A Zulu-English dictionary with notes on pronunciation, a revised orthography and derivations and cognate words from many languages; including also a vocabulary of Hlonipa words, tribal-names, etc., a synopsis of Zulu grammar and a concise history of the Zulu people from the most ancient times

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BRYANT'S

ZULU-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

IN PREPARATION.

AN

ENGLISH-ZULU DICTIONARY.

BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

A

ZULU-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

WITH

NOTES ON PRONUNCIATION,

A

REVISED ORTHOGRAPHY

AND

DERIVATIONS AND COGNATE WORDS FROM MANY LANGUAGES;

INCLUDING ALSO A

VOCABULARY OF HLONIPA WORDS,
TRIBAL-NAMES, etc.,

A

SYNOPSIS OF ZULU GRAMMAR

AND A

CONCISE HISTORY OF THE ZULU PEOPLE

FROM THE MUST ANCIENT TIMES.

BY

ALFRED T. BRYANT,
Missionary in Zululand and Natal.

0®O

1905.

To be had of
P. DAVIS A SONS, MAR1TZBURG AND DURBAN;
.r. C. JUTA .<: CO., CAPETOWN, JOHANNESBURG ASK DURBAN;

or direct from
THE MAKIANNH1U, MISSION PRESS, PINETOWN, NATAL.

TO

J0§P KEGB BRTfl-RJP,

born 17th June, 1901,
as an incentive to future study and research,

this work is hopefully dedicated
by the author.

<A

PREFACE.

AFTER patiently plodding along for a period extending over more than twelve
years, I am a length enabled to offer the public my Zulu-English Dictionary—
the result of labours entirely accomplished in the solitude of various remote Na-
tive missions in Zululand and Natal, with neither a reference-library to consult nor
the conversation and advice of neighbouring students to profit by.

I have brought my work to completion; and yet only partially so. For, although
I have succeeded in amassing a collection of well-nigh 20,000 words, or perhaps 70
per cent, more than have heretofore appeared in former dictionaries, I have not been
able to prepare for this present edition all the words at my disposal. Further, this
large total does not include all the so-called derivative forms; for, had these been
inserted, inasmuch as every verb in Zulu is capable of adopting anything up to
twenty -five different forms (causative, reciprocal, objective, intensitiye, etc.) and every
noun at least three other forms (locative, diminutive, prepositional, and often femin-
ine), and adjectives and adverbs also various modifications; and since about 8,500 of
the words entered are nouns and about 8,000 verbs, the rest being adjectives, adverbs
and the like, I might have had something like 150,000 entries instead of only 20,000,
which, of course, would have so increased the bulk of the book as to render its
size impracticable and its cost prohibitive.

That most excellent production of Bishop Colenso which superseded the now anti-
quated dictionary of Dohne which preceded it, has naturally provided me with ni3T first
working basis; but, even so, little of that great scholar's work will be apparent in this
volume, since every explanation herein contained is the result of original investigation,
and all old words have had their meanings re-written and, where necessary, amended
or supplemented. All words have been classified according to the old system followed
by Colenso; an alteration has been made only where that system was manifestly in
error, but not where an improvement was merely a matter of opinion or desire. Thus,
the sound of the hi and s, whenever they immediately follow an n, become changed,
and adopt a dentalised form. Such a difference of sound should clearly appear in any
good system of orthography, although Colenso made absolutely no distinction. My-
self I have followed the Xosa plan, using a Tl (instead of an ///) and Ts (instead
of an s), and all such words" "will be found so entered. On the other hand, where a
change was merely a matter of opinion, I have refrained from following my own
desire, until the general opinion is more decidedly in agreement therewith. Thus, in
regard to the signs dhl and tsh, I should have preferred personally to fall into line
with the Xosa usage also in this matter, and have used dl and ty in their stead. I
shall for the present, however, merely recommend the use of these latter signs to all
writers in Zulu, so that, in a subsequent edition, they may be adopted without demur.
Words found in Colenso's Dictionary as spoken in Xatal, but which I have
failed to discover as known or in use in Zululand, have been everywhere marked with
the sign (C.N.). For the accuracy of this class of words I myself are unable to
vouch. Many will certainly be genuine specimens of Natal speech, but not a few, I
fear, are decidedly doubtful, and some manifestly incorrect or else foreign importations.

For instance, the word ubu-Xayi seems to me to be an obvious corruption of the e
into an x click — a habit for which the Natal Natives have a characteristic weakness.
Again, the words lola and u(lu)-Xolo are from the Cape Colony Xosa language and
are absolutely unknown to the Zulus. Such Xosa words, now exceedingly common
in Xatal, should be scrupulously avoided by all who desire to speak pure Zulu.

Considering, then, the magnitude of my task, it will not be surprising to find
in a first edition, lacking, as it does, that benefit of long use and perusal so helpful
to tlif perfection of subsequent publications, a considerable sprinkling of author's in-
accuracies and printer's errors. I have, however, endeavoured to remedy this tem-
porary defect by supplying an Appendix, to be found at the end of the book, in which
most of these shortcomings have been made good.

I have already observed that this Dictionary has been compiled mainly in
Zululand. It thus contains the pure Zulu language as there spoken — spoken, indeed,
still as it has been from time immemorial, and uncontaminated by contact with Arab
or European, or by the subjugation of neighbouring tribes. If, therefore, Natives of
Xatal be found at times to use words in a sense different to that given here, such
tb<' may, as a rule, be regarded as a localism peculiar to those parts. Although in-
digenous only to that small strip of country between the Tukela river and Tongaland,
the Zulu, language, since the days of Shaka, has become the dominant type of speech,
and may even be called the hngua_f rajiga throughout all the eastern half of the Afri-
can continent from the SoutKera^CTceanHto the Zambezi and even far beyond.

That the present-day speech of Natal Natives is sadly corrupted is patent to
anyone well acquainted with pure Zulu, and, in the matter of clicks, they can
scarcely be relied upon for a single word. Such expressions as waziwa cisho bonke
bakona, though increasingly common in Natal and passing there as perfect gramma-
tical style, are to the Native of Zululand the veriest kitchen-Kafir. Nor is this to be
wondered at. The aboriginal inhabitants of Natal were not, unless remotely, of the
same stock as the Zulus. They were amaLala — another people with another speech.
Their so-called tekeza language was, previous to~the time of Shaka, considerably different
to that of the trans-Tukelian clans and was almost unintelligible to them ; and it was only
after the over-running of Natal and the universal leading into captivity of its peoples
by the conquering Zulu host, that the ancient tekeza speech died out and all the youth
of the land grew up knowing and speaking nothing but the language of their con-
querors. The women-folk, however, were suffered to cling more tenaciously to their
mother-tongue, and it was they who preserved in Natal that leaven which subse-
quently tainted the Zulu of their future families.

Then, in Natal customs concerning marriage, lobola, etc., are so exceedingly
different from what they are among the pure Zulus, that in a few instances imper-
fections of explanation have crept into our work ; but most of these have been duly
amended in the Appendix. There are, again, many words in use in Natal which are
absolutely unknown in Zululand, some perhaps remnants of the original Lata speech -
an incident we should most certainly expect — while others are probably importations
from neighbouring tribes. Many of these localisms not being in vogue in Zululand,
will undoubtedly have escaped the author's notice; but such as he has come across,
he has inserted and distinguished by the sign (C.N.) or (N), according as they appear,
or not, in Colenso's Dictionary.

I regret that I am unable to attest to the accuracy of many of the Native
names for birds. Owing to the similarity in colour of so many separated species, to
tin- changing of the plumage according to different seasons, and to the fact of the
male birds being frequently so unlike the females, the Natives have become consider-
ably confused in their nomenclature, so that it has often been impossible for me to
discover the exact bird for which any particular name has been coined. Careful and
extensive enquiries have in every case been made, oftentimes only to make the con-
fusion worse confounded. Howbeit, wherever I have ventured to insert a scientific
name, I have confidence that it will generally be found accurately affixed. Some
corrections, however, based on later investigations, will be found in the Appendix.

The same remark applies also to the Natal names for fishes, as well as to
words denoting the particular colour-markings and the shape of horns of cattle. The
names of fishes, as the sign (N) will show, are not pure Zulu words, being mainly con-
fined to the few fish-eating Natives residing along the Natal coast, mainly about Dur-
ban, and have probably been invented by them in quite recent times, since they have
adopted the fish-eating habit, which the Zulus proper have not.

- 7* -

The origin of the Zulu language is still shrouded in impenetrable mists. That**""
it is one of the most primitive varieties of that great Bantu language spoken by all
the Negroid tribes south of the Sudan is plain and undeniable; and if we carefully
study the cognate words, given in this work, from the speech of other Oriental peoples,
ancient and modern, we must certainly come to regard it, no longer as a theoretical
supposition, but as a proven fact, that there is also an anterior relationship with tin?
Aryan and Semitic languages. Such a relationship has, of course, bWlTgcnerally as-
sumed by those philologists who are of opinion that all language was originally one;
but, strange to say, they have generally ridiculed the efforts of those who have hither-
to attempted to prove it. We may, in this regard, merely suggest a study of the
following comparisons, and then draw our own conclusions: — Sanskrit plu (flow),
Latin flu-ere, Zulu um-fula (river); Skr. can (shine), Lat. candeo, Z. kanya; Lat.
Ju-piter (the Father above), Z. pe-zu (above), i-zulu (heavens); Skr. bhuj (enjoy),
Z. jabula; Skr. Jcunta (spear), Z. um-ko?ito; Skr. nag a (snake), Z. i-nyoka; Skr.
han (strike), Z. is-ando (hammer), is-andhla (hand), am-andhla (strength); Skr.
dhama (create), Z. dala; Skr. bhanu (sun), Z. ban-eka (shine out); Skr. madhu
(honey), Z. nxnandi (sweet); Skr. upalla (rock), Z. i-dwala; Skr. dhava (husband),
Z. in-doda; Skr. vadhu (wife), Z. um-fazi. Or with the Arabic kasar (break), Z. casa;
Ar. khala (create), Z. dala; Ar. ghala (fault), Z. i-cala; Ar. berd (cold), Z. banda\
Ar. ba'ar (cattle), Z. isi-baya (cattle-pen); Ar. khabar (news), Z. in-daba; Ar. khala
(open country), Z. u-bala; Ar. bayad (garment), Z. ambata (wear clothes); Ar.
bar" (lightning), Z. u-bani. And so on through a hundred other examples.

The Zulu language, says Prof. Keane, 'is probably the most typical memberi/
of the widespread Bantu family, standing in much the same relation to the other]
branches of this stock as Sankrit does to those of the Aryan group'; and, writes''
Max-Miiller, quoting Bleek, 'it is not too much to say that similar results may
at present be expected from a deeper study of such primitive forms of language as
the Kafir and the Hottentot exhibit, as followed, at the beginning of the century, the
discovery of Sanskrit.' Zulu, further remarks the first-named professor, is of all the
most primitive and conservative of the oldest forms. We present it in this work in
its primeval purity. Of the 20,000 words herein contained, not more than a couple of
dozen will be found to be exotic importations. This may be a startling announcement
to those who, mindful of the assertion that the daily speech of the average English
peasant does not embrace more than a total of a few hundred words, had concluded
that the vocabulary of a savage race must be equally small. The fact shows that the
brain of the African black, 01 whose thoughts these words are the tangible manifest-.**^
ation, is, in so far as language can be a criterion (a point clearly to be noted), not
a whit less active and capable than that of the average European. Nor docs the
language show any structural inferiority ; indeed, in this respect it absolutely outclasses \
many of our European languages, and, had it been planned by one of our most
modern inventive geniuses, it could scarcely have been better modelled. In the hands,
so to say, of one expert in its use, it is capable of expressing anything in the run of
ordinary life, in a manner as perfect, and oftentimes in an easier and clearer way
than in English. No reasonable person would expect it to have already made pro-
vision for all those abstract ideas, scientific facts, and paraphernalia of civilised life,
which had never yet come within the sphere of its experience. And yet it carries
within itself ample power and resources for answering all those requirements. Owing
to its unrivalled onomatopuetic capabilities, it provides both a medium of lifelike ex-
pression that the cleverest European raconteur could never aspire to, and offers an
ever-ready means for the coining of endless new words. That a language is possessed
of abundant inherent qualities allowing the facile coinage of new words is a strong
and healthy characteristic showing that it is capable of responding to much further
intellectual growth and material progress on the part of the people speaking it. Now,
the Zulu possesses this characteristic to a truly remarkable degree. Indeed, in certain
respects it is probable that irrr living European language, if left only to its own re-
sources and unable to borrow from other languages, could even compare with it; for, |
given merely a sound or a peculiarity of motion — and sound and motion include a
good deal — the Native can coin nouns and verbs with ease and to an unlimited
degree, dignified in form and expressive to life. Quite a large number of the older
words have undoubtedly been formed in this way — names of birds, names of beasts,
names of actions of every description, and a multitude of verbs. Nor is this [tower
and process already dead. As witness of this, we have the words u-mbuyimbayi

- 6* -

(cannon), isi-ntuluntulu (maxim-gun), u-nongqayi ( policeman ), u-noxaka (iron-trap),
u-boziyem.be (shirt-front), and quite a number of other modern and intelligently form-
ed noun?, invented, not by missionaries, but by the raw, uneducated Native. We
can safely assert that there is scarcely anything (except in the realm of pure abstract
thought ) lor which the Zulu language would find itself unable to supply a name. It
is tu he deeply regretted, however, that the language is being spoilt by just those
wiio, one would have expected, would have preserved and improved it; for we find
European missionaries rashly coining new words with the utmost indifference to
their fitness or necessity. They are rapidly filling the Zulu vocabulary — though few
.it their inventions have found acceptance in this dictionary — with a ridiculous bastard
Zulu, which consists frequently of a mere Latin or English, and sometimes even
German, root, to which one or other of the nominal prefixes has been annexed, and
tin- result supposed to be a Zulu word. This, generally speaking, is a sure indication
of ignorance of the language; so that, unable to 'know' and to 'feel' and 'think' in
it, as does the ordinary Kafir, they are incapable of doing what the most uneducated
Native, with an unerring natural facility, invariably does, viz. to seek out materials
from within the natural store of the language and then, by giving them a new and
suitable form, make them answer to the newer requirements. Had we left the naming
«it a 'cannon' to an average European linguist, he would, without any doubt, have
learnedly informed us that this is an article of which the uncivilised barbarian cannot
possibly have any understanding or idea, much less a name. It may, therefore, rea-
sonably and properly be called in Zulu an i-kanoni. But the unsophisticated barbari-
an was wiser than imagined, and with the greatest ease immediately disproved any
suggestion of his linguistic incapabilities by naming the strange thing, upon hearing
its boom, as an u-mbayimbayi, which is a word eertainly of purer Zulu and more
suitable and expressive than i-kanoni, which to the Native would have been as
Chinese.

The Zulu language, then, is eminently well-stocked and vividly expressive, is
resourceful and plastic to all demands. It luxuriates in sweet, mellow vowel-sounds,
and the quaint musical cadence of its flow rivals the most silvery-toned Italian. Its
most prominent philological feature, however, is that alliterative concord, so ingenious
as a grammatical scheme, which carries a flow of progressive harmony throughout
the whole of each sentence; while the feature which gives the language its greatest
power is its marvellously elaborated verb, which presents, as Prof. Keane observes,
'no less than 250 different forms, temporal, modal, positive, negative, active, passive,
causal, augmentative, etc., so that the language is in this respect probably unsur-
passed even by the intricate verbal systems of the Finno-Tartar group'.

A tact that showed itself most clearly during my pursuit of new words and their
meanings, was that the Zulu language is in the keeping of the female sex. I can affirm
without exaggeration that fully 19,000 of the words entered in this Dictionary were known
and their meanings understood by an intelligent, though absolutely uneducated adult girl,
who was a member of my 'court of enquiry' in Zululand to whom all words were sub-
mitted lor verification or correction previous to entry. And so it was generally found,
that the ordinary vocabulary and word-knowledge of the women was in marked excess
of that of the men. This probably arises from the intellect of the X-ative female being

illy more highly developed, clearer and keener, than that of the males; which in
its turn may he accounted for by the fact of the females having the main portion of
the whole work of the land to do. For busy hands must needs develop a busy mind,
and the indolent will naturally have little to think and consequently also to talk about.

But while the women have done so much towards the preservation and perhaps
elaboration of the language, strange to say it is also they who have made the most
persistent effort, unwittingly, it is true, to' corrupt or destroy it. They have a practice
universal among them, and common also to many other savage peoples of the world
I being, in my opinion, identical in origin with that other wide-spread custom of cer-
tain tribes called taboo) of abstaining from the use of all words wherein is contained
the root of the names of their male relatives (see hlonipa in text). This is done, of
• oiii an exhibition of marked respect for those same relations. But, inasmuch

as other expressions have to be found, or otherwise invented, to replace those thus
lained From, and since each and every woman throughout the tribe is daily and
diligently engaged maintaining the custom, we may easily realise what an amount of
confusion and change tins habit must give rise to in the standard speech. Sometimes

— 9* —

even a whole clan, males included, will bo thus involved in the mutation of all words /
related to the name of their chief. But with this single exception regarding chiefs- l"^
the hlonipa custom is confined to the female sex. About a thousand words of this
women's lingo have been added as a novel appendix to this Dictionary; for, naturally,
all such expressions have been rigorously excluded from the body of the text Of
course, a word used for hlonipa purposes is not always a part of the genuine hloni-
pa language. A single object will oftentimes have two names. In such cases a female
would not require to coin a new and special term to suit the occasion ; she would
merely adopt the alternative word as sufficient for her requirements. The hlonipa
language, then, as here described, includes only such words as are confined in their
use to hlonipa purposes and otherwise find no place in the standard of speech as
used by all males and unabstaining women.

As this is, I believe, the first time the female hlonipa language has been
brought to publication, it will not only prove of great use to those who, as magistrates
and such, have to deal with Native women, but will also provide a highly entertaining
study. For it will be found that this hlonipa custom has not been an unmixed evil.
Just as the frequently coarse phraseology peculiar to the tribe of English schoolboys
lias preserved for us many ancient English terms otherwise now entirely out of use,
so, in the same way, it will be found that the hloyjpa speech of the Zulu women has\"
preserved words of the ancient Zulji«.language now quite obsolete, as well as many
other words brought along by them from alien tribes from whom the men in remoter
times had taken wives, and which words will now provide much elucidation for the
ethnologist when tracing the origin and ancient history of these Zulu people.

The people with whose language we are dealing have not only been given another
colouring of skin, but they have also been gifted with, in many respects, colouring
of thought entirely different to our own, seeing things, as we say, often in quite a
different light. This fact has necessitated my abandoning in this work that brevity
of explanation customary and indeed sufficient in ordinary dictionaries of a foreign,
though cognate, Aryan language. For example, the Zulu word isi-Hlepu may at times
be found described' simply as a 'Fragment'. Such an explanation is in truth concise
and correct enough; but "whether or not the student is a gainer by such brevity will
immediately appear when we discover that the 'fragment' prominent in the Native
mind is not that which has been removed from the broken pot but rather that frag-
mentary portion of the pot which still remains. Indeed, it would seem as though
these people have many thoughts radically 'foreign' to our minds, as witness the
words hubuza, juza, kohla, kunga, lumela, uShishi, xatula, and many others. I
have therefore intentionally sacrificed that otherwise desirable conciseness of style for
the clearer explication obtainable only at the risk of a greater prolixity; and I feel
sure such a course will be amply justified by contributing to the greater gain of the
student.

This work is written, not for children and idle readers, but solely for students
and persons of a mature mind. The Zulus are a people still in the uncultured state
of nature, and, with that unconscious frankness significant of innocence, have the habit of
shamelessly calling a spade a spade. Therefore, though undersignedly on their part,
it is nevertheless from our point of view to be regretted that their language should
possess in its daily conversational use such a large number of dicta obscena unsa-
voury to more refined minds. But inasmuch as magistrates, missionaries, masters, and
others having to deal intimately with Natives, have an absolute necessity of clearly
understanding the purport of these expressions, I have been reluctantly compelled
to insert in my work the more common of such words and phrases, the absence of
which would have seriously militated against its usefulness and completeness; but in
doing so, I have always endeavoured so to state the meanings as to be not too
glaringly offensive to cultured minds.

One of the most conspicuous defects hitherto, in regard to the Zulu Language,
has been the very imperfect system of writing it; and one of the most conspicuous
features of this Dictionary is an attempt to remove that defect by supplying a new
and original method of orthography based on phonetic principles. I have believed
that the only reasonable course, acceptable to any thinking people whose duly it may
become to reduce a barbarous tongue for the first time to writing, is to pen the
sounds as exactly as possible as they come from the speakers' mouths. Heretofore
this has not been done — coba, cobha ami chobha; haha and umhhahha\ potoza and

- 10* -

phothoea, although each having its own meaning and different pronunciation, have
all, in their respective groups, been written in the one same way, without any distin-
guishing mark. There were at least nine different sounds, commonly occurring in
Zulu speech, left entirely unprovided for in the old system of writing followed by
bishop Colenso. This deficiency I have attempted to remedy in the present work.
The word-lists, in order not to introduce confusion right at the start, have been com-
piled according to the customary or old style of spelling; but wherever this is at
variance with the actual pronunciation, the corrected orthography, expressive of that
pronunciation, has been inserted alongside within brackets. My plan has been simply
to give each separate sound its own distinguishing sign and to use one sign only
for one sound.

Towards the attaining of this end two methods were open to me — firstly, the
adoption of 'special signs' for expressing sounds non-existent in European languages,
or secondly, the accommodating of the ordinary signs of the Roman alphabet to the
requirements of the Zulu tongue. The first method I find has been adopted by
lu. Kropf, in his recent elaborate Dictionary of the Xosa language; but it altogether
LufeTT" to recommend itself to my mind as impracticable. By its adoption nothing
could be printed in Zulu without the use of special types, and such special types the
South-African printers do not possess, nor would it repay itself to have them made.
The second method, on the contrary, was both simple and feasible. It demanded
nothing beyond the ordinary lettering of the English alphabet, and with that lettering-
it was found easily possible, by a judicious combination of the signs, to describe
every different sound occurring in Zulu speech. My phonotypy was accordingly
planned so that it serve the double purpose of showing at once the accurate spelling
and the correct pronunciation of each word. The appearance of the new letter-com-
binations will naturally be somewhat puzzling at first sight, and perhaps somewhat
distasteful to those who too conservatively cling to traditional errors; but unbiassed
beginners will rapidly discover that the puzzling and confusion was rather in the
antiquated system wherein the same sign frequently represented totally different sounds
and the same sound was frequently represented by quite different signs; whereby
some wrote tshala for 'to plant,' others tyala, whereas the sound was one and the
same, or beka for 'to see' and beka also for 'to place,' although the sounds were
altogether different.

I have described my system of orthography as original. It was a coincidence
truly surprising to the compiler of this work to discover that, while he had been en-
gaged during so many years in the preparation of this dictionary and the devising of
an improved system of Zulu orthography, another lexicographer, Dr. Kropf, away in
the Cape Colony, had been engaged, quite unknowingly and independently, doing pre-
cisely the same thing for the Xosa language, with the result, moreover, that both
became driven by the like facts to the same conclusions and adopted theoretically the
same system of writing — theoretically, though not descriptively the same, for, as
above observed, the Xosa lexicographer preferred the use of 'special signs' for his
writing and spelling to the ordinary letters of the alphabet as it stands.

One oT the peculiar attractions of this Dictionary will undoubtedly be the large
number of derivations and cognate words sprinkled throughout the text and collected
from more than 180 languages, ancient and modern. They are the result not of any special
study in this branch, having been merely picked up casually in the reading of philo-
logical and other books. The student will therefore guard against supposing that they
arc given with any pretension to authority. The greater number, it is true, will be
obvious certainties; but many are simply suggestive, while some are merely fanciful.
They are given for what they are worth, and I feel convinced will not fail to be of
great profit to earnest philologists and of interest to all. But I have not overbur-
dened my space with references to the languages of our immediate neighbours, the
Xosas and Sutos. The relationship with these being so close and cognate words so
numerous, had I collected from them, I should have had to include in my text a
very large portion of their respective dictionaries. I have therefore confined my
selection to words only of the remoter African languages. Nor have I followed
Dohne in his habit of analysing the words, as to their primordial particles and the
intrinsic meaning of such. To attempt this, with our present rudimentary knowledge
<»t Bantu philology, were, in my opinion, not only futile, but also at times foolish.

A large collection of clan-names (izibongo) and proper names at the end of the
book is another useful novelty in this work. Proper names of places have been entered

- 11* -

in their locative form, both on account of that being the form almost solely used in daily
speech, and in order to indicate how that form is really constructed for each word.

The rule followed in this work for the classification of nouns has been to entei
each according to its root or radical. But the form of some nouns is so complicated
and misleading as to render it difficult for one not already expert in the language t<>
recognise what portion of the whole word constitutes this root. Thus, wo have, the
words impitimpiti (a commotion) and imfangumfangu (a spongy thing). At first
sight one would expect to find these words entered under P and P respectively, or
otherwise both under M. And yet both such manners of entry would he inaccurate;
for the radical of the former noun begins witli Piti (from the verb pitiza, to move
about) and, of the latter, with Mfangu (from the verb mfanguza, to squeeze). They
would accordingly be found entered as i-mPltimpiti and i-Mfangumfangu.

Other examples, again, are still more complex. Thus, we have cebengela (to
patch up), ingcebengela (a patching up of an affair), ubung cebengela (such patching-
up talk); or, gana (marry), ingane (a child), umngane (a friend), ubung ane (child-
hood, friendship); ttita (carry away), intutwane (an ant), ubuntutwane (character of
ants). Here we have examples of first and second derivations, of primary and sec-
ondary roots. In the first instance, it is plain that the noun ingcebengela \* derived
from the verb cebengela, and that the nominal radical must therefore commence with
the click (which in this case has become somewhat modified in sound owing to the
preceding nasal); and it is also plain that the noun ubung cebengela is derived, nol
from the original root cebengela, but directly from the noun ingcebengela. Unfortun-
ately no rule has been so far formulated for the regular division of such nouns into
prefixes and radicals. In this work I have entered them under all possible places
so as to avoid any inconvenience to those searching for them. Nevertheless, I should
like to submit as the simplest rule for future general acceptance and applicable alike
to all derivative nouns, that the portion of a noun to be in future regarded as its
radical (as distinct from its prefix) should be the radical of the word from which it
is immediately, not remotely, derived. Thus, cebengela, i-nG 'cebengela, ubu-Ngcebe-
ngela; gana, i-nGane, um-Ngane, ubu-Ngane; tuta, i-nTutwane, ubu-N tut wane.

In fine, I are unable to find words adequate to express my deep gratitude to
all who have so generously assisted me in my difficult task. A special tribute of
thanks is due to the Ven. Archdeacon Johnson, of Zululand, for several words and
their meanings; to J. Medley Wood, Esq., director of the Botanic Gardens, .Durban,
and to J. F. Quekett, Esq., curator of the Durban Museum, for many scientific terms ;
to A. R. R. Turnbull, Esq., magistrate in Zululand, for much historical information ;
to J. Stuart, Esq., magistrate in Durban, for the names of fishes, birds, etc.; to the
Rev. L. O. Feyling, of St. Lucia Bay, and to many other gentlemen of the Civil
Service and general public.

And I would still fain solicit the continued support of these and all others
interested in having a compendium of the Zulu language as complete and perfect as
possible; that they kindly send to me from time to time any Zulu words they may
find not appearing on my list, as well as notify me of any errors they may discover
or improvements they would suggest.

A. T. Bryant.
Pinetown, Natal., Feb. 4th., 1905.

A SKETCH OF
THE ORIGIN AND EARLY HISTORY
OF THE ZULU PEOPLE.

11HE history of the Zulu people is the history of the whole Bantu race, and the
. history of the Bantu race is the history of half the African continent. Numerous
scholars, in Germany, in England, and elsewhere, have already given, we might
almost say, their life to the unravelling of the pages of this puzzling history, but, we
regret to say, with the poor result that it still remains a closed book. Of deeply
thought-out theories there have been an amplitude, a few presenting some appearance
of probability, many merely fanciful, most simply speculative, all unsupported by ab-
solute proof.

Hut if, of this great mass of thought and suggestion, we collect the cream; if
we sift out therefrom that which, according to our own thinking and investigations,
mis the most acceptable, we shall find the story of the peoples of this African con-
tinent to run somewhat as follows.

The external crust of this earth of ours was not always moulded exacthy as it
at present stands. There was a time when Jobian leviathans and other aquatic fry
sported along our valleys and swam over our plains; when anthropoid apes chattered
ami worked out their development in trees now embedded at the bottom of the ocean.
Starting with this supposition —and we think we may safely say fact, rather than
supposition the distribution of mankind and the diversification of races throughout
the globe, otherwise so puzzling, becomes at once clear and understandable. When
jro ancestors could traval overland from Malaysia to Africa; when the pre-historic
civilisation of Egypt and Fezzan found a means of spreading uninterrupted as far as
Mexico that is the period in the world's lifetime to which we must in spirit betake
"urselves, if we would trace the origin, or at least so much of it as we shall probably
ever be able to know, of these old-world people in whose midst we live.

The Negritos of the Phillippine Islands, Andaman and Tasmania, the Papuans
of New Guinea ami Fiji, the Dravidians of Eastern India and Australia, find them-
selves to-day planted about the world in isolated localities, separated one from an-
other and from their cousins, the Negroes of Africa, by hundreds and thousands of
miles of impassable ocean, each ignorant even of the other's existence, and retaining
no further trace of mutual connection than that ineradicable identity of physical form
and character which nature has unerringly continued to mould out of the same pri-
mordial elements of life and blood. And how did this world-wide separation come
about?

The question is not difficult to answer with the many-branched elucidation of
modern investigation. A mere look at the map will suffice to show us that the asser-
tions of geologists are more than probable All these broken chips of dry land,
Australia, Papua and Imlo-Cliina, were once one solid continent, extending continuously
away towards the west, from the Eastern Archipelago to Africa. But gradually, in
different ages, and perhaps, as Prof. Keane — to whose brilliant writings, by the way,
we are indebted for so much of our information — thinks probable, during the early
part or middle of the Tertiary period, the bowels of the earth became convulsed

( t

— 13*

\

— an occurrence by no means uncommon in those far-off times, when our planet had
not yet cooled down to her present comparatively sober state and the Indo-Malay-
sian continent became a wreck. A thousand disconnected islands sprang up in its
place and the major portion remained permanently submerged beneath the in-running' 7
floods of the Indian Ocean. Lemuria in the east, as Atlantis in the west, disappeared
for aye from the cartography of the globe. "That such geological changes have taken
place in Southern Asia in the very latest geological period is", says Strachey, in
the Encyclopaedia Brit., "well established."

In this Lemurian continent, selected by many as the probable cradle ol the I
human race, — though Darwin himself, it is said, favoured a region about where
Somaliland now is — lived many prehistoric peoples, and with it the 'missing link',
the solution of Darwinism, went to the bottom of the sea. Hut from it this African /
continent was mainly peopled. In the remotest antiquity streams of people wanderedC
down upon these parts direct from the now-submerged land, while at a much more ^
recent date, in all but historical times, other incursions of other races overran her
more northern parts from what we may call modern Asia. The whole of the inhabi-
tants of Africa dwelling in those parts to the south of the Sahara region, with the
exception of the Gallas and Somalis, but including perhaps the Pygmies, the Hush
men, and the Hottentots, and certainly the Negroes and the Bantus, belong to tin
former category. When this occupation of Africa originated is unknown, for it is
unknown when the Lemurian continent became submerged and the peoples of tin
Eastern Archipelago and Africa were cut asunder by an inrush of impassable ocean
It is probable that there were several different incursions, according as families oi
triblets, feeling the pressure at home, wandered abroad, following each other at lorn.
periods, in all perhaps amounting to thousands of years. We have information of {lie
Pygmies, the Bushmen and the Negroes, the African aboriginals nearest to the
ancient seats of literature in Egypt and Greece, more than 5,000 years ago; and, «
from all we can judge, these races are to-day just as they were then, and we see no
reason to believe that they were then any different from what they may have been
yet another 5,000 years before. The submerging of the Indo-Malaysian continent
must have been an event of the remotest past, for, although a catastrophe attendant
with such tremendous results to mankind, its occurrence had been practically for-
gotten by the very oldest of races; but that it took place after man had already entered
into possession of the globe, would seem to be supported by the evidence of dilu-
vian traditions among so many ancient peoples, especially among those inhabiting
the vicinity of the particular region in point. But inasmuch as the Bantus and, we \

believe, the Negroes have themselves no such tradition, it would almost seem as
though they had already left their Lemurian fatherland and become lost among the
wilds of Africa long before the cataclysm occurred.

We may here observe, in parenthesis, that the above theory bases itself upon
the more remote primordial ancestry of the whole human genus from a single original
mother. Others prefer to start at a more recent date, with the subsequent division of
that genus into different human species through different original mothers, so that,
for instance, the Mongolian race may be regarded as of a different origin to that of
the Negroes. According to this method of speculation, the .Mongolians and the Bush-
men would still remain intimately related; but their common ancestor dwelt, not in
the vanished tropical continent, but rather in a more temperate region, and the yellow-
skinned inhabitants of Africa arrived, not by a route from east to west, but downward
from the more northern latitudes about Siberia. Signs of pre-historical Bushman life
which, Petrie tells us, exist in Malta and France, would seem to favour this theory.
Further, it does strike one as remarkable, though by no means as an insurmount-
able difficulty, that the yellow races of Africa, notwithstanding that they have been
subjected to all the same circumstances of climate, life ami general environment as
the black races throughout a continuous period of at any rate 7,000 years, have never
yet in the slightest degree exchanged their light yellow colour for a swarthy skin.

The Pygmies, Bushmen and Hottentots. But should we adopt the hypothesis of
an eastern origin — as most are inclined to do — then, from the antediluvian land
there wandered off, in the very earliest of days, towards the Mongolian lands of Asia,
as towards the present African mainland, first of all, bands of diminutive, yellow-
skinned men of meagre intelligence, whose roving, homeless life, rude manners, and
rudimentary forms of speech, likened them more to the animals than to men; whose

!

]

— 14* —

'pygmy' descendants, are said to be still extant (if they ever existed), though personally
we prefer to think that there no longer exists any yellow race inferior to the Bushmen.
Meeting somewhere with the requisite conditions, the diminutive physique and
rudimentary intellect of this supposed race of Pygmies began to develop, and the
Troglodytes or Cave-dwellers, the Bushmen of our own times, were evolved. These
were possessed of a somewhat improved edition ofthe human body and some advance
in their mode of life in that they preferred the shelter of the cave to the open veldt or
forest, though they still retained the clucking language and the yellow skin, the high
cheek-bones, the unusual posterior development, and the scanty tufty hair of their progen-
itors. In these Bushmen, now, with the Pygmies, destined to die away and give place
to more vigorous strains, we have the remnants of those ancient emigrants from the
Indo-Malaysian continent, whose brothers, migrating away to the eastward, subsequently
produced the great Mongolian race. But in the Mongolian land, the last survivors of
the original pygmy stock of those parts died out long ago, so that we find there to-
lay representatives only of the more recently developed scion.

These primitive people, at a very early period, somehow acquired a strongly

irtistic bent of mind, which grew in Africa into a natural talent for the graphic art

- rude pictures of these ancient Bushmen being still extant in the caves in almost

very district of South-Africa — and into the science of hieroglyphics in Ancient China,

eliminating later on in their present system of writing. The characteristic weapon of

..hese unprogressive races still remains, alike in Asia as in Africa, the bow and arrow,

nd the fact of an abundance of stone arrowheads, axes, and other rude implements

X this material having been found, according to Oppert and Theal, in the Cape Colony,

,i Egypt, in Somaliland and Upper Guinea, would seem to point to the presence of

mese Bushmen peoples all over the continent during the Stone Age, which Oppert

opines to have been about 12,000 years before our era. But as man is generally held

to have been present on this earth at least during some part of the Glacial Period,

and this Glacial Period, according to such great authorities as Geike and Lubbock, is

held to represent an age of about 200,000 years ago, this calculation of Oppert cannot

be deemed extravagant.

From the Bushmen, the aba-Twa of the Zulus, we pass on to a very closely
allied race, the Hottentots or ama-Lawu. Described in one word, they seem to be
an improved edition of the former. They have the same dirty -yellow skin; the same
high-cheeked, steatopygous type of body; a stature on the average taller than the
Bushmen, though still much below the average of other surrounding African races; a
mode of life of greater refinement than that of the Bushmen, being inclined rather to
pastoral and agricultural habits, and yet, like the latter, still preferring the desert
solitudes and careless of any kind of dwelling; and, finally, a language which, while
apparently in the main based on that of the Bushmen, abounding in clicks and harsh
guttural sounds, and presenting some remote resemblance to it in its vocabulary,
nevertheless exhibits certain important differences from it in structure, which differ-
ences, strange to say, are marked characteristics of the Hamitic languages far away
at the other end of the continent, viz, the possession of nominal suffixes, grammatical
gender, etc. — traits unknown in any languages of the Bantu (as well as in those of
the Bushmen, for a matter of that), who occupy the whole of the African mainland
right away to beyond the equator.

It is on the strength of this linguistic similarity of grammar between the Hot-
tentots and the Hamitic family that some, like the celebrated Lepsius, have supposed
that the former, as well as the Bushmen, may be of Hamitic origin. In support of
this theory they point, further, to the moon-worship of these people, to their use of
bows and arrows, to their strong resemblance to figures appearing in ancient Egyp-
tian art. But in our opinion the whole of the above facts taken together do not
warrant the aforesaid conclusion. The solely structural, not verbal, resemblance
between so distantly separated languages, marking, too, so strong a divergence from
anything akin to the all-encompassing Bantu speech, or even to that of their nearest
relatives or ancestors, the Bushmen, is certainly a surprising and inexplicable puzzle.
Our own opinion is that the present South-African Hottentots were originally a
"Bushman" race (or race sprung from Bushman ancestry) resident in the northern
parts of Africa; that there they came into contact — perhaps as their slaves -
with the Hamitic tribes, in-streaming by the isthmian route from Asia (suppos-
edly from the neighbourhood of Mesopotamia, and afterwards followed, as the last
in the procession, by the so-called Ancient Egyptians), and in so intimate a degree

— 15* —

— though without intermarriage — as to adopt, not only some characteristics of
their speech, hut also their nomadic mode of life and pastoral instincts; and, becoming
afterwards separated from their neighbours, they wended their way or were pushed
gradually ever more and more towards the south, until the ocean forbade further pro-
gress. Their moon-worship — which, if we were more familiarly acquainted with it,
would probably resolve itself into a few hazy myths or mythical Customs thereanent

— was picked up on the way, not from the Ancient Egyptians, who more particularly
worshipped the sun and only in a very slight degree the moon, nor yet from any of
their Hamitic neighbours, but from the Negro or Bantu tribes among whom they
passed and with whom they mixed and probably intermarried to such a degree that
a very considerable proportion of the speech of the South-African Bantu tribes became
permanently saturated with the 'clicking' elements of their speech; for, as Keith .John- .
stone remarks, "the most widely spread worship of the Negroes and Negroids is thai ^^C
of the moon" —and this equally among those tribes whose language knows nothing ^\
of clicks and whose customs and traditions show absolutely no sign of Hottentot
influence. As for their use of bows and arrows, the Pygmies and Bushmen and,
indeed, most primitive peoples, used this weapon, whether it be in Africa, Asia, or
Oceania. That figures of people showing their peculiar type of body should have been
found depicted in Ancient Egyptian art, is only what we should expect; for their
kindred, the Pygmies and Troglodytes or Bushmen — as witness Herodotus, Ho-
mer, Hecataeus and others — were well known in Egypt, indeed some of them are even
to-day and were probably also then dwelling in their immediate vicinity; and, further,
such representations of "Bushman-like" figures are found, as we have said, not only

in Egypt, but also in Malta, France and other parts.

The theory roughly outlined above viz. that the Hottentots at one time in their
history dwelt in Northern Africa and — as we personally should prefer to believe -
came originally, not from a directly eastern, but, along with or subsequently to the
Bushmen, from a northern or north-eastern Asiatic direction, seems to us much more
plausible than the one given by Keith Johnstone as that now generally held, and
which seeks to connect the Hottentots rather closely with the Chinese and Malays, and
to regard them as comparatively recent importations. It is, of course, quite possible
that the Hottentots may have migrated to this Continent before or at the same time
as the emigration — if such ever occurred in regard to the aboriginal inhabitants of
that island — of the Malays to Madagascar, and have eventually become so mixed by
intermarriage with the South-African Bushmen as to become in physique and speech
scarcely distinguishable from them, in such a manner, indeed, as the imported Chinese
might become were they permitted to intermarry indiscriminately with these same
people. But we imagine were this so, the resulting strain would not be as the Hot-
tentots really are; would not have lost so completely its original nature and language,
and become so nearly identical with the foreign mixture. Nor does their chief differ-
ence with the Bushmen, viz. their pastoral, nomadic trait of character, indicate a
Malaysian influence. In a word, we see little reason for deeming the Hottentots as
more deeply Malaysian or Mongolian than the Bushmen themselves, and should con-
sequently prefer to place their relationship with those races much further back and
believe that it came through the same channels as did that of the more ancient
Pygmies and Troglodytes. The Hottentots, indeed, may present signs of being a
much more recent race than those Cave-dwellers, and yet there be no necessity what-
ever for our imagining them to have been a transplanting from elsewhere. A species
so nearly allied to the older Bushmen as are these Hottentots could certainly have
worked out its evolution on this continent without any special Asiatic aid. They may
eventually prove to be a 'mixed' race, or at any rate, as we have already surmised,
one that has, at some period of its existence, come under strong Hamitic or even
Semitic influence.

The Negroes. But all this is merely introductory to the more important study
as to whence the Negroes of Africa, and their near relatives the Bantus, of whom the
local Zulus are a variety.

The first pages of African history were written somewhere about 4,000 years
before Christ, and they consist in the monuments of Ancient Egypt The wonderful
civilisation of the Ancient Egyptians had already attained its maturity in the so-called
4th. dynasty of its rulers — a date given by Lepsius as :i,l'24 B.C. and by Mariette as
4,235 B.C., the period of the 1st. dynasty (commencing with Mena or Menes, the first

— 16* —

monarch who ever reigned as king over united Upper and Lower Egypt, there having
been, previous to his founding of the empire, only numerous small tribes or clans,
each under its own independent chieftain, scattered throughout the region) being
placed respectively at 3,892 B.C. and 5,004 B.C. It is at present unknown whether
this wondrous civilisation was of indigenous or exotic growth; but judged by the
ethnology of the Ancient Egyptian people, it would seem to have been imported from
elsewhere, probably from Asiatic regions. For these Ancient Egyptians were not of
African extraction, and were perhaps the very latest of the primitive races to migrate
into that continent. They probably entered by the isthmian route from south-western
Asia, and from their physical features, their dark-brown colour and their language,
are held to have been a race intermediate between the Semitic and Indo-Germanic
families. How long it took them, by their own unaided effort, to raise themselves to
so advanced a state of culture and knowledge can only be surmised. It must certainly
have required thousands of years; Chabas thinks 4,000 years antecedent to the first
dynasty would be a space of time sufficiently long for its development. The Gara-
mantes or Tibus, a Negro-Hamitic tribe inhabiting what is now Fezzan, also exhibited
a high form of civilisation about this same time; but that it was anterior to that of
its neighbour Egypt is not proven. That this is a very ancient and primitive people
is regarded by the great philologist, Reinisch, as certain, and he even makes what
appears to be a somewhat rash assertion that their language represents the best
living example of the primitive speech of man. Probably their ancient culture was
merely an inferior imitation of the arts of their great neighbour on the Nile. How
the similarity between the civilisation of Egypt and that of Mexico came about were
a more interesting problem, though one more difficult to explain.

African history, then, dawned in Egypt nearly 6,000 years ago and threw a light
upon much that was then existing and going on round about in those regions. We
find our Negro already well known, for his race provided the Pharoahs with many
a corps of swarthy warriors. Hebrew, Greek and Roman writers obtained from the
Eg3rptians some knowledge of their other African neighbours, the Pygmies (or
dwarfs), Troglodytes ( or cave-dwellers ) and Blemmyes (or hideous people). The pyg-
mies have been re-discovered in recent years by Stanley and Schweinf urth ; the cave-
dwellers are the Bushmen we almost have in our midst; but who were these 'hideous
people'? They have been held by some to be distinct from the Negroes, and
Lepsius supposes them to have been the ancestors of the present-day Bisharis, from
the fact of this Hamitic or Nubian tribe now inhabiting their old country; but it is
not without some doubt whether the epithet exactly suits their physiognomy, or might
not with greater probability have been applied to a purely Negro tribe. At any rate,
the Negroes or a people very like them, were there; certainly they did not pass in
through the narrow gate of Suez, nor yet did they come down in ships, at any time
subsequent to the occupation of northern Africa by the Ancient Egyptians.

In making a comparative study of races, we have to consider, first of all, their
respective anatomies or physical features; then, their mental characteristics; thirdly,
the resultant habits, customs and religion; and, finally, as the quality most open to
change, their language. Keeping these points in view as our working criteria, we
shall find that the eastern and western shores of the Indian Ocean are inhabited by
remarkably similar folks. On the one side we have a dark-skinned family of progna-
thous Negritos and finer featured Papuans, together with a tawny, broad-faced race of
Mongols, and, on the other, the blacks of Negro and Bantu-land, and the yellow-skinned
Bushmen. While the blacks and the yellows on the one side, though mutually distinct
among themselves, are undoubtedly related to the corresponding blacks and yellows
on the other side, we may reasonably infer that the two types are respectively de-
3cended from common mothers, of whom that of the blacks, at any rate, had her home
somewhere in the now submerged Afro-Malaysian continent.

In comparing the physiological features of the eastern and western branches of
the dark-skinned races, none will deny that between the Negroes and the Negritos,
between the Bantus and the Papuans, there is a pronounced and unmistakable likeness,
which at once unites them all as children of one family and distinguishes them from
all other families of mankind. There is throughout the same powerfulness of jaw,
Fullness of lip, broadness of nose, and woolly frizzly hair in various degrees of inten-
sity. By passing through a few Kafir kraals, one might easily bring together a very
passable photographic group of "Papuans", while among the tribes of New-Guinea he
might as easily collect a troupe of "Zulus" more true to genuine appearance than

day,

s is/
the!

— 17* —

perhaps some such who have, in years not long past, been placed 'on show ' in Europo
and America. Da Gama, four hundred years ago, found on tho Quilimane river "many
who appeared to have Arab blood in them"; and Captain Webster finds to-day,
in the Papuans of the Admiralty Islands, "strong Hebraic features very prominent.''
This constantly recurring resemblance of the Negro-Papuan peoples to the Semites '
no doubt due to some admixture of blood, not within historical times nor with
present-day Semitic peoples, but rather with some long-dead race from which th<
latter sprang, and in a vanished land.

The Nubians of Africa, as the Polynesians of Oceania, and may-be too tho In-
dians of America, are all tribes more or less remotely connected with the archaic race
of which we are writing; are all younger species subsequently produced by the en-
grafting of foreign and perhaps more vigorous scions on these primitive stocks.

The description given by Wallace of the Papuan as "impulsive and demonstra-
tive in speech and action; his emotions and passions express themselves in shouts
and laughter, in yells and frantic leapings; he is bold, impetuous, excitable and noisy,
is joyous and laughter-loving", is a picture exact and life-like of the mental character-
istics of our South-African Kafir and of the plantation Negro.

When we turn to the social-system, the customs and the religion of these peoples,
we find our hypothesis again testified to throughout. The system of clans, which
among the younger peoples of India have developed into castes and with us into fam-
ilies of Smiths, Masons and others, reigns everywhere, in the Sudan as in Sawaiori,
in Basutoland as in Papua. Though each clan has its chief who figures as its head,,']
all important matters affecting the tribe must be submitted to the assembly of itsn
chief men. A Polynesian has a distinguishing name for each clan, which name is''
often borne by the head or chief thereof, just as Cetshwayo was often hailed by his
people as Zulu, as though he were the whole tribe in single personification, or as the
Swazi king might be called Ngwane — Zulu and Ngwane being really the distin-
guishing names of the tribes.

The so-called 'Mosaic' precept has become curiously well known throughout the
race we are considering, for from top to bottom of Negroland and throughout the
numberless islands of the Pacific, the untutored gentiles are everywhere scrupulous
devotees of the practice of circumcision. Nor do they confine themselves to preputial
clippings for utilitarian purposes. The Tonga of South-Africa, in his pursuit of beau-
ty, proceeds to hack lumps from his cheeks; the Nigerian Nupe draws a couple of
gashes radiating down his face from the angle of the eye and the nose; while the
Papuan and Maori carves artistic designs on his own flesh from head to foot — all of
which cuttings distinguish the wearer's tribe as eloquently as does its name. The
Papuan women of the Admiralty Islands have the habit of burning "round indenta-
tions into the flesh over the body in rows and designs"; the Zulu damsel burns
round scars in hers, in that she takes a pinch of dry cow-dung, drops it carefully—*"'
here and there on her arm, surmounts the whole with a tiny live cinder, and receives
a gradual roasting of the spot of flesh beneath, which, when healed, she calls a beau-
tiful little iMviir^dliza.

So soon "as the aforesaid Zulu damsel has attained the event of puberty, her\
girl-companions from all the surrounding kraals assemble in force, hold a great dance, *
accompanied by many unspeakable ceremonies; her Polynesian sister celebrates the
same auspicious occasion, but in a great demonstration of feasting.

This over, the damsel is saleable, or, as we should say, marriageable. A blush-
ing Papuan comes along, bearing a pig and some feathers, purchases her right off
from her father's hands, and takes her home with him. A Zulu swain could only
obtain the same commodity after a payment of ten head of cattle. Once married, the
lady-love speedily discovers the contemptuousness of her position, when, both in
Rantuland and New-Guinea, she is compelled to eat apart from the male thing and
that which his capacious belly could find no room for. Aye, she is even required, be
she in Kaffraria or Australia, actually to refrain from ever naming the relations of
her master — so to be venerated is he and they. Verily, this would be a serious
taking of the name of the lord in vain.

But the burned cicatrices of the Papuan bride, do not commend themselves as
beautiful to her sister in Polynesia. This latter seeks about for red-ochre and colours
therewith her flowing tresses, for all the world as though she had learned the trick from
some red top-knotted Zulu umfazi, or buxom Kafiress from the Old Colony, who,
however, would prefer to redden her whole body, blanket included.

18"

Needless to say, the Papuan and African alike sees that most of the work is
done by the breeding and labour-machine, called a bride, which he has recently pur-
chased, so to say, for hard cash. With a strange similarity of generous feeling, he
everywhere condescends to build the hut, to tend any stock where such may be
possessed, to go a-hunting, and now and then do a little necessary war-waging; but
the cultivation of the fields, the rearing of the family, the general management of the
household, even to the making of its eating-pots and sleeping-mats, all pertains to the
female department. True, a lavish nature often provides Negro and Polynesian alike
with such an abundance of gourds or calabashes suitable for water and beer-vessels,
that nothing better requires to be made. The African pottery of to-day is often in
shape and pattern strongly similar to vessels made in the East, and the simple earthen
pots nowadays common in every Zulu kraal are almost identical with those used in
Egypt at a period 6,000 years ago.

Soon, however, the bride becomes a mother; but that doesn't trouble her much,
for infanticide is quite an institution throughout Polynesia; and should it be twins
in Zululand, the mother makes no bones about summarily demolishing the party who
arrived last.

The domestic life of the Negro-Papuan family demands no feather beds, but
what is deemed a suitable substitution has been provided in the shape of rush-mats
and wooden head-rests, oftentimes strongly reminiscent of such as were used among
the Ancient Egyptians. Bows and arrows, spears and shields are the universal wea-
pons of the race. The Papuan fights his enemy by fixing pointed pieces of bamboo
along the path by which he will travel; the Zulu wages war with the wild-beast by
fixing sharp-pointed stakes in an upright position at the bottom of a pit into which
the animal will fall.

At length one or other of the merry couple gets sick. Everywhere alike is the

I reason of the break-down ascribed to witchcraft or spirits, for a death occurring at

any time before the age of senile decay is with these people 'unnatural.' But there

'■ is an elaborate provision of magic capable of meeting any emergency. Omens in

endless variety indicate the coming evil beforehand. Diviners are at hand able, for a

I consideration, to discover the most secret machinations of any evil-one, corporeal or

spiritual. Charms are purchasable against every ill, to bring every good. Go where

you will through Africa, Melanesia or the Isles of the Pacific, the same state of things

prevails. The fetichism of the Negro is the religious abstinence or ukvrzila of the

. Zulus, and both are other forms of the tabu of the Polynesian. And very often the

doctor in New Guinea will 'extract' the afflicting disease in a visible form, in the

shape of tiny particles of wood or stone apparently taken from the flesh of the

sufferer, as though he and his Zulu confrere had gone through their course in the

one school of medicine, for this latter also practises similar methods of treatment.

Yet, generally speaking, in spite of every effort, the party dies. But not as a
dog; his spirit continues living still. In Kafirland it is supposed to be out on the
veldt until, some few months after the burial, it is brought or enticed to come home
by the slaughter of a beast in its honour. In New Guinea there is also a little feast-
ing to be done after a person's demise. His spirit too comes back; but instead of
assuming the form of a snake, as it does with the Zulus, it enters, if of a father,
straight away into the soul of a son, or, if of a mother, into that of a daughter.

Should, however, a wife have had the fortune to survive her husband, she
stands a strong chance of being 'entered into', as the Zulu says, by his remaining
brother, under the pretence of this latter kindly completing on his behalf the duty of
propagating the species. This is another 'Mosaic' precept that was probably the
universal custom of the race throughout Africa, Melanesia and Oceania, long before
iVIoses was born.

The fear and propitiation of these departed spirits — ancestor worship, as it is
■often misleadingly called — is the key-stone of the whole religious system of the
I Bantu, Malaysian, Papuan and Polynesian peoples. The Bantus, as intimated, believe
these spirits to take up an existence within the body of several kinds of non-ven-
omous snakes. The Polynesians believe they inhabit certain animals and trees, and
accordingly such animals and trees become to them as 'gods.' The Papuans have
located theirs in the moon, where they are said to become unpleasantly active at the
time of the full moon. The moon strangely, also among the African Negroes and
Bantus, plays a very important role in their religious observances, although any
connection thereof with the ancestral-spirits has now become lost, that is, if among

— 19* —

them there ever was any. The change of the moon is a sacred period with the Zulus,
when no work may be done, nor pleasure-seeking indulged in.

Here, then, we find religion almost in its first beginnings and as conserved
till to-day in the daily life of the most primitive peoples this present world can ex-
hibit—a religion that knows no Supreme Being, that recognises only human agencies
now disembodied, transformed and sometimes quite invisible, by no means divine,
though capable of working much harm and therefore to be propitiated, and of be-
stowing many blessings and therefore to be supplicated; a religion in which every :
paterfamilias is his own priest, every home a temple, and every diviner an oracle.

In regard to language, true, it appears impossible, with our present small
knowledge of the subject, to discern any marked traces of similarity between the
speech of the Malaysian and Polynesian tribes and that of the Negroes and Negroids
of Africa. But this fact in no wise militates against their common and even close
relationship; for exactly the same phenomenon, an absolute dissimilarity, exists in
an equal degree between the various Negro languages among themselves, and yet all
of these tribes are manifestly most intimately related. As our knowledge increases,
the whole state of things may change.

With this we have reached the end of the first chapter in our Negro history,
and have indicated a relationship, originating before the period of separation, between
the African race and that of Melanesia and the Pacific Isles. We now enter upon the
second chapter of our considerations, viz. the story of the African race after its first
arrival in the continent. As before, we can do no more than speculate, basing our
theories on the scantiest of facts.

We cannot suppose that the originally immigrating race that primarily popu-
lated Africa, was exactly like or identical with any people dwelling there to-day, so that
we cannot correctly call them by any now-existing name. But as Sclater has found
it convenient to christen the land from which they probably came, Lemuria, we may
very properly call the emigrating people themselves, Lemurians.

Among the earliest to arrive were, we believe, a dark-skinned race whose strongly
developed simian features marked them as of the lowest among the human kind. Evi-
dence of such a race we think to see in the extremely coarse features of the Negroes
of the Guinea Coast, as well as in the dark-skinned pygmies discovered by Schwein-
furth, Casati and Stanley in Central Africa — a diminutive prognathous race having
a light-chocolate and sometimes reddish-brown skin, bodies thickly covered with hair,
in some localities abnormally large heads and faces heavily hung with whiskers, a
clickless language apparently always a simple corruption of the speech of the parti-
cular Negro or Bantu people in whose vicinity they may chance to be living (this to
be used merely as a means for intercommunication with strangers, for we strongly
suspect they have another national language for use in their own homes ), a race who
may be regarded as the African counterpart of the Asiatic Negritos. Each little tribe
of this archaic people wandered independently about the Central African regions, living
for itself, far separated from and careless of its neighbours, and developing its own
speech as it went along. There thus came into existence an endless variety of rudi-
mentary languages, having little similarity one with another.

At length — when, we know not — there arrived the last in the procession of
black tribes streaming into these parts from the eastern tropics; for soon the Lemur-
ian deluge was to cut asunder the east from the west for ever. These last arrivals
we may call the Bantu. We do not absolutely affirm that they were precisely the
same folk as those we are accustomed to call by that name to-day ; they may have
been, or may not; certainly they were the ancestral race from which they sprang.
One branch of them spread itself abroad in a northerly i. e. Sudanian direction, where
it met and intermarried with numerous clans of a much older and coarser people
whom it found there in possession. The Bantu type throughout all this region be-
came consequently deteriorated according as the admixture of the lower blood was
greater or less. Yet, while lowering themselves, they were raising the other race;
for they were the younger and more vigorous strain, and the accession of their su-
perior blood everywhere tended to improve the resultant cross and bring its physical
type ever more and more up to its own standard. But inasmuch as the lower race
was then by far more numerous, its speech everywhere swamped the Bantu out of
existence, save for a few stray roots here and there assimilated. And as this older
speech was itself composed of numberless dialects, the language of the new breed be-
came, not one, but several, according to the number of original clans. This mixed

— 20* —

breed of Lemurian Bantus with archaic Africans is represented to-day by the Negro
tribes of the Sudan and Guinea Coast.

The great puzzle in connection with these Negro people, and one which has
ever baffled the comprehension of the most eminent philologists, is their
language. Cust, the great collector of African and Asiatic languages, has clas-
sified nearly 250 purely Negro languages and dialects as already fairly well
known. But while the majority of these appear to present a certain similarity in the
one solitary fact of their being agglutinative, apart from this each one is distinct, and
unintelligible to those speaking anoflTer, and presents little or no resemblance, save
in one or two exceptional cases, to any of the Hamitic languages spoken on their
northern boundary, or to the Bantu languages on their southern ; so that Prof. Mtiller,
the celebrated orientalist of Vienna, thinks there to be "sufficient evidence to prove
beyond a doubt that the Negro languages cannot be derived from a common mother-
speech, but must have had distinct seed-plots." Others again, like Lepsius, regard
the Bantu as the original speech of the Negroes and the present medley to have
arisen as the result of constant crossing and re-crossing with the Hamitic languages.
The theory that commends itself most to our mind, is that we have outlined above.

The Bantus. While the one branch of the in-streaming Lemurians went off
towards the Sudan, the other half spread themselves throughout the remainder of
the continent to the south. There the}r came across another variety of archaic people,
dwarfs again, it is true, but now with a much lighter, yellow, hairless skin and a
clicking language which marked them off as a race radically different from that

darker-skinned, thick-lipped and hair-covered species found by the other Bantu party
away north. These they gradually drove before them, some finding concealment in the
impenetrable forests of the interior, though the majority retreated before the invaders
into the arid plains of the south. Although the Bantu did not so readily intermarry
with this strange people, those tribes who, by being always in the van of the march,
were ever in closest contact with the retreating yellow-skins, often fell victims to the
beauteous attractions of Bushman Venus, whom they took home in large numbers,
probably as their slaves. In this way, the more forward or southern Bantu tribes
had their blood and their language considerably adulterated by Bushman admixture.
The Bantus, then, are that portion of the Lemurian immigrants who preserved them-
selves comparatively intact from any intermixture with the very low-type aboriginal Afri-
cans, save at their southern extremity where they became in a degree tainted with Bush-
man adulteration. They supplied one half of the parentage of the present-day Negro
peoples, the aboriginal Africans supplying the other. The Negroes, therefore, are, so
to say, their first cousins by blood and, in place of habitation, are their next-door
neighbours, the Bantu occupying the whole of the African continent immediately to
the south of them. The origin of each and both is not to be sought in the northern
or trans-Sudanian parts of the continent, nor in any entry thereto by an Asiatic route

- unless, of course, we be prepared to shift the date of their immigration back be-
yond untold aeons, which, indeed, considering the probably immense age of man, were
by no means an impossible or unreasonable proceeding. However, with the means
and knowledge at our present disposal, we find in all the Asiatic continent neigh-
bouring on the Red Sea, no people and no language, no religion and no customs,
with which we may make any plausible comparison. They have, as said, a large
percentage of consanguineal relationship with the Negj&es, who, as we suppose and
have noted above, are simply a degenerated congeries of bastard Bantus. Along
the northern borders of the Bantu field, where the pure"" SIM "IWj degenerate
join, it is naturally difficult to distinguish any clear line of cleavage; but, generally
aking, the whole of the continent from the equator to the Southern Ocean may be
regarded as Bantuland. In the northern parts, the ruder Negro type and corrupted
language gradually disappear as we recede towards the south, and soon merge into
unadulterated Bantu. It is true that, in more recent times, the languages of the
north-eastern clans have been considerably affected by Arab contact; but the refinement
of physical features frequently exhibited among many Bantu clans— and by no means
only those within the Arab sphere of influence — we ourselves in no wise attribute,
as many have a thoughtless habit of doing, to intermixture with Semitic blood. We
find no historical justification whatsoever for supposing that Arab seed was so largely
and universally scattered throughout the Bantu clans, and prefer to regard the finer
type- as of purely home development. The same resemblance of features to the Se-

- 21* -

mitic type has been frequently observed by travellers also among the Papuan tribes,
the Bantu's brothers in Melanesia. At the extreme south, on the other hand, we do
find many plausible traces of Bushman or Hottentot blood, and still more pronounced
evidence of a considerable Bushman or Hottentot corruption of language. This is to
be regretted, because otherwise we might have expected to find there the least uncon-
taminated specimens of so ancient a speech. Howbeit, whatever is of Hottentot deriv-
ation in those languages is hall-marked with a click, and when eradicated, leaves us
with a pure residue of beautiful primitive speech — speech used by men long, long
before the Rig-Veda was written or the incidents recorded in the Shu-Kin;/ had oc-
curred, back away in the dark impenetrable past of which nobody knows any tiling.

This ancient and widely scattered Negroid race has no Native name by which
it distinguishes itself from other races of mankind, for it knows nothing of ethnology
and is utterly ignorant of any common origin or even mutual relationship. Ethno-
graphers have, therefore, for their own convenience, been compelled to invent one for
it, and after many attempts and much confusion, have at length universally adopted
that first suggested by Bleek, viz. Bantu. This appellation is merely an English adop-
tation of the Kafir word aba-ntu, denoting simply 'the People'. It is the designation
each of the Negroid tribes applies when speaking of itself as distinguished from any
other race or even neighbouring clan. Most primitive races, the Hebrews not ex-
cepted, seem to have the habit of conceitedly imagining themselves as 'the people' par
excellence, all others being merely abezizwe, 'those of the (outer) tribes', the gentiles.

This vast complex of peoples" termed the Bantu, comprises thousands of dif-
ferent tribes and clans, speaking hundreds of different languages. And yel an un-
mistakable similarity of physical type as well as of language permeates the whole
family. These multitudinous tribes are again subdivided into 'groups' presenting
certain marks of a still closer relationship and a still greater resemblance of speech.
Each so-called language, not merely a provincialism, resembles its neighbours in a
greater or less degree according as they become more or less remote from it, and all
the languages combined in one group have a certain common likeness peculiar to
themselves. The difference between the several members of one language group, as,
for instance, the Zulu and Xosa, might be scarcely more than the difference between
two strongly contrasted county-dialects in England, though here we have not simply
a divergence of pronunciation of the same speech, but a distinct language, having, it
is true, the great bulk of the primary or more simple words more or less identical
with those of the sister-tongue, but a further addition of sixty per cent or more of
absolutely new expressions, and having a grammatical construction in a slight degree
peculiarly its own. The difference between the members of one language group and
those of another contiguous to it might be the difference between German and Dutch
(European); and the difference between a language at one extremity of the Bantu
field and that at another, might be the difference between French and Latin.

Arabs in East Africa. Africa, until the other day ingloriously dubbed 'unknown,'
and yet so flourishing and renowned before even Greece and Rome were born! Its
history arises bright in a dawn of gold, and it would fain still lie bathed in this gol-
den sheen even at the noon of its present prosperity. Four thousand years ago there
were African gold booms just as to-day. But then the gold-market was along the Red
Sea, and Pharoahs and Solomons and Sargons came alike to add to their riches from
the marts of Sabaean merchants. Nor was it solely a gold-market; gold mines there
were, and gold magnates too. The magnates were the Semite traders, the Hiram s of
Tyre, whose ships had been crossing and recrossing the Indian main perhaps for
ages, returning laden with the precious merchandise of China, of Ophir, and of Ind.
And the mines, they were chiefly at Ophir and at Punt — Punt, probably a strip of
territory along the shores of the Red Sea, and Ophir, where else if not our 'Africa',
the Africa south of Libya and Ethiopia, the Africa of the East Coast?

What an amount of interesting information these Semitic mariners of antiquity
might have been able to tell us! And all is lost because they could not write; be-
cause they had no art whereby to preserve their hard-gained knowledge and exper-
iences, no literature wherein to enshrine it for the profit of future generations. Their
natural instincts were solely commercial, not philosophic. Yet, necessity is said to lie
the mother of invention, and commerce perhaps more than any other branch of human
activity must inevitably force a demand for some means of easy intercommunication;
so that we are not surprised to find that it was the northern branch of this same

>

- 22* -

Semitic trading race, the Phoenicians of the Mediterranean, who, unable perhaps to
invent a system of their own, were the first to adopt the hieratic signs of the more
classical Egyptians to the wider use of universal writing. But it was not born in the
Semitic race to initiate rapid progress along literary lines; whence it arose that the
Chinese, the Indians, the Egyptians, the Assyrians, the Greeks, had all, so to say, an
elaborate literature before the Semites had so much as commenced to read. Masudi,
the Herodotus of their race, arose no earlier than our own 10th. century, when he
found them with their traditions of a long-passed antiquity as hopelessly vanished as
those of an average present-day Kafir tribe.

That the Semitic people, however, had been already long engaged in maritime
enterprise along the eastern coast of Africa at the very earliest periods of the histo-
rical era is abundantly evident from the writings alike of Egyptians, Hebrews, Greeks
and Romans. These accounts, it is true, are deplorably meagre; but there is such an
universal agreement in their various parts, such an accuracy in their geographical
details, such a general probability in their assertions, as to command our accepting
them as evidence of true facts. When we are told by the Biblical writer of the wealth
of Sheba and Arabian merchants; of Solomon's large purchases from Hiram of Tyre,
and of his commissioning him, a thousand years before our era, to organise a Red
Sea fleet for the fetching of gold from Ophir; when the Greek, Herodotus, in the
5th. century before Christ, tells us how another such fleet, now in the service of the
Pharoah Necho, more than one hundred years before his own time, 'had the sun on
their right hand as they sailed round (the southern coast of) Africa'; when the
'Periplus' mentions the extreme limit of geographical knowledge being then at Prasum,
where 'the ocean curves towards sunset, and, stretching along the southern extremities
of Ethiopia, Libya and Africa, amalgamates with the western sea (or Atlantic)' — all
these details seem so exactly true, that we feel bound to credit them as a result, not
of guesswork or fable, but of actual experience, and that experience belonged, not to
the writers of those narratives, but to the Semite Arabs and Phoenicians alone of
whom they were telling. Much useful information has been collected for us on this
point by Bent in his "Ruins of Mashonaland"; and from it — from the historical
evidence of the Egyptian monuments of the 17th. century before Christ; of the
Assyrian inscriptions of the 8th. cent b. c. ; from the writings of Herodotus, of Ptole-
my, and the more elaborated accounts of the anonymous writer of the 'Periplus of
the Red Sea' in the 1st. cent, of our era; as well as from the eloquent and indisput-
able testimony of the still-standing ruins in Mashonaland, we find it to be absolutely
certain that the ancient Semitic people were intimately acquainted with these parts,
perhaps a couple of thousand years before even the dawn of our own history. While
another branch of their race, the Phoenicians of Tyre and Sidon, were digging tin in
Cornwall in Ancient Britain, the Himyaritic Arabs were grubbing for gold in the
mines of Mashonaland. Egypt, Babyion and Jerusalem were all lavishly supplied by
them with the precious products of their industry. But with the successive decline
of those ancient world-powers; with the transference of the centre of wealth and power
beyond the Mediterranean to Athens and Rome; with the consequent decay of the
Indian and African trade and collapse of the Red Sea market, the golden days of
Arabian enterprise were numbered and their name vanished from western knowledge.
East Africa, the Ophir of antiquity, like a lost invention, had to be discovered again.

And yet, despite the fact of their activity being no longer so loudly evident to
European perception and their wares no longer so conspicuous in remote trans-
Mediterranean markets, these Arabs still continued, though on a lesser scale, their
old-world commercial communication with the East Coast, with Persia, with India, and
even with China. In regard to Africa they had now altogether abandoned the hazard-
ous undertaking of personally extracting the gold in the remote interior, and now
confined their presence and their trading operations solely to the coast regions, where
they could easily get sufficient of all they desired brought down and bartered to them
by the Natives. True, they had lost heavily in point of wealth, but this was amply
compensated by a rapid increase of knowledge. No longer absorbed so completely in
the pursuit of mere material pelf, they could now find leisure to think and improve
their minds in the schools of Greece. A perfect galaxy of great scientists and illus-
trious philosophers arose to adorn their race, and for a considerable period of the
Middle A'_'es, their universities almost monopolised the learning of the world. Their
brilliant historians had not quite forgotten the pristine haunts of their ancestors away
in far Ophir, and they occasionally give us many a glance at things as they were then

— 23* —

progressing in those regions. One traveller, who, about 871 a. d., made a journej'- to
China and back via East Africa, supplies us with an easily recognisable picture of
our Kafir um-ngoma, or perhaps an im-bongi — 'preachers', as he says, 'clad in leo-
pard and monkey skins, who, with a staff in hand, speak of God (probably meaning
the ama-dhlozi or ancestral spirits) and recite the actions of their countrymen who
are gone before them'. The historian Masudi, a century later, tells of the coming of
the Zindj 'down from the north' and over-running the eastern coastal regions not
long before his own time; but this statement has reference no doubt merely to the
advent of one or other of the roving hordes of marauders so common at all periods
among the Bantu tribes. He mentions Sofala, and says that the Natives up inland
thereabout 'file their teeth (as indeed do the Hereros at the present day, as well as
other tribes on the Congo, Gaboon and elsewhere) and are cannibals'; that they foughl
with long lances, hunted for elephants, and wore nought save leopard skins. Edrisi,
the Arab geographer who lived at the commencement of the 12th. century, makes a
special remark about these same people being largely engaged in the iron industry
(which is even to-day a characteristic of the tribes of Mashonaland), and as preferring
brass rather than gold ornaments, although this latter metal was abundant in their
country.

The expression Zindj. as applied by Arabic historians of the Middle Ages to
the East Coast Bantus, reminds us very strongly of the Bantu root ntsundu, meaning
'dark-brown' and very often applied adjectivally by themselves to describe their own
colour. Etymologically it would certainly seem to be related to that word, as well as
to the Arabic sud, plur. of isivid, meaning 'black'. Philologists, however, tell us that
zindj is really a Persian word meaning 'black'; from which fact we may think it
possible that there were, not only Arab, but~also Persian and Indian colonies along
the East Coast during the early centuries of our era; although, again, it would seem
more probable that the word became affixed to the African blacks, not here in their
own continent, but in Persia itself, where no doubt a considerable slave-trade had
already been inaugurated by the Arab traders.

But here the feeble flame of history dies out once more and the African Native
disappears for a time from the scene.

Portuguese in South Africa. A few centuries roll by as a day in the life of the
world ; and the curtain unfolds again and discloses to us a coastal picture showing
the mouth of a great river, with four large galliots rocking peacefully in the anchorage.
The white-men from the ships have gone ashore and are busy in a kraal bartering
with copper for ivory and provisions, surrounded by some hundreds of black-men
dressed in skin-mantles. It was the 6th. day of January, 1498, and the bushy shores
of Natal having been passed just twelve days before, the great river may be assumed
to be the Limpopo. King Manuel's ships were riding in the offing, and Vasco da
Gama's mariners had re-discovered the Bantus in a Kafir-kraal! 'Sailing again,' con-
tinues Theal, in his "Portuguese in South Africa," 'Da Gama next put into a river
which he named the River of Good Tokens, because he found there clothing of Indian
manufacture and a man who could converse in broken Arabic. Both banks of the
river were thickly peopled, and among the inhabitants were many who appeared to
have Arab blood in them. The river is the one now called the Kilimane . . . On the
first of March the fleet reached the Mozambique, where were found trading vessels
and a town of Arabs. One of the Portuguese, who could speak Arabic, gathered a
great deal of information concerning the Indian trade, of Sofala away to the south,
and of the gold that was to be obtained in commerce there.' Finally, Da Gama con-
tinued on his way to Melinda, where he obtained an Indian pilot who directed him
over the ocean to Calicut, and the problem of an all-sea route to India was solved,
Ophir had been re-discovered, and the Zindj or Bantu again brought to light.

Literature bearing upon our subject now becomes prolific, if indeed not of much
accuracy or reliability. Amongst a mass of matter irrelevant to our subject, we hoar,
in the year 1592^ of a certain horde of savages reaching the Zambezi from regions
beyond. Or tnese, one party, called the ma-Zimba, is said to have repeatedly over-
come the Portuguese forces and practically' eTflnguished Portuguese power along the
lower Zambezi, until these latter, after being thoroughly conquered, were glad to
accept the terms of peace offered them by the savages. These maZimba are said
by the Portuguese to have been a race of can_nibals. But inasmuch as the word atna-
Zimu and its cognates is a common Bantu term in the South-African languages^^x-

- 24* -

pressing 'cannibals,' it is just possible that the Portuguese mistook that word for the
name of a tribe, because we can trace no tribe with an exactly similar name anywhere
now in South Africa. Yet it may have been some Tonga clan still dwelling in Portu-
guese territory under some other cognomen, or, if we may make a somewhat fanciful
suggestion, it may have been the familiar aba-Tembn, in the middle of the 18th. cen-
tury still sporadically scattered through all the country from St. Lucia Bay to the
confines of Xosaland. A letter z in the Bantu languages often becomes changed into
a /, and this especially under tekeza influence, of which speech this transmutation is
a marked peculiarity. Then, in all the accounts of the Natives left us by the survivors
of early shipwrecks, we find this people invariably called maTimbe or maTimba, never
maTembu. The survivors of the "Stavenisse" wrecked in Natal about Alexandra
county (Lat. 30-31 south) on the 16th. February, 1686, and afterwards found by the
searchers for them on board the "Noord," about S. Lat. 33°42 (or near the Great Kei
liver), stated that the chief tribes through which they had passed were the "Magos-
ses {i.e. amaXosa), the Magrigas (probably a Hottentot tribe — Ngqika, the founder
of the Cape Colony amaNgqika or Gaika tribe, being then not yet born), the Matimbes
(the abaTembu), the Mapontes (or amaMpondo) and the Emboas" (or abas'eMbo),
these last being about 450 miles roughly calculated in a north-easterly direction from
the Great Kei, that is to say, in Natal in the vicinity of the wreck. Other survivors
of this same wreck, and rescued by the "Centaur," after having wandered about in
the same regions, give the names of the tribes as, starting from the place of the wreck,
"the Temboes (probably the abas'eMbo), the Mapontemousse (the amaMpondomisi),
the Maponte (or amaMpondo), the Matimbas (or abaTembu), the Maligryghas ( pro-
lyl hly a Hottentot tribe), and the Magossebe" (probably the amaXosa). We thus
find our present abaTembu everywhere described in those early days with an i in-
stead of an e, thus maTimba, which is certainly very suggestive of the Zambezi ma-
Zimba.

Another of the hosts of savages then, in 1592, recently arrived in Portuguese
territory, was said to be the muMbos. Here at any rate we have a name that is fairly
recognisable, for we have to-day in Natal a large tribe bearing that name. This clan,
prior to the days of Shaka, was resident about the middle Tukela, below its junction
with the Mzinyati. From its manner of speech at that time, it would seem that, along
with the other Lala tribes of Natal and the Swazis, north of Zululand, it belonged to
the tekeza group of the Bantus. These Lala people, among whom the umu-Mbo (plur.
aba-Mbo) must have been an important clan, occupied the whole of Natal at the time
' of the Shakan upheaval. Strange to say, the Xosa Kafirs, in the Cape Colony, give
all the Natives resident immediately north of their own Xosa-speaking enclave, that
is to say, the Lala clans dwelling in Natal, the generic name of abaMbo, and called
their land i-Mbo. The Fingo refugees, therefore, were known to them as abas'eMbo
or People of iMbo. From this we should like to believe that, either all Lala clans
were originally called abaMbo, or, otherwise, that the present Natal tribe called by
that name must have been first in possession and have occupied a considerable por-
tion of the territory previous to the arrival of the hundred other clans afterwards
found there by Shaka.

Soon after the reported appearance of the muMbo people on this side of the
Zambezi, we read, in the year 1594, of a certain va-Mbe tribe living south of St. Lucia
Hay. The expression 'south of St. Lucia Bay' is misleading, but we think it reason-
ably applicable to a people resident a hundred miles away, south of the Tukela, in
Natal; although, if we accept the supposition that the name abaMbo was originally
applied indiscriminately to all Lala clans, there would be no further necessity for any
such stretching of the expression, for the Lala people were then probably occupying,
not only Natal, but also the whole stretch of coast-lands right away as far as Tonga
or Swazi-land. Theal thinks these vaMbes were 'for a certainty' the present Natal
abaMbo. Wha1 is certain is that there is no clan nowadays, nor was there in Shaka's
tin)'', dwelling anywhere near St. Lucia Bay with a name even remotely resembling
that given. The prefix va which the Portuguese narrators have placed before the
name of this tribe is interesting, inasmuch as it nowhere exists, as far as we know,
a- a prefix in any of the East or South-east African languages. But it does exist in the
ith-west African, where we actually find to-day a tribe, north of the Hereros, calling
themselves the ova-Mbo. What seems possible is that the ovaMbo of German West
Africa ami the vaMbe of ancient Zululand, were branches of the same family, and
that the abaMbo of present-day Natal are the descendants of the latter. These abaMbo

- 25* -

in former times, after their first arrival on the south-east coast, may still have called
themselves by the original prefix ovaMbo, which prefix, through long contact with
the Zulu-Kafir peoples, may have become changed into thai of these latter people and
appeared as abaMbo. It is even possible that the muMbo tribe mentioned as crossing
the Zambezi in 1592, were the same as the vaMbe found in 1594 southwards of St.
Lucia Bay. The appellations are taken from different documents by different writers;
one uses a singular prefix mu and the other a plural prefix va; bul in the Bantu,
omu is the correct singular prefix corresponding with the plural prefix ova. Thus
we have oimi-Mbo, plur. ova-Mbo, as the actual designation of the tribe now inhabit-
ing German West Africa.

In the same year, 1594, we hear in Portuguese accounts, of a Koinala-diin, whose
country extended from the coast south of Delagoa Bay for about 90 miles inland.
Though we are unable to identify this tribe, we see the name plainly enough in the
Komati river, running from the Transvaal into the Crocodile river in Portuguese
territory. May-be the Portuguese narrators got hold of the name of this river instead
of that of a tribe living thereabout.

Early Inhabitants of Natal. From the accounts already referred to as having
been left us by the survivors of various shipwrecks occurring along the Natal coast,
it seems probable that, in the 17th. century, that country was inhabited by people,
not of the Lala, but of the Zulu-Xosa stock, the former — its present occupants ami
who were found there by Shaka — not having yet arrived from their previous home
higher up the coast, as well as perhaps also further inland towards Swaziland. A
declaration made by ten officers and sailors of the "Stavenisse" wrecked about the
Alexandra county on 16th. February, 1686, informs us that the Natives they there
found in their neighbourhood, and among whom they dwelt for over a year, 'have
tobacco, and smoke it, and by good management its quality might be improved.'
Now, the habit of smoking tobacco is confined, among the South-East African coast
Natives, to the present Cape Colony or Xosa-speaking tribes. The custom is unknown
among the Zulus of all clans. It may originally have been a habit with the Lalas,
and which they only lost during the years of homeless wandering and famine caused
by their persecution by Shaka. Yet we doubt it, inasmuch as there are absolutely no
signs of it now visible, nor any tradition that it ever was so. Again, the survivors
of the English ship "Good Hope" wrecked at Port Natal on the 17th. May, 1685,
relate of a 'chief there, named Ingoose. ' And on the 4th. December, 1689, the captain
of the galliot "Noord," acting unaer instructions from the Dutch Government at the
Cape, purchased the bay of Natal and some surrounding land 'from the chief, or so-
called Tngose. ' The word designating 'a chief in the Zulu-Xosa group of languages
is inkosi; hut such a word is unknown to the speech of the present-day Natal Lalas,
who belong to another ethnological group, and whose word for 'a chief was ihosi
and iyosi, which expressions neither an Englishman nor a Dutchman could ever hear
and then write as ingose. It is, of course, just possible that the abas'eMbo tribe — of
whose reputed arrival in these parts we have already related — were at that time
actually inhabiting Natal and that they possessed this word for 'a chief in their
language; although, if, as we have merely surmised, they had any close relationship
with the South-Western African tribe of ovaMbo, such a close resemblance of speech
with the Zulu-Xosa group was scarcely to be expected. And then, again, the Natal
eMbo tribe does not smoke tobacco; so that all the circumstances combine to lead us
to the opinion that about the end of the 17th. century, there resided in Natal some
tribe of Natives, may-be the Tembus, which has since removed into the Cape Colony.

Another theory — and one equally as feasible — is that the Zulus were then in
occupation of Natal (the Lalas being in present-day Zululand) on their return course
northwards from Xosaland; that they subsequently continued on their way, dislodging
the Lalas, who wheeled southwards along the coast; and that the Zulus since then
have abandoned the habit of tobacco-smoking, just as they have that of circumcision.

At the beginning of the 17th. century, we hear much of the inadvalan-a (or as
some Natives pronounce it, ma-Tvaranga) tribe, dwelling along the- northern side of
the Zambezi, and with the monomotapa (the designation, now obsolete, meaning
really in our opinion 'owner of the mines, ' just as one would say in modem Zulu,
and with the same meaning, umninvmitapo ) or paramout chief of which the Portu-
guese, in their eagerness to become eventually possessed of the fabulous wealth sup-
posed to exist in his country, often came into negotiation and even warlike conflict.

— 26* —

But about the year tI59, we are told, the perpetual civil strife that had disturbed this

tribe, or more probably congeries of tribes, throughout many generations, finally cul-

I urinated in a total break up of the nation, each clan from henceforth launching out

ion its own independent account and some even setting forth to exercise their newly

acquired liberty in newer lands.

It has been stated by Bent — but with what authority we do not know — that
certain wandering Kalanga peoples came down into Natal about this time, or as he
-ays, in the year 1720. Now, in Natal at the present day we find no knowledge what-
ver of any such immigration. But we do find that territory occupied by numerous
clans whose origin and speech seems to have been altogether different from that of
the Zulu clans now north of the Tukela. These are the Lala people who, we have said,
were, immediately prior to their entering Natal, in residence, or at least a part of
them, in present-day Zululand, while others perhaps were more inland in territory
adjoining Swaziland. At any rate, they were the sole occupants of Natal at the time
of Shaka's invasion at the beginning of last century, and were commonly known to
the Zulus under the general name of amaLala — a name whose meaning often puzzled
us, until we were given by old Lala TTTUir'TTTe picturesque explanation that it was a
term, unknown to themselves, but, contemptuously applied to them by Shaka's people,
who used to say, ngoba belala benomunwe egolo. Somehow or other, perhaps owing
to their forefathers having been all but exterminated by the Zulu conqueror Shaka,
these clans, even though still abundantly in evidence in Natal (notwithstanding that
they have now entirely lost their original language), no longer possess any tradition
of their origin or their history prior to the time of the Shakan invasion. What we
do know is that they were a people famous to the Zulu tribes as workgrjg^in iron,
and that their speech, unlike the softer Zulu, belonged to that harsh tekeza varietyST
the Bantu, common to the Swazi and some other peoples further northT"""But the Ka-
langa too were, and still are, celebrated precisely in the same manner as great iron-
workers, and, moreover, many of the clans in the region of Mashonaland seem to us
to speak a language which, along with that of the Lalas and Swazis, appears to have
the tekeza characteristics. May, then, the Kalanga heard of by Bent ( probably from
some Suto or middle African source ) as having emigrated into Natal, have been
really these same amaLala tribes? South of Mount Wedza, in Mashonaland, we find
even to-day a tribe, industrious as iron-workers, and calling themselves pa-Marara
(or pa-Mglaia, as some Natives pronounce it), and the particular country inhabited
by them is known as mu-Tekedza. Is it, then, nothing more than a coincidence that
there should somewhere be a tradition of Kalangas having come dowrn towards Natal,
and that we should actually find there tribes commonly known to the Zulus as amalala,
and their particular speech said to be 'to tekeza''?

The statement that Kalangas once came down into Natal would be still more
intelligible and acceptable to us if it could be shown that there was some linguistic
affinity between the Kalanga and Tonga peoples. For there does seem to be, or ori-
ginally to have been, some recent intimate connection between the Lalas of Natal and
>ine of the widely-spread Tonga tribes. Owing to the scarcity of our information,
we could not indicate at present any likely spot, though we may say we have ob-
ved a marked similarity between the Shitswa dialect, spoken' by certain Tonga
Natives in the neighbourhood of Inhambane, and that of the Natal Lalas — thus,
Shitswa, imbywa (dog), Lala, imbwa; S. tihomo (cattle), L. itiyomo; S. ihosi (chief),
L. ihosi and iyosi; S. tinyane (birds), L. itinyoni, and so on. The single Lala word
imbwa for 'dog' is itself evidence of much. So far as we can trace, this root, though
almost universal in the more northern Bantu languages from the Swahili to the Herero,
nowhere else exists among the extreme south-eastern tribes save among these Lalas
and Tongas. Manifestly, then, the former could not have adopted it from any of their
present neighbours, but must have brought it with them from some more northern
source and that, to wit, nowhere south of Inhambane.

Such, then, was the population of Natal, at any rate at the beginning of the
19th. century — it was occupied solely by Lala tribes. The Cele tribe, under Diba-
ndhlela, was along the sea-coast about the mouth of the Mvoti. The emaNgangeni
were further inland, on the same river at its junction with the Hlimbitwa. The ema-
Tulini, then a large tribe and already long down from Zululand, was spread along
tin- coast between the M<reni and Mkomazi rivers, and for thirty miles inland. The
Ngcolosi were about the Kranskop. The Zondi clan was along the Inadi, tributary of
the Tukela. The Nyuswa tribe, divided into several sections — the Fuzes, the emaQa-

- 27* -

dini, and others — covered a considerable district of which the sources of the Mvoti
was the centre. The Wushes (now Bacas) were another large and much subdivided
tribe, inhabiting all the country between Maritzburg and the Karkloof range. The
emaKuzeni under Ngonyama, with their relations the enTlangwini, were aboul the
Bushman River where it joins the Tukela and thence over ami away towards the M/.\-
nyati. The Mapumulo were between the Hlimbitwa and the Tukela, ami nearly a hun-
dred other small clans were scattered everywhere about from the Drakensberg to the
sea, until at length the infamous Shaka came and destroyed them all. Then they each
had their own chieftain and all spoke a like tekeza language; and if to-day they all
speak the Zulu tongue, it is only because it became forced upon their young men. tin-
grandfathers of the present generation, at the time of their universal captivity and in-
corporation into the Zulu army by Shaka during the first thirty years of last century.

General Distribution of the Tribes in South-Africa at the Commencement of Zulu
History. At the end of the 18th. century, just previous to the general social convulsion
referred to as having been caused among the tribes by Shaka, the South-African con-
tinent was peopled roughly as follows. The western portion of the sub-continent, in-
cluding the further half of the Cape Colony, German West Africa and the Kalahari
Desert, was inhabited mainly by Hottentot and Bushman tribes. Four groups of sub-
races of the Bantu stock held the rest of the continent. In the great central plateau,
including Orangia, Basutoland, the Transvaal, Bechuanaland, parts of Rhodesia, even
as far away as the Upper Zambezi, were various kindred tribes, all speaking markedly
similar languages and all classed together as the Suto, or Chwana, group. The re-
maining eastern portion of the sub-continent was confusedly divided between other
groups or varieties of the Bantu. In the north-eastern corner was a portion of the
Tonga race, comprising Tshwekes or Tshopis, Ntlengas, and others — a race found
scattered sporadically about the continent as far as the western shores of Lake Nyasa
and the neighbourhood of Rotseland on the Upper Zambezi. Then there was' the

Igk&ui group (so called from the abundance of dental sounds in its language), in-
cluding the Swazis, the Hlubis j originally in the eastern Transvaal), and the numer-
ous Lala clans of Natal, all probably of the like origin and speaking mere dialects of

the one tongue. Perhaps only a hundred years before the period here referred to, it
seems probable that all these £e&e.ar«-speaking peoples were united in one solid block
stretching from Swaziland to the coast and thence away southwards, all along the sea-
belt, as far as the confines of Kafirland at the Mziinkulu. As witness to this, we
have the traditions of some of the Natal Lala clans that they really did originally live
in the coastal districts of what is now Zululand e. g. the tradition of the emaTulini
tribe of Mnini that they formerly dwelt about the Mhlatuze in Zululand (and who
are therefore probably responsible for naming the river near Durban, about which
they subsequently settled, as the Mhlatuzana or Small Mhlatuze), or the tradition
of the Bacas or Wushes that, upon their expulsion by some enemy from their old
home in Zululand, they hid in the Ngojre forest, north of the Lower Mlalazi. Fin-
ally, southward of all, and filling the whole eastern half of the present Cape Colony,
was the Kafir race, including the Ngqikas, the Gcalekas, the Bomvanas, the Tembus,
the Mpondos, and others.

The Early Clans of Zululand. In amidst the tekeza enclave, and cut off from
their next-of-kin, the Kafirs of the Cape, by the Lala clans of Natal, was another
smaller portion of the last-mentioned Kafir group. These may have been left behind
by the Xosa or Cape Colonial company on their common downward march from more
northern parts (the Natal tekeza Natives having meanwhile thrust themselves in be*
tween the two parties, since we believe the Kafir party was the first on the scene), or
they may have subsequently returned along their former course and settled down
amidst the tekeza, tribes, just as others of their family did again in more recent days
when Mzilikazi conquered Matebeleland and Manukuza gave Central Africa its terrible
freebooters, the abaNgoni and the waTuta. These Kafir clans, at the period here re-
ferred to, viz. at the end of the 18th. century, occupied the whole of the country now
known as Zululand, the Bacas and other tekeza peoples having already long before
cleared away from the coast-districts there into what is now Natal. There was the
Zungu clan along the coast beyond the Tukela. Adjoining them, and somewhat inland
along the Ngoye Hills, were the Qwabes under Pakatwayo. Neighbouring on the Qwabes,
on the further side of the Mhlatuze, were the emaNgadini people. Along the coast,

— 28* —

between the Mhlatuze and Mfolozi rivers, was the large Mtetwa tribe under Dingi-
swayo, with the Mkwanazi elan (merely an oft'-shoot of the Mtetwas, formed for the
purposes of intermarriage, and now under Somkele) between the Mfolozi and the sub-
Tonga emaNcwangeni, Mfekane, Msane, and other clans, beyond the Hluhluwe and the
Mkuze. Adjoining the Mkwanazis were the Ncubes about St. Lucia Bay; a section of
the much-scattered Tembus, under Jama, on the upper reaches of the Ntseleni stream;
the emDhletsneni about Hlabisa; the eLangeni under Bebe, grandfather of Nandi,
Shaka's mother, north of the middle Mtitatuze, about where Siteku's kraal now is;
tln> Magwaza elan also in this vicinity; and the Ntulis at the Mpapala. Still further
inland, in the Nkandhla district, were the emBuyeni clan, the Mavundhlas, and the
Mnomiyas. Southward of these about the junction of the Ntsuze riv^P'Wilir the Tukela,
was the Lala Ngongoma clan, and beyond these, further up the Tukela, were the eMbos
and Mdhlaloses. At the Ntlazatshe mountain were the emaMbateni ; north-eastward of
them, about Ntabankulu and the upper White Mfolozi, were the emaNgwaneni tribe
under the renowned Matiwana; and eastward again, beyond the Blood river, between
the emaNgwaneni people and the Newcastle district of Natal, were the large section
of the Tembus under Ngoza; while still beyond the Tembus, about the sources of the
Mzinyati or Buffalo river, were the very large Hlubi tribe of the tekeza stock, related
to the Swazis, and then under Mtimkulu, Mpangtfflfa^and others. Southward of the
emaMbateni, between the Babanawgo 4»ill and the White Mfolozi river, were the Bute-
lezis; while south-east of these latter, off towards the middle Tukela, were the emaCu-
wini clan under Macingwane. Beyond the Black Mfolozi, from the Ngome forest along
the Pongolo river towards the coastal districts, were the large tribe of Ndwandwes
or Nxumalos, with its off-shoot the Kumalos, under the famous chief, Zwide. Nearly
a hundred other small tribes were scattered here and there over the remaining parts
of the territory, and one of these, dwelling in the triangular piece of country formed
by the junction of the White and Black branches of the Mfolozi river, and closed in
1 "'tween the more powerful Butelezi and Ndwandwe clans, was destined to become the
greatest and most famous of them all. This was the small clan known as the 'people
of Zulu' (nearly related to the larger Qwabe clan down near the coast), whose principal
kraals were situated between the Mkumbane and Nzololo streams running into the
White Mfolozi, and at that time governed by a little-known chief named Senzangakona.

How the Zulu Clans were formed. It may be interesting here to note how this
apparently in the remote past one race of Kafirs became so numerously broken up
into separate triblets under independent chieftains, and in such a manner as to grow
in time absolutely ignorant of any common relationship between them. It is, and I
suppose always has been, the custom of Bantu peoples never to intermarry within
their own clan, all of whose members, descended from a common ancestor, call them-
selves by the same cognomen or isibongo (with is generally the name of that ancestor
or of his kraal), and regard each other as brothers and sisters. After the lapse, how-
ever, of about a century or more, the descendants of the different sons of an original
chief, now representing perhaps two or three separate branches of the same ancestral
stock, begin to perceive that their mutual relationship is becoming sufficiently remote
to permit of a desire for intermarriage between their respective offspring. It sub-
Bequently happens that a son of one house does actually become enamoured of a
daughter of the other house, who, though still a member of the same clan, is already
his fourth or fifth cousin. In order to facilitate this, and to avoid the aspersion that
he is marrying his own sister — for, as said, all members of the same clan are re-
garded mutually as brothers and sisters — a new clan-name or isibongo is coined for
that branch of the clan into which the chief or his son may be marrying. He will
thus escape being handed down to posterity with the stigma of having married his
i', and the particular girl, now possessing a new cognomen, will avoid the dis-
grace of having married into her own family. The two branches of this originally
one family will thereafter form different clans with different clan-names, and will
intermarry as though they were perfect strangers. An example of this we have working
out before us oven at the present time, when the children and nephews of Cetshwayo of
Mpande of Senzangakona of Jama, and those of Zibebu of Mapita of Sojiyisa of Jama,
two branches, therefore, of the house of Jama of the same Zulu stock, are manifesting
a mutual desire for intermarriage, to facilitate which the offspring of Zibebu and his
branch of the family are coining to be referred to as abakwa' Biyaha (the people of
Biyaha), which cognomen, or else that of Mandhlakazi, will ere long assuredly come to

— 29* —

replace the isibongo 'Zulu' as far at least as this branch of the tribe is concerned.
In a similar way in Mpande's time, another section of this same Zulu clan, or rather
of its emGazini sub-section, cut itself off for similar reasons, and called itself (after
the name of the kwa'Biyela kraal of a certain important personage named Xoko) the
'people of Biyela'. Another again called itself the 'people of Ntanzi'; another the
'people of eGazini', and many more, all of which are now coining to be well known
as entirely separate, independent, and intermarrying clans. And so it had been going
on for untold ages, and that not alone with the Zulu clan, but in an equal degree
with each and every one of the other Bantu clans by which it was surrounded. So
complete has been this dividing or breaking up of the original Zulu tribe into inde-
pendent sections, that the isibongo or clan-name of 'people of Zulu' has now become
in Zululand practically confined to the members of the ancient royal house alone i. e.
to the immediate descendants of Jama, father of Senzangakona. True it is, that we
still find a large number of Natives in Natal calling themselves by the cognomen
'Zulu'; but this arises from the fact of their grandfathers having left the country
during Shaka and Dingana's time and therefore prior to the formation of the more
recent sub-clans. These persons have, therefore, virtually 'lost' their caste; for they
can scarcely claim to belong to the same family as now goes by the name of ' Zulu '
in Zululand, which, as said, appears to be composed solely of the immediate de-
scendants of the chief Jama; nor would it be any longer easy for any of them to
discover to which sub-division of the tribe they really belong.

At other times it was private family contentions that broke up the tribe; and
in this way was it that, about the middle or early part of the 17th. century — if we
may hazard a guess based on their traditional genealogy — the tribe of which the
original Zulus themselves formed one branch, became divided. It was then ruled by
a chief named Malandela. whose wife, Nozidiya, gave birth to two sons, Qwabe and
Zulu. The mother, as the story runs, arid as is so frequently the case, hadlTprefer-
etTcIT for her younger boy, and on a particular occasion favoured him in the acqui-
sition of some stock, fine white cattle, of which the elder and less favoured son,
Qwabe, soon became jealous. Remarking this, and fearing the evil consequences of
some sinister talk she had overheard, the mother gave her younger son, Zulu, the
timely advice to move away into other parts, which he did, going off with his fine
cattle, and under the care of a certain induna, Mpungose, to dwell in the unoccupied
locality beyond the White Mfolozi, at Mahlabatini. Being the son of a chief, a few
retainers would naturally collect around him^-and other members of the family in time
adhere to him, so that a little tribe would not be long in forming. The elder branch
of the family remained below; and in order to distinguish one from the other, that
branch and its offspring went by the name of 'the people of Qwabe' and the up-
country or younger branch by that of the 'people of Zulu', and in time the
members of the two branches became scarcely aware of any relationship and
have long been freely intermarrying. What the original isibongo or clan-name
of the tribe may have been prior to the time of separation, does not seem
to be known; but in our opinion it was 'Gumede', nowadays retained — as was the
usual custom after such separations — as the isi-takazo of the older branch of the
family, the direct descendants of the original tribe, that is, the Qwabe people. We
can scarcely believe the old, original tribai-iTaine"T(V have become altogether lost; and
the fact of the name Gumede having been assumed, as one of his honourable titles, by
the Zulu king (and by turn alone in his section of the tribe), would seem to confirm
us in our belief.

Where the Zulu People originally came from. Now, inasmuch as the above tra-
dition distinctly states that the separation alluded to took place within the boundaries
of our present-day Zululand, and since the fact of the two already long independent
tribes of Qwabe and Zulu being still close beside one another at the commencement
of the Shakan period, verifies the statement — for, if the separation had occurred else-
where in any distant region, we should scarcely have expected both tribes to have
moved about the continent together and, so to say, arm in arm - we may safely
conclude that, as above assumed, the Zulu clan was already in situ, and not some-
where away in the 'far north' or remote interior, at least during the middle or early
part of the 17th. century. And since we hear no suggestion of even Zulu's father,
Malandela, ever having known any other than the same old country, we may fairly ,
believe that the tribe was still there even a good long while before that date. Pv

— 30* —

But where they dwelt anterior to that time; where they came from, together
with all the other kindred anmNtunawa clans — for this seems to have been the
original generic name common to all mose tribes of the 'Kafir' stock inhabiting this
portion of the sub-continent, as distinguishing them from the tekeza peoples occupying
the coastal districts and, in a remoter manner, from the amaXosa section of the same
'Kafir' stock away south in the Cape Colony — where, then, they came from when
the whole Ntungwa people, as is said, 'came down with a big corn basket (b'ehla
ngesilulu ), tradition telleth not. Nor is it easy to hazard a guess. Their remoter
history is no doubt identical with that of the whole Kafir section of the Bantu race,
with that of the Xosas and the Mpondos and perhaps, though in a less intimate
degree, with the Swazis and Lalas and other tekeza-spe&king tribes. The Bantu peoples,
Sir. H. Johnston has thought, came down from the northern parts of the African
continent less than three thousand years ago. It has been further surmised that the
original home of the Zulus was within the vicinity of Lake Tanganika; but we are
not aware of aivy reason sufficiently strong to justify either of these suppositions.
Ourselves we incline, as already stated, to the Lemurian origin of the Negro and
Bantu peoples ; and as for the subsequent wanderings and history of that section of
the Bantu family called the Zulus, we must confess ourselves so far absolutely unable
to trace anything, unless it be one solitary, though highly interesting, indication that,
at one time in their career, and that probably immediately prior to their migration
t<> these parts, they were 'at home' somewhere in the land of the water-goat. Our
reasons for this opinion will be found more fully explained in the Dictionary under
the word unijOmi. What may be exactly the limits within which this rare animal is found
in Africa, we do not know; but we believe it is solely confined to the north-western
quarter of the southern continent i.e. to the Angola and Upper Zambezi regions.

Dawn of Zulu History with the Flight of Ngodongwana. —Over the ages, then, of
impenetrable darkness we much reluctantly pass, and commence our narrative of
actual Zulu history almost with these our own times. It was towards the close of
the 18th. century that a quarrel broke out among the members of the royal house of
the Mtetwa tribe down along the coast. The details of this quarrel, as left us by Sir.
T. Shepstone and Mr. H. Fynn, though both obtained at first hand from 'reliable'
Native sources, are regretfully conflicting. According to the former, the Mtetwa chief
■ ]■'■<■ had, about the years 1785 90, appointed a certain son, Tana, to succeed him
oil the throne. Being however too impetuous to come into possession of his inheri-
tance, this son set about intriguing with a younger brother, Ngodongwana, for the
premature and violent 'removal' of their aged father, who now alone stood between
him and the attainment of his ambition. But the fates were not propitious, and in-
formation of their conspiracy found its way to the ears of their father, who, turning
the tables, immediately ordered their own death. Accordingly their hut was surrounded
during the night; Tana was duly killed, but Ngodongwana escaped. Severely wounded
in the back by a barbed assegai, he fled into an adjacent bush, where he was sought
for and discovered on the morrow by his sister who, after attending to his immediate
wants, lent him a strange skin-mantle, under the disguise of which he contrived to
'•-■•ape altogether from the district. He wandered away from tribe to tribe 'to the
south,' where he came into contact with 'whitepeople' in whose service he engaged
himself; and ultimately becoming possessed of a couple of horses, he wended his way
back to Ins people, 'sitting upon one of the horses.' The reigning chief, a brother
of his, fled before so ominous a return; for a horse in those days was, in Zululand,
- known and more dreaded than might be a lion. He was, however, eventually
overtaken and put to death; whereafter Ngodongwana was universally acclaimed chief.

Another account is that supplied by Henry Francis Fynn, one of the first batch
of Englishmen to settle at Port Natal in the year 1824. According to him, the Mtetwa
chief, Jobe, had not yet, at the particular time in point, about the year 1750, formally
appointed a successor; but two sons, Mawewe and Ngodongwana, of different mothers,
were both secretly aspiring for the position. The friends of Mawewe, the eldest of
the two, anxious to ensure success for their candidate, circulated a rumour that Ngo-
dongwana contemplated assassinating the chief. The latter, upon hearing the rumour,
immediately struck home at the root and ordered the execution of Ngodongwana.
But the attempt proved abortive; for in the attack on the kraal wherein this latter
was residing, he escaped. Being severely wounded, he fled into a neighbouring forest,
where he >- subsequently discovered, hidden beneath a tree, by a couple of the party

/

— 31* —

sent in pursuit. But these, as a second piece of fortune, were mercifully inclined,
and, concealing his whereabouts, reported that he had made good his escape. This
he eventually did, wandering from country to country, his father meanwhile des-
patching presents and requests to all the neighbouring chiefs that, should he appear,
they might put him to death. Finally, however, the fugitive reached a tribe ruled In-
one Pangane, who, although suspecting his identity, afforded him protection. There
he made himself generally useful, milking cows and so on, until one day he became
suddenly exalted beyond all expectations. Single-handed he had attacked and killed
a lioness that had been causing considerable havoc among the cattle, bringing home
as a trophy a couple of her cubs. He immediately sprang into fame as the 'brave'
par excellence of his tribe, with the headmanship over a portion of which he was
forthwith rewarded. A rumour reached him now that his old father, Jobe, was dead,
and that he had been succeeded by his son, Mawewe. And he had scarcely heard this,
when a still more exciting occurence startled the whole countryside thereabout. A
phenomenon having the aspect of a white man had appeared in the neighbourhood !
'Its garment, though so small as to be held in the grasp of one hand, when slipped
over the head, covered the whole body. On its feet there were no toes, and its heel
was so long as to penetrate the ground. It was mounted on an animal of great speed,
and carried in its hand a pole which spit fire and thunder and killed all the animals
it looked at. This was the chief of the diviners from whom all derived their powers.
At his presence the Natives fled, after having first killed an ox to be consumed by
him; and whenever he entered a kraal, beads and brass were left behind by him and
found by the Natives on their return.' But Pangane, the chief, was more knowing
than his people have been represented to be. He calmly awaited the approach of the
apparition and got it to perforin a surgical operation on his knee! This piece of
unparalleled bravery disarmed the apparition of all its awe; and when our ancestor
sought guides who would conduct him to the coast 'then distant nearly 300 miles',
Ngodongwana and party were only too willing to accompany him. Such a guide, with
two birds to kill with the one stone, naturally led the traveller to that part of the coast
nearest to his own people, who lived along the sea. When already nearing home and
within view of the sea, he left the traveller among the Qwabe tribe, which was that
next neighbouring on his own towards the south. There Pakatwayo, the Qwabe chief,
captured the apparition; 'and regarding it, not as a human being, but as a species of
sea-animal, which traversed the ocean in large shells, feeding on such elephants-tusks
as' ' Wight be placed for its convenience along the shore and leaving in return beads
gathered from the bottom of the sea,' he deemed it fair game for destruction. And
this was the last of the ill-fated umlurwu. But a happier destiny awaited Ngodongwrana.
He, having reached the neighbousr^robd of his own tribe, was duly reported to the
chief, Mawewe, his elder brother, who forthwith despatched a councillor to interview
him. The result of this interview was that the councillor became so hopelessely
hypnotised by the apparent omnipotence of this strange chief riding against them on
so marvellous a beast and bearing thunder and lightning within the grasp of his
right hand, that he unconditionally surrendered. He enlisted himself at once in the
stranger's service. He returned to the chief Mawewe and advised him to send out a
force against Ngodongwana. This was done and this particular councillor was placed
in command. He was thus enabled to arrange that in the rear of Mawewe's force, a
trusted party of warriors, admitted to the secret, should be retained, who, upon the
moment of conflict, would attack their former comrades from the rear. An easy
victory was thus ensured for Ngodongwana, who immediately marched on the capital,
but found his brother had already fled to the neighbouring Qwabe chief, who, how-
ever, was ultimately compelled to extradite the royal fugitive, handing him over to
his brother Ngodongwana, who had him put to death.

The story as related at the present day by members of the Mtetwa tribe and
still resident in the Mtetwa country, is that the chief Jobe had ordered his elder son,
Tana, to adopt the head-ring; this latter refused, whereupon a party was sent out by
Jobe to kill him and his. The hut in which he was living was surrounded and all
therein slaughtered, save his younger brother, Ngodongwana, who escaped witli a
barbed assegai variously located as in the upper part of the left arm, in the right leg, or
in the loins. Mawewe was another of Jobe's sons, who succeeded him after his death.

Ngodongwana's return with a Whiteman. Much of the foregoing accounts is mere
undisguised fiction; but the framework of genuine history, cleared of the embellish-

— 32* —

ments and distortions of Native exaggeration, will be readily traceable. What is cer-
tain is that Ng-odongwana quarrelled with his father Jobe; that this latter consequently
ordered the death of Ngodongwana, who, however, escaped from the attempt, and,
after leading the life of a refugee for many years among a strange and distant tribe,
ultimately, after his father's death, returned, riding upon a horse, and, having killed
his brother then found reigning, took possession of the Mtetwa throne.

But the point of central interest to us would seem to be, who this stray white-
man, or those 'away south,' may have been, with whom Ngodongwana is said to have
come into contact, and from whom it is supposed he learned so many of those ele-
vated ideas concerning the advancement of his own and other surrounding Native
peoples which, as a ruler, he afterwards attempted to put into effect and with such
tremendous, if unexpected, results? Both explanations, as left us by Fynn and Shep-
stone, seem unsatisfactory and improbable. The former writer, although correctly, as
we think, intimating a westerly or up-country flight, has supposed the traveller to
have been a certain Dr. Cowen, and, as one may conclude from his narrative, for no
other reason than that a person of this name is reported to have 'travelled from
Capetown in a N. E. direction in the year 17 — !' But if Dr. Cowen set out from
'Capetown' and travelled in the simple solitary manner in which this whiteman seems
to have been travelling, it would seem more than probable that he neither reached
nor intended to reach these parts. Without a large train of baggage-bearers, without
even a guide or companion, it remains a mystery how any traveller, much less one
from Capetown, could have kept himself supplied with ammunition, with raiment and
other necessaries, over all the hundreds of miles of unknown wilderness through
which this person is said to have travelled. And yet he had surgical instruments —
presumably because he was supposed to be a doctor! —and such an abundance of
ammunition as to be able to supply, not only himself, but also Ngodongwana! But
the account given by Sir. T. Shepstone is still more improbable, viz. that Ngodongwa-
na made the acquaintance of white people 'down south beyond the Great Fish River.'
For really it does seem too 'romantic' to suppose that a solitary Kafir boy, abscond-
ing from liis kraal, with absolutely no inkling of the mere existence of whitemen in
any southern region, should have found a necessity, in those lawless times when even
the bravest of men did never dare to travel alone beyond the narrow limits of his
own tribal district, to tramp aimlessly along southward over half a thousand miles of
unknown country, large tracts of which were totally uninhabited, and in which, wherever
inhabited, a peaceful living with abundance of sour-milk and pi'etty girls might have
been obtainable as an adopted dependent for the mere asking; to tramp aimlessly
along through hundreds of foreign, oftentimes unsympathetic and unprincipled tribes,
too eager to capture or to kill upon the slightest appearance of helplessness or resis-
tance; along a dreary, endless path which led, goodness knows where, certainly not
to a greater security and happiness than he might have had anywhere within the first
hundred miles of his inarch; and then finally, to re-appear at his home, 'upon ahorse
and with a gun,' and knowing all about Delagoa Bay (of all places in the world!),
with which Portuguese station he immediately proceeded to enter into an extensive
trade, 'sending there in the first year of his chieftainship,' as we learn from this same
Fynn, '100 oxen and a quantity of elephants' tusks in exchange for beads and blankets.'
According to Native accounts, this historic flight, now made so wonderful in the telling,
must, as Shepstone thinks, have taken place somewhere about the year 1785 — 1795.
and Fynn between 1750 — 1780; ourselves we should favour the former date. Now, at
that time the remotest outskirts of the whiteman's civilisation in a southerly direction
re far beyond the Great Fish River. Even that was a region then practically un-
known, save to a handful of solitary Dutch farmers and a few travellers; for the
whole of the East London and Queenstown districts were at that period still far away
in unexplored savagedom. The nearest military post, where in 1799 a 'small garrison'
was stationed, and the only place where anything like civilisation might have been
met with, was at Graaf Reinet. And this condition of things continued right away
till the year 1815, and indeed after; but that was a date already too late for our pur-
pose. And further, having been engaged in deadly warfai*e with Native raiders con-
tinuously for untold years, it is highly incredible that any whiteman 'down south,'
British or Dutch, would have had the temerity to allow a Kafir the possession of a
horse and gun. There is a palpable error in the direction of this Ngodongwana's
flight. The common Native, by whom these stories are generally spread abroad, had
gleaned from the crumbs of hearsay falling from the unapproachable royal-kraal's

— 33* —

table, that their chief in returning had come back from among some whitemen; and
whitemen appearing soon afterwards, not from a westerly, hut from a southerly direc-
tion, he very naturally assumed that these were the same as referred to in Ngodo-
ngwana's flight. In reality, however, his flight had been more probably in a direction
that brought him within the sphere of influence of Delagoa Bay. It will he noted thai
Fynn gives the name of the chief under whom Ngodongwana had been living as
'Pangane', and the distance of that chief's country from the coast as 'nearly 300 miles.'
It is our belief that in both of these statements Fynn was very close to actual truth;
for, in those times and under those circum stances, it was almost impossible to calcu-
late long distances correctly, and, furthermore, we know from his writings generally
that his knowledge of the Zulu language, in its then undeveloped form, was not such
as could enable him to write a Zulu name accurately. Upon making investigations
among the older members of the Mtetwa royal house still living, we are told that the
name of the chief under whom Ngodongwana found refuge was IVjDynkulu. aon of [Jji-
ngane. Now, Mtimkulu ka'Bungane is a personage about whom lfseems difficult to
Deneve there could have been any doubt. He was, at that very time, a well-known chief
of the great HJjjh^jtribo, of the Lala and SjWflfd stock. — the first 'foreign' i.e. non
ribe a fugitive would have come to i

Zulu tribe a fugitive would have come to if flying from the coast directly inland or
up-country, in a westerly direction. The Hlubi people were then dwelling about tin;
sources of the Mzinyati, in the Wakkerstroom district of the Transvaal, and the dis-
tance of that district from the sea wftufd be a full 200 miles by Native pathways -a
figure which corresponds very fairly, considering the circumstances, with that conject-
ured by Fynn. We know, moreover, that there was a brisk trade in elephant tusks,
hides, brass and copper rings, and beads going on at the time in Portuguese and
adjoining territory. Numbers of hunters and hawkers, too, were roaming about the
inland parts in search of sport or trade. What more probable, then, than that such a
one should have chanced to reach the Hlubi country and there to have sought a guide
to the coast? But the sea he would wish to reach was, we may believe, rather that
of his own home at Delagoa Bay, than that washing the shores of the Mtetwa domain.
Naturally, Ngodongwana would be acquainted with none other than the latter, and
would consequently, as well as for other and stronger private reasons, lead him to it.
From the callous way in which his 'guides' seem to have deserted him when approach-
ing their own destination, we consider it quite likely that they first took care to
plunder the unfortunate traveller of his horse and gun prior to leaving him stranded
in Pakatwayo's territory. There is, it is true, some difficulty attached to the fact of
the Whiteman being in possession of a horse if, as we surmise, he came from Delagoa
Bay; for it is hard to believe that horses at that time were in existence at that place,
and still harder to believe that they could wander about the adjoining malarial districts
without soon succumbing to horse-sickness or the tsetse fly. This drives us to opine
with Fynn that the Whiteman came up from the Old Colony and was now trying to
make for Delagoa Bay, or otherwise — and which, in view of subsequent events, seems
to us more probable — came on foot from Delagoa Bay and purchased the animals
up-country in order to aid him in his travels; for we think that horses must have
been already introduced at that time among the Basutos by the Griquas and other
roaming Natives from the Cape Colony.

That such a seemingly trivial event as that recorded above should have been
treated so exhaustively may well cause surprise to our readers. But when they are
told that this little adventure of the Mtetwa boy marked an epoch in South-African
history; that it was the insignificant spring from which started forth that cataclysm
of bloodshed and devastation which overwhelmed all this part of the continent one
hundred years ago, driving thousands upon thousands to homelessness and misery,
thousands upon thousands to torture and death; that it was the tiny seed from which
grew forth that many-branched disturbance of the Bantu race which had as its direct
results the foundation of the famous Zulu nation, culminating in the Zulu War; the
foundation of the Basuto nation, leading on to the Basuto War; the foundation of
the Makololo nation with its early dissolution; the foundation of the Matebele kingdom,
ending in the Bhodesian War; the driving forth into all quarters of the continent of
fugitive hordes of lawless marauders whose continuous course of ravage and rapine
stretched away even to Victoria Nyanza; and finally, that bringing of the Boers from
over the Drakensberg which resulted in the proclamation of Natal as a British Colony
when the reader remembers all these things, he will come to see that the Mtetwa
Kafir boy was answerable for much. Had there been no flight and no return of

c

— 34* —

Ngodongwana and no meeting on his part with an umlungu, there would have been
no Mtetwa military power; no Mtetwa power, no Shaka compelled to martial and im-
perial ambitions; no Shaka, no Zulu nation nor Zulu War, no Basuto nation nor
Basuto War, no Matebele nation nor Matebele War; nor would our own Natalia have
been born so soon.

Ngodongwana now Dingiswayo, King and Empire-builder. But wherever he came
from, this Ngodongwana arrived, not only with the mere novelties of a horse and a
gun -two wonders hitherto undreamed of in local imagination — but, what was more
important, with the idea of the civilisation and militarism which those things signified;
lor he immediately set about busying himself alike with the arts of peace as with the
arts of war. The stray Whitcman, upon learning that his guide was none other than
a greal chief, at least prospectively, no doubt conceived the philanthropic desire of
instilling some more elevated ideals into his savage breast, informing him how coun-
tries were governed and peoples ruled where he came from, and how much better it
would be to introduce the same system here. And Ngodongwana, though probably
utterly thankless for the advice, yet was taking it all in, and, upon the first oppor-
tunity, proceeded to act upon it. The Whiteman's advice had had reference to com-
merce, and he had instructed his pupil how a start could be made; it had had refer-
ence to the army, and he had supplied him with an improved plan of organisation
and usefulness. Ngodongwana therefore at once set about opening up trade with
Delagoa Bay ; he established home industries for the dressing of skin-mantles, the
weaving of baskets and the manufacture of articles of furniture, and generally sought
to inspire his people with an ambition for a higher social state. But all this was
subsidiary to the matter of prime importance, the superior military power of his own
tribe. In his corner of the world, right was only held by virtue of might; and he
had the greatest peace who was the most powerful. As we have already noted, the
country thereabout was at that time filled with numerous small independent clans
who had a natural weakness — no less apparent in their descendants of the present
day — for submitting all their petty disputes to the arbitrament of arms. True, this
seldom amounted to a genuine battle, and war-waging on a large scale was, in those
'good old times', unknown. It was mere faction-fighting, in which a few might meet
their death, but no atrocities would be committed. Beginning as it did and ending
in a single day, the victors would consider themselves amply rewarded in having
dealt their adversaries the merited punishment and enriched themselves with a few
cattle or prisoners, mostly females, subsequently to be redeemed by a stock-ransom.
But Ngodongwana — now, since his return, named Dingiswayo, which, being interpreted,
means 'he who was made be at a loss as to what to do' — regarded this incessant
petty fighting as a symptom of general unruliness; and, with the object of bringing
order into chaos, he determined to constitute himself so powerful a policeman, that
none would be able to dispute his word. He accordingly marshalled the whole dis-
orderly mass of men over whom he found himself ruling into a systematic fighting-
force, incorporating them, in quite a novel manner, into separate, picturesquely adorn-
ed and fancifully named regiments, according to their various ages. Imbued, then,
with a rejuvenated consciousness of martial superiority, his warriors were not long
in seeking to try their fortune with the disorganised fighting-crowds of neighbouring
clans. The success that attended their arms was immediately apparent, and very soon
Dingiswayo became the most powerful monarch in all those parts.

The system followed by Dingiswayo differed radically from that of Shaka. Being
by nature more humane and by training more refined, his policy was not, like that
of the latter, to incorporate or destroy: it was simply to conquer and then rule in a
patriarchal fashion in the interests of peace and good order. It sufficed him to bring
his adversary to subjection, and as a witness thereto, as a chastisement or lesson, to
allow his warriors to sojourn a while in the enemy's land, living on their crops,
though leaving their chief, their women and their cattle untouched. It is related that
'on one occasion he captured the whole of Pakatwayo's (chief of the Qwabe's) house-
hold, wives, daughters and other woman; he ordered them to be brought before him,
and directed a dance in their presence, in which he personally performed; he then
allowed them to go to their homes, telling them he fought with men, not women, and
when men were obliged to leave their women to the enemy, it was a sign that they
wejv beaten ! '

In this comparatively humane way, he overcame, at times by actual force, at

35*

times by mere prestige, first the emaNgadini elan in his vicinity; then the Qwabes
to the south, and, continuing indefinitely forward towards inland, (he eLangeni, the
emaNtshalini, the Tembus, and almost all those tribes within striking distance of his
sphere of influence, including the little Zulu elan between the Black and White Mfolozi.
It might render our narrative" more intelligible it', at this point, we insert a gen-
ealogical table of the line of Mtctwa chiefs, together with their approximate dates of
birth —the calculation being made on a basis of twenty-five years to a generation of
eldest-sons (not great-sons) of chiefs: -

Simamana-wongwe (b. 1600 A. D.).

Xaba

I
Madango

(b. 1625).
(b. 1650).

Mkayi or Mkali (b. 1675).
Jobe (b. 1710).

Shangana (b. 1735).

Dingiswayo (b. 1770).

Madipa Mbiya or Mbila (b. 1760).

I
Myandeya or Mlandela (b, 1785).

Sokwetshata (b. 1850).

Somveli Ndabayake (b. 1805).
Mafiti (b. 1840).

Senzangakona and Shaka, his son. The history of the Zulu people having been
preserved for us in the every-day conversation of each old man and woman for the
past century or more, we do not presume to offer our readers anything very original
and new. Here are no startling novelties and unfamiliar facts to be unearthed by a
diligent historian from musty folios on the back shelves of mediaeval libraries. The
Zulu clan or the few kraals comprising it were, as already stated, about the end of the
18th. century, ruled by a petty chieftain named Senzangakona, born probably about
the year 1760, and a son of Jama, of Ndaba, of Punga, of Mageba, of Zulu, of Mala-
ndela by his wife Nozidiya. aSTthat was in the 'good old times', memories of which
still linger in the tribal amaHubo, when each clan, numbering but the few families
gathered round its headman, was self-contented and unambitious; when a periodical
fight amply satisfied all their warlike proclivities and settled all their mutual mis-
understandings, 'a day being fixed beforehand when the men of the rival tribes met
in battle and settled their dispute then and there; when they did not fight to shed
blood, or burn houses, or capture cattle, or destroy each other, but to settle a quarrel
and see which was the strongest; when the women looked on while the men fought,
and the young warriors, whose addresses had been paid to the girls of the other
tribe, sent home their shields from the field of battle by their friends, and returned
with their late foes to prosecnte their love suits; when an army never slept away
from its home, and the sun that saw tribes fight never set till their quarrel was end-
ed.' Senzangakona would have the audacity to lead his little force against his neigh-
bours the Butelezis. Pungashe, their chieftain, would capture him and immediately
release him for a ransom. Macingwane, of the emaCunwini clan, would have a passage
at arms with the Zulus, would as before carry off their chief, whereupon the faithful
men of Senzangakona would repair with an offering of cattle to their enemy's kraal
and bring home their stolen chief.

The home of this latter was at a place called Nobamba, between the Ntuzuma
and Nzololo streams, running into the White Mfolozi. Senzangakona is reported by
Natives intimately related with the family, to have had 'about ten' formally mar-
ried wives, notwithstanding that Isaacs, one of the pioneers of Port Natal, asserts,
with the usual weakness for exaggeration, that he was blessed, or otherwise, with
'thirty wives and innumerable concubines.' His first wife, Fudukazi, daughter of Cele,
was the mother of Mzintlanga, the crown-princess of Senzangakona, but had no male

— 36* —

offspring (subsequently a younger bride— the fifth in order of marriage — named Mpi-
kase, of the emaQungubeni clan, and mother of Dingana, was affiliated to this first
wife, who, already so obese as to be incapable of parturiating, required the help of a
deputy to raise up a family for her). The second wife was a girl named Nandi, a
daughter of Mbengi, chief of the eLangeni clan, by his wife Mfunda, who herself
was the inkosazana or crown-princess of Pakatwayo, chief of the Qwabes. The third
wife was Langazana, daughter of Gubeshe, of the emaNzimeleni clan, who died so
recently as 1882. The fourth was Mzondwase, the mother of Mhlangana, and the fifth,
as said, the mother of Dingana. Magulana, Bibi, Mangcengeza, Mntuli, Songiya (the
mother of Mpande), and a couple of others complete the harem of actual wives.

The most famous of these wives must ever remain Nandi, the mother of Shaka,
who. as ' Xada the Lily', was destined to furnish a romance for antipodean posterity
and have her name, though somewhat disguised, pi-eserved so long as the fame of
Rider Haggard shall endure. Senzangakona died before having chosen a great-wife ;
which fact would lead us to believe that, at the time of his death, he was still a man
below middle age. Some say his heart was strongly inclined towards Nandi, and that,
had his councillors not objected, saying, 'we do not want so short a girl as the great-
wife of our tribe', he might have appointed her. But this statement does not appear
to be without some doubt. At any rate to Nandi a child was born, and he was named
by his father, Shaka — the derivation of which name, in spite of many altogether
fanciful guesses, must be declai'ed as unknown and unapparent. When about a year
old, the boy was taken, according to custom, to his mother's home down country,
there 'to be weaned'. Leaving him there, Nandi returned to her husband to whom
she bore a second child, a daughter named Nomcoba — two other children of hers are
said to have been miscarried. Shaka grew up with his mother's people of the eLangeni
clan until he reached the age of puberty. Here for some reason or other, probably be-
cause of his own disagreeable character, he does not seem to have been regarded as
a very desirable acquisition, and his days of childhood do not appear to have been
the proverbial 'happy times'. The bullies of the family, it is saicl, found great fun
in burning the end of the porridge-stirer and, when red with fire, offering him the
live cinder to eat, saying, Eat this, that we may see whether thou be indeed a chief;
or, when he might return from herding the cattle to obtain his midday meal, they
would force him to hold out both hands, extended side by side like a saucer, into
which they would pour boiling collops, and then compel him to eat, or threaten him
with punishment if he allowed the food to drop! The marked stumpiness of a cer-
tain bodily organ was also ever a source of persistent ridicule among his companions,
and their taunts in this regard so rankled within his breast, that he grew up hai*-
bouring a deadly hatred against all the eLangeni people, which hatred found its re-
venge when, now supreme, he attempted their extermination by impaling per rectum
upon tall sharpened stakes all such as he could conveniently lay hands on, and then
caused fires to be lighted below their wriggling bodies.

Hitherto, then, the boy Shaka had paraded, according to Zulu custom, in puris
naturalibus; but now, having attained the age of puberty, he must go home once
mure to be presented by his father with his first umutsha or loin-caverjng of skin.
This was a great event with Zulu youngsters and corresponded to that auspicious
occasion among our own, when they are permitted to assume for the first time the
glory of a pair of breeches. But Shaka even at this age must have shown himself of
a particularly unlovable nature; and appearing now in his father's kraal, after so many
years of absence, as a virtual stranger, he succeeded in getting himself so generally
disliked among the various wives and among his own brothers and sisters, as to
make his presence there no longer desired; and when he actually rejected with disdain
the new umutsha provided for him by his father, his insubordination appeared so
complete as to compel his mother to return with him to her own people down country.
He had, however, had enough of the eLangeni people, so she took him to her own
mother's home in the kraal of Pakatwayo, the Qwabe chief. But even there he was
not welcomed, and as a last resource she sought an asylum for him, possibly about
the year 1805, in the kraal of Dingiswayo, of the Mtetwa tribe, and at that time para-
mount chief of all the country round about. Here he was offered and, sobered by
past experiences, gladly accepted the regulation umutsha, and here he grew up in
comparative peace, advancing in bravery as in years.

In the old home-kraal at Nobamba, life seems to have been no longer pleasant
for the mother. Two of her four children having, as some say, died at birth, and

- 37* -

the only child, Nomcoba, now remaining at home, having at length got married
to Mlandela, a great-nephew of Dingiswayo's, and subsequently, in more modern times,
chief of the Mtetwa tribe, Nandi herself also bid a last farewell to the kraal of Senza-
ngakona and went to dwell down-country among her own people, where Bhe would
ever be within easy visiting distance of her two remaining children. Although Nom-
coba begat no offspring by her marriage witli Mlandela, her mother, Nandi, would
seem, perhaps before and perhaps after Senzangakona's death, to have given birth to
another son, Ngwadi, by a commoner of small repute named Ngendeyana, and by
some said to have belonged to the Zulu clan. This Ngwadi followed on the heels of
his half-brother, Shaka, into a premature grave; for no sooner had Dingana completed
the assassination of the latter, than he despatched a party likewise to murder Ngwadi,
lest perchance he be tempted with revengeful or ambitious pretensions.

Much gratuitous romance has been woven round this early history of Shaka
and his mother; but the above account, as more normal and natural, and as that still
preserved in the traditions of Nandi' a own tribe, having been given to the writer by
a grandson, still living, of Mbengi her father, probably reflects a truer picture than
do those stories of illicit concubinage, illegitimate birth, expulsion of Nandi from tin-
Zulu king's kraal while still enceinte or immediately after childbirth, and so on, as
supplied us by many other writers. Thus Sir T. Shepstone tells how Shaka, although
acknowledged to have been an illegitimate child, was suffered, along with his mother,
to remain in the Zulu chief's kraal, where he grew up to be a young man. But
owing to his arrogant manners, he made himself intolerable to the other of the chief's
sons, and, along with his mother, was forced to fly 'for his life.' He betook himself
for protection to the paramount chief, Dingiswayo, whose army he entered.

Fynn gives us still another story. He says, before the days of Dingiswaj'o,
circumcision was the universal custom among all Zulu tribes. But Diugisatayo, he
proceeds, ordered the periodical performance of this custom to be lfiLfaJJ in abeyance,
until he should have completed his plan of campaign and brought the whole of the
surrounding unruly tribes into order and subjection to himself. Subject to this or-
dinance was also the petty chief of the Zulu clan. Now, one requirement of the
common circumcision law was that no man, much less a chief, should marry before
the operation had been performed; so that the ordinance of Dingiswayo demanded
an unusual amount of self-restraint on the part of the young-men, and was particularly
irksome to such as, like Senzangakona, were madly in love. We are, therefore, not
surprised that weak nature succumbed to unnatural laws, and that in spite of them
his paramour became enceinte, 'much to the surprise' — says the account somewhat
naively — of Senzangakona himself. A son was in due time forthcoming — against
the law, of course — and was called Shaka; but his mother, developing so 'ferocious'
a temper, was driven away, and returned to her own country 'among the Amola (sic)
tribe.'

The above story, in making Senzangakona, the Zulu chieftain, subject to the
Dingiswayan prohibition concerning circumcision, consequently assumes that he was
at that time a very young man of at the most 20 years of age, which obvious de-
duction seems, in our eyes, to throw considerable doubt upon the accuracy of Fynn's
account, for we can scarcely believe the Zulu chief to have been so jroung, at the
time of Shaka's birth; and then, even before his meeting with Nandi, he had already
taken another wife, the mother of Mzintlanga, which, again and alone, is difficult to
reconcile with his not having yet been circumcised.

The truth of the matter would seem to be — and this is the tradition as known
to the older members of the tribes concerned still living -that the practice of cir-
cumcision fell into desuetude in the times of Jobe, Dingiswayo's father, and Jam a,
father of Senzangakona, and not through any action of Dingiswayo, much less through
any still more recent prohibition by Shaka, as is frequently stated; and, further, thai
Nandi was not a concubine, but a legal wife formally taken by Senzangakona, and
Shaka a son honestly born in wedlock, probably about the year 1785.

Senzangakona visits Dingiswayo, and dies. —Now, Dingiswayo, the chief of the
Mtetwas, under whose protection the youthful Shaka was then growing up, was also
the paramount over-lord of the Zulu clan; so that from time to time its chief was re-
quired to make his subjection evident by sending tribute or by a personal visit to
his liege-lord. Senzangakona had already at home heard much of the exceptional
bravery of his son at Dingiswayo's; how single-handed he had attacked and killed a

i

— 38* —

/

fiendish madman who had insph-ed the whole district with terror, had for a long time
continued to play sad havoc with the king's cattle and, having securely established
himself on a hill-top, had succeeded in driving off any force that had been sent
against him; how he was the wonder of the whole army, in that while they, in their
battles, would stand afar off and hurl their assegais at the foe, he, Shaka, would rush
wildly upon them and work multiplied destruction at close-quarters — an action at
that time so uncannily supernatural that the enemy, filled with dread, would invari-
ably become panic-stricken and fly. By such exhibitions of prowess, Shaka became
admiringly nicknamed by his comrades uNodumehlezi (he who causes things to hum
without oven stirring), uSigidi (he who does for untold numbers), and so on.

Although Senzangakona had not yet been called upon by his tribe to formally
elect a great^wife for the provision of a legal heir-apparent to the throne, or perhaps
had not yet attained the customary age for so doing, his heart, it is said, remained
ever firm in its old love for Nandi of the eLangeni clan, and he often informally
declared, in the society of his men, 'I have made my successor that young bull of
mine' with the little curled-up ears (meaning his son Shaka); he it is who will rip
out the tendons from the necks of the other bulls' —referring to the emaCunwini and
Butelezi chiefs whose people abutted on those of Senzangakona and, in their little
tights, generally got the better of him.

At length the time was ripe for Senzangakona to pay a personal visit to the
paramount chief. This he did and found, as rumour had stated, his boy the favourite
of the king and the pride of his army. Among other festivities, a dance was arranged
in honour of the Zulu chieftain, in which his boy went through a wild and astonishing
pas-seul before him. So delighted was the father that he made open deposition before
the paramount chief that 'this is my great-son who shall govern my people after me.'
The heart of Senzangakona — if it had ever really given expression to such a wish
In -fore the paramount chief — was now at rest as to having fairly secured the succes-
Bion for his own and perhaps Dingiswayo's favourite. After a few more days' pleasant
stay with the Mtetwa chief, Senzangakona returned home; but a short while after, he
fell sick and dj^ed, probably about the year 1810.

Below we give a genealogical table of the line of Zulu chiefs, with their approx-
imate dates of birth, reckoned on a basis of forty years to a generation of a great-
son (not eldest sons) of chiefs: —

Malandela (b. A. D. 1520).

Qwabe {b. 1555).

I

i

i

Kondhlo

Zulu (b. 1560).
I
Mageba (b. 1G00).

I
Punga (b. 1640).

I
Ndaba (b. 1680).

Jama (b. 1720).

Pakatwayo Mafongonyana

Senzangakona (b. 1760).

Soji}risa

Sopana
Njakaba

Sidumo
Sigcotshana

Shaka, Dingana, Mpande (b. 1804). Mapita

Cetshwayo {b. 1829).

Zibebu

Dinuzulu (b. 1870). Konela

This table is not given as authoritatively final. There is some doubt as to
whether Punga was really a son or a brother of Mageba; also as to whether Mageba
was the son of Zulu and immediately followed him in the succession. From Ndaba
awards the genealogy is certain.

Accession of Shaka. Senzangakona had died without any formal appointment of
a great-wife and onsequently also of an heir-apparent as known to, and such as would

— 39* —

be legally recognised by, the tribe. The consensus of opinion among the headmen of
the tribe was altogether in favour of recognising Dintruna. the child of the first
wife having been a female, and Dingana's mother having been affiliated to that wifi
hut, so that, by Native custom, he now held the superior position in the family. There
may have been a small minority, who, for personal reasons of respecl for the wishes
of the deceased chief or of private dislike for Dingana, may have favoured the more
unpopular candidate away in the Mtetwa country. But that enfant terrible did nol
deem even their patronage necessary; for, collecting such a small escort as with
Dingiswayo's sanction he could gather together, and accompanied by Ngomane, of the
emDhletsheni clan, an induna of Dingiswayo's, whom this latter had appointed to !><•
guardian over 'his child' —knowing, no doubt, of the opposition that was possible on
the part of his other brothers at Nobamba— Shaka, taking with him his mother Nandi,
set out for the Zulu home he had left so many years before, and, arrived there, without
further parley, assumed the dignit}r of kingship and, for about a couple of years, reign-
ed in comparative quiet and peacefulness with his own people and the world at lar

Another account, left us by Fynn, tells us that, although Shaka, upon his lather's
decease, sought the favour of Dingiswaj^o to instal him as chief, this latter refused,
saying, that he himself was now in authority over the Zulu clan, and, further, there
was Mfokazi {sic), an elder and legitimate son of Senzangakona, who had a prior right.
Not to be so easily defeated, Shaka at once conceived a plan for clearing from his
wajr this apparently the only obstacle to the attainment of his ambition. He accord-
ingly employed his half-brother Ngwadi, to assassinate Mfokazi; which accomplished,
the way was clear.

War with the amaNgwana and Flight of Matiwana. Dingiswayo, as the paramount
chief, naturally required that tributaiw tribes should from time to time help to fight
their liege's battles ; and it was in this way that, about the year 1812, we find the
Zulu forces, either with the sanction of or with express orders from Dingiswa}'o,
attacking the powerful Ngwana clan under Matiwana, whom they caused to fly en
masse from their aboriginal home about the Ntabankulu mountain in the Vryheid
district. The terrible Shaka had commenced to move, and this was his first act that
set the ball a-rolling; with it began that awful wave of bloodshed and devastation
which cast the whole of South- African savagedom into a universal turmoil of mutual
conflict and extermination.

The havoc caused throughout South-Africa by the ravages of this petty Attila,
Matiwana, was second only to that of Shaka himself. To follow him and his tribe of
roving freebooters throughout all their wanderings will cause us to deviate somewhat
from our course, leading us away, as it will, from the days of Dingiswayo, through
those of Shaka, even into the times of his successor, Dingana. Howbeit, it may best
be done, by way of parenthesis, at this point.

One's home is one's castle; and this tribe, once ejected from its own aboriginal
abode, had to fight for its existence. In its flight towards the south, it first found
the way barred by the very large Hhibi tribe, of Swazi origin, and then dwelling
throughout the whole district watered by the upper Buffalo river and its branches.
This tribe the Ngwanas in their desperation succeeded in routing, sending them flying,
some southward towards the Sand River, others over the Drakensberg into Orangia
and thence far away into the Cape Colony itself. Themselves the Ngwanas continued
their victorious march through the Newcastle division of Natal, putting to flight or
sadly mauling as they went, still other less powerful Lala clans of those parts, as the
Bele clan about Uinsinga, the Zizis along the Drakensberg at the sources of the
Tukela, the Nyamvus and Njilos about the Little Tukela, until, themselves tii
out and in a comparatively safe and secluded country, they thought to rest and build
in peace. But it was in vain; for Dingiswayo being dead, Shaka had usurped the
paramount power behind, and his sleuthhouiuls were even then on their track. < >nce
more, then, up and a-doing. Over the desolate Drakensberg flew the JJgwana hordes
in among the Suto clans beyond. There, on the Orangia side of the Caledon, they met
their old foes the Illubis, or a portion of them under Mpangaxita, whom they had
some years before "driven from their home on the Buffalo river. As was inevitable,
they engaged them in battle near Ladybrand, on the banks of the Caledon, overcame
them once more and killed their chief. The mountain tribes of Basutoland and the
neighbourhood were filled with dismay before this powerful invader. They consisted
mainly of about half a dozen independent clans — the Monageng, the Khwakhwa, the

- 40*.--

Tlokwana, the Ramokhele, the Phuti and others — and each fell an easy prey to the
conquering Ngwanas. It is said to have been their custom, as it was subsequently
of Mzilikazi, 'to attack a kraal a short time before day-break, set fire to the huts,
ami stah the defenceless inhabitants as they rushed out.' One tribe, from this
eastern side of Orangia, bordering on Basutoland, after having had to suffer much
humiliation from these Zulu hordes, afterwards, about 1821, taking a leaf out of its
enemy's book, set up the same kind of freebooter life itself among its own kindred,
and became famous. This was the Ntati tribe, under Sebetwane, who in the year
182o, having been routed by Matiwana ana driven beyond TTie"- Vaal, clashed together
with the Griquas near Kuruman, who drove them north, until after fighting their
course continuously through nearly a thousand miles of other Suto and Chwana tribes,
they eventually reached the upper Zambezi, where they built up the Kololo nation,
celebrated in Livingstone's writings. Sebetwane became the terror of all the sur-
rounding clans, whom he conquered and incorporated with his own people. He was
succeeded by his son, Sekeletu, who, however, died of leprosy; and, lacking a royal
head strong enough to keep all the numerous parts together, the nation, under Mpo-
roro, son of Sekeletu, fell to pieces. One of those fragments is the present well-known
I Jot.se. people.

But the Ngwanas remained victors only until another more powerful than they
- their old enemy, Shaka — appeared on the scene. He sent an army against them,
which, with its almost charmed good-fortune, had little trouble in freeing Basutoland
for ever from the plague of these marauders. From being vassals of Matiwana, the
Sutos henceforth acknowledged the Zulu king as their liege-lord and were wise
enough to send regularly forward an humble tribute. But the castigation suffered at
the hands of a despicable horde of vagabonds had not been without its salutary lesson
to the hitherto independent and mutually contending Suto mountain-clans. It showed
them that alone, they stand to fall, one and all; united, they might hold their own
against any foe. A leader and organiser was wauted and forthcoming in the great
and good man named Moshweshwe, himself not of high birth, who immediately pro-
ceeded to amalgamate the scattered elements, now sadly damaged and diminished, into
the one solid and powerful Suto nation we now behold. And none too soon; for
other hordes, equally warlike and strong — those of the terrible Mzilikazi — were
already on the war-path hastening towards them.

With Matiwana discretion was the better part of valour, and when he had to
deal with those stronger than himself, he never waited long enough to be appreciably
harmed. He could lead to a fight and direct a good retreat. Thus it was, after his
last rout by the Zulu army, his tribe escaped almost without feeling any weakness
from the attack. They crossed Basutoland into Griqualand East, and skirting along
the Drakensberg, came at length to the upper basin of the Mtata river, whence they
sent a thrill of dismay throughout the whole of Xosaland. The consternation they
caused among blacks and whites alike may be judged from a work written soon after
by Mr. Godlonton, editor of the Grahamstown Journal. He writes that 'in May,
1S2S, alarming reports reached the Colony, purporting that an immense horde of sav-
ages were approaching the boundary from the north-eastward; that the most sweeping-
destruction had hitherto marked their progress, and that it appeared very probable
the Kafir tribes would either be driven upon the Colony, or be speedily extirpated,
unless succoured by the Colonial power. These reports soon created some uneasiness
at the seat of government; and at length Major Dundas, and subsequently Lt. Col.
Somerset, were despatched against them.' Joined by the Tembus under Vusani, and
another powerful chief, Hintza, with a great number of his warriors, the British troops
moved against the dreaded and formidable foe. The Ngwana here received their first
ami last baptism of fire; for never having seen or heard a rifle attack before, 'they',
as the report says, 'were evidently unprepared for this destructive weapon, and hence,
amazed at its report, and terrified at its effects, some instantly fled, while others
threw themselves on the ground in a paroxysm of fear.' Safe behind the mountains,
after the battle, the redoubtable Matiwana, still bold as ever, though now a leader
without a host, is said to have addressed the few remnants of his wreck as follows:
"When we have fought with men, we have beaten them; but to-day we have had to
bank- with thunder and lightning. It is no disgrace to be conquered by them." But
tin- Ngwana power was broken, and Matiwana, like another prodigal son, set out,
humbled and alone, to return to his former allegiance. For nigh five hundred miles
he tramped disconsolate on through East Griqualand and Natal, through such deso-

i

lis
0,

— 41* —

lation and misery as he himself had been bringing to the poor and the weak for
fourteen years — to seek reconciliation and forgiveness! He had outlived Shaka, whose
days had ended in a fitting doom; and now, led on by a relentless fate, he marcheth
to his own. He found Dingana at his Mgungundhlovu kraal, and 'tendered his sub-
mission in abject tones, saying that he had now no cloak but the king to shelter
him.' Dingana having heard him unmoved, it was not long before he too was led
across the Nzololo stream and up the ridge on the further side, where the land was
quickly ridden of his unhallowed presence. As he had sown, so did he reap. This
ridge was ever afterwards known to the Zulus as 'Matiwana's' (kwa 'Matiwana
and immortalised in the vulgar curse 'Go to Matiwana's!' (yana Jcwa? Matiwana
that is 'Go to perdition!'

Shaka's new Method of Attack, and Conquest of the Butelezi Clan. But while the
banished Matiwana was spreading the first wave of disruption and mutual conflict
among the hitherto peaceful Lala tribes south of the Buffalo river and Tukela, Shaka,
the youthful Zulu chief who had been instrumental in banishing him, was equally
busy rousing up other strife on the northern side. He had learned much in the new
military school of Dingiswayo; but the methods and tactics there followed did not
commend themselves to his keener mind. The custom of hurling an assegai, mostly
without any effect, at a distant foe, was to him as though merely throwing one's
weapons away. This antiquated practice must disappear from an army so 'up-to-date'
as his own. To give his warriors an ocular demonstration of his new fighting-method,
he ordered two divisions of his army to supply themselves with reeds and then engage
in a sham-fight, one party hurling their reeds, the other charging upon them with a
single stabbing weapon. The onrush of this latter division was naturally irresistible,
an immediate and complete victory demonstrating beyond any doubt the superiority
of the new charging method of attack. The Zulu warriors would therefore henceforth
carry but one stout assegai (i-rrwa), and with this, under pain of death, they must
return from the fight, or alternatively remain a corpse on the field. Then, again, the
plan of fighting an enemy, as did Dingiswayo, merely for the satisfaction of exercising
a momentary jurisdiction over him by a display of one's present superiority, while
he, the adversary, was left easily capable of recuperation and future retaliation, was,
in Shaka's view, altogether deficient of any adequate gain, and imperfect, even dan-
gerous, as lacking finality. If a foe was worth conquering at all, he was worth crushing
out of existence once and for all. Whatever was to fear in the tribe must be eternally
removed ; whatever was of good and serviceable must be appropriated by the victors
as a reward of triumph and applied as a further strengthening of their own position.
In this way something could be gained and then held securely. Shaka's army, there-
fore, would charge the enemy, and when it fled in panic, as inevitably it would, they
would follow it vigorously home, kill its chief, and return with its cattle and women
as booty. Thus reduced, without a head, without women, without cattle, a vanquished
clan had no recourse but to avail itself of the 'clemency' offered it of securing a bare
existence by incorporation with the victor's own people.

Herein laid the secret of all Shaka's military success. And now a chief with a
little army all of his own, he was enabled to formulate plans and put them to the test
at will. He found himself hemmed in among tribes much larger and more powerful
than his own; and before a way was opened between these, he could never hope to
get through to those more his equals beyond. So he selected the weakest of those
surrounding him, though even this was a clan much larger than his own ; for he was
convinced that, not the biggest but the best battalions would prevail. The first step
was to pick a quarrel, which presented little difficulty; for the Butelezi clan was the
hereditary foe of his own, and its chief Pungashe had taken his father prisoner and
released him over and over again to quite a ridiculous extent. The armies accord-
ingly met. Shaka generalling his troops, as he was wont to do, in person, saw that
his system of attack was carried out. The result was a magnificent success. The
Butelezis were driven fleeing to their kraals; but what was their dismay when they
saw the enemy hastening down upon them even into the sanctuary of their very
homes? True, their chief was not captured, but he was forced to leave his tribe in
the enemy's hands and himself to seek refuge at the court of the very powerful neigh-
bouring chief, Zwide, of the Ndwandwe tribe, who only repaid his confidence with death.

Flight of the Tembus. Subject to the vanquished Butelezi chief was another
clan, residing south of them along both banks of the Buffalo river. These were the

- 42* -

Tembus under Ngoza, who suddenly finding their protecting chief, Pungashe, so
ignominiously defeated, considered it the wiser policy to place a greater distance
between themselves and this terrible up-start in the Zulu country. So they launched
out on a little course all of their own. They attacked the Lala emaKuzeni clan dwell-
ing immediately along their southern borders. The Lalas were defeated, their
chief Nomagaga killed, and their country annexed by the Tembus. These had hoped
to remain now for a time in peace and safety, and watch developments up north. But
the unexpected development was the appearance of the very Zulu army they so
i treaded actually bearing clown upon them; for the emaKuzeni people, wiser in their
generation, had, after their defeat, immediately set out to curry favour and protection
with the Zulu chief, whom they found only too ready to be given another tribe to
conquer. Curious to relate, however, the Zulu force was repulsed; but not before
Ngoza had learned that a repetition of their meeting were best avoided. He therefore
at once moved off southward, fighting his way as he went, straight through Natal
towards the Mzimkulu, scattering on his way the Wushes on the Karkloof, the
Ncwabes on the Nyamvubu, tributary of the Mooi River, and afterwards the Xa-
sibes about the sources of the Mpanza, and absorbing, as he did so, as many of
the remnants as he could pick up, until reaching the Pondo country, he dared to
attack their chief Faku, by whom he was completely overcome and himself killed.
This was the second disturbing wave that spread over Natal consequent upon the
unrest caused in Zululand by Shaka.

Having signally defeated the Butelezi clan, Shaka' s next course was the in-
corporation of that tribe with his own. The last of the independent Butelezi chiefs
had been extinguished and his people only escaped extermination by submissively
becoming menials in the Zulu chief's service.

Flight and Rout of the emaCunwini Clan. Elated by such encouraging good
Fortune and with an army now almost doubled, Shaka looked around for further con-
quests. He fixed his eyes on the still larger and more powerful emaCunwini tribe,
under Macingwane, dwelling in his southern vicinity. A casus belli was sought and
found, followed, of course, by the usual defeat, albeit the major portion of the tribe,
along with its chief, succeeded in escaping. They too passed over into and through
Xatal, taking a course still more towards the coast than that of their predecessors,
the Tembus. They drove the eNyamvwini clan from the Isikoto, a tributary of the
Mvoti, scattered the Ntambos from the northern side of the Mkomazi beyond
Richmond and the Yobos from the upper Ilovu, sent the Tshwawus, from
beyond Ixobo, flying before them into Fingoland, and finally cleared the Dronk Vlei,
above the middle Mzimkulu, of the Cekwanes there residing, and settled down
on the flat themselves. Here they were joined by the Bacas under Madikane, who
had been driven from their former home between Maritzburg and the Mgeni by a
confederacy of the eNtlangwini under Baleni and Nombewu, the Dunges under
Boyiya (afterwards eaten by his own people when they had become cannibals), the
Fuzes under Mahawule, the Beles under Mdingi, and the Gwenyanes under Noca-
ndambedu, this strong confederacy having been formed so as to ensure for the
confederates a successful escape to the south out of the way of the Zulu terror
impending from the north, and the first experience of which had been felt in the
forced flight of the emaCunwini under Macingwane.

But Shaka' s policy was opposed to half victories. He had fought and over-
come, but had failed to demolish the chief who had dared to kick against him, and
to eat up to his own fortification the remaining members of his tribe. This was al-
together unsatisfactory, and a Zulu army was forthwith despatched to pursue the
retreating foe. This force entertained itself on the way by working havoc among
the already sadly damaged Lala triblets through which it passed in Natal.

It finally came upon the fugitive enemy about the Ntsikeni Hill, over the Mzi-
mkulu, in Gnqualand P^ast, where the emaCunwini were thoroughly routed and their
cattle, their women and their 'very beautiful' royal girls, all captured and laid
at Shaka's feet. The chief, it is true, escaped once more, but this didn't matter, for
he was duly eaten on his flight by the cannibals at Elenge in Natal. His beautiful
daughters, Ntanyana and others, were alone a prize worth fighting for, and were
accordingly duly embodied in Shaka's already large 'concubinarium.' The question-
able pleasure of Shaka's company was, however, not long theirs, for ere long he
gratified himself by killing them off and so giving new cause to an undying hatred

— 43* —

in the hearts of the emaCunwini people against the Zulus. Pakade, the son of Macingwa-
ne, after the death of his father tendered his submission to Shaka, in whose army-
he was compelled to servo, and subsequently gave birth to his two sons, Mbelebele
and Gabangaye.

With these powerful tribes removed from his neighbourhood, a free passage
for Shaka's forces was now open into Natal. But it was just at this period thai
another piece of good-fortune, no doubt so long desired by Shaka, took place Dingi-
swayo, his own paramount chief, died.

Murder of Dingiswayo. It would seem that Zwide, the Ndwandwe chief, had sent
down some of his more attractive damsels, ostensibly with the purpose of seeking the
love of Dingiswayo, but really, as it was afterwards believed, to obtain semen vir-
ile, by the possession of which Zwide had hoped to gain a certain occult ascendancy
(according to universal Native belief) over the Mtetwa chief. For no sooner had the
maidens obtained the object of their visit, than they vanished and were heard of no
more in Mtetwaland. But in Ndwandweland the charm was immediately set a-working,
and inspired by its infallible powers, Zwide at once initiated an attack on Dingiswayo,
who was absolutely unaware of any such hostile intention, until Zwide's army was
announced as having already arrived at Hlabisa, on the Mtetwa north-western boundary.

Such is the tradition in the Mtetwa tribe; but other informants give another
account. They relate of a certain Malusi, a headman of the Ndwandwe clan, who had
had a grievance against his chief, Zwide, and had sought the protection of Dingi-
swayo. Some steps were taken by this latter for redressing the grievance, which inter-
ference, however, the pride of Zwide resented. Foreseeing a recourse to arms on the
part of Dingiswayo, the Ndwandwe chief anticipated the attack by immediately mobi-
lising his forces at Hlabisa.

However it may have been, Dingiswayo was taken unawares. He hastily sum-
moned his army, as well as that of his allies, the Zulus; but while these latter were
still on their march, at the Mayiwane pass, and his own army still a considerable
distance behind, he himself had rashly ventured forward accompanied by only an in-
significant escort. Here he was easily surprised by the Ndwandwes — some say, as
Fynn observes, upon information deceitfully supplied by Shaka to the Ndwandwe
chief. Howbeit, both armies received tidings of the disaster before coming in touch
with the enemy and returned sorrowfully home. The Ndwandwes had often enough
before been punished by the Mtetwas and had had their chief captured; but, in accord-
ance with Dingiswayo's humaner policy, he had been as often released; for, as this
latter would remark, 'he was my father's companion', and, indeed, Zwide had
even then as wife one of Dingiswayo's sisters. Now was a grand opportunity
for a reciprocation of his generosity, but — cherchez la femme ! — he hearkened to the
counsels of a crueller mother, Ntombazi; and after having lain for three days ignomin-
iously bound with cords in a hut in Zwide's kraal, not far from the present Nongo-
ma magistracy, Dingiswayo, the best and most enlightened chief of his race, was killed
about the year 1818. The charm of the damsels had worked; old Adam had ag'ain
succumbed to Eve!

Its great chief gone and the dreaded Zulu power looming ominously above the
western horizon, the Mtetwa nation felt its weakness and fell at once into disinte-
gration. Mondiso, the late king's brother, made a vain attempt to hold the pieces to-
gether, but he was speedily disillusioned by the appearance of Shaka himself, who,
after little resistance from the now leaderless Mtetwa warriors, incorporated them bo-
dily into his own force.

With no longer a paramount chief to check his course and with a combined
nation such as he now ruled over, Shaka was at length unapproachably great and his
army irresistible. He had attained to the fullness of his destiny and now commenced
the reign that was all 'his own'. Three great campaigns stand out conspicuously in
this reign, set amidst a countless array of lesser wars, massacres, and other exhibi-
tions of bloodshed. The first of these was the Ndwandwe war, with its sequel that
against Sikunyana.

Ndwandwe War— first Attack. The powerful Ndwandwe tribe, before which Shaka
had hitherto lived in constant awe, could now be dealt with without fear of failure
However, the initiative was taken by Zwide himself. Hearing that the Zulu army had
also been on its way to aid Dingiswayo in his last abortive attempt against the Ndwa-

— 44* —

ndwes, Zwide became considerably incensed against them, and feeling himself now to
have won by conquest the paramountcy over all adjacent tribes formerly recognising
Dingiswayo, at once despatched a punitive expedition against the Zulus. But Shaka
was not to be caught napping. His army was in readiness to meet the foe; and,
having inspired his warriors, Manyosi of the emaMbateni, Nkayishana of the Ku-
zwayo clan, Mdindwa 'the wild buffalo of the ridge', Ncozana of Moni, Nobanda, Msa-
Bane and others, with unusual bravery, he attacked the approaching enemy whose
numbers were 'as many as the bits of rubbish lying about'. Zwide himself, unlike
Shaka, was no longer generalling his own armies, but his brother Nqabeni, and his heir,
Xomahlanjana, and his other sons, Mpepa, Dayingubo, and Nojnjyngjila, were present,
and it was chiefly against these that the centre of the Zulu attack was directed. All
were killed, and the Nd wand we put to flight, leaving their cattle in the enemy's hands.

Ndwandwe War— second Attack and Rout of Zwide. When Zwide heard of this
sail and ignominious defeat, he waited a short time to recoup and then ordered his
army to betake itself once more to the Zulu country to make there the i-hlambo (see
Dictionary) for his deceased sons. For a second time, then, they went forth in full
force to give battle to Shaka. But this master of strategy had his plans well laid.
All crops and food supplies throughout the land were immediately destroyed, and the
whole Zulu clan, accompanied by their women and cattle, betook themselves to the
broken country about Nkandhla, south of the Mhlatuze. The enemy, said Shaka,
trusting in our cattle and crops for food and finding nothing there, will be necessi-
tated to make a still longer journey to meet us here, where they will arrive complete-
ly exhausted with hunger. And so indeed it happened. The Zwidean host, at the
end of a fatiguing march, found nothing in store for itself, and was thus compelled
to undertake a further march of a couple of days over trying country on an empty
stomach. They found the Zulus at rest about Nkandhla; and to rob them of what
little energy might still be left them, Shaka set upon them his inferior regiments to
harass them continously until sunset. Thoroughly worn out, the Ndwandwe army
found its only consolation was a very needful sleep in their hastily constructed night-
shelters. But the wily Shaka was just then very much awake, and his young-men
stole upon the sleeping foe and worked merciless massacre. The host of Zwide was
only saved from the fate of that of Sennacherib by a direction from Shaka that his
(h-ath-dealing 'angels' should desist from their slaugther and return home before the
break of day. Yet on the morrow the hungry Ndwandwe warriors rallied for a last
decisive coup. But the flower of the Zulu army, till this moment kept continuously
in reserve, fresh and irresistible, now charged down upon them like an avalanche.
The Ndwandwes found no possibility of withstanding, and fled as far as the Mhlatuze,
where they were completely routed. Following up his success, Shaka pursued the fu-
gitives of the enemy right into their own country, for their conquest was not com-
plete without the destruction of their chief. His warriors were instructed, upon nearing
a Ndwandwe kraal, to approach chanting the Ndwandwe war-song. Deceived by this
artifice, and as there was little difference of dress recognisable by them between the
men of one clan and those of another, the Ndwandwe women trooped everywhere forth
to 'welcome', as they thought, their own returning warriors, only to find themselves
hopelessly entrapped. But their chief had the fortune to receive timely warning and
hastily abandoned his throne for a nook in the reeds. Thus he escaped with his life;
but whatever remained of the once great Ndwandwe tribe, in the shape of fat kine or
buxom women, returned with the victorious Zulus, and it is stated that the booty
captured on this occasion exceeded that of any other, and was 'the making' of the
Zulu people.

Shaka's Chivalry. The combined fighting forces of many tribes, now incorporated
into one vast army and generalled by such a martial genius as Shaka, stood arrayed,
invincible and supreme, before the whole of the little world of South-African Kafir-
dom. By his sole tremendous effort he had succeeded in turning most of Black
South-Africa upside-down, and it now lay helpless in his gory clutches. However, the
first overwhelming shock of the social cataclysm was over, and those who had sur-
vived, having at length somewhat recovered their scattered senses, were preparing
themselves for a peaceful submission to the inevitable.

Shaka was thus well able to rest awhile on his laurels, and, just for one moment,
indulge the weary mind in a little healthy 'divarshun'. The mighty hero of a nun-

— 45* —

dred battles, he was at length to succumb to a mere intombV. He was at this period
in the prime of his manhood, perhaps about thirty-five years of age. Having from
the beginning resolved within him never to burden his life with the effeminating
barnacles of matrimony — and he valiantly kept the resolution till the abrupt cud of
his days — nor leave a child behind who might perchance rejoice at his loss, this gory
celibate now felt his heart being conquered by recollections of the enrapturing beauty
of the daughters of Kondhlo.

Pakatwayo, the son of Kondhlo, was chief of the Qwabc tribe living away near
the coast, and was by descent a remote cousin of Shaka's. His charming sisters,
much younger, we will hope, than himself, Shaka had often feasted his eyes upon
while still a growing youth in the adjoining territory of Dingiswayo. But now, by
fair means or foul, he would have them all as his own.

When the wolf has once made up its mind to devour the lamb, and is too cow-
ardly to openly avow it, he proceeds to pick a quarrel with the unhappy object of his
intentions. So it was devised that an i-Jadu (see text) should be arranged at which
both chiefs, Shaka and Pakatwayo, with their respective parties of young-men and
marriageable maidens should be present. The i-Jadu met, and all went merrily as
wedding-bells, until Shaka was chagrined to find himself utterly out-classed by the
fascinating dancing of his rival. "Well!" said the Wolf; "you may beat me at dancing,
but you couldn't beat me in a fight." And with this ominous remark, the parties
separated for their respective homes.

Pakatwayo's Death. Now, when Shaka reached home, he called together a small
body of his warriors and informed them that it was his wish they should go and
build a kraal for themselves down country, and, further, that they should take espe-
cial care that it be placed just within the boundary of Pakatwayo's territory. "Should
the people of the latter chief", he continued, "seek to molest you, offer them no resis-
tance, simply run away; but on the morrow quietly return and start building again.
Should the warriors of Pakatwayo return to molest you, simply throw down your
weapons and run to meet them, crying Umbandama! umbandamu!" Shaka's braves
thereupon set out, wondering, no doubt, what such strange directions meant. With
the nicety of a fairy-tale, everything happened just as Shaka had anticipated and
everything was done as he had ordained, with the result that the famed Zulu war-
riors rapidly gained for themselves in Pakatwayo's land the reputation of being, not
only clumsy dunces at the dance, but also num skulled old women at the fight. "With
a little bit of a bead-string that won't even go round one's neck (ucivana olungahla-
ngani nas'e?ita?iyeni)," said Pakatwayo sneeringly, "I'm not going to bother myself
fighting." But the ears of Shaka were long and heard far, so that such insulting
remarks of Pakatwayo found their way thereto in due curse; whereupon, quite as we
should have expected, Shaka became 'very angry', and organised a punitive expe-
dition forthwith under his own personal leadership. Encamped at the Lower Mhla-
tuze, he ordered his warriors to gather with their mouths some ears of Kafir-corn,
eating it as cattle do, and not touching it with their hands, 'for it is not my day to-
day, but to-morrow I shall give battle'. Pakatwayo having been apprised of the ap-
proach of the Zulus, immediately proceeded to reconnoitre. He hastily mobilised his
own forces, and on the morrow the two armies met. The Zulus, it is said, 'boiled
like mambas in the long dry grass', and soon drove the Qwabe lines back upon their
chief, who had been surveying the scene from a safe point of vantage in the rear.
At this most inopportune moment, Pakatwayo was suddenly put himself hors de com-
bat by an attack of wry-neck! Now, picture to yourself, gentle reader, the super-
stitious horror of these dusky warriors when, just at the critical moment, instead of
rallying them back to the fray, their leader becomes afflicted with a ridiculous crick
in the neck! Verily it was the evil omen fated to extinguish within them what little
nerve was still left, and the unfortunate Pakatwayo was captured where he lay. Then
was it that runners were despatched to Shaka to inform him that they had taken the
chief prisoner, but that his neck had become twisted and 'his head now looked to-
wards behind!' "Do him no harm, this brother of mine," said the crafty one; "bear
him gently away to yon kraal of his; and I must keep away from him, lest perchance
the weight of my presence should overwhelm him, and he die — but be sure and
bring back his cattle." Not only his cattle was it that was im mediately collected and
brought to Shaka, but a bewildering bevy of young girls and royal sisters — beautiful
daughters of Kondhlo, whom Shaka had "loved long before, from the time he had

— 46* —

seen them on the day of the ijadu, but who had scorned his attentions until the day
of the battle." Now, poor things! they no doubt found it a wiser plan to vie with
(Mh1 another in winning his loving regard. In their agreeable company Shaka at once
proceeded to his emTandeni kraal (which — curious coincidence! — was known as the
Love-him kraal). In the evening, Shaka enquired how his royal patient was progress-
ing, and was informed that he was better, that he had regained his voice and his
head was straight once more. "Then", said the crafty one, "if so it be, let So-and-
so, his brothers" (who had also been captured in the fight) "be sent to watch him
in the night. May he recover, this child of my fathers; we have quarrelled forsooth,
I nit we had not been minded to kill." And the particular brothers of Pakatwayo
whom Shaka selected to go and watch over him throughout the night, were precisely
those who had already long been estranged from him through family contentions and
were now at mortal enmity with him. It was the opportunity they had so long
sought in vain, and in the night they did their duty well, twisting their brother's
head now in such a way as to prevent all possibility of return, and on the morrow
they reported him as dead. "Ala?! alas!" wailed the crafty one, "and by his own
hath lie been killed!" In such away was it that this wily master of strategy formed
the world to his own liking. Jason had at last removed the dragon from the grove,
and secured the coveted hide of a score of swarthy damsels. In love, as in war,
Shaka conquered all.

More Gallantry. To call this unholy mixture of blood-spilling and brutal passion,
love, would be little short of profanity. The best of the Bantus can rarely rise
to anything higher than mere affection; but "the monstrosity here considered could
certainly have known no more of that highest of emotions than the cruellest of beasts.
When, then, we speak of love in Shaka's regard, we must understand mere unpurified
sexual gratification.

So time went on, perhaps years, since the development just related of love
into war, and now were we to be treated to a reverse of the picture and war was
to culminate in love. Shaka had fought with a certain Lala chief, named Tondo-
lozi, and had taken him prisoner. An idea was then broached of buying the prisoner
out; but the Lala men had much past history to impress upon them the risks of
<ucli an undertaking, and, regarding self-preservation as the first law of nature,
politely declined the invitation to test the magnanimity of this king of beasts. But
there were certain simple maidens in the land, daughters of Tayi, brother of Tondo-
lozi, who, ignorant as doves of this wicked world's knavery, laughed lightly at this
timidity of their brothers and determined themselves to set out and win their uncle's
release. They accordingly donned their prettiest dress, and wore their most bewitch-
ing smiles, and so, driving a herd of fine white kine before them, they dared to
tempt tli<' ogre in his den. To see a bevy of charming damsels filing up a kraal,
come to implore the release of their chief, was a spectacle quite novel in Shaka's
experience. Even his obdurate heart was melted at the pretty sight; and on the
morrow he not only most graciously suffered the release of Tondolozi, but treated
him and his enchanting nieces to a magnificent feast, and presented him with a gift
of cattle and a royal guard to escort him back to his home.

But this was merely to pave the way for further manoeuvres; for, to tell the
truth, Shaka himself had now been taken captive no less truly than had Tondolozi,
and his heart was even then being carried away by artless maidens into Lalaland.
lie hastily chose from all the land the handsomest young-men, who should go as
a mission to select for him mistresses from among the lovely daughters of Tayi.
That an humble Lala clan should be thus honoured by a special embassy imploring
Favours lor tin- dreaded Shah-jehan himself, would have sufficed to throw many greater
• pies into a frenzy of delight. But in this case it misled into contrary excesses.
It was something altogether too good to be genuine. It was a clever trick, and the
courteous ambassadors were common spies. So they formed a plot whereby they
Bhould rid themselves of the whole party at one fell swoop. The plans were complet-
ed, and the conspiracy would have turned out a glorious success — had it not lacked
that fii-t essential, secrecy. For there was an innocent old woman pottering about
the kraal. She was, it is true, also a daughter of Tayi, but she had been married to
zangakona, and Shaka was therefore 'her child' and his people were her people.
Imprudent whisperings were overheard by her, and she was not long in conveying
the- information to her Zulu friends.

— 47* —

The sun rose on the morrow and found the kraal, where the embassy was
housed, surrounded l>y masses of howling savages. Boldly and bravely they approach-
ed to victory; for had they not caught the rat in its hole? True, they found the
hole — in the kraal fence, by which the rats had noiselessly vanished for Guam the
night before! And the old woman knew nothing at all about it! Nor does history
tell us what was the hair-tearing frenzy of the Shah-jehan when he espied the flower
of Zulu manhood sneaking ignominiously home, and without the redeeming feature
of a solitary bride. Without any doubt some unfortunate mortals had to pay the
penalty.

Slaughter of the Innocents. From sexual instinct sprang love; love begat jealousy,
then revenge and murder. A strange sequence of emotions, virtues and vices ; but a
fact too often true in experience. Shaka was nothing if not a ladies' man. His many
kraals were overflowing with a multitude of nubile maidens, collected as tribute from
almost every kraal of importance in the land (see um-Ndhlunkulu). But woe to any
other who should presume to gratify his natural instincts against the wishes of the
king! No man in the land was permitted to marry until well beyond his prime, and
no longer of use as a fighting instrument. Yet the ancient fire burnt still in the
breast of each, and Shaka knew it, and this knowledge was his penalty, for it kept his
mind racked with fears and suspicion. He had 'dreams,' he said once, that the youths
and maidens, of whom there might have been hundreds dwelling at the Bulawayq
kraal, were continually misbehaving themselves in his absence. Such an action Would
always have constituted a capital offence; but in this instance there was no further
evidence of the fact than Shaka's dreams. He therefore devised a plan for bringing
the two young sexes together and so 'catching them in flagrante delicto.' He ordered
a new kraal to be built at a certain spot. Now, the building of a kraal necessitated
the presence of a great number of young-men for wattle-chopping and building, and
of girls for grass-cutting and mat-making. In obedience to their king's orders, the
requisite parties went dutifully off to their allotted tasks. After a time, when the
work was probably in full activity, the king also wended his way towards the spot,
accompanied by another large body of men, to whom he related his dreams and made
heart-rending complaints about the wickedness of the young people in the Bulawayo
kraal. Moved by the imploring misery of their king, 'then let them be killed!' cried
out the indignant escort unanimously. 'But how will you manage it,' asked the crafty
one helplessly, 'so that none may escape?' and then immediately proceeded to tell
them himself how it should be done. While he approached from the front, other
parties should appear on both sides and so completely invest the kraal. And so it
happened. The whole body of youthful builders, caught in the height of their animation
and merriment, were hurdled like sheep in the cattlefold, tremblingly awaiting their
slaughter. Nor did they need wait long. The personification of death appeared at the
gateway, and, picking out a number 'of the worst,' commanded that their heads be
wrenched by their own brothers. After this fiendish prelude, followed a general and
indiscriminate butchery of all. A happy spot on God's earth, a moment before sparkling
with youthful vivacity, now became a hell of moans and pain, and, with the golden
sunshine as their pall, one hundred and seventy battered corpses, like withered wild
flowers, were cast away on the green veldt. So in the midst of life was death.

And of these poor girls how many were the monster's paramours of days before!
But to become a prey to Shaka's lust, was ever one's condemnation to death. For to
bear a child to this parent was a heinous offence, and when such a misfortune did
occur, says universal report, both mother and child were butchered together. Indeed,
this was the rock upon which Nandi, Shaka's own mother, was destined to come to
grief and pay the common penalty. And if the slaying hand scrupled not to fall upon
his own mother, we no longer wonder that, in his war with Zwide, he should have
caused some poor, helpless, old women, who had unhappily fallen into his hands and
from whom he had first of all coaxed all the information he desired, afterwards to be
enwrapt in grass and matting, and then, having been set on fire, to be driven, shriek-
ing amidst the flames, back to their own people.

Yet the men of the nation had still more to suffer; death stared each and every
one of them daily in the face. The first whitemen to visit Shaka found it quite a
common occurrence for an individual alongside whom they had been sitting in the
gathering and perhaps peacefully gossiping a moment before, to be now, without a
trial or warning, suddenly pounced upon at a motion from the king, and caught by

- 48* —

the crown and chin, to have their necks wrenched on the spot, and then be dragged
away battered with sticks until life became extinct. That many should have been
condemned, like Mashongwe, to suffer nothing worse than a plucking out of the
eves and then be left to grope in darkness to their graves, was deemed an expression
of the royal clemency.

The Whiteman appears in Natal. Amidst such scenes was it that the first White-
men visitors to Zululand appeared. It was on the 1st. of May, 1824, that Lieut. Fare-
well, who had been coasting as far as Delagoa Bay in search of new trade-markets,
reported to Lieut. Col. Somerset, Governor of the Cape, that he had 'found a port
where a small vessel could lie perfectly secure.' Soon afterwards, with a party of
about forty all told, and including Fynn, Isaacs, King and others, Lieut. Farewell
chartered two vessels from Capetown to this newly-found Port Natal. The party in
the 'Julia' led by Fynn, arrived first, the remainder, under Farewell, following six
weeks afterwards in the 'Ann'. These were the pioneers of what ten years later became
the township of D'Urban, so called after the then Governor of the Cape.

Although Farewell stated quite correctly that he had 'found' Port Natal, he was
far from having been the discoverer of it. On the 25th. of December, 1497, the Por-
tuguese navigator, Vasco da Gama, passed the bay and called the surrounding country
Natal. In 1683 the sailors of the shipwrecked English vessel, the 'Johanna', tramped
through this land on their way to the Cape. The English ship, the 'Good Hope', was
wrecked in Natal Bay on the 17th. of May, 1685, soon after following the Dutch ship,
the ' Stavenisse', wrecked further along the coast in Alexandra county. Through the
survivors of these and other wrecks we have been furnished with much interesting
information concerning the land and its early inhabitants. These continuous wrecks,
too, was it that furnished the Zulu people with their first acquaintance with the
pale-skinned variety of their species. Not imagining that there could be any land
beyond the sea, the only home and origin of the whitemen was universally supposed
to lie the ocean, upon which they dwelt in floating troughs, and were very keen on
elephants' tusks which they would buy with tiny coloured stones fished up from the sea.

So well known did Natal become by means of these sailors' narratives, that in
December, 1689, the Dutch Government of the Cape, through the officers of the galiot
'DeNoord ', solemnly purchased the bay of Natal and the adjoining land from the local
'ingose ' (sic), named, according to Fynn, Nyangesa, for a quantity of "copper arm and
neck rings and other articles." But the solemnity of the purchase seems to have
worn off, at least in the Native eyes, so soon as the copper arm-rings lost their ser-
viceability. The master of the 'DeNoord', Johannes Gerbrantzer, returned to Natal in
1705 and found another king reigning 'who knew not Joseph'. He ventured to suggest
the deed of conveyance, but the young monarch closed the debate by curtly stating
that 'my father is dead and buried— and the copper rings with him'. Thus ended
the Dutch possession of the Bay of Natal.

More than a hundred years passed by before Farewell and company arrived and
came to stay. By that time Nyangesa and his tribe had trekked away, probably
to the south into Kaffraria, and another variety of Bantu, now of the tekeza or
Lala stock, had entered in and possessed themselves of the land. From the Tukela
to the Mzimkulu, from the sea to the Drakensberg, was approximately the length
and breadth of Lalaland. Within these boundaries were gathered together more than
a hundred clans, each independent of its neighbours and with its own hereditary line
of chieftains.

A devastated Wilderness. It was now the eighth year of the reign of Shaka when
Farewell and Fynn stepped on the Natalian shore ; and how had the face of Lalaland
changed! Where were the hundred clans and their long ancient lines of hereditary
chiefs? Where, this Arcadia of peaceful bee-hive kraals dotting the green sunny hill-
sides, surrounded by fields of reddening millet and lowing herds? Fynn was able to
travel through the breadth of the land, from the Tongati to the Mzimkulu and see
rcely a sign of human life, save 'thirty Natives residing near the Bluff, under the
chief Blatubane, of the emaTulini tribe. There were neither kraals, huts, Kafirs, nor
porn. Occasionally I saw a few stragglers, mere living skeletons, obtaining a precar-
ious tence on roots and shell-fish'. Three successive waves of destruction, like the
molten torrent from some volcanic eruption, had rolled from the Zulu country over
the face of Natal, obliterating in their course all signs of human life. Thrice had the

— 49* —

land been submerged beneath a flood of blood and death rushing away towards the
the south, wrecking all before it, bearing the refuse away on its crest, leaving only
naked desolation behind. Then, to make the destruction complete, organised bands
of Zulu murderers regularly patrolled the waste, hunting for any stray men and run-
ning them down like wild-pig. Thus, struggling in the hood, the hundred Lata dans
were borne off to the south and got lost among the Kafir tribes between the M/.i-
mkulu and the Great Fish River, then the southern-most boundary <>I Xosaland. There.
without leaders, without homes, they wandered about (to )nt'mumza, as the Xosa called
it), each for himself, seeking acceptance as menials in tln^Xosa families, l>y whom
they were contemptuously called ama-Mfejuiy. or vagrants, and by the White Colon-
ists, Fingoes. «•"■"■

And away behind? Yes, some few had merely been hurled aside by the on-rush,
had seen the beauty of the land swept away before their eyes, and found themselves
stranded in one vast interminable wilderness. These lived in ones and twos, hidden
away in woods and inaccessible mountain-parts, none knowing what had become of
his friend, his chief, his father, his child, his mother; none knowing a neighbour, and
each with his hand ever raised against the stranger who might have discovered his
whereabouts. For years no sod had been turned in the fields. The winter-season
came. The berries in the woods shrivelled up and fell, and the herbs on the veldt
withered away and drew in their heads from sight; for the night-time of nature had
come. And now at length shall starvation bring sleep and rest to miserable man.
Yet some preferred to live. Was not their brother's flesh sweeter than death ? They
will then fight for it and hunger no more. So Mdaya and his adherents, of the
Dunge .clan, set out to hunt men as game, and soorr round their own chieftain, Bo-
yfya, a toothsome morsel. The idea spread, and death in still another form was added
to wretched life in Lalaland. And yet quite 10,000 miserable beings had been able to
survive all these sufferings and persistent efforts to erase them from the face of the
earth, clinging to their life as to their land, if not to their homes, until the dark day
of trial was over and the fiend in Zululand was himself laid low, safely and eter-
nally imprisoned beneath six feet of earth.

Even before the tyrant's death, 4,000 refugees from the surrounding country and
from suffering Zululand, had thrown themselves for protection at the feet of the pow-
erless but humane handful of Whitemen settled at Port Natal. Shaka himself had
soon learned to value the acquisition of these strange new-comers, for, on their fre-
quent visits to him, he had discovered them to be an altogether wonderful variety of
mankind. So, from policy or from fear, he would regard kindly their proteges, saying,
"They have gone to my friends, not to my enemies; take care of them, as of your
own." Ten years later, in 1834, and when Dingana, his successor, had already become
conscious of the menace of the growing power at Port Natal, the number of Lala and
Zulu refugees gathered together under allegiance to the White settlers was fully 6,000.

The Pioneers visit Shaka. Almost immediately after their arrival in Natal, the
English pioneers deemed it prudent to make a friendly acquaintance with the terrible
potentate whose subjects they were making themselves. Farewell, Fynn, Petersen,
Davis and others accordingly set out for Zululand, and eventually arrived at the royal
kraal, an immense accumulation of hundreds of bee-hive huts massed together in a
circle two-thirds of a mile in diameter. There happened at the time to be a great
festival in course of proceeding — perhaps the annual umKosi feast, held towards
Christmas time — which lasted three days, and in winch, as they calculated, some 30,000
people, male and female, were participating. And there for the first time they found
themselves in the awful presence of the Satanic Majesty. On its head was a circlet
of otter-skin, the inner space being filled out with bunches of scarlet loury-feathers,
while one great feather of the blue-crane, two feet long, stood erect in front. A dan-
gling mass of tails, made of the twisted fur of the blue-monkey and spotted-genet, hang
like a cape over the shoulders. Another dangled from the breast to the loins, and a
third depended like a kilt from above the buttocks to the knees (see um-Qubula).
Round the legs, below the knees and reaching to the ankles, as also round the arms
below the shoulder-cape, waved a silvery fringe formed of the long white brushes
from cows'-tails (see i(li)-Shoba). White ivory-like studs, an inch in diameter, made
of dried sugar-cane (?), filled the ample holes cut in the lobe of each ear. In the left
hand was carried a white cow-hide shield marked by a single black spot, and in the
right was held an assegai. Twelve thousand savages, similarly though more plainly

D

— 50* —

attired, danced on each flank of their king. At times a dash of barbaric beauty would
enhance the picture as hundreds of dusky ballet girls, with their plump chocolate
bodies gaily bedecked in variegated beadwork, would appear and dance upon the
scene. Then, again, vast herds of wildly frolicking cattle would be driven about the
dancing place, each herd distinguished by its particular colour and by the shape of
its horns, these latter in many instances having been artificially twisted in their
growth into the most fantastic shapes. Yet even here a gory smear would be now
and then drawn across the pleasing picture, as some miserable being was pounced
upon and dragged off to a violent death before the very eyes of the European spec-
tators and the beaded ballet-girls.

Shaka wounded. The evening was come, and brought an agreeable transforma-
tion of the scene. The bright variegated gaiety of the day had now become set in a
background of jetty darkness, and, lit up by the lurid glow of bonfires of dried reeds,
presented a weird and fascinating study in light and shade. It was a serenade in
which the great chief was himself taking a part. Suddenly a terrifying shriek rent
the air; and the fires went mysteriously out! The multitude was plunged in dark-
ness, and confusion reigned supreme. Shaka the Terrible, Shaka the Divine, had
himself been stabbed! Verily now hath come the end for many there present. What
shall be done? The gathering wrath must be appeased somehow, else unhappy arc
they whose misfortune it must be to have to come near the wounded despot; for,
says the adage, the wild-beast bites those who approach it. Now, the enemy whom
Shaka just at that moment had uppermost in his mind was the Ndwandwe king, Zwide,
whose power had not yet been broken and whose adherents, under Sikunyana, were
even then threatening the northern boundary. Were there any of his people among the
assembled masses? There had been; but they had 'gone out' as mysteriously as had
the fires, and could not be found. Plainly these were they who had done the deed. So
two companies of warriors were sent out in hot pursuit along the northern road. On
the fifth day the party returned, bringing with them the bodies of three unfortunate
and perhaps innocent individuals, whom they reported to have found and killed in
the bush. The bodies were laid on the ground at about a mile from the kraal. Then,
the ears having been cut off from the right side of the head, the whole multitude of
30,000 men and women filed along, screaming and wailing, each one as he or she
passed, battering the bodies with a stick, which was afterwards dropped on the spot.
Needless to say, the bodies were already invisible beneath a pile of sticks before many
hundreds of the people had passed. Nevertheless the formality must be duly per-
formed, if only to save one's own person from suspicion of any sympathy with the
criminals; so tliey went by vigorously whacking the pile of sticks. Finally, the whole
multitude collected again about the kraal. Three men appeared, bearing the ears of
the unfortunate individuals at the end of long sticks. The ears were publicly burnt
in a great fire kindled in the centre of the kraal and in the presence of Shaka, whose
wound was now considerably healed. As though to furnish pretexts for further
slaughters, new crimes were invented. Immediately following the stabbing, had gone
forth a prohibition that none should wear any body-ornaments, nor shave their heads,
and no man whose wife was pregnant should approach the king. Transgressors in
abundance were rapidly forthcoming, the thought of whose cold-blooded murder the
gory monarch found 'soothing' during the days of confinement to his hut! Further,
a force of 1,000 strong was despatched as a punitive expedition against the suspected
tribe, returning in a few days, after having valiantly set fire to several unsuspecting
kraals and then relieved them of some 800 head of cattle.

Ndwandwe War third Attack and Death of Sikunyana. Years had passed by
since the last great campaign, and the Zulus were enjoying comparatively peaceful
times in their homes. Their chief was sitting at ease in the cattle-fold along with his
more familiar headmen, when suddenly a runner appeared, bi'eathless and sweating,
and announced that the Ndwandwe army, accompanied by its women and cattle, were
already over-running the upper districts, coming, as they said, to retake possession
of their father's land.

It had happened that the old chief Zwide, after emerging from the reed-bed,
had fled inland to about where the town of Wakkerstroom now is. There, with his
two surviving sons, Sikunyana and Somapunga. he settled down and gradually collect-
ed around him whatever stragglers of- his tribe might from time to time arrive.

- 51* -

Seeing that the old chief was not to live much longer, his wives requested him to
appoint a successor; hut that he might have peace at least in his days, he gave them
nothing but an ambiguous sign. Upon his death, the partisans of Sikunyana urged
upon their nominee the necessity of rendering his position secure by the riddance of
his rival, Somapunga. This latter saved his head by flight, and found protection
under the Zulu king Shaka, who kindly furnished him with a wife 'to take care of
him.' And now at length about the year 1826, Sikunyana, grown strong and in un-
disputed possession of the chieftainship, followed his brother, not as a refugee, but
as an invader, 'coming to regain the land of his inheritance.'

The whole Zulu land was thus once more aflame with the excitement of the
coming fun. 'Hurray! hurray!' flew the password through the restful land, 'the bride
is already dancing in the court-yard ! Sikui^ana, your sweetheart, has come to marry
you!' It chanced that just at that time Mr. Fynn was at Port-Natal, and being already
well-known to Shaka, he too was called out for active service against the common
invader. He found Shaka's army already on the war-path — warriors, cattle-boys and
baggage-bearers 'few of whom were above the age of twelve years', and girls carry-
ing beer, corn and amasi for the refreshment of the more important men — in all a
host of about 50,000 souls. The movement of so vast a multitude marching in close
formation was traced only by a great rolling cloud of dust. Parched with thirst, they
reached a swamp, where each fought wildly with the other for one drop of the saving
liquid, with the result that the whole became at once transformed into a field of mud,
and 'yet this mud was swallowed with avidity,' and within its soft embrace were left
the corpses of many men and boys, who, in the mad rush, had been actually trampled
down to death. Several days were occupied on this wretched march ; and so sore
did Shaka's bare feet become on the endless stony plains, that Fynn's Hottentot
servants were commanded to manufacture sandals for him out of raw cow-hide.

However, the conflicting armies eventually met in the valley below the Endolo-
lwane mountain. After several fierce engagements, 'lasting altogether not more than
an hour and a half ' and yet sufficiently long to leave heaps of corpses covering the
field, the Ndwandwes were vanquished. Many sought refuge in an adjacent wood,
others beneath**flie heaps of deaft" bodies, but were diligentby sought out and killed,
after which the women and children, who had been mustered together high up on
the aforesaid mountain, were likewise ruthlessly butchered. About 60,000 cattle are
stated to have been captured.

After such excellent work, one would have expected the Zulu general to have
had some meed of praise for his troops. Not so with this human monster called
Shaka. For early the next morning, we are told, he had the regiments assembled
before him for an angry harangue and for the customary 'picking out of the cowards'
— several unhappy captains, whose only offence, no doubt, was the disfavour of their
chief, and several poor soldiers who had the misfortune to be disliked of their head-
men, or who were indiscriminately pointed out by these merely to please their cruel
master and so save their own skins — brave men all, who but yesterday had fought
valiantly for their lord and country, and were now butchered before him for his
delectation ! In the afternoon the last act of this bloody performance consisted in
the bringing before the king of a woman and a child, of about ten years of age, of
the defeated tribe. For some time he found pleasure in gossiping with this woman,
entertaining her with a pot of beer and a dish of beef, and then ordered both mother
and child off to instant death! The life of the child was spared on the intercession
of Fynn who was present.

From the woman's account, it was learned that once again the defeated chief
had succeeded in effecting his escape. He fled to the Tonga country, accompanied
by a few of his people. A. party were immediately despatched in hot pursuit. Upon
entering a certain Tonga kraal they found the inmates in apparent readiness for some
festivity. On enquiry, they were told that Sikunyana, the Ndwandwe chief, was in a
neighbouring kraal, where he had slaughtered a beast presented to him by the local
Tonga potentate. With little trouble the quarry was duly bagged, and the last flicker-
ing light of the Ndwandwe power put out.

Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matebele Nation. The break-up of the Ndwandwe nation
under Zwide and under his successor, Sikunyana, was replete with far-reaching con-
sequences to the whole of Africa. Small clans, hitherto tributary to the Ndwandwean
paramountcy, were now thrown on their own resources. Some found it more discreet

D*

/

— 52* —

not to kick against the pricks, but others were more recalcitrant. Among these latter,
were a section of the people united under certain headmen, as Beja, brother of Sosha-
ngane, of the Nxumalos, and Mlotshwa of the Kumalos, who, not content with the
overthrow of Zwide, had themselves to be conquered again. They too at length
were Forced to bow before the Zulu monarch, from whom they at first received a
measure of diplomatic favour, though ultimately the usual requital of this relentless
tyrant, death. But more resolute and more successful than these was a certain induna
named Mzilikazi (corrupted by the Suto and Chwana peoples into Moselekatze), son
of Mashobana (of the Kumalo clan), by his wife Nompetu, daughter of his erstwhile
sovereign, Zwide.

Upon "THe demolition of the Zwidean power, this headman assumed for a time a
feigned submission and was quartered with the Zulu regiment stationed at the Bula-
wayo military-kraal beyond Eshowe, between the Mlalazi and Mhlatuze rivers. But
life there was not after his taste, and, gathering together a small band of three or
four hundred trusted followers (with whom, it is said, he had been sent on a raiding
expedition by Shaka), he cut himself loose from his enforced allegiance and commenced
wandering about the upper districts, burning whatever kraals he came across and
forcing their inmates into his own service. In this way and by means of the ceaseless
addition of fugitives from Shaka's thraldom, he ere long, perhaps about the year 1826,
succeeding in amassing a very formidable army of freebooters, a motley crowd from
the Kumalo, Nxumalo, Mtetwa, and almost every other of the hundred original clans
of Zululand. With this vast crowd of waifs and strays, he hastened towards the
Transvaal, in the hope of building there a new kingdom all his own. But the wily
Shaka met him on the Drakensberg with a force hastily sent to intercept him. The
Zulu force was repulsed, and Mzilikazi hastened the quicker on his course ahead.
Knowing that he would not be allowed to escape so lightly and that a further punitive
expedition would be rapidly following behind him, he took the precaution to lay waste
the whole country through which he passed, leaving neither people, nor stock, nor
kraals, nor crops behind him. This method of destruction and wholesale pressure
into his service became from now on his settled policy, so that when the Boer farm-
ers trekked up in 1836, they found the greater part of Orangia and the Transvaal a
miserable wilderness.

Mzilikazi first established himself at a place he somewhat prematurely named
Khupumuleni or the Place of Rest. 'For three months', says a Native account, 'they
haanb rain and suffered keenly from want of water. The chief thereupon ordered
all rain-doctors to be brought before him. All made up some medicine, but the heavens
were unwilling, and the doctors failed to procure rain. The chief therefore ordered
their execution. They were bound and thrown into the river' (or possibly where a
river ought to have been). An exploring party having already previously reported a
fine land 'of much water and green grass even during the dry season' away north,
Mzilikazi forthwith determined to remove to those parts.

After several days' travelling, the armed warriors going on ahead, the women
bearing the household gods and the boys driving the cattle behind, they came into
touch with another band of refugees flying like themselves from the tyrant Shaka.
Although these were marching under the headship of a clansman of Mzilikazi's named
Nqaba, son of Mbekwane, of the Kumalo clan, nevertheless for some reason or other
the two parties fought. Nqaba being defeated, fled eastward into the Portuguese
territory, where he subsequently met with and for a time united himself to the re-
nowned Soshangane, near the Sabi river. The followers of No^aJba. afterwards became
famous themselves as the abaNgoni of Central Africa.

Having reached a promising spot in the Marico district, Mzilikazi next proceeded
to erect a large military-kraal in the Mosika Valley, but he subsequently removed his
own private kraal to a still more pleasing sight, at Kapaying, fifty miles to the north.
From this centre raiding parties were sent out to scour the country in every direction.
They swept the land clean from the Drakensberg to the Kalahari, and in 1831 reached
ar >outh as Thaba Bosigo, the mountain-stronghold upon which Moshweshwe, the
paramount chief of the newly united Suto nation, had established himself after their
Bad experiences with Matiwana, the Ngwana chief. 'The Matebele,' writes Wid-
dicombe, halted under the willow-trees which lined the banks of the Putiatsana, a
pntty little stream not far from the foot of Thaba Bosigo. There they sat down
and rested alter the fatigue of their long three-hundred-mile journey, bathing them-
selves daily in the cool, limpid water, sharpening their assegais, arranging their head-

- 53* —

plumes, and dancing their war-dance preparatory to investing Hip Btronghold of the
man they were sent to conquer. The Basutos watched it all from the heights above.
They barricaded the few entries to their stronghold with huge boulders, and erected
strong and substantial schanzen at any point where an ascent seemed possible;' bo
when the Matebele came rushing on simultaneously from two different directions,
they were met by such an avalanche of rocks and showers of spears raining down
upon them from an invisible and unapproachable foe above, that they were compelled
to reti-eat by the way they came. The Khatla tribe, however, the Harutse and
several others, were less successful and had to submit to Mzilikazi. Even the Griqua
chief, Berend Berend, who had dared to attack the latter in his new kingdom, was
defeated and himself killed.

It was about this time that Mzilikazi made his first acquaintance with Whitemeu,
at least during his own independent career. Mr. Moffat, the celebrated missionary,
was then at Kuruman. He was quickly discovered by Mzilikazi's raiding parties,
and eventually became so great a friend of this latter, that the Matebele chief after-
wards named one of his sons Kurumana, in honour of the missionary. When, then,
in June of the year 1836, certain American evangelists, the Bev. Dr. Wilson, with the
Bevs. Lindley and Venable, appeared in the Mosika Valley, they were graciously wel-
comed and allowed to settle in the military-kraal. But it was not long before the
warlike chief discovered that the principles they preached were hostile to his own
practices, and he prohibited further exercise of their profession.

They had not been many months at Mosika, when, towards the end of that
same year, the first wave of the Great Boer Trek from the Cape Colouy reached them.
These farmers had serious brushes with roving Matebele between the Vet and Vaal
rivers, where several Boers were killed and two girls captured and sent along as
acceptable booty to Mzilikazi up north. Subsequently the Boers were attacked again,
when in laager at Vechtkop, near the sources of the Bhenoster river, by a Matebele
impi of 5,000 warriors, under their induna Mkalipi, of whom, after a short but fierce
contest, 430 were left dead on the veldt, though the rest managed to depart with all
the farmers' cattle. The Boers, getting exasperated at this kind of harassment, re-
solved upon a combined attack on the lion in his den. One hundred and seven farmers,
reinforced by another hundred of Griquas and Natives, assembled under Potgieter
and Maritz, and, on the 17th. January, 1837, they surprised the Matebele army en-
kraaled in the Mosika Valley, and hunted them down like a herd of game until mid-
day. The kraal was burnt, 6,000 cattle captured, and several of their own wagons
recovered, whereafter, accompanied by the disheartened American missionaries before
mentioned, the farmers returned to their head-quarters at Thaba Nchu, near the
Caledon.

About the middle of this same year 1837, occurred Dingana's campaign against
Mzilikazi. Since Shaka's demise, the Zulu army, through almost constant inactivity,
had already lost much of its pristine verve. True, they were the victors in the fight,
though their returning home in August with one at least of their regiments almost
totally annihilated, can scarcely be deemed a triumph. However, the saving feature
was that an unusually large number of cattle were taken, including many that had
previously been stolen from the Boers; but the Matebele rallying, re-captured a great
number. It was here that the Zulus made their first acquaintance with the compara-
tively huge, long-horned Afrikander cattle, about which so many exaggerated tales
are told, and which became Dingana's favourite breed.

Dingana was so elated over this his first and only martial success of any
importance, that he could not refrain from despatching a messenger, during the first
days of September, to Capt. Gardiner, a missionary adventurer then in charge of the
British settlement at Port Natal, proudly stating that he had 'killed all Mzilikazi's
people and captured their cattle.' But his statement was altogether premature; for
only two months after, in November, we find a strong Boer commando of 330 men,
under Potgieter and Uys, marching against him. Weakened by their recent heavy
reverses, the Matebele were easily routed. Between the Zulus and Boers, they found
no security of tenure was now possible to them in the Transvaal. The Natives to
the north were reported as of a much weaker race, fleeing upon the mere sight of a
Zulu warrior. They therefore determined to seek a better fortune far away beyond
the Limpopo. Dispersing and despoiling the peaceful Kalangas as they went, Mzi-
likazi finally established himself about midway between the Limpopo and Zambezi
rivers, building for himself a large kraal which he named after that from which he

/

— 54* —

had originally sot out in Zululand, viz. kwa'Bulawayo (the Place of him who was
killed). Hero he rapidly brought the surrounding tribes to recognise his sovereignty,
and so the powerful Matebele nation was built up and flourished, until the downfall of
Bfzilikazi's son, Norabengula or, as the local corruption has it, Lobengula.

The name Matebele is not Zulu. It was derived from the Suto word le-Tebele,
plur. ma-Tebele (a Kafir i.e. a member of any of those neighbouring tribes that did
not speak the same language nor belong to the same ethnological group as the baSuto
themselves). It was originally applied by these latter to the marauders from Zulu-
land, as a term of contempt. Among the present-day Matebele scarcely anything of
pure Zulu blood is longer traceable. Even so long ago as 1863, Mackenzie, who visited
their country and was intimately acquainted with South-African races generally, was
compelled to aver that 'he found very few real Zulu soldiers; the flower of the army
consisted of Bechuanas, and the younger regiments were principally composed of Maka-
laka and Mashona lads recently enlisted'. Nor is their language any purer than their
blood. It consists of a large percentage of original Zulu roots, all more or less cor-
rupted, and even perhaps a half dozen old roots, also probably changed, now obsolete
and unknown in Zululand; but a very large proportion of the speech is made up of
entirely foreign words, a miscellaneous and indiscriminate gathering from all and
every one of those tribes they incorporated and whose mixed offspring now mainly
constitutes the Matebele nation.

Soshangane, founder of the Gasa Nation. The Zulu-Kafir race would seem to be
the fighting cocks of the Bantu breed. Those peaceful times of yore, which we are
so pathetically told ever existed in and before the days of Senzangakona, were really
only a lying dormant of their innate aggressive, plundering spirit. Once the ancient
fire had been roused by Dingiswayo, and then fanned to a roaring conflagration by
Shaka, there was no further possibility of holding in check the natural impulses of
this people. One after another wild spirits of the race led forth, north, west and
south, fierce turbulent masses to disturb the peace of the world, revelling in rapine
and blood. Of Matiwana with his amaNgwana and Mzilikazi with the maTebele we
have related. But there are two other bands of freebooters hailing from the Zulu
country -the followers of Sosliangane (afterwards in his new home better known as
Manukuza), son of Sigode, younger son of Langa, chief of the Ndwandwe or Nxumalo
clan (and therefore nephew of Zwide, great-solTand successor of Langa), and, secondly,
the followers of Nqaba or Uzajmandaba (or, as he was subsequently in Central Africa
called, Uzwangenctaba ), son 01 Mbekwane, a chief-man in the Kumalo clan, whose
names will stand out in terrible prominence in the future history of almost every
eastern Bantu tribe right away to the Victoria Nyanza. These so maintained the war-
like reputation of their breed, that even Stanley could not cross the continent, as far
away as the equator, without becoming nervously cognisant of the fact. 'No traveller,'
he says, 'has yet become acquainted with a wilder race in Equatorial Africa than are
the Mafitte or Watuta (as he calls the abaNgoni wanderers). They are the only true
African Bedawi; and surely some African Ishmael must have fathered them, for their
hands are against every man, and every man's hand appears to be raised against
them. To slay a solitary Mtuta is considered by an Arab as meritorious, and far
more necessary than killing a snake. To guard against these sable freebooters, the
traveller, while passing near their haunts, has need of all his skill, coolness and pru-
dence. The settler in their neighbourhood has need to defend his village with im-
pregnable fences, and to have look-outs night and day; his women and children require
to be guarded, and fuel can only be procured by strong parties, while the ground has
to be cultivated spear in hand, so constant is the fear of the restless and daring tribe
of bandits.'

The party under Soshangane, or as we shall hereafter call him, Manukuza, took
a north-easterly direction and continued their course uninterruptedly for^rriRhroiigh
various Tonga tribes, until they entered the Portuguese domain, compelled, in their
present struggle for existence, to buy life for themselves only at the price of much
Bhedding of blood, and to retain a footing on God's earth only at the point of the
assegai. The mixed mob of fugitives, comprising members, not only of the Nxumalo,
but of the Mtetwa and several other of the hundred dispersed tribes of Zululand,
with whom Manukuza had so far successfully cut his way into the heart of Tongaland,
became now generally known among the surrounding tribes, not, of course, as Zulus
(which they were not), but as abaNguni — a generic name in Tonga parlance desig-

— 55* —

nating a Native of what we call the 'Kafir' stock (whether it be Zulu or Xosa), as of
a race and language distinct from their own ; indeed, just in the same way as the
Suto tribes called these same people maTebele. The great nation, however, which
afterwards grew up around this Kafir or Zulu nucleus, was mainly composed of the
conquered people of multitudinous local Tonga clans, and adopted for itself the general
name — quite unknown in Zululand, and hence probably derived from some Local
source — of abakwa' Gasa (the People of Gasa), or, as they are more commonly
called on the Gold Fields, amaS hang ana.

The martial feats of Matiwana and Mzilikazi were reproduced by Manukuza in
Portuguese East Africa without any diminution of their magnitude or gory brilliancy.
The consternation caused among the British in the Cape Colony upon the appearance
of Matiwana, and among the Dutch in the Transvaal by the appearance of Mzilikazi,
was repeated in an equal degree by Manukuza among the much weaker Portuguese
of the East Coast. Their contemporary documents bravely own up to the fact, and
tell us of many humiliations their little garrisons had to meekly endure at the hands
of this barbarian upstart.

It was about the year 1831 that he first appeared and settled near the Sabi __ -
river, midway between the Limpopo and Zambezi. While there, he was joined by the
second roving mob of Zulu fugitives, members of the Kumalo, emaNcwangeni and
other clans — also originally resident in the northern districts of Zululand about the
coast — led by the aforesaid chief, Nqaba or Uzwangendaba. This is the section of
Zulu refugees to whom the name abaNguni most persistently clung, and who, under
a subsequent corruption of the word, became afterwards notorious in Central Africa
as the abaNgoni.

But turbulent natures of this kind, fired with the spirit of independence and
fight, could scarcely be expected to sit down together in peace. The inevitable con-
tention arose, and the stronger chief, Manukuza, drove from the neighbourhood his
brother, Mhlabawadabuka, who, along with the main portion of the recently arrived
party under Uzwangendaba, inarched away still further north, accompanied by a
considerable following from among his own people, leaving Manukuza in sole posses-
sion of another large section south of the Sabi river.

'On the 22nd. of October, 1833,' says Theal, 'a strong body of warriors of the
Gasa tribe appeared before the fort on the Espirito Santo (as the estuary of several
rivers debouching at Lourenco Marques used to be called). They were provided with
no other weapons than short-handled stabbing assegais, so they could not effect an
entrance; but during the night of the 27th., the captain, Dionysio Antonio Ribeiro,
seeing an opportunity to escape, evacuated the place, and with his men retired to the
island Shefina, which lies close to the coast. On the following day the abaGasa de-
stroyed the fort, and then pursued the Portuguese to the island and captured them
all. The prisoners were brought back to their ruined habitation and were there put
to death.'

'The captain of Inhambane, ' continues the historian, 'was so rash as to attempt
to assist a frendly clan against Manukuza. The result of the interference was the
plunder of the village, on the 3rd. of November, 1834, and the slaughter of the captain
and all the inhabitants, except ten individuals who managed to escape.'

'In 1836, the military commandant of Sofala, Jose Marques da Costa, collected
the friendly Natives in the neighbourhood, and with them and his negroes ventured
to give the enemy battle, with the result that every individual of his force perished.'

But if such easy game was made of the Portuguese soldiery, what shall we
expect was the fate of the more helpless Blacks? For more than a quarter of a
century after the last lesson had been given the Portuguese, and especially during the
years 1852 and 1853, the Bantu clans throughout the territory were one after the other
miserably plundered or sometimes exterminated 'with no more compunction than if
they had been vermin.' But at length towards the end of the fifties, the dreaded
Manukuza had played his last game and failed, had fought his last fight with death
and succumbed.

Previous to this, however, he had already expelled from the land one of his sons,
Mzila, who had fled inland into the Transvaal region; and another son, Maw&va, now
succeeded to the supreme power. This chief, much to the dismay of thenttle Por-
tuguese garrisons, proved a chip of the old block. When, then, his brother Mzila, on
the 1st. of December, 1861, applied to the captain of the garrison on the Espirito Santo
for aid against his brother and himself posed as^PortugaFsJigreatest friend, the captain

— 56* —

gladly lout him what help he could in the shape of powder and guns. After half a
year's lighting, Maweva was completely crushed and Mzila reigned in his stead and
ruled over all the country between the Zambezi and the Manisa, northwards of Delagoa
Bay. At length Mzila, too, was called to his fathers, and duly succeeded by his son,
Ngungunyana, who becoming obstreperous, was relieved of his chieftainship by the
FortUgnTse, in the year 1895.

The whole of Manukuza's or Ngungunyana' s country is only hazily known to
present-day Zulus as kwa'Gasa or Gasaland, the home of the Shanganas. Yet their
fathers knew it better; for, as Fynn records, Slujka's army was thrice sent to invade
that territory and bring home the head of Soshangana. They penetrated even as
far as Inhambane, but all they ever brought back was perhaps not much more than
one emaciated half of themselves and myriads of malignant malarial microbes to
finish them right off so soon as they got back to their kraals.

We have said that, after the Zulu fugitives, fleeing from Shaka's hands, arrived
near the Sabi river, their leader, Manukuza quarrelled with his brother, Mhlabawada-
buka, and that the latter, along with another and still more recently arrived batch of
Fugitives, set out for a new field of independence still further north. How far these
two independent parties got in company we do not know; but it was not far, for in
a short time there was another rift in the lute, and that portion of the refugees more
recently arrived near the Sabi separated from their comrades, and, under the leadei*-
ship of their original chief, Uzwangendaba, went on alone yet further northward,
dropping, as they went, batches at the upper Sabi river and the lower Zambezi. This
horde of Zulu fugitives became generally known throughout all that part of eastern
Central Africa as the abaNgpnj, aNgoni, awaNgoni, as well as under some entirely
new names, as maZitu, maV?t£waTuJa and other appellations according as they mi-
grated from counfff*to country. "They crossed the Zambezi, about Zumbo, probably
in November 1835, for at the time of their crossing, as Elmslie informs us, there was
an eclipse of the sun. Directing their course due north, they fought their way along
until they crossed the Tshambeze river flowing into bake Bangweolo, and, passing
round the south-eastern corner of Tanganika, they entered the Fipa country.

Having at length reached a spot quite 1,200 miles from their old home in Zulu-
land, these abaNgoni, or maViti, as they were here called, considered they had accom-
plished enough globe-trotting to suffice them for a season. So, after having duly
enslaved the Jeri people whom they found in the land (the name of which people, by
the way, they now appropriated as their own cognomen), there they settled for a
lime. They amused themselves by making periodical raids into the country round
about, though not always to their own profit. There was a large tribe of waRori or
waSango on their eastern boundary, enviously wealthy in cattle. But after quite a
lifTTe campaign lasting through several months, our maViti found the enemy too strong
for them and drew back into Fipaland, but not before having left a large number of
their brethren as corpses in the Rori country and become reduced even still more by
the separation of a considerable section of their following, who went off and formed
the Hehe tribe, resident on the upper Ruaha river, east of the Roris and south of
the Gogo people.

It is indeed astonishing how infectious the fighting temperament can become
when those predisposed to it are brought under the requisite conditions. It would
in as though every Bantu tribe that chanced to come into contact with the roving
plunderers from Zululand and, being dislodged by them from their ancient home,
were compelled to seek another by force of arms, eventually developed a type of life
and character so like to that of their original conquerors as to become indistinguish-
able from them. Thus we find Central Africa nowadays filled with spurious Zulus;
tribe after tribe, all declared to be of 'Zulu origin', but which, if we may judge from
their languages, markedly varying one from the other and all bearing alike absolute-
ly no resemblance to the Zulu (beyond that common to all Bantu languages), can
have practically no Kafir blood in their veins, and are only Zulu in so far that they
have once passed under the shadow of the Ngoni ascendancy. To tell the truth, these
latter Forced along with them as they went whole tribes of strange peoples picked up
by them on their thousand-mile journey, and who in turn successfully cut themselves
[oose From their erstwhile masters and struck out for themselves into unknown local-
ities, whose affrighted inhabitants attributed their coming to the universally notorious
abaNgoni. The blood of the few Zulu families who had really originated in Zululand,
was, by the time they had reached Central Africa, already considerably diluted by

— 57* —

foreign admixture; and, as for the vast mass of the heterogeneous mob they had
pressganged on their way, they were picked up mostly from numberless Tonga and
kindred tribes, and were not Zulu at all. And in this way the Zulu name has Become
credited with much glorification that is not honestly its due. Thus the brilliant mar-
tial exploits of the Hehes and Bungas about the sources of the Rufiji, and of the
Gwangwaras north-east of Nyasa, all go to swell the exaggerated reputation of the
innocent boys in our midst; for all of these tribes are mistakenly dubbed of Zulu
origin.

The Masai are held to be the fiercest tribe in Eastern Central Africa; but, as
Last avers, when waMasai meet waHehe, then comes the tug of war. For, says he,
'they are frequently defeated in their contests with the Hehe. Only last year (1HS2)
strong parties of Masai were nearly annihilated by the Hehe. I was on<c returning
home to my station from a visit to Mpwapwa, when we were overtaken by a party
of fifteen Masai, the remnants of an unsuccessful company who had gone to lift the
cattle of the Hehe. Several of these were without shields, but carried two large spears,
showing that they had been able to pick up some of the spears of their fallen com-
panions, but had been obliged to secure their safety in flight by throwing away their
shields'. Wherever they came from, it seems clear that these Hehe are comparatively
new arrivals in their present land of domicile. They appeared, as Stanley was in-
formed, as a powerful and strange tribe in the Ruaha country, soon after the invasion
of Roriland by the Fipa abaNgoni or maViti, about the year 1844. There they set
about despoiling or demolishing the local peoples in quite orthodox Shakan style.
They overran Sagaraland, pigsticking the males and stealing the females of the indus-
trious Itumba and Kaguru clans; then they administered some wholesome castigation
to the bullying Ngurus of Zeguhaland; and finally, in more recent days, they have
brought permanently to their knees the brave Roris, who had so long successfully
withstood the onslaughts of the maViti of Fipaland.

Then, from these Hehe, or from the mother-tribe, the Fipaland maViti, emerged
another lawless band, the Bungas. These unwelcome strangers first made their pre-
sence felt, not far away from the Hehe, in the Gangi country, about the sources of
the Ulanga, tributary of the Rufiji. They appropriated the south-eastern portion
thereof as their own private domain, and then so far brought under their yoke a large
section of the Gangi people, now known as the waHenge, that they not only recog-
nised their paramountcy, but somehow or other came to assimilate a considerable
quantum of their foreign language.

But revenons a nos montons! From the time the Ngoni wanderers left Manu-
kuza on the far Sabi river until the period of their arrival in Fipaland, they had
been ruled by a chief named Uzwangondaba. But while they still sojourned in Fipa-
land, this chief died, and, lacking fhe strong binding influence of a powerful head, the
tribe rapidly fell to pieces. The heir-apparent was a boy named Mtwaro, who, how-
ever, resigned his right to another brother, Momtjgrji. These being minded to continue
their rule comparatively at rest in the Fipa country, another more 'progressive' party
favoured a renewed trek yet further ahead. This more restless section of adventurers
actually set out about the year 1846; and, giving the waRori a respectful berth, they
headed for the Kanongo country to the north-east of the latter tribe, and from thence
pushed further on, through Kawendi, to Ujiji town, an Arab and Native trading-centre
of importance on the shores of lake Tanganika, and well known from the writings of
Burton, Livingstone and Stanley. The unexpected appearance of these terrible plun-
derers in that busy little town caused an immediate panic in the market, and the
money-making Semites found their transactions abruptly closed. Taking to heart the
Shakesperean aphorism that discretion is the better part of valour, they and then-
Natives vanished en masse for Bangwe Isle, out in the waters of the lake. The wis-
dom of this step was immediately apparent, for the waTuta (as our psendo-Zulus
were here called), having duly killed all who had remainecTTJenind and finding nothing
further after their taste to plunder, speedily passed on. But they made a mistake
when they thought to pass without tribute through the country, further along the
lake, of those inveterate blackmailers the waHa. These headed them smartly off into
the Nyamwezi land, where they were again recognised by their old name, the mwa-
Ngoni. Cutting their way through tribe after tribe of this district, they eventually
passed through the waZinza, and the vast expanse of Victoria ;Xyanza spread like a
vision before them. But the sea has no fascination for the Zulu stock; so these lost
sons of the tribe, after having wandered full 1,700 miles from home, had here reached

\

— 58* —

their farthest point north and now retraced their steps southwards and settled them-
selves for a rest once more on the grassy downs of Gombaland. There, betwixt the
powerful walla tribe and the equally warlike people of Mira"fifbo, an Nyamwezi potentate,
the waTuta found time to indulge in a more beautiful occupation than fighting. An
unusual amount of love-making seems to have been done here, and the results conse-
quent on this were no doubt the most potent reason that caused this section of the
abaNgoni to give up further aimless wandering and settle down permanently in the
land. King after king sought the hand of a Tuta or Ngoni spouse, aye, even the
terrible Mirambo himself ensured a permanent fighting alliance with these doughty
warriors by taking one of their daughters into the bonds of wedlock.

Leaving this, the most advanced section of the erstwhile Zulu fugitives, still
enjoying life On the pasture-lands of Gomba, we shall now retrace our steps to the
Fipa country, about 500 miles further south, on the south-eastern shores of Tanganika,
and where the waTuta left their brethren the maViti, under their hereditary chief,
Mombera. — *t— ""*

The Gombaland party had scarcely separated from their Fipa comrades than
civil strife broke out among the latter. Certain other sons of Uzwangendaba conceived
the idea of contesting the sovereignty with Mombera. Fortunately the misunderstand-
ing was amicably weathered by the rightful chief being willing to move away with
his following, leaving the unsatisfied party, under Mperembe, where they were. M<>
mbera inarched off in a south-easterly direction, dealing death and devastation where^
ever obstruction was met with, until finally reaching the plains stretching along the
north-western side of Lake. Nyasa. As everywhere else, these restless freebooters
became the terror of all fluT tribes surrounding the lake, and that continuously until
peace, now fairly permanent, seems to have been introduced among them by the efforts
of the white missionaries.

The party left behind in the Fipa country, under Mperembe, afterwards followed
south and joined their brethern, submitting once more to the paramountcy of Mombera,
in 1891 still living, and now united constitute the great abaNgoni, or as the strange
local tribes call them, maViti, nation of Nyasaland.

We have now fairly unravelled the history of these puzzling and pillaging nom-
ads of Central Africa, these mysterious and much-named abaNgoni, aNgoni, mwa-
Ngoni, these maZitu, maViti and waTuta, these waHehe, waBunga and waGwangwara.
While from their migratory habits or their robbing propensities the Tumbukas of
Nyasaland called them maZitu, and the Yaos of the same region, maViti, and the
t lilies of Tanganika, waTuta, the name which clung to them firmest and longest
was that which they obtained nearest home, from our neighbours the Tongas,
viz. abaNguni, which afterwards by the interior tribes became transformed into
abaNgoni. Strange to say they have themselves still further corrupted the form
of the appellation — that is to say, given it a form altogether unpermissible accord-
ing to the principles of their original Zulu language — by calling themselves
abakwa Ngoni, the People of Ngoni, as though this latter were the proper name of
some ancestor, whereas it is simply the .Tonga way of saying 'Kafir.' For as we
have already noted, it was not only the section of Zulu fugitives whose descendants
are now speaking, as they say, itshiNgoni and dwelling along the shores of Nyasa,
who were dubbed throughout Tongaland as abaNguni. The Natives of our present-
day Zululand, as well as the people of Manukuza or Soshangane who remained behind
from the 'further northward' trek in Portuguese East Africa, were equally called
abaNguni, and even to-day the few families of purer 'Kafir' or Zulu (i.e. non-Tonga)
origin among Ngungunyana's so-called Shangana people, are still known by it. But
Buch families and such pure Zulu blood is nowadays among these latter people, and
still more so among the Central African specimens, the Ngonis, the Vitis and the Tutas,
practically non-existent. Those in the Portuguese territory absorbed all the Tonga
clans and Tonga blood within their own very extensive sphere of influence. Those
who travelled still further afield, into the central lakes regions, absorbed even still
more as they went, Tongas, Karangas, Sengas, Bisas, Fipas, Rungus, Tumbukas and
innumerable others, so that there is little possibility of there being much of the ori-
ginal Zulu blood, Zulu character and Zulu language left. The abaNgoni or maViti
"ii the north-western, western and southern shores of Lake Nyasa have probably
preserved more of the language— though perhaps less of the true mother blood— than
any other section of the whole multitude of original wanderers. We sometimes hear
the Hehes, the Henges, the Bungas (on the upper basin of the Rufiji and Ruaha rivers)

— 59* —

and the Gwangwaras or Tshondes (to the north-east of Nyasa), referred to as of the
Zulu stock. But their 'Zulu' origin merely consists, as we have before said, in their
having been at one time more or less incorporated, after conquest, into the migratory
Ngoni nation, from whom they subsequently cut themselves loose, taking along with
them no doubt a certain very small modicum of Zulu blood in a few of their higher fami-
lies and their women, but never enough to leaven their language with anything more
than a very remote and ordinary Bantu resemblance to the speech of the true Zulus.

The Passing of ' Nada the Lily.' It was probably some months after the close of
the last Ndwandwe war, that Nandi, the Great Female Elephant, and mother of Shaka,
passed away for a better land. The event, welcome, one would almost expect, to her,
took place probably about the middle of the year 1826, at the Ndhlayangubo kraal, on
the ridge between the Ngoye forest and the Mhlatuze river.

The Natives have a strong innate disposition to exaggerate in their talk, and
we fear that the reputation of Shaka, hideous as it already is, has been at times made
worse by this weakness. That Shaka was utterly callous as to the selection of his
victims is beyond doubt; relatives, friends, the harmless and the innocent, all went
the same way as criminals and foes, to all was distributed the like meed of ruthless
cruelty. This was patent to everybody ; so when at length his own mother went the
way of all flesh, there was ample justification for the Native mind suspecting, aye,
almost feeling assured, that she too had travelled by the wonted path, and this espe-
cially since the fortune of exceptional treatment had not been hers during life, blows
and abuse having been the too frequent mark of affection she received from her son.
Yet, notwithstanding that all Native accounts positively assert that Shaka really did
kill his mother, and that the explanation they give certainly predicates such an
ending, an open-minded student of history cannot fail to entertain some doubt as to
the fact. The great mass of Native knowledge is founded merely on hearsay ; but
our own countryman, Fynn, who was actually present in the kraal and with Nandi at
the hour of her departure, apparently neither observed nor heard anything of foul
play on Shaka's part. Indeed, the net effect of his narrative is to lead us to believe
that in his mother's death Shaka found his adamantine heart at length subdued and
capable for once of shedding a real tear. The Native accounts, on the other hand,
tell us, some, that he strangled her by binding a cord about her neck ; others, that
he poisoned her secretly; others again, that he stabbed her with an assegai, himself
actually holding up her arm and saying, while he pierced her in the arm-pit, ake
ngikuzivise! (let me make you feel what it is like to be stabbed). But all are unani-
mous in stating that the reason was because Nandi had dared to conceal a male child
born to Shaka by one of his concubines. The child, its mother, Nandi who had dared
to conceal it, and an elder brother of hers who had first brought it to her, were all !
alike, it is said, slaughtered.

Shaka, we may here remind, lived in a constant state of apprehension lest he
be assassinated. His only guarantee of self-preservation lay in his systematically kill-
ing off all such as might be tempted or capable of doing the deed. He evidently
did not suspect his brothers, or, what is more probable, feared their combination
against him, if he attacked any one of them ; but that the land should become laden
with actual sons of his own, born to him by his hundreds of concubines, was a con-
tingency he could by strict supervision avoid. To think that he could permit a single
one of these to attain to man's estate was to deem him foolish enough to overlook
just what, in old age, would furnish him with the source of greatest danger. That
Nandi, then, of all others, should attempt to purposely lay up for him such an evil,
to nurture for him a future assassinator, to thus thwart him in his most strenuous
efforts to avoid so fearful an end, was indeed most exasperating. As a matter of
fact, however, we should prefer to believe that Nandi was too wise to be guilty of so
unfortunate an indiscretion. Fynn, who was on the spot, knew nothing of it. Here
is his unvarnished account of her death: —

'While Shaka was engaged in hunting elephants, he received intelligence that
his mother was seriously ill, which induced him to suspend the hunt, and proceed
immediately to her residence, a distance of 80 miles from the hunting-ground, which
distance was travelled during the latter part of the day and the night. Fynn ' ( the
narrator writes his account in the third person) 'had been with Shaka some time . . .
Implicit confidence was placed in his skill, and he was on this occasion requested to
visit Shaka's mother. He found her in the agonies of death, and she expired an

— 60* —

hour after his arrival . . . When Shaka, accompanied by his chiefs in their war-attire,
appeared near the hut in which she had died, he stood for twenty minutes in a silent
melancholy attitude, while his tears dropped on his shield. At length his feelings
were ungovernable; he became frantic. The chiefs and people, to the number of about
15,(i(ii), commenced the most dismal and horrid yells. The inmates of the neighbouring
kraals came pouring in ... by morning the numbers had increased to upwards of
t>0,000. The cries now became indescribably horrid. Hundreds were lying faint from
excessive fatigue and want, although not less than 40 oxen had been slaughtered as
offerings to the spirits, the flesh of which was not allowed to .be. eaten . . . Shaka had
several (persons) executed on the spot. The multitude, bent on convincing their
chief of their extreme grief, commenced a general massacre. Those who could no
longer force tears from their eyes, those who were found near the river panting for
water, were furiously beaten to death; and, towards midday, each took this oppor-
tunity of revenging an injury, real or imaginary, the weak falling by the hands of
the stronger. By 3 o'clock, not less than 7,000 had fallen in this unjustifiable mas-
sacre. The adjacent river became impassable, and on the ground blood flowed in
streams. The horrid cries continued till 10 the following morning, when Shaka be-
came somewhat pacified, and the people were permitted to take some refreshment . . .
The following resolutions were strictly to be observed ... no cultivation was to be
allowed that year, no milk was to be taken as food, the milk of the cattle to be spilled
on the ground ; and all women who should be found in a state of pregnancy during
the following twelve months should, with their husbands, be punished with death . . .
On the third day after the death of the Great Female Elephant, a grave was dug
near the spot where she died, in which she was placed in a sitting posture; and Fynn
learned from some of the attendants, though it is now endeavoured to deny the fact,
that ten females of her retinue were buried alive with her. Fynn was prevented from
being an eye-witness to this scene, as he would, according to custom, have been com-
pelled to remain at the burying ground for twelve months after '.

Besides Fynn, the pioneer J. S. King was also present with Nandi, 'attending
her in her last illness', as Isaacs attests. Yet neither of these has made any mention
in his writings of Nandi having met a violent death.

Founding of the kwa'Dukuza kraal. The original southern boundary of the sev-
eral independent Zulu-speaking tribes had been, before Shaka's time, the Tukela and
Mzinyati rivers; south of these, and reaching as far as the Mzimkulu, were tekeza-
speaking Lala clans. In a very few years, Shaka had the face of the countiw totally
changed. Independent clans, Zulu-speaking and Lala alike, had all ceased to exist as
separate entities; their royal families had been destroyed or banished, and the whole
had now become indiscriminately mixed up into one vast amalgam, which we may
call the Zulu nation, with Shaka at its head.

Although the Mpondos and Sutos and many other neighbouring peoples sent
tribute to Shaka, as a wi&e"* piece of policy -tending to save themselves the misfortune
of having it compelled from them by force, their territories had not yet been incor-
porated into the Zulu empire. The actual boundary of the Zulu country and extreme
southern limit of inhabited territory, extended, at the period of the arrival of the
English pioneers in 1824, not beyond the Tongati river. The Zulu-speaking tribes
still confined themselves mostly to their old districts north of the Tukela, while the
country between the Tukela and the Tongati contained within it all that remained of
the broken Lala clans which had previously occupied the whole of present-day Natal,
from the Tukela to the Mzimkulu. Between the Tongati and the latter river was,
at the period referred to, that vast uninhabited wilderness, already described in a
previous section, in which now lurked nothing but outlawed waifs and strays, hyoenas,
and bands of men-hunters.

In order to bring himself into closer proximity with those powerful nations on
the south, the Mpondo and Suto, whom he had not yet actually conquered by force
of arms, Shaka now had a military-kraal built at kwa'Dukuza (where Stanger town
now is), south of the Tukela, in Natal, his headquarters, however, still remaining at
Bulawayo, beyond the Mlalazi river, in Zululand.

Shaka as a Wizard. Shaka about this time developed a new trait of character.
He made the discovery that he possessed supernatural powers, could interpret dreams,
smell out witchcraft, and perform in fact all the marvellous feats hitherto considered

— 61* —

the sole privilege of the witchdoctors. That so mighty a king should possess these
powers seemed to Shaka self-evident. It was on the face of it impossible to suppose
that any among his subjects could have powers which their king had not, and absurd
to believe that any mortal could have a greater dominion over the spirit-world than
he, to whom all the great dead had bowed. This new idea, further, provided him
with an agreer.ble hobby wherewith to break the monotony of lib; while his warriors
were absent on the war-path. At any rate, the female portion of the population would
always be at home, and they were amply sufficient for a fair exercise of his powers.
So he had a few hundreds of them collected, and naively enquired whether any of them
were possessed of cats (i.e. izitfigaka — see text), thereby hinting, of course, that
they had and that he knew all about it. However, says Fynn, 'whether tin' answer
was in the affirmative or the negative, the result was the same. During three days
the dead bodies of women, numbering not less than three or four hundred, were seen
carried away to the rivers or left to the wolves; and that in the absence of their hus-
bands'— fighting for their king and country!

On another occasion, relates Isaacs, a certain nephew of Dingiswayo's, named
Mbiya, and a great man in the Mtetwa tribe during Shaka's youth, appeared to him
in a vision and gave him to understand that Senzaiigakona (Shaka's father) was 'very
angry' with the Zulu people, because they were no longer so smart as they used to
be, 'that the nation was growing too large and required constant employment, and
that there were plenty of enemies yet to conquer before they could think to busa (i.e.
enjoy good easy times).' This was truly an ominous observation for an apparition
to make, and so soon after Shaka had moved his kraal within easier fighting distance
of the great southern tribes.

Embassy to King George. But the removal to Dukuza, had another advantage
— it brought Shaka nearer to his recently acquired friends, the Whitemen at Porl
Natal. He could now receive more frequent visits from these interesting people.
What crafty tactics he had already formed in the secrecy of his heart in their regard
was not yet apparent. It seemed more probable that he had already acquired some
notion of the almighty power that lay behind them, and so deemed a friendly mien
as safer and more politic. He thus conceived the admirable idea of sending two of
his regiments 'to England' to learn to read, and manufacture firearms and wagons,
and many other fascinating accomplishments he had marked on his White subjects.
To prepare the way for his — and probably as the result of a shrewd suggestion
thrown out by these latter — he forthwith despatched two of his councillors, Sotobe,
son of Mpangalala, of the Sibiya clan, and Mbozamboza, under the care of James
Saunders King, to pay a friendly visit on his behalf 'to King George.' In considera-
tion of this service, he presented King with a document, signed February, 1828, at the
Bulawayo kraal, repeating in his favour all the concessions of land about Port Natal
and trading rights throughout his dominions, which he had already, in 1824, conceded
to Lieut. Farewell, at that time absent in the Cape Colony, but who afterwards, in
the early years of Dingana's reign, attempted to return to Natal by an overland route
and was murdered by Qetu, chief of the Qwabe refugees then dwelling near the St.
John's River. How far King really proposed to take the Zulu envoys is unknown,
but probably it was not further than Capetown. Howbeit, he fell himself grievously
ill at Algoa Bay, and had perforce to return with his proteges to Durban, where,
after a very short time, he succumbed, much to the sorrow of Shaka.

The Mpondo and Soshangane Campaigns. That pseudo-apparition of Mbiya was
at length, in the early part of the year 1828, to materialise into sterner consequences.
The nation was to be given some of that 'constant employment' recommended by
the spectral chief. There was to be a campaign on a scale of unprecedented magnitude.
Aged and young, the rich and the poor and the worthless alike, anybody and every-
body, with the sole exception of females and small children, shall be massed together
in one vast force — an u-Kukulela-ngoqo (or indiscriminate raking together of all and
every rubbish), as Shaka called it — and proceed to conquer what still remained of
the reachable world.

So, first off to the Mpondos they marched. But the Mpondos waited not till
the looming mass rushed overwhelming down upon them. They executed a hurried
retreat, vainly flinging their little spears as they ran at the on-rushing wave of de-
struction, leaving their cattle to be licked up in its passage. But not their chief. Faku

— 62* -

had taken the timely precaution to be hidden securely away in the deepest recesses
of the Grosa forest, from which he emerged only after being informed that the in-
vading monster had withdrawn its unhallowed presence from his land. In order to
give any further developments a timely check, he at once despatched certain ambas-
sadors to tender on his behalf the most humble submission to the Zulu Majesty, in
the vicinity of whose Dukuza kraal one of them was to take up his permanent resi-
dence, and so remain a perpetual pledge in Shaka's sight.

Such an easy and absolute victory was very magnificent and flattering to Sha-
ka's army, but it was altogether too rapid. Here was the whole mass of 'human
rubbish,' whom he believed it his sacred duty to keep 'constantly occupied,' again
thrown on his hands. Somewhere away in the remote north was an escaped rebel
named Soshangane. Let them, then, thither, where good service may be done and
entertainment for a considerable time be found.

The army, it is true, had returned from Pondoland with unusual speed, but
precisely on that account also thoroughly fatigued. There were no commissariat
corps attached to Shaka's armies, nor medical attendance for the wounded and sick,
and if each of the twenty or thirty thousand hungering warriors got every day but
i.nw small snack from the few oxen slaughtered as their only food supply, he was
lucky. With such a system, lengthy campaigns were cruel and impossible. But rea-
sonableness and sentiment were qualities unknown to Shaka's nature. So, without a
single day's break in their continuous march, without a passing look at their homes
or families, without a rest, or one good meal, or a little medical attendance, the whole
ukukulela-ngoqo or raking-together-of-all-the-rubbish was hustled unceremoniously by
to seek further victories away in the unknown north, somewhere or anywhere about
the Balule (or Limpopo) river, where it was fondly imagined Soshangane would be
found awaiting them. Right through the length of Natal and Zululand they trudged,
a vast multitude of limping, sinking, emaciated, growling humanity, into the fever-
lands beyond the Sutu. There, amidst the interminable expanses of waterless thorn-
veldt and plains reeking with malarial gases, they drank in their full of the deadly
miasma and were mowed down in thousands by an invisible and unchallengeable foe.
A lew with stronger constitutions and more undaunted spirits, struggled, it is said,
still further ahead, as far as Inhambane, some 350 miles from their homes, but only
to find the phantom enemy still far, far beyond. Then, after having attained nothing
more than a few unimportant skirmishes, and even these not always successes, the
grande armee returned, downcast and disgraced, picking up, as it went, what stragglers
remained of the malaria-decimated legions, and finally reached home to delight in a
blessing it had never expected. The long, dark night of tyranny and woe had passed
never to return, and a sunnier day of hope and rest had dawned upon the land.

The Assassination of Shaka. The intollerabe despot had at length laid the last
straw upon the patient back of his people. As the Great Army was wending its wa)'
to the Balule, and Dingana and Mhlangana, Shaka's brothers, were limping along, sore-
footed and sullen in its rear, the devil of conspiracy entered within them, and thejr
determined that now the end must come. Here was an opportunity that might never
present itself again; Shaka alone in an empty land, peopled only by females! So they
disclosed their thoughts to Mbopa, son of Sitayi, and body-servant of Shaka, and
enlisted him in their service. All three thereupon discovered that they were taken
ill, and must reluctantly return to their home, Mpande and the other brothers con-
tinuing their way with the army. Their sudden appearance at Dukuza naturally filled
Shaka's guilty heart with woful suspicion. Instinct, exalted in the face of imminent
death, spoke loudly that something fearful was about to happen. These racking pre-
sentiments reproduced themselves at night as hideous dreams. At last, writes Fynn,
'he dreamt that he was dead and that Mbopa was serving another king. On waking
it was the 24th. September, 1828,— he told his dream to one of his 'sisters' (or con-
cubines), who within an hour mentioned the circumstance to Mbopa. This, knowing
that in consequence of the portent, he would not have many hours to live, urged the
confederates to take the first opportunity to assassinate the king; and this shortly
occurred. Some Kafirs arriving from remote parts of the country with cranes' feathers,
which the king had sent them to procure, the king was dissatisfied at their having
been so long absent, lie came out of his hut, and went to a small kraal some fifty
yards distant (from the Dukuza kraal). There these people sat down before him.
NKuyazonke, brother to Nandi (the king's mother), an old man much in favour

_-63* -

with the king was also there. Shaka asking in a severe tone what had detained them
so long with the feathers, Mbopa ran up to them with a stick and called on them to
state why they had delayed so long to fulfil the king's orders, and then struck them.
Being aware that their lives were in danger, and supposing that Mbopa had, as is
usual when someone is ordered to death, received the private signal, they all ran
away. Shaka, seeing them run, asked Mbopa what they had done to deserve being
driven off in this way. Mhlangana and Dingana had hidden themselves behind a
small fence near which Shaka was standing, and each had an assegai concealed under
his kaross. The former, seeing the people run off, and the king by himself, stabbed
him through the back on the left shoulder. Dingana also closed upon him and stab-
bed him. Shaka had only time to ask: 'What is the matter, children of my father?'
But the three repeated their stabs in rapid succession, so that he died after running
a few yards beyond the gate of the kraal. The few people at the kraal and in the
neighbourhood ran to the bush, believing that now heaven and earth would come
together!' But no such calamity happened, notwithstanding that the corpse lay out on
the veldt all night long, and that on the morrow great Shaka's body was ignominious-
ly consigned to an old corn-pit in the kraal in which he was stabbed, and, along witli
all his body-ornaments, there safely bottled up for all eternity, after having polluted
this earth with his unholy presence for a period of about 41 years.

Interregnum and Reign of Dingana. Inasmuch as the Zulu army was absent
in the north and the Zulu army comprised the whole male population of the land
it was manifestly impossible to proceed with the appointment of a new king. The
administration of affairs was assumed by Mbopa, with the connivance of the brother
assassins, as whose tool he acted.

From the paternal side of Shaka's family there was nothing to be feared, for
none had a prior right or more powerful influence than had Dingana and Mhlangana ;
but from the maternal side, some trouble might be anticipated. Radical measures
must therefore be taken to prevent such a development. Mbopa was accordingly
dh'ected to assemble together what few men could be found in the neighbourhood.
With these he first attacked and murdered without resistance, Nguj'azonke, the aged
brother of Nandi, and one or two other favourites of Shaka, still resident in the
Dukuza kraal, after which the whole company set out to remove Shaka's half-brother,
Ngwadi, son of Nandi by Ngendeyana.

The departure of this expedition against Ngwadi, and which both Dingana and
Mhlangana accompanied, marked the last connection of the Zulu court with the Du-
kuza kraal, whose solitary occupant was now the carcase of Shaka, rotting in a corn-
pit. From the Wambaza kraal of Ngwadi, situate between the White and Black Mfo-
lozi, and where, after a brave resistance, he had been finally killed, the party of
murderers returned to Shaka's headquarters at Bulawayo, not far from Eshowe.
There they awaited the return of the straggling remnants of the Grande Armee—a.
sorry half of the entire force, who had been fortunate to survive both famine and
fever, the remainder struggling along in small parties during the next quarter of a
year, according as they could gather strength to do so on an occasional meal of locusts,
which plague, by the bye, seems to have been as familiar then as it is now.

Meanwhile jealousy rapidly evidenced itself between the two brothers. Both
strongly aspired to the throne, but plainly both could not win the prize. Petty quar-
rels naturally followed, and suspicion was the main feeling each experienced for the
other. Mhlangana became avowedly impatient about the tardiness of the army to
arrive, but Dingana was more restful in the consciousness of his superior claim to
the kingship. Still, he would have been much more peaceful at heart were his brother
not there to disturb him in his ambitions. So, when he one day discovered Mhlangana
vigorously whetting his assegai for use, he instinctively felt that it might have some
significance to himself. He immediately caused Mbopa to make secret enquiries, and
from the remarks made by Mhlangana, that Dingana was 'too much of a fool to be
capable of filling a throne, and he most certainly should not be king,' Mhlangana' s
intentions became plainly revealed. Why, then, wait any longer? Without one mo-
ment's delay, Dingana proceeded with a small party to Mhlangana's hut Then and
there this latter was brought out and forthwith killed.

Within the space of a fortnight after this, the first companies of the army
arrived, to find Dingana in sole possession of the royal kraal of Bulawayo. The gloomy
forebodings that had racked them on their march were transformed into an ecstasy

_-64* -

of joy when they found the land ridded for ever of Shaka'a presence. Nor did the
most likely of them contemplate for one moment any attempt at disputing with Di-
ngana regarding the succession. Enough for them was it, if they were granted in
peace to crawl into their huts and rest, and await there in calm acquiescence the next
turn of events. And the next turn was refreshing and inspiring, for Dingana assured
the land of reforms and instilled into the hearts of the people hopes at length of
brighter days.

Alas, for those hopes! No sooner had Dingana firmly established himself in
power, than he commenced a catalogue of cruelties and crimes not one whit less dia-
bolical than those of his predecessor. He set about a systematic extermination of all
that remained of his family and relatives, all his friends and former comrades, the
great ones of the nation, Mbopa not excepted. Only Mpande, a quiet, effeminate
youth and brother of his, of about 24 years of age, was permitted to live as a simple-
ton, utterly harmless. But in this act of pseudo-clemency, he unwittingly set the seed
of bis own destruction.

We do not propose to enumerate here all the historical events of Dingana's
reign, nor of the still longer reign of his successor, Mpande. These more recent
occurrences, taking place after the advent of the White Colonists in the land, are too
well known to require repetition here.

The First Missionaries. In February, 1835, Captain Allen Gardiner, a self-appoint-
ed missionary adventurer arrived, and made the first futile effort to evangelise the
Zulus. Freedom to work was refused him by the Zulu king, and he returned discon-
solate to Port Natal. Here he established himself as a preacher among the settlers,
and was afterwards appointed the local justice of the peace, representing the British
Government. He eventually departed in search of better missionary success in far
Patagonia, where he met a sad death. On December 20th. of the same year, the Revs.
Ahlen Grout, G. Champion and Dr. Adams, of the American Mission, arrived at Port
Natal. On January 18th, 1836, they reached Dingana's kraal, and with his permission
established missions near the mouth of the Mhlatuze and elsewhere. They were
shortly afterwards reinforced by the advent of the Revs. Dr. Wilson and H. L.
Venable, who had formerly been with Mzilikazi. Towards the end of the year 1837,
the Rev. Mr. Owen, of the Church Missionary Society, appeared at Dingana's kraal
at Mgungundhlovu, in the vicinity of which he was allowed to erect a small mission.
He endeavoured to repeat Capt. Gardiner's efforts to convert Dingana, and even got
him so far as to receive a few lessons in reading; but his pious labours were not
rewarded with perseverance on the part of his royal pupil, and were soon doomed to
come to an abrupt close in an awful tragedy.

Massacre of the Boers. Just prior to his arrival at Mgungundhlovu, a certain
Pieter Retief, a leader of the Boer emigrants from the Cape Colony, who were even
then streaming down over the Drakensberg Mountains into the Zulu coast-lands, came
on November 5th., 1837, to visit Dingana, in order to seek permission for his people
to reside in what is now Natal. To this petition the king assented, provided Retief
should recover for him certain cattle recently raided by Sigonyela, chief of the ma-
Ntatis in the Transvaal. This task satisfactorily accomplished, Retief returned to
Dingana, reaching the Mgungundhlovu kraal on the 3rd. February, 1838, bringing
with him the re-captured cattle and accompanied by sixty-nine other Boers and thirty
Natives. Great hospitality was shown the party during their stay, the deed of con-
ion was duly made out and signed, and on the third day, the 6th. February, the
farmers assembled unarmed in the kraal, preparatory to taking their farewell, when
treacherously fallen upon and slain, neither Boer nor Native-servant escaping. Mr.
Owen was within the immediate vicinity of the kraal, 'reading his Testament,' while
the massacre was being enacted; but this terrible crime was a signal for his speedy
exit from Zululand, along with that of all the American missionaries. Their generous
sacrifices on behalf of the Zulus had been in vain. The missions were in every case
abandoned and never re-opened, and not a single Christian was left behind in the land.

Dingana had all the cruel nature and brutishness of his brother Shaka, but
none of his martial genius. Like him he never had a wife, nor left a child, though
In- freely indulged his passions among hundreds of concubines. Not a single military
enterprise of note occurred during his reign to add some tinsel to his fame. There
wa^ a partly successful attack made about August, 1837, on Mzilikazi, then in the

— 65* —

Transvaal, when their returning with a large booty of cuttle scarcely counterbalanced
the considerable portion of their army left annihilated on the field. An abortive at-
tempt to conquer the Swazis, with its single questionable victory resulting only in
the project being abandoned, was the only other warlike undertaking throughout the
twelve years of his reign. And yet there was ample abundance of cold-blooded and
cowardly massacres of helpless people, and constant petty fighting with parties of
immigrant Boers, all resulting in much bloodshed and devoid of glory or gain.

Flight of Mpande. Meanwhile, Mpande, now grown to be a man of about 35 years,
had, save for the apathetic part he took in the Swazi expedition, been quietly en-
joying the dolce far niente in his Gqikazi kraal, near the village of Eshowe, sur-
rounded by beer-pots and numerous young wives, and disturbing none. He thus
made for himself no enemies, and his popularity and even power among a large sec-
tion of the community, grew apace. So much so that jealousy once more rankled in
the breast of Dingana. This Mpande, on his part, did not fail to observe; so when
Dingana one day peremptorily summoned him to appear before him at the Mgungu-
ndhlovu kraal, Mpande saw right through the manoeuvre and executed a rapid re-
treat, With 17,000 of his Zulu adherents, over the Tukela, into the shadow of the aegis
of the Boers. This great influx of Zulu residents into Natal took place in September,
1839, and those who took part in it are referred to by the Natives as the igoda lika
'Mpande or Mpande's rope. The majority, of course, subsequently followed Mpande
back into Zululand, but probably a few thousands remained.

Encamped near the Tongati river, in territory now practically annexed b}- the
Boers, Mpande at once entered into negotiations with the latter, whose headquarters
were then at what they called Boschjesmans Rand, afterwards the site of Maritzburg
town. The result was that the more or less helpless farmers were glad to avail them-
selves of Mpande's peaceful overtures, and consented to assist him to remove from
their and his vicinity that dreadful element, Dingana. Mpande mustered his army
forthwith — for with the Zulus every adult male was ipso facto also a fighting-man
- and placed it under the direction of the induna, Nongalaza. Himself, as a pledge
of good-faith, he accompanied the Boer contingent, 600 strong. With these also went
'in chains' the great induna of Dingana, named Nzobo (in the narratives of Colonists
generally called by his praise-name, Dambuza). He had been sent by Dingana a shor
time before with a message, or perhaps more probably as a spy, to the Boers at
Boschjesmans Band. But upon Mpande's appearing, he had been detained, and was
subsequently, upon the evidence of Mpande and others, convicted of having been the
instigator of the massacre of Retief's party and responsible for other crimes, and so
was summarily executed by being shot.

Overthrow and Death of Dingana. Dingana had already come to realise that with
the recent formidable increase of strength among the White settlers to the south, his
own sovereignty beyond the Tukela was now virtually at an end. To balance the
loss, an extension of territory must be made to the north. He therefore conceived
the ambitious notion of conquering the Swazi king, Sobuza, and obtaining possession
of his land. A first attempt he had already made, but unsuccessfully, having lost half
his force in the fight. Nevertheless, he still cherished the idea, and it was primarily
in furtherance of this project that he had already shifted his head-quarters from Mgu-
ngundhlovu to the Magundu Hills, eight miles south of the Pongolo river and not
far from the Swazi border.

At the Maqongqo Hills, still further south, the army of Mpande met that of
Dingana, on the 29th. January, 1840. The two forces were fairly matched, and for a
long time each failed to move the balance. Ultimately Dingana's warriors were out-
done, and fled, with their king, to beyond the Pongolo and into quasi-Swazi territory.
So incensed was he at this humiliating defeat suffered at the hands of Mpande, whom
he had always referred to as a mere female and had only permitted to live out of
sheer contempt, that he at once ordered the execution of his great induna, Ndhlela,
who, indeed, had already been wounded in the fight. He even went so far as to rally
his troops to a second effort, when his heart sank within him at the sudden appear-
ance of his old foe, the Boers, galloping towards him. These had been about 60 miles
distant while the great battle was in progress, but immediately they received tidings
of the victory, they vigorously set about pursuing the routed fugitives. Dingana,
however, evaded their search, and succeeded in safely concealing himself, with some

E

— 66* —

of his females, a small supply of cattle, and, some reported, about a hundred warriors,
in the Illatikulu forest, on tbp Tlb^mhn (or Obonjeni) range. Here, unable to provide
his following with food, he was driven to making foraging raids into Swaziland. This
quickly brought down upon him the chastisement of the Queen-regent, Sobuza being
• lead, and a party of warriors were sent to get rid of him. They surrounded his
kraal during the night, and succeeded in placing a spear in his side as he fled forth.
Ih« safely reached a friendly ki*aal in the neighbourhood, where he died from his
wound after lingering three days, and was buried on the spot. His following in Zulu-
land now dispersed and a large number passed over into Natal, they being contemp-
tuously dubbed by Mpande's people as the umdidi ka' NdhLela or Ndhlela's rectum.

Reign of Mpande. On the 10th. February, 1840, Pretorins, the commander of
the Boers, proclaimed Mpande king of the Zulus. His reign, in accordance with his
natural disposition, was mainly one of peace. Still, it had its turbulent and even san-
guinary periods. In 1843, the king began to become tortured by the old canker of jeal-
ousy and suspicion that afflicts all who attain to power by the road of violence. He
believed, with reason or without, that his only living brother, Gququ, was planning
against him, and had him killed. This sent the usual thrill of consternation among that
brother's adherents, and, about the middle of the year, a great number of them (dubbed
tin' ufa luka'Mawa or pudenda Mawas) followed his aunt, Mawa, in her flight into Natal.

Mpande's natural weakness of character soon manifested itself in his utter in-
ability to maintain discipline in his own household. His sons, Cetshwayo and Mbulazi,
quarrelled over the succession even during his lifetime and in his Tery presence. The
former was his eldest son, born of Ngqumbazi, daughter of Manzini, but the other
was his father's favourite, born of his favourite wife, Monase. Cetshwayo's following,
mostly resident in the country south of the Mhlatuze, were called the uSutu party,
while that of Mbulazi, dwelling about the Mfolozi and beyond, were distinguished as
the iziGqoza. The forces of the contestants met, on the 2nd. December, 185G, on the
flats of Ndondakusuka, just above the lower drift of the Tukela. The army of Ce-
tshwayo, being nearly three times in number that of his opponent, found little diffi-
culty in utterly defeating the latter. Mbulazi and five other sons of Mpande, including
Mantantashiya and Madumba, full brothers of Mbulazi, were killed.

After this extermination of all the sons of his beloved Monase, excepting only
one boy named Mkungo, whom he secretly got over the Tukela into the care of
bishop Colenso, Mpande began to show a marked favouritism towards a certain
younger wife whom he had affiliated to the branch of the family ruled by Monase.
The ire and jealousy of Cetshwayo now fell upon this woman and her offspring.
Again, quite regardless of his father, he had the kraal, in which she resided, surround-
ed and the mother with all her children ruthlessly slain. But as it happened, the
chief sons of the kraal, Mtonga and Mgidhlana, were fortuitously absent, and even-
tually escaped over the border into Boer territory.

This internecine warfare constantly carried on among Mpande's own people and
within his own family, gave rise to a further emigration of Natives into Natal, a large
portion of the adherents of Mbulazi betaking themselves there.

After a reign of 32 years, Mpande died a natural death, in the year 1872.

Reign of Cetshwayo. Cetshwayo now became king. His policy was not so peace-
ful, nor so prudent in regard to his White neighbours, as was that of his father, and
ultimately led him into conflict with the British. On the 11th. January, 1879, the small
British force crossed the Tukela, and on the 28th. of August, in the same year, Ce-
tshwayo was captured near the Ngome forest. On the 9th. January, 1883, the 'Algerine'
appeared in a small bight of the sea north of the mouth of the Mlalazi river in Zulu-
land, and on the following day Cetshwayo was brought safely through the surf, and
restored to at least a portion of his broken kingdom. On the 8th. February, 1884, he
died, of fatty degeneration of the heart, in a temporary kraal in which he was stay-
ing, just outside Eshowe.

Dinuzulu, the eldest son of Cetshwayo and at the time a mere lad, now, as
late, according to his father's expressed desire, though certainly without any
formal appointment by the council of the nation, succeeded to the mere shadow of a
throne. Even this he eventually lost, when, like his father, he came into conflict with
tin- British Government. He was convicted of certain state crimes and banished for
ten years to the Island of St. Helena. He is now re-instated as a headman in the
Nongoma district in the north of Zululand.

A COMPARISON OF THE ZULU

WITH THE

SANSKRIT, ARABIC, MALAY, PAPUAN,
POLYNESIAN AND NEGRO LANGUAGES.

THE question of the origin of human language has a very close bearing on that
of the origin of the human species generally, and a likeness in the speech of the
diverse primitive races of mankind would furnish one of the strongest evidences
of a commonness of descent. In all the African family of languages, the Zulu may be
regarded as one of the most ancient and best preserved examples. It occupies there-
in a place similar to that helcHby the Sanskrit in the Aryan family and Arabic in the
Semitic. A comparison between these three specimens of human speech as to any
common traits of character must therefore be of high interest and value to anthro-
pologists. Of course, a thorough comparison would demand, first of all, a profound
acquaintance with all three languages, and, secondly, a special study of comparative
philology. Yet even the cursory examination of a mere amateur will not be without
its usefulness, especially in that it may suggest to scholars the more promising points
for profounder research.

In comparing languages for original relationships, we must consider, first, their
respective grammatical constructions, and, secondly, the words of which they are
composed; and of the latter, the primary parts of speech, the pronouns, numerals,
prepositions and the like, as being most persistent, will engage the chief attention.
The names of materials, and even of actions, are so constantly open to changeful
influences, that similarities of form in their regard are of much less importance.
Nevertheless, even such common likenesses have their own story to tell, and are use-
ful to study, if only in a lesser degree.

Sanskrit. In regard to grammatical construction, a brief study of the Sanskrit
language fails to reveal any more prominent signs of relationship with the Zulu than
might be traceable in almost any other of the ancient languages. In almost every-
thing save the verb, the Sanskrit seems to be much more highly elaborated than
the Zulu; but in regard to the verb, the Zulu infinitely surpasses it in perfection.
The Sanskrit, with its nominal and pronominal declensions, and suffixes abounding in
ma and us, has a distinctly 'classical' appearance, which, of course, is only natural
seeing that it is the mother of both Greek and Latin.

Neither in Sanskrit nor in Zulu is there any indefinite article, so that purushah
and umu-ntu, * without further addition, express 'a man.' But the Skr. has a definite
article sa, which the Zulu has not.

The most marked divergence between the two languages is that the one is
suffix and the other prefix using. We find, therefore, in the grammar and construc-
tion of the nouns absolutely no mutual resemblance.

* Wherever a Zulu word is fouurl internally divided by a hyphen, only the latter por-
tion must be regarded as the actual root-word, the first portion being merely a prefix, having
no more force than e.y. the suffix a at the end of the Latin word mots-a.

E*

— 68* -

In both Languages pure adjectives are conspicuous by their rarity, the qualifying
thoughts being expressed by specially constructed forms; but then in the Skr. these
constructed words, once made, assume the form and take the inflexions of true adjec-
tives, whereas in Zulu they take the form mostly of relative phrases having merely
the force of adjectives. In the former language, also, the degrees of comparison are
lemaiieally formed and declined, whereas in the Zulu the thought of comparison,
lecially in the superlative degree, is barely expressible.

But the Zulu is one with the Skr. in possessing a complete system of enumer-
ation up to 1,000. As with the ordinary adjectives, so here the numerals in Zulu
adopt a simple relative form, whereas the Skr. numerals are complicated with declen-
sions according to gender, number and case. The Z. word nye (one) might be com-
pared, not with the S. eka (one) but rather any a (other), in which sense also the Z.
word is frequently used. Similarly, S. dvi (two) and Z. bill; S. tri (three) and Z.
tatu\ S. panchan (five) and Z. ntlanu; S. dashan (ten) and Z. i-shumi.

The Skr. personal pronoun for the 1st. person singular {aham, I; ma, me, etc.)
has n> as the prominent consonant and a as the prominent vowel throughout all its
cases, the Zulu exhibiting a similar peculiarity in its emphatic form of the same
pronoun (mina, I, or me), as well as in the dative (mi, me). Also again in the pos-
sessive adjectives derived therefrom (iva-mi, of me).

In the Skr. 2nd. pers. sing., we find the prominent vowel throughout all its
eases to be u (sometimes changed into the semivowel v), in various consonantal
combinations. The same is the case in Z., though the consonant chosen for combina-
tion in this latter is a k, instead of the t of the former. Thus Skr. tvam, (thou, nom. or
ace.) and Z. u (thou, nom.), ku (ace), w-ena = u-ena (emphatic form for both cases).

The distinguishing adjectives or pronouns in Z. are formed generally by prefixing
the particle le to the personal pronouns li, si, etc.; thus le-li (this), le-si, etc. The Skr.
sometimes forms the same pronoun by prefixing the particle e to the same pronoun
of the 3rd. person, thus e-tad (from the pers. pron. tad, he).

Tlve Z. generally forms the relative pronoun by prefixing an a to the nominal
prefixes, with the initial letter of which it coalesces, thus a with isi (it) becomes esi
( which ). So in the Skr. the relative is formed by joining a y to the personal pro-
nouns (sas, tan, te, it), the first letter of which it displaces, making yas, yau, ye,
( which).

The interrogative pronoun 'who?' or 'which?' is formed in Skr. by joining a k
(instead of the y as above) on to the personal pronouns, whose initial it displaces
( thus, kas, who? kau, who? ke, which?), in a somewhat similar way to the Z. which
affixes the particle pi (where?) to the end of the same pronouns, this li-pi, si-pi, etc.
But the letter k is precisely that consonant which is prominent also in the Skr. word
for 'where?' (viz. ki$a).

We find in the Skr. a reflective pronoun sva, denoting possession, as the Eng.
'my own,' which is at any rate reminiscent of the Z. reflective particle zi (self) used
in conjunction with verbs.

Both a and na wre find in the Skr. expressing negation; in Z. we have a again
as well as nga, as the common negative particles used with verbs to express 'not.'

A remote relationship, we think, is noticeable between the prepositional particles
Skr. a fi, across, antar, within, and the Z. pa-kati, through, inside; the Skr. ni, down,
and the Z. pa-ntsi, down; the Skr. nir, out, and the Z. pa-ndhle, outside; the Skr.
eha, and, and the Z. na, and or with.

There is in Skr. no less than in Z. a causative form of verbs, expressing both
actual causation and simply allowing or suffering. In the former, it is formed by
adding ay to the verbal root, in the latter by adding isa.

But in the Zulu the suffix isa is also used to give the verb an 'intensitive'
form. A similar suffix, isha or sa, is used in the Skr. to give the verb a 'desidera-
tive' or desiring form.

The passive form is constructed in Skr. by affixing the particle ya to the root
of the verb, just as in Z. the particle wa is used for the same purpose.

The Skr. future passive participle, taking the affix ya, is equivalent in force to
the neuter-passive form of verb in Z., taking the affix eka, and conveying the meaning
of the English suffix 'able' or 'ible' (thus, tand-eka, be lovable).

When, however, we come to the vocabulary of the Skr. and Zulu languages,

find resemblances much more abundant. But in noting this, we by no means

intend to assert that there has ever been any immediate connection between the two

— 69* —

races. Much more probable is it, that the mutual similarity of speech is the common
likeness of both languages to a single primeval tongue.

The following list of roots, crudes, bases and other Skr. forms, casually collect-
ed, will at any rate testify that this resemblance actually does exist and that it is very
suggestive of an original relationship.

Zulu

i-gamu (name) . .
i-nyoka (snake) . .
mnandi (stveet) . .

in-kuku (fowl) . .
isi-kati (time) . . .
am-andhla (strength)

is-andhla (hand) .
is-ando (hammer)
ganda, kanda (pound )
ba (be) ....
u-baba (father)
baneka ( light up ) \
u-bani ( lightning ) )
camanga (think, N.)
cuma ( increase ) \
hluma (groiv) /
dala (create) . .
dalala (split) . .
dangala ( be wearied
de (long) ....
depa (grow tall) .
dhla (eat) . . .
duma (thunder) .
etula (lift down) .
fa (die) ....
fisa (desire) . . .
um-fula (river )\
im-vula (rain) J
nuka (Su. river) .
in-gila (throat)
haha (eat ravenously
hamba (walk) . .
hlala (stay) \
sala ( remain ) i
kace (black) . .
i-kanda ( head ) . .
kanya (shine) . .
in-kawu (ape) . .
um-konto (spear)
kula (grow) . . .
kulu (large) . .

isi-kumba (skin) .
in-kunzi (bull) . .
lila (weep) . . .
luba (desire) . .
mamateka (smile)
u-mame (mother)
mila (germinate) .
qa (no) ....
ndiza (fly) . . .

Sanskrit

Zulu

Sanskrit

naman

i-nyanga (moon) .

chandramas

naga

osa (roast) . . .

osami (/ burn)

madhu (honey), ma-

pa (give) ....

da

dhura (sweet).

peka (cook) . . .

paka (cooking, fr.

kukhuta

pach, cook)

amati, kala

puza (drink) . .

. pa

han (strike), ojman

sa (dawn) . . .

. ushas

(strength)

saba ( fear ) . . .

bhi, bhaya

han (strike)

sha ( burn ) . . .

dah, ush

han (strike)

i-so (eye) ....

akshe

han (strike)

isi-su (belly, womb)

su (beget)

bhu

tamba (be mild) .

dam (tame)

tata; pa (nourish)

tanda (love) . . .

van

h\\a. (shine), bhanu

tusa (praise) . .

. stu

(sun)

wa (fall) ....

. pat

man

ya (go) ....

• ya

tu (increase)

za ( come ) ga

i-zulu ( sky, lightning ) dy ut ( shine ), vidy ut

dhama

( lightning )

dal

zwa (hear, live) .

, shra (hear); swar

glana (wearied)

(sound); jiva (life)

dirgh

i-cala (crime) . . .

papa

drih (groiv)

um-hlabati (earth)

bhutala

ad, ghas

aka (dwell) . . .

. kshi

dhu (shake)

apula (break) . .

. lup

tul (lift)

bamba (hold) . .

bandh (bind)

ha (leave)

banda (split) . .

bhanj

ish (desire), vi

beta (strike) . .

, badh

plu (flow)

bopa (bind) . . .
cija (sharpen) . .

bandh
cho

nadi

in-dawo (place) .

dhama

gir-a ( swallowing )

dhlala (sport) . .

. las

ghas (eat)

i-dhlozi (spirit, 01

p

gam, kram (go )

dead)

dyaus (sky)

stha

in-doda (husband)

dhava

dontsa (draw) . . .

duh

kala

i-dwala (rock) . . .

upalas

kapala

enza (do) ....

sadh ( accomplish )

chan

um-fazi (wife) . .

vadhu

kapi

funga (swear) . .

yu (bind)

kunta

futa (blow) ....

va

ruh

i-gazi (blood) . .

asrij

urn ; sthula ( mas-

um-godi (hole) . .

kupa-s

sive )

um-hlaba (world)

• jagat

sku (cover)

isi-hlabati (sand) .

sikata

puns (a male)

luhlaza (green) . .

harit

li (melt)

i-hlo (eye) . . .

akshe

lubh

hlupa (trouble) .

muh ( be troubled)

smetum (inf.)

in-ja (dog) . . .

svan

matri; ma (bear)

jabula (rejoice) . .

bhuj (enjoy), las

mi (go)

( delight ) '

na

jobelela (join) . .

• vuj

vi ( bird )

in-kaba ( navel)

. nablii

— 70* -

Zulu

in-kala ( crab) . . •
bu-kali (sharp) . .
pezulu ( iij) above) .
pezu ( above ) . . .
qwaga (seize) . .
sho ( say ) ....
ubu-sika ( winter)
um-sindo (a sound)
li {</<> t/t/ts) ....
umu-ti (tree) . . .
in-tloni (shame) . .
in-tliziyo (heart) . .
isi-tsha | earthen pot)
tukutt'la (be angry )
twala ( carry) . . .
u-valo (nc?-vous7iess)

Sanskrit

karkata

kalu

sura (sublime)

upari

grabh

chaksh (speak)

hima

svri (to sound)

dich (show)

trus; drill (grow)

hri (6e ashamed)

hrid

chra (coo&)

kup

van

sphal (tremble)

Zulu

Sanskrit

vunda (have abun-

dance)

vridh (increase)

vuta (flame) . . .

jval (blaze)

zala (beget) ....

jaii

i-kaya (dwelling)

vas (dwell)

in-komo (cow) . . .

gaus

kumula (liberate)

much

lu-kuni (hard) . .

guru

i-lala (palmetto) . .

tala (a palm)

lawula (joke) . . .

las (sport)

mangala (ivonder) .

man (think)

imini (dag) ....

dina

u-moya (spirit, soul)

manyu (courage)

umu-nyu (feeling) .

„ do „

nuka (smell) . . .

ghra

ama-nzi (luater) . .

vari, udan

Arabic. When we come to the Arabic and compare it with the Zulu, we find
just so much similarity and no more, than we found between the latter and the San-
skrit — a similarity here and there, it is true, and one from which a learned philolo-
I might be capable of extracting something substantial, but which to the superficial
observer will not appear as of much obvious importance. These ancient languages
have become in the ages so vastly far apart that any original resemblances the3r may
have possessed have become lost or obliterated by time.

The Arabic language uses, like the Zulu, both prefixes and suffixes, and this
resemblance is the more remarkable, because it uses these prefixes, under certain
circumstances, for its nouns. Now, this is an important point, for precisely that per-
sistent use in Zulu (and Bantu languages generally) of prefixes along with the nouns,
is perhaps its most prominent mark of difference from the other languages of the
»be. Where did this habit come from? — is the question that constantly puzzles
philologists. Is it impossible that its origin and that also of the Arab usage are one?
The Arab uses the prefixes in place of a definite article (the prefixes, therefore, a-
mounting to a definite article and falling away whenever the mere indefinite sense is
there). Thus, el-farsh (the sofa), en-nahar (the day), es-sdnd (the year), et-turab
(the dust), ez-zawiya (the chapel); but, in the indefinite sense, simply farsh (a sofa),
nahar, etc.

The Zulus have the custom of contracting the word u-yise (father, or master)
into u-so, and joining it on to other nounal roots to form proper names. The Arab
does the same, thus, abu-gah and Z. uso-mandhla, the father-of-power, the almighty ;
>>v again abu-ras, and Z. uso-kanda, he-with-the-( big)-head, Mr. Big-head.

Regarding numerals, we find Ar. telat (three), Z. tatu; Ar. khamas (five), Z.
hlanu; Ar. jashar (ten), Z. i-shumi.

Among prepositions, etc., we may note Z. pakati (among, between, through),
Ar. benat (between), fi (among); Z. pandhle (outside), Ar. barra; Z. pantsi (under),
Ar. taht; Z. pi? (where?), Ar. fen?; Z. pambili (before), Ar. "abl; Z. nga (at, by),
Ar. ganb; Z. na (and), Ar. wa.

The possessive adjectives 'my', 'thy', etc., are formed in Ar. by suffixing, for
the 1st. person, i; for the 2nd. person, ak, and so on —to the particular noun to be
qualified, thus, bet-i, my house; bet-ak, thy house. These possessive particles i and
ak have a resemblance to similar particles mi and ko used in Zulu for the same
purpose and for the same persons, though in a different form; for in this latter lan-
guage they are really the accusative personal pronouns used for the purpose in eon-
junction with 'of, thus indhlu ya-mi (the house of-me), my house; indhlu ya-ko
(the house of-thee), thy house. At any rate, the presence of an i and a k as the chief
particles of the possessive adjectives for the 1st. and 2nd. persons in Ar. is note-
worthy, for it is also they which are most prominent in the corresponding particles in
Zulu. T)i<; Ar. possessive particle for the 3rd. person masculine is h and for the
feminine lm. Now, although there is no similarity here with the Zulu, there is with
the Suto, which has, for both genders of this person, hae — thus, nth/// y/i-hae (the
house oi-him ), his house.

- 71* -

The above likeness appears again in the accusative forms of the personal pro-
nouns, where we find for the 1st. person singular Ar. ni (me), Z. ngi; for the 2nd.
pers. sing. Ar. ak (thee), Z. ku; for the 3rd. pers. sing. Ar. a (him), Z. m or ma. In
the Zulu, however, these pronouns are joined to their governing verbs as prefixes;
in the Ar., on the contrary, as suffixes.

Sometimes in Ar. the personal pronouns are used along with the above-men-
tioned possessive adjectives, in order to lend them emphasis. The Zulu does the same,
thus, Ar. bet-i ana, my house, me; and Z. indhlu yarni mina. The likeness between
this Ar. pronoun ana, for the 1st. person singular, as also that of the 1st. pers. plur.
ihna, with the corresponding pronouns mina and Una in the Zulu, may be noted.
Further likenesses in the other persons are not apparent, unless it be in the 3rd.
pers. sing, feminine, where in the Ar. we find hey a (her), and in the Z. yena (her
or him ).

The Arabic forms a kind of demonstrative pronoun (also existent in the Zulu),
by combining the particle a with the personal pronouns, thus aha (from a-ho), there
he is; or ahoni (from a-hom), there they are. The Zulu constructs identically the
same forms by combining the particle na with the same personal pronouns, thus,
nangu (from na-ng-u, the ng acting merely as connecting particle between the demon-
strative na and the pronoun u, he); or again, nampo (from na-m-po, the in merely
connecting the demonstrative na with the pronoun bo, now changed to po, for
euphony after the m).

A peculiarity of the Zulu idiom is that the interrogative particles, 'what?
where?' etc., are placed at the end of the sentence, not at the beginning as in English.
The same habit we find in the Arabic. Thus, 'Where is your house?' — Ar. bet -ak
fen (house-your where)?, and Z. indhlu yako (i)-pi (house your where)? Or again,
Ar. gara e?, and Z. kuvele-ni? what has happened?

In both Ar. and Z. adjectives follow their nouns, in the former language under-
going suitable regular inflexions, in the latter taking the form of relative phrases.

The verb 'to be,' when serving merely as a copula, is omitted alike in Arabic
and Zulu. Thus, Ar. inta kebir and Z. u mkuln, thou (art) great.

Progressive thought in the present tense of the Ar. verb is expressed by pre-
fixing a particle be to the simple form, thus ti-ksar, thou breakest, be-ti-ksar, thou
art breaking. The progressive present tense of the Zulu is formed quite differently
from this; but the progressive past is formed in a very similar manner, although the
explanation given to the process is different — a particle be (generally supposed to be
the perfect of the Zulu verb 'to be') is prefixed to the present participle, thus ngi-
casa, I breaking, be-ngi-casa, I was breaking. Perhaps, after all, this particle be in
the Zulu, expressing progression of action, is no more a portion of the verb 'to be'
than is the Arabic. Or, is the Ar. particle be the last survival of a verb 'to be,' which
in that language would now seem to have got lost?

Progressive thought in the future is formed in the Ar. by means of a word
rah ('to go' with the sense of 'going, on the way'), which is prefixed in a similar
way to the be above-mentioned, thus ti-ksar, thou wilt break, rah-U-ksar, thou will in-
breaking. Now, in the Zulu there is properly no future progressive, but the simple
future tense is formed by means of a particle ya (which also seems to be the actual
verb 'go,' which in Z. is ya), thus, ngi-ya-ku-ya, I going to go — I shall go.

The imperative mood is formed in Ar. by prefixing i to the root, thus, i-ksar,
break. Although in Zulu, in the case of all polysyllabic verbs, nothing but the un-
touched root is used to convey the imperative sense, yet, in the case of all monosyl-
labic verbs, a particle yi is always prefixed, thus yi-zwa, hear.

The verb is given its negative sense in Ar. by prefixing ma and suffixing sh
to the verb, thus, ma-ti-ksar-sh, thou shalt not break, break not; or ma-kasar-sh, he
did not break. The Zulu has a similar method of forming his negatives by affixing
at once a negative prefix and suffix, thus, a-ngi-easa-nga (I did not break), where
the a and the nga have precisely the same effect as the Ar. ma and .s7/.

These negative particles mash are sometimes brought together as one word
in the form mush, which is merely placed before the verb. This form bears a very
curious resemblance to the defective verb mus or musa in Zulu, having a similar
meaning, though only used in a prohibitory sense and rarely with any but the 2nd.
persons sing, and plur., thus, musa u-hambe! thou shalt or must not go!

A peculiarity of the Zulu — as, indeed, of many other ancient languages -is its
possession of several different "forms" of verbs, each form having its own special

— 72* —

shade of meaning, and all built by various changes of the one original root. The Ar.
has these forms also, and identically the same as used in Zulu, though very different-
ly constructed. In the Zulu speech these forms still retain their full measure of use
and perfection; in the Ar., on the contrary, they are already very defective and, some
of them, rarely used, which leads us to believe that they are very ancient habits of
speech, which in the Arabic are tending to die out.

The objective form in Zulu is formed by changing the final vowel of the verb
into ela, thus, aba (share), abela (share for or with). The Ar. constructs the same
form by lengthening the first vowel and sometimes changing the second, thus sharak
(share), shdrik (share for or with).

The causative form in Zulu is formed by changing the final vowel of the verb
into isa, thus caca (be clear), cacisa (make clear). The Ar. constructs the same form
by prefixing an a to the verb and sometimes with an internal change, thus zahar
(be clear), azhar (make clear).

The reflective form is constructed in Zulu by prefixing zi to the verb, thus,
geza (wash), zigeza (wash itself). The Ar. has a similar form, which it often avails
itself of to express our passive voice — which otherwise has no regular existence in
the tongue. This reflective-passive form it constructs by prefixing the particle it
to the verb, thus, naddaf (clean), itnaddaf (clean itself i. e. be cleaned). The similar-
ity of these corresponding reflective particles in the two languages is noteworthy.

The Ar. uses again this same reflective particle it to give a verb the force of
the reciprocal form in Zulu, formed in that language by changing the final vowel
into ana, thus Ar. ghalib and Z. bang a (contend), and Ar. itghalib and Z.bangana
(contend with one another).

The Ar. uses a prefix ista before a verb in order to give it a causative-reflec-
tice sense, thus, fihim (understand), istafhim (make oneself understand ). This prefix
appears to be related to the Zulu causative prefix isa, mentioned above.

By changing the final vowel of a verb into eka, the Zulu builds a neuter-passive
form, whose sense is expressed by the English auxiliary 'get', or the suffixes 'able'
or 'ible'. Thus, tanda (love), tandeka (get loved, be lovable). The Ar. has now no
special form for this, though it has retained the thought, and expresses it by the
simple passive, so that inhabb may be 'be loved, get loved, or be lovable'.

Below, we append a list of Arabic words, not, of course, as definitely related to
the Zulu, but which may provide the comparative philologist with a little concentrated
material for study. Some of the words are merely derived forms, and therefore very
different in appearance from their original roots. They are given in the form which
• 'tiers the most palpable resemblance to the Bantu.

Zulu

i-kava (abode) . .
ba (be)

lu-hlaza {blue) . . .
casa (break) . . .

in-komo (cow) . . .

isi-baya (cattle-pen).
keta ( choose) . . .
obala (clear, evident)

in-gubo (clothes) . .

u-tuli (dust) . . .
banda i be cold) . .
za (come) . . . .

n-bala < op en country)

dala I create) . . .

Bela i drink) . . . .

Um-hlabati {earth ) .

noma-noma ( either-or

i-e;ilri | error) . . .

wa (fall)

n-baba | tat her > . .

Arabic

liana

ba"a

azra"

kasar
/gamus (buffalo)
^gamal (camel)

ba"ar (cattle)

ikhtar

ban

fgukh (cloth)
\ hudum (clothes)

turab

berd (cold)

ga

khala

khala

sa"a (give to drink)

'ard, tin
> 'imma-'imma

ghalat

wa"aj

'ab

Zulu

Arabic

u-mame (mother)

. 'umm

gcwala (be full) .

• mala (fill)

i-nyama (flesh)

. lahm

in-taba (hill) . .

. gabal

in-kosi (chief) \
in-doda (man)\

• goz (husband)

u-limi (tongue)

. lisan

i-zinyo (tooth) . .

. sinn

u-bani ( lightning )

. bar"

in-daba ( news ) . .

. khabar

, la

i-gwababa (o'ow)

. ghurab

i-gamul , v
i-gama} {son^ '

Ighanna (sing)
' \ghuna (song)

kuluma (speak) .

. kellim

ma (stand) . . .

. "am (stand up |

i-sela ( thief) . . .

. sara" (steal)

hlamba (swim)

. "abb

k nana (Su. there)

. hanak

cabanga (think) .

. zann

isi-kali (time) . .

. wa"t

geza (wash) . .

. ghasal

— 73*

Zulu

lima (when) . . .
ubu-sika (winter)
u-nyaka (yea?')
pa (give) ....

im-puku (mouse) .
qala ( begin ) . . .
u-sizi (sorrow)
tanda (love) . . .
tata (take) . . .
umu-ti (tree) . .
tola (find) . . .
isi-tsha (vessel)
u-tshani (grass) .
vala (shut) . . .
u-valo (fear) . .
ya (go) ....
zala (bear, beget)
zwa (live) . . .
de ( long ) . . . .
i-inali ( money )
bo mvu (red) . .
zeka (relate) . .
i-cala (rim) . . .
in-dhlela (way)\ .
osa ( roast)\
sha (burn) I
ulw-andhle (sea) .
lilala (stay) \
sala ( remain ) ]
um-tombo (spring)
banzi (wide) . .
i-qakala (ankle) .
mangala ( wonder )
bi (bad) ....
twala (carry) . .
beleta ( bear child )
um-hlobo (friend)

ambata (wear) . .

Arabic

lamina

shita

sana

adda

mukn

sharaj

aziya

habb

khad

tiwil

la"a, ilta"a

j arrah ( water-pot )

hashish

"afal

khaf

rah

tarah (bear fruit)

jash

tal ( be long )

mal (wealth)

bamba

haka

tara

tari"

shawa (roast)

bahr

"ajad

bir (well)

wasij

kajb

jagab (aston ish ment)

battal

shal (transport)

wilid

hahib

/ ghata ( a covering )
\ bay ad (garment)

Zulu

kohlela (cough) . .
in-gozi (danger) . .
dhla (c<il) .....
in-dhlovu (elephant)
lihv a (become event it g )
kusihl \va ( evening ) .
zila (abstain) . . .
saba (fear) ....
landa (fetch) . . .
i-langabi (flame)\
luba (desire) ]
izim-pukane (flies) .

i-liba i {gram) ' '
umu-ti (tree) . . .
kula (g?-otv) ....
ala (forbid) .... harama

Arabic

kahh
khof
kal

lil

amsa

jeslm

Biyam (a fast)

khaf

Jan

lahluba (flame)

dibban

turba

tiwil (grow long)
kil)ir

bala (reckon)
baneka (lighten up)
i-gama (name) . .
im-buzi (goat) . . .
in-dawo (place) . .
i-dwala (rock) . . .

fa (die)

gana (marry) . . .
i-ganga (knoll) . .
gijima (run) . . .
goba ( bend ) . . .
gwaza (stab) . . .

nianah

bara"

samma (to name)

niajza

wadaj

hagar (stone)

mat

hamba (go) . . .

hlangana ( gather
hleka ( laugh ) . .
in-ja (dog) . . .
i-mini ( day ) . .
ntsundu ( darkish )
i-nyanga (moon) .
papa (fly) . . .
peka (cook) . . .

. gabal (hill)
. giri

. gobbah (vault)
. garah ( wound )

) hadjdja (set out)
' \ghab (be away)
together), la mm
. sakhira
. jakal
. yom

. sud (black, plur. )
. "amar
. tar
. tabakh

Malay. Passing now to the dark-skinned races beyond the Indian Ocean, we
find the Malays occupying the whole western half of the Eastern Archipelago. They
ai'e people much more certainly related to the Hovas of Madagascar, though some
have been curious to know whether they might not also have a still remoter rela-
tionship with the Bantus.

The Malay languages — for they are numerous — are, like all others of the Eastern
Archipelago, in a very low state of development, and in this they resemble much
more the Negro than the Bantu tongues, which show a high degree of finish. Inas-
much as the Malay has been in times past under strong Sanskritic influences, we
should naturally expect to find, at least in its wordage, some occasional and similarly
slight resemblance between it and the Bantu speech.

In the Malay, as in the Bantu, the accent falls generally on the penultimate.

As in the Zulu, an n changes into an m whenever it comes before a b, p or ///
— a change very common in the prefix of Zulu nouns of the 3rd. class. It also
assumes the ringing nasalization before a k, g, or h — which peculiarity, also in the
Zulu, we believe, originally gave rise to the existence in that language of the soft k,
although the preceding n has now frequently dropped out.

Both prefixes and suffixes are made use of in the construction of words; but
these prefixes present no likeness to those used in Bantu, indeed even in Malay they
change so much in the various languages as to be no longer mutually recognisable.

74* —

Properly speaking there is no number, that is, there is no distinct form for the
plural; but certain articles (only used in the singular), and placed sometimes before
and sometimes after a noun, in order to express 'a, the', etc., convey an idea at any
rate of a singular number. Proper names, also, have a special article, different in
different languages, proper to themselves — all which seems to suggest a rudimentary
usage of prefixes as the Bantus know them, or a system which, if methodically worked
out, might ultimately lead, as with the Bantus, to regular classes of nouns with regular
prefixes. In some Bantu languages we find a similar state of things to that just
mentioned, though now in the reverse, that is, nouns without any prefix in the singular
though taking one in the plural, e.g. Su. tsimu (field), plur. ma-si mu.

The cases are expressed, as on most occasions too in the Bantu, by prefixing
prepositions. The genitive is formed by prefixing na, thus, where the Zulu says ka
Faku (of Faku, Faku's). the Malay says na Faku. The preposition ka also exists in
.Malay, but it is equivalent to the Zulu nga (towards, over against), thus ka lanit,
towards the sky. The preposition tu is equivalent to the Zulu ku (to, towards),
thus ta ruma, to the house. The preposition da/nan has the force of the Zulu kanye
na (with, along with).

The possessive adjectives we find practically everywhere expressed by particles
almost identical with pronominal roots appearing in the Bantu languages, e.g. ku, mu,
,//', mi, ta, na, or similar forms. Of course, being merely monosyllables of two letters,
there is not much range for variations of change, so that, both in the Malay and the
Bantu, we find the forms in turn almost indiscriminately used for each and every
person and number. Thus, in the Malay the ku (my) is nearly everywhere used for
the 1st. person singular; so in the Bantu, whether it be varied as Kamb. kwa; Ku.
aka\ Su. ka; Sw. nyu; Tu. anji; or U. ane. The adjectives mo or mu are used in
Malay for the possessive of the 2nd. pers. sing.; whereas in the Zulu the same word-
lets are quite commonly used as personal pronouns indicating the 3rd. pers. sing.
The adjectives ni or na commonly express possession in the 3rd. pers.
in the Zulu they well enough correspond with the 2nd.

A similar resemblance and a similar irregularity
is apparent all through the list of pronouns in the two

In numeral 'three' we generally find in the Malay the particle ta, te or to as
predominant. This is the case also right through the Bantu, e.g. Z. tatu. Among
the other Malay numerals, no external likeness is apparent.

Doth Malays and Bantus have a common disposition to use the passive voice
of verbs, where Europeans invariably use the active. But the passive is formed in
the Malay quite differently from what it is in the African languages. Amongst several
nther forms, the prefix ka is used to construct a neuter-passive, giving exactly the
same meaning as does the suffix eka or kala in Zulu, thus Mai. ka-lihat, get seen,
Z. bona-kala.

The following few words (some of which, however, are clearly of Sanskrit re-
lationship) may be suggested for comparison:—

sing.; while

pers. plur.

as to persons and numbers,

linguistic families.

Zulu

in-ja (dog) . . .

isi-kumba (skin) .

u-debe (lip) . . .
lamba ( he hungry)

tabata (take) . .

im-vula ( ruin) . .

i-duli (knoll) . .
innu-ntu ( man)

azi [know) . . .
iu-dawo ( n place) .

tanda ( wish ) . . .

i-gama i mime) . .

i-cala ( limit ) . . .

i-i-kati (time) . .

tenga ( barter) . .

i-langa (sun ) . . .

tshala i plant) . .

Malay

andjin

kulit

bibir

la par

djabat (take hold)

hud j an

bulu (hill)

tau

isen

taroh (to place)

hendak

nama

salah (sin)

kala

dankan (trade)

lanit

lamun

Zulu

um-zimba (body)
i-tambo ( bone) .

buka (gaze) . .

i-nyama (flesh) .
is-andhla (hand)
i-tusi (brass) . \
in-tsimbi (iron) \

isi-tebe (mat) .
um-lomo (mouth)
u-limi (tongue) .
i-zinyo (tooth) .
u-baba (father) .
u-mame (mother)
in-dhlela (road)
tatu (three) . .

Malay

bad an
tulang

fmuka (face)
\buka (open)
daging
tangan

busi (iron)

tikar
mulut
lid ah

gigi
bapa

ma

jalan

tiga

75*

Zulu

kanti (but) . . .
umu-sa ( kindness).
ningi (many) . .
im-bewu (seed) . .
i-hlati (forest) . .
in-gwenya (crocodile)
in-gulube (pig) . .
in-tlanzi (fish) . .
i-gazi (blood) . .

Malay

ganti ( instead of)

kasih

banak

biji

utan

buaya

babi

ikan

darah

Zulu

isi-hlabati (sand)
im-puku (rat) .
ulw-andhle ( sea )
in-kanyezi (star)
um-konto (spear)
mnandi (sweet) .
papa (fly) . .
bulala (kill) . .
in-dhlu (house) .

Malay

dagat

tikus

laut

bintang

tombak

manis

sayap ( wing )

bunoh

ruinah

Polynesian. If there be any similarity between the Polynesian and Bantu languages,
it most probably came about through a common connection with the Papuan races,
although, of course, it might also be the last remaining signs of an anterior relation-
ship away in the primordial ages of mankind. As it is, with tin; few insignificant
exceptions given below, we can discover nothing in the Polynesian speech that shows
any resemblance to the Bantu, whether it be in its grammatical construction or in its
vocabulary.

As in the Negro, so in the Polynesian, nouns and verbs are very frequently
absolutely identical.

Like the Bantu, the tendency is to place the accent on the penult.

We find a semblance to the Bantu prefixes in the Polynesian usage of forming
the plural of nouns by setting before them a certain general plural article.

A pluralis excellentiae is also found, constructed by placing the suffix ma after
the proper name, just as the Zulus would prefix an o before it to express the same
meaning.

The cases are expressed by prefixing prepositions, as in the Malay, and also in
the Bantu.

The genitive is sometimes formed, perhaps from Malay influence, by prefixing
the particle na (of), which is equivalent to the Z. lea.

The dative particle lei (to) is also strongly like the Z. ku, and is prefixed to
nouns in a similar way; but before proper nouns and pronouns it becomes leia (cp. Z
kwa ).

The passive voice in the Polynesian is very commonly formed by adding ia
(or some particle containing the same), or na, or other like particle, to the verb, in
a manner very like that of the Bantus, who generally suffix iva to the verbal root.

It is noteworthy that nearly all the Australian languages have the numeral
adjective for 'two' remarkably like the Bantu, thus Zulu, bili; Lake Macquarie, hu-
loara; Wiradurei, bula; Kamilaroi, bular; Turrubul, biidela; Dippil, bular; Tasmania,
pia-wa.

Although amongst the Polynesian vocabularies one occasionally comes across a
word startlingly like some African root, generally speaking there is absolutely no
resemblance between the wording of the two families of speech. We must, therefore,
not be misled by solitary resemblances, which are probably merely coincidences.
Thus, we should not consider there to be any relationship between the Maude Negroes
and Englishmen because the former had the word do in their speech, moaning 'to
make' and the English the same word with virtually the same meaning; nor between
the Zulus and the Eskimo, because their word for 'a house' (Z. i-ndhlu; Esk. ichdlu)
appeared to be in sound almost identical. Why, then, should we think to see any
between the Samoans and Transvaal Boers, because with the former tala means to
'speak' and taal again is the 'speech' of the latter?

Papuan. There are few languages less known than those of the Papuan group;
but very little information is available. From what we have come across, it would
seem that they are of a very low type, indeed are on a par with the Negro, which
they resemble again in being a vast complex of independent tongues having no pal-
pable relationship one with another.

In some specimens, we find the nouns divided into two classes, one with a
pronominal suffix, the other without.

Generally speaking there is no number, singular and plural forms being alike.
Separate plural forms, however, are found in the pronouns. Also occasionally do we
find a plural suffix na used with nouns.

— 76*

The cases, as in the Bantu, are constructed by prefixing prepositional particles
to the nouns.

Adjectives follow their nouns as in the Bantu.

Verbs have causative, reciprocal and frequentative forms, which fact would seem
to indicate a greater mental activity in regard to the elaboration of verbal forms — a
phenomenon that equally strikes us in studying the Bantu.

As is also the case in the Bantu, considerable use is made of the words 'al-
ready' and ' still * in the modification of the verb, although the respective particles in
the two language-groups present no similarity.

Other modifications are made by prefixing i, and others again by suffixing the
same particle, to the radical vowel of a verb.

In regard to words, although we occasionally find such forms as nambaba and
itibaba for 'father', we mostly find mama, a?na, mam, etc., which are the forms
commonest in African and Aryan languages alike for 'mother'. For this latter we
End in the Papuan such words as nina, ina, nin, inai, etc., — forms, again, almost
universally used in the Bantu to express 'his or their mother' — the word for 'mother'
in the Bantu having generally three different forms according to the person. The
Papuan for 'child' is generally wana, ana, anan, anak, or something similar — curi-
ously reminiscent, once more, of the Z. um-ntwana, Su. ngivana, etc., although in these
languages the ending is merely the common diminutive suffix expressing 'small' in
the Bantu.

The following list of words presents us with a few slight resemblances ; but one
wouldn't like to aver, at the present moment, that it is anything more than chance.

Zulu

i-langa (sun) . . .

sa (dawn) . . . .

i-nyanga (moon) . .

u-suku (day) . . .
i-mini (day-time)
ubu-suku ( night )

im -vula (rain) . . .

um-hlabati (earth) .

in-taba (hill) . . .

i-tshe (stone) . . .

tsha (burn) . . . .

ulw-andhle (sea) . .

uinu-ti (tree) . . .

in-gulube (pig) . .

i-nyoni (bird) . . .

i-mamba (viper) . .

i-nyoka (snake) . .

um-fazi (wife) . . .
mo-sali (Su. woman)

i-kanda (head) . .

uinu-nlu ( person, man)
u-debe | lip) ....

u-liini (tongue) . .

i-zinyo ( tooth) . . .

in-dhlebe (ear) . .
nm-konto (spear)

bona (see) . . . .

in-gane ( child) . .

isi-tebe | ///'// ) . . .

ama-tf (saliva) . .

bili i /'/'<< i

tatu i three) ....

Papuan

Kelana, lavanga (sun); Manikam and Bogadjim, Ian (sky);
Valman, nanu (sun), anago (sky); Galela, wangi (sun).

Jamir, as (sun); Tumleo and Salim, os (sun).

Myso!, nah (moon); Tumleo and Sauvein, zanar (moon); Val-
man, sanar (moon).

Tumleo, os (day, sun).

Valman, nanu (sun, day).

Valman, kon (night).

Valman, vul (rain); Szeak-Bagili, ua (rain); Karkar, ui (rain);
Bakaua, u (ram).

Valman, t'a (earth); Bilibili, tan (earth); Jotafa, peer (earth).

Hatzfeldt, ab (hill).

Tumleo, et (stone).

Tami and others, ya (fire).

Bogadjim, iwal (sea); Kadda, yual (sea); Manikam, wal (sea).

Valman, meten (fruit).

Valman, vul (pig); Wenke, bu (pig), Bongu, bul (pig).

Valman, nal (bird); Kelana, mani (bird).

Tami, mama (snake).

Mysol, pok (snake).

Manikam, gali (wife).

Manikam, kadi (head);

( head ).
Mysol, motu (man).
Valman, t'epurum (lip)
Valman, nelie (tongue)

Bogadjim, kate (head); Kelana, daba

Jabim, imbela (tongue).
Szeak-Bagili, Vmo" (tooth); Jotafa, niyo (tooth);

(tooth); Brissi, nissin (tooth).
Manikam, dabe (ear); Varapu, teve (ear).
Kai, sontu (spear).
Bongu, onar (see).
Fiji, ngone (child).
Mysol, tin (mat).
Mysol, tefoo (saliva).
Mysol, lu (two).
Mysol, tol (three).

Galela, ini

— 77* —

Negro. In coining to the Negro languages, we return, at length to the bosom

our own ethnological family, and may consequently expect to find at last a linguistic
family-likeness plainly and strongly marked. Yet, strange to say, this is by no means
the case. At first sight, the Negro languages exhibit no more marked indications of
relationship with the Bantu than do, for Intsance, the Papuan, Polynesian, or Malay;
so that even such eminent authorities as Prof. Frederick Mflller of Vienna have ab-
solutely denied any connection between the Negro and Bantu, and more, even between
one Negro language and another; for, says the last named philologist, these (Negro)
languages could not possible have sprung from a single mother-tongue, but must
have had each its own separate seed-plot. And Cust continues, "not only are there
such great differences of structure as forbid any such hypothesis (viz. of common
origin ) being started, but there is no such uniformity in vocabulary as would allow
such a hypothesis to be maintained." Yet, with nothing more to help us than the
very sparse material available for our study on a remote Native mission in the outer
darkness of the Zulu country, we firmly believe we do discern an unmistakable
resemblance, not, it is true, so much between the individual members of the Negro
family, as between the whole Negro family and the Bantu, and this, moreover, both
as regards the structure of the languages and their vocabulary.

Our own private opinion concerning the ethnological origin of the Negro ami
Bantu peoples, has been already disclosed on page 19* of this Introduction and may
be now re-read in this present connection. The theory there outlined is, we think,
sustained and strengthened by the philological comparison. We believe we discern,
indiscriminately scattered amongst the multitude of Negro tongues, those monosyl-
labic elements of which the present Bantu vocabulary has either been built up, (or
else into which it has become disintegrated by degeneration), and those fundamental
laws of which its present grammatical structure is composed. We say the 'Bantu'
languages, whereas really our comparison, our very small comparison, of the Negro
speech has been confined only to the single Zulu member of that great Bantu family.
Were the comparison extended to all the several hundreds of other Bantu languages,
we feel convinced the identitjr would be brought out much more prominently ; indeed,
we believe it probable that almost every element of Negro speech would find its cor-^/^*
responding cognate word in the Bantu, and vice versa.

The few remarks here following will explain our theory, and will indicate to
more favoured students a very promising line of research. We cannot, of course,
select any one specimen among the Negro which might serve as a standard and alone
do entire satisfaction to our contention; for the Negro languages are so dissimilar
among themselves, each exhibiting only a small portion of that fundamental likeness
which one language-group has to the other. We may, however, select a couple of
exemplary tongues, one spoken by the Nupe people, of the pure Negro race, and the
other by the Hausa, of the sub-Negro class, both tribes resident far from Bantu
influence, on the further outskirts of Negroland, well up the Niger. We feel convinced
that nobody possessing a thorough acquaintance with the Zulu grammar (or, indeed,
of that of any other Bantu tongue) will fail to see, aye, even mentally feel the very
close relationship between the two groups of languages.

Nupe. Prefixes, that distinctive mark of the Bantu, are common; indeed, nouns
are constructed from the verbs simply by the addition of such a prefix, thus di-da
(a walk, from da, go), wi-wo (dryness, fr. ivo, be dry), mi-mo (sweetness, fr. mo,
be sweet), dze-dze (beauty, fr. dze, beautiful), i-ta (deceit, fr. ta, deceive). It will
be remarked that these prefixes are mostly formed by a single reduplication of the
initial vowel. Compare this practice with that of the Arabic, as outlined in the second
paragraph of our preceding article (p. 70*). We believe that herein may lie the first
steps in the development of the Bantu prefixes.

The singular and plural forms of nouns are identical, although the plural is
sometimes distinguished by the addition of a suffix zi. The particle zi constitutes
the chief plural prefix in the Zulu, being used for no less than three different classes
out of the total six taking plural forms.

The particle ko affixed to Nupe nouns, and kazi to those of Zulu, gives in both
languages the same augmentative sense, thus N. tsigbon-ko, a great tree, Z. umuti-
kazi. The diminutive particle in Nupe is yi, used in the same way; compare this
with the Z. words nci, tiny, ncinya, small.

The nominative and accusative forms of nouns, both in Nupe and Zulu, undergo
no inflexion and are the same, the first standing before the verb and the latter after it.

— 78* —

There is a genitive particle yan, exactly corresponding in sense and use with
the Zulu particle I: a, or indeed the Z. possessive particles generally, thus, N. kara
Faku Z. um-twalo ka Faku (the load of Faku, Faku's load), or N. yinkan
n-m - Z. intlanzi ya-mi (the fish of me, my fish).

The origin of the Zulu locative case, which discards the conventional use of
prepositions and is complicated by a change both at the beginning and the end of the
noun, has always been somewhat puzzling. In the Nupe we discover a new variety
'divisible' preposition, and precisely this kind is selected to build the locative case,
one portion being attached to the front part of the noun and the other to the end,
thus X. ta-kata-ti (fr. kata, house, ta-ti, on), on the house, cp. Z. e-ntabe-ni, on the
hill ( fr. intaba, hill).

The personal pronouns showing similarity are:—

Xupe Zulu

1st. peis. », no, r-nii (I); mi (me). ngi (I); ngi (me); i-ini (it is I).

2nd. pers, <\ wo, i-wo, (thou); wo (thee), u (thou); ku (thee); u-we (it is thou).

3rd. peis. an, wun, (he); un (him). u (he); m or mu (him); u-ye (it is he).

l>t. pers. >/>', r-i/i (we); yi (we). si (we); si (we); i-ti (it is we).

From these are formed the possessive particles, of which we may instance
1st. pers. sing, in, and 2nd. pers. sing, o, alone. The particles in Zulu exactly correspond-
ing to these are, 1st. pers. sing, mi, and 2nd. pers. sing. ko. Thus, N. yinkan yan-m
(the fisli of me), yinkan yan-o (the fish of thee) is in Z. intlanzi ya-mi and intlanzi
':<> respectively.

The distinguishing pronouns ana (this), ga (that), appear plainly in the corre-
sponding forms in Zulu, viz. lo-na, le-na (this); loiva-ya, le-ya (that yonder).

- netimes in the same distinguishing sense, the Nupe uses nan (this). Here
find tin1 etymological counterpart of the Zulu demonstrative pronouns, na-ng'u
(this is he, here he is), na-nHi (this is it), na-n'tsi, na-zi, na-m'po, na-n'ko, etc.
(originally, no doubt, nan-u, nan-i, nan-bo, nan-wo, etc., between the combining por-
tions of which euphonic particles were subsequently inserted).

The interrogative pronouns are N. zai (who?) = Z. u-ba-ni; and N. ki (which?)
Z. pi.

The reflective pronoun so corresponds exactly in sense and use with the Z. zi,
thus, X. mi-so-ta (I myself deceive), Z. ngi-zi-kohlisa.

Adjectives, in the Nupe, when in the epithetical sense, simply follow their noun
without any change; in the Zulu, they follow the noun in the same way, with the
simple prefixing of the relative particles denoting 'who' or 'which' — thus, N. bagi
■ (a black man), Z. umuntu o-mnyama. Adjectives used in the predicative sense,
follow the noun, in both languages, simply prefixing the suitable personal pronoun,
thus, X. bagi wun ziko (the man is black), Z. umuntu u-mnyama — ivun and u being
the corresponding personal pronouns for 'he.'

The verb 'to he' appears in the Nupe in forms tsi, si and yi — forms which
throw ;m unexpected light upon a couple of points that have hitherto been quite in-
explicable to us in the Zulu. In this latter language, such phrases as 'I am it,' 'it
i- they ' and the like, are formed by simply coupling together the two pronouns by
means of a certain particle yif thus, 'I am it, a fool' (ngi-yi-so, isituta), 'it is they'
i ku-yi-bo ). Now, when we come to the negative form for these same phrases, we are
told to prefix the negative particle a and then substitute a si in place of yi, thus, 'I
am not it, a fool' (a-ngi-si-so, isituta), or 'it is not they' (a-ku-si-bo). Now, these
particles yi ami si in Zulu have absolutely no known meaning; they have no place
whatever iii the Zulu verb 'to be' and therefore cannot be said to express to the
Zulu the 'am' and the 'is' in the foregoing sentences; on which account Zulu gram-
marian- complacently teach us that they are there 'merely for euphony.' Are they
much more probably near relatives of the substantive verbs yi and si as used
ty at the Niger?

Tin- construction of the different tenses of the Nupe verb presents quitea remark-
able similarity to that in the Zulu.

The x. pr< -'lit tense is formed by inserting the particle e (or re) between the
pronoun and verb, thus, mi-e-da (I am going). The Z. substitutes ya for the e, thus,
I am going).

— 79* —

The N. perfect suffixes ani to the verb, thus, mi-da-ani (I have gone). The Z.
substitutes a suffix tie for the ani, thus, ngi-ya-ile (I have gone) — abbreviate] into
ngi-y'ile.

The N. future inserts a or ga between the pronoun and the verb, thus, n-a-da
(I shall go). The Z. inserts yaku in the same place, thus ngi-yaku-yi. (I shall go).

The N. potential inserts ga between the pronoun anil verb, with the particle
ivo after the latter, thus, n-ga-da-wo (I can go). The Z. inserts simply nga in the
same place, without the wo, thus, ngi-nga-ya (I can go). But there is in Zulu a
particle yo often suffixed to the end of verbal forms {e.g. the participles, verbs in the
relative, etc.) which has absolutely no meaning of its own and may often be omitted,
its only purpose seeming to be one of euphony. May it not possibly be a relation
of the Nupe wo?

The N. conditional prefixes hag an or kaba before the future form as above,
thus, kagan-n-ga-da or kaba-n-ga-da (I would go). The Z., although having and
using other forms, may also at times construct in a similar fashion by prefixing to
the future the word ngabe (supposed to mean simply 'perhaps,' although in this
combination certainly expressing the conditional sense), thus ngabe ngi-yaku-ya (may-
be I shall go, I would go).

The Nupe numerals are somewhat more elaborated than those of the Zulu,
having a separate distinguishing name for each ten up to 100. The primary numbers,
however, are pure Bantu, thus, N. nini (one), Z. nye; N. ba (two), Z. bili; N. ta
(three), Z. tatu; N. ni (four), Z. ne; N. tsan (five), Z. hlanu, after which in Nupe
derivative forms are used constructed out of these primary particles, thus, sua-yin
( five and one i. e. six ), etc.

Unfortunately we have no copious supply of Nupe words by us from which to
make a selection for comparison. However, the following may be noted; — dze (beauti-
ful), Z. hie; tsi-gbon (tree), Z. umu-ti —it will be remembered that in Zulu examples
the final portion alone contains the actual root- word, the former portion being merely
a meaningless prefix ; kata ( house ), Z. i-kaya ( home ) ; kara ( load ), Z. um-twalo ;
ele ( rain ), Z. imvula ; ego ( hand ), Z. in-galo ( arm ), Z. um-kono ( arm ) ; da ( go ), Z.
ya; wo (be dry), Z. oma; mo (be sweet), Z. mtoti, mnandi (sweet); yinkan (fish),
Z. in-tlanzi; wu (teach), Z. funda (learn); bokun (white), Z. mhlope; ziko (black),
Z. zile (black), i-ziko (fireplace).

Hausa. The Hausa language, like the Hausa blood, is no longer purely Negro ;
both have been considerably diluted, as is supposed, with Berber, and even Nubian,
admixtures. Nevertheless, the fundamentals of the language still disclose their marks
of Bantu relationship.

Both suffixes and prefixes are found in use among the nouns, thus, ba- Hausa
(a Hausa) — which is the correct Bantu prefix for plural nouns of the same class;
ma-kari ( the end, from kare, to end ) ; bawa-ntsi ( slavery, fr. bawa, a slave ).

The possessive is formed by prefixing na (sometimes contracted into n') to
the noun, in the same way as the Zulu prefixes ka. Thus, H. suna na Faku (the
name of Faku, Faku's name ), Z. i-gama li-ka Faku.

The distinguishing adjectives na and nan (this), placed as in Zulu after the
noun, appear again in the Zulu distinguishing adjectives lona, lena, (this), as well as
in the Zulu demonstrative pronouns nangu, nanti, nanku. etc. ( this is it, this here,
etc. ). Thus, H. mafse nan ( this wife ), Z. um-fazi lona ( this wife ), or nangu umfazi
( this wife here ).

The interrogative pronouns are wa (who?), Z. u-bani; mi (what?), Z. ni.

Among prepositions and numerals we note, H. bissa (on), Z.pezu; clzakka (in),
Z. pakati; gaba (before), Z. pambi; gare (by), Z. nga ; biu (two), /. bili] goma
(ten), Z. i-shumi; dubu (hundred), Z. i-kulu.

The substantive verb is expressed by tse, which, as in the Nupe, reminds us
at once of the negative verbal particle si or so in the Zulu, thus, H. kura tse (a
hyoena it is), Z. a ku so mpisi (not it is a hycena i.e. it is not a hycena).

Several kinds of verbs are formed, as in Zulu, by changing the termination of
the verb in some way or by attaching suffixes. For instance, the II. suffix He gives
the verb the same causative sense as does the suffix isa in Zulu, thus, H. stai (stand),
stai-sie (make stand); Z. hlala (stay), hlal-isa (make stay, stop). The H. suffix yes
gives the verb the same particular 'transitive' sense as does the suffix eza in Zulu,

— 80* —

thus, II. ba (give), ba-yes (hand to); Z. nika (give), nik-eza (hand to). The suffix
da in Hansa gives the verb a sense of 'entirely', just as does the Z. adverbial particle

suffix) hya when placed immediately after any verb.

A verb >//', with the sense of 'do', is used in conjunction with nouns to form
verbs, thus ni yi mag ana (I <1<> speech = I speak). This particle, again, may have
ne relationship to the particle ya used in Zulu with verbs, in order to express a
•pi ive' sense, thus, ngi ya kuluma (I do speak, or I am speaking).

A certain particle si is prefixed to verbs to lend them a kind of personal or re-
flective feeling, thus, si-dzoro (feel in oneself fear, i.e. be frightened). This is no
doubl closely related to the Zulu reflective particle zi (self).

The future tense of the verb is formed by prefixing the particle za (go), not as
in Zulu, between the pronoun and the verb, but right at the beginning, before the
pronoun, thus, za ni faff/a (going I go = I going to go, I shall go); Z. ngi zaku
hatnba (I go-to go = I shall go).

The curious custom of the Zulu sometimes affixing its negative particles at once
both before and after a verb, is found also in Hausa, thus, H. ba na-sanni ba (not

I know not I know not), Z. a ng(i)-aza nga (not I knew not = I knew not).

Compare: — H. mutum (man), Z. umu-ntu; H. yaro (boy), Z. um-fana; H. da
(son), '/.. in-doda (male-adult); H. sa (bull), Z. in-kunzi; H. sania (cow), Z. zana
eneral female suffix of nouns); H. nama (meat), Z. i-nyama; H. karifi (iron),
/.. in-tsimbi) II. tamaha (hope), Z. temba; H. ido (eye), Z. i-so, i-hlo; H. oba
(father), Z. u-baba; H. siekara (year), Z. u-nyaka; H. kuda (fly), Z. im-pukane;
II. kwana (day), Z. u-suku (day), u-kwikwi (dawn), mzukwana (on the day, when);

II dang a (garden), Z. isi-vande; H. tufa (clothing), Z. in-gubo; H. sa (drink),
/. sela, puza; H. kare (end), Z. kawula; H. tsai (stand), Z. ma (stand), Mala (stay);
II. ba (give), Z. pa; H. matse (wife), Z. um-fazi; H. sanni (know), Z. azi; H. tse

. i, /. 8ho, ti.

In order to curtail our remarks as much as possible, in considering the following
Negro languages, we shall assume that the reader is already thoroughly acquainted
with the Zulu grammar, so that it will suffice simply to indicate the several points
of resemblance without going further into explanations.

Wolof shows the use of prefixes in a rudimentary stage. It forms nouns from
verba by prefixing an n or m to the latter, though this practice is not nearly so de-
veloped as among the Niger tribes. Thus, m-binda, a letter (fr. binda, write); n-du-
nde, life (fr. dunde, live).

In assuming these nasal prefixes, we observe that the root sometimes changes
its initial consonant for euphony, thus, tn-po, a play (fr. fo, to play).

There are also participial nouns formed from verbs by the suffixing of ye, thus,
■</". to bathe; sangaye, bathing. The verbal participles in Zulu also commonly take,
apparently simply for euphony, a particle yo attached as suffix. There may be some
connection between these two habits.

We find, also, a nounal suffix ite denoting 'having done', thus, the noun so/>-
ite, the having loved (fr. the verb sopa, love). The Zulu forms the perfect or 'having'
tense of its verb by suffixing to this latter a particle He, thus, tanda, love, tand-
ile, have Loved. There is manifestly some relationship between these two particles.

The plural of nouns is usually formed by suffixes, though also sometimes by
prefix.

The reciprocal class of verbs is formed by changing the end of the verb into
ante, while the Z. changes it into ana, thus, W. sopa, love, sopante, love one another;
Z. tanda, love, tandana, love one another.

Compare: nar, tell lies (Z. ama-nga, lies); baye, father ( Z. u-baba, father);
yapa, meal ('/.. v-nyama, meat); also, ukaye, a nounal suffix denoting 'the place for',
thus, nelaw, Bleep, nelaivukaye, a sleeping-place (cp. Z. i-kaya, one's place, i.e. where
he lives, his home, or where he is making for, his destination).

Ibo. This language has several singular prefixes (though no plural), in con-

j unction with nouns formed from verbs, thus, a-dzu, question (fr. dzu, ask — cp. Zulu

.</. ask); ertsi, thought (fr. tse, think— cp. Z. ti, think, sho, consider); i-hu, face

(fr. //>/. see cp. Z. ubu-so, face); o-ku, word (fr. ku, speak — cp. Z. kuluma, speak);

knowledge (fr. ma, know); n-kalu, deceit (fr. kalu, deceive — cp. Z. kohlisa,

.: m-moiga, 'l-.r-trine (fr. moiga, teach).

— 81* —

Also zi, send (cp. Z. za, come, zisa, make come); bibi, knock to ruins (cp. Z.
bibi, fall to pieces); ga, go (cp. Z. //a, go.)j /;«, kill ( cp. Z. bulala, kill); r-.c, chief
(cp. Z. in-kosi, chief); nye, give (cp. Z. wZ/ca, give); wrco, one (cp. Z. »ye, one);
abuo, two (cp. Z. 6i7i, two); «Zo, three (cp. Z. £a£w, three); anno, four (cp. Z. we,
four ).

Fanti, ebien, two (cp. Z. fo7i, two); anan, four (cp. Z. we, four); i-du ten (cp.
Z. i-shumi, ten).

Ewe or Evhe and neighbouring languages have both suffixes and prefixes, the
latter mostly connected with nouns formed from verbs, thus, a-dc, a hunt (fr. <l<\ catch ) ;
e-so, horse (fr. sun, run — cp. Z. subata, run); en-da, sleep (fr. da, sleep cp. Z.
Zrt/a, to sleep, da/ca, stupefy); also yi, go (cp. Z. y«, go).

The Ewe has no separate form for plural; but the Odshi, a neighbouring tongue,
has also plural prefixes, thus, ti, head, a-ti, heads; a-pata, a fish, em-pata; kuku, a
pot, en-kuku.

Efik has prefixes, both singular and plural, thus, i-dara, joy (fr. dara, rejoice
— cp. Z. taba, delight, jabula, rejoice); u-bak, part (fr. bak, divide — cp. Z. banda,
split); m-bre, play (fr. bre, to play); edi-tono, beginning (fr. tono, begin). As plural
prefixes we find nyene, possessor, andi-nyene, possessors (fr. nyene, possess — cp Z.
inn-vim, possessor); ete, father, m-ete; o-fu, slave, n-fu; esen, guest, i-sen. Also, iba,
two (cp. Z. bill, two); ita, three (cp. Z. tatu, three); inan, four (cp. Z. we, four);
ikie, hundred (cp. Z. i-kulu, hundred ).

Vei, fa, die (cp. Z. fa, die); bo, friend (cp. Z. isi-hlobo, friend); ka, snake (cp.
Z. i-nyoka, snake).

The Vei, as well as the neighbouring Mande, form nouns rather with suffixes
than prefixes, and occasionally show a separate form for the plural, also by means of
suffixes.

Mande, ro, say (cp. Z. sho, say); nani, four (cp. Z. ne, four).

Susu, fa, come (cp. Z. za, come); fu, ten (cp. Z. i-shumi, ten).

Sonrhai forms a plural by means of suffixes, thus, kamb, hand, kamb-e, hands,
(cp. Z. is-andhla, hand; baniba, hold); hau, head of cattle, hau-o (cp. Z. in-komo,
head of cattle). Also, ma, name (cp. Z. i-gama, name); nam, bite (cp. Z. nambita,
taste); tarn, catch (cp. Z. bamba, catch); fu-s, tumour (cp. Z. i-tumba, tumour); fit,
blow out (cp. Z, /*w£«, blow); ya, body (cp. Z. igazi, blood; um-zimba, body); ham,
meat (cp. Z. i-nyama, meat); he, cry tears (cp. Z. i-nyembezi, tear); &a, come (cp. Z.
za, come).

Logone, sa, drink (cp. Z. sela, puza, drink); pau, white (cp. Z. mhlope, white);
Ze&w, shirt (cp. Z. u-lembu, spiders-web).

Wandala or Mandara has suffixes in the plural, thus, luguma, camel, luguma-ha,
camels (cp. Z. in-komo, head of cattle); na, see (cp. Z. bona, see); ma or wie, if (cp.
Z. w/wa, if).

The particle na is used, like the ya in Zulu, to form the progressive tense in
verbs, though now as suffix, thus, ye-ze, I eat (Z. ngi-dhla); ye-ze-na, 1 eat-ing, I am
eating (Z. ngi-ya-dhla). The suffix ka, as in the Zulu, is used to form a negative,
thus, ye-ze, I eat; ye-za-ka, I eat not (Z. ka-ngi-dhli, not I eat, I eat not).

Bullom and Temne have prefixes, thus, i-por, rain (cp. Z. im-vula, rain); u-mar,
love (fr. mar, to love — cp. Z. tanda, to love); w-/b, speech (fr. /b, speak- cp. Z.
s^o, say). There are also suffixes.

The plural is genei*ally formed by means of prefixes, thus, pokan, man, a-pokan,
men; pom, leaf, i-pom; i-tu, pot, n-tu; kil, monkey, si-kil (cp. Z. in-lcaivu, monkey);
/bZ, eye, to-fol (cp. Z. t'-so, i-hlo, eye).

A causative form of verbs is constructed by affixing /, where the Zulu affixes
isa.

The negative is shown by means of en as a suffix, changing to ken after vowels.
Compare with the Z. negative suffix nga.

Also, i-pan, moon (cp. Z. i-nyanga, moon); gbal, write (cp. Z. bala, write);
gbe, go (cp. Z. hamba, go); ZoZi, soothe, quieten (cp. Z. Z?<Za, be quiet, calm); ten,
sweet (cp. Z. mtoti, sweet).

— 82* —

Mafor has both prefixes and suffixes. The adjectives ?follo\v their nouns.

The perfect tense of the verb is formed by placing kwar (already) after the
rb, where the Zulu suffixes the particle He.

The future is formed by placing nerri (still) before the verb as well as pronoun.
The Zulu word Eor 'still' is sa, but the particles used for forming the future. in Zulu
are za and >/>/, placed before the verb, but after the pronoun.

The particle ba is used as a verbal suffix to express the negative, as is the

nga in Zulu.

t'.Mii | >are:— mankoko, fowl (Z. in-kuku, fowl); snun, man (Z. umu-iitu, man);
mbran, go (Z. hamba, go); ma, and ( Z. na, and).

Bari knows nothing of prefixes, with one or two exceptions among its most
primitive words, thus, baba, father, pi. ko-baba (cp. Z. u-baba, father, pi. o-baba);
note, mother, pi. ko-note (cp. Z. u-nyoko, mother, pi. o-nyoko). The newer words
adopl suffixes.

Compare, nyo, what (Z. ni, what); yango, mother (Z. u-nyoko); bongo, gar-
ment i Z. in-gubo, garment); doto, to sleep (Z. ubu-tongo, sleep).

Baghirmi, man, water (cp. Z. ama-nzi, water); dza, fish (cp. Z. in-tlanzl, fish).

Maba or Mobba, tang, house (cp. Z. i-tanga, temporary hut).

Teda or Tibbu, goni, camel (cp. Z. in-komo, head of cattle).

Kanuri uses suffixes for both the plural and to mark the different cases. The
particle wa, either alone after the root, or inserted between the root and the case-
suffiM's, marks the plural. Thus, soba-ye (Norn, a friend), soba-be (Gen. of a friend),
etc, plur. soba-wa-ye ( Norn, friends), soba-wa-be (Gen. of friends), etc. Compare
noba, friend (Z. isi-hlobo, friend).

Gal la is neither a Negro language nor a Negro race, being supposed to be
rather Hamitic. However, we may compare, shan, five (Z. hlanu, five); dera, long
( /,. t/r, long); sibila, iron (Z. in-tsimbi, iron); yogga, year (Z. u-nyaka, year); karra,
way {'/.. in-dhlela, way); lola, war (Z. hua, fight); oise, warm (Z. osa, roast); kesati,
within (Z. pakati, within).

A
SYNOPSIS

OF THE

ZULU GRAMMAR

1. Letters. Of these there are 26 used in the Zulu language, when written accord-
ing to the improved orthography of this Dictionary. Of these, three (c, q and .r) are
used to represent clicking sounds; one (?•), an European, but non-Zulu, sound; and
the remainder the ordinary normal sounds of the Roman alphabet.

2. Pronunciation. This will be found exhaustively treated in the text of the
Dictionary at the commencement of each letter. Briefly regarded it is as follows: —

A takes the continental sound, as in the Eng. word 'father.' It has three var-
ieties of length — ( 1 ), short, as in the words mind ( me ) and ukuti sdkd ( to scatter ) ;
(2), full, as in the penultimate of words, e.g. udaka (mud), intlahla (luck); (3), long,
as in the penult of intlahla (old basket) and ihashi (horse), and according to the
new orthography written with a aa.

B has three sounds — (1), close or inspirated, as in beka (place); (2), open or
aspirated, as in imbhobo (hole) and ubambho (rib) — this variety is distinguished
by a bh; (3), exploded, as in bheka (look) and umbhobho (tube) — also distinguished
by a bh.

C represents the dental click, which has four varieties of sound— (1), simple,
as in caca (be plain); (2), aspirated, as in chacha (cover), for which a ch is used;
(3), hard liquid, as in gcagca (dance) and gcoba (anoint), for which a gc is used;
(4), soft liquid, as in ingcacane (certain plant) and ingcosana (a little), for which
also a gc is used. There is possibly also an aspirated gc, or gch.

D has the same sound as in English. It is not yet ascertained whether there
are not two varieties of this letter, a close and an aspirated.

E takes the continental sound, as in the Eng. word 'there.' It has three var-
ieties of length — (1), short, as in ccbebe (flat); (2), full, as in the penultimate of
words, e.g. ceba (inform against); (3), long, as in ceba (be wealthy), and written
with a ee.

F has the same sound as in English.

G has the sound of the hard g in English, though always aspirated. It is not
yet ascertained whether there are not also two varieties of this letter, a close and an
aspirated.

H represents the aspirate, in Zulu always more or less forcibly gutturalised
according to taste or habit, as in hambha (go) and umhaivu (emotion).

/ takes the continental sound, as in the Eng. word 'ravine.' It has three var-
ieties of length — (1), short, as in imirii (noon) and idi (stick); (2), full, as in the

* This is designed, not so much for teaching the language to a beginner (for which an
exhaustive treatise on the subject should be employed), as for purposes of reference and ex-
planation to those consulting this Dictionary, and of drawing the attention of students to certain
more recent information on Zulu linguistics not contained in the present-day grammars.

V*

— 84* —

penultimate of words e.g. hila (choke) and mina (me), or in the prefix of the 2nd.
class e.g. ieilo (filthy thing); (3), long, as in isislla (bird's-tail) and isihiya (por-
ridge ). and written with a ii.

J has the same sound as in English.

K has two sounds — (1), close or inspirated, as in kanye (once) and inkuku
(fowl); ("->. open or aspirated, as in khanya (shine) and ikhukhu (pocket).

/. has the same sound as in English.

.1/ lias the same sound as in English. It also sometimes represents a sound some-
what resembling that of the Eng. interjection iuml\ in which cases it is a contraction
for the syllable urn, and is written m.

X has the same sound as in English.

0 lakes the continental sound, as in the Eng. words 'all' and 'nor'. It has three
varieties of length — (1), short as in iso (eye) and gdlozela (stare); (2), full, as in the
penultimate of words, e.g. in isikova (owl) and gbloza (stare); (3), long, as in isikova
(banana-plantation) and ihobe (destitute man) and written with a oo.

/' has two sounds — (1), close or inspirated, as in potshoza (pour forth) and im-
prlu (really); (2) open and aspirated, as in phoshoza (chatter) and phela (end).

Q represents the palatal click, of which there are four varieties of sound — (1),
simple, as in qalaza (stare about); (2), aspirated, as in qhalaza (behave impudently),
for which a (/// is used; (3), hard liquid, as in isigqala (cow with little milk), for
which a gq is used; (4), soft liquid, as in ingqondo (sense), for which also a gq is
used. Then1 seems also to be an aspirated gq, as in the example igqhalashu (mungoose),
as pronounced by some.

R with the trilling sound as in English, does not exist in Zulu, unless in foreign
words e.g. the name uMaria, or in recently coined words, as in ukuti dri (whirr
round ).

S has the simple hissing sound as in the Eng. word 'sin', never the z sound as
in the word 'wise'.

T has two sounds — (1), close or inspirated, as in toba (get softened) and
tenga (wave to and fro); (2), open and aspirated, as in thoba (bow down) and
thenga (barter).

U takes the continental sound, as in the Eng. word 'plume'. It has three varie-
ties of length — (1), short, as in lenu (your) and isulubezi (bad luck); (2), full, as in
the penultimate of words e.g. in nquma (become solid) and kuye (to him), or the
prefix of the 6th. class e.g. in uhlupo (affliction); (3), long, as in nquma (cut off),
and written with a uu.

V lias the same sound as in English.

W represents the semi-vowel u when combining in sound with another vowel
immediately following it. The sound produced, and represented by this letter, is
consequently not so full or broad as the English sound.

X represents the lateral click, of which there are four varieties — (1), simple,

in ukuti xa (spread apart); (2), aspirated, as in ixha (bundle), for which an xh is

I: (3), hard liquid, as in ugxa (rod), for which a gx is used; (4), soft liquid, as

in ingxabano (quarrel), for which also a gx is used. There may also possibly bean

aspirated gx, or gxh.

Y represents the semi-vowel i when combining in sound with another vowel
immediately following it. The sound produced, and represented by this letter, is con-
sequently aot so full and broad as the English sound.

Z has the same sound as in English.
The following combinations are used to describe special sounds: —

/•'//, sec B.

( 'A, see C.

/>/// represents the deep throat lisp, as in dhlula (pass), and resembling the
id of the //// in the Eng. word 'smoothly'.

< !'-. ee C.

Gch, aee C.

Gq, see Q.

Gqh, see <}.
X.

Gxh, see X.

/// represents the medium or mouth lisp, as in ahlula (overcome), and resem-
bling the sound of the lid in the Eng. word 'deathly'.

- 85* -

Hh represents the soft or breath-like h, as in the words umhhahha (a single
stroke) and hhahula (blurt out).

Kh, see K.

Ph, see P.

Qh, see Q.

Rr represents the strong guttural sound, as in the words irrwa (spear) and
rreza (milk into the mouth).

Sh has two sounds — (1), soft, as in the Eng. word 'sherry'; (2), hard, as in
'cherry' — but both sounds are interchangeable.

Th, see T.

Tl represents the sharp or dental lisp (being a variety of the III lisp and occur-
ring wherever that lisp immediately follows an n), and resembles somewhat the sound
of the 'tl' in the Eng. word 'neatly', as in the word inTsele (ratel).

Tsh repi'esents a combination of the sounds of a close or ins-pirated t together
with an sh, and resembles somewhat the sound of the t in the Eng. word 'virtue'
when pronounced with an intentional retention or closing in of the sound upon its
expulsion from the mouth, as in the words itshe (stone) and tshala (plant).

3. Words — their Syllabification. The general rule in Zulu is for every word,
phonetically considered, and every separate syllable thereof, to end in a vowel. Thus,
ta-nda (love), not tan-da; u-bn-ntu-twa-ne (ant-nature), not ub-un-tut-wan-e. This
gives an easy rule for the correct division of polysyllabic words.

Etymologically this rule is not always correct, as e. g. in the word ubu-nTu-twa-
ne, where the second phonetic syllable ntu combines a portion of a prefix (the eupho-
nic n) and a portion of a root (Tu) — from the noun intutwane (ant). But in actual
speech, etymology must submit to the particular grammatical rules governing each
language.

4. Accentuation and Quantity. Every syllable in a Zulu word contains a single
vowel, and that vowel may be long, full or short (i. e. its quantity), and either accented
(with a long or short emphasis) or altogether unaccented (i. e. its accentuation). Thus,
in the word i-si-Pii-ku-pu-ku, we have the first four syllables, as well as the last, all
short, while the fifth is full in quantity— thus, "i-si-Pu-ku-pu-ku; and again, as to its
accentuation, we have the first syllable bearing a short accent, the second short but
unemphasised, the third bearing a short accent, the fourth short and unemphasised,
the fifth bearing a long accent, and the final short and unemphasised— thus, i-si-Pu-
ku-pu-ku.

There are, therefore, in Zulu three accents, a short, a full and a long, or rather
one accent carrying one of three various quantities. The long accent is rare and
altogether unusual, and therefore has no rule. The rule of the full accent is that it
always and only occurs on the penult of words, as in tdnda, gudhlula, bekezela.
The fixing of the short accent, however, is more capricious ; and, except in the case of
so-called ukuti verbs, in which it invariably selects the first syllable (e. g. in ukuti
t'ucu, ukuti fokoqo, ukuti fiihluhdu), any formulation of rules would scarcely coun-
terbalance the exceptions required thereto; for each class of words seems to be a rule
unto itself, as the following examples will show — the sign '-'over a vowel indicating
the full accent, not the long, which does not appear: —

f-fa
u-ku-dhla

i-nko-mo

i-nga-ga-ne

u-fu-ku-fu

u-bu-to-ngo

i-nko-si-ka-zi

u-bu-nko-nya-na

pe-le-ke-ze-la

i-mbl-li-ki-ca-ne

e-nko-si-ka-zl-ni

i-si-pu-ku-pu-kwa-na

e-ku-pe-le-ke-ze-le-ni.

5. Compound Words. These are both numerous and peculiar in the Zulu speech.
They are formed by stringing together a number of separate, generally monosyllabic

— 86* —

dements of speech which have no definite meaning, and are never used, standing
alone, !>ut which, by virtue of being placed in a certain relationship to other particles
of Bpeech gain a definite shade of meaning which they lend to the whole and enable
it to express a single completed, and often to our view quite comprehensive, thought.
Such a combination <^ particles is bound together in the Zulu's speech under one
common penultimate or full accent, which, indeed, is the sign that the single quan-
tum of sense, or word, is, in the Native mind, complete. Thus, in the words ngaye
(formed of nga and ye), engakadhli (of e nga ka and dhli), and ngiyakutanda (of
ngi i/n kit and tanda), the particles e. g. nga, ka and yaku could not be separated
from the particles ye, dhli and tanda respectively, without altogether destroying the
accentuation, or, in other terms, destroying the word; and, further, alone they would
present ao definite meaning to the hearer, anymore than would the particle bo in the
Latin future amabo, or the ing in the English participle 'eating' if separated from the
kernel of the word.

Accentuation, then, is the only guide by which we know whether particles of

Bi li are to be regarded as independent, or as forming part of a compound word.

Thus, leyo nkomo is not a compound word because there are two penultimate or
full accents, showing that, in the Native mind, each particle of speech stands alone;
but leyo'ndhlu is a compound word and must be united in writing, since both the
particles of speech are united under a common penultimate; which is the case again
in such instances as tel'amanzi, or wangip amasi, where the first accent has become
shortened and subordinated to the full accent in the penultimate, thus being accentu-
al-''1 differently from the sentences tela amanzi, or wangipa amasi, where there are
two separate full accents.

The copulation of two words into one compound mainly occurs, in actual pro-
nunciation, in those instances where the elided vowel is that of the first word, as in
the example leVihashi; where it is that of the second word, the two words are
-rally pronounced separately, each with its own penultimate, as in the exemples
lelo hashi, zonke zikati; unless that second word be a monosyllable, in which case
it is always joined, under one penult, to the word preceding, as for instance leyo'nja,
kabanginika'zwi.

6. Elision. When two otherwise independent particles or words, one ending and
the other beginning with a vowel, are brought together in a close relationship, the
weaker of those vowels, as an aid to fluency of speech, may be elided, and the two
words joined together in one, or not, according as accentuation requires (see § 5).
Thus:

tin'abantu (for tlna abantu),
ivangip' amasi (for ivanglpa amasi),
kuy'op'igazi (for kuyaojja igazi),

bay'enza (for bayaenza — the mere insertion of a euphonic y in
thi instance would lead to confusion with the accusative pronoun of the 3rd class).

leVihashi (for leta ihashi),
lol'uti (for lolu uti)
kafun'iniali (for kafuni imali),
les'isitsha (for Usi isltsha).
ngihlushwa Vinxeba leli.

But:

Telo 'hashi, (for lelo ihashi),

lezi-ya 'zinkomo, (for lezi-ya izinkomo),

zonke zikati ( for zonke izikati ).

imilar elision also occurs in the formation of the vocative case of nouns (e.g,
I"'), and the genitive of some nouns of the first class (e.g. ezika'Cishi/ ).

and upon other occasions to be learnt from the

7. Coalition of vowels. Whenever the prepositions na, nga, kwa, njenga, imined-

:.v precede a noun or verb in the infinitive, the two words join together, the final

vowel or the preposition coalescing with the initial vowel of the noun or verb, as fol-

" and a, into </; u and i, into e; a and o, or a and u, into o.

lie- same rule holds also in the conjunction of the genitive particles (see § 23)

with their governed nouns.

— 87* —

The preposition ku, however, instead of coalescing, generally causes the initial
vowel of the following word to he elided.

8. Euphonic copulatives. Where, however, two particles of speech, one ending and
the other commencing with a vowel, are brought together in close relationship, and
the retention of both vowels is of grammatical necessity, such vowels arc coupled to-
gether by the insertion between them of one or other of the semi-vowels to or ij ( sec
Alphabet). Thus: —

(amahashi lawo) a-w-ako (for a ako),
(lawo 'mabantshi) a-w-odtva (for a odwa),
(umfana) o-w-alusayo (for o alusayo),
(inja) e-y-aziyo (for c aziyo),
(intaba) e-y-ehlayo (for e elilayo),
ba-yi-bona (for ba i bona).

The rule for such combinations, based on euphony, is as follows: -

a with any vowel = w\ except a with i and sometimes e — y.
e „ „ „ = y; except e with o-or u = w.

i „ „ „ = y; except i with o or u = w.
o „ „ „ = w; except o with i — y.
u „ ,, „ = w.

Other euphonic particles are ng, I, y, iv and s. These, like the foregoing, are
primarily copulative in their nature and used to remove a hiatus, though sometimes
they stand as introductory particles at the commencement of a word.

They are employed — (1), where, by reason of the omission of some intervening
particle of the verb to be, nouns, pronouns or adjectives come to follow immediately
after a pronoun, even though sometimes that pronoun (generally impersonal cases,
amounting merely to it is) may be left absolutely unexpressed; (2), after passive-
verbs, as agent to same.

Ny is used only before nouns, pronouns or adjectives commencing with an a,
e, o, or u (except in the case of nouns of the 5th. class). Thus: —

kung amahashi (for ku amahashi).
eng' umfana nje (for e umfana).
kwakung'enkulu inkunzi (for kwaku enkulu).
ng'umsebenzi wami (for ku — understood — umsebenzi).
kung'utshani bami (for ku utshani).
wahlushwa ng'abantu (for wahlushwa abantu).
sashay wa ng'uive (for sashay wa mve).

L is used in a similar manner with nouns of the 2nd. and 5th. classes. Thus:-

kul'ihashi (for ku ihashi).
kul'uto olukulu kuye (for ku uto).
V ulwandhle (for ku ulwandhle).
wahlatshwa Vuti lolu (for wahlatshwa uti).

Y is used before nouns, pronouns or adjectives commencing with an i.
y'ini, 'mfana? y'izinkomo (for ku ini, ku izinkomo).
kuy'i?iqola (for ku inqola).
kwakuy'ibona (for ku ibona).
ubulewe y'inkosi (for ubulewe inkosi).
uguliswa y ilesi 'silonda (for uguliswa ilesi'silonda).

W is occasionally used in place of the particle ng.

ew' umfana nje (for e umfana).

kuw} umsebenzi wako (for ku umsebenzi).

S is used before nouns in the locative case.

bas'emfuleni (for ba emfuleni).
owas'oNgoye (for owa oNgoye).
The origin of these euphonic particles ng, y and I, although, in the present ad-
vanced and altered state of the language, no longer perceptible, seems to us to have
been the impersonal particles or pronouns ku, i, and li or In, and signifying simply
an indefinite it. The ku became in time softened down to ng. Thus, ng'abantu, u</'a-

nil into

sh

b

tsh

hh „

3

■'

ny

»1> „

ntsh

nbh „

nj

d „

J

— 88* —

■fi<t.<)ii, for ku or fcw abantu, ku or kw amahashi. Y'ini le ekalayo (where ini
has assumed the form of a noun of the 3rd. class), for i ini; or y'inqola, for i inqo-
la. Vuli, again, for lit uti. Uguliswa y'ilesisilonda (where the latter compound
word lias assumed the form of a noun of the 3rd. class), for i ilesi silonda. The fact
that at tin' present day the impersonal pronouns proper may be used together and
along with these above-mentioned particles does not prejudice this idea of their origin.

9. Euphonic consonantal changes. Transformation of the internal consonants
of words frequently occurs in Zulu for the sake of euphony. This change takes place
on the following occasions : — (1), in the formation of the diminutive of words (see
^ 20); C-), in the formation of the locative case of nouns (see § 23); (3), in the for-
mation of the passive voice of verbs (see § 42).

W'oi-ds, therefore, in any such positions and containing within themselves — for
these changes never affect the first syllable of any root — the following letters and
combinations of letters, have them euphonically changed, as below: -

e. g. bopa, passive boshiva.

„ loba, „ lotshwa.

„ bhubhlsa, „ bhujiswa.

„ luma, „ lunyiva.

„ mpompa, „ mpontshwa.

„ bambha, „ banjwa.

„ isibhuda, locative isibhujana (the latter
change only occurs in the locative case of nouns, not with verbs.

10. Correct method of writing Zulu.* This is a subject about which there has
hitherto been great divergence of method and opinion; and this, perhaps, because
nobody has been forthcoming who, after formulating a practical and logical system,
has taken the trouble to inform the public of it. We propose here to make an effort
to remedy this deficiency, and, by submitting a carefully considered system, to in-
troduce some general agreement and uniformity of practice in this matter. But in
order to attain so desirable an end, we shall first of all have to be prepared to change
Borne of our cherished habits and to sacrifice some of our erroneous prejudices.

The first and chiefest rule is to write, as far as possible, exactly as the Native
eaks. There must, in our writing, be a correct spelling, a correct compounding,
and a correct dividing of the Zulu words.

The present imperfect and faulty method of lettering must be abolished, and a
tine and phonetic rendering of the various sounds adopted. Such a system is out-
lined we believe, for the first time, in so far as it regards the Zulu language — in
the pages of this Dictionary. The use of the new lettering may be found somewhat
irksome and its appearance produce something of a shock at first; but the change
has Keen safely accomplished in the Xosa language, and can be equally so in the Zulu.
The Native newspapers in the former language are now written in the improved style,
and neither writers nor readers find it anything but convenient and as it ought to be.
The spelling of Zulu words in future should, therefore, be strictly in accordance with
that shown within brackets after the entries in the vocabularies of this book. Wher-
ever no bracketted indication of change is found, the particular word may be regarded
orrectly spelled according to the old form.

11. Diphthongs. There are no such in Zulu, notwithstanding that they are
frequently seen in Zulu writing. It is altogether antagonistic to the genius of the Zulu
janguage to place two vowels alongside each other in the same word. The rule in Zulu

- for every syllable to commence with a consonant and end with a vowel; and where no
introductory consonanl exists, a semi-consonant or semi-vowel is inserted to answer
the requirements of the language. The connecting consonants or semi-vowels used
for this purpose are mostly either xv or y. These letters, again, Europeans must

It will he observed that the Zulu orthography, as exemplified in the examples, etc., to
n<l in this work, is not in accordance with the rules here laid clown, but rather follows
imperl thod customary hitherto. This has been intentional, for most students of the

ill familiar only with that system of writing. Our first aim as lexicographers
o to explain the meaning of words, not to treat on orthography, which lies more truly
grammarian. Had we introduced changes of style and spelling too ab-
ruptly, while Keeking \>, make clear, we might only have confused.

— 89* —

remember, do not represent the broad full-mouthed sounds of the same letters in
English; such broad sounds are unknown in Zulu. In that language the w and y
are nothing more or less than simply u and i, and are heard so faintly by European
oars as to go often quite undetected. Nevertheless, they are always there, and a Zulu
hears them distinctly. Therefore, wherever in words, simple or compound, two vowels
(apparently) come together in one word, one of the euphonic semi-vowels should
always be inserted in writing, in accordance with the rule in § 8. Thus we should
never write, as is frequently done, waescti (then he said)— a Zulu never spoke so
— but rather wayes'eti; or again, not um-Hau (feeling), but um-Hawu.

Although it has been said above that in Zulu no two vowels may come together
in close connection in one word, nevertheless they may occur in such a position that
one be at the end of a word and the other at the commencement of the word next
following. Thus, it were quite correct to say or write lew as ho inkosi (the chief said so)t

12. Division of words into syllables. The general rule here, required by the
principles of Zulu speech, though sometimes conflicting with the facts of etymological
derivation, is that a word be so divided as to allow of every syllable ending in a
vowel. The syllables, therefore, will, except such as stand at the beginning of words,
generally commence with a consonant. There are, of course, a few exceptions, especial-
ly as regards the prefixes. Thus : —

u-bu-nTa-tiva-ne (not tib-im-Tut-wan-e).
um-Mbi-la (not um-Mbil-a).
ku-y'o-p'i-ga-zi (not kuy'-op-ig-a-zi).

13. Elision of rowels. This is a very common practice in Zulu speech, and
should also be duly marked in Zulu writing. This latter is accomplished by means of
the apostrophe. The insertion of an apostrophe, wherever a letter has been omitted,
removes ambiguity, guides the reader as to the actual manner in which a Native spoke
and makes the construction of complicated words clear. Thus, without it, we might
read the word wenza, and be unable to say whether the present tense (wenza i.e.
u enza) or the past {wenza i.e. iva enza) is intended. Or, again, one might write
down from the mouth of a Native the words tinabantu, kasifunimali, and yet the
reader be utterly at a loss to know whether what the Native actually said was Una
'bantu or tin* abantu, whether kasifun' imali or kasifuni 'mali. A letter has been
skipped in speech, but nothing exists in the writing to show which letter it was.

Wherever, therefore, in a Zulu word, simple or compound, a vowel has been
omitted in its expression, such omission should always be indicated in script by the
insertion of an apostrophe.

This rule refers only to what we may call casual occurrences, not to words of
a fixed formation in which it may occur, e.g. ngomhlomunye (for ngomhla omunye),
or mhlawumbe (for umhla umbe).

The following may serve as examples of this manner of marking an elision :

' Mpande, leukoma, lob utshani,
kwa'Zulu, les'isitsha, lok'ukudhla,
lo'mfazi, lo'vifula, lab' abantu,
leVlhashi, lol'uti, lezizinkomo,

us' uti (for u se uti),
engena'cala (for engena icala),

abak'ontombi (where ontombi is regarded as a plural proper noun of the
first class — the girl's people — abaku or abalea ontombi),
ang'azi. nakubuya (for angi azi na ukubuya),
ub'es'efile (for ube ese efile),
angab'esasho (for angabe or angabi esasho).

The apostrophe is also used to mark off certain euphonic particles from the
actual body of the word to which they are prefixed, and although no elision has taken
place. The justification for this is in the attainment thereby of a greater certainty
as to the meaning and pronunciation of the speech scriptorally expressed. Thus, we
might write the word luti (it is a stick) and the reader imagine that what we intended
to say was 'it says or indicates' (i.e. luti); or, that the / were an intrinsic part of
the body of the word, whereas the portion uti alone constitutes that word; or, he
might be led to give the vowel u an incorrect pronunciation, not recognising that it

— 90* —

is the full // peculiar to nouns, a uti, of the 6th. class. The euphonic initial I is
therefore marked off by an apostrophe, thus, — I'uti (it is a stick), but luti (it indi-

cat<

The above rule, then, is observed in regard to all those euphonic particles ex-
plained under § 8. Thus: —

wahlushwa ng'abantu (he was made to suffer by the people),
but wahlushwa ngabantu (he was made to suffer on account of the people).

ngiy'indodana yako, (I am your son).

ngisheshisiwe ng'amahashi (I have been hastened along by means of
horses >,

but ngisheshisiwe ngamahashi (I have been hastened along on account of the
horses ).

y'ini leyo es'otshanini"? (what is that in the grass)?

I' uti (it is a stick),

us'emfuleni (he is at the river).

This rule is also observed in regard to the imperative mood of verbs commenc-
ing with a vowel. Thus, y'akani, y'embata — the insertion of the apostrophe bring-
ing the actual verb, and often its meaning, into clearer prominence. In regard to
monosyllabic verbs, which usually take a full yi as imperative prefix, there does not
n to be any custom or necessity for the use of an apostrophe. Thus, yidhla, yima.

14. Hyphen. This is another sign made considerable use of in Zulu chirography.
There are in that language several adverbial and pronominal suffixes regularly tacked
on to the end of verbs, nouns and the like in order to qualify them in some way.
Thus we have ni (what)?; pi (where)?; ke (then); ze (empty); and sometimes na
(denoting interrogation). All these particles have an essential and independent meaning
. . t" their own, and they are joined on to other words, not that they be absorbed by
them, but merely as a convenience of enunciation, they being invariably monosyllables,
and monosyllables being antagonistic to the rhythmic flow of Zulu accentuation. Nor
can we depict them standing alone, for they are not so spoken, and our method of
writing must be as near as possible an exact reproduction of the manner of speech.
Were it not that they came into conflict with certain other similar particles likewise
affixed td the end of verbs and with which they might easily be confounded, there
does not appear to be any reason why they should not be joined on absolutely to the
tail of the verbs, precisely, indeed, as the pronouns are prefixed to it at its head. We
Bolve the difficulty, therefore, by making use of the hyphen. This plan not only
preserves the correct accentuation, but it preserves also the identity of the particular
particle and at the same time furnishes a guard against confusion with other similar
verbal suffixes. Thus, the word puzani might, as it stands, mean either 'drink ye!'
or 'drink what?'; or yakani mean 'build ye!', or 'it (the bird) builds what?' Or,
tin, to take the enclitic ke frequently affixed to the end of words. There is in Zulu
a class of verbs ending in ka, which frequently becomes changed into ke. Were no
distinguishing mark apparent in script, this latter particle would often become con-
founded with the former. Thus, anibulaleke might mean 'may ye then kill!' or
'kill ye away then,' or again, 'may ye get killed!' A difference in articulation would
make the difference of meaning clear in speech; and equally clear should it also be
made in script.

Wherefore, all such adverbial and pronominal suffixes, as pi (where), ni (what),
ke I then), ze (empty), ba (who), etc., although no longer capable of being absolutely
Bevered from their governing verbs, etc. — with which they have now entered into
combination as compound words, as witness the common penultimate — might never-
theless be clearly distinguished in script by some sign, e.g., a hyphen, according to
the custom of Colenso. Thus, we should have puzani (drink ye) — where the ni is
not one of the particles of the class to which we refer — but puza-ni (drink what);
and anibulaleke (may ye get killed), but anibulale-ke (may ye then kill).

But this rule applies to those particles only so long as they perform the service
of adverbial suffixes and retain their own essential meaning. Thus, we should write: -

si -pi (isitsha)? where is the vessel?

for each of these particles is really an independent wordlet - the pi retaining its

completeness of meaning as an adverb, and the si being a regular pronoun; so that,

the unexpressed verb to be having been duly supplied, the combined particles form

illy a perfect sentence.

— 91* —

Also, for the same reason : —

una-ni? what have you? what is the matter?
But no hyphen would be used with the following:—

utanda sipi (isitsha)? which (vessel) do you like?
wenza umsebenzi muni? what work do you do?
for the reason, firstly, that the particles pi and ni are no longer adverbial suffixes
meaning 'where' and 'what,' and, secondly, that the particles %i and mit air not
capable of standing independently alone, being merely used as prefixes and devoid of
any substantial meaning of their own. The whole combination, therefore, expresses
together but one single thought incapable of division by a hyphen.

The word ngani (by means of what, on account of what i.e. why) gives rise
to some difficulty of rule. But after much consideration wre have arrived at the con-
clusion that the best working plan is to follow the practice indicated above, using the
hyphen wherever the word signifies 'by means of and omitting it wherever it signi-
fies 'on account of or 'why.' Thus:—

nya-ni? by means of what (instrument)? how?

but:—

ngani? on what accout? why?

In a similar way, though for a slightly different reason — the particle ni, in this
case, meaning not actually 'what,' but being a colloquial abbreviation for y'ini, just
as in English one says and writes 'doesn't' — we write: —
imali-ni? what, or how much, money?
kwozala 'nkomo-ni? what kind of a beast will it give birth to?

But here, as elsewhere, it must be the actual Native tongue that furnishes us with
our rule. Wherever, then, the Native does not join such particles in one compound
word with the governing verb, etc., — which will always be manifested by the fact oi'
the penultimate of the governing word not having been shifted — in such cases, the
particle, standing separately in speech, should be shown standing separately also in
writing. Thus, a Native may say hamba-ke (go along then), but wena ke (you then )
without taking forward the penultimate. Or again, at one time a Native 'may say
uyapi na? (where are you going to?); at another, uyapi-na? (a form of pronuncia-
tion frequently heard in Zululand). The difference in the mode of writing should
give at once the key to a correct reading of what the Native actually said, of the manner
in which he actually spoke.

15. Complex and Compound Words. We use the former term to indicate a
certain class of words, very common in the Zulu speech, which are composed of many
different parts united together under one penultimate accent, as e.y. the wory wab'es'eti
(from waba e se eti), and to distinguish them from simply compound words, as
e.y. the words njengokuba (from njenya ukuba) and uNguboziyeweni (from u ingubo
ziya eiveni). The former are really small sentences in which the component
wordlets, in spite of their concatenation under one principal accent, still retain their
own independent meaning unimpaired; whereas in simple compound-words the com-
ponent particles no longer retain nor express their several original meanings, but are
become amalgamated together as the single sign of a single idea.

A certain school of writers in Zulu have hitherto persistently denied the exist-
ence in Zulu speech of such a thing as complex-words. In a certain well-known Zulu
grammar, we find the following quotation: — 'Most English authors (in Bantu lan-
guages) incorporate in one word the verb, its auxiliary, its pronoun subject, and, if
there is one, its objective pronoun. Grout, however, did not do so; and, as a rule,
French and German authors do not do it either. We think the latter are right, and
we could prove it . . . We can only say that if this system of orthography were
adopted in English, we would, instead of a sentence like 'he had not told it you',
have the big word hehadnottoldityou. There is no more reason to apply it to Bantu
than to European languages '.

Yet in truth there is a very good reason, though it may not have occurred to
the writer of the above lines, nor to those who habitually use his system of ortho-
graphy. For if English were Bantu, and the rule of word-construction therein were
that every completed wood be distinguished by the fixture of one full principal penul-
timate accent — as is the case in Zulu; and if we found such expressions as 'he had
not told it you' not so spoken as here written, but with the various particles rapidly
linked together in one single effort of speech and under the government of one single

- 92* -

principal accent falling on the particle it, we contend that such an expression would
be quite correctly written it' penned as actually spoken, without any dismemberment
of its parts, in one united whole, with the accentuation properly shown. And more
than that, we contend that it would bo positively incorrect to write the word otherwise.
Colenso applied this reasoning to Zulu and acted on it, and most well-informed authors

do the same.

We thus have the rule, that all complex-words, constituted of several distinct
particles or wordlets, which could not with any intelligibility to the Natives be chopped
up into separated, independent particles of speech, and which are regularly joined
together by them under one common penultimate (always clearly marked by an ac-
centuation peculiar to itself), should be also so strung together in writing as to form
one word or complete expression of thought. Thus ivahamba (he went). Some
persons write this as wa hamba, apparently for no other reason than that in English,
the 'he' is separated from the 'went.' But in the Native mind, the particle wa, when
standing alone, as a distinct word, is absolutely unintelligible and meaningless.

Again, the expressions siyakubona (we shall see), and siya 'kubona (we go to
see), are by some persons — and apparently for the same reason as given above, viz.,
that English speech and orthography require it so — both written in the same way,
in chopped up particles, without any regard to accentuation, and just as though each
particle, when standing alone, had any meaning at all, thus — si ya ku bona. The
different particles only obtain a definite meaning — that in the speaker's mind — when
strung together as the Native does so, under one penult according as he places it.
In the first instance, siyakubona, we hear the peculiar penultimate accent only once,
■ 'ii the bo, wherefore we connect all in one thought or word together; in the second
case we hear the penultimate accent twice, on the si and on the bo, hence we write
two divisions of speech or two words.

It is true that, according to our system, we shall sometimes find two complex-
words appearing exactly the same in script and yet in meaning and pronunciation
different But this defect is attributable not so much to the system of writing as to
the actual manner of Native speech. For certainly, in both cases, the component
particles of such words will be found duly united by him under one single principal
accent the difference of meaning and pronunciation being accomplished by varying
the position of the secondary or short accents, or by the dissimilar 'quantities' of the
subsidiary constituent particles. Thus, the word belisadukile may mean (it, the cat,
was still astray) and belisadukile (it, the sun, was glaring hot). Both words are
written alike, but constructed and pronounced differently, each, as said, according to
its composition. The first might be divided into its component particles thus: — be-
lisa-dukile, comprising four different wordlets, and the length of the several syllables
being respectively — short with short accent, short, full, short, full with long accent,
short The second might in a similar way be divided — be-li-sadukile, comprising three
wordlets, and the length of the several syllables respectively — short with short accent,
short, short, short, full with long accent, short. The words are thus of different quan-
tities, though of like accentuation. The sa in the former word is an independent par-
ticle signifying "still" and retains the sound of a full (though unaccented) a; the sa in
tie- second word is part and parcel of the word saduka, and as such only of short
measure - which fact gives at once the key to the construction of the compound word,
well as marking the difference of meaning and pronunciation. Words of this de-
scription in Zulu remind us of such words in English as 'increase, concert, record',
.. which, though possessing but one form of script, have two meanings and two
pronunciations, the guide being, just as in Zulu, the accent.

16. Capitals and Proper Names. So far Grout seems to have been the only one

who attempted to formulate for us any fixed rules in regard to this matter. The

practice of Colenso was constantly varying, showing that his own mind was not quite

tied on the subject; at any rate he did not provide us with any regular method

for dealing with these things.

Unhappily Grout's system is inconvenient and irregular — which is, forsooth, a
poor recommendation for any 'rule'. He advises (Rule 5, Par. 64, 'Zulu Grammar')
"all proper nouns, as names of persons, places, rivers and tribes " he commenced
with a capital letter, that is to say, that the. capital letter should appear as the initial
letter of the prefix of the word, not of the root. Thus, Umuti (a person), Utukela
( a over), Inkandhla (a place).

— 93* —

He then proceeds, by supplementary Rule 1 (under the same paragraph) to
direct that, when such names of places appear in the locative case, the first letter is
still that to be capitalised. Thus, Otukela, Enkandhla.

Again, by supplementary Rule 3, he directs that, when such a proper name is
preceded by a particle whose final vowel coalesces with the initial vowel of the proper
name, then the letter to be capitalised is that next following alter tin; crasis. Thus,
ngoTukela (along the Tukela), neNkandhla (and the Inkandhla).

Further, by supplementary rule 4, he dh'ects that proper names of persons, as
Umuti or Ugwayi, when in the genitive or locative case — in which instances, of course,
the initial vowel or prefix is deleted — should capitalise the first of the remaining
letters, thus, ka'Muti (genitive), 'Gwayi! (vocative).

Further on, in his notes upon these above-mentioned rules, he proceeds:—
"After much study ... I see no reason to change or modify the foregoing rules . . .
They are in the best possible accord with good taste, do not mar or break up the
word, or disturb its integrity . . . Much less do they involve any arbitrary, difficult,
or needlessly minute division in a name."

By the above eulogy of his system, Grout seems to have unwittingly stated to
us some of its most conspicuous defects. For just what it does involve is an 'arbi-
trary, complicated and needless' chopping about of the names; just what it does do
is 'to mar and break up the words, and destroy their integrity,' at least in so far
as it makes the name of a particular river appear at one time as though it were
Utukela, at another as though it were Otukela, and at another as though it were
Tukela. And so on with all names written according to this changeable method — the
capital letter, which most people would take to indicate the commencement of the
actual name, would be incessantly altering. At one time Umhlatuze, at another Em-
hlatuze, at another noMhlatuze; at one time Inkandhla, then Enkandhla, and finally
neNkandhla; at one time Undi, then noNdi, and again Ondini!

Still further on, in the same notes above referred to, Grout observes that "in
respect to other methods, it must be said that some of them put indignity upon a
word by separating essential elements, as the incipient from the radical, the inflec-
tional from the root, and so make, as it were, invidious distinctions by passing over
the first part of a word and giving the capital to the second which has really been
brought up from an isolated root condition into recognition, etc." Rut we arc not
at all sure whether his own method does not do precisely all these things; whether,
by stating that the correct name of a river is Utukela, and then writing noTukela,
he is not 'separating the incipient from the radical, the inflectional from the root';
whether, by continually changing the appearance of the word, he is not systematically
disregarding both prefix and root, 'passing over from the first part of a word and
giving the capital to the second which has been brought up from a root condition
into recognition ' — naming the place at one time Inkandhla, then iNkandhla (in
form neNkandhla); whether the variations Utukela, Otukela, and uTukela (in form
noTukela) are not very marked 'distinctions', not exactly perhaps invidious, but cer-
tainly puzzling to a beginner anxious to know what or where the essential body of
the word really is? A system that preserves the identity of the root-name Tukela
and Nkandhla unchanged under all and every condition, surely cannot be regarded
as inferior, more complicated and less reasonable than the above V Why write at one
time Ufaku for a person's name {e.g. in the sentence ngibona Ufaku), and then
Faku (as in the sentence umfana ka'Faku). In the sentence Uteza noMuti, the rule
of the first word is broken in the second, and vice versa — two proper names, in
which the t and the m are the corresponding initial letters of the root, each following
a different rule of capitalisation, in the former case the sign of the name appearing
in the prefix and in the second case in the root! Or, if we take the sentence Umuti
mubi (written, of course, on the method of Grout), by what means would one show
that the first word represents a person's name (and meaning 'Mr. Muti is bad') and
not simply a medicine (and meaning 'the medicine is bad')?

There is a system of capitalisation which, we believe, is much simpler, more prac-
tical and more logical than that of Grout would seem to be. By it the first letter of-

1. The first word of every sentence (including quotations and verse-lines), and

2. The root of every proper name (including appellations of the Deity),

is always written with a capital. Thus, nMuti (a person), umHlatuze (a river),
leSuto (a country), luGanda (a language).

— 94* —

Should it happen that such names be, not only proper names, but also com-
mence a sentence, then naturally they fall under both rules, and become respectively
UMuti, UmHlatuze, LeSirto, LuGanda.

By this method we retain the identity of the proper name unchanged under all
circumstances. The following may serve as examples: —

umdali, a creator (Umdali, if commencing a sentence; voc. 'mdali),
uMdali, Mr. Creator — a person's name (U Mdali, „ do „ ; voc. 'Mdali),
umDali, the Creator (UmDali, „ do „ ; voc. 'mDali).
uMuti mubi, Mr. Muti is bad.
umuti mubi, the medicine is bad.
uTtikcla, the Tukela-river.
oTukela, at the Tukela.
ngoTukela, along the Tukela.
iNkandhla, the Nkandhla-forest.
Nkandhla, at the Nkandhla.
ngibona it Fa kit, I see Faku.
umfana ka'Fakit, the boy of Faku.

It is true, the first three examples above show three different forms; but then
here it is not three different forms in the one name; here we have three different
words, with different meanings, of which each single one will retain its capitalised
root or essential part unchanged through all circumstances. In Grout's system we
find these changes occurring in the one same word, through the constant shifting of
the capita] letter.

The method above outlined is that generally followed by Colenso and adapted
by Oust in his book on the "Modern Languages of Africa." Imagine the absurdity
Oi the tiling had he classified his Bantu languages, places and peoples according to
the first letter of the prefix instead of that of the root. We should have had Unya-
mtoezi, a country (under U); Wanyamivezi, its people (under W); and Kinyamivezi,
their language (under K); Kiva'zulu, a country (under K); Isizulu, its language
( under I) ; and Abakwa zulu, its people (under A) — instead of finding all the former
ande X (e. g. uNyamwezi, waNyamwezi and kiNyamwezi), and all the latter under
Z. The classification of his 223 Bantu languages would have been impossible had he
discarded the root for the prefix, inasmuch as perhaps most of the Bantu languages
have a Ki or a Si or something very similar as the prefix to their name.

Indeed, even in the classification of such a Zulu dictionary as we are at pre-
sent engaged with, the adoption of Grout's system would have proved anything else
than 'natural, plain and easy to the reader.' Who, for instance, would have thought
to look for eTekivini (Durban) under "I" (as Iteku), or the mission-station of enTu-
meni under "Intuma", or the Tukela under " U" (as Utukela) ? The root of a name,
and to wit the first or initial portion of that root, is the only unchangeable element
in a Kafir word, and under that it ought always to be classified. According to Grout's
method we should have been compelled to confine our 'classification' of Zulu names
of people to the one letter ' U\ and of places, to the two letters, mainly, ' U' and '/'!

17. Prefixes of Nouns. Most languages of the world are suffix-using, as the Latin
ami Hottentot. Others again are prefix-using, as the Bantu. It seems obvious to us
that suffixes ami prefixes are, in their nature, philologically identical, differing only
in the position which grammar has chanced or chosen to give them in human speech.

Probably because the use of prefixes is an unintelligible novelty to ourselves,
European students of the Bantu languages have displayed a great weakness for in-
dulging in wild and fanciful theories concerning them. And yet it seems so plain
that they are merely the African equivalents to the Aryan a and am, us and i, in the
Latin words domina and dominant, dominus and domini. Prefixes and suffixes a-
like, ami iii both varieties of language, tell us of the particular 'class' of the noun,
and verb, too, in another respect. They indicate to us certain qualities of the word
t<> which they are attached. In the Latin they inform us of the number, gender and

■ the noun, and give us a key to the pronoun that will subsequently stand for
it. In the Bantu they inform us of number, occasionally of case (as in the vocative
and locative ). Buggest to us the nature of the object and give us a key to its pronoun.
In the Latin the suffix vi, in the verb amavi, does for us what is achieved by the
prefix nga in the Zulu verb nyatanda. Whereas, then, the Aryan ancestors of the

— 95* —

Romans chose to place their indicating-particles at the end of words, the African's
ancestors chose to place theirs at the beginning.

The Bantu prefixes are believed by some to be the remnants of 'primitive nouns'
just as the English prefixes 'dom' and 'hood' are from old Saxon words <l~i,i, (doom )
and hod (character), and so on. But this, in our opinion, is exceeding the fair limit
of comparison. We prefer to liken the Bantu prefixes to the suffixes, not of a com-
paratively modern language like English, but of the Sanskrit or Latin, in which it is
not supposedl that they are the remnants of primitive nouns; for, as Prof. Frederick
M tiller asserts, "as for the meaning of the several suffixes (in the Aryan languages),
one cannot affirm that any absolutely certain meaning has been attached to any
particular suffix from the beginning."

Others, again, like Dohne and Torrend, have thought to detect in these Bantu
prefixes the presence of an article. Thus, the latter, taking the prefix um of the 1st.
class, calls the u thereof an article, and the m a classifier. Such theories are often-
times ingenious, but, in our opinion, they are pure fancy; we do not believe that the
statements upon which they are based, really exist. We think that, in the Native
mind, the prefix um, or whatever it may be, will bear no more chopping up within
itself, than would the accusative suffix am in Latin, were one so bold as to assert
that the a therein served the purpose of an article and the m that of a case-indicator.
For, alike in the Zulu as in the Latin, the theory would be found 'not to work.'
Immediately we came to nouns of the 3rd. class in Zulu, we should find the prefix a
simple short * {e.g. in the word i-Nala, plenty). What, then, has become of the
article, or alternatively the classifier, in this the very largest class of nouns? We
elect to agree with Dr. Bleek that, even though an 'ancient article' may have been
contained within the prefixes in primeval antiquity, 'its employment (i.e. of the pre-
fix) nowadays appears mainly to depend upon usage' (or inherited habit) 'and
scarcely upon any intention of thereby defining the noun.'

18. Classen of Nouns. According to the variety of these nominal prefixes, there
are in Zulu eight classes of nouns, as follows: —

Class

Singular Prefix

Pers.
Pron.

Example

Plural
Prefix

Pers.
Pron.

Example

II
III

IV
V

VI

VII
VIII

umu,

um,

u

Hi, contr. i

im

in

i

isi

umu

um

u

ulu, contr. u

ubu

u, contr.

uku

u

11
ii
li
i

11
si
u

ii
hi

bu

ii
ku

umu-ntu, a person
um-fana, a boy
u-Faku, Faku
i-kanda, a head
im-buzi, a goat
in-daba, an affair
i-nala, abundance
isi-tsha, a vessel
umu-ti, a tree
um-fula, a river
u-nyaka, a year
u-bambo, a rib
u-kamba, a beer-pot
u-lcmbu, a spider
ubu-kosi, chieftainship
u-tshwala, beer
\iku-kanya, light

aba

ba

ii

ii

0

ii

ama

a

izim

Zl

xzm

ii

IZl

ii

IZl

Zl

17)11

%

ii

11

ii

11

izim

Zl

izm

11

IZl

11

aba-ntu

aba-fana

o-Faku

ama-kanda

izim-buzi

izin-dhlu

izi-nala

izi-tsha

imi-ti

imi-fula

imi-nyaka

izim-bambo

izin-kamba

izi-lembu.

The above is the classification of nouns according to Colenso's tabulation which
is that followed in this Dictionary. But we venture to believe this tabulation might be
improved, were it arranged as below: —

96* —

Cla

Singular Prefix

Pers.
Pron.

Example

Plural
Prefix

Pers.
Pron.

Example

I

11 IH II

u

i< in a -X tit

aba

ba

aba-Ntu

tun

}j

um-Fana

)>

»

aba-Fana

u

>»

u- Fa Jen

o

)>

o-Faku

II

it m ii

u

umu-Ti

imi

i

imi-Ti

urn

11

um-Fula

n

»

imi-Fula

ii

>)

u-Nyaka

>'

»

imi-Nyaka

m

i, contr. fr. Hi

li

i-Kanda

ama

a

ama-Kanda

IV

ii, contr. fr. ulu

In

u-Bambo

izi-m

■ zi

izi-mBambo

jj

u-Kamba

izi-n

n

izi-nKamba

M

u-Lembii

izi

»

izi-Lembu

V

i-m

i

i-mBuzi

izi-m

zi

izi-mBuzi

i-n

j>

i-nDaba

izi-n

ii

izi-nDaba

i

tj

i-Nala

izi

ii

izi-Nala

VI

isi, or isa

si

isi-Tsha

izi or iza

zi

izi-Tsha

VII

a /hi
ii

hu

ubu-Kosi
u-Tshwala

none

VIII

uku

ku

uku-Kanya

none

This method of tabulation seems to us much more systematic and accurate than
the preceding. It brings those prefixes which are at all similar, and bear comparison,
alongside each other. It brings prominently into view the fact that the m and n in
the plural prefix {izi-m or izi-n) of the IV class (of this tabulation) are merely
euphonic, that their appearance is merely casual and their variation solely caused
and regulated by the nature of the consonant commencing the root, and that, although
occasioned by the junction of a certain variety of vowel in the prefix and a certain
variety of consonant commencing the root, they really pertain to and are pronounced
in conjunction with the root, not the prefix, as the preceding table erroneously leads
one t<> believe. Wherever a root of this class commences with a b, p, f or v, there a
euphonic m is required; in all other instances, an n, except where the initial consonant
<>f tin' root be an h or an I, when no euphonic letter of any description is required.

The same remark refers equally to the prefixes singular and plural of the V
• lass (as here tabulated), where the prefix is solely a short * (differing in pronunci-
ation Erom the full i in the contracted prefix of the III class), and takes an m or n
only fur euphony' sake, according to the aforesaid, rule. But should the root itself
commence with either an m or an n, naturally no further euphonic letter is required,
the shorl i of the prefix remaining alone, as in the words i-Mfangumfangu and
i-Nunqu.

It will be observed, further, that the contracted prefixes, consisting of a single
vowel, show quite a variety of pronunciation. Thus, the u of the I class is short;
that of the IV class, along with the i of the III class, are both full — that is, of the
same quantity as the same vowels when occurring in the penult of words, though, of
course, without the long accent; and, finally, the u of the II and VII classes are both
long. The h of the VII class and the k VIII are, of course, both of the soft or in-
Bpirated variety.

The prefix of the VI class is given as isi, or isa. This does not imply that
either of these prefixes may be used indiscriminately with all and any words of this

but rather that certain of those words may, according to Native usage, take
either of them at choice, or, indeed, in particular cases prefer regularly and solely the

iriety. Thus, isaNgoma or isiNgoma, isiNci or isaNci, isaBongo or isiBongo,

I. "In.; mi Isifukazi, isiNgquma or isaNyquma, isiKwece or isaKwece. Others

again are nowadays never heard with any but the isa prefix. Thus, isaNusi, isaNcape.

Aid yel it is plain, though not in every case, with our present limited knowledge of

itu etymology, absolutely provable,— that in all of these cases the a is part of the

prefix, not tie- root, whi<h commences with the consonant next succeeding it. Thus,

mum forms its abstract noun as ubuNgoma, not as ubiuAngoma as it otherwise

•I. and so showing that the root is ngoma, not angoma; which fact is further

by comparison with other cognate words - iNgoma, etc. — in Zulu and

- 97* —

other Bantu languages. The word isaNcape has a second form iNcape, proving the
same thing. The word isalCwece is from the verb kweca; while the name isaNusi
is manifestly derived from an obsolete verb nusa (= nukisa; cp. susa), meaning
merely isiNukisi (a smeller-out). The use of this isa form of the prefix is, therefore
solely for euphonious purposes.

But this class of words must not be confused with another in which it is self-
evident that the a is part of the root, and not of the prefix, which in these instances
becomes simply is — the final i having been dropped by elision before the stronger
vowel succeeding it. Thus, is-Aliwa (from ala), is-Azi (from azi), and is-Apuko
(from apuka). Some words, as isandhla and isando, are doubtful as to which of the
above classes they belong.

"In all of these cases, then, the etymology of the root of the word must be our
only and infallible guide. Where such is untraceable, both forms and opinions must
be permissible.

In this Dictionary, in order not to create confusion too abruptly, we have ad-
hered to the old familiar style of classifying such words under A, as though that
were the initial letter of the root. We hope, however, by having the above facts more
clearly explained to them, students of the language will come to see the necessity in
a future edition of altering this error.

In regard to the VII class, it may be noted that certain of the coast tribes in
Zululand, as the Elangeni, Mtetwa, etc., have a habit of substituting the uku prefix
for the ubu. Thus, uku-hle (for ubu-hle), uk-omi (for ub-omi).

19. Construction of nouns from verbal roots, etc. At first sight the Zulu usage in
this regard would appear arbitrary and irregular; but upon closer investigation, it
will be found to be quite reasonable and systematic. Thus, from the verb tuta (carry
away) is built the noun i-nTutwane (ant); from this noun (not from the original
verb) is constructed the abstract noun ubu-Ntutwane (ant-nature). Again, from the
verb gana (marry) is formed the noun i-nGane (child); from this noun (not the
preceding verb), the noun isi-Ngane (darling or sweetheart); and finally, from this
latter, the noun um-Ngane (friend). Now, which is the actual and real root of the
words ubu-ntutwane and nm-nganel Obviously the n is no part of the original root
of these words remotely considered ; but, on the other hand, it is certainly a part of
the secondary forms (I do not say the root of such forms) from which they were
constructed. Etymologically, then, it might be more exact to write ubu-nfutwane
icm-nGane; but we should consider the form .ubu-Ntutwane, um-Ngane also permis-
sible and indeed for practical purposes preferable. To be satisfactory to both opinions,
we have entered such words in this Dictionary in both possible places.

20. Nounal suffixes. The diminutive suffixes are ana (= little), and any ana (=
very little). Diminution may also be expressed by the use of the feminine diminutives.

The feminine suffixes are kazi, sometimes azi or azana (= female ), and kazana
(= little bit of a female — gen. with contempt ).

The form kazi is also used as a general augmentative or intensifying suffix
(= great, huge); and, inversely, the forms azana., azanyana, and kazana (= little
bit of a worthless, contemptuous) as diminutives of disparagement.

The final a of these prefixes is often changed into e.

These suffixes are joined on to the end of nouns, adjectives, adverbs and (in
regard to the diminutive forms) also of verbs, the final vowel of such word becoming
either elided before the incipient vowel of the suffix or, if o or u, changed into w.
Thus, intombi (a girl), intombikazi (a huge girl), intombana (a smallish girl ), into-
mbazana (a little girl), intombazanyana (a very little girl); isilo (an animal), isi-
Iwane (a smallish animal), isilivanyane (a little animal), isilw any azana or isilwanya-
kazana (a tiny animal).

21. Number. This is shown by a change of the prefix — see § 18.

22. Gender. The suffix kazi or azi is used in a few words to denote the female
gender, as inKuku (fowl), inKukukazi (a female fowl or hen).

But mostly the distinction of sex is expressed (1) either by a different word for
each gender, as inDoda (husband), umFazi (wife); or (2) by the use of the terms
inKunzi (male) and inTsikazi (female). These words are used indiscriminately with

G

98'

both animals and birds, governing the particular word qualified in the genitive case
thus, internet yengwe (a bull leopard), intsikazi yejuba (a hen dove).

23. Owe. Roughly speaking —for there is no uniformity of opinion on this point
there are six cases in Zulu:— (1), the nominative; (2), genitive; (3), accusative;
in. locative; (5), vocative; (6), prepositional.

The nominative is that simple form of a noun or pronoun which it assumes
when occurring as subject of a verb.

The gewiive, it' this is to be regarded as a case, is formed in three ways:—
ill, by the use of genitive particles, corresponding to the class of the noun
rerning (and having somewhat of the force of the English of), which are placed
before the noun governed, the two vowels coalescing on conjunction (according to
Each class of nouns has its own proper genitive particle, as under: —

Class

Singular Prefix

Gen.
Part.

Example

Plural Prefix

Gen.
Part.

Example

T

it mil, inn, u

wa

womuntu

aba, o

ba

bomuntu

11

Hi

la

lomuntu

ama

a

omuntu

III

mi, in, i

ya

yomuntu

tzim, xzin, izt

za

zomuntu

IV

ISI

sa

somuntu

IZl

za

zomuntu

V

in/in, inn, u

wa

womuntu

imi

ya

yomuntu

VI

iiln

Iwa

Iwomuntu

izim, izm, xzi

za

zomuntu

Vll

Uli II

ba

bomuntu

none

VIII

uku

Java,

kwomuntu

none

(2), by the use of ka (of) prefixed by the personal pronoun (see § 25) corre-
sponding to the class of the noun governing (unless that pronoun be a single vowel),
and then, all combined, placed before the noun governed. This form of the genitive
is only cm ployed with nouns singular (mostly proper) of the I class, having the
prefix a, which prefix is elided before the genitive particle. Thus, ikasi lika'gwayi
(a leaf of tobacco), inkomo ka'Mafa (the beast of Mafa, Mafa's beast).

Nouns plural of this variety of the I class follow the general rule 1, as above, save
that there is no coalition of vowels. Thus, ukudhla kivawobaba (the food of my
fathers), izidwaba zaivonina (the kilts of the mothers).

< 3 i, by the use of the genitive particle (rule 1, above) in combination with a noun
in the locative case. In this instance there is no coalition of vowels, the particle being
united with the word by a euphonic s (see §8). Thus, umuntu was' eNatala (a person
r from Natal), intlanzi yas'ohvandhle (a fish of the sea).

Tin- accusative case, except in the case of pronouns (see §25) always takes the
same form as the nominative.

Tin- locative case is used to denote the place at, to, or from which anything is

or urs. It is therefore always rendered into English by the use of prepositions.

It is formed : —

(1), by changing the initial vowel of the noun into an e, or, if that vowel be
the n ..f the VI class prefix, into an o; then —

■ by changing the final vowel of the word, if an a or e, into eni; if an i,
infc it an <>, into vjeni; if an u, into wini; and finally —

Bhould the last syllable of the word contain a b, bh, ph, m, mbh, mp, or
'I- the rah § '.) ) for the euphonic change of consonants comes into force, nearly

always, if the final vowel be o, frequently, if it be u; more rarely, if it be any other

: but, in Buch words containing the euphonic change, the final vowel, if an o or
'. frequently becomes merely eni or ini respectively, instead of went and wini as
l>cfore indicated. Thus :

isi-tsha

esi-tsheni

isi-hlobo

esi-hlotsheni

isirfe

esi-feni

in-dhlubu

en-dhlutshini

■ irduli

esi-dulini

isi-gubhu

esi-gujini

isirfo

< i-fweni

isi-bopho

esi-boshweni

a

esiswini

im-puphu

em-pushini

n-li

o-tini

um-lomo

em-lonyeni

in-taba

en-tabeni

in-tambho

en-tanjeni

x-mpompo

e-mpontshweni

— 99* —

The vocative case is formed by simply eliding the initial vowel of the noun.
Thus, 'Mpande! 'nKosi!

The prepositional case is formed by prefixing to the noun one or other <>f the
prepositions na (with), nga (along, by, by means of, on account of), kwa (of), nje-

nga (like, as), etc., the final vowel of tbese latter coalescing with the initial vowel of
the noun according to rule 7. Thus, nomkonto (with an assegai), ngeudhlela (along
the path ), kwamasimu ( of the fields ), njengehashi ( like a horse ).

24. Pronouns. These are of eight kinds: — (1), personal; (2), possessive; (3),
prepositional; (4), emphatic; (5), relative; (6), distinguishing; (7), demonstrative;
( 8 ), indefinite.

25. The personal pronouns are as follows: —

Person

Class

Norn. Ace.

Person

Class

'Nora. Ace.

1st. Pers. Sing.
2nd. „

3rd.

11
11

»

11

I class um-fana

II „

III „

IV „

V „

VI „

VII „

viii,,

i-kanda
im-bnzi
isi-tsha

um-fula
a- bam bo
u-tshwala
uku-dhla

ngi
u

ngi
ku

u

m

li

li

i

y1

si

si

u

wu

hi

lu

bu

bu

ku

ku

1st. Pers.

2nd.

3rd.

Plur

»

I class aba- f ana

II

III

IV

V

VI

ama-kanda

izim-buzi

izi-tsha

imi-fula

izim-bambo

none

none

si

ni

ba

a

zi

zi

i

zi

si

ni

ba

wa

zi

7.\

yi

zi

26. The possessive pronouns (or adjectives) are formed by prefixing the proper
genitive or possessive particle (see §23) corresponding to the object possessed, to the
pronominal particle corresponding to the subject possessing. Thus, the genitive
particle having the force of the English 'of, the pronominal particle has the force
of 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them.' The pronominal particles, along with the genitive
particles which precede them, are shown below : —

Person

Class Gen:

lYoiioin.

Person

Class

Gen.

PronoiB.

part.

part.

part.

pari.

1st. Pers. Sing.

mi

1st. Pers. Plur.

itu

2nd. „

ko

2nd. „

inu

3rd.

I class um-fana

wa

ke

3rd. „

I class aba- f aim

ba

bo

n

II „ i-kanda

la

lo

ii

II „ ama-kanda

a

wo

»

III „ im-buzi

ya

yo

it

III „ ixim-buxi

za

zo

»

IV „ isi-tsha

sa

so

ii

IV „ ixi-tslia

za

zo

»

V „ um-fula

wa

wo

ii

V „ im i-fula

ya

yo

n

VI „ u-bambo

Iwa

lo

ii

VI „ izim-bambo

za

zo

>>

VII „ u-tshwala

ba

bo

ii

none

)i

VIII „ uku-dhla

kwa

ko

ii

none

the vessel (isitsha) of (sa) him (ke), i.e. isitsha
- the water (amanzi) of (a) it (wo), i.e. amanzi

Thus, his (the boy's) vessel
sake. Again, its (the river's) water
awo.

In regard to the particle itu and inu, of the 1st. and 2nd. persons plural, the
rule of coalition ( see § 7 ) comes into force. Thus, wetu, letu, setu, etc.

27. The prepositional pronouns are those used in conjunction with the various
prepositions na (with), ku (to), nga (by), etc., to which they are suffixed. Each
person and class of nouns has a particular particle suitable to itself. Sometimes fuller
emphatic forms are used, as below: —

o«

— 100*

Person

Class

1
Prep. Eraphai

Person

Class

Prep.

EmpliKi.

pan.

pron.

part.

pron.

1st. Pers. Sing.

mi

mina

1st. Pers. Plur.

ti

Una

2nd.

we

wena

2nd. „

m

mna,

3rd.

I class um-fana

ye

yena

3rd. „

I class — aba-fana

bo

bona

II

„ i-kanda

lo

lona

i>

II „ ama-kanda

wo

wona

»

III

„ im-buzi

yo

yona

)>

III „ izim-buzi

zo

zona

>>

IV

„ isi-tsha

so

sona

V

IV „ izi-tsha

zo

zona

}}

V

„ um-fula

wo

worm

>)

V „ imi-fula

yo

yona

VI

„ u-bambo

lo

lona

>>

VI „ izim-bambo

zo

zona

VII

„ u-tshwala

bo

bona

>>

none

it

VIII

„ uku-dhla

ko

leona

»

none

Thus, na-mi (with me), ku-bo (to them), nga-yo (about it — the imbuzi or
goat ).

When ku precedes the particles mi, ti and ni, it nearly always becomes ki.

28. The emphatic pronouns, included in the preceding table, are sometimes used
in apposition to other pronouns (personal, prepositional, etc.) in order to strengthen
their force or to replace them in the accusative, and sometimes independently with a
preposition, or after (seldom before) a verb. Thus: —

ivasho wena, you said so.

tina-ke kasikwazi loko, we know nothing about that.

wanginika yona, he gave me it.

kulete kinii mina, bring it to me myself.

29. The relative pronouns, who, which, that, are formed —

(1), when in the nominative case, by combining (according to § 7) the relative
particle a with the initial vowel of the prefix of the antecedent noun. Thus : —

umu-ntu (a u) omu-bi, the person, who is bad.
isi-tsha (a i) esi-kulu, the vessel, which is large.
u(lu)-ti (a u) olu-de, the stick, that is long.

(2), when in the j)0ssessive case and meaning whose, of tvhich, by the same rule,
save that the relative prefix is now coupled on before the noun expressing the object
Possessed, which noun loses its initial vowel in the process. Thus: —

in-kabi (a i) e ' zimpondo zinkulu, the ox, whose horns are large.
u(ln)-ti (a u) oln'mbala mubi, the stick, whose colour is ugly.

(3), when in the accusative or prepositional case, meaning whom, tvhich, to
whom, about which, etc., the relative is formed by combining (according to § 7)
the particle a with the initial vowel of the prefix of the subject of the relative sentence.
Thus:—

amanzi, umfula (a u) o-wa-yisayo, the water, which the river bears.
intsimu, imbuzi (a i) e-ya kuyo, the field, to which the goat goes.

The personal pronouns of the 1st. and 2nd. persons, with their coalescing prefixes,
should be remembered in this connection. Thus: —

i-ngi ( I ), becoming e-ngi
u (thou), becoming o

i-si (we), becoming e-si
i-ni (you), becoming e-ni.

In the 3rd. person singular, for nouns of the I class, the relative particle re-
mains unchanged and uncombined with any vowel. Thus: —

ihashi, a-li-bonayo, the horse, which he (the boy) sees.

intsimu, ubaba alimayo kuyo, the field, in which my father ploughs.

30. The distinguishing pronouns are based on a combination (according to § 7)
of tin- distinguishing particle la (here) with the prefix of the noun expressing the object
indicated. Thus, la and u=lo; la and ili=^leli; la and i=le, and so on, as follows: —

- ior

Singular

Plural

Prefix This That | That there

Pref.

These

Those

Those there

u

Hi

i

isi

u

ulu
ubu
uku

lo, lona

leli

le, lena

lesi

lo, lona

lolu

lobu

lolcu

lowo

lelo

leyo

leso

loivo

lolo

lobo

loko

lowa-ya, lowd
leli-ya

le-yd

lesi-ya

lowa-ya, lowd

lolu-ya

lobu-ya

loku-ya

aba
am a

izi
izi
imi
izi

laba
la, lawa
lezi
lezi

le, lena
lezi

labo

lawo

lezo

lezo

leyo

lezo

laba-ya
lawa-ya

lezi-ya
lezi-ya
le-ya
lezi-ya

These pronouns are generally prefixed to their nouns, though sometimes follow-
ing; but in the former case the noun, by elision, loses its initial vowel. Thus, lo'mfa-
na, lezizinkomo, le-yd miti, isitsha leso.

31. The demonstrative pronouns are peculiar to the Zulu language, and are as
follows : —

Singular

Plural

Prefix

Here it
is

There it
is

There it is
over there

Pref.

Here they
are

There they
are

There they are
over there

u

Hi

i

isi

u

ulu

ubu

uku

nangu

nanti

nantsi

nasi

nanku

nantti

nampu

naku

nango

nanto

nantso

naso

nanko

nanto

nanipo

nako

nangu-ya

nanti-ya

nantsi-ya

nasi-ya

nanku-ya

nantu-ya

nampu-ya

naku-ya

aba
am a

izi
izi
imi
izi

nampa

nanka

nazi

nazi

nantsi

nazi

nanipo

nanko

nazo

nazo

nantso

nazo

nampa-ya

nanka-ya

nazi-ya

nazi-ya

nantsi-ya

nazi-ya

These pronouns are generally prefixed to the noun referred to, which may lose
its prefix by elision. More rarely they stand alone. Thus: —

nang'umfana omuhle, here is a fine boy.
nant'ihashi lomlungu, here is the whiteman's horse.
tata nantsi, take this here one.
nampa-ya, there they are over there.

32. By indefinite pronouns we mean such as the following : —

all, every, formed by prefixing the particular genitive particle (see § 23) to
the word onke, the vowels coalescing by rule § 7. Thus, bonkc, yonke, sonke, etc.

only, alone, formed in the same way, but with the word odiva. Thus, lodwa,
yodwa, sodiua, etc. The forms for the different persons, however, are somewhat
irregular, and are as follows : — - ngedwa (I alone); wedwa (thou alone); yedwa (he
alone); sodwa (we alone); nodwa (you alone); bodwa (they alone).

another, formed by placing the suitable relative prefix (see § 2!)) before the
word nye. Thus, omu-nye, eli-?iye, esi-nye, ama-nye, etc.

Other examples will be found in the grammar.

33. Adjectives. There are very few true adjectives in Zulu. The following'
however, are some of them:— bi (bad), hie (beautiful), de (long), fushane (short),
kulu (large), ncane (small).

Some are now practically pure adjectives, though originally derived from nouns
now obsolete, e. g, mnyama (black), mnandi (nice), mpom (poor), nzima (heavy ).

Others are adapted from nouns still in use, e. g. lukuni (hard, fr. u-kuni),
luhlaza (green, fr. u-hlaza), manzi (wet, fr. ama-nzi).

Others again are formed by the verb to have — that is, the relative pronoun
together with the particle na (with) and a noun. Thus, umuntu o-nolaka (a person
who has anger i. e. an angry person ) .

S

102*

Many are formed by the relative pronoun with an ordinary verb. Thus, umfana
ogulayo (a boy who is ill i. e. a sick boy).

Finally, a few are formed by means of the possessive case, in the sense of 'for,'
'of,' etc. Thus, umuntu wokudakwa (a drunken person), imisebenzi yolwandhle
(marine affairs).

34. Adjectives may take the form of a predicate or of an epithet. When as a pre-
d irate, the rule is simply to prefix to it the personal pronoun corresponding to the
noun. Thus : —

um-fana u(m)-kulu

i-hashi li-bomvu
in-dhlu i-banzi
isi-tsha si-mhlopc

um-konto u(m) -ncane
u-ti ln-de
u-tshwala bu-ningi
uku-dhla ku-mnandi

When the adjective is used as an epithet, the rule is to place before it the rela-
tive prefix (see § 29) suitable to the noun qualified. Thus:—

um-fana o(m)-kulu
i-hashi eli-bomvu
in-dhlu e-banzi

um-konto o(m)-ncane
u-ti olu-de
u-tshwala obu-ningi
uku-dhla oku-mnandi.

isi-tsha esi-mhlope

It will be observed that adjectives used as an epithet always follow the noun
in Zulu.

There are several exceptions to the above rules which will be found duly ex-
plained in the grammar.

35. Adjectives very frequently take the diminutive and other suffixes mentioned
under § 20.

36. The comparative degree of adjectives is mostly formed by prefixing the particle
kuna (than) or simply ku to the noun compared with, rule 7 for the coalition of vowels
being adhered to when necessary. Thus, ihashi likulu kunembongolo (a horse is
larger than an ass), kuncane kunaloku (it is smaller than this).

Or the verb dhlula (surpass) is used. Thus, ihashi liyadhlula imbongolo
ngobukulu (a horse surpasses an ass in size).

37. The superlative ( seldom used ) is expressed by the use of certain auxiliary
words, as kakulu (greatly), onke (all), etc. Thus, lenkabi inkulu kunazo zonke
(this ox is bigger than all L e. is the biggest).

38. The numeral adjectives take the different prefixes, according to the class of
the noun qualified and according as they are used predicatively or epithetically (see
§ 34), just as the ordinary adjectives. The numeral roots, to which these pre-
fixes are affixed, are as follows, one of the prefixes being shown as a specimen: —

i-nye nine zi-y'isishiyangalolunye

zi-mbili ten zi-l'ishumi

zi-ntatu eleven zi-l'shumi na-nye

zi-ne twelve zi-l'ishumi na-mbili

one

two

three

four

five

six

seven

eight

nine

ten

eleven

twelve

twenty

thirty

a hundred

zi-ng ' amashumi amabili
zi-ng ' amashtimi amatatu
zi-l'iktdu

zi-ntlanu

zi-y'isitupa

zi-y ' isikombisa

zi-y ' isishiyang alombili

39. The ordinal adjectives, seldom used above ten, are formed of nouns derived
from the above roots and used with the genitive particle of the noun qualified, ac-
cording t<> rule § 23. Thus:—

a thousand zi-y'inkulungwane

first

into

yokuqala

tenth into yeshumi

second

>>

yesibili

eleventh „ yeshumi na-nye

third

yy

yesitata

twentieth „ y amashumi amabili

fourth

))

yesine

twenty-second „ y amashumi amabili

fifth

>)

yesihlanu

na-mbili

sixth

>>

yesitupa

hundredth „ yekulu

seventh

>)

yesikombisa

hundred and tenth „ yekulu neshumi

eighth

»>

yesishiyanga

lovnbili

thousandth ,, yenkulungwane

ninth

1>

yesishiyanga

lolunye

— 103* -

40. Verba. These are formed from a simple root, which is that appearing in the
infinitive mood, after the nominal prefix uku (to) has been removed. Thus: — (uku)-
tanda, (to) love; (uku)-hamba, (to) go.

Practically all verbs in Zulu end with an a.

41. There are several kinds of derivative verbs i.e. secondary forms constructed
out of the primitive root by some modification or change thereof. They are of at least
25 different kinds, as follows: —

(1), objective verbs, formed by changing the final a of the primitive root into
ela, and signifying for, to, on behalf of, against, etc. Thus, tand-ela, love for;
hamb-ela, go on behalf of.

(2), causative verbs, formed by changing the said a into isa. Thus, tand-isa,
cause, make, or help to love.

(3), reciprocal verbs, formed by changing the said a into ana. Thus, tand-
ana, love one another.

(4), static-passive or neuter-passive verbs, formed by changing the said a into
eka or akala, and signifying a continuous condition of the passive state, most conven-
iently expressed in English by the word get. Thus, tand-eka, get loved, be fit to
be loved, be capable of being loved, be lovable; bon-akala, get seen, be visible, appeal'.
(5), reflective verbs, formed by the insertion of the reflective particle zi (self)
before the root ( primitive or secondary ) of any verb. Thus, zi-tanda, love oneself.

(6), reduplicated verbs, formed by repeating the primitive root, and signifying
a diminution of the action, as limalima, plough in a slight degree, sebesebenza, do
a little work; or a frequentation thereof, as sikasika, cut away at, hambahamba, go
about or here and there.

Then, again, there are complex derivative verbs, formed by combining two or
more of the preceding simple forms along with their respective meanings. Thus we
have the: —

~f. (7), objective-causative form, as tand-elisa, make wind round on i. e. twist
around; ak-elisa, cause to build for.

4,(8), objective-reciprocal form, as hamb-elana, go to or for each other i. e. mu-
tually visit.

^ (9), objective-static form, as tand-eleka, get wound round on.
^(10), reflective-objective form, as zi-bon-ela, see for oneself.

^(11), redup Heated-objective form, as hamb-elela, go to for i.e. visit for; inten-
sifiea-'objective form, as bamb-elela, hold fast to.

.^(12), redup Heated-causative form, signifying an increased energy of action in
the primitive (not causal) sense, as tand-isisa, love ardently; buz-isisa, enquire
diligently ; or a double causative sense, as fundisisa, cause to cause to learn i. e. cause
to teach.

j. (13), causative-objective form, as ak-isela, cause to build for; bon-isela, help see
for i. e. look after for.

•^ (14), causative-reciprocal form, as bon-isana, cause each other to see i. e. show
each other; lim-isana, cause each other to plough i.e. help each other ploughing.

>£. (15), causative-static form, as bon-iseka, get caused to be seen, get shown, be
showable.

^ (16), reflective-causative form, as zi-bonisa, cause oneself to see.

(17), reciprocal-objective form, as pamb-anela, go across for i.e. cross one
another at.

«J[(18), reciprocal-causative form, as pamb-anisa, cause to cross each other, put
at cross purposes or cross each other.

f(19), reciprocal-static form, as pamb-aneka, get to cross each other or be at
purposes.
s£ (20), static-objective form, as hlup-ekela, get worried for.

(21), static- causative form, as hlup-ekisa, cause to get worried; bon-akalisa, cause
to get seen i. e. display.

^(22), reflective-static-causative form, as zi-bon-akalisa, display oneself.
y.(23), reciprocal-causative-objective form, as pamb-anisela, cause to be at cross
purposes or crosswise for.

^(24), objective-causative-objective form, as f-elisela, cause a person to be died
for, as Shaka did the widows whose husbands he killed.

^(25), reciprocal-causative-objective-reciprocal form, as pamb-aniselana, cause to
lie across for one another i. e. strike cross blows at one another.

— 104*

42. The conjugation of verbs of all kinds is as follows:

Infinitive mood.

uku-geza, to wash

Indicative mood.

Present tense.

1st.

pers. sing

. ngi-geza,

I wash

1st.

pers. plur.

si-geza,

we wash

2nd

n n

u-geza,

thou washest

2nd.

n ii

ni-geza,

you wash

3rd.

„ I class

u-geza,

he, she,

it, washes

3rd.

„ I class

b a-geza,

they wash

„ II „

U-geza,

»

»

ii II „

a-geza,

ii ii

„ HI „

i-geza,

»

n

„ HI „

si-geza,

ii ii

„ iv ..

si-geza,

ii

ii

„ iv „

zi-geza.

ii ii

v

u-geza,

ii

ii

v

>i y ii

i-geza,

ii D

» VI „

lu-geza,

ii

ii

,i VI „

zi-geza,

ir ii

.. vii„

b u-geza,

ii

ii

.. VIII

kugeza,

ii

ii

Present progressive, I am washing.
„ emphatic, I do wash.

Sing.

ngt-y a-geza.

u-ya-geza.

u-ya-geza, li-ya-geza, etc.

Present perfect, I have washed.

Sing', ngi-gezile.

u-gezile.

u-gezile, U-gezile, etc.
Plur. si-gezile.

ni-gezile.

ba-gezile, a-gezile, etc.

Plur. si-ya-geza.
ni-ya-geza.
ba-ya-geza, a-y a-geza, etc.

Present perfect progressive. I have been
washing.

Sing, hade ngi-geza.

hade u-geza.

kade e-geza, kade U-geza, etc.
Plur. kade si-geza.

kade ni-geza.

kade be-geza, kade e-geza, etc.

Sing.

Past,
Sing.

Plur.

Sine.

Static perfect, I have washed —-- I am washing {Mate).

Plur. si-gezile or geze,
ni-gezile or geze
ba-gezile or geze, a-gezile, etc.

Past progressive, (1) I was washing (lately).

Sing, bengi-geza.

ub'tt-geza.

ub'e-geza, beli-geza, etc.
Plur. besi-geza.

beni-geza.

bebe-geza, ab' e-geza, etc.

ngi-gezile or geze

u-gezile or geze.

u-gezile or geze, li-gezile, etc.

I washed.

ng a-geza.

wa-geza

wa-geza, la-geza, etc.

sa-geza,

na-geza,

hn-geza, a-geza, etc.

ngangi-geza

wawu-geza.

way e-geza, lali-geza, etc

Past progressive, (2) I was washing {long ago).

Plur. sasi-geza.
nani-geza.
babe-geza, ab'e-geza, etc.

Past perfect, I had washed.

•:ll'J.

Plur

bengi-gezile ; ngangigezile.
a h ii -g ezile; wa w u-gezile.
uh e-gezile; waye-g ezile;
1 1 1- li-gezile; lali-gezile.
i-gezile ; sasi-g ezile.
ben i-ijc-.ilc; nani-g ezile.
bebe-gez He; babe-gezile; ab' e-gezile.

Past perfect progressive, (1) I had been
washing {lately).

Sing, hengi-kade ngi-geza.
ub'u-kade u-geza.
ub'e-kade e-geza, beli-kade U-geza.

Plur. besi-kade si-geza.
beni-kade ni-geza.
bebe-kade be-geza, ab'e-kade e-geza.

- 105*

Past perfect progressive, (2) I had been washing (long ago).

Sing, ngangi'kade ngi-geza.
wawu-kade u-geza.
waye-kade e-geza, lali-kade U-geza.

Future, I shall wash.

Sing, ngi-yaku-geza (ngi-yawu-geza, or
ngo-geza),
u-yaku-geza (u-yawu-geza, or wo-

geza),
u-yaku-geza (u-yawu-geza, or wo-
geza), U-yaku-geza, etc.
Plur. si-yaku-geza (si-yawu-geza, or so-
geza),
ni-yaku-geza (ni-yawu-geza, or no-

geza),
ba-yaku-geza (ba-yawu-geza or bo-
geza), a-yaku-geza (ov wo-geza), etc.

Future perfect, I shall have washed.

Sing, ngo-ba ngi-gezile, wo-ba u-gezile,
wo-ba e-gezile, lo-ba U-gezile, etc.

Plur. so-ba si-gezile, no-ba ni-gezile,

bo-ba be-gezile, wo-ba e-gezile, etc.

Plur. sasi-kade si-geza.
nani-kade ni-geza.
babe-kade be-geza, ab'e-kade e-geza.

Future progressive, 1 shall lie washing.
Sing, ngo-ba ngi-geza.

wo-ba u-geza.

wo-ba e-geza, lo-ba U-geza etc.

Plur. no-ba si-geza.

no-ba ni-geza.

bo-ba be-geza, wo-ba e-geza, etc.

Future perf. prog.* I shall have boon wash-
ing.
Sing, ngo-ba ngi-be ngi-geza, etc.

Plur. so-ba si-be si-geza, etc.

Conditional mood.

Present, I should, or would, wash (if).

Sing, beng i-yaku-geza; ngi-nga-geza; nga-

ngi-geza.
ub1 u-yaku-geza; u-nga-geza; nga-

ivu-geza.
ub'e-yaku-geza; a-nga-geza; nga-

ye-geza etc.
Plur. besi-yaku-geza; si-nga-geza; nga-si-

geza.
beni-yaku-geza; ni-nga-geza; nga-

ni-geza.
bebe-yaku-geza; ba-nga-geza; nga-

be-geza, etc.

Perfect, I should, or would, have washed (if).

Sing, nga-ngi-gezile; ngangi-yaku-geza.
nga-w u-gezile; wawu-yaku-geza.
nga-y e-gezile; waye-yaku-geza, etc.

Plur. nga-si-gezile; sasi-yaku-geza.
nga-ni-gezile; nani-yaku-geza.
nga-be-gezile; babe-yaku-geza, etc.

Present prog. I should, or would, be wash-
ing.

Sing, bengi-yaku-ba ngi-geza; ngi-nga-ba
ngi-geza; nga-ytgi-be ngi-geza.
ub'u-yaku-ba u-geza; u-nga-ba u-

geza; nga-wu-be u-geza.
ub'e-yakti-ba e-geza; a-nga-ba e-
.geza; nga-ye-be e-geza, etc.
Plur. besi-yaku-ba si-geza; si-nga-ba si-
geza; nga-si-be si-geza.
beni-yakii-ba ni-geza; ni-nga-ba ni-
geza; nga-ni-be ni-geza.
bebe-yaku-ba be-geza; ba-nga-ba be-
geza; nga-be-be be-geza, etc.

Perfect prog. I should, or would, have
been washing.

Sing, bengi-yaku-ba (ngangi-yaku-ba, or
nga-nga-ba) ngi-gezile.
ub'u-yaku-ba (wawu-yaku-ba, or

nga-wa-ba) u-gezile.
ub'e-yaku-ba (waye-yaku-ba, or
nga-wa-ba) e-gezile, etc.
Plur. besi-yaku-ba (sasi-yaku-ba, or nga-
sa-ba) si-gezile.
beni-yaku-ba (nani-yaku-ba, or nga-

na-ba) ni-gezile.
bebe-yaku-ba (babe-yaku-ba, or nga-
ba-ba) be-gezile, etc.

* This tense is never used in Zulu speech and would he scarcely intelligible; in case of
necessity, the unchanged Future perfect, or forms with adverbs as s'aiirf, qeda, etc., would pro-
bably be used. The Zulu given above is merely a reproduction of the English thought.

106* -

Potential mood.

Present, I may ( can, might, or could ) wash. Present prog.* I may, etc., be washing.

Sing.

Plur

ngi-nga-geza.
tt-nga-geza.

a-nga-geza, etc.
si-nga-geza.

n i-nga-geza.
ba-nga-geza.

Perfect or Past, I might, etc., have washed.

Sing, bengi-nga-geza (lately),

ngangi-nga-geza (long ago);
ub'u-nga-geza,

irmeu-iK/a-geza;
ub e-nga-geza,

ir ay e-nga-geza, etc.

Plur. besi-nga-geza,

sasi-nga-geza ;
beiii- a ga-geza,

nani-nga-geza;
bebe-7iga-gez<i,

babe-nga-geza, etc.

Sing, ngi-nga-ba ngi-geza.

u-nga-ba u-geza.

a-nga-ba e-geza, etc.
Plur. si-nga-ba si-geza.

ni-nga-ba ni-geza*

ba-nga-ba be-geza, etc.

Perfect or Past prog.* I might, etc., have
been washing.

Sing, bengi-nga-ba ngi-geza (lately),
ngangi-nga-ba ngi-geza;

Plur.

vngi-'/igu-ua nyi-yt,

ngangi-nga-ba ng
ub'u-nga-ba u-geza,

wawu-7iga-ba u-geza;
ub'e-nga-ba e-geza,

ivaye-nga-ba e-geza,

besi-nga-ba si-geza,
sasi-nga-ba si-geza;

beni-nga-ba ni-geza,
nani-nga-ba ni-geza;

bebe-nga-ba be-geza,
babe-nga-ba be-geza,

etc.

etc.

Optative mood.

Present, I ought to, should, must, wash.

Sing, nga-ngi-geza.

nga-ivu-geza.

nga-ye-geza, etc.
Plur. nga-si-geza.

nga-ni-geza.

nga-be-geza, etc.

Perfect, I ought to, etc., have washed.

Sing, nga-ngi-be ngi-gezile (lately); nga-

nga-ba ngi-gezile (long ago).
nga-wu-be u-gezile; nga-iva-ba u-

gezile.
nga-ye-be e-gezile; nga-wa-ba e-ge-

zile, etc.
Plur. nga-si-be si-gezile; nga-sa-ba si-ge-

zile.
nga-ni-be ni-gezile; nga-na-ba ni-

gezile.
nga-be-be be-gezile; nga-ba-be be-

gezile, etc.

Present prog. I ought to, should, must, be

washing.
Sing, nga-ngi-ba ngi-geza.

nga-wu-ba u-geza.

nga-ye-ba e-geza, etc.
Plur. nga-si-ba si-geza.

nga-ni-ba ni-geza.

nga-be-ba be-geza, etc.

Perfect prog. * I ought to, etc., have been
washing.

same as Perfect.

Past,

I ought to,

Sing, ng a-nga-geza.
nga-wa-geza.
nga-ioa-geza, etc.

etc., have washed.

Plur. nga-sa-geza
nga-na-geza
nga-ba-geza, nga-wa-geza, etc.

This tense, of which the literal translation of the English i.s given, is perhaps never
naed in actual Zulu speech.

107*

Subjunctive mood

Present, (that) I may wash; (if) I wash.

Sim

(ukuba) ngi-geze; (uma) ngi-geza.
(ukuba) u-geze; (uma) u-geza.
(ukuba) a-geze; (uma) e-geza, etc.

Plur. (ukuba) si-geze; (uma) si-geza.

(ukuba) ni-geze; (uma) ni-geza.

(ukuba) ba-geze; (uma) be-geza, etc.

Perfect, (that) I may have washed; (if)
I have washed.

Sing, (ukuba) ngi-be ngi-gezile; (uma)
ngi-gezile.

Plur. (ukuba) ba-be be-gezile; (uma) be-
gezile.

Past, (that) I might wash; (if) I washed.
Sing, (ukuba) ngi-geze; (uma) nga-geza.
Plur. (ukuba) ba-geze; (uma) ba-geza.

Past perfect, (that) I might have washed;

(if) I had washed.
Sing, (ukuba) ngi-be ngi-gezile; (uma)

bengi-gezile (lately) ; ngangi-gezile

(long ago).
Plur. (ukuba) ba-be be-gezile; (uma) bebe-

gezile ( lately ) ; babe-gezile (long ago).

Future, (that) I shall wash; (if) I shall

wash.
Sing, (ukuba) ngi-geze; (uma) ngi-yaku-

geza.

Future perfect, (that) I shall have washed;

(if) I shall have washed.
Sing, (ukuba) ngi-be ngi-gezile; (uma)

ngo-ba ngi-gezile.

Present prog, (that) I may he washing;
(if) I be washing.

Sing, (ukuba) ngi-be ngi-geza ; (uma) ngi-
ba ngi-geza.

(ukuba) u-be u-geza; (uma) u-ba u-geza.

(ukuba) abe e-geza; (uma) e-ba e-geza, etc.

Plur. (ukuba) si-be si-geza; (uma) siba
si-geza.

(ukuba) ni-be ni-geza; (uma) ni-ba ni-geza.

(ukuba) ba-be be-geza; (uma) be-ba be-
geza, etc.

Perfect prog, (that) I may have been
washing; (if) I have been washing.

Same as Perfect.

Past prog, (that) I might be washing; (if)

I were washing.
Sing, (ukuba) ngi-be ngi-geza; (uma) nga-

ba ngi-geza.
Plur. (ukuba) ba-be be-geza; (uma) ba-be

be-geza.

Past pert. prog, (that) I might have been
washing; (if) I had been washing.

same as Past perfect.

Future prog, (that) I shall be washing;

(if) I shall be washing.
Sing, (ukuba) ngi-be ngi-geza; (uma) ngi-
yaku-ba ngi-geza.

Future perf. prog, (that) I shall have been
washing; (if) I shall have been washing.

same as Future perfect.

Imperative mood.

wash, geza; wash ye, gezani.

Forms used

let me wash! may I wash! etc.

Sing, a-ngi-geze; ma-ngi-geze.
a-wu-geze ; ma-wu-geze.
a-ka-geze, ka-geze, a-geze; ma-geze;

a-li-geze, etc.
a-si-geze; ma-si-geze.
a-ni-geze; ma-ni-geze.
a-bu-geze, a-wa-geze; ma-ba-geze,

ma-iva-geze, etc.

Plur,

as imperative.

I shall, must, ought to wash, etc.

Sing, a-ngi-bo-geza; a-ngo-geza.
a-bo-geza; a-wo-geza.
a-ka-bo-geza, ka-bo-geza; a-ko-geza,
ko-geza; a-li-bo-geza, a-lo-geza, etc.
Plur. a-si-bo-geza; a-so-geza.
a-ni-bo-geza; a-no-geza.
a-ba-bo-geza, a-bo-geza; a-ka-bo-ge-
za, a -w a-bo-geza, a-bo-geza, a-ko-
geza, a-wo-geza, etc.

- 108*

Participles.

Present, I washing.

Perfect, I having washed.

Sing, ngi-geza

Sing, ngi-gezile.

u-geza

u-gezile.

e-geza, li-geza, etc.

e-gezile, li-gezile, etc.

riur. si-geza

Plur. si-gezile.

ni-geza

ni-gezile.

be-geza, e-geza, etc

be-gezile, e-gezile, etc.

42. Passive Voire.

This

is formed

oy simply inserting a iv before

the final
vowel of the root in the active voice, thus, tanda (I love), tandwa (I am loved). In
the perfect tense, the I of the active voice falls away in the passive, thus, tandile
(have loved), tandiwe (have been loved).

43. Verb ukuti. This verb is peculiar to the Zulu and other Bantu languages,
and cannot be exactly compared with anything in English. Its uses are very extensive ;
but mostly it is used in connection with some verbal particle, often onomatopoetic,
of which several hundred examples will be found in the body of this work. The
verb H itself is conjugated in the regular manner, the particular particle being simply
placed after it and standing independently, as below: —

akukati nya, it is not yet completely finished.

umuti ute twi, the tree stands perfectly straight.

ibantshi libomvu lite tsebu, the coat is bright red.

ishungu sengaliti geqe, I have already cleared out my snuff-box.

ngamuzwa engiti qiki, I felt him giving me a nudge.

kabonanga eti nka, he didn't say a word.

44. Adverbs. True adverbs, like adjectives, are few in Zulu. Their place is
supplied mainly by the use: —

(1), of adjectives, with the particle ka prefixed. Thus: —

ka-hle, nicely, well ; ka-mnandi, sweetly ; ka-kulu, greatly.

(2), of nouns and verbs, with the particle nga prefixed, the two vowels coalesc-
ing. Thus: —

ngamandhla, forcibly; ngejubane, swiftly; ngokuhlakanipa, wisely; ngo-
kushesha, quickly.

(3), of adjectives, nouns and verbs in the relative impersonal form, with the
particle nga prefixed. Thus: —

ngokusha, newly; ngokwabelungu, in the whiteman's way; ngokusabekayo,
frightfully.

4"). The numeral adverbs are formed by prefixing ka to the cardinal roots (see
S 38). Thus — ka-nye, once; ka-tatu, thrice; kay'isitupa, six times; ka-l'ishumi, ten

times.

ABBREVIATIONS

(a) Foreign Languages to which Reference is made

Abipones (in Paraguay).

Adam . . Adamawa (Sudan, basin of I'ppcr Binue).

Ak . . . Akka (pygmies, S. of Mainbetu, Long. 28 E.;

Lat 3 N.).
Amb . . Aiubwela i inland of Bengwela, Portuguese

West Africa, Long. 18 E.; Lat. 15 S.).
Ang . . . Angola -Mbunda or Bunda (Portuguese West

Africa, Long, lo E.; Lat. 10 S.).
Ar . . . Arabic (of Egypt).
Arawak . (South America).
A. 8. . . Anglo-Saxon.

At . . . Atakpame (Togo, German Guinea Coast).
Ar . . . A vesta (ancient lang. ot Persia).

Ba . . . Bamba (dial, of Nywema, about Nyangwe,

Upper Congo;.
Ba</ . . . Baghirnii or Bagriuia (S. E. of Lake Tshad

and E. of Shari R.).
Bar . . . Bari (S. of Dinka, on Upper Nile, Long. 32

E.; Lat. 5 N.).
Be . . . Bemba (N. of Lake Bangweolo).
Ben . . . Bena (S. W. of Hehe and S. E. of Saugo).
Bi . . . Bibe (inland of Bengwela, Portuguese West

Africa, about sources of Kuanza R.).
Bit . . . Bisa (S. E. of Lake Bangweolo).
Bo . . . Bondei (German East Africa, coast opposite

Pern ba).
Bon . . Bongo (bet. Dinka and Nvainnyam in Sudan,

Long. 27 E.; Lat, 8 N.).
Bor . . . Bornu (Sudan, S. W. of Lake Tshad).
Bu . . . Buuga (N.E. of Lake Nyasa, S. of Hebe and

E. of Bena).
Bug . . . Bugis (Malay Archipelago).
Bid . . . Bullom (on coast of Sierra Leone).
Bun . . Bunda = Angola.
Bush . . Bushman or San (Western Kalahari, South

Africa).
Bwa . . Bwari (on Lake Tanganika).

Cam . . Cameroons = Dualla.

Celt . . . Celtic

Chat . . Chaldean

Chil . . Chilwa or Kilwa (Germ. E. Africa, S. of
Lufiji R.).

Chin . . Chinese

Chw . . Chwana (Transvaal and Bechwaualand)

Com . . Comoro Islands (N. of Madagascar). See Hinz.

Cong . . Congo (about Lower Congo R. and San Sal-
vador) = Fiote.

Corn . . Cornish.

Oym . . Cymric (Welsh).

D . . . Dutch (South-African).

Da . . . -Dahomey (Guinea Coast).

Di . . . Dinka (S.E. Sudan, Long. 30 E. and Lat.
8 N.).

Dtp . . Dippil (Australia).

Du . . , Dualla (about the Cameroons, opposite Fer-
nando Po).

Bun

Ef .

En,j

Esk

Ee .

F .

Fan

Fe .

Fi .

Fiote

Fu .

Ga . . .

Gab.

Hal .

Gall

Galla

Hun

Ger .

Gi .

Go .

Goth

Gr .

Gu .

Ha .

Haytia>

, .

Ileb .

Heh .

Her .

Hi .

Hinx

Hot .

Hu .

•

I . .

Ibo . .

Ic .

It .

Hum

Ka .

Kag .

Kal . .

Kam

Kumli

Kamil .

Kar . .

Ke . .

Khu .

Kilwa ■

Ko . .

.

Dunda — see Ndunda

Efik ion Lower Cross R., Old Calabar).

English.

Eskimo.

Evhe or Ewe (in Togo, German (iuinea Coait i.

French.

Fan or Mpangwe (S.E. of Cameroons, Long.

12 E. and Lat. 2N.i
Fernandian or Ediya (Fernando Po Inland).
Fiji Islands.
= Congo.
Fulah (scattered through Central and Weil

Sudan).

Ganda (N. of Victoria Nyanza).

Gaboon or Pongwe I Lung. 10 E. ; Lai. 0 I.

Galaganza (in Nyainweziland, \V. of Ha and

S. of Huma j.
Gallic.

( S. of Abysinuia).

(iaugi (S. of Ruaha R., bet Bunga and Ilenge).
German.
Gindo (S. of Rufiji R., bet. Gangi and coast

tribes).
Gogo (N. of Hehe and S. of Rangi).
Gothic.
Greek.
Guha (Central Tanganika. W. shore).

Hausa (Central Sudan, Last of Niger).

Hayti (West Indies).

Hebrew.

Hehe (on basin of Upper Ruaha 1! . N.E. of
Sango and S. of Gogo).

Herero (German West Africa).

Hindustani.

Hinzua (one of Comoro Islands >.

Hottentot.

Humba (Masai tribe bet. Sagara and Kilima-
njaro ) .

Irish.

(N. and N.E. of delta of Niger R.).

Iceland.

Italian.

Itumba (dial, of Sagara).

Karanga or Kalanga l Rhodesia >.

Kaguru (dial, of Sagara).

Kalaka = Karanga.

Kami i bet, Khutu and Zeguha).

Kamba ( bet. Masai and Pokomo R.

Kamilaroi i Australia).

Karagwe (W. of Victoria Nyanza).

Cele i N. of Lower Ogowe R., about Bembu

tributary ).
Khutu (bet. Kami and Middle Lufiji R.).

Chilwa.
Konde (N. of Kua, on Lower Rovuma R.).

110* -

Kon . . . Kondwa or Solwe (dial, of Sagara).

K<i . . . Kua (province .>f Mozambique, Portuguese

East Africa).

Kua . . . Kusu i dial, of Nywema, \V. of Tanganika |.

Kir.i . Kwango (trib. of Congo on S. side).

Kicafi . . (N. of Masai |.

A'i/v . . Kwenyi (dial, of Sagara).

I ■ . . . Latin.
/..''. . . Lower Congo Congo.

/.■' . . Lima (dial, of Swahili, of coast opposite Zan-
zibar ).

. . Lithuanian.
/.. .1/ Lake Macquarie (Australia).

/.. Nig . . Lover Niger.
/." . Lomwe (dial, of Kua).

. . Logone (S. E. of Lake Tshad and W. of
Shari R.).
L>i . . . Lnnda (Central Africa, inland of Angola).
Lur . . (W and X. W. of Albert Nyanza).

.'/'( . . Masai (midway bet. Zanzibar and Victoria

Nyanza).
Maf . . Mafor or Konjara (in Dar-Fur, Sudan).
Mai . . Malay.

Malagasy (Madagascar).
Mamb . . Marabetu or Monbuttu (Long. 28 E.; Lat.

:■;'/, N.).
'/ "( . . Mande or Mandengo (N. W. of Liberia and

E. of sources of Niger).
Mao . . Maori.
'/' / . . Mbunda = Angola
Mid. Nig. Middle Niger B.
Mb . . Mozambique (dial, of Kua).

Mob . . Mobba or Maba (in Wadai, .Sudan. Long. 21

E.; Lat. 14 N.).
Won . . Monfu or Momvu (S. E. of Marabetu).
M»r . . Morn (W. of Ban, Long. 30 E.; Lat. 5 N.).

Mpongwe or Pongwe (about mouth of Gaboon).
Msim . . Msambiji — Mozambique.

Na . . Nano (in Bengwela, Portuguese West Africa).

Ndo . . Xdonga (in Ovamboland, German West, Africa).

. . Ndunda (N. of Kuaha R., bet. Hehe and

Sagara i.
. . Ngoni (N. W. of Lake Nyasa).

. Xguru (bet. Shambala and Sagaraland).
NJfW . . Xgwila (N. E. of Sango, in bet. the Hehe).
-V' . . . Xika (E. of Mashonaland, in Portuguese E.

Africa).
Sy . . . Xyanye.

Nya . . Xyamwezi (bet. Tanganika and Masailand).
Nyal Xya-Lungwa (bet. Tanganika and Lake Mwero).

Nyam . . Xvanmvam or Sande iX. \V. of Mambetu,

Long. 26—28 E.; Lat. 4V2— «Va N).
Nyamb . Nya-Mbu <W. of Victoria Nyanza, N. of

Huma).
Nyanye . Nyanyembe (in Nyamweziland).
Nyas . . Nyasa or Nganga (S. W. and E. of Lake

Nyasa i.
Nyai . . Xya-Tiiru I W. of Masai and S. E. of Siikuma).

Xyengo.
Nyo . . Nyoro (bet. Victoria and Albert Nyanzas, N.

W. of Ganda).
NyvBt . . Xywema (S. of Regga, bet. Upper Congo and

Tanganika).

OB
OHG

P .
I'rrs
Po .

Ra

Reg

Ro .
Ru .

Sa .
Sag
Sak
San

Sen
Shu

Slw .
Sin .
Skr .

Son .

SP .
Su .
Suk

Sinn
Stis .

Sw .
Swe

Ta .

Tar .

Tas .
Tat .
Tc .
Teb .
Ted .
Tu .

Tur
U .
V .
Wan

Wir
Wol

Xo .

Ya .
Van
Ye .
Yen

Z .

Za .

Ze .

Zl .

Old Bulgarian.
Old High German.

Portuguese.
Persian.

Pokomo (along the Tana R

X. of Mombasa).

Rangi (bet. Masai and Gogo).

Regga (N. of Nywema, Get. Congo and Lutu

Nzige),
Rotse (on Upper Zambezi, above junction with

Kuanda).
Rua ion Upper Congo, W. of Tanganika).

Sande = Nyamnyam.

Sagara (bet. Masai and Ruaba R.).

Sakalava (W. coast of Madagascar).

Sango or Rori (N. of Lake Nyasa, W. of Bena

and Hehe).
Sena (on Lower Zambezi).
Shambala (German E. Africa, bet. Bondei and

Nguru).
Shona or Swina (Mashonaland).
Singhalese (Ceylon ).
Sanskrit.
Sonrhai or Surhai (within the bend of Middle

Niger).
Spanish.

Suto i Basutoland i
Sukuma (8. of Victoria Nyanza, N.E. of Nya-

mwezi ).
Sumbwa ( S. W. of Sukuma, in Nyamweziland).
Susu (E. of Liberia, Long. 13 E. ; Lat. 10 N.).
Swahili ( Zanzibar and African coast opposite).
Swedish.

Taita or Teita (midway bet. Mombasa and

Kilimanjaro).
Tartar.
Tasmanian.
Taturu == Nya-Turu.

Tete (Lower Zambezi, N. E. of Rhodesia).
Tebele (Matebeleland).
Teda or Tibbu (Southern Fezzan).
Tusi (S. E. of Victoria Nyanza and through

Nyamweziland).
Turrubul (Australia).

Ungu (bet. Fipa and Sango).

Vei (coast of Liberia, N. W. of Monrovia).

Wandala or Mandara (N. of Nyamnyam, Long.

26 E.; Lat. 9 N.).
Wiradurei (Australia).
Wolof (S. of mouth of Senegal R.).

Xosa (Cape Colony).

Yao (lower eastern side of Lake Nyasa i.
Yansi (Lower Congo, W. of Leopold Lake).
Yeye (N. of Lake Ngami).
Yenesei (Siberia).

Zulu (Zululand and Natal).
Zararuo iS. W. of Bagamoyo, Germ. E. Africa).
Zeguha (S. W. of Bondei, Germ. E. Africa).
Ziraha (S. E. of Sagara, Germ. E. Afrieai.

N.B. Whenever, in the derivations, no English word is inserted, it must
be understood that the last English word given is repeated.

refer to the Classes of Nouns (see Synopsis of
Grammar).

!

arc. accusative.

"'I) ■ ■ ■ adjective.

ttdc, . . adverb.

App. or Append. Appendix (at end of book)

aug. . . augmentative.

(b) Miscellaneous:

bet. . .

cans.
C.N.

collect.

'■""./■ ■

between .

causative.

('olenso-Natal, i. e. a word given in Colenso's
Dictionary as used in Natal, though un-
known or unused in Zululand.

collectively.

conjunction.

111* —

contr. ,
ep. or comp

dial. . .
dim.
doub. ace

*. (/. .
eupheni.
Ex. . .

contracted from, contraction of.
. compare.

dialect.

diminutive.

double accusative ( taken by the verb).

tor example.

euphemism, euphemistically.

Example.

f. . . . feminine,
fr. . from,

freq. . . frequently.

gen. . . generally.

h. I. p. <;. hard liquid palatal click (nee Note al com-
mencement of Q).

i. i. . . that is.

imper. . . imperative.

impers. . impersonal,

indie. . . indicative.

infin. . . infinitive.

int. . . . interjection.

lang. . . language.
Lat. . . Latitude.
Long. . . Longitude.

M. . . . Missionaries (i.e. a word coined by them I.
in. . . . masculine.
metaphor, metaphorically.

mod. . . modern word (coined since the advent of Eu-
ropeans).

N. . . . Natal, i.e. a word used in Natal (though not
appearing in Colenso's Dictionary i, and
unknown or unused in Zululand.

n .
noin.

P. .

I'hr.
plur.
prep,
pron.

q. V.
It. .

recip.
s. b.

8. c

s. k.
a. p.
s. q.
8. I.

8. X.

sing.
s. I.

T.

noun,
nominative.

Proverb,

Phrase or Idiom.

plural.

preposition.

pronoun.

which see or refer to.

river,
ciproc. reciprocal.

} •

p. c.

soft 6, etc. i.e. without the aspirate 'for ex-
planation, see Note on Pronunciation al com-
mencement of each letter).

singular.

soft liquid palatal click I see Note at com-
mencement of Q).

Town Kafir i. r.
towns.

coined hv the Natives in the

(used in perf.). means that the particular verb, in the par-
ticular sense, gen. takes the static perfect
tense, even though when referring to pre-
sent time.

v. . . . verb.

N. B. — When seeking a word, take care, in even/ case,
to refer also to the Appendix for additions and corrections.

A

ZULU-ENGLISH DICTIONARY.

■:•:■

N.B. For the pronunciation of the scver.il letters, as shown in the corrected orthography given in brackets alter
many of the words, see the notes on pronunciation at the commencement of each sectional letter.

\ in Zulu, always takes the Continental
5 sound, as exemplified in the English
word 'lather', and lengthened or shortened ac-
cording to the different varieties of the letter.

There are in Zulu three varieties of A — (1),
a short a, as in the words mina (my), and
itkiiti saka (scatter) ; (2), a full a being that
generally heard in the penultimate of words,
as in u-Daka (mud), i-nTlahla (luck); (3), a
loug »7, a sound less common, In i-iiTluhla
(old basket) and i-Hashi (horse), and distin-
guished in script by the sign aa.

A, jjers. pron. They used with nouns

plur. of the 2nd. cl., having the prefix

ama [Sen. MZT. Ro. Chw. a; Cong.
Ang. ma; Kag. Nyam. ga, etc.].

Ex. ama-hashi a-gijvma, the horses (they)
run.

A, rel. pron. Who; which used for

nouns of the 2nd. cl. plur., having the
prefix ama, when the relative in Eng.
is in the nom.; also for 3rd. pers. sing.
of nouns of the 1st. cl., having u or um
as prefix, when the relative in Eng. is
in the accusative.

Ex. ama-hashi a-gijimayo mahle, the horses
which run, are nice.

iwja umfana a-yi-tandayo, the dog which
the boy likes.

A, pers. pron. He, she, it - - used only in
the 3rd. pers. sing, of the subjunctive
mood, for nouns of the 1st. cl.

Ex. m-tshele, a-hambe, tell him, (that) he
may go.

A, aux. verb. part. Let, may - prefixed
to pers. prons. of all els. and followed
by the verb in the subj. to express a
polite request, exhortation, entreaty =
ma, lea.

Ex. a-si-hambe! let us go!

A, neg. part. Not — the particle is mean-
ingless when alone, expressing the neg.
only when in combination with other

certain inflexions of the verb or verbal
particles = ka. Cp. nga.

Ex. a-ngi-tandd, 1 do not like.

a-ai-yi-ku-hamba, we shall not go.

A, int. Ah! used to express sudden

surprise.

Aba (pass. abiwa>, v. Distribute, deal out,
allot, apportion out property, prizes, etc.,
among persons (doub. ace. with ela form)
— used properly only of 'distributable'
goods, as cattle, clothing, etc. ; for land,
and the like, sikela, nqumela, nika, etc.
would be used [Skr. bhajami, I allot].

N.B. For the construction aud meaning
of the numerous derivative forms of each
verb, see the note thereon in the preface.

is-Aba (mostly used in plur. form iz-Aba), n.
Attempt or effort (generally where there
is doubt as to its usefulness or success)
macTer"in order to overcome some diffi-
culty, etc., as when endeavouring to cure
a sick person, when consulting a witch-
doctor on the chance of gaining some
light on a matter, or when a person
offers some fabricated pretext, excuse,
or prevarication, when endeavouring to
get out of some difficulty (with enza)
[Sw. sababu, pretext].

Ex. ion nut a uy'enxa ixaba nje, a person
has a try, makes some attempts at any rate
(even though it be not much use).

asvm'enxeli 'xaba, we make no prevarica-
tions, objections, regarding him, i. e. we have
nothing to say against him, no fault to find
with him.

Abe (with the last syll. prolonged), int.
used to express reproving surprise, as
in order to check, etc., and equivalent to
Eng. 'what next! what are you doing!
where are you going to there!'

Abo, poss. adj. Their, of them — used
of things of the 2nd. cl. plur. when pos-.
sessed bv others of the 1st. and 7th. cl'

sing.

[Ga. MZT. Chw. etc. abo].

■

>

AB

is-Abongo (Abhongo), n. Fixed, brooding
ill-feeling retained long in the hear!
against another peT8on=ama-Fundulul'U,

Ex. angina? sabongo huge (or »a>jr), I retain
no ill-will or malice towards him.

nk i pa isabongo lei mi. he is letting on" his
ill-feeling towards me.

is-Abudu (Abkudu), n. (N) = i-nTenesha.
is-Abukazana (Abhukazana),n. = i(li)-Bu-
kazana.

iz-Abulo (no sing.), n. Secret affairs (of an
evil nature) only used as below.

Ex. ngamnika ixabulo, I presented him
with all his secret doings, dirty deeds.

is-Abumu (Ah Jni mil), n. Ripe fig when
already bad or rotting (cp. nm-Pobo);
person outwardly smart-looking, though
nally stupid; an abnormally large navel
or swelling thereat, umbilical hernia,
Ereq. among the Natives (= isi-Bono);
ox of a breed having long shaggy hair.

is-Aca (Aaca), n. Immense number, as of
people or cattle; immense quantity, as
of corn, etc. — used only as below as
expression of surprise.

Ex. isaca somuntu ka'Faku! s'enxam?
that multitude of people at Faku's! what
is it doing?

is-Acusana, n. dim. of the following.

is-Acuse (Achuse), n. = isi-Cuse.

is-Acute (Acuthe), n. = isi-Cute.

is-Adhla (And hi a), n. Final circular mat
of grass thatching the summit of a Na-
tive hut and forming the crown-tuft =
isi-TUri/i.

is-Afico, n. = isi-Fico.

is-Aga, >i. Name, saying, or word, of any
description, containing some hidden" or
suggested meaning, i.e. a verbal token

, of something; hence, a nickname coined
for a person and referring~Tcfsome phy-
sical peculiarity or incident connected with
him (= isl-Fenqo); current saying or
proverb, which suggests a second mean-
ing not literally that of the words;
particular cry, as thatcommonly adopted
by a particular regiment or other body,
when united in concerted action, as when
char<:in.i-r in battle, at a hunt, or tackling
a heavy weight together (cp. isi-Mewa);
any surprising, unaccountable ev£nt or
performance (from its strangeness being
supposed to indicate some other event
which it su^ests or portends as about
t" happen um-Hlolo); habit or man-
ner of life, daily conduct, customs or
ways (- iiin-Kiihii, and, like ITIWlHtter
word, when used in plur., generally im-
plying bad ways) - isi-Ga.

AH

Ex. yeka r.'ir elinexaga!. what a country
for had practices !

ixaga talo'mfatia angixitandi, I don't like
the carryings-on of that hoy.

kwekle iaaija sini lapa-ya ' what strange
thing has occurred over there ?=what's wrong
over there?

is-Agila or Agile, n. Short stick rough-cut
from the bush and having an irregular
knob left at the end, commonly carried
by herd-boys for throwing at birds =
is-Agisha.

is-Agisha, n. = is-Agila.

is-Agude, n. = isi-Gceba.

Ahle, mix. verb, used with the subjunctive
of a verb to express 'possibility' in
matters where there is some question
or uncertainty, and equivalent to Eng.
'could, could really, would actually, etc.'
The fuller form ngahle is sometimes
used ; and even this may be further pre-
fixed by any of the pers. prons., thus,
ngingahle, angahle, etc. The commoner
form in Zululand is ngase, which is
merely another form of ngahle (the par-
ticles hi and s being, in Zulu, occasion-
ally identical, e.g. i-hlo or i-so, meaning

\\ 'eye'). Both se and hie would appear to

i*be the solitary remnants of some obso-
lete verb. See hla, sa.

Ex. able (or ngahle., or ngase) ngikwenxe
mi 111 i, why, I too could do that.

kn at i iiti n hi e i or ngahle, or iiyase, or ba-
ngahle) bayoUma, linn kanje? Do you think,
then, they would actually go and hoe, it
raining like this?

ahle (or ngahle, or ngase, or kuiujahlp) kube
bafiniiaim innfnla ngewele, it is possible they
found the river full.

Ahluka (s.k.),v. Part company with (with
loc. or ku) ; get separated from ; differ
from (used in perf.).

Ex. ingubo yami y'ahlnkile kweyako, my
blanket is different from yours.

Ahlukana (s.k.), v. Separate (intrans.), be-
come disconnected mutually, come apart,
as a chain in the middle; part company
with, as with a fellow-traveller (with ?ia) ;
disagree with or differ from one another,
as one thing in appearance with another
(with na), or one person with another
over an agreement (used in pert'.).

Ex. 8' ahlukana naye emLalaxi, we parted
company with him at the Umlalazi.

amagamu abo 'ahlukene, their statements
are separated i. e. are different, disagree.

um-Ahlukanandhlela (s. k. loc. emahluka-
nandhlela), n. 5. A parting of the ways,
a junction of two roads, etc.

AH

Ahlukanisa (s. k.), v. Separate (trans.), dis-
s connect, as anything (ace.) joined together
with something else (with no) ; make
part company, part, as two companions
(ace.) or two boys lighting; set apart,
devote, as money for a certain purpose
(doub. ace. with ela form) ; make a
distinction, as between one fault and
another; divide into parts, as a cake, or
property among a number (doub. ace.
with ela form); grant a separation or
divorce, as a magistrate.

Ex. lesi'sikati s'ahlukaniselwe ukuteta ama-
cala, this time is set apart for trying eases.
wayekela-ni ukub' ahlukanisa? why didn't
you part them (the lighters)?

is-Ahlukaniso (8. k.). Letter of divorce;
divorce, separation, as of husband and
wife; cause of separation; partition.

is-Ahluko (s. k.), n. Part, chapter, as of a
book (M).

Ah I u la, v. Get the better of, master, in
any sense ; hence, conquer another (ace.)
in "battle; overpower, as one wrestling
with another ; overcome, as grief a per-
son; be too much for (hibern.), surpass
the understanding, astonish altogether,
as an incomprehensible action or a huge
joke might a person; beat, as one boy
another in a race; convince, get the better
of, as in an argument; persuade, as by
convincing advice; master, as a disease
= tika; zanga. Cp. tantata.

Ex. ung'ahlulile umfwndisi, ukudhla kwake,
he has beaten me, has the missionary, by
his food (its astonishing quantity or deli-
ciousness).

amadumbi la/ra ayas'aklula, these kafir-
potatoes are too much for us (being more
than we can manage, or get down in the
eating).

lonfo ka'Ndwandwe seway'ahlula intombi
lca'Ngiyexwa, the young-fellow of Ndwa-
ndwe's has now brought down Ngiyezwa's
girl (has made her consent).

Ahluleka (s.k.),v. Get overpowered, con-
quered ; get outdone, as by any difficult
task ; be done up, as by fatigue or aston-
ishment (used in pert'.); be unequal to,
unable to cope with, unable to do (with
ku, or infin.).

Ex. seny'ahltdekile, I have been outdone,
quite got the better of, as by any impossible
work, or intractable person or disease.

babeyakuti-ni bona, sekw'aftluleka noma-
Burnt? what would they have done, even
the Boers having been worsted?

leyo'nkuku iy' ahluleka ukuhamba, that fowl
is unable to walk.

Ahlusa, v. = ahlukanisa.

AK

is-Aho, n. = isi-Ho.

am-Aja, n. — see ama-Ja.

is-Aja, //. Water remaining in the horn <>f

the i-Gudu or hemp-pipe after smoking

= isi-Ja.

N.B. This water is smeared on the ge-
nitals of a cow that has been covered, in
order to prevent the bull from re-mounting it.

Ajila, int. = ashila.

Aka (Akha),v. Build, as a house (ace.);
construct, as a wagon, or bridge; inhabit,
as a country (ace); live, dwell (used in
perf. ake cp. hlala). [Ski-, kshi,

dwell; Gr. oikeo, I dwell; II eh. banah,
build; Lat. habito, I dwell; MZT. yaka,
build ; Sw. jenga, build ; kaa, dwell].

Ex. w'ake-jai wena? where do you live
[lit. where have you built r.'

umuzi wakiti w'ake nyas'oTukela, our kraal
is settled (lit. is built) near the Tukela.

abakwa'Mtetwa b'akr lonke lelo'xwe, the
Mtetwas inhabit all that country.

is-Akamukanya (Akhamukhanya), n. (Jar-
den watch-hut, built like a small grass
hut raised aloft on a stagework of sticks ;
'a little yawning garden hut' - a name
jocularly given to a person who is
shading his eyes with the hands (i.e.
ukw-aka 'mkanya). Cp. i(H)-Xiba; i-nQo-
lobana; u(lu)-Bamba.

Ake (s. k.), aux. verb. part, used in all
persons, with the subjunctive, to express
a polite request, stronger than a (q. v.),
and rendered into Eng. by 'please, I
wish you would, be so good as', and the
like. Cp. ke, e. [Sw. ake; Kamb. Ni.
akwe; Sen. ache; Mo. awe; Mpo. aye].

Ex. ake w'enxe kahle! please wait a mo-
ment!

ufike ku'mlungu, uti ake atume lowo'muntu
'exe kiuti, you will go to the whiteman, and
say, would he be so kind as to send that
Native to me.

ake balime, ngixe ngifike kona, just let
them be going on hoeing, till I come to
them.
Ake (Akhc), jjoss. adj. His, her, its —
used for nouns of the 1st. el. when pos-
sessing things of the 2nd. cl. plur., hav-
ing the prefix attta. [Sw. ake; Ku.
awe; Mpo. aye; Com. ahe; MZT. akue;
L. Cong. andi\.

Ex. ama-svmu ake, his gelds.

Akela (Akhela), v. Build Eor (a particular

purpose, person etc.) — mostly used of

birds 'building' a nest for the breeding

season.

Ex. yaboniswa ttba leyo'nyoni uhcakela

1*

AK

indhlu enje9 by whom was that bird shown
to build sut'li a nest '.'

I'lir. ikanjana hike ling'akela ongoso nge-
langa! his little head may build for (i.e.
be built in by) field mice iu uo time — a
threat to 'do for' a person (C.N.).

ttku-m-akela (umuntu) id, to construct for
a person (i.e. against him) a fencing-off (wi-
thin which he may not come) = to exclude
him from a one's society, companionship,
cut him off.

Akelana (Akhelana), v. Build i. e. settle
down for one another, be neighbours,
living in one another's vicinity (used in
pert)

Ex. s'akelene rye naye, we have our kraals
near one another, are neighbours of his.

s'akelene kabi kule'ndau-o, we have bad
neighbours in this place.

ow'akelene mi mi, naice, naye, etc. my, thy,
his, neighbour.

um-Aki (Akhi), n. 1. Builder, bricklayer,
mason (M).

Akisa (Akhisa), v. Cause a person (ace.)
to build i.e. give him a site, settle him,
as in such and such a place, help him
to build.

Ako (Akho), poss. adj. Thy used with
nouns of 2nd. pers. sing, when posses-
sing things of 2nd. el. plur. having the
prefix ama [Sw. MZT. ya. ako; Cong.
aku; Chw. aho; Mpo. Ka. ao]; also with
nouns of the 8th. cl. when possessing
things of the same cl. i. e. 2nd. cl. plur.
[Sw. Ka. Cong, ako; Chw. aho].

Kx. ama-simu ako, thy fields.
ama-nxi ako (uku-dhla), its water {i.e. of
the food).

um-Akoti, />/ur. ab-Akoti (Akooti, s.k.; s.t.),
— VrMakotl.

is-Akwali (Akhwali),n. = isi-Kivali.

is-Akwece (Akhwece), n. Small quantity of
anything left remaining in a vessel, as
a little tobacco still left at the bottom
of a pipe, food in a dish, etc. Cp. isi-
THnyela; isi-Cete.

Ala (pass, aliwa), v. Forbid, disallow, any-
thing (ace.) or action (with uku, or uku-
hri), nut a person (for which see alela);
refuse, as to do anything (with uku);
decline to Liive up a thing (with na of
thing); reject, as a girl her lover (ace);
dislike refuse to have any dealings with,
with a certain person (ace); keep off,
beat all hollow, do in a masterly all-
beating manner, as in dancing, etc. =
nqaba (which latter is the word com-
monly used in Zululand, a/a being sel-
dom heard, though in Natal it is the

AL

contrary). Cp. nqumisela. [Ar. harama,
forbid].

Ex. qa! ngiy'ala! no! I am .sure not;
I deny it, etc.

kw'ala kancane, wafa, it refused just a
little, and he was dead i. e. it wanted but
a little, he was very near dying.

umfo was'eLangeni, a/c/if 'Mpande! na-
giya, w'ala, that fellow of the Langeni clan,
oh! by Mpande! he did dance, he would
let nobody approach him (in quality of
dancing).

uku-x'ala, to reject oneself i.e. pay no
attention to one's bodily appearance, neglect
■ oneself, keep oneself in a dirty, untidy
manner.

Ala (Aala), v. obsolete verb, only remain-
ing in phrases below.

Phr. itku-ala ixitanga. to sit crossdegged,
like a tailor.

ukiv-ala indima, to plan or mark out a
field-patch, by picking out with a hoe, or
merely by the eye. Cp. yaba.

am-Ala (no sing.), n. The concavity below
the ribs when the belly is sunken in
from famine.

Ex. waf'ika es'eng'amala, he arrived with
the belly quite sunken in with hunger.

is-Ala, n. Bunch of crow or other feathers,
worn on the back of the head by young-
men and boys when out courting, though
originally only at royal festivities.

is-Alakutshelwa (s.k.; s.t.), n. One who won't
be advised by others.

P. isalakutshelwa sabona ngomopo, the ob-
stinate man saw (the truth of what had been
told him) by the blood-flow = who won't
be told, will learn by bitter experience.

is-Alakwanda (s. k.), n. An urn-Takati (lit.
one who prevents increase in a family
by killing off its members).

Alana, v. Dislike one another, be bad
friends.

Ex. bay' alana, they don't get on together,
don't like one another.

Alahala (Alahala), int. = halahala.

Aleka (s. k.), v. Be such as to be forbidden,
disallowed, refused, disliked; hence, be
disagreeable or disliked, as a young-man
with the girls.

Alela, v. Forbid a person (ace.) to do any-
thing (with uku, or ukuba).

Ex. ubaba us'alele ukuba siye kona, our
father has forbidden us to go there.

Aliswa, v. Be caused to dislike a person
(ace), feel an antipathy towards him
only used idiomatically as below in re-
gard to married state.

AL

Ex. umfaxri w'aliswa indoda, the wife is
caused to dislike her husband (hy the child
in her womb) — referring to a natural anti-
pathy she feels against hiin about the period
of conception.

indoda y'aliswa umfaxi, the husband has
an antipathy against his wife (at the same
period).

is-Aliwa, n. Young-man or girl rejected by
the other sex = isi-Shonkolo, isi-Gwadi,
/' isi-Shimanqa.

is-Aliwakazi, (s. k.), n. Wife disliked by her
husband = isi-Shinikezi, isi-Shonkolo.

Alo, poss. adj. Its used with nouns
of the 2nd. and 6th. els. when possessing
things of the 2nd. cl. plur., having the
prefix ania [Sw. Nya. alo; Sen. Her.
aro; Chw. ajo].

Ex. ama-ndhla al<> (ihashi), its strength
(of the horse).
ama-ndhla alo (uti), its strength (the stick).

Aluka (s. k.), v. Plait, as a grass-rope (ace);

weave, as a rush sleeping-mat; go out,

V as cattle to graze, or people to work

[Gr. pleko, twist; Bo. Ga. luka, plait;

Sw. suka, plait].

Phr. sahlanyana nempi is'alulca, we knock-
ed up against an army going out (to war)
= we are in a nice fix — used by oue
suddenly befallen by some difficulty or in-
convenience in the midst of his work, as
when the pot cracks in the midst of the
beer-brewing.

is-Alukazana (s. k.), n. Little old woman or
cow; a certain insect; a splashing up
on the ground, caused by rain-drops,
when the soil is already flooded; also
= isi- Cash akazan a.

Ex. imriila yexalukaxana, a heavy, splash-
ing, gen. quiet, but drenching rain, without
wind or mist, as in the summer.

Phr. isahdeaxana sakwa' Mpanjana, any
very ancient old woman, no longer able to
feed or look after herself.

is-Alukazi (s.k.),n. Any woman beyond
the age of child-bearing ; any old female
animal; also derisively of any old male
animal; name applied to two kinds of
insects, also to the isi-Cashakazana.

Ex. isalukaxi esmg'v/mame, my old mother.
umfana wesalttkaxi, an old woman's boy,
a molly-coddle = um--Nqolo.

um-Alukazi (s.k.), n. 5. Old bullock, or cow

(not bull = u-Masheqe).
is-Alukwazi (s.k.),n. (N) = is-Alukazi.

Alusa, v. Cause the cattle (ace.) to go out
to graze i. e. to take out to graze, herd,
as a herd-boy; hence, watch over, keep

AM

guard over, as a headman over his
people (ace).

Ex. kaho, it'olusile, he is not here, he is
out herding.

um-Alusi.w. /. Shepherd, herd (M).

is-Alute (Aluthe), n. Mist = UnKungu.

Amba (Ambha), v. Dream of a thing (me-
taphor.), imagine, think, ;is anything
(ace.) improbable or incredible [MZT.
amba, speak].

Ex. benging'ambi na'kwamba ukidi Uya-
ktma namhlanje, I didn't even dream it
would rain to-day.

is-Amba (Ambha), n. A taking off bodily,
a clearing off wholly at one go, as below.
Ex. uku-tata ngesamba, to take the whole
off at once, bodily = nqukula.

is- Am bane (Ambhane), n. Ant-eater or ant-
bear (Orycteropus Capensis); sometimes
applied to a restlessly industrious man.

Phr. siyadel' isambane, esinitfwngodi, si-
ngawulali, s'&n teFonkomankoma naongungu-

mbaitc! he's a self-contented fellow is the
ant-bear, who digs a hole and then doesn't
lie in it, making it only for ferns and por-
cupines! = he is happy who can afford to
work for mere pleasure, without bothering
himself about any results.

yek'tdcwenx'amandhla esambane! alas! for
this doing the work (exertion,) of au ant-
bear ! — exclaimed by one who finds he has
been working for the benefit, not of himself,
but of somebody else; or who has been work-
ing with no profit to himself.

Ambata (Amb hatha), v. Put on, cover or
clothe the person with some covering,
as a blanket (ace.) or other free, flowing
robe according to Native fashion (not
properly used of dressing with Euro-
pean clothes = gqoka) = embata. [Ar.
bayad, garment; Ga. amballa, put on;
Ka. mbara; Chw. apara; Sw. a mint la,
stick to - - cp. Z. namata\.

Ex. kuhle owesifaxana ahambe 'ambete, it
is proper for a female to go with the body
covered.

is-Ambatwangapi (Ambhathwangaphi), ».
Blanket with both sides coloured alike
Cp. isi-Balala.

Ambesa (Ambhesa), v. Cover or clothe with
a blanket (with nga), etc., the body of
a person (ace.) = embesa. Cp. sibekela.
Ex. m'ambese, angalali edtndilixile, cover
him (with his blanket), that he may not lie
naked.

ulw-Ambesi (Ambhesi), n. Pericardium.
Phr. intlixiyo inolrcambesi, the heart has

AM

a smothercd-up sensation, /. e. the free action
of the lungs is impeded.

r.rlr ulwambesi, he has thrown a cover
over ns, stopped our months, stiffled onr
expectations [as when we were eagerly hoping
he would open a certain matter, and he
merely talked about something else and then
left). '

is-Ambo (Ambho), n. Quiver, for carrying
assegais on the back; quiver-like recep-
tacle for preserving feather head-or-
naments.

Ambuka (Ambhuka), v. Break one's alle-
giance to or abandon one's chief (with
ku or loc.) in favour of another — the
word was commonly applied to those of
Cetshwayo's people who went over to
the southern side of the Umhlatuze, to
John Dunn and the white-people. See
i(li)-Mbuka.

Ambula (Ambhula), r. Uncover by strip-
ping off a blanket or similar covering,
as when uncovering a sick person (ace.)
so as to expose his body (the antithesis
< >i" ambesa), or a heap of goods covered
by a cloth; hence, open to view, reveal,
as hitherto hidden matters (ace). Cp.
penya; sibukula. [Bo. hambula, un-
dress].

Phr. ukw-ambida wndobokawi, to uncover
a young-wife — as a father-in-law might do
by presenting her with a goat (taken by her
isi-Gqila), alter which she would no longer
require to hlonipa him by covering the
breast, etc., in his presence. See hlonipa.

P. VambuUingubo, lingene, it (an icala)

uncovers the blanket (uninvitedj and gets in
ito the bed) - - said by a person who sud-
denly finds himself involved in some trouble,
almost before being aware of it.

is-Ambulo (Ambhulo), n. Divine revela-
tion (M).

Ami, poss. adj. My used of 1st. pers.

sing, when possessing tilings of '2nd. cl.
plur. having the prefix ama [Mpo. ami;
Cong, ante; Her. andije; Sw. angu;
Chw. aka\.

Ex. amasimu a/mi, my fields.

is-Ampanza (Ampaanza),n. Water-blad-
der expelled by cattle, etc., before the
delivery of the calf. Cp. um-Hlapo;
i-nCupe.

is-Ampokwe (s. p.; 8.k.),n. Shambok, or
thick stick-like strip of hippopotamus
hide /-,// Vubll. [D. sjambok}.

is-Ampompo (s.j/.J,?i. Native spoon-bag
woven with grass or palm-straw is-
Ampontshe, um-Godhlo.

is-Ampontshe (s.p.;s. t.), n. = is-Ampompo.

6 AM

is-Ampotwe (Ampothwe), n. Native adze,
consisting of a wooden handle with a
small triangular blade of iron fixed into
it, by a spike, near the end and at right
angles to the haft (cp. i(li)-Zembe) ; per-
son with very protruding forehead.

Amuka (s.k.),v. Take away a thing from
a person by force (doub. ace), deprive
= apuca [Sw. mpoka].

Amukela (s. k.), v. Hold out the hands to
receive a thing (ace); hence, receive ge-
nerally. Cp. kangeza.

X.B. It is Zulu etiquette for children,
women, and inferiors generally, to receive a
thing by holding out together both hands.
I To receive in one hand only would imply
superiority, or familiar intercourse between
equals.

Amukezelana (s. k.), v. Pass to, or hand to
one another, as persons do the strings
when building a Native hut; supply one
another with words, devices, as when
pre-arranging evidence ; stand next in or-
der to (with na), as one hut to another
in a kraal.

is-Amuku (s. k.), n. = isi-Muku.

Amula, v. Pat or slap gently on the face
or head, as one might a child (ace), with
the palm of the hand (= mukida; cp.
i-mPama); interrupt, put out a person
(ace) when talking (not working — cp.
pazamisa).

Amuleka (s. k.), v. Get made to forget, get
escaped for in the memory, forget; go
wrong, make a mistake, get confused or
put out by forgetfulness or distraction
(cp. kohlwa; yibaza); go wrong alto-
gether in respect to any specified vice
(with na or nga), get so habituated to
any bad custom (with na or nga) as to
do it without thinking (cp. mukeleka;
heheka).

Ex. us'a/mulekile nokweba, he is now alto-
gether given up to thieving, it is habitual
with him.

'/.' uqinisile! ng'amulekile, oh! you are
right! I have been made, or have got, to
forget.

Amulekisa (s.k.),v. Cause a person (ace)
to forget or have an escape of memory.

N.B. A boy who has had the misfortune

to allow the cattle to trespass into a neigh-
bour's fields, nibbles is-Amuyisane q. v. as
he goes home, in order to induce forget-
fulness in his father's mind — which this
plant is supposed to do; and so he escapes
punishment.
is-Amuyisane or Amuyisani, n. Long-stalked
weed, giowing in old fields, and used
as above.

/

AN

is-Amvu (Aamvu), n. = isi-Fudumezi.

is-Ancape (Ancaphe, no plur.), n. Late
green mealies, eaten at the beginning of
winter, after the harvesting 01 the ama-
bele, but before the i(li)-Wenana =
i-nCape.

is-Ancapela (Ancaphela), n. Certain bird
(? Saxicola bifassiata) (N).

is-Anci, re. Tawny coloured jackal, having
a disagreeable' smell. Cp. i(li)-Kanka.

is-Ancinza, re. Girl kept by a chief, osten-
sibly as a maid-servant, but also as co-
ncubine = i-mPotuli [perhaps from
ncinza q. v. Sw. m-zinzi, fornicator].

And', and'uba, and'ukuba, and'ubani, adv.
Then, and then, afterwards, before that
— only used in Natal = kad'uba.

Ex. anobekisisa kuqala, n'and'ukuya'kwe-
nxa leyo'nto, look well first, before you go
to do that thing (X).

sebenxanv, niqede, and'uba nidhle, work
and get finished, and then eat (N).

Anda, v. Increase (intrans.), multiply;
spread, as might a report or sickness;
become enlarged, as a hole in a hut, or
a field by annual additions [Lat. pando,
I spread"; Sw. tanda, stretch out; Her.
tandavara, stretch].

Phr. ukwanda hwaliwa umtakati, increase
(of family) is prevented by an umtakati —
may mean, there has plainly been no umta-
kati here, in this rapidly growing family.

w'ande ngomlomo wje, he is grown large
only as to his mouth, i. e. he talks much,
but does nothing; is all bluster.

is-Anda, re. Remnant or remainder left over
from anything after the main purpose
has been fulfilled, as a small supply of
corn or dumbis remaining after planting ;
(N) ground plan of, or site got ready to
receive a hut (= isi-Za); (C.N. fr. Xo.)
layer of reeds for storing grain upon.
is-Andakwapusa or Andukwapusa (Anda-
kwaphusa), re. Child, calf, etc. which has
just ceased sucking.
Ande, adv. (N) = kad'uba.
is-Andela, n. Certain sea-fish.
is-Andhla, re. Hand; sometimes used to
indicate the right or left 'side' (cp. i(li)-
Cala; u(lu)-Hlangoti). [Skr. han, strike;
Hi. hath, hand; Lat. manus; MZT. h-
anza; Ka. i-ganja; Bo. u-daha, ability;
Ku. mihatha, hand; Heh. i-ganza; San.
ganja; Go. ganya; Ngu. vyala; Sak.
ntanga],

Ex. ukusipi isandhla tiomgwaqo? it (the
kraal) is on which side of the road?

umuxi ka'Bani wowunika (or buyisela)

AN

kulesi isandhla, So-and-so's kraal you must
leave on this hand (as shown by a rign).

Phr. uku-buya ngexandhla, to return empty-
banded, having tailed to gel what one had
gone for.

ukw-enxa ngapandhk kwexandhla, to rlo
anything without authorisation, on one's own
account, without permission ol those in au-
thority, etc.

uku-bek'isandhla lcu'Bani, to seek the fa-
vour, or patronage, of So-and-so, as a poor
man when wishing to be adopted as the de-
pendant of SQjne rich or powerful person.

uku-qeda isandhla, to complete the hand.
i. e. be or make up five.
am-Andhla (no sing.), n. Strength (phy-
sical = izi-Kwepa); power, might, moral
strength; authority; authorisation, as for
dong anything; ability, capability, as for
doing any work; exertion, labour, ex-
pended on any work; euphem. for semen
virile (= ama-Lota) [Skr. han, strike;
ojman, strength; Lat. mantis, hand; Bo.
u-daha, ability].

Ex. inamandhla le'ndoda ibaxUe iwindiiku,
he is able or skilful is this man in the carv-
ing of sticks.

okwabelungu kunamandhla, the things,
doings, etc. of the Whitemen are of power
i. e. show wonderful ability or skill.

kunamandhb. ukuba induna ingeko, it is
a powerful obstacle (to progress) that the
iitdiaia should be away.

Phr. uku-pcVamandhla, to fail of strength,
be quite exhausted, whether physically or
mentally; hence sometimes, be overcome with
amazement; faint; give up in despair, etc.
ulw-Andhle (loc. ehv-Andhle or olw-Andhle,
no plur. — the plur. izi-Lwandhle, now
sometimes heard, is of modern coinage
and etymologically incorrect), n. Sea
[MZT. lu-anja; Ga. Gu. nyanja, broad
expanse of water, sea; Her. oka-ran',
sea — see ama-Nzi].
ulw-Andhlekazana (s.k.), n. Variety of yel-
low mealies having grains somewhal
smaller than the u-Tubini (= u(lu)-Ngo-
ye); another variety, having small black
and white grains. Cp. i(li)-Gcak%; ifltj-
Huma.
is-Andhlwana, n. = i-nGobo. Cp. u(lu)-Su.

Andisa.v. Make increase or multiply; en-
large, make be more; make go a long
way, as a little food (ace.) by treating
economically.

is-Andisa.x. Increase; interest or profit
accruing from anything.

is-Ando, n. Hammer; origin, the stone
used by a smith for striking the hot iron

AN

[prob. akin to anda q. v. — Skr. han,
strike; Reg. nyondo, hammer; Sw. nyu-
ndo; (Ja. nsamu; Her. o-ngungo].
And'uba, adv. (N.) = kad'uba.

Andulela, r. Begin first, or before another,
as a woman beginning to hoe before the
others of her locality; begin first with,
start off with, as with any particular
one (with nga) of a rotation; be before-
hand in regard to, anticipate a person
(ace.) or event, as by speaking before
him, making provision against, etc.
[MZT. andirfa, break open].

Ex. ngiyakwandviela ngendhht yaka'Magidi,
I shall start off or begin with the hut of
Magidi's (laughter (in removing a kraal).

mus'ttkung'andulela ukukuluma, don't an-
ticipate me with your talk (I shall come to
that which you are talking about).

is-Andulela, n. First-fruits of any season's
crops; (C. N.) certain bright star ap-
pearing at the end of autumn (cp.
i-nKirenkwezi).

um-Anduleli, n. 1. Precursor (M).

And'uma, and'ume, and'ukuma, adv. (N.) =
kad'uba.

is-Andundundu (noplur.), n. = i-mBovane.

Anela, v. Be sufficient for (ace. or with
ku); suffice; be sufficed for by, have
enough of (with agent); be given suffi-
cient of (with nga), as a kettle with
water; keep, retain possession of, as
anything (ace.) found, lent, or taken by
force in all senses most freq. used in
perfect; just or merely do a thing, as
arrive (with uku)\ speak, etc. = Eng.
'just.'

Ex. i;ili(iinlfi kax'anele, inganti bengiti
siyaktoanela, the posts do not suffice, whereas
I thought they would be sufficient.

afnlr into pantsi, ab'es'ey'anela, he finds a
thing on the ground, and thereupon keeps it.
inilixiyo ka/y'cmelanga, the heart or desire
did not get its full.

w'aneFukuhleka rye, he did nothing but
laugh.

s'anel'ukufUea, basebesijja ukudhla, we had
just, or no sooner, arrived, than they gave
us food.

shwapiduxa, wanele nawe, take a spoonful
(pinch, etc. i and be satisfied also — as might
be said to a person arriving when the food
prepared is of a very small quantity, not
sufficing for all.

Anezela, v. = enezela.
Anga, /•. Kiss a person (ace.) [Bo. onka;
Sw. na\.

N.B. Although, according to Native cus-
tom, fathers and mothers frequently kiss

8 AN

their children, these latter never kiss their
parents. Two boys, or two girls, may also,
under exceptional circumstances, kiss each
other.

ulw-Anga, n. Roof of the mouth, hard pa-
late. Cp. ama-Laka.

Phr. uvame ulwanga, she has a big mouth
i. c much talk, a noisy active tongue. See
i-mBovu.

is-Angabe, n. = um-Ngabazane.

is-Angcesheza, n. Certain small bird (N.)
= isi-Hlalamahlangeni.

is-Angci, n. Dense continuous rain (not ne-
cessarily heavy), persisting perhaps for
a whole day or longer, and, as it were,
holding the whole land fast (ngci) within
its grasp = is-Angeinyane; cp. um-
Vimbi.

is-Angcinyane, n. = is-Angci.

is-Angcobe, n. Old mealies or mabele of
the current or last harvested season,
which have become sour from the damp
of the pit. Cp. n(lu)-Pata.

is-Angcokolo (s. k.), n. Maize-grub = isi-

Hlava.
is-Angcozi, n. Protruding forehead ; person

therewith.

Angiti (Angithi), idiomatic equivalent to
Eng. 'not', as below (lit. don't I say?),
used interrogatively only and when an
affirmative answer is assumed; hence,
often equiv. to 'of course, you know, etc'

Ex. angiti nganitshela na? did I not tell
you? (of course I did).

qa! bamsola njr nabo, bati, angiti wa-
bekwa y'itina? no! they blamed him too,
saying, were you not placed there by us?

is-Ango, n. Sudden breaking forth from
the clouds, or a momentary oppressive
glare, of the sun, as on a cloudy sultry
day in the summer — is-Ongo. Cp. isi-
Fudumezi.

is-Angobo, n. Food-crib, for storing mea-
lies, etc. = i-nGoma.

is- Angoma, n. Necromancer, so-called 'witch-
doctor', Native diviner = is-Anusi, urn-
Ngoma. Cp. i(li)-Dhlozi; um-Lozi [Gr.
nekros, dead; manteia, divination; Lat.
augur, soothsayer; Gr. magos, one of
the magi or tribe of dream-interpreters;
Sw. Ga. ngoma, drum (comp. Zulu cus-
tom of beating a hide during a witch-
doctor's ceremonies); cp. Sw. ganga,
practise medicine; uguza, to doctor; Ga.
mluzi, medicine-man; Z. um-Lozi, q. v.
and i-Nyanga q. v., both of which latter
are other titles for an is-Angoma].

N.B. There are two classes of necro-
mancers among the Zulus, one said to be

V

IS

IS

IS

■5 '

IS

is

is
is
III
is

IS

is

is
is

iy

AN

i/ispi 'ml by an ancestral-spirit or i(H)-Dhlox4
— this is by far the commonest variety —
and another, rarely met with, said to be pos-
sessed of a familiar-spirit or um-Loxi. In the
former case, of course, the speaking is done
by the witch-doctor himself; in the second, it
is done by the spirit, the doctor himself being
supposed the remain silent. Their business
is to unravel for their clients, for the sum
of one shilling down (for a single private con-
sultation, though for a public or combined
consultation or iim-llhihln a much larger
sum is required) any of the mysterious oc-
currences of daily life e.g. disappearances of
persons or stock, surprising calamities, out-
breaks of disease, deaths, etc.

-Angoza, n. Intense sun-heat, as when

'the very ground is hot to the feet' =

isi-Gagadu.

-Angqondo, sometimes in plur. iz-Angqo-

ndo (Angqoondo) n. Amasi of the best

kind i. e. sucli as comes out white and

well clotted = is-Ankefe, izi-Keke.

-Angqu, n. Orange River; one of a cer-
tain regiment formed by Mpande next
after the ama-Pela or more properly
after the i-nGulube (= i(li)-Sishi). [Su.
Senqu, Orange R. in its upper-parts;
lower down called nuka entsu or Black
R., and by the Hottentots called the
Gariep].

-Angquma, n

-Angume, n.
i-nTelezi.

Angungu, n. = isi-Gubudu.

-Angxoko, (s. k.), n. = isi-Ngxoko.

-Angu, n. = ulw-Anga.

-Ankahlu (s.k.),n. Violence, vehemence,
as when talking furiously to a person =
isi-Kahlu.

-Ankefe, or sometimes in plur. iz-Ankefe
(s. k.), n. = is-Angqondo.

-Ankuntshane (s. k.; s. t), n. Small veldt-
herb (Ophioglossum sp.), much liked as
imifino.

-Anqawane, n. = isi-Cegu.

■Antloko (s\ t.; s. k.), n. Pea-like seed of
the i(li)-Kumalo bush, worn as an or-
nament.

■Antlukano (s. L; s. k.), n. S. Split or se-
paration, temporary estrangement, be-
tween relatives, friends or companions,
as might follow some quarrel or passing
disagreement; cause of such estrange-
ment; (C.N.) separation, gap.

N.B. This word is very irregular in its
formation, having a y in the prefix instead

Hail — isi-Coto.
Certain plant, used as an

AN

of the euphonic //, and an n introduced into
the radical ahhikano (see ahlukana) from
which it is probably derived.
um-Antshu (s. t), n. 5. Serous blood, as is
sometimes discharged from a wound or
sore.

ulw-Antsu (8. L), n. (C. N.) - u(lu)-Si.

ulw-Antu or Antulwantu (s. I.), n. Any nice,
dainty food, not come across every day,
as meat, cake, etc. Cp. ul-Ovela; i(lij-
Velakanci.

is-Antungwana, n. Odour, scent, small smell
(good or bad), as of a smelling hide,
some medicines, or the savour of frying
meat = u(lu)-SL Op. i(li)-Punga; u(lu)-
Qashi; u(lu)-Futa.

Ex. kwanuka 'santungwana, there is a
scent or odour about (pleasant or unpleasant).

Anula, v. Widen out, as the mouth of a
sack (ace), a hut by extending outwards
the foundation wattles, or a field by en-
larging at the side; go beyond the rea-
sonable limit in talk, as a person quar-
relling going on to divulge secrets, etc.
Cp. eneka; elula [S\v. tanua, enlarge].

is-Anungu, n. (C. N.), = i-nTate.

is-Anusi, n. = is-Angoma [prob. akin to
nuka q. v., or obsolete nusa = nukisa

— cp. Sw. nusa, smell].

Anya, v. Suck the breast, as an infant or
calf = ncela, ncinta. [Ga. nywa, drink;
nyabu, a mother; Sw. nyonya, suck the
breast; L. Nig. w-anyi, woman].

iz-Anya^io sing.), n. Consciquness of guilt,
interior fear or shame arising therefrom,
causing sensitiveness and mental agita-
tion before others. See nyeza.

is-Anyana, n. Certain shrub (Kraussia
lanceolata).

Anyisa, v. Suckle, give the breast, as a
mother to her child (ace.) ; cause or al-
low to suck, as a herd-boy the calves;
suck heartily, as a calf.

Anyisela, v. Cause to suck by sucking for

— used only of an older calf sucking at
its mother after she has already a young-
er calf, which it is supposed to be
helping to suck thereby.

is-Anyu, n. = is-Anywane.

im-Anyule, n. - see i-Manyule.

is-Anywane, n. General unpopularity or
disfavour, as of a young-man with the
girls; person with the same ( isi-Nyo-
mbolo; see -isi-Siln; i-Nyama); certain
shrub, growing in the bush-country,
which, when placed in a man's hut, is
supposed to bring about his being gene-
rally disliked.

AN

is-Anzwili, n. So-called Mocking-bird (Saxi-
eola pileata) (C. N. fr. Xo.).

is-Apompolo (Aphompolo), n. (C. N. fr.
Xo.) isi-Bonkolo.

Apuca (Aphuca), r. Take something from
a person l>y force (doub. ace), deprive
liim of it, as a man taking away the
stick from a boy fighting = amuka
[Lat privo, I deprive; Sw. poka, take
by force].

Apuka (Aphuka), v. Get broken or frac-
tured, as a bone or stick; get dislocated,
sprained (though the Natives regard it
as a fracture for an obvious sprain
or dislocation, see enyela), as a person's
limb at the joint (used with doub. nom.);
die rapidly or suddenly, without any
apparent cause; also euphem. for tomba
q. v. [Ga. atika, break].

Ex. ng'apuka umlenze, I got or had my
leg broken.

induku yarni y,apukile, my stick has got
i. * . i> broken.

is-Apuko (Aphuko), n. Flat, bridge-less
nos<' isi-Kopela. Cp. u(lu)-Zukumba.

Apuia (Aphula), v. Break, fracture, as a
bone (ace), stick, window-pane, etc.; dis-
Locate, as the limb (ace.) of a person (the
Natives considering it a fracture — see
enyela); make a person die suddenly or
without premonitory symptoms, as an
umtakati [Skr. lap, break; Her. pora;
Bo. tula; ahula, tear].

Ex. wamuti dhluxu, kwangati uyakum'a-
pul'ingalo, he gave him such a pull, one
thought he would break his arm.

k'oBani i: inkomo (i% intombi,etc.) ; lapulana,

with So-and-so cattle (girls, etc.) are very
numerous, in heaps.

is-Aqate (Aqathe), n. = isi-Qate.

is-Aqu, a. Any hunting-song.

is-Arro, //. A loud, unanimous expression
of displeased surprise as by the inter-
jection hawu. See ukuti rro.

Ex. mus'ulcungiku&a ngesarro, don't he
reproving me with your loud bairu-'mg.

Ash' or Ashi, int. expressing very strong
disapproval, as at a false statement, or
to check a wrong action.

Ashila, int. There you've got it! Serves
you right! There's for you! -- as might
be said to a child who has cut itself after
being cautioned not to play with a knife,
or as a boy might shout out when throw-
ing his stick after a bird (this word is
the antithesis of nxepe) = ajila, ashu-
la, hash i I a.

is-Ashu, //. (N) u-Nqasha.

10 AY

Ashula, int. = ashila.

ulw-Asi, n. (C. N.) = u(lu)-Si.

Aso, poss. adj. Its - - used with nouns of
the 4th. cl. sing, when possessing things
of the 2nd. cl. plur. having the prefix
ama [Sw. Nya. Mo. aeho\.

Ex. ama-nzi aso (isitsha), its water (of
the vessel).

Ata (Atha), v. Divide down the middle,

as a hide (ace), loaf of bread, etc.
ulw-Avela, n. (C.N.) = ul-Ovela.

Awo, poss. adj. Its used with nouns

of the 5th. cl. sing, when possessing
things of the 2nd. cl. plur. having the
prefix ama; their — used with nouns of
the 2nd. cl. plur. when possessing things
of the same class [Sw. Ka. Kag. Her.
awo, its; Ni. Chw. ao; Her. Ang. MZT.
ao, their; Sw. Nya. ayo; Ga. ya. ago].

Ex. ama-qabi awo (umuti), its leaves (of
the tree).

ama-hashi awo (amakosi), their horses (of
the chiefs).

Awu, int. Oh! an exclamation, when

uttered soft, expressing agreeable sur-
prise, admiration, etc.; but when ex-
pressed hard, as Hawu, expressing the
surprise of dislike, disapproval, indig-
nation, etc.

Awus', defect, verb. Don't, refrain from,
desist from, must not — the original
root of this verb, along with that of
musa q. v., with which it is closely con-
nected, or is, may be, identical, had pro-
bably a meaning, like the present mean-
ing of yeka q. v. (with which it is even
still interchangeable) of positive-nega-
tive command. The word or particle
given above is used; though very rarely
(like musa and yeka) to forbid, or cause
desistance from an action, and is pro-
perly followed by the ini'in., uku [Sw.
is ha, leave off = yeka, Z.; Ga. deka!
stop! leave off!].

Ex. awus'ukusho njalo, you mustn't or
shouldn't say so = mushtkusho njalo, yeka
ukusho njalo.

(jijima, umbuyise; awus'ukuba aye lapo,
run and bring him hack; it must not be
that he goes there.

Ayi, int. of negation, expressing strong
dissent or denial; or of disapproval, in-
tended to reprove or check some action
or statement. See hayi; cp. ashi.

Ex. ayi! mus'iikakulmna a/manga, stop
that ! you mustn't get telling lies.

ayi bo! heigh! cease that!

ayi irena, 'mftmdisi! you mustn't 'mfu-
ndisi! (hibern.) — you are altogether too
tunny, too particular, etc.

AY

ayi Una wena! oh! dear me! with your
fun! (you are quite too funny).

ayi ngebeshu lake bo! oh! for hi* fine
after-covering (what a beautiful, or unusual
one it was).

Ayi-ke, (s. k.), int. commonly used as a
set-off or prefatory expletive in conver-
sation or narration, always standing at
the beginning of a sentence and used
to lower expectation, sober excitement,
etc., and may generally be rendered
into Eng. by such expressions as 'well!
very well! well and so!' etc.

Ex. ayi-ke! yvn\ani ngokubona kwenu,
very well! do as you find best,

ayi-ke! sat'uba sifike kona, sahumida ixi-
nkabi, well ! when we got there, we out-
spanned the oxen.

Ayo, 2)oss. adj. Its— used with nouns of
the 3rd. cl. sing, when possessing things
of the 2nd. cl. plur. having the prefix
ama; their— used with nouns of the
5th. cl. plur. when possessing things of
the 2nd cl. plur. [Sw. Ga. Cong. Her.
ayo, its; Sw. Sen. Ka. ayo, their; Cong.
amio; Her. avio],

Ex. ama-sondo ayo (inqola), its wheels (of
the wagon).

ama-qabi ayo (i/i/iti), their leaves (of the
trees).

is-Ayoyo, n. Young of man, animal, or
bird when just born. Cp. i(li)-Pupii.

Azana, v. Know one another; be familiarly
acquainted, intimate with a person (with
na); know each other's capabilities,
strength, etc.

Ex. akasiye owakiti, siy'axana naye nje,
he is not one of our family, he is merely
an acquaintance.

Phr. unyawo luyakukutwala, lukuyise lapo
ung'axani nomuntu, the foot will carry you
there where you know nobody, where you
will he a perfect stranger yourself— said to
reprove an inhospitable man.

Azeka (s. k.), v. Be or get known; be
knowable, ascertainable.

Ex. ixinkomo xake kax'axeki, libuningi

Ixr.o, his cattle are not knowable, are beyond
computation, as to their numbers.
Azela, v. Know a person (ace), etc., at.

Ex. ngim'axele emZimkulu, I have known
him at the Uniziinkulu.

Azelela, v. Have concern for, show con-
sideration for, notice kindly, as a person
/(ace.) ill; think to know a person's (ace.)
thoughts about any matter.

Ex. umuntu ohlupekayo kuhle ukum'axe-
lela, it is right to pay kindly attention to a
person in suffering.

11 AZ

amanga! mus'ukung'axelela, it is not so!
don't get thinking to know my business
for me.

icadindilixa nje, beng'axelele, he just laid
himself out to die, they paying do attention.

Azi, v. Know any thing or any person lace);

understand a thing; show a person (ace.)
the respect, sympathy, etc., t\wr to him,
as to one's superior, *>r a person in want
[O.Ir. fis, knowledge; Ga. manyi, know).

Ex. uku-x'axi, to be self-conceited, full of
the idea of one's own importance.

kam'axi umuntu ohlupekayo, he has no
understanding, shows no concern about a

person in suffering.

uyena ow'axiyo, it is he who knows all
about it.

abantu bayakohliswa, ngoba iniali besuke
bengay'axi, the Natives get cheated, because
they don't understand money-matters.

Phr. amanxi uyaw'axi kakulu, he knows
water-matters very well i.e. he is a good
swimmer.

angiy'axi imiti in/ho, 1 know nothing of
medicines, or about doctoring.

ng'uye, ini, umaxi wexabantu {ixindaba),
exake vimkohlile? is he the man then, who
knows all about other people's affairs, while
his own slip his memory? — as might be
said of a busy-body finding fault with the
affairs of another and implying that he
ought rather to look after his own.

is-Azi, n. One who knows a thing thor-
oughly, an expert.
ukw-Azi, n. Knowledge.

Azisa, v. Cause a person (ace.) to know,
acquaint; know a thing well or tho-
roughly; remember well, have vivid
recollections of anything (ace); think of
with admiration, as any object or person;
esteem, value, show due appreciation or
respect lor, as towards a parent (ace)
or for some present given to one; like,
be fond of, as meat (ace); treat a person
(ace), etc., kindly, with consideration;
know well generally; also idiomatically
as below.

Ex. ihashi lalowo'mlungu ngiyaVaxisa! I
have vivid recollections of that whiteman's
horse, I think of it with a very intimate
knowledge (for it once very nearly killed
me).

abelungu kabay'axisanga imali! the white
people didn't like money! i.e. they are
surprisingly fond of it.

abakwa'Zulu bayam'axisa umuntu omhlo-
pe, the people of Zululand have a great
respect for a white person.

Phr. angikayiqedi, kwaxis'ukuti ng'epuxa
ukufika, I have not yet finished it (the field),
it makes one remember (= you see; it was

AZ

because; it was on account of that) I arrived

late.
Icwaxise ukuba aku'silwane esilculu; isika-

sana nje, esingefinyefele 'ndawo, you see. it

is not a large animal (an animal of any

size); it is only a short crawling thing that

can get no distance.
Azisela, v. Notify, announce, give notice

to a person (ace.) beforehand.

Ex. wong'a : isela usuku, oxakuhamba ngalo,

yon must let me know the day upon which

you will be going.
Azisisa, v. Know a thing (ace.) perfectly,

exactly.

Ex. angilw'axisisi kahle usuku, I don't

know the day exactly, or for certain.

12 BA

is-Aziso, n. A making-known or announce-
ment ; hence, advertisement ; proclama-
tion (M).

Azo, poss. adj. Their—used with nouns
of the 3rd. 4th. and 6th. els. plur. when
possessing things of the 2nd. cl. plur.
having the prefix ama [for nouns of
3rd. cl. Sw. Ga. Her. Cong, azo, their;
Ka. Aug. ajo; for nouns of 4th. cl. MZT.
azio, their; Nya. afo; Cong, ayo; Sw.
avio; the 6th. cl. doesn't gen. exist in
other Bantu langs.].

Ex. ama-kanda axo (ixmtombi), then-
heads (of the girls).

B

\\ in Zulu has three different sounds— one,
a closed or inspirated b, pronounced by
torn pressing the lips aud then gently openiug
them with a slight holding of the breath, as
exemplified in the Eng. word cab, and in the
Zulu words beka (put), bona (see), aud des-
cribed in this work by the simple sign b.

Another kiud is the open, or slightly aspi-
rated b, i this is the ordinary b of English), as
in the word boar, or the second syllable of the
Zulu word i-mBhobo (hole).

A third variety is the exploded, or strongly
aspirated b, identical with the bit in the English
word eab-horse (when united in one sound,
thus ea-bkwse), and exemplified in the Zulu
words bhelca (look) and um-Bhobho (tube).

These last two, a.s aspirated varieties, are
both described in this work by the sign bh;
the difference between the two kinds being
sufficiently marked by the fact that the softer
or slightly aspirated form occurs only after an
m, where that letter immediately precedes it
and in the same syllable; the exploded b, on
the other hand, standing generally alone and
at the commencement of a syllable.

The slight difference between these various
sounds is not easily recognisable to untrained
ears, so that in consequence we find both
Natives and Europeans making many ortho-
graphical mistakes. Thus, the river or place
in Natal called by the Natives iXobho has
been by the Whitepeople erroneously named
iXopo. Similarly, the English word borer be-
comes to the Zulu i-bhola (this is the exploded
I', the Zulu language not permitting the use
of the merely open b — winch would be the
correct sound- except after the prefix i-m).
Again, the English /> is not easily distinguished
by the Natives, especially when it comes at

the end of a word. Hence we find the Eng.
word shop becomes in Zulu i-shabhu.

Ba, v. Be [Skr. bhu, be or become; Ar.
ba'a, be; Gr. bios, life; Ger. bin; Sw.
Bo. and most Centr. Air. langs. wa; Ka.
uka; Kam. kwia; Ku. kala; Ru. ji; Gu.
Ga. Kus. Nywe li; Hinz. ka; Ma. Hu.
iagu; Her. ri\.

Ex. ngikunike nje, kunge yami nokuba
yami? that I should just give you. it not
being mine at all, or not being really mine?

akwaba bayakunqunywa la bo dbanyakaxi-
sago! would that they might be executed
(hanged), those who are causing the agita-
tion! (N).

Ba, ukuti (Bha, ukuthi), v. Lie clear and
open, as the flat, treeless veldt, a cloud-
less sky, or a plain fact = ukuti mba
[Lat. pateo, I lie open ; Ar. ban, to be
clear].

kwa'Ba (Bha; s. k.), n. Country open and
flat, where all is plainly visib\e~i(li)-Ceke.

ubu-Ba (Bha), n. Utter bareness, as of a
tree-less plain; utter destitution, as of a
poverty-stricken man; absolute devasta-
tion, as of a country after a war or
visitation by locusts.

Ba (uku-), v. = eba.

ukG-Ba (ukuu-Ba, s.k.),v. To steal; n.
Stealing = ukw-Eba.

Ba, pers. pron. They (nom.); them (ace.)
- used with nouns of the 1st. cl., 3rd.
pers. plur. [Ga. MZT. Chw. etc. ba; Cong.
be; Her. ve; Sw. Nya. Ya. toa\.

u-Ba' (abbrev. of u-Bani), interr. pron.
Who V whom ?

Ex. kwasho'ba? who said so?

•

BA

u-Baba, n. My or our father (nearly
always used without any poss. pron.) ;
my nr our father-in-law (whether hus-
band's or wife's father); my or our
itrBabekasi q. v., of any description,
male or female; used out of respect to
a chief or person of consequence; also
by a servant to his master ; or by a
woman when courteously addressing a
man ; or to a boy by way of coaxing
[Skr. lata, father; pa, protect, nourish;
Hi. dada; Chal. abba; Ar. 'ab; Sw. Su.
ete. baba; Mamb. papa; Sa. ha ; Aug.
MZT. tata; Her. tate; Mon. f'aa; Ak.
a fa; Lur. jam,; Di. wo; (cp. Xo. bawo);
Bo. baba, grandfather; Ha. baba, chief,
man of consequence].

Ex. awu, 'baba! 6hJ father! — equivalent
to the common Eug. expression 'oh! mother,'
and used by males, in a sportive way, to
express some slight laughable surprise.

B5ba, ukuti (Shaba, ukuthi), v. = babaza
(bhabaza).

Baba (pass. Batshwa), v. Be disagreeably
strong (in various ways) to the taste ;
hence, be bitter, as aloes; be acrid, as
tincture of iron, or the fruit of the arum-
lily ; be very salty, as brine, or sea-water;
lie very sour, as yeast; be very acid, as
vinegar; be pungent, sharp, 'strong,' as
highly fermented beer, or soda-water ;
be pricking, stinging, itching, irritating
to wie'skin, as a nettle; or, metaphor.
to the heart, as a tantalising object or
anything strongly exciting. See isi-Ha-
hadolo; isi-Halamahogo. [Bo ivawa,
smart; Her. ruru, bitter].

Ex. buyababa lobit'butsliwala, this beer is
strong, puugent (with carbonic-acid gas).

ubatshwe ugwayi, (or ulaka, or ukukuluma),
he is made to itch by snuff (i. e. by the
strong desire for it), or by anger (burning
within him and wanting to be let off), or
by speech (i. e. by the desire to make known
what is mentally irritating him).

Baba (Bhabha), v. Catch, as a bird (ace.)
y^oy a trap or entanglement; hold fast or
f firmly, as deep mud might an ox or
wagon that has sunk therein— this word
is rarely used in the active form, being
nearly always transposed into the passive
form bajwa; also = babaza (bhabhaza).

Ex. kwaqala fewabajwa mkabi, maitje ku-
bajiwe inqola, first the oxen got stogged,
now the wagon is stuck.

P. knbajw'eshoshayo (iiiyoni), it is the one
(bird) that hops about the ground that gets
caught in the trap (not the one flying in
the air)— implying that it is dangerous to be
always going about here and there, instead

13 BA

of staying at home; accidents air mostly in

the travelling.

i(li)-Baba (Bhabha), />. An isibongo or
nickname for a fiery-tempered, spirited

young-man, to whom also tli«' longer
form, VrMababakazana, mighl be given.

i-mBaba (Bhaba),n. — only used adver-
bially in the form ngembaba, to express
'openly, outright, clearly,' as of one's
talk, evidence, confession, etc.

Ex. indaba wayisho (or wayibeka) ngem-
baba, he stated (or placed out) the affair
openly (without any mere hinting, attempts
at concealment, etc).

i-mBaba (Bhaaba), n. Unsound, badly-
shaped pumpkin, generally discarded on
the field (= i-nGxwele); hyaena (— i-m-
Pisi).

um-Baba, n. 5. Wild-chestnut tree (Calo-
dendron Capense) (N. fr. Xo.).

uku-Baba, n. Strongness; bitterness; sour-
ness; acidity; pungency; itchiness, etc.
See baba.

u(lu)-Babadhlolo (Bhabhadhlolo), n. Tall,
sturdy, well-built young-man. Cp. i(li)-
Jaha.

Babagogo, int. = babashane.

u-Babakazi (s.k.),n. = uBabekazi.

Babala, v. Conie or go anywhere in regard
to or about any particular matter (ace.)
or to any particular person (used in
pert'.); set off, start suddenly doing or
saying anything ; provoke a person (ace),
as to quarrel or fight ( == qala).

Ex. kitkona umimtu onyasitk'ebabala in-
koino, itvminituir.i cnycko nal is there any
body who can get to come about a beast,
while the kraal-head is absent?

nyibabcle uBani, I have come to, for, or
about So-and-so.

wababala wanyishaya, lie just started off
thrashing me (without any warning or pro-
vocation).
i-mBabala (Bhabala), n. Bush-buck (Anti-
lope sylvatica), male or female; (N) fe-
male only of same. Cp. u-Nkonka. [Ya.
mbavala].
Babalala, ukuti (Bhdbhalala, ukuthi), v.
Lie or fall sprawling, sprawl flat out on
the belly or breadth of the body, as a
child falling, or a woman lying on her
belly, or an old hut falling down in a
'squat' manner babalala.

Babalala, (Bhdbhalala), v. = ukuti baba-
lala (used in pert'.).

um-Babalala (Bhdbhalala), n. 5. = urn-
Dhlekedhle.

BA

/

Bahama (Bhabhama), v. Flap out the
wings, as a bird when caught in a trap;
fling about the arms, as a man wildly
gesticulating; pounce or spring at a
tiling (ace with ela form), as a cat at
a mouse (cp. badama).

u-Babamkulu (Babamkhulu), >/. My or
our grandfather, <>r grandfather's sister
or brother (i.e. great uncle). Cp. u-Ma-
memkulu,

u-Babana, n. Step-father (the title being
somewhat contemptuous, is not liked).
Cp. iirWawa.

isi or um-Babane, n. 5. Any bitter, sour,
sharp-tasted, stinging thing = i(U)-Hla-
hn, isi-Hahadolo.

Babashane, int. Dear me! oh my! - as
when a fatigued person sits down for a
rest, or when one expresses, in a spor-
tive way, astonishment at some tale or
action of another (mostly used by males)
= Babagogo. Cp. mameshane.

Babaza, v. Express astonishment at any
thing (;nv.), whether of displeasure or
admiration ; hence, speak with praise or
admiration of a person (ace.) or thing,
as to its astonishing excellence, etc.; be
surprised at the astonishly bad doings
(ace.), etc of a person or the bad qua-
lities of a thing; have a very handsome
appearance, whether by natural physique
or get up. Cp. mangala; bonga.

Babaza (Bhabaza), v. Squelch, make a
squelching sound, as a frog when thrown
on the ground, or as the person throw-
ing it (ace.) = ukuti baba (bhaba).

Babaza (Bhabhaza), v. Bubble, babble, as
the water of a brook among the rocks.

i-mBabazane (Bhabazane), n. Stinging-
nettle, used medicinally to induce sexual
irritation (cp. h-mBati); regiment of girls
preceding the i-nZaiuu, and the last
formed by Shaka.

um-Babazo, n. Any foppish peculiarity of
dress to attract admiration, as a long
i(li)-Beshu.

Babe, ukuti (Ilhabe, ukuthi), v. Come
down upon in a thickly-covering, encom-
passing mass, as locusts swarming down
in a field, a lot of people crowding over
a fibre, or as an outbreak of disease
universally attacking a kraal.

Ex. sekute babe ixinyoni entsimini, it is
DOW thickly covered with birds in the field.

i(li)-Babe, or Babe (Baabe), n. Discoloured
spot or patch on the skin, where a son1
or burn lias originally been.

u(lu)-Babe, ».. Name of two varieties of
long broad-leafed grass (Panicum excur-

14 BA

reus etc.), common around bushes and
by rivers, and one of which is much
liked by cattle.

u-Babekazi (s.k.),n. Any brother or half-
brother of my or our father, i. e. pater-
nal uncle (cp. u-Malume) ; any sister or
half-sister of my or our father, i. e.
paternal aunt (cp. u-Mamekazi) ; any
um-Zala (male or female) of my or our
father.

Babela, v. Burn off a patch of grass sur-
rounding a kraal (ace), in order to pro-
tect it from grass-fires.

Babo (with both sylls. equally long), int.
expressing grief, disdainful surprise, etc.

Ex. we! babo! ngomntanami! oh! dear
me! for my child! — said by a woman
wailing.

Babo, poss. adj. Their — of nouns of the
1st. cl. plur. — see abo.

um-Babo, n. 5. Rope-like stuffing of grass,
etc., that forms the body of a Native
basket, and around which the palm-strips
are twisted ; one of the outside wattles
in the frame-work of a hut crossing dia-
gonally over those on the inside = urn-
Qolo.

isi-Babule, n. One of a section of the
u-Tulwana regiment; (C.N.) sulphur.

Baca, ukuti (Bhuca, ukuthi), v. Lie 'splash'
out, flatly and softly extended, spraw-
ling, as a lump of wet mud thrown on
a wall, or a person falling or lying
stretched out on his stomach, or a wet
garment thrown 'spreadingly' out on
the grass to dry == bacazeka; make so
lie, i. e. throw, let fall, etc., as a lump of
wet mud (ace.) on to a wall (loc.) or a
spoonful of porridge on to the floor =
bacaza; slush at, splash, bespatter, as a
wall (ace.) with mud, or metaphor, a
person with foul charges = baceka. Cp.
ukuti pahla, ukuti taca.

Baca (Bhaca), v. Hide oneself, as in the
grass (= casha); cling to a person (with
ku) unwanted, stick to him like some-
thing undesired; betake oneself else-
where for refuge, for tiding over a
famine, for avoiding one's creditors, etc. ;
waste time, laze about, as a boy who,
sent on a message, just comes and idles
about, or a woman who going out to
hoe, on arrival in the field, merely sits
about snuffing [Ar dara, conceal; Her.
tara, hide oneself].

i(li)-Baca (Bhaca),n. One who habitually
acts as above, in any sense; one of the
Baca tribe, now mostly about the Umzi-
mkulu and St. John's River.

BA 15

u(lu)-Baca (Bhnca), n. Person habitually
lying 'sprawled' out; lionee, one abso-
lutely without strength, as whoa in the
last stages of illness; one chronically
sick, a confirmed invalid. Cp. um-Cam-
bayiya.

Bacalala, ukuti (Bhdcalala, ukutki), r.

— ukuti baca.
Bacalala (Bhacalala), v, = ukuti baca.
i-mBacambaca (Bhaeambhaca), n. Any

soft, semi-liquid, slushy substance, as

umd = i-nTacantaca.

Bacaza (Bhacaza), v. Make anything of
a soft, semi-liquid nature lie out ex-
panded, splash-wise, as porridge (ace.)
or mud by throwing it or letting it fall
= ukuti baca.

Bacazela (Bhacazela), v. Splash or slush
anything, as a wall, table, or person
(ace.), with anything (with nga) of a soft
semi-liquid nature, as above = baceka.

Baceka (Bhaceka), ?'. 'Slush,' splash, be-
spatter a thing (ace.) with any softly
expanding, semi-liquid substance (with
nga), as when throwing mud on a wall
when plastering it, or letting cow-dung
or porridge fall about the table or floor;
bespatter a person (ace.) as to his cha-
racter by making foul charges against
him ; begin to show cobs, as mealies
(= cashela) = taceka.

i(li)-Baceka (Bhaceka), n. Very small girl's-
umutsha, having a mere apology for an
isi-gege or front-piece and a very narrow
loin-band of beadwork.

Bacekeka (Bhacekeka), v. Get so slushed,
splashed, or bespattered, as above.

Bada bada, ukuti (Bhada bhdda, ukuthi),
v. Stagger about, be unsteady on one's
legs'," as a person intoxicated or wading
through slippery mud ; walk with a
staggering, unsteady gait, as a traveller
thoroughly exhausted; do anything (pro-
perly with the feet) in a clumsy manner
(cp. pamazela); flounder helplessly
about in one's talk, as a person quib-
bling or giving concocted evidence (=
manaza) = badaza, badazela [Sw. Ga.
bata, duck; Her. taka, waddle].

i(li)-Badabada (Bhddabhada), n. A clumsy,
awkward person (properly on the feet,
though also freq. used in a general
sense). Cp. i(li)-Pamapama.

u-Badakazi (Bhadakazi), n. Profound
sleep — only used in the phrase kivesi-
ka'badakazi. (isikati), at the time of
deep sleep i. e. about midnight.

i(li)-Badakezi (Bhadakezi), n. Big, broad,
flat foot.

BA

Badalala, ukuti (Bhddalala, ukuthi), v.

Lie sprawling or at full length on tin-
ground, as a drunken man, or an ox in
the mud ukuti patalala.

Badalala (Bhadalala), v. ukuti badalala.

Badama (Bhadama), v. Come down upon
suddenly or by sin-prise, pounce upon
unexpectedly (not necessarily with any
springing of the body, merely by sud-
denly appearing over), as a highway-
man suddenly coming down upon a
person (ace.) he has been belaying, or a
thief taken in the act, or as a cat sur-
prises a mouse. Cp. babamela.

Ex. w'etuka, ipoyiso. selimbademe, Ik- start-
ed to i i till the policeman already upon him.

u(lu)-Badane (Bhadane), n. General out-
break or epidemic of disease.

Badaza (Bhadaza), v. = ukuti bada bada.

Badazela (Bhadazela), v. Go along in a
staggering, unsteady, clumsy, flounder-
ing manner, as when walking or talking
= ukuti bada bada.

isi-Badazi (Bhadazi), n. Any person or
thing unduly 'squat,' low and broad, as
a short thick-set woman, a broad low
hut, or squat beer-vessel.

i(li)-Bade (Shade), n. Certain veldt-herb,
the white under-skin of whose leaves
used to be stripped off for fringes and
body-ornaments.

Badeka (Bhadeka), v. Roast by burning,
by putting right into the fire, as boys
meat (ace); over-roast, burn, asamealie-
cob (which should be placed near, not
in the fire).

Ex. uku-xi-badeka emlilweni, to roast one-
self over the fire i. e. sit very close over it.

u(lu)- Badeka (Bhadeka), n. South-African
leprosy (N) = u(lu)-Qoko.

N.B. Leprosy seems to be quite unknown
in Zululaud, and no uame exists for it.
See i(li)-Ndiki.

Badhla, ukuti (Bhadhla, ukuthi), v. Place
or throw carelessly down in a broad
expanded heap, as one might his blanket
(ace); place or throw oneself flat down
on the buttocks, squat down, as a Native
woman = badhlaza; lie or get so placed
or squatted down = Badhlazeka.

Badhla (Bhadhla), v. Boil in a bubbling,
spluttering manner, as any thickened
semi-liquid food like porridge ( =xwata.
Cp. bila; budhluzela; xapazela); stow
away, pack away into, as goods (ace.),
grain, etc. into any basket (with nga)
or other receptacle (= jm/tta).

Badhlaza (Bhadhlaza), v. = ukuti badhla.

BA

16

BA

Badhlazeka (Bhadhlazeha), v. — ukuti ba-
rf hi a.

Badhlu, ukuti (Bhadhlu, ukuthi), v. Break
open into broad sores, or become marked
with extensive open wounds from burn-
ing, etc., as a person's body; become
'all holes' i. r. with staring open spaces
(not mere tears), as a person's garment
= badhluka, cp. camuka; make become
as above = badhlula, badhluza; cp. ca-
nt US 1 1 .

isi-Badhlu (Bhadhlu), n. Broad open sore,
as from a burn; broad staring hole, as
in a blanket.

Badhluka (Bhadhluha), v. = ukuti badhlu.

Badhlula or Badhluza (Bhadhlula, Bha-
dhluza), v. = ukuti. badhlu.

i(li), or isi-Badu (Bhadu), n. Large-sized
spot, as below = i(li)-Gqaba.

Badu badu, ukuti (Bhadu bhadu, ukuthi),
v. Be dotted or marked with large-sized
spots, as a pig, leopard, cloth, etc. = ba-
duzeka; put on, or mark with such
spots = baduza. See ukuti gqaba gqa-
ba. Cp. ukuti kifi kifi.

Badula (Bhadula), v. Tramp along a great
distance over the country (ace. — lit.
spot it all over with footmarks); bar,
as the doorway of a hut (ace.) by a
thick cross-bar (see u-Nobadule).

u-Badule (Bhadule), n. used only in a
jocular sense as personification of a
tramp's feet.

Phr. uyahamba, 'Badule ka'Lunyatvo f thou
goest well, good feet of mine!

Baduza (Bhaduza), v. = ukuti badu badu.

Baduzeka (Bhaduzeka), v. = ukuti badu

badu.
u-Bafazini, n. Hen-pecked husband, or one

mastered by his wives (= u-Vumokwe-

nina); or an 'old woman' of a man,

always with his wives.

Baha (Bhaha), v. Rave, as an angry man
at a person (ace. with ela form); rage,
as sickness or famine.

isi-Baha (Bhaha), n. Fever-tree, whose
very hot and pepper-liked root-bark is
used for malarial fever and as an ex-
pectorant.

i(li)-Bahu (Bhahu), n. New skin-petticoat
or kilt of a woman before it has been
blackened for wearing. Cp. isi-Dwaba.

isi-Bahu (Bhahu), n. Angry, absolute per-
son, who domineers over all.

Baka (s. Jr.), v. Rage, be furiously active,
as an epidemic of disease, a great grass-
fire, <>r a person giving full play to some
passion or evil propensity.

Ex. uBani ubake ngokweba (or ubakile
ekwebeni), So-and-so is going at it strong
with his thieving.
i(li)-Baka (Bhaha), n. Veldt-pond (=i(li)-
Cibi, i(li)-Damu) ; pi. ama-Baka, great
abundance, 'ponds-fuP of u-tshwala (=
ama-Damu).

Ex. kwaku amabaka nje, it was just ponds
(of beer), we were just swimming in it.

Baka baka, ukuti (ukuthi, s. k.), v. = ba-
kaza.

i(li)-Bakabaka (s.k.),n. Person with rest-
less eyes, as though of a timorous,
suspiciously cunning nature (see baka-
za); fine-looking person, of attractive
appearance, male or female.

isi-Bakabaka (Bhakabhaka), n. Great ex-
panse of water, as from a river that has
over-flown its banks; a flood.

um-Bakabaka (s. k.), n. 5. = um-Gembele-
zane.

i(li)-Bakabolo (Bhakabholo), n. = i(li)-Pa-
kapolo.

isi-Bakabu, n. Large wound (C.N.).

i(li)-Bakada (Bhakada), n. Female of the
Large Kafir Finch or i(li)-Sakabidi q. v.

Bakaza (s. k.), v. Look, or move the eyes,
restlessly or rapidly about, from place
to place, in a timorous, shy, suspicious,
or cunning manner, as one of a nervous
temperament, with a guilty conscience,
or some dishonest intention = laziza,
ukuti baka baka. Cp. sholoza; nciya-
nciya.

Bake (Bakhe), poss. adj. His, her, its
used with nouns of the 1st. cl. — see ake.

Bakela (Bhakela), v. Beat a person (ace.)
writh the fists, punch [fr. vulgar Eng.
word].

isi- Bakela (Bhakela), n. = u(lu)-Gwibi-
sholo; also (fr. verb above), clenched fist ;
punch or blow with the fist; short,
scrubby top-knot of a woman.

Bako (Bakho), jjoss. adj. Thy — used of
2nd. pers. sing, with nouns of 1st. cl.
plur. — see ako.

i(li)-Bakuba (Bhakubha), n. = i(li)-Papu.

Baku baku, ukuti (ukuthi, s. k.), v. = ba-
kuza (s. k.).

Baku baku, ukuti (Bhahu bhahu, ukuthi), v.
= bakuza (bhakuza).

u(lu)-Bakubaku (Bhakubhaku), n. Interior
'fluttering', nervous agitation, timidity.
See papateka.

Bakuza (s. k.), v. Do nimbly, with quick
active motion, as when walking over
sharp stones, or a waiter sharply fetching

BA

something; phew or cat with a quick
nimble movement of the mouth, mumble,

as a rabbit or old person without teeth
(cp. mwmuta.)

Bakuza (Bhakuza), v. Flap or flutter about,
as the wings of a bird when caught, or
a flag in the wind = gubaza.

Bakuzela (Bhakuzela), v. Flutter at the
diaphragm i. e. palpitate, as a man after
rapid running; flutter or be flurried with
timidity.

Bajaza (Bhajaza), v. Look in the eyes as
.- though conscious of guilt. Cp. bakaza;
nyeza.

Bala, adv. A fact! actually, so then, really,
indeed, etc. - expressing surprise with
doubt, surprise with admission (= mba-
/</, imbala, nembala); adj. a mere (one),
a single (one) \xr-n. in a disparaging-

sense (= nibala) [Sw. ivazi, clear. Cp.
Sw. waza, count = Z. bala\.

Ex. halo! kwaxa kwalunga, actually, it got
to come right !
angina'mwitUf ngisho nomfana lo obala,

I have nobody, not even a single boy.

Bala,/'. Count, as cattle (ace); go over,
one by one; calculate, as the effects of
an action. [Skr. bhajami, I allot; Ar.
manah, reckon; Sw. waza; Her. vara;
Bo. tala; Ga. gat a].

Ex. kakubali konke lo/cv, he doesn't take
all that into account.

Bala (Bhala), v. Make scratched figures or
delineations on anything (ace.) with the
nails or a pointed instrument (= hweba);
hence, write (M), as a letter (ace); write
down, register, enter, as a person (ace.)
or thing.

Phr. uBaiti ttbaliwr, So-and-so has been
written down i.e. enrolled or called out to
work on a road-party.

i(li)-Bala, n. Spot, of any kind, as on a
leopard's skin, on a dress, on the veldt
where grass has been cleared away ; an
open-space, court-yard, as outside a kraal
(= i(li)-Gceke); spot specially cleared in
a field for the temporary stacking of
Kafir-corn when cut; distinguishing co-
lour-mark or pattern, of cattle, all of
which marks have separate names -- see
lung a, wasa, etc.

i-mBala (Bhala), n. = i-mBali.

um-Bala, n.5. Colour, as of any thing; shin-
bone, tibia [MZT. mu-bala, colour; Her.
otyi-vara; Cp. Her. oku-vara = Z. uku-
bala; Sw. bay a, scraggy].

Phr. uku-ba nembala <>r nemibala, to have
thin scraggy legs, without calves.
sengiy'inkomo enombala, I am now become

17 BA

a 'spotted' beast in the land i. e. disagree-
ably famous in some bad sense — as the
lather of a young-man whoso crimes are the
talk of the country.

(itmitniu) o'mbtUa kahili, one who is of
two colours, i.e. double-faced, craftily joining
either side as circumstances require, a- ;i
man who sometimes pretends to be a Chris-
tian and at other times a heathen. Cp.
u(lu)-Dimi.

u(lu)-Bala, n. Open, empty country or
spot, clear of trees and other objects, or
unoccupied by people (= u(lu)-Qangqa-
lazi; cp. i(li)-Ceke; i(li)-Gceke); hence,
an empty, useless thing, a nothing;
empty1 stuff, as talk (= i(U)-Ze); used
adverbially as ubala, to express 'vainly,
for nothing', or as ngobala, in a similar
sense (= ngeze); loc. obala, in the open,
in the open country; hence, plain, visible
to all (with ku) [Ar. khala, open coun-
try ; Sw. wanda].

Ex. uyakulumela {sebenxda, etc.) ubala nje,
he is merely talking (working etc.) tor tbe
air, for nothing, to no purpose.

amaxwi ako as' obala, your words are out
in the open, obvious, perfectly plain.

wma-.i wakubo us'obala k/ti, their kraal is
clearly visible from our place.

ixinkomo kona umuntu axitole ubala nje,
there a person just finds cattle in the open
i. e. without even having to look for them,
without any exertion.

i-mBalakabili (Bhalakabili), n. One who
shows two colours, a trimmer see

um-Bala.

Balakaca (Bhalakaca), v. = balakaxa.

Balakaca, ukuti (Bhalakaca, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti balakaxa.

Balakaxa, ukuti (Bhdlakaxa, ukuthi), v.
Fling down in a flat-falling, flopping,
sprawling way, as a wet hide (ace.), or
anything of a similarly soft nature =
balakaxa; get so flung flatly or flop
down; get thrown, or lie, sprawling, as
a man in the ground = balakaxeka. See
ukuti dalakaxa.

Balakaxa (Bhalakaxa), v. = ukuti balakaxa.

i(li)-Balakaxa (Bhalakaxa), n. Big, clumsy,
'sprawling' foot or hand; large clunisy
boot. Cp. i(li)-Baxakezi.

Balakaxeka (Bhalakaxeka), v. = ukuti ba-
lakaxa.

isi-Balala (Bhala la), n. Woollen blanket
having coloured stripes on one side but
plain brown on the other (X. fr. Xo.).

Baleka (s. k.), v. Bun away, openly or
known to others; escape, flee openly.
Cp. eqa.

•>

BA

18

BA

P. latbaleka ehlatshicayo (inkomo), it is the
ox that i- gored or stuck that runs away,
/. e. do thou likewise and clear, since the
abaiakati have already given you evidence
of their presence (perhaps by the death of
some person).

Balekela (s. k.), r. Run off or away to a
person or place (with ku or loc); run
away from a person or thing (ace); run
away after or for a thing (ace), whether
actually, or mentally (metaphor.) as when
drawn or made to run off towards any
particularly attractive article among a
selection; make straight for a certain
spot aimed at, as an assegai.

Balela, v. Recount or enumerate for a
person the details of an affair (doub.
ace.); shine brightly or hotly, as the sun
(used iu perf.) [Lat. caleo, I glow].

Ex. libalele narnhla (Manga), it (the sun)
is hot to-day.

libaleli isango, or elenkunxi, etc., it is
>hiniug with a stifliug glare, or with a bull
of a sun (i. p. tremendously hot), and so on.

um- Balela, u. 5. (N) = u-Xyezi.

um-Bali (Bhali), n.l. Writer; clerk (chief-
ly that in a magistrate's office).

i-mBali (Bhali), n. Peculiar skin-spot caus-
eci in numbers on the legs of Natives
from 'scorching' themselves i. e. sitting
too close over a fire (= i-mBala); flower,
blossom, of a plant or tree (cp. i-mPo-
Lire); pretty -featured person, male or fe-
male (= u(lu)-Baqa, um-Ceko) [Lat. flos,
flower; Ar. fattah, to bloom; A. Sax.
lil os in, flower; Her. o-ngara].

Ex. ukahlela imbali enjani? what kind
of a flower liiis it (the plant)?

isi-Bali.n. Flower of the pumpkin plant
= isi-Gtve.

Balisa, v. Recount, relate to a person all
the details of a case (doub. ace); go
over within oneself, consider successive-
ly all the many points of an affair, as
a sorrowful person thinking over to
himself all his troubles (ace) ; turn over
thoughtfully in one's mind, as an affair
(with nga) about which there is some
doubtfulness (cp. ngabaza).

Balo, jjoss. a<lj. Its used with nouns
of the 2nd. el. si n^r. - see alo.

isi-Balo (Bhalo), n. Work-party, called out
by a chief for doing Government works,
mainly road-work; such a road-party.

isi-Balo, //. Cypher, figure, in arithmetic (M ).

um-Balo (Jihalo),n.5. = um-Cwangubane;

also (M) a writing, document; plur. imi-

Balo, the Scriptures,
um, or u(lu)-Balu (Bhalu), n. 5. = um-Gede.

i-mBaluko (Bhaluko), n. Bag or long pouch,
for carrying the snuff-box, etc., and made
of the skin of an unborn calf (N).

Bamazela (Bhamazela), v. = pamazela.

i(li)-Bamazi (Bhamazi), n. = i(li)-Bamuza.

Bamba (Bambha), v. Catch, as a person
(ace) pursued; grasp, lay hold of, as
the horns of an ox; get hold of, as a
fish with the line; grasp with the in-
tellect or memory, as an explanation of
anything; keep, as a law; keep hold of,
as a thing placed in the hands; keep
back, hinder, delay, as a person from
action; catch, discover, as a thief in the
act of stealing; lay hold of for carnal
purposes, rape (actually, or only with
such intention), as a girl; catch the
throat, stick in it, as distasteful food
that won't go down ; engage in battle or
close fight (more freq. bambana) ; take
up for a time, a particular job (only
used in certain connections) [Skr. bandh,
bind; Ga. baka, catch; Sw. kamata;
Her. kambura].

Phr. uku-bamba ong'exemtsi {urrdomo), to

lay hold of the lower lip, as a Native does
when amazed = to be overcome with per-
plexity, not know what to do, what course
to take.

uku-bamba ongas'entla (umlomo), to lay
hold of the upper lip = to feel the heart
lighten, be filled with a little hope, feel less
seriously, as after grievous excitement, sor-
row, etc.

uku-bamba itoho, to take up togt work
i. e. work for daily payment.

uku-bamba umlomo, to hold the mouth
i. p. to be overcome with amazement, as be-
fore anything wonderful, calamitous, etc.

uku-bamba indhlela, to take hold of the
path i. c. to address oneself to one's journey,
go on one's way.

uku-bamba v.ulu, to grasp at the sky i.e.
be unduly ambitious, seek what is altogether
beyond one.

uku-m-bamba isamulcu (umu/tfu), to stifle,
smother one.

uku-bamba umkono otile, to take, this or
that arm (i. c. hand) = to go to right or left.

uku-bamba umtondo, to catch hold of the
penis i. r. to become effectively covered, con-
ceive, as a cow.

uku-bamba ivmximba, to lay hold of the
body *". r. begin to put on flesh, as after
sickness.

uku-xi-bamba, to hold i. e. restrain oneself,
exercise moderation or temperance.

u- Bamba (Bambha), n. A stage made of
sticks or branches placed crosswise upon
stakes and used for stacking something
(as Kafir-corn) upon, or to act as the

BA 19

floor of a watch-hut or a corn-crib; (N)
one of the cross-beams or rafters of a
Native hut, going from side, not from
fore to aft (= um-Shayo. Cp. um-Ja-
njato).

i(li)-Bamba (Bain him), n. Canine-tooth, of
dog, etc. (C. N.) ; also (C. N.) = isi-Fociya.
Ex. i ha in hi i loldixibopa isisu, a belt to
hind herself round the helly — a name given
O a bullock presented to a hride's mother
(C. N.) — umu-Mba.

isi-Bamba (Bambha), n. = isi-Fociya.

Bambabula (Bhambhabula), v. Deal a blow-
on the body of a person (aee.) with the
length of some supple instrument, shara-
bok, or switch, such as would leave a
mark = tentebula. Cp. taxabula.

Bambala v. (C.N.) = bambelela.

Bambalala v. Neglect, disregard, as a child
its parents (C.N. - see bembesela; ta-
lasa); also (C.N.) = babalala.

Bambalala, ukuti (Bhdmbhalala, ukuti), v.
= ukuti ja.

isi, or u(lu)- Bambalala (Bhambhalala), n.
Any long body lying extended on the
ground, as a long stick, post, etc.

Bambalaza (Bhambhalaza), v. = ukuti j a.

Bambalazi, ukuti (Bhdmbhalazi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti ja.

Bambana (Bambhana), v. Catch hold of,
grasp one another; grapple, wrestle;
engage one another in argument or
dispute.

Ex. asibambane, let's have a wrestle.

Phr. uku-bambana ngexandhla, to shake
hands. ■-■-

isi-Bambane (Bhambhane), n. Thick, dense,
closely-packed together cluster or accu-
mulation of several separate objects, as
of huts in a kraal, kraals in any parti-
cular spot, or stripe alongside stripe (as
of a whipping) on a person's body =
isi-Dhlavela, isi-Xakaxolo, isi-Dhlidhli.
Cp. um-Hlohlelekwana.

um-Bambangwe (Bambhangwe), n. 5. Cer-
tain thorny bush; hence, Mauritius Thorn,
called after it. Cp. u-Sondelangange.

i(li)-Bambasisu (Bambhasisu), n. (C. N.) =

isi-Focii/a.

Bambata (Bhambhatha), v. Pat with the
hand, as a dog (ace). Cp. pulula.

um-Bambato (Bhambhatho), n. 5. = um-
Janjato.

i(li)-Bambazi (Bambhazi), n. Species of
red-bellied Iguana, of greater length than
the isi-Quzi and very destructive to
pumpkin-fields.

Bambeka (Bambheka), v. Be catchable,

BA

holdable, graspable to the mind; get de-
tained; have a hitch or difficulty in one's
speech; get hitched, as work or machi-
nery.

Ex. ngisabcvmbekik lapa, 1 am just de-
tained here (at some work J cannot leave).

alibambeki leli'xembe, this hatchet doesn't
easily get held, is awkward.

Bambela (Bambhela), v. Hold, or catch
something for a person (doub. ace.); act
as substitute for another (ace.) at some
work (with ku or loc.); take a turn, as
at any work; reach as far as.

Ex. imti angimbambele usuku lube lunye,

he said, might I hold on for him {i.e. take
his place; for a day.

iiyiyakukubambela leh'xwi, I shall take
care of that word for you = I shall not
forget it, shall pay you out for it some-day.

Phr. uku-bambeVixandhla ekanda, to hold \^
the hands to the head, i. r to wail or per- s\
form the isi-Lilo custom, as women do.

im-Bambela (Bhambhela), n. = i-nGwane.

Bambelela (Bambhelela), v. Lean forward
in a kneeling posture with the palms of
both hands on the ground; also = ba-
mbela. _^t K t* ^ •

i-mBambelela (Bhambhelela), n. = isi-
Bambezelo.

Bambezela (Bambhezela), v. Detain, delay,
as a person (ace.); continue holding tight-
ly, as on to anything (with ku); hold
on, keep on, as at any work [Ka. ba-
ndizira],

i-mBambezela (Bhambhezela), n. = i-

n Gwane.
isi-Bambezelo (Bambhezelo), v. Cause of

detention.

Bambisa (Bambhisa), v. Cause or help
one (ace.) to hold on at any work i. e.
give him a hand or keep him company
thereat (with ku).

isi-Bambo (Bambho), n. Blacksmith's vice

(M).
u(lu)-Bambo (Bambho), n. Rib, of man or

beast ; face-scraper, made of rib-bone (=

u-Pepeta) [Sw. ubavu; Ka. Bo. lu-bavu;

Her. oru-pati].

Phr. yck'ubambo Iwenkabi Iwadhlelwa e-
ndhlwaneni! alas! for the rib of au ox (a
prime part of the beast) eaten in a hovel!
— expressing disgust at the daughter of
some important man having married into a
common family.

iximbambo, umatiya, ngokutiya ububende
(or umtinyu), the ribs are the obstacle, keep-
ing back within, one's blood (or painful
feelings) = great is my grief within, but
nobody sees it for these ribs which prevent
my heart from being shattered.

•>*

BA

20

BA

Bami, poss. adj. My used for 1st. pers.
sing. see ami.

Bamu, ukuti (Bhamu, ukuthi), v. = bamuza.

i(li), or um-Bamu (Bhamu), n.5.— i(li)-Baka.
Phr. amabamu otshwala, great abundance,
'floods' «it" beer.

isi-Bamu (Bhamu), n. Gun or rifle. Cp.
itrMbay im hay i ; isi-Ntuluntulu.

Bamuza (Bhamuza), v. Wade, flounder
about, as through deep water when cros-
sing or bathing ; talk rubbish, nonsensical
tales.

i(li)- Bamuza (Bhamuza), n. Bladder, blis-
ter, such as forms on the skin when
scalded with water, or as the pod of the
Mr Sing a plant; bubble, as formed by soap
i(li)-Panyaza, i(li)'Ququwe. Cp. i(li)-
Pote; i(li)-Shamuza.

Bana, adj. Baddish, rather bad; freq.
equiv. to 'common, inferior, old, etc.'

Ex. ugqoke ixingubo eximbana, iu<jaitli
Li/, kangaka-ya, he wears shabby clothes
:iik1 yel lie is so rich.

Banana, ukuti (Bhdnana, ukuthi), v. Lie
out oi- be openly exposed in a numerous
intermingling, as the veins on a man's
body when standing prominently out,
or a lot of intercrossing railway lines
at a junction <>r of fields ploughed here
and there thickly together on any spot

= bananaza.

u-Banana (Bhanana), n. Banana or ba-
nanas [Eng.].

isi-Banana (Bhanana), n. Banana planta-
tion.

um-Banana (Bhanana), n. 5. Jealousy,

envious feeling = um-Ona.
Bananaza (Bhananaza), v. = ukuti banana.

Banda,/-. Be cold, as water or wind; be
cool i.e. comparatively cold, as a refresh-
in g breeze, or cool atmosphere (= qa-
nda); cleave or split wood (ace. =± canda);
ward off or 'cover' oneself from some
danger by hirling behind a tree (with
nga), by speaking evasively, or hiding
behind an excuse [Skr. bhanj, split;
At. berd, cold; Her. penda, cleave; Sw.
katn, cleave].

Phr. uku-gexa wmanxi abandayo, to wash
away the water which is cold (i. e. the chill
which is said to conn' over one when bury-
ing :t corpse), by going to bathe in a river
after ;i burial.

i'l:>i-i/f.'i, iini'iii.i ebauda, to wash (the
body in a river), the water being cold.

Banda ( Bha ndu), v. Plaster a hut (ace.)

by flinging on lumps of mud (with nga

pahleka); stow away within, pack

goods (ace.) into any basket, or wagon
(with nga = pahlaj.
i-m Banda or Bande (Bhaanda or Bhaa-
nde), n. Slope, as on a hill-side [Sw.
mpando, incline].

isi- Banda, n. Flat scaly scar on the skin,
as left by a burn or healed sore; any
small animal about the size of a cat and
of any species; a very short person
(also isi-Banjana) [Chw. lo-badi].

Bandakanya (s. k.), v. Take or place to-
gether, unite, couple, as a number of
tools (ace.) held in one hand, two bul-
locks in the one yoke, an extra horse
tied alongside a pair (not properly used
of two things coupled together one be-
hind the other, as railway-carriages) =
bandakanyisa. [Ang. bandeka, unite;
Her. pandeka, bind].

Bandakanyisa (s. k.), v. = bandakanya.

i-mBandama (Bhandama), n. = i-mBanda.

um-Bandamu, n. 5. Ring-worm.

N.B. The ringworm is cured by placing
thereon an um-Cimbitwa or an um-Nenke
(slug), and allowing its mucus to remain.

u-Bande (Bhande),n. Children's game of
throwing up stones and catching them
on the back of the hand.

i(li)-Bande, n. The one half or side of a
cooking-pot -- only used adverbially, as
below.

Ex. isijingi sishe ibande, the pumpkin-
mash has got burnt on one side of the pot.

i(li)- Bande (Bhande), n. Belt, brace (in
plur. = a pair of braces) [Eng. band\.

ama-Bande (Bhande; no sing.), n. (C.N.)
= ama-Mbande.

i-m Bande (Bhaande), n. Musical pipe or
flute, made of the shin-bone of a reed-
buck or goat (now no longer in use) ;
also = i-mBanda.

i-m Bande (Bhande; no plur.), n. Strip or
strips of wood i. e. wood cut lengthwise
from the block (not crosswise, so as to
include the whole body thereof = i(li)-
Dumbu), as a piece of chopped firewood,
or a scantling, or walking-stick made
from such a 'strip' of wood. See banda
[Sw. ki-banzi and ki-pande, splinter of
wood].

Ex. induku yami iy'imbande, my stick is
a strip (not cut off whole from the tree =
i(li)-Dumbu).

u(lu)- Bande, n. Piece of um-Tomboti wood
(much liked on account of its agreeable
smell) cut in the rough from the tree;
necklace made of numerous little black
sticks cut from this wood.

y

BA 21

Bandeza, v. Crowd, inconvenience for
room by squeezing in, us kraals closely
surrounding another (ace.); oppress,
treat tyrannically by depriving of free-
dom, etc.

Bandezela, v. Inconvenience a person (ace),
block the way to free work, hamper, as
by not allowing him the use of one's
tools or pots.

Bandezeka (s.k.),v. Be in a crowded, in-
convenienced state through pressure;
be hampered in one's freedom, oppressed,
as by one's chief.

Bandhla, v. = bandhlulula.

i(li)-Bandhla, n. Men sitting assembled
together, a social gathering, as merely
to gossip or drink beer, or for some
particular business, as to hear a trial
or some announcements of the chief;
the men collectively of any kraal; hence
(M) congregation, company of believers,
sect, church.

Ex. 'bandhla! do you say so (humorously)?
how funuy! wonderful! — the expression is
mostly used by males, aud is supposed to
draw the company's attention to the good
thing being said or something astonishing
being doue = bantu (see umu-Xtu).

we! 'bandhla.' or o! 'bandhla! or 'ba-
ndhl'epakati! — used similarly to the above.

Phr. nyixe 'kirot'ibandlda nje, I have just
come to warm myself at the company *'. e.
to enjoy the society of other men, have a
little chat, etc.

Bandhlulula, v. Disown, cast off, reject, as
a family might an unruly member (ace.) ;

s exclude, eject, as a person (ace.) from
one's society or membership of any
company = cwasa, bandhla, hlulula
[Ang. bandulula, untie; cp. Z. banda-
kanya, i-Bandhla, and the endings of
such words as sombulula, sibukula,
ambula, endhhda, etc.].

i-mBando (Bhando), n. = i-mBande.

isi-Bando, n. Pretext, excuse or quibble
by which one seeks to ward off blame
or reproof. See banda.

um-Bando, n. 5. One slice, piece, or half
of a hide when cut lengthwise (the hide
of a beast being generally cut down the
middle into two pieces). Cp. i-mBando.

u(lu)-Bandubandu, n. Person with loud,
noisy voice, heard above all others.

Band u la, v. = qandula.

Bane, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Lighten up sud-
denly, give out a flash or glare of light,
as lightning; have a sudden shooting-
pain = baneka, ukuti bani. Cp. ukuti
nyazi.

BA

isi-Bane, n. = isi-Bani.

um, or u(lu)-Bane, n. 5. um-Bani.

Baneka (s. k.J, v. Lighten up, make bright
with light, illuminate, as lightning does
in the heavens ( nyazima), or a person
does by placing a lamp in a room; have
a sharp shooting pain in the body;
other modern uses as Tight a lamp (ace),
light up a room (ace.) by a lamp (with
nga),' though occasionally heard, would
seem to be grammatically incorrect. Cp.
baqa. [Skr. bhanu, sun; Ar. bara",
lighten; bar", lightning].

Ex. woz'ubaneke lapa, conic and bring a
light here.

kuyabaneka lapa esiswini, there are sharp
shooting pains here in the abdomen.

sekubanekiwe endhlini, it is already lighted
up, or has already been made bright with
light, in the hut.

Banga, v. Claim by contending for, as one
son with another (with na) for the cattle
(ace.) left by a parent; contend over
anything (ace); make for, journey to-
wards (used with "abbrev. perf.); give
rise to, bring about, produce, cause, as
any action might give rise to bad' effects
(ace); bring down upon, cause for a

with ela form) some ill
banga, make; Sw. fanya,

person (ace.
(ace.) [Ang.
cause].

Ex. ubange-pi? where are you making for,
or going to?

ukupuxa amanxi amabi kuyabanga ixifo,
drinking bad water gives rise to disease.

uyabanga naye ubukosana, he is claiming
or contending for the (right of) heirship
along with him.

amayamu ake asibangela ubuhlungu, his
words caused (tor) us pain.

sidhla nesibucu Una, sibanga ngoba kuy'i-
■nkomo, we eat eveu rotting meat, contending
that (i. e. basing our justification on the tact
that) it is a beast (and is to be eaten).

uku-bemgwa nodonga, to be contended for
with the grave •'. e. be nearly dead.

uku-bang'umsindo, to make a noise.

uku-bang'utuli, to raise a dust.

uku-bang urnhawu, to excite pity.

i(li)-Banga, //. Distance, as from one place
to another [Ga. banga, space].

Ex. ibanga lingakanani elisuka eTekwini
liya emZinto na'.' what is the distance from
Durban to Umzinto '.'

kaku'banga'lide, it is not a great way.

i(li)-Banga (Bhang a), n. Large beer-cala-
bash with broad mouth ; woollen blanket
having large coloured squares (cp. isi-
Balala).

u(iu)-Banga (Bhang a), n. One of the se-

BA

22

veral sharpened stakes fixed erect in
the ground at the bottom of a pit for
trapping game = u(lu)-Veku.

u(lu)-Bangabanga, n. = u(hi)-Rrang arra-
nges

isi-Bangabatakati (Ba ngabathakathi), n. =
isi-Qataqata.

Bangaiala, v. Rage furiously, as a grass-
lire or angry man.

u(lu)-Bangalala, n. Veldt-plant, used to
cause sexual excitement in the male
(man or beast).

Bangalasa, v. Make a great noise with the
mouth, scream, as when loudly crying
(as a child), scolding (as a woman),
shouting (as of boys playing) = rra-

ngalasa.

isi-Bangamlota (Bangamlotha), n. Certain
bush (Antidesma venosum), growing on
the coast.

i(li)-Bangana, u. Short distance, or consi-
derable distance (according to context
and manner of expression).

Ex. kuseVibangana nje, it is now only a
little way.

kuFibangana nje kodiva, it is rather a good
way, a fair distance.

um-Bangandhlala, n. 5. Small tree (Hete-
romorpha arborescens), making very
bad firewood - - the bark is said to be
used for colic and scrofula and as a ver-
mifuge for horses.

Phr. ngalutinta ukuni hmbangandhlala,
I touched a log of the wribangandhlala tree
— applied to au irritable person, who will
flare up if merely touched.

i-mBangayiya (Bhangayiya), n. Long tail-
feather or feathers, gen. of the ostrich,
worn on the head = urn-Bongo.

Bangazela (Bhangazela), v. Run, rush,
dash wildly, excitedly along, as a person
or animal in a great fright (not when
racing) = papaieka.

um-Bangazi (Bhang azi), n. 5. Flat-crown
tree = u(lu)-Solo.

i(li)-Bange (Bhang e loc. eBange), n.

Hank (for money) [Eng.].

isi-Bangebange (B hang eb hang e), n. Person
angrily or violently demanding anything,
as food, payment, etc.

i-mBangi (Bhangi), n. Young-man who,
in courting girls, trespasses on the pre-
serves of others.

Bangisa, v. Cause (the country) to make
for or be directed towards any certain
place, as below : —

I. s«/'nliu sipumekona, mlibangi&a oTu-

/

BA

tela, upon leaving there, we directed our
course (Z. the country) towards the Tukela.

isi-Bango, n. Charm, or incantation, by
herbs, etc. (C.N.).

um-Bango,«. 5. Family contention, as about
property, heirship, etc.; contention be-
tween two young-men for the same girl.

Ex. ubukosana btika' Somkeli sebung'um-
bango, the heirship of Somkeli is already a
matter of family strife.

P. umbango uvuk'emloteni, family strife
spriugs up from the ashes (of the paternal
hearth) i.e. has its cause in the home, is not
originated outside.

Bangqa (Bhangqa), v. (C. N.) == banqa.

Bangqana (Bhangqana), v. (C. N.) = ba-
nqana.

Bangqanisa (Bhang qanisa), v. (C. N.) =
banqanisa.

Bangquza (Bhangquza), v. Wriggle about,
as a dog its tail (ace), or a person the
tongue in his mouth; fly about here
and there, up and down the country, as
a man running about in search of a
doctor, or anything urgently needed =
panquza.

Bangula, v. Extract a thorn (ace.) or splinter
from the body, by picking it out with
another thorn or needle. Cp. vungula.

isi-Bangulo, n. Instrument (usually ano-
ther thorn kept for the purpose) for
extracting thorns, etc. from the body.

Bani, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti bane.

u-Bani, interr. pron. Who?; indef. pron.
Somebody, a person, anybody; also used
for 'So-and-so, What's-his-name' (as when
narrating or illustrating, and the parti-
cular person's name is unknown or
forgotten) [Ze. bwani; Ngu. mbwani;
Sha. mbwai; Sw. Kag. Heh. nani; Ru.
nyani; Gu. ani; Her. iani; Nyanib.
nindi; Gal. ndi; Sum. nde; Chw. mang\.
Ex, ubani icena, igamu lako? what is your

name;

angisaqondi ukuti ivashaya ubani,

am

no longer certain who it was he struck.

asimz'angene ekaya, ab'es'eh,mina, 'Bani.'
he just enters the kraal, and then says,
Come here, So-and-so!

isi-Bani, n. Light, torch (in the kraals
usually consisting of a stalk of tambootie-
grass) - - this word is used more in
Natal than in Zululand, where n(ln)-Ba-
qa is the common expression; hence
(M) candle, lamp.

urn, or u(lu)-Bani, n. 5. Lightning
rally), whether forked or sheet =--
Nyazi [Skr. bhanu, sun; Ar.
lightning].

(gene-
u(lti)-
bar",

BA 23

N.B. Owing to the dislike of the Natives
for calling awful things by their proper
names, the word in most common use for
'lightning' is merely i{li)-Zulu (the heavens).
u(lu)-Bani, n. Certain veldt-plant, having
blue flowerlets, used as a Love-charm by
young-men.

u-Banibani, //. So-and-so - standing for
the name of a person when it is unknown
or has been forgotten, or in giving an
illustration = u-Iiani, u-Sibanibani.

isi-Bankwa (s.k.),n. Lizard; marrow in
the jaw-bones of cattle.

Banqa (Bhanqa), v. Unite, join, bind to-
gether side by side, as sticks (ace), or
mealie-cobs held or tied together, or
bullocks in the same yoke = banda-
kanya.

Banqana (Bhanqana), v. Be united, joined
or bound together side by side, as above
(used in pert'.) Cp. hlangana.

Banqanisa (Bhanqanisa), v. = banqa.

Banqu, ukuti (Bhanqu, ukuthi), v. Mark
a thing (ace.) with cross-stripes of dif-
ferent colour, as the inside framework
of a hut when alternating old (or black)
and new (or white) wattles, or an eat-
ing mat when weaving it with cross-,
stripes of dyed and undyed grass =
banqula.

i(li)-Banqu (Bhanqu), n. (C.N.) == i(li)-
Banqule.

Banqula (Bhanqula), v. = ukuti banqu.

i(li)-Banqule (Bhanqule), n. Anything with
a cross-stripe or stripes, or broad cross-
ing patch of a different colour, as the
hut or mat above, or an ox (whether
black or red) with a broad stripe of
white going up from beneath the belly
and meeting on the back (cp. i(li)-Qola;
i(li)- Waba).

Banquza (Bhanquza), v. — bangquza.

um-Bantaka (Bhantaka), n. 5. Kind of
tall thatching grass, somewhat like tam-
bootie.

Bantsa (Bhantsa), v. Slap a person (ace.)
with the palm of the hand on the body
(not on the face = mukula).

i(li)-Bantsa or Bantsi (Bhantsa or BJiantsi),
= isi-Gaga; (C.N.) a grey -hound.

Bantsana (Bhantsana), v. = mpantsa.

Bantsela (Bhantsela), v. Present a buyer

y (ace.) with a bonus, throw in some

• slight extra as a present [ ? Eng. bonus].

i-mBanselo (Bhantselo), n. Bonus, extra,
thrown in with a purchase, as above.

i(li)-Bantshi (Bhantshi), n. Coat [D. baatji].

BA
(Bhaantshi), n. 5.

see u in u-

um-Bantshi (Bhaantshi), n. 5. (N) um-
Xuku.

Phr. a&iqeM 'mbantshi ukvjiya, we are

not at all sure as to how the mash will

thicken = we can't say how the affair may

turn out, what will be the end of it.
Bantu (s. L), int. fr. aba-Ntu

Ntu; i(li)-Bandhla.
u-Bantwanyana (s. t.), n. Emerald Cuckoo

(Chrysococcyx smaragdiuus).

N.B. The cry of this bird is said to he

' Bant '/cany ana ■■/ ning'endi! Little children I

don't get married!

Banyana, adj. reduplic. dim. of bi q. v.

Banyaza (Bhanyaza), v. Look blinkingly,
with watering eyes, as a person sitting
in the smoke, or when, from disease,
the eyes cannot bear the light; look
with shy, shifting eyes, as persons who
feel a disability to look another in the
face = panyaza.

i(li)- Banyaza (Bhanyaza), n. Blister, as on
the body when scalded (cp. i(li)-Pote);
large, protruding eye — i(li)-Bamuza,
i(li)-Panyaza.

Banzana, adj. Rather wide; fairly big
(in extent), whether actually (as a piece
of land), or metaphor, (as a position or
'billet'); fairly large (in quantity), as
snuff.

Banzi, adj. Broad, wide [Ar. wasiz, wide;
Sw. pana; Bo. hana; Her. paranga].

ubu-Banzi, n. Breadth, width; extent (ge-
nerally), dimensions, of things of sur-
face.

Baqa, ukuti (Bhaqa, ukuthi), v. Lie down
flat on the belly, sprawling or flounder-
ing = baqaza. Cp. ukuti bukulu, ukuti
nqepu, bacalala, babalala.

Baqa (Bhaqa), v. Light up, as in a hut
by means of a torch (with nga) or
lamp, or as the lightning lights up the
heavens (= baneka); light up, light,
make to shine, as the torch (ace.) or
lamp itself (= okela); light up a person
(ace.) in regard to his evil doings so
that he become clearly exposed to pub-
lic view; also = ukuti baqa this
word is much used by those who hlo-
nipa the words baneka and kanyisa.

Ex. ngiyakubaqwa uba? by whom shall
I be exposed? - as might be said by a
child stealing something and cautioned by
another.

u(lu)-Baqa (Bhaqa), n. Native 'lamp' or
torch for lighting up in a but, and con-
sisting generally of a dry stalk of tam-
bootie-grass ; a pretty, handsome person,
male or female (< i-mBali, um-Ceko);

BA

person sent secretly to warn another of
danger (= u(lu)-Nyandhle, v(tu)-Qunga,
i-nkasa); (C.N.) a beast given by the
bride's family to the bridegroom's father
•to light up the lobola cattle' he has
parted with on his son's account.

Ex. inkanyezi enobaqa, a star with a
torch = comet (C. N.).

isi, or um-Baqanga (Bhaqanga), n. 5. Thick,
lumpy porridge of crushed mealies,
mostly eaten by boys after they have
attained to puberty. Cp. isi-Shwala.

Baqaza (Bhaqaza), r. Jump up high, kick-
ing the buttocks in doing so, as children
or an is-Angoma; also = ukuti baqa.

isi-Baqaza (Bhaqaza), n. Any broadly
spread-out thing or person.

Baqeka (Bhaqeka), v. (C.N.) = baqa.

Baquza (Bhaquza), v. = banquza.

Barru, ukuti (Bit ami, ukuthi), v. = barruza.

Barruza (Bharruea), v. Deal a person (ace.)
a 'squelching' blow, as in the belly;
throw down anything, as a fowl (ace),
with a 'squelching' sound = burruza.

Basa, v. Make a fire (ace.) i. e. arrange
the sticks and set fire thereto (cp. pe-
nt ha); make up and enkindle strife (ace.)
[Ar. wallaz, kindle; Sw. washa; Bo.
wasa],

um-Basa, n. 5. Month, beginning after the
middle of February, when the winter is
making itself felt and fires have to be
lit, and next preceding u-Ngulazibuya.

Basela, v. Kindle fire or strife for a person
(ace); make it warm for a person (ace.)
concerning old debts (with nga) i.e.
rouse him up by strong persistent de-
mand or talk; warm up for the old
debts (acc.) themselves i.e. demand
strongly a clearance or payment of them.
Ex. ngisaya'lcubasela amacaVami k'oSiba-
nibani, I am just off to make warm de-
mand for the old debts due to me at So-
and-so's kraal.

hade exe 'kungibasela ngenkomo yoke, he
has just been here to warm me with demand
about his beast.

Basha (Bhasha), v. Be stunted, under-
grown, as a boy or plant (used in perf.)
= qata, shishibala.

Ex. ubashile, he is short lor his age.

Bashu, ukuti (Bhashu, ukuthi, some-

times also with g.b.),V. Do patehwise,
in any sense; hence, patch a coat (acc.);
patch on the piece of cloth (acc); hoc a
patch of a prospective field (acc); burn
'>tT :i patch of grass (acc.) on the veldt;
be patchy, as mealies growing badly in
a field ; be patehwise, as the multi-coloured

24 BA

squares on a blanket; break out or
appear in different localities, as an epi-
demic of disease.

isi-Bashu (Bhashu), n. Patch, of any de-
scription, as above.

Baso, poss. adj. Its - used with nouns

sing, of 4th. el. - - see aso.
urn- Baso, n. 5. = um-Basa.

i(li)-Bata (Batha), n. Foot conspicuously
big and flat, as of a duck, or some oxen
with the hoof deformed, or a splay-
footed man [Sw. Ni. Ga. bata, duck;
Her. o-mbaze, foot; o-mbaka, duck].

FOx. ukuhamba kwake, wen: a ngamabata,
as to his walking he does it as with splayed
feet /'. c. goes with a slouching, slip-shod
gait.

i-mBata (Bhata), n. (C.N.) = i-mBazu.

isi- Bata (B hatha), n. Spring-snare for
buck, etc. made of string and stretched

by

twigs

for catching it

the neck or

limb = isi-Batazane, um-Esho.

u- Batata (Bhatata), n. Sweet-potato. Cp.
uta-Hlaza [Eng. potato],

isi- Batata (Bhatata), n. Sweet-potato field.

Bataza or Batazela (Bathaza), v. Walk
in a flat-footed way, as one splay-footed,
with naturally weak feet, or a person
walking when quite tired out. Cp. ba-
daza.

isi-Batazane (Bhatltazane), n. = isi-Bata.

i-mBati (Bhati), n. Kind of nettle, eaten

as imifino = isi-Kukuku. Cp. i-mBa-

bazane.

i(li)-Batu (Bathu), n. An open grassy spot
or glade amidst a forest = isi-Kala.

Bava (Bhava), v. = beva.

i-mBava (Bhava), n. = i-Nyati.

u-Bavu (Bhavu), n. Any large tin vessel,
as parafin-tin, or zinc-bath [Eng. bath].

isi, or u(lu)-Bavu, n. (C.N.) = isi-Banda.

isi-Bavubavu (Bhavubhavu), n. Wild, fierce
person. See bavumula.

i(li)-Bavula (Bhavula), n. Barbel [Eng.].

um-Bavuma (Bhavuma), n. 5. Old, shri-
velled, dried-up person or animal; old
worn-out earthenware pot = um-Dhle-
kedhle, um-Hohoho, i-nKohtomba.

Bavumula (Bha.vumula), v. = bovumula.

Bawela, v. Have an irresistible itching to
do something prematurely, impulsively,
etc., as to mix oneself up in the talk or
dispute of others (acc. with el a form),
to blurt out a secret, to be served with
food before one's turn, etc.

Bawo, poss. adj. Their — used with nouns
of 2nd. class plur. - - see awo.

BA 25

isi-Bawu, n. Gadfly, of which there are
several species; one of a regiment form-
ed by Mpande of old men, remaining
from Shaka's regiments.

Baxa, ukuti (Bhaxa, ukuthi), v. Tramp or

slush through thick mud, as cattle in a
fold after rain, or a person walking in
the rain over muddy ground baxaza.
Cp. i-mBaxaiubaxa.
i(li)-Baxa (Bhaxa), n. Fork or crotch, as
where two branches of a tree join; any
stake or piece of wood having such a

fork (= i(li)-Xasiyo) ; forked-junction,

as formed by two rivers or roads; pre-
text or opportunity, for mounting in an
argument or getting the better of one;
plur. ama-Baxa = ania-Mbaude.

isi-Baxa (Bhaxa), n. Young fat-bodied girl,
of about nine years of age, such as were
common in the royal kraal; forked-
stump or support for propping a shelf
or for laying weapons upon;/>/. izi-Baxa,
kind of scaffolding erected outside a hut
when building, for standing on; also =
i(li)-Baxakezi.

i-mBaxa (Bhaxa), n. Branch of a forked
river, road, or tree; mental hitch or dif-
ficulty.

Baxabula (Bhaxabula), v. Strike a person
(ace.) with a flexible instrument, as a
shambok or reim = taxabula, gwaxula.

i(li)-Baxakezi (Bhaxakezi), n. Big foot with
the toes spread out broadly. Cp. i(li)-
Bhalakaxa.

i-mBaxambaxa (Bhaxambhaxa) n. Person
or thing all covered with wet mud, as
after slushing through a muddy place.
Cp. baxaza; i-nDaxandaxa.

Baxaza or Baxazela (Bhaxaza) v. Slush
or splash along, as above — see ukuti
baxa; walk awkwardly, clumsily, as a
person with big or splayed-feet.

Baxela (Bhaxela), v. Girt or wrap a cloth
(ace.) round the loins, as a young girl
out of decency. Cp. binca.

Baxu, ukuti (Bhaxu, ukuthi), v. = baxula.

i-mBaxu (Bhaxu), n. Certain creeping-
plant, whose roots yield fibre used in
the making- of isi-Nene, assegais, etc.

Baxula (Bhaxula), v. == baxabula.

isi-Baya, n. Stock-fold, pen, for cattle, sheep,
etc., gen. situated in the middle of the
kraal; the space (gen. shaven) enclosed
by a man's head-ring; wearer of such
(i. e. of a head-ring) used jocularly [Cp.
Ar. ba'ar, cattle; seraya, camp, fort;
zi-mbabwe (originally zi-mbahe), name
of ancient circular buildings in ruin in
Mashonaland; Ga. ki-lalu, cattle-fold].

BA

P. ayikabi ixibaya exibili, it (a cow)
doesn't kick in two kraals = a person is
only Lord in his own castle or domain, else-
where he becomes a nobody,

Bayede, int. Hail! your .Majesty! a

word of salutation only used to the
Zulu kin<j.

A'./>. Its origin, as is the case with most
interjections, is untraceable. It certainly lias
no connection with 'bring them' (i.e. ba lete
or bit yete), the orthography bayete being in-
correct. The full salutation might run:—
'Bayede! wen'umnyama! wena icapakati!
wena wohlanga! wen'udhVamadoda! Hail!
thou who art black (the royal house of the
Zulus being generally a dark-skinned family),
thou of the inner recesses (may-be of tin
isi-godhlo esimnyama), thou of the original
source (of our tribe), thou who eatest up
(strong) men (by first having them killed
and then confiscating their property). It
is quite improper to apply the term to any-
body but the paramount Zulu chief or king.
Hence the custom, frequent in Natal, of ad-
dressing magistrates, etc., as your Majesty!
is, in Zulu eyes, altogether inappropriate,
if not indeed somewhat ridiculous.
Bayete (Bayethe), int. (N) = bayede.

Bayo, poss. adj. Its - with nouns of the
3rd. cl. sing.; their - - with nouns of the
5th. cl. plur. - see ayo.

Baza,v. Shave, pare, or carve wood with
a knife, as when making a knob-kerry
(ace), or head-rest ; hence, plane, as a
board (ace).

Ex. uyabaxa amapulankwe, he carves
planks i. e. works at carpentry.

ufcu-baxa induku, to make or pare a stick.

uku-baxa ngqoko, to make or carve a meat-
tray.

i-mBaza (Bhaza), n. = i-mBazu.

i(li)-Bazelo, n. Paring, shaving, chip (such

as is cut off smooth with a knife). Cp.

i(li)-Zubela.
Bazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = bazi inula, ukuti

pazi.
i-mBazi (Bhazi), n. One who works in

wood, a wood-carver.
isi-Bazi, n. Blotch, as on a person's skin

or the rind of a pumpkin.
u(lu)-Bazi, n. Certain tree, yielding fibre.

ubu-Bazi, n. Tiny stinging prickles on the
leaves of nettles; irritation caused by
them. Cp. i-mBabazane; i-mBati.

Bazimula, v. Glitter, glisten, as a diamond
or mirror in the sun = ukuti bazi, ka-
:i m nl a, cwebezela.

Bazizela, v. ■-- bazi inula.

BA

26

big broad front-tooth (cp. i-

Bazo, poss. adj. Their -- used with nouns
plur. of the 3rd., 4th., and 6th. els.
see azo.

i-mBazo (Bhazo), n. Axe, hatchet (= i(li)-
Zembe);
nGovolo

i-mBazu

eaten

coast

Be, ukuti

Be, ukuti
denly,
light

(Bhazu), //.
iv Zululand

Mussel,

Natives

sometimes
alone the

(ukiitJii), v. = beza.

(Bhe, ukuthi), r. Flare up sud-
break out into flame, as when a
is put to anything very combus-

with a prolon
Do with a
passion, as

great

tible.

Be, ukuti (Bhe, ukuthi —
gation of the vowel), v.
outburst of energy or passion, as an
animal ravening, a fire devouring, an
epidemic raging, or a man asserting or
denying vehemently. See ukuti be.

Beba (Bhebha), v. Mount, cover, or tread
the female (ace.), as any of the smaller

animals, like a pig, sheep, goat, fowl, or
as children one with another (for the
cow, zcta; for the dog, pinga; and for a
wife, zeka, zeta, or tundela, are gene-
rally used — cp. jeka; xova).

Beba, v. Sit or ride lying flat and strad-
dled on another's back, as the infant on
that of its mother, or a person being
carried by another over a stream.

isi-Beba, n. Coloured spot, patch, streak,
or figure worked upon a gi*ound of
another colour, or alongside it, as a belt
of fancy string-work in a sleeping-mat, or
the different coloured spaces in a girl's
bead-girdle.

Bebe, ukuti (Bhebe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
mbebe.

i(li)-Bebe, w. (N) = i(li)-Bebesi.

isi-Bebe (Bhebke), n. Any broad, thin, flat
plate of a thing (whether quite rigid, or
only stiff), as a piece of oil-cloth, sheet
of zinc, piece of beadwork, or sheet of
glass; broad-shouldered, spread-out per-
son (= isirHlandhla) = isi-Xwexwe.
cp. u(lu)-Bembedu.

isi-Bebe (Bhebe), u. Porridge of ground
mealies or Kafir-corn fermented with
Kafir-corn malt.

um-Bebe (Bhebhe), n. 5. Largest kind of
amasi calabash. Cp. isi-Hlali.

i(li)-Bebebe (Bhebhebhe), v. Man always
fowling' or 'jawing' angrily at others,
making the wild sound be be be — See
bebeza.

i(li)-Bebegolo (Bhebhegolo), n. Obscene
word denoting an immoral girl.

BE

(s. k.), n. (C. N.) = i(li)-Be-

i(li)-Bebekazi
best.

i(li)-Bebesi, n. Any food of a pleasantly
mild, mellow taste, not strong or sharp
to the palate, nor yet wanting in flavour,
as fresh amasi, sweet i-mBondwe, nice
mild beer, etc. (= i(li)-Kezekeze) ; speech
or orders to which no attention is paid,
without power, falling 'flat'.

Bebeta (Bebetha), v. Go nimbly along in
a quiet, quick manner, 'eating its way'
forward, a& a grass-fire creeping rapidly
forward over the dry veldt, or a nimble
man walking; munch away incessantly,
as a person at mealies (ace), or a goat
= bubuta. [Bo. bebeta, gnaw].

Bebeteka (Bebetheka), v. Get taken nimbly
along in a quiet, quick manner over a
great stretch of country, as a grass-fire.

Bebeza (Bhebeza), v. = mbebeza.

Bebeza (Bhebheza), v. Make the sound
bhe, bhe; make the fierce, growling noise
bhe bhe bhe, as a lion or leopard when
enraged or excited at an attack ; make a
similar sound, as a goat when ravening
after the female; flap about with a si-
milar sound, as fire burning wildly in
the wind; keep 'jawing' away, as a man
or woman when angry.

Bebezela (Bhebhezela), v. Fan up, make
flare with a flapping of flame, as the
wind or a person with a mat might a
fire (ace.) ; fan on, urge on, stir up, ex-
cite, as a person (ace.) to do anything,
as fight, rebel, etc., or a bull to mount.
Cp. bibizela.

Beca (Bheca), v. Smear, daub, anything
(ace.) with mud (with uga), paint and
the like = huqa.

u, or i(li)-Bece (Bhece), n. Kind of water-
melon, resembling the i(li)-Kabe, though
gen. eaten boiled (= u-Jeleza); great,
effeminate man, an 'old muff. See u-
Becesafinya.

Plir. ulcu-gwaxa ibec-r, to kill a defenceless
or powerless person, massacre an enemy
when already vanquished, surrendered, or
overtaken in flight.

i-mBece (Bhece), n. Blacking made of fat
mixed with grass-ash, for smearing the
isi-dwaba.

u(lu)-Bece (Bhece — no plur.), n. Plant of
the water-melon above (see u-Bece);
(with plur.) seed or pip of the same.

u-Becesafinya (Bhecesafinya), n. Name
given to any very fragile thing, or peev-
ish child, which will break, or full into
tears, if merely touched (lit. a water-
melon while still just appearing like a

BE

tiny knob on the stalk, and which
merely needs touching, to be caused
to drop off).

Phr, uku-tinta ubeeesaflnya, to touch a
peevish, irritable child or person, as above.

uku-x'onela ubeeesaflnya, to spoil or ruin
oneself or reputation, while still new in one's
position.

Beda (Bheda), v. Talk senseless stuff,

. stupid rot, as a foolish ignorant person
J talking (used of merely a single state-
ment). Cp. bedeleza; budazela.

u(lu)-Bedazane (Bhedazane), n. = vm-
Bijazane.

um-Bede (Bhede), n. 5. Bed [Eng.].

ubu-Bede (Bheede), n. Species of red ant,
giving a sharp painful 'bite'. Cp. i-uTu-
twane.

X.li It' referred to by its real name, as
above, it will probably pay a visit to the
kraal in unpleasant numbers! It is therefore
spoken of 'nicely', as o-Makoti (young wives)
or aba-Yeni (young husbands).

Bedeleza (Bhedeleza), v. Talk away a lot

/of senseless stuff, as a stupid person
relating some absurd tale. Cp. beda;
budazela.

Bedeza (Bhedeza), v. = bedeleza.

um-Bedeza-omusha, n. 5. = um-Peteza.

Bedhla (Bhedhla), v. Be annoyingly fid-
t gety, vexatiously restless in one's actions
y or with one's tongue; hence, keep the
tongue persistently on the wag at a per-
son (ace.), as a fidgety old person con-
stantly scolding, or a man allowing a
debtor no rest when dunning for his
money ; fidget about, keep constantly and
annoyingly on the move, as one continu-
ally shuffling about in a hut or turning
about in bed. Cp. belesela; teta.

i-mBedhlane (Bhedhlane), n. Fidgets, lid-
getting about, incessant small restless-
ness, as of an old woman or a person
in bed - - dim of 1-mBedhlu.

isi-Bedhleba (Bhedhleba), n. Any broad-
bodied person or animal.

i-mBedhlu (Bhedhlu), n. Vexatious rest-
, lessness or impatience, harassing dispo-
/ sition, pestering nature - a more pro-
nounced form of the above.

Bedu, ukuti (Bhedu, ukuthi), v. Do abun-
dantly or in great degree; get done,
appear, be seen, or get revealed in great
numbers or quantity, as a lot of people
working together, seeds growing up, etc.

u(lu)-Bedu (Bhedu), n. Fat attached to the
pericardium, and the perquisite of the
herd-boys; band or flat ring of solid

27 BE

brass worn originally round the neck,
as a decoration of the highest class, by
Zulu chiefs in olden times (the custom
having become already obsolete in Sha-
ka's time). Cp. um-Naka; um-Daka.
Beduka (Bheduka), v. <o-t done, get seen,
appear, etc. in greal numbers or quan-
tity = ukuti bedu.

Bedula (Bhedu/a), v. Do abundantly or in
great degree, as when ploughing up a
very large piece of land, or when walking
an immense distance ( dwengula); be-
gin to twist or turn the horns at the
extremities, as a bullock after it has
reached its prime (= nqanda; cp. shwi-
la); also = petulula (*./>.; s.t.).

Ex. washaya imbedula, he was off ami far
away in no time.

i-mBedula (Bhedula), n. Bullock that has
already reached the age of uku-bedula
q. v.

Bedulula (Bhedulula), v. = petulula (s.p.;
s. t.).

i-mBedumehlwana (Bhedumehlwana - no
plur.),%. Action of inverting the eye-
lids, as common with children.

Ex. id'enxa imbed wnehhv ana, he turned
up his eyelids.

um-Befu, n. 5. Asthma, asthmatic breathing
(N. fr. Xo.).

Befuzela, v. Gasp for breath, as a person
suffering from asthma, or an over-loaded
stomach. Cp. pefuzela.

Beja (Bheja), v. Be red, as the sky, moon
behind a fog, an inflamed eye, or an
angry whiteman's face (used in pert.)
[Skr. raj, shine].

i(li)-Beja or Beje (Bheja or Bheje), n. One
of the ama-Beje group of Dingane's isi-
godhlo girls - - the kraal set apart for
them at emGungundhlovu was called
eBeje. Cp. i(li)-Ti>iitsi ; i-nKwelemba.

u, or isi-Bejane (Bhejane), n. Common
Black Rhinoceros, smaller and with
shorter horns than the um-Kombo.

um-Bejazane (Bhejazane), n. 5. um-Be-

kazane.

u(lu)-Beje (Bheje), n. Native of a very
light or yellow skin (cp. i(li)-Gawozi)\

a certain shrub.

Beka (s.k.), r. Put, place, set a thing (ace),
as on a table; instal, place in office, ap-
point, make a person to be a chief or
policeman (doub. ace); commit to the
charge of, place under the care of, as
one's children or cattle (ace.) into the
rare of some guardian (with ku); put
down formally or decidedly, as the

BE

money (ace), for a purchase, a definite
promise, etc.; stake, as a wager; put
aside, put by, as food or money for fu-
ture use; lie fair i.e. put aside the rain
or wind, as the heavens (used in perf.);
drop or give birth to a calf (ace.), as a
cow; pay or present the um-Beko beast
or equivalent [Sw. weka, place; Ga.teka;
Va. taga; Bo. ika].

Ex. wambeka induna, lie appointed him
headman.

uyakubeka-ni? what will you het?

fata loku'kudhla, ukubeke, take this food
and put it aside.

libekile namhlanje, it has cleared up (of
rain), calmed down (of wind) to-day.

libekile, fcanalo ulaka, he is of a quiet, mild
disposition, not angry-tempered.

e/ululo kwakubekioa ngawo umdaka, in olden
times the um-beko was paid in rings of brass.

l'hr. sekubekwe inhlamvu nje, there has
already been laid a branch (over him in the
grave) = he is already as good as dead and
buried.

uku-belc'indhlebe, to hearken, pay attention
to, listen to what one is being told or or-
dered (with leu).

iiku-bck'isandhla, to seek the patronage of,
or adoption as a subject or servant by, some
higher person (with ku).

uku-bek'indttlat, to place the stick (on the
head of another contemptuously) i, c. chal-
lenge him to fight i with ace).

uku-beka ixito, to walk or go slowly.

Beka (Bheka), v. Look, see; look at a
thing (ace); look towards a thing (with
ku or !«>(•.); observe, watch a thing; at-
tend to one's work (ace), a boiling pot,
etc.; keep an eye upon, look after, take
care of, as a child (ace) left temporarily
with one; look out for, expect, wait for,
as a person (ace) at some meeting-place;
face towards (with ku, ngaku, or loe);
go in the direction of (with loe and
nga)\ take a thing (ace) into account,
consider, pay regard to; be still, calm,
fair, as the weather when free from wind
(used in perf.).

Ex. beka bo! take care! look out (or
I'll give it to you in a minute)!

simbekile namhlanje, we expect him to-day.

beka kimina, look towards me.

labaleka (ihashi), labeka ngas 'emLaxi, it
(the horsej ran away in the direction of the
I'mlazi.

kabeki toko yena, he doesn't take that into
consideration.

l'hr. ukurbeka pantsi, to be submissive,
humble, respectful, is one's bearing.

uku-beka umuntu nenyoka, to look at a
person as though a snake — to hate him
with a deadly hatred.

28 BE

i(li)-Beka (s. k.)n. Quiet, mild, even-tem-
pered person or animal, with no fire or
anger in him.

i(li)-Beka (Bheka), n. Any one of the lohola
cattle.

Phr. walandela amabeka, it (the child) fol-
lowed the lobola cattle i. e. took after the
mother, or mother's family, where the lobola
cattle went to.

i-mBeka (Bheka), n. Meat slaughtered for
a doctor and carried by him as provision
on his journey.

um-B3ka (s.k.),n.o. = iim-Beko.

Bekana (Bhekana), v. Look at one another
i. e. be face to face (used in perf.), or
opposite to (with na).

Ex. imixi yetu ibekene, our kraals are face
to face or opposite each other.

umitxi wakubo uyabekana nowakiti, their
kraal is opposite to ours.

ekubekarteni nomuxi tvakin-i, opposite (or
in the place opposite to) your kraal.

isi, um, or u(lu)-Bekazane (Bhekazane), n.
A raging, a wild impetuous activity, as
of a furious devouring fire, a raging
epidemic of disease (often equivalent to
English adjectives denoting such a con-
dition, as 'raging, furious, passionate');
passion (in human beings), wild uncon-
trollable mental impulse to do something
= um-Bejazane.

Ex. aku'itd/dala, ubekazane, it is not a
(mere) famine; it is a real furiously raging-
thing.

uvuke umbekaxane wokweba, he has got
excited (within himself) a passion or irre-
sistible craving for stealing.

Bekebe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Appear suddenly
before one, as a highwayman before a
traveller, or an unexpected visitor sud-
denly appearing before one's door.

Beke beke, ukuti (ukuthi, s. k.), v. Wave,
undulate, as a long plank carried on the
head = bekezela.

I isi-Bekebeke (Bhekebheke), n. Big affair,

serious matter.
j isi-Bekedu (Bhekedu), n. = isi-Kigi.

! Bekela (s.k.), v. Place, lay by, provide for,
as food, etc. for a particular person or
time (doub. ace) ; put a patch on to, as
on to a dress (ace with nga); put on,
wear the izi-nJobo on one's umu-Tsha;
place for a person some medicine (doub.
ace) with criminal intention, as an um-
/a /rati.

Bekela (Bhekela), v. Look for, or on be-
half of (not in search of — cinga) a per-
son (ace).

BE

Ex. wosibekela! you shall look for us! as
shouted by a man at a limit when he believes
lie has struck a buck ami thereby giving
notice of his claim to those on ahead.

Bekelana (s.k.), v. Place for one another,
as medicine, with evil intent; lay a wager
mutually.

Bekelana (Bhekelana), v. Be or go side
by side, parallel with (with v<i).

Bekelela (s.k.), v. Lay one thing on top of
another, pile one above the other, as
one blanket upon another on a bed, or
one garment over another on the body;
lay by time after time, store up, as
money (ace.).

isi-Bekeli (s.k.), n. An umtakati or one
\S given to 'placing' medicine on paths,
etc. with the intention of doing injury
to certain others.

um-Bekelo (s.k.), n. 5. Contribution; depo-
sit (M).

u(lu)-Bekenya (Bliekcnya), n. Person with
an angry, noisy tongue, always scolding,
finding fault, quarrelling, etc.; one of a
regiment formed by Sliaka ; the regi-
ment itself.

u(lu)-Bekenyakato (Bhekenyakntho), n. Spe-
cies of red iron wood. Cp. um-Ozane.

X.B. This tree is used medicinally as ;i
charm against an um-Kovu.

Bekenyeka (Bhekenyeka), v. Re always
'jawing', scolding, grumbling, or finding
fault in an angry noisy manner.

u-Bek'eyahlu!wako (Bhek' eyahlulwako), n.

One who looks out for the victorious
(or lit. the conquered) side with which
he always craftily takes his stand. Cp.
i-mBalakabili.

ifli)-Bekezantsi (Bhekezantsi), n. Large bat,
a 'Flying Fox' (cp. i(U)-Lulwane) ; (C.N.)
also = u-Xamu.

Bekezela (s. k.), v. Wave, undulate, as a
long plank carried on the head (— boko-
zela, teba); submit patiently to (with hit),

, be patient or forbearing before ill-treat-
* ment or trouble; catch rain or dripping
water, by placing a vessel for the pur-
pose (= kongozela).

Bekisa (Bhekisa), v. Make a thing (ace.)
point or go in the direction of (with ku
or loc); look away towards, reach away
in the direction of, as a range of hills
(with nga and loc).

Ex. ukufa kusabekisa pambili, the sickness
is still directed forwards i. c. is still making
progress.

Bekisela (Bhekisela), v. Help a person to
look for something (doub. ace).

29 BE

Ex. we! wox'ungibekisele iiuali yami, here!
conic and help me look for niv money.

Bekisisa (Bhekisisa), v. Look, look at, or
look for very carefully; be very careful,
cautious, etc.

Ex. into woyibekisisa, unyakayitcnyi, yon

should look at a thing properly before you
buy it.

um-Beko (s.k.),n.5. Meal or beer placed
for the ama-Dhlozi; beast sent along
with a bride by her father on ber wed-
ding-day as a present to the bride-
groom's people to be slaughtered by
themf isi-Godo, eyokukulekela ukuzala
abantwana) it is gen. accompanied by
another fine bullock (eyokucela izinko-
mo) which itself is accompanied by ;i
third, but gen. smaller beast (i(li)-Shoba
or u(lu)-Swazi), both of which remain
in the kraal unslaughtered. Although
the name mu-Beko is gen. applied only to
the first beast, the plur. im-Beko is used
to denote the whole three collectively.

ubu-Bekubeku (Bhekubeku), n. General

commotion of spirited activity, as below.

Bekuza (Bhekuza), v. Turn up or throw
up the buttocks, tail, etc., as a buck does
its tail, or its rump when running, or a
fowl when scratching, or a woman when
strutting about at a dance; hence, act or
talk rudely to a person (ace with ela
form); do, or work away at anything
with spirit or energy, as when hoeing,
walking, etc. = pekuza; beluza.

isi-Bekuza (Bhekuza), n. Tail of any kind of
buck or goat (= isi-Belu; cp. um-Tsho-
kodo); spirited, energetic, industrious
person (= isi-Pekupeku); certain dance
ceremony, of the women, etc., at the at-
taining to puberty of a girl or a boy
(used with ukw-enza -- the custom how-
ever is now almost obsolete).

Bele, aux. verb, expressing 'constantly,
repeatedly, continually' = de, jinge, si-
nge, etc.
Ex. ubel'esho, he is always saying so.

i(li)Bele (with the voice raised ami the
vowel slightly lengthened in the last syl-
lable), n. Far of Kafir-corn (Sorghum
vulgare); plur. ama-Bele, Kafir-corn (col-
lectively) in gen. sense, whether as grain,
or in growing plant; beer made there-
from (=u(bu)-7shwala). Cp. u-Jiba\
u-Nukane; i(li)-Hlosa [prob. so named
from the resemblance of the pendulous
ears to the female breast see below.
Hi. bajree, kind of millet (Pennisetum
Typhoidewm); warree, another kind of
millet {Panicum miliaceum); Fulbe,

BE

30

BE

Centr. Air. bairi, sorghum; Adam, mair
wari; Bor. ngaberi; B«>. u-hemba; Sw.
ma-btta, millet-stalks; Ga. mwembe, mil-
let; Ku. ma-hele = Z. uNyawoti; Ku.
mefe, sorghum; Yr/. ma-pemba, sorg-
hum; ma-bele, la-easts; Reg. che-bele, pi.
me-bele, maize].

Phr. uku-dhla amabele, to drink beer i.e.
to enjoy existence or life, be living.

P. wodhliwa indoda, (the ama-bete) will be
eaten by a man /. *. a smart fellow = he
will have to be a smart fellow to get any
kafir-beer this season owing to some adverse
circumstance) — applied similarly to any
other difficult thing which it will require
unusual smartness to attain.

ibele lendhlela kali rut tea, the ear of corn
(growing on a pathway doesn't get ripe (it
cannot thrive well under the treatment of
many passers-by] — said of a person who
is constantly bothered by travellers through
living too near a high-way.

i(li)-Bele (with the voice lowered on the
last syllable),;?. Female breast; udder,
of an animal. Cp. isi-Bele; um-Bele [Gr.
phele, nipple; Lat. uber, fruitful; felo,
I -nek; fe-mina, woman; pectus, breast;
0. B. dete, infant; Ar. ba'ara, cow;
]\IZT. i-bele, breast; Her. vere; Bo. mele,
milk; ki-wele, udder; Ga. ma-were,
breast; Sw. ma-ziwa, Chil. ma-siba,
breasts comp. with Xo. ama-zimba,
Kafir-corn (wh. latter in Z. is ama-bele);
also comp. Ze. ma-tombo, breasts; Kag.
ma-tombe; Go. ma-tombu with Z. imi-
tombo, malt of Kafir-corn; uku-tomba,
to attain to puberty].

i(li)-Bele (Bhele), n. = um-Belenja.

isi-Bele (pronoiinc. as i(li)-Bele, breast), n.
'Place' <>f the breast i. e. rudimentary
lueast of a young girl below puberty,
or of a man (cp. i-nGono); pneumonia
with abscess or gangrene of the lungs
(from the pain felt about the nipple).

um-Bele (pron. as above), n. 5. Teat, of
an animal; fleshy appendage hanging
beneath the throat of a goat.

ubu-Bele (pron. as above), n. Tender feel-
ing, compassion.

i(li)-Beleba (Bheleba), n. Serious affair,
event, lawsuit, etc.; also = i(li)-Bele
(Jlhrle).

i(li)-Belebele (Bhelebhele), n. = um-Bele-
bele; also i(li)-Tweletwele.

um-Belebele (Bhelebhele - no plur.), n. 5.
Seed-pod or pods of the irnGotsha bush,

and which somewhat resemble green
chillies in shape and are eaten by the

Xativ

um-Belebele, n. o. A never-ending affair,

as a long rigmarole of a story, a never-
ending lawsuit, or any persistently wor-
rying matter; loc. emBelebeleni, the
name of one of Shaka's military-kraals.

Ex. ngafa umbelebelel I died of an endless
thing! — said by a man in reference to some
person or affair that is an everlasting worry,
never seeming to leave him alone.

Belekeqa (Bhelekeqa), v. = ukuti belekeqe.

Belekeqe, ukuti (Bhelekeqe, ukuthi), v. Be
broad, widely spread or opened out, as
a wide hut, or sleeping mat; part, cut,
or open widely apart, make gape, as a
person's head (ace.) with a blow from an
axe; get widely parted, as the seed-
leaves of a sprouting plant.

isi, or um-Belekeqe (Bhelekeqe), n. o. Any
broad, widely spread-out thing, as a
wide hut, meat-tray or mat.

isi-Belekexa (Bbe/eke.ra), n. = isi-Belekeqe.

i-mBeleko (Bheleko), n. Skin used for
supporting an infant when carried on
the back ; hence, hood ; beast presented
by a father, for slaughtering purposes,
to his daughter soon after her marriage
and for which she makes a visit to her
home in order to hold there the feast.

Phr. akulahlwa 'mbeleko nga'kufelwa, the

child's sack is not thrown away (absolutely
through one's children dying) = there is al-
ways still hope of a child living; never de-
spair on account of present adversities.

upakati kwomhlana nembeleko, he isbetweeu
the back and the sack i. e. is crying, like
a child, even when comfortably carried on
the mother's back — said of one who grum-
bles even when well off.

i(li)-Belelendhlovu, n. Certain tree {Kige-

lia pinnata) (X).
u(lu)-Belendhlovu, n. Variety of the female

breast, in which the organ is unusually

large and long. Cp. i-iiKomane; isi-Pofu;

um-Nqadula; um- Vongoto.

um-Belenja (Bhelenja), n. 5. Skin of any
small animal worn hanging as a frontal
dress (in place of the isi-Xe?ie, q. v.) by
men, and sometimes by girls when in
'un-dress' within their homes = i(li)-
Bele (Bhele).

Beiesela, v. Be always at a person (ace.)
in a worrying, harassing way, as when
dunning him for payment of a debt (with
nga), bothering him with persistent beg-
ging or following, or when constantly
teasing him about some old fault. Cp. be-
dhla; fukamela; fundekela; fundamela.

Beieta (Beletha), v. Give birth, as to a
child (ace), only used of women; carry
straddled on the back, as an infant (ace.)

BE

in the i-mBeleko, Or a person over a
stream; also ' i/casl/rla [Ar. wili.d, bear
(child); Ka. Ga. bereka, carry on back;
Her vereka; Ya. yeleka; Bo. <?/«/ra].

Phr. iiku-bclctu ixinyawo, to carry one's
feet on one's back «'. e. to hasten along.

Beletisa (Belethisa), v. Help to bring
forth, as a midwife assisting a woman
(ace); attend such a woman (ace.) in
child-birth; cause a person to carry ano-
ther (doub. ace.) on the back i.e. assist
him or her thereto.

Phr. uku-yi-beletisa (intombaxema) itunga
— see i(li)-Tunga.

u(lu)-Belo, n. Great swiftness, as of an
arrow or race-horse 'jFJying' (C.N.) Cp.
isi-Qubu; i(li)-Jubane. [Reg. lu-biru,
haste].

um-Belo (Bhelo), n. 5. Method of building
a cattle-kraal with the long stakes, lean-
ing from the inside and outside upon a
common central rail, closely packed side
by side; method of sewing beadwork, in
which the beads are drawn closely to-
gether, leaving no interstices as in the
i(li)-Tambo. See isi-Twetwe.

Belu, adv. used only as an expletive, to
gently or politely emphasize, and often

/equiv. to such Eng. expressions as 'just,
i then, of course, you know, etc'

Ex. kahleni bclit! hold on! just wait a bit!

e! yenxani belu! now then, fire away!

mjiijexa belu! I am just comiug (so be
patient a moment, or, be continuing
slowly).

niyakaxiva bel/t pambili, you will hear,
you know, on ahead.

isi-Belu (Bhelu), n. Tail of a buck or goat
(= isi-Bekuza; cp. um-Tshokodo) ; per-
son with a conspicuous 'Grecian bend'
or curving in of the spine and protrusion

^or 'turning up' of the buttocks (= u(lu)-
Belu; cp. i-mPentsula; talasa); false
alarm (cp. um-Kosi); certain bird, White-
breasted Dove (Tympanistria bicolor).

u(lu)-Belu (Bhelu), n. Afrikander cattle
(used without plur.), first brought down
from the Transvaal Basutos about the
time of Mzilikazi's raiding there, and
hence called also u(lu)-Sutu; person
with very curved back and 'turned up'
buttocks (= isi-Belu).

um-Belume (Bhelume), n. 5. Certain sea-
fish (N).

Beluza (Bheluza), v. = bekuza.

Bema (Bhema),r. Take snuff (ace; cp.
hela); smoke, as wild-hemp or tobacco
(ace), or as the hemp-horn or the pipe;
used idiomatically as below to express

31 BE

Mo do off in no time, clear away com-
pletely, make a complete end of 'a thing
(used with shay a and only in certain
connections - cp. qotula); clear Le. be
off and away in no time (cp. tita) [Her.
peuxi, blow the nose; Ovambo. oseni,
snuff-box].

Ex. washaya wabema, he was off and
away in no time, he cleared completely.

umsebenxi ngiwusliaye ngawubema, I have
polished off the job.

ixinlcomo itmbila utwushaya tatoubema,
the cattle made a clean sweep of the mealies.

Bemabema (Bhemabhema), v. Finish or
do off smartly, in no time, as work
(ace.) or mealies.

i-mBemakanyana (Bhemakdnyana), n.

Small or moderate snuffer or smoker.

i-mBemba (Bhembha), n. Kind of orna-
mental or war axe or hatchet, common
among the Swazis, consisting of a cres-
cent shaped blade of iron with a long
spike in the concavity for driving through
the end of a wooden handle. Cp. /'(//)-
Zembe.

isi-Bemba (Bembha), n. Branch of a palm
of any kind (from the drooping curve
thereof = isi-Kwepa); person bearing
the head drooping towards one side, as
a coy little child (= isi-Nxadi).

u(lu)-Bemba (Bembha), n. Anything fal-
ling, leaning, or drooping over towards
one side, as the head of some children,
an car of Kafir-corn, or a badly set
lamp-glass. Cp. u(lu)-Tsheku.

isi-Bembe (Bheembhe), n. Anything left
abandoned, without any owner or in-
heritor, as food left in the fields or
kraal by a familjr removing, property left
by an intestate man without heirs, or
girls left by a man who has no sons
to 'own' them (see i(li)-Fa); plur. izi-
Bembe, great abundance of food, as at
a feast, so that it was left uncared for
on all sides (cp. ama-Baka; isi-Bidhli-
bidhli).

u(lu)-Bembe (Bheembhe), //. —- u(lu)-Be-
mbedu.

isi-Bembedu (Bhembhedu), u. Certain
hard-wooded forest-tree.

u(lu)-Bembedu (Bhembhedu), >/. Any rigid
sheet or plate of a thing, as a bide dry
and unbendable, a tray, or plate of iron
(cp. isi-Bebe, isi-Xwexwe); stiff-backed,
stiff-necked person, moving the whole
body round when glancing sideways, as
though in one rigid piece; certain bush.

Treat tin-
or dis-

Bembesela (Bhembhesela), v.

gratefully, despise, disregard

BE 32

respect, a good parent (ace), a benefactor, .
or anyone to whom gratitude is duo. |
Cp. fulatela; talasela.

um-Bembeso (Bhembheso), n. 5. Broad
bell of stiff white ox-hide worn round
the waist by the um-Twisaswe regiment,
but from its inconvenience to the active
soldier, afterwards abolished and cut up
into a certain skin head-dress (see ubu-
Ngemane).

i(li)- Berne (Bheme), //. Large supply or
abundance of food, as at a feast (N) =
izi-Bembe.

u(lu)-Bememe (Bheme/ur), n. Agreatrush-
ing forward with overpowering force,
as of a mightily strong wind, an impi
dashing forward, or a wild grass-fire
or epidemic of disease.

Ex. mxukwana kwob&meme Iwabelungu be-
ya eNdayimana, at the time of the ou-rush
of tlic whitemen to the Diamond-fields.

kwasekusulca iibememe olukulu, thereupon
there arose a great rush forward.

Bena (Bhena), v. Curve in the back and
throw up the buttocks, as young-men
do to show off, or a horse when mount-
ed by a heavy man. Cp. bensa; talasa.

Benca (Bhenca), v. = benceza.

Bence, ukuti (Bhence, ukuthi), v. Bend
about in all directions, or back upon
itself, as anything hanging together by
a loose joint, as a snaffle-bit, or thing
allowing itself to be easily turned or
folded back upon itself without breaking,
as a piece of card board, tin, or oil-cloth
= benceka; make so bend about, turn
back or down upon itself as anything
(ace.) above; twist about in all directions
in one's talk, as an evasive, crafty talker
or one prevaricating = benceza. =ukuti
in he nee.

u Bence (Bhence), n. A snaffle-bit (T).

i(li)-Bencebence (Bhencebhence), n. One
who twists about in all directions in his
talk, an evasive crafty talker = isi-
Mbence.

Benceka (Bhenceka), v. = ukuti bence,
mbenceka.

Benceza (Bhenceza), v. = ukuti bence;
in benceza.

Bencu, ukuti (Bhencu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
lirnce.

Bencu I a (Jlhencula), v. = benceza.

i(li)-Bende or Bende (Beende), n. Blood
flowing from the bowels i.e. the vagina
(as at child-birth or during the menses),
or th<- anus (as when suffering from
piles (cp. i-n< !<r.l) ; small kind of veldt
rat (see i(li)-Gundane).

BE

u(lu)-Bende or Bende (Beende), n. Spleen;
certain splenic, disease of calves.

ubu-Bende, n. Blood found in the body
of a slaughtered beast, which is mixed
with minced-meat and eaten; used as an
adj. in the form bubende, crimson, dark
blood-red.

Phr. uku-\i-kire\a ithubende, to preserve
one's blood i. c. to take care of oneself,
guard oneself from danger.

P. ininyiliyaVona ububende, the multitude
of people spoils the collops = too many
cooks spoil the broth.

um-Bendeni, n. 5. = u-Ndicosho.

Bend h la, v. = lendhla.

u-Bendhle or Bendhle (Bcendhle), n. 1. =

ub-Endhle.
Benga, v. Cut meat (ace.) into a long rope-
like strip, for roasting over the fire ;
cut, off a long strip of anything, as hide
(ace.) to make a reim, by a succession
of small slits, not by one clean cut (cp.
caya, cakaza); cut up or cut a strip
out of the veldt (ace), by burning suc-
cessive small patches forming a zigzag
line; cut up a person (ace), by blows
with a stick dealt right and left on the
head.
Benge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti benye.
i-mBenge (Bhenge), n. Small Native basket,
about the size of a large bowl (cp. um-
Helo; i(li)-Qoma) ; the pileus or cap of
a mushroom (= i-mPenge).
i-mBengembenge (Bliengembhenge) n. Ser-
ious, nasty-looking affair or law-case
( = i(li)-Beleba); bad-tempered, cross-
grained person.
Bengezela, v. — benyezela.
um-Bengo, n. 5. Piece of meat slit zigzag,
fashion so as to lengthen it, for roasting,
into a long thin strip.
Bengu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = bengula.
Bengu, ukuti (Bhengu, ukuthi), v. = be-
ngula (bhengxda); benguka; benguza.
isi- Bengu (Bhengu), n. Wild or furious
rising up, as of people in a tumult, a
raging fire, or furious wind.

Ex. ummja (or umlilo, or abantu) sebesusx
isibengx, the wind (or fire, or people) are
now getting wild, furious.
u(lu)-Bengu, n. Outer-skin or sheath of a
stick of imfe or a stalk of tambootie-
grass, and which is somewhat sharp,
and removed when eating or dressing.
isi-Bengubengu (Bhengubhengu), n. = isi-

Bengu.
Benguka (Bhenguka), v. Get thrown or
tosed wildly up or about, as a man's

BE

blanket by a strong wind, or a grass-
fire when blown furiously about.

Bengula, v. Cover or go over a greal

stretch of country (ace.) very quickly, :is

S a grass-fire going rapidly forward, or a

quick walker covering a long distance

in a very short time.

Bengula (Bhengula), v. Throw or toss
wildly up or about, as a furious wind
might a man's blanket (ace), or the
flames of a grass-fire (= benguza); do or
go furiously, with wild vehemence, as
a grass-fire in the wind or a routed impi
retreating.

Benguza (Bhenguza), v. Drive wildly for-
ward or about, as a great wind might
a grass-fire.

Bentsa (Bhentsa), v. Turn up the buttocks,
as a person with a deeply curved back
S (used in perf.) ; turn up the buttocks at
(metaphor.) i. e. be saucy, insolent, con-
temptuously rude to a person (ace. with
ela from) = bona, talasa.

Phr. ubentse amabuka, he has his poste-
riors swollen out with tapeworms — vulgar
term of abuse used by women (C.N.).

i(li)- Bentsa (Bhentsa), n. Follower or at-
tendant, living on the good things of
his lord (C. N.).

isi-Bentse (Bhentse), n. Person with deeply
curved back, throwing the chest forward
and the buttocks up = isi-Belu.

Benu, poss. adj. Your— with nouns of 1st.
el. plur. — see enu.

u(lu)-Benyane, n. Certain kind of grass
(Op lismenus A fricanus) .

Benye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = benyezela.
, i-mBenyeka (Bhenyeka), n. Indecency of
sitting on the buttocks with the thighs
opened far apart (N.).

i-mBenyeza (Bhenyeza), n. (C.N.) == i-m-
Benyeka.

Benyezela, v. Glitter, as bayonets in the

/sun ; glisten, as a diamond ; flash, as a
mirror reflecting light = cwazizela, ba-
zimula.

i(li)Beqe (Bheqe), n. Strip of dry skin, of
the i-nTsimango, i-nTsimba, etc., worn
dangling on each side of the head before
the ears, as a full-dress ornament at the
um-Kosi, wedding-dance, etc.; hence,
blinker; pi. ama-Beqe, a kind of after-
dress of men made of strips of i-nTsi-
mango skin.

isi-Beqe (Bheqe), n. Large, broad, flat thing,
like a tobacco-leaf; skin sleeping-mat of
infants = isi-Beqeza.

i(li), or isi-Beqeza (Bheqeza), n. = isi-Beqe.

33 BE

i(ii)-Beshu (Bheshu), n. Skin buttock-co-
vering, of males. Cp. umtt-Tsha; isi-Ne-
ne; i-nJobo; i(li)-Dhlaka.

Ex. uku-binca ibeshu, to Lrinl on or wear
the buttock-covering.

Beshuza or Beshubeshuza (Bheshuza or
Bheshubheshuza), v. Throw up the rump
when running, as a buck <>r goat ; go
about 'throwing up the rump or tail'
(metaphor.), as a woman in a very Bhort,
stiffly sitting isidwaba; go off 'throw-
ing up the rump' i.e. go <>r run off con-
temptuously, as a refractory child when
ordered to do anything by its mother.

Beta (Betha), v. Strike, as a nail (ace.)
with a hammer, or a person with a stick ;
beat, work by striking, as a smith iron
(ace. = kanda); pelt, as hail a person
or field, or boys throwing stones; blow
a pleasant breeze, as the wind [Skr.
badh, strike; Aug. beta, strike; Her.
vela; Kamb. atlia; Ku. wata; (Ji. }>nfa\.

Ex. ixwe elibeftimoya, a country which
blows pleasantly i. e. a cool, airy, breezy
locality.

ivmoya ubefa ka/mnanjatut namhla, there
is a pleasant breeze to-day.

Phr. ikanda lake libetih, his head recedes,
he has a receding head. Comp. buya.

uku-beta ikwelo, to whistle

uku-beta ihlombe, to clap the hands.

uku-beta ugubu, to play the organ or piano.

urn-Bete (Beetlie).n. 5. Dew, or drops left
by rain upon the grass (= ama-Zolo -
the latter use is merely by comparison);
hairiness about the belly (= nbu-Hirn-
nqa).

Betela (Bethel a), v. Knock or drive in, as
a nail (ace.) into a board; nail, fix with
nails or pegs, as the board (ace.), the
soles of boots, or a fresh skin to dry;
drive in or set up a stake for charm-
ing off evil, as lightning (ace), etc.;
clap the hands, or beat the hide for, as
is done for a witch-doctor (ace).

Betelela (Bethelela), v. Operate on or 'fix'
a girl (ace), as a young-man does by
certain love-medicines (see isi-Betelel<>)\
(C.N.) put up to fight, as cattle (ace.)
or boys (see qata).

isi-Betelelo (Bethelelo), n. Any love-medi-
cine used for the purpose of vku-bete-
lela.

N.B. Take of the i-mBambda (cuttle-fish).
u-Manaye (plant), u-Nginakile (plant), u-Zi-
lilo (plant), ama-Futa engwe (leopard's fat)
and u-Lukuningomile (plant), each a part
and mix with the spittle of any particular
girl and your own ; place all, carefully cov-
ered up, beneath a projecting rock in some

BE

precipice, and the girl is 'fixed' firmly to
you against all comers!
i(li)Beto (Betho), n. Native smithy or forge
= isi-Tando.

Ex. ingttbo wayinikwa isapuma ebetweni,
mimic is'inje! he was given the blanket just
new from the factory or store, and now it
is like this !

Betu (Bethu), poss. adj. Our— used with
nouns of the 1st. el. plur. — see etv.

u(lu)-Betubetu (Bethubethuk n. = u(lu)-
Shangashanga.

Betuza (Bethuza), v. = s hang a.

Beva (Bheva), v. Be wild, fierce, furious,
as an ill-tempered dog or an irascible
man at another (ace. with ela from) =
bava, bova. Cp. bovumula.

Ex. iibeve ngolaha mdhlini, he is wild with

rape in the hut.

isi-Beva (Bheva), n. Fierce, passionate
man, given to getting in a rage; (C.N.)
one with very strong animal passions,
a lecherous person. = isi-Bova.

um-Beva (Bheva), n. 5. Manner of casting
lots (ukwenza umbeva) practised by
herd-boys, wherein two of them grasp a
stick hand over hand until the top is
reached. The one to whom the last
place falls must then hold the stick
swinging between his forefinger and
thumb, while the other, with a jerk, en-
deavours to throw it from him. If he
succeeds, he is considered free, and the
other must go and look after the cattle
(N).

ubu-Beva (Bheva), n. Lewdness, lecherous-
ness (N).

Bevumula (Bhevumula), v. = bovumula.

i-mBewu (Bliewu — no plur.), n. Seed, of
any description (for planting purposes, not
in the mere sense of a 'grain' = i-nTla-
m vii); (C.N.) stock or race of people,
etc. (= u(lu)-Hlobo). Cp. i-nTLwanyelo.
[Sw. Bo. mbeyu; MZT. im-bezu; Mo.
beu],

Phr. iiiihririi ihlaleCihlanga layo, the seed
waits for its old ground = I am hiding my
time, everything comes round to those who
wait.

u-Bewula (Bhewula), n. Section of the u-
Mbonambi regiment.

Beza, v. Glitter, as dew on the grass in
the sun; vibrate shiningly, as the hot
air on a plain = ukuti beze.

um-Beza (Bheza), n. 5. = um-Embesa.

Beze or Bezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = beza.

Bezezela or Bezizela, v. = beza,

Bi, adj. Bad, in any sense, moral or phy-

34 BI

cal; hence, wicked, as a person or deed;
evil, as an omen; dangerous, grievous,
as a disease; serious, grave, as a matte]-;
unpleasant to the eye, deformed, ugly ;
disagreeable, unpleasant to the feelings;
nasty, unpleasant to the taste; difficult,
troublesome, hard, as any work; worth-
less, useless, inferior of quality, as a coat;
in bad condition, out of order, unhealthy,
unsound, as a dirty vessel, an untidy
hut, or a deranged stomach [Pers. bud,
bad; Ar. battal; Hi. buret; Goth, ttbils;
Ger. iibel; Eng. evil; Ga. Gu. Ru. etc. bi;
Su. Her. vi; Sha. wiwi; Ko. kiwa; Ya.
ehimwa; Kam. cheha; Heh. Kag. etc.
keha; Ze. weha; Go. yeha ; Sw. bay a],

Ex. kubi lewake (ukuhlu/peka, uhveba, etc.)
kunoBani, his (affliction, thieving, etc.) is
worse than that of So-and-so.

Bi (Bhi), adj. Same as above, the aspira-
tion being introduced when the b fol-
lows an m.

Ex. umfana omubi, a bad boy.
indoda embi (embhi), a bad man.
Bi, ukuti (Bhi, ukuthi -- with prolongation
of the vowel), v. = biba; bibisa; also =
bhiza.

isi-Bi, n. Little bit of (vegetable) rubbish
or sweepings, lying about on a floor,
floating in the air or in the water (=
isi-Longosha); small pimple growing or
formed on the eyeball, as from a form-
ing cataract or thorn-prick (cp. uni-La-
nga; um-Tuqwa).

Phr. Icithwti ntlougasibi, it is an open, ex-
posed country, without a scrap of vegetation
(save grass).

us'exibini, she is in the rubbish i.e. in
childbirth, from the practice of women in this
condition lying on cut-grass.

ubu-Bi,/>. Badness, of any kind, moral or
physical, as above — see bi.

Biba (Bhibha), v. Spin round (intrans.) ;
whirl round, revolve, as a top, a wheel,
or stick when twirled round in the hand ;
spread, as a sore (= hlentleteka) ; qui-
ver, vibrate rapidly, as a reed or assegai
(== veva, vevezela).

im-BTba (Bhiiba), n. Striped field-mouse,
in some parts hunted for and eaten by
boys = u-Hazula, tim-Tendekazana.
Cp. i(li)-Gundane.

isi-Biba, n. = isi-Hluuiju.

i(li)-Bibane, n. Chaps or sores forming be-
neath the toes, in scrofulous persons. Cp.
ama-Tele.

Bi'be, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Appear in great
numbers, as people or cattle.

Bfbi, ukuti (Bhibi, ukuthi), v. Fall to pieces

Bl

35

Bl

broadly, get spilt out in a wide- spread,
scattered manner, all over the place, as
water from a broken vessel, mud from

a wall, or mealies from a fallen sack —
bibika; make anything (ace.) so to fall
or get spilt scatteringly about - bibiza.

i(li)-Bibi, ». Weeds or vegetable refuse ga-
thered together in one place, as in a field
or at a river's'-edge ; sometimes applied to
dry overgrown veldt-grass that has
escaped being burnt off; immensely big
broad person 'appropriating all the
room' t<> himself (= isi-Kukulugu) ; any
one of the inferior wives attached as
subordinates to any of the chief Ivnts in
a Zulu kraal (see i-nDhlunkulu) [Bo.
wiwi, weeds; Sw. ma-biwi, rubbish-
heapsj.

ama-Bibi (no slay.), n. Weeds lying about
uncollected in a hoed-field; also plur.
of preceding, i.e. weed or rubbish-heaps.

Bibidhla, v. Bubble at the mouth, pass out
dribble or food (ace), as an infant (cp.
gxaza); come 'bubbling' out, as water
at a spring.

Bibika (Bhibika),v. = ukuti bibi.

i-mBibika (Bhibika), n. Mouth witli big,
hanging lower-lip 'all fallen abroad.' Cp.
isi-Mbence; isi-Bumbulu; isi-Xukulu.

i-mBi'bimbibi (Bhibimbhibi), n. Thing fal-
len broadly to pieces or scattered all
about; hence = isi-Bidhlibidhli, isi-Bi-
kibiki.

Bibisa (Bhibhisa), v. Make spin or whirl
round, as a top (ace.) or wheel, as above
— see biba = ukuti bi.

Bibiteka (Bibitheka), v. Break up in the
face, look on the point of crying, as a
child = bihla, bihlilika.

Bibiyela, v. Collect and clear away rub-
bish (ace.) in a newly-hoed field.

Bibiza (Bhibiza), v. = ukuti bibi.

Bibiza (Bhibhiza), v. (C.N.) = bibidhla;
bubuza.

Bibizela (Bhibhizela), v. Whistle on, set
on or excite by whistling, as dogs (ace.)
y at a buck, or the bull when serving a
cow. Cp. hdha; shishizela.

Bici, ukuti (Bind, ukuthi), v. = bicika;
biciza.

u-Bici (Bhlci), n. Small-pox (so named at
the time of the violent epidemic in Zu-
luland).

u(lu)-Bici (Bliiei), n. Purulent matter exu-
ding from the eye when diseased. Cp.
ubu-Tuku.

Bicika (Bkicika), v. Give forth, or run
with, thick oozing exudation, as a per-

son's body when covered with running
sores, or as a dirty dish-cloth exuding
greasy filth when pressed = ukuti bid.

i-mB'i'cimbici (Bh/tcimbhici), n. Oozing

exudation, as eomes from a sore, or a
greasy dish-cloth when washed.

Biciza (Bhiriza), v. Make give forth an
oozing exudation, as a dirty dish-cloth
(ace); make come forth, squeeze out, as
the greasy filth (ace.) therein.

um-Bicosho (Bhicosho), n. 1. - see n-Mhi-
cosho.

Bidhli, ukuti (Bhidhli, ukuthi), v. = bi-
dhlika; bidhliza.

i(li)-B7dhli (Bhiidhli), n. Thing numerously
scattered on all sides, an immense quan-
tity or number, as of people at a feast,
or crops at a harvest; big, widely affect-
ing affair (— isi-Bidhlibidhli); any
hobby, or petty fashion in dress, adopted
by a person for a short time then
dropped ; person who has the habit of
commencing things, then abandoning
them unfinished.

Phr. ain/ina'bid//!/ kuloko, I have no in-
terest or concern with that; it is not my
hobby or affair = angina'budhlu, or 'dudhlu.

um-Bfdhli (Bhiidhli), n. 5. Immense num-
ber or quantity of things thickly scat-
tered about, as people, cattle, food, etc.;
also applied to the famous proclamation
of Sir T. Shepstone fixing the lobola
cattle at ten head, the reference being
to the multitude of girls who got mar-
ried in consequence thereof (= isi-Ta-
bataba).

isi-Bidhlibidhli (Bhidhlibhidhli), n. Things
scattered numerously about; hence, great
multitude, as of cattle ; immense quantity,
abounding wherever one looks, as of
food at a feast; big, serious affair, ex-
tensive in its circumstances or effects;
hugely fat person or animal, with fat
falling abroad on all sides; lump of
jelly-like thing, seeming to shake to
pieces broadly on all sides = i-mBibi-
mbibi, i-mBikimbiki, i-mBikiza, urn-
Bidhli.

Bidhlika (Bhidhlika), v. Get scattered
abroad, fallen apart or in pieces, as a
big crowd dispersing from a meeting,
an immense quantity of food all scattered
about at a feast, a sod wall or pile of
books all fallen down apart. Cp. bihla,
bihlika.

Bidhliza (Bhidhliza), v. Cause to get so
scattered about or fallen down ; hence,
throw down, knock down, shake down,
the wall, books (ace), etc., as above. Cp.
bihliza.

Bl 36

i(li)-Bidi (Bhidi), n. Variegated thing, com- I
mingling various colours, as a lot of
beads of different kinds, a tortoise-shell
cat, etc.

izi-Bidi (Bhidi - no sing.), n. Sediment,
dregs, deposit (properly only when set-
tled at the bottom of a vessel) = izi-Di-
hi, izi-Dibiza, i-nZika, izi-Cucu; cp.
i-nGqubu.

Phr. hroba ixibidi, there will be a general
mixing up, lively times, excitement, merry-
making, as at a kraal on the day of a wed-
diner-feast.

Bidiliza (Bhidiliza), v. Do anything in an
unskilled, imperfect, bad manner, as a
man any work with which he is not
well acquainted, or a foreigner or
child talking in a language he does not
yet know = pitiliza. Cp. potoloza.

Bihla, v. Fall softly apart or to pieces,
as a clay vessel while still soft in the
making, bread before baking, the flesh of
a person broken out in sores; break up
about the face, as a child when about
to cry (= bibiteka) = ukuti bihli, bi-
hlika. Cp. bidhlika; kixika.

Bihli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = bihla, bihlika;
bill li^d.

Ex. bati bihli, bebaleka, they ran off dis-
persed in all directions.

um-Bihli, n. 5. Old person (mostly women)
with fallen, hanging chops. Cp. um-Bi-
m hi.

isi-Bihlibihli, n. Big, fat, flabby person =
isi-Bikibiki.

Bihlika (s.k.),v. = bihla, ukuti bihli. Cp.
kixika.; bidhlika.

isi-Bihlikana (s.k.),n. = um-Bihli; also
' little crying thing ' of a child, who breaks
into tears for nothing.

Bihlilika (s.k.),v. = bibiteka.

Bihliza, v. Make to fall softly apart or
into pieces, as a clay-vessel (ace), etc,
as above - - see bihla. Cp. bidhliza, ki-
xiza.

Bihlizeka (s.k.),v. = bihlika.

Bija (Bhija), v. Concentrate or 'focus' the
eyes, so as to follow or see clearly any
distant object; follow up with the eyes,
find, 'spot' a thing (ace.) being searched
for; put on, wear, an armlet of grass or
wire (ace.).

um-Bijazane (Bhijazane), n. 5. Stalk of
the isirKonko grass twisted into an arm-
lei for wearing (= um-Bijo); sometimes
applied to the stalks of such grass
generally.

Bije, ukuti (Bhije, ukuthi), v. Penetrate or

Bl

pierce into deeply, as a thorn or assegai
into the flesh; make so to penetrate
deeply, thrust deeply in, as an assegai
(ace). = ukuti hlose.

Bijelezela (Bhijelezela), v. Empty or clear
out entirely, leaving nothing behind, as
water (ace.) from a bucket, mealies from
a basket; pour or let out the whole of
an affair = tshopolotela, minyelezela.

Bijelezi, ukuti (Bhijelezi, ukuthi) v. = bi-
jelezela.
um-Bijizane (Bhijizane), n.= um-Bijazane.

i(li)-Bijo (Bhijo), n. (C.N.) = um-Bijazane.

um-Bijo (Bhijo), n. 5. = um-Bijazane;
beadwork string, worn round the neck
or loins (= um-Gingqo); also = um-
Bijongo.

um, or u(lu)-Bijongo (Bhijongo), n. 5. Any
tall-standing thing with perpendicular
sides, like a coffee-tin or tar-drum, as
some Native vessels, a man's head-ring
when grown high, or a 'chimney-pot'
hat = um-Bosho. Cp. um-Patsha.

Bika (s. k.), v. Report, as an occurrence or
a person (ace.) to somebody (with ku) —
see bikela [Bo. bilikia, announce].

Ex. 'nkosi! ngixa 'kubika uHamu, ukuti
uyagula, sir! I come to report Hamu, that
he is sick.

P. babik'imbiba, babik'ibu-J, they report a
field-mouse, then they report a field-rat, i. t.
they first report one thing, then another.

ohivahluV amadoda kuyabikwa, that which
beats men is a thing to be reported, i. e. is
something unusual one would like to hear
= there's nothing a man of intelligence and
will cannot do.

i(li)-Bika (s.k.),n. Any insect, bird, etc.,
as the i-Nqomfi, i-nTendele, mylabris
beetle, etc., whose appearance in a kraal,
field, etc., is supposed to foretell, gene-
rally something good, that is about to
happen. Cp. isi-Hlabamhlola.

Bikela (s. k.), v. Report a thing or person
to another person (doub. ace).

Bikezela (s. k.), v. Announce beforehand,
foretell, as any event (ace).

Bikelana (s.k.),v. Report things (ace) to
one another (with na).

Bi'ki b'iki, ukuti (ukuthi - - s. k.), v. = biki-
za, bikizela.

i(li), isi, or u(lu)-BVkibiki (s. k.), n. Anything
of a shaky nature, as jelly or cold por-
ridge; hugely fat person, whose flesh
shakes as he walks (= isi-Bihlibihli);
large abundance of food, as at a feastj
great multitude, as of a cattle = isi-Bi-
dhlibidhli, i-mBibimbibi, i(li)-Likiliki.

Bl

i-mBikicane (Bhikicane), n. — i-mBiliklca-
ne.

i-mBikihla (Bhikihla), n. Certain forest-
tree, used for sticks.

i-mBV kimbiki (Bhikimbhiki), n. = i(li)-Biki-
biki.

Bikinqa (Bhikinqa), v. = binqa.

Bikiza (s.k),v. Shake (trans, or intrans.),
as a person might jelly (ace.) on a plate,
or as the jelly itself; prepare food abun-
dantly, as when grinding much corn
(ace.) for a beer-drink, a large quantity
of snuff, etc. See isi-Bikibiki.

i-m Bikiza (Bhikiza), n. - - i(li)-Bikibiki.

u{\u)-BMz3i-(s.k.),7i. = i(li)-Bikibiki.

Bikizela (s. k.), v. Shake tremulously or
with a quivering motion, as jelly, a
bouse in a strong wind, the body with
nervous twitchings (cp. hlasimula), or
sheet-ligbtning = likizela.

urn, or i-mBiko (s.k.),n.5. Report, mes-
sage, gen. of something important that
has happened.

Bila, v. Boil, as water (intrans. — the
word referring to the bubbling action of
the water; hence, not in trans, sense,
for potatoes, etc. - - see peka); ferment
(intrans.), as beer; boil with rage [Lat.
bullio, I bubble; Hi. ubalna, boil; Ka.
bira, boil; Ga. bimba, boil over; MZT.
pia, cook ; Sw. pika, cook ; Bo. bilibili,
heat].

Ex. amanxi abilayo, boiling water.

(inianxi abilileyo, boiled water (but ama-
-.nmbatie apekiweyo, boiled potatoes).

Phr. uZulu wabilisa okwemamba, the

Zulus were furiously enraged or excited (as

in a battle).

i-m Bila (Bhila),n. South-African daman

or cony (Hi/ rax capensis). Cp. i-nGola.

P. imbila yaswela umsila ngokuyalexela,

the cony got to be without a tail through
having given directions (to others to fetch
him one at their distribution) = if you want
a thing done, do it yourself.

wo\ 'ufike kwa'MgaduM, kwa' MbilamfUope,
you will come to arrive at Mgaduli's, where
Mr. White-cony lives (a white cony not
existing) — ridiculing the useless ambitiou
of a person.

> N.B. To drive away thunder or rain, the
Natives burn the skin of a cony; but for

/I bringing rain the porpoise is the powerful
\ specific!

isi-mBila (Bhila), n. - - see isi-Mbila.
um-Bila (Bhila), n. 5. -- see um-Mbila.
i-mBilapo (Bhilapho), n. Groin, in man.
i-mBilati (Bhilathi), n. Bone of the fore-

37 Bl

arm (tibia), or fore-leg of beasts (C. N.
fr. Xo.) the word seems to be now

unknown in Zululand, although the fol-
lowing phrases are used in rare eases
by the women, e.g. uku-ma (or uku-tu-
/</) ngembilati, to go on persistently at
a thing, peg away at it (with the feet in
walking, or the tongue in talking).

Phr. seniloku n'ema ngembilati, ningasipu-

unci, you have been now ever so long driv-
ing away (walking), without giving us a rest,
yiloku icit in undo, ngembilati, he was con-
tinually driving away at him (with the tongue,
e.g. to get him to agree to something, or
when scolding him, etc.).
i-mBTle (Bhiile), n. = i-mBilenibilana.
u(lu)-BTIebile, n. Any very rich, fatty food
of a soppy or mashy nature, as fat <>i'
meat minced with Vegetables, a bean
mash mixed with much butter or oil,
etc. = isi-Bilibili, isi-Biliboco.
Bilela, v. Boil with rage at a person (ace.);
boil over a person i.e. befal with vehe-
mence, as an outbreak of sickness in a
kraal.
i-mBilembilana (Bhilembhilana), n. Small
quantity, i.e. small brewing, oiurtshwala,
as for private consumption = i-mBile.
Bili, adj. Two [Ga. Co. MZT. bill; Sw.
pili; Nyam. wiri; Fer. iba; Ba. ibali;
Ang. yari; Her. vari; Kamb. kele; Sang.
wili; Heh. wile].
Bili (Bhili), adj. same as preceding, the
aspiration being introduced when the b
follows an m.

Ex. abaiif/i dba-bili, two people.

ixindhht exim-bhili, two houses.

isi, or ubu-Bili, n. The second place.

Ex. inkabi yesibUi, the ox of the second
place i. e. the second ox.
isi-Bili, n. Body i. e. main trunk of a thing,
as that part of a man left after the limbs
have been cut off, or of a tree, etc.;
main or essential substance, as of an
affair; hence, sometimes equiv. to 'the
real truth', and in this sense used ad-
verbially (the use of this word, though
common in Natal, is rare in Zululand)
cp. i-nDikimba. [Bo. ndidi, truly ; Her.
ou-atyiri, truth; Sw. kweli, truth].

Ex. isibili! or impela isibili! it's a fact!
indeed! on my word! honour bright! (N).

us'emukik isibili, he has gone off properly
uow, gone in real truth (may-lie for a far-ofl
place, or for good). (N i.

tjona (inkosi) isibili sayo, he (the chief)
his own self ( N ■ " z

kuya ngctxibili, it goes by sizes (N).

isi-Bilibili, ii. ii(Iii)-Bilebilc.

Bl
sing), n

= u(lu)Bilebile.
- ukuti bilikici;

/

izi-Biliboco (no

Bilikica (Bhilikica), t
pilikica.

i-mBilikicane (Bhilikicane), ?i. Goose-foot
(Chenopodium ambrosioides, and Ch.
vulvana) a past*1 of the leaves (Ch. vul-
varia) is said to be good as a styptic for
staying blood-flow; the leaves are also
eaten by women as imifino.

Bilikiceka (Bhilikiceka), r. = ukuti bilikici,
pilikiceka,

Bilikici, ukuti (Bhilikici, iikuthi), v. Fall
down, or come into sharp contact with
anything with a soft 'flopping, slushing'
sound, as any soft clammy fleshy thing
like a snake,' a fish, a calf when born,
or a wet hide when flung down = bili-
kiceka; make so fall i.e. throw or drop
anything down, as a snake or fish (ace.)
with a slushy flop = bilikica. See ukuti
pilikici.

i-mBilikihla (Bhilikihla), u. Certain tree
growing in coast districts.

um (plur. ?m), or izi-Bilini, n. 5. Entrails,
bowels; sometimes applied euphem. to
the sexual organs of either sex = izi-
Bindi [Lat. He, gut; pi. ilia, entrails;
Sw. ini, liver].

Phr. sekwehle ixibUini kuye, the entrails
have now sunk down in him i. p. he has
mow departed life, given up the ghost.

ukungipendida ixibilini, to turn me as to
my entrails i. e. to turn my stomach, as some
horrifying sight.

unombilini omuhle, he (or she) has a good
breeding-organ, i. e. produces fine children.

Bilisa, /'. Make to boil, as water (ace),
but not potatoes (see peka), the thought
referring merely to the bubbling of the
water.

i(li)-Bilo, n. Loose flesh at the throat i.e.
between the chin and Adam's apple.

Ex. yek'umlungu enebilo! just look at the
i-bilo or -double-chin' of the whiteman!

uxmtshontsha, ukuJduke ibilo, if you steal,
von will have a swelling under the chin (and
be detected) — said to check a child
from stealing.

u(lu)-Bilo, n. Dewlap or loose baggy skin
hanging below the throat in cattle; cer-
tain cattle disease, marked by a swelling
of the dewlap; tired, weak, fagged-out
feeling, as after heavy work or a spurt
of energy.

Ex. is'inobilo imikono, the arms are tired
out.

/- enobilo, kasaqomisi, he has had enough
of it for the present, he no longer goes about
after girls.

38 Bl

Biloza, v. Puff, pant (swellingly), as a toad,
or a fat person in a close room ; make
an ostentatious forward motion with the
head, as girls or young-men when danc-
ing a certain kind of forward movement.

i(li)-Bimbi (Bhimbi), n. One who is 'a
stupid' at anything requiring some ex-
perience or nicety of action, e. g. dancing,
singing, talking, etc., as one who is a
raw beginner thereat, or lacking in intel-
lectual aptitude = isi-Xtve, i(li)-Dhliwa.

um-Bimbi (Bhimbi), n. 5. Wrinkled, fallen
'chops' (mostly used in plur. im-Bimbi),
as of an old woman = um-Jwili. Cp.
um-Bihli.

Bimbitela (Bhimbhithela), v. Eat or drink
to the full, to satiety.

Bina (Bhina), v. Utter abhorrent, fearful,
loathsome things or expressions, as girls
or boys singing lewd songs or shouting
obscene language (not when conversing
privately), or when a father in expelling
a son from his kraal utters a curse upon
him, or a person who tells another (ace.
with ela form) that a certain calamity
will befal him if he goes such and such
a way, or a person taking any of the or-
dinary obscene Kafir oaths.

N. B. This custom of swearing by obscene
assertions or threats is very common in
, Native conversation, occurring almost in every
11 instance where, in Eng., one might emphasize
\ the truth of a statement by merely saying
'A fact!' Prevalent Native expressions of
this kind are 'dade tvetu! (= ngifunga in I ri-
de wetu, I swear by my sister i. e. that I
whould rather commit incest with her than
be now speaking a lie), 'baktvekaxi.' 'mexala!
Wlpande.' ngihidule imfibinga ka'Mpandel

Binca (Bhinca), v. Gird on, wear round
the loins, as an umu-Tsha (ace), cloth,
etc. = vata. Cp. ambata; gqoka.

Ex. nUeiKjabincile, he was not wearing
any umutsha or loin-covering.

ubincile ingwe yoke, he is wearing his
tiger-skin {umutsha).

Bincilizi, ukuti (Bhhicilizi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti minci.

isi-Binco (Bhinco), n. = isi-Vato.

BTnda (Biinda), v. Choke, obstruct as to
breathing-room, as a bone (nom.) when
sticking in a man's throat (in use nearly
niways transposed into the passive form,
as below — cp. ma; i(li)-Findo); stifle
one's inclination to speak i. <>. retain sil-
ence, remain silent, when one would
have expected a cry, a word, an answer,
etc. (mostly used as bindela).

Ex. wabindwd itambo Indian . i, he was
choked by a fish-bone.

Bl

39

Bl

P. wabmdwa isidwa, he was choked by an
isidwa stone — said of a person whose lies
have been mi exposed that he remains speech-
less = watniwa isidwa.

isi-BTnda (Biinda), n. Certain large and
hard-wooded forest tree.

BTndana (Biindana), v. Be congested,

choked for want of room, closely packed

/ together, as people in a hut, mealies in

a field, vessels in a cupboard, etc. Cp.

in in //a mi.

Bindanisa (Biindanisa), n. Make be con-
gested, choked for room, closely packed
together, as above. Cp. ntinyanisa.

BTndeka (Biindeka), v. Get balked in one's
plans, put out in one's calculations. Cp.
punduleka.

Bindela (Biindela), v. Choke oneself (meta-
phor.) i. e. not let a sound pass the
lips, keep the mouth closed, retain si-
lence, remain mute, as a man who when
hurt gives forth no cry, or, when he
ought to have spoken, remained silent.

i(li)-B7ndela (Biindela), n. One who re-
mains mute, or says nothing purposely
or by self-restraint.
um-BTndela (Biindela), n. 5. A sickness or
disease of any kind that doesn't 'open
its mouth', i. e. which, though working
away within the system, presents no
locatable symptoms for one to operate
upon ; hence, a blind abscess, dry cough,
etc.
i(ii)-B7ndi (Biindi oft. in plur. ama-BT-
ndi), u. Sorrow or painful anger tem-
porarily choking the heart, painful brood-
ing disturbance of the temper such as
gets relieved by opening one's heart to
another or by a flow of tears = isi-Di-
kozi.
isi-Bindi, u. Liver, of man or beast; cour-
age, nerve, heart for doing a thing cruel
or courageous, boldness of purpose; any
tree-growing fungus (= isi-Bindi somu-
ti); germ inside a seed, as a bean,
mealies, etc.; heart, essential internal
part of anything; heart of a country,
the interior parts, where the most im-
portant kraals are generally located;
plur. izi-Bindi — izi-Bilini [Her. ou-pe-
nda, courage; o-mbindu, blood; cp.
ti(lu)-Bende; i(li)-Bende\.

.V. />'. hibindi senywenya (crocodile's liver)
is a medicine in great request by Kafir doc-
tors for takata purposes.
u(lu)-B7ndi (Biindi), n. Thick mass, dense
multitude, as of cattle, people, as it were,
packed together (cp. u-Bintsi); a crowd-
ed or packed-together body, a combined
mass, as when the waters of two conver-

ging rivers combine together into one
great body of water, or when two pre-
viously separated fields are joined into
oik! block by ploughing up the land in
between.

i-mBindolo (Bhindolo). n- Very black, ugly
person (cp. i-nKwwhela) ; black, dirty-
looking, uninviting food.

Binela (Bhinela), e. (Jtter a word of uku-
bina q. v. at a person (ace.).

Bingelela, v. Greet, as the people in a
kraal or field might a passer-by (ace.)
or new arrival, gen. by saying sakubona.
Cp. kuleka. [Or. angelo, bring tidings;
Ga. labbilana.]

Ex. loko ukukuluma ngiyakubingelela, that
(kind) of talk I hear for the first time, it is
something new — as when expressing surprise.

i(li)-Binini (Bhinini).n. Certain climbing
plant (Embelia Krausii), whose roots
are used as remedy for tapeworm, etc.

Binqa (Bhinqa), v. Speak ironically of or
to a person (ace), praise sarcastically ;
tuck in or up about the loins, as a female
her dress (ace.) or isidwaba when work-
ing — bikinqa.

u-Bintsi (Bhintsi), n. Great multitude, im-
mense number, as of people or cattle =
isi-Bidhlibidhli; cp. u(lu)Bindi.

BVnya or Binyi, ukuti (Bhinya or Bh'inyi,
ukuthi), v. = ukuti piny a.

Binya, v. Writhe, wriggle, as a snake when
struck (used in reflect, form zi-binya)
= janquza.

Binyaza (Bhiuyaza), v. = pinyaza.

Binyila (Bhinyila), v. = ukuti pinya.

i(li)-Binza, u. Little heap or small handful
of grain placed upon the grinding-stone
forCrushing at one time; hence (meta-
phor.), a handful, small quantity, heap,
crowd, mass, etc. of anything generally.

Bipa (Bipha), v. Look downcast, sad or
breaking-up in the face, as a child about
to cry (cp. bibiteka; hlibitisa), or an
adult when grieved at hearing or an-
nouncing very sad news.

Phr. urnunta obipisile, person with a bro-
ken-up, ugly face, as though about to cry
= um-Pihlana.

Biqa (Bhiqa), v. Spit Le. string or pierce
together on a spit, as bits of meat (a
locusts, figs, etc. hloma.

u(lu)-Biqo (Bhiqo), n. String of locusts,
figs, etc., spitted on a stick, as above,
for eating or roasting u(lu)-Hlomo.

Bisha, v. Be or get bogged, sink down
deep into, as into soft mud or a bog.

u(lu)-Bishi, n. Bog, quicksand, place with

\\

Bl

very deep soft mud, as about a swamp
= um-Dabe; u(lu)-Buku. Cp. i(li)-Xa-

jiozi.

i-mBishimbishi (Bhlshimbhishi), n. = i-

nDishindishi.
i-mBishishi (Bhishishi), n. = i-nDishindi-

shi.

u(lu)-Bisi, >i. Milk (sweet - cp. ama-Si);
(C.N.) interest or profit from any thing
[Her. oma-ihi, milk; ou-ityi, honey;
\d. ubu-si, honey; (la. mu-bisi, honey;
Sw. ma-ziwa, milk, also female breasts
see i(li)-Bele. From these examples
it would seem that the original root
was si or isi, the b being merely euphonic
(cp. biza, bvl<t); which fact would be
further confirmed by the existence of
si only in the word ama-si (sour milk),
(hie might also believe there is some
connection between this word u-bisi and
honey (the 'milk' of the bee), both from
the cognate words above and from the
fart that the honey or bee-bread of a
certain kind of hornet is actually called
in Zulu ubiirSi, q. v. Kinship might
perhaps be further traced with the Z.
word a/ma-nzi (wa.ter), which in the hlo-
nipa language becomes ama-ta (see also
uku-mata, to be damp); but in Ga.
matta is 'milk'].

Bisizela (Bhisizehi).v. = dishizela.

Bixa (B'uixa), v. Smear, as a hut (ace.)
with mud; besmear, as a person (ace.)
by laying a disgraceful charge against
him = nemba, been, baceka.

Bixi bixi, ukuti (Bhi.ri bhiri, ukuthi), v.
(C.N.) = ukuti pixi pixi.

Bixilili, ukuti (Bhixilili, ukuthi), v. Be all
in a mess, disorder, mixed-up state, or
muddle, as articles in a room, or as an
affair = ukuti fitilili, ukuti xakalala.

Bixilizela (Bhixilizela), v. Slush about in
mud or rain, as a person walking along
a road, or cattle in a muddy kraal;
'slush' along i.e. go as a heavy soft
mass, as a very fat person (even when
over a dry place).

Bixizela (Bhixizela), v. = bixilizela.

Biya, v. fence in, enclose, by a hedge or

p.alisade, as Natives do their kraals (ace.

with ela form).

Biyelela, /•. Vmce off for, defend, as one
man might another (ace.) by speaking

lor him.

Biza, v. Call, a person (ace.): summon;
invite (= memo); name, designate a
person or thing (cp. ta, qamba); claim,

demand, ask, as a salesman so much
money (acc.) for his goods, <>r a person

40 BO

claiming for damages; cost, as a coat
so much money (acc.) [Lat. cito, I sum-
mon; Ar. samma, to name; Chw. bitsa,
call; Sw. Ga. Nyam. MZT. ita; Her.
isana. By comparing the Sw. ita, Her.
isana, etc., it would seem that b-iza
and uku-ta (to name) are probably mere
different forms of the same original
root, the b of the former word being
merely euphonic].

Ex. uyabixa, lo'mlungu, this whiteman
does ask high prices.

ubixa-ni ngenlcabi yako? what do you want,
or ask, for your bullock?

inkabi yako ibixa-ni? what does your bul-
lock cost ?

wambixa nyokuti uMali, he called or nam-
ed hi in Mali.

Biza (Bhiza) v. Have concern, care, or
solicitude about any person (acc.) or
thing (= naka, nakekela) ; fly off, as
sparks, chips of wood, etc. (= qasha,
ukuti bi).

Ex. kabambixile, they have no care or
concern for him (a sick person).

\-mB\za (Bhizct), n. General name for any
of the larger-sized earthenware pots in
Native use (not those used for actual
'table' use i. e. for eating or drinking
out of — see u(lu)-Kamba) ; bowl of the
hemp-horn (see i(li)-Gudu); generic
name for a large number of herbs used
as boiled decoctions, for scrofula, chest-
complaints, and blood-purifying pur-
poses generally (cp. isi-Conco; i(li)-Ka-
mbi; i(li)-Kubalo).

i-mBizazewule (Bhizazeivule), n. = um-
Pandazewule.

Bizekela (Bhizekela), v. = nakekela, bhiza.
i(li)-Bizelo, n. Matter about which one has
been summoned.

P. ibixelo ladhlHkondekaxi, the summons
was the death of the she-baboon (perhaps
referring to some fable) — used of a person
for whom the summons by his chief has
turned out ill.

i(li)-8izo, n. Name, designation, of a person
or article = i(li)-Gamu.

Ex. usaya kwcSBixobi, she has just gone
to Mr. Bad-name's.

u(lu)-Bizongo (Bhizongo), n. = u(lu)-Bijo-

Bo, int. Particle used as an enclitic, ge-
nerally at the end of a sentence or word,

into

a statement,

or

to

with

vehemence.

go

on, with you!

or.

go

BO

to throw force
urge an action
Ex. Iiauibu bn.
on, I .say!

B6, ukuti (Bho, ukuthi) v. bojoza.

i-mBo (Bho),n. Malignant malarial fever,
common about Tongaland; certain plant,
said to he used by an um-Takati to
produce such disease.

um-B6be (Bhoobe), n. 5. Butter-milk =

tiui-Qiki, iini-TiiitiK

u(lu)-Bobe, n. Dense, thickly growing, or
entangled place, as a thickly-overgrown

bushy place, or dense jungle, or a field
with the coin so close as to impede
movement; certain tree (? Entada Na-
talensis), in the bush-country.

i-mBobela (Bhobela), n. Certain very
nice edible veldt-herb, eaten as imifino.

Bobo, ukuti (Bhbbo, ukuthi), v. = boboka;
boboza.

i-mBobo (Bhobo), n. Hole, passing through
a thing (hence, not a pit = um-Godi),
as in a calabash, coat, or needle. Cp.
i-nluba.

isi-Bobo (Bhobo), n. Hole, as above ( =
i-mBobo); mouth, opening or passage
for exit, as of a river, long ravine or
pass ; also = u(lu)-Hlabo.

um-Bobo, n. 5. Sour wind belched up from
the stomach. See bodhla.

um-B6bo (Bkoobho), n. 5. Any long, nar-
row, hollow, tubular thing, as the curled-
up leaf projecting from the top of an
isi-Gceba tree, or a long narrow passage
or channel made underground by ants
or moles, a hollow reed, etc ; hence, pipe,
tube (of Europeans); a name given
originally to the gun.

u-Bobobo (Bhobhobho), n. Large intestine

or colon, of cattle = u-Popopo,
Bobodhla (Bhobhodhla), v. = bubudhla.

isi-Bobodhla (Bhobhodhla), n. Calabash
with a large-sized hole or mouth.

Boboka (Bhobolca), v. Get a hole bored,
pierced, or broken through (the thought
referring chiefly to its coming out on
the other side), as a board, calabash,
or coat (used in perl'.); get broken forth,
burst, as an abscess; come forth, get
produced, as food; break or burst out
from, as from a wood; come out, gel
stated openly, as a matter hitherto hush-
ed up; break out, get started, get set
in action, as any particular works, war,
symptoms of a disease, etc.; emerge,
come out at, find oneself eventually at,
as at a particular place.

41 BO

u-Bobokana (Bhobokana), n. One who
blurts out everything, can't keep a sec-
ret.

i-mB6bombobo (Bhbbombhobo), n. (C.N.)
= i-mBubumbubu.

i(li)-Boboni (Bhobhoni), n. Large Puff-
backed Hush Shrike (DrySOSCOpus n/f'i-
ven fris) (N.).

Bobosa (Bhobosa), v. (C.N.) = boboza.

Boboza (Bhoboza), v. Make a hole through
anything, as through a plank (ace.) with
a borer, through a calabash with a stone;
pass through, as through a forest (ace.)
(not through an open field (tabula);

make burst, i. e. open, lance, as an
abscess (ace); bring forth, produce, as
food, etc.; let out, publish openly, as a
matter hitherto hushed up; burst
through, as an impi charging the enemy
(ace); break or burst a girl (ace) through
i.e. deflower (— rnekezisa; hoboza). Cp.
cusha; ukuti cushe. [Lat. foro, 1 bore ;
Her. topora, bore; Bo. bogosa, bore;
bovusa, break through].

Boboza (Bhobhoza),v. Let 'flow' out i.e.
pass excessively, as a woman, with
uterine disease, blood through the va-
gina ; pour out talk (ace.) excessively.

um-Bobozelwa (Bhobozehva),n.5. Hole
made in the bottom of an i-gula to let
out the whey.

Boca (Bhoca), v. Beat a person (ace.)
about right and left on the body, beat tin1
life out of him, beat him till exhausted
or rendered helpless; knock up, take all
the life and strength out of one (ace.),
as famine might. See bocobala.

Boco, ukuti (Bhoco, ukuthi), v. = bocoza.

Boco, ukuti (ukuthi, s. k.), v. = ukuti foco.

isi-Boco, n. = isi-Foco.

Bocobala (Bhoeobala), v. Be in a 'knocked
out* state, powerless, done up, from ex-
haustion, famine, I -earing, etc. (used in
pert'.). See boca.

Bocoka (s. k.) v. = focoka.

Bocoza, r. = focoza.

Bocoza (lihocoza), v. Make or put a per-
son (ace.) in a knocked out, powerless,
done up state, as above see bocobala;
also = boca.

Bodhla (Blnxlhhi), r. Belch up wind (sec
um-Bobo); growl with a deep rumbling
sound, as a cat or wild-beast at night
(-: bonga); grunt, as a pig.

i-m Bodhla (Bhodhla), >t. Cat become wild

or homeless i(li)-Gola. Cp. i-mPaka.

um-Bodhlelantanyeni (Bhodhlelantanyeni),

)i. r>. Little drop of beer which a man

BO 42

drinks privately bv himself. Cp. i-mBi-
le.

Bodhlo, ukuti (Bhodhlo, ukuthi), r. = bo-
ilhi oka; bodhloza.

i(li)-Bodhlo (Bhodhlo), n. A growling or
belching, as above — see bodhla. (C.N.).

Bodhloka (Bhodhloka), v. Get smashed in
or through, as below — see bodhloza =
ukuti bodhlo.

i(li)-Bodhlolo (Bhodhlolo), n. Certain veldt-
herb, having grayish leathery leaves.

i-mBbdhlombodhlo (Bhodhlombhodhlo), n.
Person with a loud, deep, gruff, voice.

i-mBodhlongo (Bhodhlongo), n. Deep,
gruff, chest voice; bubbling of phlegm
in the chest, as of one with bronchitis
or consumption; an i(U)-Zele q. v. of an
inferior quality i. e. without any sweet
juicy pith.

Bodhloza (Bhodhloza), v. Smash through,
smash in with a crashing blow, knock
a hole or In-each through anything (ace);
bubble, as phlegm in the bronchial
tubes; speak in a deep, gruff, chest-
voice.

isi-Bodhlozi

ung

(Bhodhlozi), n. Wild, angry,
manner of action or speak-
ing, as when disputing excitedly.

Ex. watata ngesibodhloxi, he went at it
iu a violent way, as when replying to a
charge.

u(lu)-Bodongo (Bhodongo), n.

um-Bodiya (Bhodiya), n.5.
growing by rivers, the viscous fluid of
whose bulbous root is used for mix-
ing witli the u-Ngiyane in the making
of a Native headring; (C.N.) petticoat of
buckskin with brass ornaments.

= um-Pata.
Small plant

(Ji 'hodo, ukuthi), v. = ukuti

ukuthi),

Bodo, ukuti
pafa.

Bbdo bodo, ukuti (Bhbdo bhbdo,
r. bongozela.

i(li)-B6dobodo (Bhodobhodo), n. Rapidly-
growing child i.e. growing rapidly tall.
bodozela.

Bodoka (Bhodoka), v. - patazeka.

i-mBbdombodo (Bhodombhodo), u. um-
Pata.

Bodoza (Bhodoza), v. pataza.

Bodozela (Bhodozela), r. bongozela.

isi-Bofu,/>. Faint, scarcely audible voice,
speech or word, as of a very sick or
thoroughly fatigued person (the use of
the word is almost confined to the nega-
tive phrases below).

Ex. way'elek engena'sibofu, he lay incap-
able of speech, almost lifeless.

he didn't give me

BO

kangin ikanya 'sibofu,
a sound.

u(lu)-Bofu, n. = u(lu)-Futa. [Sw. ovu and
bovu, rotten ; Bo. u-ovu, rottenness ; Her.
ora, to rot].

Bohla, v. Subside, sink down, as anything
swollen, like a river or tumour, or in-
flated, like the stomach; subside, as an-
ger or noise = ukuti bohlololo; toba.

P. sobohla, 'Manyosi! it

(the

isi-Su or
tomach) will go down, Manyosi! -- referring
to a certain man who after having had the
belly fattened by the good treatment of
Dingane, afterwards ungratefully went over
to his enemy Mpande = you'll come to your
senses eventually, you'll think of it some
day.

Bohlololo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = bohla.

Boja (Bhoja), v. Thrust or poke into i. e.
burst through into something (ace.) by
thrusting, as a stick into the mud (ace),
or the clyster-horn into the rectum of a
person. Cp. joja.

i(li)-Bojane (Bhojane), n. Lying scoundrel,
bad-charactered person given to false
talking.

i(li)-Boje (Bhoje), n. Place with an excess
of subsoil water, so that when trodden
on the foot sinks deeply in, as among
the trees in some woods or even in some
exposed spots too watery for cultivation
= i(li)-Joja.

B'ojo, ukuti (Bhojo, ukuthi), v. = bojoza.

i(li)-Bbjobojo (Bhojobhojo), n. Unconcern-
ed, unbridled talker, who pours out
talk quite regardless of its being true
or false, painful or indecent.

i(li)-Bojongwana (Bhojongwana), n. = i(li)-
Bukazana.

Bojoza (Bhojoza), v. Thrust forth or pour
out talk in an unprincipled, unrestrained
manner, quite regardless of its truth, ef-
fects, decency, etc. = ukuti bo, boloza.

um-Bokazana (Bhokazaua), n. 5. =um-Za-
ntsi.

u(lu)-Bokela (s.k.), n. Any immensely long
thing, as plank, field, forest, etc.

Boko, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = bokoza; bo-
kozeka; ukuti poko.

isi-Boko (s.k.), n. Soft glandular swelling,
as on the side of the neck; also = isi-
Bokoboko.

um-Boko (a. k.), n. 5. Elephant's trunk;
penis of horse (cp. um-Nqundn) [Gr.
bosko, I eat; Di. rok, mouth; MZT. ku-
boko, arm; Fan. nyok, elephant (cp. Z.
i-Nyoka, snake; i-mBokwane, eel); also
prob. akin to radical boko - see boko-
za].

BO 43

P. aku'ndhlovu yasindwa umboko wayo,
there is no elephant hardened (by the weight)
of its own trunk.

u(lu)-Boko (Bhoko), u. Long walking-
stick or Staff, SUCh as used by old men
(== u(lu)-Dondolo, u(lu)-Zime); long
train or string, as of cattle, railway-car-
riages, etc. (cp. u(lu)-Jenga) [Lat. bacul-
um, staff].

i(li) or isi-B6koboko (s. /;■.), n. = i(li)-Bu-
kubuku, i(li)-Bokos i.

Bokoda (Bhokoda), v. Thrust into, stick
into or stab vigorously, as a boast (ace.)
with a spear (with nga), porridge with
a spoon, or as a sharp pain stabbing
the body. Cp. gwaza.

Phr. icqhokodira amadlilo; i, he was .stabbed
vigorously "By the omadhlo\i, i.e. he had a
sharp piercing pain in the side (from pleurisy
or pleurodynia, supposedly caused by angry .
ancestral spirits). See isi-Bokodo.

i-mBokode (Bhokode), n. Round water-
worn stone, large pebble, such as are
used by Natives for grinding with;
hence, smaller or hand grindstone [Sw.
kokoto, small stone].

Ex. imbokode yenywenya, pebble found in
the stomach of a crocodile, and which, boiled
in water and ncindwa, is used for obstinate
stomach complaints.

P. uqote imbokode acsisckelo, he has des-
troyed (everything in the kraal, even the)
grindiug-stone and the pfopping-stone — ex-
pressing utter destruction of everything, as
by an invading arm)'.

isi-Bokode (Bhokode), n. Place in a river
where large round stones or pebbles
abound.

i-mBokod'ebomvu (Bhokod'ebomvu),n. One
of the first Zulu regiment formed (or
rather merely named) by Dinuzulu (and
to which he himself belongs), and next
following the u-Falaza of Cetshwayo.

i(li)-Bokodo (Bhokodo), n. = i(li)-Tamo.

i-mBokodo (Bhokodo), n. (C.N.) = i-m-
Bokode.

isi-Bokodo (Bhokodo), n. Anything bulky
or massive of its kind, as a massive
post, thick mealie-stalk, large bulky
mealie-cob, a big-bodied child, etc.; also
= u(lu)-Hlabo.

i-mBokonde (Bhokonde), n. = i-mBokode.
i-mBokondo (Bhokondo), n. (C.N.) — i-m-
Bokode.

isi-Bokonyane (Bhokonyane), n. Big, thick
thing, as a leg enormously swollen.

i(li)-Bokosi (s. k.), n. = i(li)-Bukubuku.
u-Bokotshiki (Bhokotshiki), n. Kind of
striped flying beetle.

BO

Bokoza (s. k.), v. Droop or nod at the
extremity, as a pendulous ear of corn
(see bokozela); also = bukuza.

Bokozeka (s. /.-.), v. bukuzeka.

Bokozela (s.k.),v. <h> nodding or droop-
ing at the extremity, wave up and down,
as a long plank or bundle Of grass when
carried on the head teba; cp. tenga.

um-Bokwane (s. k.), v.. 5. Eel. Cp. um-Boko.

Bola, />. Decay, as wood (used in perf.);
putrefy, as meat; turn rotten, as fruit;
go bad (to putrefaction), as milk [Aug.
bolela; Ka. bora; Bo. ola; Her. ora;
Sw. oza].
Ex. insika is'ibolile, the post is now rotten.
P. wabola uboshiwe, it (the tobacco) went
rotten while tied up (so that when it was
opened out, it was found to he good for
nothing) — said of a person who, when he
opens his mouth to speak, brings out some
rubbishy, good-for-nothing word.

i(li)-Bola (Bhola), n. Playing-ball, of any
kind; gimlet [Eng. ball; borer],

i(li), or um-Bole, n. o. General dying off,
state of decay, such as enters a flock of
sheep, or the members of any family.

Boleka (s. k.), v. = tsheleka.

Bolekela (Bholekela), v. Go into, enter,
as into a hut (loc.) or kraal = ngena.

i(li), or um-Bolela, n. 5. Anything left to
rot, or knowingly neglected or discarded
by its owner, as a fallen tree lying to
rot, an old debt uncalled for by tin"
creditor, people left in the grave, etc.

u(lu)-Bolo, n. Penis of man (only in vul-
gar lang.) — um-Tondo [Bo. mbolo,
penis; OHG. nabolo, navel].

P. wox'uhtgwwi (or ulngumuxe) njenge-

nihir.i, you will come to munch at it (the
ubolo), as ti goat does — said in derision <>t
a young man who canuot get a wife (vulgar;.

Bolokoqa (Bholokoqa), v. Throw or pitch
out bodily or in mass, as water (ace.)
from a bucket; throw down bodily, hurl
down, as a strong man might another
(ace); bring down upon crushingly or
with full force, as a man dealing another
(ace.) a heavy blow with a stick; come
down upon a person (ace.) heavily, 'like a
load of bricks,' with vehement scolding
or violent abuse = ukuti bolokoqo.

Bolokoqo, ukuti (Bholokoqo, ukuthi),v. -
bolokoqo.

i(li)-Bololwane, n. Compacl mass or swarm,
large number of things closely packed
together, as a lot of bees clustered thick
about their nest, or people or cattle
clustered thickly together. Cp. u(ltt)-Bu-
zela.

BO 44

i(li)-Bolomani (Bholomani), v. Cape half-
caste (N.) [Eng. brown man].

Boloza (Bholoza) v. = bojoza, poloza.
i(li)-Bolwa (Bholwa), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Bo-
Iwane.

i(li)-Bolwane, or Bolwanyana (Bholwane),
)>. Rascally, bad-charactered follow, as
a Native boy who has 'gone rotten' by
had life in the towns. Cp. i(li)-Bukazana.

i-m3oma (Bhoma), n. Fruit or berry <>!'
the aloe-plant, whether i(li)-Cena or unt-
il/aim; short, thick-bodied rock-snake,
coloured somewhat like a puff-adder;
hippopotamus (= i-mVubu).
isi-Boma (Bhoma), n. Large lump or joint
of meat, or roll of tobacco (— isi-Poma,
isi-Kuxungu); beast presented by a bride-
groom to a bride's father, extra to and
upon completion of the lobola cattle, as
a •scaling of the contract' (= i-mVuma).
Cp. isi-Oubu.
ama-Bombo (Bombko, no sing.), n. Face,
direction or bearings one takes on his
course or journeying (only used in phra-
ses, as below) [Reg. mobombo, bundle].

Ex. ngatwala amabombo, ngaicabekisa n<ja-

Tukela, I carried my bearings, turned
towards the Tukela.

amabombo ngawabekisa eluitini, I directed
my face (*'. e. course) towards such and such
a place.

N.B. This word is nowadays only used in
phrases such as above. It is probably a
remnant of more ancient times. Its present
meaning is altogether abstract, and not
cli arly defined. Originally it no doubt refer-
red to some concrete object 'carried' by the
Natives, either his nose (cp. i-mBombo and
um-JBombo), nostrils (= Her. o-mbepe), or
••1st' some burden they were wont to carry
on their head, as goods (cp. Re. mo-bombo,
bundle) or elephant's tusks (cp. Sw. pembe,
elephant's tusk; u-pwmba, tusk of boar).
i-mBombo (Bhombho), n. Long, round-
topped, ridge-like or sausage-shaped
thing, as the lip-like formations that
grow on each side of some old injury
to the bark of a tree, or one of the but-
tock-like bulges on the sides of some
potatoes or pumpkins, or the bulges in
corrugated iron, or on the leg in front
<>f the thigh. Cp. um-Bombuluka.
um-Bombo (Bombho), n. 5. Ridge of the
nose; nose i.e. frontal ridge of the face
of an ox; also um-Bombulu/ea. See
hhihi. [MZT. im-pemo, nose; Her. o-
niJ, <■]><•, nostrils].

u(lu)-Bombo (Bhonibho), n. Large long
tuber of a kind of isv-Kwali q. v. - only

••d in phrase below.

BO

Phr. wadhla ubombo oluhulu, ^mfanm!
you've got a big piece of pudding, my boy !
— said humourously to a small boy eating
a large lump of anything nice.

Bomboda (Bhombhoda), v. Do in a long-
drawn-out manner, as when talking away
interminably.

i-mBombombo (Bhombhombho), n. = u-
(lu)-Mbimbi.

um-Bombombo (Bhombhombho), n. 5. =
um-Ngabazane.

Bombota (Bhombhotha), v. = bomboda.

um-Bomboto (Bhombhotho), n. 5. Any long-
bulky body, as a massive stick, thick
pole, or tall big-bodied person. Cp. bo-
mboda; um-Bombuluka.

Bombuluka (Bombhuluka), v. Go along,
or be extended in a large long body, as
a herd of cattle or troop of soldiers
marching along a road over a plain.

um-Bombuluka (Bombhuluka), n. 5. Large
long body, as a great thick snake or
tree lying- on the ground, a long round-
topped ridge, or long troop of soldiers.
= isi-Bubulungu.

Bombuluza (Bombhuluza), v. Do, obtain,
anything (ace.) easily, without any effort,
as when making money, or a horse
pitching a rider with ease. Cp. titilisa.

u(bu)-Bomi, n. see ub-Omi.

i(li), ama, or isi-Bomu.w. The making up
of the mind before acting, deliberate
intention, wilfulness - - only used in the
adverbial from as ngebomu or ngama-
bomu, intentionally, on purpose, wilfully.
Ex. kwaJcungenga'bomu, kwakuy'ingoxi nje,
it was not (done) wilfully, it was just ac-
cidental.

um-Bomvana, n. 5. Saffronwood tree (Eleo-
dendron croceum), the astringent bark
of which is said to be good for tanning ;
also another tree (Ochna arborea).

Bomvu, arf/. Red, in any of its shades;
crimson (cp. ubu-Bende) ; brown, chest-
nut, as a cow; orange-yellow, as a so-
vereign or a light-skinned Native; ripe,
as fruit, regardless of its exact colour;
inflamed, as the eyes. Cp. ukuti tsebu;
iim-Toto [Ar. bamba, pale red; Nye.
momvu, red soil; Ye. movu; Ro. mopu;
- the Z. adj. was also prob. derived
from i(li) or isi-Bomvu, red earth].

Phr. ngitanda inyama ebomvu mina, tm-
Idope angiyitandi, I like lean meat, do I;
not fat.

indhlala ebomvu, a famine of the last
.degree (with nothing but wild herbs to eat).

sasibekile ngamehlo abomeu, we were ex-
pecting with all our eyes i.e. with all eagerness.

BO

ngamshiya es'ebomvu rrubu, I left him
deep red (in the face) i. e. about to die.

yaseyVntlixvgo'bomvu, he (the chief) was
by then red at heart i. c. very angry.

i(li)-Bomvu, n. Kind of red ochre or clay,
used for smearing on the body of small
children = u-Qintsi, Cp. isi-Buda.

isi-Bomvu, n. Red soil, as in some parts
of the country.

Bona, v. See, a thing- (ace.) ; see with the
mind's eye, know who or what (ace.) is
meant, understand ; recognise or see the
truth of a statement (ace); see good,
think proper, think right; hence, will or
like; notice, regard a person (ace.); see
a person (ace), as when paying him a
visit [MZT. bona; Nyam. wona; Sw.
Bo. Heh. ona; Her. muna; Mpo. yena].

Ex. 'esibo', or kesibo', or hesibone! let us
see! let me have a look!
ii sakubona! we saw thee! — common greet-
ing to a person arriving (perhaps from the Zulu
habit of giving every new-comer first a good
and prolonged 'look' before acknowledging
J or addressing him as a friend). See bonela.

qa! angikuboni loko, no, I don't see that;
1 can't consent to that.

akangiboni, he doesn't recognise me; be
doesn't notice or regard mc (as though he
doesn't know me|.

sabona Icwenxa nje, we saw it just doing
i. c. being done, happening, not knowing
how it came about, our efforts having had
no effect — as when expressing surprise at
a sudden extrication from some difficulty.

ktoabonwa sokwenxa, it was seen already
occurring or being done — as above.

nenie ngokubona hwako, do as you like,
as you think best.

sokubonwa ngokusa nangokuhlwa, it is now
seen by the morning .and evening i.e. we
cannot be sure of anything for a day.

asibonanga sibona uto olurye, we have
never seen such a thing.

Phr. ukubona kanye, 'kubona kahili! to
see once is to see twice = once caught,
twice shy; or, I've experienced it once, I
don't want to experience it again.

amabonabonane asliiico ny'uQcugcwa; u-
bona m in a nje, bobona wena ngomnso, the
mutual seeing of one another as told of by
Gcugcwa, to wit, you see me to-day, they
will see you to-morrow! — words said to
have been spoken by Gcugcwa to Shaka
when the latter was about to have him killed,
and so used by a person even to-day in
comparatively similar circumstances.

Bona, emph. pron. They ; them used
with nouns plur. of the 1st. el., and nouns
sing, of the 7th. cl. [Chw. bone; MZT.
abo; Du. babo; Her. ovo].

45 BO

Bonakala ($. k.), ?'. Be in a state of being
seen i.e. be visible; appear <>r be in
sight; turn up, as an animal or thing
that has been lost; (N) seem (see /<■//-
ngati); (N) be evident, plain (= obala).
Cp. hlaluka; qamuka; ukuti qangqala-
zi, etc.

Bonakalisa (s. k.), v. Make a thing (are.)
to be visible; hence, disclose, reveal;
show, indicate.

isi-Bonakaliso (s.k.),n. Sign, indication
(M).

Bonanga or Bonaze, aux. verb, denoting
'never, not at all' (the former word
being followed by the pres. part., the
latter by the subj.) = zange.

Ex. kabonanga ekiduma, he never spoke
(a word).

angibonaze ngikulume, I never spoke (a
word |.

Boncu, ukuti (Bhoncu, ukuthi), v. Draw
out anything that slides or slips out
smoothly, as a stalk of grass (ace.) from
its sheath, a cork from a bottle, a stake
from the ground, or a hair from the
head = boncula, ncomula, ncotula, rno-
ncula; get so drawn or pulled out; be
of a 'slidingly slipping out' nature =
boncuka, ncomuka, ncotuka, moncuka.

Boncuka (Bhoncuka), v. = ukuti. boncu.

Boncula (Bhoncula), v. = ukuti boncu.

Bonda, v. Stir and mash up, as any thick
soft-natured food like porridge (ace.),
sweet-potatoes or beans (cp. zamisa;
govuza); take, bring, or send forward
the um-Bondo.

i(li)-Bonda, n. Heap of firewood, whether
in logs or already chopped.

isi-Bonda, n. Pole, post, as of a fence, or
a Native hut. Cp. i-nTsiku [Sa. rnbondo,
stick; Sw. upondo, punting-pole ; Her.
o-ngunde, pole].

P. aku'sibonda saguga namaxol'aso, there
is no stake that grew old with its bark
still on = age must tell upon us all (as to
our external looks), we must all lose by
age.

um-Bonda, n. 5. Long broad crowd, troop,
or lengthy narrow swarm, as of cattle s
being driven, bees or ants flying (not a
standing crowd - see isi-Qumbu, etc:
nor a long single train - see u(lu)-Bnko,
etc.) [Her. otyirmbumba, crowd; Sw.
kundi, crowd].

izi-B6ndhlo (Boondhlo — no sing.) n. Any-
thing done or said to create a pleasant
impression, as kind soft language which
one might use when wishing to coax,
flatter, console or gen. speak 'nicely' or

/

BO 46

lovingly, or nice enjoyable food with
which one might entertain some valued
friend who has come on a visit.

um-Bondo, n.5. Food, gen. u-Tshwala, sent
by a young wife's mother to her new
home, regularly, perhaps once or twice
every year, in recognition of the cattle
paid for her. Cp. iim-Cobozo.

i-mBondwane (Bhondwane), ». Large heap
of anything, perhaps as large as a small
hut = i-mBundu, i-nDondela.

urn, or i-mBondwe (Bhondwe, no plnr.), n.
Native vegetable (Plectranthus esculen-
tus) having long narrow tubers = uflu)-
Jwangu, u(lu)-Shizane. Cp. u(lu)-Jilo.

isi-Bondwe, //. Name of a large tree (C.N.).

Bonela, v. Remember a person (ace.) to
another (with ku), convey one's greet-
ings or regards to him — this is the
expression common in Zululand, where
the konzela q.v. of Xatal is seldom used).
Ex. wonyibonsla ku'Bani, remember me
in So-and-so.

Phr. uJcu-xi-bonela, t> look out for one-
self, do as one thiuks best or himself prefers.
nakona ebinca isigege sodwa, nolco kabo-
nehoa, and even though they (the girls) only
wear an isigege, nevertheless they arc not
Been for i. e. their private parts are not seen.
mubi umutsha, u»iuntit uyabonelwa, the
kafir-girdle is not nice; a person is seen
(thereby) as to his private parts.

Bonelela, v. Look after, care for, have or
show consideration towards, as a sick
person (ace.).

Bonga, v. Praise, extol, a person or thing
(ace.); the Zulu manner of expressing
one's gratitude being to 'praise' the giver
or his gift — hence, give thanks (gen.);
thank a person (ace.) for something (with
nga = tokoza); thank for a thing (ace.);
his abject reverence, submission, etc.,
being manifested in a similar way —
hence, worship, offer sacrifice to (ace),
pray to (ace), as to the ama-Dhlozi or
ancestral-spirits (cp. enanezela) [Her.
fang a, yimba, praise; Sw. abudu, wor-
ship; omba, pray; Go. kombika, pray;
Ka. tambika, pray; Cong, boka, call).

Phr. wambonga ngentlamba, he acclaimed
him loudly with rounds of abuse or insulting
words.

le'nko'mo ihlatshelwe-ni? ibongile, what is
this beast slaughtered for? it has given
praise, done sacrifice i. e. is slaughtered for
the ama-Dkhxi.
Bonga (Bhonga), v. Hoar, give forth a
deep angry cry, growl in a loud conti-
nuous rumbling manner, as a bull when
it sees another approaching, or of a lion

BO

or baboon, or a pig grunting, or a cat
at night (not used of the shrill bellowing
of a bull = konya, nor of the crying of
a cow for the calf = kala) ; roar, as a
bawling child or angry man. Cp. kalima.
i(li)-Bonga or Bongo (Bhonga or Bhongo), n.
Young male (of man or beast) just after
attaining virility, as a boy of about
fourteen years, a young bull just com-
mencing to mount, etc. Cp. i(li)-Bungu.

u-B6ngabonga (Bhongabhonga),ri. = u-Po-
popo.

Bongela, v. Thank for a person (ace.) i. e.
tender thanks on his behalf, or for any
thing received (in the latter sense less
frequently used).

i-mBongi (Bhongi), n. Professional praiser,
' one of whom is attached to the court of
every Native chief to proclaim publicly
the praises of this latter or any notable
visitor on certain grand occasions or
public festivals; honey-bee (— i-Nyosi).

u(lu)-Bongiyane, n. Honey-bee = i-Nyosi.

u- Bongo (Bhongo), n. = u-Qoqoqo.

i (I i)- Bongo (Bhongo), n. = i(li)-Bonga.

ama- Bongo (Bongo, no sing), n. Deep
angry continuous growling or low roar-
ing, as of a lion, bull when angry, or
a cat at night (see bonga) ; deep audible
breathing, as of a person in consump-
tion, or as some people naturally when
asleep (cp. ndonda).
isi-Bongo, n. Tribal or clan name (cp. isi-
Takazo); name of praise, given to a
young-man by his comrades; pi. izi-
Bongo, praises of a person, cow, dog,
etc. — every Native, and especially
chiefs, has a number of these praise-
phrases coined for him by others, and
which are often added on to his name
by way of a distinction.

Ex. img'owa-pi wena, isixalo sakini? ngi-
ng'owqkwa'Ntombela mina (or irakwa Mkixe,
or was'eLangeni, etc.), of where are you,
your people's origin? I am one of Ntombe-
la's clan (or Mkize's, or the Elaugeni clan)
— Ntombela, Mki%e or Elangeni, then, are
the isi-Bongo of these people.

N.B. Of these clans there must be more
than a hundred among the so-called Zulu-
Kafirs, and to one or other of them every
Native belongs. Each originally sprang from
some particular individual in past times, in
some cases probably far back into hundreds
of years, in others (as in the case of the
Bhiyaha, Ntanzi, etc., who are really, with
the Zulu, merely branchlets of the same
clan) more recently, almost within living
memory. Being, therefore, but so many se-
parate, large families, there is no inter-

BO

marriage between persons of the same elan-
name, even though there may be no known
directly-traceable relationship between them;
.such a marriage would be regarded as in-
cest; although cases of this description do
occur, whereupon, to cover the stigma (though
for the moment, of course, accentuating it!
a new clan-name is formed, as e. (/. with the
yimr.i and Bhiyaha clans who are said
to have sprung from such a union between
members of the Zulu tribe. A Native regards
the kraal of every man having the same
isibongo as himself, as his own home, the
owner being to him a father or brother, and
he has only to walk in, make known his clan-
name, and be treated as one of the family.

isi- Bongo (Bhongo), n. = is-Abongo.

um-Bongo (Bhongo), n. 5. Deep angry con-
tinuous growling or low roaring, as of
a lion, or (metaphor.) of an angry man,
distant thunder, etc.; also = i-niBa-
ngayiya.

Bongobana (Bhongobhana), v. Retain a
fixed ill-will or hateful feeling towards
another (with na).

isi-Bongobi (Bhongobhi), n. = is-Abongo.

isi-Bongobiya (Bhongobhiya), n. = is-Abo-
ngo.

i(li)-B6ngobongo, n. = i-mBongombongo.

Bongola (Bhongola), v. Be pouted, as the
mouth; have the mouth pouted, as with
sullcnness or disdain = bozoma, pukula.

Bongolisa (Bhongolisa), v. Pout the
mouth (ace), 'turn up the nose', as a
girl might with sullenness or disdain —
pukula.

i-mBongolo (Bhongolo), n. Donkey; mule;
big, protruding, pouted mouth [Sw.
baghala, mule; Ga. dogoi, donkey; Her.
oka-ndonge\.

i-mBongolwana (Bhongolwana), n. Black
flying-ant, such as appear in swarms
on hot days; a little pouted mouth, or
the owner thereof, as might be applied
y. to a sullen disdainful girl, given to turn-
ing up the nose at people and things.

i-mB6ngombongo (Bhongombhongo), n.
Peevish, fastidious, spoiit, child crying
at every restraint and wanting its way
in everything = i-nTetemisa; i(li)-Te?ige.

Bongoza (Bhongoza), v. = mbongoza.
Bongoza, v. Humour, indulge, pet, a child
(ace.) so as to spoil it = totosa, tengeza.

Bongozela (Bhongozela), v. Grow rapidly,
shoot up quickly, as a child or tree = wo-
ngozela, bunguzela, pakazela, bodozela.

u-Bongwana (Bhongwana), n. = w-Qoqoqo.

i(li)-Bongwendhlini, n. A selfish greedy

person, who likes to eat his meat priva-

47 BO

tely, alone with his wives in the hut, not
distributing it freely among his assem-
bled visitors (lit one who is praised in
the hut, not out among the public, from
the Native custom of thanking the giver
of a meat-least by uttering bis praises)
-only in phr. sash'amabongwendhlini,
we got burnt (i.e. bad unpleasantly to
do with) greedy, selfish people. (N.).

um-Bongxosi(7>7/o^/.<o.s7A n.5. um-Bosho.

i(li)-Boni, //.. Kind of veldt-locust of two
varieties, one of a greenish and the
other of a brownish colour.

im-Boni (Bhoni), n. Certain climbing-
plant, growing along the sea-coast and
bearing a huge non-edible bean, some-
times with a pod nine inches long, used
medicinally for goats = i-mBune.

Bonisa, v. Cause a person to see anything
(doub. ace), i.e. show = kombisa.

Bonisela, v. Look after anything for an-
other (doub. ace), as things left in one's S*
charge; tell or inform a person where
something is that he is looking for.

Ex. e! 'madoda! ngibamselani (or ngibo-
niseleni — both these forms of the imperative
being commonly used in Zululand I ihashi
lami! 0! qa! kasilibonanga, I say, my
men! show for ine my horse (i.e. tell me
where it may be seen)! O, no! wc haven't
seen it.
um-Boniseli, n. 1. Caretaker (M).

i-mBonisi (Bhonisi), n. Stationary observer
or spy placed on any particular spot to
give notice of the movements of an
enemy = i-nTlomeli. Cp. i-nTIoli.

i-mBoniso (Bhoniso), n. Any conspicuous
spot, as a high hill, from which the
movements of an enemy may be observ-
ed and signalled.

um-Bonjana (Bhonjana), n. ■'>. Thorny-
bush, whose sticks are used as wattles.

u, or um-Bonjisi (Bhonjisi), ». 1. or 5. Bean
or beans [D. boontjiis ].

isi-Bonkolo (no }>Iur.), n. Species of brown
ant, giving painful 'bite,' and whose
mud nests are frequently seen on trees.

isi, or um-Bono (Bhono), n. 5. Large fleshy
protuberance (umbilical hernia) about
the navel of some Natives = um-Bumu.

um-Bono, ». 5. Any wonderful or strange v
sight suddenly or unexpectedly appeal- \S
ing before one; hence, sometimes used /N
for 'apparition, vision.'

Ex. namhla ngibone umbono! to-day I
have alighted upon a strange sight! 1im\ •■
had a strange apparition.

Bonqa (Bhonqa), r. Entwine, twist round
or about, as the string (ace) round the

BO

48

BO

neck of a calabash for suspending it, or
round the grass at the edge of a mat
to make it firm. Cp. tanda.

Phr. uku-xi-bonqa, to twist or roll oneself
about, as with pain.
i-mBonqa (Bltonqa), n. String twisted

round or about anything, as above.
Bontsa (Bhontsa), v. Enlarge the cob, \
separating it from the stalk, as a raealie-
plant when beginning to put on grains,
and subsequent to the uku-ncashela.
See um-Dende.
u-Bontshela (Bhontshela), n. — i-nTsha-

wula.

i(li)-Bontsi (Bhontsi), ». Shrub (Saldcia

Kraussii) growing along the coast and

bearing an edible fruit something like

an apricot.

um-Bonxosi (Bhonxosi), n. 5. — um-Bosho.

Bonxu, ukuti (Bltoii.ru, ukuthi), v. — ukuti

boshu; al ~< > ukuti gonu.
Bonxuka (Bkonxuka), v. = boshuka; go-
mi ka.
Bonxula (Bhonxula), e. = boshula; gonula.
Bonya (Bhonya), v. Beat or strike a per-
son (ace.) with a stout stick on the body;
also to tula (q.v.) excessively, finish all
off, as mealies (ace. - cp. vubukula).
\-m&or\y<i (Biionya), n. Girdle of long goats-
hair (C.N.) = u-Tshavv.
Bonyu, ukuti (Bhonyu, ukuthi) v. ukuti

gonu.
Bonyuka (Bhonyuka), v. = gonuka.
Bonyula (Bhonyula), v. — gonula.
Bopa (Bop ha), v. Bind i. e. make firm or
secure by a binding or string, as one
might a parcel (ace), or as one might
the' string (ace.) or binding itself by
entwining it round about some other
object; fasten up, as a horse (ace with
ela form) to a tree, or a rope to a ring
(not properly tie a knot = tekeleza);
pack up, bind up, as one's goods (ace.)
into a bundle; button up, make- fast, as
a coat (ace. Mod.); take into custody,
put into prison, as a policeman or ma-
gistrate might a criminal (ace Mod.);
be 'tight' or holding one firmly in i. e.
be strong, as a smell of something rot-
ring or thick coal-smoke (used in perf.).
Cp. kunga [Skr. bandh, bind; Su. bofa;
Ga. sib a; Her. paudeka\.

Phr. lcaneishani! ubopa i/nja nexinkuni!
tingy, tight-fisted! why he hinds
up ate dog along with bis firewood (perhaps
that he may save even the morsels that
would otherwise be eaten by it) — said of
a very ftingy person.

Bopela (Bophela), v. Inspan, as oxen (ace.)
into a wagon; saddle up, as a horse (ace).

Bopelezela (Bophelezela), v. = bopa, bo-
pela.

Bopezela (Bophezela), v. = bopa, bopela.

isi-Bopo (Bopho), n. String or rope of
grass, used for binding; hence, any
thiny- used for binding; bounden duty
(M).

u-Boqo (Bhoqo), n. Kind of convolvulus
(Ipomaa ovata), whose black bulbs are
eaten in time of famine.

i(li)-Boqo (Bhoqo), n. Fibre-bearing bush,
growing on the coast; short-hafted as-
segai with a long broad blade.

i(li)-Boqongwana (Bhoqongwana), n. = u-
Manga.

'i-Borri (Bhorri), n. Medium large bead or
beads of a light bluish colour.

Borro, ukuti (Bhorro, ukuthi), v. = bo?'roza.

Borroza (Bhorroza), v. Break off with a
crashing sound, as a dry branch (ace.)
from a" tree; smash with a crashing
sound, as box (ace), or (metaphor.) a
person's head or ribs. Cp. dorroza;
gorroza ; durruza.

isi-Boshi or Boshishi (Bhoshi or Bhoshishi),
n. Anything with a fetid smell, stink-
ing, with an overpowering stench =
u(lu)-Futo, u(lu)-Bofu.

i(!i)-Bosho (Bhosho),n. Cartridge; cart-
ridge-case.

um-Bosho (Bhosho), n. 5. Any tall-stand-
ing, long and narrow thing, as a Native
milking-pail, a chimney-pot, long narrow
can, long topknot of a woman, or long
head with the crown high ; might also
be used Sfor a 'tower or turret', from
its shape'= n(1u)-Bijongo, um-Boshongo,
um-Bonxosi.

u-Boshobana (Bhoshobana), n. Weasel =
u-Cakide.

um-Boshongo (Bhoshongo), n. 5. = urn-Bo-
ngo.

Boshu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Get peeled off,
come peelingly off, as the skin from
a burn or graze = boshuka; peel off, take
peelingly off, as the skin (ace.) = boshu-
la. See = ukuti bonxu.

Boshuka (s. k.), v. = ukuti boshu, bonxuka.

Boshula, v. = ukuti boshu, bonxula.

u-Bosiki (Bhosiki), n. Red-water = u-Mbe-

ndeni [D].
i(li)-Boti (Bhoti), n. Genitals of a girl — a
word only used idiomatically by women,
as below, and gen. only of each one's
own daughter (not of a strange girl);

BO

hence, applied to the profit resulting
from being a girl i. e. various cattle ;
certain climbing plant, having red edible
berries.

Ex. nanti iboti lain/.' here are my little
genitals i. e. here is my little girl — said by
a mother vvheu toying with her infant.

sod hhi iboti lenkosaxa/na, we shall enjoy
the genital-profit of our young-lady, as might
be said by one wife to another and referring
to the eating of the inkomo yokwormda (at
the first menstruation) of one of their daugh-
ters, or the inkomo yokueola (slaughtered
for the girl in the paternal kraal on the day
of her leaving to get married), or the u»i-
qoliso (slaughtered in the bridegroom's kraal
on the day after the wedding).

Boto, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. — botoza; bo-
tozeka.

isi-Boto (Botho), n. Young locust or grass-
hopper just putting on wings but not
yet able to fly (cp. i-nKasa) ; weak-footed
person, a bad-walker, who cannot walk
far.

i(li)-B6toboto (s.t.),n. Any soft-bodied
thing that allows itself to be pressed in
or pitted by the fingers, as a very ripe
peach, or india-rubber ball. Cp. i(li)-
Bukubuku.

Botoza (s. t.), v. Press in or pit with the
fingers, any soft-bodied thing, as a soften-
ed tumour (ace), ripe peach, or india-
rubber ball. Cp. bukuza; focoza.

Botoza (Bothoza), v. Walk in a weak-foot-
ed way, get quickly tired out, as a bad
walker.

Botozeka (s. t.; s. k.), v. Get so pressed in
or pitted with the finger, as above; be
soft of substance or body, so as to be-
come pitted when pressed by the fingers.
Cp. bukuzeka; focoka.

um-Botshozeiwa (Bhotshozehva), n. 5. =
ii)n-Bobozelwa.

Botuluka (Bothuluka), v. Go, or appear,
in an incessant repetition (not in one
close procession = mininika), as party
after party going along to a hunt-
meeting, or wagon after wagon appear-
ing along a road = tapuka.

Bova (Bhova), v. = beva.

u-Bova (Bhova), n. Man with [a furious
temper, given to getting into a rage (=
isi-Bova); also sometimes applied to a
Scotch-terrier dog (cp. isi-Maku).

isi-Bova (Bova), n. = u-Bova, isi-Beva.

i-mBovane or Bovwane (Bhovane or Bhov-
ivane, no plur.^, n. Weevil or weevils —
is-Andundundu.
B6vu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stab a thing (ace.)

49 BO

thoroughly, deeply, vigorously, as with
an assegai, or an <>x with its horns =
bovula.

i-mBovu (Bhovu), n. Chaps, inside the
cheeks of cattle.

Phr. unemljoru or uvame unburn, lie lias
a long tongue, has much talk. Sec ulw-
Aiiya.

u(bu)-Bovu, //. Mattel', pus, as from an
abscess fSw. ovu and bovu, rotten; Bo.
u-ovu, rottenness; Her. ora, to rot].

Ex. siloku sipum'ubovu, ii (the sore) is
continuously discharging matter.

Bovula, o. Stab a thing (ace.) deeply, tho-
roughly, vitally, stab it home, as a man

a buck with an assegai, or one ox an-
other when driving in the born ; bellow
away excitedly, keep up a persistent
roaring, as cattle when agitated by some
frightful thing as the blood of a slaugh-
tered beast, or (metaphor.) a man keep-
ing up a persistent scolding at finding
something wrong. Cp. bovumula.

Phr. xiyayibovula ku'Bani, they (the cattle)
are showing a loud dislike towards So-and-
so, i. e. they can't bear even the sight of
him — said of a man who has got himself
generally disliked.

Bovumula (Bhovuniula), v. Rave, be in a
noisy rage or fury, be 'roaringly'
furious, as a wild-beast, dog, etc., at
something, or an angry-tempered man
raving at another ("ace. with ela form)
= bavumula, bevumula. Cp. bova.

Boxa (Bhoxa), v. Knead, work up, gen.
with the feet, as earth and water, or as
cattle the mud (ace.) in the cattle-fold ;
make a mess of an affair (ace), mix it up ;
put on horns about nine inches in length,
sufficiently long to be of service in goring,
as a growing bullock; pierce or stick
another (ace.) with the point of the horn ;
throw out the cob i. e. make it fall from
its hitherto vertical position alongside
the stem (see ncashela) and point out-
wards, as mealies growdng.

i-mBoxela (Bhoxela), n. Ox with erect
sharply-pointed horns = u(lu)-Cushela.

Boxo, ukuti (Bhovo, ukuthi), v. = boxa,
boxoza.

i(li), or i-mBoxo (Bhoxo), n. Young bullock
with the horns well grown, just suitable
for inspanning = i(li)-Jongosi.

um-Boxo (Bhoxo), n. 5. = um-Bosho.

i(li)-Boxongo {Bhoxongo), n. Person who
mixes up people's affairs, causing mis-
understanding and strife between them.

um-Boxongo (Bhoxongo), n. 5. = um-Bo-
sho.

4

BO

Boxoza (Bhoxoza), v. Flounder or wade
about in mud, as cattle in a muddy
cattle-fold; work up mud or mortar (ace!)
with the feet.

i-mBoxwana (Bhoxivana), n. Little utshwa-
la, sufficient for a small 'beer-drink'.
Cp. i-mBile; um-Bodhlelantanyeni.

u-Boya, n. Variety of imfe.

isi-Boya, n. Single hair, as of a cat, dog,
or other animal (of man - see u(lti)-
Nwele, u(lu)-Za) = u(lu)-Dosi; also
(C.N.) = um-Ncongo.

u-Boya, a. 7. — see ub-Oya.

i(li)-Boyi (Bhoyi), n. Grey-backed Bush-
Warbler ( Camaroptera sundevalli), said
to foretell rain and not eaten by girls
as causing them to bear children with

scraggy legs.

i(li)-Boyiyana (Bhoyiyana), n. Person with
an uncontrolled tongue, always scolding,
slandering, etc.

Boyiza (Bhoyiza), v. Act as the above.

i(li)-Boza or Bozane, n. Tall plant (Moscho-

sma riparia) having yellow flowers,

and used for coughs.

isi-Boza (Bhoza), n. Person who habitu-
ally passes urine during sleep, as many
children.

Bozela (Bhozela), v. = mpoziza.

isi-Bozi,w. Anything gone rotten or de-
cayed, as mealie-cob, pumpkin, etc. =
isi-Cudulu. Cp. isi-Bucu.

Bozisa, v. Make anything (ace.) to rot, go
bad, or decay ; make die off, as an um-
takati the people of a kraal.

i-m Bozisa (Bhozisa),n. Any medicine or
plant used for causing decay or 'dying-
off in people, crops, etc., such as an
umtakati uses; counter-remedy or anti-
dote for nullifying the effects of such
a medicine. Cp. i-mBulelo. See bozisa.

u-Boziyembe (Bhoziyembhe), n. A front
{i.e. white starched breast-covering,
or such as is attached to a shirt) ; cer-
tain kind of ladies'-jacket made with
a kind of front (T.).

u-Bozo (Bhozo),n. = u-Cakide.

u-Bozoba (Bhozobha),n. = u-Cakide.

u(lu)-Bozolo (Bhozolo), n. = i-mPukutu.

Bozoma (Bhozotna), v. = bongola; also
mpozoza.

i-mBozoma (Bhozoma), n. = tc-Ma?npozo-

mana.
Bozozela, v. Smile = marnateka.

Bu, pers. pron. It — used with nouns of

the 7th. el., having the prefix ubu.
Bu, ukuti (Bhu, ukuthi), v. = bula.

50 BU

Bu, ukuti (Bhu, ukuthi — with prolonga-
tion of the voweLi, v. = buza (bhuza).

i(li)-Bu (Bhu, no plur.), n. Common grain
or clothes' moth (cp. i-m Vemvane) ; tiny
fly, common about fermenting things,
as beer or rotting fruit (= i-mBuzane)
[Sw. imbu, gnat, mosquito].

i-mBu (Bhu, with plur.), n. Certain flying
ant that freq. swarms about one when
travelling along a road (N) = i-mBu-
zane, um-Iyane.

umu, or u(lu)-Bu (Bhu), n. Large number
or 'swarm', of any small animals (gen.
such as bear prolifically), as a litter of
pigs, a brood of chicks, or a lot of little
children about a kraal.

Buba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tikuti pata.

Buba (Bhubha), v. Perish, die, be or be-
come no more.

i(li)-Buba, n. Syphilis, properly syphilitic
sores about the genitals [Eng. bubo].

um-Buba, n. 5. = um-Pata.

Bubana, v. = patana.

u(lu)-Bubana, n. (N) — u(lu)-Sebe.

u-Bubani (Bhubhani), n. Plague (the di-
sease) (T.).

Bubaza, v. = pataza.

i-mBube (Bhube), n. Lion = i(li)Bubesi,
i-Ngonyama.

N.B. The dry excrements of a lion burnt
and mixed with those of an alligator are an
' excellent emetic for one who has been poi-
sdned by an wntakati!

i(li)-Bubesi (Bhubesi), u. = i-mBube.

Bubisa (Bhubhisa), v. Cause to perish,
destroy, any living thing (ace). Cp.
bulala; buba.

Bubu, ukuti (Bhiibu, ukuthi), v. Do any-
thing with a sudden and sharp outburst
of energy, as a hawk sweeping off a
fowl (ace), a person suddenly and quickly
snatching away a child from any danger,
or a cyclone suddenly rising and taking
off a hut = bubuza. Cp. bubububuza.

Bu bu, ukuti (Bhu bhu, ukuthi), v. = bu-
buza (bhztbhuza).

i-m Bubu (Bhubu), n. Kind of soft long
grass, used for thatching; anything soft
like down of birds, lawn-grass, soft soil,
etc. (more freq. i-mBubumbubu).

isi-Bubu (Bhubhu), n. Certain bush.

u(lu)-Bubu, n. = u(lu)-Mbimbi; also small
tree.

isi-Bubububu (Bhububhubu), v. Sudden
onrush or outburst of continuous violent
energy, as when one throws himself
suddenly and desperately on an enemy,

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51

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\

or of a man beating about a child right
and left giving him no breathing time,
or of a violent wind rushing suddenly
down upon a kraal or a hawk upon a
fowl (with enza).

Biibububuza (Bhltbiibhubuza), v. Work
away with a great and sudden outburst
of violent energy upon anything (ace.),
as upon the enemy, child, fowl, etc., as
above

Bubudhla (Bhubhudhla), v. Make a bub-
bling sound bu, bit, as water does when
a bottle is thrust into it, or as soft mud
does, from the escape of gas, when a
person walks upon it; hence, ladle out
beer (ace), from the noise made; (Mod.)
mix up sugar (ace.) with water for
drinking.

Phr. hade sibububudlda ka'Bcmi, we have
just been having a great bubbling or ladling
(of beer) at So-and-so's, i. e. have been having
a fine beer-drink.

ingcuba ibubudhla amagwebu, the unheal-
thy-meat bubbles with foam (/. e. is filled
with a watery fluid).

Bubula, v. Moan, sigh, groan, as a person
lying in pain (= gquma, gqiha); give
a sigh of dissatisfaction, as at an article
(ace. with ela form) presented for pur-
chase; give forth a moaning sound, as
some cattle when sleeping (see um-Daka) ;
(C. N.) forsake, cast off, as offspring
(ace.) [Sw. ugua, moan].

isi-Bubulundu, n. Hugely fat child, such
as were common in the royal kraal, and
to whom the name was usually confined ;
hence, a child of the royal kraal; nowa-
days applied indiscriminately to any
such unusually fat child.

isi-Bubulungu, n. Any long bulky thing
with a roundish body, as a long round-
topped ridge, or a big long sweet-potato
= um-Bomhuluka.

i-mBubumbubu (Bhubumbhubu), n. Any-
thing softly yielding to the tread, as
soft lawn grass, soft soil on an old kraal-
site, etc.

Bubuta (Bubutha), v. = bebeta.

Bubuya (Bhubhuya), v. Affect or pretend
regard for a person (ace), having some
ulterior motive of self-interest; play
upon one's generosity, as when always
begging of a soft, kind-natured person.

Bubuza (Bhubhuza), v. Cause the sound
bu bu; hence, flap the wings, flutter, as
a bird in a trap = pupuza.

Bubuza (Bhi(buza),v. = uktili bubu.

i-mBubuzi (Bhubuzi), n. Moaning, as of
one in pain.

Buca (Bhuca),v. Become softly de-
composed, falling to pieces from rotten-
ness, as flesh, paper, etc. (= bucuka);
smear a thing (— beca); (C.X. fr. Xo.)
mix up with the hand, as any paste.

Phr. uJcu-buc'wmlomo, to smear the mouth,
i.e. to take a little food in order to appease
slightly one's hunger.

Bucela (Bhucela), v. Walk empty-handed,
as a man without a stick (C.N.) = va-
bazela.

Bucu, ukuti (Hit fiat, ukuthi), v. = bucuka;
bucuza.

i(li)-Bucu (Bhucu), n. Certain small plant,
used as intelezi.

i-mBucu (Bhucu), n. Certain small bird.

isi-Bucu (Bhucu), n. Anything in a soft
state of decomposition or rottenness,
as flesh, hide, brown-paper, etc.

Bucuka (Bhucuka) v. Be or become in a
state of soft decomposition or rotten-
ness, falling readily to pieces, as putrid
flesh, rotted hide or paper-made thing;
get readily fallen to pieces or broken
up in a soft manner, i. e. crushed, squash-
ed, etc., as any such rotten thing.

Bucu la (Bhucula), v. Make a thing become
softly rotten or decomposed, as an ex-
tensive burn might the flesh of one's
body (ace).

i-mBucumbucu (Bhucumbhucu), n. Any-
thing in a state of soft decomposition
or rottenness, as flesh, hide, thatch-grass,
paper, etc.

Bucunga (Bhucunga), v. = buxunga.

Bucuza (Bhucuza), v. Break up, crush
apart, squash, etc., anything (ace) in a
state of soft decomposition or rotten-
ness, as flesh, paper, etc., or anything
of a similarly soft nature, as a banana,
orange-peel, etc. = ukuti bucu.

Buda (Bhuda), v. Colour the top-knot
with isi-Buda or red paint, as a woman;
also = budazela.

i(li)-Buda or Budana (Bhuda or Bhudaua),
n. One who talks away in a wild, sense-
less, stupid manner, as a crazy person.
(C.N.)

isi-Buda (Bhuda), n. Certain red ochreous s
stone, which is ground into paint for
women's top-knots. Cp. i(li)-Bomvu.

Budaza or Budazela (Bhudaza), r. Talk
away (continuously) a lot of senseless
jargon, as one delirious or crazy, or
when dreaming. Cp. beda; bedeleza.

i-mBude (Bhudc), n. Crazy, deranged per-
son; a returning of the cattle at noon
during the summer for a rest, 'd'ter-

i

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52

BU

wards returning to graze till sunset —
a custom no longer in vogue (= ukuza-
'kupunga imikonto ekaya; see butisa).

Budhla (Bhudhla), v. Gore or stab a thing
(ace) vigorously, or stick into it deeply,
as with an assegai, or an animal with
the horn; talk out wildly in a totally
unrestrained, regardless manner, with-
out concern for the truth, decency or
effects of what one says = budhluza,
buja.

um-Budhla (Bhudhla), n. 5. Tall, plump-
bodied person.

isi-Budhlakali (Bhudhlakalt), n. (C.N.) =
i(li)-Budhle.

i(li)-Budhle (Bhudhle), n. One who acts or
talks in a wild, unrestrained, violent
manner, having no respect for superiors,
no consideration for others, no regard
to decency (= isi-Puhla); stem of the
aloe-plant upon which the flower grows
and which when dry is used as an i(li)-
Pini; also = i(li)-Tulo.

Phr. uku-m-shisela ibudhle, to burn the
porridge-stick for one = to make one's life
unpleasant, make things unpleasant for one,
by petty harassings, etc., as women might
for an unwelcome addition to their number.

Budhlu, ukuti (Bhudhlu, ukuthi), v. = bu-
dhluka; budhluza.

i(li)-Budhlu (Bhudhlu), n. - - i(li)-Bidhli.

i-mBudhluba (Bhudhluba), n. Great, round
belly, as of a big fat man. Cp. u(lu)-
Buku.

Budhluka (Bhudhluka), v. Get smashed,
broken or crushed to pieces, as below
— see budhluza.

i-mBudhlum budhlu (Bhudhlumbhudhlu),
n. Anything readily getting broken up
or smashed, whether from softness or
friableness of nature, as a piece of soft
dry earth, or an over-ripe fruit.

Budhluza (Bhudhluza), v. Smash, break
up into particles or parts, as one might
a calabash (ace), a piece of dry earth,
or a soft fruit; make fall to pieces i.e.
purge, as a doctor his patient (ace.) by
;i strung purgative; talk in a wild, un-
restrained manner without respect or
consideration; smash up a person (ace),
etc., i. e. stab or gore vigorously or
deeply with horn or assegai = budhla.

Budhluzela (Bhudhluzela), v. Boil away
vigorously, as potatoes or other solids
in a pol (not as liquids = badhla).

Budu, ukuti (Bhudu, ukuthi), v. Make a
trampling sound with the feet, as
children running; hence, scamper off, as
children to see anything; also = budu-
ka; budula.

i(li)-Budu (Bhudu), n. A scampering along
or off, as of children running off any-
where, or out of any place (with suka,
puma, etc. and nga).

isi-Budu (Bhudu), n. (C.N.) = i-nTenesha.

um-Budu (Bhudu), n. 5. Grassy place now
worn bare by constant sitting or walk-
ing on. Cp. isi-Kuudhla.

ubu-Budu (Bhudu), n. Anything readily
falling to pieces from decay, etc., as
rotten skin or cloth, or meat boiled to
rags.

Buduka (Bhuduka), v. Get worn of its
grass, as a place or path on the veldt;
get trodden down or worn away by
trampling, as the grass itself; get worn
of its nap, as a man's or woman's skin
dress (= buduleka); fall readily apart
or to pieces from rot or looseness of
composition, as a pumpkin, skin, a clod
of soft soil, or over-boiled meat (cp.
bucuka; budhluka; buduza).

Budukeza (Bhudukeza), v. Make a grab at
a thing (ace), as to catch hold of it, as
a cat with a mouse; grab about at any-
thing (ace), as a man endeavouring to
retain hold of a sharp active boy who
wants to get away from him = ukuti
budukezi.

Budukezi, ukuti (Bhudukezi, ukuthi), v. =
budukeza.

Budula (Bhudula), v. Cause a thing to
get worn of its grass, nap, etc., as above
(see buduka), as when trampling about
upon grass (ace), constantly rubbing-
one's skin-dress, etc.; hence, search mi-
nutely, diligently, for something (ace)
lost, as in the grass, in a hut, etc.

Buduleka (Bhuduleka), v. = buduka.

Budululu, ukuti (Bhudululu, ukuthi), v.
Fall sprawling, as a child when run-
ning (C.N.)

i(li), or isi- Budululu (Bhudululu), n. A
'sprawling', clumsy, awkward person
with his feet or hands (N) = i(li)-Pama-
pania.

i-mBudumbudu (Bhudumbhudu), u. Any
friable, crumbling substance, as old dry
bread, decayed wood, etc.

Buduza (Bhuduza),v. Crumble or break
up any substance (ace), as above.

u(lu)- Buduza (Bhuduza), n. Short, stumpy,
bulky thing, as a person or mealie-cob.

Buduzeia (Bhuduzela), v. Scamper off,
along, or out, -as a lot of children run-
ning excitedly away from any fearful
thing, or off to see something = ukuti
budu.

Buja (Bhuja),v. Stick far or deeply into

BU 53

anything, as a person stabbing an ox
(ace.) vigorously with an assegai, or a
thorn piercing far into one's foot = u-
kuti buje, budhla.
Buje, ukuti (Bhuje, ukuthi), t>. = buja.

Buka (s. k.), v. Gaze at a thing (ace), look
at intently, with eyes fixed thereon (cp.
bheka); hence, admire, a thing (ace.) or
action.

Phr. uku-yi-buka (into) cumin, in i, to look
at it (any desire or plan) in the water, i. e.
regard it as unattainable, beyond one's pow-
ers of obtaining.

P. elisina'tnuva liyabukica, that (company)
which dances afterwards is looked at (most)
= who speaks last speaks best; nothing is
lost by waiting, etc.

i(li), or more gen. ama-Buka (s.k,),n. Tape-
worm or worms (only used in vulgar
abusive lang. with wadhla (you ate),
or w'esuta (you were filled with). Cp.
isi-Lo.

u(lu)-Buka (s. k.), n. Emaciated, feeble, life-
less thing, as sheep, ox, or man = u(lu)-
Nwabu, u(lu)-Dwamba.

Bukana (s. k.), v. Face each other, as two
kraals. Cp. bekana.

i(li), or isi-Bukazana (Bhukazana), n. Per-
son of loose, low, dissolute character and
vicious disposition = i(li)-Bojongwana,
i(li)-Hatanga.

Bukeka (s.k.),v. Be worth looking at, get
gazed at; hence, be beautiful, pretty, to
be admired, to be approved.

Ex. kakubukeki loko'kwenza lewako, that
conduct of yours is not nice, does not meet
with anybody's approval or admiration.

Bukela (s.k.),v. Gaze at (intrans.) ; be a
spectator, in an approving or admiring
sense, as at a dance (not as a mere on-
looker at a fight = buka).

isi-Bukeli (s. k.), n. Spectator, as at a dance.

Bukeza (s. k.), v. Repeat or go over a
second time, in any connection, as when
re-grinding corn (ace), re-ploughing a
field, re-trying a lawcase. Cp. duba.

Bukisa (s, k.), v. Cause to gaze at or ad-
mire, i. e. show, as a child one's treasures
or curiosities; draw one's gaze or at-
tention, as one might that of a crying
child (ace).

isi-Buko (s. k.). n. Anything used for seeing
or looking through or in, as a mirror,
spectacles, window, etc. (Mod.)

i(li)-Buku (Bhuku), n. = i(li)-Bukuvane.

isi-Buku (Bhuku), n. Short log, or stumpy
piece of wood, as when a tree trunk or
branch is sawn into pieces. Cp. um-
Buku.

BU

um-Buku (Bhuku), n. 5. Stump or small
thickish piece of wood, as cut off from
a scantling; such a short stumpy block
used as a head rest without legs (=
um-Gqiki); anything neglectfully cast
away, as unvalued or unwanted by the
owner (= i-nGinqi).

u(lu)-Buku (Bhuku), n. Bog or place where
the soft deep mud forms a great shaking
mass (cp. u(lu)-Bishi); big, flabby belly,
as of a man who drinks much beer (cp.
i-mBudhluba).

i(li)-Bukubu (Bhukubhu), n. = i(li)-Pa/>>/.

Buku buku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.lc), v. = bu-
kuza; bukuzeka.

i(li)-Bukubuku (s.k.),n. Any soft-bodied
thing or mass such as becomes swelled
or puffed out at the sides when pressed,
as a soft peach or india-rubber ball, or
a mass of jelly = i(li)-Bokoboko.

isi-Bukubuku (Bhiikubhuku), n. Log-like
thing or animal, appearing only to be
a lump of body without limbs, as a
mole; plump, round, stumpy-bodied per-
son, gen. used of a chubby child.

Bukuca (Bhukuca), v. = ttikuea.

Bukuda (Bhukuda), v. Bathe in a river
or pool (i. e. not the washing of the body
= geza, but the general frolicking about
of young people) ; throw oneself into a
discussion or matter (ace) with which
one has no business or with the details
of which one is unacquainted.

i(li)-Bukudwane (Bliukudwane), n. = i(li)-
Bolwane.

Bukula (Bhukula), v.. (C.N.) = bunkula.

Bukulu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Lie stretch-
ed out in a reclining position, or on
one's side. Cp. cambalala; ukuti baqa;
ukuti nqepu.

isi-Bukutu (Bukuthu),n. Any fat, plump
lump of a thing, as a fat little pup, kit-
ten, child, or fledgling of bird; name
given to any girl of the um-Ndhlunkulu.

i(li)- Buku vane (Bhukuvane), n. Big flap of
an ear, whether, as of a man, when
standing stiffly out, or of a dog or rab-
bit, when hanging down (- i(li)-Buku);
big flabby belly (— u(lu)-Buku).

Bukuza (s.k.),v. Make any soft bodied
thing (ace) bulge or swell about under
pressure, as below sec bukuzeka;

shake out snuff (ace.) abundantly from
the snuff-box = bokoza.

Bukuza (Bhukuzu), v. Make lie about, i.e.
put or throw a thing (ace.) down any-
where in a disorderly fashion, as a per-
son carelessly tin-owing down on the
floor his blanket, basket, or any other
article. Cp. ukuti fit i! Hi.

/

BU

isi-Bukuza (Bhukuza), n. Short log or
stump of wood (= isi-Buku); noodle,
simple stupid fellow (= isi-Bunge).

Bukuzeka (s. k.), r. Be softly pressable, i. e.
bulge or swell about when pressed, as
any soft-bodied object or mass, as an
orange or ball of soft rubber, or a mass
of jelly = bokozeka.

Bukuzeka (Bhukuzeka), v. Get thrown
down or about anywhere in a careless,
disorderly, neglected manner, as any ar-
ticle - see bukuza (bhukuza); get lying
about anywhere and in any disorderly
manner, as a drunken man.

Bukuzela (s.k.),v. Go bulging or 'swelling'
along (from the weighing down of the
flesh at each step), as a very fat man
when walking.

um-Bukwane (s. k.), n. 5. Sight that makes
one gaze, spectacle to be gazed at, as a
dance or show; strange occurrence that
makes one look in amazement.

um-Bukwane (Bhukwane), n. 5. Certain
stilt-bird resembling the pauw. Cp. i(li)-
Seme.

Bula ( Bind a), r. Beat with the dull thud-
ding sound bu, in various connections ;
hence, beat with a stick, as corn (ace.)
to thresh it, or any other thing, as snake,
hide, etc., lying on the ground; beat
anything of a soft resounding nature,
as* a carpet (ace.) to knock out the dust,
or a woman (from the softness of the
body); beat anything with a broad thud-
ding instrument, as when beating out a
Lirass fire (ace.) with a branch or sack,
or when beating a person with one's
coat or rolled blanket; consult an is-ango-
ma or witch-doctor (perhaps from a
former custom - now only partially re-
tained of beating on a hide during
the process); hold such a consultation,
divine, as the witch-doctor himself fSw.
pura, thresh; mbele, divine; Bo. mbuli,
word, affair; Nyam. boru, divine; Sumb.
hula, heat; Bu. tula; Ru. hila; U. pola;
111'. puma; Mpo. bold; Gi. Jj'/fa; Gal.
I. a ha).

N.B. A common indoor pastime of chil-
dren is to place a row or rows of mealie-
ins on the Hour of tin- hut, supposed to
represent different birds. The mass of chil-
dren then form a chorus, singing in a plea-
sant minor tone, the refrain Bula.' 'mscntse!
I mine, clever fellow!) to which another
single girl, singing in a similar pleasant tone,
and pointing to one of the tnealie-graias, re-
ph<-. A'.' i .' es'ematoleni, irnbala/ne, vjahaelikulu
ry well ! the one among the calves, the
yellow-finch, ;i very fine-looking young-
fellow . At each round a different bird musl

54 BU

be mentioned, and the game consists in the
child being able to think of so many birds
as will get him or her through all the row
of mealies.

Bulakasha (s. k.), v. = bulukusha.

Bulakasha, ukuti (ukuthi, s.k.),v. = ukuti
bulukushu.

um- Bulakasha (s. k.), n. 5. = um-Bulukushu.

Bulakasheka (s.k.),v. = bulukusheka.

Bulala (pass, bulawaj, v. Kill, a person
(ace); murder him; destroy, injure,
render useless, as anything (ace.) ; break
into pieces anything hard, as a stone
(ace.) ; ill-treat, as a master his servants ;
hurt, cause pain, afflict a person, as
might a headache; kill, be the death of
a person (hibern.), by making him
laugh, by overdoing him with unpleasant
food, etc. [Lat. pugna, battle; Ic. bana,
kill; AS. bana, murderer; Ar. ' aza, in-
jure; Kag. Sa. ulaga, kill; Kwa. eari,
kill; Ga. chawa, injure; Sw. ua, kill;
Kam. aa, kill; Ka. buraya, kill].

Ex. uyasibulala ngomscbenxi, he kills us
with work, he overworks us, he works us to
death.

ngibulewe isisu, I am troubled, pained, by
my stomach.

wasibulala ngentsini, he killed us with his
drollery.

P. kubulala okudhliuayn, it is the food
(which one enjoys) that kills one (that carries
the poison) — said in reference to a person
who has brought down suffering upon him-
self by some pleasure in which he was in-
dulging.

libukk umuMbo, lasa, it (the lightning)
killed one of the Embo tribe, and then it
cleared up (perhaps referring to some former
incident of this kind) — used to express
that 'it was a short sharp trouble, but it is
all over now' (C.N.).

Bulala, adv. While lying down, in a re-
cumbent position — only used as an
affix after verbs (probably from an ob-
solete noun ubu-Lala).

Ex. irai/ii/inr.n 'bulala, he stabbed it (the
leopard; while down, lying on the ground.

isi-Bulalambiza (Bulalambhiza), n. Certain
small bird, with the habit of drawing-
people from its nest by feigning inabi-
lity to fly.

Bulalela, v. Kill for or on account of.

Phr. nl.-ii- .i-hiiliiiiia, to kill, ill-treat, ac-
cording to one's own fancy, or for mere
pleasure.

i(li), or more gen. ama-Bulawo, n. Any
pain or ill catised in one's limbs by the
injurious medicines of an umtakati;

BU

especially, painful swellings of the joints
from rheumatism, [chronic gout, etc.;
medicine supposed to cause such. Cp.
um-Bulelo.
u(lu)-Bule, n. Manner of standing, sitting
or lying on or towards one side, as
though inclined to fall, as a beer-pot,
lamp, or a man reclining on one elbow
(used adverbially, as below, with hlala,
lala, etc. = u(lu)-Tsheku) ; manner of
stacking amabele by setting it in bun-
dles one upon the other in a long line,
not by the loose ear, in circular heaps
(cp. qinqa; hloma); a long, not big,
belly, as of a growing boy ; any pleasant
food.

Ex. iiku-lala 'lubule, to lie half-prostrate
on one's side, resting on the elbow = u/c/t-
lala ngenqulu.

Bulela (Bhulela), v. Place an um-Bulelo
for a person (ace), kill or harm with
an um-Bulelo = mvebela.

um-Bulelo (Bhulelo), n. 5. Certain class
of poisons or injurious medicines placed
in a kraal, along paths, etc., by an um-
takati, for the purpose of causing fatal
disease in those who should come in
contact with them. Cp. um-Qoto.

Ex. kutiwa w'eqile, it is said that he has
stepped over (an vmbulelo) — hence his
peculiar sickness.

N.B. If the umxanyana womfaxi (the
placenta of a woman) and the umhlapo we-
hashi (that of a horse) be mix together with
idhlaligicavuma. (human fat) and umdhlebe (a
poisonous bush) and twiopo (a certain sea-
animal) and ifelakona (a certain mollusc) and
one or two other ingredients, a powerful
umbulelo will be prepared!

izi-Bulo, n. = iz-Abulo.

isi-Bulo (Bhulo), n. Stick for beating any-
thing, as for threshing corn, using at
witch-doctor's ceremonies, etc.

Bulu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti pulu.

i-mBulu (Bhulu), n. Large land-lizard or
monitor living beneath rocks or in
earth-holes ; also = i-mBuluiwane; also
see iMbulu [Bo. mbulu, lizard].

N.B. It is said, if a person imitates the
i mbula (which is said to make a cry as
though of a distant person singing), he will
get a toothache.

jJuluba /Bhuluba), v. Miscarry, used only
of women, pigs and dogs (not cattle sec
punza) = pupuma isisu.

u-Bulube (Bhalube), n. Certain sluggish
non-poisonous snake of a light-brown or
reddish colour (= i-nKwakwa); any
dull-minded, stupid person.

55 BU

i(li), or isi-Bulubentse (Bhulubhentse), n.
Big fellow having large buttocks and
I xdly; also used to refer contemptuously
to a person with whom one has no
concern, as an unknown stranger, child
of some other kraal, etc.; also used to
denote an uncultured, ill-mannered per-
son who doesn't know how to conduct
himself in decent society (every Native
having the idea that there is no other
tribe or family so fine as his own).

i(li), um, or i-mBulukucu (Bhulukucu),n.
Thoroughly indolent, spiritless person,
too lazy even to cook for himself.

Bulukuqa (Bhulukuqa), v. Throw or fling
anything (ace.) down or away so as to
fall sprawlingly, lying out at length. =
ukuti btdukuqu. Cp. bulukusha.

Bulukuqeka (Bhulukuqeka), v. Get flung
down, as above ; lie sprawled or stretched
out at length, as a man drunk or a-
sleep, or a snake; go stretched out at full
length, drawing itself along on the belly,
as a snake = ukuti bulukuqu. Cp. bu-
lukusheka.

Bulukuqu, ukuti (Bhulukuqu, ukuthi), v. =
bulukuqa; bulukuqeka.

um-Bulukuqu (Bhulukuqu), n. 5. Any long,
bulky body, stretched out at length, as
a python, a long narrow bale as of oil-
cloth, or a tall man stretched out on the
ground at full length; tall, big-bodied
man; applied contemptuously to any
stupid, thoroughly indolent person, 'a
mere inert mass', or a non-venomous
snake = um-Bulukushu.

Bulukusha (s.k.),v. Make lie down in a
long bulky-bodied manner *. e. lay or
place down anything (ace.) of a long
bulky body (as a thick snake, or long
narrow bundle) so that it lie stretched
out in a long mass.

Bulukusheka (s.k.),v. Get so laid out at
length, as any long body with bulk, as
a python, a long thin bale, or a tall man
asleep; go as a long bulky stretched-out
mass, like a python = bulukuqeka.

Bulukushu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), n. 5. = bu-
lukusha; bulukusheka.
um-Bulukushu (s. k.), n. 5. = um-Bulukuqu.
i(li), or ama-Bulukwe (Bhulukwe), n. Pair

of trousers [D. broek].

i(li)-Bululu, n. Puff-adder (Bitis arietans)
= i(li)-Hobosha. Cp. i-nTlangwane;
u-Maqandalingop i.

i-mBululwane (Bhululwane), >t. Thick scali-
ness of the skin on the upper part of
the foot, in some Natives constitutional
i-mBulu. Cp. i-nKwali; um-Kenke.

BU

isi-Bululwane, n. Plump-bodied infant;
(C.N.) large centipedal worm; any other
large non-edible worm ; large buzzing
insect.

Bulumunga — see obula.

Bulunga, v. Roll, i.e. make into a roll or
sausage-shaped lump, as when rolling
the UrNgiyane for a headline or the
clay (ace.) in pot-making into a long thin
rope; rounden off, as when giving the
head (ace.) of a knobkerry its final shape.
Cp. bulunga (bhulunga).

Bulunga (Bhulunga), v. Roll into a ball,
form anything (ace.) into a round glo-
bular lump or mass, as a pill or dump-
ling = dilinga; cp. bulunga. [Lat.
pila, ball; Bo. mbuluga, round; Her.
putuputu, round].

i-mBulunga (Bhulunga), n. Anything of
a round, ball-like shape, as a bead or
cannon-ball (not a circular disc = i-jiDi-
linga; nor sausage-like roll = um-Bu-
lunga) = i-nGqumutiga.

um-Bulunga, n. 5. Long sausage-shaped
roll, as of putty, clay for pot-making, a
roly-poly pudding, etc. Cp. I-mBulunga.

Bulungana (B hulling ana), v. Form into
a ball, or into ball-like lumps, as the
moon in its course, or mealie-meal when
thrown into boiling water = dilingana.

Buluza, v. = puluza; ukuti bulu.

i(li), or um-Buma (Bhuma), n. 5. Kind of
rush, growing in marshy places and
used for making women's sleeping-mats
y and medicinally to aid parturition ; small
kind of green bead (= u(lu)-Hlaza) ;
anything of a deep-green colour (but
lighter than the um-Xopo).

Bumba (Bumbha), v. Work or make any-
thing (ace.) in clay, as an eating-vessel;
make from dough, paste, etc., as bread
(ace), or a plaster-model ; fabricate, make
up, as deceptive plans or stories [Ga.
bumba, clay; mu-bumbi, potter; umba,
to shape; Sw. bumba, sod; Her otyi-
tumbehi, sod].

Phr. uku-bumba umlomo, to refrain from
speaking (whether altogether, or merely
about any particular matter).

P. libunjwa \ ibumba), lis'eva, it (the clay)
is worked while it still allows (i.e. is fresh,
in good condition) = strike the iron while
it's hot; make hay while the sun shines.

i(li)-Bumba (Bumbha), n. Clay, generally ;
and especially, that fit for making pot-
tery [Ga. bumba, clay; Sw. bumba, sod;
Her. otyirtumbehi, sodj.

i-m Bumba (Bhumbha — no plur.), n. Kind
of small black bean cultivated and much
liked by the Natives = i-nDumba.

56 BU

isi-Bumbata (Bumbhatha), n. Lump or
clod of any soft clay -like stuff, as dough,
putty, or clamp corn clotted together.

isi-Bumbatuvi (Bumbhathuvi), n. The
Tumble-dung beetle = i-nKuba.

isi, or i-mBumbe (Bhumbhe), n. Noodle,
simpleton, one naturally stupid or lack-
ing in intellect; bad snuff = isi-Bunge.

ama-Bumbelandeni (Bumbhelandeni), n.
Monstrosity (of birth). See i{li)-Lumbela.

Bumbezela (Bumbhezela), v. Arrange or
make up a thing (ace.) so as to deceive,
as by covering up some defect, by
presenting a specious external ap-
pearance, etc,, as a man might his hair
when arranging so that it appear abun-
dant or conceal a bald spot, or similarly
with the topknot of a woman whose
hair is scarce, or as a person might the
fault of another when presenting it in
such a way that its grievousness be not
apparent.

i-mBumbezela (Bhumbhezela), n. Thing
'arranged or made up', as above, so as
to present a specious appearance, as a
filling out of the hair so as to appear
abundant, a pretending to enjoy a cer-
tain disagreeable food when in a friend's
house, or a glossing over of the fault
of another (with ukw-enza).

isi-Bumbu (Bumbhu), n. Pubes or lower
part of the abdomen just above the
sexual organ.

Ex. itambo lesibumbu, the os pubis or
front part of the pelvis, as felt just before
the bladder.

ama-Bumbulu (Bhumbhulu), n. A loud
outburst (whether by one or many) of
reproach, indignation, etc., as at some-
body's disgraceful speech or conduct.
Cp. is-Aho.

Ex. wakuxa amabumbulu, he uttered a
cry of loud reproach or disapproval.

isi-Bumbulu (Bhumbhulu), n. Mouth with
fine large lips (admired by the Natives).
Cp. isi-Mbence.

i-mBumbulu (Bhumbhuki), n. Pip, as of
an orange or pumpkin; kernel, stone,
as of a peach or wild-berry ; hence, some-
times used in the general sense of
i-nTlamvu, i. e. a berry or stone-like thing,
as a pill, marble etc. (cp. i-mBulunga);
a treacherous plot, ruse, or action -
mostly used in adverbial form = see
Mbumbulu.

Bumbuluza (Bhumbhuluza),v. Act treacher-
ously, act deceptively with the intention
of doing harm, as a party ostensibly
hunting but really intending to kill some-
body.

BU 57

um-Bumbuluzo (Bhumbhuluzo), n. 5. Large
war-shield. Cp. isi-Hlangu; i(li)-Hawu.

Bumbutana (Bhumbhnthana), v. Get or
be massed together, as below.

Bumbutela (Bhumbhuthela), v. Heap or
mass together in one lump, crowd, col-
lection, etc., as different lots of grain,
people (ace), etc.

i-mBumbutela (Bhumbhuthela), n. A mas-
sing together, conglomeration, as above.

i-mBumbwane (Bhumbhwane), n. Small

dung-fly.
Bume, adv. Standing, on the spot, while
still walking or living, etc. - only used
idiomatically in connection with certain
verbs, as mangala (be amazed), fa (die),
etc. (prob. from an absolete noun ubu-
me).
. Ex. umlobokaxi kadhli bume eur.luiha-

\s'ninaxala, a young-wife doesn't eat standing-
Jf up or walking in the kraal of her father-in-
* law.

awu! ngafa bume, oh! 1 am dead while
still living, i. c. my chronic ailment has
rendered me utterly useless as a man, as
good as dead.

baf'ubn babone lo'mhlola, b'orna bume,
wheu they saw this strange thing, they dried
up still standing (i. e. became fixed to the
spot with amazement, consternation, etc.).

isi-Bumu (Bhumu),n. == is-Abumu.

um-Bumu (Bhumu), n. 5. — isi-Bono.

i(li)-Bumumu (Bhumumu), n. Big, good-
for-nothing man.

Buna,?;. Fade, wither, as a plant; dry up,
/as a sore when healing; die off, die away,

as sheep from emaciation. Cp. feketa

[Ga. buna, brown].

Bunca, ukuti (Bhi'inca, ukuthi). v. ==. bn-

ncana.
Buncana (Bhuncana), v. Shrink, shrivel
, up, gather together into small compass,

as a dried fruit, gall-bladder, an old

woman, or a shirt through washing =

shivabana.

u-Bunce (Bhunce), n. Certain small bird.
um-Bunce (Bhunce), n. 5. Any shrunken,

shrivelled - up thing, as above see

buncana.
Bunda, v. Shrink away, dry up, become
. merely bones, as one wasting with con-
S sumption, or sheep with famine.

i(li)-Bunda, n. Certain shrub (Dombeyia
Natalensis), whose skinny bark is used
for making baskets = i(ii)-Bunga.

u(lu)-Bunda, n. Miserably emaciated, dried-
up, animal or person, merely bones, as
from wasting disease or famine; (C.N.)
= u-Bamba.

BU

u(lu)-Bunda or Bunda (Buunda), n. Raised
earthen boundary, made in the floor of
a hut, cutting off a small portion at tin-
side thereof tor the use of youn."' goats,

etc.; such an enclosed place itself ; hence,
sometimes applied to the batch of goats
sleeping there or belonging to that par-
ticular hut. Cp. i(li)-Tombe.

Bundana, v. Shrink together, dry up,
become merely a skeleton, as a withered
grenadilla = buncana.

i-mBundu (B/mundu), n. i-mBondwane.

um-Bundu (Bimndu), n. 5. A bulging-fold,
pleat or plait, such as caused in a wo-
man's kilt or a lady's dress by the
gathering in at the waist; a crimpling,
creasing, or wavy unevenness at the
edge of a sleeping-mat, from having
pulled the parts too tightly together;
raised earthen border made in the floor
at the back of a Native hut, so as to
mark off the um-Samo or place for pots.
(cp. u(lu)-Bunda; i(li)-Ziko).

u(lu)-Bundubundu, n. Any substance of a
smooth pasty nature, as boiled arrowroot,
flour paste, plaster, etc.

Bune, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be drooping, in
a faded or jaded state, without strength
or vigour, as a plant through drought,
or a person overcome by hunger. Cp.
buna.

i-mBune (Bhune), n. Withered, emaciated,
strengthless creature, man or beast, as
from age or disease; certain climbing-
plant, bearing a large kind of bean (N.
= i-niBoni).

N.B. This bean is used by an wntakati
to cause a person to waste away (buna)!

Bunga, v. Gather or heap together in one
place, as firewood (ace), or mealies;
gather or flock together, as bees round
the queen (ace), or sheep collecting to-
gether; gather or flock round, as flies
round a person or children round a
visitor (ace); come upon in a flock,
swarm, etc., as birds or locusts upon
corn (ace) in afield; heap upon a person
(ace) all manner of charges. Cp. bu-
ng any ela; bungaza.

i(li)-Bunga, n. Piece of rotten, decayed
wood, whether stick, post, or tree-trunk;
also = i(li)-Bunda; certain plant used
as an um-Bulelo for causing 'rot or
decay' in a kraal.

Ex. ixibqnda sexing'amabunya, the posts

are already rotten.

i-mBunga (Bhunga),n. Hair of a soft
downy, woolly nature, as that about the
tail of a rabbit or at the back of a man's
neck; fluff, nap, as on some cloths;

y

BU

(C.N.) manner of dressing the hair with
young-men so that it have a frizzy ap-
pearance (sometimes in plur. izi-mBu-
nga). Cp. isi-Hlupe, i(H)-Qubu; urn-,
Siren do.
isi-Bunga, n. Certain disease, caused by
an um-Bulelo. *

Bungabunga, v. — bungaza.

i(li)-Bungane (Bhungane), n. Generic name
for any flying beetle; hence, applied in
a more particular sense to the human
intestinal beetle f= i(H)-Kambi), a cer-
tain boring fly, etc.

N.B. The two varieties of Mylabris (M.
bifaseiata and M. lunata), so common in
the pumpkin-fields and valuable for their
blistering properties, are gen. merely called
by this name, seeming to have no distin-
guishing appellation, although their blistering
properties are known.

Bunganyela, v. Flock or gather together
for, collect round, as people round one
(ace.) who has met with an accident, or
rattle round something exciting on the
veldt. Cp. bunga; bungaza.

Bungaza,?'. = bunga; and bungazela.

Bungazela, v. Gather to, come closely round
about, as a child might about its mother
(ace.) from whom it would like something
or about a friend just arrived; fawn
upon, show affectation by close contact,
as a dog running about its master (ace.)
who has just arrived ; caress, put one-
self closely around or about, as a father
affectionately caressing his child (ace),
or a person his dog; keep flatteringly
about the chief (ace), as one seeking to
ingratiate himself with him.

Bungcana (Bh/nigcana), v. = buncana.

isi-Bunge (Bhunge), n. = isi-Bumbe.

Bungela, v. Heap or gather together in
• a- at any place, as mealies (ace), rub-
bish, etc; heap upon, as firewood (ace
or with nga) upon a fire (ace), or false
charges upon a person; gather or collect
thickly upon, cover 'in neaps', as ticks
might a person (ace). See bunga.

ama-Bungela, n. Charges 'heaped' falsely
upon a person.

i(li)-Bungezi (Bhungezi), n. (N.) = i(li)-
Bungane.

i(li)-Bungu, n. Certain kind of river-grass
or rush ; veldt-grass, field-crops, etc.
while still young and soft, about a few
inches above the ground.

i(li)-Bungu (Bhungu), n. Lad, young male
of about sixteen or eighteen years. Cp.
i(li)-Bonga.

isi-Bungu, //. Maggot of a certain fly, living

58 BU

in the ground ; maggot-like piece of flesh
extracted from beneath the tongue of a
young dog (=um-Nqadula). CTp.i-mPetu.

um-Bungu, n. 5. Embryo of man or beast
still in the womb and not yet a foetus
(= um-Gawu); ox of an entirely white
colour, horns and all [Her. oty-mu-
mbunibua, foetus].

Bunguka (Bhunguka), v. Leave or aban-
don one's parents and home and become
'wild' i. e. living among 'foreign tribes'
or in non-related kraals. Cp. hlubuka.

Bungula (Bhungula), v. Cause a person
(ace) to abandon parents or home, as
above; used also for making a person
(ace) insane or go mad. Cp. hlubula.

i-mBungulu (Bhungulu), n. Bug = i-nTsi-
kizi [Ga. blulu, bug].

i-mBungumbungu (B hung umb hung u), n.
Thing of a soft, yielding nature to pres-
sure of the feet or hands, as the soft
earth in a cattle-fold, soft downy hair,
etc. Cp. i-mBunga.

Bunguza, v. Move rollingly along, roll
heavily about, etc., in a heavy, lumbering
manner, as a big snake moving torpidly
along, or a heavy sheep' s-tail dangling
round and about behind.

um-Bunguza, n. 5. Big, rolling, lumber-
some mass, as of izi-nJobo, a large
sheep's-tail, or a snake.

Bunguzeka (Bhunguzeka), v. Yield softly
to pressure, as anything of the nature
of an i-mBungumbungu.

Bunguzela (Bhunguzela), v. = bongozela.

Buniyani, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fade right
away or die away rapidly, or without
effort. See ukuti bune.

Bunku, ukuti (Bhunku, ukuthi), v. = bu-
nkula.

Bunkula (Bhunkula), v. Break, snap, or
cutoff or apart, as a branch (ace) from
a tree, a mealie-cob from the stalk, one
piece of meat or cloth from another, or
as a man cutting off i. e. rejecting, having
done with, any of his wrives or children.

Bunqana (Bhunqana),v. = buncana.

Buntsha (Bhuntsha), v. Be or become no
longer appreciated or of interest, become
of little or no value, get consequently
neglected or abandoned, as a piece of
handiwork which one has made and then
sold unduly cheap or left about uncared
for, a hut or any undertaking which
one has commenced and then through
loss of interest left unfinished (used in
perf.).

u(lu)-Buntshu (Bhuntshu), n. Person with
very small buttocks = isi-Shodo.

BU

B'untsu, ukuti (Bhuntsu, ukuthi), v. Pitch
or throw heavily down, as a heavy load
(ace.) carried on the head = buntsula;
get so thrown down heavily === buntsu-
leka. See ukuti tuntsu.

Buntsula (Bhuntsula), v. = ukuti buntsu;
tuntsula.

Buntsuleka (Bhuntsuleka), v. = ukuti bu-
ntsu; funtsuleka.

i(li)-Bunu (Bhunu), n. Dutchman, Boer [fr.
Xo. i(li)-Bulu\.

isi-Bunu, n. Vagina femince (this word is
of a decent nature, and can be used,
when necessary, in respectable society)
= i-nTlunu [Bo. tunu, lust; Her. e-kuku,
vagina].

Bunuka (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = bunusa.

Bunusa, v. Live the 'gentleman' i. e. lead
an easy, happy life, with abundance to
eat and drink and nothing to do, as a
wealthy kraal-owner, or a wife in a
chief's kraal. Cp. tamasa; hleleleka;
ukuti zele zele.

i(li)-Bunzi, n. Forehead = i-mVelelo [Skr.
bhru, brow; Ar. "ura, forehead; Her.
o-mbumbu].

Buqa (Bhuqa), v. Make a clean end of a
thing (ace), finish it off or clear it away
outright, as cattle clearing off a field of
mealies, constant walking wearing clean
off all the grass from a place, or an
army making a clean end of an enemy
(= ukuti buqe, buqaza); go over a field
(ace.) a second time, 'doing for it entire-
ly', as when a harrow is sent over it
after ploughing so as to completely
break up the clods, or when re-sowing
it after a first sowing has not been a
success; make sport of a person (ace),
have fun out of him, humbug him,
whether by humourous talking or prac-
tical joking.

i-mBuqa (Bhuqa), u. Person or thing cast
aside, neglected, as of no further value
or use = i-nGinqi.

Buqabuqa (Bhuqabhuqa), v. Dash down
or about, make a thorough end of him,
as a strong man might another (ace.)
with whom he is wrestling.

Buqaza (Bhuqaza),v. = bhuqa.
Buqazela (Bhuqazela), v. (C.N.) = va-
bazela.

BLiqe, ukuti (Bhuqe, ukuthi), v. Make a
clean end of a thing (ace), finish it off
entirely (= buqa, ukuti lohle, ukuti
lute); be quite black, pitch dark (gen.
with mnyama = ukuti kace, ukuti
gande).

i(li), or isi-Buqe (Bhuqe), n. A clean sweep-

59 BU

ing off (with enza), as above = i(ii)-
Lohle, isi-Size.

i(li)-Buqu (Bhuqu),n. 1 se, lighl soil

(whether poor, sandy, or rich) such as
can be raised up by the wind as dust.
Cp. i-inBu ng u >u b u ng u .

i-mBuqumbuqu (Bhuqumbhuqu), u. x=i(li)-

Buijii.

i(li)-Buqusi (BhuquH), u. Dust, as rises
from the road in a wind = u(lu)-Tuli.

Buquza (Bhuquza), v. Raise a dust, kick
up a dust (ace), as children romping or
dancing in a dusty place, a girl sweeping
in a room, or bullocks on a road (—
puquza; cp. kupeza); knock up the dust
of a country i. e. tramp or travel away
over it (ace), even when using only
grass paths; roll about, squat down, etc,
'in the dust', i. e. anywhere, on the bare
ground, not tidily selecting a seat.

um-Buqwa (Bhuqwa), ?i. 5. Certain food
prepared by mixing crushed mealies
with crushed pumpkin-pips, u(lu)-Donqa,
etc., and eaten dry.

Burru, ukuti (Bhurru, ukuthi), v. = bu-
rruza; burruzeka.

Burru, ukuti (Bhurru, ukuthi, with a

prolongation on the final voweU, v. Be,
or go, in a long continuous procession,
as a string of cattle, or constant pro-
cession of people = burruka; ukuti qu,
quma; cp. gquma.

Burruka (Bhurruka), v. = ukuti burnt.

Burruza (Bhurruza), v. Deal a person (ace)
a 'squelching' blow in the belly, with a
stick or kick; throw violently down any
squelching body, as a fowl = ukuti
burru.

Burruzeka (Bhurruzeka), v. Get so thrown
'squelchingly' down, or receive such a
blow, as above = ukuti burru.

Busa, v. Enjoy a 'fine' life, as one with
plenty to eat and drink and nothing to
do (cp. bunusa); hence, live the gentle-
man, be a lord; lord it over a country
i. e. reign over it (with ku, or sometimes
ace), as a chief [Her. pua, prosper].

Ex. bayabusa labo'bantu! they have a
fine life, have those people.

esabusa uMpande kwa'Zulu, while Mpande
was still king in Zululand.

mus'ukuxiSusa ngami, don't get enjoying
yourself at my expense.

uku-xi-busela, to live at ease for oneself,
live independently of others, eujoy life as
one likes; hence sometimes, to be free, en-
joy perfect liberty.

Bushu bushu, ukuti (Bhushu bhushu, uku-
thi), v. z=z bushuza; bushuzela.

BU

\

Bushuza (Bhushuza), v. Go with the but-
tocks /. e. keeping them close together
and wriggling them slightly from side
to side as one goes, as people, gen. short
and plump, who habitually walk with
very short steps; go wriggling the but-
tocks i. e. go naked, generally, and as
any kind of person = shubuza.

Bushuzela or Bushuzela-ze (Bhushuzela), v.
Go along naked, 'wriggling the bare
buttocks', as above = shubuzela.

\s\-Bushwane ( Bh tts/t /rane), n. Short plump-
bodied person who walks with short
quick steps, wriggling the well-stuffed but-
tocks about from side to side as he goes ;
also applied to a plump-bodied ox with
well-filled out buttocks (= isi-Shubuka);
an idiot, one naturally without intellect,
' who goes about bare', as though under-
standing nothing.

Busisa, y. Cause or help one (ace.) to en-
joy life or have fine times, as a chief
might a favourite by lavishing wealth
upon him ; hence (M), make prosperous,
bless, as God (cp. hlahlamelisa).

um-Buso, n. 5. An enjoying of life, 'fine
times'; manner of enjoying one's life,
as customary with any particular nation,
as bull-fighting might be with the Spa-
niards, or polygamy and beer-drinking
with the Kafir; mode of 'lording it' or
acting the chief in a land i. e. mode of
dealing with or governing the people,
making life happy for them (they being
supposed to be the 'children' of the
chief); country over which one lords it
or reigns, kingdom.

Buta (Bntha),v. Gather together or up,
rullect, as rubbish ('ace), scattered grains
or blankets; call to account, bring up,
as a person's talk may afterwards bring
him up for an explanation; pass, butwa,
In- gathered into i.e. incorporated in a
regiment, as was every young-man
among the Zulus upon attaining about
his twentieth year of age (see i(li)-Buto)
[Sw. kutanisha; Bo. vuzd\.

Ex. nabutwa-pi nina? Sabutwa ha'Nodwe-
ngu, where were you assembled (i. e. your
regiment), where did you serve for military

rice '.' We were assembled, or we served,
at the Nodwengu military-kraal.

Phr. ukuhlwa kuyakukubuta, the dusk will
rake you iu or bring you back — as might
In- Bald to a naughty boy running away
from punishment.

uku-buta uifsluvaqa, to gather in the
wrinkles i. c. to frown.

i(li)-Buta (Butha), n. Certain climbing
plant, used as a charm for attracting
the girls.

60 BU

Butalala (Bnthalala), v. = ukuti butalala.

Butalala, ukuti (Bilthalala, ukuthi), v.
Squat down in a crouching posture i.e.
resting upon the knees with the but-
tocks upon the heels and the body lying
low over the knees; lie on the belly
(not on the side), as a cat or a dog,
with the head erect. Cq. barnbelela.

Butana (Buthana), v. Gather or collect
together' (intrans.), as cattle or people
coming together on one spot [Sw. kuta-
na].

i-m Butane (Bhuthane), n. Kind of scented
grass (C.N.).

Butaza (Buthaza), v. Gather up closely
together, compress, as a person his body
when pressed for room.

Ex. iiku-xi-butaxa, draw oneself together,
crouch, as a cat when about to spring, or a
thief hiding in a bush. See hi-Butu; iiku-
xi-cuta.

Butazeka (Buthazeka), v. Get drawn toge-
ther, or compressed, as the body of a
cat before it springs, or a new clay-pot
still soft when it gets pressed together
at the sides.

Butisa (Buthisa), v. Gather itself (or them-
selves) together in one place, as a snake
when coiling itself up, or cattle collecting-
together on one spot at mid-day (some-
times used in reflect, form tiku-zi-bu-
tisa).

Ex. nantsi inyoka ibutisile otshanini,
here's a snake coiled up in the grass.

irikomo sexibutisile, the cattle have now
collected together (for the mid-day rest).
Cp. i-mBude.

um-Butiso (Buthiso), n. 5. A combined
ploughing or hoeing for the chief by
his people, and applied alike to the as-
sembled workers or to the land plough-
ed by them. Cp. i(li)-Lima.

i(li)-Buto (Butho), n. Regiment, such as were
periodically formed by the Zulu king

| of all young-men of the nation of a like
age; member of any such regiment, war-

; rior, or fighting-man (cp. u(lu)-Dibi);
all collectively, or each individually, of
the girls of a similar 'regiment' (in
their case there was no actual embodi-
ment in regiments, but from time to
time, perhaps at the period of incorpor-
ating a new male regiment, the Zulu
king would also coin a name by which
all the girls of the nation of a like age

, would henceforth be known ; the women
thus knew their respective ages from
their i-buto).

Ex. ity'ini wena, ibuto lako? Ngvy'indhlu-
yengwe, of what regiment are you? T am an

BU

i-nDhluyengtve (the Leopard's-lair— uame of
a regiment).

P. akohlisana (amabuto), ehlomile, they
deceive one another (the warriors) when un-
der arms or on the war-path (having then
to be very wary) == two rascals (out on the
same job) met and took each other in.
N.B. Every boy in Zululand who had

/ attained about his eighth year had to
work, when required at any military-kraal,
as an u(lu)-Dibi or baggage-bearer. When
about eighteen or twenty, he was, along with
all the other youth of a like age throughout
the land, incorporated into some newly-form-
ed and newly-named regiment, and for a

^ time had to serve a kind of apprenticeship
in one of the military-kraals (see i(li)-Kanda).

Butu, ukuti (Buthu, ukuthi), v. = butuha;
butuza.

izi-Butu (Buthu), n. Crouching posture, a
compressing of the body together into
small compass, as when wishing to con-
ceal oneself from sight, or when ap-
proaching the Zulu king, or as a cat
about to spring -- only used adverbially
as below.

Ex. uku-lala ixibutu, to lie crouched up
= butaxa.

um-Butu (Buthu), u. 6. A general dropping
or dying off in large numbers and with-
out apparent cause, as sheep or goats.

Butuka (Buthuka), v. Crumble to pieces,
as a lump of dry earth between the
fingers; drop away or die off, as sheep
or goats, in large numbers and without
apparent cause.

i-rnButuma (Bhuthuma), n. Big, baking-
fire, formed of a heap of glowing logs.

Butuza (Buthuza), v. Make crumble to
pieces, as a piece of dry earth (ace), be-
tween the fingers ; make drop or die
off largely, as certain diseases do sheep
(ace).

Butuzeka {Buthuzeka), v. = butuka.

Biixe, ukuti (Bhuxe, ukuthi), v. = buxeka;
buxekeka.

Buxeka (Bhuxeka), v. Place so as to stand
immovable or firm ; hence, fix or drive
in firmly, as a stake (ace); set down
firmly i. e. flat down or squat, as a flat-
bottomed can (ace), or an infant on its
buttocks; settle firmly or fixedly, as
one's kraal in any particular locality =
ukuti buxe.

Buxekeka (Bhuxekeka), v. Get placed
firmly or immovably, as above; get
firmly fixed or driven in ; get to sit flat
down, as a can, or squat down, as a
lazy woman idling; get firmly settled

61 BU

down, as a kraal in any locality, or a
man in a new position.

isi-Buxu (Bhu.r/i), a. Calf with unusually
large body.

Biixu biixu, ukuti (Bhu.ru hhu.ru, ukuthi), r.
Wash the body with the hands, as when
bathing.

Buxunga (Bhuxunga), v. Wash the back
of another person (ace).

Buya, v. Come or go back, return; bend
inwards at the top, as the sides of a
beer-barrel, or in a more pronounced
degree in some globe-shaped vases ami
Native pots and baskets (cp. cita; u(/u)-
Bijongo; <u»a-Ngu?igu); be closely,
compactly built, as a cosy Native hut
that has been well thatched so as to al-
low of no cold or draughts to enter
(used in pert'); succeed in getting, or
come off with, anything (with na) over
which there has been some contention;
be thus obtained after successful conten-
tion, come back with one (with na of
person), as some object (nom.) over
which there has been contention; con-
tract, as a healing sore; also used ad-
verbially, as an aux. verb, and expres-
sing 'afterwards, and then, again, etc'
[prob. akin to buta; At bo, go back].

Ex. ngibuya hona, ngibuya kuye, ngibuye-
la wena, ngibuyela toiwe, I return from there,
I return from him, I return for (*. e. to fetch,
or on account of) you, I return to you.

ilcanda lake UbuyUe, his head curves round
at the forehead (■/. e. curves forwards, is bow-
shap).

ngitanda isitsha esibuyileyo, I prefer a
vessel bending in at the top (not straight-
sided).

labuya nati (icala), it (the lawcase) came
back with us, i.e. we Avon the case.

ngiyakubuya nako, I shall succeed in get-
ting hold of it — as when thinking for a
word one has momentarily forgotten.

yafuba mgijamele {inyati), yadhlula; nga-
buya umoya-ke; ngaseiujifde uvalo, after it
(the buffalo) had cast an angry look at me,
it passed on; and I came back again as to
my breath {i.e. and I breathed again freely:;
for I was already dead with fright.

ibuya, \nadoda! it (the impi) returns (to
the fight), my men! - a common rallying
cry of Natives fighting.

yidhla manjc, ubuye uxe hi mi. eat now,
and then come to me.

wabuya watt uMpamde, afterwards Mpande

said.

uma ubuya ukwenxa, aim! 'Mpande! wo-
bona okukulu, if you do it again, oh! by
Mpande! you will see something great.

BU

62

BU

i(li)-Buya (Buuya), n. Backwash of any
kind, i.e. water driving backwards, or
up on to the land, not passing off in a
free forward course, as the in-coming
tide at a river-mouth (the waters ap-
parently being thrown back on the land),
or as in some rivers, where a swift cur-
rent throws the side-waters in a circular,
backward course round some pro-
montory.

i(li)-Buya, //. Place where a large number
of people have their fields together, a
large number of fields close together in
one common spot = um-Limela.

i-mBuya (Bhuya), n. Common weed (Ama-
ranthus Thunbergii), much liked as imi-
f'nio when young; also another weed
somewhat resembling it, but said to
cause dysentery in a kraal in the vicinity
of which it grows (== isi-Nyembane).

P. (iimuntu) o'manxiwa kainili 'mbuya,

a person whose kraal-sites dou't grow any
imbuya (he doesn't stay long enough for
that), — said of a restless man, who is con-
stantly shifting his kraal.

isi-Buya, n. Spot prepared for threshing
Kafir-corn f= isi-Za); fenced enclosure
for storing grain after harvesting.

i-mBuyabatwa (Bhuyabathwa), n. Certain
weed, something like the i-mBuya, but
thorny, and not eaten.

Buyelela, v. Return on the same day (not
sleeping away from home).

Buyisa, v. Return, bring or send -anything
(ace.) back, as an article borrowed ; bring-
back (the clouds), be working up for
rain, as the heavens; take back, with-
draw, as offensive words; make good,
replace, as the injured property (ace.)
of another; rally, as an induna might
his warriors after a repulse by shouting
ibuya! to them; bring back home a
recently deceased person (ace. i. e. his
i(li)-Dhlozi — see hlamba).

Ex. (ixulu) Wanda uk//buyisa, it (the

weather) wants to work up for rain (J. o. a

Bet-in rain, not ;i passing shower or storm).

P. abiibuyisi bapambili, the turners-hack

i. r. those who are worse than those you

are running away from) are on ahead =

you will find worse things on ahead; out

the frying-pan into the fire.

Buyisana, v. Bring or send back one to
another; take back one from another,
withdraw mutually, as offensive words;
hence, make it up, after a quarrel.

Buyisela, /-. Cause to come back to a person
something, return or restore a person
his tiling (doub. ace.) ; make amends to
a person (ace.) for something damaged

or lost (ace.) by something else (with
nga).

Phr. akusena'kubuyiselwa'muva, it is no
longer able to be returned back (and be as
though never donoj = it's no use crying
over spilt milk.

Buza (Bhuza), v. Buzz, hum, as a swarm
of flies or bees; swarm, be numerous,
as an immense number of cattle or a
pig's litter; wrander idly, saunter about
without any purpose, as a loafing man
or unherded eattle.

Buza, v. Ask a person (ace.) anything
(ace), put a question to a person (with
Jcu) about some matter (ace. or with
nga); enquire about something (ace. or
with nga) of a person (with ku, or ace.
respectively) ; interrogate, examine orally,
as a teacher his class (ace.) [Lat. postulo,
I demand; Ar. sa'al, ask; MZT. buzia;
Chw. butsa; Ka. buja; Ga. wuza; Sw.
uza; Her. pnra].

Ex. kayabuxwa, yini'l is it then asked
about? — used to express 'of course! there's
no doubt about it.'

wonyibuxa pela! you shall ask me then
(if it is not so) i. e. you'll see if it won't
be as I say.

Phr. uku-buxa vx/wi, to ask about a state-
ment; to ask for a statement or definite
reply.

N.B. A favourite musical pastime of the
Native children is to draw certain figures,
consisting of lines, rings, etc., on the floor
of the hut, whereafter one of the girls,
having noted the position of the several fig-
ures, covers her eyes with one hand, and,
in a pretty minor song, replies to another
of the girls who, pointing to the first of the
figures as they stand, enquires, in a similar
singing tone, Nyibuxa! (I ask what this is!).
There are three varieties of figure and three
different replies, viz. Nyibuxa iimhmo we-
sibamn, yeyeni! (I ask about the mouth of
the gun, ya! ya!); 'Ntsikintsiki, siy'axi so-
nice, yeyeni! (Lump of a thing, we all know
it, we do, ya! ya!); Vuta, 'nkwenkivexi exi-
pum'elwandhle; siye sambamba cNdayimana,
yeyeni! (Flame up, twinkling thing, those
which rise up out of the sea; we went and
caught him at the Diamond-Fields, ya! ya!)
If the girl who is replying, through forget-
fulness of the relative positions of the dif-
ferent figures, sings out an unsuitable reply,
she has lost the game.
i-mBuzana (Bhuzana), n. Green-backed
Bush Warbler (Gamaroptera olivacea)
= i-mBuzi.
i-mBuzane (Bhuzane), n. Black flying-ant
that comes out of the ground after rain
(■=. um-Iyane); black flying and stinging

BU

ant that sometimes appears in swarms
on hot days; small species of fly that
swarms about fermenting stuffs (= i(li)-
Bu); small gnat that rises in columns
from the ground on hot mornings — the
word would seem to have been origi-
nally, as it still is in the Xosa, a generic
name for any kind of gnat or midge ;
in which indiscriminate sense it is, how-
ever, no longer in use among the
Zulus. Cp. i-nTsentsane.

N.B. The naming of the numerous vari-
eties of ant is very contradictory among the
Natives, the different names being applied to
different objects in almost every separate
district.

u(lu)-Buzane (Bhvzane), n. = u(lu)-Buzela.

isi-Buzela (Bhuzela),n. Idle vagrant, one
sauntering lazily about, a loafer.

u(lu)-Buzela (Bhuzela), n. Roaming swarm
of things, as of cattle wandering in great
numbers unherded about a plain = u(lu)-
Yaba. Cp. i(li)-Bolohvane.

um-Buzeli, n. 1. One who defends another,
by cross-examining the other side, ask-
ing questions on his behalf.

isi-Buzenge (Bhuzenge), n. Half-daft, daz-
ed-looking, mentally-lost individual.

i(li)-Buzi, n. Kind of field-rat, larger than
the i-mBiba.

P. ibini Va%iiva umlaleli, the where-abouts
of the field-rat (eaten by some children) are
known to him who listens for it = if you
want a thing, you must go and work for it;
or, the good things come only to those
who search for them.

63 CA

akic'ntsimba yaxwt'ibuzi ngokuhlala, there

is no genet that ever caught a rat by
sitting down.

i-mBuzi (Bhim), n. Goat; also = i-mBu-
zana [Ar. mdjza, goat; Sw. m-btizi;
MZT. im-buzi; Amb. buzi, water-goat;
Mpo. m-boni, goat].

Phr. mus'ukuqub'inibuxi ngakvmi! don't

get driving your goats over towards me! —
said to reprove an intoxicated man when he
rolls up against a person.

P. imbu.vi mgaxaVirikomo (N. nomkmgu
atit/nge isicoco)! a goat could beget an ox
(and a whiteman wear a headring)! — be-
fore such and such a thing could be.

imbiixi igudhViguma (or indhlu), the goat
rubs close along the door-screen (or hut) —
when it wants to get a chance to come in
— said of a person cunningly seeking au
opportunity for 'getting' at one, or catching
him by stealth.

isi-Buzi (B)ni-.i),n. Certain kind of grass
(Andropogon finitimns).

i-mBuzimeshe (Bhvzimeshe), n. Cane-rat
(= i(li)-Vondwe); gnu f= i-nKonkonl)
the word seems to be almost obso-
lete now, save, as in Somkeli's district,
where it is used for hlonipa purposes.

Bw — words containing this sound in the
Natal dialect, where it is occasionally
heard, are invariably spoken in Zululand
with the exploded b (bracketed in this
work with a bh), the biv sound being
unknown. Wherefore, all words of this
description must be sought in this book
under the ordinary B, with the bh sign
in brackets.

c

I . in Zulu is used to represent the dental
click, of which there are four varieties, viz.
(1), the dental click simple, represented by the
letter c, and occurring e. g in the word caca
(to be plain); (2), the aspirated dental click,
represented by a cli, as in the word chaeha
(to cover, as water the food in a cooking-pot) ;
(3), a hard liquid dental click, represented by
the sign gr, as in the word geagca (to perform
the wedding-dance), aud geobo (anoint); (4), a
soft liquid dental click, also represented by gc,
as in the words i-nGcacane (a marsh-plant),
aud i-nOcosana (a small quantity) — the dif-
ference between these last two varieties being
sufficiently marked by the fact that the latter
or softer kind only occurs after an n immed-
iately preceding it in the same syllable, the
sound being found mostly in words of which
the radical really commences with a c, but the

sound of which has now become liquified or
tempered down by the presence of the nasal
n preceding it. It must be noted, however,
that there are some words in which the simple
dental click, written with a c, also follows im-
mediately after an n in the same syllable, and
yet does not have its sound affected in any
way; but in such cases it may be assumed as
more probable that the n is, along with the e,
an intrinsic portion of the original root, aud
is not a subsequently added prefix, as for in-
stance in the word i-nOwincwi or i-Ncwinctci
(honey-bird).

Words commencing with the liquid varieties
of the click, written with a gr, will be found
duly entered under the letter G.

Ca (Cha), int. Qa (this latter form being
almost universal in Zululand, the former
in Natal).

CA 64

i-nCa, n. Grass, generally (= u(lu)-Tshani); I

used also adverbially, as below.

Ex. kwafika amnBunn, engangenca nje,
there came the Boers, they being as many
as (the blades of) grass.

Phr. tcam'onela inea (or tcay'onela inca),
they ill-treated him (or it) as though he
were mere grass (to be trodden on) i.e. as
though he were a despicable nothing, of no
worth or account. Cp. ukiv-onela pantsi.

Caba, v. CKop down, chop away, as bushes
(ace.) from a spot being cleared; break
up by biting, as a bone (ace.) when
nibbling it off at the soft end to obtain
the marrow and juice (not the gristle,
etc. clinging to it outside = kukusa);
cut down, slay right and left, as people
(ace.) in a battle.

Ex. iicaba izigxobo, ucaba umuzi, he is

chopping stakes, he is chopping (stakes) for
a kraal.

umivxi sowucatshiwe, the kraal is already
chopped for [i.e. its necessary stakes for
fencing, etc.).

Caba, ukuti (ukuthi) v. Be flat, level,
smooth, as a plain or hut-floor (= caba-
zeka, cabekeka); sit flatly, or squat,
down, as any flat-bottomed vessel, or a
book lying on its side, or a woman
'squatting' on the ground (= cabazeka,
cabekeka); hence, have a pleasant berth,
be comfortably placed, as a woman
marrying into a well-off family (= ca-
bazeka, cabekeka); come clown on to
flat ground, as when descending from a
precipice or steep hill (= cabazeka, ca-
bekeka); make flat or level, as a hut-
floor (ace. = cabaza, cabeka); set down
flat i. e. so as to sit flatly down, as any
flat-bottomed vessel (ace), a grinding-
stone, or a book on its side (= cabaza,
cabeka); place down slightly, whether
in small degree or quantity, as porridge
(ace.) when serving it out; or carefully,
softly, as a blanket (ace.) over a sleeping-
person, or food so that it be not splash-
ed about (= cabeka) = ukuti clefe,
(■a h< i ha, cebebe, cebelele, ta, tebelele.

isi-Caba, ?«. Thin flat piece of crushed
mealies (or tim-Caba), such as gets
turned off the stone when crushing
boiled-mealies for mixing with amasi;
any similar thin flat cake or plate, as a
tin lid or a dinner-plate; Hat, low-lying
strip of land beneath a hill or by a river
(ep. i-rnFunda).

isi-Caba (Cabha), n. Small sitting-mat
(== isi-Cepu); Native hut-door made of
wicker-work.

um-Caba, n. 5. Boiled mealie-grains crushed
"ii tlx; grindstone for mixing with ama-

CA

si; sickly, delicate, strengthless person or
animal.

Phr. umcab'osel'emasini, the crushed-
mealies that are left in the sour-milk — a
term jocularly applied to those young-people
born since the break-up of the Zulu power
and who have consequently not been called
up for regular military service nor incorpo-
rated into regiments, except nominally.

Cababa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti caba.

Caba caba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tikuti taba
taba, ukuti zinzi zinzi.

Caba caba, ukuti (Cabha cabha, ukuthi), v.
Patter, as a rain-drops on the wet ground.
N.B. There is a universal custom among
Native children of splashing about with their
feet in the rain, singing, ' Caba cabal ama-
tontsi ayamuka!' or, 'Cabalele kicesamatole !
cabakle Icweserdnkomo!' — see cabaza.

u-Cabacabane (Cabhacabhane), n. Chil-
dren's pastime, as above (with enza).

u-Cabakashisi (s.k.),n. Nice cool food
a nickname for amasi.

u-Cabalele (Cabhalele), n. = u-Cabacabane.

Cabanga, v. Think, in all its forms; hence,
reflect, consider; imagine, suppose, fancy,
any thing (ace.) or person = kankanya,
kanyanga. Cp. zindhla [Skr. man,
think; Sw. angalia, have thought for;
Her. ndangovasi, imagine].

Ex. hade ngikucabanga, I have been long
imagining (i. e. suspecting) you.

kade ngicabanga ngawe (or ngikucabanga),
long is it I have been thinking of you.

u(lu)-Cabanga, n. Cartilage at the end of
the breast-bone = i(li)-Pe, u(lu)-Valo.

Cabangela, v. Think, or presume for a per-
son (ace.) i. e. assume a knowledge of
his thoughts or actions ; hence (in a bad
sense), imagine for him, entertain
thoughts of suspicion about him, su-
spect him, as of doing any bad action
= zindhlekela.

um-Cabango, n. 5. A thought; reflection,
consideration.

Cabaya (Cabhaya), v. = cabaza (cabhaza).

Cabaza, v. = ukuti caba.

Cabaza (Cabhaza), v. Splash about sing-
ing in the rain, as Native children
have the custom of doing. See ukuti
caba caba.

Cabazeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti caba.

ubu-Cabe, n. = um-Cabo.

Cabeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti caba; also, get
cleared or chopped away, as bushes, etc.
— see caba.

um-Cabo, n.5. Piece of bush-land newly
cleared = ubu-Cabe, ubu-Hlahlo.

/

CA 65

isi-Cabu, n. Any kind of venomous spider
(= u(lu)-Lembu); gadfly (=■ isi-Bawu).
(C.N.).

Caca, v. Open a wound (ace. = i-nGozi),
gen. on the head, by scraping aside the
flesh so as to reveal the underlying
bone.

Caca (Chacha), v. Ijjfi^wlaitt, evident, un-
obscured, as the words of a person (not
as a kraal — see u(lu)-Bala; nor water
= ctveba); be glossy, sleek, as the skin
of a person or beast in good condition
(= cacamba, tawuzela, topa); appear
like a shiny covering on the top, as
water (nom.) when poured on food in a
pot so as just to cover it with a shining
surface (pert*, is used in all above senses
to indicate the state); break up, chop
up, as a bone (ace.) for boiling in soup
or extracting the marrow (cp. caba), or
as the middle wattles in the roof of a
a Native hut when removing the same
in two portions.

Ex. amazwi ako acacile, your words are
clear, evident.

tel'amcmxd, acace, pour in water, so that
it may show a surface (above the food).

ueaeile uBani, he is in fine sleek condi-
tion, is So-and-so.

u(lu)-Caca, n. Anything lying 'scattered'
or fallen about over the ground, as
Kafir-corn blown down (in grain, or
plant) by the wind, mealies spread all
about the ground to dry, or men strewn
killed over a field of battle.

Cacamba (Chachambha),v. Burst by
cracking (not into atoms), as an earthen
beer-pot, or lamp glass; burst open by
splitting the joint, as a seed-pod; be
sleek, with well-filled-out, glossy skin,
as a person or beast (used in perf. =
caca).

Phr. uku-caeambisa amadhloxi , to put in
good condition the ancestral-spirits, i. e. put
them in good heart, make them come back
to the kraal, when, by some misfortune, it
is feared they have forsaken it. This is
done by slaughtering a white beast in their
honour and placing medicine at the back of
the hut to be sipped by them.

Cacamezela, v. Do anything carefully,
with concern, as when carrying a fragile
vessel, pouring out beer, hoeing a val-
ued plant; do, use, treat economically,
with frugal care, as when patching a
garment to make it last long, or when
tying up a bundle with scraps of old
string, other being unobtainable; act
with patient, resigned perseverance or
carefulness, as in any hard circumstance
difficult to bear = catamezela.

CA

i(li)-Cacane, n. Certain
an orange-red spike

of tin

growing

veldt-plant having

ike the i-nOcaeane

e marsh; in some localities applied

indiscriminately to one kind and the

other.

Cacaza (Chachaza), /'. Act the lord, be
the master, as a bull over the herd or
a wife over the man (with pezu, or loo);
make oneself out the master, as a boldly
disobedient child, or a stranger impro-
perly assuming authority in any kraal
f= tontota); drip, as rain from the roof
of a hut ( = xaxaza); leak by letting
ooze or trickle out, as a cracked pot;
crack or crackle, as dry firewood when
split up or a board when breaking
lengthways (= rrerra); also = qaqaza.

Cacisa or Cacisela (Chachisa), v. Make
an affair (ace), word, etc., clear, or plainly
evident for a person (ace). Cp. casisela.

Cadelana, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be very thin,
with the bones showing prominently at
all points of the body = caka.

ama-Cadelana, n. Thin bony person, 'all
bones', as an old man, or thin
boy.

Cafaza (Chafaza), v. Squash up in the
mouth, champ, as honey-comb containing
young bees (= cimiza); squash or break-
softly between the fingers, as the mealie-
grains of an over-fresh cob when shel-
ling.

ama-Cafazi (Chafazi), n. Young immature
bees in the comb, eaten by Natives =
ama-Qanda, ama- Cimiza, ama-Qamuza.

isi-Cafucafu (Chafnchafu), n. = isi-Finini.

Cafuza (Chafaza), v. = xafuza.

isi, or izi-Cagogwana (Gaagogwana), ». An
undertoned slanderous talking about
others (= izi-Vicoco) ; small cooking or
serving of food.

Ex. tiampa-ya behlexi ixieagoywana, there
they are, sitting talking slander, talking ill
about other people.

Caka (s. k.), v. Be very thin, emaciated,
'all bones', as a consumptive or famine-
stricken person (used in perf. = gea-
ntsa); whiten, whitewash, with white
ochre or lime, as a wall (ace), or as
witch-doctors do the body ; hence, paint
the face with colours, as young-men and
girls nowadays occasionally do.

Caka (Chaka), v. Blurt out, let out openly,
publish abroad, as a secret, whether an
affair or a person (ace.) = cekefufa. Cp.
etvula; hahula; pafuza.

Ex. umfana ka'Ncomi indaba u/yicakile,
wasicaka, Ncomi's boy has let out the whole
affair, he has given us away or made us
known.

CA

isi-Caka (Chaka), n. Poor, poverty-strick-
en fellow, without any stock (= i(U)-Ho-
br, umrPangqolo, um-Hlalaqa, i-mPa-
ba nga); pumpkin-garden [Fe. bo-fa ki,
servant; Mpo. oshaka].

Cakabeza fs. k.), v. Make or let get cold,
as food (ace.); make a person get or
feel cold, as cold food, or as when a
person with a cold body lies near him.

i(li)-Cakabezi (s. k.), n. Cooked food already
become cold = i(li)-Takabezi.

Ex. basibekela icakabexilayixolo, they served
11- with some cold stuff of the day before.

Cakacakaza (s. k.), v. Augment, form of

cakaza.
isi-Cakacolo (s. k.), n. Any things, as kraals,

fields, etc., standing numerously together

on one place (not densely packed in one

block = isi-Dhlavela).
isi-Cakafu (s. k.), n. Any squat-bodied

thing, as a pumpkin flattened on both

sides, or a short broad-bottomed pot =

isi-Darraza.
Cakafula (s. k.) v. Walk slowly along, as

an old or feeble person.

Cakafula (Chakafula), v. Revile, abuse
with offensive language = cikacika, ce-
kaceka, ngcoza, xafuza.

Cakalashela (s. k.), v. = calakashela.

Cakalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuli

fitilili.

u(lu), or i-nCakalala (s. k.), n. = i-mFitiWi ;

also = i-mFene.
Cakamisa (s. k.), v. (N) = cakatisa.
Cakasha (s. k.), v. Collect or pick up small

sticks (ace), scraps, for firewood. Cp.

teza.

Cakata (Cakatha),v. — cakatisa.

Cakatisa (Cakathisa), v. Do anything
slightly, just a little, imperfectly, not
thoroughly, as when pouring out a little
water (ace.), grinding snuff roughly
or in small quantity through want of
time; do anything loosely, slackly, not
firmly or tightly, as when fixing a reim
or putting on a covering; do lightly,
softly, gently i.e. carefully, not roughly,
when carrying or washing a fragile
-sel; be or get done slightly, loosely,
etc., as the reim, covering, etc., above;
be an imperfect, a 'loosely' ten i.e. be
nine in number. Cp. cotoza.

Ex. ngicakatisele loku, just take this loosely
along for me - implying that there is do
need of much care being taken; or, just
carry this gently for me — implying care-
fulness of handling (the sense would be
Belf-evident from the particular object refer-
red

66 CA

xicakatisilc ixinkomo tika'Bani, So-and-
so's cattle have not made up a full ishumi,
they are about nine.

Cakaza (s. k.), c. Scatter or throw dis-
orderly about on all sides, as a fowl
does when among spread-out grain (ace),
or children the refuse of imfe, clothes,
etc.; cut incisions abundantly in the body
of a person (ace), 'slice him up' (= va-
kaza; cp. zawula).

Cakaza (Chakaza), v. Slit or notch at the
edges, as men do strips of skin (ace)
when making ornamental tails, or the
edges of an assegai so as to make it
catch into the flesh (= qopa); slit up or
slice up, as one might a hide (ace) when
slicing off a reim or slash for a whip
(— chat/ a).

i(li)-Cakazi (Chakazi), v. Young widow
marrying a second husband = i(li)-Di-
Jcazi. Cp. um-Felwakuzi.

u, i(li), or ubu-Cakide (Chakide), />.. Weasel
= u-Boshobana, u-Mbonjolo.

P. ucakide uhlolile, imamba y'alukilr, the
weasel is at ease, the matnba having gone
out — might be applied to children enjoy-
ing themselves when their parents are away
= when the cat's away, the mice will play.

puma, 'cakide! wadhliwa imamba! come
out, weasel! or you will be eaten by the
matnba = get out of his (your father's)
sight before he comes, if you don't want to
be walloped (as might be said as a warning
to a child who has done wrong).

um-Cako (s. k.), n. 5. White ochreous stone,
found in some localities and used by
the Natives for painting the body (dis-
tinct from u(lu)-Daka olumhlope) ; hence,
lime; certain tree, growing in the bush-
country and whose red berries are used
as an ornament.

Cakula (s.k.),v. Draw, dip, as water or
beer (ace) with the i-nDebc or gourd-
ladle.

um-Cakulo (s.k.),n.5. Small sized earthen
pot, shaped like a pudding-basin or
tin bowl, and used for eating from =
um-Kele, tmi-Kambati, um-Shenyele.

i-nCakusha (ft.k.), n. Certain bluish-coloured
cloth.

i(li)-Cala,w. Anything wrong, deserving com-
plaint, in any kind of action or work ;
hence, fault, defect; mistake, error; harm,
injury; crime, offence against the law;
guilt, guiltiness, as of the person, or his
action ; law-case, trial, of any description
as tried before a court; debt, whether
owing to, or by, a person [Ar. ghala,
fault].

CA 67

Ex. kaku'cala, or kafcuna'cala, it's no
matter, of no consequence.

ttna'cala-ni? what's wrong with you?

•iHciala rlikidu. he has a great crime (at-
tached to him), he has great fault, great
guilt.

katcaba na'cakt,, he suffered no harm or
injury.

angina'cxUa kuloko, I have no responsibi-
lity for that.

uye ecaleni, he has gone to a trial (before
the chief or magistrate).

uye 'kubasela amacal'ake k'oFaJeu, he has
gone to agitate about his debts [.i.e. about
payment of them) at Faku's.

icala limlahlile, the case has thrown him
away, /. e. he has lost the case.

icala limtetite, the ease has relieved him
of blame, i. p. he has got off.

icala limvumele, the case has agreed with
him, i. p. he has won the case.

nkn-twala icala, to incur blame, become
charged with wroug-doiug.

uku-m-beka (wmuntu) icala lokweba, etc.,
to accuse him (any person) of stealing, etc.

uku-li-beka kiiye icala lokweba, pic, to lay
the blame or fault of the stealing, etc., on
him.

uku-m-nilca icala lokuti, to place upon
him the responsibility for any thing

i(li)-Cala (Caala), n. Edge, outside limit
or extremity of anything of surface (cp.
>t(1u)-Cilo, n(lu)-Ndi, u(lu)-Siko) ; side
(relatively), of any surface, as a road
(cp. u(lu)-Hlangoti) ; side, bank, shore,
as of a river (cp. u(lu)-Gu, u(hi')-Sebe);
adv. ecaleni kwa, beside, at the side of.

Ex. uhk'-.i ecaleni kwendhlela, he stands
beside or at the side of the path.

baciteka ernacaleni onke, they scattered on
all sides, in every direction.

ungayi ngas'ecaleni, don't go off towards
the side (/. e. keep straight forward).

i(li)-Calaha (Chalaha), n. Male (i. e. uncas-
trated) dog.

Calakashela (s. k.), v. Do anything by a
forced effort, even when without strength
or heart, as wrhen trudging along to get
to one's journey's end, though quite ex-
hausted, or working when disinclined
or against one's will, or when bearing
up patiently under adverse circum-
stances ; hence, force oneself to do an}r-
thing overpowering or difficult = cata-
mezela, candalasela, cinelela, eondo-
bezela.

Cama (Chama), v. Void or pass urine =
tunda, gcabaza, shobinga.

Cama cama, ukuti (Chama chama, uku-

thi), v. = ukuti nekende.
Camazeka (Chamazeka), v. = nekendeka.

CA

Camanga, v. (C. N.) = eabanga [Skr. man,
think; malis, thought; Lat. mens, mind).

um-Camango, u. 6. (C. N.) = um-Cabango.

Camaza (Chamaza), v. - tamasa.

Cambalala (Cambhalala), v. Recline, lie
down for repose (not sleep = see lala)
[Aug. lambalala; L. Cong, lavalala;
Her. tamanana, lie stretched out].

um-Cambayiya (Cambhayiya), n. 6. Indo-
lent person, always lying down or sleep-
ing.

| Cambuka (Chambhuka), v. Have, or have
made, a bole through; get opened or
lanced, as below = camuka, qambuka.

Cambusa (Chambhusa), v. Make a hole
through anything (ace), as a plank, or
child's ear (according to Native custom
and when it is about seven or eight
years of age = rrerra), or a calabash
at the mouth; lance, open, as an abscess
(ace.) ; be of full intellect, attained to full
clearness of mind, i.e. not stupid or
boorish, as a child growing out of its
first years of infancy, Or a country-lad
brightening up by contact with civili-
sation (= rrerra). See camusa, qa-
mbusa.

Phr. bati ongacambusile, isiputa; udhlela
emkombeni wempaka, they say a person who
has not pierced the ear is a lagger-behind.
one not up to the mark in growth or in-
tellect; he eats out of the trough of the
wild-cat (has cut himself from his family
and their ways and become wild'.

Camela, v. Rest or lean the head on any-
thing (with ku or loc), as upon a pillow.
Cp. eyama [Her. yama, lean against;
Sw. inama],

isi-Camelo, n. Kafir head-rest, made of a
log of wood with a leg at each end =
isi-Gqiki; isi-Goco; cp. um-Bukv.

um-Camo (Chamo), n. Urine; penis maris
= um-Tondo.

i(li)-Camu (Chamu),n. = i(li)-Ncanni.

isi-Camu (Chamn),n. Hole, gap (C. N.).

Camuka (Chamuka), v. Have a hole through,
as below ; get opened or lanced, as an
abscess (■= cambuka); break out in open
sores, as a person's body (= cuceka,
cp. badhluka).

Camusa (Chamusa),v. Make a bole through
anything, as a plank (ace), child's ear,
or garment; open, lance, as an abscess
(ace.) = cambusa, qambusa.

Camusela (Chamusela), v. Hatch, as a hen
(by breaking a hole in the eggs for the
chicks to come out).

i(li)-Canca (Chanca), n. i(/i)-Ca/>cala.

5

CA

68

CA

i(li)-Cancala (Chancala), n. A flooding, as
of any spot with water after heavy rain ;
hence* puddle, pool, as might be formed
on a road after rain ; plur. ama-Cancala,
multitude of pools, general inundation,
swamping, flood, as might be here and
there about a partially submerged field
(= ama-Ta)itala); great abundance of
u-tshwala, 'floods' of it (= ama-Damu,
ama-Bcika). Cp. i(li)-Baka, isi-Bakabaka.
Ex. wuLalaxi seuul'icancala, the Umla-
lazi is now in flood, a broad expanse of,
water.

intsimu ka'Ngoxa is'ing'amacancala, Ngo-
za's field is now flooded, covered with pools,
swamped.

Canda, v. Cleave, split, 'chop', as a log of
wood (ace.) into lengths of firewood =
ba?ida [Lat. ccedo, I cut; Sw. chanja,
chop; Her. penda, split].

Candabezela, v. = calakashela.

Candalasela, v. = calakashela.

Candula,v. Make new or fresh again, as
a smith an old hoe (ace.) by working it
up anew.

Canduleka (s. k.), v. Come out afresh, grow
up again, come out 'young' again, as
new grass coming up after a grass-fire,
or foliage re-appearing on the trees in
spring; become young again (jocularly),
as an old person regaining vigour (used
in perf.).

um-Cane (Chane), n. 5. Meat of an ema-
ciated beast that has died of disease ; also
applied contemptuously to any thin,
sorry animal purposely slaughtered.
Cp. i-nGcuba.

Caneka (Chaneka), v. = ctvaneka.

i(li)-Cangcala ( Chang cala),n. = i(li)-Ca-
ncala.

Canguza (Changuza), v. Dance as girls, at
certain ceremonies or festivals connected
with their sex, as at the ukw-omula,
and at a wedding (in this latter case it
is applied solely to the bride or to the
bride's party collectively and inclusive
of males, but not to the girls of the i(li)-
Keto or bridegroom's party). Cp. gca-
gca; keta; sina.

Canguzisa (Changuzisa), v. Help a girl
(ace.) to dance, i. e. attend her dancing
ceremony, wedding, etc., as a member
of her party.

um-Canguzo (Changuzo), n. 5. = um-Gca-

Cantsa (Chanted), v. Lay out, spread or
"pen out, as a garment or mealies to
dry ; divulge, expose publicly, as a secret

affair = eneka [Sw. tanda, spread out;

Her. vanda, spread over].
i(li), or u(lu)-Cantsi (plur. only ama), n.

Sleeping-mat = u(lu)-Kuko. Cp. i-nKe-

ta; isi-Hlandhla; i(li)-Nxadi.
Cantsisa (Chantsisa), v. Help or cause a

person to lay out anything (doub. ace.) ;

unfold, unravel, explain, lay out clearly

any difficult matter or problem (ace.) =

hlazulula.

Cantsisela (Chantsisela), v. Unfold, un-
ravel, or explain a matter (ace., or ku,
or nga) to or for a person (ace.) — ka-
nyisela.

isi-Canucanu, n. Any rich, luscious food
that quickly causes surfeit or disgust;
any food or medicine of a nauseating
nature, liable to turn the stomach, as
castor-oil or cold soup ; person or thing
of disgusting habits or appearance;
person of a squeamish nature, easily
disgusted = isi-Fehlefehle, isi-Casucasu.

Canuka (s. k.), v. Get sickened or turned
as to the stomach (i-tiTliziyo) by anj'
luscious food, nauseating medicine, or
disgusting sight = casuka.

Canula, v. Turn the stomach (i-nTliziyo),
as luscious food, nauseating medicine,
or disgusting sight = casula, canuzela;
cp. swica.

Ex. kuyangicanida intliziyo loku'kudhla,
this food turns my stomach.

isi-Canulo, n. = isi-Canncanu.

Canuzela, v. = canula.

Capa, ukuti (Chdpha, itkuthi), v. Drop, i. e.
make fall drop-wise, spill in drops, as
a person water (ace), mud, etc.; drop
juice, as a palm-tree when cut = capaza;
drop or dot a thing about with some-
thing of a liquid nature, as a table (ace.)
with lumps of porridge (with nga), or
a floor with drops of ink = capazela;
get dropped about or spilt in drops, as
water, porridge, etc. = capazeka.

Ex. itafula baliti capa capa tjoitke indawo
iigomuti, they dropped or dotted the table
all over with ink.

Capa (Chapha), v. Supple or soften a skin
(ace.) by smearing it or rubbing it in
with amasi, milk, cowdung, etc. [Sw.
paka, smear].

Phr. uku-capa umuntu iiyvntlamba, to
smear a person with abuse, rub it well in-
to him (used chiefly by women).

i-nCapa (Chapha), n. Soft kind of grass,
used for putting under girls menstru-
ating for the first time (C. N.).

ama-Capacapa (Chaphachapha), n. Spots,

CA

dots, blots, and the like, 'dropped' or
scattered about over anything.

Capasha, ukuti (C/tdphasha, ukuthi), v.
Emerge or come up out of the water
on to the other side, as a person when
fording a river = ukuti capashi, ukuti
capashiya.

Capashi, ukuti (Chdphashi, ukuthi), v. ==
ukuti capasha.

Capashiya, ukuti (Chdpashiya, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti capasha.

i(li)-Capazelo (Chaphazelo), n. Drop, as
sprinkled or spilled anywhere; separate
drop of loose rain, such as falls sparsely
at the commencement of a storm.

Phr. uku-dhliwa amacapaxelo, to be eaten
by the drops falling about, i. e. to be struck
or injured by a stray shot or chance blow
intended for someone else — as might occur
to a spectator at a fight.

i-nCape (Chaphe), n. = is-Ancape.

Capeka (Chaphcka), v. Get suppled, as
above — see capa; be well suppled
(figuratively), i. e. of quick perception,
readily grasping, sharp intellectually, as
a boy; to have feeling, sympathy, good
nature, in one's heart (used in perf.).

um-Capo (Chapho), n. 5. Any material
used for suppling a skin, as amasi,
milk, cowdung, etc.

Capuna (Cap h una), v. Take out a small
quantity of anything solid with the hand,
scoop, dish, etc., from a larger quantity,
as when taking out a dishful of mealies
(ace.) from a sack (not of liquids = ca-
kula). Cp. cosula; zacula.

Casa, v. Smash, break up into bits, as a
stone (ace.) or any hard body ; eat amasi
'raw' i. e. unmixed with crushed mealies;
eat or harvest Kafir-corn still green;
also = cwasa [Ar. kasar, break; Ga.
asa, crush ; Sw. saga, grind ; pasua,
split].

Phr. uku-xi-casa, to throw oneself about
on the ground in a rage, as a child.

Casha, v. Hide oneself, as behind a thing,

in the grass, or as a person concealing

himself from his creditors or the police

,- (used in perf.) = baca; also (C. N.) =

cosha.

Phr. ukn-casha ngaye, to hide or screen
oneself by means of him, i. e. casting the
blame on him.

i(li), or isi-Casha, n. Spot, as on a leopard's
skin, a pig, dress, or person's body —
in plur. ama-Cashacasha; (C.N.) certain
poisonous ground-spider (cp. u-No?na-
gende). [Sw. ncha, a point].

isi-Cashakazana (s. k.), n. Certain small

69 CA

salamander, superstitiously regarded as
the i-Dhlozi of some old woman, and
which is carefully avoided, if it should
enter a hut, lest it fall down and get
killed, whereupon evil might be expected
= is-Alukazi, isi-Catakazana, isi-Ca-
shalala.

Cashalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Squat down
on the ground with the body bent lying
over the knees — a freq. posture with
old women ; listen slyly, as when placing
one's ear to the door in order to hear
what is going on inside = ukuti catalala.

Cashalala, v. = ukuti cashalala.

isi-Cashalala, n. = isi-Cashakazana.

i(li), or isi-Cashana, n. Very small spot,
speck, dot — dim. of i(li)-Casha.

Casisa or Casisela, v. Break up or explain
an affair (ace), word, etc., for a person
(doub. ace). Cp. cacisela; hlazulula;
cantsisela.

isi-Casucasu, n. = isi-Canucanu.

Casuka (s. k.), v. = canuka.

Casula, v. = canula.

Cata (Chatha), v. Inject an enema to a
person (ace.) = ta, pots ha, boja.

Phr. hade sixdeata ngotshwala, we've been
just pouring in the beer, drinking largely.

isi-Catakazana (Cathakazana), n. = isi-
Cashakazana.

Catalala, ukuti (Cdthalala, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti cashalala.

Catamezela (Cathamezela), v. = calaka-
shela; also rarely cacamezela.

Cataza (Chathaza), v. Pour out some, not
the whole, of what is in a vessel, as
water (ace), amasi, or snuff = cateka.
Cp. bijelezela.

Cateka (Chatheka), v. = cataza.

Catekela (Chathekela), v. (C.N.) = qa-

ndelela.
isi-Cato (Chatho), n. Any medicine used

as an enema; large quantity of beer, as

at a large beer-drink.

Catu, ukuti {Cdthu, ukuthi), t>. = catula.

um-Catu (Cathu), n. 5. (C.N.) = i-nGcatu.

Phr. umcatu kn,Boviniga7ia, the slow pace

of Bovungana — a former chief who required

his girls to walk slowly to and from the

river, in order not to break their pots (C.X.i.

Catula (Cathula), v. Walk very slowly,
scarcely moving the feet, just crawling
along, as an infant just learning to
toddle, or a very sick person scarcely
able to use his feet = ukwenza
ingcatu.

Ex. uku-catidisa ingane, to cause an in-

CA

70

CE

rant to toddle, '■''■ teach it to walk. Cp.
feieko.

isi-Catulo (Cathulo), n. Boot, shoe (Mod.).

Caya, /•. gcaya.

Caya (Chaya), v. Spread out, lay out,
whether flat on the ground, as mealies
(ace) or clothes to dry, or banging up
on a wall or string, as an i-beshu or
blanket (= eneka); separate into small
strips or shreds, as when pulling fibre
(ace) into its component threads or a
palm-leaf into strips, (— rraya); slice
up. as a skin (ace) into strips, a pump-
kin into slices, or the body by numerous
incisions (= rraya, cakaza, caza) [Cong*
kaya, divide].

ubu-Cayi, n. State of annoying incon-
venience, an inconvenient position, an
unpleasant fix.

Ex. ngis'ebucayini la pa, ngilondel'umuntu
ogulayo, I am awkwardly placed here,
having to look after the kraal for one who
is sick.

in<; ijHitu Icahle ixitsha lexo tabehmyu, u-
yafa; iibucayi lobu, you must hold carefully
those vessels of the white-people, they break
[easily); a troublesome, awkward matter that
I /. i . those vessels).

isi-Cayo, )/. Wicker-tray, for carrying
meat (cp. u(lu)-Gqoko)', sometimes used
for is-Adhla.

um-Cayo (Chayo), n. 5. Single thread, as
of separated fibre (a number of which
when rolled together make the i-ntambo
or string for sewing and weaving pur-
poses); single small strip or shred, as
of a palm-leaf.

Caza, v. Separate or divide anything into
parts or portions, as an orange (ace.)
when distributing it among several, beer
among one's wives, or any matter, when
making it clear by separating distinctly
its different facts, etc. = cazulula, co-
nzulula.

Ex. eaxela, wetu! give us a bit. comrade!

common request of one boy to another

Caza (Chaza),v. Make incisions in the
-kin of a person (ace.) for rubbing in
medicine (= zaula, gcaba); also some-
times used for caza.

Cazulula, /•. caza.

i(li)-Ce (Che),n. Habitual good fortune,
success, prosperity, as of a young-man in
regard to girls (i.e. lezintombi), cattle
(i-cr lezinkomo), or any matter of
business (not a casual stroke of fortune
<>r bit of good luck = i-nTTahla). See
U-Tekete.

u(lu)-Ce (Che. plur. i-uGce),n. Dribble
or tenacious spittle of an infant, which
hangs from its mouth (cp. bibidhla) ;
kind of very fine, brightly green river-
grass, having soft hair-like blades (==
u-Kazikazi).

Ceba, v. Inform against a person (ace.)
to his superiors (with ku or loc.), accuse
behind one's back (= klala, humusha,
kelenga) ; devise, contrive, invent, as a
plan (i-cebo), means for doing anything,
lies, etc. (= qamba). Cp. songoza; rra-
ma.

Ceba (Ceeba), v. Be rich, well-off (used,.,
in perf.); (N) be in good condition, as
an ox (used in perf. — kulupala). Cp.
nota; zaleka.

i(li)-Ceba, n. Upper part of the shoulders,
between the shoulder-blades (C.N.).

Cebebe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti caba.

Cebedisa, />. Seek to win favour by fine pre-
tending appearances, put on fine plausi-
ble ways in order to win favour, as when
a man, wishing to be given a share at
a meat feast, makes himself osten-
tatiously helpful to the one in charge
(with ku and ela form), or a young-man
seeking to regain the good-will of his
father, with whom he has fallen out, by
adopting towards him a manner of unu-
sual submissiveness, or a person seek-
ing by his pleasing manners to get him-
self liked by the chief; let the vulva
hang loosely, i. e. be about to calve, as
a cow = cebeza. Cp. ncenyelezela.

Ex. vlui-xi-cebedisela enkosin/i, to curry
favour, make oneself liked with the chief.

inkotnaxi is'icebedisa, the cow is now
wauting to calve (perhaps in a few hours).

mus'ukucebedisa ngesandhla, don't be seek-
ing to make the thing look favourable with
you hand — as a seller when spreading out
his grain broadly in the basket so as to
make it appear much.
Cebekazi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. — ukuti

caba.
Cebelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti caba.
i-nCebelezela, n. (N) = u(lu)-Titi.

Cebengela, v. Patch up any old worn-out
thing, hold it together by patching, as
an old garment (ace), hut, etc.; patch up,
make the best out of a bad case, as an
advocate urging all manner of specious
excuses, etc., for his client, or a man for
his friend at a Native trial — ciciyela.

Cebeza or Cebecebeza, v. = cebedisa.

i(li)-Cebo, n. Plan, device, stratagem, for
doing anything (cp. i(li)-Stt, i(Il)-Songo-
zo)\ plur. ama-Cebo, fabrications,

w*.

r CMh-v

-S&l i

CE

deceits, deceptive tricks, plans to de-
ceive or mislead, lies.

Ex. umuntu onamacebo, a deceitful, false
person, in talk or dealings.

i(li)-Cece, v. Anything 'dear' to one's
heart, as a prized article, or one's 'darling'
or sweetheart (— i(li)-Lece, i(ll)-Gugu) ;
a meeting together of sweethearts, as
in the bush or home of the young-man,
where beer is generally provided ; beer
surreptitiously prepared or carried by
a girl to the meeting-place with her
sweetheart and his companions, ge-
nerally in some secluded spot away from
the parental kraal, also as refreshment
for him when attending some wedding-
dance (cp. um-Njonjo) ; (N.) wedding
or wedding-dance (= nm-Gcagco, wn-
Sindo).

Ex. bas'ececem', they are at the lover's-
party (whether in a hut or away in the
bush).

isi-Cecelegwana, n. = isi-Xexelegwana.
u(lu)-Cecevana, n. Small, thin, light sheet,

or slice, as of paper, bread, or tin =

u(ltt)- Cwecwana.

u(lu)-Cecevu, n. Large thin, light sheet,
as of zinc, tin, or brown-paper = u(lu)-
Cwecwe.

Cecezela, v. Show affection or loving
attention towards a person (ace. with
el a form), as a girl when welcoming a
dear friend in her home.

Cefeza (Chefeza), v. Squash, crush, any-
thing soft, like a boiled pea (ace.) be-
tween the fingers, soft grains on an un-
ripe mealie-cob when rubbing off the
grains in shelling, or as young bees
eaten in a honey-comb.

i(li), or more gen. ama-Cefeza (Chefeza), n.

Anything of a soft, readily 'squashable'

nature, as above.
isi-Cegu (Cheyu), n. — isi-Nqawana.

Ceka (s. k.), v. Cut off prematurely, i. e. cut
firewood while still green and leaving
it in the bush for future use ; cut down
or harvest grain-crops before ripe, as in
order to save from the locusts ; destroy
growing crops, as an invading army ;
slaughter away .everything, without
regard to age, sex, etc., as a blood-
thirsty invader or chief (oft. in reduplic.
form ceka ceka).

Phr. uklffa LucL'ka ifumuka nesitshodu,
death finishes off' the new beer and the
stale = old and young alike.

irikosi ieeke ikaba, the chief has cut down
the young green crops, i.e. has put to death
the young people.

71 CE

i(li)-Ceke (s. k.), //. Hat, open country

(treeless or with trees) = elama-Ceke, ^

i(U)-Denge. Cp. i(li)-Gcek<>.
isi-Ceke fs. k.), n. = isi-Cete.
um-Cekeceke (Chekechekc), n. 5. An ibuto

of girls formed by Shaka after the

i-nTshuku.

Cekefula (s. k.), v. Repeat continually the
one thing, as a person going over
a piece of work (ace.) several times in
order to make it perfect (not doing it
once and having done), a woman persis-
tently reiterating an old grievance, or a
man constantly repeating the same old
story or joke.

um-Cekelele (Chekelele), n. 5. Stick or
sticks bound on to the outside frame-
work of a hut when building for stand-
ing or mounting on. See isi-Baxa.

um-Cekezo (s. k.), n. 5. (C.N.) — ama-Tele.

um-Ceko (s. k.), n. 5. Firewood cut green
and left to dry in the bush ; nice, pretty,
'fresh-looking' young-person, male or
female (= i-mBali).

i-nCeku (s.k.),n. Certain official in a chief's
kraal, whose duty it is to look after
the food ; butler, steward. Cp. i-nDuna.

ubu-nCeku (s. k.), n. Position of, office
discharged by, the above.

Cekula (s. k.), v. Make thin, do thinly, as
wdien making pottery (ace.) and laying
on very little clay (ace), or a basket
when stuffing into the body too little
grass, or a hut when covering it with
only a slight thatch. Cp. lambisa.

Cela, v. Ask for a thing (ace.) of any
person (with ku), beg, request; nearly
reach to, as to any place (with loc); be
very nearly as big as, as tall as, as
many as, as one child with another
(with ku), or one person's cattle with
those of another.

Ex. wacela incwadi enkosini, lie requested
a letter of the chief, or he asked the chief
for a letter.

ixwe lika'Dinuxulu lacela emRlatiue, Di-
nuznlu's territory very nearly reached to the
Unihlatuze.

ihlosa licela edondini, the ihlosa variety
of imfe is very nearly as tall as the idowh
variety.

P. soyicefivutiwe, we shall ask for it ithe
inyama) when it is cooked, i.e. we'll Dot
talk about it in the present state, we'll con-
sider it when it has come to a head.
Cela (Chela), v. Sprinkle, as snuff (ace.)
or a plant, with water (with nga), or an
army or kraal with medicinal charms;
carry or spread reports or tales (ace.)
all a'bout the country.

CE

isi-Celankobe (s. k.), n. Certain tree, grow-
ing in the bush-veldt; certain small bird
with long bill; bead fringe hanging from
tlic hair over the forehead; evening-
star, Venus (cp. i(li)-Kwezi).

Cele, adv. = ntlanye.

i(li)-Cele, ,i. i(li)-Cala.

at the side of the

Ex. ecelt <>i kwomgwaqo, .
road.

i-nCele, //. Loose flesh at the hinder part
of the upper-leg just below the buttocks.
Cp. i(li)-Tsweba; i-nQulu.

Ex. angacuta na'ncele, I didn't move, not-
even my thigh-flesh, i. e. I wasn't in the
least afraid = angatidumela na'ncele.

ttku-lilala ngencele, to recline on one's side
= uku-hlala »;/ei>qttl>t.

uku-lala ngencele, to lie almost down, rest-
ing on the thigh — the 'court' manner
of approaching the Zulu king, creeping along
in this position towards him.

i-nCelebana, n. A favourite, as with one's
chief or father; (N) navel-cord, of a
new-born infant (= i-nGalati; i-nKaba;
cp. um-Zanyana).

isi-Celegu (Chelegu), n. Small bird with
white spots (C. N.). Cp. isi-Nqawana.

isi-Celegwana (Ghelegwana), n. Small
brown bird with wliite tail (C. N.).

Celekeshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
ngcelekeshe.

isi, or um-Celekeshe (s.k.),n.o. Certain
bird frequented new grass f= um-Ngce-
lu); love-charm manufactured by young-
men from same.

u-Celemba (Celembha), n. Native chopping-
knife; hence, cane-knife, bush-knife; long
flowing beard, of about six inches, such
as are common among the Dutch (cp.
i-nTshebe).

isi-Celu, ft. Sunshine, or place whereon
the sun shines (as distinct from shade)
= isi-Gcaki, isi-Tangamu.

Ex. asihlalt esieelwini, let us >it in the
-mi or sunshine.

u(lu)-Celu, n. Broad, shallow i(li)-Qoma.
Cp. i-itCcengce.

i-nCema, ». Long rush, growing in swamps
about the coast, and making the best
kind of sleeping-mats; long waving
beard (= UrCelemba). See i-nKeta.

isi-Ceme (Cheme), n. Line of persons
(whether only three or four, or very
many) standing together and facing the
me way (not one behind the other =
i(li)-Hele; u(lu)-Qitolo) ; inuzzleormouth-
band for <'alv<-s, armed with a row of
thorns to prevent their sucking the cow
(cp. UirMfonyo).

72 CE

Ceme ceme, ukuti (Cheme cheme, ukuthi),

v. — ukuti nekende.
Cemezeka (Chemezeka), v. = nekendeka.

i(li)-Cena, n. Small kind of aloe (Aloe sa-
ponaria), whose leaves are used for
raising the hair on hides. Cp. am-Hlaba.

isi-Cenene (Chenene),n. Involuntary drib-
bling out or passing of urine, as from
enuresis.

Cengebezela, v. = ncengelezela.

i-nCengela or Cengelana, n. Protuberance
at the lower part of the occipital bone
at the back of the head = u-Mantshasa;
cp. isi-Pmidu.

isi-Cengeza, n. Beast with horns broadly
spread out basin-fashion.

um, or u(lu)-Cengezi,w. o. Broad, shallow,
flat-bottomed earthen basin or bowl, for
washing the hands in (cp. um-Qengele);
horns of an ox when spread broadly
out and round like a basin; such ox
itself.

Centa (s. t.), v. Clear the grass off the top
of the ground by chopping it off with a
hoe, as when clearing a space (ace.) of
weeds (ace.) ; scrape, as a medicinal root.

i(li)-Cenyane (Chenyane), n. An ibuto of
girls formed by Dingane and following-
next after the i-nTlabati.

isi-Cepu (Cephu), n. Small sitting-mat.
Cp. isi-Tebe.

isi-Cete (Cethe), n. Contents of a vessel
when just covering the bottom, or any-
thing up to a small quarter full — isi-
Ceke. Cp. isi-Kope; isi-Qentu.

Cete cete, ukuti (Cethe cethe, ukuthi), v. =
ceteza.

Ceteza (Cetheza), v. Gossip lies, false
tales, etc.

Cetula (Cethula), v. = ctvetula.

i(li)-Cevucevana, n. Persistent gossip, one
who can't restrain the tongue.

Cevuza, v. Talk away, or gossip, inces-
santly or without restraint.

Ceza, v. Chip or strike off, as a piece
(ace.) from a stone or log of wood; fly
off, get struck or chipped off, as such
a piece from the block (= cezuka); go off
away from a place (loc), as a person
crossing the veldt from the high-road
(= cezuka); make go off at a tangent,
take off or away, as a bye-path might
a person (ace.) when leading him out of
his course.

Ex. ngaceza kiva'fidabamH, I went off
away (out of niy course) at Xdabambi's
kraal.

kucezile kwa' Ndabambi, it is off away (out
of my coursei, is Xdabambi's kraal.

CE

indhlela ycmgicexa emLalaxi, the path
led me away (from the main-road) at the
Umlalazi.

Ceze, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ceza; dodge
about, fly sharply off away, as a child
dodging another,' or behind anything
(with nga); dodge aside, dodge away,
as from a missile flung at one = cezeza,
ukuti pelu.

Cezeza or Cezezela, v. = ukuti ceze.

Cezu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — cezuka; cezula.

u(lu)-Cezu, n. Bit, chip, fragment, broken,
knocked, or cut off from the block, as
f a chip of wood or stone ; hence, piece,
portion (generally) of any solid, as a
crust of bread broken from a loaf, a
slice of meat cut off from the lump;
sometimes used for 'wedge' (from wood-
chips gen. being of this shape).

Phr. uku-faka 'luceui, to insert or intro-
duce edgewise, sideways, as one might a
door (ace.) or bedstead through a narrow
entrance.

ama-Cezucezu (Chezuchezu), n. Place where
many roads or side-paths branch off.

Cezuka (s. k.), v. Get broken, knocked, or
cut off from the block, as a chip of wood
or stone = qezuka. Cp. hlezuka; hle-
puka; qepuka.

Cezuka (Chezuka), v. Turn off, go off and
away, as a bye-path from a main-road,
or as a person going off by such a path
out of his course = qhezuka.

Cezu la, v. Break, strike, or cut off from
the block, as a chip (ace.) from a log or
stone, or a crust from a loaf of bread
= ceza, qezula. Cp. hlezula; hlepula;
qepula.

Cezula (Chezula), v. Make turn or go off
or away, as above — see chezuka.

Ci, ukuti {Chi, ukuthi — gen. with pro-
longation of the vowel), v. Be soaking
wet, running with water, as a wet gar-
ment or green firewood.

Ex. ixulu liloku life ci, the heavens are
continuously running with water, i. e. it keeps
on raining.

Ci, ukuti (Chi, ukuthi), v. Do, or get done,
in a 'scattered' manner, about in all di-
rections, on all sides == ukuti mibi,
ukuti hlangu hlangu, ukuti citi.

Ex. babalrku, bati ci, they ran off in all
directions.

wahlakanipa, wati ci, he was clever ;ill
round, in every way, outright.
i(li)Ci (Chi), n. That part of a kraal be-
tween the outer fence and the inner
cattle-fold surrounding any particular
hut and considered private to that hut;

73 CI

combination formed against a person
for excluding him from their company,
etc. (= u(lu)-Tilciti); any concerted plan
mutually arranged among a number <>!'
people.

Ex. utata ixinkuni, akusilo ici lakirumi,
t/ini, lap//' you are taking firewood, is it
not my private part of the kraal here?

Phr. uku-m-alcela (umuntu) ici, to form
a concert against a person, as a number of
children associating against another, excluding
him from their society, etc.

isi-Ci, u. Thing, in a general, abstract
sense, as perceived by the mind; hence,
that which happens, causes, exists, etc.;
event; matter; peculiarity, particular
mark, seen by the mind. Cp. um-Hlola;
isi- Yiko.

Ex. isici sini? what is it'.' what is the
matter (gen. something serious)?

kitya ngesici esitile, there is some parti-
cular thing which causes it.

kako'm/tntti/ ongena'sici, there is no man
that hasn't something (peculiar or defective
about him).

Ciba, v. Fling an assegai (ace.) holding it
poised by the middle (cp. jijimeza) ; take
a long drink, going deep dowrn into the
pot, as of beer (ace.) - - see um-Cibo.

i-nCiba, n. (C.N.) = um-Ncwado.

Cibalala, v. Fly along 'like a shot', as one
running from some danger, or even
walking along at a tremendous pace =
subata.

CVbi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = cibiza.

u-Cibi (Chibi), n. Immense multitude, as
of people or cattle on one spot = u-Bi-
ntsi. Cp. u(lu)-Bindi.

i(li)-Cibi (Chibi), n. Pond, considerable
accumulation of standing water on the
veldt (= i(li)-Damu) ; also sometimes
used for isi-Cibi.

isi-Cibi (Chibi), n. Puddle, small pool of
water, as on a roadway after rain, or at
the bottom of a cooking-pot; a cut piece
of dressed hide, of which a number
sewn together form a woman's iai-dwa-
ba; hence gen., piece or patch, of cloth,
etc. (= isi-Ziba); penis-covering made
of soft skin, worn by men in Zululand
up to Dingane's time (cp. um-Ncwado).
Ex. angibanga ngisafvnyanisa na'sicibi
enkotsheni; tishile, I didn't just find even
a drop of water in the mealies ; they are
burnt.

Cibikeza (s.k.),v. = cifiza.
isi-Cibilili, n. Brownish bird, with red
beak, living in the woods.

*

CI 74

um-Cibilindi, //. 5. Any nauseatingly in-
sipid, thiekish liquid, as stagnant veldt-
water, 'dish-water' tea, warm stale hoer.
Cp. i-Ncikinciki; i^Ncibineibi.

Cibishela, v. Shoot an arrow <('. X.).

um-Cibishelo, />. 5. (C.N.) = tnu-( Hbisholo.

Cibishi, int. Cry uttered when a thrown
stick has struck the mark (C.N.)-

isi-Cibishi, n. Practice by boys of throw-
ing sticks at another stuck up in the
-round (C.N.).

um-Cibisholo, it. 5. Arrow. Cp. u(lu)-Gwi-
bisholo. [Ak. Mon. scba, bow].

Cibiza, v. cifiza.

i(li)-Cibiza, n. Slush, or soft semi-liquid
filth of any kind, as soft vegetable matter
covering a river-stone, a lump of por-
ridge or cowdung on a floor.

i(li)-Cibo, ». Certain tree, growing in the
bush-country.

um-Cibo, n. 5. Long drink, as of beer,
going down 'deeply' into the pot. See
ciba.

Ex. tmomcibo, he is a long-drinker the
will finish it half off at a drink).

Cica (Chicha), v. Let ooze tricklingly out,
let run out in an oozing trickling fashion,
as a cracked vessel the liquid (ace.) it
contains, or an ulcer matter; ooze trick-
lingly out, run out in an oozing, trick-
ling fashion, as the water from a cracked
vessel, or matter from an ulcer, =
cuea; cp. cinineka; vuza. [Her. ziza,
leak].

i(li)-Cici, //. Ring worn in the ear, ear-ring
(X. t'r. Xo).

Cicibala, v. Come down upon a thing (ace.)
overpoweringly, as when dealing an
animal a vehement death-dealing blow,
<>] a man ravishing a girl.

Cicima (Chichima), v. Flow over, as water
at the top of a pot in which it is boiling,
or over the banks of a river = pujm-
ma, hlihlima [Ga. bimba, boil over].

Ciciyela, v. = cebengela.

Ciciza, v. = cucuza.

Cicizela, v. Look with eyes watering or
running, as one whose eyes are diseased
and cannot bear the light, or when over-
powered by smoke.

i(li)-Cide (Chide), n. One-eyed person or
animal, i.e. with only one eye-ball (not
properly when both eye-balls remain,
though one is blind). Cp. i(li)-Tobana.

Cifi, ukuti (Chifi, ukuthi), />. = cifiza, ukuti
cibi.

Cifika (Chifika), v.

below cifizeka

Gel so squashed, as

CI

Cifikeza (Chifikeza), i\ = cifiza.

Cifiza (Chifiza), v. Squash anything of a
slushy, pulpy nature, or that can be
crushed to pulp, as when treading on a
lump of porridge (ace), a worm, or
(metaphor.) when dealing a man (ace.)
a blow that will knock his head to pulp
= cibiza, cibikeza, cifikeza, .cifiza, fi-
hliza. Cp. sicila.

isi -Cifiza (Chifiza), n. Flat, broad nose, as
though squashed (more commonly isi-
Gcifiza) — isi-Gcimiza. Cp. isi-Habuza.

Cija, v. Point, sharpen at the end, as a
stake (ace.) or pencil; be pointed, have
a sharpened end, as a stake or pencil
(used in perf.); sharpen, make keen a
person (ace.) by inciting words, as when
urging him on to fight, etc. [Skr. co,
sharpen; Sw. ncha, point; Ga. ogi, sharp;
kv-ja, to sharpen].

um-Cijo, n. 5. = u(hi)-Kandetnpemvu.

u(lu)-Cijo, n. Any stick, stake, iron, etc.,
sharply pointed at the end. Cp. u(ht)-
Bango.

um-Cijwane, n. 5. Card of the 'diamond'
suit in playing-cards (Mod.). Cp. u-Ma-
qebeni.

C'kacika (s.k.), v. Do with much vigorous
effort, spirited movement, intensity of
action, as when stabbing a beast (ace.)
then stirring the assegai vigorously
about internally, or a dog angrily tear-
ing about with the mouth some small
animal, or a man wrestling with some
difficulty or sickness that bids to get
the better of him, or a woman 'pitching
into another properly ' with abuse.

Cikacika (Ch'ikachika), v. = cikacika above.

Cikaza (s. k.), v. = cikacika.

Cikazisa (s. k.), v. Cause one (ace.) to
wrestle away at some difficulty that
threatens to overcome him, as by ob-
structing him, confusing him, etc.

Ciki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Be filled comple-
tely, to the brim, as a bucket with water,
or the water itself (= ukuti gewa, swi,
nqata); be fully rigged out, as a Native
dressed up in all his trappings.

Cikica (s. k.), v. Rub the eye or ear (ace),
as a child when rising from sleep, or
when something is tingling in the ear.

u-Cikicane (s.k.),n. Little finger (cp. isi-
Titpa; umu-Nive); smallest toe (cp. u-Qu-
kirfu; i(li)-Zwant) [At. cigidi, small].

N.B. A common game with Native chil-
dren is to count the fingers of both hands,
calling each finger, beginning with the little
finger of the left hand, by its proper name,
thus: I. uCikieane lo; 2. owawodki lo;

CI 75

;{. QwawoZigwe lo; l. uZigwemagwegtee l.<>: I
5. uOwegwe anqumn h; • >. nMutcane lo;
7. owaicoNtamo-usomayidi lo ; 8. uGidamnsi
lo; 9. oicakwa' Maqatiitela l<>: l". uSoxidi-
njane la.

i(li)-Cikidwane f.v. /-J, //. = i(li)-Cukudwane.

i-nCi'kinciki (s.k.),v. see i-Ntikhiciki.

Cikoza (s.k.),v. Work the head backwards

and forwards from the neck, as a duck
does when walking, a young-man when
dancing affectatiously, a man when cros-
sing a full river witli a jerking move-
ment, or when riding on a horse = gi-
ntshoza, jingoza.

Cilikisha (s. k.), r. Ho very nicely, finely,
dexterously, any work (ace.), as a mat,
beadwork, etc. (= nomfiya, cola); also
= cikacika.

Cilikisha (Chilikisha), v. = cilikisha above.

u(lu)-Cilikishane (Chilikishane), ». Any
nicely-done little piece of work, as a nice
little' hut, neatly made mat, etc

Cilikishi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
tiki.

i(li), more gen. ama-Cilikwane, n. Crafty,
fabricated talk intended to deceive.

Ex. adimde angibumbele amacilikwane, he
just concocts for me deceptive stories.

Cilileka (Chilileka), v. = tipaieka.

Ciliza (Chiliza), >'. Motion away, as a per-
son (ace.) with the hand; push slightly
out of the way with the foot or back of
the hand. Cp. kapeza; sunduza.

u-CTIo (Ciilo), n. Very small bird, said to
be difficult to hit with a stick, it gene

rally managing to

get

through

clear

with the grasshopper still in its mouth.
Hence the following proverbs:—

P. ucilo walahla intetr, the ucilo has let
go the grasshopper = it's done for this
time, is dead — said e.n. when one breaks
a pot to pieces.

ucilo kafi ixidubuli, the ucilo doesn't die
(if his bruises = don't mind hard knocks,
persevere in spite of them.

ucilo uyUahlile ivUete ku'Bani, the ucilo
has let go the grasshopper with So-and-so ==
it's all up with him, he's done for, /. e. is
dead.

i(li)-Cilo (Chilo), n. Any action or thing
disgusting to nature, filthy, obscene, to
be ashamed of = ama-Nyala.

um-Cilo (Chilo), n. 5. Rope or cord made
of twisted hide and used for various
purposes, as the long ropes of twisted
calf-skin worn hanging over the shoul-
ders as an ornament by men (= iiMa-
bani, i-nTsonto), or the cord of a wo-
man's isidwaba bv which it is bound

CI

round the loins (cp. t/(/N)-(jofo); hence
(N) bullock-reim ( i-nTambo); hori-
zontal wrinkle i»n one's forehead ( mn-
Qwebu. Cp. i-iiTlottze).

u(lu)-Cilo (Chilo), o. Border, edge of any-
thing (not brim u(lu)-Ndi), ;is of a
mat, cloth, book, etc.

i(li)-Cilongo, >t. Native trumpet, made of
a long reed with a horn affixed to the
end; hence, trumpet of Europeans. Cp.
u(lu)- Veve.

Cima, v. Put out, extinguish, as a candle
(ace.) or fire; go out, get extinguished,
as the candle or fire itself; shut the
eyes (with amehlo) to anything (meta-
phorically ace. with eld form), so as
not to notice it (not to actually close
the eyes = timeza); be in articulo
mortis, dying, passing away, as a dying
person (= cimeka) = tisha, kwisha
[Ang.jima; MZT. Nyam. Sw. Wo.ziwa;
Her. zerna; Ga. zikizn].

i(li)-Cimamlilo, //. Small veldt-plant (Pen-
tanisia variabilis), having an umbel of
blue flowerlets resembling 'Forget-me-
not' = i(li)-Cishamlilo.

N.B. The roots are boiled tor swollen
stomach, retarded after-birth, etc.

i(li)-Cimbi (Cimbhi), n. Large hairless
caterpillar, of which there are several
varieties, all eaten by Native children,
and being the larvae of several kinds
of moths, according to the tree (e. g.
unm-Nga, um-Ganu, etc.) upon which
they are found. See isi-Gwe [Her. oka-
rombo and omu-ngu, two species of
caterpillar, latter edible].

i-nCimbi (Cimbhi), n. Any uncooked, raw-
eaten, watery dish, as a mess of poko
or nyawoti; kind of meadow-grass, hav-
ing long stalks surmounted by a tuft
of white spikes.

um-Cimbi (Cimbhi), n. 5. Mark or track
formed by a drop of rain running down
a window, or of sweat or tears trickling
down the cheeks.

um-Cimbitwa (Cimbhithwa), n. 5. Large
green, brown-striped grass-locust, some-
times eaten.

Crme, ukuti (ukuthi), t>. Go out, as a
candle (referring to the moment of be-
coming extinguished); put out, as the
candle (ace); close the eyes (ace. — refer-
ring to the moment of excluding the
light from them). See cima; cimeka ;
timeza.

i(li)-Cime, n. = i(li)-Cishe.

Cimeka (s. k.), v. Get just extinguished, as
above; be getting extinguished i.e. be

CI 76

in the last flickering stage of life, be
dying, passing away (= cima).

Cimela, v. Put out, or go out for — see
cima; be gone out for, as below; (N)
beg money, etc., from one's friends, as
a girl, previous to getting married.

Ex. imbixa is'icimele, the pot is gone out
lor (by the fire) i.e. the fire beneath it has
gone out = is'iy'enyele.

Cimelela, c. Fade away, die gradually
away, as a cloud before the sun-heat, or
as a child fading slowly away from
some wasting disease.

Cimeza, v. Shut the eyes, whether in sleep
or purposely, in order not to see a
thing.

Phr sesix<ikuhamba sicimexUe, we shall
now go with our eyes shut, *. e. with easy
minds, without further fear, anxiety, thought
of fatigue, etc.

CVmi, ukuti (Cfiimi, ukuthi), v. = cimiza.

isi-Cimicimi (Chimichimi), n. = isi-Dumu-
dumu.

Cimiza (Chimiza), v. Squash anything of
a soft pulpy nature or that can be
crushed to a pulp, as a worm (ace), or
lump of porridge on the floor, or (met-
aphor.) a man's head with a smashing
blow (= cifiza); eat anything of a
'squashing' nature, as a piece j of fat
meat (ace), immature bees in a honey-
comb, etc. (== cafaza).

ama-Cimiza (Chimiza), n. = ama-Cafazi.

isi-Cimiza (Chimiza), n. = Isi-Gifiza (more

gen. isi-Gcimiza).
u(lu)-Cimo (pi. i-nGcimoJ, n. Certain kind

of bi-valvular sea-shell. Cp. i-nKumba.

Cina, o. Stop up, as a hole (ace.) or gap
in a wall or window; stopper, put a
stopper into, plug, as a calabash (ace.)
or bottle = vimba [akin to gci?ia; qina;
cindezela; and Xo. xina, press against].

urn -Cina, n. 5. An um-Tshumo not yet
cleared of the pith, still 'stopped up.'

Cinana, v. Be confined for room through
being too closely packed or placed, as
mealie-plants in a field, or sleepers in
a hut; be stopped or stuffed up, as the
nostrils of a person wiith a cold, or a
drain-pipe with dirt (used in perf.) =
ri ni buna; ininyana.

Cinanisela, v. Constrain oneself, urge one-
self along by force, as to do anything
unpleasant, like drinking medicine, or
distasteful, disagreeable work; restrain
oneself, as from breathing when under
the water = cinelela.

Cindezela, v. Press, in any way (actually
<u- figuratively); hence squeeze, as the

CI

finger (ace.) in a door; exert pressure
upon, press down, as a lever or electric-
button; compress anything, as into a
box; force, constrain, as a person to do
something; constrain oneself (without
zi), as to eat (= cinanisela); oppress, as
subjects by tyrannous laws; (Mod.) print,
as a book = ficezela. Cp. sicila [Sw.
shindilia, press ; Bo. sindilia — see cina].

Cinelela, v. = cinanisela.

Cinga, v. Look for, search for with the
eyes, as anything (ace.) lost. Cp. funa
[Ga. nonga, look for — for change of
Ga. n into Z. c. see also cosha\.

um-Cingo, n. (C.N.) — see um-Ngcingo.
u(lu)-Cingo, n. Wire, as of a fence, tele-
graph, etc; hence, telegram [fr. Xo.].

Cinineka (Chinineka), v. Ooze out, exude,
so as to form tiny drops externally, as
beer through the sides of a beer-basket
(isi-Cumu), or matter from a sore; ooze,
as the beer-basket itself, = cuca. Cp.
cica; vononeka.

i-nCinini, n. Kind of rush or marsh-grass,
used for making izi-Tebe.

isi-Cinini (Chinini), n. Kind of u-Ngoso.

Cintsa (Chintsa), v. Spirt out by a for-
cible blowing from the mouth, as an
elephant or whale does water (ace.) or
a chief the mouthful of u-selwa squash
at the utn-Kosi (not to squirt through
the teeth = tsaka; nor yet through the
closed lips = kifa); spirt out at or upon
anything (ace).

Phr. uku-cints'uselwa, to spirt out the
uselwa (kind of gourd) — this formed one
of the ceremonies at the um-Kosi or annual
harvest-festival, when the chief spirted out
a mixture of the new year's fruits, includ-
ing the uselwa, in different directions over
his supposed enemies. See ukw-eshwama,

Cipateka (Chiphatheka); v. Be stuck up,
haughty, regarding others with disdain
= cilileka, zi-gqaja, cipilika.

Cipi, ukuti (Chiphi, ukuthi), v. = cipiza;

cipizeka.
Cipilika (Chiphilika), v. = cipateka.

Cipiza (Chiphiza), v. Shed tears slightly,
let fall a few drops.

Cipizeka (Chijyhizeka), v. Get shed slightly,
drip, as tears above.

Cisha, v. = cima.

Phr. lixe lishone, bemeisha nyamanxi, till
the sun went down they have been extin-
guishiug him (with water), i. e. all day long
have been awaiting his becoming extinct, or
passing away.

i(li)-Cishamlilo, n. = i(li)-Cimamlilo.

CI

77

CO

\

/

Cishe, Cisho, or Cishu, defect, aiiz. verb.
- expressing 'almost, nearly, on the point
of, etc.' = pose.
Ex. ngacishe ngafa, I nearly died.
ngambona ecish'ukuwa, I saw him almost
(or on the point of) falling.

i(li)-Cishe, n. State of being without light
or fire (um-Lilo), whether for lighting
or warming purposes (mostly used by
women, and only as below).

Fx. kukona icishe endhlini, there is dark-
ness i. e. no light, in the hut.

sengihlaP ecisheni, I am now sitting (or
living) without light or fire — often said
by a man who has lost his wife.

Ci'shi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti time.

um-Cishu, n. 5. = um-Vemve.

ama-C ishucishu, n. Only as below.

Ex. nloku ebikwa amac ishucishu, he is
always being reported as very nearly, very
nearly (as one long on the point of death,
yet never dying).

i-nCisili, n. Red edible flowers of the isi-
Kwa plant.

Phr. tiku-m-shaya (umuntu) ineisili, to
treat a person with open contempt, scarcely
regarding his presence.

Cita (Chitha), v. Scatter abroad in a
blameworthy manner; hence, waste,
throw away, as one's money (ace.) or
property; throw out or away, as water
from a dish, or potatoes from a basket
(only of such things as can be scattered
abroad — not a single article == lahla,
ntshinga); spill, as any liquid; spoil,
render useless wantonly, destroy, as any
article; abolish, do away with, as any
obnoxious custom; cast out, expel, as
an undesirable servant; disperse, rout,
as an enemy.

Phr. ushaye wacita, he cleared, he was
off and away in no time.

isitsha esicitile, a spread-out vessel, i. e.
with the sides broadly extended outwards
from a small base (like a wash-basin; not
like the wash-jug = esibuyile).

Citakala (Chithakala), v. Be in a scattered
abroad i. e. ruined, destroyed, wasted
condition (used in pert'.).

CTte, ukuti (Cliithe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti citi.

Citeka (Chitheka), v. Be or get scattered
abroad i. e. wasted, thrown out, spilled,
destroyed, dispersed, etc., as above (used
in perf.) — see cita.

CVti, ukuti (Chithi, ukuthi), v. Scatter any-
thing (ace.) abroad in every direction,
as grain ; waste, squander, scatter to the
winds, as a prodigal person his money

(ace.) or property (cp. hlapaza) = citiza;
get or become scattered in all directions,
as people or cattle dispersing — citizeka.
Cp. ukuti ci.

uhlakanipile nle citi, he is in all respects
clever, is downright smart.

u-Citi (Chithi), n. Children's game of
throwing up a lot of stones and letting
them fall scattered in all directions. Cp.
u-Bande.

i(li)-CYticiti (Chithichithi), n. A wasteful,
extravagant person, who gets through
all his possessions by prodigality =
i(li)-Hlanga.

Citisa (Chithisa), v. Make thoroughly smart
or sharp, as a growing child (ace.) by
teaching it, or a dog by administering
it an emetic of the poisonous i-nThingu-
nyembe bush.

um-Citiso (Chithiso), n. 5. Emetic given
a dog, as above.

Citiza (Chithiza), v. = ukuti citi.
i(li)-Ciwu, n. Small green non-poisonous
bush-snake, supposed to bring good luck.

Ciya (Chiya), v. Stay, support, by the
hand or a prop (with nga), anything
toppling over, as a wagon (ace.) or cup-
board. Cp. sekela; pasa.

i(li)-Ciye (Chiye), n. Certain veldt plant,
whose bulbous root produces a lather
used for cleansing shields, etc.

i(li)-Ciyo, n. = i(li)-Cwiyo.

Ciza (Chiza), v. Be soaking wet, as a gar-
ment just washed, or very green fire-
wood (= ukuti ci); be of a surly, dis-
agreeable temper, as an unsociable man.

isi-Ciza (Chiza), n. Person with a surly,
disagreeable, unsociable temper.

um-Ciza (Chiza), n. 5. Thing soaking-wet,
as a garment just washed or piece of
very green firewood; plur. im-Ciza, wet
firewood generally (whether from lying
in the rain or being still green).

Co (Cho), int. said by a mother to her
infant when it sneezes = so.

Co, ukuti (Cho, ukuthi), v. = cocoza; coba

(choba).
Co, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = cona, contsa.

Coba, v. Thoroughly enervate, render
languid, rob of strength, as a sultry day
(Hang a), dissipation, etc., does one's
body (ace.) ; mince, cut or chop up fine,
as meat or ubu-Bende.

Ex. Qanga namhia liyacoVamatambo, the

suu to-day takes all the strength out of one's
bones, makes one as though he could col-
lapse.

CO

Coba (Choba), v. Crack or kill lice (ace.)
between the nails. Cp. ntlantlata.

Kx. we' 'ma.' awungicobe intwala, I say!
mother! please kill nic (these) lice (ou my
head).

i(li)-Coba (Choba), ». Sandstone, of any
colour, used by the Natives, like pumice-
stone, for cleansing the feet = i(li)-Cwe-
ba. Cp. i(li)-Sisa.

si-Cobamhlaza (Chobanthlaza), it. Certain
tree, growing in the bush-country.

(li)-Cobantswani (Chobantswani), n. One
of the vanguard or foremost party, as
^\ an i in pi, or party going to a wedding
(= abacoba intswani, those who crack
up the dry scrub — marking a way for
the main body following); anyone given
to much travelling, 'grass-treading',
never being found at home; certain
goat given by the bridegroom's people
to the young-men of a bride's party on
their arrival on the eve of the wedding
and eaten by them at the isi-hlahla on
the wedding-morn.

Cobeka (s. k.), v. Be or get enervated, made
languid or weak of body, as above (see
coba - used in perf.) = fehleka, ukuti
'/>ca, ukuti lisa.

Cobela, v. Fill the smoking-horn (ace.)
with hemp (ace.) for smoking, or a pipe
with tobacco.

Ex. ni/icobelclc, 'mfana, fill the smokiug-
iiorn for me, my boy.

Cobo, ukuti (Chobo, ukuthi), v. = coboka;
coboza; cobozeku.

Cobocishi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do for tho-
roughly, kill outright, as a person (ace),
when slaying him with an assegai, or
by heavy blows from a stick (— cobo-
s'ha); be dead or killed outright (= co-
Ixtsheka).

Ex. us'ete cobocishi, he is already quite
• lead, has lite extinct.

Coboka (Choboka), v. Get smashed or
broken to pieces, as below -- see coboza.
= fohJoka.

i(li)-Coboka (Choboka), v. Any frail, deli-
cate thintr, easily smashed up; delicate,
sickly, unhealthy person easily knocked
up (= i(li)-Qandarlenyoni).

um-Coboka (Choboka), n. 5. Kind of reed,
ed lor making snuff-boxes, musical-
pipes, etc. = i(li)-Shani. Cp. i-nGqu-
Iwane.

um-Coboko (Choboko), n. 5. Scrofula,
showing itself gen. in glandular-swellings,
body-sores, <-\<\ um-Zimb' omubi.

Cobosha, v. = ukuti cobocishi.

Coboza (Choboza), v. Smash, break up,

78 CO

anything of a delicately brittle or frail
nature as an egg-shell (ace), calabash,
earthen-pot, match-box, etc.; go crashing
through dry undergrowth or bush =
tbhloza; pahlaza; fahlaza; dubuza.

Cobozeka (Chobozeka), v. = coboka.

um-Cobozo (Chobozo), n. 5. Beer fetched
by a bride from her mother's kraal
about two months after marriage ==
um-Shisanyongo. Cp. um-Bondo.

isi-Coco, n. Headring, of a Native man ; .
first child born of a man (cp. umu-Tsha).

Cocoba, v. = cocobala.

Cocobala (Chochobala), v. Be crisped or
baked externally by heat; hence, be
toasted, as bread or kidneys cooked on
a skewer after Native fashion ; be parched
or roasted, as a mealie-cob set near the
fire; be scorched, as a garment placed
too near the fire to dry (used in perf.).
Cp. hwamvka; hanguka.

Cocobalisa (Chochobalisa), v. Crisp, toast,
roast, scorch, anything (ace), as above,
Cp. hwamula; hangula.

Cocoma, v. Hop, as a frog; hop about, go
constantly from here to there, as a wo-
man hoeing first here then there in a
field, or a person constantly shifting his
place in a hut = g cog coma. Cp. qiqima.

Cocoza (Chochoza), v. Make a crackling
noise, as beetles eating at night, or meat
when roasting; be baking hot, as the
sun (== cocobalisa).

i-nCodoba, n. Person with broad upper
body but thin lower limbs = u(lu)~Tshu-
bungu, um-Cukutu.

Cofiya, v. Spit out, as a particle of food
(ace) remaining in the mouth after eat-
ing. Cp. kafula.

Cofo, ukuti (Chofo, ukuthi), v. — cofoza;
ukuti cosololo.

Cofoza (Chofoza), v. — cifiza.

i-nCohiba, n. Small veldt-shrub (Gompho-
carpus sp.) resembling the i(H)-Shongu>e,
whose milky leaves and carrot-like root
are poisonous and so used for poisoning
dogs, etc.

Coka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. — cokama;
cokaza; ukuti congco.

Cokama (s. k.), v. Stand or be perched up
on high, as a bird on a tree, or a man
on a house or hill-top (used in perf.);
be on tip-toes, whether standing erect
or crouching down (see ama-Zwayiba).

i(li)-Cokama (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Gcokama.

ama-Cokamo (s. k.), n. Tonga word for
'dew', occasionally used by women in
Zululand for hlonipa purposes, having
been introduced at the time the Zulus

CO 79

were raiding cattle in the northern dis-
tricts. See ama-Zolo.

Cokaza (s. k.), v. Go along with a spring- j
ing, light-footed gait, as though on
tip-toe.

Coko, ukuti (uhuthi; s.k.),v. = ukuti co-

kololo.
u(lu)-Coko (Cholco), n. Any very tiny thing,
y a mite, as a very small head, or seed;

(N) South-African leprosy (unknown in

Zululand - see i(li)-NdiM).

Cokololo, ukuti (ukuthi, s. k.), v. Be thor-
oughly at rest, happy, contented, having
all one's desire (used of the i-nTliziyo)
= ukuti cosololo, ukuti copo. Cp.
i(li)-Te.

Cokoloza (Chokoloza), /'. Poke, as a per-
son (ace.) with the point of one's finger,
or a dog with one's stick (=. hlokoloza) ;
urge on by poking (metaphor.), incite,
irritate, as a person (ace.) to anger or
any action (= ncukuza); take or poke
up on a stick, as a dead snake or filthy
cloth = ukuti coko lost, ukuti cupuluzi,
tokoloza, copoloza.

Cokolozi, ukuti (Chokolozi, ukuthi), v. =
cokoloza.

Cokosha (s. k.), v. = cakasha.

u(lu)-C6kucoku (s. k.), n. Any very delicate,
, frail thing, easily breaking, tearing, etc.,
f as a fragile vessel, thing hanging to-
gether by the last threads, thin leg of
a stilt-bird, or person of frail delicate
body.
Cola, v. Do anything well, nicely, finely,
as when grinding corn (ace. — i. e. grind
it fine), sewing a dress (do it neatly),
folding clothes (do it tidily = cilikisha) ;
do a girl (ace.) in good style, do her off
nicely, as her father by slaughtering for
her, according to good Native custom,
a beast at the time of her first menstru-
ation, of her going off to get married, or
on the loss of her child (she being ge-
nerally on such occasions, rendered
'fine' or purified, by sprinkling the gall
of such beast on her arms and legs).

Phr. coVinone! do it well and let it (the
beast) be fat! — used to express 'that's
right !' as might be said to a child that has
burnt itself after beiug cautioned not to
play with the fire.

ucolr abuye, he would do well to return
^S(i.e. we wish he would return).

ucole nokuba uxakuhamba, he would do
well if he were to go.

Cola, v. = buqa.

Cole, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti buqe.

Coleka (s. k.), v. Get done nicely or finely,

CO

as meal well ground, pottery smoothly
polished, cloth of fine soft make (used
in port'.).

Colisa v. = cola.

i(li)Colo (Cholo), v. Small copse or thickel
(C.N.) == i(li)-Hlozi.

isi-Colo (Cholo), n. Tuft or top-knot of
any description, as the crown of a hut,
high head-dress of a woman, or the
hairy protuberance on the head of a
hornless ox (C.N.). Cp. i-nTloko; is-
Adhla.

izi-Colo (nosing.), n. Acts of kind-hearted-
ness, such as shown towards a friend
or new arrival when conversing with
him or behaving towards him with
marked signs of friendship. Cp. cecezela.

Comba (Conibha), v. Mark a thing with
a spot or patch of another colour, as a
man might his trousers (ace.) with a
coloured patch, or a hut-wall with a spot
of colouring; put on such a mark, have
or wear such a mark, as the pair of
trousers above, or an ox with a white
star on the face (see um-Combo); smear
a thing gen. with colouring, as a child's
body with red ochre; begin to put on
white patches, as mealie-plants com-
mencing to dry.

Combi, ukuti (Gombhi, ukuthi), r. = co-
mbiza.

Combiza (Combhiza), v. Fall 'drop-wise'
so as to form a 'spot', as a drop of rain
falling from the roof on to the floor of
a hut, or the large drops of rain 'spot-
ting' here and there at the commence-
ment of a storm ; pour out a little drop,
as of water or semi-liquid stuff (ace).

i-nCombo (Combho — no plur.y, n. Species
of small white ant (different from the
umu-Wwa), making the ant-heap i-nGa-
nga, and used as bait by boys for catch-
ing birds; hence, small light-yellow bead
or beads; young amabele still yellow.

um-Combo (Combho), n. 5. Spot or patch
of colour upon any differently coloured
ground, as the star on the forehead of
a horse or ox, the bull's-eye of a target,
or a conspicuous patch on a pair of
trousers.

Cona, v. = contsa, ukuti n>.

isi-Conco (Chonco),n. Infusion, made by
pouring cold or lukewarm water upon
medicinal leaves, pounded roots, etc. Cp.
i-niBizn.

um-Condo, ». Thin, scraggy, calfless leg,

like that of a fowl, or some thin persons.
Cp. um-Sondo.

Phr. uMcondo kit 'Zimelela, Mr. Thin-legs,

/

CO

80

CO

son of Mr. Walk-with-sticks — said derisively
of a person with scraggy legs (C.N).
Condobezela, v. = congobezela.

Condoza, v. Walk in a light, perky manner,
as a fowl, person with thin light i. e.
calfless and fleshless legs, or as a young
man dressed up going along in a nice
'lady-like' manner on the fore-part of
t ho foot (= cokaza).

Congco, ukuti (uktithi), v. = ukuti coka,
cokoma. See i-nGcongco.

Congelela, /•. - qongelela.

Congobezela, v. Act with great carefulness,
as when making use of a vessel (ace.)
already cracked, when economising one's
small food supply in time of famine,
when being thrifty with one's money,
when taking care of one's sick body
during work, or when speaking or act-
ing cautiously where there is danger of
displeasing = condobezela, congolozela.

Congolozela, v. = congobezela.

Contsa (s. t.) v. Drop, drip, as a small
portion of any semi-liquid substance,
like aniasi — tontsa, totita, cona. [Sw.
tona, drop; Ga. tony a, rain; Her. tyo-
nona, drop].

i(li)-Contsi (s.t.),n. A drop, drip = i(li)-
Tontsi [Sw. tone; Ga. tondo; Her tyo-
nona, to drop].

Conzulula, v. = cazu.

Co pa (Chop ha), v. Scrape or rub the feet
or back with a piece of sandstone in
order to clean it. Cp. nqamula; rrerra.

C6po, ukuti (Chopho, uktithi), v. = ukuti
cokololo.

i(li)-Copo (Chopho), n. Flap or meeting-
part of the isidwaba where the two
sides come together and lie open below
the loin-string, or of a coat in front
below the lowest button.

isi-Copo (Chopho), n. Small fancy stick,
like an i-wisa with the top and under-
part of the knob scooped out, and used
by amadoda when dancing or walking
= u-Shingwana, isi-Shingo.

Phr. uku-pona isicopo, to make fine move-
ments with the stick when dancing.

ubu-Copo (Chopho), n. Brain (in the ma-
tt-rial, not abstract sense) [Chw. bu-koko;
Ga. bu-ongo].

X.li. The brain of a guinea-fowl or house-

fowl is not eaten by girls, lest they should

give birth to long, narrow-headed children

u(lu)-6edhla).

Copoloza (Copholoza), v. — cokoloza; also

== ukuti copolozi.

Copolozi, ukuti (Copholozi, ukuthi), v. Do
very slightly, as when taking out a very
small quantity of sugar (ace), etc., from
a sack (cp. zacula), or when doing a
little bit of hoeing; also = ukuti coko-
lozi.

isi-Copolozi (Copholozi), n. Small portion
of anything done or taken out, as a tiny
patch of hoed-land for planting vege-
tables = isi-Gcoyi.

i-nCosana, n. = i-nGcosana.

ubu-nCosana, n. — see ubu-nGcosana.

Cosha, v. Pick up, both in the sense of

,' taking up from the ground' and of
/'finding'. Cp. tola. [Sw. okota, pick

up; kuta, get by chance; Ga. nonja,

find].

Cosho, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sit or squat down
(referring to the moment of action),
whether as a man seating himself on
the ground, or a bird alighting on a
tree; sit down, stay, or rest just for a
moment, as a person making a passing
visit to a kraal when delivering a mes-
sage. Cp. ukuti qubasha.

i-nCosho, n. = i-nCoto.

Coshoza, v. 3= ukuti cosho.

i-nCosi, n. Smallish portion or quantity

of anything, as above — see i-nCosana.

Cp. ukuti cosu.

Cosololo, ukuti (uktithi), v. = ukuti coko-
lolo.

Cosu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = cosuka, cosula.

isi-C6sucosu, n. One easily irritated, quick-
ly getting into a pet.

Cosuka (s. k.), v. Get torn off or away
easily, as *below ; get quickly irritated,
taken off in a pet, as a peevish child;
expire or get taken off easily, as one
whose long dragging illness has already
taken all the life out of him ; get taken
out in a very small quantity from a
larger mass, as a handful of meal from
a sack (cp. ukuti copolozi) = hlosuka,
tosuka. Cp. nivebuka.

Cosula, v. Tear off or away easily any-
thing (ace.) softly yielding to the pull,
as when nipping off a small piece of
dry skin about a sore, or when pulling
from a tree a fresh switch already hang-
ing by the skinny bark, or a portion of
a string of worsted or wet blotting-
paper from another portion, or as a nail
might rip up a woollen coat; take out
a very small quantity, a tiny bit, from
any larger quantity, as a handful of
meal from a sack (cp. ukuti copolozi;
ukuti zacu) = hlosula, tosula, yosula.
Cp. nwebula.

CO 81

i-nCosuncosu, n. Anything that gets easily
torn apart, as worsted, rotten sacking,
etc.= i-nTosuntosu. Cp. i-nDhlubu-
ndhlubu.

Coto, ukuti (Cotho, ukuthi), v. = cotoza.

isi-Coto (Ghotho), n. Hail = isi-Nyquma,
isi- Wunguza.

i-nCoto (Cotho), n. Fire-lily, the outer-
skin of whose bulb is stripped up into
shreds to make izi-nJobo for a little
boy or an ear-ornament for a child just
pierced.

Cotomezela (Cothomezelu), v. (C.N.) =
cacamezela.

Cotoza (Cothoza), v. Do anything (ace.)
very slightly, whether in small quantity
or in gentle manner, as when hoeing a
little, beating a new floor just slightly
with the stone, giving a little snuff, etc.
Op. cakatisa.

Cotu, ukuti (Cothu, ukuthi), v. = cotuka;
cotula.

Cotuka (Cothuka), v. Get galled or scraped
off, as the skin from one's leg, or hair
from an i-Beshu = ukuti cotu.

Cotu la (Cothu la), v. Scrape off or gall,
as the skin (ace), hair from an i-Beshu,
etc., as above = ukuti cotu.

Coyacoya (Choyachoya), v. = nciyanci-
ya.

Coyiya, v. Be fastidious, over-nice, par-
ticular about trifles, as about little
particles of dust on one's coat, when
picking and chosing in selecting goods,
scrutinising the food served up to one;
pick off little bits of things, as little bits
of rubbish (ace.) from one's coat, little
bits of grains from a poor mealie-cob,
small particles of food from between
the teeth, etc. ; be unduly slow, dilly-dally,
taking excessive time over a mere no-
thing, as an over-scrupulous or phleg-
matic person at work.

i-nCozana, n. (C. N.) = i-nGcosana.

Cozulula, v. = caza.

Cu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be extended in a
long straight line, as a snake or man
lying stretched out, or a long train of
wagons or cattle, or any long straight
thing like a road or tree. Cp. ukuti cu-
bululu; cululeka; ukuti culukushu.

umu-Cu, n. 5. Single thread of anything,
such as are twisted together to form a
string or rope, or of fibre ; single string
or piece, as of fine wire; pinnule or
leaflet of any kind of palm-branch ; a
tiny bit of a thing, as a thin person, a
few goats, a little amabele.

Phr, akusele 'mucu ongaguliyo, there

CU

doesn't remain a morsel (of us) that is not
sick.

u(lu)-Cu, n. Single string, as of beads,
words, details of evidence, etc.

Phr. hico'mfana kona'kteu, that boy ha?
no manners, no breeding, no refinement of
nature or ways — may be said of one who
returns no thanks for anything received,
who is insolent to his parent, etc.

Cuba, v. Squash or break up the lumpy
ingredients in any mixture, as of flour
(ace.) when mixing it with water, or of
meal when cooking porridge.

i(li)-Cuba, n. Leaf, as of tree, or tobacco
= i(li)-Kasi (the word being gen. adop-
ted by women when hlonipamg this
latter word, it is now rarely used by
men).

Phr. wamfuxa, lcashiya na'euba, he re-
sembled him and didn't leave a single leaf,
i. e. resembled the old stock in very limb,
in all his features.

izinkuni xami baxitatik, kabashiya na'eu-
ba, they.have taken my firewood and haven't
left a leaf i. c a single scrap.

Cubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — cubuka; cubuza.

isi-Cubu, n. Lump of fresh or uncooked
meat (cp. isi-Boma); lobe of the ear,
where the hole is pierced (cp. i(li)-Gwa-
c/wa).

u(lu)-Cubu (Cubhu), n. = u(lu)-Qubhu.

ubu-Cubu, n. Chick^or chicks, of any bird
or fowl; small fry (applied jocularly to
children jbelow the age of about five
years, and contemptuously to an adult) ;
certain small bird, Ruddy Waxbill (La-
f/onosticta rubicata), commonly seen go-
ing in pairs = ubti-Cwibi.

Ex. Icangafitmauisa 'muntu, ubucubti bo-
dua, I didn't find a person (at home), only
little children.

Phr. uVuhamba nedu-a iije; kawaxi yvni
ukuti ubucubti buhamba nga'bubili nu? you
were just going alone; don't you know that
the waxbills (i.e. littleVchildren) go in pairs
(i. e. never alone) ?

Cubuka (s. k.), v. Get squashed up, crush-
ed, as anything of a soft pulpy nature,
like a worm beneath the feet, a soft pea
between one's fingers ; hence, get crush-
ed to atoms, as an earthen pot upon
which anything heavy might fall ; get
wiped out, crushed to nothing, rendered
absolutely desolate, as a land by war.
Cp. cuba [Her. ttikutura, crush].

Cubukala (s.k.), v. Get or be in the squash-
ed, crushed state, as above (used in
perf.).

Cubukeza (s. k.), v. — cubuza.

6

cu

Cubululu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Lie stretched-
out in a long, loosely hanging, lifeless
body on the ground, as a dead snake, or
man lying down at full length exhausted
(cp. nabalala)] be of a long, limply
hanging nature, as a snake or wet reim
= ukuti cu.

Ex. icajaba /rati cubululu (or cu), he was
abashed so as to become quite limp of body,
i. e. was thoroughly abashed.

uloku ete cubululu endhlini, he is all along
Bt retched lifelessly out in the hut — said of
a lazy, indolent person.

Cubuluza, v. Pass watery stools of di-
arrhoea (mostly used of infants). Cp.
cululeka; huda.

Cubungula, v. Keep fiddling about with
anything (ace.) in one's hands, dilly-dally
with anything, not quickly getting it off
one's hands, as when washing cups or
clothes, dawdling over a field, etc. Cp.
coyiya.

Cubuza, v. Squash or crush up anything
(ace), as above; crush or smash to
atoms anything, as above — see cubuka;
'break up' or 'break down' a person
(ace), get the better of him thoroughly
(in a good or a bad sense), as a young-
man conquering his girl or getting the
better of her rebuffs, or an unruly boy
getting the mastery over his parents;
break down a temporary estrangement
with a person (ace. or with ku), re-win
his favour, make it up with him, as a
son with his father with whom he has
fallen out.

Ex. uyipanje, ucubuxa-ni kayo? you just
make her a present, what is it you want to
break down or smoothen away with her ?

kade ecubuxa leuye, he has just been smooth-
ening things up, i. e. making it up with him.
Cubuzeka (s. k), v. = cubuka.

Cuca (Chucha), v. Make anything (ace.)
fall in holes, as below; also = cica.

Cuceka (Chucheka), v. Fall into holes or
shreds, as an old worn-out blanket (used
in perf.); fall to pieces, break out all
over in sores, as a person's body (=
camuka; cp. badhluka).

i(li)-Cucu, n. Thing all in shreds or tatters,
as the ear of a beast slit about as a
body-mark; ear, of a man, with an ab-
normally long lobe; plur. ama-Cucu,
shreds, tatters, as a garment torn or
wrorn-out with age.

izi-Cucu (nosing.), n. Shreds, tiny fibrous
particles, as fall from a worn-out blan-
ket (= ama-Cucu) ; meat all in strings,
ue to shreds, with excessive boiling
or decay ; small particles of meat collect-

82 CU

ed in the gravy at the bottom of the pot ;
hence, any sediment or dregs (= isi-
Bidi).

Cucuza, v. Make run or flow out, discharge
anything (ace.) of a thick flowing nature,
as the cow mucus from the vagina after
covering (cp. pungula) = ciciza.

u-Cucuza, n. = u-Qadolo, u-Gamfe.

isi-Cudulu, n. = isi-Bozi.

Cukalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. (C.N.) =
ukuti lotololo.

i(li)-Cukazi (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Xukazi.

i-nCuke (s. k.), n. Hyoena (= i-tnPisi);
also applied to any wild 'devouring'
beast of prey, as a leopard, etc.; a vor-
acious eater, gourmand — the word,
owing to its being generally adopted
by women for hlonipa purposes as a
substitute for imPisi, is now rarely
used by men. [At. okoko, hycena].

i(li)-Cuku (s. k.), n. Group or body of young

, people of about the same age, though
in a broader sense than the i-nTa-
nga (big boys or girls = i(li)-Cuku;
small boys or girls = i(li)-Cukwana),
such as are collected, or living together
in any kraal; any and all young persons
of a common age (used collectively =
i-nTanga.)

Ex. kako lapa, us'ecukwaneni, he is not
here; he is with the little children.

uZumbu noMaxwana baVucuku linye, Zu-
mbu and Mazwana are of the same group
(i.e. of about the same age).

um-Cuku (s.k.),n.5. (C.N.) = um-Xuku.
Cukuca (s. k), v. (C.N.) = xukuxa.
i(li)-Cukudu (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = i(li)-Cuku-
divane.

i(li)-Cukudwane (s.k.),n. Small veldt-plant
with pink flowerlets and a large bulbous
root, used as an enema for infants, in-
ternally for cattle, and, on account of
its lather, as a washing-soap, like i-mFe-
yesele, by the Natives = i(li)-Ciki-
dwane.

um-Cukutu (Cukuthu), n. 5. = i-nCodoba.

i-nCukwe (s.k.),n. = i-nCuke.

Cula (Chula), adv. = ggala,

Culukusha (s.k.),v. = ukuti culukushu.

Culukushu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k), v. Be per-
fectly straight, as a road, or post; lie
out in a long straight away, as a snake.

Cululeka (s. k.), v. Be in a long extended
train, as wagons or cattle (used in perf.) ;
go along straightly i. e. be quite straight,
as a road, snake, or a tree (used in
perf.) ; pour out watery stools in a long
incessant stream, as one suffering from

cu

diarrhoea (= huda; cp. cubuluza); do in
a lazy, indolent, loose-bodied manner,
as a lazy girl going lazily along when
sent out to work, or lying about in a
lazy fashion, or a person coming down
a hill in a leisurely, loose-bodied manner.
Cp. ukuti cu.
um-Cululeka (s.k.)n, 5. Any long, straight-
ly extended thing, as above; lazy, indo-
lent person.

Cuma (Chuma), v. Bear abundantly, as
... mealies in a fertile spot (used in perf.);
multiply or increase largely, abound, as
cattle with any person or in any locality
(used in perf.); be of a meek, mild, kind-
ly disposition (used in perf.) [Skr. tu,
multiply; MZT. vula, multiply; Her.
kuma, mount, as a bull].

Ex. xirncumile ixinkomo uMajiyana, cattle
have increased well with Majiyana.

■ucunywe ixinkomo, w'aliwa inxalo, he has
been increased for by cattle, but denied (by)
offspring.

lou'o'mfana ucunyws amashitmi amabili,
that boy is abounded for by, i. e. always
gets, twenty (shillings a month).

um-Cumane, n. 5. Certain forest-tree, grow-
ing along the coast.

Ctimba cumba, ukuti (Cumbha cumbha,
ukuthi), v. — cumbaza.

Cumbaza (Cumbhaza), v. Feel a thing (ace.)
with the fingers, press or poke repeat-
edly, as when curious to know what is
inside; toy with, play with a thing
(ace), as a nice little object, or as a
young-man with a girl; turn about in
the hands, finger, handle, as a child when
disdainfully turning about its food (ace.)
in the plate.

Cumbe, ukuti (Cumbhe, ukuthi), v. Prick
lightly, as with an assegai (C. N.)

Cumbeza (Cumbheza),v. — ukuti cumbe.

Cumbu, ukuti (Chumbhu, ukuthi), v. = cu-
mbusa.

Cumbulula (Cumbhulula), v. Turn over
something (ace.) disgusting, as a dead
dog (C. N.). Cp. petulula; cupuluza.

Cu mbusa (Chumbhusa), v. = cambusa.

isi-Cumi (Chuml), n. Meek, mild, kind-
natured person. See cuma.

isi-Cumu (Chumu), n. Large globular bas-
ket, with small mouth at top, used for
carrying beer.

isi-Cuntsa (Chuntsa), n. = isi-Cuse.

Ciinu ciinu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
ncunu ncunu.

Cunuka (s. k.), v. Get vexed, put out, of-
,^ *"fended, as below (used in perf. — see

/

83 CU

cunula); get disgusted, or tired, as with
an excess of very rich food, or with a
monotonous repetition of the same food
(follow, by agent) ; feel a thing (with
agent) tiresome, irksome, as work.

Cunukala (s. k.), v. Be in the vexed, of-
fended, tired out, state, as above.

Cunula, v. Vex, put out, offend a person
(ace.) by any word or action ; disgust,
or tire,' as very luscious food, or the
same food always; be tiresome, distaste-
ful, irksome, as work to a person
(ace). Cp. nenf/a; casula; fundekela;
tukutela.

Cunulula, v. = vumbulula.

Cunuza, v. = ncunuza.

Cupa (Cupha), v. Lay a trap or snare for
anything (ace), as a wild-beast or bird ;
place a sign so as to show if anything
has been touched, entered, etc.

Ex. cupa! look outl be careful! — used
as a threat, or warning.

Cupana (Cuphana), v. Be on the look out
to catch one another (with some bad in-
tention) ; threaten one another.

Cupanisana (Cuphanisana), v. = cupana.

Cupe, ukuti (Cup he, ukuthi), v. Do any-
thing very slightly, very nearly, scarce-
ly at all, just avoiding not being done,
as when hoeing a few moments in the
field, doing a few rubs with the
grinding-stone ; hold a thing (ace.) in
such a way as scarcely to be holding it
at all (as when catching it by the edge
or writh the tips of the fingers) ; set a
thing so that instead of standing it is
in constant danger of falling; get done
or happen by all but a mere shave, i. e.
narrowly escape being done ; stand ready
to act on the instant, as a gun to go off,
or a box to fall.

Ex. cupe ngalimala (or cishe ngalimala),
it was the merest shave and I had been in-
jured.

ngati ngipakati. kwati cape, ngamuka, and
when I was in the middle (of the stream),
it wanted just a little and I was gone (with
the current).

ngati ngipakati, kwati cupe' ungamuki,
and when I was in the middle, it was be
careful that yon don't go off, i. e. I had to
be very careful nut to go off.

mus'ukusiti cupe isitsha, you mustn't hold
the vessel as though you just wanted to let
it drop.

iwwe lake lite cupe ukufika cmlllatuxe (or
iicupcle ukufika), his laud very nearly reaches
to the Umhlatuze.
Cupela (Cuphela), v. = ukuti cupe. Cp.
nengela.

cu

Cupeza (Cuphe*a), v. = ukuti cupe.

Cupisa (Cvphisa), v. Warn, caution, put
on one's guard; threaten a person (ace).
Cp. songela; rwaya.

Cupuluza (Cuphuluza), v. Poke a thing
(ace.) with the finger or a stick; poke
or take up, or turn about, a thing (ace.)
with the point of a stick, as anything
disgusting which one dislikes touching
= ukuti cupuluzi; cokoloza; copolona.

Cupuluzi, ukuti (Ciiphuluzi, ukuthi), v. =
cupuluza.

isi-Cuse (Chuse), n. Any object set up, or
standing out conspicuously alone, as a
scarecrow in a field, an object seen
standing on a road in the distance or
stuck up in a kraal, or an 'aunt-Sally'
made of an um-Senge stump and set up
by boys for throwing at; an utterly
worthless, despised person, not worth
caring about, a mere 'dummy' of a per-
son, as an old neglected woman or child
(= um-Lwane).

Cusha (Chusha), v. = boboza (on account
of its being mostly adopted as a sub-
stitute for this latter word for hlonipa
purposes, the use of the word is now
mostly confined to women).

Cushe, ukuti (Chushe, ukuthi), v. Pass
(intrans.) straight or right through,
pierce through, as a needle or awl pas-
sing through a piece of leather, grass,
etc. = cusheka; make pass through, as
the needle (ace.) or awl above — cushe-
za; get passed through, or pierced
through, as the piece of leather above
= cushezeka.

Cusheka (Chusheka), v. — ukuti cushe.

u(lu)-Cushela (Chushela, or sometimes,
s.c.),n. Any sharp-pointed, piercing
thing; an ox with sharply pointed horns
standing erect (=■ i-mBoxela).

Cushelekela (Chushelekela), v. Go straight
through, or direct along, a path (with
nga). Cp. ukuti ngcelekeshe.

Cusheza (Chusheza), v. = ukuti cushe.

Cushu, ukuti (ChAishu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
n/.she.

i-nCushuncushu, n. - see i-Ncushuncushu.

Cushuza (Chushuza), v. — cusheza.

Cushu za, v. — ncushuza.

Cuta (Cutha), v. Contract, compress, or
draw in the body (ace), or any of its
parts, as when seeking to drag the body
through a narrow space, or when being
tickled, or when straining, or when purs-
ing the mouth to restrain from laugh-
ing, or as a horse or dog laying down
the ears (cp. butaza); have the ears

84 CW

drawn together i. e. unpierced, without
a hole, according to Native custom (used
in perf.) ; have the ears closed i. e. be
disobedient, not readily responsive to
orders, as a bad child ; be deaf (used
in perf.).

isi-Cute (Cuthe), v. Person with ears un-
pierced ; person with ears closed i. e. not
obedient, or actually deaf = isi-Puta.

Cwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be calm and clear,

as the sky, mind, etc. = ukuti cwanta.

Ex. intlixiyo yami ite cwa, my heart is

at perfect rest, happy and contented, without

anythiug to ruffle it = ukuti cokololo.

Cwa, ukuti (Chwa, ukuthi), v. Resound,
send forth a continued indistinct din or
noise, as a lot of people singing in the
distance, or as a wood or hail sending
forth a dull confusion of sound; make
a gentle rumbling noise, i. e. ferment
gently, effervesce, as beer, or soda-water
= cwaza.

Cwaba, ukuti (Chwaba, ukuthi), v. Crackle,
as dry sticks or undergrowth when
walked upon ; make to crackle, as a piece
of dry firewood (ace.) when breaking it
up, or dry undergrowth when walking
upon it = cwabaza.

Phr. ake uti cwaba umlilo, just crack a
few sticks for fire, or make up a small fire.

u(lu)-Cwabasi (Chwabasi), n. Any food
nicely crisped in the cooking or nicely
crisp in the mouth, as meat or mealies
nicely roasted, or buttered toast; (C.N.)
a tall person of nice medium-sized body
(— i-nGcwabasi).

u(lu)-Cwabasosha (Chtvabasosha), n. (C.N.)

= i-?iGmvabasi.
Cwabaza (Chwabaza), v. = ukuti cwaba.
i-nCwabi, n. = i-mBodhla; i-mPaka.
Cwacwaba or Cwacwabala (Chwachwaba

or Chwachwabala), v. = cocobala.

i-nCwadi, n. Mark of any kind which indi-
cates, directs, etc. as a sign-post, a stone
placed as a guide in measuring, a pe-
culiarity of features by which one re-
cognises, etc.; hence, sign; evidence;
letter, 'which indicates or tells things';
book; certain string of beads with the
colours arranged according to a fixed
custom, and which a young-man 'reads
or tells,' it having reference to his love-
feelings (Mod. in the latter instances).

Ex. incwadi yami leyo, that is my sign
or guide (as a knot tied in the grass or
stick in the ground).

incwadi yabo inye, ikala, their distinguish-
ing feature is the same all round, viz. their
nose (as children of a particular family).

cw

Cwaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti cwa-
nta (mostly N.).
Cwakalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti

cwantalala (mostly N.).
Cwala, v. Dress the hair by picking or
combing it out with any pointed instru-
ment, as is commonly done to the hair
below the headring = visha.
i-nCwali, n. Native hair-dresser and head-
ring-maker.
isi, or u(lu)-Cwalo, n. Pointed wooden
instrument for picking or puffing out
the hair, as above.
um-Cwana, n. 5. (C.N.) = i(li)-Lula.
Cwaneka (Chwaneka), v. Roast, toast, as
a piece of meat (ace.) over the fire, or
a person at the stake; bake, as the sun
a person (ace.) = cocobalisa.

N.B. Burning at the stake was not un-
known with the Zulus. Shaka had a large
number of the Elangeni clan — that of his
mother — impaled on a circle of sharpened
stakes, the stake eutering by the anus and
passing through the body up to the neck,
and then roasted over fires made up below
them,
isi, or um-Cwangubane (no plur.), n. 5. Cer-
tain kind, or kinds, of small, striped,
smooth-bodied caterpillars which have
appeared in certain past years and
worked great damage to grain crops =
um-Balo, um-Gwangube. Cp. i(li)-Ntshu-
ngutshu.
um-Cwangube, n. 5. = um-Cwangubane.
Cwaninga, v. Search or look for anything
(ace.) carefully (= hlwaya); collect small
sticks for firewood (ace. = cakasha).
Cwanta, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Be perfectly
calm or still, as the weather on a wind-
less, cloudless day (= ukuti cwantalala);
be spread out at rest, as a multitude of
people, or of cattle, sitting or lying down
quietly on one spot (= ukuti cwantala-
la, ukuti yiba, ukuti yibaba; cp. ukuti
kwatalala).
Cwantalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. = ukuti

cwanta.
u(lu)-Cwantalala (s. t), n. Mass of people
or cattle lying or sitting spread out at
rest on one spot = u(lu)-Yiba.
Cwanzulula, v. = cwasa.
Cwasa, v. Exclude or cut off a person (ace.)
from one's society, friendship, etc. =
bandhlulula, cwanzulula. See i(li)-Qu-
de; i(li)-Ci.

Cwasha or Cwashe, ukuti (Chwasha or
Chwashe, ukuthi), v. Stick or pierce a
person or thing (ace.) very slightly, as

85 CW

might a thorn, or one person giving
another a prick with a pin; stick in
slightly or loosely, as a hair-pin (ace.)
into the hair, or a spoon into the thatch
of a hut (cp. hloma); throw into the
mouth, or eat bit by bit in small pieces,
as when eating mealie grains (ace.) or
small fruit singly — cwasha or cwashela,
ukuti twasha.
Cwasha or Cwashela (Chwasha or Chwa-
shela), v. = ukuti ctvasha.

Cwasha or Cwashela, v. Put or wear a
band of skin or beadwork round the
head, generally over the forehead =
qela (qhela).
Cwata (Cwatha), v. Become clear, cloudless,
as the sky (used in perf.) ; become bare,
bald, cleared of hair, grass, etc., as a
man's head, a patch on an ox, or a spot
on the veldt (— qwata) = cwatula.

Ex. licwatile ixulu namhlanje, the sky is
cloudless to-day.
Cwata, ukuti (Cwatha, ukuthi), v. = cwata.
u(lu)-Cwata (Cwatha), n. Bare or bald
thing or place, as a man's head when
shaven, a bald patch on an animal's body
as where burnt, or the veldt where quite
bare of grass = i-nGcwatule; i-Nyabule;
i-Manyule. Cp. i-mPandhla. [Ga. kwa-
lata, baldness].
u-Cwatibane (Chwathibane), n. Kind of
grasshopper, said to be the male of the
i(li)-Diya — ii-Mantshola.
Cwatula (Cwathula),v. = cwata.
i-nCwatule (Cwathule), n. —■ see i-nOcwa-

tule.
Cwaya, v. = gcaya.
Cwaya (Chwaya), v. Perform the hut, or

sitting-dance.
i-nCwayi, n. One skilful at the um-Cwayo,

dance.
Cwayi cwayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = cwayiza.
Cwayiza, v. Blink, wink, as when some-
thing has entered the eye, or as ordi-
narily = qwayiza; cwazima; pazima.
um-Cwayo (Chwayo), n. 5. Hut, or sitting-
dance, or its accompanying song = um-
Vumo.
Cwaza (Chwaza), v. = ukuti or a.
u(lu)-Cwazi,w. A dazzling or glittering
thing, a 'dazzlingness', such as fills the
eyes after looking at the sun, or the
dazzling heat-waves dancing above moist
ground on a hot day, or the layer of
oily-matter lying on the surface of stag-
nant water, or the heliograph from its
dazzling motion = u(lu)-Ncwasi; u(lu)-
Gelegele.

cw

u-Cwazibe, n." Large bright star, Aldeba-
ran of the constellation Taunts. Cp.
o-Xdwenjana.

Cwazi cwazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = cwazi-
mula, cwazizc/a.

ubu-Cwazicwazi, n. Brightness, shininess,
as of polished metal or glassware ; splen-
dour, effulgence, glitter, as in a gorgeous
hall lighted -up.

Cwazi ma, v. = cwayiza.

Cwazi mu la, v. kazi inula, ukuti cwazi
cwazi.

Cwazizela, v. kazi in til a, ukuti. cwazi

cwazi.

Cwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be brightly green
or blue, as new grass, a clear sky, or
pure water = ukuti yaka. Cp. cweba.

isi-Cwe (Chive), n. Pigmy or Bushman
(=: umu-Twa); sometimes used (N) for
isirXwe.

Cweba, /-. Become clear or pure /. e. free
from all obscuring bodies, as muddy
water does upon being left undisturbed,
or as the sky when free from every
cloud or haziness (used in perf.) ; be-
come 'glassy', as the eyes when filled
with tears.

Ex. amanxi aewebile ate ore, the water
is clear as crystal.

amehlo as'ecwebe (or hlwenge, or ewenge)
i\ inyembexi, his eyes are already filled with
tears.

i(li)-Cweba, n. Lagoon, as at the mouth
of the Umhlatuze or Durban. Cp. u(lu)-
Cwebe.

Ex. icweba laa'eNtlengeni, the Tonga la-
goon i. c. St. Lucia Bay.

i(li)-Cweba (Chweba), n. Single stalk of a
certain kind of rush (used with plur.);
also = i(li)-Coba.

i-nCweba, n. Tiny skin-bag containing
medicines or charms and worn singly
or in numbers on a string round the
neck. Cp. ama-Mbata.

u(lu)-Cweba or more gen. Cwebe, //,. Any
still, pure expanse or sheet of liquid,
as a clear stagnant pond, lagoon, or
beer when standing at rest (from the
clear surface of water rising to the top).

Cwebe cwebe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — cwebezela.

Cwebedu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perfectly
clear and still, as the sky; be perfectly
silent, quiet, as a person. Cp. ukuti
cwanta.

Phr. kuaate cwebedu, it is still all clear,
without a speck (along the path), i. e. there-
are still no signs of him fas of a person
coming).

86 CW

Cwebezela, v. — kazirnula.

um-Cwebo, n. 5. = um-Laza.

Cwecwa, v. Pare, shave off in thin slices
(not scrape), as peel (ace.) from a potato
(ace), or fat from a piece of meat, or
small j shavings from a medicinal root.

Phr. uku-eweewa ugwayi, to remove the
stalks and stiff ribs from a tobacco leaf,
leaving only the ukudhla.

uku-xi-cwecwa endabeni, to cut oneself off
from (having anything to do with) an affair,
shrink out of it.

u(lu)-Cwecwe, n. Thin, light sheet or plate
of anything, as a sheet of tin, or brown-
paper; dim. form u(lu)-Cwecwana, slice,
scale, wafer, etc. = u(lu)-Cecevu, u-
Ngcwecwe.

i-nCwele, n. (N. fr. Xo. i-nQwelo) == i-
nQola.

i-nCweleha, n. = i-nXeleha.

Cwenga, v. Clear i. e. make run off clear,
'pour off any liquid (ace.) from its sedi-
ment, as one might clear water by strain-
ing, filtering, or making it run off clear
at the top, leaving the sediment behind;
or as the sour-milk calabash (nom.) does
the whey (ace.) when it lets it run off
clear leaving the curds behind (= hlwe-
nga, hlahla); or as a person's eyes make
tears (ace.) 'run off clear' when they
fill with them from sorrow or anger
(— hlwenga, cweba).

Ex. us'eewenge ixinycmbexi, his^eyes are
already filled with tears.

Cwentsa (Chwentsa), v. Act or talk in a
bad-mannered, rude way, without shame,
restraint, or respect, as a youth talking
rudely to his father, or fighting with
another boy in his presence.

i(li)-Cwentsa or Cwentsana (Chwentsa), n.
One who acts or talks as above.

Cwepe cwepe, ukuti (Chwephe chwephe,
ukuthi), v. = cwepesha.

Cw6pesha (Chwephesha), v. Do off smartly,
with skilful easiness, as any work (ace.),
account of an affair, etc. See i-nGcwepe-
shi.

Cwepeshe, ukuti (Chwepheshe, ukuthi), v.
= cwepesha.

Ex. wasiti ewepeshe (isicalulo), he put it
right in no time (the boot he was repairing).

i-nCwepeshi (Cwepheshi), n. — see i-nGcwe-
peshi.

Cwepeza (Chwepheza), v. — cwepesha.

Cwesha, v. = ukuti cweshe.

Cweshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cut off a little
bit of anything (ace), as meat, cloth, etc.;

cw

encroach upon land (ace.) by appropri-
ating small bits at a time = cwesha.
Cwetula (Cwethula), v. Clear away the
clouds, become clear, as the sky (= cwa-
ta, hluba; cp. beka); clean up, sweep
up, as a kraal (ace.) of weeds and rub-
bish (ace. = cetula).

Phr. (ixulu) liewetulilr., nas'ebukweni bexi-
nja, the sky has cleared up right away to
the horizon {lit. even to where the dog's
wives come from).

ubu-Cwibi, n. — ubu-Cubu.

Cwicwiteka (Cwicwitheka), v. Titter, as a lot

S~ of girls at a person speaking. Cp. ma-

mateka; gegeteka; kunkuteka; gigiteka.

Cwila, v. Sink down bodily into anything
(loc.) out of sight, as when quietly div-
ing or sinking into deep water, or
(metaphor.) into deep or long grass. Cp.
ukuti goje. [Ga. bira, dive].

CwTIi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = cwila; cwilisa.

um-Cwili, n. 5. Klip dagga (Leonotis ovata)
= u(bu)-Tshwalabenyoni; cp. i-Munya-
munyane.

87 DA

XB. The haves of this plant are said to
he oue of the chief Xosa remedies for snake-
bite.

Cwilisa, v. Make sink down into, as above
— see cwila; hence, immerse, dip into,
as when placing anything (ace.) beneath
the water; steep, soak, as Kafir-corn
(ace.) by putting into a stream to make
it sprout for malt.

Ex. vku-xi-cwilisa, to duck oneself, dive

down beneath the water (not properly plunge).

i-nCwincwi, n. Sun-bird or Honey-sucker,

of which there are several varieties

(Cinnyris Afra, C. chalybea, etc.).

Cwiya, v. Cut off small bits here and there
from a slaughtered beast, or as an urn-
takati does from a murdered person;
take out or away small bits now and
then, as of food (ace.) from a pot.

i(li)-Cwiyo, n. Small choice piece, tit-bit,
such as is cut off a slaughtered beast
for the kraal-head, or from a human
body, as above.

D

\ in Zulu has but one sound, the same as

in English, although in Zulu the letter is

somewhat more clearly dentalised and possesses

a stronger aspiration than in English speech.

The comhiuations did, as in the word Dhlala
(to play); hi, as in the word Elala (remain);
and tl, as in the word i-nTlixiyo (heart), are
used to denote the three varieties of lisp in
the Zulu language. The difference in sound
between the did (the deep, throat lisp) and
the hi (the medium or mouth lisp) is very like
the difference between the tfd in the English
word 'smoothly' and that in the word 'deathly'
— the sign dhl corresponding to the former
and the Id to the latter. The tl (or sharp,
dental lisp) is the latter sound sharpened by
the fact of its following immediately after an
n, which causes it to become somewhat den-
talised, so as to resemble the sound of the tl
in the Euglish word 'neatly'.

In the Xosa language, the sign dl is used
for the same sound as we express in Zulu by
the sign did. For the sake of uniformity, as
well as of brevity, it would seem eminently
desirable to adopt the Xosa sign also for the
Zulu.

Da, defect, verb. — mostly appearing in
■ the form de q. v., and used to express
/' 'continually, constantly, always', etc.

Ex. uti uMpatwa, uboda umbekela intsimu

yoke, Mpatwa says, always keep an eye for
him on his field.

i-nDaba, n. Matter, affair; case; topic of
conversation; business; report; story,
tale; pi. izi-nDaba, news; doings [L.
fabula, story; fama, report; Ar. khabar,
news, report; Sw. jambo, affair; Ga. ki-
gambo; Bo. z-ambo; Ze. Ngu. ku-ga-
tnbira, to tell to; Her. oku-yamba, to
talk about; Ka. ku-leba, to speak].

Ex. kuy'indaba yako ukulungisa loko, it
is your business to arrange that.

seku indaba, it is now a case (to be talked
about) — previously it was of little public
concern or importance.

ixindaba xake anyixitandi, I don't like
his affairs (caused by his carryings-on).

ngimaxi nyeiulaba nje, anyimaxi ngamehlo,
I know him just by report, I don't kuow
him by the eyes (i.e. personally).

indaba kanyiyixeki, the affair, no! I don't
talk about it, i.e. it is altogether too bad,
or surprising, beggars all description.

Phr. tat'indaba le, nyikupe umcaba, take
this affair, and I will give you some mealie-
'masi = oh! do relate to us that affair.

i-nDaba (or i-nTliziyo) ka'Ndondondo, n. =
i-nGubo ka' Kundhlase.

u(lu)-Daba, n. Occurrence or matter of
importance, serious affair.

DA

isi-Ku-

\

i-nDabakadengizibone, (s.k.),n.

lutshane.
i-nDabakawombe (Dabakawombhe), n.

seei(li)-]Vombc.

Dabalaza, v. Stand astride, with the legs
wide apart (C. N.) = xamalaza.

i(li)-Dabane, n. Certain weed, growing- in
old kraals.

isi-Dabane, n. = isi-Gceba.

i-nDabankulu (s.k.),n. Certain section of
Shaka's izi-mPohlo regiment.

um-Dabe, n. 5. Place with deep, uncross-
able mud; a bog = u(lu) Bulm; u(lu)-

h'ishi.

Dabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = clabuka; dabula.

um-Dabu, n. 5. Name given to the larger
i-nTolwane shrub (— um-Dabu obomvu)
whose roots are used as an emetic for
iibu-Lawu and for chest and stomach
complaints; more rarely also applied to
i-n Tolwane encane (= um-Dabu omhlope)
which is used for, headaches; also =
um-Fantu.

Dabuka (s. k.), v. Get rent, torn, as a gar-
ment (cp. qibuka; rrebuka) ; get broken,
as an earthen vessel; get broken out,
as the body of a person with sores ; get
heart-broken, saddened, grieved; get
broken out into being, get sprung forth
into life, i. e. break out into being, spring
forth into life, as new grass and plants
at the coming of spring; originate, have
their origin, as a tribe [Sw. pasuka, get
rent or broken; tatuka, get rent; Ya.
sauka, suffer; Her. pauka, tauka, get
broken or torn].

Ex. ngidabukile impela ngalcyo'ndaba, I
am very sorry about that affair.

y'iloku kwadabuka umhlaba, ever since
the world came into existence.

abakwa'Dhlam ini badabuka eSwaxmi,
those of the Dhlamini stock had their origin
in Swaziland.

um-Dabuka (s. k.),n. 5. = um-Kenke.

Dabukela (s. k.), v. Be grieved at (the sight
of) i. e. to envy, enviously covet, as the
property (ace.) of another man = hawu-
kela.

Dabukisa (s. k.), v. Grieve, sadden, as a
child its parents (ace.) this word is

not used as a rule in the sense of 'to
create', or of to cause to get torn or
broken' i. e. to break or tear, dabula
l"ing used in such cases.

urn, qr i-nDabuko (a.k.),n.5. Original or
ancient custom, nature, as of the Na-
tives i-mVelo.

isi-Dabuko (a.k.),n. Original source, place

88 DA

of origin, as of a tribe; original or an-
cient custom.

Dabula, v. Rend, tear, as a garment (ace.

— cp. qibula; rrebula); break (trans.),
as an earthen pot; make break forth
into life or being, create, as God did the
earth; split up or ofr^ as one portion
(ace.) of a tribe from another ; go or
pass through, as a field (with loc. or
pakati) ; cut or saw through, as a plank ;
chap, as frost, the feet (ace); slice, slit,

• as a hide — (this word is not used to
express 'to make heart-broken, or grieve' ;
for this dabukisa is used). [Sw. pasua,
tatua, to break or tear; Her. paura,
taura, to break or tear].

Ex. uyifunde qede, irb'us'uyid-abula (inewa-
dij, when you have read it (the letter), tear
it up.

uNkulunkulu wadabula abantu ohlanyeni,
God brought man into being from out of
the original stem.

Phr. ukudabida umkonto, to separate off
from the bundle, grasp hold of an assegai

— in order to draw it out for throwing.
ukudabula ubusuku, to travel during the

night — whether only for a short portion
or the whole thereof.

i(li)- Dabu lam biza (Dabulambhiza), n. =

i(li)-Hlabamvula.
u-Dabuleni, n. Safety-pin (T.).

um-Dabuli, n. 1. Surveyor — from his bu-
siness of dividing up the land into
farms (Mod.).

i-nDabuli, n. Professional 'arranger' of
Native dance-songs, adapting the song
to the dance, etc. See funda.

Daca, ukuti (ukuihi), v. Make a slapping,
splashing sound, as of a lump of mud
thrown on a wall, or dropped on a floor;
hence, throw, drop any soft semi-liquid
substance (ace), as before = dacaza;
get so thrown or dropped, as the semi-
liquid substance itself; lie sprawling or
flat on the stonach = dacazeka. See
ukuti baca.

Dacaza, v. = ukuti daca.

Dacazeka (s. k.), v. == ukuti daca.

Daceka (s. k.), v. = dacaza.

Dacekeka (s. k.), v. = dacazeka.

Dada, r. Cause a person (ace.) to be at a
loss as to what to do, make helplessly
puzzled how to extricate oneself, as
might any difficult circumstances e.g.
two impis coming up from different
sides at the same time, a superabundance
of weeds in a planted field, etc. = tana.
[Sw. tatanisha, puzzle. Comp. Dida].

i(li)-Dada, n. Black Duck (Anas spar sa);

DA

applied also to any other similar varieties
(cp. i(li)-Hoye); also (N) — i(li)-Cacane.
[Hi. bat, duck; Sw. Ga. Ngu. bata; Bo.
Sha. Ze. wata; Ku. nrata; Heh. ibata-
tvata; Her. o-mbaka].

um-Dada.w. 5. Rig i(li)-Beshu, very broad

and long.
isi, or u(lu)-Dada, n. = u(lu)-Dadawe.

Dadambala (Dadambhala), v. Go beyond
the proper time in doing anything;
hence, be over-cooked, as any food (used
in perf.); delay in bearing, as a cow or
woman whose time has already passed.
u(lu)-Dadasholo, n. Any broadly expan-
sive thing, as a skin, blanket, curtain,
etc. = u(lu)-Dwadwasholo. Cp. i(li)~
Qungqu.
u(lu)-Dadawe, n. = u(lu)-Dvduma.
u-Dade, n. Applied by male* to any fe-
male, younger or older, born of the
same mother (= sister); of the same
father by other wives (= half-sister);
of the maternal uncle or aunt, and of
the paternal uncle (= cousin, — when
of paternal aunt = imi-Zala) ; or of any
other kraal or family having the same isi-
bongo(= clanswoman, kinswoman, blood-
relative). Applied by females to any
female as aforesaid, when elder than
the speaker - - females in the same de-
gree of relationship, but of like age =
um-Fo, q. v.; those in the same degree
of relationship, but of younger age ==
tim-Nawa, q. v. [Sw. dadal used in
addressing a sister; San. muhasa; Gan.
Heh. muhadza; Bis. uweso; Bo. Ngu.
Ze. lumbu]. Comp. n-Tate.

Ex. udadc wetu, wenu, wabo (never wami,
wako, wake), my, or our sister; plur. odade
wetu, wenu, uabo (never bami, etc., or betu.
etc.), my, or our sisters.

ngifung'adade wetu, I swear by my sister;
or 'dade ivctn .' alone, or the sister's name
— is a very common expression of men
when wishing to confirm a statement by an
oath, the meaning being 'Indeed I would lie
with my sister, if I be not telling the truth '
(see Bina).
Dadeka (s. k.), v. Get put, or be, at a loss
as to what to do, how to extricate one-
self, as when in seriously emban-assing
circumstances (used in perf.) = taneku.
See dada.
Dafaza.v. Trudge wearily along, when

tired out = divaza.
ama-Dafu (no sing.), n. Very soft, over-
boiled mealie-grains (izi-nKobe) = ama-
Nyewu, ama-Nyikive.
Daka (s. k.), v. Make besotted, stupefy,
intoxicate, as alcohol, or hemp-smoking

89 DA

a person (ace); make faint, languid,
strengthless, as hot sultry weather;
besot, be too much for, make forget one-
self, as an unaccustomed abundance of
delicious food (ace.) might cause chil-
dren momentarily to lose their gravity,
respect, etc. - the word in all its senses
is generally used in the passive form
dakwa q. v., seldom in the active.
i(li)-Daka (no.pl; s. k.),n. Rich compress-
ed soil beneath the soft surface-mud in
the cattle kraal, in some places used as
fuel; (tvith pi.) single brick or clod of
dried kraal-mud, used as fuel.
isi-Daka (s.k.),n. Black rich soil, wet or

dry.
um-Daka (s. k.), n. 5. Ring, about six inches
in diameter, of rough brass of about an
inch in thickness and obtained by barter
from the Portuguese territory or pos-
sible manufactured by Native smiths
further north, and formerly used for
making the i-nGxota and also as an
um,-Beko; soil of any kind rendered
black and muddy by rain ; hence, any-
thing of a dark-brown, muddy colour
(see mdaka); gall-ball, or soft pellet
found in the gall-bladder of some cattle
and goats, and said to be the cause of
the animal's making a groaning sound
when breathing asleep in the kraal; such
groaning sound made during sleep by
cattle; deep breathing of some human-
beings when sleeping. [Tat. odika, iron ;
Kag. Itum. ndapo, iron-ore; Sw. shaba,
brass or copper; Bo. ki-lama, iron].

N.B. These brass or copper rings were
formerly of great value among the Zulus, a
person "being easily able to get a beast, or
even a wife at times, for them. They were
used for making neck-rings, and other body
ornaments.
u(lu)-Daka (s.k.),n. Mud; mud-mortar;
udaka olumhlope, white ochreous clay.
isi-Dakadaka (s.k.),n. Huts, houses, or
kraals very numerous together in one
place. Cp! isirDhlidhli.
u(lu)-Dakalwezisini (s.k.),n. Any nice soft
food that makes a paste for the teeth,
'stick-jaw,' as nice isijingi, amasi, or
very tender meat.
um-Dakamfene (s. k.), n. ■'>■ Certain forest-
tree, having hard red wood.
u(lu)-Dakana (s.k.), h. Half-asleep looking
person having no energy of body or
mind. Cp. um-Lalane.
i-nDakandaka (s.k.),». Great quantity or
multitude of anything, as crops, beer,
books, cattle, etc.; person overcome or
done up with exhaustion or worry,

DA 90

whose powerless body is 'all over the
place.' See dakaza.

Ex. ku'Bani aku'mabele, indakandaka i<jt,
with So-and-so ir i>n't corn; it is just heaps
of it.

i(li)-Dakane (s.k.),n. Certain hush-tree,
growing along- the coast.

um-Dakane (s. k.), n. o. White Pear (Apo-
dytes dimidiata) — forest tree growing
along coast with hard wood used for
felloes, and its bark and leaves as pur-
gative for young cattle (N).

u(lu), or i-nDakane (s. k.), n. Certain shrub,
producing fibre, and used medicinally
for fevers and as an i-nTelezi.

Dakatsha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; s. t.), v. =
dakatshela.

Dakatshela (s. k.; 8. t.), v. Go dragging one-
self along, as one quite exhausted =
dakalatshela.

Dakaza (s. k.), v. Do anything largely,
abundantly, prodigally, etc. — most com-
monly used of 'good things,' as food,
etc See i-nDakandaka.

Ex. nbani uasidakaxa ngotshwala, So-and-
so treated us abundantly to beer.

sadakaxa ngotshwala k'obani, we got any
amount of beer at So-and-so's.

inlcosi yah 'idakaxa ixincwadi, the magis-
trate was eugaged on a great heap of letters.

Dakwa (s. k.), v. Be besotted, drunk, as
with beer or hemp; be overcome, as by
sun's heat or over-eating.

Ex. udakiwe, he is drunk

udakwe ilanga, he is done up by the sun.

i(li), or isi-Dakwa (s.k.), n. Drunkard; one
given to excessive hemp-smoking.

X.B. Native medicine is not without its
cures for inebriates, e. g. ground partridge-
gizzard, or the froth of boiled beer-dregs,
administered in a little utshwala before the
feast is an infallible specific. Another re-
medy is the is-ona weed taken in the same
way. The reasoning in this case is pro-
bably that, inasmuch as the isona weed is
the most fatal enemy to the mabele plant
while in the field — this latter not being
able to thrive at all wherever the weed exists
— ergo, the mahele-beer poured into a stom-
ach previously well drugged with the weed,
will find it a very unfavourable habitat. Lest,
however, there be auy misunderstanding as
to the opinion of the Native, from an ethical
point of view, about getting drunk, I may
state that it is not the habit of inebriation
that is disliked by the drunkard or disap-
proved by the community, or indeed treated
by the Kafir doctor, but the alcoholism and
nerve-effecta (u- Valo) resulting therefrom.
u(ht)Quqo.

DA

u-Dakwa-ukusuta (Dakwa-ukusutha),n. Re-
giment formed (or rather only named)
by Dinuzulu's mother, during his ab-
sence in St. Helena, and next following
after the i-nGubo ka Kundhlase (q. v.).

Dala, v. Bring into being, create, as God
brought into existence the world (ace.),
or as Mpande is said, in his praises, to
have created Zululand = dabula. [The
word is probably only another form of
zala, to give birth to (q. v.). Skr. dha-
ma, effect, create; jan, beget; Lat. pario,
I bring forth ; nascor, I am born ; Heb.
bara, create; Ar. khala, create; Her.
kara, make to be; At. da, create; Ga.
tonda, create — comp. Zulu um-tondo,
male organ of generation, the penis].

Dala, adj. Old, aged (not used for 'old'
in the jocular sense — see u-Ntsondo and
u-Koto). [A.S. eald; Eng. old; Ar. "adim,
old ; Ga. Nya. Kag. daa, ancient ; Her.
kuru, old (k in Her. = d in Z., e.g.
Her. kara, create = Z. dala, create);
Ngu. Ze. kolo, (see prev. remark); Sw.
zee, old (z in Sw. = d in Z., e. g. Sw.
zaa, to bring forth, and Z. dala, create)].

Phr. ngimdala namhlanje, I am old to-
day, i. e. I have seen wonders.

woba mdala, you will be old, i. e. will
make a tough experience, such as you never
knew before — said to a naughty boy for
whom chastisement is in store.

sell lidala (ilanga), it (the sun) is already
old, *'. e. is already up some time, say about
an hour (see pisa).

loko kwavela pakade kadala, that happened
long ago, in old times.

abadala, adults; amadala, old people.

i(li)-Dala, n. Aged person.

ubu-Dala, n. Age, as of a person; anti-
quity, the 'long ago.'

Ex. kwenxiwa 'budala loko, or ebudaleni,
or endulo, that was done or made in ancient
times.

Dalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be openly ex-
posed to the view of all, be in the open,
as a kraal or exposed object, or the
fault of a person become publicly known ;
be quite bare, empty, a merely open
space, as a field that has been eaten
off by cattle; make, or place, so openly
exposed, bare, etc., as any object (gen.
such as ought to be concealed), the fault
(ace.) of a person, etc. (= dalula). [Skr.
dal, split; Her. kuruka, bare — comp.
Her. kuru, old = Z. dala, old],

Ex. ixinkomo xangena, xawuti buqe urn-
bda, sekute dalala, the cattle entered and
utterly cleared off the mealies, it is now per-
fectly bared (nothing being left).

DA 91

aekute dalala eshungwini la mi, it is now
quite empty in my snuff-box.

wakuluma wamtcla dalala, he spoke and
made (the case) bare for him, /. c. exposed
him = iramdalula.

isono sake satiwa dalala, his sin was laid
bare.
Dalakaxa, ukuti (ukuthi), r. == ukuti bala-

kaxa.
u-Dalamede, n. Dynamite [Eng.].
Dalasa, or Dalasela, v. — talasa.

um-Dalase, n. 5. Any very old thing, as
vessel, hut, or person.

isi-Dalasi, n. = isi-Talasi.

u(lu)-Dalasi, n. = u(lu)-Dwadwa.

ezika'Dalawana (izinja), n. Dalawana's
dogs — a name of contempt given to
the Durban Native police, probably so
called after a certain superintendent

u-Dali, n. Dohl; split-peas; lentils [Eng.].

i-nDalu, n. Small tree (Greyia Suther-
landi), growing in up-lands (N).

Dal u la, v. Expose, make bare, as a person
or his secret doings (doub. ace.) = uku-
ti dalala [Skr. dal, split; Her. kuruka,
bare — comp. Her. kuru, old = Z. data,
old].

i-nDalule, n. One of the number of bones
used by the Native bone-diviner (N).

Damba (Dambha), v. Go down, as a swel-
ling; subside, as a river; be calmed
y' down, as anger; be allayed, as pain; be
calmed, as one's desire = bohla.

Dambata (Dambhatha), v. = gubuya.

um-Dambi (Dambhi), n. 5. Rush-like grass,
used for making eating-mats ; (N) shrimp,
prawn.

i(li)-Dambisa (Dambhisa), n. = i(li)-Dwa-

ngubane.
Dambu dambu, ukuti (Dambhu dambhu,

ukuthi), v. = ukuti namba namba.

Dambuza (Dambhuza), v. = nambaza.
isi-Dambuza, or Dambuzana (Dambhuza or
Dambhuzana), n. = isi-Namba.

Damene, aux. verb. = de, jinge, zinge,
etc.

Damu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Burst up in a
flare or flame, as a little dry grass when
lighted; burst or break open or apart,
as a mist, clouds, or a rank of men to
allow a chief to pass; open out in con-
centric circles, as water when a stone is
thrown in = damuka; go flaring or
flaming up, as a grass-fire when coming
across patches of dry grass or blown
up by a wind = damuzela; cause to burst
up in a flare, as the wind might a little
fire (ace.) among dry grass; cause to

DA

break open or apart, as the wind a fog
(ace.) = damula; go splashing in or
through water (ace), causing it to 'burst'
up and about, as when crossing a drift,
or a swimmer splashing about with the
feet = damuza.

i(li)-Damu, n. A splashing about in the
water, or splashing up thereof, as when
swimming, according to Native custom,
with a splashing of the feet (== uku-sho
ya idamu), or as children splashing one
another when bathing in a river (cp.
i-nTiki); a large abundance of food,
generally beer, 'ponds-ful' of it (more
generally used in plur. ama-Damu =
ama-Baka; ama-Cibi).

Damuka (s. k.), v. = ukuti damn.

Damula, v. = ukuti damu.

Damusa, v. (C.N.) — darmiza.

Damuza, v. = ukuti damu.

Damuzela, v. = ukuti damu. Cp. gqamuka.

Dana, aux. verb. — de, damene, etc.

Dana, v. Get powerless, depressed, languid,
as the body from excessive heat or
weakness; get depressed mentally, out
of heart, as through worry.

Ex. ngidanile, nyidaniswe ixindaba ;ako,
I am tired out, I have been tired out by your
carryiugs-on.

isi-Danasi, n. = isi-Talasi.

Dan da, v. Follow along, as a track or
path (with ku); follow along, relate, an
occurrence (ace. = landa); plant or
sow anything (ace.) by following along
(not scattering broadcast), i. e. seed by
seed in furrows, or rows, or successive
holes made by the hoe.

Phr. aku-danda indima, to mark out a
field or garden by cutting a row of holes
with the hoe = gaba, ala.

N.B. This word, danda or landa, shows
how also in the Zulu language an inter-
change formerly existed between the letters
d and /. How this interchange was mauaged
is clearly exemplified by the Suto branch
of the Bantu languages, where even to-day a
sound exists which is midway between a d
and an /, as shown in the Suto word for
'God,' which some Europeans write as Mo-
limo, others as Modimo.
i(li)-Danda (loc. e-Danda) n. = i(ii)-Qolo.

isi- Danda, n. Person or animal (as cow or
bullock) of sluggish, spiritless disposi-
tion, without energy or fire — used of
a child still crawling when others of its
age are walking, or a cow that lets it-
self be pulled about by anyone, or a
woman in an advanced stage of preg-
nancy.

DA 92

ubu-Danda, >i. Quality or state of being
as above.

Dandabuza, /•. Travel far, covering a great
stretch of country (ace); go on and
on, recounting all the monotonous de-
tails, never getting to the end, as when
giving evidence or relating an affair =
tandabuza, shish i/neza.

Dandalaza, v. Come into sight, come into
the open, as anything previously screened
from view.

Phr. idandnlazile (inyanga), it is come
into sight (the moon) — used of the new
moon just appearing.

Dandalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — dandalaza.

i-nDandato (Dandatho), n. Ring, or cir-
cular piece of metal; the name was ap-
plied to the um-Daka q. v.

Dandisa, /-. Make to follow all the inci-
dents of an affair by giving a detailed
account of it (doub. ace.) = landisa.

Ex. wangidandisa yonke indciba, he re-
lated t he whole affair to me.

Dane, <iu.r. verb. = de.

i(li), or sometimes ama-Danga, n. = i(li)-
Denge, i(li)-Ceke; also (C.N.) = i-mBuqa.

isi-Danga, u. Very long string or rope of
beadwork wound round and round the
loins or neck so as to form a thick belt
(= isi-Woado), or allowed to hang in
numerous strings from over the shoulder
f= uru-Gaxo).

i(li)-Dangabane, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Dwangu-
bane.

Danga danga, ukuti (ukuthi), r. .-■ danga-
zela.

Dangala, v. Get or be depressed, strength-
less, languid, as the body from illness
or heat, or the mind from affliction or
worry (used in perf.) = dana.

i-n Dangala, n. = i-mFene.

Dangalaza, v. = xamalaza.

Dangana, v. = dangala.

Dangazela, v. Flare up, break out into
flame brightly for a few moments and
then die down, as a grass-fire when the
breeze blows, or a hut-fire when a few-
more dry sticks are thrown in = da-
ngazela, langalangazela (see remarks
under danda). Cp. damuzela.

i(li)-Dangu,H. Veldt-pond of stagnant water
= i(li)-Cibi. [MZT. chi-bongo, small
lake].

Dangu dangu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = danga-

Danguzela, v. = dangazela.
u(lu)-Danqudanqu, n. = u(lu)-Donqadonqa.

DA

Dantsaza (s. t.), v. Go trudging, shuffling
along, dragging the feet after one, as a
tired-out traveller. Cp. davuza.

Dantsha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = ukuti

dica.
Dantsu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. = dantsula.

Dantsula (s. t.), v. Hit a person (ace), give
him a stroke or swipe with a switch,
whip, birch, or other flexible instrument
= kwantshula, kwantshabula ; cp. taxa-
bula.

Danyana, adj. dim of De, long — hence,
rather long, longish.

Dapu, ukuti (Daphu, ukuthi), v. = dapuna.

isi-Dapudapu (Daphudaphu), n. = i-nDa-
pundapu.

Dapuna (Daphuna), v. Take up or out
writh the hand anything (ace.) of a soft,
ungraspable nature, falling into pieces
or away from the hand, as any semi-
liquid food like pumpkin-mash, or any
rotten, sodden substance.

i-nDapundapu (Daphundaphu),n. Any soft-
natured, ungraspable thing, falling apart
under the touch, as above.

Dapuza (Daphuza), v. = dapuna.

Dapuzeka (Daphuzeka), v. Get taken up
or be takable, as above, i. e. be of a
soft, ungraspable nature, falling to bits
under the touch, as sodden meat or
soaken bread.

isi-Darraza, n. = isi-Cakafu.

Datsha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. =tikuti diea.

i-nDatsha (s.t.),n. Certain ferocious little
rat-like animal, having small tusks and
tail-less, of a light brownish colour, and
living underground (N) = i-mPukuluti.

Davuza, v. Plod laboriously along, toil
along, as when on a long journey; wade
or toil through, as a swamp, broad ex-
panse of water, or dense undergrowth
of vegetation ; plod about, wander about,
as one not knowing the way, or going
about on fruitless errands = divaza,
gqizaza. Comp. dantsaza.

isi-Dawane, n. Strand-wolf, a species of
hycena (the animal having become ex-
tinct in the country of the Zulus, the
name also has become obsolete and exists
now merely in fable) [Xo. is-Andawane).
N.B. The isidawane is said to come up
to a kraal and say, We! 'banif nampu
ububende bako! i.e. Here! So-and-so! here
is your mince-meat! — upon his arrival, it
will seize and go off with him.

i-nDawo, w. Place, locality, room, space;
situation, place of employment; par-
ticular point of an argument; proper

DA 93

or usual point or limit for doing any-
thing ; used adverbially as 'ndawo, to
express 'at all, by any means, anywhere',
and generally, though not always in
connection with a negative [Skr. dhama,
place; Ar. wadaj; Ta. a-ndu; Ga. wa-
ntu; Bo. ha-ntu; Po. bfa-ntu].

Ex. uti bala kukona 'ndawo'? and du you
think then it actually exists anywhere?

ndawonye (= indawo inye) is used prepo-
sitionally to express 'together, in the same
place '.

<ja! ngingc&e ngavuma 'ndawo, no! by
no means can I allow it.

m'efikile, yini, endaweni? has hr then
already arrived anywhere? — said sueeringly
in reply to a question as to where a bad
walker might by this time have got to.

wayipekisisa (inyama), wadhlida indawo,
he cooked it (the meat) beyond the mark or
proper degree.

utshwala babumnandi, badhlula indawo,
the beer was nice, beyond all ordinary beer.

uhukuluma kwako kawuknlumeli 'lvlawo,
as to your talking, you don't talk for any
point, or useful object, at all — i. e. you
are driving at nothing; also, you speak to
no purpose.

i-nDawo (Daawo), re, Species of cyperus or
rush, whose stalks are used for mat-mak-
ing, and whose roots, having a bitter gin-
ger-like taste, as a stomachic for indiges-
tion, foul breath, etc., and which are con-
sequently often worn in small bead-like
pieces round the neck for nibbling at
as occasion requires; another kind of
flag, growing in moist places, and used
for 'smoking away' ticks from cattle;
also sometimes applied to i-nDungulu.

N.B. The eyperi are known all the world
over for their carminative properties. And
the fact of this local specimen (the indawo)
of the genus (as well as many other more
important remedies, as, for instance, the fern
— i-n-Komankoma — for tapeworm) haviug
a place in the Kaffir materia mediea, may
be taken as evidence that they do possess
some really good and efficacious remedies.

i-nDawo I ucwata (Daawolucwatha), re. Cer-
tain iridaceous plant of Europeans, used
by Natives for sprains, as a charm, etc.

i-nDawoluti (Daaivoluthi), n. Species of iris
(Belamcanda punctata), cultivated by
Europeans, and of which one kind (em-
nyama) is used as a cure for hysterics
and the other (emhlope) for headache
and stomach complaints, also to render
ineffectual the medicines of an umtakati.

Daxa, ukuti (ukuthi), o. = daxazela; da-
xaza.

Daxalazela, v. — daxazela.

DE

i-nDaxandaxa, n. Person or thing dripping
wet with rain, causing the slopping sound
daxa. Cp. i-m Baxambaxa.

Daxaza, v. Make the slopping, slushing
sound daxa, as a cow when dropping
dung, or a person throwing mud, or the
isidwaba of a woman when wet through,
or a man walking through a muddy
place in the rain.

Daxazela, v. Go slushing, slopping along,
as a person walking along a road in a
heavy rain, or a woman with her isi-
dwaba wet through.

Daxu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Hit a person (ace.)
or thing with any soft-substanced, flex-
ible instrument, as a wet reim, or
shambok = daxula. Cp. dantsula.

Daxu la, v. = ukuti daxu.

isi-Dayanonko (s.k.),n. Daft, utterly sense-
less, stupefied-looking individual or
idiot ; sometimes applied contemptuously
to any deaf person (= isi-Tulu), from
the stupid appearance he presents when
being spoken to and not hearing; any-
thing of a hard, or intractable nature,
not readily responding to any operation,
as tar to leave the hand when washed,
etc.; any disagreeable peculiarity about
a person, as a repulsive appearance, dis-
gusting manners, etc., such as make him
generally disliked among the girls, etc.

Daza, v. Persist in contention, strife, or
dispute from sheer obstinacy (used with
i-nKani). Cp. banga.

Dazu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — dazuka; dasufa.

Dazuka (s. k.), v. Get so split apart or
asunder, as below; utter a 'splitting'
or piercing cry, shriek out, cry out with
all one's might, as when in danger or
merely to some distant person = dazu-
luka.

Dazula, v. Split apart or asunder, as tin-
two portions of a piece of chopped fire-
wood (ace), a man's head with a blow
from a hatchet, or a person his legs
when separating them far apart whether
when sitting or standing (cp. xamalaza)
= dazulula. Cp. debeza [Skr. dal, split].
Ex, ukii-xi-daxula, to open apart one'-
legs so as to expose the private parts ob-
scenely.

Dazuluka (s. k.), r. = dazuka.

Dazulula.r. = dazula.

De, def. verb, used to express 'continu-
ally, constantly, frequently' = dunr, da-
rn ene, jinge, zinge, etc. See da.

Ex. wad'etsho, he was constantly Baying so.

De,adj. Long; high, tall; deep [Skr.
</ir(///. long; Ar. tawil, long; Bo. le;

DE

94

DE

1-

Her. tide; Ru. la; Sum. lele; Ko. lehu;
Ka. ulu; Ku. udzulu; Ngu. tali; Sw.
re/"?/; At. ti, far].

Phr. 1/rnf.r, umximba nmude, you rise in
the moruing with a long body, i. e. with a
feeling of weakness, enervation.

amati/ktt amade, long days, i. e. a long
number of days.

elide (itam'bo) lomkono, the bones (both
ulna and radius, which the Natives speak of
;i* oue) of the lower arm. See fupi.

elide lomlenxe, the bones (both tibia and
fibula) <•(* the lower leg = u(lu)-Qalo.

sokukude kadala yavela, it is now loug
ago, in old times, that it happened.

ubu-De, )>. Length; height; depth [See de].

P. itbude abupanyica, height is not snatched
up in a hurry — Rome wasn't built in a
day; it will all come in its good time.

Debe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — debeza.

i(li)-Debe, n. Person with his face cut up

with tribal incisions, as the amaBaca;

used contemptuously of anybody (C.N.).

i-nDebe, n. Half of a split gourd, used for
baling water, beer, etc. = i-nKezo.

u(lu)-Debe, n. Lip; pi. izi-nDebe, common
name for the whole external female or-
gan (cp. u(lu)-Fa; um-Lomo; i(li)-Lebe).

Debekesa, v. = debesa.

Debesa, or Debesela, v. Do anything in a
heartless, careless, slow, lazy manner,
as having no interest in it == tebesa,
debekesa.

Debeza, v. Divide, cut, or break asunder
in 'mouth and lip 'fashion (v. u-Debe, a
lip), as when cutting open a man's (ace.)
s<alp by a heavy blow with a stick, or
when stabbing a beast vigorously so as
to cut a big gash, or when splitting a
calabash into two halves or 'lips' (izi-
nDebe). Cp. dazula.

Deda, v. Get out of the way for a person

(ace. with ela form) = qelika; suduka;

rluka [Sw. jitengd].

u-Dedangandhlale, n. Level open country,

clear of hills and ravines. Cp. i(li)-Ceke.

Ex. kwa? Deda/ngandhlalc, name of a certain
plain in the Transvaal.

I; fide sihamba ude.danyandhla.le weeeke, we
have been ever so long travelling over a level

etch of country.

i(li)-Dede, n. Excrements passed in a soft,
semi-liquid state, as those of cattle. Cp.
"/n-Gamu; um-Godo.

um-Dede, v. r>. = u-Nomdede.

u-Dede-ezibomvu, n. Kind of i(li)-Qwagi.

Dedelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be thoroughly
dime up, without strength or spirits,

ready to sink, from fatigue, overwhelm-
ing misfortune, etc. = ukuti lisa, ukuti
dica.

Dedengu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Bear or carry
anything (ace.) in an utterly careless,
regardless manner, as when merely drag-
ging it indifferently along, merely throw-
ing one's dress loosely round the body,
or when taking up a pot between the
fingers of one hand.

Dedika, v. Get out of the way = deda.

Ex. mus'ukukutuma toko, dedika.' dou't
talk that (stuff), get away!

Defe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be level, flat, as a
plain or hut-floor = ukuti caba.

u(lu)-Defe, n. Flat, level place or thing.

u(lu)-Dekane (s. k.), n. Meadow-plant (Vitis
hypoleuca) with raceme of tiny white
sweet smelling flowerlets and used as
an intelezi = u-Norramtirreshe.

i-nDekazi (s.k.),n. = i-nDendende.

u(lu)-Dekeda (s.k.),n. Small veldt plant,
having a raceme of blue flowers.

isi-Deku (s.k.),n. Main root (not seed-
tuber originally planted — see i(li)-Goni)
of the i-Dumbi plant, from which the
leaves and shoots sprout forth; root-
stump of a tree, from which all the izi-
nGxabo or earth-roots proceed; origin,
root, of any matter (= isi-Zimbati, isi-
Qu).

Dela, v. Have enough — in all its possible
uses; hence, give in, give up, as when
overcome (the thought always being in
the Zulu mind that the individual has
had 'quite enough'); have one's heart's
content, be thoroughly satisfied, as when
the desire has been completely gratified ;
leave, throw off, abandon, as a man his
chief when going to live under another;
give up hope or expectation, as when
tired of waiting any longer [Sw. tele,
enough ; Ga. deka ! leave off, enough ! ;
Bo. delea, let loose; hela, cease].

Ex. bayadela labo'bafana, they are happy,
are those boys, i. e. have all they could wish
for.

ngidelile, I have had enough ; I don't want
any more; I have had my heart's desire — -
applicable to every phase of mind.

uku-xi-dela, to sacrifice oneself, one's own
life, comforts, etc; risk oneself.

uku-xi-dela amatambo, to give up oneself
as to one's bones = to risk one's life.

Phr. uyawuncind'udele, niyauuncinda tii-
dele, bayawuncinda badele, you (they, etc.) will
dip it (the medicine) up with your fingers
( /'. e. will be able to put your finger in the
jam) until you have had your full = you

DE 95

will be astonished (e.g. at the beautiful
work, marvellous feats, etc. of So-and-so);
you won't want to see any more.

i(li)-Dela, n. Happy-go-lucky kind of per-
son, careless and content with anything
and everything.

i(li)-Delabutongo (Delabuthongo) n. Hyce-
na; an urnTakati q.v.—lit. a thing that
gives up sleep, i. e. goes about during the
night.

Delana, v. Have done with one another.
P. imbaxa ayidelani nomfula, ukuhamba
ngokwayo, the branch doesn't throw off its
connection with the river, io order to go
along by itself— said to correct the impru-
dence of a poor dependant severing con-
nection with his patron.

Delela, v. Disregard with contempt, care
4- nothing about, as a boy his father (ace.) ;
make nothing of, do anything (intrans.)
with easy mind, without any mental
anxiety or concern, as when walking
along where there is no longer fear of
danger; put a circlet of beads round
the head so as to hang diagonally over
the ear or eyes. [Sw. tharau, despise].

Ex. namhlanje sekufike abelimgu, nexinga-
ne xiyahamba xidelele, nowadays that the
whitemen have arrived, even children go
about with perfect ease and unconcern.

uBani nyadelela, So-and-so is contemptu-
ous, haughty of character.

isi-Deleli, n. Disregardful person, wilfully
despising authority ; an easy-going per-
son, indifferent to everything (=i(li)-
Dela).

Deleleka (s. k.), v. Get despised, i. e. be

/despicable, made nothing of.
Ex. uniuntit odelelekileyo, a despised person.

Delisa, v. Make a person (ace.) to have

/enough, satisfy him, by a present, by
giving him a deserved hiding, etc.

Dembesela (Dembhesela), v. (C. N.) = debe-

sela.
u(lu)-Dembudembu (Dembhudembhu),n. —

i-nJembunjembu.

Dembuluka (Dembhuluka),v. = lernbuluka
[Bo. dema].

Denda, v. Do anything, as work or talk
or growth, in a slow, drawn-out manner,
never getting to the end = dendisa. Cp.
ndandaza; lernbuluka.

i-nDenda, n. Certain bush (= u-Maguqu),
or the tiny berries growing thereon,
and which are eaten medicinally for
worms, etc. (== i-nTlamvubele) ; (C. N.)
back hair of girls, which is coloured red.

um-Denda (Deenda), n. 5. Variety of wild-

a

DE

small

edible fruit.

fig tree, bearing
Cp. um-Kiwane.

um-Denda or Dende, n. 5. Row or lino
of anything running horizontally, as of
mealie-grains on a cob, or planted trees ;
streak, stripe, as of colour on a dress
(= um-Tende) = umu-Nqa.

u(lu)-Denda, n. Viscid expectoration or
mucus, such as expelled from the throat
after violent exertion or vomiting, in
long tenacious strings (used with Ma-
ma). Cp. i-njembuluka.

isi-Dende, n. — isi-Tende; also (C.N.)
= u-Maguqu.

Dendebula, v. Tear into strips or rags,
pull to pieces stripwise or piecewise, as a
garment (ace), or hut by dragging out the
grass; strip up as the long roots of a
tree or soft bark from a tree-trunk =
tentebula.

i-nDendende, n. An affair of long ago; a
long, nevei'-ending affair, story, conver-
sation, etc. = i-nDekazi.

Ex. thus' 'ukung / kulumela indendemle. don't
talk to me of a thing so old, remote (in the
past), or so distant (as iu the future) —
as might occur when referring to any great
retrospective or prospective pleasure.

ud'evusa indendende feyo, he is constantly
bringing up that old gone-by affair.

bakuluma indendende, they had a long
talk, they were talking an immense time.

Dendisa, v. = ndandaza, denda.

Denga, v. Do anything reluctantly, very
slowly, without heart or energy, as a lazy
person working, or a tree growing (cp.
zindela); drawl out in talking, as a per-
son with a slow manner of speaking or
when never getting to the end of one's
tale = zenga; denda. Cp. donda.

isi-Denga, or Denge, n. A drawling, slow-
moving person, who gets to move or do
anything only with difficulty. Cp. i
Danda, i-nDondukusuka, isi-Xycmfu.

ubu-Denga, or Denge, n. Slow, spiritless,
drawling nature in a person incapable
of acting with spirit or energy.

i(li)-Denge, n. = i(li)-Tenge; also i(U)-Ce-
ke.

Denge denge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tenge tenge.

isi-Dengele, n. Any old earthen pot already
chipped about the brim = isi-Qengele.

um-Dengele, n. 5. = um-Qengele.

u(lu)-Dengele, n. = u(lu)-Dengezi.

Dengeza, v. = tengeza.

Dengezela, v. = tengezela.

i(li)-Dengezi, n. = i(li)-Dunguza.

isi-

S

DE

96

u(lu)-Dengezi, tt. Fragment, chip, broken
portion, large or small, of any earthen-
ware article. Cp. isi-Hlepu.

i-nDeni,??. Belly (the word is now nearly
obsolete, being solely used by women
for hlonipa purposes) = isi-Su.

Ex. indeni yakp ibol/le, his inside is rotten.

Phr. ikiwane elibumru IwoV indent, a red

i,nice looking) fig is rotten in its pulp =

von can't judge anything bv its appearances

(C.N.).

isi-Deni, i>. Disinclination to exert oneself,
slow, lifeless, unenergetic, lazy nature
in a person. Cp. ubu-Denga.

isi-Denjana, ». Anything of a squat, broad
and stumpy build, as a flat-bottomed
kitchen cauldron, or a short thick
woman.

Depa (Dcpha), v. Grow tall, high, or long,
as a person, tree, or grass [Skr. drih,
grow ; Her. renaka, grow tall — akin
to de, q. v.].

Depu, ukuti (Dephv, ukuthi), v. = ukuti

tepu.

Depuka (Dephnka), v. = tepuka.

Depu la (Deplmla), v. = tepula.

Derre, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Squat down on
the buttocks in an easy, regardless
manner, not arranging the legs accor-
ding to the rules of Native decency —
may be used of a woman squatting flat
on the private parts, or a man squatting
with the knees far apart, or generally
of anybody 'squatting' lazily down while
others are working.

Derrezeka (s. Ic), />. = ukuti derre.

i(li)-Devu, n. Nose of a bullock; moustache,
of a man (plur. ama, or izi-nDevu) [Sw.
ndevu; Bo. lu-devu; Ma. ndolu; Ga. ki-
levu; MZT. in-dezu; Her. oru-yezu —
this word exemplifies the interchange-
ableness in the Bantu languages of the
letters d, I and y, and of the letters z
and v. See remarks under Danda].

Dhla, v. Eat, as food (ace); used meta-
phorically in a general sense expressing
'to enjoy' an}- of those multitudinous
material pleasantnesses which the body
may consume or experience — hence, to
drink, as utshwala; to snuff, as tobacco;
enjoy, as a conversation (indaba) or a
sot-dance; come into possession of, in-
herit, as property; confiscate, as a man's
cattle (doub. ace. ); cheat, as in making
a bargain (doub. ace); profit by another
(with rc<7a);l;take possession of any
particular thing, as in dividing spoil;
pieh out, fall upon, take hold of, as a lot
\inkato) a person (ace); eat up or con-

DHL

sume, a person (ace.) i. e. his substance,
as a lawsuit might; bite, eat, as a snake
or wild-beast a man (ace.) — though not
actually devouring him; eat away, wear
away, rub away into, gall, as friction or
a tight-boot; J eat into, as an ulcer or
rust; cost, as a coat; feed, graze, as ani-
mals; pass, as a season or space of time
(ace); cut, cut into, as a sharp edge;
eat in upon, encroach, as a man on an-
other's estate (with loe); 'sport', delight
in wearing, as any finery (vmfinga of the
thing) ; be decorated or smeared with,
as a girl's face or child's body with
colour (ace) ; go through in a fine mas-
terly manner, as a man a dance or pas
seul (ace) [Skr. ad, ghas, eat; Gr. phago,
I eat; Lat. edo, I eat; esea, food; Goth.
atjan, eat; Ar. 'akl, to eat; Ku. Bo. ja;
Sen. dya; Sag. dia; MZT. Ha; Sw. la;
Cong, dia; At. je].

Ex. kudhliwa-pilnamhla? where is it drunk
to-day = in which kraal is there a beer-
drink?

sike sadhla indaba naye, we just enjoyed
a bit of a talk with him.

wadhla impahla yonke ka'yise, he inherited
all his father's property.

inkosi yamudlda xonke in inkomo xake, the
chief confiscated (from) him all his cattle.

ungidhlih imali yami, he has cheated me
(out of) my money.

abehmgu bayadhla ngafi, si'xituta, the
whitemen make profit out of us, we stupid
people.

yena wadhla ixinkomo,ingqukumbane wayi-
itika umfo umbo, he himself took possession
of the cattle and gave the cart to his brother.

ieala limdhlile, the lawsuit has eaten him,
i. e. has consumed some of his substance, he
having been fined, or ordered to disgorge
what he was illegally holding.

wadhliwa inyoka, or ingwe, he was bitten
by a snake, or leopard.

' intsimbi yaleli'sondo iloku idhleka ivjalo,
the iron of this wheel is constantly getting
eaten or worn away (by friction).

sadhla iziuyanga e%ine kona, we passed
four months there.

lesi'sieatulo siyangidhla ewwaneni, this
hoot galls (not pinches) me on the toe.

leli'bantshi liahla imali-ni? how much
does this coat cost?

Phr. idhlc ibomru ingane, the child has
put on the red clay i. e. has had its body
smeared therewith.

yek'umfo ka'Siba/ti, wasidhla isisuso, leave
him alone, the fine fellow of Sibani's, he did
his isisusu (Native dance; in fine style.

uku-xi-dhla, to enjoy the ornamentation
of oneself, to be full of delight of oneself
= to be proud.

/

DHL 97

uku-mu-dhla imfumuta ubani, to take
advantage of oue's (ace.) helplessness (e. g,
being alone, iguoraut, etc.) in order to harm
him in some way, as when scolding a child
because its mother is away, striking a boy
because he is alone, or defrauding a person
because of his not knowing anything of the
details of the transaction.

P. udhle nkinlhla, kwamialhla, he has eaten
food, (but) it has bitten him = the biter
bitten, or of one whose pleasure has turned
out a pain.

udhliwe Vubixo, he has been bitten by the
/ iuvitation, i. e. he has been drawn on by a
coquette and then jilted.

xowadhla epakati, they (the birds; will
eat it (the Kaffir-corn), even while she is in
(the field) — said of an incapable, stupid,
good-for-nothing person, who can be charged
with no work or responsibility, who would
allow things to go wrong before his eyes.

isi-Dhla, n. Gancrum oris, a cancerous
and generally fatal ulcer eating into the
side of the cheek; unhealthy spot on
the side of a pumpkin which dries up
forming a hole; also = is-Adhla.

ubu, or uku-Dhla, n. Cutting part or sharp
edge, as of a knife or umkonto = ubu-
Kali.

uku-Dhla, n. Food; utshwala, the food
par excellence of men; feast; holding
capacity i. e. interior space, as of a bas-
ket or pot.

Ex. ipidangwe siti Vubembedu ngoba li-
ngena'kudhla, a plank we say is a bembedu
(Mat thing) because it has no 'food' in it,
/. e. no food can get in it, it cannot hold
anything.

o! leli'botwe kalina'kttdhhi, oh! this pot
doesn't hold anything, one can only get very
little (food) into it.

Dhlaba, v. Sport with, play jokes upon
(with nga) a person regardless of whe-
ther he likes it or not, make fun out of
him — the action being sometimes per-
missible, but more generally disapproved
of as an excess or reckless liberty. .

i(li)-Dhlaba, n. Person of a sportive nature,
given to playing jokes, making fun out
of others without regard or restraint;
he-goat while young, as being of a spor-
tive nature. Comp. i-Pompo, i-Gabaza.

Dhlabe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sink down deep,
'up to one's ears,' as in deep water or
long grass (not in mud) ; cook in very
large quantity, be up to one's ears in
food — dhlabeka.

Ex. ng'anePukungena, ngasengiti dhlabe, I
had only just got in, when down I went up
to my ears (in water).

DHL

umfaxi uwate dhlabe amabelc, the wife
has prepared enough amabelc to sink in.

Dhlabeka (s.k.),v. = ukuti dhlabe.

isi-Dhladhla, n. Footprint of any paw-
footed animal, as a leopard, cat or dog
(cp. u(lu)-Nyawo; i(li)-Sondo; u(lu)-Hla>
bo; ama-Ztvane); muscular strength,
power of arm, as for lifting, etc. (= izi-
Kwepa, izi-Pika); person of average,
medium size.

Dhlafu dhlafu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dhlafuza.

Dhlafuza,^. = dhlavuza.

i(li)-Dhlaka (s.k.).n. Man's after-covering
when made of several dangling 'tails'
of i-nTsimba skin merely slit up, not
twisted = u(lu)-Hayi; cp. i(li)-Gqibo.

isi-Dhlakadhla (s.k.),n. Overpowering
violence, force, or energy, as of an impi
when it comes on with an irresistible
rush; violence of temper, irascibility
(= ubu-Jaka).

Ex. amaBiiHH emaningi kangaka, kufa-
nele sivele ngesidhlakadhla, the Boers being
so numerous, it is proper that we appear in
overpowering force — lest they overcome us.

Dhlakata, ukuti (Dhldkatha, ukuthi), v.
Seize, grasp firm hold of, as a dog a
buck (ace), an iron-trap an animal, or a
man a thief = ukuti qakata, ukuti xa-
kata.

Dhlakatisi, ukuti (Dhldkathisi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti dhlakata.

i(li)-Dhlaku (s.k.),n. Large white-bellied
rat found about watery places (C.N.) =
i(li)- Givevu.

i(li)-Dhlakubi (s.k.),n. One who breaks
the mourning-abstinence, i. e. who par-
takes of food before duly permitted by
the Native law of mourning ; any one
who acts, against the ordinary etiquette
of 'eating,' as a shamefully greedy per-
son or who partakes of someone's hos-
pitality and then spreads reports about
him of stinginess.

A1. B. The kraal-owner, the eldest son,
eldest daughter aud the various mothers are
all 'eaten medicine for' on the day of burial
and hlamba'd for a few months after death.
There are numerous very fine rules gover-
ning the eating of food at these times, aud
particularly before these duties have been
duly performed. One who eats food contrary
to these rules is called an idMakubi, i. e. one
who eats what is bad; for food so taken will
surely bring down some evil upon him!

i-nDhlakudhla (s.k.),n. Goat, or other
present, made by a young-man's people
to a sweetheart upon the occasion of
any of her numerous ante-nuptial visits,

DHL

in order to 'open her month to eat' —

which she will not do until so presented.

isi-Dhlakudhla (s.k.), n. Ravenous person,

eating always and anything he comes

across = isi-Huqa; cp. isi-Hamuncana.

i-nDhlakuse (s.k.)n. One always eating,

voracious person; (C.N.) = um-Cwa-

ngube.

Dhlala, v. Play; frolic; make merry, hold

a feast. Cp. feketa [Skr. las, sport; Ic.

dara, make sport of; MZT. ziana, play].

Ex. kadhlali Wmhmgu! there's no play
about that whiteman, he does the thing
properly, with energy — whether it be in
asking exorbitant prices, performing any
work of surprising skill, or what not.

udhlala ngami nje, he is just making a
fool of me, humbugging me.

kutiwa isidhlalo, ngoba y'ilapo lidhlalcla
(ixidu) Jcona, it is called a playing-place, be-
cause it is there that it (the lightuiug)
dances. See isi-Dhlalo.

Plir. uku-dhlala unnkosi, to hold the har-
vest-feast, as a chief.

P. it dhlala ngegeja kuxilwa, you are play-
ing about with the hoe, (notwithstanding)
it is abstaiued from (being a day of absti-
nence from work) = you are doing what is
not permitted, or are talking about a danger-
ous subject, you had better leave it alone.

i-nDhlala, or Dhlala (Dhlaala), n. Any
gland of the body (considered delicate
eating by the Natives).

i-nDhlala (Dhaala), n. Dearth of food sup-
ply, as in any kraal at any time ; famine,
generally throughout the land. Cp. n(lu)-
Kevete; lamba. [Ga. njala, hunger, fa-
mine; Sw.njaa; MZT. in-zala; Bo. sala,
Ku. i-tala; Chw. tlala; Her. o-ndyara].

Ex. o! kasidhli'luto indhlala, oh! we are
not eating anything (i. e. have no beer), it
is a dearth (of supplies now with us).

sibulewe indhlala, we are killed by scar-
city of food, i. e. we don't get enough to eat.

Phr. indhlala ebomvu, a red or well-ripened
dearth = a thorough-going famine.

i(li)-Dhlalati (Dhlalathi), n. Anything not
softening under treatment, as a hard
abscess or swelling not going on to sup-
puration, or a potato or pumpkin that
remains hard even after boiling. Cp.
i(li)-Qwala.

i(li)-Dhlalesula, n. False, unprincipled talk-
er, who says a thing and then denies
it, who never remains true to what he
has said.

i-nDhlalifa, n. Heir.

i(li)-Dhlaligwavuma, n. Human fat {i.e. of
a Kafir, 'one who growls when eating),

98 DHL

and used by an umtakati. Cp. i(li)-Pu-
malimi.

Dhlalisela, v. Show off, running gracefully
(according to Kafir notion) about the
dancing-place, as women are accustomed
to do at a dance; 'jump about' or move,
as the unborn calf in the cow's Avomb.
Phr. y'ilapo (ixulu) lidhlalisela kona, it is
there where it (the lightning) plays about,
*'. e. is given to striking (as on some par-
ticular spots).

isi-Dhlalo, n. Plaything; laughing-stock;
place where lightning is given to play-
ing i. e. striking'; (C.N.) pneumonia (=isi-
Bele).

i-nDhlamadoda, n. A name given to the
i-nGqungqulu (from its habit of eating
the corpses of those slain in battle);
also = u(lu)-Jovela.

i-nDhlamafa, n. ==. i-nDhlalifa.

u(lu)-Dhlambedhlu (Dhlambhedhlu), n.

Fierce, wild man; Dingane's own regi-
ment'(followed by um-Kulutshane), and
afterwards revived by Mpande next
after the u-Ndaba-ka' wombe (— um-
DhlenevUf-i-nGwegwe).

i(li)-Dh Iambi (Dhlambhi), n. (C. N.) = i(li)-
Ndhlambi.

um-Dhlambi (Dhlambhi), n. 5. Foam of
the sea-waves (C. N.).

isi-Dhlambila (Dhlambhila), n. Person
come for food to a strange kraal, as
occurs in time of famine (the term
is contemptuous and not applied by
friends); certain plant.

um-Dhlambila (Dhlambhila), n. 5. Species
of rock-cobra, of a reddish colour, very
venomous, and said to be very fond of
coneys (see i-mBila).

u(lu)-Dhlame, n. (C.N.) = u-Bamba.

i-nDhlamu (Dhlamu), n. Certain lively
kind of dance, indulged in by a number
of young people together (N). See
gadhlela.

Dhlamuluka (s.k.), v. Do, or talk, in a
furious way, wildly, with overbearing
violence, in a state so as to utterly dis-
regard all restraint or reproof, as when
quarrelling, when shouting out angrily
at anyone, etc. = dhloba, dhlova, dhla-
nguza, etc.

Ex. udhlamuluka kangaka, kawuniboni,,
yini, es'ekude? you are in a fury (with your
wild shouting), don't you se« he is already
far away (and doesn't hear a word of what
you say)?

Dhlana, v. Eat, cheat, etc., one another, or
one with another.

/

/

DHL

Phr. ukudklcma ngenkato, to cast lots for
one another, or mutually ; divide among one
another by lot (N).

uku-dhlana imilala, to cut the imi-Lala
(q. v.) for one another (said in reference to
a custom of men placing the sharp edges of
their assegais together and seeing which, by
a sharp, dexterous pull, shall succeed in
cutting the blade-strings of the other) = to
be in close contest, as two impis in sharp
conflict, two horses contesting a race very
closely, or a number of boys eating at the
same pot where it is all a struggle to get
anything at all.
uku-Dhlana, n. Little food, or utshwala.

i-nDhlandhla, n. Certain kind of brownish
frog (cp. i(li)-Sele) ; certain kind of veldt-
rat; also sometimes used for i-nTlahla.

Dhlandhlalaza, v. = hlantlalaza.

Dhlandhlalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
hlantlalazi.

um-Dhlandhlasi, n. 5. Certain climbing-
plant, whose very poisonous leaves, etc.,
are used as medicine for stomach com-
plaints.

Dhlandhlata (Dhlandhlatha), v. Accuse a
person (ace.) falsely, bring a charge
against him of which he knows nothing
= poqa. Cp. qamba.

urn, or u(lu)-Dhlandhlati (Dhlandhlathi),
n. 5. Any narrow ridge, passage, ascent,
etc., running between two precipitous
hills, or a narrow passage crossing be-
tween two deep pools in a river = um-
Tantato.

i-nDhlandhlokazi (s. k.), n. Jackal Buzzard
(Buteo Jackal) = i-nTlandhlokazi.

Dhlanga, v. Act or talk in a wild, violent
manner, without thought, restraint or
respect, as some naturally 'wild' young-
men (= dhlamuluka); go wrong or bad,
not as it ought, used of" milk, beer, etc.,
in their chemical changes (== dhloba);
do 'awfully', be a,\vfjil, in respect to im-
mense numbers, awful size, hardness,
etc. (often with nga); rage, as disease,
immorality, etc. •"■"■"

Ex. imfvndo yas'etnadolobon idhlange
ngokubambi, town education is awfully pro-
lifice of badness.

sekudhlanga ixinkomo, sekuncipa isibaya,
now that the cattle are so very numerous,
the cattle-fold is getting small.

kndhlanga amantombaxana kit' Bant, there
are an awful number of girls at So-and-so's.

inyania ka' Sibanibani yasidhlangela, the
meat at So-and-so's was frightful to us (so
tough) !

isi-Dhlanga, n. Pneumonia (C. N.).

99 DHL

u(lu)-Dhlangadhlanga, n. = isi-Dhlangtlr
dhlangu.

i(li)-Dhlangala, n. — i(li)-Dokodo.

isi-Dhlangala, n. = isi-Dhlangati.

Dhlangalala, v. Rage furiously, so as no
longer to be held in check, as a grass-
fire, an angry man, or sickness.

Ex. ukufa 8ekudhlangalele ku'Bani, the

sickness has now got firm hold of So-and-so
— it scarcely helps to attempt any further
treatment.

ukufa kumdhlangalele uBani, the Bicknesa
has got the better of So-and-so - it has
got firm hold over his kraal in spite of all
his efforts to keep it away.

isi-Dhlangati (Dhlangathi), n. Large num-
ber or 'swarm' of young men in any
one family or kraal (==■ isi-Dhlangala;
cp. u(lu)-Dumo, vmu-Bu); very hardy
person, always in good health.

u-Dhlangezwa, n. Certain military-kraal of
Shaka situated near the mouth of the
Umlalazi, in Zululand; a regiment
formed there = u-Hlomendhlini.

um-Dhlankuku (s. k.), n. 5. Poor, worthless
fellow, of no consequence, 'who eats
fowls' for want of cattle = umu-Ntu-
kazana.

isi-Dhlangudhlangu, n. Wild, violent tem-
pered person, given to acting in a furi-
ous, unrestrained, arbitrary way.

ubu-Dhlangudhlangu, n. Wildness, uncon-
cerned violence of manner, in acting or
talking.

Dhlanguluka, v. Act or speak in a wild,
violent manner, as a furious, disrespect-
ful person.

Dhlangu za, v. Act or talk as above =
dhlanga.

i(li)-Dhlanyazi, n. Person caring for nothing
and nobody, rude, unprincipled, etc.

i(li)-Dhlanzana, n. dim. of following =
i(li)-Hlokovana.

i(li)-Dhlanzi, u. Party, company, herd, etc., s>
of perhaps twenty head = i(li)-Hlokova.

Dhlapuna (Dhlaphuna),v. To tapuza (q. v.)
vigorously, violently.

isi-Dhlavela, n. = isi-Dhlidhli.

i-nDhlavini, n. = um-Kulutshane.

Dhlavu dhlavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dhla-
vuza.

ama-Dhlavudhlavu (no sing.), n. Tatters
(properly from being worn away, not
torn), a worn-out ragged thing, as a
moth or rat-eaten garment, or a mat all
tattered from long use = ama-Hlafv-
hlafu, ama-Hlakahlaka. Cp. ama-Niki-
niki.

DHL 100

Ex. mgubo yatni is'i'madhlavudhlam, my

blanket is already in worn-out rags.

Dhlavuza, v. Make ragged, in tatters, by
eating, gnawing, wearing, rubbing, etc.,
as moth or rats an article of clothing
(ace), or constant sitting the seat of
one's trousers ; rate a person (ace.) with
sharp words, pull him about roughly
(by words) = hlafuza, dhlafuza.

u(lu)-Dhlawu, n. Native blacksmith's tongs;
hence, pincers; wing, as of an army or
hunting-party (u(lu)-Pondo) ; long, pro-
minent nose.

Dhlayidhla, v. Eat and eat away at — re-
duplicated form of dhla.

i-nDhlazanyoni,/*. (C.N.) = i-nOqungqulu.

i-nDhlazi,w. Mouse-bird (Colius Capensis)
whose long tail-feathers are used as a
head-ornament.

P. nginonele pakati njengendhlaxi, I am
fat inside like a mousebird, i. e. my feelings,
thoughts, auger, or revenge, is not seen by
vou, but you may come to feel it — may
be used as a threat, or of a person with a
brooding ill-feeliug.

X.B. The amafuta of this bird is used
as an isi-betelelo (q. v.) 'because it is always
sticking at home in its nest!'

i-nDhle, n. = i-Ndhle.

i(li)-Dhlebe, n. Any big, broad, limp-hang-
ing lobular thing, as ear of an elephant,
or lobe, of lungs ; big, broad, flap of an
ear, in human being (even though stand-
ing stiff out); (comparatively) broad,
flap of a leaf, as the small broad leaflets
of a moalie-sprout; barb, as of a barbed-
assegai [Gr. lobos, lobe of ear; Ma.
nehbi; Ze. Ngu. gutwe; Sha. Bo. gutwi;
Ko. Ga. kutu; Her. oku-tui].

i-nDhlebe, n. Ear, of anything [see i(li)-
Dhlebe].

Phr. indhlebe itshela intlixiyo, the ear
tells the heart, i. e. what goes in at the ear
goes home to the heart.

um-Dhlebe, n. 5. Certain bush (Synade-
nium arborescens), the smell of which
when in flower is said by the Natives
to be fatal to one inhaling it.

X.B. The bark of this tree, mixed with
other ingredients, makes a powerful um-Bu-
lelo. and the doctor when cutting it, must
first smear his hands with the bile of a
<:o;it, then approaching from the windward
side, let fly his axe at the trunk of the tree
and bo chip out small pieces.

u(!u)-Dhlebe, n. Second-hearing i.e. a sup-
posed preternatural power of intellectual
or telepathic hearing possessed by one
who has anointed himself in the pre-

DHL

scribed way with i-nTsimango fat, etc.,
and by which conversations, slanders,
etc., uttered a long distance away, be-
come distinctly audible to him.

i(li)-Dhlebedudu,w. Species of sweet-potato,
said to bear well but inclined to be
stringy. Cp. u(lu)-Tshuza.

Dhlebeleka (s.k.),v. = dhlevuluka.

i(li)-Dhlebelendhlovu, n. Certain shrub
(Rhyncosia sigmoides) growing in damp
woody places and whose broad leaves
are used as an i(li)-Kambi; also certain
small tree (Trimeria alnifolia).

Dhlebu, ukuti (Dhlebhu, ukuthi),v. — dhle-
bula.

Dhlebula (Dhlebhula), v. Pull off tearing-
ly, tear off with a pulling grab, as the
topknot (ace.) of hair from a woman's
head, or any small bunch or hanging
article that can be grabbed by the hand.
Cp. hlepula.

Dhledhla, v. = dhledhlezela.

Phr. uku-dhledhla upiso, to fetch or take
an u-piso (certain large beer-pot) — from
the trotting caused by its weight when being
carried.

u(lu)-Dhledhle, n. A continuous trotting
about, tramping along, etc., as of a po-
liceman.

Ex. uloku adhVudhledhle, he is continuously
on the trot, always going about.

ubu-Dhledhledhle, n. A trotting along.

Dhledhlezela, v. Trot heavily along, as a

bullock, or a man carrying anything of

great weight = dhledhla. Cp. nqunquta.

Dhleka (s. k.), v. Get worn away, as by

constant friction, rust, or wear.
isi-Dhleke (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = isi-Hleke.
um-Dhlekedhle (s.k.),n.5. Old, worn-out
thing, as an old man, woman, or beast;
sometimes applied to a broken-down
wagon, or old earthen-pot = um-Baba-
lala. Cp. i-nKohlomba.
izi-nDhleko (s.k.), n. Expenses, outlay (M).
Dhlela, v. Eat from, etc.

Ex. lesi'sitsha kasidhleli 'mwitu, this plate
does not eat from (= is not eateu from) by
anybody.

kakudhleli hnuntu kulcsi' sitsha, there eats
nobody from this plate.

ukamba, isitsha esidhlelayo, an ukamba
is a vessel for eating out of.

ukudhlela indhlala, to eat on account of
a dearth — that is, something not considered
fit, proper or sufficient at another time.

Phr. uku-dhlela ubani emehlweni, to make
fun of a person (ace.) in his presence by
opeuly passing remarks about him, though

DHL 101

concealing them under the show of talking | i
about somebody else.

ukudhlela emkombeni wempaka, to eat from
the wild cat's basin = to have thrown off
the 'good manners and customs' of home
and race, and become wild, uncultured, rude
— mostly used of one who has not had his
ears bored (C. N.).

umlimela omkulu awudhlelwa 'x-ele, a great
hoeing is not eaten for by fa single) stalk,
i. r. so great a labour has proved altogether
profitless.
i-nDhlela, n. Native foot-path (from the
grass having been 'eaten away' along
its course); way or direction; way or
manner, of doing a thing; air, or so-
prano-part of a song; way or habit of
conducting oneself in life [akin to uku-
dhla q. v. — Nye. in-dera; Her. oka-
ndyira; MZT. in-zila; Sw. njia; Bo.
sia\.

Ex. o ! kanti uhamba ngeyami, oh ! so
then you are going the same way as I.

ixindhlela xake ximbi, his ways, or life,
is bad.

ixindJMa xokuxala (N) = u(lu)-Ta.

Dhlelana,v. Be good neighbours, partaking
of one another's food (i. e. beer) ; try to
out-do one another, generally in a bad
way.
isi-Dhlelani, n. Friendly neighbour, whose
food (i. e. beer) is partaken of — the
unfriendliness of Natives being mani-
fested by their not appearing in each
other's kraal at a beer-drink.
um-Dhlelanyoni (loc. em-Dhlelanyoni),n. 5.
Small kraal-of-ease which a chief may
establish away from his principal kraal
and in which he generally resides with
his favourite wife.

AT.R This kraal is also called owakwa-
'Ntandokaxi, or owakwa' Mpimbo wake, or
nirakiva'Mpinjcni, or oicakwa'Nji ling went.
There is generally a good deal of jealousy
between the wives left in the chief kraal
and the wife or wives regularly inhabiting
the Njilingiveni residence.
ubu-Dhlelanyoni, n. State or condition of
living as above.

Ex. inkosi is'ebudhlelanyoni, the chief is
at his kraal-of-ease.
isi-Dhlele (Dhleele), n. Swollen cheek or
neck, as from toothache or glandular
disease.
Dhlelesela, v. (C.N.) = dhlelezela.
Dhlelezela or Dhlelezelela, v. Say dhlele
dhlele! to a person (ace), i. e. show off
ostentatiously one's superiority over
him, e.g. after having been at rivalry
with him and won = gabisela.

DHL

(li)-Dhlelo, n. Pasture-ground, cattle-run
(comp. i(li)-Kapelo); small mat for roll-
ing imi-Tshumo, etc., in.
i-nDhlelo, n. Crop, of a fowl; that side of
a slaughtered beast, or its hide, opposite
to the wounded side - this latter, not-
withstanding that it contains the assegai
holes (and probably just on account of
them), is the most prized and goes to
the chief, or favourite wife.
i-nDhlelwamehlweni, n. Person made look
or feel foolish, by the custom of uku-
dhlela (q. v.) emehhveni.

Ex. uku-m-enxa ubani indhlelwamehleni,
to make a fool of So-and-so — by passing
jocular remarks about him in his presence
while pretending to be speaking of some-
body else.
Dhlemuleka, or Dhlemuluka (s. k.), v. = mu-

keleka.
Dhlemuzela, v. Walk briskly, step it out.
um-Dhlenevu, n. 5. Slight burning or ex-
cessive roasting on mealie-grains, when
roasted dry in the grain (gazinga) or
when boiled in water (izi-nKobe); mem-
ber of the u(lu)-Dhlambedhlu regiment.
Ex. ngipe exinomdhlenevu, give me of the
burnt or crisped ones (mealie-grains).
Dhlenge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti dhle-

ngelele.
Dhlengelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Start, as in
one's sleep; start back, be startled, as
by any sudden horror on the road. Cp.
ukuti qikilili; etuka.
Dhlenu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Spring up or
appear abundantly at the same time and
all over the place, as newly-sown seed
after a good rain (with mila) = ukuti
dhlibu, ukuti mfe, ukuthi yalu.
ama-Dhlepu or Dhlepudhlepu (Dhlephu or
Dhlephudhlephu), n. Tatters, rags (from
tearing; not from being moth-eaten or
worn = ama-Bhlavudhlavu) = ama-
Nikiniki, ama-Leptdepu.
Dhlepu dhlepu, ukuti (Dhlephu dhlephu,

ukuthi), v. = dhlepuza; dhlepuzeka.
Dhlepuza (Dhlephuza), v. Tear a thing
(ace.) so as to be rags or tatters, as
thorns or nails might one's clothes.
Dhlepuzeka (Dhlephuzeka), v. Get so torn

to rags, as above.
Dhlevu dhlevu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti

dhlavu dhlavu.
ama-Dhlevudhlevu, n. = ama-Dhlavudhla-

vu.
Dhlevuluka (s. k.), v. Go on persistently

scolding, 'jawing' without cessation.
Dhlevuza, v. = dhlavuta.

DHL

102

DHL

i-nDhlezane, n. Cow that has recently
calved, and so called till the horns ap-
pear in calf; applied also to goat, sheep,
and buck.

um-Dhlezane, //. I or 5. Woman who has
recently given birth, and applied to her
till the child can walk; also used of pig,
dog, and cat.

u-Dhli (accent on last syl.), n. Contemp-
tuous disregard, insolence, brazen-faced
rudeness, as of a child towards its par-
ents (used with enza and nga). Cp.
u-Noqakala.

Dhlibu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti dhlenu.

isi-Dhlidhli, n. Close, compact gathering
or grouping together of things on one
spot, as of kraals or huts thickly crowded
together, or the string-seams in a sleep-
ing-mat when too closely placed so as
to form a belt as it were = isi-Dhlavela.

Dhlikadhlika (s.k.),v. = dhlikiza.

i-nDhliki (s.k.),n. Name applied to the
little bit of stick, stone, etc., with which
the herd-boys cast lots as to which shall
run after the cattle.

Ex. asibone ukuti indhliki iyakubuya ngo-

ha'-: let ns see with whom the Indhliki will
return, i.e. who will draw it?

Dhliki dhliki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = dhli-
kiza.

ama-Dhhkidhliki (s. Ic), n. Thing or things
all pulled roughly about, L e. in an un-
tidy, dirty, neglected condition, as an
untidy hut with the thatch all pulled
about, food droppings all about a floor,
a dirty unwashed pot, a disorderly heap
of unfolded clothes, or a pair of trousers
all torn about = ama-Xikixiki.

Dhlikilili, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Be in a
scattered-about, disorderly, pulled about
state, as a lot of things untidily thrown
about a room, or a number of people
running off disorderly in all directions;
be general, all over the place, as a fa-
mine or epidemic; be numerous, in great
numbers, as cattle.

Ex. inala tie dhlikilili Jculeyo'mfunda,

abundant crops are everywhere, general (in
all the fields) of that river-flat.

sekute dhlikilili ixinlcomo ku'Masuku, cat-
tle are now in great numbers fare scattered
on all sides) at Masuku's.

i(li), or mostly ama-Dhlikiti (Dhlikithi), n.
Big, bulky mass or lump of a thing, as
the cheeks when swollen, large breasts
on a female, etc.

Ex. uBam ung'amadhlikiti, Bo-and-so is

|j eat lumps i. c has fat chops.

isi-Dhlikiti (Dhlikithi), n. Great lump, or

huge mass of a person, mostly used of
an unusually fat child. Cp. isi-Baxa.

Dhlikiza (s. k.), v. Pull about in a rough,
disorderly manner, as a goat the grass
(ace.) of a hut by rubbing up against
it, or a person a cupboard of nicely ar-
ranged clothes (ace.) ; pull tearingly
about, as a girl her clothes (ace.) by
going through a bush; pull roughly
about, worry, as a dog might a small
animal (ace.) that it has caught; throw
or drop about in a dirty untidy fashion
all about the place, as food droppings
all over a floor = dhlikadhlika, xikiza.

i(li), or more commonly ama-Dhlingosi or
j, Dhlingoziw. Outburst (generally passing)
of intense interest, as a child in its pic-
ture-book; or of ardent zeal, enthusiasm,
as a man for any undertaking or enter-
prise; outburst of excitement, frenzy,
as a man in a towering rage, a man or
witch-doctor wildly dancing = ama-
Nwele.

Ex. uvukwe amadhlingosi, or itnamadhli-
ngosi, he has been aroused for by an intense
interest; he is in a pitch of excitement,
enthusiasm.

basukwa amadhlingosi, they were entered
by quite a frenzy.

Dhlinza, v. = zindhla.

i(li)-Dhlinza, n. = i-Liba.

Dhlinzekela (s.k.),v. = zindhlekela.

Dhlisa, v. Administer poison to a person
(ace.) ; help one (ace.) to eat, i. e. eat
along with or share with him.

Ex, kengikudhlise! let me help you with
your food i. e. take a mouthful with you.

wadhliswa, he was poisoned.

P. ngixidhlise ngohami (uhuti), I have
poisoned myself with my own (poison) —
as might be said when one has brought
back upon himself any misfortune while at-
tempting to injure another.

i(li)-Dhliwa, n. = i(li)-Bimbi.

Dhlo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Have a sleep, per-
haps for a couple of hours.

izi-Dhlo (nosing.) n. Fine foods, as of the
Whiteman, or at a festival.

imi-Dhlo (no sing.), n. 5. Unwillingness to
share, selfishness, greedy unsociable-
ness.

Ex. unemidhlo, ngoba, nakona abantwana
lake bedhla k'okwetu, angex'avuma ukuba si-
dhle kwake, she is selfish, because, while her
children eat from our (food), she will never
allow that we eat in her hut.

Dhloba (Dhlooba), v. — dhlanga.

Ex. utshwala budhlobile, the beer is a
failure, has not turned out well (as when it

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103

DHL

has not fermented well or turned sour from
climatic influences).

i(li)-Dhlobidhlobi (Dhloobidhloobi),n. Star-
ing gaze; staring eye (gen. in plur.).

isi-Dhlobidhlobi (Dhloobidhloobi), n. Rude
gazer, a starer.

Dhldbiza (Dhloobiza), v. Stare at (ace.),
f gaze at fixedly (the action being disliked
as rude).

i-nDhlodhlela, n. Assegai with a very long
blade-shank headed by a tiny spear of
perhaps two inches in length. Cp. i-
n Gcula.

isi-Dhlodhlo, n. Bunch of feathers worn
on the top or back of the head (= isi-
\y Dhlukula) ; person with broad upper-
body; person of medium size (= isi-
Dhladhla).

i(li)-Dhlodhlombiya (Dhlodhlombhiya), n.
Anything hanging in a loose, straggling,
dishevelled manner, as hair hanging
out from a woman's topknot, feathers
from the bunch on a man's head, or
portions of grass from a bundle.

u(lu)-Dhloko (s.k.),n. One of a regiment
formed by Mpande next after the i-nDhlo-
ndhlo.

Dhlokodhla (s. k.)} v. (C.N.) = hlokoza.

i(li)-Dhlokolo (s.k.),n. Plume formed of
a single large bunch of i(li)-Sakabuli
feathers, worn on the top of the head
at great festivals = isi-Saka. Cp. isi-
Dhlodhlo; um-Nyakanya.

u-Dhlolo, n. = u-Zibandhlela.

u(lu)-Dhlolo, n. Sterile person or beast,
and of either sex f= i-Nyumba); evil-
tempered person.

i-nDhloloti (Dhlolothi),n. Species of iris,
with a yellow flower and abundant in
moist places, but very poisonous to cattle
eating it; angry -tempered, scolding per-
son; such temper itself.

u(lu)-Dhlomoti (Dhlomothi), n. Any very
tall or high thing, as a tree, tower,
pillar, or man.

Dhlomuluka (s. k.), v. = dhlamuluka.

i-nDhlondhlo (Bhloondhlo), n. Large dark-
coloured variety of cerastes or horned
viper (Cerastes caudalis), of a very ve-
nomous nature, and regarded by the
Natives as the most dreaded of snakes;
one of a regiment formed by Mpande
next after the i-nKonkoni (= u-Shisi-
zwe); certain *sea-fish 'with many teeth.'

Dhlondhlobala, v. Tower up or become
swelled with rage, intense excitement ;
get furious, as a wild-beast when irrita-
ted or an angry man when aroused or

/

a regiment dancing spiritedly before
their chief; puff itself up, make the hair,
etc., stand erect, from internal excite-
ment, as a cat, or leopard; gel big, put
on size, grow, become numerous, as a
beasl, or cattle generally.

Ex. ikati selidhlondhlobele, the cat has
now got its hair off— is puffed up in a rage.

is'idhlondhlobele inkonyana yako, youi
Calf has already put on size, has got big.
isi-Dhlondhlolozi, n. Short period of insen-
sibility, as when a person gets stunned.

Dhlondhlopala (Dhlondhlophala), v. (C. N.)
= dhlondhlobala.

u(lu)-Dhlondhlwane,w. Certain regiment
of Shaka.

Dhlongopala (Dhlongophala), v. = dhlo-
ndhlobala.

ubu-Dhlontiya (s.t.),n. Ostentatiousness,
love of displaying one's beauty, fine
attire, etc., as in vain young people.

um-Dhlonzo, n. 5. Certain forest creeper,
said to be a remedy for horse-sickness,
the leaves being also rubbed and smelt
for headache.

um-Dhloti (Dhlothi), n. 5. Natal tobacco
(from being largely grown in the um-
Dhloti district).

Dhlova v. — dhlovadhlova, dhlovula.

isi-Dhlova, n. Wild, furious, savagely-
acting person, or animal, as a dog or
wild-beast, or some wild-tempered peo-
ple. Cp. isi-Dhlangudhlangu.

Dhl&vadhlova, v. Pitch into a thing (ace.)
in a wild, savage, infuriated manner, as
a wild-beast wlien fighting, or a man
acting or talking wildly when enraged
= dhlovula. Cp. dhlanga.

Dhlovo dhlovo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dhlo-

voza.
Dhlovoza, v. = hlofoza; fohloza.

i-nDhlovu, n. Elephant [MZT. in-zovu; Ni.
n-dzovu; Go. nzofu; Ga. njovu; Chw.
Hon; Her. o-ndyou; Reg. njou; San.
jongtva; Kwafi. endoma; Ma. oldome;
Bari. tome; Sw. tenibo, elephant; nguvu,
strength].

Phr kw'ehla indhlovu .' there came down
an elephant! — remark made upon the
appearance of a girl with small buttocks (a
mark of ugliness with the Natives), the ele-
phant being conspicuous for the smallnesa
of its hinder quarters.

ukw-enxa (taia, ngena, etc.) ngendlilomi-ya-
ngena, to do (take, come in, etc.) like an
elephaut coming in, t. e. in the manner of an
invading enemy, in a wild, forcible manner.

irnxitafa (ixdnkomo) ngcndhlorn-yangcnn,
he seized them (the cattle) by simply, wildly

V

be gathered together - - may be said in
ference to the contentions of relatives

DHL

coming in and taking them, by violence, by
force.

indhlovu iu-ilc, xipelclr tonke ixixwe xiije
'htxepula fcuyo, the elephant has fallen and
all the tribes have turned out, every man-
jack of them, gone to pull off a bit of it
where the carcase is, there will the vultures

rc-
over
the property of a deceased man.

P. indhlovu idhla abasondexeli, the elephant
eats up those who approach very near (not
wildly attacking like a liou) — may be said
of a chief who comes down suddenly on his
courtiers, or who turns the tables on his
enemies who had thought to better him.

um-Dhlovu (generally in plur. im-Dhlovu),
n. 5. Horn or horns of an ox when
growing with the points downwards so
as nearly to touch the jaws, but not
hanging loose as the ama-Hlawe.

i-nDhlovudalana or Dhlovudawana, n. Spe-
cies of wart-hog or long-tusked bush-
swine (Potamochcerus chaeropotamus).

Dhlovu dhlovu, ukuti (ukuti), v. = dhlovu-
za.

i-nDhlovukazi (s.k.),n. Female elephant-
used as a term of honour to a woman
of very high rank, as a chief's mother;
or to any woman of an unusually big
size.

Dhlovu la, v. Be wild, rough, furious or
violent towards (ace. of person) = dhlo-
va; cp. dhlamuluka.

i-nDhlovula, n. Rough, wild, savage treat-
ment or behaviour, as above; person of
a wild, savage, violent temperament, as
above = isi-Dhlova.

Ex. wangidhla indhlovula, ha turned ou me
like a savage, pitched into me (with his
tongue) in a wild, overbearing manner, al-
though I had done nothing.

isigewelegcwele y'ilo/ro ndhla umtmtu m-
dhlovula, an isiycwcleycuxle is one who takes
to himself the property of a person by force.

i-nDhlovunda, n. Wild, angry person.

um-Dhlovune, n. 5. Fever-tree, a large tree
growing in Swaziland, having light green
leaves and smooth bark, and said to be
a good specific for malaria — um-Dhlo-
vunga.

um-Dhlovunga, n. 5. = um-Dhlovune.

um-Dhlovunya, n. 5. = um-Dhlovune.

um-Dhiovutwa (Dhlovuthwa), n. 5. Certain
tree, said to cause fatal umkuhlane to
anybody standing near it. Comp. um-
Dhlebe.

Dhlovuza, /•. Stab about, on a person (ace.),
as when giving him more than one stab
in quick succession, or when thrusting

104 DHL

the assegai about in the same wound =
ukuti dhlovu dhlovu.

Ex. ulcufa ki/yanyidhlovuxa lapa, the dis-
ease is stabbing me about just here = I
am troubled with a stabbing pain.

Dhloza, or Dhlozela, v. = dhlozomela.

isi-Dhlozane, n. Violence of manner, as
when wildly attacking a person or tear-
ing anything from him.

i(li)-Dhlozi, n. Spirit of a man, when gone
from the body in death; ancestral spirit,
i. e. spirit of some former member of.
the family = i(li)-Tongo; cp. um-Lozi-
kazana; um-Zimu. [Skr. dyaxis, sky;
Lat. deus, gHcT " L6 w Lat. dusius, demon;
Gr. zeus, theos, god; Ga. mgogwi, spirit;
Gi. li-koka; Gan. i-kisi; Nywe. u-kishi,
God; Her. mu-sisi, ancestral spirit; Ya.
li-soka, spirit; Gal. i-pasa; Sw. pepo,
spirit — in Zulu witchcraft the plant
burnt in honour of the ama-dhlozi is
called im-pepo].

Phr. ixwe elifulatelwe amadhloxi, a lonely,
deserted place, without inhabitants.

unedhloxi clikulu, or likulu idhloxi lake,
he has a powerful (lit. great) ancestral spi-
rit (looking after him), or his (guardian)
spirit is mighty — said of some person who
has been uncommonly fortunate, in coming
unscathed through danger, sickness, etc.

P. akuhlhloxi lay'endhlini, layeka kicabo,
there is no ancestral-spirit who ever went
into (another) hut and left his own = as
our ancestral-spirits exist, so surely will they
help us; or, each looks after his own.

N.B. The i-dhloxi is the uearest approach
the Zulus have to the idea of a 'God.' The
u-Nkulunkulu (q. v.) or 'first man,' who is
said to have 'made the world,' is nowadays
merely a nursery-myth, neither trusted in
nor cared for. He seems to have created
mankind and vanished altogether from their
further experience; for the government to-
day is certainly not in his hands, but en-
tirely in those of the ama-dhloxi. These
spiritual beings are the benevolent or ma-
levolent 'Providence' of the Zulu, according
as they be pleased or displeased with the
conduct of the living. They are the supreme
feature of whatever religion he still retains
— all his faith is founded on them; all his
worship is directed towards them; all his
hopes and fears are centred in them. Pros-
perity, preservation of health, misfortune,
and even death, are matters arranged by
them. According to the Zulu system, every
person, even a child, becomes after death a
spirit or little god of this description. He
does not sever connection with this earth —
for the simple reason that the Zulu could
scarcely imagine the existence oi any place

DHL

105

DHL

apart from it — but 'becomes' oue or other
of certain specified and harmless creatures
— as non-venomous snakes, lizards, ;uid
the like — all of which are well-known and
everywhere duly respected.

It would be interesting to know whether
there is really no relationship traceable be-
tween the Zulu word i-dhlm i and the Skr.
dyaus, sky (Z = i- :////<); Gr. fheos, god;
and L. deus, god.

i-nDhlozi, n. Serval or tiger-cat ( Leo-par dus

serval) [Bo. suzl; Pers. youze, cheetah].

isi-Dhlozi, n. Nape of the neck=isi-Jingo.

Dhlozomela, v. Seize, take violent hold or
possession of a person (ace.) or thing, as
a wild-beast seizing a man, a hawk seiz-
ing a fowl, or a person seizing a thief;
take violent hold of an affair (ace), i. e.
take it up or dispute about it vigorously
without any right or business therein=
xozotnela. C\>. dhlukula ; bozomela ; isi-
Dhlozane.

Dhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go deep into, pe-
netrate, as a thorn into the foot, or a
person's foot into soft moist soil.

i-nDhlu,w. Any kind of artificial dwelling
of man or beast— hence, hut, house,
nest, web, hole, etc.; house, in sense of
family, descendants, race, etc. [Goth.
hus, house; Lat. cedes, house; Chw. n-tlu;
Na. o-ka-ndyu; Cong, in-du; Her. o-
ndyuo (comp. Her. tunga, build) ; Ny we.
lum; Heh. i-jumbi; Nyamb. njo; Suk.
numba; Kamb. i-sumba; Ga. Sw. Kag.
nyumba; Ku. i-nupa; Ze. ng'anda; Tu.
tiinzo; Ang. inzo; At. He].

Ex. owendhlu, one of the hut or family.

aba'ndhlu'nyc, those of one hut or family
i. e. of the same mother.

abendhlwenye, those of a different hut or
family i. e. of another mother (though of same
father).

wma wendhlu ende! you of a great house! —
as of a royal house.

siyahlwpeka tind'ndhlu emnyamd, we
are afflicted, we (of) the black race.

indhlu ka' Smxangakona iyakuprla umeobo-
ko, the house of Senzangakona will come to
an end (by reason of) scrofula.

sitate, usi'se endhlint hwami, take it to
my hut.

isi-Dhluba (Dhlubha) n. Clump, as of mea-
lies growing thickly in one spot in a
field, or of tambootie-grass, and similar
things (not of trees or people)=m-
Dhlunga.

isi-Dhlubu, n. Garden planted with the fol-
lowing.

A7. B. A girl may not pass through such a
garden during her period of menstruation, or

after having eaten meat, lent all the nut.- BO
rotten ! b

u(lu), or i-nDhlubu, n. Kind of ground-
nut, planted and much liked by Natives.
Cp. i(li)-Ntongomana. [Reg. mabungu,
round ground-nut; Sw. njugu nyasa
ground-nut].

Phr. uku-keta indhlubu ekasini, to pick
out the nut from its shell, i. e. exclude a
person from one's concern or society on ac-
count of his being of another tribe or fa-
mily.

Dhlubulenenda, v. = dhlubulunda.

Dhlubulunda, v. Act under a sudden im-
pulse of revolt, as when breaking vio-
lently away, kicking against control, do-
ing perversely what one has just been
told not to do, etc. = ukuti dhlubulu-
ndu.

Ex. yadhlubulwidela enqoleni, it (the bul-
lock) broke away, freed itself by violence
and made off, from the wagon.

Dhlubulundu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dhlubu-
lunda.

Ex. bengingatandi ukuhamba, ug'/'-./m
intlixiyo is'ite dhlubulundu, ngahamba, I was

not wanting to go, but I felt my heart
say 'break away!' 'revolt!' and off' I went.

i-nDhlubundhlubu (Dhlubhundhlubhu), n.

Thing that has lost its consistency, cohe-
sion or firmness, separating up into
parts, as a rotten skin, sodden meat, a
moth-eaten garment, or food of a wash-
ed-out nature having an excess of
water and consequent disintegration
of parts and insipidness of flavour. Cp.
i-nKamfunkamfu; i-n Cosuncos //.

um-Dhludhlu, n. 5. Assegai having a long
blade-shank but only small blade (=
i-nDhlodhlela) ; cowr given to breaking
away when being milked.

Dhluku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v.— dhlukula.

Dhlukula (s.k.),v. Take up or take away
a thing with a violent breaking away,
seize up, or seize away, as a person
suddenly snatching up a child (ace.)
awray from some danger, or dragging
away the blanket from another, or as
oxen starting a wagon with a sudden
violent jerk. Cp. hlwita; dhlozomela.

isi-Dhlukula, n. Bunch of feathers worn
on the top of or dangling behind the
bead, as an ornament (= isi-Dhlodhlo ;
cp. ubu-Tekwane) ; one who takes or
seizes with violence.

Dhlula, v. Pass, in all its meanings; hence,
go on ahead ; go by, pass anything
(ace); pass on from (with ku); pass

DHL

along by, pass through, as a Hold or
kraal (with loc.) ; pass beyond, exceed
the line of rectitude, legality, etc.; sur-
pass, as another (ace.) in any matter of
comparison or rivalry (=eqa); pass
over, as a time of affliction; pass away,
die; often used in the sense of 'and
yet', 'nevertheless', 'besides'.

Ex. uyise wamtshela; adhlulr 'enxe nje!
his father told him; he just goes oil (= not-
withstanding) and docs it.

umfundisi uyasifundisa; kepa
kas'axi 'Into, the teacher teaches us

sidhlula
and yet
we know nothing.

ttyaptixn njcUo ngokudhlulileyo, or ngoku-
il/ilul/sa, you always drink to excess, in a
manner that is beyond the bounds.

mus'ukudhlula pe\u kwamaxwi enkosi,
you mustn't proceed and do in spite of,
or in opposition to, the words of the chief.

yaslto pantsi, yasho pexulu, yadhlula
(ingane), it (the child) gave off below and
gave off above, and passed on i. e. died.

Phr. ukudhhda nayo into, to pass along
with a thing, i. c. carry it off either actually
or practically, by destroying it, as an impi
might field-produce taken or destroyed
along its course.

P. okwamuva kudhlul'okwatt/undulo, the
last surpasses the first (may be used as a
threat of vengeance which shall exceed the
injury).

tcadlilula ngendhhi ifakiwa, kwabamba
'r/ondo (= kawabamba, the a in the contract-,
ed form having the ' full ' sound), he pass-
ed by a hut while being built and didn't
tie a knot, i. e. and didn't lend them a
hand, which little courtesy is expected by
Native etiquette of every passer-by — said of
an unsympathetic, feelingless person who
hasn't the manners of a true man, who would
see a fellow-being in difficulty and merely
pass by unconcerned.

i(li)-Dhlula, n. Certain plant growing in
woods, whose roots are used as an
inTelezi; small quantity of already fer-
mented beer which, along with some
malt, is mixed into other unfermented
worts, in order to induce rapid fermen-
tation (= isi-Xubo).

um-Dhlula, n. 5. Kind of trap, built of a
fence with apertures through which
buck, etc., may pass and be caught by
a string. Cp. urn-Wowane.

in-Dhlulamiti (Dhlulamithi), n. Giraffe
(lit. the thing that surpasses trees in
height).

Dhlulisa, v. Do in excess, pass the line of
propriety, lawfulness, etc., as when jok-
ing or drinking.

ama-Dhluludhlulu, //. Lumps or small

106 DHL

round masses forming in porridge or
similar food when cooking.

i-nDhlulundhlulu, n. = i-nDhluluza.

Dhluluza, or Dhluluzela, v. Look or see
things in an indistinct, dazed manner,
out of focus, so as to mistake their real
position or nature, as a man dazed or
drunk, or with one eye injured, or with
the eyes full of smoke, so that the ob-
jects appear obscurely and in untrue
positions. Cp. nduluza.

i-nDhluluza, n. Eye, sightless and gene-
rally grown abnormally large and pro-
truding, through injury or disease =
i-nDhlulundhlulu. See i-nDhlundhlu.

Dhlumbu, ukuti (Dhlumbhu, ukuthi), v. —
ukuti dhlabe.

um-Dhlume, n. 5. Light dusty-brownish
snake with darkish stripes, and non-
venomous, though large.

i(li)-Dhlundhlu, n. Young man who thinks
much of himself, is puffed up with self-
conceit, and making it chiefly conspic-
uous by his high talk (C. N.).

i-nDhlundhlu, n. Self-conceit, stuck-uppish-
ness, haughty pride, such as is said (by
the Natives) to be a prominent charac-
teristic of the Kafir policeman.

Ex. otwele indhlundhlu, one who is puffed
up with self-conceit.

oif indhlundhlu (ngeso), one who is puffed
up with his own greatness (of eye) — used
as a term of derision of one who has an
i-nDhluluza, q. v.

Dhlundhluteka (Dhlundhlutheka), v. Do
anything, go, walk, etc., in a 'blind',
wandering, uncertain, erratic kind of
way, as a blind or drunken man stray-
ing about not knowing where, or a per-
son searching in an uncertain, groping
way all over the place for something
that is plain before him = dhlundhluea.

isi-Dhlundhluteka (Dhlundhlutheka), n.
Blind kind of person, going groping
aimlessly about, unable to see what is
plain before him.

Dhlundhluza, v. = dhlundhluteka.

Dhlunga, v. Talk out everything in a wild,
unrestrained, regardless, violent manner,
as a young-man of a wild, unprincipled
character. Cp. pahluka.

isi-Dhlunga, n. One given to wild, violent,
unrestrained talking, as above (cp. isi-
Pahluka); such manner of action; a
clump, as of mealies or grass (= isi-
Dhluba).

i(li), or isi-Dhlungandhlebe, or Dhlungu-
ndhlebe, n. = i(li)-Ptmgandhlebe.

i-nDhlunkulu (loc. e-nDhlunkulu; s.k.),n.

DHL

107

DHL

Chief hut, i. e. the hut of the i-nKosikazi
duly appointed ; family belonging to this
hut; kraal attached and subject to this
hut, therefore the great kraal.

N.B. The indhlwnkulu is the hut occupied
by the inkosikaxd or chief wife of the kraal.
The great wife, iu the ease of ehiefs, is
ehosen by them in consultation with the
headmen of the tribe, at any time after they
have become 'full-grown men' by the putting
on of the headring, and therefore this 'great
wife' is rarely the chief's first wile.

Along with and at the same time as the
inkosikaxi, there are further appointed ano-
ther wife to be the i(li)-Kohlwa or i(li)-Kohh,
and a third to be the i(li)-Nqadi.

The inqadi is a kind of supplementary
'great wife', so that in case of the indhlu-
nkulu failing to provide an heir or inkosana,
tho eldest male of the inqadi hut becomes
chief inheritor on his father's death. The
hut of the great wile being always at the
higher end of the kraal, that of the inqadi
wife is built near it, on the left hand side
looking towards the gate.

But good means are always taken for pre-
venting a failure on the part of the indhlu-
rikulu to provide an heir. For in case the
great wile may have given birth to no male
issue, the chief remedies the deficiency by
taking a new wife, whom he places in the
great hut and whose duty it becomes to
produce male offspring for that hut. Her
sou then becomes inkosana or heir, and is
regarded as the actual son (horn by proxy)
of the great wife. The real mother of this
boy, along with any further wives who may
have been 'put in' or attached to the indhlu-
nkulu — a number of these always existing
— are provided with separate huts in the
upper part of the kraal on the left hand or
inqadi side, looking down towards the gate,
and are known as ama-Bibi.

The ikohlwa wife occupies the second place
of dignity in the kraal, and will oftentimes
be the chief's 'first love'. She, and all other
subordinate wives attached to her household
(ama-Bibi), is entirely independent of, and
in no way connected with the great wife and
her indhlunkulu. The ikohlwa portion of
the kraal, therefore, has nothing to do with
the provision of an heir for the chieftainship
and has no part in the personal property of
the chief, all of which pertains solely to the
indhlunkulu. To prevent any jealousy, how-
ever, the chief usually permits the eldest
son or inkosana of the ikohlwa side, so soon
as he is grown up to man's estate, to with-
draw with his portion of the great kraal
and to establish a new and independent
kraal for himself elsewhere, giving him at
the same time some portion ot the tribe

with authority over them, always of course
subject to his own or his chief sou'> pafa-
mountcy. So long as they remain within
the enclosure of the great kraal, the ikohlwa,
with the various huts attached to it, are
built on the right side, looking down from
the indhlunkulu to the gate. One of the
wives attached to the ikohlwa is appointed
to be the inqadi of that branch of the fa-
mily; and in case of failure of mule issue
in the real ikohlwa hut, the eldest son of
this inqadi inherits the position and pro-
perty.

Apart from, and in rank below all these
a certain hut is appointed as the isi-Zinda,
q. v.

um-nDhlunkulu (s. k.; no plur.), n. 5. Girl,
or girls (collectively) sent up as tribute
to the chief and living in his kraal until
married off by him to his favourites,
who pay the lobola to him.

N.B. The indhlunkulu, and ikohlwa, and

inqadi in every kraal of importance in Zu-
luland was required to present to the king
at least one grown-up girl. This girl was
sent to one or other of the chief's numerous
kraals, lived there with the other girls in a
similar position — forming the um-nDhlu-
nkulu of that kraal — and ceased entirely
to be any longer the property of her natural
lather. She belonged to the chief, and did
the work of the kraal — the chief's wives
and their children not being expected to
work — and it she chanced to be good-
looking, was taken to wife by the chief him-
self; otherwise she was made a present of
by him to any favourite, or sold by him for
lobola to any one with a chance who might
bid for her.

Dhlunye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do anything
excessively or in unusually great degree,
as a woman cooking an over-abundance
of food (ace), a doctor administering an
overdose of medicine (with nga) to a
person (ace), or a thorn penetrating
unusually deep into the foot of a person
(ace.) = dhlunyeka.

Dhlunyeka (s.k.),v. = ukuti dhlunye.
Dhlunyekeka (s.k.), v. Get doneexcessively,
as above.

u(lu)-Dhlutshana (s. t.), n. Small veldt-plant,
having violet daisy-like flower and high-
ly poisonous roots, sometimes used me-
dicinally for chest and head complaints,
for trichinosis, and as an enema.

i-nDhlu-yenkonjane (s. k.), n. Dimple, as
on the cheek of a plump-faced child =
i-nKonjane.

i-nDhlu-yengwe, //. One of the regiment
formed by Mpande next after u-Nokenke

DHL

q. t. and from which the i(li)-Ktrentu,
u-Nqakamatshe, ist-Pikili, and i-m Vuem-
iiyama sub-regiments were detached.

i-nDhlu-yesikova (yesikhova), n. Unformed
ibuto following the i-nDuku-ka' Qwaba-
landa and which would have consisted
of that intanga of boys who in 1901
were about nine years old.

i-nDhluzele, n. Hartebeest (Antilope Ca-
ama).

Dhluzula, i'. Drag or pull away anything
(ace.) with force or violence; talk or
reply in a violent manner. See below.

i-nDhluzula, ft. Violence, in any action or
speech.

F.x. wangitatela ngendhluxula, he started
at me in a violent, enraged manner.

isi-Dhlwabidhlwabi, ?i. Wild, violent, rough-
ly indifferent person (= isi-Dhlangu-

dhlangu); ravenous,

devouring

eater

(= isi-Dhlakudhla).
Dhlwabiza, or Dhlwabizela, v. Do, go a-
long, etc., in a wild, rough manner, as
above.

isi-Dhlwadhlwa, n. Sweet ama-Zele water,
mixed up with um-Caba. Comp. u-Hle-
lenjwayo.

Dhlwambi, ukuti (Dhlwambhi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti dhlabe.

i-nDhlwandhlwa, n. Hide-scraper = isi-
Hlabo.

i(li)-Dhlwani, n. = i(li)-Ndhlwane.

i-nDhlwanya, n. Deadly threat (C.N.).

u(lu)-Dhlwayi, n. Tall, scraggy-bodied per-
son = u(lu)-Dhlwayimba.

u(lu)-Dhlwayimba (Dhhvayimbha),n. =
u(lu)-Dhlwayi.

Dhlwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Feel revived, re-
freshed, as after eating a meal when
very hungry and fatigued (see hlume-
lela) ; feel eased, with new life, as when
pain has been reduced by some medicine,
or gone away (cp. ukuti lotololo); be a
little in advance in size, a little bigger
than (with ku, or generally alone = uku-
ti tutu).

Ex. wa/ngipa okicokupuxa, ng'exwa sekute
dhlwe, he gave me something to drink, and
J felt all my vigour now return.

enyc ineane (inkonyand), enye tie dhlwe,
one is small (of the calves), the other is a
bit bigger.

u-Dhlwedhlwe, n. Long stick or staff, such
used by old men = u(lu)-Boko.

Dhlweza, v. — ukuti dhlwe.

Di, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Act in a nonchalant,
perfectly indifferent, regardless, fearless
manner, as when speaking, sitting, etc.

108 DI

izi-Dibi (Dibhi; no sing.), n. — izi-Bidi.
um-Dibi, n. 5. Irregular or disorderly
mingling or mixing-up together, as of
things that by their nature or by custom
are kept apart, as boys and girls in a
school, big cattle and their calves, etc.

Ex. ixinkomo ■iiamhla xipmne xi umdibi,
kanye namankonyana, the cattle to-day have
gone out all mixed up with the calves.

kwesakubo isikale kuba umdibi kanye na-
bafana namantombaxana, in their school it is
an indiscriminate mixing-up of boys and girls.

u(lu)-Dibi, n. Carrying or baggage boy.
N.B. Every boy in Zululand, between
the ages of 9 and 15 about, had to become
an u-dibi and do the carrying for the fight-
ing-men or ama-buto. At the end of this
term of service, he would get drafted into a
newly formed regiment, aloug with all others
in Zululand of approximately the same age.

ubu-Dibi,rc. = u(lu)-Titi.

i-nDibilishana, n. Small penny i.e. half-
penny, or farthing.

i-nDibilishi, n. Penny [D. dubbeltje],

u-Dibintlango (s. t.), n. == u-Jubingqwanga.

izi-Dibiza (Dibhiza), n. = izi-Bidi.

Dica, v. Fling down, or make lie down in
a dead, flaccid manner, as a wet cloth
(ace), or a person thoroughly exhausted ;
make to fall or lie prone and ruined
anything which by nature stands erect,
as an army 'cutting down' the enemy
(ace), a destroyer trampling or casting
down the crops in a field, or (by com-
parison) a person cutting down his
crops prematurely and before ripe on
account of locusts or an expected inva-
sion = ukuti did; dieiza.

Dica, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be altogether with-
out strength, ready to collapse, faint, as
from complete exhaustion, fright, or di-
minished heart-action = ukuti lisa. Cp.
cobeka; fehleka.

um-Dica, n. 5. Anything lying prone in a
dead, strengthless, limp-bodied, loosely-
hanging way, as above — see dica.

DYci, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dica.

Dieiza, v. — dica.

Dida, v. Put out (ace), as when reckoning ;
confuse, as a lot of people addressing a
person together.

Didakala (s.k.),v. Be put out; be confused,

as above.
Didakalisa (s.k.),v. = dida.

Dideka (s. k.), v. Get put out; get confused,
as above (see dida).

Ex. sengididekile ifilexi'xibalo, I am now
all in a fog with these figures.

Dl

109

Dl

X

i(li), or um-Didi, n. 5. Rectum/ of man (see
um-Tshazo).

Ex. ukwelwe ididi, he suffers from prolap-
sus ani.

N.B. The umtakati watches for his victim
goiug out to stool. He theu stealthily goes
and takes the ton-Xcuno (q. v.) of the person,
mixes it with certain medicines and goes
through some other processes at home, with
the result that the said victim, however far
away he may be, immediately discovers that
something has gone wrong with his rectum !

isi-DTdi (Diidi), n. Great number of things
standing in a mass, as a large herd of
cattle or multitude of people, or kraals.

Di dt dl', ukuti (ukuthi),v. Give rise to the
dull, heavy sound of di, i. e. the thud or
patter made by a footstep ; hence, tread,
stamp, patter, and the like; give forth
such a sound, as the earth when stamped
or heavily trodden upon f= ukuti gi gi
gi); make a general pattering, move
about in a lively, excited manner bustle
about, as women beer-making, (= qiqi-
zela, didizela); run about or run off in
an excited, confused manner, make a
general stampede, as people when an
impi is reported = didizela. Comp. gi-
gizela.

ubu-Dididi, n. Lively, excited moving or
running about, as when a fight is on,
or a lot of children are playing.

Didiyela, v. Do two or more things at a
time, which usually or properly should
have been done separately, or kept apart,
as e. g. a waiter bringing in two courses
(ace.) at once, a master giving a boy
several months wages at a time, a man
cutting off from the beast a double joint
at one stroke.

Ex. mus'ukudidiyela i\ itsha xomlungu
mxabantu, you mustn't take together, or
mix up together (it may be 'wash' together,
in this particular case) the vessels of the
whitemau and of (his) Kafirs.

umnumxana wmndidiycla hnbando yombili,
the kraal-head 'doubled' her (his wife) with
both halves of the hide (whereas it would
have been usual for her to have received
only one, and some other wife the other).

udidiyela abanye abantu, inganti ng'tt/re,
you bring in or add in (the names of) other
people, whereas it is you (alone).

Didizela, v. = ukuti di di di.

Didizelisa, v. Causative of didizela — to
drive about in confusion, send off in a
general scamper or stampede, scatter,
rout, as an impi might an enemy (ace).

i(li)-Didwa, n. Temporary post stuck up
inside a hut to support the framework

while building; any of the permanent
sideposts.

i(li), or isi-Difiza, n. = isi-Difikezi.

isi-Difikezi (s.k.),n. Big, heavy, clumpy
thing, as a swollen hand, a club-foot, a
flat-bottomed, too heavily shaped vessel ;
big, heavy-bodied person = isi-Difiza.

Dikadika (s. k.), v. Deal with, pitch into,
do for anything (ace.) in a vigorous,
spirited, thorough manner, as a man
thrashing soundly one weaker than him-
self, when dealing vigorously with a big
piece of work, when feasting heartily
on nice food, or when stabbing a beast
thoroughly with much energetic action
of the assegai. Cp. tikatika.

isi-Dlkadika (s.k.),n. Any big, weighty
thing, a 'proper' specimen of its kind,
as a great heavy bundle to be carried,
a large joint of meat, or a serious affair;
a lifeless body, carcase, corpse, such as
of man or beast when found on the
veldt, or after a battle (not gen. when
dying or slaughtered at home).

i(li)-Dikazi (s.k.),v. Young widow eligible
for marriage, or about to be married
again = i-Cakazi, i-nJuba. Comp. nm-
Fehvakazi; i(li)-Pumandhlu.

i-nDiki (s. k.), n. Little finger with the last
joint cut off, as is the distinguishing
mark of some tribes, as the ama-Bomvu.
See i(li)-Ndiki.

Phr. ityakuicuiiquma (iMHuntcc), itbe indiki,
you will cut it off (your finger) and become
an indiki (stump-fingered person) — before
you have the courage to do what you say
= I should just like to see you! — as when
daring a person in a quarrel to do what he
says he will do.

Dikibala (s. k.), v. Be tired out, 'sick' of
doing or trying anything, as of correct-
ing an incorrigible child, or with food
(used in perf.). Cp. tikibala; dinwa.

DYki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Quiver, trem-
ble, vibrate (= dikiza); fall flat with a
thudding sound, as any blunt instru-
ment which does not penetrate, but
merely knocks (diki!) when thrust
against anything (= dikimeza); to eat
oneself chock-full, so as not to be able
to put away any more (= dikiza).

Ex. igeja lami lisimxe liti diki panisi,
my hoe just comes down with a thud <>u
the ground, i. e. is quite blunt.

sad/da sati diki, we ate till we had filled
ourselves. — shown by our leaving some food
in the dish = sadhla sakushiya.

akusati diki kimi, it no longer quakes
within me = I no longer fear.

Dl

110

Dl

DVkidiki (s.k.),adj. Loosely, limply, pow-
erlessly hanging, as a person's arm
when paralysed or thoroughly exhausted.

Ex. imikono iVidikidiki, (my) arms are
now quite fagged out — from tiring work.

Dikila (s. /,:), r. Refuse or reject a thing
(ace), or refrain from doing anything
through being in the 'huffs', as to eat,
talk, work, go, etc. = kalala, duba.

i-nDikili (s.k.),n. Any blunt or stumpy-
pointed thing, as hoe or unpointed stick
(set' iik iiti di/ii); a 'blunt' pot i.e. one
that doesn't quickly boil, through being
too thick at the bottom (see ubu-Kali)
= i-nDikindiki, i-nDikiva.

isi-Dikili (s. k.), n. Small veldt-plant (La-
siosiphon Meisneri) having small white
umbel and silvery -green leaves, and
whose pungent roots are used for snake-
bite, some fevers, and as an enema.

Dikimeza (s. k.), v. Come down flop or flat,
not sharp and penetrating, as a blunt
hoe or stump of wood = ukuti diki,
ukuti (Untsi.

isi, or i-nDikimezi (s.k.),n. Any blunt,
stump of a thing, that won't pierce or
cut, as a hoe, horns of a beast with the
points cut, man's leg with the foot (or
sharpness) off, or any unpointed thing
that comes down with a flat thud =
ixi-Dukumezi.

i-nDikimba, (Dikimbha), n. The bulk, i. e.
the main or larger quantity, of anything;
bulkiness, bigness, largeness of quan-
tity; main 'body' i.e. main facts, essen-
tial points, of an affair. Cp. isi-Bili.
[Bo. ndidi, truly].

Ex. uyababaxa lexo (ixingubo), kantikawu-
kaboni indikimba yaxo, you open your mouth
at those fclothes), but you have not yet seen
the bulk or main quantity of them (which
is locked in the store).

indikimba yaxo i ixinkomc)yadhliica uMusi,
the hulk of them (the cattle) were iuherited
by Musi.

kabasuti ngani, loku indikimba yalo (ipa-
lishi) i 'a; /a ku, why is it they do not get
enough, when the amount (or bulk) of it
(the porridge) is so much?

asikfexioa indikimba yah (ieala), we have
not yet heard its 'body' (i. c. main facts that
go to make up the case).

i-nDikindiki (s.k.),n. Any blunt-edged, or
stumpy-pointed thing, as a much-worn
hoe (not generally used of a knife =
irnJundu), an unpointed stake, etc.;
oking-pot that doesn't quickly boil /=
xDikili, i-nDikiva); any tasteless food,
from nature or want of flavouring (=
nkudnma); immense quantity of food,

as beer or meat at a feast (cp. ama-
Damu); any shaky, jelly-like thing (==
i-nTikintiki).

isi-Dikinyane ($. k.), n. Bodily faintness,
sickly powerlessness, from excessive
fatigue, as when one feels quite ill, un-
able to eat, etc. (with ukuba no).

i-nDikiva (s.k.),n. = i-nDikili, i-nDiki-
ndiki.

Dikiza (s. k.), v. Tremble, as a man from
fear, or as distant-thunder ; vibrate, as
a bridge when anything heavy crosses;
shake, as jelly when carried; quiver, as
sheet-lightning; twitch, have muscular
twitching s, as an animal dying (= ukuti
diki); eat food in great abundance till
one can't eat any more (leaving some un-
eaten = uku-zi-tika). fSw. tikisika,
tremble ; Her. teketa, tremble].

Ex. kade sikumemexa, ungadikixi na'kudi-
kixa, we've been calliug you ever so long
and you haven't moved a muscle.

sidikixe saiiikixa, sakushiya, we crammed
it away till we couldn't get iu anymore,
and left it.

Dikoza (s. k.), v. Say spiteful, malicious
things (C.N.).

isi-Dikozi (s. k.), n. Grudge, spite, ill-will,
malice (C.N.).

i(li)-Dikwe (loc. eDikwe), n. Any 'uneat-
able' food or drink, whether from unfit-
ness or nasty taste.

Ex. irasibekela idikwe layixolo, he set be-
fore us uneatable food (cold and insipid)
from yesterday.

mus'ukwpuxa kona, kus'edikwe, dou't drink
there, it is at an uudrinkable place (because
it is there we bathe, or wash our clothes).

amanzi akona aC idikwe, the water there is
unfit for drinking purposes.

isi-Dikwe (s.k.), n. One who dwells on
the same spot for an unusually long
time, not occasionally shifting his kraal
from place to place.

Phr. isikundhla somnamatela, njeng'esabele-
twa uKenkeni, the sittiug-place of a stick-
faster — like that which Kenkeui carried
on his back (the reference here is to some
ancient fairy-tale of the Zulus, and the say-
ing is now applied to such a man as above).

Dili, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = dilika; diliza.

i(li)-DTli (Diili),n. Great multitude or mass
abundantly about on all sides, as of
food at a feast (cp. ama-Damu), people
flocking into or attending an assembly,
etc.

Ex. kaku'nkomo, idili nje, it isn't cattle
at all, it's an idili (extraordinary multitude),
= cattle's not the word for it.

Dl

ngivinjelwe amadili amaeala, I hare been
blocked out by the unusual number of ca-
ses (to be tried).

P. idili I'enxiwe ng'umnimlo, the feast
(i.e. abundance of food) is caused by its
owner [i.e. by his generosity) — a word in
praise of his liberal hospitality.

Dilika (s. k.), v. Fall to pieces, fall down,
fall in, as anything constructed of stone,
plaster, earth, etc. ; lose flesh, let fall
superfluous fat, as a stout person ; be
in great abundance, 'fallen all about', as
cattle, food, cases for trial, etc. (the
state, in all cases is expressed by the
perf. tense — dilikile) [Her. sir big a,
fall in].

Dilikici, ukuti (ukiithi; s. k.), v. Fall, or be
fallen, in a flaccid, lifeless sprawl on the
ground, as the body of a man or small
animal, a snake sleeping on the road,
or a wet skin flung on the ground (not
applicable to any rigid object, or to any
large-sized animal falling heavily or
lying in a great heap, as a bullock ==
ukuti giligiqi). Cp. ukuti did; ukuti
dixi.

Ex. ngamfumanisa etc dilikici endhlini, I
found him sprawled in a limber, lifeless
manner (not stretched out in an orderly
fashion as when sleeping) in the hut.

Dilinga, v. Make round or into a ball, as
a piece of clay (ace); invent a falsehood
or false story (not exactly to 'tell a lie'
or single untrue word, which would
scarcely want 'making or rounding up')
= bulling a (bhulunga) [Sw. viriganisha,
rounden ; m-viringo, a circle].

i-nDilinga, n. Round thing, whether ball
or disc shaped (comp. i-mBulunga) ; an
invention, fabricated i. e. false statement
or story = i-nDingilizi [Sw. m-viringo,
circle"}.'

Ex. inyanga is'ig'indilinga, the moon is
now a ball i. e. is full = is'tdindile, is'idi/i-
ngene.

imgiletele indilinga nje! woba mdala, ngi-
fung'uMpande, you just bring me a story
trumped up by yourself ! you will be old
(a person of experience, when you have got
what I shall give you some day), by Mpande
you will.

Dilingana, v. Form, or form itself, into a
round shape or balls, as the moon, meal
when thrown into the boiling water and
forming lumps, etc. = bulling ana (b hu-
lling ana).

Ex. inyanga is'idUingene, the moon has
now formed itself into ball-shape i. e. is at
the full = is'tdindile, is'ihlangene.

Diliza, v. Make to fall down, fall in, fall

Dl

to pieces, etc.; hence, pull down, knock
down, bring down, as a man or rain
might anything formed of stonework,
plaster, earth, etc. [Her. siringisa, make
fall in].

i-nDima, n. Middling-sized piece of culti-
vated ground, not large enough to be
called a field or i-nTsimu, of which it
may at times be a single strip allotted
to a particular wife [akin to lima, to
hoe — the I and d being interchangeable
in Bantu languages; hence, Lu. ku-dima,
to hoe; Bo. ndima, work].

Phr. us'eiidimeiii yabantu, he is in the
middling-sized place of people, /'. c in the
mean, average, as to size, height, etc.

kanisekuyo eyagixulu; scniaambe enye
indima, you are no longer in the one (iudi-
ma) of yesterday ; you have now planned
another field to plough in (= another story).

ukwala indima, to mark out beforehand
a plot about to be hoed or ploughed (by
running round it with the hoe or plough) =
uku-gaba indima [comp. Ga. c/i-alu, a field].

Dimde, aux. verb. = simze.

Ex. udinuVavume konke, he just agrees to
everything.

isi-Dime, n. Person dumb and idiotic.

u(lu)-Dimi, n. Tongue (now obsolete, ex-
cept in phrases below and in case of
'snake's tongue,' only spoken of in plur.
izi-nDimi, and for which u-limi is never
used). See u(lu)-Limi. [Lu. lu-dimi,
tongue ; Sw. Ga. Bo. etc. lu-limi, tongue ;
plur. n-dimi, tongues — the /, for
euphony, becoming d after the n].

Phr. inyoka in gal i\ a ixindimi, the snake
thrusts out its tongues (from the forks. —
Mark that this d form occurs only in the
plural, and refer to remark on Sw. and cog-
nate languages above).

umuntu o'ndimi'mbili, a double-tongued,
deceptive, wilfully misleading, treacherous
person. See u(li<)-Limi; ion -Bain.

Dina, v. Tire, be irksome to, sicken (me-
taphor.) — generally by excessive, mono-
tonous repetition = pisha, shipa. [Ga.
sima, satisfied].

Ex. ktiyangidina ukwenxa kwalaba'bantu,
it sickens me, this manner of the Natives.

isi-Dina, n, Disagreeableness arising from
too frequent repetition, tiresomeness.

Ex. amadumhi Itucn as'enesidina kifi, these
madumbi are now irksome to us.

seainesidina samadumbi, we are now sick
of dumbis.

Dinda, v. Thrash, beat vigorously, as a
person (ace.) with a stick or switch, or
a heap of mabele for the grain (— bula);

Dl

l>c a useless thing, of no service, be an
i-nDindn (used in perf.); do a useless
work, of no service, make be an i-nDi-
nda; make up one's full term, full size,
etc (comp. ndinda, with which it is
probably akin. The exact meaning of
this word, dinda, is somewhat difficult
to follow ; it is mostly used in reference
to animal procreation and food, seldom
on other occasions).

inkunxi iioku /'dinda inyumbakaxi, the

bull is nil along doing a thing of* no service
to the sterile cow (by constantly mounting it).

ixinkomaxd nonyaka \ id indite, the cows
this year have done a thing of no use, i.e.
they have skipped this season, by not having
been served by the bull.

isijinyi sidindile, kasidhliwa 'intuitu, the
pumpkin-mash has done a useless work, has
become an i-nDinda, it is not eaten by any-
body i.e. is standing idle, cooked for no-
thing, there is nobody who will eat it.

umsebenxi udindile, the work is standing
an i-nDinda, there being nobody to do it
i. c. is standing idle for want of somebody
to take it up.

us'edindile umfa:i ka'Bani, she has made
up her full time, has the wife of So-and-so
i. e. she is now due to give birth.

inyanga is'idindile, the moon has made
up its full term, i. e. is now at the full =
is'ihlangene, is'idilingene.

i(li), or i-nDinda, n. Anything cast away,
as useless, not wanted or cared for by
anybody, as anything found thrown out
on the veldt or lying about neglected
in the kraal (cp. i-mBuqa) ; a buck found
dead in the bush, a woman cast out on
to the world by her husband, meat of
a bush-buck, etc., not eaten by girls, a
discarded pot, would all be named an
i-nDinda.

Dindi or Dindikazi (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = di-
ndinini.

isi-Dindi, n. Cheek-bone (= isi- Dindi seso,
i(U)-Tinidu); clod of entangled roots
and earth, such as is formed beneath a
clump of grass (= isi-Hleke); such a
clump of grass itself (= isi-Qundu; isi-
Dhlunga).

i-nDindibala, n. Any mass or body of
huge, immense proportions, as a man,
hut, heap of mabele (not used of such
things as a forest, field, river, etc. =
u(lu)-Dukada, u(lu)-Dwalaza, etc.).

Dindida.v. Thrash vigorously = dinda.

isi-Dindili.w. Body lying stark-naked (C.N.).

Dindiliza, v. Lie stark-naked (= qungqu-
luz'i; comp. qunguza; nquna); throw
down at full length on the ground, as
a man a girl (ace.) for carnal purposes

Dl

or one boy another when merely play-
ing; lie out dead, as a corpse in a hut,
even when the corpse is covered (used
in perf.) = ukuti dindilizi [Sw. pinda,
dead carcase ; Her. pinyauka, lie in dis-
order].

Ex. ngamfumanisa edindilizile ecaleni
lewomgwaqo, I came across him stretched
dead (even though covered) by the roadside.

wadindilixa iimuntu, sing'azclcle, a man
lay dowD dead, we not haviug paid attention
— said to blame, as it were, the sudden
death of a person.

Dindilizeka (s.k.),v. Get thrown down at
full length, as when one slips in the
mud = ukuti dindilizi.

Dindilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dindiliza;
dindilizeka.
Ex. ■us'ete dindilizi, he already lies dead.

Dindinini, adj. Tasteless; flavourless; flat;

insipid, as food — duma.
Dine, aux. verb. = sinize, dimde.

Dinga, v. Be without, want, need (ace);

be needy, destitute [Sw. taka; Ga. agal-
I la; Her. hepa] — the word has gone

out of use in Zululand through the habit
•of hlonipaing the names of Dingi-

sivayo and Dingane, the word ntula

being there substituted for it.

i-nDinganiso, n. Large-sized i-Qoma (q.v.),
about twro feet or more in breadth, con-
taining nearly half a sack, and used in
the old days for measuring out grain
for sale — about half a dozen of these
baskets filled with corn being deemed
equivalent to a beast = u(lu)-Yengezi.
[see linganisa, from which it is derived].

isi-Dingawoti (Dingawothi), n. Idiot
often used as a term of abuse in the
sense of 'fool' (== isi-Tuta); also, bad
snuff (— isi-Pusha) = isi-Dingidtvane,
isi-Lima.

Dingeka (s. k.), v. Be scarce, not easily
obtainable.

i-nDingi.w. = i-nDingiliza.

Dingida, v. Investigate, enquire into, an
affair (ace.) = titinya.

isi-Dingidwane, n. = isi-Dingawoti.

Dingiliza, v. = ukuti dingilizi, ntingiliza,
dilinga.

Ex. uku-dinyiliza ixwi, to roll together a
word i. e. come to a common agreement as
to what shall be said, as a lot of men goiug
to a trial.

i-nDingiliza, n. Round, ball-shaped thing
(= i-nDilinga, i-nDingilizi) ; Kafir top,
made by thrusting a stick through any
large berry, etc. (= i-nDingi, i-mPimpi-
liza. See bhibha). Cp. isi-Yingelezi.

Dl 11

Dingilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go round; hence,
roll, as a ball; spin, as a top; revolve,
as a wheel ; spin or circle sharply round
on the 'chest,' as the flanks of an ex-
tended impi or line of dancers, so as
to form up group-wise = ukuti ntingi-
lizi. Cp. ukuti yingilizi.

isi, or i-nDingilizi, n. — i-nDingiliza.

i(li), more freq. in pi. ama-Dingolo, n. Any
badly-made earthen vessel too heavily
laden with clay; person having big,
ugly ears, or buttocks, or body generally.

i(li)-Dini, n. = i-Dili.

u(lu)-Dini, n. = u(lu)-Ndi.

Dintsi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. Be or come
down heavily as a dead weight, as a
heavy box falling, or a blunt hoe that
simply falls flatly on the ground, not
penetrating the soil = ukuti gqintsi.
i(li)-Dintsi (s.t.),n. Any very heavy, weighty

thing = i(li)- Gqintsi; i-nZema.
Dinwa, v. Be sickened, tired out, vexed,
as with something irksome. Cp. diki-
bala.

FjX. ngiyadinwa y'ttoku'lcucela kwabcmtu,
I am sickened with this begging of Natives.
sengidiniwe, I am aheady tired out, have
given up trying any more.
Dmye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fill anything (ace.)
into something else (loc); be full, as a
vessel (nom.) with anything (ace), or as
anything (nom.) in a vessel (loc).

Ex. uywayi ngomgaya, ngimuti dinye esi-
tsheni sami, I shall grind the snuff and fill
it into my snuff-box.

nyalifumanisa igida lite dinye amasi, I
found the milk-gourd filled with amasi.

amanxi ami apt? ngiwashiye ati dinye
exitsheni, where is my water? I having left
it full in the pot.
Dipaza (Diphaza), v. = ntipaza.
Dipizisa (Diphizisa), v. Surpass one's
power to comprehend, beat, puzzle (C.N.).
Cp. ntipaza.
isi, or i-nDishela, n. Any tasteless, insipid
mash, porridge, or other thick soft mess
of food. Cp. duma.
i-nDishindishi, n. Person or animal heavily
shaking with fat = i-mBishimbishi, i-
mBishishi, i-nDishishi.
i-nDishishi, n. = i-nDishindishi.
Dishizela, v. Go with the fat shaking or
heavily sinking down at each step, as a
very fat man, or pig = bishizela.

i-nDiva, n. Any cast-away, worthless, neg-
lected thing, as an old pot no longer
used, a wife no longer cared for since
the advent of younger brides, etc. = i-

DO

tnBuqa; i-nDinda. [Sw. hafifu, worth-
less].

Divaza, v. Walk or tramp along weary
and done-up; search wearily about for
a thing (ace.) without finding it; dance
in a bad, heavy, lazy manner, be merely
'stamping.' = duvaza.

Divi, ukuti (ukuthi^ v. (N) = ukuti diki.

i-nDivili, ra. (N) = i-nDikili.

i-riDivindivi, n. (N) = i-nDikindiki.

u(lu)-Diwo, n. = u(lu)-Kamba.

Dixi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dixiza; dixizeka.

Dixiza, v. Make to lie, as below.

Dixizeka (s. k.), v. Lie out on the ground
in a loose, relaxed manner, as an indolent
person lounging lazily in a kraal.

ama-Dixana (no sing.), n. A 'running' with
an excess of any thick liquid, etc.
used as adjective, as below.

Ex. inkosikaxi i'l/iadixana arnafuta, the
wife is just running with fat (with which
she has anointed herself).

DFya (Diiya), v. Cut a straight, even edge
or end on a thing, as when nicely paring
the both ends of a stick, or when cut-
ting even the top or bottom edges of
an isidivaba, or when cutting a piece
of cloth to fit in by measurement.

isi-Diya, n. = isi-Gcayo (the latter is the
word mostly used in Zululand) ; some-
times applied to the i-mBeleko after-
wards made from such isi-Gcayo.

u(lu)-DTya (Diiya), n. Straight even edge
or cut, as made along a piece of cloth
or skin. Cp. u(lu)-Ndi.

i(li)-Diye, n. Small locust eaten by boys.
Phr. nantsi ingqoto yami, 'mfana, /'\r
ungigokle amadiye emva kicendhlu kwenu,
there's my settler, boy, just come and catch
locusts for me behind your mother's hut —
a common challenge in Natal given by one
boy to another by tapping him lightly with
a stick on the head.

Doba, v. Fish, catch fish (ace.) (N) = 6a-
mba. [Ga. roba, fish-hook; vuba, to
fish; Reg. kalobo, hook; Sw. ndoana,
fish-hook; opoa, to fish up].

i(li), or i-nDobela, n. Tidal waters of the
inner-bay or lagoon at Durban, so called
from the old-timed Native custom of
fishing there. Cp. i(li)-Buya.

Phr. sokubuye idobela, the i-dobcla (i.e.
the water of the lagoon) has come back —
at return of tide = for practical purposes
at Durban, 'it is high water.'

lis'emukile idobela, the i-dobela (i. e. water
of the lagoon) is still away — when the tide

8

DO

is out = for practical purpose* at Durbau,

•it is low water '
i(li)-Dobo, n. An i(li)-Watanga q.v. when

overgrown with bush or scrub from its

southern aspect. Cp. u(lu)-Faba. [Hi.

doab, cultivatable land between two

rivers].
u(lu)-Dobo, n. Fish-hook (N) [Ga. roba;

Sw. ndoana]. c

Doda, v. Be or become a man — mostly
in the sense of 'doing the work of a
man' in the kraal, as a smart boy might
in the absence of older workers; also =
ndonda. [See i-nDoda].

Ex. uMaxwana us'emdoda uyise = uMa-
\icana us'emcnxela uyise imisebenxi yama-
dodu, Mazwana now does the men's work
for his father (as building huts, repairing
the fences, etc).

uyise us'edodwe amfana wake, the father
has the men's works done for him by his
boy.

I-nDoda, pi. ama-Doda, n. Adult male;
husband (in the sense merely of the
'man' of a wife); male, of any age (used
to designate the sex) ; smart boy — 'a
man'; adult male of smartness, exper-
ience, position, etc. [Skr. dhava, hus-
band; U. umu-ntu, pi. awa-ntu, man;
Ya. mu-ndu. pi. wa-ndu; Ka. mu-ndu,
pi. a-ndu; Bo. Ze. Ngu. etc. mu-ntu.
pi. wa-nhi, Sw. m-tu, pi. wa-tu. —
The derivation of this word is diffi-
cult to trace. From the Sahara to the
Southern Ocean, throughout all the Ba-
ntu languages, one does not come across
any word, having this particular signi-
fication, and bearing such a marked
resemblance to the Kafir word in-Doda
(husband) as the Skr. dha-va, husband.
The word for ' man ' throughout nearly
all of the Bantu languages is the local
equivalent of the Zulu word umu-ntu,
a person. But in those languages it
means almost invariably 'a man' or
'male' in contradistinction to 'a woman'
or 'female', though it also very fre-
quently has the second meaning of 'aper-
i.' It, therefore, seems just possible
that the word in-Doda is only another
form of the same original root, and that,
in earlier times, it many also have had
the general meaning of 'a person' or
'human-being'. We note that the plural
of the Zulu word is not izin-Doda, as
it should be, but ama-Doda, which is
quite irregular in Zulu, but quite in
accordance with the regular plural of
umu-ntu in almost everjr other Bantu
language. Furthermore, the use in Zulu
of the word in-Doda-kazi (a daughter)

114 DO

would support the supposition that the
thought contained in the root Doda
was not always solely 'male' or 'man',
but rather 'a person'; for the idea of
'a female man' (i.e. in-Doda-kazi) is
impossible.

Again, the word in-Doda and also
perhaps umu-ntu as well may be

connected, in its origin, with the Bo. ku-
doda, to drip; Sw. dondo-ka to drip;
Ga. tondo, a drop; Ga. tonda, to create
or bring forht into being ; Zulu, um-
tondo, the male organ: — hence, the
'dripping' or 'procreating' one].

P. adhla nya'rtdoda, they (the other ama-
duda) ate through a man— said by people
in praise of anybody who has brought them
something good.

ubu-Doda, n. Manliness; male sexual or-
gans.

i-nDodakazi (s.k.),n. Daughter (female
offspring, even when adult, and mar-
ried, is scarcely ever dignified by this
name in every-day Kafir speech; the
word i-nTombazana (little girl) is that
in customary use, even when referring
to a married woman still in her prime,
beyond that period i-nDodakazi would
be used ; in the case of chiefs and men
of position, the -word i-nKosazana is
frequently used).

i-nDodana, pi. ama-Dodana, n. Son (like
the preceding, this word also is seldom
used, um-Fana (boy) being that in
common use, even though it refer to a
married man of anything under 30 years
of age — the word i-nDodana might be
applied to any male older than this).

P. indaba inendodana. uyise /catia'cala,
the matter is with the son (or offspring),
the father is of no concern = it is not the
mere original action, it is not what you
have already done (that is of concern to me),
but the bad results it may have, the ill
effects it may give rise to.

u(lu)-Dodelana, n. The little good-for-no-
thing lot of men — as of a certain kraal
or locality (word of contempt). Comp.
u(lu)-Fazazana, u(lu)-Ntonjana, u(lu)-
Fanyana, etc.

i-nDodisisa, pi. ama-Dodisisa, n. A man
indeed i. e. of true manly qualities.

Dodonya, v. = durruza (q.v.) thoroughly,
vigorously.

u(lu)-Dodovu, n. Person broken-down, in-
firm, through age or sickness = um-
Totovu.

Dodoza, v. = ndonda.

i-nDofane, n. = isi-Dofela.

DO 115

isi-Dofedofe, n. = isi-Dofela.

Dofela, v. Eat, as any food that can be

called an isi-Dofela.
isi, or i-nDofela, n. Any nice thickish paste

of a food, mash or porridge of pleasant

taste and nice consistency.

Dofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dofoza.

Dofoza, v. Administer pressure by a
punch, kick or tread of the foot or hand
on any soft, yielding surface; hence,
crush, crush down, scpiieeze, as when
treading on a lump of thick dough, a
snake, mole-heap, or long entangled
grass (—shofuza), or when giving any-
body a kick in the stomach.

Ex. sasidofoxa emenweni, we went crush-
ing through the long grass.

Phr. wamdofoxa k/rexibomvu, he gave him
a thrust (with his foot) in the light-brown
parts i. e. on the side, beneath the arm.

Dofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dofoza.

Dofuza, v. = Dofoza.

i(li)-Dokodo (s. k.), n. Roughly made, tem-
porary hut, as were commonly erected
in roving times of war = i(li)-Dhlanga-
la; cp . i(li)-Fokozi; i(li)-Xiba.

Doko doko, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.J, v. = do-
koza.

Dokofu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = dokofula.

Dokofula (s.k.),v. Do anything in a weak,
strengthless, weary manner, with body
limp and ready to fall, as an exhausted
or lazy woman hoeing, or a tall, weak-
legged man walking = dukufula.

i-nDokoxa (s.k.),v. = isi-Doxo.

Dokoza, or Dokozela (s. k.), v. Speak in a
s* low, base, gruff tone, as a person talk-
ing when half-asleep, or some deep-
voiced persons naturally, or as the voice
itself.

i(li), or um-Dokwe (s. k.), n. 5. Kafir-corn
porridge f= i(li)-Yambazi); anything of
a greenish-brown colour, like Kafir-corn
when half ripe (= um-Tokwe).

N. B. The dove (i(li)-Juba), which is a
destructive visitor to corn-fields, sings a'm-
dokice! avutiwe! it (the amahek) is brown-
ing! it is ripe!

i-nDola, n. Certain shrub (Triumfetta
rhomboidea), used for its fibre.

u- Dolo (Doolo), n. Very great mass or
multitude, as of people or cattle (larger
than the u-Bintsi).

i(li)-Dolo, n. Knee; pi. ama-Dolo, the de-
creased flow at the menses owing to
conception, only used as below [Her.
o-ngoro; Sw. goti ].

DO

Phr. ukvu-gexa amadolo, to have the de-
creased menstrual flow of conception.

i(li), or u(lu)-D6lo (Doolo), n. Long com-
pact mass or closely packed line, as a
crowd of men sitting thickly round
hearing a trial, a row of dancers when
standing very close together, or a long
thick stretch of cloud. Cp. u(lu)-Qimba.

i(li)-Dolo-lenkonyane (s. k.), n. Smaller Dock
(Rumex Eckloni), whose roots are used
for tapeworm.

i-nDololwane, n. Elbow [Ga. lu-kokola;
Her. o-ngete].

u-Dolonzima, n. = u-Dolo.

u-Doloqina, n. Medicinal charm taken as
a tonic at the commencement of every
new season, previous to the eating of
the first-fruits. See eshwama.

isi-Domba (Dombha), n. Species of un-
usually tall and fine-looking imfe = i(li)-
Dondi.

Domboloza, or Dombolozela (Dombholoza),
v. Grow handsomely tall, with a fine
sleek body.

um-Dombolozi or Dombolozana (Donibho-
lozi), n. 5. Tall handsome person with
fine sleek body. Comp. um-Gembeleza-
na; uui-Dondoshiya.

i(li)-Dompola (s.p.), n. Dumpling [Eng.].

Domu, ukuti (tikuthi), v. = domula; domu-
leka.

Domula, v. Draw out with a smooth, slid-
ing action, as a stalk of grass from
its sheath, a stake from the ground or
a cork from a bottle (= ncomula),
select the choicest, among a lot of
things, as girls or goods in a store (=
jomula).

Ex. katete, mndomule, he hasn't taken
(a wife), he has selected the sweetest thing
(in the district).

aPikicasi uyatenga, yini? uyadomula.
doesn't Pikwasi make a purchase? she
chooses the nicest (of what is there).

Dondav. Be slow, or reluctant, to move,
as in order to do anything, obey, get up,
or a tree to grow. Cp. denga ; kanula
[Her. oku-panda, unwillingness].

i-nDondela, n. Immense heap, perhaps as
large as a small hut = i-?iQolobela,
i-mBundu, i-mBondwane [Her. o-ndyu-
ndo, heap; Sw. chungu].

i(li)-Dondi,ra. = isi-Domba.

isi-Dondi, n. Slow, reluctantly moving
person.

i-nDondo, n. Solid brass ball, about an
inch thick, and having a hole through

8*

DO 110

the middle, for wearing round the neck

as an ornament = i-nOquma.

Phr. hamba 'ndondof Good bye! big

golden ball! — said to the red evening sun

us it sinks in the west (N).
Dondobala, v. Be in an utterly powerless,

strengthless state, unable to walk or

rise, through sickness, cold, etc. (used

in perf.).
isi-Dondobala, n. Person in such a state

as above; also applied to any abnormally

weak delicate person, unable to walk,

work, etc.
u(lu)-Dondolo, n. Long stick for walking,

as carried by old women or men when

travelling = u(lu)-Boko.
Phr. ukudhla kul'udondolo, kuyHntsika ye-

\ne, food is the staff-of-life, it is the pillar

of the land.

leli ikambi li udondolo lokuhlola uma y'ilo,

yini, uhlabo na? this herb is a staff for

examining (i. e. a test) whether it is an

tthlabo or not.

Dondolozela, v. Walk with the aid of a
stick or staff, as an old man. Cp. sime-
lela.

Dondoshiya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go up tall,
be slender and high, as a tree, reed, etc.

um-Dondoshiya, n. 5. Any tall thing or
person, as above. Cp. um-Dombolozi.

i-nDondukusuka (s.k.),n. Slow, tardy,
sluggish person, always postponing or
promising yet always too indolent to do.

isi-Dondwane, n. Mound, generally over-
grown with bush, and formed of low
ant-heaps.

u(lu)-Donga, n. Bank or steep side, as of
a river or dam; used for the 'wall' of
a house (mod.); deep gully or washed-
away channel, such as are common on
the up-country flats; a long compact
mass of people sitting or standing, or
of cloud (cp. u(lu)-Dolo) [Mbu. on-donga,
river; Her. o-ndondu, river; Sw.u-kingo,
river-bank ; dungu, platform].

Phr. nfele odongeni Iwamadoda, he has
died in the men's pit — he has died the
death of a brave man — said of one who
has been killed in battle.

uOubudu nfikile namhlaitje odongeni hva-
badala, (rubudu has to-day reached the bank
<if the old people — the edge of adult
life i. e. she has to-day reached the age of
puberty, that is, has menstruated for the
first time (the phrase is also applicable to
ma j

u-Dongoyi,rc. = u-Nondongoyi.
u(lu)-Dongozi, n. Bad smell of any kind.
Cp. i(li)-Punga; u(lu)-Futa; u(lu)-SL

DO

um-Dongwe, n. 5. Very fine fatty clay
deficient in sand and cracking when
baked, hence not used for pottery [Sw.
u-dongo, claj' ; Her. omu-noko].

i-nDoni, n. Black edible berry of the uni-
Doni tree.

um-Doni, n. 5. Waterboom (Eugenia cor-
data) a large tree growing on the coast
bush-lands.

i-nDoniyamanzi, n. Dark-skinned person,
but not so black as the i-nKanyimba.

u(lu)-Donqa, n. Sesamum Indicum, a plant
flowering something like the foxglove,
and producing a small edible seed, for
which it is slightly cultivated by the
Natives.

u(lu)-Donqabatwa (Donqabathwa), n. An-
other plant (Chenopodium murale)
closely resembling the preceding, but
wild and not used as food.

u(lu)-D6nqadonqa, n. Any savoury-smell-
ing, tasty food, as isi-Tubi or roasted
mealie-cobs = u(lu)-Danqudanqu.

Dontsa (s. L), v. Pull, in all its meanings ;
hence, draw, drag, tug; allure, attract,
as by some inticement (with nga) ; draw,
as by suction through a pipe; pull up,
ascend with exertion, as a steep hill (ace.
or loc); strain or make protrude, as the
eyes (ace.) [Skr. duh, draw out; Lat.
ducere, to lead ; Xo. dnntsa, strain ; Sw.
jtihudi, a strain; Her. kondya, to strain].

Phr. uku-xi-dontsa, to be griped, to strain,
as one with diarrhoea.

wangidontsela amehlwana, he pulled his
little eyes out for me, /. e. stared at me.

isi- Dontsa (s. L), n. A griping or straining
at stool, as one suffering from diarrhoea.

i-n Dontsa (s. t), n. The planet Jupiter =
i-nDontsakusa, i-nDontsamasukii.

i-nDontsakusa (s.t.; s.k.),n. — i-nDontsa.

i-nDontsamasuku (s.t.; s.k.),n. = i-nDo-

ntsa.
i-nDontsamehlwana (s. L), n. Silly, stupid

person who, when asked a question,

merely gapes at one without answering.

Cp. isi-Nctvayimbana.
u(lu)-Dontsi (s.t.),n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Dosi.
Donya, v. = durruza.

i-nDonya, n. White star on the forehead of
a horse or ox; hence, a single conspi-
cuous spot of a different colour marked
in the middle of anything, as the ace
of any suit of cards (except of spades
= u-Sihungu) ; some red substance pur-
chased in the towns and used by the
young men as a love-charm to fill a girl
with fear in his presence and so make
her an easy prey.

DO 117

D6rro, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dorroza.
Dorroza, v. = durruza.
i-nDosa, n. (C.N.) — i-nDontsa.
i(li)Dosha, n. Snuff-box (properly of some

European make). Cp. i(li)-Shungu. [D.

does].

u(lu)-Dosi, n. Sting, of a bee; a loose hair,
of any kind, i. e. detached from the body,
such as one might find on one's coat
after holding a cat, or in the food oc-
casionally, and whether of animal or
man. Cp. u(lu)-Nwele; isi-Boya. [Her.
o-ndyise, a human hair; Reg. ma-osa;
Sum. mu-sasi; Be. mu-sisi; Ze. lu-fili;
Kon. rn-vili; Gan. lu-vuile; Sw. u-nyele;
Li. lu-nyuele = Zulu, u-nwele, human
hair].

N.B. The u-dosi or hair of some animals,
as the lion tor instance, figures largely in
cases of takata. They are said to cause
various diseases, generally incurable chest
complaints. Consumption is sometimes con-
veniently explained as beitig such an u-dosi
on the chest, introduced there, of course, by
an umtakati.

Dovadova, v. Knead, tread or trample
upon anything (ace.) with the feet, as
mud when preparing it for mortar;
knead, punch, or press about with the
hands or fists, as anything down on the
ground. Cp. xova.

um-Dovu, n. 5. Any grain of last season's
crop already slightly smelling of the pit
(but not so strongly as the is-Angcobe).
Cp. u-Nyasa.

isi-Doxo, n. Filth or dirt of a thick, pasty,
besmearing kind, whether still wet or
encrusted, as of mud on one's trousers,
food-stuff about the hands of a child, or
thick dirt encrusted on a boy's neck or
back = i-nDokoxa.

u-Doye,w. = u-Maguqe.

i(li)-D6yi (Dooyi), n. Medicine of any kind
taken by the members of a family im-
mediately after the death of one of their
number and previous to taking any food,
in order to 'brace up' (qinisa) their
bodies == i(li)-Kubalo.

Du, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do in an 'out-and-
out' kind of way, thoroughly, completely,
utterly; be done in such a way. Cp.
ukuti nya; buqe; ci.

Ex. uy'isidingawoti iinpela d/t, he is a
real, out-and-out idiot.

sadhla sati du, sasesihamba, we ate and
finished, and then went on our way.

Phr. du njalo dti, or (more often) dunja-
lodu! with that I shut up, I'm not going to
say another word — said by a person who
refuses to give any further reply.

DU

u(lu)-Du, n. obsolete word (= u(lu)-Ju),
now only found in the phrase below.

Phr. ngadhla ulovu, ngadhla inkomo ya-
s'odwini for yas'ojtvini, or yas'esijwini) —
see ul-Ovu.

Duba, v. Break up the clods (ace.) in a
recently ploughed or hoed field (ace);
go over a field (ace.) a second time
generally, whether in order to break up
the soil, or to re-sow it when the first
sowing has been a failure (cp. bukeza);
break about a person (ace.) i. e. treat in
a hard, inconsiderate manner, as a master
overworking his servant, or a rider
treating a horse harshly (cp. kahla);
pester, trouble, worry, as might some
passion or moral weakness hard to re-
strain f= kataza)—cp. ukuti dubu,
dubuza ; also (N)= dikila.

i-nDubazi, n. 'Green,' unexperienced fellow,
as a country Native coming up for the
first time to town (N).

i(li)-Dube, n. Zebra (Equus zebra— see i-
Qwaha); beadwork with different co-
loured stripes running horizontally (see
qopd); unhealthy mealie-plant having
the leaves striped with white.

Dubeka (s.k.),v. Get broken up, or gone
over a second time, as above (see duba);
get treated hardly, troubled, worried, as
above (used in perf.).

u-Dubintlango or Dubintlangu, n. = u-Ju-
bingqwanga.

Dubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dubuza; dubu-
zeka.

um-Dubu, n. 5. Two species of willow, one
a tree, the other a bush, both growing
along the coast, and the rough leaves
of the latter used for polishing sticks;
any animal or thing coloured like an
um-dubu stick i. e. of a light yellowish
or dusty brown; also of a drab or
pinkish grey tint.

u(lu)-Dubu, n. Kind of edible mushroom
common about antheaps. Cp. i(li)-Kowe.

i(li)-Dubudubu (Dubhudubhu), n. Confused
thud thud, a 'mere stamping,' as of a
lot of people dancing badly or out of
time. See dubuza (dubhuza).

Dubukala (s. k.), v. Be in a broken up
state, as a clod of earth or fragile pot
smashed up into bits ; be in a soft,
smashed state, as beans thoroughly
cooked; be sodden, broken up, as over-
boiled potatoes (used in perf.). Cp. clu-
buzeka.

Dubukeza (s. k.), v. Cause or make to be
as above ; grind or crush corn (ace.) in
large quantity, as for a great beer-drink.

DU

118

DU

i-nDubukezi (s. k.), n. Large quantity, as
of beer or crops ; immensely big person.

Dubula, v. Fire off, as a gun (ace. — per-
haps from the dull, thudding sound
when heard from a distance) ; fire at,
shoot, as an animal (ace); 'bring down*
a girl (ace), as a young-man when
smartly paying off her lobola cattle;
strike a person (ace.) with some hard
word ; begin to flower, as mealies (=
nyekeza) [Sw. tap a, shoot; Her. nyo-
pora, shoot an arrow; MZT. in-tobolo,
gun].

Ex. nyidubale nyeshumi, he has knocked
her off with (a full) ten (head of lobola cattle).

isi-Dubuli, n. Internal contusion, injury,
or pain, as from the blow of a stick
(cp. isi-Lalo); (C.N.) suddenness.

i-nDubundubu, n. Anything of a friable,
fragile nature, as a clod of earth, bis-
cuit, or earthen-pot.

Dubuza, v. Make a dull, thudding sound,
or cause a thing (ace.) to make such a
noise, as when stamping or dancing on
the ground, kicking the wicker-door
(ace.) of a hut when closed, or a thing
falling on the roof of a hut (cp. dubhu-
za) ; break a thing (ace.) of a friable or
fragile nature into particles or fragments,
as a clod of earth, a biscuit, or an
earthen pot by letting it fall (= dubu-
keza; coboza; fahlaza; pahlaza). Cp.
budhluza. [Her. tukatura, smash up ;
Sw. vunja].

Phr. uku-xi-dubuxela, to throw oneself
away, risk oneself, give up one's life, in any
cause or speculation.

Dubuza (Dubhuza), v. Bring the foot down
with a thud on the ground, as people
dancing. Cp. duduza; i(li)-Dubudubu.

Dubuzeka (s. k.J, v. Get knocked, kicked,
stamped upon, etc. with a thudding noise,
as above; get broken into particles or
fragments, as above.

Duda, v. Excite or rouse a person (ace.)
to do by inflaming or encouraging his
passions or strong desire, as the bull-
calves excite the bull to activity by
mounting before it, or as a boy is led
on to fight or steal by evil example or
prompting [Lad. duco, I lead; Sw. thu-
bhutisha, encourage; vuta, induce].

Dudhla, v. = ukuti dudhlu.

um-Dudhla.rc. 5. Any high-standing, bulky-
bodied thing, as a long sack well filled
out, a high thick-bodied barrel, large
bulky bottle, tall bulky person; long
and big bodied person, /'. e. with long
full b^lly — ain-Budhla.

Dudhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Thump, strike

with a thumping noise, as a man on
his chest or a bullock on its belly (=
dudhluza); fix, as the eyes on any spot
(= dudhlula) = dudhla.

i(li)-Dudhlu,w. — see Ex. under i(li)-Bidhli.
Dudhlula, v. Fix the eyes (with amehlo),
j rivet the gaze, as when looking fixedly
on any spot = ukuti nqwata.

Ex. u/ngidhlululele amehlo, he has fixed
his eyes on me.

Dudhluza,?;. Thump, strike with a thump-
ing sound, as a man (ace.) with one's
fist on the ribs, or a bullock with a stick
on its sides.

i(li)-Dudu, n. A doing all together or all
at once, a doing in a body or en masse,
a combined or united doing, as when
fighting, hoeing, dancing, entering, cook-
ing, etc. = isi-Dududu.

Ex. bake b'enza idudu, bayeka, they made
one combined attack, had one general go
at it, and left off.

umbila irawutela idudu, she threw on all
the mealie-cobs at once (instead of roasting
them some at a time).

ubu-Dudu, n. = ubu-Tutu.

u-Dududu, w. Regiment, or member thereof,

formed by Mpande next after the u(lu)-

Dhloko.

isi-Dududu, n. = i(li)-Dudu.

um-Dudukazana (s.k.),n.5. Young heifer
already going with the younger bulls
— somewhat younger than the um-Ta-
ntikazi = um-Tantazana.

Dudula, v. Make go away, push away,
drive off, as any object (ace.) obstructing
one's way, cattle from any spot, or one
bull from another.

Ex. xidudide bo huleyo'ndawo, drive them
away from that place.

u(lu)-Duduma, n. Any broadly extensive
thing, of extensive surface, as a large
field, forest, river, hut, etc. (= u(lu)-
Divala, u(lu)-Dadawa, u(lu)-Dukada) ;
any great shaking, trembling thing, as
the mud of a bog, a great fat pig, or
big belly (= i-ynBikimbiki; cp. dudu-
mela).

Dudumela, v. = tutuinela.

i-nDudumela, n. Certain forest climbing-
plant.

i(li)-Dudusi, n. Very soft, sandy soil, al-
most entirely sand, as is frequent along
the coast. Cp. i(li)-Tshetshe.

Duduza, v. Make a constant dull, thudding
noise, as one beating the ground within
a hut or at a distance. Cp. dubuza.

Duduzela, v. = tunduzela.

DU 11

isi-Duduzo, n. Lullaby, means to quieten
a crying- child.

Duka (8. k.), v. Go or get off the right
path; go astray, or leave the right way;
be wrong (by comparison), as in an ar-
gument or assertion [Her. puka, go
astray; Sw. zunguka, wander].

Ex. uku-duka endhleleni, to go astray from
the path, or on the way.

itku-duka nendhlcla, to go astray along
with the path i. e. to follow a wrong path.

i(li)-Duka (s.k.),n. A girl attached to the
ama-Duka hut or section of the i-nKwe-
lemba band of Cetshwayo's um-Ndhhi-
nkulu. See i(li)-Tontsi, i(li)-Beja.

u(lu)-Dukada (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Duduma.

Dukela (s. k.), v. Get astray for a person
(ace), as a path or person one has
missed.

Ex. ingiditkele indhlela, the path has got
astray for me, i. e. 1 have missed it.

ngidukelwe indhlela, I have been got astray
for by the path, i. e. I have missed it.

ngamdukela endhleleni, I got wrong or
went astray for him on the way, i. e. I fail-
ed to meet him, I missed him.

Dukelana (s. k.), v. Get astray from one
another, miss one another = pambana.

Dukisa (s. k.), v. Send astray, make go
from the right path.

i(li)-Duku (s.k.),n. Kerchief, either for
covering the head, or wiping the nose
[D. doek\\ Spanish-fly plaster, and other
medicaments, sold to the Natives by
Arab traders as powerful love-charms.

Uma ux?umoakale entombini, 'Mpande !
ingagijima konamanje, ixe kxiwe.

u(lu)-Duku (s.k.; no plur.), n. = u(lti)-
Wamba.

Duku duku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Be a
little while, pass a short time — used
impersonally to express 'after a short
/ time', 'very soon after', — the length of
/ time may be a 'few moments', a 'few
days' or a 'few weeks' after, according
to the circumstances.

Ex. safika ilanga selishona; kute kusati
dukuduku, wafika yena, we arrived as the
sun was setting; a little while after, he ar-
rived.

udshu wabuya eShowe, ku-ati dukuduku,
was'ehamba full, Cishu returned from Esho-
we; a short time passed, and he went off
again.

i-nDuku (s.k.),n. Walking or carrying-stick
of any kind [the original meaning was
probably that of a 'cut or stumped'
thing. Sw. rungu, knobkerry ; gutu,
stump of a limb ; gongo, long thick stick ;

9 DU

Ga. muggo, stick ; Bo. ngoda, stick].
See i-Wisa, um-Shiza, u(lu)-Boko, etc.

Phr. ngiyabek'induku ya/mi kuwe, I am
leaving my walking-stick with yon Baid
by a man when travelling past a friend's
hut and intimating that he is just going on
ahead, but will return by way of that hut
again, when he will expect to find something
to eat.

bagube babeka induku, they danced and
set up a challenge = in a way that chal-
lenged all beating.

muhle uZificana, ubabek'induku [abanye),
Zitwana is handsome, he challenges them
(the others, to surpass him) = Zitwana is
handsome; who can beat him? (nobody, of
course).

sib'eleke induku, or sibabeke induku, we have
lain the stick on them (i. e. have challenged
them by tapping them on the head — see
i-nGqoto) = we have beaten them.

laihle umuntu afe, esliiya induku ebandhla,
good is it to die, leaving one's stick in the
assembly i. e. leaviug something behind by
which one may be traced, remembered, etc.,
not disappearing outright and unbeknown
to every body.

sasina sashiya induku, we danced and left
our mark = we danced surpassingly fine.

P. induku ishay imviki, the stick strikes
the one warding it off, i. e. the blow strikes
him who seeks to run away from it.

i-nDuku-ka'Qwabalanda (s.k.),n. An un-
formed ibuto, following next after the
u-Dakwa-ukusuta and which would have
embodied boys who were between 13
and 15 years old in 1901 = u-Ntsinya.
N.B. Qwabalanda is the name of one of
Dinuzulu's indunas.

isi-Duku (s.k.),n. Blunt end, stumpy or
cut-off end, as of a stick, assegai, etc.
= isi-Dunu.

Ex. wangigqula ngesiduku somshixa wake,
or somkonto u-ake, he poked me with the
end of his stick, or of his assegai (/. e. not
by the point, but by the blunt end).

um-Dukuca (s. k.; s. c), n. 5. = um-Nukuba.

Dukufu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = dokofula.

Dukufula (s.k.),v. = dokofula.

isi-Dukulu (s.k.), n. Blunt, stumpy end of
a thing of length, as a log of wood, an
unpointed stake; such thing itself. Cp.
isi-Duku.

isi-Dukumezi (s.k.),n. = isi-Dikimezi.

Dukuza (s. k.), v. Walk or go in the dark,
surrounded by darkness so that one */?
cannot clearly see his surroundings or
bearings, as when travelling during a
dark night, or through a thick mist, or
though a dense forest [akin to duka -

DU

Her. puka, go astray; Sw. zunguka,
wander]. Com p. fufxta; pumputa.

Ex. saliduku\a ihlati las'oNgaye, we grop-
ed through the Ngoye forest (although
easily seeing the path).

P.* siyadukuxa ostein i livcnkomo, we are
walking in the dark round the paunch of a
bullock = we are lost in a maze, don't
know where we are going or what we are
saying.

isi-Dukwana ($.k.),n. A small stick — ap-
plied to a man of some position, a 'big-
gish stick', as a sub-headman.

Dulela, v. Speak to anyone, call him, etc.
without eliciting any attention or reply
[akin to tula q. v.].

i(li)-Duli, n. Knoll, small round hill =
i(li)- Gquma, i(li)- Ganga.

i-nDuli, n. Species of river-grass or rush
used for mat-making. Cp. i-nDuma.

isi-Duli, ra. Ant-heap, such as are common
over the veldt ; grave-mound f= i-Liba);
natural roughness of the skin, like a
multitude of hard tiny pimples, common
on the upper leg ; dumb person, deaf
person i. e. one not giving a reply when
spoken to (from dulela, q. v.). [Ya. chi-
kula, ant-heap; Her. otyi-tundu, ant-
heap; Sw. ki-sugulu, mound of earth].

i-nDulo (loc. enDulo), n. Ancient times, an-
tiquity; an old-time, unenlightened, ig-
norant person, 'green', as to the things
of modern times (== i-nDubazi, i-nDu-
luzane) [the letters d and k being some-
times interchangeable in Bantu, prob.
akin to Sw. kale, ancient ; Her. koru-
knru, anciently; hence, related to Z.
kula, to get big; may be furthermore
connected with dala, old, q. v.].

i-nDulu, n. = i-nDido.

isi-Dulu, n. = isi-Zukuhvane.

i-nDuluzane, n. = i-nDulo.

Duma (Duuma),v. Thunder; hence, make
any noise resembling the heavy, or dull
rolling sound of thunder — e.g. resound,
as a ceiling or hall when a number of
people are talking or singing therein;
rumble, as the stomach from "flatulence;
boom, as cannon firing ; hum loudly, as
a swarm of bees passing (not a single
bee = buza); make a great sound
abroad, i. e. be famous, notorious, well-
known— in good or bad sense (used in
perf.) ; rush off thoughtlessly to do
anything; be thundering great, nume-
rous, etc., as crops or cattle [Skr. dhu,
shake; Lat. tonare, to thunder; fulmen,
thunder; Xo. duduma; Her. iutuma;
Bo. tuntuma; MZT. i-zumo, thunder;

120 DU

Sw. ngurumo, distant thunder; Ma. ko-
madtidi.]

Ex. ixinkomo ku'Bani ziyaduma, So-
and-so's cattle are a thundering-large herd.

ngakutuma ishungu, iib'us'-uduma wye 'ku-
tata induku, I sent you for a snuff-box,
and then you thoughtlessly rush off to go
and take a stick (== why don't you think
what you are doing?).

P. lidume, ladhla umunga, it thundered
and struck an umunga tree (for which the
lightning, prob. on account of its resinous
nature, is said to have a liking) = it thun-
dered, and not without its Tictim — said of
an angered chief killing a man.

N. B. Anything of a white nature, whe-
ther it be beads, wood-parings, or white cattle,
is studiously concealed or avoided during a
thunder-storm, especially in a kraal that has
been medicinally treated with an isi-betelelo
sezulu; also a person walking along a path
would immediately leave it for the grass,
as all of these things are supposed to draw
the lightning !

Duma, adj. Flavourless, insipid, flat, as any
food may become (even though retain-
ing its natural taste) from want of
seasoning or cooking (= dindinini.
Cp. i-Munyane)\ unsweet, as the mouth
when rising in the morning; unpleasant,
unliked, as a person's talk == dumele
[Sw. dufu, tasteless; Her. hahu}.

i(li)-Duma (Duuma),n. Notable, or notor-
ious person, in a good or bad sense,
as a young man or girl noted for
good-looks, a doctor famous for his
skill, man notorious for his anger or
evil practices.

i(li)-Dumaw. Person whose looks do not
please, are without flavour, or any at-
tractiveness.

i(li) or isi-Duma, n. Knoll, small round
hillock; mound of earth or rubbish
(=zum-Ganga); lump or unevenness, as
on a badly levelled earthen-floor = i(li)-
Ganga.

i-nDuma (no plur.), n. (N) = i(li)-Gceba.

u(lu)-Duma (Duuma), n. Crushing bruise
or contusion (not externally bleeding),
as from a severe blow or knock.

Phr. mage! ngashaywa ngoduma ! oh!
1 was struck by a crushing blow (one felt
internally, but not seen by others)— said by
a women who has lost her child.

Dumala, v. Lose flavour, become tasteless,
as food by an excessive addition of
water; lose sweetness, become bitter, de-
jected, disappointed, as a heart robbed
of its hopes ; be disagreeable, unliked,
offensive, as rude talk [see duma).

DU

S

/

Dumaza, v. Make lose flavour or become
tasteless, as food (ace) by an excessive
addition of water ; make lose sweetness,
become bitter, dejected, disappointed, as
a person's heart (doub ace. with i-nTlizi-
yo); make lose favour, credit, good re-
pute, or to look small, discredited or
ridiculous, as one person might another
(ace) by talking disparagingly of him,
or disrespectfully to him in the presence
of others, or by acting in such a way
as will reflect discredit upon him— hence,
disgrace a person (ace. = pot'isa; cp.
jibaza).

Ex. ttku-U-dumaxa, to make oneself lost
of flavour or good repute, to disgrace one-
self—used especially of a girl who has
allowed herself to be deflowered.
Dumba (Dumbha), v. Bulge up, swell
slightly, as a bump where one has
been stung or knocked, or where an
abscess is forming (vuvuka is used
of a general or considerable swel-
ling, as of the cheek or foot); fill out,
grow stout, as a bean-pod, a child put-
ting on fat or bulk while growing;
choose, select (= keta). [Her. o-ndn-
mba, bump; Sw. vimba, to swell; nu-
ndu, a bump].
um-Dumba (Dumbha), n. 5. Pod of the
u-Dumba plant (the beans being still
inside; not when empty — i(li)-Qobo-
londo).
u(lu)-Dumba (Dumbha), n. Certain climb-
ing bean-bearing plant cultivated by the
Natives; one of the small edible beans
thereof (mostly used in plur. as i-nDu-
mba) = i-mBumba, i-nTlumayo [Her.
e-kunde, bean].
i(li)-Dumbe (Dumbhe), n. = i(li)-Dumbi.
u-Dumbedumbe (Dumbhedumbhe ; no
plur.), n. Species of i(li)-Dumbi of more
recent introduction from Natal, and
much larger than the original kind culti-
vated in Zululand. See i-Dumbi.
i(li)-Dumbi (Dumbhi; with plur.), n. Cer-
tain plant (Colocasia antiquorum), or
the edible tuber thereof, much cultivated
by the Natives for food (cp. u-Zaza;
u-Qomo; u(lu)-Nyawolwenkuku; u-Du-
mbedumbe) ; the trembling of palsy, or
palsy itself, as often seen in old Native
women.

P. injalo yapuma edunjini, the small po-
tato came out of the big-potato = he is a
chip of the old block.
isi-Dumbi (Dumbhi), n. Field or garden

planted with ama-Dumbi.
i(li)-Dumbi-lika'Ntloyile (Dumbhi; s. k.;
s. t.), n. Kind of haemanthus (Hieman.

121 DU

Natalensis), having a large orange-red,
brush-like flower = i(li)-Dunjana.
Dumbisa (Dumbhisa), v. Show a Bwelling
of the genitals at the time of reaching
maturity, as a pig, etc. (N.).

i(li)-Dumbu (Dumbhu), n. Skin - string,
made by slitting an u-Qoto, and used
for sewing the isi-Fociya, etc. ; wood in
the whole, or piece of such wood, i. e.
not a strip (as firewood), or a slice (as
a board), or a side-length (as a scant-
ling), all of which are i-mBande q.v.
a stick lopped clean off from trunk-
is an i-Dumbu, or a post consisting of
an entire tree.

Ex. induku yanni il'idumbu, my stick is
a whole-growth — not a strip or piece cut
out of the length.

isi-Dumbu (Dumbhu), n. Corpse, carcase,
of any dead person or animal [Her.
omu-tundu, corpse; Ga. m-lamba].

um, or i-nDumbu (Dumbhu), n. 5. Whole
grain or lump left in a mass of fine-
ground or soft-cooked food, as whole
mealies in the um-Caba, or an uncooked
grain in a pot of boiled rice = i-nDu-
mbuluza.

um-Dumbu (Dumbhu) n. 5. Whole 'body'
or full term, of any period of time, as a
day, week, month or year.

Ex. us'unemidumbu emingaki yexinyanga

usebenxa na? senginemiditmbu emitatu, how
many full months have you now at work?
I have now three full periods.

i-nDumbuluza (Dumbhuluza), n. Stone,
pip, or hard lump, found in any soft-
natured mass, as the stone of a peach,
pip of an orange, a mealie-grain in the
amasi, etc. Comp. i-nDumbu.

Dumela, v. Go with a vehement rush;
make a rush at (ace), spring upon, as
a wild-animal attacking a man.

i(li), or i-nDumela, n. Fame, notoriety, in
a good or bad sense; sound of a great
noise as heard in the distance (= uku-
xokozela when heard close at hand).

i-nDumezulu, n. Any immensely big, ex-
tensive thing, as field, forest, hut, noise,
etc. (= u(hi)-Dadawe, u(lu)-Duduma,
u(lu)-Dukada); immensely large quan-
tity, as of cattle, mealies, beer, etc.
(== u-Bintsi, u-Dolo, ama-Baka, etc).

um-Dumezulu, loc. emDumezulu, n. Name
of one of Mpande's kraals.

Dumisa (Duumisa) v. Make famous, noto-
rious, in a good or bad sense ; extol, sing
the praises of (ace.) ; glorify, make known
(modern use), as God (ace.) among the
nations.

DU

i-nDumo (Duumo), n. A thundering' noise,
tumultuous uproar, as of a great quar-
relling in the distance, or a great herd
of cattle running; a thundering, terrific
en-rush, as at a charge.

Ex. ixirikomo sJfike ngendumo kuyc, the
cattle would come thundering down upon
him (as a person in their way).

isi-Dumo (Duumo), n. Great occurrence,
serious event; matter or report of im-
portance, gravity.

Phr. uBani kasali esidunyweni, So-and-so
is never out of the row, is sure to be found
in every bad scrape. See um-Pungulelo.

um-Dumo (Duumo), n. 5. Thunder-storm,
or noise of any description that can be
said to duma, hence, rumbling of a lot of
wagons passing, booming of cannon,
humming of a bee-swarm passing, etc.

Ex. lashaya umdumo, lasa, it went through
a thunderstorm, and cleared up.

u(lu)-Dumo (Duumo), n. Great number or
'swarm ' of children or people in a kraal;
(C.N.) sound f= um-Dumo); fame (=
i(li)-Dumela).

isi-Dumudumu, ?t. Immensely large thing,
as an affair; or quantity, as of beer =

/.-•/- 1 'uii icim /, isi-Dumukela.

Dumuka (s.k.),v. Brazen out, proclaim
abroad in an impudent, regardless man-
ner the private doings of another person
(ace. = caka); provoke, exasperate, as
another person (ace.) by any word or
action (== gala).

Ex. uku-wi-dumuka, to publish abroad in
a brazen-faced manner one's own carryingson.

isi-Dumuka ($. k.), n. Internal fat, or suet
of an eland, used for purposes of taka-
ta (see i-Mpofti, for which this is the
women's hlonipa name); person given
to brazening abroad the secret affairs
of other people.

isi-Dumukela (s.k.),n. = isi-Dumudumu.

Dumuzela, v. Make a humming sound, as
a lot of people talking quietly in a hut
= humuzela.

i(li)-Duna, n. Male, of any animal (not
man) — especially used to indicate the
sex of young animals (cp. i(li)-Sikazi);
a highest-class i-nDuna, of which there
were only a few in Zululand, forming,
as it were, the ministry of the Zulu
king (cp. isi-Lomo).

Ex. ingulube yami ixele amaduna odwa,
my pig has given birth to males only.

i-nDuna, ?/. Male, of any animal (not man)

especially used to distinguish the sex

of young animals (= i(li)-Duna; cp.

l(li)-Slkazi); officer of state, or army,

122 DU

appointed by the chief over others ; cap-
tain, overseer, foreman ; (gen. in plur.)
acne or pustular pimples on the fore-
head, etc. [Heb. adon, lord; Goth, gurna,
man; Her. omu-hona, a chief ; o-ndume,
male animal; Svv. ndume, male; Li. Bo.
Ngu. Ze. etc. dume, a bull; Ko. mnume;
Kam. mlume; Ru. Go. lume, male, —
kazi, female. — The original root of this
word probably signified 'a male' or
'bull' animal, and so came to be used
for a 'bull' or 'chief among the human
herd].

Ex. inkonyane yendima (or yeduna), eye-
nduna (or eyeduna) {ingulube), a male calf,
a male one (pig) — of full-grown animals,
when designating their especial functions in
life, one would use inkomaxi (cow), often-
times intsikaxi (female) when used of smaller
animals; inkabi (a castrated beast, bullock,
gelding, etc.), inkunxi (bull).

P. we! 'gayekaxi! ukuhamba kuxala in-
duna, I say, poor me! to go about gives
birth to a male thing i. e. something of im-
portance = going about makes one see
something, or one meets strange things in
life.

Dundu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Come to, or be
on, the summit or top of any elevated
place, as a man on the roof of a hut, a
monkey on the top of a tree, or a per-
son ascending a hill (gen. used with
]jezu or pezulu) = qoka, qwaka. [Sen.
chi-dunda, hill ; Her. o-?idunda, low hill ;
o-ndomba, summit; MZT. chi-lundu,
hill; Ga. wagulu, summit].

i(li)-Dundu, n. Top part of a hill, ridge,
precipice, or any ascent. Cp. isi-Qongo.

Dundubala, v. Come to the top of any
elevated place, as a hill, precipice, house,
tree, etc,; come up over a hill, as the
sun or moon.

Dundubeza, v. Cause to go or come to the
top, as above = dundubalisa.

isi-Dundulu, n. Shortish person; (C.N.) =
isi-Dindili.

Dunduluza, v. — dindiliza.

i-nDunduma, n. — see i-Ndunduma.

Dunduzela, v. = tunduzela.

Dunga, v. Disturb or make turbid by
raising the sediment in any liquid (ace),
as when stirring up the mud in a
pool, or shaking a bottle containing any
sediment; disturb the complacency of
any company, as a rough, noisy person
on arriving = xunga. [Her. zunga,
stir up; Sw. shughulisha, disturb].

i(li)-Dungamuzi,rc. Middle-sized tree (Euclea
Natalensis), possessing violent purgative
qualities and supposed to produce quar-

DU 1

rels in the kraal, to which, on that ac-
count, it is never taken; a kraal-disturb-
ing person.
Dungazela, v. = xungazela.

Dungeka (s. k.), v. Get disturbed or stirred
up as to its clearness, as any liquid
containing sediment; get disturbed as
to their complacency, as a company of
men by the arrival of a rough, noisy
person; be muddy-minded, 'seedy,' as
one roused up from sleep at night to do
some work.

Dungula, v. Make a hole through the centre
of any reed-like thing (ace), tmi-Tshu-
mo, etc.

i-nDungulu, n. Certain broad-leafed plant
(Kaempferia sp.) whose strong-scented
root is said to be good for a catarrh ;
for driving away snakes, and warding
off lightning; for mixing with the ma-
bele or mealie seed to keep off the ill-
effects of drought and excessive heat;
and for preserving the inyanga from
the dangerous effects of some noxious
plants when he goes to cut or collect
them. See i-nDawo.

u(lu)-Dungundumela, n. Serious affair al-
ready noised everywhere abroad = ama-
Hlekelele.

i(li)-Dunguza, n. Swelling, or puffing up
of the skin or flesh, whether large or
small, in any part of the body, as from
some internal inflammation, or when
externally irritated == i(li)-Dengezi; cp.
i(li)-Nqoza; isi-Rrilaza. [Sw. ehubuko,
bump; ki-nundu, protuberance].

Dunguzela, v. Be ill (only used of the
chief, and of small children, in which
cases it is not advisable, or possible,
for the public to be told what is actually
wrong with the sufferer).

Ex. inkosi sixwa kutiwa iyadunguxela, we
hear it said that the chief is ill.

i(li)-Dunjana, n. —i(li)-uDmbi-likaNtloyile.

Dunu, ukuti (ukuthi), <>. = dunusa.

isi-Dunu, n. Thick, blunt or stumpy end,
as of an assegai, or the butt-end of a
gun (= isi-Duku); the lower end of the
land, i. e. on the coast.

Ex. s'a/ce esidunwini sexwe, we live at the
stumped-eud of the country (where it is
abruptly cut off by the sea).

i-r»Dunu,w. The anus or fundament =
i-nGquza.

Dunusa, v. Turn up the rump (1-nDunu),
as by leaning down over the knees, or
a buck when running, or fowl when
scratching. Cp. talasa; qulusa [Sw.
tupu, naked ; Her. mutundu, naked].

23

DW

Dunusela, ?>. Turn up the rump at a per-
son (ace.) i. e. act in a rude, bold, disre-
spectful way towards him talasela.
N.B. When it is raining, the children
have the custom of going out and turning
up their posteriors towards tin- sky, saying,
as they do so, alisc, 'dimunu ! (let it clear
up, bare rump!), or, 'dimiidunu, malise;
mina ngmg'owamagomo ! bare rump! let
up; 1 am the last born of our fa-

it clear
mily !

Dunuzela, v. (N) = dunusela.

Durru, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = durruza.

Durruza, v. Smash, make crash to pieces,
as an earthen-pot (ace.) by a blow or
fall; smash a person (ace.) i.e. deal him
a blow with a stick, fist, etc., about the
ribs (not head) = dorroza, borroza,
donya.

Dusa, v. (C.N.) abbrev. form of dukisa.

Dushu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = dushuza.

Dushula, v. ■= dushuza.

Dushuza, v. Thump, on any soft or re-
sounding part of the body, as when a
man punches another in the chest, or a
bull thumps off another with a thrust
of its horn = dudhluza.

Duva, v. Get disregarded as of no conse-
quence, be made little of, as anything,
affair, etc. (used in perf.).

i-nDuva, n. Thing disregarded or not car-
ed about, as of little value or impor-
tance, as a frivolous complaint brought
to a chief, or an old piece of property.
Cp. i-nDiva.

Duvaza, v. = divaza.

Duza, v. Make fast, by one of various
methods, the grass already loosely hung
on to the framework of a Native hut
(ace), as by pegging it down with sticks
(= kwenca), by surrounding it with a
network of string, or by covering it all
over with matting.

i(li)-Duze, n. A place near, a short distance
away (with no); loc. eduze or emaduze,
in the vicinity of, within a short distance
from, near (followed by na, or ku).

Ex. ka'Ndabamii kul'uiuxe nalapo iigikona,
Ndabambi's is a short distance from where
I am = ka'Ndabarnbi kus'edux.e i/"/o/>n ngi-
kona.

um-Duze or Duzi, n. 5. Natal Lily, having
a large wdiite flower with pink stripes.

um-Duzu, n. o. White Rhinoceros = um-
Kombe.

i-nDwa, n. Blue Crane (Ardea yrus); fea-
ther of same worn as head ornament.
N.B. This head-feather was presented to

DW

124

DW

full-grown men by the king and was a pre-
liminary sign that the recipients were about
to be called to the honour of wearing the
headring.
isi-Dwa, n. Pink gladiolus (Gladiolus
Ludwigii), common on the veldt, and
the stone-like nut of whose root is placed
by a woman in her seed-gourd and kept
therein all the time she is sewing, it
being supposed to increase the produc-
tiveness of the field. Cp. um-Lunge.

P. uamiua isidwa, he was stuck for (in
the throat") by an isidua (i. e. by one of its
stone-like roots, which are about the size of
a penny-piece and half an inch thick) —
said of a man whose lies have been so ex-
posed that he remains speechless.

umu-Dwa, n. 5. Line, of any description,
whether drawn, planted, etc. Cp. um-
Denda; i(li)-Hele.

u(lu)-Dwa, n. First menstruation of a girl
( the word in now nearly obsolete). See
umrCronqo; tomba.

Ex. kanakuwela wnfula omkulu, lohu ese-
nodwa, she may not cross a broad river, since
she is in her first menstrual period.

bnijr odweni, they have gone to a first
menstruation.

isi-Dwaba, n. Short skin petticoat, worn
round the body above the thighbone
and reaching nearly to the knees = isi-
Kaka.

u(lu)-Dwabu, n. = u(lu)-Dwamba.
Dwabuzela, v. = dwanguzela.
u(lu)-Dwadube, n. Person with thin ema-
ciated body, from sickness or famine.

isi-Dwadwa, n. Any very light yellow com-
plexioned Native ; hence used contemp-
tuously of a man who is 'white' {mhlope,
i. e. poverty-stricken, absolutely proper-
tiless) ; certain shrub having broad cab-
bage-like leaves.

u(lu)-Dwadwa, n. Any ineffectual, vain,
worthless doing, whether of work or
talking (used with enza, Iculuma, etc. =
ii(lu)-Dwalasi); any large, broadly ex-
pansive thing, as a big field or large
stretch of bush-country (= u(lu)-Dada-
ive, "f/t/j-Duduma, u( hi)- Dwala').

u(lu)-Dwadwasholo, n. = u(lu)-Dadasholo.

Dwala, v. Stand or sit silently gazing into
space, as an ox on the veldt when un-
well, or a man standing thinking (not
merely gazing, with motion of the head
or body) on a road or hill (used in
I>'-rf.) - the action is regarded as some-
what eccentric or foolish by the Natives,
they having not yet attained to the habit
of communing within oneself.

1(1 i)- Dwala, n. Large, flat-surfaced ground
rock (not standing perpendicular), such
as in some rivers; hence, very hard
soil [Skr. upalla, rock; Ar. hagar,
stone; Sw. kali, hard; Sen. mw-ala,
stone; Lu. di-yala, stone].

i(li) or u(l u)- Dwala, n. Applied to a wo-
man who, through some malformation
of the sexual organs, is unable to de-
liver at childbirth.

u(lu)-Dwala,?i. = u(lu)-Duduma.

u(lu)-Dwalasi, n. = u(lu)-Dwadiva.

u(lu)-Dwalaza, n. = u(lu)-Duduma.

i-nDwali,w. One of a certain section of

the u-Mbonambi regiment = i-nKonya-

nebomvu.

u(lu)-Dwalimela, n. = u(lu)-Duduma.

um-Dwamba (Dwambha), n. 5. A self-evi-
dent thing, so plain or well-known as
to be beyond denial; a convincing state-
ment, a settler (cp. i-Nqobo) ; any tall,
slender person, tree, etc. (= um-Dwa-
mbayiya).

u(lu)-Dwamba (Divambha), n. Thoroughly
weak, infirm person ; a confirmed inva-
lid (= u(lu)-Nwabu, u(lu)-Divabu); ugly
end, unpleasant climax, as of a person
or affair, as an icala or a persistent
outbreak of sickness in a kraal.

Phr. sengati ungaba ndwamba lapexulu!
would that you may be an invalid of on the
surface (not under the ground, i. ?. dead) —
expressing one's sympathy and good wishes
to a friend who is a chronic invalid.

wox'abe nodwamba, he will eventually
come to a bad end.

koxa kugcine ngodwambn, it will come
to something ugly at the end.

um-Dwambayiya (Dwambhayiya),n. 5. Any
tall person or thing, as tree = um-Diva-
mba.

i-nDwandwe, n. — see i-Ndwandive.

u(lu)-Dwani, n. Single blade or stalk of
dry grass. Cp. izi-nGrwabi [prob. akin
to u(bu)-Tshani\.

Phr. tis'epapile, us'ehamba exindwani, he
has gone wrong (become temporarily wild
and rude), he is now walking among the dry
grass (not on the path).

ixindicani sexigoba, the dying grass-blades
are now bending i. e. losing their summer
erectness = the summer is past, the winter
is nigh.

umfula udhla ixindicani, or uxa yiexi-
ndwani, the river cuts along the edge of the
grass-stalks, or comes along with grass-
stalks, i. e . the river is full, reaching to the
grass alongside.

i-nDwangu, n. Cloth, of any kind; a cloth,

DW

125

DW

as for the table, etc.; sometimes used
for flag [the word is of modern intro-
duction into Zululand, probably from the
Cape; cp. Xo. ukuti divangu, to spread
out, as a cloth].

i(li)-Dwangubane, n. Running weed (Com-
melina sp.), having light green leaves
and a tiny blue flower, very common
and troublesome in fields.

Dwanguzela, v. Walk with effort, drag one-
self along, as an infirm person scarcely
able to stand or go = dwabuzela.

isi-Dwanukazana (s. k.), n. femin. dim. of
isi-Dwenene.

Dwanula, or Dwanuza, v. Do broadly, large-
ly, in a stretched out manner, as
when ploughing, demanding endlessly
lobola presents, etc.

Dwasha or Dwashela, v. Eat food (ace.)
of a soft pappy nature and generally
pleasant to the palate, as a nice por-
ridge = twahla, nwaya.

u(lu)-Dwashela, n. Any food delicious to the
taste and soft, pappy, semi-liquid to the
mouth = u(lu)-Nwayela. See dwasha.

i-nDwayimana, n. Sling, almost identical
in make with that common among
European boys, and formerly used by
the Zulus for driving away birds from
the corn-fields.

Dwayizela, v. Stride along, take long strides
in walking.

Dweba, v. Draw, as a line (ace); draw
lines, delineate, as figures or pictures
('ace.) on paper or a wall; scratch, as a
thorn or cat a person (ace. = rrtveba;
cp. enwaya).

isi-Dwedwe, n. Any old discarded piece
of cloth, a rag ; pi. izi-Dwedwe, old rags,
soiled raiment, etc., containing the body-
dirt of people and collected by an umta-
kati for his evil practices.

u-Dwedwedwe, n. Certain kind of rush or
marsh-grass, larger than the i-nCinini.

i(li), or i-nDwele, n. Sharp, smart, clever
person = i-nDtvelemana.

i-nDwelemana, n. = i-nDtvele.

u(lu)-Dwendwe, n. Train or file of people
or cattle, moving or standing one be-
hind the other (generally longer than
the i(li)-Hele, may-be a dozen persons
or more, and less than the u(lu)-Jenga) ;
in an especial sense, the train of people
accompanying a girl to her wedding,
the bridal-party; used to express 'a
long train or crowd, a large number',
as of people arriving in a kraal, going
along a road, etc.

Ex. amaxambane atshahca ixindivendwe,

potatoes are planted
the other.

in rows, one after

isi-Dwenene, n. Female organ (in human-
beings though seldom used in this
sense, save as below - see u(lu)-Debe;
i(li)-Lebe; i-nTlunu; i(ii)-Golo); a 'female
thing' — word of contempt used to fe-
male persons = isi-Dwenekazana.

Ex. kaxalanga; ixiihcotr.ne lexi La* i halloa,
she gave birth to nobody ; this female thing (or
girl) is, of course, not counted (as any thing).

isi-Dwenekazana (s.k.),n. dim. of stronger
contempt of the above.

Dwengula. v. Do any thing 'largely,' in
an extensive, long-drawn manner, as
plough a very large field, walk a great
distance, talk much, never getting to
the end (— bedula); tear, rend, as a
piece of cloth (ace. = rrebula).

i(li), or um-Dweshu, n. 5. Long strip of
cloth, skin, etc., as might be torn off
from a broad piece f= i(li)-Twishi, i(li)-
Dwishi, um-Sweswe); hence, strip of
ploughed land, etc.

u(lu)-Dweshim. Endless consequences (gen.
unpleasant) brought about by some-
thing one has done.

Ex. indaba (or utshwald) ingasusa udweshu,

the matter (or beer-drinking, etc.) may bring
along or give rise to unpleasant after-effects.

um-Dweza, n. 5. Kind of weaver-bird,
building a hanging nest.

DwY, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rend, tear up, as
a piece of cloth (ace. = dwisha, dwe-
ngula); get so rent; get rent i.e. break
apart, break, as the dawn, or the clouds
during a temporary clearing up from
rain (cp. ukuti ntve); come to regain
one's senses, after being drunk, etc.
(with qabuka).

Ex. ixulu selite dici, the sky has now got
parted in twain, the rain-clouds have broken
to clear up.

Dwi, ukuti (ukuthi - with prolongation of
the vowel), v. Go or be perfectly straight,
as a furrow, tree, etc. (= ukuti twi;
twishika); whiz or whir, as a stone or
bullet flying (= dwiza).

i(li)-Dwi, n. Kind of black-backed toad,
said to be used by abatakati for poison-
ing purposes, being mixed with human
placenta. Cp. i(li)-Sele.

Dwisha, v. Raise up the eyebrows (with
izi-nTshiyi), expressing sarcasm, a sly
hint, etc. ; rend, or slit up, as a piece of
cloth or a hide (= dwengula, ukuti dwi).

i(li), or um-Dwishi, n. 5. = um-Dweshu.
Dwiza, v. Whiz or whir, as a stone or
bullet flying by = ukuti diri.

126

ED

E

H in Zulu always has the continental sound,
-*~^ as in the English words 'merry' or
' there '

Of this sound there are three varieties — (1),
a -hurt c. as in the word cebebe (be flat); (2),
a full e, as generally exemplified in the penul-
timate of words, e. </. in the word ccba (inform
against i ; io>, a long e, non-existent in English,
e.g. in the word ceba (be wealthy), and most
conveniently distinguished in script by the
sigu cc.

E, pers.pron. in participial form for nouns
in the 3rd. pers. sing, of the 1st. cl., and
in the 3rd. pers. plur. of the 2nd. cl.

Ex. wati umlungu, ebona loko, the white
man, seeing that.

ati amakosi, extra I oho, the chiefs, hearing
that.

E, rel. pron. for nouns sing, of the 3rd.
cl. with the prefix a short i; and nouns
plur. of the 5th. cl. with the prefix imi;
this rel. pron. is also used in the for-
mation of rel. sentences marking pos-
session.

Ex. inja edhlayo lapa, the dog that eats
here.

imiti ekluma lapa, plants which grown here.

E, int. Hail ! ah ! yes ! — this is the com-
mon expi'ession used as introductory
particle in politely addressing oneself
to another, or when about to commence
a speech.

Ex. e! 'mngane! hail, friend! — said by
way of announcing oneself ( kulelca ) upon ar-
rival before a hut-door.

e! benyiti ngiydkivnitshela, ah! I was
wishing to tell you, etc.

E (much longer drawn in pronunciation
than the preceding), int. Oh, I see -
as when recognising some correction, etc.

E, verb. part, contracted from ke q. v.

Ex. esibo! (or esibone), let us see!
engibonc! may I just see!

Eba (pass, ebiwa), v. Steal anything (ace.)
i. e. take surreptitiously or without any
knowledge of the owner (not plunder =
panga) == ba. Cp. ntshontsha. [Sw. Ba.
MZT. iba, rob; Ga. bia; Ngu. bawa;
San. ija; Kwafi. eboro],

Ebana, v. Steal or get possession of one
another surreptitiously, without the fa-
ther's knowledge— used euphemistically
for the indulging in sexual intercourse
of children and young people. Cp. hlo-
bonga.

Ebanda, v. banda.

ulw-Ebu, a. = um-Ebuzo; 1-nWebn.

P. uyam'ebula ulwebu, you are peeling
him off the skin from his sore = you are
renewing again his pain — said to one who
is afflicting a person already cast down with
some sorrow, re-opening old sores.

Ebuka (s. k.), v. Get peeled off, stripped
off, as the thin outer skin of a plum, or
the bark of a tree — see ebula; get cast,
as the old skin from a snake — see ebuza
= obuka.

Ebula, v. Peel off the light outer skin-
covering (ace.) of a thing (doub. ace),
as the skin of a plum (not of an orange,
as too thick = hluba); strip off, as the
bark of a tree (properly of thin bark,
but used also of thick) ; strip, as tam-
bootie grass (ace), removing the ragged
outer sheaths (= hluba). Cp. ebuza.
[Sw. ambua, peel; Her. puha].

Phr. inkabi y'ebul'umunga (or y'obul'umu-
nya), an ox, having peeled a mimosa, *'. e.
an ox having a black body but white face
and chest — looking like an wnunya trunk
with a strip of bark peeled off showing a
white stripe in front. Cp. i-mPemou.

Ebuza, v. Cast off, as a snake or beetle,
its former skin (ace.) or covering. See
ebula; um-Ebuzo. Cp. hluba.

um, or ulw-Ebuzo, n. 5. Thin outer skin
of anything, such as can be peeled off,
e.g. the cast-off skin of a snake, new
skin covering a healing sore, skin of a
plum, or the outer-skin (epidermis) ge-
nerally of the human body = uhv-Ebu,
ulw-Obu, ulw-Obuzo; i-nWebu. See
ebula; ebuza.

Ecini, adv. On purpose (C.N.).

Ecwecwa, v. (C.N.) = Cwecwa.

u-Edana, n. A standing erect 'alone' (ye-
divana) on the feet, as an infant learn-
ing to stand (with ukw-enza) — from
the custom of the nurse-girl repeating
to the child edana, whereupon it makes
an effort to stand. See teleka.

Eduka, v. = Duka.

Eduze, adv. Near, in the vicinity of (fol-

* lowed by na, or ku). See i(li)-Duze.

Edwa, adj. obsolete word (— odwa)
only appearing in conjunction with pro-
nominal particles of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd.
pers. sing, to express 'only,' 'alone:' -
thus, ngedwa, (I) alone, by myself; we-
dwa, (you) alone, by yourself; yedwa,
(he) alone, by himself. See odwa [Ga.
Ka. eka, or oka, alone, merely ; Her.
Sw. peke, alone].

Ex. a ha in hr ijedtva, he has gone alone, by
himself.

EF

127

EK

kayedwa lo'mfana, he is not alone is this
boy = there is something up with him, may
he some physical ailment or some fault he
is guilty of.

Efunda, v. = Funda.

Efuza, v. = Fuza.

Egcwala, v. = Gcwala.

Ekadeni, adv. See i(li)-Kade.

Ehe (with final vowel accentuated and
prolonged), adv. expressing assent, ap-
proval, admission, etc., similar to, though
with more extended use than the Eng.
'yes' (not customarily used when simply
affirming = yebo); also used by girls
when loudly laughing [Arawak, S. Amer.
ehe, yes; Abipones, Paraguay, hee; Bo.
Sha. Ze. ehe'e; Kag. hee; Suk. Hu. Mamb.
ee; Heh. Ben. eena].

Ex. ehe! qinisa kona lapo, that's it! peg
awa*y just there.

ehe! kodwa anyisltougu ukuba ay it ate, yes
(I admit that); but I did not say that he
should take it (the money).

Ehe (with first vowel accentuated), adv. ex-
pressing assent, approval, etc., similarly
to Eng. 'yes' (used mostly by females
or to children).

Ehene, int. = ehe (mostly used to or by
children).

Eh la, v. Come down, go down, descend,
as a person gradually down from top
to bottom of a hill (with loc. or ku; also
with ace), or from the upper to the
lower part of a kraal, or from up-country
down towards to coast = ewuka); come
down off, as off a horse or elevated
place (with loc. or ku = ehlika); run
down, as water down the sides of a
vessel (with nga); be inclined, falling
from the level, as a plank or hillside;
sink downwards, as the roof of a hut
when overweighted above, or sediment
in a vessel; come down on one (ace),
as with a sound rating or a heavy blow
(with nga); come down, light, as sleep
at night; come down, happen, befall, as
a serious occurrence or an omen upon
a kraal (with loc); go down, be swal-
lowable i.e. eatable, as food of bad qual-
ity [Sw. shuka, descend].

Phr. ung'ehla ugapezulu, uyangipoqa, he
comes down upon me from above (i. e. is
just throwing himself violently dowu upon
me), he is thrusting the whole thing upon
me — may be said by one person of another
who has brought an accusation against him
of which he is absolutely ignoraut.

kwehla indaba! there has come down au
event ! = it has happened, we are in for it
now!

angisadhli 'Iwehlayo (= uto olweklayo), I

00 longer eat any descending thing = I do
longer enjoy any food, everything seems un-
swallowable, unpalatable.

kwehla indhlovu! there came down an
elephant! — remark made upon the appear-
ance of a girl with small buttocks, the
elephant being conspicuous for the smallness
of its hinder quarters.

ukw-ehla kwegundeme. See i(li)-Pa*olo.

Ehlakala (s.k.),v. Get come down, de-
scended, happened, etc., as above

Eh lane, - see i(li)-Hlane.

Ehlela, v. Come down upon, as a thing
falling upon one (with, jyezu); befall, hap-
pen to, as ill-fortune a person (ace);
alight on, as a bird on a tree (loc);
come or go down into, etc.

Phr. umxrimba tv'ekfcla pantsi, (myj body
sank down = all the strength was taken
out of it, I was utterly overpowered (by the
staggering charge, terrible report, over-
powering amazement, etc.).

Ehlika (s.k.),v. Get down off, come or
go down off, as a person from off any
elevated position, as from a horse, table
or the roof of a hut (with loc. or ku).

Ehlisa, v. Cause to come down, hence,
bring down, take down, send down, let
down, lower (= ewusa); yield, let flow-
freely, as a cow its milk or the heavens
rain.

Phr. inkomaxi sey'ehlisa c/t/ti/ii, the cow
has now brought it down from up the tree
= has just commenced to show an enlarging
udder, about a month or so before calving.
Cp. falca; xekisa.

utmmtu abeme kusih/ica, 'enxele ukwehlisa
ubutongo, a person takes snuff in the evening
in order to bring down sleep.

ixulit Vehlisile narnldanje, the heavens have
let down (rain) to-day = have poured it down
in steady soaking abundance (as a heavy
land-rain, not thunderstorm i.

am-Ehlo,?i. See i(li)-Hlo.

Ejwayela, v. = Jwayela.

Ekama (Ekhama -- perf. ekheme), v. Have
the mouth open; be open as the mouth
(the word is no longer used in this
sense, except in causative form Kamisa
q. v.) ; hence, talk away inordinately,
have the mouth always on the move (in
a bad sense), as one who has the habit
of gossiping scandal about the doings
of others, or who can't withhold himself
from an incessant jabbering or abusing
when put out. See i(li)-lfan>balikeme.

Ekata, v. = Kata.

Ekaya, adv. see i(li)-Kaya.

EL

Ela, v. Winnow grain (ace.) — the Native
custom is to hold the grain, contained
in a basket, high in the air and allow
it to fall into another vessel below, the
wind carrying off the chaff.

Phr. tdao-ela intsema, to bowl the intsema
q. v., to 'pour it out' along the ground.

Elakanya (s. k.J, v. Lie flat or spread out
on the top of, as one blanket in a pile
on the top of another (with pezu) ; follow
immediately after, 'on the top of, as
one war after another.

Elakanyana (s.k.),v. Lie flat one on the
top of another, as one book on another
in a pile, or one blanket over another
on a bed; follow one another imme-
diately, one on top of the other, as two
successive years of abundance or two
wars following each other closely ; be
thickly numerous, as a great collection
of cattle or multitude of people. Cp.
elekela.

Elakanyisa (s. k.), v. Make lie, lay or place
flat or spread out one on top of the other,
as one blanket over another (with pezu)
on a bed ; add one thing on (with pezu)
another, in any sense, real or meta-
phorical. Cp. eleka.

Ex. ulala 'elakanyisile, he sleeps under a
pile of blankets (not beneath a mere single
one).

Elama, v. Come after or follow in point
of birth i. e. born subsequently to, as
one child after another (ace.) — not im-
mediately (= emhlana), but at any sub-
sequent period, and not necessarily of
the same, but even of other parents ;
follow after in rank, arrival, marriage,
formation, etc., as one wife another into
the married state whether in the same
or different kraals, or as one regiment
following another as to period of for-
mation; come across unexpectedly, find
by chance, as a knife (ace.) on the road
(= elamela, kanda). [Sw. andama,
follow]. See elamana.

Ex. n gang' elama, kodwa akang'elami
emhlana, he comes after me (= was born
after me), but he does not follow me on the
back (= was not born immediately after me
of the same mother).

Elamana, v. Come after one another in
'lint of birth and from the same mother.

iz-Elamane, n. Persons following one an-
other in birth from the same mother.

Elamela, v. Come across unexpectedly,
find by chance = elama, kanda.

um-Elanya, n. (C.N.) = um-Lanya.

Elapa (Elapha), v. Treat, give medical at-
tendance to, as a doctor attending on a

128 EL

sick person (ace.) i. e. prescribing for or
administering medicine to him ; do or
make a thing (ace.) with unusual ex-
pertness or skill.

Ex. inya/nga yokwelapa, a medical doctor
(not an inyanga yokubula or witch-doctor).

uy'elapa, he practises medicine.

kal'enxa, waV elapa, he didn't make it, it
was simply magic.

Eleka (s.k.),v. Put a smaller thing (ace.)
by way of an extra, on the top of, in
addition to, over and above some greater
quantity already there, as a piece of
pumpkin (ace.) on the top of a pot of
mealie-grains (with loc, ku, or pezu) or
a few dumbis on a pot of sweet-pota-
toes; lay heavy upon the mind of a
person' (ace), causing worry or concern,
as some difficult work that must be
undertaken, or some disturbing rumour
of a serious nature; pass blood (ace.)
from the bowels, after and upon the
stools, have dysentery ; move a person
(ace.) to do a thing, get over him by
some power or influence supposed to
emanate from the person of another
(ngesitunzi), as when a person requests
something great of another and moves
him to give, or advises an erring man
and gets him to act [Sw. eleka, bear
on the back ; Ga. bereka, bear on the
back = Z. belela].

Ex. ukwelwe isisu, uy'eleka, he is troubled
with the bowels, he is passing blood (from
dysentery).

lowd1 mfoka%i uni'elekile (ngesitunzi) umlu-
ngu, that stranger (who came begging a blan-
ket of him) has got over the whiteman (has
moved him, to grant his request).

Velekile ixulu, the sky has laid on = has
become covered with clouds, as upon a
south-wester rising.

ku'Bani sekivelekwe ikasi, with So-and so
the leaf is already laid over = he is almost
dead, is already in extremis, as good as
buried. See i{li)-Kasi, um-Ndonclo, um-Xwele.

ivas'em'eleka induku, thereupon he put
the stick upon him, = pitched into him
with it.

angina'kulima, ng'elekwa usixi lapa eka-
ya, I am unable to hoe, bearing as I am
affliction here at home {e.g. of a dying
child).

Elekeka (s. k.), v. Get laid upon by some-
thing over and above; get burdened, as
with troubles befalling one.

Elekela (s. k.), v. Put in addition to, or
something extra for; come or go to aid
one, bring one (ace.) assistance, extra
help, as when a woman goes to assist
another with the hut she is thatching,

X

EL

or one party goes off to the aid of ano-
ther in a fight (= telela).

Elekelana (s. k.), o. Aid one another mutu-
ally.

Elekelela (s. k.), v. == elekela.

is-Elekelo (s. k.), n. That which is added

as an extra to, over and above — see

eleka.

Elekezela (s. k.) v. Fortify oneself against
evil by eating medicinal charms of some
kind, as when a person mixes certain
charms with the first fruits of a new
season so as to secure himself against
any ill that might be in the crops about
to be harvested, or in a like manner a
chief at the um-kosi, or the adults of a
kraal taking a 'mouthful' of the flesh of
some animal, as porcupine, not general-
ly eaten, so that he may not bear
children with any resemblance to that
particular animal (see u(lu)-Fuza).

is-Eleko (s. k.), n. = is Elekelo.

Elelesa, v. Work serious evil to or at, as
the lightning would be considered to do
when striking a kraal, or a snake when
biting a person (ace); do grievous wrong
of a criminal nature, as when setting
fire to a neighbour's kraal or malicious-
ly injuring his stock.

Ex. ixulu I'elelesile ha Bant, the lightning
has worked evil at So-and so's = has struck
something, always a bad portent with the
Natives.

inyoka yam'elelesa umuntu izolo, a snake
did a person serious harm yesterday.

us'etand'ukwelelesa, he now wants, or is
inclined to do, something seriously wrong,
something crimiual ; or to walk in the
way of crime.

is-Elelesi, n. One who habitually works
crime, a criminal-doer.

Eluka (s. k.), v. Get off (i. e, cease being
upon), as off a mat (with ku) upon which
one is lying, or off a person on whom
one is reclining; pass off, as the effects
of alcohol, hemp, etc., from a person
(ace); get off, away from, out of the
way of (with ku, also ace), as anything
undesirable when in too close proximi-
ty, or a person blocking the way ; also
— aluka. Cp. deda.

Ex. utshwala sebum'elukile, the beer has
now got off him, has released him from its
effects, i. e. its effects have passed away.

us'elukiwe manje utshwala lobu, he is now
free from that beer, i. e. is no longer under
its influence or effects.

ny'eluko ! get off or away from me !

X.B. We may here remark that iu
Zululaud, the imperative does not, as is the

129 EN

case in the Natal language, always and by
rule change its final vowel into an e when
preceded by an accusative pronoun ; in the
former country both forms, the unchanged
and the changed imperative, arc in daily
use.

Elukela (s. k.), v. Get off for, as off a mat
(with loc. or ku) for some person (ace);
get away, out of the way for, as for a
person (ace) wishing to pass. Cp. de-
dela.

Eloku (s. k.), adv. = seloku.

Elula, v. Extend, lay out at length, as
any long foldable thing like a roll
of carpet (ace), mat, or piece of string ;
stretch out to full size, length, breadth,
etc., as a garment (ace) that has shrunk ;
straighten out to full size, length, etc.,
as a garment that has got crumpled,
or one's leg or arm = olula. Cp.
qibula; endhlala; eneka.

Ex. ■u-ku-x'elu/a, to stretch oneself, as a
person on rising, or a cat.

ab-Elungu, n. = aba-Lungu - - see um-
Lungu.

Etna, v. = Ma.

Emana, v. — ncishana.

Ex. indoda ey'emanayo, a mean, niggardly
man who wont give anything.

Emandulo, adv. = Mandulo.

Emba, v. = Mba.

Embata, v. = Ambata.

Embesa,?;. == Ambesa.

urn-Em besa or Embeso (Embhesa or
Embheso), n. 5. Small shrub, the bark
of whose roots is used as an emetic for
chest-complaints and snake-bite, as lotion
for eyes, and dried as powder for killing
head-lice; the wood is also burnt and
sniffed at for head-ache = um-Mbeza.

Eminaloku (s.k.), adv. = nanamhla-loku.

Emisa, v. = Misa.

Emita, v. — Mita.

Emuka, v = Muka.

Emu la, v. = Omnia; anuria.

Emuleka, v. == Amuleka.

Emuva, or Emva, adv.; prep. — see umu-
Va.

Ena, /'. Be grown entanglingly thick, dense,
as grass along a path, undergrowth
in a wood, or a dense entanglement
of creepers in a bush (not trees in a
forest or mealies in a field = cinana,
minyana); be luxuriantly prosperous,
wealthy, as a man with many cattle or
wives (= nota) [Lat. densus, thick ; Sw.
Ga. nene, dense].

EN

130

EN

Ex kwenile kabi kuleli'xwe, vegetation is
unpleasantly overgrown, thick, in this country,
as when- the rank grass is frequently breast-
high along the paths.

uBani uy' in/cost, w'enile, So-and-so is a
lord, he is exuberantly rich.

ukw-Ena (s. k.)f n. Thick over-abundantly-
grown grass, bush-entanglements, and
the like, such as one would clear from
a path.

Enaba, v. = Naba.

Enabalala, v. = Nabalala.

Enakala, /-. (C.N.) = Onakala.

Enama, v. Be generally happy at heart,
blissful, exhilarated, contented, comfort-
able in mind (not casually rejoice =
jabula), as when pleasant times are
being enjoyed, or after partaking of
intoxicating liquors (used in perf. eneme
or enamile) = noma. Cp. jabula, sasa
[Ga. esima, be happy; Bo. enelwa, be
pleased].

Ex uy'enamela pextt kwami, he is glad
over me i.e. at my misfortune, etc.
Enana, /•. Seek or obtain (a thing - ace.)
in exchange for (something offered
with nga). Cp. tsheleka. . See below
enanela.

Ex. uNomadoda uy'enana imitombo ku
'Nobafaxi ngamabele ake, Nomadoda seeks
malt of Nobafazi in exchange for her
Kafir-corn.

iwa Uy'enana ixwi lami ngelalo, the cliff
receives ray word in exchange for its own (not
gives back or echoes my word = enanela).

Enanana, v. Exchange mutually one thing
for another, reciprocate one another with
two things (ace).

Ex. uNomadoda noNobafaxi bay'enanana
imitombo namabele, Nomadoda and Nobafazi
exchange mutually malt and Kafir-corn.

Enanela, v. Take or receive (from a per-
son ncc, a thing, ace.) in exchange
for (.something given - with nga) —
the thought in this case is, in the Native
mind, identical with that of enana above,
save that here it is performed for or in
behalf of the other party) ; reciprocate
(not exactly echo), as a cliff a person's
voire (acc.) i. c. receive it in exchange
for another of its own. See enana.

Ex. uNobafaxi uy am' enanela uNomadoda
amabeli ngemitombo yoke, Nobafazi receives
from Nomadoda Kafir-corn in exchange for
her malt.

i irr i Uy'enanela for liyany'enamla) ixwi
lami (ngelalo), the cliff receives (or receives
from me) my voice (in exchange for its own,
which it sends back to me).

Enanezela, v. Cheer, shout for joy at, ap-
plaud, as a body of men their chief
(acc.) on his arrival or whenever he
makes a speech, or a hunter a buck
(acc.) when he has run it down (see
mamo), or a kraal a beast (acc.) that has
been presented to them (comp. bonga);
cheer, do for from joy or gratefulness,
applaud, as a man might his ancestral
spirits (acc.) by slaughtering a beast
gratuitously in their honour, 'they not
having called for it' by the happening
of any sign or the word of any witch-
doctor.

Cheer, shout of joy or suc-
See enanela.

is-Enanelo, n.
cess; echo.

Enceka (s. k.), v. Lean against, recline back
upon, as a person standing and resting
the body against a post (with loc, ku,
or nga), or one sitting with the back
reclining against a wall (= eyama); go
along a river i. e. up or down it without
crossing (with nga — eyama); lean
against (metaphorically), rely upon (with
nga) for support, help, or protection in
some action, upon an influential friend;
take advantage of, make use of in order
to suit personal convenience, as a per-
son who, unable to get to the store
himself, takes advantage of somebody
else (with nga or ku) going there to do
the purchasing through him, or a per-
son who, having nobody to accompany
him on a journey, takes advantage of
the journeying of some other party tra-
velling in the same direction (cp. siza-
kala); incline towards, in an abstract
sense, as the resemblance of a boy in-
clining rather to the father (with ku)
than the mother - the use of the word
in these latter senses is very sparing
and only in certain connections, and
cannot therefore be indiscriminately ap-
plied = encika. Cp. engama. [Her.
zika, lean against; Sw. lekea, lean to-
wards].

Ex. ingubo yami (ukufana kwayo) iy'enceka
kweka'Bani, my blanket (as to its resem-
blance) leans towards that of So-aud-so.

imixi iyaneekana, the two kraals are side
by side, almost joined together.

mina angina'nkomo yobisi, ngiyakweneeka
ngexabantu, I have no milch-cow myself, I
shall take advantage of (make use of) those
of the Natives.

ngiyakweneeka ngaye uVakana (ukuhamba
naye), I shall rely upon Vakana (to go with
him) — perhaps into the royal-kraal.

Encekisela (s. k.), v. Cause to make a con-
venience of, or take advantage of —
rarely used.

EN

Ex. bas'enxa ixikibiU: s'encekiseltoe ngo~
mbala ukuba siingemhlope, they make slaves
of us; they are caused to take advantage of
us on account of our colour, in that we are
not white.

Encika (s. k.), v. = enceka.

Enda, v. Marry, or take a husband (ace),
as a girl (= gana); die, as one of a
couple of twins, in which case the word
uku-fa is not used (see yoduka) [ pos-
sibly originally meaning 'to go off —
see um-Endo, beaten track — Sw; Ro.
Aug. Ru. Hinz. Kamb. enda, go; Her.
Gal. San. yenda, go ; Ya. jenda, go ; Ga.
Kon. genda, go; Ko. ivena, go; Hu.
enno, go; otherwise akin to tanda, love:
Kamb. ku-enda, to love; Go. wenda,
love].

Ex. intombi ka'Bani yam'enda umuntu
omubi for i/endela kuyc), So-and-so's daugh-
ter married a bad person.

Phr. wig'endi! don't go and sit down
i. e. delay or loiter there, as though you had
come to marry into the kraal.

Endhlala, v. Lay down or spread flat out
anything (ace.) for sleeping or lying
upon, as a mat for a man or grass for
a horse (to spread out a mat on the
grass for airing would be ukw-eneka).
See endhhda.

Endhlaleka, (s. k.), v. Get spread out flat, as
above.

Phr. ubuso bake b'endhlalekik. his face is
spread flat out, i. e. he has a broad flat face.

End hie, adv. Out in the open away from
the kraal, in the veldt or fields. Cp.
pandhle [Sw. nje, out of doors].

Ex. into y as' endkle, a wild (not domesti-
cated or cultivated) thing.

salala endhle, we slept in the open (i. e.
not in any kraal).

hija iyatenwa endhle, a dog is castrated
out away from the kraal.

uku-ya endhle, to go outside (for pur-
poses of nature) = uku-ya ngapandhle.

ub-Endhle, or Endhle (Eendhle), n. Small
veldt-plant (Gazania longiscapa), whose
flower (isi-Pepane) is eaten, and the
white under-skin of wrhose leaves was
formerly used, before the advent of
beads and after the disuse of the urn-
Kindi q. v., for making the fringed loin-
covering worn by girls; hence, such a
fringed-girdle = n-Bendhle, See isi-
Gege; um-Nenezo.

Endhlula, v. Take up anything (ace.) that
has been spread out for sleeping or
lying on, as a sleeping-mat or stable-
bedding. See endhlala.

Endisa, v. Cause, make, assist, permit a

131 EN

girl (ace.) to marry a person (ace, or
with ela form and ku), as might her
father; marry off a girl (ace), i.e. put
her through by providing all the neces-
sary slaughter beasts, presents, etc., for
the occasion, as her father should do.

Ex. ngiyakukwendisa, 'Mpande/ I will
send you to get married, by Mpande I will
— a common threat made by a father to a
naughty girl.

Endisela, v. Marry a girl (ace.) to some
man (with ku), as her father might do.

um-Endo, n. 5. The marx'iage affair; mar-
ried life used by women.

um-Endo (Eendo—p\. im-Eendo), n.o. Much
used path, well beaten track (of people,
not cattle — see um-Zila) = um-Gudv.
[see enda].

Phr. umendo wake mubi, his path i. e. life
is bad — he leads a bad life.

Endwamela, Endwebela, Endwemela, v. -
ndwamela; ndwebela; ndivemela.

Eneka (s. k.), v. Spread out broadly, as a
garment (ace.) on the grass to dry, or
grain on the ground, or a sack (i. e. its
mouth) when opening it, or one's arms
when throwing them out crosswise when
lying down asleep. Cp. endhlala; elula.
[Lat. tendo, I stretch; Sw. eneza, spread
out; Ga. anika; Her. nyaneka],

Enela, v. = anela.

Enezela, v. Increase a thing (ace.) hy ad-
ding more, as porridge on a boy's plate
or grain in a measure when the quan-
tity is found fault with; do the more,
as a stubborn child who increases his
crying when reproved [Sw. eneza,
spread out, increase].

Ex. y'iloku ngiti akatule, y'iloku 'enezela
ukukuluma, the more I tell him to be silent,
the more he increases his talk.

Enezelela, v. = enezela.

Engama (pert", engeme), v. Lean over, as a
person over a desk to see what is be-
hind it (with ace, loe, ku, or pezu), or
over a cliff to see down below, or over
a sick person in bed ; hang over, over-
hang, as a tree inclining over a cutting
(ace) or an impending cliff over a person
standing beneath it; overshadow by
inspiring with awe, reverence, respect,
as an exalted personage might by his
dignified bearing when among others;
overlook, as a kraal the river (ace)
above which it is built = nkonkomisa.
[Her. hendama, hang over; Bo. egamia,
lean upon; Sw. inarna, lean].

Ex. leyo'niombi ib1 engeme bonke ngesitu-

ir.i, that girl overshadows all (others in the

9*

EN 1

company by her respect-inspiring, dignified
bearing, or noble appearance, etc.

umuxi trakiti w'engetne pexu kweJara, our

kraal looks down over the Jara (river).

is-Engco, n. Sweetheart (C.N. from Xo. is-
Angco). See isi-Gxebe.

Engeza. v. Add further or again, on to
what is already there, or has already
been done, as another handful of potatoes
(ace.) into the basket (with ku or loc.),
or a further paragraph when reading
= tasisela. Cp. enezela, jobelela [Sw.
ongeza, add to; Her. ueza, add].

Engezela, or Engezelela, v. Add further or
again on to, into, etc.

Engula, v. Skim off, as cream (ace.) off
milk or scum off boiling water [Sw.
engua, skim; Her. tyenga, skim].

um-Engulo, n. 5. = um-Ongulo.

um-Enke (s.k,),n.5. (C.N.) = i-nJalo.

um-Eno, n. 5. Thick, tangled overgrowth
of grass or bush-creepers, as along the
coast where vegetation is luxuriant. See
e?i a.

Enqaka (s. k.), v. = Nqaka.

Enqakelela (s.k.), v.= Nqakelela.

Enqena, v. Be indolent, indisposed to ac-
tivity; be disinclined towards, dislike,
from indolence, sluggishness or un-
willingness, as to do any work (with
ace. or infin.) ; have the energy taken
out of one, i. e. be filled with anxiety or
worry about (used in perf.), as about a
dangerously ill person (with nya or ace),
or a child going on a journey, or a
person coming and no food or provision
ready for him ( = ukuba nopazi) —
nqena. Cp. vilapa.

Ex. into embi ku'bantu ulcwenqena, a bad
characteristic of the Natives is indolence (to
do anything).

ngiy'enqma namhla, I don't feel inclined
to-day (to go to church).

ngim'enqene umlungu ukuba uyawufika
■iti-ni, I am flunied or in anxiety about the
whiteman as to what he will say.

is-Enqeni, n. Sluggish, indolent, lazy-
natured person, habitually disinclined
to do any work or exertion = isi-Nqeni.

Enqenisa, v. Cause a person (ace.) to have
the energy taken out of him, cause him
to be anxious or worried, as a very
rich child might its mother = ukw-enza
upazi.

Enqika (s. k.), v. (C.N.) = enceka.

Entini, adv. — see i-nTL

Entla (s. t.), adv. Up above (in locality),
as up-country, at the upper end of a
kraal, or at the further or back part of

32 EN

a hut (used with na or kwa). Cp. eza-
ntsi; pezulu; enyuka.

Ex. entla nomuxi, up above in the kraal
i. c. in the higher parts ; entla kwomuxi, up
above the kraal *. e. outside of it, up behind
it — though these two expressions are some-
times indiscriminately applied.

s'ake entla nomHlatuxe, we live up, or on
the upper, Mhlatuze.

kupuka. uye ng'entla, go up i. e. to the
upper part of the kraal, table, etc.

asiwa'ntla, asiba'ntla, ng'owa'ntla, ng'aba-
'ntla (= akasiye owas'entla, etc.), he is not,
they are not, he is, or they are, up-couutry
people.

Entlanye, adv. (C.N.) = ntlanye.

Enu,poss. pron. plur. Your (used in con-
junct, with plur. words of the 2nd. cl.
having ama as prefix) [Sw. Her. enu;
Chw. MZT. Cong. eno].
Ex. amaxwi enu, your words.

Enwaba, v. (C.N.) = naba.

Enwaya, v. Scratch (with the nails) or
rub (with the pointed fingers) any
itching place on the body = nwaya. Cp.
dweba, rrweba [Her. nyaa, scratch].

Ex. ake ung'enwaye ikanda (ox ekanda),
please scratch my head (or scratch me on
the head).

inkomo iyax'enwaya emtini, the cow is
rubbing itself against the tree.

Enyanya (Enyaanya), v. Dislike with re-
pugnance, have a strong disgust for or
aversion to, as filthily-prepared food
(ace), a person whose company is dis-
agreeable, or low talk. Comp. nenga
[Her. ovi-nguangua, disgust].

Enyela, v. Be sprained, as one's ankle or
wrist (or person himself, with ace. or
loc. of joint); be dislocated, put out of
joint, as any joint-bone; be put out (of
humour), dissatisfied, displeased, as a
person might by some disliked action
or speech of another, or by being given
less drink or snuff than is sufficient to
satisfy his appetite; be put out of sorts,
as a pot or the food in it, by being
supplied with insufficient fuel or fire,
be or become uneasy of mind, discon-
certed, disturbed, abashed, as a thief
when in company he hears insinuating
remarks made about thieves, or a per-
son whose intimate companion has
shown himself to be a rogue (cp. zi-
Nyeza; zi-Ncinza).

Ex. nifcnycle nnyawo (ox onyaweni), I am
sprained (not 'have sprained') as to my foot
r= I have sprained my foot, or my foot is
sprained.

imbixa y'enyela ngis'entsimini, ukudhla

EN

133

kw'onakala, the put got put out of sorts *. e.
was left without fire, while I was away in
the field, aud the food got spoilt.

ungamkulumisi manje, wenyele (enthxi-
yweni), don't speak to him now, he is put
out (about something).

Enyelisa, o. Sprain, or dislocate, as a per-
son his foot (ace.) ; put a person (ace.)
out of humour, make him feel dissatis-
fied or displeased, as by disliked action
or speech, or by giving him less drink
or snuff than is sufficient to satisfy his
appetite; put the pot (ace.), or the food
in it, out of sorts by supplying it with
insufficient fuel.

Ex. wo! ngax'enyelisa, oh! I've made my-
self feel dissatisfied, i. e. instead of satisfy-
ing my appetite by taking just a mouthful
of beer or snuff, I've induced a still stronger
craving.

suka wena enganeni, uy ay 'enyelisa, get
away you from the baby, you make it dis-
pleased or cross.

Enyuka (s.k.),v. Go up, ascend, as a hill
(ace. or loc); mount up, as a bird in
the air (loc.) ; go up (metaphor.) i. e. to
the further or upper parts, as up-
countrj', to the top part of a kraal, or
back part of a hut (see entla; isi-Fuba)
= kupuka [Sw. inuka, ascend; Ga.
liny a, ascend; Co. enuka, get upj.

Enyukisa (s. k.), v. = enyusa.

Enyula, v. Take anything out of water,
whether a garment (ace), person, or
stone, or as beans out of a pot of water
in which they are boiling (cp. kipa);
strain anything, i. e. let the water run
off from it, as corn (ace.) that has been
soaked in the river by turning it out
into a basket, or cooked beans or potatoes
by turning them into the cullender (cp.
kama); choose, pick out, as one article
(ace.) from among many (= qoka, keta,
kupulula) [Her. nyenda, filter; yuka,
take out; Sw. chiya, filter].

Enyusa, v. Make go up ; bring up, take
up, send up, put up, as from a lower
to a higher position, or from the lower
part of a kraal or hut to the upper =
enyukisa.

Phr. ukw-enyusa umfula, or ixwe, to go
up a river, or up-country (i.e. away from
the coast).

Enza, v. Do, act, behave in any manner;
make, a thing (ace); to be the matter,
with person or in place; bring about,
work, cause (with ukuti, or inf.); cause
a thing (ace.) to be, as in a certain con-
dition or state [Heb. asah, make; Lat.
ago, I do; Sw. Ro. tenda, do; Kar.
u-ta, do; At. ejo, make; ce, do].

EN

Ex. uy'enxa kona, you are actiug rightly,
doing the proper thing.

bang'enxa isipukupitku, they make a fool
of me, make me look like a fool.

y'enxa kahle, wait a moment! a little pa-
tience!

kaguli, uyax'enxa, he is not sick, he is
feigning or pretending.

ung'esabi, kayikukwenxa 'Into, don't be
afraid, he won't do anything to you.

in/cost yam'enxa amandhla, the chief gave
him strength, power, authority.

kwenxe njani kulowo'muxi? what's the
matter in that kraal?

kwenxe ubani kona loku ? who has done
this here?

kwenxe ngoba esuke eng'axi, it was because
he did no know.

w'enxiwa intlixiyo yoke embi, he was made
(to act so) by his bad heart (or natural
disposition).

ng'enxiiva loku, ngoba bebona ukuti ngi-
yagula, I have been done this thing (treated
iu this way), because they see that I am
sick.

ake s'enxe igamu, let us have a hymn
or song.

uma kung'e?ixa, ufakaxi abe kona, if it can
be, let there be some witness.

anox'enxela njengokuboaa kuctiu, you
shall do of or for yourselves, as you see fit.

Phr. kube kusuka owesifaxana nokwenxa,
and there gets up a female, actually !

kute nokwenxa lana, amabele engakafulelwa,
and it actually raiued, before the corn was
covered up.

ayi-ke! td'enxile ukwenxa, ah well! you
have done (your) doing, you have done
your best.

P. yek'ukufa kwokux'enxa! alas for the
dying of one's own making! — used to
express the unpleasantness of being oneself
the cause of one's afflietions, the making of
pain for oneself — may be used even when
a woman breaks her own pot.

ukwenxa kuya emuva, kuye pambili, the
doiug goes backward and forward — used to
express the changeableness of event or action,
as in the course of disease, path to fortune,
etc. (N).

umenxiwa kako/ilwa, kukohlwa utnenxi, he
to whom (evil) was done does not forget, it i^
the doer who forgets — used to express that
the doer of an injurious action is in continu-
ous danger after of having to suffer revenge
from the other side (N .

okuke kwenxa kupinda kwenxe, what has
once done (a thing), will do it again —
as a boy caught stealing may be expected
to repeat again.

■nzakala (s.k.),v. Get done, as any work
the possibility of which is in doubt (=

EN 134

zeka); happen, as any event (= vela);
get done for, as by an umtakati or the
blow of an enemy.

Ex. kwenxekele! (or kwenxakala!) it has
got done! it's all up, it's no use now! — may
be said >'. g. when a Native, thinking to take
a short cut unobserved through a Boer farm,
suddenly sees the Dutchman coming down
upon him.
Enzakalisa fs. k.)s *'. Cause to get done,
or happen ; do for thoroughly (in a
bad sense), as an umtakati who has
brought serious illness on a man (ace.)
■ >]• a fighter who does his adversary
(ace.) some grievous hurt; do for
thoroughly, perfectly, or well (in a good
sense), as a man any work (ace.) or
undertaking.

Ex. itidhlu way'aka, way'enxakalisa, he
built the hut, he did it off thoroughly, well.

too.' bam'enz.akalisa, oh! they (the aba-
tdkati) have done for him really.

Enzantsi, adv.; prep. (C.N.) = ezantsi.
Enzeka (s. k.), v. Get done, be possible,
capable of being done = enzakala.

um-Enzi, n. 1. Maker (M).

Enzisa, v. Cause or help a person to do
or make a thing (doub. ace).

Ex. uku-x'enzisa, to make oneself do, i.e.
to pretend, feign = n/.//-:'> /r.a.

Enzelisa, v. Help a calfless milch-cow (ace.)
with another calf (of some other cow)
so that it give its milk, or help a mo-
therless calf by inducing it to suck from
.■mother cow. Cp. anyisela.

Ex. hiti inkonyane efelioe unina, iy'enxi-
8elwa, with us a calf that has lost its mother,
i> made up for by another mother).

Enzisela, v. Cause or help a person, etc.,
to do something by doing for him
gen. transposed into passive voice, as
below.

Ex. inkomo efeltve iy'enxiselwa ngobuvimba,

a cow that has lost her calf is helped along
'to take to a strange calf, so that the milk
he not lost) by the ubuvimba-herb.

intombi y'enxriselwe, the girl is helped
along las to accept a lover she rejects, by
being treated with charms, urged on by her
friends, etc. i.
is-Enzo,w. Deed, action.

Phr. w'enxe esokanye, she has done what
-hr> did before, repeated her old fault, etc.
might be said e. g. of a woman who
miscarries for a second or third time.

Epa (Epha), v. Thin out, as mealies (ace.)
when too thick in a field ; pull up, as
.) for thatching purposes = pa.
Epana (Epfiana), v. — pana.

EQ

Epapa (Ephapha), v.
anxious = papa.

Epepa (Ephejiha), v.

Epula (Ephuula), v.

Be nervous, timid,

— pepa.

Take off the fire, as
a pot (ace.) or the food (ace.) cooking in
it; take a person (ace.) out of a hot po-
sition (metaphor.) i. e. save him from
danger, release from trouble, bring
safely out of a sickness = opula.
Epusa (Ephusa), v. = pusa.

Epuza (Ephuuza), v. Be slow or late, as
to arrive; delay to do, be slow to do;
be slow to get done, as a field to get
finished = puza; comp. libala.

Eqa, v. Jump, generally, in any of its
senses ; hence, leap, as a horse or buck
over an obstacle (ace, or loc. = ngqi-
bita) ; spring, spring over with one foot
foremost, as over a ditch (ace, or loc.
= gancuka) ; skip, skip over, as a word
(ace.) or line when reading; leap over,
go outside of, transgress, as a law (ace.)
or boundary ; run off secretly, escape
from (with ku or loc. - - comp. baleka) ;
bound along, as an army on the war-
path, or a stone when thrown ; go be-
yond, 'jump' the spot, overshoot the
mark, as one portion of an army the
place (ace.) of rendezvous with the other
portion, or a railway-train the platform ;
surpass, outdo in excellence, as one per-
son another (ace) in knowledge or skill
(— dhlula) ; go or travel over-night or
during the night (with ubusuku) ; step
over an um-Bulelo q. v. and so contract
the disease it is supposed to cause
(comp. habula; qotela; dhlisa) [Sw.
mka, jump; Ga. wuka; Her. tuka].

Ex. imihlola! ng'eqe izinyatvo xenkosi!
perfectly astounding ! in all truth ! {lit. I
would skip over the feet of the king! — if
it were not so) — it being considered an
insult in Zululand to step over the out-
stretched feet or legs of a person.

uBani uyagula, kutiwa weqile, So-and-so
is sick, it is said he has jumped an vmbu-
lelo q. v.

to1 eqa ebusuku, he escaped in the night.

w'eqa itbusukii, he travelled at night.

Eqela, v. Turn back, stop, intercept, cut
off, as cattle (ace) running away or
making for a field.

Ex. k'eqelwa 'mtmtu, lie is not turned
back by anyone, i. e. is not to be thwarted
in his designs, or does not allow himself to
be corrected in his obstinacy.

Eqelana/y. Intercept or cut off one another,
as people outbidding one another at an
auction.

Eqisa, v. Jump beyond or outside of cer-

ES

tain words (with ku or loc.) already
spoken, i. e. violate, transgress against,
pervert by changing something said be-
fore or adding on something new.

Esa; Esaba; Esabela, t\ = Sa; Saba; Sabela.

Esasa, v. Rejoice with outward excitement;
show joy by dancing, frolicing, singing,
etc.; exult (with nga) [Ga. esima, re-
joice]. Cp. jabula, taba.

Ese, adv.; prep. In secret, without the
knowledge of (with kwa, and freq. pre-

> ceded by nga) = eyi, esita, esite [prob.
from some obsolete noun — Sw. kwa
siri, in secret ; nje, outside ; Her. okosio,
aside, away from].

Ex. loko bakirenxa ese, they did that thing
in secret.

ab'es'eya ayidhleVese, and then he goes
and eats it all on the quiet.

kayikuhamba nyas'ese kwami, he shall not
go without my knowledge, without first
letting me know.

Esela, Eseza, v. — Sela; Seza.

Eshi, int. = yes hi.

um-Esho, n. 5. = isi-Bata.

Eshwama, v. Perform, as the Zulu king,
the preliminary feast of the first-fruits,
about a month before the great annual
festival of the um-Kosi = nyatela.

X.B. This ceremony is performed in a
more particular sense by the chief, in whose
case it is also called uku-nyatela. It takes
place a month or so before the um-Kosi,
q. v. The whole nation is not required to
put in an attendance, as for this latter fes-
tival; only the principal headmen and the
younger boys of the tribe, who go up to
make preparation for the um-Kosi by cut-
ting firewood, hoeing the fields, etc. A pri-
vate ceremony of a similar kind, and on a
minor scale, is at the same time performed
in each kraal, where the fruit of the u-bece,
u-selwa and i-mfe plants are taken and
boiled along with, or mixed with a decoction
oi the u-Zanrreni plant, and then eaten.
This latter plant is supposed to act as a
stomach tonic or corrective, and to prepare
it for the sudden change to the new 'green'
foods; and the whole mixture or medicinal
charm is called u-Doloqina.

Esita or Esite (Esitha or Esithe), adv.;
prep. = esc.

Esokanye (s. k.), see is-Enzo.

Esonga, v. = Songa.

Esuka, Esula, Esusa, Esuta, v. = Suka,

Sula, Susa, Suta.
ulw-Eswiswi, n. Certain shelled sea-fish.
Eta, Etaba, Etamela, Etasa, Etasisela, v. =

Ta, Taba, Tamela, Tasa, Tasisela.

135 EW

Etekela, Etemba, v. — Tekela, Temba.

Etimula, v. = Timula.

Etshata (Etshatha), v. Bear, carry, on the
shoulder (not on the head - - twala), as
a bundle of grass (ace), or a log [Her.
tyinda, carry ; Ga. etika, carry].

Etshisa (s.t.),v. Bring up the cud, as a
cow. Cp. hlwabula; um-Swani. [Sw.
cheua, chew the cud].

Etu (Ethu), poss. adj. Our - used with
nouns plur. of the 2nd. cl. [Sw. Her.
Ang. etu; Nyanye. MZT. esu].

Ex. amaxwi etu, our words.

Etuka, Etusa, v. = Tuka, Tusa.

Etu la (Ethula),v. Take _off and down
(both adverbs being combined in the
Zulu word), remove down as a thing
(ace.) from the top of a cupboard, goods
from a wagon, one's hat from the head,
or the lid from a pot ; put down, as
anything (ace.) of size carried in the
hands; present or put down before by
way of recompense, as an inferior hut
in a kraal would do to the i-nDhlunkulu
or chief hut, by presenting it (loc.) with
the first-born female child (ace), in re-
turn for the cattle provided for the lo-
bola of the wife in this particular hut,
which cattle pertained by right to the
indhlunkulu hut of the kraal [Skr. tut,
lift; Sw. tua, put down; Her. tua, put].

Phr. ngiyakwetuVinywe, I shall present a
leopard = I shall wait calmly till he touches
me, then I'll turn upon him desperately, so
that he won't bother me again.

Etwala, Etwasa, v. = Twala, Twasa.

Etwesa, v. = Twesa.

Eva, v. = Va.

Ewami, Ewako, Ewake, n. (C.N.) = Owa-
mi, etc.

Ewuka (s. k.), v. Go down i. e. from the
higher or upper parts to the lower, as
down a hill (ace. or loc), down country
or towards the coast, down towards the
lower part of a kraal or hut ( the an-
tithesis of enyuka) = ehla.

Ewukisa (s. k.), v. = ewusa.

Ewula, v. Make go down from the upper
to the lower parts, as when sweeping
the rubbish (ace.) from a kraal or hut
from the upper parts towards the gate
or door (= ewusa); let out the secret
doings (ace), inner goings-on of a kraal
or other people, as a tale-bearer might
(comp. caka).

is-Ewula, ?i. Cold wind from the north-
west, blowing towards the south-east
(C.N). Cp. ((li)-Shisandhlu.

EW

136

FA

Ewusa, r. Make go down or downwards
i. e. from the higher or upper to the
lower parts, as a person or thing (ace.)
down a hill (loc, or donb. ace.), down
country, or towards the lower part of a
kraal or lint (the antithesis of enyusa)
= ehlisa.

Ex ubw-eicttsa umfula, or ixwe, to go
down a river, or down-country.

Exaba, Exabana, y. = Xaba, Xabana.

Exeka, i>. = Xeka.

Exwaya, v. = Xwaya.

Eya, int. (C. N.) = iya.

Eya, v. Lack, i. e. run short of, not have
sufficient of, as people running short of
food (ace.) at a feast, or a hut coming
short of grass in building (= silela);
also = eyisa.

Eyama (pert, eyeme), v. = enceka; also
(N) = wela. Cp. ukuti yeme.

Eyeka (s. k.), v. Get lacked, i. e. come short
for, not suffice for, as food for the people
(with ku or loc.) assembled at a feast
= silela. Cp. ngqwamba.

Eyela, v. = Yela.

Eyi, adv.; prep. = ese (and used in the
same way).

Eyisa, v. Act disdainfully, contemptuously
towards; despise, have contempt for, as
a man towards his chief (ace), or a
child its food = eya [Sw. hizi, despise;
Her. nyengura].

Eza, v. — 2a.

Ezantsi (s. t.), adv.; prep. Down below (in
locality or position), as down-country, at
the coast, or at the lower end of a kraal,
or in the lower portion of a cupboard
or page (used with na or kwa). Com p.
entla; pantsi; ewuka [akin to pantsi,
q.v.].

Ex. s'ake exantsi nomfflatuxe, we live
down or on the lower Umhlatuze.

asiwa'xatitsi, asiba'xantsi, ng'owd'xantsi,
?ig'aba'xantsi (= akasiye owas'exanlsi, etc.),
he is not, they are not, or he is, they are,
coast or down-country people.

exantsi nomuxi, down below in the kraal
I.e. in the lower parts; exantsi kwomuxi,
down below the kraal i. e. outside of it,
down below it -- though these two expres-
sions are sometimes indiscriminately applied.

y'ewuka, uye exantsi, go down below (in
the kraal, or at the table).

ab-Ezanyana, n. (C. N.) — plur. of um-
Zanyana q. v.

Ezela, v. (C.N.) = Ozela.

is-Enzenjani, n. Sour, strong-smelling

amasi, from being kept in an uncleaned

vessel (N).

ulw-Ezi (no plur.), n. Larva of various
kinds of frog-hopper, found, about Oc-
tober time, enclosed in a ball of froth
upon trees and grass-stalks. See u~
Lwezi.

Ezwa, Ezwakala, v. = Zwa, Zwakala.

F

has, in Zulu, only
as in English.

one sound, the same

Fa, /•. Die, in all its senses, real and
metaphorical; faint, have a fit; be
grievously troubled by, be killed by
(hibernice), as by work, dearth of food,
surprise, or vermin (used in pert".); be
broken (whether in bits or merely
rracked), as a vessel (used in perf.) ; be
worn-out, ruined, as an isidwaba or
coat (used in perf.); be ruined, devas-
tated, as a land after war (used in
perf.) ; fade, as a flower ; put in its final
appearance before 'going out,' as the
moon on the last day of the passing
month (not on the previous days); be
satisfied, quenched, as the desire (intli-
ziyo); be dying for want of (hibern.),
for snuff, water, etc. (with perf. and
nga); be covered with, be burdened
down with, as a hill with cattle; [Skr.
ha, leave; Ar. mat, die; Sw. and most
other Bantu langs. fa, die; Kamb. ga;

Lur. da; Ya. wa; Nya. cha; Chw. shwa;
Ku. kioa; Ma. twa; Kag. fwa; Ko. hya
— comp. with wa q. v.].

Ex. uyafa, he is very sick.

ufile, ufe ixolo, he is dead, he died yester-
day.

ufile ukutukutela, he is dead with anger.

ufile ngomntanake, she is dead (with sor-
row) for her (lost) child.

its'afa or usel'afa, or seirafa, he has al-
ready died (in the past).

us'efe nya, us'eyalele, he is already cmite
dead, he has already passed away.

Hsafitsafa njalo, he is still continuously
sick; us'af'us'afa njalo, he is now dead for
ever.

wafaf you are dead! — a shout of warn-
ing to one in imminent danger.

afe nje, abuy'aruke, he just has a fit, and
afterwards comes to.

intlixiyo kayifi. or (kayifanga), the ap-
petite does not (or did not) get thoroughly
satisfied.

FA

inkunxi yinii ukufa! a bull (do you
think)? it beat's all hollow, surpasses every
thing (in its own element) — is death!

wafa ehamba, he died while still living —
said of one who is no longer good for any-
thing, no longer an umuntu, whether from
having become thoroughly lost in vice, or
totally overcome by some chronic disease =
wafa buvie.

ngmyanga efileyo, or ngeyafayo, during
last month.

ngifumanise kufe intaba iximvu, I found
the hill covered with sheep. See ukuti gaye.

P. ukufa kus'exixweui.' the sickness ■/. e.
pain (of one sick) is las it were) in a
foreign land! — said to express our help-
lessness to one who is down with sickness,
being so incapable as we are of 'feeling'
his feelings and better understanding his
malady — so near to us, and yet so far,
out of our reach.

Fa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sprinkle or throw
off by a single sprinkling motion, as
water (ace.) from a bush; throw off by
a sprinkling motion upon, as when
sprinkling a person (ace.) with a brush-
ful of water (with nga) = faza. Cp. fa-
faza.

i(li)-Fa, n. Property of any kind (includ-
ing girls) left by one deceased, to be
acquired by succession or inheritance;
heritage; swelling or bump anywhere
on the body from erythema nodosum
(coinp. isi-Fesane, isi-Mila) [Her. e-ta,
inheritance — fr. oku-ta, to die].

Ex. wadhla ifa elikulu ku'yisc, he ac-
quired a large inheritance from his father.

Phr. ifa likd'Nxenxe, uNxenxe engaxala-
nga, girls, cattle, or other property left
'abandoned' by a deceased or absconded
man, i. e. with no sons of his own to right-
fully inherit them, on which account they
are generally scrambled for by near relations
and other sharks. Comp isi-Bembe.

i-mFa, n. Outbreak of sickness in any
kraal or hut.

u(lu)-Fa, n. Crack, as in a cup; chink, in
a split board; fissure, in a wall; cleft,
in a rock; used for the female organ
(cp. izi-nDebe) — the word is used only
of such cracks, clefts, etc., as appear
only on one side (not as a split or cleft
going broadly right through = um-
Vava) = um-Fantu [Sw. ufa, crack;
Her. omu-fa, crack].

uku-Fa, n. Death; sickness (in a general
sense); disease. Comp. isi-Fo.

Ex. kas'axi nokuba ukufa kuni, we don't
know what disease it is.

ukufa kuningi kuleyo'ndawo, there is much
sickness in that place.

137 FA

i(li)-Faba, n. Coil of anything (whether
pliant, or of stiff ring-shaped nature —
see i-nKata), as of twisted calf-skin for
wearing round the body, of fencing-wire,
or cotton wound in a ring; also u(lu)-
Faba.

um-Faba, n. $. Barren stalk of Kafir-corn,
mealies, or imfe, i. e. one diseased and
not bearing anything of use; woman
who is more or less barren, having no
children, very few, or only girls; the
'barren' family of such a woman, all
girls or otherwise few in number.

Ex. ir.rh' inn faba uje, she has borne a
poor lot — only females or very few of
anything.

u(lu)-Faba, n. = u(lu)-Saku.

Faca, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = facaka; facaza;
ukuti foco, faxa, poco; cp. ukuti poto,
ukuti foto.

isi-Faca, n. Pit, as in any soft body; dent,
as in anything of a firm nature = isi-
Foco, isi-Faxa. See facaza; ama-Folo-
folo.

Facaka (s. k.), v. Get eaten, as an i-mFa-
camfaca q.v.; get pitted, as any soft
body like a ripe peach; get indented,
as a parafin-tin = faxaka, focoka; uku-
ti faca; ukuti poco; cp. potozeka; folo-
ka; fotoka.

i-mFacamfaca, n. Any solid foodstuff of
a soft, semi-dry nature, as a soft bone,
sugar-cane, new mealies when boiled,
or honeycomb = i-mFocomfoco, i-mFa-
xamfaxa.

i-mFacane, n. Bead-work waist-band worn
by girls (= i(li)-Xama; comp. isi-Foci-
ya); (C.N.) axe or hatchet with very
long edge (see i-mBemba).

Facaza, v. Eat anything (ace.) of the na-
ture of an i-mFacamfaca q.v.; pit, as
any soft body like a peach (ace.) Im-
pressing it with the fingers; make a
dent in, as in a tin (ace.) by striking it
with a stone == faxaza, focoza; ukuti
faca; ukuti poco. Comp. potoza; foloza;
fotoza.

i-mFaduko (s.k.),n. Dish-cloth [D. vadoek].

Fafa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. reduplic. form of
ukuti fa = fa faza.

u(lu)-Fafa, n. — u(lu)-Fa.

Fafalaza, v. Just do a little at anything,
have a short go at anything, as when
ploughing a field (ace), building a hut,
investigating a matter (ace), or just
making a slight reference or few re-
marks about anything (ace.) during a
speech = ukuti fafalazi. Comp. ukuti
fahla; ukuti gabavu; ukuti futu.

FA

138

FA

Falalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), e. • fafalaza.

Fafaza, v. Sprinkle or make fall in small
scattered drops and by repeated motion
(see ukuti fa), as water (ace.) on snuff
or a floor to be swept, or the heavens
when raining a light shower; besprinkle,
as snuff (ace.) or a floor with water
i with nga) = ukuti fafa, nyenyeza.
Comp. ukuti falakahla.

Fafazela, v. = fafaza.

Fahla, ukuti (ukuthi), e. Make a short first
start at any work, be just starting, as
when ploughing tin1 first two or three
furrows of a field (ace.) i. e. whether at
the first commencement or any subse-
quent repetition of work, or when doing
the first few stitches at a sleeping-mat
(ace), or saying the first few words of
a speech (uku-kuluma) or conversation
(cp. fahla, fahlela); break or smash
with a crash, as one might a calabash
(arc. i, bottle, roof of a house, etc. (= fa-
hlaza)] get so broken with a crash
(= fahlazeka, fahla ka) = ukuti pahla,
cobo, dubu, fehle.

Fahla, /•. Make or arrange the first start-
ing line or point in any work from
which one sets off, as when sewing the
First thread-line along the edge of a sleep-
ing-mat (ace), binding the grass toge-
ther and marking the length, or when
putting in the little stick-arches marking
the four corner-points of a new hut and
by which the subsequent wattling is re-
gulated = tela; cp. ukuti fahla.

Fahlaka (s.k.),V. = ukuti fahla.

u(lu)-Fahlasi, n. Lanky, loose-legged per-
son = u(lu)-Fahlayiya ; cp. (lu)-Qanqa-
shiya, in-Tsazayiya.

u(lu)-Fahlayiya, n. = u(lu)-Fahlasi.

Fahlaza, v. = ukuti fahla.

Fahlazeka (s.k.), v. = ukuti fahla.

Fahlela, v. = fahla, tela.

i(li)-Fahlela, n. = i(li)-Zoco.

Faka (s. k.), v. Put or place (in a rough,
"]• vigorous sense generally); put in or
into, as clothing (ace.) into a box (loc);
put out, post out, as a captain his
troops (ace.) or the master a hunting-
party; put on, as an article of dress, or
extra oxen mi to a span (doub. ace); be
I Hitting in, or filling up the udder, as a
cow when the udder increases percepti-
bly in size about a month or so before
<-alving (see ehlisa; xegisa); introduce,
as an extra child (ace.) or wife into any
hut or [.articular part of a kraal (= fa-
kelela, X.) [prob. akin to paka q. v. --
l<hua<>, \ eat; Sw. paka, put on or

apply as medicine; Her. paka, put in
the ground, bury].

Ex. wnke ixindhlu xaxifakwe ixindwangu,

all the houses were put on, dressed with
flags or bunting.

Fakana (s. k.), v. Put on or to one ano-
ther.

Phr. uku-fakana imilomo, to put mouths
together, to whisper to one another.

Fakaza (s. k.), v. Give testimony or proof
about anything (with nga) ; bear witness
to anything (with ku).

Fakazela (s. k.), v. Bear witness for or
against a person (ace.) or event.

u-Fakazi (s.k.),n. Witness i.e. one giving
testimony for or against.

Fakelela (s. k.), v. Put in, for, or in place
of, as new wattles (ace.) to replace old
ones in a portion of a hut (ace. with
nga), or more food into a cooking-pot
to fill it up when the former filling has
subsided, or a child of one hut into
another where none have been born;
put or join on to, as one piece of string
(ace.) on to the end of another (with
ku = xumelela).

u-Fakolweni (s.k.),n. Half-a-crown = u-
Mfagolweni [Eng.].

i(li), or u(lu)-Falafala, n. Garrulous person,
who can't refrain from repeating or
spreading abroad everything he sees or
hears. Com p. i(li)-Helanjadu. See falaza.

Falakahla (s. k.), v. — ukuti falakahla.

Falakahla, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Throw or
make fall down in a scattered shower,
as mealies (ace.) from a basket or water
from a basin (comp. quza, fafaza) — fa-
lakahla; get thrown, fall, in a scattered /
shower, as above = falakahleka.

Falakahleka (s.k.), v. = ukuti falakahla.

Falaza, v. Act as an i(li)-Falafala q. v.,
unable to refrain from chattering, etc.
Comp. hela.

u- Falaza, n. Member of a regiment next
following after the u(lu)- Ve, - the elder
members of the regiment were called
um-Sizi.

i-mFama, or Famana, n. Poor, famished
individual, thin and strengthless.

i-mFambele (s. b.), n. Cow with one or
more of the teats blind or wanting.

Phr. inkonyana yemfambele, poor, destitute
person, barely able to get the necessaries of
life (C.N.).

isi-Famona, n. Jealousy, envious hatred

yt (= um-Ona); person with such; used

of a lion or similar thing which destroys

its prey apparently without any cause

FA

or necessity (merely from envious feel-
ing), afterwards leaving it to be eaten
by other animals.

i(li)-Famu, n. Certain forest-tree.

isi-Famxwele (Famxhivele), n. Person who
seems to have no interest or concern for
anything, e.g. pleasure, property, etc.
Cp. isi-Ncirtifi.

Fana, v. Be or seem like, resemble, be
similar to another thing (with na) ; be
alike, resemble, each other, as two things;
be as though or as if (with nokuba).
[Skr, janami, I recognise; Cy. hafal,
similar; Gr. phaino, show; Sw. Bo. fa-
nana, resemble; Ga. fananya; Her.
nana; Ro. feka\.

Ex. kuyafana, it is just the same.

lexi'nkomo eximbili viyafana, these two
cattle are alike.

kufaiia nokuba ub'engatshelwanga na'ku-
tshelwa, it is as though, or just as if, he had
never been told.

um-Fana, n. 1. Boy, or young man — of
any age right up to prime of manhood;
used for 'son' in ordinary language;
used by a man as euphem. for isi-Kigi,
q. v. [possibly the diminutive form of
am-Fo, though the following cast a
doubt thereon - Sw. ki-jana, boy ; Bu.
mfwana, child, son; Sha. ka-zana, boy;
Suk. kana; Kon. chana; Ngu. mbiva-
nga; Her. omn-Zandu; Gi. etc., mwana
= umntivana, Z. — there seems to be
some connection between the roots ntu
(person or man) and fana (young male)
— cp. Fan lang. Fan (= umu-ntu), pi.
ba-fan (= aba-ntu)].

Phr. umfana wamate, a glass-alley (or mar-
ble).
ubu-Fana, n. State of boyhood, or youth.

i-mFanayo, n. Useless girl, without any
diligence, intelligence or service, with
whom one might die - - for all the help
she would be; any similarly useless
wife, husband, etc.

Fanekisa (s. k.), v. Make a likeness of a
thing (ace), actually (as by a picture),
or mentally (as by a comparison or
imagination). Comp. linganisa.

isi-Fanekiselo fsomteto — s. k.), n. 5. Draft-
bill (M).

isi, or um-Fanekiso (s.k.),n.o. Likeness
of anything, actually or mentally drawn ;
hence, statue, image, doll, picture, photo-
graph. Cp. isi-Tombe.

Fanela fperf. fanele), v. Be suitable, fit,
proper, as an article to its place or end
(ace. — used gen. in pert'.); (Reserve, be
worthy of, as a man a reward (ace);

139 FA

have a duty or propriety, as to do any-
thing (with uku) [Sw. fan, fanyiza, fit ;
Her. saneka, fit].

Ex, isicoco simfanele, the headring suits
or Looks well on him ; or, a headring is
befitting to him i.e. lie is of the proper age
and position for it.

ukulwna i%wi rtingafemele, you speak an
improper word, i.e. indecent, indiscreet, un-
deserved, ill-timed, etc.

kaxifanele lexo'xinkomo, he is nut proper
to /'. e. not deserving of, or with any right
to, those cattle.

ufanele ukumkuxa, you are proper i.e. you
have a duty, you ought to, reprove him.

lifanelwe it Masuku leln ifa, that property
is deserved by Masuku.

uMasuku ufanelwe tfilelo ifa, Masuku is
worthy of that property.
i-mFanelo, /?. A right; righteous tiling;

a duty (M).
i-mFangamfanga, n. see i-Mtangamfanga.
isi-Fanguba, ». Smallpox (N) - i-nGxobo-

ngo.
Fanisa, v. Make like, liken to, compare
with mentally (with na).

Ex. ngiyamfanisa lo'mtmtu, I liken this
person (with somebody I have seen some-
where) = I think I know him, or have seen
him before.
Fanisana, v. Make each like to the other
= appear alike, or dress alike.

Ex. bafanisene, they are dressed alike.

Fanisela, v. Make a comparison for, think
to be like, conjecture at, guess at, as at
some particular person (ace.) being the
doer of some action, or when explaining
anything by a similitude.

Ex. qa! nyiyamfanisela nje, no! I think
it is like him i.e. his doings — I imagine
it might be he.

ama-Faniso, n. Things alike, of same kind
or colour; hence, pair, etc.

urn, or u(lu)-Fanta or Fantu (s. t.), n. =
u(lu)-Fa.

u(lu)-Fanyana, n. The little, good-for-no-
thing boys (collect.) of any particular
kraal or district (word of contempt).
Cp. u(lu)-Ntonjana, u(lu)-Dodelana, u-
(lu)-Fazazana.

i-mFanzi, n, Shrimp, eaten by Natives m-
long the Zulu coast.

i(li)-Fasela, n. Long-stalked veldt-plant,
with purplish flower.

u(lu)-Fasimba or Fasimbe (Fasimbha), n.
Haziness, haze dimming the distant
view, as on very hot days ; certain regi-
ment formed by Shaka after the izi-
ml'ohlo (= i-mVokwi).

FA

Faxa, ukuti (ukuthi). v. = faxaka; faxaza;
ukuti facet.

isi-Faxa, n. Pit. such as might bo left in
any soft body, like clay, after pressure
by the finger; dent, such as might be
made in a tin-can; small holes or pick-
ings-out made as a pattern in Native
pottery, or chippings-out as a pattern
in Native carved wood-work.

Faxaka (s. k.), r. Get pitted, or dented, or
picked or chipped out, as below (see fa-
xaza) = facaka ; focoka ; ukuti faxa.

Faxaza, c. Pit, as any soft body, like clay
(ace), by pressing it with the fingers ;
dent, as a tin-can, by striking it with
a stone (= facaza, focoza) ; pick out
small portions, making a 'pitted' pattern,
in an unbaked clay-vessel (ace.) ; carve
or chip out grooves, and the like, in
articles (ace.) of wood-work, as Native
headrests; stick in the nails, so as to
'pick holes' in the flesh, as one Native
child might to another (ace.) when fight-
ing with him =r- ukuti faxa.

Fayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sprinkle slightly,
as a person might salt (ace), or as fine
rain falling.

i(li)-Fayindi, n. Hole or sinking-in of the
earth, as over an under-ground ant-
nest, in a hut or along a road.

Faza, v. = ukuti fa.

isi-Fazana, n. Collection of females, in any
[•articular place; woman-kind, generally.

Ex. umuntu icesifaxanu, or simply owesi-
faxana (pi. abesifazana), a female — whether
a girl, or adult woman.

um-Fazazana, n. 1. Name of 'respect' for
a porcupine = i-nGungumbane. See i-
nKosazana.

S.B. To call a porcupine a 'porcupine'
is to provoke it to increased depredation in
one's fields; it must therefore be spoken of
politdv as the 'little woman.'

u(lu)-Fazazana, n. The little, good-for-no-
thing women {collect.) of any particular
kraal or district (word of contempt).
Cp. u(lu)-Fanyana.

Fazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Just slightly sprin-
kle, as food (ace.) with salt, or the salt
itself, or rain; give a wink with the
eye.

um-Fazi, n. 1. Married woman, wife (any
unmarried female, of whatever age, even
though she may have had children by
illicit intercourse, is called an i-nTombi,
never an um-Fazi). See um-Felwakazi;
i(li)-Dikazi; is-Alukazi; i-Nyumba; i-
nKosikazi; u-Makoti; um-Lobokazi; isi-
Fazana; u-Mka [possibly a combination

140 FE

of um-Fo and the female termination
kazi, though perhaps only a variation
of this latter root denoting the female
sex — Skr. vadhu, wife; Lat. fe-mina,
woman; fe-lo, I suck; Gr. phe-le, nipple
(cp. i-bele, Z); Ar. goz, mar a, wife or
woman ; imrati, my wife ; Ga. mkazi,
woman, wife; Ru. Gu. Sum. mkazi, wife;
Bo. Sha. Ngu. Ze. mkaza, wife; Bis.
mukasi, wife; Be. unkasi, wife; MZT.
mu-kazi, female; Her. omu-kazendu, wo-
man, wife ; Li. mtwanzi, woman ; Khu.
mtwanzi, woman, wife; Zi. Ndu. mkodzi,
woman; Nywe. Kus. wazeni, wife; Hinz.
mshe, wife; Sak. vali, wife; Congo For-
est Dwarfs, kali, wife].

T-mFe (ii-mFe),n. Shaloo or sugar-reed
(Sorghum saccharatum), of which there
are several varieties cultivated by the
Natives (see i(li)-Yengantombi, u-Ntlo-
konde, i(li)-Dondi, u-Boya, u-Nyezane,
u-Zilile, u-Nkunjane, i(li)-Hlosa); per-
son with limp, loose-jointed body, like
that of an acrobat [Her. ou-tyi, sweet-
ness].

Phr. wanyishaya ngemfe ipindiive, he
struck me with a doubled imfe-stalk —
he has done me a grievous wrong or serious
injury from sheer hatred or envy (not

isi-Fe, n. Mealie-plot (gen. small and plant-
ed at the commencement of the season)
intended mainly to supplement the crops
of the fields proper afterwards to be
ploughed (= isi-Vande); bird-trap, as
commonly built by boys of a stone rest-
ing on a stick. Cp. i-nTsimu.

Feba, v. Give oneself up to unlawful sex-
ual intercourse habitually (with na)
— used of males and females of any
age or state (for a solitary committal of
fornication or adultery pinga is used).

isi-Febe, n. Male or female, of any age
or state, who habitually lends him or
herself to unlawful sexual intercourse
with the opposite sex.

Fece, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = feceka; feceza;
uktiti fecekazi.

um-Fece, n. 5. Cocoon made by a certain
caterpillar (see u-Nomangcikiva) and
fixed to the xc-Putwa, um-Kamba and
other thorn-trees — the cocoon being
frequently used when empty as a snuff-
box, ankle-ornament or prepuce-cover
of boys ; any empty case of a limp na-
ture, like a pea-pod ; empty-bellied, hun-
gry-looking person.

Phr. ishiwja elinotnfece (ekaiida, or egolo),
a downright rascal, a hardened scoundrel,
given to roguery by habit. See i-Mpe»ipe.

FE

i(li)-Fecefece, n. = i(li)-Fetefete.

Feceka (s. k.), v. Get broken down or bent
back without any snapping of fibre
(comp. fehleka), as a cane or imfe-stalk ;
get turned back, as the point of a hoe
(= peceka) = ukuti fece.

Fecekazi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti
fece.

Feceza, v. Break down or bend back
without any snapping or bursting of the
fibre, as a cane (ace.) or reed ; turn back,
as the edge of a hoe (acc.)^ chatter away
maliciously, about the doings of others,
tales, scandal, and the like, as an evil-
minded gossip (= feteza; foloza).

Fefe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fefeza.

Fefenyeka (s. k.), v. Pretenjd, put on delu-
^-^fv'e appearances purposely, as a visitor
who protests satiety while still hungry
lest he be thought a large eater, or one
who adopts a sympathetic manner while
really quite indifferent; put on assumed
manners, show off, as a young man
when dressed up before the girls. Cp.
mbuluza; xinga.

Fefeza, v. — kifiza; lisp, as some Natives
do when uttering the letter z, etc.

Fehla, v. Feel enervated, languid, phy-
sically depressed, as the body from ex-
cessive heat, or at the commencement
of a fever (= cobeka, fehlenyeka, fehle-
ka, ukuti Visa, ukuti dica); give oneself
ostentatious, conceited airs, show off,
whether on account of fine dress, or
from undue pride in one's position or
authority (often used in reflect, form —
zi-fehla — xinga, fehlenyeka; cp. fefe-
nyeka, gqaba).

Fehle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — fehleka; fehleza;
ukuti kehle, ukuti pehle.

isi-Fehlefehle, n. = isi-Ca?iuca?iu.

Fehleka (s.k.), v. Break {intrans.) in two
with a gradual crashing of the fibres
(not with a single clear snap = ukuti
poqo), as a stick when broken by
bending across the knee, or the rafter
of a roof when giving way under a
heavy weight (= kehlezeka; pehleka;
comp. fahlaka); get enervated, made
languid, or physically depressed (used
in perf.), as the body' (— fehla, fehlenye-
ka, ukuti lisa or dica, cobeka).

Fehlenyeka (s.k.), v. = fehla.

Fehleza, v. Break (trans.) in two with a
gradual crashing sound, as a stick (ace.)
when bending it across the knee, or a
piece of firewood, or the rafter of a roof
by overweighting it = kehleza, pehleza.
Comp. fahlaza.

141 FE

Fehlezeka (s.k.), o. — fehleka.
Fejisa, v. (C.N.) = fojisa.
i(li)-Feka (8.1c), n. Woman whose husband
or child is dead (('. N.).

Feke feke, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. Waver

up and down, as the ends of any long
flexible thing carried on the head =
ukuti boko.

Fekela (s.k.), p. (N) = feketa.

Phr. kuyakucuma 'ntlamvu, exi/nye tofekela,
some grains (of .sown corn I will bear abun-
dantly, others will die off, i.e. amidst many
chances, speculations, etc., something is sure
to turn out a success (N).

Feketa (Feketha), v. Play i. e. behave play-
fully, sportively, in action or word (cp.
tekula; fenqa; ntela; dhlala), as when
threatening children humourously ; droop
off and die (when merely withering =
buna), as mealies when attacked by the
grub, or children of some unhealthy
families (= fekela, N.) [Her. kata,
wither].

Feketisa (Fekethisa), v. Make a thing (ace.)
play, i. e. do playfully, sportively, fanci-
fully with it, as with a dress (ace.) when
trimming or cutting it in some fancy
fashion, or a young man when allowing
strings of beadwork to hang down over
his ibeshu, or when decorating a building.
Ex. ixwi lokufeketisa, a play-name, nick-
name, as coined for a person by his com-
panions (—isi-Fenqo); a euphemism, or word
used for calliug a thing, the actual name
of which would be disagreeable in society.

Fekeza (s. k.), v. = kifiza.
Fekezela (s. k.), v. Go wavering up and
down— see ukuti feke feke.

Fela, v. Die for, on account of, in, at, etc.
— and in various metaphorical senses;
hence, yearn for, desire a thing (ace.)
strongly rbeTatisfied oFwhoTIy gratified,
as the 'desire or appetite (intliziyo =
dela, anela) ; be consumed with any
kind of feeling towards a person (doub.
ace.) — in all metaphor, senses com-
monly used in perf.; (C. N.) spit (=
pumisa, kafula, tsaka).

Ex. intlixiyo kayifele for kayifelanga), my
appetite is not (or was not) thoroughly ap-
peased.

intlixiyo <i«>ni ifele kule'uyubo, my heart
is dying for that dress ^really, is quite satis-
fied with, desires none other).

kukona ongifele wnhatou, there is some-
body who is dying with envy of me (insin-
uating that it is he who is causing my
stock so to die off).

abantwana bafelwe unina, the children

FE

have been died for by their mother, i. e. have
Inst their mother.

Phr. uku-xi-fela, to be dead mentally or
intellectually, have no mind or interest in
anything, indifferent to everything, as one
who has become insane, or from severe
sickness.

uku-xi-fela ngokuti, to have no thought or
interest in anything else save so-and-so, e.g.
beer, meat, snuff, or any undertaking.

uku-fela pakati for entlixiywem), to die or
be consumed inwardly (or in one's heart), as
when a person is made very angry by some-
one in the presence of others before whom
he cannot show his anger ; or when one is
yearning to say something but from circum-
stances is compelled to remain silent.

i(li)-Felakona (s. k.), u. Certain sea-mollusc
(probably a limpet) — a valuable medi-
cine among the Natives and used for
purposes of takata (N).

u-Felapakati (Felaphakathi), n. = i-nGubo-
ka' Kundhlase.

u-Feleba, ». Great, powerfully-built man,
or animal, of unusual strength - used
jocularly to express amazement at great
size and strength.

Felisa, v. — used (C.N.) in pass, feliswa
= fiselwa q. v.

um-Felokazi (s.k.),n.l. (C.N.) = um-Fe-
hrakazi.

um-Felwakazi (s.k.),n.l. Widow (gene-
rally young) still temporarily residing
in the paternal kraal i. e. not yet con-
templating a second marriage. Cp
i(li)' Cakazi, i(li)-Fusakazi.

Fenda, y. Have the bottom, i.e. lower bulg-
ing part, knocked or bent in, as a
Kafir-basket (used in perf.); have the
middle-body, i. e. buttocks, drawn in-
wards and the stomach bending out-
wards, as some cripples, or a boy when
receiving a stroke behind (used in perf.);
draw in the buttocks (used vulgarly),
as the cow when under the bull, or the
bull itself, or a pig suffering from para-
lysis of the hind-legs; also applied ob-
scenely in similar action to human-
beings = ukuti fende, ukuti fete, ukuti
feshe, ukuti shefe.

Fande, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be bent in, knock-
ed in, be bent inwards or forwards
at the middle-body or buttocks, as a
man or beast (= fendeka; fenda) ; bend
in, knock in, or make draw in, as before
(= fendeza, fendisa) = ukuti fete, ukuti
feshe, ukuti shefe.

Fendeka (s.k.), v. = ukuti fende.

Fendeza, v. = ukuti fende.

Fendisa, r. = ukuti fende.

142 FE

i-mFene, /?. Baboon = u-Noha, u-Nohoha,
i-nTsingaweni, i-nDangala, isi-Yanga-
yanga, i-nGodo, i(li)-Konde, i-nZinga-
maxva, i-nTshingila. Cp. u-Matanaza-
na; isi-Jwana, etc.

Phr. isandhla semfene (N) = i(li)-Nxele.

N.B. Native tradition says that abakwa
'Ttisi bab'enqena ukulima, imipini bay'enxa
imishoba, basebehlala ehlatini, badhla ubombo
olukulu.

Fene fene, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be, or do
anything in a strengthless, lifeless man-
ner, without power or energy, as when
the body is quite exhausted. Cp. ukuti
lisa.

Feneza, v. - - ukuti fene fene.

i-mFengane, n. See i-Mfengane.

isi-Fengoza, n. Obscene term applied to
an immoral girl (N).

Fenqa, v. Talk in sport, say in fun, not
seriously (cp. tekula; ntela; feketa);
call a person (ace.) a name expressing
playful, or contemptuous, reference to
something connected with him phy-
sically, as a bodily peculiarity or a hint
at his parents.
Ex. uyafenqa nje, he is only saying it in fun.

isi-Fenqo, n. Nickname, as above, playing
on some physical peculiarity, or having
reference to one's parentage, etc. = is-
Aga.

Ex. was'engibeka isifenqo, he then called
me a name.

i(li)-Fenya, n. Land, generally of a sandy
nature, that is normally over-moist from
an excess of sub-soil springs.

i-mFenyane, n. Small shrub, growing in
watery places, whose small scented
leaves are pounded and used for per-
fuming the body and articles of dress.

Fenyisa, v. (C.N.) = filisa.

u(lu)-Fenu, n. Male organ of man or beast
(only used vulgarly) = um-Tondo, u-
(lu)-Bolo.

N.B. abakwa' Lufenu-lwenja was a former
isitakaxu of the Zulu clan.

E! 'lufenu-lwenja! might have been said
upon commencing to address anyone of that
tribe; but since the conquering of the ama-
Mbata clan by Shaka, the isitakaxo of that
clan, viz. uNdabexita, has been universally
adopted by the Zulus.

isi-Fesane, n. Hard blind tumour, forming
on the feet or hands. Cp. i(li)-Fa; isi-
Mila.

Feshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Turn loosely (in-
trans. or trans.) about, wriggle loosely
backwards and forwards, as the two
branches of a bridle-bit on their joint,

FE

an acrobat his loose joints (arc) when
twisting his arms, fingers, ete., easily
in all directions, or as the male animal
in the act of copulation, or as some peo-
ple do naturally when walking. Cp.
ukuti fende; ukuti veku,

i-mFeshe, n. Loose-jointed person who
can twist his limbs round and about in
all directions, as an acrobat; one (mostly
a female) given to immorality (cp. isi-
Vetula) = i-mFeshemfeshe.

ubu-Feshe, n. Words spoken in an effect-
ed tone or manner (C. N.).

i-mFeshemfeshe, n. = i-mFeshe.

Fesheka (s. k.), v. Get turned loosely, as
above. See ukuti feshe.

i-mFeshekelana (s.k.), u. dim. of contempt
of i-mFeshe.

Fesheza, v. Turn loosely about, as above.
See ukuti feshe.

um-Fesi'kukuluma (FesV kukhuluma), n.l.
Person with a very active tongue, al-
ways talking, scolding, etc.

Fete, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = ukuti fende.

Fete fete, ukuti (F'ethe fethe, ukuthi), v. =
feteza.

i(li)-Fetefete (Fethefethe), n. Sneakish, treach-
erous talker, who carries reports, makes
false statements, etc., about others =
i(li)-Fecefece. Cp. i(li)-Gavugavu.

Feteza (s. t.), v. = fendeza.

Feteza (Fetheza), v. Talk in a sneakish,
treacherous way, carry reports, make
false statements', etc, about others (with
nga) with whom one has appeared as a
friend = feceza, veceza. See i(li)-Fete-
fete; gavuza; veteza.

Fetezeka (Fethezeka),v. = fendeka.

T-mFeyenkala, or mFeyenkawu (s.k.; long
i), n. (N) = i-mFeyesele.

T-mFeyenkomo (s. k.; long i), n. Kiggelaria
africana (N.).

T-mFeyesele ('long i), n. Small sorrel-shrub
or kind of oxalis, growing in watery
places, and whose acid edible leaves,
from the potash they contain, are used
for producing a cleaning-lather by the
Natives; also, certain epiphytic orchid,
common in Ongoye Forest.

Feza, v. Finish i. e. get to the end or
termination of any specified stretch or
allotment of work (ace), as of a particular
strip of land to be hoed, or a plough
getting to the end of a furrow used
only of such works as where the action
goes progressively forward toward a
final point [Chw. feta, get beyond; Sw.
isha, terminate].

143 Fl

u-Fezela, //. Scorpion.
i-mFezi (Feezi), n. Spitting Snake

light brown kind of naja or asp. cp.
i(li)-J'inij)i.

Fezisela, r. Help to finish oil' or gel to
the end of any particular work, as by
assisting a woman (ace) to get to tin-
end of her patch of hoeing, or by help-
ing one (ace) short of snuff, to give
a third person (ace) a lull complement,
or as one man prompting another (ace)
when making a speech or living evi-
dence by putting words into his mouth
which he has forgotten or cannot im-
mediately recollect.

FY, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Screw up the eyes
(ace), as when looking at something
distant ■= fifty ela.

umu-Fi (long//; pi. aba-Fi), //. Deceased
person.

Ex. luuiitiuioiinif'i, or umntaka'mufi (pi.
abanta/nomufi, or abantabaka'mufi), child of a
deceased man (not woman), fatherless child.

i-mFibinga (collect.), n. Opaque amber-
coloured bead or beads, of two small
sizes, — the favourite bead of Mpandc.

Phr. ngiyihulule! or ngiyihvlule imfibinga!

I would slip off the imfibinga (from the string
worn by one of the royal girls I — if I have
done so and so (a form of uku-bina or oath).
Fica, v. Press together, squeeze together,
in various senses — hence, squeeze up
or compress into a bunch, as a hand-
kerchief (ace), lot of string in the hand
(comj). fingqa); hold close together in the
hand, as a handful of salt (ace); hence,
squeeze up a handful /'. e. take out a
handful, as of salt (ace) from a sack ;
draw tight or close, as a knot (ace);
draw together wrinkles (intlonze) on
the forehead, i. e. knit the brows, frown ;
squeeze together the eyes (ace) or face
(ace), as when looking at something dis-
tant (cp. fifiyela); press close, squeeze
down, as soft goods (ace) into a sack;
drain, draw off, as water (ace) from
vegetables (ace) by turning the pot over
on the lid, or the whey from the amcxi
by opening the calabash at the bottom,
or the water from a plot of land by a
ditch (cp. enyula); do quickly, hasten,
as with any pressing work (ace), or
when walking or running; get to, find,
as a person (ace) when visiting him in
his kraal; catch up to, as a person (ace.)
travelling on ahead; close down upon
a person (ace), get hold of him face to
face with unanswerable evidence; press
upon or load one (ace), as with heavy
work. Comp. ukuti fici; ficezela; fici-
nga [Sw. fiuya, press].

144

Fl

Ex. nicungifude kuloiro'sauoti, take out
a handful for me (7. e. give me a handful)
from that salt.

amanzi kawaseko kuleyo'ndawo, as'eficwe
ttmseie, there is no longer any water in that
place, it has already heeu drawn off by the
ditch.

besihamba sifica, we pressed along quickly.

fica bo! naxi sexiyangena, hasten along,
I say! there they (the cattle) are already,
entering (the field).

intambo is'ifice ifitido, the string has now
jrot (drawn i into a knot.

kufuiuk'nkuba ngiyifice le'-ntsimu, it is ue-
cesaary that I get along sharp with this
field. '

ngamfica engeko, I came up to him (i.e.
found him i absent, not at home.

Ficeminwemibili, adj. Eight = isi-Shiya-

ngalombili.
Ficemunwemunye, adj. Nine = isi-Shiya-

nga loin nye, To bam unwemunye.

Ex. izinkomo exificemtrnwemunye, cattle
which press down one finger (the Natives in
showing nine, closing down the tenth or
little fingeri.
Ficezela, v. = cindezela.

Ficezelana, v. Follow quickly, or close
after one another, as one person in
a train walking close on the heels of
another, or wagon following close on
wagon = fitizelana.

Phr. ixintsvku sexiyaficexelana, the days
are now short.

Fici, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Press together,
squeeze together, in various senses: —
hence, squeeze or press together, as a
lemon (ace.) or the juice (ace.) therein
(comp. ficinga), or the hands to squeeze
off the water after washing them;
squeeze, as one's foot (ace.) by treading
on it, or finger in a door (comp. fice-
zela, cindezela) ; press down, as goods
(ace.) in a sack, or a person (ace.) with
a heavy burden (comp. fica, ficezela,
cindezela); draw close together i. e.
tight, as a knot ; knit the brows (intlo-
nze), as when frowning (= fica);
squeeze up the eyes (ace.), as when look-
ing at a distant object (= fica) ; hold
closed up in the hand, as a handker-
chief, or handful of grain; take up or
<mt a handful, as of salt from a sack
(= fica) = ficiza.

Ex. icangiti fici ngompondo, he presented
me with a whole pound.

awungiti fici fodo'shnkela, please do me a
handful from that sugar.

i-mFicimfici n. Ugly, deep-furrowed, squeez-
ed-up scrofulous-looking face, such as

is common among the Natives = i-mFir
timfiti; cp. um-Fingcizo.

Ficinga, v. Squeeze in an intensified sense,
with all one's might (not merely press
together = fica), as a lemon (ace.) to get
every drop of juice out; press down,
squeeze down forcibly, as soft food
(ace.) by a spoon to get out all the li-
quid, or a person's foot (acc.^by tread-
ing on it heavily and purposely; squeeze
out thoroughly, as a washed cloth (ace.)
which, after mere wringing, one holds
firmly squeezing it up by both hands
= ukuti mfomfici. Cp. ukuti fice, foca.

Ficiza, v. = ukuti fici.

isi-Fico, n. Squeezed handful or lump of
um-caba, such as a mother when grind-
ing might give to her child; small tree
(Rhus longifolia) in the bush-country
whose black berries are used as ama-ka
and are strung together to make a gir-
dle (= isi-Fuce. Comp. isi-Gcengce).

isi-Fifane, n. Irascible, quick-tempered
person, who readily fires up into a pas-
sion. Cp. isi-Kukuku.

Fifeka (s. k.), v. Get into a rage, in a pas-
sion, as a person with quick fiery tem-
per (used in perf.). See isi-Fifane.

u(lu)-Fifi. n. Any thing appearing indistinct,
not clear to the vision, as an object
seen in the dusk or the distance, a dress
marked with a close confusing pattern
as a small check or smeared print (=
u(lu)-Fikifi, u(lu)-Fikiza; cp. i-mFitimfi-
ti); person with small half-closed eyes,
or such eyes themselves, or short-sight-
ed eyes that give a blurred vision (see
i-mFimfi) often used adverbially

after a verb, as 'lufifi, or ka'lufifi,
expressing 'indistinctly, not clearly.
See ukuti fiki; fifty ela.

Ex. sakubona 'lufifi (or ka'lufifi), we saw
it indistinctly, as a blurred object.

Fifiyela, v. Screw up the eyes (ace), as
when wishing to see distinctly a distant
object = ukuti fi. Cp. fica.

Fihla, v. Hide (trans.), put away out of
sight, as any thing (ace.) so as not to
be seen (= tukuza; comp. casha; shi-
sa); conceal (mentally), keep secret,
as knowledge of a crime or the culprit's
name [Sw. ficha, hide; Bo. fisa; Her.
utika].

Ex. indaba bayayifihla, they are keeping
the affair secret.

Fihlakala (s.k.), v. Be in a hidden or con-
cealed state (in perf.).

Fihleka (s.k.), v. Get hidden or concealed.

Fl 145

Hide, conceal, or keep secret

Fihlela, r

from.
Fihlelana, v. Hide, conceal, or keep secret

from one another.
Fihli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — fihliza: fihlizeka.

i(li)-Fi'hlifihli, n. Disorderly, untidy person,
who cannot keep his place or his appear-
ance neat and clean (= i-mFihlimfihli;
comp. i(li)-Yatayata) ; plur. ama-Fihli-
fihli, things lying about or placed in a
disorderly, untidy manner, as pots in a
hut, clothes in a ward-robe, or rubbish
lying about (cp. i-niFuhlumfuhlu; i-
mFukumfuku, etc.). See fihliza.

Fihlikeza (s. k.), v. = ukuti fihlikezi.

Fihlikezi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Squash,
crush any soft substance, as cowdung
or a frog, with one's foot.

i-mFiihlimfihli, n. = i(li)-Fihlifihli ; ama-
Fihli fihli.

Fihlilili, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — fihliza; fihli-
zeka; ukuti fuhlululu.

Fihliza, v. Put or place untidily, disorderly
about, as pots (ace.) about a hut, clothes
in a cupboard, or rubbish about a place
(-= fuhluza; hlikiza; comp. funyaza);
crush, squash, any soft-bodied or squa-
shy thing (ace), as a beetle beneath the
foot (= eifiza) = ukuti fihli, hlifiza.

Fihlizeka (s.k.),v. Get so crushed or
squashed, as above = cifizeka, hlifizeka.

NmFihlo, n. Secret, thing or affair hidden
or concealed from others. Cp. isi-Fuba;

/ fihla; i-mFumbe

Fika (s. k.), v. Arrive, as a traveller at a
place (loc); reach to, get to, as a rope
extended so as to reach a certain spot,
or a traveller walking as far as a certain
place (loc); often used as an aux. verb
expressing 'to get to do' anything (perf.
fike), as below. Comp. za; finyelela;
ukuti qata. [Sw. Sen. Lu. fika, arrive;
MZT. sika; Nya. xika; Chw. fitla; Ga.
fuka; Kamb. uka, come; Itum. koo; Ku.
uwaga; Suk. soga; Hei\ vazd\.

Ex. indaba afilce ayingene nyesihlutu, he
goes and discusses the matter iu a violent
manner.

tcafika wati-ni umlunyu? aud what did
the whiternau get to say?

uxawufik'ulilupeke, you will come to suffer.

senyifikile! I have already arrived! —
said in reply to a call, and meaning that 'I
am comiug at once'.

Fikela (s. k.), v. Arrive for, or upon, or
at ; often used in passive to express 'be
befallen' (cp. velela).

Ex. nyafikelwa usixi olukulu, I was come
for by a great affliction or misery, i. e. a

Fl

grent affliction befell me, or a great feeling
of sorrow came over me.

Fiki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Appear or gel
seen indistinctly, not clearly, as an ob-
ject in the distance or in the dark =
fikiza. Cp. u(lu)-Fikiza.

um-Fiki (s.k.),n.l. New arrival, person
recently come.

u(lu)-Fikifi (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Fifi.

Fikisa (s. k.), v. Cause or help to arrive,
or get to ; hence, bring, send ; extend to
(trans.); take on as far as; make 'go
home' i.e. attain its mark, or penetrate
deeply so as to be effectual, as one
might an assegai (ace.) when stabbing
a beast; make one's arrival pleasant,
welcome, as a man his friend (ace.) by
slaughtering for him a beast (with nga),
or the people in a kraal a newly mar-
ried bride, or member of any commu-
nity showing kindly attention to a new
arrival (see i(li)-Pe).

Ex. kafikisanya umkonto, he didn't thrust
the assegai home (consequently it was with-
out result).

inkosi yabafbkisa nyamashumi amabili
enkomo, the chief welcomed them by a pre-
sent of twenty head of cattle.
Fikisela (s. k.), v. Make to arrive for, etc.

Phr. uku -xi -fikisela, to get to do for one-
self, please oneself.

uyaxifikisela kuko konke, he does as he
likes in everything.

kubi ukutenyelwa ny'omunye, kuhle umuntu
axifikisele, it is unsatisfactory to have things
bought for you by another ; it is better that
one get to do the thing for himself I i. e.
chooses for himself, pleases himself).

Fikisisa (s. k.), v. Drive home thoroughly,
as when lancing an abscess with a lancet
or stabbing a beast.

Fikiza (s. k.), v. = ukuti fiki.

u(lu)-Fikiza (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Fifi.

Filisa, v. Depreciate, talk disparagingly
of, 'run down', as one storesman the
goods (ace.) of another, or a person dis-
paraging a present (ace.) that he has
received = kesa, gxiba. Cp. fojisa;
hlikiza; jibaza; tunisa; ncipaza.

i-mFimfi, n. Person with small, half-closed
eyes; such a half-closed, screwed-up eye
= u(lu)-Fifi.

Ex. uBani uy'imfimfi, So-and-so has small
half-closed eyes.

Fimfiyela, v. = fifiyela.

Finca, v. = fica.

i(li)-Findo, n. Knot, in a string, etc. Cp.
i(li)-Puzu. [Sw. Bo. fundo, knot; Ga.
kifundikwa].

10

Fl

14G

Fl

Phr. unefindo, she is having her metises.
See gexa.

ukwenxa ifindo, to stick at the swallow,
not smoothly passing down, as sweet-pota-
toes or other food often does, or even drink,
when excitedly talking. Op. ma; binda.

ifindo lenfa, common 'overhand' knot, as
made in a piece of cotton. Cp. i-iiThibuyeli.

u(lu)-F7ndo (Fvindo), n. Lower projecting
part or lumbar vertebra? of the spine,
just behind the hips; back of a hut i.e.
the point immediately opposite the door-
way, used as a 'centre' in arching the
wattles of the framework (comp. isi-
Nina; i(li)-Kotamo) = u(lu)-Fundo
[Her. o-ndyindi, crooked back].

Kx. uBani unofindo, So-and-so has a bend
in the back /. e. undue prominence of the
lower backbone.

Finga, v. Render harmless and unsuccess-
ful, by a charm, the evil works, of any
description, of an enemy, umtakati, and
the like. Comp. teleza; pundula. See
i-mFingo.

Fingciza, v. (lather together, as a dress
I ace.) round the waist or shirt round the
neck; gather or wizen up the face (ace),
i. c. have it marked all over with deep
ugly furrows, as some Natives (see um-
Fingcizo).

um-Fingcizo, a. ■'>. A gathering or pleat,
as round the waist of a dress; deep
furrow in the face, of some scrofulous
Natives (comp. i-mFicimfici). See fingci-
za.

Ex. ubuso bake btmemifmgcixo, his face
ta pulled together by furrows = buifimfici-
Di fir i.

i(li)-Fingo, n. Heap or collection on one
spot, of anything (comp. i-Nqwaba) ; pile
of firewood collected by a Native black-
smith for making charcoal (cp. i(li)-
Lahle) [Sw. fungu, pile; Ga. chiigo].

i-mFingo, n. Any medicine used for the
purpose of uku- finga q. v., though par-
ticularly a small kind of large fern {Stan-
geria paradoxa) having a large red
pineapple-like fruit, and used as an
i-nTelezi and personal charm for ren-
dering harmless and unsuccessful the
machinations of enemies and evil-doers
of whatever kind (comp. i-mPundu;
i-nTelezi); also a kind of large climbing
fern-like plant.

Ex. ngimpatele imfmgo, I am carrying au
imfmgo-charm for him i. e. against him —
tv man was accustomed to do when
going out to face any enemy or danger.

isi-Fingo, n. Darkness before the dawn
(C. N. fr. Xo.).

Fingqa, v. Gather together, draw close in,
as a mass of string or a handkerchief
(ace.) in the hand (comp. fica), or a
dress when gathering it up so as to re-
duce the length (comp. finyeza), or the
extended legs when drawing them up
close to the body, or the body when
doubling it up as from colic-pains, or of
a dead man before burial, or scattered
cattle when driving them up into one
compact mass, or a telescope when
shutting it [Bo. finta, squeeze together].

Ex. uku-\i-fingqa, draw itself up, as a
snail when touched on the body, or a ca-
terpillar when crawling.

Phr. innjoje, itmfmgqe, wmyise kwa'Banda-
banda, abuy'amabel'ebomvu, umdhlise ngo-
tshani bomncele, ax'afe eqakanyeka — abusive
language commonly used by one person to
another (mostly by women), both parties
being referred to in the third person.

iqalaqala lak 'oFingqa, ngokufingqa ainu-
viyo, a cheeky, impudent person, utterly
shameless or fearless, who would attack a
whole crowd at once — as an induna driv-
iug together his troops.

Fingqana, v. Draw itself up or together,
as a snail when touched, or a cater-
pillar when crawling (comp. vingqoza) ;
be drawn or collected close together, as
cattle driven up into a compact mass,
(used in perf. fi7igqene), as when enter-
ing the kraal-gate or before inspanning,
or a man's body when huddled up (cp.
finyela).

FVngqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vingqo.

Fingqoza, v. = vingqoza.

i-mFingwana, n. Seed at the top of the
i-mFingo.

FVni, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = finiza.

isi-Finini, n. Food consisting of fresh-
milk mixed with um-Caba = isi-Cafu-
cafu. Cp. isi-Tubi.

Finiza, v. Hold, back, not come forward,
as mealies when not growing well from
abundance of weeds, or a sickly child
that doesn't grow in a healthy degree,
as from some constitutional weakness;
hold back, not bring forward, as a per-
son not stating all he knows of an affair,
keeping back certain points (ace), or a
man intentionally restraining himself
from laughter (ace).
, isi, or um-Fino (gen. no plur.), n. 5. Daily,
ordinary food of any kind, as vegetables,

*, grain, meat, beer, etc.

imi-Fino (collect, no sing.), n. 5. Any
wild-growing vegetable or edible herb
(mainly leaves and stalks), cooked as
vegetables for food (for cultivated ve-
getable see isi-Limo).

-

Fl

147

Fl

Finya, v. Blow the nose i.e. clear it of
mucus (ama-Finyila) by blowing; put
on tinjr fruit appearing as a little knob I
just forming below the flower, as plants |
of the pumpkin kind [Bo. fiua, blow the
nose; Her. hinya, blow).

Phr. ngamtinta ubec'esafinya, I touched a
bece (q.v.) still just forming — a little fruit
so tender that a mere touch makes it fall
from the stalk — may be used of any very
fragile vessel, or peevish child, which only
requires to be touched to fall to pieces, be-
gin to cry, or get out of temper.

yeka ukamba Iwa ubeeesafinya! oh (my!
what a fragile beer-pot!

Finyana, v. = fumana ; also minyana.

Finyanisa, v. = fumanisa; also minyanisa.

FVnye, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = finyeza; finyela.

Finyela, v. Be or get drawn in, contracted,
drawn together, as a muscle, a man's
extended leg when drawn back to the
body, or the whole body when gathered
together in small compass as from cold
or when hiding (comp. fingqana); draw
in (metaphor.), as children suddenly
quietening down upon the entry of a
superior; go with limbs or muscles
contracted, i.r. go with sharp quick step,
hasten briskly along (not with slow,
easy gait), as when overtaken by dark;
get drawn to a close, come to an end,
be finished, as any work, food, or affair;
get dropped, discontinued, as a lawsuit
that has been given up = finyezeka.
[Sw. finyo, a wrinklej.

Ex. wohmnba ufinyele einLalaxi, you must
get sharply along to the Umlalazi.

amakaxa as'eyafinyela, the cold-weather
is coining to an end.

Finyelela, v. Reach to, get to, any par-
_ ticular place, as a string draw out, a

/ person's arm when seeking to get some-
thing (with ku or loc); reach, as a tra-
veller a place (loc.) ; metaphor., attain to,
as a certain rank.

Finyeza, v. Draw in, contract, draw to-
gether, as a person the muscles (ace),
or his extended leg, or the whole body
when huddling it up (comp. fingqa);
make go with the limbs or muscles
contracted, i. e. with a sharp quick step,
make hasten briskly along, as one driv-
ing cattle (ace.) when overtaken by the
dark; draw to a close, make come to an
end, finish, as a man any particular
work (ace), food, or speech; drop or
discontinue, as a lawsuit (ace.) one is
giving up.

i-mFinyezi, n. Large kind of wood-louse

= i-mFumhr.

ama-Finyila (no siny.), n. Mucus from the
nose. Comp. ama-Kovula; n(l>o-Timn-
la; um-Nqonqo [Her. oma-nina],

Finyisa, v. Pass mucus from the vagina,
as a cow when already in calf (cp. ;>;/.-
ngula); put on tiny fruit below the
flower, as plants of the pumpkin kind
(= finya).

Fipa, ukuti (Fipha, ukuthi), v. Be darkened
or obscure to the vision hence, be
dimmed, as an object seen througb a
dirty window-glass, mist, or in the dusk;
or, be dim or of unclear colour, as the
dirty window-glass itself, or the covor
of a book when the bright colour has
faded; become darkened i.e. not 'fair'
or clear as before, as the complexion
of a Native through anger or haixl work
(comp. gqunqa); get darkened or dim-
med, come over dark, as the heavens
(izulu) when clouding over or at dusk
(cp. hwaqabala); frown the face, blink,
as when one sees a sudden blow coming
down upon him = fipala (mostly used
in pert', fipele) ; make blurred or obscure
to the vision - hence, make be dimmed,
as a dirty window-glass the object (ace.)
behind it; make be dim, as the window-
glass (ace.) by smearing it with dirt, or
the sun the colour (ace.) of a book-cover
or coat; make become darkened i.e. no
longer clear or fair, as hard work the
complexion (ace.) of a Native, or the
clouds the sky (cp. ukuti luvaqa); cause
one (ace.) to frown the face (ace), as
by making a sudden feint of striking
him; frown at one (ace), give him a
sign of displeasure with the brows, as
when wishing him to cease talking =
fipaza [Sw. ficha, obscure].

Ex. was'emuti fipa uyise, watula, then his
father gave him a frowning look, aud he
kept quiet.

kttti fipa kakulu, uma sekuxakusa, things
become very dusky, or dim tojithe vision,
just before dawn.
i(li)-Fipa (Fip/ia), >/. ='-i(li)-Liba.

u(lu)-Fipa (Fipha), n. Thing of a tleep
venous, or dai'k crimson, or purplish
brown colour.

Fipala (Fiphala), v. — ukuti fipa.

Fipaza (Fiphaza), v. — ukuti fipa.

um-Fipazo (Fiphazo), n. 5. Small veldt-
plant having a large white flower which
becomes inky-black when faded.

Fisa, v. Desire to have anything (ace.);
wish longingly, as to do anything (with
uku); also causative form of fa (die),
frequently used in reflective as below
[Skr. ri, desire; Ar. bidd, righib, timij,
wish, desire, covet; Her. pia, desire].

10

Fl

148

FO

Ex. uku-zi-fisa, to make oneself to die,
i.e. feign death, pretend to die, as some in-
sects

Fisana, v. Die ;ill at once, one with the
other.

Ex. lafisana ixwe isikonyane, the laud
died or was mined in all its districts, all
over, by the locusts.

Fiseka (s. k.), v. Be very desirable or
wished for.

Fiselwa, v. Make to be died for by, i.e.
make to lose (by death), as an umtakati
causing a man to lose his stock or a
woman her children.

Kx. uNobani ufiselwe indoda tig'ujntakati,
So-and-so has been caused to have, her hus-
band die for her. i.e. has been widowed,
by an umtakati-

Fisha, or Fishane, adj. = fusha, fushane.

Fitezela (Fifhezela), v. Assert violently,
hurriedly (C.N.).

Fiti, ukuti (Fit hi, ukuthi), r. Come down
upon something soft (ace.) with the foot
or knee, put the foot or knee upon, as
upon a snake on the path, or the knee
upon a bundle of grass to keep it firm
while binding (= fitiza); also (rarely) =
ukuti fiti fiti; ukuti fiti I it i.

i-mFiti (Fithi), u. Amabele, in ear or

grain, of a poor, wild-like quality, which
is sorted out from the other when har-
vesting. Com p. i-uiFit'nufiti.

Phr. uytuigishaya imfiti, he makes me
out a good-for-nothing amubcle-e&r, i. e. a
thing of no consequence, a stupid.

isi-Fiti (Fithi), it. Small coast tree (Ba-
li hi a racemosa).

Fiti fiti, ukuti (Fithi fithi, ukuthi), v. Do
quickly, polish off briskly, any work
(ace) taken in hand = fitifitiza.

i(li)-Fitifiti (Fit) a fithi), n. Brisk, indus-
trious worker. Cp. i(li)-Futufutu.

ubu-Fitifiti (Fit hi fithi), n. Brisk working
of a number of people together, as of a
lot of girls busy over the grinding
stones.

Fitifitiza (Fithi fithiza), v. = ukuti fiti fiti.
Ex. iiiriuHjifiiifitixele lo'gu-ayi, just rub
off this tobacco for me, ?'. e. make it into
-liiiff quickly.

Fitilili, ukuti (Fithilili, ukuthi), v. Be in
a disordered mass or abundance 'all
over the place,' as a lot of clothes or
pots all about inside of a hut, or nu-
merous bundles of grass thrown about
in all directions outside. Cp. ukuti ni-
ki ; ukuti fuhlululu, ukuti fihlilili, uku-
ti cakalala,

i-m Fitilili (Fithilili), n. Disordered throw-
ing or being scattered about, a higgledy-
piggledy, as above = i-nCakalala.
i-mFVtimfiti (Fithim fithi), n. Thing dim,
indistinct to the sight, as anything seen
at dusk, or a smeared picture (cp. u(lu)-
Fifi); talk that is obscure, not clearly
intelligible; thing of disagreeable ap-
pearance (and expressing inferiorness
of quality or badness of state), as dis-
ordered thatch on a roof, things lying
untidily about a room, a mat that is old
and worn, amabele of a poor quality
(= i-mFiti), or an ugly scrofulous-look-
ing face (= i-mFieimfici).
Fitiza (Fithiza), v. Do quickly, polish off
briskly, as any work taken in hand, as
/ a hut (ace.) to be built, grain to be
ground, or a boot to be repaired (= fi-
tifitiza); 'blear' the eyes, appear dimly
or indistinctly before them, as an object
seen at dusk, or marked with a small
pattern that cannot be clearly seen; ap-
pear dim, obscui*e, to the mind, as un-
intelligible talk; put the foot or knee
upon something soft or giving, as upon
a snake (ace.) on the path, or the knee
upon a bundle of grass when binding
it = ukuti fiti.

Ex. intombaxana amabele iicafitizdle. se-
yawaqeda, the girl has polished off the an/a-
bele (to be ground), she has already finished
it.
Fitizelana (Fithizelana), v. Follow quickly
after, on the heels of, close upon one
another, as one wagon close upon ano-
ther, cattle following on the heels of one
another as when going into the fold —
ficezelana.
i-mFiva, n. Malarial fever [Eng.j. See i-

Mbo.
Fiyane, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Die off just at

once, without any ado.
um-Fo, n. 1. Man, fellow (in a familiar,
not contemptuous sense, though imply-
ing that he is a 'stranger,' not one with-
in our circle of friends); plur. aba-Fo,
those who are not with us, merely 'men'
of other tribes, often implying 'the ene-
my' — every strange tribe being sup-
posed to be an enemy ; applied by males
to any male (for use of females to males,
see um-Ne), of a like or younger age
(if elder, see um-Ne), born of the same
mother (i. e. brother) ; of the same fa-
ther by other wifes (i. e. half brother) ;
of the paternal uncle (i. e. cousin, — not
of paternal aunt, nor of maternal uncle
= um-Zala; nor of maternal aunt =
um-Ntaka'mame); or of any kraal or
family having the same isi-bongo (i. e.

FO

149

FO

clansman, kinsman, blood-relative). Ap-
plied by females to any female of like
age to the speaker (if younger, see um-
Naiva; if elder, see u-Dade), born in
the same degrees of kindred as above
and therefore equivalent to 'sister, half-
sister, cousin, or clanswoman.' [At. ifo,
elder brother - cp. um-Fana].

Ex. umfo wetu, wain, wabo (never wami,
wnko, wake), my, or our brother, or sister,
etc. ; plur. abafo wetu, menu, wabo (never
bami, etc.; or beta, etc.), my, or our bro-
thers, or sisters, etc.

umfo wapi yena lo? iig'ou'as'eLangem, or
ng'owas'emHlatuxe, what (of where) fellow
is this? he is one of the Elangeni clan, or
he is from the Umhlatuze River.

akule, aye ku'bafo, he (the child) will
grow up and then go off to those who are
not with us, are strangers, enemies.

isi-Fo, n. Disease, a sickness (in a speci-
fied sense). See fa; uku-Fa.

Ex. ubulawa y'isifo sini? he is afflicted
with what disease?

isi-Foboza, n. Wooden spoon with a very
large (long and broad) mouthpiece =
isi-Kabetuke. Comp. isi-Xivembe.

Foca, v. Press (in a squeezing manner)
in the hand, or with a spoon (not to
squeeze with all one's might = fici-
nga), as the dregs (ace.) of utshwala
to get out any further liquid, or a
lemon (ace.) between the fingers, or
any mashy food with a spoon to make
the water rise; press out, as juice out
^ of a lemon (doub. ace.) = ukuti foco.

Foceka (s. k.), v. Get pressed or squeezed ;

or pressed out, as above = ukuti foco.
isi-Focela, n. — Isi-Fociya.
isi-Fociya, n. Belt made of fibre worn by

women from after the first childbirth =

isi-Bamba, i(li)-Xama. Comp. um-Ka-

nzi; um-Qila; i-mFacane.

Phr. isifociya sika'nina = umu-Mba, q.v.

Foco, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = foca, foceka;
focoka, focoza. Comp. ukuti poto.

Focoka (s. k.), v. — facaka; faxaka. Comp.
potozeka.

i-mF6cmfoco, n. = i-mFacamfaca.

Focoza, v. — facaza; faxaza. Comp. potoza.

Focozeka (s. k.), v. = focoka.

Fofobala, v. Stay indoors (i.e. not appear
or go outside), as a young-man or girl
on any of the preliminary marriage vi-
sits to one another's kraals, or a person
when sick. Comp. fukama, quda.

Ex. mus^ukuloku itfofobele endhlini, you
shouldn't lie always staying indoors.

Fofololo, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Be relaxed, slack-
ened, hanging lifelessly, loosely down,
as a slackened sail, or the body of a
famished, powerless man ; slacken, let
hang, as one's working, walking, talk-
ing, etc., i.e. take a moment's rest or
relaxation, as when travelling, being
importunate with one's talk = ukuti vo-
vololo, vonononeka.

Fohla,<». Break into, or through, i.e. go into,
or through, in any irregular, generally
violent, manner, as when a man forces
his way into a kraal (ace. or loc.) or house
(whether he break through the fence,
jump over it, or enter the place in any
other manner than honestly by the gate),
or (by comparison) when he might
break away through a crowd of people
== ukuti fohlo.

Fohlo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fohloka; fohlo-
za; fohla; ukuti hlofo.

u(lu)-Fohlo,rc. = u(lu)-Kohlo.

Fohloka (s. k.), v.:, Get smashed, or crushed,
with a crashing noise, as a calabash or
slate when struck a heavy blow, or a
match-box or mealie-stalk when crushed
= fohlokala, hlofoka.

Fohlokala (s.k.),v. Be smashed, as above.

i-mF6hlomfohlo, n. Any thing of a drily
fragile nature, breaking up with a crash-
ing sound, as a calabash, glass-vase,
match-box, or dry sticks and leaves on
the ground beneath a bush.

i(li)-Fohlowane, n. One of the um-Fece, or
i-Lala, boxes which, with a small stone
placed inside, are strung together into
an anklet worn in order to produce a
rattling noise when dancing = i(li)-Folo-
hvane.

Fohloza, v. Smash, or crush, with a crash-
ing sound, as a calabash (ace.) or glass-
vase when striking it heavily, or a
mealie-stalk or dry leaves when crush-
ing them under foot ; go crashing
through dry undergrowth or bush =
hlofoza, coboza.

isi-Fohloza, n. Arbitrary, self-willed, rough-
mannered person, who forces his way
roughly and without concern anywhere,
as through a mealie-field where there
is no path.

Foja, v. Be humbled i. e. have the pride
taken out of one, be brought down in
tone, as a haughty official when publicly
rebuked by his chief (= fola; toba); be
humiliated, made feel small, as a father
might by insolent conduct on the part
of his child in the presence of others
(used in pert'.).

isi-Foji, n. An humbled, humiliated person.

FO

150

FO

Fojisa, v. Humble /. e. subject to humili-
ation, take the pride out of a person
(ace), brine him down in tone, as a
chief a haughty induna by publicly
rebuking him ; ' mortify, make feel or
appeal- small, as the bad behaviour of
a child might its parents (aec.) = folisa.
Comp. filisa.

u-Fojisa, //. Section of the izi-mPohlo re-
giment of Shaka.

um-Fokazana (s.k.), n. 1. Little bit of a fel-
low from some other tribe (by Natives
always supposed to be inferior to their
own) - diminutive form of umFokazi
used in sense of contempt; hence, stran-
ger in a poor way; poor fellow living
as dependant or servant in a strange
kraal, as old Native bachelors often do;
any beggarly, menial-class person (term
of ' contempt). Cp. v-Twanqu; u-Ngoqo
[comp. Ar. fakir, poor man].

um-Fokazi (s.k.),n.l. Stranger i.e. one un-
known in the kraal; commonly used by
girls when talking of young men, even
when familiarly known.

Foko, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. — fokoka; fo-
koza.

Fokoka (s. k.), v. Get crushed down with
a crisp, crackling sound, as long dry
grass or straw when trodden on = uk/i-
li foko.

i-mFOkomfoko (s.k.),n. Thing of a light
dry nature which when pressed down
crushes together with a kind of soft
crackling sound, as long dry grass
-rowing thick on the veldt, or a heap
of straw; hair (of Natives) when long,
and of fine, soft quality, readily crushing
down, like hay, when pressed by the
hand. Comp. i-mFukumfuku.

Fokoqa, or Fokoqela (s. k.), v. = ukuti fo-
koqo.

Fokoqeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti fokoqo.

Fokoqo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Cram into,
stuff into, press a mass of any soft,
yielding substance into any hole or ori-
fice, as a whole sweet-potato into one's
mouth at once = fokoqela; get so cram-
med in, as above = fokoqeka.

u- Fokoqo (s. k.), n. Name jocularly applied
to isi-Nkwa.

F6koto, ukuti (Fokotho, ukuthi), v. Sit down,

or take a seat for an instant, as when

at work, or when a person has just

laken his seat and is then called away.

;np. ukuti qubasha.

u(lu)-Fokoti (Fokothi), n. Anterior fonta-
nclJe, or spot on the top of an infant's
head where the skull-bones have not yet
met together; part of the navel-string

remaining on the calf after birth (cp.
i-nGalati).

Fokoza (s. k.), v. Crush down with a crisp,
crackling sound anything of the nature
of long dry grass or straw (ace), when
pressing the foot upon it ; crush through
with a crackling sound, as when walking
through (with ku or loc.) such long dry

= ukuti
sahamba

foko.

crushing

Ex
we went
overgrowth of grass

i(li)-Fokozi (s. k.), n.
appearance, from
and disordered.
i(li)-Xiba.

Fola, v. Stoop, as a
. at something on
work (= kotama;
bow down the head
a blow; be bent or

ifokoxa^etnenweni omlculu,

through the long thick

Hut with a dilapidated
the thatch being old
Comp. i(li)-Dokodo;

person when looking
the ground, or over
cp. qomfa); bend or
(intrans.) as before
bowed down (meta-
phor.) i. e. humbled, as a proud person
who has been intentionally humiliated

, (= toba; foja); stick or pierce all over,
cover with small holes or pits, as boys
the intsema, (ace.) bulb with their sharp-
ened sticks, hob-nailed boots the ground,
or small-pox the face of a man (= ukuti
folo folo).

Ex. omimye afqjiswe, ab'es'efola, another
person after being subjected to humiliation,
becomes humble (this one not).

i(li)-Foliji,«. Forage, oats [Eng].

Folisa, v. Cause to stoop; bend or bow
down (trans.) the head (ace); bring-
down, bend, humble, as a proud or
stubborn person (ace. — fojisa; tobisa).

i(li)-Folo, 11. Snare for catching bucks, etc.
(C.N.).

Folo folo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Pierce all over
with holes or pits, as boys the intsema
bulb (ace.) with their sharpened sticks, a
hobnailed boot the soft ground, or as
small-pox a man's face (= fola; foloza);
get so pierced all over with holes or
pits (=foleka; foloka); put on assumed,
ostentatious gestures of the body, as a
dandy or when ostentatiously admiring,
showing love, etc. (= foloza; folozela);
talk (with false appearances of truth)
lying, fabricated, deceiving stuff, as
when backbiting or making a dishonest
sale (— foloza, poloza).

i(li)-F6lofolo, n. False person, given to talk-
ing lying fabrications, as when backbit-
ing or making a dishonest sale (= i(li)-
Polopolo); one who puts on assumed,
ostentatious gestures of the body, as
a dandy, or when ostentatiously ad-
miring, showing love, etc., as a coquette

FO

(— i(li)-Kendhleken die, i(li)-Kcnyekenye,
i(li)-Volovolo) ; plur. ama-Fdlofolo, pits
or small holes made in number on any
thing, as the pock-marks on a person's
face, or the impression left in soft
ground by the nails of a boot.

Foloka (s. k.), v. Get pierced or pitted all
over with small holes, as the intsema
after being stuck by boys, or the soft
ground by hobnails in a boot, or a
man's face by small-pox = ukuti folo folo.

i-mFoloko (s.k.),n. Small-pox, from the
pock-marks left on the body (== u-Biei,
i-nGxo bongo); fork [Eng. and D.].

Folokohla (s.k.),v. Crash through or
into, as a buck crashing through a bush
(ace. or loc), or an ox breaking through
a wooden fence = fulukuhla, foloko-
hleka, ukuti folokohlo.

Folokohleka (s.k.),v. Get crashed through,
as the thicket or fence, as above;
go crashing through, as the buck or ox,
as above (= folokohla, fulukuhlela).

Folokohlo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Crash
through, crash down, or crash into, as a
buck through a bush (loc. or ace), an
ox through a wooden fence, or any
heavy thing falling upon dry bush (ace.
= ukuti fulukuh lu, folokohla); get crash-
ed through, crashed into, or crashed
down, as the bush, or fence, above (=
folokohleka).

Folokota (Folokotha), v. Make or cause
to collapse, or fall bodily 'in a heap', as
one might a hut (ace.) by removing
the pillar supporting it, or a horse by
shooting it through the heart = ukuti
folokoto.

Folokoteka (Folokotheka), v. Collapse, or
fall bodily 'in a heap', as a hut when
the supporting pillar is removed, or a
horse when shot through the heart =
ukuti folokoto.

Folokoto, ukuti (Folokotho, ukuthi), v. = fo-
lokota; folokoteka.
i(ii)-Fololwane, n. = i(li)-Fohlowane.

i(li)-Folosi, n. A leader i.e. one of the
leading couple in a span of oxen. [D.
voor-os].

Foloza, v. Pierce or pit with numerous
small holes, as boys the intsema bulb
(ace.) when stabbing it with their sharp-
ened sticks, or small-pox the face, or
a hobnailed boot soft ground (== fola);
talk falsely with a show of truth, as
when backbiting or making a dishonest
sale (= poloza; habuza; hafuza); put
on false, ostentatious gestures of the
body, as a dandy (= folozela) = ukuti
/ folo folo.

151 FO

Folozela,/'. Put on false, assumed, osten-
tatious gestures of the body, as a dandy,
or when ostentatiously admiring, show-
ing love, etc, as a coquette, kenyezela,
kendhlenyeka, kendhlezela, volozela.

i-mFolozi, n. Kind of pointed zigzag or
chevron pattern, formed by double rows
of tiny knobs or warts oil the sides of
Native pottery, or a waving zigzag pat-
tern formed of fibre threads on Native
matting; such a pot, or mat itself; small
edible gourd, having smooth or wart-
ed shell, and introduced in recent times
from Natal (= u-Galonci) into Zululand
(r= u-Sololo); section of the izi-mPohlo
regiment of Shaka.

um-Fomamasi, //. 5. — see uni-Mfomnmasi.

Fononeka (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = mfononeka.

Fonqa, v. Crumple up together, bend or
crush up together by roughly turning in,
etc., as one might a sheet of paper, a
sleeping-mat (ace), etc., instead of rolling
or folding it properly, or as one might
the limbs of a person when fighting
fiercely with him.

isi-Fonyo, n. (C.N.) = isi-Mfonyo.
Fonyo fonyo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fonyo fo-

nyoza.
Fonyofonyoza, or Fonyoza, v. = mfonyoza.
Fosha, v. = mba [E.].
i(li)-Fosholo, n. Spade, shovel [E.].

Foto, ukuti (Fbtho, ukuthi), v. Yield or
sink readily to pressure, as anything
of the nature of an i-mFotomfoio q. v.
(= fotoka) ; make so yield i. e. press
down, anything (ace.) of the same na-
ture; hence, lie sinkingly down upon a
soft feather bed or heap of hay; walk
with a constant sinking of the upper
body as though the legs were weak (=
fotoza) = ukuti tofo; cp. ukuti poto,
faea.

Fotoka (Fothoka), v. = ukuti foto. Com p.
potoka; facaka.

i - m Foto m foto (Fothomfotho), ». Anything
of a soft, generally dry, nature readily
sinking under pressure, as a feather-
cushion, heap of clothes or soft hay (=
i-nTofonfofo, i-nTobontobo) ; also used of
meat, and soft-boiled new mealies, as
readily giving when chewed. Com]).
i-rnPotompoto ; i-nTanyantanya.

isi, or um-Fotongo (Fothongo), n.o. Small
veldt-ditch or hollow, generally found
where two slopes or inclinations meet,
and carrying a small freshet during a
heavy rain.

Fotoza (Fothoza), v. = ukuti foto ; cp. po-
toza; faeaza.

FU

152

FU

Fu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Throw out bodily,
in a mass, 'flop down', as the water
(ace.) from a basin, or potatoes from a
basket: throw out in a mass upon, as
when tli rowing upon a person (ace.) the
water from a bucket (with nga)\ squat
down 'flop', as a woman when sitting
or a hen on the nest = fuza; fumba;
ukuti* qu.

Ex. was'engiti fu ngegula, he thereupon
threw out upon me (the sour-milk) from the
milk-gourd.

i(li)-Fu, >/. Cloud, of the sky ;"field carrying a
very heavy crop, 'a great mass' of grain.
See%ama-Fuyafu. Comp. umu-Laza;
i(li)-Keke, um-Qongo, ama-Nkonkowa?ie
[Kamb. ibu\ San. Heh. i-fundi; Go. ma-
vundi, clouds;! Sw.^ ma-vunde-vunde,
scattered cloud; Kag. kungugu; Reg.
m/u-kuti; Her. oru-suzu, light clouds].

isi-Fu, n. Stone-trap for birds (see isi-Fe);
quantity of soil loosened at one time
when digging (C.X.).

u(lu)-Fu,;/. Stench (= u(lu)-Futo); (C.N.)
paunch or first stomach of an ox (=
u(lu)Su); (C.N.) despised person, not
worth regarding [see u(lu)-Su\.

i(li)-Fuba, n. Pelican {Pelicanus rufescens).

isi-Fuba, n. Chest, breast (comp. i(li)-Be-
le) ; central body of an army (as dis-
tinguished from the flanks - see u(lu)-
Pondo, also isi-Nqe); entrusted secret,
affair to be retained in the heart (comp.
i-mFihlo, i-mFumbe) ; intimate, or breast
friend, to whom one's secrets are con-
fided ; any chest complaint when ac-
companied by pain and coughing (cp.
n(lu)-Fuba) [Ga. ki-fuba, chest; Sw. Ze.
Ngu. ki-fua; MZT. ci-fua; San. kefula;
Kag. kifa].

Phr. izive ulitwele ngesifuba, carrying the
country on your chest, as though forcing
your way against it = going up-country,
towards inland.

sexagcwala esifubeni k/'mi i-.induha, my
breast (or inner heart) is already filled with
(an abundance of troubling) affairs.

isifuba mko leso, that is something for you
to keep to yourself, a secret confided to you.

u(lu)-Fuba, 7i. Asthma; emphysema; some-
times applied to any very slow-progres-
sing variety of chronic consumption.
Cp. i(li)-Xwala.

isi-Fuce,w. Certain tree (Rhus longifolia)
= isi-Fico.

isi-Fuci, or Fucu, n. Lump of um-enba
(C.N.) = isi-Fico.

Fucu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stink, emit a
stench, as a putrefying carcase = fucu-
ka. Comp. u(lu)~Futo.

Fucuka (s. k.), />. Get to emit a stench, as
above = ukuti fucu.

i-mFucumfucu, n. Rubbish, refuse, off-
castings, and the like, generally lying
about to be collected and cast away, as
rubbish about in a room or workshop,
clippings lying about after hedge-cut-
ting, bits of grass after thatching, or (by
comparison) dirt all over a dirty-boy's
body ; great number, or quantity, of any
thing 'lying all about,' as a large scat-
tered herd of cattle, or food about in
large quantities at a feast = i-mFucuza,
i-m Vucumvucu. Comp. i-mFuku?nfvku;
i-mFihlimfihli; ti(lu)- Vucu.

ubu-Fucufucu, n. = i-mFucumfucu.

Fucuza, v. Have to do with an i-mFucu-
mfucu q.v. in any manner; hence, make
a mess or rubbish all about a place;
collect, or remove, such rubbish (ace),
or dirt from the body or a dirty gar-
ment ; have to deal with a large scattered
herd of cattle, as when collecting the
scattered herd together, or driving it
out of the place in which it is mo-
mentarily grazing; or have to do with
i. e. collect, get in, manage, large quan-
tities of crops as when harvesting, or
large quantities of food as at a feast =
vucuza, vuculula.

i-m Fucuza, n. = i-mFucumfucu.

u(lu)-Fudu, n. Tortoise; heaviness of heart,
loss of good spirits, bad humour, as
caused by any passing mental disturb-
ance or distress (comp. u(lu)-Kutu) ;
(C.N.) kind of dancing [Her. o-nduzti,
tortoise; Ga. ki-ndu; Chw. khulu].

Ex. ungamhlupi enofudu Iwosix/i, don't
bother him while he is out of good-humour
through affliction.

kuhle umuntu os'ekulile abe nofudu lobu-
doda, ayeke ukuba igedegedana, kungati i-
ngane, it is proper for one already grown
up to put on the stern-humour (i. e. grave-
ness) of manhood, and cease being a noisy
chattering little thing as though he were a
child.

N.B. Ufudu lung'umuti wqjovela, wo-
kivenxa penis maris uti twa pakati (which
arises in certain kidney diseases).

Fuduka (s. k.), v. Get out of the way, move

. aside, as to let a person (ace. with ela,

form) pass (=deda, dedela); move away

a bit, get away or aside, as a kraal might

from its original- position = suduka.

i-m Fuduka (s.k.),n. == i-mFutumfutu.

Fudukisa fs. k.), v. Make get out of the
way, make move away a bit or aside.

Fudulula, v. Gather up or away a lot of
scattered rubbish (ace), etc. = fucuza.

FU 1

Fudululu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fudulula.
Fudumala, v. Be or become warm, as the
weather, or water; be close, as the air
in a room filled with people; be fever-
stricken, abounding in malarial disease
(connected by the Natives with the warm
sultriness of atmosphere), as some dis-
tricts along- the coast or in the bush-
country; be warmed up, as a man dis-
puting in a heated manner (gen. used
in perf.) = kudnmala.

Ex. leta amanxri afudnmeleyo, bring some
warm water.

lifudumele kakulu kuleyo'ndawo, it is very
warm i. e. prolific of fever and the like, at
that place.

Fudumalisa, v. Warm a thing (ace), make
to be warm, as a cook might water or
cold food, or a great-coat a person's
body.

Fudumeza, v. = fudumalisa.

Fudumezela, v. Steep crushed mealies
(ace.) in boiling water and leave to
stand ■ overnight, so as to be ground
finely ,-for utshwala on the morrow.

isi-Fudumezi, n. Sultriness (of atmosphere,
not room), close moist heat, such as
makes one perspire even while sitting,
as along the coast; used also of a hot
wind (even when dry, though warm or
stifling to the breath) = isi-Kudumezi,
is-Amvu, isi-Vumvu. Com p. isi-Kutu.

Fudusa, v. — fudukisa.

isi-Fufufu, n. Strong wind coming up in
violent gusts; hasty, impetuous, pas-
sionate person (see fufuzela).

Fufula,?\ Carry a heavy weight, be heavily
loaded, as a person carrying an un-
usually large burden, or a river carry-
ing down 'cart-loads' of rubbish, etc.,
when- in flood = fufuta.

isi-Fufula, n. A great carrier, one given
to carrying heavy loads; also applied to
such a river as above, a rushing torrent,
freshet.

Fufumala, v. Act with spirit, as when
boldly facing danger (C.N.).

ama-Fufununu (no sing.), n. Huge fatness
or breadth of body; person with such
body = ama-Fundululu, isi-Kukulugu,
i(li)-Bibi.

isi-Fufununu, n. Hugely fat, broad-bodied
person, taking up the room of two or-
dinary persons = i-mVubumvubu; isi-
Vunyavunya.

Fufuta (Fufutha), v. Carry a heavy weight,
as on the head or shoulder ; be heavily
loaded, as a wagon, or a small child
given more than it can carry (= tufula);

53

FU

go along in an ignorant, unknowing
manner, 'all in the dark', as a man who
goes along i|uite unacquainted with the
country In- is going through and whal
is oil ahead, or one out journeying in
search of a cow for sale not knowing
exactly where lie is making for, or a
person travelling in the dark without
seeing the path or where he is walking
= fumfuta. Com p. dukuza.

Ex. ngipika ngokufufuta nje, I contend by
going unknowingly, i. e. I simply go along,
without Knowing where I am going to.

Fufuteka (Fufutheka), v. Get taken along
'all in the dark', i.e. do a thing with-
out thought, without attention, without
knowing, as when buying the first coat
offered in a shop without examination
and afterwards discovering it to be a
deception, or a father who thoughtlessly
gives consent to a thing and afterwards
finds he has been misled. Comp. fufu-
zela.

um-Fufuto (Fufutho), n.o. Any heavy bur-
den, carried on the head or shoulders,
as a great bundle of grass or goods;
heavy load, as of a wagon — um-Fu-
mfuto; um-Funzo. Comp. um-Fuqulu;
fufuta.

isi-Fufuyana, n. Small 'torrent' (=isi-Fu-
ful.a) or freshet formed after a heavy
rain ; the ditch or place (= isi-Fotongo)
where such a freshet runs.

Fufuza, v. = futa; also fufuzela.

Fufuzeia, v. Do in a hasty, impetuous,
passionate manner; be 'hasty,' as one
quickly allowing himself to be led away
by the emotions, as of anger, eager de-
sire, etc.; also = fufuza; futa. Cp. fu-
futa.

Fuhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fuhluka; fuhln-

za; ukuti fihli.
ama-FDhlufuhlu, n. = ama-FihliHhli.

Fuhluka (s.k.),v. Get put disorderly or
untidily ; get thrown about, or down, in
a disorderly, untidy manner, as bundles
of grass about a kraal, sacks of mealies
about a store, vessels in a hut, clothes
in a cupboard, or rubbish all about a
room = fihlizeka. Comp. ukuti fitilili ;
funyazeka.

Fuhlululu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fuhluka; fu-
ll I uza; ukuti fuhlu.

i-mFuhlumfuhlu, n. Things lying in a dis-
ordered, untidy state, as clothes in a
cupboard, vessels about a hut, or rub-
bish about outside of a kraal = ama-
Fihlifihli, au/a-Fuh/uf'uhlu. Comp. ama-
Funyafunya.

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154

FU

Fuhluza, v. Put disorderly or untidily,
throw about or down in a disorderly,
untidy manner, as clothes (nee.) in a
cupboard, vessels about a hut, or rub-
bish about a kraal outside Hhliza.
Comp. funyaza.

Fukama (s.k.),v. Sit, as a hen hatching;
sit indoors (with ngendhlu)> properly
of certain Native customs requiring it
(as of a woman after childbirth 'until
the navel-string has fallen from the
child," or of a girl at her first men-
struation, or of a newly married wife
on the days following her wedding,
also when confined to the house from
sickness (gen. used in perl). Comp.
fofobala. [Ka. MZT. fugama, kneel (the
Xative custom being to kneel in a squat
manner, with the buttocks sitting on
or beside the heels); Ga. fukamiria,
kneel; Her. haama, squat; Sw. hamia,
squat].

Ex. sengiloku ngafukama ngendhlu I have
been continuously confined to the house.

Fukamela (s. k.)t v. Sit upon eggs (ace),
hatching, as a hen; sit over a person
(ace), i. e. be constantly coming down on
him, worrying him about something
• with nga), as for the payment of a debt,
or when constantly teasing him about
some old fault he may have committed
(used in perf.) (= fundekela, helesela,
fundamela, bedhla).

Fuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = fukuka;
fukula; fukuza.

i(li)-Fuku (s.k.),n. Heap, or collection in
one place, of disorderly placed grass or
dry vegetable rubbish of any kind;
hence, any untidy 'heap of grass' i.e.
thing made of grass or similar vegetable
rubbish, as a Native hut or the thatched
roof of a house with the grass all blown
about in disorder, or the 'rubbish-heap'
of a nest built by the v-Tekwane, u-Ntlo-
ii lie, etc., or an entangled mass of
climbing plants thickly covering a hush
or verandah; folds of fatty skin which
in some people fall down heavily upon
and cover the eyelid (gen. used in plur.
ama-Fuku or i-mFuku); also sometimes,
eyelid generally.

Ex. kwa'Fanela lots' efukwini, Fanela's

kraal is in a rubbish-heap — said of any
kraal overgrown with weeds, in the midst of
which til-- huts seem to sit.
i-mFuku (s. /,.), n. see i(li)-Fuku.

u(lu)-Fukufu (s. k.), n. Black ox when grey
[i. p.. with white and black spottings)
about the throat and chest. Cp. i-nGwe-

'ii.

Fuku fuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. /<:), v. = fuku-
za.

i(li)Fukufuku (s.k.),n. One who exerts
himself, is energetic, diligent at work
(comp. isi-Pekupeku); anything that goes
bobbing up and down, as a man carry-
ing heavily on his head, or the long
bundle of branches he may be carrying;
collection of anything of the nature of
an i-mFukumfuku q.v.; plur. ama-Fuku-
fuku, such i-mFukumfuku lying abun-
dantly, 'in heaps,' all about the place
( = i-mFucumfucu).

Ex. indhlu yoke is,i,mafukv.fuku, his hut
is like) disordered heaps of grass-rubbish.

Fukuka (s. k.), v. Get made to rise up,
swell up, go up with a gentle motion,
as the soil of a mole-hill when the mole
is working below, or as the tablecloth
when a kitten walks beneath it, or the
big-toe when worked up and down, or
as a mist enveloping a mountain-top
which gets lifted as the day progresses
(not the clearing away of a mist within
which one finds himself = damuka),
or as chaff from grain when thrown in
the water, or a river rising after rain,
or children growing, or a heap of hay
when turned over with a pitch-fork.

Ex. indhlu is'ifukukile lapo wacila kona
amanxi, the hut {i.e. earthen floor thereof)
is now all puffed up where you spilt the
water.

nMadhlmi sewafukuka, Madhlozi has now
grown (I. e. has got taller than he was).

ama- Fukuka (no sing; s.k.),n. Risings,
i. e. chaff, weevil-eaten skins, and the
like, that rise to the surface when grain,
beans, and such things, are thrown into
water.

Fukula (s.k.), v. Lift up, as a pot of beer,
or other heavy thing (ace.) from the
ground.; also = fukuza. Comp. paka-
ni isa; zimbula; sibukula.

Phr. ngiscuya 'leufukula ipango kwa'Bani,
I am just going to swell out my sunken
stomach at So-and-so's.

um-Fukulo (s.k.),n.o. — um-Hlandhla;
also sometimes um-Nqonqo.

i-mFukumfuku (s. k.), n. Things of a light,
loose nature (such as could be raised by
a pitchfork), as hay, droppings from
roof-thatching, clippings from a cut
hedge, imfe shippings, and similar rub-
bish, when lying about before removal.
Comp. i-mFucumfucu ; i-mFutumfutu,
i-mFUilimfihli ; i-m Fuhlumfuhlu. See
fukuza.

i-mFukumfuzi (s. k.), n. (N) =i-m Vukuzane.

FU

155

FU

Fukuza (s.k.),v. Raise i.e. make to rise
or swell up, as a heap of flattened hay
(aec) by turning it with the pitchfork
(= vokomalisa), or the dung floor <>r a
hut by pouring boiling water on it, or
as a mole the earth when working
beneath it, <>r a girl the ground grain
when 'raising' up a big heap, or as a
kitten the tablecloth when creeping
beneath it, or as a man his big-toe when
working it up and down, or as a heavy
rain causing a river to rise, or as a
man the chest or stomach when breath-
ing; give a throbbing push upward from
beneath, as a thing beneath a carpet, or
a child in the womb; also fulcuzela.
See vulcuza. [Sw. fufua, tukttza, raise].
Phr. ub'efukuxa ixinkobe, he was puffing
the chops up and down, munching boiled-
mealies.

sahamba sifukuxa ekweneni, we went along
raising up [i.e. crawling beneath) the thick
overgrowth of grass.

hade, ufukuxa ubutongo, you have been
sleeping away ever so long.
Fukuzela (s. k.), v. Go bobbing along, with
an up and down motion, as a man going
briskly when carrying a heavy load on
the head ; rake up, or make to rise, the
clouds, as the heavens (i-zulu) when a
south-wind springs up and brings to-
gether an abundance of clouds ; do ener-
getically, with spirit, or brisk diligence,
as a woman working away with a heart.
See fukuza.
u-Fukwe (s. k.), u. Lark-heeled Cuckoo
(Centropus Senegal ensis), only eaten by
old women and small boys.
Fula, v. Gather green food (i. e. food not
yet thoroughly ripe) from the fields
r for present use — its use is almost
confined to green or young mealies (ace.)
and young pumpkins. Comp. vuna.
urn- Fula, n. 5. River (cp. um-Nonjana);
eczema (so called from the watery exu-
dation during the weeping stage —
comp. um-Na; u(lu)-Twayi); a certain
tree [Skr. plu, flow ; Lat. flu-ere, to flow ;
Heh. mfula, rain; Bo. Ze. Ngu. fula,
rain; Her. o-mbura, rain; Kamb. mbua,
rain; Sw. m-fo, torrent; m-fuo, furrow
— prob. akin to i-mVula q.v. rain].

Phr. kasayikuya emfuteni (or emakaxeni),
he will no longer go out on to the veldt,
or out into the cold (the word um-Fula
being sometimes euphemistically used for
:the bush' or anywhere outside of the kraal)
= he will not now die.

P. akuko 'mfula ungahlokomi (ox unge-
Kwakali), there's no river that hasn't got a
<*ound — there's no man with a tongue that

won t use it; or there's no man that won't
make his presence known Bomehow.

Fulatela (Fulathela), v. Turn tin- back to-
wards (aec. or ku)\ turn the back on,
disregard absolutely, as a son his father
(ace. comp. bembesela); get on far
ahead, get along a greal distance, as a
man when travelling and Leaving be-
hind him a big stretch of country ; re-
treat, turn tail, as an impi running away;
retire, as an impi thai lias done its
work and is returning home. See shir
kila.

Ex. us'efulatele kakulu namhla, he is to-
day already far-away, or a good distance
from where lie started.

w'aneVukumuti qa, toamfulateUt, he no
sooner caught sight of him. than he turned
and was off.

hade wamfulatela uyise, already long ago
has lie forsaken, or had nothing to do with,
hi> father.

Phr. vnyanga is'ifulatel'ezantsi, the moon
has now turned its back towards down-coun-
trv — that is. i* in its last quarter, with
the bulge of the crescent off towards the
east = is'ipetele exantsi.

i(li)-Fulatelana (Fulathelana), n. Kind of
living insect, working much damage in
(i)nabcle fields and often seen, during
the breeding season, flying in couples
joined 'back to back.'

i(li)-Fule, w. = i(li)-Fulwa.

i-mFule, n. = i-mFulwa.

Fulela, v. Cover over, coverjin, any kind
of habitation or shelter (ace), whether
with grass, matting, skins, iron,*or what
not — it is also used of the walls of such
buildings when covered round with
grass, matting or iron, but not with
plaster (see nameka) ; cover over a per-
son (ace.) as to his faults, etc, i. e. shield
him from blame, evil consequences, etc.,
as an induna might his friend when
brought into court (comp. gqiba); cover
up, hush up a person's doings (ace),
faults, etc. (= gqiba).

Fulukuhla (s.k.),v. = folokohhi.

Fulukuhleka (s.k.),v. = folokohleka.

Fiilukuhlu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = ukuti
folokohlo.

i(li)-Fulwa, n. Green snake, with white
belly, living about rivers, and even in
water, only slightly poisonous = i(li)-
Fule.

i-mFulwa,//. Native ' sewing-bristle', used
for passing the thread in mat-making,
and consisting of a strong fibre from
an i-lala leaf; cord-like creeping plant

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FU

156

FU

lOphioeaulon gummifera) used as an
i-ii Tclezi.

isi-Fulwane, ». Certain plant something
like ilio i-mFulwa.

Fuma. v. Be clouded over, as the sky,
with one grey sheet of clouds, as during
a settled land-rain (used in perl'.).

um-Fuma, n. .'>. Calabash, generally, of any
size, for keeping fat to be used in
anointing the body, or smearing izi-
dwaba (comp. um-Gqwaku) [Her. otyi-
tyuma. vessel].

Fumana, v. = funyana.
i(li)-Fumanankundhleni (s./r.), n. = i(li)-Fu-
nyanisanankundhleni.

Fumanisa, v. = funyanisa.

Fumba (Fumbha), v. Pour or throw on,
forth or at, mass-wise, bodily, in large
quantity — used in a very broad sense,
as when throwing out bodily the water
(ace.) contained in a bucket, when throw-
ing a rolled-up blanket or bundle of
clothing (with nga) at a person (ace.),
when sowing grain (ace.) extravagantly
in a field (cp. hwaya), when piling any
thing and every thing in the way of
wood upon a fire to make it big, when
turning out the whole lot of calves at
once to their mothers at milk-time =
ukuti fu. [Lat. cumulo, I heap together;
Her. fumba, heap up; Ga. fuka, pour:
Sw. fungu, heap].

Ex. ngisaya 'kumfumba ngamauxi, I am
just going off to administer him a water-
clyster.
u-Fumba (Fumbha)] />. Black-bellied P>us-
tard (Lissotis melanog aster).

isi-Fumbanqoko (Fumbhanqoko), n. Round
shouldered, dwarfish person.

Fumbata (Fumbhatha), v. Close the hand
(ace.) fist-wise (used in pert", fumbete);
close the hand upon i.e. hold in the closed-
hand, as one might a thing (ace.) to be
guessed at (used in perf.) [Sw. fumbata,
close the fist; Bo. fumhutia; Her. nyu-
td\. Comp. i-mFumbe.

i-mFumbe (Fumbhe), n. Thing held in the
closed hand to be guessed at; hence,
riddle ; any secret, affair confided to one
to be kept quiet (comp. isi-Fuba, i-mFi-
hlo)\ certain kind of edible mushroom
of the knob-headed or unexpanding kind;
any kind of mushroom while young
and with the pileus still ball-shaped;
large kind of wood-louse (— i-mFinyezi)
[Bo. fumba, handful; ku-fumba, to speak
in parables; Sw. fumbo, riddle].

Fumbeka (Fumbheka), v. Get poured or
thrown down, etc., bodily, in a mass.

Phr. wadimde wafumbeka ex/i/nqwabeni, he

just fell down in a heap, bodily — as when
shot through the head.

Fumbela (Fumbhela), v. Pour or throw
down, on or at, mass-wi'se, all-together,
on one place ; hence, pour or throw in a
heap together, as when piling wood (ace.)
upon a fire, or throwing down potatoes
in a heap.

isi-Fumbu (Fumbhu),n. Hump on the back
of a person (not cattle = i(li)-Lunda),
curvature of the spine ; such a hump-
backed person = i-nQorrolo. [Sw. fu-
mba, hump].

• Phr. isifumbu sibelete umntwaua ong'e-
hlikiyo, the hunchback carries a child that
never gets down.

FCimfu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fumfusa.

um-Furnfu.M..?. = u-Mfumfu.

i-mFumfu, n. Hushed-up affair just be-
ginning to leak out or get known
abroad ; any matter talked of between
two persons in such a manner that those
who overhear shall not understand, or
only obtain a remote idea of the subject
of conversation. See fumfusela.

Fumfusa, v. Just emerge or come forth
into view, as a seedling-plant just peep-
ing above ground, buds just coming
forth on the trees in spring (—mfoma),
a nail or needle just appearing on the
other side of the thing it pierces, or an
affair just beginning to be heard abroad ;
make just emerge, just put forth, as
trees their tiny buds (ace.) in spring, or
the veldt putting forth new grass after
the old has been burnt off = ukuti
fumfu.

Fumfusela, ?>. Talk of a matter in such a
manner that those who overhear shall
not understand what is being talked
about. See i-mFumfu.

Fumfuta (Fumfutha),v. Smell at (with an
audible sniffling of the nose — cp. nuka;
sezelu), as at meat (ace.) to see whether
it be fresh, or at a vessel in the dark
to see whether it be the one required;
smell for, as a cat smelling after a mouse
(ace.) or dog after a buck; smell out,
trace smelling, as a dog tracing down a
buck (ace), or one man successfully
searching for another; also = fufuta.

Ex. ungifumfute ngani? how ever did you
smell me out, i.e. discover me?

um-Fumfuto (Fumfutho), n. 5. = um-Fufu-
to.

i(li)-Fumuka (s.k.),n. Very new beer, i.e.
only just strained, or only partially fer-
mented. Comp. isi-Laza, isi-Tshodo.

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157

FU

P. ukufa kudhla ifumuka; kudhla isitsho-
do, death drinks up both the new beer and
the stale, /. e. takes off both young and old
alike. See i(li)-Kaba.

Fumuta (Fumutha), v. Eat any tiling (ace.)
with the mouth stuffed chock-full, so
that only the sniffling through the nose
is heard = fumuza, mumuta.

i-mFumuta (Fumutha), n. A coming down
on one at a disadvantage, not giving
him a chance to move only used now-
adays in following phrase:

uku-mu-dhla imfumuta (umuntu), to take

a person (ace.) at a disadvantage so as to do
him some harm, as when striking a child
because it's mother is away, or when attack-
ing a man because he is without weapon
or alone, or when defrauding a person on
account of his ignorance of how to manage
a transaction.

Fumuza, v. = fumuta.

Funa, adv. ^ Lest. .mmm

Ex. uy'esaBa funa abida/rr, he is afraid
lest he get killed.

imgayitusi, [una ibaleke, don't startle it
(the buck), lest it run away.

Funa, v. Want or require, as a workman re-
quiring a certain tool (ace.) for a par-
ticular work, or a boy wanting a certain
wage ; seek or search for (in any manner,
as with hand or eyes - see cinga), as
when searching for a stray sheep (ace),
or for a particular article amidst a box
of clothes (=kivataza). Comp. ntula,
swela.

Funda (Fuunda), v. Put into the mouth, in
with it, as food (ace.) --of any kind ex-
cept liquids, as beer and water [Kag.
funda, mouth].

Funda, v. Learn (generally); more particu-
larly, assemble in the kraal of a bride or
bridegroom, as do the boys and girls
who are to take part in the wedding-
dance a few days previously, in order
to learn new dance-songs or rehearse
old ones which the bride and bride-
groom propose to have performed by
their respective parties on that occasion ;
hence, go to school, or mission-class;
learn at school ; read, as from a book
[Sw. ji-funza, fundishwa, learn].

Ex. kakukafundwu, the dance-rehearsal
has not yet taken place.

kuyafundica nanihla ka'Bani, they are re-
hearsing the dance-songs (for a wedding) at
So-and-so's to-day i. e. the wedding is in a
day or two's time.

X.B. There is an interesting resemblance
between this Zulu custom and the work of
the mission-school. When a wedding is at

hand, the bride and bridegroom arrange a
dance-programme, each for his or her own
party. Although it used to be customary
for the party of the bride to repeat mainly
old and well-known songs, the bridegroom
generally preferred, for his own party, some-
thing entirely new and peculiar to this oc-
casion. For this purpose he would secure
the good services of some professional 'com-
poser' (i-nOqambi), of whom each district
could boast of one or two. No fee was
charged for the service. A few days imme-
diately before the wedding, the uku-funda
or dance-rehearsal would lie announced
among the surrounding kraals. The bride,
or bridegroom, would lead their parties
through all the old dances, but the ingqambi
would atteud in order to initiate them iu
the new composition. His method was to
sing the piece through several times alone.
after which one by one the smarter of the
young men or girls would pick up the air
and join in with him ; and eventually the
whole class. Strict discipline was maintained
by the ingqambi during the teaching, and
anyone, even men or women, who was so
unwise as to laugh, promptly received a
paiuful reminder, or was ignominiously ex-
pelled from the hut. The second step in the
composer's method was for him to go through
the actual dance, in person and alone, before
the class. This was the stage when the
maintenance of order and self-restraint was
particularly irksome to the class; for it very
frequently happened that our dusky com-
poser utterly failed to make the wording
suit his motions. On such occasions, he
had to seek the aid of another professional,
an i-nDabuli, i. p. cutter-up, who 'arranged'
the words to the different leg aud arm
movements This satisfactorily mastered -
although often enough the efforts of both
ingqambi and indabuli only resolved them-
selves into a screeching farce — the more
imitative of the young people would join in
with their teachers; and so gradually the
whole houseful. This process of learning or
rehearsal was called uku-funda \ and the
composer was said to uku-fundisa. i.e. make
to learn, or teach.
im-Funda (Fuunda), n. Piece of flat, grassy,
meadow-like land generally alongside
a river or between hill-slopes, and of a
dry soil, and liked for mealie-gardens.
Cp. isi-Hlambo.

Phr. uku-dhla 'mfunda 'mbili njenge-
mboma, to eat on both sides of the river
like a hippopotamus— said of a young-man
who claims the cattle of several huts, or
child who eats first in one hut. then goes
and eats in another.

isi-Funda, n. Piece of country, or district,

FU

plated by the supreme authority under
controtof a headman, i-duna, magistrate,

and the like; sometimes used of the
people of such district, as to distinguish
them from those of another [Sw. fungu,
district].

um-Funda, n. ■>. One of the people of any
isi-Funda; hence, a common or subject
person i.r. not one of the higher or
ruling classes, a country-dweller who
.lias no direct social connection with the
chief ( owas'emapandhleni); (C. X.)
kind, sort (= um-Kuba; u(lu)-Hlobo).

Ex. yotiJce imifundana lena ka'Majiya, all
these rubbishy subjects (or people) of Majiya.

Fundama, /■. Collect or gather together
on one place, as a snake when coiling
itself up, or cattle standing together for
the midday-rest (C.N.) see butisa;

i-mBude.

i-inFundamakwelo (Fundamakhwelo), n.
Species of small aquatic beetle com-
monly seen darting about on the surface

of stagnant water, and which, when ap-
plied to the tongue of a small boy, gives
it a sharp bite, and from henceforth he
is able to whistle! — i-nTlaba makwclo.

Fundamela, /\ — fundekela.

i-mFundamo, //. (G. X.) = i-nTlufn.

Fundekela (s. k.), r. Bother, torment, as a
girl's people when they constantly wor-
ry her (ace.) to get married, boys when
teasing one of their comrades (ace.)
about some fault he may have made, or
one man another when continually pres-
sing him for payment of a debt. Comp.
belesela.

um-Fundi, v. 1. Learner, scholar; disciple
(M).

Fundisa, v. Teach see funda [Sw. fu-

ndisha\.

um-Fundisi, n. 1. Missionary ; teacher, of
any kind (M).

isi-Fundo, n. Lesson (M).

u(lu)-Fundo (Fuundo), n. = u(lu)-Findo.

Funduluka (g. k.), v. Come or go in con-
stant succession, as wagon after wagon
along a road (— tapuluka; comp. ukuti
nfsenenr): (C.N.) go out again, as the
cattle in the afternoon after the uku-
ii ,, tin ma q. v.

i(li)-Fundululo, h. (X) = i(li)-Fundululu.

i(li)-Fundululu (also used in plur. ama-
Fundululu), n. Rankling ill-feeling in
one's heart against another person, ma-
lice (— is-Abongo); pi. ama-Fundululu,
immense fatness, hugeness of body (=
ama-Fufununu).

158 FU

Ex. angina' mafundulu&u huge, 1 have no
malice against him.

Funela, >>. Seek for another (ace.) i. c
provide for him the necessities of life.

Ex. kafundica 'muntu, uyazdfunela nje, be
is provided tor by nobody; he just look-
after himself.

Funga, v. Swear i.e. take an oath; swear
by, as by one's chief (ace.) [Skr. yu,
bind; Lat. jiis, law; Sw. ji-funga, give
one's word].

Ex. wafimg'amunga (<>r wafungel'amanga),

he swore falsely, he swore to what was not
true.

wafunga, wagabela, he swore positively.

N.B. The Native custom is to swear by
oue or other of the words of uku-bina q, v.
that is, to swear one would do something
abominably wrong, if he he not speaking the
truth. Thus, if one man says a thing which
another seems to doubt, he may follow up
his statement by adding Ngifunga udade
wetu (I swear by my sister) ! or Ngihulule
imfibinga yenkosi 'I would strip off the
imfibinga heads of the king)! the real mean-
ing being that, if I be not speaking truly,
I would commit iucest with my sister, or
I would take off the bead-ornament from
one of the kind's daughters and coolly strip
off the heads thereof (the imfibinga or amber-
coloured bead being Mpaude's favourite),
which, of course,, would be deemed a capital
offence. See fungisela.
Fungisa, v. Cause one to swear, administer
the oath to one (ace), as in court.

Fungisela, v. Swear at one (ace.) i.e. take
an oath on another's account in order
to cause him to swear the truth.

X.B. If a man says something offensive
to another, or which is quite incredible to
him, this latter may retort by some kind of
uku-bina word e. g. kiroba kuenxa abakwe-
kaxi! (it will be your wife's mothers that
will do it! — never you!); or if it be wo-
men, the one may express her disbelief in
the statement by saying to the other, kicoba
kivenza unyokoxala! (it will be your father-
in-law, not you. that will do it!). The per-
son 'swearing' in Ithis way is said to fungi-
sela the other (see fun'ja). Upon the utter-
ance of such an oath, this latter, highly of-
fended, will usually take up his stick and
leave the hut at once. Should it, however,
be afterwards proved that he spoke the
truth, the person who fungisela' A is in hou-
oar bound to make him some amende in
the shape of some small gift.

Funisa, v. Help one (ace.) to look for
something (ace); sell, or buy, used
idiomatically as below (comp. tenga).

FU

1

Ex. ngiyufunisa ngenkomaxi yami, I am
helping (people) to wanl or desire by this
my cow — that is, am hawking it about 01
proclaiming its sale before them = I am
selling my cow, or 1 want someone to buy
my cow.

ngifunisa imali ngenkomaxi yami, 1 am
wanting money and causing (others to want)
by this my cow = I am selling my cow for
moil y, or I am wanting money in exchange
for my cow.

ngifunisa uniuntu onembuvi ngemvu ya-
mi, I am causing a person with a goat to
want or desire by this my sheep — I want
a man with a goal to buy my sheep, or 1
want to sell my sheep to one with a goat.
Funisela, v. Try for by searching in a
random, chance kind of way, as when a
man, hearing at night an uproar in his
Kafir-hut, enters, and seeing nothing in
the dark, -lets fly with his stick in all
and every direction hoping thereby to
chance upon somebody; or when, by
making enquiries among a lot of child-
ren, he hopes to chance upon the one
who has been guilty of a theft ; buy, or
sell, on behalf of another (used idio-
matically as below - - see above funisa).

Ex. teas'engena umlungu, wafu/nisela nge-
nduku, then the whiteman entered and
struck about (tor chance whacks | with his
stick.

ngimfunisela it Musi nut imali ngembuxt
ijake, I am looking tor money for Masimu
for this goat of his, or I am selling Masi-
mu's goat for him lor money.

um-Funkulu (s.k.),n.5. = um-Hlandhla;
also sometimes — um-Nqonqo.

isi-Funuku (s.k.),n. Certain parasitical
plant.

Funya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = funyaza; fu-
vyazeka.

ama-Funyafunya, n. Things (properly soft
goods) placed in a disorderly, untidy
fashion, as blankets just thrown down
in a hut, clothes in a cupboard all pull-
ed about, mats put away unrolled, or
bundles of corn roughly and loosely
hound. Coinp. ama-Fihlifihli, i-inFu-
hlumfuhlv.

Funyana, v. Find i. e. come across, meet
with (not get or obtain = tola), as a
r person's bat (ace.) on the floor, or a
knife on the path; come up with, come
upon, overtake, as one person another
(ace.) when journeying = funyanisa
[Her. muna, find; MZT. jana].

Ex. ngimfunyene dele, I fouud him asleep.
ngafunyana \uhuti akuso yena, T found
that it was he.

59 FU

Funyanisa, v. funyana.

i(li)-Funyanisanankundhleni (s. k.),n. Our

who was horn very s i after another,

almost of the same age or irntanga as
be, whom, on arrival, he found already
on the scene.

Funyaza, v. Place anything, of the nature
of soft-goods, in a disorderly, untidy
manner, as blankets (ace.), when just
throwing them down in the hut. clothes
when pulling them about in a cupboard,
mats when putting them away unrolled,
or bundles of amabele when pulling
them carelessly about. Comp. fuhluza,
fihliza, mfonyoza.

Funyazeka (s.k.),v. Get placed disorderly,
untidily, as above. Comp. fuhluka, fi-
hlika.

Funza, /<. Feed, by putting the food into
the mouth (not by force = xaka), as a
mother her child (ace), or a hen-bird her
young ( cp. nkwanyisa) ; put into one's
mouth, as one man reminding another
(ace), or prompting him, in a speech;
make to take, thrust upon one (ace),
as a thing (ace.) not after one's taste
[Sw. funza, teach].

Ex. amaxwi wawafunxwa ny'uwe, he was
supplied, or prompted, with words by you.
Phr. uku-funxwa esihlatini, to be made
take a thing one doesn't want, as when one
has had a blanket bought for him by ano-
ther, and which he is now compelled to take
although it is not according to his fancy.
Comp. xi-tika.

uku-xi-funxa esihlatini, to take for oneself
a thing one didn't care for — by reason of
some particular circumstance

Funzela, v. = funzelela.

Funzelela, v. Put into one by constant sug-
gestion or prompting, as a person (ace.)
to buy or choose any certain article, or
a girl that she take a particular young-
man. Comp. hlafunela; nikesa.

Ex. ngiyayifunxelela umfana ka'Mangwa-

na, I am suggesting to her Mangwana's son.

uku-xi-funxekla, make or bring oneself to

do anything disliked, as any necessary but

unpleasant work.

um-Funzo, n. 5. = um-Fufuto.
Fupi (Fuphi), adj. Short, as a string, per-
son, etc. — this word is now rarely used,
although it may probably have been
(and not fusha) the original of the di-
minutive form fushane [Sw. fupi, short;
Her. supi; Ga. impi\.

Ex. itambo eUfupi, the short hour - the
technical name for the humerus or bone of
upper-arm and femur or bone of the upper-
leg. Comp. u-Oalo.

FU

160

FU

imfupi le'ntambo, this string is short.

Fuqa, v. Be put out, vexed, out of temper
(gen. used with intliziyo as nom., not
person himself) (= ukuti fuqu, fuquza);
put down anything (ace.) hastily {whe-
ther angrily or not), as when one puts
down a thing in a pet, or as a servant
might do when suddenly called by his
master, or a man throwing down his
hat or burden when arriving home dead-
tired ( ukuti fuqa).

Ex. intliziyo yami iyafuqa, 1 am put out

because of something that has happened
or just been said to me.

Fuqa, ukuti (ukutJii), v. = fuqa (in second

sense).
Fuqela, v. lie out of temper towards, or

by reason of, as above.

Fuqisa, v. Put one (ace.) out, make him
vexed, put him out of temper, as above.

Fuqu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = fuquka; fuquza,

fuqa.
Fuquka (s.k.),v. Get put out, or out of a

temper (usually used of one's heart or

intliziyo).

um-Fuqulu, u. 5. Large bundle of any-
thing for carrying on the head or shoul-
ders (only used of things packed bale-
fashion, not in lengths as grass is
usually done) = um-Qiqingo. Comp.
um-Fufuto.

Fuquza, v. Be put out, out of temper, as
one's heart or intliziyo = ukuti fuqu,
fuqa.

Fusa, v. Smoke a thing (ace.) i. e. saturate
it with smoke till thoroughly discolour-
ed, as a wooden spoon, or piece of
meat hung up in a hut; smoke out, as
a newly-dug tnealie-pit by making a fire
in it 'to drive out the earthy smell,
otherwise the mealies would not do well';
discolour a person, as by giving him a
black-eye or bruise. Cp. futa, fufuza.
fSw. fuka, smoke (neut.)].

i(li)-Fusakazi (s.k.),n. Cow that has lost
its calf, by abortion or death (cp. um-
Lazelakazi) ; young marriageable widow
(= i(li)-Cakazi).

um-Fusamvu, n. 5. Tree in the bush-coun-
fcry (Piffi>sj)orum viridiflorum) whose
ark is used as emetic and enema for
levers.

i(li)-Fusazana (no plur.), n. Crushed-mea-
lie paste cooked in boiling water in
rounded lumps or dumplings.

i(li)-Fusela, n. ~ i(li)-Fusi.

Fusha, adj. = fushane, fisha.

Fushane, adj. Short, in any sense; a short

distance /. e. rather near (adjectivally) =
fishane [sec, fi/pi].

Ex. kufushane nakona, it is not tar from
there.

Phr. intlixiyo yake imfushane, his heart,
or appetite, is short = he is quick-temper-
ed; or, his appetite ,is very small, has little
desire for food; or, his stomach is inclined
to vomit, as when one is faintish.

i(li)-Fusi, n. Cultivated land lying fallow;
used of a field no longer ploughed, as
worked out, or from the owner having
removed, etc.; discoloured patch or
mark on the skin, where a burn or old
sore has been (= isi-Bashu, i(li)-Fuse-
la); small piece of tender meat adjoin-
ing the paunch in cattle.

i-mFusi (Fuusi), n. Child born at birth
next following that at which twins were
born. See i(li)-Wele.

Futa (Futha), v. Blow strongly (infrans.)
as the wind (= 'fufuza; comp. pepeta;
vunguza; kivishiza); blow, blow on or
at, as a man at his fingers (ace.) when
he has burnt them (= fufuza,),; blow
up, as a bladder (ace.) ; spit at a person
(ace), as a spitting-snake; blow upon,
puff upon or 'smoke', as smoke does
the eyes (ace.) of a person when sitting
in it, or any food-stuff standing long in
it (= fufuza); get, into a passion with
a person (ace), address with violent
speech ; throb painfully, as a wound, or
as the thorn in it (= fufuza, tshutshu-
mba; cp. qaqamba, kenketa) [Skr. vd,
blow; Gr. phuo, I blow; Lat. flo, I
blow ; Ga. fua, blow ; Sw. vunia, blow ;
mi-fuo, bellows].

Ex. uBani ufutwe imfexi for ivulu), So-
and-so has I been spit upon by an imfexi-
snake (or struck— not killed— by lightning).

ukudhla kw'onakala nyokufutwa intutu, the
food was spoilt by getting smoked (with
smoke).

ama-Futa (Futha; no sing.), n. Fat, liquid
or solid, animal or vegetable — - hence,
extracted animal fat, grease, ointment,
butter, olive-oil, and the like (but not
the fat or white of meat— see i(li)-Noni,
i-Nyama emhlope — although sometimes
incorrectly applied thereto in conver-
sation with white-people) [Sw. mafuta,
fat; Bo. niavuta; Ny. maguta].

u(lu)-Futa, Futo, or Futu (Futha, etc.),n.
Stench, such as arises from putrefying
animal matter = u(lu)-Bofu, isi-Boshi;
cp. is-Antungwana; um-Vundela; isi-
Kapane. [Lat. jmteo, I am rotten ; Goth.
fulSfAouX; Sw. uvundu, stench; Ga. vu-
mbi — see vunda].

FU

isi-Futane (Futhane), n. Ailment of infants,
accompanied by markedly quick breath-
ing, perhaps from fever.

Futanisa (Futhanisa), ». Suffocate, smother,
stifle a person (ace), as by holding the
hand over his mouth and nose, by co-
vering him thickly with blankets, or as
smoke or gas = kutanisa, qumbelanisa.
Comp. futelana.

Futanisela (Futhanisela), v. Do anything
with a 'straining' effort >. e. exert one-
y self over, make a strenuous effort.

Ex. safutanisela, saxa safi/ca emLalaxi,

we strained ourselves, till we reached the
Umlalazi-

asifutcmisele kulc'mlimu <seleyo} let us
make au effort, or exert ourselves, with this
remaining patch (to get it finished).

Futata, ukuti (Futhatha, ukuthi), v. Alight
/. e. come down on one's feet, on to
the level, on to the bottom, etc., as a
spider upon reaching the floor from the
ceiling, a man coming down on to the
plain from a hill, or a person arriving
at length at any spot after a journey.

i-mFute (Futhe), n. A breaking out in a
passion, or sudden outburst of rage.

Ex. wadimde wangitatela ngemfute, he just
set at me in a passion.

Futeka (Ftdheka), v. Get blown up, or
broken out, into a passion or sudden
outburst of rage, as when momentarily
exasperated.

Ex. isitsha wasibulala efutekile, she hroke
the pot while in a pet or passion.

Futela (Futhela), v. Address a person (ace.)
violently, in a sudden outburst of pas-
sion ; rage at ; throb painfully for a per-
son (ace), as an abscess, or thorn in the
flesh. See futa.

Ex. ngifutelwe itumba, 1 am throbbed for
by an abscess.

unyaico luyangifutela, my foot is paining
me (with a throbbing pain).

Futelana (Futhelana), v. Be or get suffoc-
ated, smothered, or stifled, as when the
mouth and nose are held closed, or
from being completely covered up in
blankets or from smoke or gas = kute-
lana, qumbelana. Comp. futanisa.

Futi (Futhi), adv. Again, once more; also,
too ; besides, moreover, furthermore
[Skr. tu, multiply; Ga. ati, again].

Futi (Fuuthi), adv. Perpetually; inces-
santly; over and over again, time after
time; used idiomatically, in conjunction
with verbal noun as below.

Ex. ade eVenza futi, she being continually,
perpetually making it (been.

161 FU

I'hr. wafa (at wafela) umfela wafuti, he
died never to live again.

wabulawa or wabulawela wmbulawela wa-
futi, he was killed never to rise again.

w'ermika (or w'emukela) ummukela wafu-
ti, he went away for good and all. See
ama-Muko.

Futifuti (Futhifuthi), adv. Very frequently,
constantly.

i(li)-Futo (Futho), n. Young green mealies
boiled in the cob = i(li)-Futu.

i-mFuto (Futho), n. Large quantity, 'heaps',
abundance, as of grass for thatching,
corn when harvested, rubbish lying
about, cattle, etc. (= i-mFutumfutu) ;
Native blacksmith's bellows made of
goat, sheep or calf-skin (= isi-Futo, um-
Futo); small sack made of skin, as be-
fore, for carrying a doctor's medicines,
food, etc. (= i-nGqalati) [Sw. mfuko,
bag; mifuo, bellows; Bo. mivua, bellows;
Her. ekutu, woven bag].

isi-Futo (Futho), n. Native bellows=i-raFw-
to, um-Futo.

um-Futo (Futho), n. 5. Native blacksmith's
bellows made of goat, sheep or calf-skin
(often used in plur. imi or im-Futo,
= i-mFuto, isi-Futo); small sack made
of skin, as before, for carrying a doc-
tor's medicines, food, etc. = i-mFuto,
i-nTlanti, i-nGqalati) ; hard breathing
through the nose, as when asleep, of
man or beast (sometimes used in plur.
imi-Futo) ; name applied also to Native
money-belts as sold in the stores [Sw.
mfuko, bag ; mifuo, bellows ; Bo. mivua,
bellows; Her. ekutu, woven bag].

u(lu)-Futo (Futo), n. = u(tu)-Futa.

Fijtu, ukuti (Futhu, ukuthi), v. Do any-
thing only in a slight, imperfect degree,
'only half', 'just slightly', as when
warming water (ace.) just taking the
chill off, when only half-cooking food, or
partially washing a garment, or slightly
covering a hut with thatch. Cp. ukuti
gabavu; fafaldza.

Ex. uti lapo etc futa (ukutukutela), waye-
ha, when he was just getting warm (with
auger), he stopped.

Futu, ukuti (Futhu, ukuthi), v. Come to-
gether, or bring together, or 'heap' to-
gether in large quantity, or large num-
bers = futuza, futuzela.

i(li)-Futu (Futhu), n. The i-nTsonyama of
the um-Qoliso = i(li)-Gqumu\ also =
i(li)-Futo.

i-mFutu (Futhu), n. = i-iuFutumfutu.

u(lu)-Futu (Futhu), n. = u(li/)-Futa.

Futu futu. ukuti (Futhu futhu, ukuthi), v.

11

FU

162

FU

Just do off slightly or a little, quickly,
without much care, as when asking a
person to quickly rub up a little snuff
for one or make a little food. Cp. uku-
ti futu.
i(li)-Futufutu (Futhufuthu), n. Good worker
i. e. one who generally brings together a
larger pile than others. Cp. i(li)-Fitifiti.

isi-Futufutu (Futhufuthu), n. Sudden stuffy
heat passing over the body, as from the
reaction after some sudden emotion or
shock = ubu-Futufutu.

ubu-Futufutu (Futhufuthu), n. — isi-Futu-
futu.

i(li)-Futululu (Futhululu), n. Smallish heap,
as of grass, Kafir-corn, or clothes. Cp.
i-Nqwaba.

i-mFutumfutu (Futhu/ufuthu), n. A great
quantity, or large number, abundance,
'heaps', 'lots', as of rubbish or other
goods lying abundantly all about (comp.
ama-Fihlifihli, i-mFtikumfuku), a great
•pile' of work, as grass or ground-corn,
already done, a large number of cattle
ir other slock = i-mFutuza, im-Futo,
i-m Fuduka, i-iuFutu.

Futuza (Futhuza), v. Bring together abun-
dantly or largely, 'lots of, 'pile up',
'heap about as an industrious girl
-rinding a great heap of corn, or shell-
ing a great heap of mealies, or a man
cutting thatching-grass in considerable
quantity, or the heavens (izulu) when
'piling up' great masses of cloud from
the south, or as children bringing in or
throwing about 'lots of rubbish, imfe-
strippings, and the like = ukuti futu.
See i-mFutumfutu.

i-m Futuza (Futhuza), n. = i-mFutumfutu.

Futuzela (Futhuzela), v. Come together in
crowds, throng together, as large num-
bers of people coming in to a dance
from all directions (comp. ukuti ntsene-
np)\ 'pile up' the clouds or heavy mists,
as the sky, when making for rain; or
wrath, as an angry man getting into a
j t "at rage; come over warm or 'close',
aa the body after a sudden fright or
exertion (see isi-Futufutu).

Fuya, v. Possess, own, first-class property
of any kind (not small, separate articles),
as cattle (ace.) or other stock, tenants
or dependants, wagons, land, etc.; keep,
have as one's property, as a boy a pet-
goat (in all cases commonly used in
pert', fuye or fuyile) [Sw. fug a, dome-
sticate; Ro. fuma, possess].

Ex. ufuyiU lo'mlungu, this whiteman is a
man of property, has large possessions, stock,
etc.

um'enxe njani unoyivaja? Syimfuyile,
what have you done with the rabbit ? I am
keeping it.

le'ngulube ifuyiwe, akusiyo eyas'endhle, this
pig is possessed (by somebody) i.e. is a do-
mestic pig, it is not one from the veldt i. e.
a wild one.

ama-Fuyafu (no sing. — reduplicated form
of ama-Fu),n. Clouds and clouds, used
of the sky and of a heavily bearing corn-
field.

Ex. amabele, y'ini? amafuyafu! is it corn,
you say? just rolling clouds of it!

Fuyisa, v. Make come into possession of
property, enrich; give to keep, as one
might his child (ace.) some pet animal.

Ex. nyiyakum fuyisa umfana wami le'mbv-
xana. I shall make my boy possess this little
goat i. e. shall give it to him as his posses-
sion.

i-mFuyo (collect.), n. First-class property
of any kind, possessions, wealth.

Fuza, v. Resemble, be like (physically, of
persons), as one person another (ace.)
in appearance, voice, manner, gait, etc.
(with nya); strip a hut (ace.) of thatch
(ace), as a strong wind might, or when
renovating the interior framework, or
as cattle rubbing against it; also =ukuti
fu.

u(lu)-Fuza, n. Supposed peculiarity pos-
sessed by certain animals of passing on
their physical characteristics to human
beings whose mothers might have eaten
them, that is to say, a girl who might
eat a guinea-fowl would reproduce child-
ren with a long flat head, one who
might eat a hare would have long-eared
children, one who might eat a swallow
would have children who couldn't even
make a decent nest i. e. hut for them-
selves, etc. See isi-Sila; fuzisa.

i-mFuzane, n. Small veldt-plant whose
large bulbous root is used as a clyster
for stomach-complaints and as an imbi-
za for scrofula.

Fuzisa, v. Cause to resemble, or possess
the power of an u(lu)-Fuza, as certain
animals. See u(lu)-Fuza.

u(lu)-Fuzo, n. Resemblance, as of one per-
son to another, physically, or in man-
ner, etc.; patch of grey hairs growing,
as a freak of nature, on the head of an
infant. See elekezela.

Ex. unofuxo luka'yise Iwamadhlebe, he
takes after his father, with his great big ears.

Fuzula, v. Thrust or burst a thing through,
as when an ox (nom.) thrusts or bursts
the kraal-fence (ace.) through (not 'bursts

FU

through the kraal-fence', which would
be fohla), or a man breaking a hut (ace.)
through from the inside, or a man
thrusting or bursting a crowd of people
(ace.) through by forcing his way ar-
bitrarily among them ; thrust violently
aside, as a rough character might a per-
son (ace.) blocking his passage; thrust
oneself into or among, as when entering
a hut forcibly or uninvited ; brush rough-

63 GA

ly against one (ace), brush aside, with
one's long flying coat or blanket (with
nga). Coinp. shiqelekela.

Ex, ixirikomo tipilca ngokufuxidana, the
cattle manage the thing by just bursting
through or thrusting one another aside (wheu
the herd is entering the cattle-fold).

wangifuxula ngengubu, he brushed me a-
side with his blanket.
Fuzulela, v. = fuzuhi.

G.

1 -|- in Zulu has but one sound, always hard
^-^ and slightly aspirated, somewhat resemb-
ling the sound in the English word 'gherkin',
though in Zulu always more forcibly express-
ed thau in English. The sign //, marking
aspiratiou, lias, however, not been introduced
into the Zulu orthography as superfluous, there
being no other sound of this letter known in
the Zulu language except that described above.
The combinations Gc, Oq and Qx will be
found described under the letters C, Q and
X respectively.

Ga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gale.

isi-Ga, n. = is-Aga.

umu-Ga, n. 5. Long, gaping cut or gash;
long open scratch, as by a wild-beast
(seldom used). See ukuti ga.

Gaba, v. Put one's reliance on, confidence
^, in, as a shield to cover one's actions or
as a means for doing something, lawful
or unlawful, as a man covering all man-
ner of doings by the prestige of his
position (with nga) or putting his trust
in his gun before which the hunted
beast is powerless ; hence sometimes,
to take advantage, or undue liberty
on account of, shield oneself behind, as a
whiteman taking undue advantage or
liberty by reason of (with nga) his su-
perior power when dealing with Na-
tives, or a person making unrestricted
use of a permission once given (= ga-
baza); threaten, as the sky (izulu) with
rain (ngemvula); make hole after hole
in a row or line with the hoe, as when
marking out the boundary of a field,
or when planting potatoes (comp. ukiv-
ala); plant in such a way (not by scat-
tering the seed), as potatoes (comp. tu-
kuza).

Ex. abehtngu bagaba ngesibamu sabo, the
whitepeople confide in their gun (to do with
us just as they like).

ingenue iyagaba ngonina, the child takes
advantage of its mother (being present) —
to act in such an impudent way.

ngiyitenge nj<: (infeomo), ngigaba ngemali
yomfana, I have just bought it (the beast),
on the hope of, or shielding myself behind,
my boy's money (which is on the way).

Gaba (Gabha), v. Wash out the stomach
of bile, etc., by an emetic (a very com-
mon practice of Natives when 'seedy'
with fever or general bodily derange-
ment) = palaza; cp. hlanza.

i(li)-Gaba, n. = l(li)-Gatsha.

i(li)-Gaba (Gaabha), n. Bottle [fr. Natal J.

i-nGaba, n. = i-nGatsha.

isi-Gaba, n. Section, or portion divided off
from the whole, as of a regiment, a field,
contents of a book, a sleeping-mat, girl's
beadwork girdle, etc. ; — hence, troop,
detachment, division, column, chapter,
paragraph, verse, etc.

Phr. kus'exzgabeni, it is in the lower part
of the royal kraal, below the fence parti-
tioning off the upper part or isi-godhlo ; in
this part of the kraal lived the multitude of
attendants, menials, etc , of all descriptions.
See isi-Godldo.

u(lu)-Gaba, n. Top section of the stalk of
mabele, mealie, or imfe plant, above the
last joint and upon which the ear or
flowertuft stands — might also be used
for any stalk supporting a flower, etc. ;
neck, or narrow entrance into a grain-
pit.

Gadabela, v. Take boldly upon oneself
some undue right, act presumptuously,
as when talking insolently to one's elder
(with ku), taking too much liberty of
action, etc. — the word is now obsolete.
Ex. wagabadela inkiindhla yakira'Buh-
wayo, he usurped or arrogated to himself
the court-yard of the Bulawayo kraal — said
in the praises of Dingane who, after killing
Shaka, took possession of the royal-kraal (or
throne) himself.

i(li)-Gabadi, or Gabade, n. = i(li)-Gade.

u-Gabalazana, n. Long slug (C. N.).

11*

GA

u-Gabana or Gabane, n. Kind of amabele
having short stalk and long ear.

Gabangula, v. = kabangula.

u(lu)-Gabashane, //. = u-Gabana.

Gabava, v. Do anything half wise, just half;
be or get half way through it (ace.) =
gamanxa, uhuti gabavu.

Ex. sebeyigabavile indhlu, they have already
half built the hut.

w'ema egabavite emnyango, he stood half
way through the doorway i.e. with his head
and_ shoulders outside and his body within.

Gabavu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Do anything
half-wise, just half: be or get half way j
through it, as a hut (ace.) when half-way
through with the building of it, or a
person standing half-way through a door
(= gabava, ukuti gamanxa)', do any- j
thing 'just for a moment', as when
doing a little work for a short time, or
visiting a friend for a few minutes' stay |
(comp. fafalaza); be just upon doing
something, just on the point of doing,
have scarcely done, as when one gets
suddenly brought up in the midst of an
action (comp. ukuti gaga, ukuti qikili);
bound lightly along, as a buck; go at
an easy gallop, canter, as a horse.

Ex. ngasengimbona ete gabaru emnyango,
1 then saw him standing half out of the
doorway.

ngati nyisati gabavu ka'Ndabambi, ngaxd-
bona, I had scarcely got to Ndabambi's,
when I saw them (the cattle).

ngiyakvti gabavu, ngibuye, I shall only
stay for a moment, and then return.

isi-Gabavu, n. Person with broad protu-
berant breast, but not conspicuously
retiring belly (comp. isi-Gaga); (C.N.)
an attempt at a thing, then leaving it or
giving up.

Gabavu la, v. = ukuti gabavu, gadabula,
gadavula.

Gabavuleka, v. Make an effort, attempt(C.N.).

Gabaza, v. Shield one's actions by, place
one's confidence or reliance in (as in
one's high position, superior strength,
white skin, possession of a permit, or
effective weapon - with nga of thing)
to do as one likes with others (ela form
and ace.) ; hence, take excessive liberties
with, make free with, take undue ad-
vantage of, as of an old man, an ignor-
ant Kafir, or an unarmed stranger (with
ela form and ace.) by reason of some
advantage possessed = gaba.

Ex, uyagabaxa ngako nje, ngoba ebona
ukuti angisena'madolo, he takes advantage,
takes *uch liberties on that account, because

164 GA

he sees 1 have no longer knee* (or legs to
run after him ).

i(li)-Gabaza, n. Person who is too 'free'
in his manner or speech, fating unfair
advantage of, assuming excessive libertj-
or license in regard to others, as a child
given to playing jokes on any mildly
disposed or helpless person; pi. ama-
Gabaza, such liberties taken, action or
talk excessively free or bold. Comp.
i(li)-Dhlaba; i(li)-Pompo.

Gabe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do anything in
large quantity, heap-wise, as when cook-
ing, giving, making a fire, paying up
lobola cattle in a lot at once (— gabela,
ukuti dhlabe, ukuti ntla) ; do in a thor-
oughly confident, positive, determined
manner, as when affirming (= gabela,
gamela) ; cut or cut open with a gash,
slit, or long even cut, as when making
slits across the middle of a shield (ace),
when cutting open a man's head or a
log of wood with a hatchet, etc. (= ga-
bela; cp. ukuti menqe).

i(li)-Gabe, n. Anything done heap-wise, in
large single quantity, as a great heaped-
up fire, a whole beast cooked at one
cooking, the whole lot of lobola cattle
paid up at once.

Ex. kunti uampeke igabe? do you then
cook them (the mealies j all off at once?

babase igabe, they have lit a whole heap
of firewood at once i. e. have piled up a
huge fire.

isi-Gabe,??. (C.N.) — i(li)-Gawu.

Gabela, v. = ukuti gabe; gaba.

Ex. washo wagabela he asserted positively,
in a determined manner.

amabele ba/capeka, bawagabela, they cooked
off the whole lot of amabele at a go.

ungigabele ngofakaxi wake, he is self-con-
fident over me, i. e. feels quite sure of getting
the better of me, by reason of his witness.

i(li), or um-Gabelo, n. 5. One of the strips
of skin interlaced lengthwise into the
slits cut down the middle of a shield.

Gabisa, v. Be filled with self-confidence
or self-conceit towards a person (ace.
with ela form), pride oneself over him,
show off or take advantage over him
by reason of (with nga) some circum-
stance, of a better weapon, more power-
ful support, or other advantage he
doesn't possess. Cp. dhlelezela .

Ex. uloku tmgigabisela ngenduku, you are
all along 'cocking' it over me with your
stick — as though I don't know how to use
one; I'll just show you in a minute.

i-nGabungabu (Gabhungabhu), n. Food of

GA 165

a very thin, watery, insipid nature, as
watery porridge, 'watered' beer, etc. =
i-n Gabuza, am a- Gadule.

i-nGabuza (Gabhuza), >/. i-nGabungabu.

Gada, v. Drink vigorously in a ravenous,
S greedy manner, as water (ace.) or beer;
leap or move wildly about inside of
some narrow enclosure, as a mouse in
a pail of water, or an i-nGadane in a
woman's stomach.

Ex. amaiui ngiuafumanise egada isele,
I found a frog jumping about in the water
I in the pail).

u hi untu. afunyanise kugada tnjoma/ne, a
person fiods (in a battle with the Whiteman)
horses running wildly all round and about
the spot.

P. igade idiniwe, it drinks deeply when
it is tired out — said of a person returning
to his old love, coming back to what he
had previously forsaken through finding
things worse on ahead — he has had enough
of running about and will now come to a
stand
isi-Gada, n. (C. N.) = i-nGadane; piece
of spar or white quartz, used medici-
nally for the i-nGadane disease (N).

i-nGada, n. = i-nGadane; also (N) a low,
poor whiteman [prob. from Xo. in- Ga-
da, wild cat].

u(lu)-Gada, n. = u(lu)-Gadanqunu.

i-nGadabana, n. = i-Ngungumbane.

Gadabula, v. Run along swiftly in great
leaps, bound along, as a buck or dog;
hence, run along swiftly, in general
sense; cover quickly a great distance,
simply bound over the country (ace),
as a traveller, or a woman hoeing quick-
ly = gabavula, gadavula, gadula, qa-
bavula. See gijima.

i-nGadane, n. Mass or lump of clotted
blood formed in the female womb,
through some plvysical or constitutional
derangement, or imperfect removal of
the after-birth, etc., and generally attri-
buted by the Zulus to some charm ;
hence, sometimes equivalent to inflam-
mation of the womb, puerperal fever, etc.
N.B. The 'ball' of clots is said to roll or
leap about (gada, gadabula) in the female's
stomach, causing her to throw herself about
on all sides with pain (probably caused by
serious inflammation, puerperal fever, etc.).
The disease has been contracted by the pa-
tient having somewhere inadvertently 'step-
ped over' (ukweqa) a fireplace where Native
doctors have recently been roasting a certain
kind of lizard {i-Zikn lemBulu) in the pre-
paration of their medicines!

u(lu)-Gadanqunu, n. Term of derision (lit.

GA

one who runs about naked) applied to
Basuto-Kafirs by the Natives of Natal,
from their habit of wearing a close-
fitting loin-cloth and so appearing to u<>
naked (C.N.).

Gadavula, v. = gadabula.
u-Gade, n. Anything built of sods, as a
heap, wall, or hut.

Ex. Una i/geidla s'aka ugade, we up-coun-
try build a sod-structure (e.g. as cattle-fold).

i(li)-Gade, n. Clod, lump of earth such as
may be cut out by one stroke of the
hoe = i(li)-Gabadi. Cp. isi-Sinde.

u-Gadenzima, n. Heavy, black soil.

Gadhla, v. Make a strike (not necessarily
with effect) at anything (ace. with ela
form), as when fighting or aiming a
blow at a dangerous animal ; throw
oneself as a girl does, at a young-man
(with leu), when she suddenly turns up
of her own account (though of course
with her lover's approval) in his kraal
for purposes of sexual intercourse (a
recognised Native custom - - see hlobo-
nga) ; do this thing (metaphorically),
as a father would, by means of his
daughter, whom he would force to go
off in this way to some young man
(cp. galela).

Ex. intombi igadhlile ka'Bani the girl
has come (or gone) on a surreptitious visit
to So-and-so (this will be with the object of
indulging in sexual intercourse and will take
place several times, at night-time, during
the courting days of young lovers, previous
to, but not after, the lobola being paid).

uBani ugadhliwe (or gadhlelwe) intombi,
So-and-so has received a surreptitious visit
(as above) from a girl.

ngiyakugadhla ngawe ku'Bani, I shall deal
a blow at So-and-so by means of you, i. c.
will make you go off and thrust yourself
upon him — as a father might say when
threatening his daughter.

isi-Gadhlaba, n. Person of big, robust,
stoutly-built body.

Gadhlela, v. object, form of gadhla; (N)
dance the i-nDhlamu dance, as intro-
duced from Natal.

isi-Gadi, n. Stunted, deformed, unsound
or irregularly grown plant, whether of
mealies, Kafir-corn or imfe, and gener-
ally bearing nothing, as when the
grub has got into it and impeded its
normal growth; shortish, stunted per-
son, even when of perfect bulk.

u-Gadigadi,w. = i(li)-Shoshi.

i(li)-Gadu, n. = i(U)-Qina.

Gadula, v. = gadabula.

GA

i-nGadula, n. A quick walker or runner;
also = i-?nPisi (mostly used by women).

ama-Gadule (no sing.), n. — i-nGabunga-
bu.

Ga ga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Spring along,
get along smartly, when walking or
running.

Gaga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. See, or open the
eyes upon, a thing (ace. or with pezu)
suddenly, alight upon suddenly with the
eyes (the word indicates the first mo-
ment of opening the eyes on a thing, of
the first moment of an unexpected vis-
ion of anything). Cp. ukuti yabaou;
ukuti qikili.

Ex. ngite ngisati qamn pex/ulu (entabe/ii),
ngati gaga pex/u kwomuntu, I had no soouer
appeared at the top (of the hill) than my
eyes alighted on a man.

ngati ngisati gaga emngango, wangishaya
ngenduku, 1 had scarcely given -a- look at
the doorway (upon creeping out), when he
dealt me a blow with a stick.

Kwa'Gaga, n. Name given to any unfenced
kraal, merely huts standing in the open.

i(li)-Gaga_ (Gaaga), n. = u(lu)-Gaga; pi.
ama-Gaga, all bones, merely a skeleton,
applied as adjective to a very emaciated
person.

Ex. umfana ka'Bani seku amagagana,
So-and-so's boy is now a dried-up carcase,
or skeleton — from the chest-bones con-
spicuously showing through emaciation. Cp.
ama-Palo.

ama-Gaga (no sing.),n. A spirited doing;
hence, a single dash, on-rush, spirt, etc.,
as of an army making a charge, a party
hoeing with a sudden outburst of
energy, etc.

Ex. amagaga ago (impi) aba matatu, its
charges, or meetings in conflict (of the army),
were three.

isi-Gaga, n. Person with very prominent
chest and drawn-in belly = isi-Ktvece.
Comp. isi-Gabavu.

u(lu)-Gaga (Gaaga), n. Thorax or upper
half of the dead body of any animal,
remaining after the lower or abdominal
part has decayed or been removed — the
word being applied both to the dried-up
remains of a carcase or even the clean-
stripped skeleton, as well as to the whole
upper half of an animal which lias been
killed and divided by two hunters (=
i(li)-Gaga); an i-mBiza of a tall large
kind; certain bird, Cape Chat-thrush
( Cossyp h a Calf r a ) .

Gagada, /-. = gangada.

Gagadeka f.<t. k.), v. — gangadeka.

166 GA

isi-Gagadu, n. Blazing-hot sun i.e. intense
heat of the same (= isi-Gonogono, isi-
Ngengenge; comp. isi-Vuvu); very hard
dry soil, whether naturally or from
being baked up by the sun.

Ex. libalele isigagadu, it (the Bun) is
scorching hot.

i-nGagalu, n. Pink Bustard (Heterotetrax
vigorsi). Cp. i(li)-Seme.

Gagamela, v. Come across by chance, or
see unexpectedly (with ace, or ku, or
pezu), as one might an old friend in
Durban, or a stranger in the forest (=
ukuti gaga)', behave (whether by man-
ners or speech) in a bold, brazen-faced,
impudent way, as a girl when free and
easy with a stranger in the kraal, or
talking openly on matters of delicacy
(= ukwenza amaGangangozi).

ama-Gagana (no sing.), n. Ribs and shoul-
der-bones when projecting conspicuously
through emaciation. See i(li)-Gaga. Cp.
ama-Palo.

u(lu)-Gagane, n. Small thorn-tree of the
mimosa kind.

isi-Gagasholo, n. = isi-Gaga.

Gagata (Gagatha), v. = gangada.

Gagateka (Gagatheka), v. = gangadeka.

Gagaza, v. = ukuti gaga.

i(li)-Gagu, n. Bold, forward, shame-less
person, in a good or bad sense, as a
bold singer or dancer, a pert brazenfaced
girl, a smart apt boy at learning, a per-
son not ashamed of making firm pro-
mises to your face while knowing he
will never perform them.

P. indhlu yegagu iganeta, the hut of the
bold talker (who never does anything) lets
in the rain, *. e. even his own shelter he
won't repair, much less then do for anybody
else.

i-nGagu,w. Conceited boldness, or self-
assurance of being able to do anything
or overcome some difficulty, where the
more prudent show fear.

Ex. aba/ana baka'Faku bamqede ingayu
namhlanje, Faku's boys have put an end to
his conceited boldness to-day — he coming
bravely up, quite confident of giving them
a thrashing, whereas they quickly sent him
off considerably humbled.

u(lu)-Gagu, n. Bush, whose sticks were
used for fencing the isigodhlo and for
giving light in the huts at night.

ubu-Gagu, n. Bold forwardness, shame-
lessness, or sharpness, as above — see
i- Gagu.

Gagula, v. Talk in a bold, brazenfaced,
disrespectful manner to any person

GA 167

(ace.) or of any delicate matter (ace),
as a child might when calling his father
by his name, or a girl talking boldly of
some matter of shame. Cp. gazula.

GSju, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gancu.

Gajuka (s. k.), v. = gancuka.

Gala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Open out yawn-
ingly or staringly, as a female the pu-
denda when sitting indecently, or a
staring child the eyes (the word is rarely
used in this latter connection owing to
the commoner preceding use); be glar-
ing or blazing hot, as the sun = ukuti
golo.

Ex. wox'ungifumane ngi/yite gala! you
will come across me some-day with it dis-
tended widely! — a word of threatening
abuse to a man, from the custom of the
womeu commiting this indecency inten-
tionally when wishing to insult a man in
the most exasperating manner.

u, or isi-Galagala, n. Vagina t'eminae
maxitne distenta and implying exces-
sive sexual intercourse; such a female
herself — the word constitutes the most
disgraceful insult one can apply to a
girl = isi-Hobo, um-Moho, isi-Habuza.
See ukuti gala.

N.B. To fling spittle at a girl, whether
by hand or mouth, is equivalent to insult-
ing her by this term. In former times a
girl so abused would clear her honour by
assembling her girl-compauions and going
in force with them to the kraal of the
slanderer, who if prudent, would make him
or herself scarce, as the girls on this oc-
casion were permitted by custom a very
free hand. Everything in the abuser's hut
would be destroyed, and finally any one of
his cattle killed there and then, the gall
and stomach being taken by the girl for j
anointing herself with and so cleanse away
the aspersion.

Galakaju, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. (N) = uku-
ti gancu.

u(lu)-Galashane,w. Person with thin scrag- !
gy legs.

i-nGalati (Galathi), n. That portion of the
navel-string left attached to the body of
an infant at birth. Cp. i-nKaba; u(lu)-
Fokoti.

Ex. ngimuxwa ngengalati, I perceive him
by (my) navel, *. e. that he is a blood-rela-
tion of mine — said by a woman to a strange
child whom she discovers to be a relation.

N.B. Native women declare or imagine
that they can instinctively detect blood-
relationship by navel sensations.

Galatsha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. — ukuti
lekence.

GA

i-nGalawana, n. Tug (T).

Galaza or Galazela, v. = ukuti gala.

Gale, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take a long spring-
ing step over or down from anything,
spring over or down with one foot first,
as over a ditch (ace. or loc.) or down
from a box; spring, leap or skip along,
as a man running with long springing
jerks, or a buck going lightly over the
veldt; spring along i.e. get along brisk-
ly, whether walking or running; start
away on any work (with infin.), as danc-
ing/ mat-making, etc.; strike forcibly
and abruptly up against, as a pick when
striking a hard rock, or a man's head
when he collides with a post; strike
or deal a blow on any hard substance
(ace), as a rock with a pick or a man's
head with a stick; strike upon i. e.
eome suddenly upon with the eyes, sud-
denly perceive, as one might any object
or unexpected stranger (with nga of
thing); do largely or abundantly or in
powerful degree (= ukuti gar ra); hence,
make up a great blazing fire (ace.) ; pile
up the firewood (ace.) largely when mak-
ing such fire; be great and powerful,
as such a large fire itself; be blazing
hot, as the sun on a summer day (=
ukuti ho); make yawn or open broadly,
as a female the pudenda (ace.) when
acting indecently (vulg. = ukuti gala)
= ukuti ga.

Ex. nyati uyisati ukupuma, ngasengiti
gale ngomunlu emi ngapandkle, I was jusl
going out (of the hut), when 1 was arrested
by seeing {i.e. suddenly observed) a person
standing outside.

Galela, v. Strike a heavy blow on any-
thing hard (ace), as with a pick on a
rock or with a stick on a man's head ;
marry off a daughter (with uga) by
'throwing her violently' at some young- */
man (with ku) i. e. against her will, as
a father might with his child (cp. ga-
dhla).

Ex. wangigalela ngomntanake, he threw
his child at me, thrust her forcibly on me
i.e. made, her run off to come and marry
me without any desire of mine.

ngiyakugalela ngawe leu' Sibanibani, I shall
deai a blow with you at So-and-so, shall
thrust you on him — a threat <>\ a father
to a refractory daughter.

Galeleka (s.k.),v. Arrive at, reach (with

loc); get struck, as above.
Galeza, v. = ukuti gale.
u-Galo, n. Fore-arm, or lower fore-leg, of

man or beast = u(lu)-Gah> [Mpo. o-

golu, leg].

GA

Ex. ugalo tcomlenze, or uyalo womkono,
the lower part of the leg or arm.

itauibn lika'galo, or logalo, the shin-bone,

or both tibia and fibula (if of the leg), or
the radius or "///(/, or both (if of the arm).

i-nGalo, n. Arm (whole =um-Kono) ; skill,
dexterity (mostly u(lu)-Galo); power,
might (used in certain connections only
=am-Andhla) [Mor. dimaro; Sw. e«-Aa-
rto, sinew; nguvtc, strength].

Ex. ngakuluma ixwana, was'enyikwela nge-
iujalu, or ngamandhla, I spoke one little
word, when he wns down upon me with
force las though he wanted to fight).
isi-Galo,/?. Bracelet (N); pi. izi-Galo, sinews,
or brawniness, as of a powerful arm.
[Xo. isi-galo, brawny arm ; Sw. a-kano,
sinew].

Ex. uBaiti unexigcUo, So-and-so has a
powerful arm, such as could deal a smash-
ing blow.

u(lu)-Gaio, ;?. Lower fore-leg, or fore-arm,
of man or beast ; either, or both together,
of the double-bones of those parts (=:
u-Galo); dexterity, skill, able manage-
ment (gen. used in sing.; but in plur.
when referring to the skilful practices
of a doctor = i-nGalo, i(li)-Ko?w).

uNobani unogaio Iwotshwala, Iwenhymo,
etc. Mr- So-and-so knows properly how to
make beer, to manage or breed cattle, etc.

leyo'nyanga inexingalo, that doctor is very
clever or skilful.

isi-Galolwane, n. Constitutional weakness
of wrist, rendering a woman incapable
of grinding; bad quality of grinding
stone causing such weakness of the
wrist.

u-Galonci, n. Broad-shouldered person,
gen. with smaller lower limbs; (C.N.)
small edible gourd, having smooth or
warted shell (= i-mFolozi).

i(li)-Gama, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Gamu.

um-Gama, n. (C.N.) = um-Gamu.

Gamanxa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do anything
half-wise, just half, be or get half-way
through it, as a hut (ace.) when about
half through the building of it, or a per-
son standing half-way through a door-
way i.e. with body inside and head and
-boulders out (= ukuti gabavu, gabava,
gamanxa)', ukuti or ukutana gamanxa, he
well into an affair (with na), knowing or
understanding it, not superficially, but
with some depth or intimacy, though
not necessarily entirely or thoroughly ;
be well in with a person (with na), i. e.
be well acquainted with him, his ways
and thoughts, though not necessarily
deeply intimate in a friendly sens<-.

168 GA

Ex. selite gamanxa (igaba), it (the bottle)
is now half-wise, i. e. half-full.

ngati ngisate gamanxa ukukuluma, while
I was still iu the middle of my speech.

awu! sesitene gamanxa nay kal.ulu. O!

I understand him very well. ;un well ac-
quainted with him.

Gamanxa, v. Do anything (ace.) half-wise,
partly, as any work or action = ukuti
gamanxa, gabava.

i(li)-Gamanxa, n. Any half-and-half kind
of person or thing, as a person hand-
some of face and body but with ugly
lower limbs.

i(li)-Gamanxandukwana (s.k.),n. Little silly
thing that can't yet hold a stick — applied
to a small boy who finds his fighting
stick too heavy to hold in the orthodox
fashion near the end and therefore holds
it far up near the middle ; hence, applied
to any boy or young man who, from
lack of physical or mental vitality, falls
behind the average standard, hence,
j'outh of a soft, stupid, unmanly, ner-
vous nature, who would instinctively
take his place behind the others in any
action requiring a display of the manly
qualities.

Gamanxisa, v. Cause to do half- wise, part-
ly, as a person a bottle (ace.) by only
pouring in such a quantity of liquid =
ukuti gamanxa.

Gamata (Gamatha), v. (C. N.) = hlon. for
gamanxa.

Gamatela (Gamathela), v. = gomotela.

isi-Gameko (s.k.),n. Word or statement
one sticks fast to, a repeatedly reiterated
assertion; small cultivated patch of land
(= isi-Fe).

Ex. isigameko sake leso, that is the matter
he is always trotting out, harping on.

Gamela or Gamelela, v. Be positive, firm,
in earnest about, as when asserting,
taking an oath, denying, etc. (used ad-
verbially along with another verb, not
alone) = gomela.

Ex. upikile, ivagdmela, he denied it abso-
lutely.

u-Gamfe or Gamfemfe, n. = u-Qadolo.
Gamfu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gampu.

u(lu)-Gamfu, n. Anything having a big
bulky body at each end and tightly
drawn up into small narrow compass at
the middle, as a sack of mealies with
a rope drawn tightly round the centre ;
hence, any similar person or thing, as
wasp, or female of bulky body and very
small waist (one with a small waist and
small slender body would be isi-Ga-

GA 1

mfwana) = u-Sikihli, u(lu)-Zucu. Cp.
u(lu)-Nyiki.

i(li)-Gamgedhlela, n. Natal Carbineer (N).
Cp. i(li)-Lenje.

u-Gampokwe (s.p.; s.k.), n. White cotton-
blanket [perhaps t'r. Eng. cambric; cp.
Bo. hamba, cotton; Sw. Ga. pamba,
cotton].

Gampu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. Do i.e. di-
vide, cut, mark, etc., across the middle,
as when cutting a thing (ace.) in two,
a string binding round the middle of a
sack dividing it into two portions, a
stripe of colour passing across the
middle of a thing; give a person (ace.)
a stroke 'across' the body with a stick,
shambok, etc gampuna, gampula.

Gampula or Gampuna (s.p.), v. = ukuti
gampu.

Gamu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cut through any-
thing (ace.) with a stroke from some
sharp instrument, as when lopping off
a small branch with a hatchet, or cutting
through a string with a knife ; cut
across, as a person passing through a
field (ace), a boundary-line passing over
a hill-top, or a woman's isidwaba, when
hanging low across the buttocks; cut
off, cut short, as a flow of blood, or,
one's talk = gamula; be cuttingly i. e.
exceedingly sharp or strong, as anything
very bitter, sour, salty, acid (used ad-
verbially with babn, etc. = ukuti ha)
= ukuti nqamu.

Ex. uBi/ui uinubi gamu, So-and-so is hor-
ribly, hideously ugly = uyababu uie ha.

i(li)-Gamu, n. Name, of person or thing;
single item of speech, as a letter, word,
order, or statement (= i(li)-Ztvi in last
three cases) ; Native song (i. e. its word-
ing; air = i-nDhlela) ; notability, noto-
riety (= i-nDuu/e/a); lump of flesh be-
tween the end ribs and the buttocks
[Skr. nama, name; cams, sing; Lat. can-
ere, to sing; fa/ma, fame; Gr. gramma,
mark; Ar. samma, to name; Itum. tag-
wa, name; Sum. igina; Ma. engarina;
Sw.ji-na; Her. e-na; Ga. li-nya; Kamb.
dzi-twa. Com p. i-nGoma].

Ex. ubani wena, igamu lako? who are
you, your name? = what is your name?

isi-Gamu (Gaamu), n. Piece chopped,
docked, or cut off; hence, applied to
anything cut unduly short, stumpy, as
a stick, or person = isi-Nqamu.

um-Gamu (Gaamu), n.5. Interval of space,
i. e. distance, as between one kraal and
another (an umgamu might represent
a distance of, say, a twenty minutes'
walk); interval of time (say, of an hour

69

GA

or two's duration); excrements passed
in dry separate lumps, as of a consti-
pated man, goat, etc. (see i(li)-Dede,
um-Godo, um-Pulu).
Gamugamula, v. Cut about erratically, all
over the place, in one's talk, not talking
to the point as evidently not knowing
anything about it; slash about, cut about
at a person (ace.) indiscriminately, as
with an assegai or stick

uiuhi.

nqamunqa-

Gamuka (s.k.), v. Come to a stop, cease,
as work, or noise; get cut off, brought
to an end, as a flow of blood, or food
supply nqamuka.

Gamula, v. ukuti gamu, nqamula; freq.
used for gawula.

isi-Gamunga, n. Any big, bulky lump of
a thing, as a large sweet-potato, or du-
uihi, or a very fat child; anything, as
food, formed in great lumps, like isi-
Baqanga.

Gana, v. Marry, or take a husband, as a
girl (only used of females' = enda; cp.
gcagca) ; pass. Ganwa, be get or married
or taken as a husband, as a man (only
used of males in pass -- see zeka) [Gr.
gameo, I marry; gennao, I give birth;
Ar. gauwiz, to marry; gawaz, a mar-
riage; Sw. unganika, get united; Ga.
yunga, join].

Ex. intombi iganile umfana fca'Bani (or

iganite kuge), the girl has married So-and-
so's son.

indoda iganiue y'intombi fca'Bani, the
man is, or has got, married to So-and-so's
daughter.

Phr. ungafiki ugane lcona, don't go and
marry there i. e. stay or loiter. See nula.

i-nGana or Gane, ?t. See i-Ngane.

Gancu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gancuka.

Gancuka ($. k.J, v. Spring, leap, bound,
throw the body with a jerk from place
to place, as a monkey
bough of a tree, or a
obstacle on its path,
springing up at a rope
bita.

Ganda, v. Pound, in any of its senses, as
the earthen-floor of a hut (ace.) to make
it hard, a shield (ace.) to make it supple,
hence also a person or beast (ace.) by
beating him or it with sticks^or pound-
ing with stones ( = gxoba) all over the
body; stamp, as with the foot on the
around; stamp or walk heavily, as a
clumsy person over a floor; also used
for, to lay a floor of European kind of
boards (with nga), cement, or stone (=
gandaya, gangada) |Skr. han, strike;

front
doe

or an

bough
over

to
some
acrobat
Cp. eqa; ngqi-

GA

170

GA

MZT. in-ganda, hut; Sw. gonga, beat;
ponda, pound; Her. tonda, pound
akin to kanda (q.v.), am-Andhla (q.v.),
is-Ando (q.v.)].

Phr. Ugande nesinyama, it (the i-xufu) is
stamping or roaring along with :i black
storm or oycloue; said also of a man in :i
furious rage.

Gandaya, v. Lay a floor of any kind in a
hut (ace), etc., as with pounded ant-heap
(with nga), or (by compar.) cement,
boards, etc. = gangada, ganda.

Gande, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fcace.

u(lu)-Gando, u. Kind of assegai having a
long thin iron headed but a very tiny
blade (perhaps of only two inches); per-
son with very thin legs or 'shanks.'

Gandu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Wield or drive
away with great spirit or energy, as a
smith swinging away with the hammer
at a red-hot iron, a woman letting fly
the hoe spiritedly when working at her
field, or (by comparison) people pitch-
ing into a dance with much energetic
action of arms and feet = ganduza.

Ganduza, v. = ukuti gandu.

um-nGane, //. /. — see um-Ngane.

i-nGane, //. ■- see i-Ngane.

Ganga, v. Do petty wrong, naughty things,
mischievous tricks, as is habitual with
children, and used even of the petty
wrong-doings of adults; be naughty,
mischievous, given to playing- tricks, as
before (used in perf.) [A. S. gamen,
sport; Sw. dang any a, play tricks; Her.
omvsngandyo, trick, fun].

Ex. kanti ugangile h'muntu, so then he
is up to tricks, up to mischief, is this fellow!

i(li)-Ganga (Gaanga), n. Small round top-
ped hill or hillock, knoll (= isi-Ganga,
i(li)-Gquma, i(li)-Dunia, isi-Duma); pi.
ama-Ganga, ardent passionateness of
heart, whether of intense desire or heat
<>) anger, as when a child has a strong
longing to go anywhere, or a man to
fight it out with an adversary [Ar. gd-
bdl, hill; Her. oka-vanda, low flat hill;
Her. ganga, stone].

Ex. at'ittfafike Jcona, "/>< engase'maganga,
he gets there and is no longer of passionate
desire — his first ardour or fervour is gone.
Cp. ama-Dhlingo8i.

isi-Ganga (Gaanga), n. = i(li)-Ganga.

i-nGanga (Gaanga) -- no plur.), n. Kind
of small white ant, used as bait in bird-
traps (= i-nCombo; cp. umu-Hlwa);
small mound of earth or ant-heap made
by the same and used as fuel by Na-
tives i-nGqulwane.

um -Ganga (Gaanga), n. 5. Earth heaped
up, a mound, as alongside a mealie-pit
when digging it out, or just outside a
hut-door to keep the rain from running
in (— isi-Duma); piece of cartilaginous
flesh growing over the breast-bone of
cattle, sheep, etc. and regarded as a very
dainty morsel (= i-nQirra).

u(lu)-Ganga, n. Water boiled with a little
ground amabele, which water is after-
wards used for the making of utshivala—
the preliminary boiling with a sprinkling
of meal being supposed to take the bitter-
ness off the water, making it sweet, and
the beer good; anything quite dried or
parched up, wdthout any sign of mois-
ture left, as mealie-grains, soil, a dead
tree, dry snuff, etc.

Gangada, v. Dry up stiffly, parch, as the
sun a skin (ace.) = gangata, gagada;
also = gandaya. [Sw. kauka, to get
dry ; Ga. kala ; Her. kata, kukuta, dry
up].

Gangadeka (s. k.), v. Get dried up, baked
up, parched, as a skin by the sun, or
person's mouth wrhen travelling thirsty
in the sun (= gangateka) ; be thirsty,
be burning with desire, as a person de-
siring snuff (used in perf.) (= qaleka,
qabateka) [see gangada].

i-nGangakazane (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Qaqa.

Gangalaza, v. Do or take off at a single
stroke, as a buck (ace), or an umtaka-
ti a person he is doing away with
(= ukuti pobo, ukuti shwambakaqa) ;
begin, start, set off, as a new field (ace.)
or kraal for oneself, or a dance; begin
or set off a person (ace.) to fight, pro-
voke to quarrel (== qala).

Ex. ngiyakuyan(jala7Ai ngendhlu yakwa'Ngo-
ut, I shall start off (in shifting my kraal) with
Ngoza's hut.

Gangalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gangalaza.

Gangaleka (s. k.), v. Feel faint, be over-
come with faintness, as a weak person
in a close room or from fatigue on the
march (not fall in a faint = quleka)
[Her. koka, feel faint].

u(lu)-Gangampuza (s.p.), n. Certain small
shrub, bark used as fibre.

i(li)-Gangangozi (mostly in plur.), n. Bold,
brazen-faced, impudent conduct or
speech; person given to such conduct
(= onamagangangozi).

Gangata (Gang at ha), v. = gangada.
Gangateka (Gangatheka), v. — gangadeka.
i-nGangazane, n. (C. N.) = i(li)-Qaqa.
u(lu)-Gange, n. Outer-fence of a kraal. Cp.
ii(lu)-Tango.

£

GA 1

isi-Gangi, n. One given to naughty tricks,
mischief, and the like. See ganga.

i-nGangomfula, n. — See i-Ngangomfula.

um-Gani, n. .5. (C.N.) = um-Ganu.

Ganisa, v. Cause to marry, as a father his
daughter (aec.) ; help to marry, as a fa-
ther his daughter, by arranging the
wedding for her; help through the mar-
riage-ceremony or wedding-feast, as one
girl might another girl-friend (ace), by
accompanying her as one of the bridal
party to the dance.

Ganisela, v. Cause to marry to, give in
marriage to, as a father might his
daughter (ace.) to a young-man (with
ku) ; cause to marry for, i, e. arrange
the wedding for or permit it to come
off, as a father might for a young-man
(doub. ace).

Ex. uganisele umntanake ku'msutu, ho
has given his child {i.e. daughter) in mar-
riage to a Basuto.

nyiyaniseleni bo! make marry (your girl)
for me! i. c. permit her wedding to come off.

um-Gano, n. 5. Bullock which, along with
an i-tole, usually accompanies the isi-
Godo on the wedding of a girl — word
now seldom used .

isi-Gantsha (s. t.), n. Feeling of disgust or
repugnance occasioned by eating certain
rich foods to the full (— isi-Gantsha-
g ants ha, isi-Gaxa); such rich food itself;
young man or girl for some physical
or other reason repulsive, always soon
getting disliked by the other sex.

Ex. intlixiyo yami isHnesiyantshagantsha,

my heart (i. c. stomach) has now a feeling
of dislike or disgust (of food).

i(li)-Ganu (Gaanu),n. Fruit of the um-Ga-
nu tree.

um-Ganu (Gaanu),n.5. Certain wild fruit-
tree (Sclerocarya caffra), whose wood is
used for pot and tray carving, the bark
being good for tanning, and from whose
fruit an intoxicating drink is made.

u-Ganuganu, n. One who makes ano-
ther's mouth water with desire but does
not give him, a tan tali zer.

Ganuka (s. k.), v. Desire vehemently a
thing (ace. with ela form) or a person
(in a lustful sense) = kanuka.

ama-Ganuka (s. k.), n. Urethral (not semi-
nal) discharge, caused by sensual excite-
ment or desire = ama-Ja. Cp. i(li)-Zi-
buko; a ma-Lota.

Ganukisa (s. k.), v. Cause to desire vehe-
mently, or to lust sensually ; tantalise,
as by enticing sights = kanukisa.

Ganunga, v. (C.N.) = ganuka.

GA
ama-Ganunga, n. (C. N.) = ama-Ganuka.
Ganya, />. Out-do decisively, get the better
of another (ace.) in dispute or dealings.

Ganzinga, v. Roast mealie-grains, etc., dry
in the pot or on the pot-lid; bake, or
fry, as meat (ace.) placed dry in a pot
or on the pot-lid = kanzinga, tshweleza
[Sw. kaanga, fry; Bo. kazinga, fry;
Her. kangura, bake].

um-Ganrra, n. 5. Koodoo (Antelope strep-
siceros); young man generally disliked
by the girls (see isi-Gantsha), so called
from the koodoo being one of those
animals repugnant to and not eaten by
girls = um-Garra.

Gaqa, v. Creep on hands and knees (nga-
madolo = kasa, huquzela); (C.N.) also
qata.

Phr. ii Bant ujexile, uijayaqn, So-aud-so
has been severely reprimanded (by the chief),
he is going on his knees = is afraid to go
upright, from nervousness or shame.

i(li)-Gaqa, n. Assegai, generally, but more
especially the war-assegai or i(li)-Rrwa.

Phr. kwahlangana iyiqa, it was a fierce,
close conflict, with assegais everywhere.

u(lu)-Gaqa, n. = u(lu)-Gaqasi.

u(lu)-Gaqasi, n. Any long, slender thing,

as a monkey's tail, long stick, or tall

thin man = u(lu)-Gaqa.

Gaqazela, v. = gaqa.

Garra, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do a thing large-
ly, abundantly, 'properly' or in high-
est degree, as when making up a big
blazing fire (ace), or the sun when unu-
sually, 'broilingly' hot (= ukuti goto-
divane, etc.), or a man when swearing
very positively.

Ex. wasiti garra ngokamba, be did for us

properly with a (great) pot (of beer).

um-Garra, n. 5. = um-Ganrrn.

Gasela, o. Be bent upon, i.e. come or go
anywhere about any particular person
(ace) or thing, as when calling on a per-
son about a business matter (= babu-
la); be bent upon having, be persistently
after a person (ace), as when the mind
is made up to fight with him; make for,
any particular place (loe) = qonda.

u-Gatigati (s.f.),?i. = i(li)-Shosh).

i(li)-Gatsha (s. t), n. Small branch, twig-
branch, of a tree = i(li)-Gaba. Cp.
i(li)-Hlamvu; i(li)-Hlahla.

i-nGatsha (s. t.), n. Large or trunk branch,
large bough, of a tree = i-nGaba [Her.
o-ndavi; Sen. tshi-kazi; Reg. mu-sangi;
Ga. tabi; Sw. fmri].

Gava, v. Exaggerate an affair, make more

GA

of it than there really is, by adding false
(•(-.lour, talking volubly about it, etc.
i(li)-Gavugavu, ?>. One always on the chat-
ter, incessantly gossiping, 'talking' (gen.
in a bad sense), as a scandal-monger,
etc. Cp. i(li)-Fetefete.

Gavuza, v. Chatter or gossip endlessly ;

chatter or talk away (in a bad sense),

as one given to reporting scandal. Cp.

feteza.
i(li), or i-nGavuzana, ». contempt, form of

i(li)-Gavugavu.

i(li)-Gawozi, //. Green grass-locust, having
long legs; Native of a light yellow com-
plexion, resembling a half-caste (some-
what darker than the um-Hanga). Cp.
isi-Pakapaka.

i(li)-Gawu, n. Young pumpkin, of any kind,
or size, though still green = i(li)-
Rrwinti, i-nGhirru. Cp. isi-Rrongo.

um-Gawu, />. 5. Foetus of any animal not
yet completely grown, e.g. when just
beginning to show hair. Comp. um-
Bungu [Her. o-nguza].

u(lu)-Gawu, n. (C.N.) = um-Dhlandhlati.

Gawula, v. Chop or cut down, fell a tree
(ace), large or small, with an axe or
similar sharp instrument = gamula
[Her. oku-ka, to fell; Sw. kata, angu-
sha, to fell J.

P. leugawtdwa ow'axiwayo (umuti), there
gets cut down (the tree) that is known — said
to express the disadvantage of being a no-
table character or high personage.

u-Gawumbila (Gawumbhila), n. Name for
a leopard, on account of its grunt or
growl resembling the sound made by
grinding mealies on the stone (hence
it would seem more correct to say
u-Gayumbila).

Gaxa, ukuti (tikuthi), v. Do anything half-
wise, be in the middle of it, as half fill
a bucket (ace.) with water (nga), as
water (nom.) half filling a bucket (with
kit or loc), a person midway in his
speech (with infin.), a boy holding a
stick (ace.) by the middle, etc. = ukuti
gamanxa, ukuti gabavu.

Gaxa, v. Put across so as to fall on both
sides, as a towel (ace.) over a towel-horse
or blanket over one's shoulder; put
astride, as a man his legs (ace.) when
riding on a horse; hang across or upon,
as a coil of rope (ace.) upon a nail, a
portion falling on both sides; put, hang,
»r tie round, as a reim (ace.) round the
horns of a bullock; tie a person (ace.)
round, or involve him in an affair (loc);
lay the stick (ace.) across a person's
c.) back or body thoroughly, pitch

172 GA

into him ; put across or in between so
as to fix, as string between two closely
standing teeth; add to as an extra, over
and above (when of a different nature
to that which is added to), as a pumpkin
(ace.) on a basket of mealies (loc.), or
a box of matches (ace.) on a purchase
of groceries (loc. or ku — eleka); hang,
as a string of beads (ace.) over one
shoulder and under the arm on the op-
posite side (cp. nqivamba).

Ex. wasigaxa induku, saxa sati katata
ekaya) he laid the stick across us right away
till we got home.

uyaxigaxa ngamabomu exindabeni \abantu,
he thrusts himself intentionally into the
affairs of (other) people.

isi-Gaxa, n. Lump, as of clay, meat, etc.;
person or child with a short bulky body,

\ as a very fat child (— isi- Gigibala) ;
bulkiness, magnitude, weight (as below
only) ; disgust (not nausea) arising from
surfeit of rich food (= isi-Gantsha).

Ex. watukutela, waba isigaxa, he was
angry, he was a lump = he was puffed out
with rage.

kalina'sigaxa (lelo'xwi), it (that word) has
no concrete thing (expressed by it), i. e. it
is of an abstract nature, tangible only to
^1 the mind.

akuna'sigaxa sexwi loko, that (which you
say) does not possess the substance of a
word (or complaint) = there is nothing in
it, it is of no weight or importance.

isi-Gaxana, n. Little lump — used for a reel
of cotton (isigax. sentambo); short but
rather small-bodied person (= isi- Gig i-
balana).

Gaxeka (s. k.), v. Get to be across, astride,
caught, etc. (see gaxa), as a particle of
meat in a person's teeth (loc.) or the
wheels of a wagon when it collides with
a tree.

um-Gaxo, n. 5. Long string or rope, of
beadwork, dressed leather, etc., hanging
in a coil and for ornamental purposes
over one shoulder and under the arm
on the opposite side. Comp. nqivamba;
isi-Danga.

Gaya, v. Grind, or break up into small
particles by crushing, etc., as grain (ace),
tobacco-leaves for making snuff, etc.
[Her. koeya, grind; Sw. saga, grind;
Go. i-ganya, hand].

Ex. uku-gaya ugwayi to make snuff.

Gaye,ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be thickly numer-
ous, densely covering all, as a dense
herd of sheep grazing together; do
thickly, numerously, as kill off whole
troops in battle.

GA

Kx. ngafumanisa iximvu tite gctye enta-
beni, I found the sheep densely covering the
hill s= kufe intaba iximvu.

wabaqotula, wabati gaye, he cleared them
off' in dense numbers, laid them thick all
over the place.
isi-Gayelo, n. (C.N.) = isi-Galolwane.
i(li)-Gazi, n. Blood (the substance, as run-
ning in the living body) [Gr. haima,
blood; Lat. sanguis; Ngw. sakami; Ma.
essaruge; Reg. massi; Ga. msai; Ar.
dem; Sw. damn, blood; uaji, bloodshed;
At. eje, blood].

i lake nje, it is just caused
e. his ^unhealthy) constitu-

Ex. kwenx'iga
by his blood, i
tion.

amaoala egaxi

blood cases,
bodies,

blood

/

/'. e. criminal
generally, of
ins or might

V-^cases affecting persons
f\ course, cases in which
have been drawn.

I'hr. uSibanibani muhle, Icodwa igaxi lake
linye, So-and-so is nice, but his blood is
only one i.e. his physical appearance is only
one, has a sameness, commonness, unat-
tractiveness about it = ihlule lake linye, um-
. imba wake munye.

i-nGazi, n. A blood i. e. blood regarded
as a separate quantity, or a single col-
lection, as blood discharged from the
body, or congealed or clotted in the
body (the Natives having no clear con-
ception of the circulation of the blood);
plur. izi-nGazi, dropsy of the legs and
arms, supposed to be from congealed
blood and caused by an umtakati. Cp.
i(li)-Bende; um-Ongulo.

Ex. kwapuma ingaxi (or igaxi), there flow-
ed out blood, or a quantity of blood.

ixingaxi /e-.i y'ini? what are all these
bloods i. e. all this blood.

ingaxi zake xintle, his bloods are good i.e.
his physical constitution is healthy, robust.

um-Gazi, n. 5. Small opaque dark-red
beads with white inside (used collect.).
Comp. um-Lilwane, u-Manvpabane.

u(lu)-Gazi (more rarely also i-nGazi), n.
Handsomeness, niceness, fineness of ap-
pearance or complexion (not actual
beauty), which may be evident in one's
face even though he be not beautiful,
and contrariwise may be wanting in one
who is decidedly beautiful.

Ex. umuntu onogazi, a person of fine,
clear complexion.

umuti onogazi, nice-looking wood {e.g. a
varnished board) of pleasing grain and colour.

Gazinga, v. = gaming a.
Gazu, ukuti (akuthi), v. = gazuka; gazula.
Gazuka (s. k.), v. Get opened apart, as
below; go bouncing or bounding along, as

173 GCA

a ball or stone when rolled or buck when
running; split for a person (ace. with
via form), as one's head with headache;
split for a person (ace. with ela form)
with screaming or shrieking at him,
as when quarrelling or calling him from
a distance (cp. dazuluka) ukuti gazu.
Gazula, r. Open a thing (ace.) apart so as
to present an open mouth, as when
giving a person a gash or long dee])
cut in the flesh (cp. zawula), or as a
pumpkin or Ion of wood when cutting
into it with a knife or axe, or as a fe-
male the pudenda or logs when sitting
indecently (= rranula)', shout loudly
and irreverently at a person (ace.),
scream at him in a disrespectful man-
ner; make a thing (ace.) go bounding
or bouncing along, as a boy a ball or
stone down a hillside.

Gcaba. />. Cut small incisions in the skin
of a person (ace.), as for rubbing in
medicine (comp. gazula, zawula); hence
used for, vaccinate (ace.), inoculate; also
(C.N.) paint the face or body with col-
oured spots or patterns, as young men
and girls (= caka).

isi-Gcaba, n. (C.N.) = isi-Caba.

Gcabaza (Gcabhaza), v. Pass urine = tu-

nda, cama, shobinga.
Gcabaza (Gcabhaaza), v. = tainasa.
um-Gcabo, n. o. Vaccination; vaccination

virus ; vaccination marks (Mod.).

i-nGcacane, n. Marsh-plant having an
orange- red spike on a long stalk, like
the i(li)-Cacane, and whose fibre is
used as string in but-building; some-
times applied also to the i(li)-Caeane.

Gcagca, y. Go through the wedding-dance
(or marriage ceremony generally), as a
girl marrying; dance the wedding-dance,
as the bridal-party (um-Timba), males
and females, at a wedding. Comp. ca-
nguza; keta.

Ex. intombi ka'Bani is'igeageile, So-and-

so's daughter has already performed the wed-
ding-dance = is now married officially or
formally, has joined her husband — the term
gana referring to marriage merely in the
natural sense, 'to take a man'.

i(li)-Gcagcane, n. Small square ornament
of beadwork hung round the neck.

Gcagcisa, v. Allow or arrange for a girl
(ace.) to go through her wedding-dance
or ceremony, as her lather might ; help
a girl (ace.) to do so, by accompanying
her as one of her bridal party.

um-Gcagco, //. 5. Bridal-dance, at a wedding
(not thai of the irKeto or bridegroom's
party) = um-Canguzo. Cp. isi-Gerre,

/

GCA
Gcaka (s. k.J, v. (C. N.) = caka.
isi-Gcaka (s.k.), n. (C.N.) = isi-Caka.
i(li)-Gcaki (s. k.), n. White quartz, frequent-
ly found as semi-transparent pebbles
in river-beds and along the sea-shore
it is used medicinally by the Natives;
common variety of white Natal mealies
(comp. i(li)-Huma; u-Hlezane).

isi-Gcaki ($. k.), n. = isi-Celu.

um-Gcako (s.k.),n.5. (C.N.) = um-Cako.

i-nGcangiyana, //. (C. N.) = u-Nomngcangi-
yana.

Gcantsa (s. k.), v. Be very thin, emaciat-
ed, as from famine or wasting disease
(used in perf.). = caka.

isi-Gcasha, //. Venomous spider (C. N.).

i-nGcatu (Geathu),n. A very slow walking
or creeping along, as of an infant or very
infirm person (with ukwenza). See catula.

isi-Gcawu, n. Any certain spot or place out
in the open used by people or cattle
for frequently congregating on, sitting
about on, etc., as an appointed cleared-
space outside the kraal on which the
cattle stand and are milked in rainy
muddy weather, a sheltered spot near
the kraal where the men are given to
sitting or trying cases, a spot on the
veldt or inside the kraal appointed for
holding the wedding or other dance,
lair of a wild-beast in the long grass
or bush, or any other place cleared or
trodden-down by frequent use (= isi-
Kundhla); kind' of small pink bead (=
isi-Pofu).

Gcaya, v. Cover from sight the breasts
and abdomen by the inGcayi, as a young
woman does when recently married, and
whenever pregnant; conceal one's real
mind about anything by false external
appearances (ngomzimba), as when
showing oneself "glad on meeting a per-
son one doesn't care about, or assenting
to anything from fear or somebody
present; retain silence purposely, as
when being abused — caya.

i-nGcayi, n. Skin-covering used by wo-
men for concealing the breasts and ab-
domen when pregnant or recently mar-
ried. = isi-Gcayi. See gcaya.

isi-Gcayi, ». = i-nGcayi.

i-riGcayikazana (s. k.), n. Recently married
wife.

i-nGcazi, //.. = i-mBenge (freq. used by
those who hlonipa this last word);
(C.N.) also large round earthen vessel.

i-nGce, //. plur. of u(lu)-Ce.
i(li)-Gceba (with plur.), n. Single rush, of
a certain kind of marsh-grass used for

174 GCI

mat-making (— i-nDuma) ; also = i(li)-
Tulo.
i-nGceba, n. Thick lower stalk of the wild-
banana leaf, which, when dry, is torn
into thin strips for making the um-
Ncivado; the um-Ncwado itself, for
which it is a euphemistic name (= i-
nKamanga); (collect.) ama-Shoba for
arm-ornamentation, when of a beautiful
silvery whiteness, such as worn by the
higher-class men (cp. u(lu)-Kasi).

Ex. iiionile, iy'ingeeba, it (the ox) is as
fat as a wild-banaua stem (which is juicy
and eaten).
isi-Gceba, n. Wild-banana tree (St?'elitzia
august a) whose leaf-stems are used as
above and the leaves themselves used
for carpeting damp corn-pits = isi-Da-
bane.
i-nGcebelezela, n. (C. N.) = u(hi)-Titi.
i-nGcebengela, n. A patching-up of a bad
case, or of an old coat or hut (see
cebengeta) = i-nGciciyela.

Ex. yasimxe yavioma ingcebengela, he (the
chief) just consented to a specious patchiug-
up (or made-up case) by the other side
iwhereas the matter stood perfectly clear
against them ).

i(li)-Gceke (s. k.J, n. Kraal-yard i.e. cleared
space about the huts, or outside the
kraal when cleared of grass; loc. egce-
keni, in the open, or clearly visible
country ; adv. openly (= obala) ; also =
i(li)-Ceke.

i-nGcekeza (s. k.), n. Certain kind of dance
of girls at a first menstruation, etc. (with
shaya — this custom is now almost un-
known).

Gcelekeshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti
ngcelekeshe.

i-nGcelu, n. Broad, shallow-shaped i-mBe-
nge. See i-nGceiigce.

i(li)-Gcema, n. Wooden needle for thatch-
ing (= i(li)-Tulo); flat iron needle for
sewing mats, etc., with; hence, applied
to any kind of stake or iron-instrument
flattened at the sides and sharp at the
point, like a modern bayonet.

i-nGcengce, n. Any broad shallow-shaped
basket, whether i-mBenge, or i(li)-Qo-
ma. See u(lu)-Celu, i-nGcelu.

isi-Gcengce, n. Certain tree growing in
the bush-country whose berries, mixed
with umu-Twa, are used as ama-Ka.
See isi-Fico.

i-nGcengebezela, n. = i-Ncengelezela.

isi-Gcibishe, or Gcibisholo, n. Mark for
boys to throw sticks at (C.N.). See t-
nGcwimbi.

GCI

tapeworm
stools (the

2-

3

i-nGciciyela, n. = i-nFcebengela.

GciTi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti cifi.

Gcifiza, v. = cifiza.

isi-Gcifiza, n. = isi-Cifiza.

Gcika (s. &.>, w. Lay leaves on the top of
water in a vessel to prevent it shaking
over by the motion of carrying.

i-nGcikingciki (s.k.),n. see i-Ngciki-

ngciki.

um-Gciko (s.k.),n.5. Leaves placed on
the top of water, as above.

Gcija, v. (C.;N.) = cija.

i-nGcili,w. Small part of a

passed separately with the

word is not liked as vulgar). Cp. isi-

Lo; ama-Hashu; u-Nozondilanga; i(li)-

Buka; u(tu)-Hlavane.
isi-Gcilisha, n. (C.N.) = isi-Bankwa.
isi-Gcimiza, n. = isi-Cifiza.

Gcina, v. Make stick fast, as glue (num.)
a broom-handle (ace.) in its hole, or as
cement the fragments of a broken vessel
(for the sticking of the gum of an enve-
lope uku-namatelisa is used); keep
firm, as a commandment (ace); pre-
serve, take care of, as money (ace.);
e*iid,"J finish up, terminate, as by (nga)
the last thing in a row (corap. qeda)
[comp. qina of which this word appears
to be a form].

Ex. ogeinileyo or owokugcina, the Inst,
the endiug-up oue, as of a woman's children,
or a row of huts.

i-nGcina, u. (C. N.) — i-nGcino.

Gcinezela, v. Keep firm, press with hands
or feet — akin to or adopted from Xo.
cinezela (C. N.).

i-nGcingane, n. — see i-Ngcingane.

Gcingca, v. Stuff up, as when stuffing a
child (ace.) with excessive food, stuffing
up a person with excessive or unan-
swerable talk so that he be unable to
reply, or as a bull continually mounting
a cow after its covering has been com-
pleted and which habit is supposed to
render it barren. Cp. ukuti i'okoqo;
gxusha.

i-nGcingo, n. = um-Ngcingo.

ama-Gcino (no sing.), n. End; final doing.

Ex. umntwana wamagcino, or owas'ema-
gcinweni, or owokugcina, the last or final
child (of any woman); so also the last boy,
tree, etc. of a row.

i-nGcino, n. Small veldt plant having large
raceme of tiny white flowerlets and large
bulbous root containing a slimy sub-
stance used for gluing the assegai-blado

175 GCI

into its wooden shaft; the slimy, gluti-
nous substance itself (= i-nKulati);
black pasty matter accumulating in the
stem of a hemp-horn or pipe; (C.N.) =
um-Ovu.

i-nGcipo (Gcipho), n. Horizontal spring-
stick holding the stone of a bov's bird-
trap or isi-Fe.

Phr. kuguabuke ingeipo namhla feu' Bam,

the trap-spring lias sprung back to-day with
So-and-so = something has got hold of him,
he is very angry or put out.

Geisha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be full up, as a
calabash or mealie-pit; be of full body,
well filled out, or of equally bulky pro-
portions right away from top to bottom,
as a pillar, or a " man of bulky body
right through = gcishaza.

Ex. wahloba tvati geisha, he adorned him-
self, filling up every part of the body.

kusuke pex/ulu, huge kute ycixho pantsi,
from the top it goes in the same fullness
(bulk or breadth) down to the bottom.
Gcishaza, />. = ukuti geisha.

Gcishi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) = ukuti
(lintsi.

i-nGcisili, u. Certain animal of the badger
kind (N).

i-nGcisini, w. = i-uKwishela.

i(li)-Gciwane, n. Small light particle float-
ing about in the air, as of fine ash when
blown about by the wind, or of dust
raised in sweeping a floor; person of
weak intellect, devoid of all self-restraint,
incapable of behaving respectably, whose
normal manners are similar to those of
a man under the influence of drink.

Phr. tiBani uyahamba etwele amagciwane
ugekanda, So-and-so goes about carrying
bits of dust (i. c. dirt) on his head (i. e. on
his headring) — a shame to a self-esteeming
ikehla.
Gciwaza or Gciwagciwaza, r. Do, or be-
have like an i-Gciivane q.v., or a man
who has been drinking.

Gcizela or Gcizelela, r. Repeat over again
something (ace, or witfi TcilTbr loc.) one
has already done before, by way of em-
phasizing, perfecting or increasing tin-
quantity, e.g. when repeating a second
serving- or ladleful on the top of a plate
of porridge, when giving over again
evidence or information one has given
before, or repeating again a lesson one
has already gone through; put up, as a
child (ace), to do again something
wrong; fill up or fill in the open spaces
in a branch-built hedge by bending. in
any protruding twigs (— xabiya).

GCO

Ex. ake ugcixele konalapa, just do again
here, will you? i.e. put on a little more
paint, etc.

ngilokn ngigeixela ka'Faku, I am all
along doing again Faku's kraal i.e. am al-
waya going or being sent there.

hade kicasa ngigcizelela kulelo'xwi, 1 have
day after day kept repeating that same
thing.
Gcoba, /'. Anoint with anything of an oily
nature, as the body (ace.) with fat, or a
sore with ointment ; hence, oil, grease,
lubricate; rub clothes (ace.) with soap
when washing them.

Phr. saVugcobe, wanele, just grease your-
self to satisfaction, i. e. iust feel easy and
satisfied and don't mind what this person
-ays or dues, give him his money and let
him go — said by one friend to another to
case the latter'- feelings, advising him for
-ake of peace, not to quarrel, etc., with
another.

umlobokaxi uhamba esagcobile, the new
l>ride goes while still comfortably greased —
-aid of a person who has been staying at a
place and left it while still on good terms
all round, no1 having had time to exhibit
his natural defects or discover those of the
kraal he is leaving; all has been pleasant
and comfortable.

angitandi ukugcotshwa (ox ukubecwa) nyo-
bende emlonyeni, I don't like being (merely)
smeared about the mouth with spleen (which,
as a good-for-nothing morsel, is thrown to
the small boys, whose mouths become cover-
id with the blood thereof as though they
had been feasting on something good) —
-aid when finding fault with the stingy bit
of meat, etc., offered to one.

Gcoba (Gcobha),v. Milk slightly i.e. a
cow (ace.) that has little milk, as during
the winter. Cp. f/qoba.

Gcobo, ukuti (Gcobho, ukuthi), v. Make a
slight poke or 'dip' into something soft
or liquid with some pointed thing, as
into the porridge (with loc. or km) with
one's finger (with nga), into a basin of
meal with a stick, or as one's coat-tails
dipping into the water when fording a
river = gcoboza.

i(li)-Gcobo, //. Any thing, or action, pleas-
ing to see, nice to the eyes, as a fancy
icmutsha, respectful behaviour in a child
mot used of persons or their features,
unless metaphorically).

Ex. kanti igeobo, yini, lolco? does that
then, think you, look nice? (that conduct of

Gcoboza (Oeobhoza), v. = ukuti gcobo.
i-nGcodoba, //. (N.) = i-nCodobu.

176 GCU

isi-Gcogco, n. (C.N.) = isi-Coco.
Gcogcoma, v. — coeoma.

i(li)-Gcokama (s.k.),n. A serupulously
neat person, unusually 'fine' in his ha-
bits. Cp. i(li)-Nono.

i(li)-Gcokwe (s. k.), i>. A small i(H)-Hawu.

Gcola, v. (C.N.) = cola.

i-nGcolo, n. Plant whose roots are eaten
in time of famine (C. N.).

isi-Gcolo, n. Small garden or patch of
cultivated land; (N.) certain sea-fish.

u-Gcololo, n. — i(li)-Cakide.
Gcomba (Geo nib ha), v. (C.N.) = comba.
i-nGcongco, n. = isi-Qongo. See ukuti
congco.

i-nGcongobezela, n. A careful doing (with
enza — see congobezela); thing to be
economised, taken care with, as one's
small food-supply = i-nGcongolozela.

i-nGcongoiozela, n. = i-nGcongobezela.

i-nGcongoshiyane, n. = i-nTutxvane.

isi-Gcono, n. Laughing stock, a person
made to look ridiculous.

Ex. vkwmshaya isigcono, to make him a
laughing-stock,

i-nGcosana, n. Very small quantity, of
anything liquid or solid; hence, a very
little, a very few, a very tiny bit, etc. ;
sometimes = kancane. Cp. ukuti cosu;
ncinya, ncavc.

ubu-nGcosana, n. Small quantity, of any-
thing, i. e. its fewness, littleness, etc.

i-nGcosho, n. One of a certain girl's ibuto
formed by Mpande, next before the
u- Gudhludonga.

i-nGcosi, n. Small quantity — gen. equi-
valent to i-nGcosana, as above.

isi-Gcoyi, n. = isi-Copolozi.

i-nGcozana, n. — i-nGcosana.

ubu-nGcozana, n. = ubu-nGeosana.

isi-Gcozi, n. — isi-Kigi.

i-nGcuba, n. Meat of an animal (edible)
that has died, not been slaughtered. Cp.
um-Cane.

i-nGcubula, n. = nm-Kindi.

i-nGcucu,«. Rotting, decayed thing, falling
apart into small bits, as old thatch, rot-
ten hide, etc. Cp. izi-Cucu; cuceka.

Gcugca, v. Fritter away or diminish by
constantly withdrawing from for petty
purposes, as a person his money (ace),
food, or cattle.

i-nGcugce, n. An ibuto lezintombi formed
by Cetshwayo and next after the isi-
Timane of Mpande, and mostly married

GCU

177

GE

into the i-nDhlondhlo and u(lu)-Dhloko
regiments of men.

Gcugceka (s. k.), v. Get frittered away or
diminished by constant petty withdraw-
als from, as one's money (nom.), food
or cattle; be reduced in quantity, or
short in numbers, not of full strength or
amount, as a regiment (nom.) when
some of the men have been called off
for other small duties.

u-Gcugcuza, n. = u-Qadolo.
i(li)-Gcuka, or Gcuke (s.k.),?i. Large yel-
low ant (C.N.).

i-nGcuku (s. k.), n. = i(li)-Cuku; (C. N.)
large skin dress worn about the loins
by women in the interior.

Gcula, v. Stand stationary, in one place,
as cattle when sick, or a man viewing
y the country (gen. in perf.). Cp. gqula;
ma; dwafa.

i-nGcula, n. Variety of assegai having a
very long shank and small blade, per-
haps four or five inches long, used for
small game, etc. = i-nTshutsha. Cp.
i-nDhlodhlela.

um-Gcula, n. 5. Barren mealie-stalk, i.e.
bearing no cob. Comp. i(li)-Puta, um-
Puta.

i(li)-Gcuma, n. Certain running veldt-plant,
having nasty ithorns; burrweed (Xan-
thium spinosum).

i-nGcungu,w. — see i-Ngcungu.

i-nGcungulu, n. (C. N.) = u-Tshobitshobi.

i-nGcungwana, n. A screwing together of
the tips of the fingers, as in a certain
children's game. See qupa.

i-nGcupe or Gcupo (Geupheov Gcupho),n.
The increased secretion or 'show' pre-
ceding delivery in women. Cp is-
Ampanza.

u(lu)-Gcusulu, n. (N) = isi-Patsholo — the
word has been now adopted in Zululand,
where the disease seems to have been
unknown before the advent of Euro-
peans.

Gcwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be brimming full
= ukuti ciki.

i(li)-Gcwabakazi (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-
Cakazi.

i-nGcwabasi, n. Any very tall, towering
person, tree, etc. (cp. i-nGcwani)', (N)
wealthy, well-off man, a 'gentleman' =
i-nJinga.

Gcwaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. (C. N.) =
ukuti cwanta.

Gcwala, v. Be full, as a vessel (nom.) with
water (ace.) — used gen. in perf. ; fill as
the water (nom.) does a vessel (with loc.

or ku) — used gen. in perf. [Ar. mala,
to fill; MZT. and Xo. zala, to be full;
Sw. jaa; Ga. jula; Her. ura; At cu, fill].

Ex. kugewele abantu cndhlini, it is full (of)
people in the hut.

ikanda lake kaliycwele, his head is not full
i. e. doesn't carry the proper amount of good
sense = he is a wild, indiscreet, rascally
fellow (Mod.).

i-nGcwali, n. = i-nCwali.

Gcwalisa, v. Cause to be full i.e. to fill,
as a person a vessel (ace.) with water
(nga), or water (ace.) into a vessel (loc.
or ku); fulfil, as a person his promise
(izivi — Mod.).

i(li)-Gcwane, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Gciwane.

Gcwaneka (s. k.J, v. (C. N.) = gciwaza.

i-nGcwani, n. Very tall, slender-bodied,
lanky person. Cp. i-nGcivabasi.

i-nGcwatule (Gcwathule), n. = ti(lu)-Cwa-
ta.

Gcwaya, v. (C. N.) = gcaya.

i-nGcwayi, n. (C. N.) = um-Laza.

i-nGcwecwe, n. = u(lu)-Ciueave.

i-nGcwedi,M = i-nGcivepeshi.

i-nGcwele, n. A pure, holy thing (N. fr. Xo.
ngewele, pure) — see cweba.

isi-Gcwelegcwele, n. Plunderer, marauder,
such as were driven from their homes
by war, etc., and compelled to live a ma-
rauding life in secluded spots.

Gcweleza, v. Lead a plundering, maraud-
ing life, as above.

i-nGcwepeshi (Gcwepheshi),n. One unu-
sually smart, clever, skilful, expert in
talk or work = i-nGcivedi ; see cwepe-
sha.

i-nGcweti (s.t.), n. (C.N.) = i-nGcwedi.

i-nGcwimbi, n. — see i-Ngcwimbi.

Ge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Refuse, or deny
absolutely (used with nqaba, pika, etc) ;
oftentimes equivalent to 'never!' (=
ngeke).

Geba, v. Bend down {int?'ans.), as the
bough of a tree when pulled; incline
to one side, as the top of a long thin
plank when stood on end, or the head
and body of a child when asleep in the
i-mBeleko ; dip, or tip on one side, as a
tray or pot of beer when carried unev-
enly ; incline or bend down over, as the
shades of evening (amatumi) down the
eastern side of a hill in the afternoon.
Comp teba; goba [Sw. geuka, turn; ne-
pa, bend; penda, incline to; Her. peta,
bend to one side; Ga. menga, bend].

i-nGebangebane, u. Children's game, in

12

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178

GE

which one takes hold of the hand of
another by the wrist and then by a jerk
suddenly endeavours to knock him, or
another, on the nose with his own hand.
See i-nGcungwana.

Gebe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Bend down, or in-
cline at the end, as a long plank, or
long bundle of grass carried on the head
(= geba) ; cut a person (ace.) a big open
wound, as with a stick, stone, or cane-
knife (= gebeza).

i(li)-Gebe, n. Any deep empty pit or hole,
whether dug by man, or burrowed by
animals; such a pit, used as a trap for
catching game ; concavity of the body
just above the hips, the waist, (=i(li)-
Guma).

Ex. emagebeni, round the waist,, over the
hips.

i-nGebe, ». Breech-loading gun (from ge-
ba - C.N.)

u(lu)-Gebe, n. Dangerous ridge (C. N.).
Phr. ukuba s'ogebeni, to be on the point
of, on the verge of, in danger of (C.N.).

u(lu)-Gebedu, ». Man's headring when
made to fall low at the sides showing
the crown of the head.

u-Gebeleweni, n. Plant (Rhipsalis sp.) with
fleshy, leafless stalks growing in rocky
places, said to be a remedy for irrita-
tion caused by um-Dhlebe;- also certain
tree of the u-'Xf/angoti kind (= u-Ntla-
ngoti ompofu).

isi-Gebengu,«. Highwayman, whether mur-
dering or plundering (N. fr. Xo. isi-
Gebewja).

Gebeza, v. Cut or strike a person (ace.)
so asr to cause a big open wound, as
with a' stick, stone, or cane-knife =ukuti
gebe.

Gebezela, /'. Wave up and -down, incline
in a waving manner to one side, as a
bough with someone sitting on it, a
bundle of grass carried on the head, or
a long, thin plank when stood on end
= ukuti gebe gebe, gobozela.

u(lu)-Gebezi (Gebhezi), n. Fragment or
broken piece, of a gourd or other simi-
lar light brittle vessel (not of earthen-
ware pots — u( Ju)-Dengezi) ; such gourd,
etc., partially broken ; empty skeleton
{i.e. thorax) "of an ox, etc., as seen lying
on the veldt (= u(lu)-Gobozi). Cp. isi-
Qepu.

Gebisa, v. Bend down (trans.), make in-
cline to one side, as a person might a
bough (ace.) by pulling it, or a tray
when carrying it unevenly, or a long
thin plank when holding it erect.

Gebu, ukuti (Gebhu, ukuthi), v. = gebula,
gebuza.

isi-Gebu (Gebhu), n. Deep hole of a wound,
whether from injury or ulcerous growth.

Gebula (Gebhu la), v. Cut deeply into,
whether by a vertical cut (as when cut-
ting through a loaf of bread (ace.) or a
slice of meat off a lump), or concavely,
leaving a deep hole (as when cutting
out big clods of earth (ace.) with the
hoe, or when digging a grain-pit very
deep, or when biting a big hole in a
man's leg (ace.) or loaf of bread) — ge-
buza, ukuti gebu.

Gebuza (Gebhuza), v. — gebula.

isi-Gebuza (Gebhuza), n. — isi-Gebu.

u-Gebuz'izulu (Gebhuzizulu), n. Common
isi-bongo for a warrior who has, at
some time, administered a famously big-
wound.

isi-Gece, u. Any incomplete or unfinished
thing, or work, or affair, wanting in any

f of its parts, as a house still partly un-
finished, or a cup that has lost its han-
dle, or a matter only partly considered
(comp. umu-Kwa) ; knife of Native work-
manship, shaped like a broad assegai-
blade, and originally used by women
for field and cooking purposes (— umu-
Kwa, um-Hebe) ; plur. izi-Gece, food left
uneaten or over from a meal (= izi-
Gede, izi-Geqe).

Ex. umsebenxi u/wushiye uy'isigeca, he lias
left the work unfinished.

i(li)-Gecegece, n. = i(li)-Gwence.

Gede, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gedeza; gedezela.

i-nGede, n. Interior trembling or nervous-
ness; (C.N.) — u(lu)-Gedegede; i-nTlava.

isi-Gede, n. Any big, bulky thing, enough
for a meal and over, as a large sweet-
potato or mealie-cob; pi. izi-Gede, food
left, or remaining over, after a meal (=
izi- Geqe, izi- Gece).

Ex. bastita, bashiya ixigede, they ate to
the full and left a lot over.

um, or u(lu)-Gede, n. Cave, cavernous place,
den (large or small), as beneath a preci-
pice, or over-hanging rock, or as formed
by large stones leaning together, or
within a large hollow tree = um-Balu,
um-Pandu, um-Hume.

Gede gede, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gedeza;
gedezela.
1 i(li)-Gedegede, n. A trembling, as from
nervousness, etc. See gedezela.

u(lu)-Gedegede, n. Loud, noisy talker, both
by nature, or when excited by anger =
i(li)-Ketekete. See gedeza.

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GE 1

Gedeza, v. Talk away with a continuous
y noise (so as to make the whole place
f reverberate, as it were, with the din), as
flome very loud talkers do naturally, or
women when loudly scolding, or witch-
doctors crying out praising the spirits;
reverberate, resound, make a <lin, as an
empty hall or a wood mighl one's voice
foeteza.

Ex. ny'exwu kugedexwa ka'Bani, 1 heard
it being bawled out (by an umnyoma) at
So-and-so's kraal — which is taken to mean
B meat-feast on the next day.

Gedezela, v. Tremble, with tear; shiver,
yf from cold = tutumela, qaqazela, gubu-
zela, i/uqu.

Gedhla, v. Grind with the teeth, making
a grating noise, as hard mealie-g rains
or a stone in the food (= gedhleza; />/-
m.ela, ququda); gnaw anything hard, as
a rat a board (ace. cp. gewula)\ cause
a gnawing or sharp cutting pain, gripe,
as a drastic purgative might a man
(ace); cut gradually through and off by
some continuous process, as a man sa.&s.
ing a block of wood (ace), or a rodent
gnawing away the bottom of a post
(ace.), or a man felling a tree by chop-
ping out bit by bit from the bottom ;
gnaw away at so as to bring down, kill
off, as an umtakati does the individuals
(ace.) of a kraal; cut sharply and finely,
as a sharp assegai-blade or blade of
grass; produce a grating sound, as the
chest of a person with bronchitis, from
the passage of air through tin' accumu-
lation of mucus in the bronchial tubes
ukuti gedhle.

Phr. ico-xSungigedkle tnwelc, come and cut
my hair for me.

uku-gedhla aii/axiui/o, to grind the teeth,
as a child in sleep = uku-dhla amaainyo.

itku-gedhlu imihlati, to grind the jaws i. r.
gnash the teeth, as an exasperated man =
uku-ququda imihlati, or uku-dhla imihlati.

isi-Gedhla, //. Ox with horns pointing
downwards in any way, whether straight
down on either side (= um-Dhlovu), or
round before the face; one of a certain
section of the um-Xapo regiment.

u(lu)-Gedhla, n. Anything of an erect, flat-
sided shape, as the comb of a cock (—
u(lu)-Mema), long narrow-faced (i.e.
flat-sided) head (- u(lu)-Mema), or a
mountain rising abruptly up and pre-
senting a flat precipitous face; grating
soil i. e. soil abounding in small stones
or fragments of shale (~ u(lu)- Gedhle).

i-nGedhlane, />. One who secretly makes
away with the people of a kraal or oar-

79

GE

ries injurious information about them
to the chief (see gedhla).

Gedhle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. gedhla, ge-
dhleza, gedhlezela.

isi-Gedhle, //. Stony place, covered with
pebbles or boulders, as by some rivers
u(lu)- Gedhle, isi- Wehle.

u(lu)-Gedhle, n. Grating soil, or place
where the earth is mixed with an abun-
dance of small stones or fragment.- ol
shale ( u(lu)-Qedhla); also - isi-Ge-
dhle.

isi-Gedhlekazi (s.k.),n. Cow, as above
see isi-Gedhla.

Gedhleza, v. Freq. and intens. of gedhla.

Gedhlezela, p. (Jo grating along, grate, a.-
a wagon goin^ over stony ground or a
person grinding with the teeth a stone
in the food or any hard dry grains;
grate, as the road-Stones, stone in food,
etc., itself.

Gega, v. Take off the hair (ace.) SO as to
leave bald, as the headrest does by con-
stantly rubbing at the same place during
sleep, ..]■ as certain diseases which make
the hail' fall out, or as does the razor
when shaving. Cp. ptica, singa; gunda
[Her. //oka, fall out as hair).

Ex. ileanda seligegekile isigqiki, bia head
has the hair already all rubbed off bare by

the headrest.

isi-Gege, //. Girl's frontal covering die-
fore the pubes), formed of an oblong
patch of beadwork. Cp. um-Belenja;
ub-Endhle; isi-Heshe; wmvrTsha.

isi-Gege (Geege), ik Greedy, gluttonous
person, eating largely and alone ( i(li)-
Govu, isi-Hangahanga); applied also to
a loose-charactered Jlirt, who is not sa-
tisfied with only a single young-man.

ubu-Gege (dceye), h. Gluttony; gluttonous
nature, as above.

isi, or u(lu)-Gegebu, //. u(lu)-Keke.

Gegedhla, /-. Gnaw at or away, as a rat
or white-ants = freq. of gedhla.

i(li)-Gegedhla, ;/. Thing always going </r
ge (i.e. with giggling, gnawing, etc.)
freq. used of a rat, an i-Hlokohloko, etc,

Ge ge ge, ukuti (ukuthi pronounced in
a low tone and with all syllables equally
short), /'. = gegezela.

Ge ge ge, ukuti (ukuthi pronounced in

a high tone and with the last syllable

prolonged), v. gegeteka.
isi-Gegege, ;/. Blazing, baking sun or heat.
Gegeka (s. k.), <'. Get made to conic out

(i.e. fall off), as a person's hair from

disease or friction.

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180

GE

Gegeteka (Gegetheka), r. Give a long, re-
iterated, lusty laugh, as might a lot of
Native girls when amused. Cp. gigite-
ka.

Gegezela, v. Trot lightly along, shuffle
quickly along, at a pace intermediary be-
tween'walking and running, as a person
too old to run, or a man going quickly
down a hill = kekezela.

i-nGego, )>. i-nTsingo.

Geja, v Fail to reach or obtain a thing
aimed at or sought after, as a boy (nom.)
whose stick, when thrown at a bird
misses its mark; hence, to miss, as the
boy (not as the stick = papdlaza); lose;
feel the want of, fail in anything i.e. be
without it (nga). Comp. tshamtsheka,
tshaswa.
Ex. es&lezi ku'mnumxana, kageji nga'lu-
as loug as he is living with the well-off
man, he fails for nothing, i. e. needs nothing,
gets everything he wants.

i(li)-Geja, n. Native hoe; hence, plough
(i-geja lezinkabi); card of the spades
suit, in playing-cards (see um-Cijwane,
ii-Mpukane, ti-Magqebeni) [Sw. jembe,
hoe; Her. otyi-vete; Ya. ka-jela].

P. igeja litengwa ngokubonwa, the hoe is
bought after being seen =■ look before you
leap.

ngihlexi pezti kwegeja lishisa, I am sitting
upon a hot hoe-iron — used to express living
in very uncomfortable surroundings, or with
some great sorrow or misfortune afflicting
one.

isi-Gejane, n. Long train of people, etc.
Cp. i(li)-Hele.

i-nGeje (Geeje),n. Single string of beads
worn by girls and boys encircling the
head or hanging over the shoulder
(comp. um-Qele); also = isi-Kigi.

Gela, v. Cut down, as an enemy a man's
crops (ace) ; abandon one's own chief
(with kti) and go over to another for
some selfish purpose, go over to the
enemy, act disloyally (= hlubuka).

i(li)-Gela, n. One who abandons his own
chief and goes over to another for selfish
reasons; one who goes over to the ene-
my (if he sees it stronger), turns dis-
loyal, a traitor; small veldt-plant having
edible roots.

i-nGele,w. (C.N.) -- see u(lu)-Giuele.

isi-Gele (Geele), n. Person with retiring
forehead and head going off promin-
ently at the back; hence, a man with the
headrin_r placed far back on the head;
pi. izi-Gele (no sing.), the ringkops and
old men of a locality assembled toge-
ther, as when considering some case.

Gele gele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = geleza.
u-Gelegele, n. = u-Ntloyile.

i-nGelegele, n. Very steep, precipitous
ascent, as in valleys, etc., of very broken
country or precipitous hills = um-Tezu-
ka.

u(lu)-Gelegele, ??,. = u(lu)-Cwazi.

Gelekeqa (s.k.),v. Do a thing sharply, with
undeliberated action, as when a man
comes home from work, throws down
his sickle (ace.) in the hut and goes
out, or picks up a mealie-cob in his
way and flings it (ace.) away outside;
or "with quick sudden effort, so as e. g.
to catch instantly some object before it
can get away, as a man (nom.) when he
snatches up a stick and hurls it (ace.)
at a thieving dog, or as a blade of
tambootie-grass might give one (ace.)
a sudden cut while handling it ; or in
a sharp decisive manner, as when a per-
son (nom.) gives another (ace.) a sudden
gash with a knife (with nga), or cuts
asunder a string (ace.) by a sharp de-
cisive stroke = ukuti gelekeqe.

Gelekeqe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = geleke-
qa; gelekeqeka.

isi-Gelekeqe (s. k.), 11. Highwayman who
attacks and kills persons on the road.
Cp. i-nTswelaboya.

u(lu)-Gelekeqe (s.k.),n. Thing curving over
backwards at the top, as a man's head
with a receding crown, an ox with
long horns flowing away behind, or the
crescent-shaped moon before its first
quarter.

Gelekeqeka (s. k.), v. Get done sharply,

with undeliberated action, as above; or

with quick sudden effort, as above; or

in a sharp decisive manner, as above

— gelekeqa = ukuti gelekeqe.

u-Gelenja, n. Dredger [Eng.].

Geleza or Gelezela, v. Make an undulat-
ing, wavy movement,' undulate, as a
long loose rope when shaken, or long
grass when the wind passes over it, or
as the heat-waves on a hot day or
above a stove; go in an undulating,
wavy, up and down manner, as a line
of sheep, or a single man, tripping
along, or water rippling along in a brook
= ngelezela, wumbuzela.

u(lu)-Gelo, n. Any assemblage or gather-
ing of men, sitting in a semi-circle, as to
try a case, drink beer, etc.

Gema, v. Indicate, or point out, by a mo-
tion of the head (ngekanda), as when
nodding assent, or motioning a person
to a particular spot by a side-movement
of the head ; make an indication or feint

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181

GE

of striking at one (ace), as by raising-
one's stick (= sikaza).

um-Gemane, w. 5. Kind of in-tsema (Eu-
phorbia bupleuri folia.).

um-Gembeleza or Gembelezane ((iembhe-
leza), n. 5. Fine, sleek, handsome-bodied
person, as is common among headmen
= um-Bakabaka, um-Peteza. Cp. um-
Dombolozi.

Gembeqe, ukuti (Gembheqe, ukuthi),v. =
ukuti yendn.

izi or ama-Gemegeme (no sing.), n. Event
or events, of a grave, serious, disagree-
able nature, happening in a kraal or
locality = ama-Lekeleke, ama-Yingoti.

Gemenca, v. Banter, or play with a per-
son (ace.) by making humourously in-
f sinuating remarks so concealed as not
to be apparent to him.

i(li)-Gemence, n. Person of a fickle,
capricious nature, whose love only lasts
a short time before being passed over
to another.

Gemeza, v. Commit faults of a seriously
evil nature = lekeza. See ama-Gemege-
me.

i(li)-Gemfe, n. Native reed-whistle, the
herd-boy's pan-pipes = i(li)-Gerre, i(li)-
Venge.

i(li)-Gemfu, n. Hut at present unoccupied,
as that of a young-man away at work.

isi-Gemfuka (s.k.),n. Huge, big-bodied

person or animal.

Genama, v. Be in a state of exultation,

L. supreme happiness, high glee, as the

/v Zululand Natives upon the return of

\ Dinuzulu from St. Helena (used in perf.)

= qenama.

Genca, v. Deal a blow or gash, as with a
sword or axe ; hence, cut down by slash-
es of such an instrument, as when
felling a tree (ace), cutting down sugar-
cane, etc.; give a person (ace.) or thing
a chop or cut with such instrument =
yenca. Cp. ukuti yepe [Sw. chanja, chop;
Her. penda, chop].

Genga, v. Deceive, trick a person (ace),
as in trading, etc.

0 Ex. emu! ngixigengile! oh! I have played

myself a nice trick, have got myself finely
done {e.g. by trusting a begging friend to
help herself to my ineaiie-sack, and she has
cleared out the whole lot).

i(li)-Gengce, u. (C.N.) = i(li)-Gwence.

Gengelezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Lie gapingly

open, wide open, at full face towards

one = ukuti gengenene.

Ex. indhlu ihlexi gengelexi, the hut stands

wide open (although its owner is away).

itshe waliguqula, waliti gengelexi, she

turned the grinding-stone at full face, i. e.
face upwards, .-taring towards her.

Gengenene, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be, stand,
or look full face on, wide open, openly
exposed, as a hut-door or box wide
open, or a person looking with all eyes
and ears when something exciting is
being related — ukuti gengelezi.

Ex. yabaleka, yaxa yafika kulowa-ya wmtti,
lapo yapenduka yati gengenene ngakimi, it
(the bullock) ran off until it reached that
tree, when it turned round full face at me.

isi -Gengenene, n. Person with a big full
face.

Genqe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = genqeza; also
ukuti geqe.

i(li)-Genqe, n. Thing completely finished,
at an end, as beer, snuff, etc.

Ex. sekul'igenqe nje, it is now quite fin-
ished up (as to my snuff, etc.).

Genqenqe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make a clat-
tering, rattling sound, as any light-bod-
ied rattling thing falling, e.g. a cala-
bash or tin-dish. Cp. ukuti dintsi.

Genqeza, v. Rattle about; hence, hang
dangling with a rattling sound, as a
calabash, or bottle strung up to the roof
by a piece of string — might be used of
any dangling body even without sound.

i(l i)- Genqeza, n. Anything hanging up
dangling on a string, as a calabash
strung up to the roof, or a large blad-
der-tick on a horse's body, or a trinket
hanging on a watch-chain.

Genqezisa, v. Hang up (trans.) so as to
dangle, as a person might . a calabash
(ace) on to the roof-rafters.

Genu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = genuka, ukuti
nkenu.

isi-Genu, n. A turning-back on one's path,
as a soldier performing (with ukushaya)
a 'right-about-turn' when marching.

Ex. xati uba vilapa-ya, zashaya isigenu,
tabuya, when they (the cattle) were over
there, they turned about and came back.

sambona esekude, sasesishaya isigenu, asa-
ba sisambona, we saw him while still far
away, whereupon we took a back-going path
(so as to have our backs towards him), and
we saw him no more.

Genuka (s.k.), v. Fall, or get made to fall,
over on the back, also (by comparison)
on the side, as a box or chair upsetting
backwards, or a man over the edge of
a cliff (= qetuka; comp. penuka); fall
back in a matter, give it up = nkenuka.

Ex. wapika, wagenuka, he flatly denied
it = ivotala ngomhlana.

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182

GE

Genula, v. Make fall over backwards, up-
set, as above = qetula. Comp. penula.

Geqa, v. Scrape or clear out, as one does
a snuff-box, or calabash (ace); clear oul
by purgatives (to remove the uku-fudu-
mala kwesisu), as one does a woman
(ace.) who doesn't bear properly, her
children dying, or who doesn't bear at
all = geqeza.

Phr. uti angigeqe amagula '' ngiy'emuka,
ijini'f you want me to clear out the milk-
vessels; am I then going away? (when, of
course, one would naturally have a general
cleaning out) — said to one who is pumping
.•mother = do vou think I'm going to let
out my secrets. I still having to live here?

Geqe, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Do, or be done in
entirety ; hence, be quite at an end (=
ukuti nya); be quite dry, dried up, as
ccrn, or a dead tree (= ukuti gerre);
finish off completely, make to be at an
end, or dried up (= geqeza).

i(li)-Geqe, //. i(li)-Genqe, i(li)-Qa.

isi-Geqe, //. Any partially broken or chip-
ped earthenware pot; a very old, worn-
out person; />/. izi-Geqe, food left over,
as unwanted, after cooking or eating
(== izi-Gece).

Geqe geqe, ukuti {ukuthi), v. = geqeza.

i(li)-Geqele, //. Single ringlet of hair, about
the diameter of a small bead, such as
one frequently finds fallen on to a plate
in a Kafir-served kitchen. Comp. i(li)-
Nqakadi.

Geqeza, v. Clear out completely, as snuff
(ace.) from a snuff-box; finish off en-
tirely, as a sack of mealies (ace); [dead
being absolutely out of a thing (ace.)
somebody has made a request for (see
landula); speak out an affair (ace.)
smartly, clearly ami to the point, make
a clean breast of it (= ukuti geqe geqe).

um-Geqo, //. 5. Any medicine \\^r(\ for the
purpose of uku-geqa, q.v. .

Gerre, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Be quite dry,
dried up, as corn when ripe mi the
stalk, a dead tree, or a washed garmenl
{== ukuti geqe, ukuti kehle); break with
a continuous crash (intrans.), as a
branch or stiek when broken across
( — ukuti gorro), gerrezeka; go in a
train, as people or cattle walking; cause
to break i.e. break (trans.) with a con-
tinuous crash gerreza.

i(li)-Gerre, //. i(li)-Qemfe.

i-nGerre (no plur.), u. Little egret (Hero-

dias garzetta), seen in flocks along the
ist, picking ticks from cattle. Cp.

i(li)-Landa.

isi-Gerre, n. Any form of wedding-dance

that is accompanied by clapping of hands,

and generally of a quick spirited nature

isi-Suso. Cp. um-Ocagco, isi-Qubulo,

i-nKondhlo.

Gerreza, />. = ukuti gerre.

Gerrezeka (s. k.), r. = ukuti gerre.

Geva, v. Eat any food in a raw state (such
food as should properly be cooked, as
sweet-potatoes or mealies, not fruit).

Geve, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti keve.

Geveza, v. = keveza.

Gevu gevu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yevuza.

i(li)-G§vugevu, //. Incessant gossiper, as
below.

Gevuza, v. Gossip without cessation, so
/ that another can't get a word in edge-
wise. See above.

i(li)-Gevuza, u. Mealie-cob with just-form-
ing, small, watery grains. Cp. i-Meme.

Gewula, v, Nibble, as a rat anything (ace.)
of a soft nature, as bread, cheese, boots,
or young mealies (not gnaw, as anything
hard = gedhla).

Gexezela, v. Be rickety, unsteady, as a
stake fixed unfirmly in the ground, or
a person's knees when coming down a
steep hill = xega.

um-Gexo, //. 5. String of beadwork worn
encircling the neck. Comp. um-Oaxo.

Geza, v. Wash, as the body (ace), vessels,
clothes, etc.; hence, bathe or have a
bath (as by washing the body, not fro-
licking in the water = bukudff); euphem.
used by females for 'to have the month-
ly flow or menses' (see potela) [Gr.
kluzo, I wash; Ar. ghasal, to wash; Sw.
ogesha, bathe; Ga. naza, wash].

N.B. A man commences his bath by
washing his head, then following with the
arms, and finally the body; a woman like-
wise commences with the head, but next
proceeds to the body and legs — for either
one or the other to wash like the other sex
would appeal ridiculous in Native eyes.

i(li)-Geza,//. (C.N.) = i(li)-jSeze.

i-nGeza, u. Certain herb, used as love-
charm to make oneself nice and attrac-
tive.

i(li)-Geze, //. Any nice-looking, pretty,
handsome person, young or old and of
either sex i(K)-Somololo.

P. ako 'gexe elaswela isiyinga, there's no

handsome person without some defect.

Gi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. .Make a pattering
sound with the foot, as when walking
or treading = ukuti gqi.

183

Gl

Ex. ake ngiti gi ngapandhle, just lot me
take a step outside (i.e. to run out for a
moment for the purposes of nature).
isi-Gi, //. Sound <>r a Eootstep; a footstep

lsi-( h/i.

Giba, /'. kipa.

u(lu)-Gibane, //. Certain stringed musical
reed — um-Habe; cp. isi-Tontolo.

u-Gibabanye, n. One of the first-formed
and 'crack' sections of Shaka's izi~mPo-

hlo regiment.

i-nGibaniso, //. = i-nKintsho.

um-Gibe, //. 5. String, rope, or wire stretch-
ed across from point to point, inside a
hut or outside, for hanging clothes,
etc, on.

i-nGibe, //.. String attached hinge-wise to
the lid of a Native basket to hold it on;
hence, hinge, as of a door or box.

u(lu)-Gibe, //. Snare tor trapping small
game, composed of a bent stick with
noosed string attached u(lu)-Gide, u-
m-Goga. See gwisha.

Gibela, v. Ride on the back of a tiling, as
abatakati were supposed to do on the
hack of a hyoena or baboon, or a child
being carried on a man's shoulder, or
a person riding a horse (loc.) [Her. ka-
vira, ride].

u-Gibisisila, n. Small plant (Boweia volu-
biiis), used as an i-nTelezi.

Gibugula, /'. sibukula.

Gibuguli, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti sibukuli.

Gida, v. Dance, generally, though princi-
pally of a wedding-dance, or children
dancing lor a pastime (chiefly used by
women) = sina. Comp. gcagca; gu-
ba; qubula. [Her. punda, dance; Sw.
rrtnda].

Phr. ugida ngami, you make tun of me
— as when one has made a mistake through
iguoranee.

Gidaza, v. = kifaza. ,

u(lu)-Gide, //. = u(lu)-Gibe.

GVdhla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Load a person,
or animal, or thing (ace), with a heavy
load; pile a heavy weight upon him
(whether metaphorical or real) = ukuti
gidhlabezi, ukuti kihla.

Ex. warn at i gidhla nr/ebokis/ lexintsimbi,
he loaded him heavily with a box of iron-
things.

wamuti gidhla ngendaba or ngembuxi, he
burdeued him (his father) with a grievous
affair, or loaded him with (i.e. sent him off
with the present of) a goat.

wairati gidhla umlilo, he piled up the fire
(with a heap of firewood).

Gidhlabezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti <ji-
dhla, ukuti kihla, ukuti kihlabezi.

Gidhli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. gidhlika; gi-
dhlikisa; ukuti bidhli.

Gidhlika (s.k.),v. Pall scattered abroad
by a sliding slipping motion, as a stack
of sacks giving way under excessive
top weight, or a stone-wall, or earth at
the edge of a sand-pit.

i-nGidhlingidhli, //. Any steep sloping place

where the soil is loose with sand or
small stones and tending to fall down-
wards, or make one slide downward-,
when trodden upon.

Gidi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Come to a firm
stand, as a stone rolling down or a per-
son descending a hill, when coming to
level ground ; settle down firmly, find
a firm stand, as a man's courage after
lie lias, made up his mind or become
determined. Cp. ukuti caba.

Ex. iigasetigiti <ji<li isibi/ndi, or sasesiti
gidi isibi/ndi kimi, or k casekuti gidi isibi/ndi
kimi, 1 was then firm in courage, or, courage
was then strong within me, or, it was then
si rong the courage within me.

i-nGidi, u. Firmness, fortitude, resolute
courage (see ukuti gidi); also = urn-
Gidingo; (X) trembling tear (see ukuti
gidi gidi).

Ex. uku-m-faka ingidi, to give one cour-
age, heart, to hold up against adversity or
danger.

isi-Gidi, u. Immense number, beyond cal-
culation, 'thousands'; pi. izi-Gir/igidi,
'millions' — i(li)-Tshe. Comp. avna-
Shumishumi.

um-Gidi, />. 5. - ■ um-Gidingo.

Gidi gidi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Come down
with a heavy patter, as a man's feet
when trotting down a hill ; (X) = gerfr-
zela.

i(li)-GVdigidi, n. Absurdly ridiculous or
highly comical thing, word, action, or
person, making one laugh heartily I
i(li)-Hlaya elikulu); roar of laughter,
as of many people laughing out loudly
together.

Ex. way'eti uyabashumayi ■<<, ingantibona
bay'enxa igidigidi nje, he was thinking to
preach away at them, hut the\ were just in
a roar with laughter.

Gidinga, /'. Be engaged upon (ace), occu-
pied with, lie busy with, as a magistrate
with trials (ace), a clerk with letters, a
storekeeper with buying and selling, or
a schoolboy with sums.

Ex. nigidinga imigidingu mini •■.<<nh<
intsuku esikoleni? what are you engaged

y

/

/

Gl

184

Gl

A

with, what are you doing, every day at
school ?

i-nGfdingidi, n. = um-Gidingo.

um-Gidingo, n, 5. Any business, work, or
job which forms part of one's daily oc-
cupation; one's daily works; (in a par-
tic, sense) evil or bad works or habits,
as of a young man (= imi-Kuba) =
um-Gid>, i-nGidingidi, um-Hiba.

um-Gido, 71. 5. Any ordinary wedding or
children's dance. See um-Gcagco, um-
Cwayo, isi-Gerre, i-nKondhlo, isi-Qu-
bulo, etc.

isi-Gigaba, n. Any huge, unusually big
thing, as a big leg, huge person, serious
affair, etc.

isi-Gigibala, n. Any heavy bulky thing, as
sack of mealies^ coil of fencing wire,
barrel of cement; heavy-bodied person,
bulky and short.

G'i g'i gi, ukuti (ukuthi — pronounced in a
high tone and with the last syllable pro-
longed,), v. = gigiteka.

Gi gi' gl, ukuti (ukuthi -■- pronounced in a
low tone and withf aU syllables equally
long,), v. = gigizela.

Gigiteka (Gigitheka), v. Giggle, as a lot
of boys at an old person speaking. Cp.
cwicu'iteka; gegeteka; yiyiteka.

Gigizela, v. Make the repeated pattering
of footsteps, as a person walking hea-
vily when carrying a load, or children
running about = gizazela. Cp. didizela.

i(li))-Gija, n. == i(li)-Jadu.

Gijima, v. Run, generally. Cp. hadula;
gadabula [Skr. eri, go; Ar. giri, run;
Kag. birima; Kamb. ima; Li. kimbila;
Dun. chimbila; Ze. gemka; Be. isiga].
Ex. bagijima naye, they ran along with
him i.e. drove him along.

udimde wagijima nako, she (the umngoma
or witchdoctor) just ran along with it, had it
all at her fingers-ends, related all straight
off without any hesitation.

isi-Gijimi, n. Runner, messenger = isi-
Tunywa.

Gila, v. Practise or play off (pranks (ace),
evil-practices, and the like = imxKuba)
upon a person (ace, or ace. with ela
form), as a boy might who is given to
tricks or an umTakati; fill the belly
excessively, glut, as a gluttonous eater
with food (ace).

i-nGila, n. Gizzard, as of a fowl (= i-nGi-
ngila) ; throat or Adam's-apple (= i(li)-
Gilo). [Skr. gir-a, swallowing ; Ga. bula-
go, crop; m-iro, throat].

Phr yaxanmhi mdoda ngengila, the man

shouted or screamed out with all his might
i. e. strainingly loud.
i-nGilamikuba (Gilamikhuba), n. One giv-
en to evil practices in secret, as an
um-Takati or doctor dealing in those
secret medicines designed to work ill,
an adulterer, etc.

i-nGilazi,w. Tumbler; spirits [Eng. glass];
Durban running-grass (= u-Madolwana)
[Eng. grass].

GTIe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Die suddenly, die
off quickly, without time for notice of
illness to be given = gileka.

Ex. samfumanisa es'ete gile, we found
him already dead iu no time.

Gileka (s.k.),v. = ukuti gile.

Gilela, v. Practise (pranks or evil prac-
tices = imi-Kuba) upon a person (ace).

i-nGilela, n. Very gluttonous eater, gor-
mandiser. Cp. i(li)-Govu; isi-Hamunca-
na.

Gilikiqa (s. k.), v. Make fall, or throw down,
heavily in a lump or mass, as a man
might a sack of mealies or heavy stone
(ace) ; vomit or throw up any heavy,
semi-solid mass ; bear heavily i. e. fruit
of large size, as a pumpkin-field. Cp.
ukuti dintsi; ukuti dilikici.

Ex. oka'Faku iigilikiqe isibaxa somfana,
Faku's daughter has thrown down (i. e. has
borne) a big lump of a boy.

Gilikiqeka (s.k.),v. Fall, or get made fall
heavily in a lump or mass, as a cow
slipping down heavily on its side, or a
sack of mealies or stone thrown down
by a man carrying it. Cp. ukuti dintsi;
ukuti dilikici; golokoqeka.

Gilikiqi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = gilikiqa;
gilikiqeka. Comp. ukuti golokoqo.

i(li)-Gilo, n. Adam's-apple, the throat at
that point ; also, heart, mind (= i-nTli-

\ ziyo) — the Natives supposing all those
' mental powers connected by us with
the 'heart' to take their rise in the
throat. Cp. um-Pimbo; i-nGila. [Skr.
gir-a, swallowing; Sw. um-io, throat;
Her. omu-riu, throat; Ga. m-iro, crop
of a fowl; Sa. ginibole, throat].

Ex. husho iyilo kimi, it speaks (so) in the
heart to me, or my heart tells me = kusho
intlixiyo.

Gimbici, ukuti (Gimbhici, ukuthi), v. Close
up thoroughly, as a door does the door-
way (ace = ukuti ne); close in, sur-
round, as a wire-fence a homestead (ace),
or a stone-wall a cattle-fold, or an impi
a kraal.

Gimbilita (Gimbhilita; s.t.),v. = gimbiliza.

Gl

185

Gl

GYmbiliti, ukuti (Ghnbhiliti, ukuthi), v. =
gim biliza; gimbilizeka.

Gimbiliza (Glmbhiliza), v. Gulp down,
bolt whole, in large mouthfuls or with-
out chewing, as an unpleasant medicine
(ace), or nasty food of any kind of a
semi-liquid or soft nature, as porridge
or a cooked sweet-potato = ginga; gwi-
nqa; cp. g winy a, gobolozela, ponyoza.

Gina, v. Cut, chop, or lop off short; short-
en by cutting off a portion, as a man's
arm (ace), stick, etc. Cp. nquma; u-
Ngini.

Ginga, v. Bolt whole, gulp down, as an
unchewed mass of anything (ace), solid
or liquid, or in a large mouthfuls; gulp
down or greedily take possession of, as
the property (ace) rightfully or partly
belonging to another = gimbiliza; gwi-
nja. [Lat. gurgito, I swallow; Her. nina,
gulp].

isi-Gingiboya or Gingaboya, n. = u-Mala-

hlwanoboya.
i-nGingila, n. = i-nGila.
Gingqa, v. — ginqa.
Gingqeka (s. k.), v. = ginqeka.
Gi'ngqi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ginqi.
i-nGingqi, n. = i-n Ginqi.
Gingqika (s. k.), v. = ginqika.
Gingqilika (s.k.),v. = ginqilika.
um-Gingqiliza, n. 5. = um-Ginqiliza.

um-Gingqo, n. 5. Thick rope of beadwork
worn round the neck or loins (N) =
um-Bijo.

u-Gingqwayo, n. = u-Ginqivayo.

u(lu)-Gingxi, n. = u(lu)-Ginxi.

isi-Gingxoya, n. = u-Nogingintlola.

GTni, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gina.

Ginika (s.k.),v. = gineka.

Gininda, v. = gina.

u-Ginindela, n. Grenadilla [Eng.].

Ginindi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gini.

Ginqa, v. Roll (trans.), make roll, as a boy

/f a garden-roller (ace) or stone (== tenda) ;
be damp, moist, as earth (nom.) where
water has been spilt, or corn at the bot-
tom of a pit (gen. in perf. = mate);
swallow whole, bolt, as a pill (ace =
ginga) [Sw. fingirisha, roll].

Ex. uku-xi-ginqa, to roll itself, as a horse
= uku-%i-tenda.

isi-Ginqane, n. Large number of bulky
things scattered about ail over the place,
as dead cattle, pumpkins growing nu-
merously in a field, potatoes thrown
disorderly about the floor.

Ginqeka (s.k.),v. Get rolled; roll along
(intrans.), as a garden-roller when pull-
ed or a grass-bangle when slipped up
the arm; be continuously down with
sickness, as a person with some chronic
disease; sit continually idle, 'laze about',
as a woman in a hut' or field; gel roll-
ed down the throat i.e. swallowed or
bolted whole, as a pill ginqika; /<■„,/,■-
ka.

Ginqekisa (s.k.),v. = ginqa.

Ginqi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ginqa; ginqeka.

i(li), or i-nGinqi,w. A thine cast away, as
of no further value or use; person chro-
nically or incurably sick, no longer of
redemption = 1-mBuqa, um-Buku. Cp.
%-nKapane; i-mVaba.

Ginqika (s.k.),v. = ginqeka.
Ginqikisa (s.k.),v. = ginqa.
Ginqilika (s.k.),v. = ginqeka.
um-Ginqiliza, or Ginqilizi, n. 5. Any very

steep descent, e. g. of 45 deg. or more =

um-Tezuka.

Ginqisa, v. Make to roll, as a master might
cause his boy (ace) to roll the roller
(ace).

um-Ginqo, n. 5. = uni-Gingqo.

u-Ginqwayo, n. Any article for common,
or every-body's use, rolled about from
one to the other, as a girl of loose mor-
als, going with everybody, or snuff sent
surreptitiously by a young man to his
sweetheart, which snuff becomes the
common property of all the females in
the kraal (= i-Shungu-las'emzini).

Gintsa (s.t.), v. = gwintsa.

G'intsho, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. = gintshoza.

Gintshoza (s. t.), v. = cikoza.

u(lu)-Ginxi, n. Any conspicuously narrow
'neck or waist' connecting two more
bulky parts, as the abdominal stalk of
a wrasp, a very narrow neck between the
body and head of a calabash, or the
drawn-in waist of a sack of mealies when
tied round the centre so as to form two
'hanging bundles; any thing of this for-
mation i. e. consisting of two bulky parts
connected by a narrow neck, as a wasp,
or calabash above.

isi-Ginxoya, n. = u-Nogingantlola.

isi-Gisi (Glisi),n. Deep, low-lying hole of
a place, as a deep valley surrounded by
high hills = isi-Kumbuzi.

Gixa, /-. Break up new soil, with the hoe
or plough = qata.

um-Gixo, n. 5. = um-Qato.

Giya, v. Rush out alone from the ranks
and leap wildly about, brandishing one's

Gl

-dealing slaughter
imaginary foe, as

braves do at the
to recall applause

something

child
so as not
others. Cp.

given
wildly

to a
see

gizazela.

/

assegai and shield, or

light and left on an

young men and old

wedding-dance, as if

for former prowess; hence, leap for joy,

as a woman does when some unusual

good-fortune lias befallen her.
i-nGiyazana, //. An eating alone, in a good

or had sense (with iikti-dhla), as when

a person takes a snack of

privately in between meals, or a

eating its food by itself

to have to share il with

i-nTshwaumzo.
isi-Giyo, a. Name of praise

young-man when dancing

giya.
Giza giza, ukuti (ukuthi), v
Gizazela, r. gigizela.

Goba, v. Bend (intrans.), as a stick; lie
bent, or curved, as a bow (used in pert'.);
be bent or softened, as an angry or
stubborn heart; relax oneself, take relax-
ation or a little rest, as a man after
working or walking hard; bend oneself,
or lie bowed down, as a person when
stooping looking at something on the
ground; retire from view, as a bride
sitting covered in the hut (= goya

.. used in pert.) [Ar. gobbah, a vault;
Her. kota, curve eomp. Z. kotama,
bend down]. GoTWp.geba; kotama; toba.

Kx. ngisagob'amadolo, I am just relaxing
my knees as might be said by a traveller
sitting for a moment by the roadside.

basagobih (abesibaloj, they ml' the road-
party) an- just taking a rest.
Goba (Gobha), v. Take out a la rue or
major portion of anything contained in
a vessel, as water cue.) or beer from
a barrel, or grain from a basket; pass
blood (are.) excessively, as a female at
the monthly period; relate an affair
(ace.) or uive information only partially,
superficially, not bringing out the whole
of it gwaba,

i-nGobamakosi < Gobamakhosi collect.^ ".
Member of the first regiment formed
by Cetshwayo, and following next after
the u(lu)-Kandeinpemvu of Mpande.

i-nGobamsundulo, //. One who goes with
the head habitually bent down or for-
ward.

u(lu)-Gobandhlovu, //. Certain tree (Seca-
mone Gerrardi), growing about Tonga-
land and said to cause a fatal kidney
disease; gravel, or stone from the bo-
dily contortions caused by the pain (sup-
posed by the Natives to be caused by the
above medicine, or by unlawful connec-

186 GO

tion with a female; hence called also
u(lu)-Jovetfa).

isi-Gobe (Gobhe), u. Deep-set or sunken eye
i-nKolombela, i(li)-Hobela, um-Holo.

u(lu)-Gobe, u. Secret compact or complot
of a few persons together to kill another
(with i-nzela)- Cp. u(lu)-Zungu.

i(li)-Gobela, //. Arch, in building (M.).

Gobelana, r. Impend over one another,
i. e. be ready to fall upon or attack one
another, as two hostile armies.

Gobezela, v. Bend slightly anything (ace.),
as a wattle by a slight suppling pres-
sure about the middle. Cp. tobezela.

Gobo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = goboza.

Gobo, ukuti (Gbbho, ukuthi), v. = gobhoza.

u-Gobo, it. Name given jocularly to one
of the Durban Native Police.

u-Gobo (GobhoJ, u. Certain flowering
plant (Gunnera perpeyisa), whose long
juicy stalk is eaten and whose roots are
mixed with isi-Dwa for expelling the
placenta in man and beast = u-Rrenya.
See i(U)-Nembe.

i-nGobo (Goobo), »■ Second or honey-comb
stomach of cattle (= is-Andhlwana; cp.
u(lu)-Sti); (C.N.) mealie-erib (= i-nQo-
lobana, i-nGoma) [Mbu. u-jobo, hut;
Nyamb. njo; Ru. nzibo; Reg. msoso;
Ma. engaji; Hinz. dago; Gu. usesse].

isi-Gobo, //. Thorny shrub, used for
torches (C. N.).

um-Gobo, a. 5. Certain cattle disease along
the coast causing emaciation and cur-
vature of the spine; the stick of a shield
when fitted at the extremity with an
a m-Silo or tuft of twisted skin; young
edible plant of wild asparagus (C.N.);
name of another bush-plant (C.N.).

N.B. Specific for above-mentioned cattle-
disease: — Take the tail of an i-nTsimba
(kind of genet), hum it to ash. give the
beast to drink, and recovery is assured!

i-nGoboco (Gobhoco), n. um-Hlahlo ; also
isi-Kopoco.

Goboda, /'. Stand out drooping over at the
side, as the flower of maize when form-
ing or a big ill-formed ear — qobodrt.

Gobodisa, v. Have such an ear, flower, etc.,
falling over or drooping to one side, as
the maize or person above (used in
perf.) = qobodisa.

i(li)-Gobolondo, u. Outer case or shell of
anything, as of an egg, snail, ground-
nut, dry bean-pod, etc. — i(li)-Qobo-
londo; cp- i(li)-Gobosi [Bo. gobela, egg-
shell; Sw. konokono, sea-shell].

i(li)-Gobongo, it. Hollow place or thing, an

GO

empty body, as a calabash with the in-
side extracted, a tree eaten out internally
by ants, hollow place beneath tin; ground,
or an empty egg-shell (comp. i(lt)'Qobo-
londo); wide-mouthed calabash, from the
head having been knocked off, used for
utshwala (= i(li)-Qaga). Comp. i(li)-Oo'
bosi [Her, otyi-kongo, egg-shell; Sw.
kombe, sea-shell; Ga. sot/fro, sea-shell].

isi-Gobongo, )i. Wide-mouthed calabash for
water.

i(li)-Goboqo (Gobhoqo), n. isi-Kopoco.

i-nGoboqo (Gobhoqo), n. Any deeply scoop-
ed-out thing, as a spoon, or i-nDebe, or
the face of a person with flat nose and
deep-sunken eyes (—isi-Kopoco).

u(lu)-Goboqo (Gobhoqo), //. = u(lu)Gobozi.

i(li)-Gobosi, ,t. Empty outer-covering or

sac (only used when baggy and empty),
as of a blister or boil or using a pod
whose contents have been discharged ;
hence, any light, baggy thing without
contents; bulge or uneven prominence,
formed in an isi-dwaba by the insertion
of a strip of skin too narrow for the
place, or in a hut when the frame-sticks
are not made to curve evenly. Cp. u(ln)-
Gobozi.

Goboya, v. Strike away at with force, peg
away at, as at a stone (ace.) with a pick
when wishing to get it out of the ground,
or at the soil (ace.) when hoeing in a
hard place.

Goboza, /-. Wave up and down, as a long
bundle of grass carried on the head ;
undulate, as long grass when a strong

^wind passes over it— yenda. bekesela,
bokozela, gebezela, jokozela.

Goboza (Gobhoza), r. Flow, as water in
a ditch or river (commonly used as
opposite to 'stagnant' uku-ma); move
briskly along in a long train, as a string
of cattle making for a corn-field. Cp.
mpompoza.

Ex. lo'mfirfu agoboxela ngapi? in which
direction does this river How?

Gobozela, v. Go waving up and down, as
a long bundle of grass when carried;
go with a bobbing gait, as a tall person
with weak, springing knees. See above.

Gobozela (Gobhozela), r. Drink off greed-
ily in large mouthful s, just letting it flow
unimpeded down, as a man drinking
beer.

u(lu)-Gobozi (Gobhozi), //. Empty body-
case of anything {I.e. skeleton, she'll,
etc.) left after the contents have been
extracted, as the still intact skeleton of
an animal on the veldt after the entrails

empty

person
h that
always

187 GO

have been devoured, or the body of a
headless calabash, or the shell' of an
i(li)-Hlahi, q. v.; any empty case-like
thing being nothing but an outward shell,
as a hollow ant-eaten tree, or
coffee-tin (comp. i(li)-Gobo8t)\
with a small straight stomac
never bulges out even when full,
hanging empty, as it were.

isi-Goco, n. = isi-Hlava.

Goda or Godela, v. ukuti <j<><lc.

i(li)-G6da (Gooda), />. Thick cord or rope,
made of plaited grass or palm-leaf
i(li)-Joka [Her. o-ngoze, rope].

Gode, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Tie very tightly,
as the string (ace.) round a parcel (ace.)
or post; hold tightly or firmly enclosed,
as the string a parcel (ace.) or the
already stiffened fingers of a dead man
anything in the hand; finish completely,
as any work (ace. ukuti gudu) go-
da; cp. qolonqa.

i(li)-Gbde (Goode), //. Variety of sweet-po-
tato, having a large leaf* and bearing
well i-Qandalenkuku.

Godhla, v. Keep back, reserve, as food
(ace.) for any particular purpose; sup-
press, as information or a point of evi-
dence.

Phr. uku-godhlela inkonya.ua, to retain lor

the calf said of a cow that hold- hack
its milk from the milker.

uku-godhla Uihlangn, to earn the shield
under the arm.

impi igodhlou izimpondo, the armj has
turned back one of its Hanks while the' other
goes forward.

i(li)-Godhla, //. Bullock with one of its
horns •concealed away', as it were, i.e.
away from the other one, and whether
round before the lace or away behind
the head. Cp. i(li)-Nxele; isi-Yeke; i(li)-
Toba.

isi-Godhlo, h. Upper or reserved part of
a royal kraal, kept strictly private.

N.B. Upon entering the Zulu kiu^'s
kraal by the lower entrance, one found him-
self amidst numerous rows of huts, inhabited
by soldiers, menials and irinceku, and known
collectively as ex,i-Gabeni. They surrounded
a large cattle-fold in the middle. Passing
beyond the exi-Gabeni hut-. >^\<- came to a
fence, through which he passed, and found
himself in the isiGodhlo or reserve. Up at
the further end of the isiGodhlo, lived the
Kind's wives, each in her own hut. and tbe
adult girls of the um-Ndhhmkulu q. v., also
in their own separate huts, each hutful
being called by a name proper to the in-
mate- alone (see i-Duka, i-Qwagi, i-Tontsi,

GO

1

ete.i, arid every hut separated from the other
by a fence surrounding it. This was the
isiGodhlo esimnyama or black reserve, to
trespass within the precincts of which was
a capital offence. On the lower ends of this
isiGodhlo esimnyama, stood, ou the one side.
the huts of the abantwana benkosi [i.e. the
male and female children born of the Zulu
king) aud named, collectively with tin ir huts,
as the im-Voko; and ou the other, the huts
of the younger girls of the um-Ndhlunkulu.
This lower portion of the isiGodhlo was
known as the isiGodhlo esimhlope i. c. the
white (or less important) reserve.

um-Godhlo, u. 5. Native spoon-bag woven
with grass or palm-straw = is-Ampo-
ii tsh c. is- A mpompo.

Godhlo godhlo, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = godhlo-
zehi.

u(lu)-Godhlolo, ii. Lanky, thin-bodied per-
son: sharp-pointed, prominent nose, as
of a European.

Godhlozela, v. Make a rough rumbling
sound, as a dry skin when dragged a-
Iong tho ground, a wagon in the dis-
tance, or a Native grinding-stone when
being used. Cp. gedhlezela.

i(li)-Godi, n. Grave-hole, before the inter-
ment (cp. i(li)-Liba); any hole, not as
large as a pit, dug in the ground (sel-
dom used).

P. awumbiwa 'godini linye, it (medicine)
is not dug from only one hole = two can
play at that game (of takatamg).

• i-nGodi,w. Cavernous, hollow place, as in
between large rocks, or beneath a pre-
cipice (used also of coal-mines). Cp.
um-Gede.
isi-Godi, n. Dale, broad flatfish valley
with hills surrounding (cp. isi-Hosha) ;
small earth-hole, such as might be left
by an ant-bear on the veldt (cp. isi-Sele;
inn-Godi; um-Holo).

um-Godi, n. 5. Hole, of considerable size
excavated in the soil, pit, as made by
an ant-bear or in the kraal for storing
i in in (not a perforation as through
;i bead or wall = i-mBobo). Cp. isi-
Godi, um-Holo, isi-Ji [Skr. kupa-s pit;
Her. o-ndovi, hole].

u-Godide, n. Small veldt-plant (Jatropha
hirsuta) whose bulbous root is used
medicinally for an umKuhlane.

i-nGodo, n, = i-mFene.

isi-Godo, //. Tree stump, still standing in
the ground; small, stumpy log of wood,
lying on the ground; a beast presented
by the bride's people to the bridegroom's
]>(■<>]>]<' on the day of the wedding and

88 GO

supposed to be slaughtered at or soon
after the marriage (eyokukulekela uku-
zala = um-Beka) — it is usually accom-
panied by two other beasts, * not for
slaughtering, the inKabi neshoba layo
or icsivazi Iwayo, and all three cattle
are known as the i-mBeka; applied also
familiarly to one's son-in-law from whom
the mothers-in-law knock out bits of
assistance (see quzula) whenever they
get the chance.

um-Godo, n. 5. Excrements of a roll shape,
as of human beings, or a dog. Comp.
um-Gamu, i(li)-Dede, um-Pulu, u(lu)-
Hudo, i-iiGqata.

u(lu)-Godo, n. Large log of wood; trunk
or long stump of a tree standing or
lying dry; body already stiff, as of a
dead man.

Godola, v. Be cold, chilled with cold, as
a child insufficiently clothed (only used
of the body). Comp. qanda.

ama-Godolo!o (no sing.),n. = ama-Godo-
lozi; (C. N.) = ama-Ngozololo.

Godoloza, v. Do or make any thing or
any work in a bad, faulty, unskilful
manner, as a mat, hut, pottery, etc.

ama-Godolozi (no sing.), n. Anything, as
mat, pottery, hut, etc., made in a bad
faulty, unskilful manner ; hence, any
unbeautiful looking, inartistic, ugly -look-
ing thing, as a girl or beast = ama-
Godololo, ama-Godoviya.

ama-Godoviya, n. = ama-Godolozi.

um-Godoyi, n. 5. Any vagabond dog, be-
come wild, wandering about away from
home thieving and the like; (C.N.) fa-
bulous dog or wehr-wolf, said to devour
inen.

Ex. hlaba umgodoyi! stick the cur (with
an assegai) — shouted to a howling dog to
quieten it (see um-Kulungivane).

Goduka (s.k.),v. Go home; die of senile
decajr, only used of very old people
(of such the word uku-fa is not properly
used — see enda) [Her. yartika].

Godusa, v. Make to go, or send, home;
(C.N.) applied to the returning or escort-
ing home of a girl who has run off to
her sweetheart (see baleka; enda).

i-nGoduso, n. Betrothed girl, who has re-
turned home again, after her run-away
visit to her sweetheart, to await the
payment of lobola and subsequent wed-
ding (C. N.).

i-nGofoza, n. see i-Ngofoza.

Goga, v. Prevent effectively or forcibly,
obstruct a person (ace.) from doing
something, as an impi might further

GO

189

GO

progress of their opponents, or a strong
prohibition the felling of trees by Na-
tives, or chronic disease a person from
getting about.

isi-Goga,w. Person forcibly prevented from
doing something, as one prevented, by a
broken limb or chronic disease from
getting about.

um-Goga, n. 5. = u(lu)-Gibe.

Gogeka (s.k.), v. Get obstructed, hindered,
etc., as a person from doing something,
water from passing through a choked
drain, or a wheel from turning when
clogged by dirt.

i(li)-Gogo, n. Klipspringer, a small kind
of buck {Oreotragus saltatrix).

um-Gogo, n. 5. = u(lu)-Gogo.

u(lu)-Gogo, n. Any dried or shrivelled-up
thing as a person emaciated from con-
sumption, a dry hide, dried-up carcase
or skeleton on the veldt.

Gogobala, v. Be hidden peacefully, safely
away, out of sight, danger, away from
noise, etc., as one living in quiet retire-
ment, resting in the hut away from the
sun-heat (used in perf.) = gozobala.

Gogobeza, v. Put or hide peacefully or
safely away, as above, as when concealing
a person or thing (ace.) not to be seen.

Gogoda, v. Scrape out clean or completely,
to the last scrap, with a ladle or indebe
(not with the hand = kota), as one might
the water (ace), beer, porridge, or rice
in a pot = gwebeda, hwebeda; cp. hwa-
ya, pala.

P. akuko 'intuitu ok'agogode, there is no-one
who ever scraped (a pot) cleau out 'some-
thing, however little, will always remain) —
might be said of an wmtakati gradually
getting rid of a family, when some one or
other is sure to escape to take revenge.

um-Gogodhla, n. 5. Back-bone (= um-Hla-

ndkla); also = u(lu)-Oogo [Sw\ Go. Ya.

etc. mgongo, back; Bo. Ngu. Heh. etc.

mu-gongo.].
i(li)-Gogodwane, n. Common house-frog.

Cp. i(li)-Sele.
Go go go, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gogoza.

Gogololo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gozo-
lolo.

Gogosa, v. Conceal suddenly or put quick-
ly away out of sight, from fear of its
/being seen, as a thief might a stolen article
(ace.) under his coat, or as one might li-
quor when a stranger suddenly enters;
go off with a thing (with na) 'concealed '
about the person i.e. having pocketed
or stolen it = guguba, gugula, gugusa.

Gogoza or Gogozela, r. Make a rumbling
noise, as the bowels when empty, from
flatulence, etc. (not the 'watery' rumbling /
of diarrhoea sec xuxusela), or some-
times as distant thunder (= ndindiza).

Goja, v. Finish off sharply, at one go, ae
when drinking off medicine (ace.) at a
single draught = ukuti goje.

Goje, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Boh down, go sud-
denly down out of sight, as in the
water, long grass, or over the brow of
a hill; also sometimes, go out of sight
round a corner, as round a house (=
ukuti gontshi; cp. ukuti gwinji); finish
off 'at a go', put away in no time, as
when drinking medicine (ace.) or wine
off at a draught (= ukuti minyi), or a
dog killing a small animal, or a man fin-
ishing off a certain unpleasant stretch
of country on a journey.

i(li)-Gojela, n. Long tail-feather (of which
there are usually twro) of cock, sakabul%
etc., used as head ornament = um-Oo-
mba, i(li)-Gubela, i(li)-Jomela.

u(lu)-G6jogojo, n. Anything unusually long
or high, as a very long sleeping-mat, a
very tall man, or conspicuously high tree.

Gola (Goola),v. Clutch hold of, as any- \.
thing (ace.) that requires sharp sudden
catching, as a grasshopper, or a fowd
when clutched up by a hawk.

i(li)-Gola (Goola), n. Wild cat, i.e. one
that has abandoned home-life for that
in the bush = i-mBodhhi.

i-nGola, n. Kind of earth-mouse, having
tusks, a bushy tail and a hissing cry.

: isi-Gola, n. Flower of the pumpkin (= isi-
Gwe) ; person of excitable violent temper;
young person rejected by the other sex.

u(lu)-Goia (Goola), n. Young man or girl of
unrestrained sexual passion, a prostitute,
given to 'catching' (see gola) those of
the other sex; gonorrhoea, or gleet, con-
tracted by a man from such a prostitute.

i(li)-Go!i, n. Name applied to several kinds
of body-ornaments imported from Johan-
esburg (called by Zulus e-Ooli, from
Eng. gold), as e.g. certain large beads
used as necklace, ubu-senga or brass-
wire bangles for arm or leg having
small brass beads at intervals along the
wire. (T).

Golo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = goloza.

i(li)-Golo, u. Any of the abdominal aper-
tures i.e. the vulva, etc. of the female,
am! the utiiix of the male (not used of
the penis). [The name was orginally no
doubt applied only to the female organ,
to which, in the ease of females, it is

GO

190

GO

even still confined (see i-nGquza) - Kag.
Itum. ki-c/nfe, girl; Gan. chi-gole,
girl; Kon. m-goli, female; Kam. chi-gole,
female : Tu. wa-goligoli, woman].

um-Golo, n. ■'>. Greediness, as of a child
wanting the whole of a good thing, or

eating it alone.

isi-Golodwane, //. Blazing hot sun isi-

Gonogono selanga, isi-lfgengenge.
u-Gologo, a. Spirits (T.) [Eng. grog].

i(li)-Gologodo. //. i(li)-Zanenkande, but
generally used <>\' males only.

Golokoqa (s.k.)v. Throw sprawling down
or on on.-'s side, as one man might
another (ace.) when fighting with him
(women falling generally heavily in a
heap, the word ukuti buntsu, or dintsi,
is usually applied to them); (C.N.) turn
a summersault. Comp. giligiqa.

Golokoqeka (s.k.),v. Get thrown spraw-
ling, or on one's side, as above

G6lokoqo. ukuti, (ukuthi; s.k.),v. golo-
koqa; golokoqeka. Cp. ukuti badalala;
ukuti babalala.

u(lu)-Golokoqo (s.k.),n. Enormously large,
immense thing, whether actually or com-
paratively used to express surpriseor
admiration with the genitive of almost
any noun, as man, river, field, sack, etc.

Ex. ttgolokoqo hvatni lukahnpondo, my

. fortune oi a pound.

Golokoxa or Golokoxela (s. k.), r. ukuti

golokoxo.
i-nGolokoxi (s.k.),n. Deep pit-like place

enclosed between abrupt perpendicular

-ides, as a chasm, river-gorge, some

dongas, etc.

Golokoxo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), r. Pour out
"i- into bodily, as a whole pot of beer
into one's stomach, etc. Cp. ukuti wo-
fokohlo.

Golomba (Golombha), r. Induce a person
face) by inciting, encouraging, winking
at. etc., as a boy to fight, a sulky child
to speak, etc. Cp. yenga; qala; duda.

i-nGolovane, //. Trolley or small truck, as
used in mines or by railroad gangs
[? Eng.].

Goloza, ?>. Open oul wide, staringly, as
the eyes, or an indecenl female the pu-
denda; be fiercely out, bakingly a-glow,
a very hoi sun galaza; gqoloza.

Cp. ukuti njo; ukuti at I a.

Golozela, /'. Open the eyes (used of these
latter alone see galazela) widely at,
-tare at a person (ace.) jolozela. Cp.
jama.

ama-Golwane (no *iuy.j, u. fit of chil-

liness, said to follow excessive drinking
of Native beer. Cp. u(lu)-Quqo.

Goma, /'. gomela; also (C.N.) = gqir

las ha.

i-nGoma (Gooma), u. Certain class of
royal dance-song performed at the great
feast (um-Kosi) of the Zulu king and
refrained from among the people at
other times [Ga. Sw. Bo. ngoma, drum,
tune; MZT. in-goma, drum; Her. o-ngo-
ma, drum].

i-nGoma, //. Crib or grass-hut used for
storing grain word only used rarely
and in certain localities <= i-nQolobana ;
cp. i(li)-Zele) ; Native snuff box (= i(li)-
S/iuui/u).

Phr. ir'rii.n ingoma ka'Mabuyaxe, he built
the food-crib of Mr. Come-back-empty — ap-
plied to a person who has been on a fruit-
less errand, thinking to come back with
something to put in his store, but getting
nothing.

o'ngotna us'ebmituiui, he whose food-cribs
are out among other people — applied to a
person too lazy to provide himself with snuff
or food ami consequently living by begging
from others.

u(lu)-G6ma (Gooma), u. Steeply ascending
ridge, as up to a mountain-top, with
slopes falling abruptly on each side.

i-nGomane, u. Tremendous uproar or din,
as of a great crowd in conflict or as
made by a whole army beating and
rattling their shields together; great,
awe-inspiring mass of flame, conflagra-
tion, as of a kraal burning under a
strong wind.

Ex. kwasekuMangeru ingomaue, it was then
all united in one tremendous blaze.

s'exwa kuduma ingomane ka'Ndabatnbi, we
beard it thundering a great tumult at Nda-
bambi's.

um-Gomba (Gombha), u. 6. i(li)-Gojela.

Gombokoqa (Gombhokoqa), >'. Turn up-
side-down, as an imbenge (ace.) over a
pot of food, or a pot on its mouth =
gombeqa, gumbuqa, gubuda, yomonqu.

G6mbokoqo, ukuti (Gombhokoqo, ukuthi), v.
Turn upside-down ( gombokoqa); get

turned upside-down, as above ( gom-
bokoqeka) - ukuti gumbuqu.

Gombolokoqa (Gombholokoqa), r. Make
l<> fall, throw, over on the face; turn up-
side down, as a pot (ace), wagon, etc.;
turn round roughly upon one (ace.) with
words, just take him and turn him up-
side down, instead of replying politely,
etc.; just take and turn upside down the
beer-pot i.e. drink the whole thing off,

GO 19

instead of taking moderately = gombo-
loqa, gomboqa, etc.

Gombolokoqeka (Gombholokoqeka), v. Gel
made to fall, get thrown over on the
face, or upside down, as above.

G6mbolokoqo, ukuti (Gombholokoqo, uku-
thi),v. - gombolokoqa; gombolokoqeka.

Gomboloqa (GombhaltH/a), v. gombolo-
koqa; (C.N) extract, as ear-wax or ;i

matter.

G6mboloqo, ukuti (Gombholoqo, ukuthi), />.

— ukuti gombolokoqo.
Gomboqa (Gombhoqa), v. gombolokoqa.

Gomboqanisa (Gombhoqanisa), v. Turn

the voice (izwi) upside down i.e. speak
with a deep, hollow voice.

Gomboqo, ukuti (Gomblioqo, ukuthi), v.
ukuti gombolokoqo.

i-nGomboqo (Gombhoqo), n. <<'. X.)
i-nGoboqo.

u(lu)-Gomboqo or Gomboqoko (Gombhoqo;

s.k.), n. (C. X.) = u(lu)-Goboqo.
u-Gombotshe or Gombotsheni (Gombho-

tshe), u. um-Nqolo.

Gomela, r. Stick hist to (metaphor.), do
with a firm, positive adherence to, as a
person holding on to the beer-po1 (with

/ kit) i.e. drinking deeply, instead of pass-
ing it round, or a person asserting in
an unchanged firm manner ( gamela).
Ex. ugomelisa okwesibawu, you stick (to
the beer-pot) like a gad-fly.

mafunga, wago-mela, he swore positively or
with firmness.

i-nGomela, n. i-nGqinisela; (C. N.) plur.
izi-nGomela, cry, tumult, as of many
people at a feast or battle.

u(lu)-Gomela (Goomela), n. Semi-circle or
bow formed by men sitting trying a
case, dancing, etc. (used with shaya)
u(ht)-Diwo; cp. um-Kumbi.

i-nGomelo, //. An unpleasant, serious mat-
ter or action.

um-Gomeni, //. 5. Species of small bean,
grown in Swaziland chiefly.

Gomfa, /'. Be, or do anything, in a stoop-
ing posture, stoop over some work, as
writing, when sitting mat-making, or
straining beer; be bent (= qota), from
old age; (gen. used in pert'. not used
of a sudden stoop down ukvrkotama as
to pick something up) komfa, qomfa.

um-Gomo, u. 5. True facts, real truth, of
an affair (= i-nGqinisela, i-nGomela);
a law by custom, strict custom not to
be transgressed; main thing or point
aimed at, as to get in first in a race

1 GO

(not the object run for), or to make up
the lobola cattle (nol the girl to be
bought by them); sometimes, though
rarely, used adverbially to express 'a
fact! truly! assuredly' i i-Qiniso, im-
pela) [Sw. fei-komo, goal; Her. nongiia,
to aim at].

Ex. ukugquka ix/inguba iij'afu, tunyoiuo out-
lculii loko emakohveni, to wear clothes con-
stantly, that is an inviolable custom among
< Jhristians.

u-Gomolupondo (Gomoluphondo), n. u-
Gomonqo.

i(li)-Gomonco, u. Person with the head
high at the crown and low over the fore-
head mostly applied to ama-Kehla or
ring-men, the peculiarity then being
more conspicuous from the ring seem-
ing to slant down over the eyes. Cp.
i(li)-Kobongo.

Gomonqa, v. gombokoqa.

Gomonqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti go-

mboqo.

u-Gomcnqo, u. Posture of standing on

one's head and falling over on one's
back as performed by children playing,
a summersault (used with enza) u-
Gomolupondo, u-Ngqimpotwe.

i(li)-Gomonqo, //. Large kind of bat
i(li)-Bekezantsi.

Gomoshela, v. = gomolela.

Gomotela ( Gomothela), v. I><» firmly : hence,
be fiist or firmly fixed, as a nail, a stake
in the ground, or a dog's teeth in the
flesh (with Loc. or ku) when biting; make
fast, make be firmly fixed, as a man a
nail (ace), stake, a dog when biting firm-
ly, or a man when holding firmly to
his stick gomoshela, gamatela, ukuti
ngo.

Ex. ulukti egomutela lelo'zivi (or eyomotela
kulo lelo'xtvi), he keeps fast to thai word,
persist- firmly in it.

Gona, v. Hold in the arms close to the
breast, embrace, hue, ;ls one might a
child (ace.) singata [Bo. m-goni,

adulterer; Her. oku-igoneka, to be-
friend].

Gonca, /•. 'lake one 'winding about', as
by one's crafty talk or cunning move-
ments goncizisa.

Gonci, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Go winding about)
as a river or path, or a person in his
cunning talk <>?• sly movements; make
so t<> go ukuti zombe.

ubu-Gonci, //. Deceptive talk or move-
ments, as above; such deception.

Gonciza. r. Make go winding about, as
above zombeza.

GO

192

GO

isi-Gondwane,». = isi- Gouts wane.

Gongo, ukuti (ukutht), v. Get drawn to-
gether or up, as the limbs by muscular
contraction in certain diseases or death ;
draw in or up the limbs (ace), as before;
huddle oneself up by drawing the legs
close up to the body; draw back, 'draw
in the horns', as when suddenly con-
fronted by a snake on the path (= uku-
ti qikili) — gonqobala; gongobalisa.

ama-Gongo, >/. (X.) = ama-Ngqeshane.

i-nGongo (Goongo),n. = UnGongolozi.

Gongobala, v. Be in a contracted, huddled
up, 'drawn closely together' state, as a
dead man or one afflicted with certain
diseases, or merely lying huddled to-
gether (used in perf.) = ukuti gongo.

Gongobalisa, y. Cause anything (ace.) to
be in such a state.

u(lu)-Gongolo, )>. Any long, large log of
wood, or post; tall, stiff-bodied, muscular
man; dead person already stiff [Sw.
gogo, log; Chw. lo-gong; Her. otyi-
hongera, block].

Gongoloza (Goongoloza), v. Do anything
in vain, fruitlessly, without any result-
ing effect, as when doctoring a person
without any results, planting a vegetable
that is unsuitable to the climate and will
not grow, or when expecting a person
who never arrives = gunguluza; cp.
ukuti gwangwalazi.

u-nGongolozi, n. — see u-Ngongolozi.

i-nGdngolozi (Goongolozi), n. Thing vain- ,
ly attempted, expected, desired, etc.;
thing that will not happen; unhappen-
able, unattainable, impossible thing.

i-nGongomba (Gongombha), n. Ox with
long horns twisted towards the end.
Cp. i-nGoqela.

i-nGongoni, n. = i-nKonkoni.

i(h)-Gongosi, n. Large brown ant (C.N.).

Gongota (Gongotha), v. = qobola.

isi-Gongoto (Gongotho), n. = isi-Qobolo.

i(li)-Goni, ». The originally planted seed-
tuber of dumbis, potatoes, and the like,
from which, in the former, the isi-Deku
and whole plant grows.

i-nGoni,?7. Seed-panicle of um-Singizane
iss; (C.N.) filament of mealies (= i-
nKosa).

i-nG6ni (Gooni), //. An angle, corner, or
sharply bended formation (when the
straight line turns back acutely upon it-
Belf), ms of a wall at the corner of a
room, :i -liar]) elbow-like bend in a river,
irnQubU) i-nUosi, isi-Kumbnzi.
Cp. i(li)-Gumbi; i-nTsonge; i(li)-Pimbo-

lo [Gr. gonia, angle; Her o-ngorio,
bend of river; Sw. ki-gosho, bend; Bo.
ngomo, bend].

isi-Gdnigoni, n. = isi-Qopamuti.

izi-nG5ningoni (Gooningooni), n. The ins
and outs, the intricate details, or pe-
culiarities, as of an affair, or a foreign
language.

Gongqoloza, v. = gonqoloza.

um-Gongqolozi, n. 5. — um-Gonqolozi.

i-nGono, n. Nipple of the breast, in male
or female ; small head at the top of a
gourd, the eating of which while the
plant is young, is supposed to make one
an i(li)-Dhliiva; short stalk by which a
pumpkin hangs to the mother-stem.

isi-Gonogono, (Goonogoono), n. Ear-wax
(= isi-Kolokoto); the small red flesh at
the inner corner of the eye; blazing hot
sun (= isi-Golodwane, isi-Ngengenge).

i(li)-Gonondo, n. Rump or part at the end
of the backbone (just above the buttocks)
in human beings — almost only used as
below.

Ex. ulcit-hlala ngerjonondo, to sit with knees
erect and reclining, rolled back, as it were
far up on the buttocks.

u(lu)-Gonoti (Gonothi), n. Species of cane
or osier-like forest climber {Flagellaria
Indica), used by Natives for making
hut-doors (cp. u-Mazivenda) ; (N.) also
= u(lu)-Gaba.

Gonqa, v. Sit retired in the urti-Gonqo in
a hut, as a girl menstruating for the
first time, or a bride on the day follow-
ing the wedding (used gen. in perf.).

Gonqisa, v. Keep company in retirement,
i. e. take part in the general indoor ce-
remony attached to the first menstrua-
ting of a girl, at which ceremony all the
girls of the neighbourhood of a like age
would be present.

Ex. baxjakumrjonqisa uBani, they have
gone to assist So-and-so in her retirement
*'. e. menstruation ceremony = baye emgo-
nqweni.

um-Gonqo, n. 5. Portion of a hut parti-
tioned off by wicker-work or nowadays
by a curtain, in which a girl menstru-
ating for the first time, or a bride on
the day following her wedding, sits re-
tired.

Phr. baya emgonqweni, they have gone to
the first menstruation of a girl. See hlaba.

Gonqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gonqobala.

Gonqobala, v. Be in a contracted, shri-
velled or drawn-together state, as a
dried-up hide, or other body; become

GO

thus drawn or shrivelled together =
goqobala, vonqobala; cp. gongobala.

Gonqoloza, v. Form anything (ace.) into
a long slender roll, rope, or thing of
sausage-shape, as a lump of clay when
rolling it between the hands or a saus-
age-machine passing out the meat =
gunquluza.

Gonqolozela, v. Go along as a long trailing
roll, ' roll along', as a snake = gxtnquluza.

um-Gonqolozi, n. 5. Long roll, rope, or
sausage-shaped thing, as a piece of clay
rolled out between the palms, a rope
formed of rolled cloth for sewing beads
round, etc. = um-Goqongo, um- Gunqu-
luza.

isi-Gontsane (s.t.),n. = isi-Gontswane.

Gontshi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. Go sud-
denly down, sink or bob down, out of
sight, as in water, long grass, etc. =
ukuti goje, ukuti shoni.

i(li)-Gontshi (s. t.), n. Small veldt-plant hav-
ing a bulbous edible root.

ubu-Gontshi (s.t.),n. A bobbing craftily
about; hence, such deception.

isi, or um-Gontswane, n. 5. Certain tree
(Ficus sp.), resembling the um-Kiwane,
producing fibre used for mat-making
and whose red fig-like berries, smaller
than the um-Ncongo, are eaten = isi-
Gontsxvane, isi- Gondwane.

Gonula, v. Break or wrench off, as one
bone from another at a joint, or a mealie-
cob from the stalk = bonyula, kunula.

ama-Gonwane,w. Sores in the mouth of
a goat (C.N.),; also (C.N.) = ama-Go-
Iwane.

i-nGonyama, n. = i-Ngonyama.

Gonyo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gonyoza.

isi-Gonyololo, n. Stiff, muscular-bodied per-
son = isi-Qaqalagu, isi- Gonyoza.

Gonyoza, v. Strain over anything (ace),
exerting all one's muscular strength,
as when lifting, pulling, wrestling, etc.;
grasp, grapple with, or hold a person
(ace.) with violent or excessive strain-
ing of the muscles, as when grappling
with a thief or seeking to disable one
= nkunyaza, nkunyankunya. Cp. ubu-
Gunyagunyana.

isi-Gonyoza, n. Strong muscular man =
j, isi-Gonyololo ; cp. i-nTsazayiya.

Gonyuluka (s.k.),v. Strain, retch, as when

vomiting. Comp. kanula; gonyoza; ka-

nuluka [MZT. ku-luka, to vomit; Her.

rukura, vomit as infants; kondya,

strain].
Goqa, v. Roll up, as a sleeping-mat or

skin (= goqonga); coil up, as a pig

193 GO

its tail (ace), a man a roll of wire, a
snake or cat its body (may also bo used
in reflect, form with zi)\ roll ofti.e.
ward off, as an opponent's stick (ace.)
when fighting or Fencing (com]), tnka)]
roll off i.e. get through, clear off, finish
off a piece of work, as a field (ace.) to
be ploughed or hut being built (gen.
used in conjunction with another verb
and equivalent to adv. 'of!'' or 'entire-
ly'); roll up i.e. close up a door or gate
(loe) by rolling or slipping across bars
of wood.

Ex. uvike, wagoqa, he parried, and barred
the blows off (so that nothing could get in
at him).

uyogoqa emnyango, go and bar up the
entrance (as of the goat-hut).

i-nGoqela, w. A coiled or winding thing,
like a pig's tail ; twisted or spiral thing,
like a ram's horns or those of a koodoo;
ox with such spirally twisted horns; ox
with the horns curving towards each
other and nearly meeting above or before
the head.

Goqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make a rattling
noise, as poles falling together; also =
ukuti gonqo.

i(li)-Goqo, n. Heap of wooden bars (see
um-Goqo) for closing any entrance; bul-
lock with long spirally twisted horns
in any direction though generally back-
ward (cp. i-nGoqela).

i-nG6qo (Gooqo), n. Deep mud of the
cattle-fold when dry and ready for use
as fuel.

um, or u(lu)-Goqo, n. 5. Wooden bar for clos-
ing up an entrance, as to a kraal or out-
house = um-Valo. See isi-Qongqwane.

Goqobala, v. = gonqobala.

i-nGoqokazi (s.k.),n. Cow with i-nGoqela
q. v. horns, i. e. either nearly meeting
above the head, or long and spirally
twisted generally towards the back.

Goqonga, v. Roll up, as a mat (ace), car-
pet, or 'roly-poly'. = gonqoloza, goqa.

Ex. wasimxe wagoqonga ixandhla, he

merely rubbed his hands (by rolling them
one over the other).

um-Goqongo, n. 5. = um-Gonqolozi; (N.)
black-headed oriole (Oriolus larvatus).

Goqoza, v. Stir up, as medicine with water,
paint with oil, etc (cp. govuza)] rouse
the life out of, bring to a speedy end,
as when finishing off an ox (ace) already
half dead with sickness or old age (hla-
ba not being used for such a beast).

i-nGoqwazana, n. Small or young cow
with i-nGoqela q.v. horns.

18

GO 1

Gorro, ukuti (ukutlii), v. Break with a con-
tinuous crash, as a branch or stick
broken across (= ukuti gerre) ; get
broken in the back i.e. have a curvature
of the spine = gorrozeka; cause to
break, as above = gorroza.

Ex. ungas'uti (= ungaba sowuti) gorro,
you may already grow a hump on your
back i horn old age, before I shall do so
and so that you want of me) — a word of
absolute refusal.

Gorroza, v. = ukuti gorro.

Gorrozeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti gorro.

i(li), or i-nGosi, n. Corner, sharp recess
or bending in a building or cave, or
river = i-nGoni; cp. i(li)-Gumbi [Her.
ofyi-koro, corner].

i-nGoso, u. — see i-Ngoso.

i-nGotsha (s. t.), n. One of the small succu-
lent stems of the bush-creeper (Sar-
costemma viminale) beai-ing the um-
Belebele pods ; creeper itself.

u(lu)-Gotsha (s. t.), n. Surplus or excess of
length in a thing, as that part of a belt,
or isidwaba, which, when girded round
the waist, passes beyond the required
length.

i(li)-Gotshwa, n. Pocket-knife, as sold in
the stores (Mod.)

u-Govana,w. Bad principle of the heart,
spirit of evil prompting within one (see
//-Xe?nbeza); uvula, of the throat (cp.
i(li)-Nkanka).

Ex. kusho ugorana, ati, Tata lego'nto !
ab'es'ekuxa unembexa, ati, yeka! kubi, the
bad principle might say, Take that thing!
whereupon the good priuciple would say,
Don't! it is wrong!

N.B. The seat of this ugorana is pointed
out as the same as that of the intlixiyo or
moral heart, viz. in the throat.

Govo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = govoza, ukuti
keve.

i-nGovolo (Goovolo), n. Large front tooth
protruding conspicuously (gen. used in
plur.); person with such (gen. used in
sing.) = i-nGqavula, i-nGxakula, i-
nGxavula; cp. isi-Kunku; u(lu)-Nqapolo,
i-m Vekula.

Govoza, v. = keveza.

i(li)-Govu, n. Gluttonous and selfish eater,
eating ravenously and allowing none to
approach (= isi-Gege, isi-Hangahanga);
certain variety of large powerful dog,
a Dutch hound — Dingane's favourite
breed; member of a certain regiment
formed by Dingane [Sw. choyo, greed-
iness; Ga. bu-kodo, greediness].

Govuka (a.k.),v. Be greedy with a thing

94

GO

(with no), greedily refuse a thing, as a
child to let others have a portion of the
food, or a man selfishly taking for him-
self the whole of property in which
others have an equal right = gwevuka.
Ex. le'ngane igovuka nokudlda, this child
is greedily refusing the food (to others).

Govuza, v. Stir up, as one might utshwala
(ace.) or medicine with a stick, to bring
up the sediment. Cp. zamisa; goqoza.
f Sw. boruga, stir food ; Her. zunga,
stir up].

isi, or um-Goxana, n. 5. dim. of isi-Goxi;
small deep hollow, or pit-like ravine;
small pit or hollow, as in a broken hut-
floor, or in the peel of an orange.

Goxe, ukuti (ukuthi), t>. = ukuti goxo.

isi, or um-Goxi, n. 5. Deep hollow, or pit-
like ravine, dell, e. g. a small flat spot
down between" two precipices; by com-
parison, a deep valley, as in some very
broken country [Her. omu-poko, deep
valley; Sw. bonde, dell].

izi, or imi-G6xigoxi, n. PI. freq. of prece-
ding — used to denote broken, precipi-
tous country, consisting mainly of deep-
down hollows and pit-like ravines, as
about the Nkandhla district.

Goxo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Put or stow any-
thing (ace.) away in some secluded cor-
ner or narrow space, as when scarce of
room, or anxious to keep it out of
people's way or sight; stow oneself away
in a little 'corner' or small space, as
among a crowded hutful of people =
ukuti goxe.

Goya, v. Sit retired from sight in the hut
, (a frequent custom in Native female life),
as when a girl is vinjezeliva (see vimbe-
zela), or a bride on the fifth day succeed-
ing the wedding until perhaps a week
has elapsed, or a woman after giving
birth, for 8 days in the case of a boy-
child, and 5 in that of a girl.

Goyisa, v. Assist to retire, as above; stay
at home with the female, as a young
man at the vimbezela (q. v.), or a hus-
band with his newly-married wife.

i-nGozi, n. Harm or hurt unintentionally
inflicted, an accident, as when a person,
in burning off grass, causes the kraal
or food of a neighbour to be destroyed ;
injury, hurt, to the person (not damage
to material thing) ; a danger i. e. a dan-
gerous thing or action, as to play with
firearms, or a ferocious dog capable of
attacking one; severe wound anywhere
about the head, as caused by a blow
from a stick (cp. i(li)-Nxeba); conspicu-
ous scar, or internal painfulness (comp.

GO 1

isi-Lalo), left by such a wound when
healed [Ar. khof, danger; Her. otyi-po,
harm; otyi-onga, misfortune; MZT.
inyaezia, danger].

Phr. 8ekuyakuba 'ngoxi 'mafcaxa, it will
now be a cold wound or cooled danger —
used of a sick person in a critical state who
is now on the road to recovery, no longer
in imminent danger.

ukwehlelwa, or ukufikehoa, ingoxi, to meet
with an accident.

Gozobala, v. = gogobala.

Gozololo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngo-
zololo.

u-Gozwana, n. Anything unusually small
of its kind, as a certain very small
earthen is-Oco (q. v.) or cooking-pot, or
an u-Mancishana (q. v.) beer-pot ; very
small quantity of anything, as food —
u-Ngoso, u-Ngosviane; i-nGcosana; cp.
i-nGqenge [Sw. dogo, small; Ga. tono,
small].

umu-Gqa, n. 5. = umu-Nqa.

Gqaba, v. Mark the face with spots of
coloured clay, etc. (C. N.) = caka.

Gqaba (Gqabha, uku-zi — only used in
reflect, form), v. Give oneself spots i. e.
be proud (as showing by external be-
haviour), stuck-up, conceited, think a lot
of oneself = uku-zi-gqaja, uku-zi-qomo-
nqa, cipateka, cilileka, xinga.

i(li)-Gqaba (Oqabha), n. Animal or thing
marked with large spots, as a butterfly,
leopard, pig, etc. = i(li)-Badu.

i-nGqaba, n. (C. N.) = i-nGqalaba.

Gqaba gqaba, ukuti (Gqabha gqabha, uku-
thi), v. Be dotted with large sized spots,
as below = ukuti badu badu; cp. ukuti
vaka vaka, ukuti kifi kifi.

ama-Gqabagqaba (Gqabhagqabha), n.
Large sized spots, roundish marks of
colour (as large perhaps as one's hand),
as on a leopard's skin, pig, cow, dress,
etc. = ama-Badu, ama-Nangananga;
cp. ama-Kifikifi; ukuti vaka vaka.

i-nGqabanga, n. Any very thickly congeal-
ed food or mash, like porridge or thick
beer-worts.

Gqabaza (Gqabhaza), v. Bring up in small
lumps or mouthfuls from the stomach,
as an infant vomiting.

i(ii)-Gqabo (Gqabho), n. Self-conceit, stuck-
up manners and airs ; a thing (as con-
duct or decoi-ation) to be proud of, stuck-
up about; fastidiousness, disdainful-
ness, in matters of food or dress. See
gqaba.

isi-Gqabo, n. Love-medicine of any kind
smeared or spotted on the forehead, etc.,

K

95

GQA

by
(in-
feet
any

by a young-man and supposed to mys-
teriously draw the girls (N).

um-Gqabo, n. 5. Anything, aswhite clay, as-
hes, paint, etc., used for gqaba, q.v. (C.N.).

i-nGqabozi (Gqabhozi — h. I. p. c), n. =
isi-Habuza.

isi-Gqabozi (Gqabhozi), n. = isi-Habuza.
Gqabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqabuka; gqa-
bula.

Gqabuka (s.k.), v. Get broken, as a string
or similar object by pulling (com p. apu-
ka, dabuka, hlepuka) ; get broken off,
as anything like a button, affixed
strings; get broken, or break up
trans.) into chaps, as the hands and
by cold; get ripped or torn up, as
cotton material (the thought refers to
the breaking up of the threads); expirg,
breath one's last (the lungs being sup-
posed to get broken off from their place
and so breathing cease) ~ gqibuka,
qashuka.

Gqabula, v. Break, as one might a string
(ace.) or any similar object by pulling
(comp. apula, dabula, hlepula) ; break
off, as one might a button (ace.) or
anything fixed on by a string; break
up into chaps, as cold might the hands
(ace.) or feet ; rip, or tear up, as one
might any cotton material (the thought
referring to the breakage of the threads)
= gqibula, qashula.

i-nGqabulamikindiyami (s.k.),n. Woman's
first husband or first child. Cp. umu-
Tsha; um-Kindi.

isi-Gqabuza ( Gqabhuza), n. = isi-Habuza.

Gqagqa, v. = ukuti gqagqa, qalinga.

Gqagqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do anything
in a scattered, loose, just here and there
kind of way (not compact, evenly, or
close), as when sowing mealies (ace.) in
patches about a field, a inealie-cob put-
ting on grains (ace.) irregularly here
and there, a person sewing with long
stitches (ace.) far apart, or one showing
an irregular row of teeth with some of
them missing (= gqagqa, gqagqaza,
qalinga); be in such a scattered, patchy,
irregular state, as mealies (nora.) in a
field, stitches (nom.) of an isidwaba,
grains on a cob, or teeth in a mouth
(= gqagqa, gqagqana, qalingana).

i(li)-Gqagqa, n. Anything showing or made
up of scattered, irregularly placed patches
or parts thrown disorderly here and
there, as a mealie-cob with only a few-
grains irregularly dotted here and there,
a field growing in disorderly patches, or
a man's teeth when some are
= i(li)- Qalinga, Comp. u(lu)-Toto

13*

missing

GQA 1

Gqagqana, /■. ukuti gqagqa, qalingana.

Gqagqanga, v. - ukuti gqagqa, qalinga.

Gqagqangana, v. qalingana.

Gqagqangisa, v. qalingisa; cp. fofu.

Gqagqaza, v. ukuti gqagqa.

Gqaja (in simple or mostly in reflect, form
with :i>. v. gqabha.

Gqaka gqaka, ukuti (ukuthi; S. k.), v.
gqa kaza.

i-nGqakangqaka (s. /:.), u. i-nQavunqavu.

i-nGqakala (s. k. with plur.^, n. Whiteness
of -kin. or the white part, along the
lower sides of a Native's foot. Cp. isi-
Ten.de.

Phr. ushayt ingqakcda, he shows off white
feet a dirty toot doesn't show this white-
ness; therefore a clean, tidy Native is re-
cognised by his keeping this part of the foot
always washed.

Gqakaza (s.k.),v. Grind or crush very
coarsely, merely breaking up the grains,
as mealies (ace), etc. = hlakaza, hoba,
qafuza> qazula, hakaza, hlafuza. Cp.
ncushuza.

um-Gqakazo (s.k.),n.5. um-Qazulo.

Gqala, /•. gqaya.

Gqala, adv. now apparently obsolete save
in phrase below:—

Ex. ngamyelcelela gqala for cula), I let

him off, or left him alone purposely, inten-
tionally, as when not wishing to quarrel in
company, or when seeing that it was other-
wise discreeter to let the matter pass
i only used with yekela or yekelekt, to let off;
let go hold of, as anything being held or
carried I.

i-nGqala, //. A first sight i.e. thing seen
tor the first time, therefore rare or sur-
prising sight, action, or occurrence— only

used now in the following phrases.

Ex. ukwenxa ngengqala, to do in a manner

never seen before (i.e. strange, wonderful).

I'ljiini wafiJca walculuma ingqala, So-aud-
. • -peak a most surprising thing.

ungibixela-ni? iit<)t{<ihi u .'mjibonena? what
do yon call me for'? is it the first time you
have come to see it ? (the strange thing he
'•ailed bis companion to look at).

ingqala ix'ivele na? is it the first time
it has come to appear? = it is nothing
strange; it i- a common sight. See i-nOqa-

//'. in h .

Icaku'ngqala nyoBani, ukuba 'etixt ukuti, it

- not for the fust time with So-and-so,
thai he do such a thing i.e. it is not by
him that we have first seen this thing done).

isi-Gqala, //. Cow that produces very little
milk.

96 GQA

Phr. isi<iqni<i siyala intsengicakaxi, the
poor-milker gives orders to the heavy-milker
-a remark made e.g. of a disliked wife
when 'bossing up' the favourite.

i-nGqalaba, n. — i-nQalali.

i-nGqalabuto (Gqalabutho), u. First born
or first fruits among calves, children,
crops, etc. of the same inTangu, bearing,
or season - each season or repetition
of bearing having its own ingqalabuto.

Gqalakasha, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), r. = gqa-
lakasha.

Gqalakasha (s. k.J, t>. Spring or bound off,
spring or bound along, spring or bound
about, as a child suddenly up and
away, a young-man bounding ostenta-
tiously along, or a cricket springing
about when being caught; search about
here and there in a field for odd pota-
toes (ace), etc., still left therein. See
gqanqula.

Gqalakashela (s. k.), v. = gqalakasha.

i-nGqalamba (Gqalambha), n. Robust,
muscular-bodied person ; a hardy person ;
stout, strong stick; hard rock, etc. See
nqala.

\(\i)-Gqa\asbu (Gqhalashu),n. = i(li)-Qala-
shn.

i-nGqalati (Gqalathi), n. = i-nQalati.

Gqalinga, v. = qalinga.

Gqalingana, v. = qalingana.

Gqalingisa, v. = qalingisa.

i-nGqalizivele, v. Thing such as was never

V'seen before! - name applied to any-

S thing of surpassing beauty, excessive

ugliness, extraordinary vvonderfulness,

etc. See i-nGqala.

Ex. ngibone namhla intombi ey'ingqalixd-

vele, I have seeu to-day a girl who is a
wonder (of beauty).

ixiiikomo xaleli-ya iBunu sengati ingqali-
idvele, the cattle of that there Dutchman
are almost a marvel (in their immense num-
bers).

Gqalonqa, /-. = qolonqa.

Gqama, v. = qama.

i-nGqambi (Gqambhi), v. Composer of Na-
tive dance-songs. See funda.

Gqambu, ukuti (Gqaml/hu, ukuthi), r. (C.N.)
= ukuti gqamu.

um-Gqame, u. 5. Anything unusually tall,
conspicuously high of its kind, as a fast
growing child; or some kinds of pump-
kins growing in height, not in length;
any tall-standing (not stumpily-set) thing
of bulk, as a box standing on end. See
um-Qangqato; also isi-Belekexa, isi-
Nekrfv.

GQA

i-

Gqamu, ukuti (ufcllthi), V. Sink orgO down
into anything, out of sight, as a stone
or man falling in deep water, or a child
throwing itself in the long grass; make
so sink or go down; blaze or flare about,
as a flame in the wind {gqamuka;
cp. damuzela).

Gqamuka (s. k.j, v. Blaze or Hare up, or
about, as a flame in the wind ukuti
gqamu. Cp. damuzela.

Phr. watukutela, wagqamiika, he blazed
about in an awful rage.

i-nGqamundi, n. Fluent, voluble talker.
See qamunda.

i-nGqanati (Gqanathi), u. Person with
broadly-extended, protruding buttocks.
Cp. i-mPentsula; u(lu)-Belu; see qanata.

i-nGqanda, ». Anything 'amazing' in its
good or bad qualities, as surpassingly
beautiful, decisively clear as evidence,
incredibly rich, etc. - used as adjective,
adverb, etc., in the same way as i-nGqa-
la, i-nQaba.

Ex. uBani wajuluka ingqanda, So-and-so
sweated in bucketfuls.

wakuluma ingqanda, he spoke a word that
was a settler, or of snepiising clearness.

amaka lawa anuka ingqanda, this perfume
smells incomparably sweet.

i-nGqangasi, n. Stiff, bristly hair (used

also in plur.), as of a dog, pig, or brush.

i-nGqangashi, n. (C. X.i, i-nGqangasi.

i-nGqangqamatumba (Gqanyqamathn-
ntbha), n. Certain brownish grasshop-
per; name sometimes given to the i(li)-
Nkankane and n-Ngceda birds, 'because
a person who mocks them will break
out in abscesses.'

Gqanqu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. = gqanqula.

ama-Gqanqu (no sing), v. Small leaps or
bounds, as of a young man leaping
gracefully along, or a buck (used with
ukw-eqa).

Gqanqula, /•. Co along with small grace-
ful leaps or bounds, as a young man
showing oil', or a buck. Cp. gqalakasha.

i-nGqapeli (Gqapheli), n. Sharp-witted, in-
telligent person, quick to observe and
learn.

i-nGqapunana (Gqaphunana), //. < >ne given
to interesting himself uninvited in the
talk of others, listening by habit to what
they are saying and then reporting it
about, offering an opinion, or imagining
they are making insinuations about him-
self.

i-nGqaqabulani, n. Certain thorny creeper,
growing in the woods; sometimes applied
to any such creeping or ('limbing plant,

197 GQE

urass, etc., that 'tears' up the soil or

tears through the bush when pulled.
i-nGqaqululi, //. i-nGqeqebula.
Gqashuka (s.k.),v. <i>isi,ttl;u .
Gqashula, /•. qashula.
i-nGqasundu (no plur.), n. Edible berry

or berries of the i(li)-Sundu palmetto.

Cp. u-Ndala.

i-nGqata (<;</<///,„), ,,. Single pellet of
excrement, as passed by a sheep or
goat. Cp. um-Godo. See qataza.

i-nGqato (Gqatho), //. New ground brok-
en up for the first time (= itm-<j<il<, ;
see qata); mealie-cob roasted after the
grains have already dried hard (see
qata).

i-nGqatu (Gqathu), >t. A skipping over a
rope of skin or grass with both feel
a game of Native children; the skipping-
rope itself (used with ukwenza <>v uku-
shaya).

Gqava, y. lie plainly visible, conspicuous,
as a kraal; be clearly cut, distinct to the
vision without blur or imperfection, as
good large print, bright colours, or a
person of all-round defectless beauty or
intellectual smartness; be plain, clear,
obvious, as a statement or affair (used
gen. in perl'.) (/a ma.

i-nGqavula, //. i-nGovolo.
i-nGqavungqavu, n. i-nQavunqavu.
Gqaya, /■. Look at observingly (almost ob-
solete) - beka.

Ex. wasimxe wagqaya parilsi, iruyqayn
pesLulu, he merely looked down and looked
up — in the all-absorbing deliciousness of
what he was eating, raising his eyes while
biting and then regarding the fruit iu his
hand.

i-Gqayingqayi, //. - see i-Ngqayingqayi.

u-Gqayinyanga, n. Night-watchman, for

guarding the isi-Godhlo in tin- royal
kraals — i(li)-Vakashi.

i(li), or um-Gqeba, n.5. Certain treegrow-

ing in coast bush-count ry and used for
making sticks; collective name for izi-
nDuku or cudgels as carried by a young
man, and including knobkerries, single-
sticks, etc.

Ex. ungang'ahlula ngolcunye; kepa ngegqeba,

</</.' you maj beat inc in other things; but
with the sticks, never !

i-nGqedamabele, n. Jocular name lor the
anus.

Gqegqa, /•. dhledhlezela.

i-nGqenge, n. Anything small of or among
its kind, singly or collectively, as a batch
of small children in a lint, a small beast

V

GQE

or a number thereof together, a basket-
ful of small-sized mealies. Cp. u-Gozwa-
na.

Gqengqa, v. (C.N.) = ngqengqa.

isi-Gqengqe, n. (C.N.) = isi-Qenqe.

um-Gqengqe, v. o. (C.N.) = um-Qenqe.

i(li)-Gqengqeshwana, n. (C.N.) == i(Ii)-Qe-
ngqeshwana.

i-nGqepu (Gqephu), n. Piece, portion, or
cutting of anything of a broad flat na-
ture, as cloth, skin, cardboard, zinc or
board (cp. i(li)-Qa); a thing of this
description excessively short for the
object intended, as a belt not meeting
round the body = isi-Qepu.

Ex. isidwaba sami siy'ingqepu, or ingubo
yaleyo'ntombaxana iy'ingqepu, my kilt is
too short, or the dress of that girl is too
short, uot meeting round the waist (not
length downwards).

i-nGqeqe, n. = i-nGqeqebula.

i-nGqeqebula, n. Smart, skilful person,
clever at work or talking (= i-nOqeqe,
i-)iGcwedi); certain creeping plant.

isi-Gqezeba, n. = isi-Qezeba.

Gqf, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gi.

i(li)-Gqi,rc. Manner, method of doing any-
thing, as of administering medicine, or
(by comparison) doing any other kind
of work = i(li)-Qondo.

isi-Gqi, w. = isi-Gi.

Gqiba, v. Fill up, as a hole (ace.) with
earth; cover up with earth, as a dead
person (ace.) at the burial, ama-dumbi
(ace.) when heaping them round, or
(metaphor.) a fault (ace.) in order to
hide it (cp. fulela) ; cause a person (ace.)
not to make mention of a matter that
has been confided to him or he knows
about, as by a bribe; dress the short
remaining hair, after hair-cutting, by
patting it down with the hand into little
flat ringlets (see u-Magqibane; sokohla)
[Her. sira, fill up a hole; Sw. setiri,
cover up; shiba, be filled as the belly].

um-Gqibelo, n. 5. Saturday (Mod.).

i-nGqVbi, n. Hunter of small game, as
bucks (C.N.). Cp. i(li)-PlsL

i-nGqibingqibi (Gqibhingqibhi), n. Dirty
disturbed water full of sediment or
mud, as just after the passage of cattle;
dirty-coloured, grey-blackish complexion.

i(li)-Gqibo, n. Certain kind of man's i-Be-
shu, made of twisted sheep-skin, etc.,
hanging behind in tails (= isi-Tinti,
ii-Mntl iuKina. Cp. i(li)-Dhlaka); also
certain kind of eating-mat (= i-Nqeke).

Gqibu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gqabu.

198 GQI

Gqibuka (s.k.),v. = gqabuka.

Gqibula, v. = gqabula.

Gqigqa, v. Dance the um-Gqigqo q. v. ;
visit or come to a kraal with observable
frequency; earn quickly and easily, as
money (ace).

isi-Gqigqi, n. Short thick-set person.

Gqigqizela, v. Patter along, as one going
hurriedly to fetch something, or hurry-
ing along carrying something heavy
with both hands (from the sound gqi
gqi of the quick footsteps); patter or
bustle about, as a woman busily engag-
ed boiling beer.

um-Gqigqo, n. 5. Kind of dance formed by
a train of boys or girls, one behind the
other, dancing forwards and then back-
wards i. e. back foremost. See gqigqa.

Phr. angiyikubuyela emuva, anginjengom-
gqigqo, I shall not go backwards, I am not
like an umgqigqo dance — may be used in
any connection to indicate that there will
be no going back on what has been said or
done.

Gqiha, v. Breath with a groan, groan, as
a sick person feeling great internal suf-
fering = bubula.

Gqika or Gqikela (s. k.), v. Pile up i.e. add
abundantly on to what is already there,
as when piling on the logs to make up
a large fire, or when laying on extra
grass (ace.) on the roof of a hut, or
blankets (ace.) over one's body at night.

isi-Gqiki (s.k.),n. Kafir head-rest formed
of a wooden log with two short legs ==
isi-Camelo.

um-Gqiki (s.k.),n.5. Kafir headrest when
consisting merely of a wooden block
without any legs = um-Buku.

i-nGqikiti (Gqikithi), n. Main body, mass or
bulk of anything, as an amabele crop, an
affair, etc. = i-nDikimba ; isi-Zimbati.

i(li)-Gqikolo (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Gqizolo.

i(li)-Gqila, n. Short garment of women
(C.N.).

isi-Gqila or Gqili, n. Female servant, 'sla-
vey'-, i.e. young girl obtained to do the
menial work for any of the wives of a
chief's kraal (a class of servants who
became noted for the harsh treatment
they had to endure at the hands of
their mistresses — see gqilaza) ; applied
derisively to a man in a similar menial
position (cp. isi-Tununu) ; young girl
who accompanies another at her mar-
riage and remains with her as her body-
servant; big bump or swelling of the
glands below the angle of the jaw and
natural in some Natives (= isi-Qata).

GQI 199

Gqilaha or Gqilasha, v. Treat a person
(ace.), kraal, etc., with medicines, charms,
etc., in order to render him proof against
the evil efforts of enemies, abatakati,
and the like = qunga, misa; cp. shika-
qa; elapa.

Gqilaza, v. Punch or pommel away at a
person (ace.) with the fists, as when
down on the ground — a common habit
of the chief's women when punishing
their maid-servants, from which fact
perhaps their name isi-Gqila was de-
rived. Cp. dondonya.

u-Gqilaza, n. Mumps = u-Zagiga.

i-nGqimba (Gqimbha),n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-
Qimba.

Gqi'mfu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqimfuka;
gqimfula.

Gqimfuka (s.k.),v. Snap (intrans.) or get
broken, as a string; get torn or broken
off, as a button = qamfuka, gqabuka.

Gqimfula,^. Make to snap or break, as a
string (ace); tear or break off, as a
button (ace.) = qamfula, gqabula.

i(li)-Gqimilili, n. Blue-bellied salamander.

N.B. The appearance of this little animal
betokens that heavy rains are nigh.

GqTmu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fall down sud-
denly in one heavy mass, as any heavy
body, a horse shot, or tree felled (= gqi-
muka); make fall down, as before (=
gqimula) = ukuti jtva; lie flat on one's
back, as a man.

Gqimuka (s.k.),v. = ukuti gqimu.

Gqimula, v. = ukuti gqimu.

u-Gqimulupotwe (Gqimuluphothwe), n. (C.

N.) = u-Gomonqo.
Gqinaha, v. (C.N.) = gqilaha.
i-nGqinamba (Gqinambha)n. = i-nTolo.
i-nGqinisela, n. = i-nGomela.

Gqintsi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Fall heavily,
bodily, in one heavy mass, as a horse
or man slipping or heavy weight falling
(= gqintsika); make so fall heavily,
throw down heavily or bodily, as any-
thing (ace); thrown down anything
(ace.) bodily i. e. roughly, violently, pitch
it down (even though it be light) ; throw
up, as a lawsuit (= gqintsi la) = ukuti
dintsi, ukuti tintsi.

i(li)-Gqintsi (s. t.), n. Any very heavy body,
heavy-weighing thing, as a great box,
stone, lump of meat, etc. = i(li)- Dintsi,
um-Qingo.

Gqintsika (s.k.),v. = ukuti gqintsi.

Gqintsi la, v. = ukuti gqintsi.

Gqisha,?>. Press or stuff in, as clothes

GQO

(ace.) into a sack (— gxusha) ; stuff one-
self, as a gluttonous child, with f I

(used in simple or reflect form); fill it-
self up i.e. overlay itself heavily with
storm-clouds, thick mists, etc., as the
sky (cp. hloma).

i-nGqiwa, n. (C.N.) = i-nQiwa.

Gqiza, v. Trot about showing off and cry-
ing out, as the women do about the girls
at a dance; put on, wear, an armlet (ace.),
wristlet, anklet, etc. of beadwork, wire,
hair, etc.

i(li)-Gqiza, n. Crushed u-Nyawoti (q. v.)
made into a paste and eaten raw.

Gqizaza, v. = divaza.

isi-Gqizo, n. Wristlet, anklet, armlet, etc.
made of beads, wire, or tails; also =
um-Gqizo.

um-Gqizo,w. 5. Trotting about of the wo-
men when showing off at the dance (see
gqiza);. also = isi-Gqizo.

Phr. akupindelwa emuva, kunge'mgqixo
there is no going back now, or with me, etc.;
it- is not an affair of an umgqixo dance (in
which the woman, after trotting some dis-
tance forward, retire again in a backward
movement).

i(li)-Gqizo!o, n. Any thick, heavy, lumber-
some thing, as an earthen-pot unduly
loaded with clay in the make, a basket
made of thick heavy grass, a thick buf-
falo hide, or a thick heavy board —
i(li) - Gqikolo, i(li)- Gqezema, i(li)- Gqi-
zongo.

i(li)-Gqizongo, n. = i(li)-Gqizolo.

Gqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Drip or drop down,
a:; a drop of water from a roof; drop
down (metaphor.), as a stranger sud-
denly alighting before one's door; put
or bring in in driblets, as money (ace)
when paying slowly one's debts =
gqoza.

Gqoba (Gqobha), v Dig out by picking
at with an iron-rod, as a Native doctor
does herbs (ace); hence, dig out with
a hoe any food-root from the ground,
as ground-nuts (ace), sweet-potatoes
(not used of anything like dumbis that
are easily found in a cluster together);
milk a cow (ace) to the last drop leav-
ing nothing for the calf (cp. gcoba) j press
strongly, as a lender might a borrower
(ace) for return of his money (ace and
ku).

Gqobe, ukuti (Gqobhe, ukuthi), v. Go
down out of sight, as the sun (cp. ukuti
to to to), or a man = ukuti shoni.

i-nGqobe (collect), n. Any remnants, re-
mains, refuse, of material, crops, grain,

GQO

200

GQO

grass, etc., left over or cast aside from
any work as worthless.

isi-Gqobela (Gqobhela), n. Cigar-shaped
snuff-box made of horn and carried in
the ear; deep-sunken eye.

Gqobi, ukuti (Gqobhi, ukuthi), v. Deal or
serve out to one (ace.) in a very small
quantity, as a single ladleful of por-
ridge (witli nga) = ukuti yoyi.

ubu-Gqobigqobi (Gqbbhigqobhi), n. A small
serving out, as of food among a party
(with enza).

um-Gqobiya (Gqobhiya), n. 5. Fifth milk-
ing or supply of milk of a cow on the
same occasion. Cp. um-Ncunze.

Gqobo, ukuti (Gqobho, tt/,/'fhi),v. = gqoboza.

i-nGqobo (Gqobho), n. Big hole burst
through (used only in obscene lang-
uage of the vagina femince) = isi-Ha-
buza, isi-Gobo, isi-Galagala, ion-3foro.
See tikitela.

Gqoboloza (Gqobholoza), v. Fire up, re-
ply in an angry tone without any ap-
parent cause, as when asked a polite
question.

Gqobolozi, ukuti (Gqobholozi, ukuthi), v =■
gqoboloza.

Gqoboza (Gqobhoza), v. Knock, thrust, or
burst a large gaping hole through any-
thing (ace), as a calabash; also =
Gqoboloza. Cp. qoboza.

isi-Gqoboza (Gqobhoza), n. = isi-Habuza.

i-nGqofa, n. — see i-Ngqofa.

Gqogela, v. (C. X.). = qogela.

Gqo gqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqogqoza.

Gqogqoza, /'. Rap, tap, as with the points
of the fingers on a door or with the
point of a stick on the ground (cp. qo-
nqota) ; go along pattering with a staff,
as an old person walking ; patter down
drop after drop, as rain coming through
the roof of a hut.

um-Gqogqozo, n. ~>. Walking-staff = u(lu)-
Boko, u(lu)-Dhlivedhlwe.

Gqoka (s. k.), v. Be wrapped or eovei^ed
up by a portion of the placenta when
emerging from the womb, as a child at j
birth (used in perf.); hence, cover the \
body with clothing, wear clothes (ace), |
dress (intrans.), as Europeans (Mod).

Gqokisa (s. k.), v. Cause a person (ace.) j
to dress or wear civilised clothing ; dress
(trans.), as a mother her child.

isi-Gqoko (s.k.),n. Hat, cap, of any kind

(Mod.).

u(lu)-Gqoko (s.k.),n. Native meat-tray carv-
ed of wood = u(lu)-Givembe, u(lu)-Qire-
iii be; cp. isi-Cayo.

u(lu)-Gqokoma (s.k.),n. Any strong, hard,
tough thing, not easily breakable or
tearable, as a strongly made basket, a
strong iron dish, or stout moleskin cloth.

u(lu)-Gqola, or Gqolo, n. Polyps of the
womb in females (N).

u(lu)-Gqolo, n. Any very steep, perpendi-
cular ascent, hillside, etc.; also = u(lu)-
Gqola.

i-nGqolokosho (s.k.),n. Anything become
dried up and hard, as a hide become
stiff, rushes for mat-making become drj'
and brittle, or a muscular stiff-bodied
man = i-nQoshololo.

Gqoloza, v. = qoloza.

um-Gqomo, n. 5. Person whose body is
square-built, i. e. of the same breadth all
the way up; vessel of such a shape;
hence, drum, as of tar or oil.

isi-Gqomozana, n. Short person of square-
built body.

i-nGq5ndo (Gqoondo — tvith plur.), n. The
stringy, fibrous edge or middle rib of
a palmetto leaf, which are bunched to-
gether to form the rope-like frame of a
man's head-ring, etc.; the stringy, fib-
rous part torn off from the back of
green-beans and other fresh vegetables ;
also (T) = isi-Boshwa.

i-nGqondo, n. Meaning, purport, sense, of
a word or order; sense, understanding,
as of a person. See qonda.

Gqonqa, v. Break up the hardness of a
thing (ace.) by pounding it with an
i-mBokode, as a shield to render it sup-
ple, the hard earth on a floor in order
to repair it, or dry tobacco leaves on
the stone previous to grinding them.

N.B. During the absence of the Zulu men
on the war-path, it was the custom of the
womeu to go about at home beating toge-
ther (gqonqa) large stones or rattling small
ones between both hands, in order to scare
away death from their husbands — death
presumably being driven away by the noisy
clatter made.

i-nGqorrolo, n. (C. N.) = i-nQorrolo.

i-nGqoshololo, n. = i-nGqolokosho.

i-nGqoto (Gqotho), n. = i-?iGqobe; also see
i-Ngqoto.

u(lu)-Gqoyi, n. Any delicious food (= ul-
Ovela, ti(lu)-Nqekete) ; sometimes used
for an unusually strong sexual desire or
lust in some persons, chiefly growing
children, and supposed to be caused
through the uku-gweba (q. v.) or blood-
purifying custom not having been pro-
perly performed.

N.B. Gqoyi! gqoyi! kii'mantombaxann;

GQO

/

ufutia-iu ku ' inantombatatia? — shouted en-
ticingly by a small girl to a young boy with
whom she desires intercourse.

Gqoza, v. = tikuti gqo.

i-nGqoza, n. — see i-Ngqoza.

isi-Gqoza, n. One of that portion of the
Zulu nation who adhered to Mblllazi in
the contest between him and Cetshwayo,
and who fled with him across the Tu-
kela into Natal; sometimes applied to
any Zulu Native who has 'gone over'
to the White people or to reside in Na-
tal (cp. u(lu)-Sutu); small stone that may
get mixed up with mealies and cause
grating in the teeth.

Gqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqula.

i-nGquba, n. Small particles, dust, shavings
and the like, as motes floating like dust
in the water or air, or dropping or cast
off anything when being worked, as dust
dropping from a beam that is being
bored by a wood- worm or saw-dust from
a plank being sawn, or shavings from a
horn being scraped or tiny fragments
dropping off thatching-grass. Cp. isi-Bi,
isi-Longosha.

Gqubu, ukuti (Gqubhu, ukuthi), v. = gqu-
btiza.

i(li), or ama-Gqubu, n. Persistent, settled
ill-feeling against a person, a grudge,
spite, as against a person who in the
past has done one some considerable
injury = i-nQiiva; cp. i-nQushumba;
vunda; quniba.

Ex. uku-m-bambela umuntu igqubu, to
retain a grudge against a person.

i-nGqubu (Gqubhu; no plur.),n. Floating
sediment or particles of foreign matter,
as in water, medicine, etc., (not when
settled = i-nZika, izi-Bidi) = i-nQumbu.

u(lu)-Gqubu, n. Glans penis of an animal
(except dog — see i(U)-Kinqi), as bull,
pig, etc. — um-Nqundu; cp. um-Tondo.

u(lu)-Gqubu (Gqubhu), n. = u(lu)-Qubu.

Gqubuza (Gqubhuza), v. Raise up a dust
(u-tuli), as by sweeping, shaking a mat,
or the wind (= buquza, qubuza); (C.N.)
strike, as on the head, or on water so as
to splash.

i-nGqudulu, n. = i-nQudulu.

Gqu gqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqugquza.

Gqugqumeza, v. = gqugquza.

Gqugquza, v. Prod or poke repeatedly, as
a pig (ace.) to get it to move on; keep
nudging, as a person to draw his atten-
tion; bother, worry, be constantly push-
ing or prodding a person, as with im-
portunate requests or demands, or to get
him to do something = gqugqumeza.

201 GQU

i(li)-Gqukuma or Gqukumana (s. k.), ft.
Stumpy block of a thing, as a short
thick foot or hand. Cp. isi-Qukuva.

i-nGqukumba (Gqukumbha), n. = i-nGqu-

kuqa.
u-nGqukumbana (s. k.), n. — see u-Ngquku-

mbana.

i-nGqukumbana (Gqukuvtbhana), n. Cart
(lit. a stumpy wagon); dim. of i-nGqu-
kumba.

i-nGqukuqafs. k.), n. Any short stumpy
thing, a block, a knob, as a block of
wood, knob ofakerry (see isi-Kanda),n
big round head, or a short broadly-built
person or animal = i-nGqukumba, iai-
Qukuva; cp. i-nQudulu.

Gqukuza (s.k.), v. Go along stiffly, stumpily,
as one with short stumpy feet — see
i( I i)- Gqukumana; (C.N.) shake.

Gqula, v. Poke forcibly, prod, thrust, as
a person (ace.) with the end of a stick ;
stick or pain one piercingly, as pleurisy
or a stitch in the side; stamp, as mea-
lies (ace.) with the broad end of a club,
as do the Basutos and Dutch (= gxo-
ba). Cp. hlokoloza, tokoloza [Her. tuva,
poke; Sw. kuniba].

Gquleka (s.k.), v. Lose one's fascination or
desire by having had enough of any-
thing, as after having seen, tasted, or
experienced something one had a crav-
ing for.

isi-Gqulo, n. Goad for oxen (C. N.).

urn, or u(lu)-Gqulo, n. 5. Stitch in the side,
as from pleurisy (N).

i-nGqulwane, n. Common kind of river
reed, used for hut-building (cp. um-Co-
boka; twiHhmga); also = i-nGanga.

Gquma, v. Moan, groan, as a person in
great pain (= gqiha, bubula); stamp
with the foot, as when dancing or seek-
ing to crush an insect; throb, beat, as
a pulse or the heart (not a wound =
futa, tshutshumba, kenketa, etc.) ; go a-
long in a long swarm or crowded train,
as a troop of cattle or swarm of locusts
(see um-Gqumo) [Sw. ugua, groan; pu-
ma, pulsate; Her. tona, throb; Ga. ku-
ba, beat].

i(li)-Gquma (Gqtiuma), n. = i(li)-Ganga,

i(li)-Duma.
i-nGquma (Gquunia), n. = i-nDondo.

Gqumasha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Wrap closely
round the body, as a blanket (ace.) or
cloak; be closely wrapped round, as
befoz'e.

Gqumasha, v. = ukuti yqumasha.

Gqumashela, />. Go wrapped up in a cloak
or blanket, as a sick Native.

/

GQU 202

Ex. ngitubone egqumashela ngengubo for
ehamba ete gqumaslta), I have seen him
walking wrapped (in his blanket).

i-nGqumbi (Gqumbhi), n. Great heap, as
of amabele, hay, etc. = i-mBundu.

Gqumbu, ukuti (Gqumbhu, ukuthi), v. Make
the dull, heavy, plumping sound of any
heavy body falling into deep water, or
as a person passing wind (cp. suza);
hence, fall, or make to fall, plump into
= ukuti xumbu.

i-nGqumelo, n. Rubbish-heap outside of a
kraal, where all the refuse and ashes
are thrown (cp. i(li)-Zala), and where the
urine is emptied and urine-pots kept (see
isirKigi).

um-Gqumo, n. 5. Long-drawn crowd, thick
train of anything, as a regiment of sol-
diers marching, locusts or bees flying;
pulsation or throbbing, of the heart or
pulse. See gquma; cp. um-Qumo.

Gqumu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go in a long
crowded train or swarm = gquma. Cp.
quma.

i(li)-Gqumu, n. The i-nTsonyama (q. v.) of
the um-Qoliso (q. v.) = i(li)-Futu.

i-nGqumu, n. = i-Nqumu.

u-Gqumugqumu, n. Cape gooseberry (Phy-
salis).

i-nGqumunga, n. = i-mBulunga.

Gqumusha, v. = gqumushela.

i(li)-Gqumusha, n. Certain small bird in
the bush-country.

Gqumushela, v. Dance the private dance
in the bridegroom's kraal on the arrival
of the bride on the evening preceding the
wedding, or on the evening of the wed-
ding-day, and at which only the young
family people are present. See gcagca.

i-nGqunda, n. Kind of iris (comp. i-nDhlo-
loti); any medicine or charm supposed
to possess the powers of taking the
sharpness off anything, putting a dam-
per on it, rendering it dull and ineffec-
tive, as on the evil practices of an urn-
takati, the skilful assegai-throwing of an
enemy, or the generous feelings of a be-
nefactor. See qunda.

X.B. The common u-sungulo or Kafir-nee-
dle is an example of this. A man going to
war would carry one of these to render him-
self invulnerable to the enemy. But one going
to beg food of a friend in time of famine
would take care to leave it at home, lest it
affect the good-will of his friend!

i-nGqunge, n. Rapidly made amasi, pro-
duced by mixing sweet milk with whey,
which quickly causes it to curdle = um-
Qungo; >(li)-Hongo.

GQWA
i-nGqungqu, n. (C. N.) = i-mBunga.
isi-Gqungqu, n. Kind of isi-Cumu.

i-nGqungqulu, n. Kind of reddish-brown
eagle, frequently seen hovering over
the veldt = i-nDhlazanyoni.

N.B. Parts of this bird are in great re-
quest among young men as love charms.
Specific: take the fat of this bird's eye, mix
it with some um-Kando, e.g. the u-Langa-
, iiie, and you have a powerful i-Habiya, q. v.

u(lu)-Gqungu, n. Glans penis of an animal

chiefly of such as goats, sheep, etc.
(but not usually of dog = i(li)-Kinqi)
— um-Nqundu.
Gqunqa. v. Become discoloured, change to
a dirty colour ( losing the natural
freshness or purity of tint), as a Native
whose skin gets a dusty grey in sick-
ness or death, a rusty assegai, mildewy
Kafir-corn, salted meat, a sky covering
over with dark rain clouds, a wooden
spoon from hanging in the smoke, or
a white dress from accumulation of
dirt = gqwala; cp. fipala; vutioa.

Gqunqisa, v. Make to lose colour or fresh-
ness, as above; wrork upon a person
(ace.) with charms so that he become
'dulled', lose his attractiveness to the
other sex (cp. shikaqa).

um-Gqunqiso, n. 5. Medicinal charm, used
for working as above.

Gqiishu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stab, pierce
largely, as with an assegai or dagger.
Cp. ukuti qushu.

i-nGqushumbana (Gqushumbhana), n. =
i-nQushumbana,

Gqushuza, v. = ukuti g qushu.

i-nGqutu (Gquuthu), n. Vessel, gen. of bas-
ket-work, sometimes of pottery, with
flat covered top and small mouth, as
some um-caba baskets and beer-pots;
thick stumpy beard of a man, some-
what resembling above vessel in shape
= i-Ngcungu.

i-nGqutu (Gquthu), n. Ox given to a bride's
mother, and extra to the lobola cattle
(C. N.) = umu-Mba.

Gquza, v. = gqula.

u-Gquza, n. = u-Tupa.

i-nGquza, n. Anus i. e. gut of flesh thereat.
Cp. i(li)-Golo.

Gqwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqtvaba, gqwaza.

Gqwaba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Just do once or
slightly, as say a single word, run over
for a moment to any place; reduplic.
form, Gqwaba gqwaba, ukuti, do just
here and there, just now and then =
ukuti gqwasha, ukuti pose, ukuti ziva.

GQWA

203

GU

Gqwaba, v. Do anything only now and then,
here and there, at long intervals, as a
woman digging for potatoes in an old
field and only finding something here
and there, a man winning a prize from
time to time, a stay-at-home who only
turns up on a visit to a neighbour's
kraal after long intervals, or a female
child who only gets born to a man rare-
ly and after a number of male births;
be only here and there, dotted about, as
a few scattered kraals, or mealies in a
field = ukuti gqwaba, gqwabaza, gqwa-
za; cp. ukuti ze ze; ukuti pose pose.

Ex. uBani kasal/conbi, at/' wje yqwaba (or
ak'agqwabe rye), So-and-so no longer goes about
(on visits), he just does it now and then.
ugqivabile umbila Jculeyo'ntsimu, the mealies
have onlv come up here aud there in that
field.

um-Gqwabagqwaba, n. 5. Cork tree {Ery-
thrina latissima), with very broad cab-
bage-like leaves = um-Kakasi.

Gqwabaza, ?;. = gqwaba.

um-Gqwaku (s. k.), n. 5. Small-sized cala-
bash for keeping fat (cp. um-Fuma ; i(li)-
Hlala); big hanging belly drawn in at
the navel (cp. i(li)-Qaga; i-Ngubuxa).

Gqwa I a, v. = gqunqa.

Gqwalaza, v. = ngqwata.

i-nGqwamasi, n. = i-nQwamasi.

i-nGqwana, n. = ama-Ngqeshane.

i-nGqwanga (both s. and h. I. p. c), n. Any
tough, strong thing or person; frame-
work of a headring (= u(lu)-Qondo);
kind of mealies.

P. ingqwanga kayibonwa, ibonwa ng'atna-
qili, the headriug-frame is not seen; it is
seen only by those in the know — said fre-
quently of a man whose real position is
concealed by his outward appearances.

i-nGqwangane, n. Certain bush, having
long thorns.

i-nGqwangayiya (both s. and h. I. p. c), n.
Tall, tough-bodied person.

i-nGqwangi, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Qwangi;
(C. N.) small kind of rock-rabbit.

i-nGqwangqwa or Gqwangqwangqwa, n. A
collection, classing together, group, body
of persons or things of a like kind, age,
colour, size, etc., standing by themselves,
as a lot Of small children, cows, similar
blankets, etc. = isi-Qoqowane, i-nKeto,
um- Qwabalanda.

i(li)-Gqwangu (Gqwaangu), n. Any light,
cotton material, such as common col-
oured handkerchiefs, muslin, etc., are
made of.

Gqwasha, v. = gqwaba.

Gqwasha gqwasha, or Gqwashu gqwashu,
ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gqwaba.

u(lu)-Gqwayi, n. Person with slender, wiry,
museularly energetic body n(lu)-

Gqwayim Im, n (lu)-Gqwayosha.

isi-Gqwayigqwayi,//. Sharp-spirited per-
son, full of fire and energetic action.

u(lu)-Gqwayimba (Gqwayimbha), n.

u(lu)-Gqwayi.

Gqwayiza, v. Act or speak in a sharp-
spirited, energetic, fiery manner.

Gqwayizela, v. Go along in a spirited
manner, as an active wiry person.

u(lu)-Gqwayosha, n. = u(lu)-Gqwayi.

u(lu)-Gqwegqwe, n. (C. N.) = u(lu)-Qweqwe.

i-nGqwele, n. The chief or principal among
a number of herdsmen or herdsboys,
whether by age, or as self-constituted
'cock' of the gang (= i-nGqwele edhla
ubedu).

Gu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fill to the brim, as
a bucket (ace), or the water poured
therein ; be brimming or chock-full, as
a hut with people or a river with water ;
make a thudding noise, as one digging
in hard ground where the implement
doesn't readily cut in.

u(lu)-Gu, n. Water-edge or 'brim' of a
river or sea; edge or outskirts of a
forest (cp. u(lu)-Lala, u(lu)-Saku) =
u(lu)-Kumbi, u(lu)-Sebe.

Phr. b'enza ugu (ngaku'Sibcmi), they made
a 'river-bank' (towards So-and-so), i.e. they
all went to one side, sided together (in
favour of So-and-so).

Guba, v. Stint, as a mother her children
with food (doub. ace.) = gubaza, nyi-
nya [Sw. zuia, stint].

Guba (Gubha), v. Toss wildly about, put
in commotion, as a child the water (ace.)
when splashing it wildly up while bath-
ing; toss wildly about (fntrans.), be
in wild commotion, as water fiercely
boiling, or a rough sea ; dance the hunt-
dance; flutter wildly about, as a bird in
a trap or a garment hanging ont in a
strong wind (= gubhaza; cp. panquza) ;
press a person (ace.) to divulge secrets,
try to draw him out, 'pump' him (=
panda) ; scoop out, hollow out, as earth
(ace.) from the sides of a mealie-pit
(ace), or wood from the ladle of a new
spoon, or the body of a person suffering
from the um-Gubane disease (= gumbo) ;
do off largely, as a girl when grinding
off an unusually large heap of grain
(act-.) or a traveller getting over a stretch
of country (= kuba).

u(lu)-Guba, n. Flank or side of a man or

prevented him
muscular force

GU

{►east (- um-Hlubulo); top part of the
upper arm, shoulder; 'cold-shoulder',
unsociable bearing, disinclination to be
companionable or obliging, as of a
stranger when asked a question or fa-
vour, or people "it unfriendly terms
i - -Shi; cp. u(lu)-Kutu >; muscular
strength, as exhibited by men wrestling
(gen. used in plur. Usi-nGuba).

\.\ bahambelana ngezinguba, they arc <>n
unvisitrag, unfriendly terms, they meet one
another with the cold shoulder whenever
they chance to come across one another).

• wanginika itguba, he just gave
me disobligingness (as when I asked him to
allow me a place by the fire and he just

■ -•

iramtiijn nyi s inguba, he
from doing something) by

■t 1>\ sticks, '-re. .

Gubadhlela, v. Put away out of sight under

one, in order to shelter, preserve, con-

tl, etc., as a hen its chick (ace), a

mother (metaphor.) the property of her

child, or a stingy person might food.

Guba guba, ukuti (Gubha gubha, uku-

thi), r. gubhaza.
um-Gubane (Gubhane), //. 5. = i-nGur

in hi i in'.

um-Gubane, //. .";. Kind of hard dark-brown
-tone, used for hardening roads (C.N.).
Gubaza, v. guba.

Gubaza (Gubhaza), '•. Flutter wildly about,
a- a bird in a trap, or a flag in a strong
wind gubha, bakuza. Cp. papaza.

i(li)-Gubela (Gubhela),n. i(li)-Gojela.

i-nGubo. //. Cloak or covering of any kind
for the body; hence, in special sense,
the large leathern kilt or petticoat worn
by women on 'best' occasions and ge-
nerally used by them for covering their
children at might (not applied to the
inferior every-day petticoat see /-,■;.
Dioaba)', skin-mantle originally worn by
men in place of a blanket < isi-Pvku);
hence, blanket (cp. urNkumbese) ; body-

vering or article of European dress
of any kind worn on the body, as frock,
trousers, shirt, etc. [prob. akin to ukuti
gubu and gubuzela Ar. gukh, cloth;
lii/diim, clothes; MZT. in-gubo, piece of
cloth; I'.a. nguba, skin-shield; Sw. ngu-
wo, cloth; Bo. nguo, cloth; Reo. nguvo,
cloth; Her. nguyu, cotton-cloth; Ku. i-
kuwo, cloth; 'la. mbugu, cloth; Nyo.
mbugu, bark-made cloth].

I'hr. o'ngubo lii/eweni, <me whose blankets
the precipice i. <■. the grave said

ged person, already as .
nd buried.

204 GU

i-nGubo-ka'Kundhlase (ka' Khundhlase), n.

Name of an unformed i-buto (existing
merely in name) and consisting of thai
iiituiii/n of hoys whieh would follow
next after the i-mBokod' ebomvu — uKu-
ndhlase is the name of Zibebu's mother
u-Felapakati.

isi-Gubo (Gubho),n. Native tool for scoop-
ing OUt wooden spoons, ete. ; also ////,-

Gubo.

isi-Gubo,//. Habit of body (C.N.)

Ex. isigubo salowo'muntu sibi, uyakushe-
sha ukuguga, that person's habit of body i>
had; he will soon grow old (C. N.)

um-Gubo ((ji/bho), n. 5. Hunting-dance.
See gubha.

Gubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — gubuzela.

Gubu, ukuti (Gvb/in, ukuthi), v. = gubu-
ka; gubuza.

i(li)-Gubu, a. i(li)-Gumbi.

isi-Gubu (Gubhu), n. Gourd or calabash,
emptied of its pulp and used as a beer
or water-vessel (see = i(li)-Gula); some-
times applied to the same while still
growing ( = u(lu)-Selwa); Sacred Ibis
(Ibis cethiopica) ; (mod.) drum, as of a
military band [Sw. buyu, calabash ; Her.
o-ndyupa ; At. igba].

um-Gubu, //. 5. = um-Tshiki (mostly adopt-
ed by women for hlonipa purposes).

um-Gubu (Guubu), n. 6. Any big broad
cloth or covering, suitable for covering
over, veiling, etc., as a big smothering
dress, blanket, isidwaba, etc.

u(lu)-Gubu (Gubhu),n. Musical instrument
formed of a stringed bow with a cala-
bash attached as sounding-board; hence,
piano, harmonium (Mod). See i-nKoka,
u(lu)-Qwabe.

Gubuda, /-. Turn upside down or on its
face, as a pot (ace.) or basket (— go-
mboqa); turn a person's (ace.) face (with
ngobuso) away or down i.e. intention-
ally deceive, trick by appearances of
sincerity, as one sent to trap others, ot-
to act as a blind, or when humbugging
another by sending him off on a useless
misleading errand (cp. luta); have a bio
prominent forehead falling forward over
the eyes which are very deep-set (used
with perl); have horns falling forward
ami curving round before the forehead.

Gubudu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. gubuda.

i(li) or isi-Gubudu, //. .Man, or beast, as
above (see gubuda); basket of the isi-
Cumu shape, having a small mouth ami
broad flattened top. Cp. isi-Ngungu.

isi-Gubugubu (Gubhugubhu), ». A sudden
breaking forth within one i.e. a sudden

or strong desire

GU 205

irresistible feeling
isi-Kupekupe.

Gubuka (Gubhuka), v. Rise up <>r start up
suddenly, as a buck in the grass or a
man jumping up from the ground;
break suddenly forth, i.e. suddenly
change or get changed (into another
state), as a child who, while playing with
another, suddenly changes temper and
quarrels, or the weather when it sud-
denly breaks forth into a squall of wind,
or a sick person who after a quiet per-
iod, suddenly experiences another acute
attack or relapse ukuti gubhu.

isi-Gubukana (Gubhukana), u. Sudden
change or breaking forth, as above.

i-nGubuxa (Gubhuxa), n. see i-Ngubuxa.

Gubuya, v. Tramp along or about, as
through a long stretch of country (ace),
or to and fro, here and there, contin-
ously = dambata.

Gubuza (Gubhuza), V. .Make one restless,

^rise up wildly within one, as the heart
with passionate desire; make a person
(ace.) restless, trouble or worry him, as
by persistent demands or requests;
splash up the water (ace), as when
'splashing' through a drift, or a stone
when falling therein (= rrubuza, rru- J
nniza); play badly on the u(lu)-Gubu
(ace.), with a strumming, not light musi-
cal touch.

Gubuzela (Gubhuzela), r. Be in a restless
state, be going on in a wildly turbulent
manner, as water boiling fiercely in a
pot, or the sea in great commotion; be
all in a shiver or trembling, as a person's
body from cold or^fear ";(=- gedezela, qa-
qazela).

Gubuzela,?'. Cove)- over, throw a covering
over, as when covering a heap, of pota-
toes (ace.) with a mat, or a wagon witli
a sail; throw a covering over, veil the
head and face from view, as a bride
does when retired (see </<>//a) after the
wedding, or to hlonipa certain relatives ;
throw the wings over its young (ace.),
as a lien (= fukamela).

Guda, v. Milk a cow (ace), without its
calf having previously sucked (see isi-
Gudo)', 'pump' a person (ace), try craft-
ily to extract information from him (
panda) ; also = guduza.

isi-GGde (Guude), //. isi-Gceba.

Gudhla, v. Hub, or exert friction upon, as
one hard substance upon another (ace);
hence, rub up against, as a goal its back
against a tree (ace.); rub smooth, polish,
as a new hut-floor (ace.), earthen-pot,
or a hide with the scraper; give a slight

GU

rubbing, a rub or two, to tobacco leaves
on the stone, ;is when making just a
small quantity of snuff (ace.); wear off
or down by friction, as when filing a
piece of wood Or iron (ace.); go close
along the side of anything (ace.), shave
it, as a cow running close to a hut (ace);
make insinuating remarks about, hint at
a person (ace or ku sikisela, ptpiyela);
l.e of long pregnancy, take an unusually
long period of confinement before bear-
ing, as some women, cows, etc. (cp. zuza)
gudhluza. Cp. kuhla |Sw. kutua, pol-
ish; Her. kura, rub against].
Gudhlana, /-. Graze against a person (with
na), without going straightforward
against him, i.e. make insinuations about
him.

Ex. child egud/ilana naye, he continually

throwing mil hints about him.

isi-Gudhlo, h. Native rasp or scraper, for

scraping skins when preparing them;

hence, file : isi-Hldbo.
um-Gudhlo, //. .7. Soap-stone, from which

bowls for the smoking-horn are made.
Gudhlu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. gudhluka;

gudhlula; gudhluza.
u-Gudhludonga, n. An ibuto lezintombi

formed by Mpande next before the isi-

Timane, and married mostly by the

is-Angqu regiment of men.

Gudhluka (s.k.),V. Move {intra us.) or get
moved a little away or aside; make
room; go aside a bit; move slightly SO
as to alter its position, as anything re-
volving on its axis = gwedhleka, gwe-
dhluka; cp. ukuti siki.

ama-Gudhlugudhlu (no sing.), it. Rough-
ness or 'serapiness' of surface, as of a
rough-barked tree, face of an iron file,
or a piece of sandstone

Gudhlula, v. Move (trims.) or cause to get
moved a little away or aside, or slightly
round, as above — see gudhluka = gu-
dhluza, gwedhlula.

Gudhlumeza, v. Push aside forcibly, as

one person another (ace).

Gudhluza, /•. gudhla; gudhlula.

isi-Gudo, //. Mealie-g rains boiled yester-
day, re-warmed or eaten cold; cow that

is milked without her calf.

Gudu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Go along with,
follow along the course of, follow close
along by, as a traveller following a river
(ace. or with nga guduza; cp. ukuti
ngcelekeshe) ; finish completely, as a hut
i ukuti gode).

i(li)-Gudu,y/. Horn for smoking wild-hemp.
Cp. i-mBiza; isi-Tukiilu; i-nTsangu; is-

GU

Aja. [Reg. ikunda, horn; Ngw. nkondi,
hemp; Her. o-nyittigu, pipe].

Ex ukti-bcma igndu, to smoke the hemp-
horn.

P. igudu selish'amanxi, the smokiiig-honi
is now dried-up as to its water (with which
it is partly filled when smoking) — said of
one whose over-eagerness has met with a
rebuff, or whose self-confidence lias heen
Badly confounded, as expressing utter dis-
appointment or abashment.

i(li)-Gudu (Guudu),7i. Certain veldt-herb
resembling the i-nKomfe, but having a
much larger bulbous root, used as below.
N.B. The large rout of the i-Qvdu is
sometimes stuffed into a hole into which a
snake has been seen to enter. The reptile,
• >n seeking to come out, bites at the bulb,
with the result that its teeth remain fixed
therein, and there it dies. The plant, like
the i-nKomfe, is probably poisonous.

um-Gudu (Giuulu), n. 5. ■=■ um-Endo.
u(lu)-G0du ((! mid u),n. Very old buck or

other kind of game.
i-nGududu, n. = i-nTsingizi.

Gudula, v. Finish off any work (ace), give
the finishing touches to, as when levell-
ing out the sides of a mealie-pit after
having dug it out, or when painting
and decorating a newly-built room =
ukuti gudu.

i-nGudulwana, n. Young bullock whose
horns are just appearing; applied in
contempt to a youth who thinks himself
a man.

isi-Gudumezi, n. (C.N.) = isi-Kudumezi.

Guduza, v. Poke about in the dark, grope
one's way without seeing it (= guda,
dukuza)] poke about inside anything
indiscriminately, without seeing where
or what one is poking at, as when pok-
ing a stick in one's ear (ace.) when it
itches, or scraping the remaining snuff
(ace.) out of an i-shungu (also ace.) by
picking about inside with a stick, or
when poking about in a hole (ace.) to
rouse out a snake (ace. — gwangqami-
i; go along or follow the course of,
a river (ace. or with nga) when
travelling ( ukuti gudu).

Ex. ngili'nnbe ngiguduxaumnyamct, I have
D going along poking or trroping my way
in tin- dark.
Guga, /•. Grow old; be worn out, as a
much used garment; be wasted, devas-
tate, :i- ;, country 'pulled to rags' by a
passing on/,'/; be use<| or worked out,
i. no longer capable of bearing
[Her. kurwpa, be old; Sw. kongwe, old
prob. akin to kula, grow, q.v.].

206 GU

Ex. igugile leyo'ndhlu, that hut has grown
old, i. e. is old.

i%we amaBunu aligugisile, the Boers have
caused the land to be wasted, no longer in
its original good form with fields, peaceful
kraals, etc.

umuntu afwnane kiiguge ixintaba, one
finds the hills worn off (by the abundance
of cattle grazing thereon).

i-nGuganaboya,%. Any old treasured thing,
kept only as a valued curiosity.

Gugela,?'. Object.form of above — see guga.

Ex. ulcu-xi-gugela, to grow old for itself

i. e. grow old of itself by standing idle, not

being worn out in the service of somebody

else.

Gugisa, v. Wear out, as a child clothes
(ace), an impi the country (ace), or
worry a man (ace).

i(li)-Gugu, n. Anything 'dear' to one's
heart, as a much prized article, or one's
'darling' or sweetheart (= i(li)-Wala-
kahla, i(li)-Cece, i(li)-Lece); any 'dear
little thing ' i. e. nice, fancy -like, as a
fancy stick or basket, not made for
rough use; pi. ama-Gugu (sometimes in
sing.) = ama-Wala; see guguzela [Ga.
bu-guga, wealth; Sw. tunu, precious;
Her. huze, precious].

Ex. igugu lake uje, it is merely a fad,
fixed fancy of his; it is a hobby of his.

P. igugu liyadonsisivana, a fancy, taking
thing pulls boths ways, i. e. pulls itself and
gets pulled by the other, the attraction being
reciprocal — used in reference to the mutual
attachment of two young lovers.

i(li)-Gugu (Guugu), n. Black-beetle or cock-
roach. Cp. i(li)-Pela.
isi-Gugu (Guugu), n. = isi-Hudulu.

um-Gugu (Guugu), n. 5. Strong rush of
water, going with such force or violence
as to sweep away anything in its course,
as between the diffei*ent rocks in a ra-
pid, or the first on-rushing waters of a
flooded river, or as may be applied to
the um-Singa q.v. of a flooded river.

Guguba, v. = gogosa.

Guguda, v. = ququda [Sw. guguna, gnaw].

um-Gugudo, n. 5. Certain tree growing in
the coast bush-country, and whose bark
is used medicinally as a stomachic.

Gugudu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — guguda.

Gugula, v. Go off stealthily with anything
(with na of thing), as a thief after he
has pocketed somebody's property, or a
full river with the umu-Tsha of a jroung
man attempting to cross it. Comp. ku-
kula.

Gugusa, v. = gogosa.

GU 207

Guguza, v. Rumble or rattle on a shield
(ace.), as a person when scaring away
locusts = ukuti gu gu.

Guguzeka (s. k.), v. Rumble or rattle, as a
wagon in the distance when rumbling
over stony ground = ukuti gu gu.

Guguzela, v. = ivalazela.

Gula, v. Be sick (not merely feel sick —
see i-ntliziyo) [Sw. ugua, be sick].

i(li)-Gula (Guula), n. Calabash milk-vessel,
usually used for the ania-Si [At. iguna,
pot].

P. igula lendhlebe aligewale, let the milk-
vessel of the ear be filled, i. e. let our ears
hear everything, the whole story.

iHjacishe nyaya'kutenga a/magula exantsi,
I very nearly went off to buy milk-gourds
clown at the coast (where these gourds
abound), i.e. I was very nearly carried down
to the sea by the water, or drowned.

i-nGula (Guula), n. Large i(li)-Shu?igu;
also large head of a knobkerry.

i-nGulamlomo, n. Medicine or charm for
causing facial paralysis, also for drawing
all 'mouths' or opinions in a law-case
towards one's own side.

\-r\Gu\az\buya (Guulazibuya),n. = u-Nt(aba.

u(lu)-Gule, n. = u(lu)-Keke.

Guleka (s. k.), v. Go off towards one side,
get drawn towards one side, lie slant-
ingly, turn off out of the straight line or
perpendicular, as the mouth of a person
paralysed, a row of trees suddenly
going off crookedly, etc. (used in perf).

Gulekisa (s. k.), v. Turn off, or otherwise
make go off from the straight line or
perpendicular, as above.

isi-Guli, n. One chronically sick, always ill.
See gula.

Gulisa, v. Cause a person (ace.) to be sick,
whether actually or metaphor, as con-
stant worry.

Ex. uku-xi-g/ilisa, make oueself-sick i. e.
pretend to be sick.

i-nGulube, n. Pig, wild or tame (cp. i-
nDhlovtidawana; one of a certain i-buto
formed by Mpande (= i-nKone). [MZT.
a-nguluwe; Her. o-ngtiruve; Sw. ngu-
ruwe; Moz. i-kuluwe; Bor. ngurutu,
hippopotamus; Bo. ngulue, pig; Yan.
ngulu; Co. ngulu; At. guju],

i(li), or um-GOIugulu, n. 5. Certain dull blue
kind of bead, as large as a plum, worn
by Mpande (C.N.); hence, a large blear-
ed eye-ball (used when insulting a per-
son); loc. em-Gulugulwini, the place im-
mediately in front of the pillar nearest
the doorway in a Native hut and where
a bone charm may frequently be seen

GU

protruding from the ground (cp. um-
Lindaziko).
i(li)-Guluguza, n. Fruit of following (N).

um-Guluguza, n. 5. Certain tree (Strychnos
Mackenii), bearing a fruit like the um-
Illala (N).

Gulukudela (s. k.), v. — ukuti gulukudu.

Gulukudu, ukuti (ulcuthi; s. k.),v. Rush
precipitously off, into, out of, along, etc,
(not smoothly like a train or race horse
= kahlamezela, etc.), as a startled buck
rushing off into the bush, a man rush-
ing into or out of a hut, or a terrified
cow rushing precipitously down a hill.
Comp. ukuti kalakata.

Ex. nghati gidugiidu ekaga, I am just
running home for a moment (referring to the
rushing in and out on arrival, not the running
along the way).

Gulula, v. Scrape, or stroke smoothly off,
anything (ace.) of a semi-liquid nature,
as fresh mud from the boots, dung from
the intestines of a slaughtered beast,
sweat from the face by a bone scraper,
or a milker the teats of a cow that has
little or no milk; scrape or skim along
the top, side, outside, etc, as an assegai
that strikes a bone and skims off inflict-
ing only a superficial skin-wound (not
cutting into the surface flesh = gwengula)
[Her. kurura, scrape off; Sw. sugua,
scrape].

i-nGulule, n. Cheetah; small kind of mo-
nitor. [Sw. chui, leopard ; Ga. ngo, leo-
pard; Her. o-ngue, leopard; o-nguirira,
red wild cat].

Gululeka (s. k.), v. Get skimmed off, scrap-
ing along superficially, as an assegai
that strikes a bone and so slides smooth-
ly off = gwenguleka.

isi-Gulutshane (s. t.), n. An i(li)-qoma made
of grass in a certain way; one of a
certain regiment formed by Dingane and
incorporated with the um-Kulutshane.

Guluza, v. Look with big, bleared balls of
eyes— see i(li)-Gulugulu; also pakaza.

Guma, v. (N) = tsemeza.

i(li)-Guma, n. Wind-screen, erected of
reeds, tarn boo tie-grass, etc., before the
entrance to a hut (= isi-Honqo) ; the
enclosure or 'lobby' formed by such
screen; concavity of the body just above
the hips, the waist (= i(li)-Gebe; u(lu)-
Tumbu).

i-nGumane,?*. Certain blight attacking
mabeleand mealies (not the same, though
similar to isi-Wumba q.v.); person
'blighted' intellectually, an idiot.

um-Gumanqa, n. 5. Name of one of Sha-

GU

208

GU

ka's regiments, following next after the
u(lu)-Fasimba, and which had its head-
quarters at Congella, near Durban.

Gumba (Cfumbha), v. Scoop or hollow out,
as a hole with the hands, the sides of
a mealie-pit with a hoe-iron, or the ladle
of a wooden-spoon; scoop out a person
i act.), get the whole story or affair out
of him" by private asking or with reserve
when before others (—gunca; cp. kela)
= guba [Her. hupa, scoop out; Sw.
komba, scoop ont].

isi-Gumbampalo (Gwnbkampalo), n. Kind
of hawk, that preys on field-mice (C. N.).

i-nGumbane (Gumbhane), n. Certain dis-
ease, probably a spreading venereal ulcer
said to cause considerable destruction
of the tissues about the genitals = um-
Gumbane.

i(li)-Gumbe (Gumbhe), n. = i(li)-Gumbl.

Gumbeqa (Gumbheqa), v. = gumbuqa,
gubuda, gomonqa, gomboqa, etc.

Ex. uku-gombeqa amehlo, roll up the eyes,
showing only the whites — as some Na-
tives do.

i(li)-Gumbi (Gumbhi), n. Any scooped out,
hollowed out place, as in the banks of a
river or the sides of a mealie-pit, or
broad 'bulging' pot; hence, 'bulge' or
corner of a room = i(li)-Gubu, i(li)-Gu-
mbe, i(li)-Ngumbu.

u(lu)-Gumbu (Gumbhu), n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-
g it bit.

Gumbuqa (Gtimbhuqa),v. = gombokoqa.

Gumbuqu, ukuti (Gtimbhuqu, ukuthi), v. =
gumbuqa.

Gumbuza (Gumbhuza), v. (C.N.) = gubuza.

um-Gume, n. 5. = i-nGumane, um-Kume.

Gumede (only vocative), n. Title of honour
used in addressing the Zulu king, Shaka
having adopted it from the Qwabe chief
after conquering him; used also in
addressing members of the Qwabe and
Sibiya clans, of which it is the common
isl-takazo.

i-nGumu,w. = i(li)-Wenana.

i(li)-Gumugedhle, n. A quick, voracious
eater, who puts away an immense
quantity of food in no time (cp. isi-Ha-
muncana); also = um-Gxikivane; ox
with horns fallen downwards and point-
ing' backwards.

Gumuza, /•. Strip off the grains (ace) from
a mealie-cob, by rubbing them with the
hand, etc. ( — hulula; cp. xoza); also (N)
=_ tsenu ."■

i-nGuna, n. Certain stone retained in the
hand when playing uku-kobola q. v.

Gunca, v. Ask, or seek to get, information
from a person (ace.) by private pressing,
or with reserve when asking before
others, not openly = gumba.

Ex. tvombuxa, ungagunci, you must ask
him straight out, without any unnecessary
reserve.

Gunda, v. Cut, as hair (ace.) of a person
(ace); clip, shear, as a sheep (ace.) =
hula [Her. konda, cut through as with
a saw. N.B. Before the advent of scis-
sors, hair used to be cut in Zululand
by 'sawing' it with an isi-Nqindi q. v.].

i(li)-Gundane, n. Generic name for any
small animal of the rat kind. See i(li)-
Bende, i-Ngoso, i-mPuku, i-mBiba, i(li)-
BuzL

um-Gundatshani (s.t.),n.5. = um-Gxiki-
vane; also (N) = um-Cwangubane.

i(li)-Gundela, n. Man who has removed
his isi-Coco, or a betrothed girl who
afterwards removes her i-nTloko.

Gungqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gunqu.

Gungquluza, v. — gonqoloza.

um-Gungquluza, n. 5. = um-Gonqolozi.

Gungqumeza, v. = gunqumeza.

Gungquza, v. = gunquza.

i-nGungu, n. — see i-Ngungu.

isi-Gungu (Guungu), n. Small private, sec-
ret plot kept closely confined to the
few concerned (not so general or public
as an u(lu)-Zungu), as when two or
three unite to make away with a person,
or a few children plot secretly together
to run off to school (used with ukw-
enza) ; hence, anything done in secret,
when alone. Cp. u(lu)-Mbimbi; u(lu)-
Solo.

Ex. bambulala islgungu, they killed him
by a secret plot, they secretly made away
with him.

waftka wakala isigungu for isigungtvane) ,
she got and cried in secret, when by herself.

Gungubala, v. Be stiff or stiffened by
muscular contraction and presenting a
tough appearance, as the body of a man
when wrestling with another who seeks
to throw him down ; hence, be straining ;
be tough, as meat whether from its raw
quality or from insufficient boiling; be
angry internally, put out about some-
thing, as a man who doesn't care to
speak through some ruffling of temper
(used in perf.) = gunya.

i-nGungubala, n. Tough-meated beast; a
man internally irritated, out of temper.

Gungubalisa, v. Stiffen the body (ace.) as
above, strain.

GU 209

Gunguluza, v. = gongoloza.
i-nGungumbane, n. = see i-Ngungumbane.
i-nGungununu, n. = see i-Ngungununu.
Gunqu, or Gunqu gunqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v.
= gunquza; gunqumeza.

u-Gunqukubantwana (s. k.; s. t.), n. Certain
fabulous monster.

Gunquluza, v. = gonqoloza; gonqolozela.

um-Gunquluza, n. 5. = um-Gonqolozi.

Gunqumeza, v. Cause to make a rattling,
clattering noise, as one might a lot of
gourds (ace.) or pots in a hut by
violently disturbing them ; send rattling
i. e. noisily flying on all sides, as one
might a lot of frightened children in a
hut = gunquzisa.

Gunquza, v. Make a rattling, clattering
noise, as a lot of gourds or pots when
violently disturbed or knocked about, or
a lot of large stones clashing together,
or as a wagon loaded with a lot of such
things when travelling over rough
ground ; roll about, as the big eyes of a
person.

Gunquzisa, v. Cause to make a rattling
clattering noise, as the gourds (ace),
etc., above (= gunqumeza) ; roll one's
eyes (amehlo) about.

i-nGunundu, n. Thing with the point cut
off, as a horn, ear, tongue of an um-Kovu,
etc. Cp. isi-Hunu.

i-nGununundu, n. — see i-Ngununundu.

Gunya, v. = gungubala.

Gunya, ukuti (uktdhi),v.= gunyaza.

ubu-Gunyagunyana, n. Muscular stiffening
of the body, as in the execution of
violence; a straining. See gungubala.

Gunyaza, v. = gonyoza, nkunyaza.

um-Gupane (Guphane), n. 5. Simpleton,
adult with childlike intellect.

Guqa, v. Bend the knee, as a horse when
being knee-haltered; kneel (=guqa pa-
ntsi or guqa ngamadolo); make the

. customary 'flight' to her intended, as a
girl might when wishing to hasten on
payment of the lobola cattle (= baleka).
[Sen. gogoma, kneel; Sw. goti, knee].
N. B. The marriage-custom referred to
above is the same as the uku-baleka q. v.,
and was so called from the fact of a girl,
upon entering the hut in the young-man's
kraal, kneeling down in silence, by which
action the women understood the object of
her visit. Of such a girl it would be said
intombi ka'Bani is'iyoguqa ka'Bani, So-and-
so's daughter has now gone off on her guqa
visit to So-and-so's kraal.

i-nGuqa, n. Girl who is paying, or has

GU

recently paid, the guqa marriage-visit,
as above.

isi-Guqa, n. Great, powerful, wild-natured
old bull, of cattle, buffaloes, rhinoceroses,
etc., which generally goes about alone;
applied to any big, powerful, old bull,
even when ordinarily tame; powerfully
built man with much physical energy;
earthen vessel of any description, when
unusually large and heavy for its kind
= um-Huqa.

u-Guqabadele, n. Kind of isibongo or
praise-name given in recent times to the
u-Nkulunkulu of the missionaries (i.e.
God) — lit. He who is knelt down to
(in supplication) and they receive their
hearts desire (N.).

Guqisa, v. Tie up one of the fore-legs of
a cow (ace.) that doesn't allow itself to
be easily milked; knee-halter, a horse
(ace).

Guqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = guquka; guqula.

Guqubala, v. Put on clouds, become
covered with clouds, as the sky when
the south-wind rises = sitibala.

Ex. ixulu liguqubele, the sky is cloudy,
beclouded.

Guquka (s.k.),v. Get changed, or change
(intrans.), as a dead man into a snake
(ace), according to Kafir tradition; get
turned, or turn (intrans.) as a road, a
person travelling, or a garment laid out
to dry = penduka [Sw. geuka, zungu-
ka, change].

Guqukezela (s.k.),v. Turn inside out, as
a coat (ace); or upside down, as a pot,
or word when perverting it = hlane-
kezela, pendukezela.

Guqula, v. Change (trans.), as one thing
(ace) for another; change a thing into
something else (doub. ace), as water
into wine; turn a thing (ace), so as to
face or go in another direction or man-
ner = pendula [Sw. geuza, zungusha,
turn].

i-nGuqunguqu, n. Changeable person, al-
ways altering his mind.

Ex. inguqunguqu njengehlengef/ca, a person
who turns over and over like a porpoise.

i-nGurru.w. = i(li)-Gaivu; also = i-nKuhlu.

Gusha, v. Slink away, keep away, as a
man who has fallen out with another
and is ashamed to meet him face to face
(ace of pers. with el a form) [Sw. jiku-
nja, slink].

i(li)-Gusha, n. Merino sheep (N) [Hot.

gu-s, sheep].
Guxa guxa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = guxalazela.

14

GU

210

GWA

Guxalazela, r. Go along in a rickety, shaky
manner, as an old man with the knee-
bones loose, or an old rickety wagon.
Cp. eakcuela.

i-nGuxanguxa, n. Such a shaky, rickety
person or thing, as above. Cp. i-nZa-
nganzanga.

i-nGuyazana, ». (N) = i-nGiyazana.

Guza, r. Cause a person's (ace.) expec-
tations to come to the ground, disappoint
him in his wishes, as when he seeks
the loan of something and is met with
a refusal = qunda.

i(li)-Guza, >i. Large i-Shungu.

Guzeka (s.k.),v. Have one's expectations
damped or baffled, get disappointed in
one's wishes = qundeka.

Guzuka (s.k.),v. Get forcibly obstructed,
tripped, or struck on the foot, shin, or
head, by some obstruction on one's path,
as a stone, log of wood, or projecting
branch of a tree (= quzuka, kubeka);
forcibly removed, by wrenching off,
knocking out, tearing up, etc., as when
wrenching off a dry branch, tearing up
and off a big tree-root, or kicking out
a stone loosely projecting above the
soil.

Guzula, v. Forcibly strike against, trip,
obstruct, as a stone (nora.), log of wood,
or projecting branch of a tree might a
person (ace.), wagon, etc., when travel-
ling (= qir.uhi, kuba); remove forcibly,
as by wrenching off, tearing up, knock-
ing out, etc., as a dry branch (ace.) from
a tree, a root from the ground, or a
projecting stone from one's path (— qu-

-.uhl).

i-nGuzungu, ». Anything of a lumpy,
bulky, solid-massy nature remarkably
large for its kind, as an unusually large
lump of clay, a huge pumpkin, a large
stone or rock.

Gwaba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gwabaza.

Gwaba (Gwabha),v. = gobha.

Gwaba, v. I tattle about the hide-shield
[naesihlangu), throwing it quickly from
Bide to aide, pretending to parry off
blows, as when testing it; (N) rumble,
make the continuous noise of rushing,
tumbling water, as over the stones or
sades of a river; sing in company,
from the continuous noise kept up.

i(li)-Gwababa, n. White-necked raven (Cor-
vultur albicollw ) or carrion crow (=
)-Hlungulu, i(li)-Hubulu); white-
bellied '-row (('owns scapulatus — N.
i(li)-Owababana) [Ar. ghurdb, crow;
Her. e-koara\ Sw. kimguru].

P. ueywababa lixe lipate umyodo, notitlo-
yile afise, even the crow gets to have an
excrement (which) the hawk would be glad
to get — said to a person who has refused
to help another in need == I am poor to-day,
but may live to have something you would
like to possess.

i-nGwababana, n. African rook {Hetero-
corax capensis) or cornland crow; also
(N) white-bellied crow (Corvtis scapula-
tus = Z. i(li)-Gwababa) = i-nGwabaza-
ne, i-nGwagivabana.

Gwabalanda, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Arrive for
nothing, in vain, fruitlessly, as when one
arrives on a visit to a friend and finds
him away, or goes to fetch something
which he finds is no longer there. Cp.
gongoloza.

Ex. ngite ywabakinda, anyabe nyimfica, I arriv-
ed for nothing ; I didn't find him there.

Gwabaza, v. (C. N.) = qwabaza.

i-nGwabazane, n. = i-nGwababana.

Gwabelana, v. Sing with rivalry, vie one
with another in singing or dancing, as
two contesting parties; be in a wild
commotion, rushing, dashing about on
all sides, as the seething waters of rocky
rapids in a river (N).

izi-nGwabi (no sing.), n. Loose rubbish,
stalks, etc., swept along by an overflow-
ing river ( the true meaning of the
word is uncertain, as it is now obsolete
save in the following phrase). Cp. u(lu)-
Divani.

Ex. amfula us'iidhla izinyicabi, the river
has now overflowed its banks, is sweeping
off the rubbish from the lands alongside.

i(li)-Gwabisi, n. Guava [Eng.].

in-Gwabiyo, n. = i-nGwagila.

Gwabu, ukuti (Givabhu, ukuthi), v. = giva-
buza.

Gwabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gwabuka; gtva-
bula.

isi-Gwabugwabu (Gwabhugivabhu), n. An
over-eager person, given to eating with
greedy haste, dancing with impetuosity,
etc.

isi-Gwabugwabu, n. Person with a touchy,
quickly irritated temper, flying into a
rage at once.

Gwabuka (s. k.), v. Spring back, fly back,
rebound, as a bent stick or spring of
any kind (= kwebuka); go back on one's
word or promise; go off in a rage,
immediately fly into a temper, as an
irritable, untouchable person ; get opened,
turned, or pulled back, as the door of
a hut or the lid of a tin; get deducted
or taken from, as a small quantity from

GWA

21

an over-full basket of potatoes or from
an over-flowing pot of beer.

Gwabula, v. Make spring back, go back
on one's promise, or go off into a rage,
as above (= kwebula) ; pull, turn, or
open back, as a hut-door (ace), lid of
a meat-tin, or stone from a mealie-hole;
hence, often used for 'open' generally;
deduct a small quantity so as to reduce
the excess, as of beer (ace.) in a pot or
potatoes in a basket (= pungula).

Phr. uku-gwabula isitupa, to deduct the
sixth finger i.e. to make it five; uku-gwa-
bula ishumi, to deduct a little from ten *. e.
to make it nine.

Gwabuza or Gwabuzela (Gwabhuza), v. Do
anything in an over-eager, over-hasty
manner, impetuously, or with a sudden
outburst of energy, as a child ravenously
eating food (ace), an impetuous person
dancing with undue quickness, or one
pegging away at some manual work in
momentary spurts of activity.

Gwaca, v. Sit crouchingly, squat low upon
the ground, as an old woman with the
body resting close over the knees, or a
boy concealing himself beneath the grass
(used in perf.).

isi-Gwaca, n. Small kind of quail (C. N.).
P. isigwaca csisuka ,muva sikolwa ixa-
gila, the quail that's last to leave will get
his full of the sticks; also —

isigwaca silindHnduku, the quail waits
for the stick (from its slowness to move) —
said to reprove the dilatoriness of a person (N.).

Gwacela, v. Go round the side of a house
or hill, as in order to escape notice
(C. N.). Cp. gwegwesa.

Gwadhla, v. = gwanqamisa.

i-nGwadhla, n. Any tim-Konto (for which
it was an old name).

Gwadhlalaza, v. Strike at, peg away at
without any effect, as at a very hard
rock with a pick, or at a nail that no
longer enters, or at an obstinate person.

i(li)-Gwadhle, n. Any small piece of stone
used by herd-boys for playing pitch-and
toss or building with on the veldt, and
gen. selected on account of its hardness ;
hence, granite, or similar hard rock,
from which such stones may be knocked
off; tough-looking, hard, muscular body
(also in plur. ama-Gwadhle); or person
with same.

u(lu)-Gwadhlu, n. An irregular, erratic way
of acting, out of the usual, on a way of
one's own, as when a man marries off
his daughter without fulfilling the ordi-
nary customs, or strikes out a path for

1 GWA

himself and different from that of other
travellers.

Ex. mi/mema ngogwadhlu nje, you invite
us (to come and help you at work) in a
quite unusual manner (e. g. having provided
no beer for us)

Gwadhlula, v. Use leverage in any way,
;is to press back or raise up a thing
(ace.) with a crowbar or strong-stick.

isi-Gwadhlulo, w. Stick for poking in be-
tween the wattles when hut-building in
order to press them apart and so faci-
litate the passing of the string.

Gwadhluluza, v. Talk to a person (ace),
turn upon him, crossly, violently, as
when replying, disputing, etc.

isi-Gwadi,w. Unmarried man rejected or
disliked by the girls, who cannot get a
sweet-heart or wife = isi-Shonkolo.

u-Gwadigwadi, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Shoshi.

i-nGwagila, n. Long crutched stick, used by
a woman for pulling down the branches
when gathering firewood = i-nGwabiyo.

Gwagqa, v. = gwaqa.

Gwagqama, v. = gwaqama.

Gwagqaza, v. = gwaqaza.

i(li)-Gwagwa, n Pumpkin-leaf; ear, of man
or beast, i. e. the whole external flap
thereof (not the soft lower lobe = isi-
Cubu); also = um-Gwagwa [Ra. gwa,
ear ; Li. gwitwe; Kwe. i-gutwe; Be. i-
kutwe; Gal. i-twe; Ga. kutu; Nywe. tun;
Tat. it].

i-nGwagwa, n. (C. N. fr. Xo.) = i(li)-Shaza.

um-Gwagwa, n. 5. Butter (cp. i(li)-Pehlwa) ;
hence, any wrhite thing, as a horse or
garment (= isi-Washaivasha) ; anything
turned 'white' i. e. faded, as a red curtain
or black coat (= um-Papateka) ; also =
um-Ktvakiva.

i-nGwagwabana, n. = i-nGwababana.
Gwagwasa, v. Rumble, as thunder; growl,

as an angry man.
i(li)-Gwahuba, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Gwababa.

i(li)-Gwahubana, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Gwaba-
bana.

Gwaja, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be brimming
full, as water in a vessel, or people in
a hut, or cattle very numerous in any
place; make brimming full, as a bucket
(ace.) with water, or water in a bucket.

i(li)-Gwaja, n. = u-Nogivaja.

Gwala, v. = gqwala.

i(li)-Gwala, n. Coward i.e. one who runs
away from the fight, not a bully (which
latter characteristic, though common
enough, doesn't seem to have been deem-

14*

GWA

ed sufficiently important to be given
a namo)^=- i(fi)-Vaka; i(li)-Yayatcka.

P. is'fmagtcala 'mabili, the affair [in-daba)
ia dow a doable coward — each party having
l»eon tor some reason afraid to attack or prose-
cute the other.

Y./>\ Warriors accused of cowardice were,
in Zululand, immediately killed upon their
return from the right, by beiug told to hold
up their arms and stabbed in the side, to
the tune of the song:—

ketun'a may wa yo-ono-ho-o-o-ho-o-o, etc., pick
out the cowards, etc.

u(lu)-Gwala, n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Nkwindi.

ubu-Gwala, n. Cowardice.

i(li)-Gwalagwala, it. Green Loury (Turacus
corythaix).

Thr. itkit-m-tivcsa iyivalayicala, to make a
person carry a loury-t'eather, i.e. a striking
ornament = to deal a person a blow on the
head so as to draw blood (see i(li)-Qolo).

Gwalakaqa (s. k.), v. = kwalakaqa.

isi or i-nGwaligwali, n. One with fiery,

ggling eyes, as though about to gobble

up all about him — may be used of a

ravenous greedy eater, or a red-eyed

fierce-looking person.

Gwaliza, v. Strain in the face, as when
choking, from food, anger, or drowning;
hence, used to express, choke oneself,
eating greedily; be choking, as an in-
fant eating too hurriedly; be in a red
fury, as an angry man; be drowning =
guriliza.

um-Gwamanda, n. 5. = um-Gwamanqa.

Gwamanqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Assemble
• •ther in a body.

Ex. ngifumanise abesifazana bete gwa-
inqa mdhlini inye, I found the women-
folk collected together in the same hut.

um-Gwamanqa, n. 5. Body of people in
any way congregated together in one
place, whether living (as a community
• if young men at a military-kraal), sit-
tin_ men assembled together to try

a case), or working (as a road or field-
party, of one or both sexes); hence, as-
nbly, congregation, community, com-
pany iiin-diramanda. Cp. um-Hla-
ino.
Ex, us'emgivamanqeni, he is at the meeting.
ub'vhiangene wonfee mnyicatnamjn iramarfo-
da, the whole male community was assembled.
isi-Gwamba ((lira mbha),n. Any semi-
fluid food become unduly thick, as por-
ridge with too much meal in, amasi, etc.;
food prepared of imifino mixed with
mealie-dough and boiled, and mostly
ten by women (= isi-Jabane).

212 GWA

Gwambaqa, ukuti (Gwdmbhaqa, ukuthi), v.
Meet closely or thoroughly together, as
the two arms of a circle; go right round,
encircle entirely, as a belt round one's
body, or an impi round a kraal (ace).
Cp. haqa; ukuti ne.

Gwamelana, v. Vie writh one another,
strive to out-do, or compete with one
another, as two women quarrelling or
doctors competing with one another to
bring down some evil by incantations
or charms. Cp. ncintisana.

i-nGwane, n. Cuttle-fish (C. N.). = i-mBa-
mbela, i-mBambezela.

i-nGwanekana (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = i-nGane-
kwane.

i(li)-Gwanga, n. Anything half-raw, half-
cooked, as a piece of meat, potato, etc.
Cp. i(li)-Gwanya.

Gwangalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
gwangtvalazi.

Gwangqa, Gwangqama, Gwangqameza,
Gwangqamisa, Gwangqeka, v. (N) = giva-
qa, gwaqama, gwaqameza, gtvaqamisa,
givaqeka.

i(li)-Gwangwa, n. (N) = i(li)-Gwanga.

Gwangwalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do, strike,
throw, etc., without effect i. e. miss the
mark, fail, as when throwing at a bird
(ace), striking a nail with a hammer,
administering an ineffective medicine,
or failing to find what one had expected
or wished for. Cp. gongoloza.

Gwanqa, v. Strive hard, wrestle with, peg
away at any difficult task (ace), or study ;
also = gwaqa generally.

i-nGwanqa, n. = i-nGtvaqa.

Gwanqama, v. = gtvaqama.

Gwanqameza, v. = gwaqameza.

Gwanqamisa, v. = gwaqamisa.

Gwanqeka (s. k.), v. = gwaqeka.

isi-Gwantshini (s. t.), n. = isi-Gwatshini.

isi-Gwanxo, n. = isi-Qongqwane.

Gwanya, v. Be hard, tough, etc., as fruit
not yet ripe, or potatoes or meat only
half cooked (cp. vutwa); be in 'hard
flesh' i. e. in full growing bodily vigour,
as a youth or girl between the ages of
about 14 and that of marriage, after
which the body is supposed to commence
to ripen or soften down (used in perf.).

i(li)-Gwanya, n. Anything still hard or
raw, as above. Cp. i(li)-Tubela ; i(li)-
Givanga.

Gwapuluza (Gwaphuluza), v. = hwapuluza.

Gwapuluzi, ukuti (Gwdphuluzi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti hwapu.

GWA

213

GWE

Gwaqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = givaqaza.

Gwaqa, adj. Difficult, hard, requiring
much exertion or wrestling with, as any
y/\ work or study ; of a complexion neither
dark nor fair, ?'. e. medium dark.

Gwaqa, v. Poke about in the dark (with
ximnyama or ngomnyama), grope one's
way without being able to see it (=
gwaqaza, guduza, gnda) ; poke or rake
about inside anything indiscriminate-
ly and, as it were, in the dark, as when
twirling a stick in the ear (ace.) when
it itches, or poking a stick about inside
a calabash (ace.) to rake out the remain-
ing pulp (ace), or when thrusting a
stick about in a hole (ace.) to rouse out
a snake (ace.) (= gwaqaza, guduza,
gwaqamisa); peg away at any difficult
work (ace), strive hard to master it, as

>to be able to read English (ace.) (=
givaqaza, gwanqa).

i-nGwaqaor Gwaqangwaqa, n. Any difficult,
hard thing, requiring much striving
about or exertion, as any difficult task
or study (see gwaqa) ; any place covered
closely with large stones, as some
hill-sides and precipitous ascents (see
gwaqa).

Gwaqama, v. Get roused about, driven
here and there, as a snake (nom.) when
poked at in its hole, or lazy Kafirs in a hut
when roused out violently by their
master; rattle one against the other, as
a number of gourds or pots standing-
close together when shaken (=gunquza).

Gwaqameza, v. = gwaqamisa.

Gwaqamisa, v. Rouse up or out, as a snake
(ace.) by poking at it in its hole, or lazy
Kafirs in a hut by visiting them with
violence, or a buck by throwing stones
in the bush where it has hidden; make
rattle against one another, as a lot of
pots (ace.) or gourds standing close to-
gether by disturbing them (= gunqu-
meza).

i-nGwaqangwaqa, n. = i-nGwaqa.

Gwaqaza, v. Rattle i. e. make a rattling,
knocking sound with anything (ace),
as a man walking over rocky ground,
knocking as he goes with his staff, or
bulls rattling together the horns when
fighting ; also = gwaqa.

Ex. lel'ixwi liyasigwaqaxisa, this word
causes us to rake away at our brains (see
gwaqa), striving to get out its meaning, i.e.
it is a difficult word to explain.

Gwaqeka (s. k.), v. Get striven about, re-
quire much striving or wrestling with,
as any difficult job, or puzzling study.

i-nGwaqo, n. = i-nGwaqa.

um-Gwaqo, n. ;~>. Kafir highway i.e. impor-
tant path much used by everybodj',
such as existed between the kraals of
the different indunas, military kraals,
and the royal residences; hence, road,
wagon-road.

isi or i-nGwatshini (s.t.),n. Person with a
big, sturdy, muscular body.

i-nGwavu, n. Leopard = i-nGwe [Bo. ngu-
ruma; Her. otyi-mbarungue].

Gwavuma, v. Growl (in a low murmuring
manner), as an angry dog or other ani-
mal (the following being more commonly
used of man) = gwavurmda, bavumula;
cp. hahama [Sw.nguruma, vuma, growl ;
Ga. urugumd].

i-nGwavuma, n. Certain tree, growing in
the bush-country.

Gwavumula, v. Growl, as an angry man,
or a dog (for which the preceding is
more commonly used ).

Gwaxula, v. = baxabula.

u-Gwayana, n. Certain veldt-plant, having
tobacco-like leaves which are used as an
emetic.

u-Gwayi, n. Tobacco; snuff [Ar. dukhan;
Ga. taba; Her. oma-kaya; Sa. gundu;
Xo. gwada, take snuff].

Ex. ukubema ugwayi, to make snuff; also,
to smoke tobacco.

uku-gaya ugwayi, to take snuff.
ugwayi wamakasi, leaf-tobacco.
ugwayi wamakala, snuff.
P. ugwayi nentlaba, tobacco and aloes
(the pungent ashes of which are invariably
mixed with the former in preparing snuff)
— said of inseparable friends or lovers.

isi-Gwayi, n. Tobacco-plantation; small,
insignificant kraal having only one or
two huts.

u-Gwayi-ka'Kolo (Kholo), or u-Gwayi ka-
'Ntloyile, n. Puff-ball, a kind of powdery
fungus growing on the veldt.

Gwaza, v. Stab, as a person (ace.) or ani-
mal with a spear or knife (comp. hlaba);
get as far as, reach to, as a person when
journeying, or a row of trees when
reaching to a certain point [Ar. gar ah,
to wound; Ba. Sa. guanza, arrow; Ga.
biva, a wound; mwambi, arrow; Her.
yaha, to wound ; omu-zi, arrow ; Va.
gawa, to wound].

i-nGwazi, n. = i-nXeleha.

um-Gwazo, n. 5. A stabbing.

i-nGwe, ?i. Leopard; applied also to a
ferocious man = i(li)-Jele, /'(HJ-Shikane.
Comp. i(/i)-Hlosi; i-nGulule [Reg. i-
ngwe; Ga. ngo; Sw. chui; Sen. nyaru-
gue; Her. otyi-mbarungue].

GWE

Phr. ukicetuVingtre — see Hula.
P. ingue kaijilali nembuxi, the leopard
doesn't lie with the goat — may be used by
a sirl of a youne man whose attentions she
spurns.

mgtce idhla ngamahala ago, the panther
shows off by Its spots (without which it
would be of no beauty) — so too, a young
man should decorate himself, if he wants to
look nice.

isi-Gwe, n. Bright red finch having black
on the throat and wings (cp. i-nTaka-
ntsentse); flower of the pumpkin plant;
an ir-Cimbi of any kind when already
old and of brownish colour.

Gweba, v. Thrust or poke at with the horn,
as one ox at another (ace.) to drive it
away (even though the horn doesn't
reach its body; cp. hlaba); treat a child
(ace.), as below.

N.B. Every Native child is supposed to be
tainted at birth with a constitutional defect
called isi-i/irebu, which is held to be the
cause of several ailments, as unusual sexual
irritation causing lecherous inclinations in
adults, disposition to eczema, etc. To get
rid of this taint, the stem of a castor-oil or
an inn se )ujr leaf, or a stalk of fibre, is
thrust by the mother into the rectum of the
child and vigorously twirled round between
both hands (as when beating up an egg),
until, by the scraping on the membrane of
the bowels, blood is copiously drawn. Not
infrequently children die as the result of the
proceeding. This is one of those barbarous
customs -till permitted to be practised by
the Natives, and is one of the most glaring
examples of the stupendous ignorance of
these people.

isi-Gweba, n. Bad-blood or 'heat' supposed
to be in the body of nearly every Native
child until subjected to the process of
ukur-gweba, as above; sometimes applied
to the inordinate lust in male or female,
Bupposedly caused by this 'bad-blood'
not having been worked off.

Gwebeda, v. Scrape away, with a spoon
or UnDebe, the remnants of porridge,
etc. (ace) at the sides and bottom of a
>kmg-pot (ace. — not used of cleaning
out with the fingers i.e. kotulula) hwe-
beda, gwegweda.

isi-Gwebedhla, n. Very powerful, fierce
(or fear-inspiring) man, of any height
(cp. isirQwaga; i-nTsazayiya); certain
v fatal, infectious disease, said to
have been introduced from Tonga or
azi-land, manifesting itself mainly by
an extensive corrosion of the abdominal
apertures, commencing with the anus
and thence working inwards, and finally

214 GWE

culminating in a spinal inflammation
and death (cp. i-nGumbane).
Gwebedu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Scrape without
result the bottom of an empty food- ves-
sel, as when one puts in his spoon or
open-hand thinking to find something
therein but only scrapes the pot; be
completely finished, as food, leaving only
the pot to scrape.

isi-Gwebo, n. = isi-Gweba.

i(li)-Gwebu (freq. used in plur. ama-Gwe-
bu). n. General name for anything of a
spumous nature; hence, froth, as of beer ;
lather, as of soapsuds; foam, as from
an animal's mouth (== i(li)-Pukupu) ;
scum, as on the top of a cauldron of
boiling water (= isi-Lungulela) — see
the following [Her. ottia-ngtmiba, foam ;
Sw. povii).

Phr. ugcivele igivebu lokutukutela , he is
choked with anger.

i-nGwebu, n. = i(li)-Givebu — the word
most commonly used for u-tshwala,
milk, and animals.

Ex. imvu kutiwa iyaqilixa ingwebu uma

idhla umahambanendhhvana, it is said that
the sheep gives forth foam (at the mouth)
if it eats a psychid-moth larva.

u-Gwebula, n. Itch, in man; scab, in sheep
and goats ; mange, in dogs = u(lu)-Twayi.

Gweda, v. Perfect i. e. finish entirely, as
a hut (ace), dress, etc. ; do to perfection,
as anything (ace.) done or made in a
thoroughly good, skilful manner; give
the finishing touches to a thing (ace),
perfect it, as when paring off the last
irregularities on a wooden-pot (ace.) or
a knobkerry.

Gwedhla, v. Make to move away or aside
a little ( = gwedhlula, gudhlula) ; hence,
make a boat (ace.) shift or move, i. e.
paddle or row it.

isi-Gwedhla, n. = isi-Gwebedhla.
Gwedhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = givedhluka;

gwedhlula.
Gwedhluka (s. k.), v. = gudhluka.
Gwedhlula, v. = gudhlula, gwedhla.
Gwedhluza, v. = gudhluza, gwedhlula.

i-nGwedi,w. One who produces 'perfect'
work ; hence, thoroughly efficient, skil-
ful doer (see gweda) = i-nGcwedi,
i-nGcwepeshi.

isi or i-nGwedo, n. Paring or graving
iron, used by Native carvers.

i-nGwekazana, v. Little female leopard;
applied to a wild angry female, a vixen.

Gwegwa, v. Form into a hook, as a piece
of wire (ace); form into a hooked or

GWE

215

GWE

angular line, as a troop of soldiers when
wheeling to the left; go in zigzag hooks
and sharp curves, as a road up a steep
hill ; draw or catch up a thing (ace.) with
a hook; hook a person (ace), enticing
him by promises [Sw. ki-ngoc, hook for
fruit-gathering].

i(li) or isi-Gwegwe, n. A crooked i.e. curv-
ed, not straight, thing, as a bow, or
bandy-legs = i(li)-Gioenxe; i(li)-Kwe-
mbe.

Ex. uCetsh/rayo waifc ng'amagwegwe,
Cetshwayo was bandy-legged.

i-nGwegwe, n. Hook, of any kind; crook;
thing with a hook or crook, as a
crutched stick ; also = u(lu)-Dhlambe-
dhlu.

Gwegweda, v. = gwebeda.

Gwegwesa, v. Go from the direct path
taking a round-about way, make a
detour, as when wishing to avoid a cer-
tain person or place (ace. with ela form)
= gwema; cp. shalaza.

u-Gweje, n. The odd one left over (from
any number), as when pairing or
combining in any way (N).

i-nGweje, n. Any bright red or brown
thing, as an um-sintsi flower, a new-born
Native child (Kafir idea of colour), or a
fair or yellow-skinned Native.

i-nGwejeje, n. Kind of squirrel = i-nTshi-

ndane.

i(li)-Gwele, n. Maize-water, made by pour-
ing hot water on crushed mealies or
mabele mixed with malt and allowed to
stand till the water has become slightly
soured by fermentation = i(li)-Piliba,
i(li)-Shontshosi, i(li)-Tonto.

i-nGwele (collect.), n. Two kinds of red
beads, a large and a small, said to have
been Shaka's favourite kind — they
probably came through Portuguese ter-
ritory along with the i(li)-Masa and isi-
Simbula and are no longer in vogue.

u(lu)-Gwele, n. Dry icy-cold wind, such
as blows down from the snow-capped
Drakensberg on an otherwise bright
sunny day in winter (= u-Mbayiyana) ;
a cold-hearted, feelingless person who
never sheds a tear; such a quality of
nature [Sa. zele, cold; Her. o-mbepera,
cold ; oma-kende, snow ; Sw. theluji,
snow].

Ex. lipendule ugwele, it (the i-xtilu) has
changed to a crisp icy wind.

i(li)-Gwelo,w. Shred of skin (C.N.).

Gwema, v. = gwegwesa.

isi-Gwembe (Gwembhe), n. Person having

crooked arms or bandy legs = isi-Kwe-
mbe, isi-Kwembeza, isi-Gwenxe.

u(lu)-Gwembe (Gweembhe),n. Native meat-
tray carved out of wood (= u(lu)-Gqo-
ko) ; piece-of gristly flesh on the flank
of a beasti; (C.N.) girls' dance wherein
all hold hands and run round together.

i(li)-Gwence, n. Deceitful, double-tongued
person whose talk cannot be trusted =
i(li)-Kwence.

Gwenceza, v. Talk in a deceitful, double-
tongued manner generally from bad
character. See above.

Gwenda, v. Shave a thing (ace.) i. e. miss
reaching it slightly, as when throwing
at a bird, passing very near a certain
kraal, etc.; also = gwendula- generally.
Cp. ukuti gwangwalazi; geja.

Gwende, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gwenda.

Gwendu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gwenduka;
gioendula.

Gwenduka (s. k.), v. = gwenguka.

Gwendula, v. = gwengula.

Gwenduleka (s.k.),v. = gwenguleka, kwe-
ntuleka.

Gweneneza, v. Cry in a long, feelingful
manner, as a child crying for the return
of its mother [Bo. ngwingwi, sob].

u-Gwengce, n. Shrub, whose bulbous root
is eaten (C.N.).

Gwengu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gwenguka;
gwengula; ukuti gwendu, kwentu, or
yoyi.

Gwenguka (s. k.), v. Get done only super-
ficially or taken off slightly from the
top, as a very fine shaving from a spoon
being pared or plank planed, or the
surface-grass from a plot of ground
when being centa'd, or an affair when
related only superficially and with the
omission of its chief details; spring
back, recoil, as the bent stick of a trap,
or a person from his allegiance, promise,
or contract by which he has bound him-
self to another (ace. with ela form =
kwebuka) = gwenduka, kwentuka, qtve-
nguka.

Gwengula,?;. Do only superficially, taking
off slightly from the top, as when par-
ing a spoon or planing a board with
very fine shavings, or finely hoeing off
the surface grass from a plot of ground
(comp. gulula), or when relating an
affair in a superficial manner omitting
or withholding its main details ; make
spring back, or recoil, as the bent
stick (ace.) of a trap, or a person from
his allegiance, promise, or contract by
which he is bound (romp, kwebula, hlu-

GWE

216

GWI

bula) = gtomdula, k wen tit la. gwenda,
qwengvla, yoyiza.

Gwenguleka (s. k.), v. Get to do or be done
only superficially, run along- near the
surface, as a bullet or assegai when
cutting along through the outer layer
of flesh. Comp. gululeka.

i(li) or isi-Gwenxe, n. = i(li)-Gwegwe.

i(li)-Gwenya, //. Fruit of the iim-Gwenya
or Kafir-plum tree.

i-nGwenya, n. Crocodile; ear of Kafir-corn
not thoroughly threshed [Reg. ngwe-
mta, crocodile; Ga. gonya, crocodile].

P. ingtcenya idhVuhlobo eyaka yalydhla,
the crocodile eats that kind which it has
.nice eaten— might be said of any heredi-
tary disease that is working havoc among
any particular breed or tribe.

um-Gwenya, u. 5. Kafir-plum tree {Harpe-
pkyllum Caffrum, or Odina Caffra).

isi-Gwenyana, n. Small crocodile, said to
be a distinct species and less dangerous
than the i-nGwenya.

Gweva, v. Refuse greedily what one ought
to give up, as cattle (with na of thing)
by rights belonging to somebody else,
or food = gwevuka, govuka.

u-Gwevana, n. (C.N.) = u-Govana.

Gwevu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gweva.

i(li)-Gwevu, n. (X.) = i(li)-Dhlaku.

i-nGwevu, n. Ox, of any colour, having
the front parts (face and chest) grey
. white carrying spots of a darker
colour (cp. i-mPemvu); person showing
grey amongst his black hair i.e. turning
y, iron-grey (not whitely grey =
\rmPunga)\ (C.N. from Xo.) a grey
tiling, as cow or grey -haired man (=
irmPunga).

Ex. uMdvishvXwa us'ey'ingwevu, Mdu-
tsholwa is already turning grey or iron-grey.

i-nGwevu (Gweevu), n. Small plant grow-
ing in coast bush-country whose stalks
used for the uni-Tshumo.

ii,,)i.<lnini<> iiiimi Hijiuyireni, mysmok-
ing-tabe is an ingwevu-sbsXk.

ubu-nGwevu, n. = ubu-Ngwevu.
Gwevuka (». k.), v. = govuka, gweva.
i(li) or isi-Gwexe, n. = i(li)-Gwenxe.
Gwi, ukuti (ill,- ut hi), v. Be chock-full (=

ukuti 9Wt)\ make the gulping sound of
wallowing ( ukuti gwintei).
u(lu)-Gwibisholo, //. Bow, of an arrow.

Cp. um-Cibisholo.
Gwica, /•. <lul|i or guzzle away at any

food ' ■'■■ <liink oreat largely and

eedily. Cp. gwintsa; gwiliza; kintsa.

i-nGwici, n. Gulping of the swallow, as
when a person drinks ; large drinker or
eater.

i(li)-Gwigwi, n. Gulp, whether of the swal-
low or of food.

Ex. ng'exwa ew'ehlisa amagwigwi, I heard
him letting down the gulps.

i(li)-Gwigwigwi, n. Dark-brown bird, that
is given to eating the ama-bele; also =
i(li)- Gwigwi.

i(li)-Gwija, n. = i(li)-Jadu.

GwVji, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gwinji.

i(li)-Gwijo, n. = i(li)-Jadu; (C. N.) stick or
spring by which a snare is set for birds.
Cp. u(lu)-Gibe; ukuti kwintshi.

GwTli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gwilika; gwiliza.

i(li)-Gwili, n. = i(li)-Ngqomfi.

isi-Gwili.w. Greedy, gluttonous eater (=
isi-Gege, ili-Govu); also applied to a
hycena (= i-mPisi).

um-Gwili, n. 5. Kind of edible gourd ( i-
sehva ) of a hard nature that doesn't
readily soften and mash in the cooking
(see u-Zaza); person stubbornly given
over to bad ways, who will not allow
himself to be cured.

Gwilika (s.k.),v. Go back on one's word
as given to a person (ace), as when one
refuses to do, give, lend, etc., what he
had already promised or undertaken =
kwebuka, gwenguka.

Ex. ivabuya wanyigwilika, awaba esavuma,
he afterwards refused his promise to me and
no longer agreed.

Gwilikica (s.k.),v. Talk or act in a cun-
ning, shifting manner, habitually turning
back on one's word, one moment as-
serting a thing and the next as seriously
denying it. Comp. gwenceza, picipieiza.

i(li)-Gwilikici (s.k.),n. One who talks or
does as above. Comp. i(li)-Givence, i(li)-
Picipici.

ubu-Gwilikici (s. k.), n. Character or man-
ner of talking or acting, as above.

i(li)-Gwilintsi (s.t.),n. — i(li)-Ngqomfi.

Gwiliza, v. = gwaliza.

i(li)-Gwiliza, n. == i(li)-Ngqomfi

i(li)-Gwinci, n. Any zigzag thing, as a
mountain path or very winding river;
chevron pattern in Native wood-carving
or beadwork = i(li)-Zombe.

Gwinciza, v. Go in a zigzag or chevron-
like manner, as a very winding moun-
tain path = gonciza, zombeza.

Gwinja, v. Dip down suddenly, as a
swallow flying or a man bobbing down
to avoid a blow.

GWI

21

GwTnji, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Duck or bob
down suddenly out of sight, as a boy
in the grass, or a bird to avoid a blow
= ukuti gontshi; cp. ukuti shoni.

Ex. yiiti yona eloku. Hi qamu, ywinji, otsha-
nini? what is that constantly bobbing up
and down in the grass ?

Gwinqa, v. Bolt, gulp down in lumps,
swallow whole, as unchewed food (ace),
pills, or whole mouthfuls of liquid
(= ginga); absorb, suck up, as the earth
does water (ace.) when spilt on it (= koto);
be wetty, damp (used in perf = have
drunk in water), as the sides of a hut
after rain, or a mealie-pit; be moist,
clammy, as the skin of a person when
about to perspire (used in pert'.).

Gwintsa (s. t.), v. = ukuti gwintsi.

GwVntsi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. = ukuti gun.

i(li)-Gwintsi or Gwintsana (s. t.), n. Blue-
bird, or Green starling ( Lamprocolius
phcenicopterus) \ also Black-bellied star-
ling {Lamp, melanog aster) = i(li)-Kwezi; j
also = i(li)-Gwigwi.

Gwintsika (s. k.), v. Get gulped or swallowed
down — see ukuti gwi.

Gwintsitsoko (s. k.), int. (C.N.) = gwitsoko.

Gwinya, v. Swallow, i.e. simply pass down
the gullet, as food (ace.) — fr. the sound
made by the throat, gwi, in passing food
or drink. See ukuti gwi [Her. ovi-inyo,
the swallow].

isi-Gwinyamadoda, n. Torpedo-fish (? — N)
= i(li)-Sava.

Gwitsoko (s. k.), int. (C. N.) = qibugele.

Gwiya, v. (C. N.) = giya.

Gxa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Leak or drip out
abundantly, run out, as water from a
hole in a bucket, or split in an earthen
pot; make leak or drip abundantly, as
a hut letting in the rain in all directions ;
dribble, let the spittle fall out abundantly,
as a child = gxaza.

isi-Gxa, n. Iron rod, or wooden stake,
used by a Native doctor for digging up
medicinal roots; used for drilling-machine
= u(lu)-Grxa, isi-Mbo.

u(lu)-Gxa, n. Iron rod, or stake, as above;
fee for using it, nowadays a goat or
half-a-sovereign.

N.B. This is the first or preliminary charge
or retaining-fee made by a doctor on a patient,
followed by several others ( generally small
stock required by the doctor for purposes of
treatment) during the course of the disease,
and finally a beast upon the final recovery
of the patient. No beast is paid if the
treatment has been plainly unsuccessful.

7 GXA

i(li)-Gxaba (Gxabha), n. Dirtiness, unclean-
linoss, untidiness of manners, as shown
in the preparing or eating of food,
one's clothing, etc.; such a dirty-man-
nered, unclean, untidy person; such
vessels, clothing, etc.

i-nGxabalazi, n. Food, of a mashy, por-
ridgy nature, of which the ingredients
have not well combined, as pumpkin or
potato mash where the water seems to
settle alone = ubu-Xabalazi.

i-nGxabangxoza, n. Thoroughly entangled,
complicated together, inseparably mixed-
up thing, as a heap of loose string, or
confused affair.

Ex. se/aty'inyxabanyjroxa, aiuate uolimi, it
is now mutual entanglement (i.e. there is no
longer getting them apart), a case of the
spittle and the tongue — as might be said of
two lovers.

i-nGxabano, n. Quarrel, strife (mod. use).

i-nGxabo, n. A root, i. e. single branch
thereof, of any plant -- this is the only
word now used in Zululand, owing to
the word i-mPande q. v. being hlonipaW.

Gxagxaza, v. Be running, leaking, or drip-
ping out abundantly — freq. form of
ukuti gxa.

i-nGxSkangxaka (s. k.), n. = i-nXakanxaka.

i-nGxakula (s. k.), n. = i-nGovolo.

i(li)-Gxalaba, n. One of the dorsal verte-
brae, such as show between the shoulder
blades in a very thin person.

Ex. amadoda as'eba amagxalabana, the
men were now all little vertebrae — their
bones poking out at the back from starva-
tion. Comp. ama-Tatana.

Gxamalaza, v. = xamalaza.

Gxambu, ukuti (Gxambhu, ukuthi), v. Make
the slight splashing noise gxambu (not
the heavy plump ngqumbu q. v.), as a
frog when jumping into water or a
stick when thrown upon the surface of
a pool.

um-Gxamu, n. 5. Small tree or mimosa
(Schotia latifolia), whose bark contains
a red dye = i(ti)-Hluze. See um-Vongoti.

Gxangasha, v. Frisk, as a cat with a mouse
(C.N.).

i-nGxangxa, //. Green frog striped on the
back, prob. species of edible frog (Rana
esculenta) similar to that used as food
in Europe. Cp. i(li)-Sele.

Gxanxa, v. Mix or sop milk (ace), amasi,
or water, with some solid mash, as
crushed mealies, etc. = xanxa.

Gxanxu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = gxanxula.

Gxanxula,?'. Spring or leap up gracefully

GXI 218

with the feet, as a person walking who
suddenly sees a snake before his feet
and over which he leaps; prance, as a
young man leaping conceitedly along.

i-nGxatu (Gxathu), n. Anything of a sticky
nature, which clings to the hand when
touched, as birdlime, gum, etc. = i-Na fu-

IHlfll.

Gxavula, r. Have, or thrust out, big pro-
trading teeth (ace.).

i-nGxavula, n. = i-nGovolo.

Gxaza, o. ukuti yxa.

i(li)-Gxebe (Gxeebe), n. Intimate, confiden-
tial friend; loved companion — the word
is used by all classes of persons male
and female, but only between those of
the same sex = um-Nyani. Cp.isi-Gxebe.

isi-Gxebe, n. Sweetheart, male or female,
i.e. of a boy or of a girl — only used
of young lovers and in regard to the
opposite sex. See i(li)-Gxebe) i(li)-Soka.

Gxeka (s. /..), i'. Mix together entanglingly,
complicate, as skeins of string, people
(ace.) so that they come to quarrelling,
etc. Cp. xaba.

i-nGxembe (Gxeembhe), n. = i-nGxtvembe.

i-nGxemu, n. Cross-eyed, squinting person,

whether in one eye or both. Cp. i-mPe-

ndu.

i-nGxepu (Gxephu), n. Old dirt or filth
already caked on the body or garment,
as on the back of a dirty boy = i-nGxi.

i-nGxi.n. = i-nGxepu.

Ex. umfana us'exepu/ca ingxi, the boy is
already peeling off cakes of dirt.

Gxiba (Gxibha), v. = Jcesa, filisa.

i-nGxibilili (Gxibhilili), n. = i-nGxikilili.

i-nGxibingxibi ( Gxibhingxibhi), n. = i-nGxi-
bilili.

i-nGxibongo, n. = i-nGxobongo.
i-nGxikilili (s.k.),n. Thing or things all

mixed up, in disorder, dishevelled, etc.

Bee ukuti xikilili.

i(li) or um-Gxikiva or Gxikivane (s.k.), n. 5.
Old unmarried female, old maid (occur-
ring sometimes among the Zulus from
some physical deformity or organic
disease, also occasionally from choice);
applied derisively to an old bachelor.
Up. mn-Jele, um-Jendevu.

Gxila, v. Stand fast and firmly, as a well
fixed post, deeply rooted tree, or man
planting his feet firmly so as to be
immovable when wrestling (used in
pert); throw out, or become firmly
bonnd to the soil by, adventitious roots,
-ii. h as running plants throw out from
their stalk- ;i- they go along.

GXU

Ex. ubatata uhamVegxila, the sweet-potato
plant travels along getting fixed firmly (i.e.
throwing out adventitious roots).

Gximeka (s.k.), v. = gxumeka.

Gxoba, v. Pound, as medicinal herbs (ace.)
on the grinding-stone, or the floor of a
hut with an i-mBokode, or heated iron
on the anvil, or a person by pelting
him heavily with large stones, or mealies
when 'stamping' them (= gqula) — ka-
nda, ganda.

Gxobagxoba, v. Pound thoroughly ; trample
down, as grass (ace.) with the feet.

um-Gxobela, n. 5. Closely packed crowd,
as a herd of cattle travelling along a
road, multitude of men packed in a hut
at a beer-drink, or a lot of pots crowded
together.

isi-Gxobo,w. Rough wooden post (= isi-
Bonda), as for fixing a wire-fence ; stake,
as for supporting a corn-stage or watch-
hut; wooden bar, as for barring across
a gateway or hut-door.

i-nGxobongo, n. Ox with horns going

straight and uncurved forwards (=

i-nGxibongo); small-pox (= u-Bici,
i-mFoloko).

i-nGxoko (s. k.), n. = isi-Ngxoko.

i(li)-Gxogxo, n. = i(li)-Sele.

Gxogxoma, v. = cocoma.

i-nGxola, n. Long assegai (C. N.). Cp.
i-n Gcula.

i(li)-Gxolo for freq. ama-Gxolo), n. == i(li)-
Xolo.

i-nGxota (Gxotha), n. Heavy brass plate
with roughly notched exterior, worn
round the lower arm above the wrist
by old warriors in Zululand, and shaped
like the upper part of a gauntlet = um-
Qtvabalanda.

i-nGxoto, n. (C. N.) = i-nCoto.

i-nGxovangxova, n. = i-nXovanxova.

i-nGxoviya, n. = i-nGxovangxova.

Gxubuza (Gxubhuza), v. Agitate in water,
rinse out, as a soapy-cloth (ace), or one's
body when muddy, by working it about
in the water.

Gxumeka (s. k.), v. Stick or pierce thor-
oughly or deeply, as a stake (ace.)
into the ground or the ground (ace.)
with a stake (with nga), an assegai into
a buck or the buck with an assegai (=
simeka) ; transplant, plant out, as young-
trees or seedlings (ace. = mbela) [Bo.
someka, stick into ; Sw. simika, stick up].

Ex. uku-gxumeka itende, to set up or
pitch a tent.
Phr. angisiye ugwayi wokugxunyekwa,

GXU

nging'owokiuimelela, I am uot tobacco that
has been transplanted, I am that which
stands by its own right or of itself — i.e. I
am not one adopted into the kraal, but one
by birth belonging to it.

Gxusha, v. Punch, pommel violently with
the closed hand, as a person (ace.) down
on the ground ; punch or press forcibly
down or into, stuff pressingly into, as
clothes (ace.) or potatoes into a sack
when full = gqisha, kandavula; cp.
fokoqa; gcingca.

219 HA

i-nGxwele, n. = i-mBaba.

i-nGxwembe (Gxweembhe), n. Large-sized
wooden spoon or ladle, used for serving
out ubu-betide, isi-jingi, and the like =
isi-Xwembe. Comp. isi-Hebelendu.

Phr. abadhla nyenyxwembc eitdala, those
who eat with the old-fashioned spoon, *. e.
those who still practise the old original
Native manner of life, who have not
progressed with the times.

H.

|— I is used in Zulu to represent two varieties
of aspirated sound. The first, or hard h,
is always more forcibly expressed than in
English, assuming an amount of gutturalisation
which, in its weaker form, renders it more si-
milar to the German /* (as in the word haben,
have), and in its stronger, similar to the ch of
German or Scotch. This variety is exemplified
in the Zulu words hamba (go) and um-Hawu
(sympathy). The weak and the strong guttur-
alisation being but different degrees of the
same sound, are, either and both, alike appli-
cable to any word of this class. Some indi-
viduals and some tribes habitually prefer the
weaker sound, while others prefer the stronger,
and all together may at times, when speaking
with a marked intensity of feeling, make use
of the harsher throat-action for any particular
word. This indiscriminate interchange of what
at first sight appear to be two different sounds
has given rise to much irregularity in Zulu
writing. A person uses an h to express what
he hears as the weaker sound, and an r to
distinguish the stronger, and then, when com-
ing to another region, discovers that what
he had been accustomed to write with the
weaker h is now pronounced with the stronger
gutturalisation, and what was formerly a strong
guttural has now become toned down into mere-
ly au aspirate. The tendency in Zululand
is, generally speaking, to use only the weaker
sound, written with an //, which sound, of
course, may always become more or less
strongly gutturalised to suit the individual's
taste, the usage of the locality, the more ac-
customed pronunciation of certain words, or
the intensity of the speaker's feelings. In
Natal, on the other hand, owing, no doubt, to
the almost universal prevalence there of gut-
tural-loving ama-Lala tribes, there is a marked
disposition to make a more frequent use of
the harsher sound. In view, therefore, of the
fact that all these varieties of gutturalisatiou
are merely weaker or stronger degrees of the
same sound, and are mutually interchangeable,
and inasmuch as the softer form is that held

in greater preference by the purer Zulu tribes,
I have adopted, for an improved system of
Zulu spelling, only one form of script, viz.,
that of 77 (the r being altogether discarded for
this class of word), desiring thereby to intro-
duce uniformity into the Zulu orthography and
perhaps in time also into the Zulu speech.

The second variety of this letter, the soft //,
is used to represent a sound altogether different
from the above. This sound has absolutely
no counterpart in English, and may be best
described, though somewhat paradoxically, as
an iuspirated aspirate, one whose force is ab-
ruptly checked on the point of expulsion, the
vocal effort resolving itself merely into a strong,
soft, open breathiDg upon the vowel following.
As a distinguishing mark I have given this
broad, soft, breath-like aspiration the sign of
hh as, e. g. in the words um-Hhaltha ( a single
stroke) and hhahula (to blurt out).

For remarks ou the combination hi, see un-
der D.

Ha, int. expressing sudden surprise, simi-
lar to Eng. 'oh!', etc.

Ha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be intensely bitter,
salty, acid, sour, etc.; or horribly ugly
— gen. with uku-baba = ukuti ga?nu.

Ha, ukuti (ukuthi — freq. with prolongation
of the vowel>, v. — haza.

ama-Ha (no sing.), n. Quickness, nimble-
ness, fleetness of foot, as of a good
walker who covers a long distance quick-
ly or a good-running dog. Cp. u(lu)-Belo,
i(li)-Jiibane.

i(li)-Haba or Haba (Haaba; sometimes un-
lengthened;, n. 'Big', exaggerated talk,
as of a person boasting, or one magni-
fying the facts of a case, as is common
with Natives and children = i(li)-Watra;
i(U)-Tamo. Cp. hanisa, wawaza.

Ex. aunt! unamanga! itnehaba, oh! you
story-teller! you are exaggerating.

Habe (with final syll. accentuated),^/. —
intensified form of (the.

HA

220

HA

Habe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rage, as sickness
or fire (0. X.). Cp. ukuti be.

u(lu)-Habe (Hhaubc), n. One who, when
scolding or angry, keeps up an incessant
noise of violent talking.

i(li)-Habehabe, //. Small veldt plant, of
which there are several varieties, much
liked by rabbits = i(li)-Hogwe; see u-
Mahogo.

u(lu)-Habela (Habhela), u. Tall, slim-bodied
person.

i(li)-Habiya or Habiyo, //. Medicine or love-
charm of any kind ( of modern intro-
duction from Natal) used by young-men
to cause a girl to hayiza, i.e. to throw
her into fits of shouting hysteria in
which she repeatedly cries out hayi!
hayi! or hiya! hiya! (C. N.).

Habu, ukuti (ukutki),V. = habula; ukuti
moto.

Habu, ukuti (Habhu, ukuthi), v. Be 'gap-
iiiLrly' broadly open, as a yawning cav-
ern, person's mouth, or great hole =
habuka; make anything (ace.) of a hole-
like nature 'gapingly' or widely opened
habuza; ukuti vongo, ukuti venge,
ukuti In, In), ukuti havu.

i(li)-Habuhabu (Hubhuhabhu),n. Lying,
exaggerating talker, reporting things
about with habitual laxity as regards
truth; any soft, spongy, 'holey' thing,
as lungs, sponge, curds of um-Qungo,
etc i(li)-Hebuhebu.

Habuka (Habhuka), v. Get to have a large
gaping hole knocked through, etc. — see
habuza.

Ex. kute habu (or kuhabukile) ohlangotini,
then- is a hole or wound in my side — said
by one suffering from severe pain in the side
from pneumonia, etc.

Habula, p. Drink in very small quantity,
drink a little, take a mouthful, as of
beer (ace.) or any other drink (comp.
i(li)-Tamo) ; have a puff, take a mouth-
ful, at the hemp smoking-horn (ace. =
ukuti moto); drink in by the nose, i.e.
catch a fever and the like diseases, sup-
posedly from some medicine ( see um-
Huh-lo ) placed about by an umtakati
tor affecting some individual who will
probably visit the spot (see eqa; bulela;
qotela ; dhlisa ).

Ex. nhfihiilr ngrhuiirln cl.i.t.aiiibilvyn, he has

drawn in the disease on account of having
Dsitive head (it being supposed
tliar a person with a 'hard' head would not
(,«. io susceptible of the disease).
Habulisa, v. Give a person (ace.) a 'drink',
sip, or small quantity of beer (ace.) or

other drink ; let one (ace.) have a whiff
or small smoke at the hemp-smoking-
horn (ace.) = ukutisa moto.

ama-Habulo (no sing.) n. Coarse sediment
i. e. husks, grounds, etc., left in utshwala
or coffee when unstrained. See i(li)-
Huqu.

Habuza (Habhuza), v. Make, burst, knock,
etc., a large gaping hole through or into
anything (ace.), as through a calabash,
or man's head with a blow from a stick
or when giving a gash in the flesh with
any sharp instrument; cut off the head
of a calabash (ace.) at the neck so as to
give it a wide mouth; expose openly
and widely the pudenda, as a female
sitting indecently ; cause a girl to be-
come an isi-Habuza through excessive
coition (cp. mekezisa; boboza); tell un-
true, exaggerated tales or reports (see
poloza, foloza, etc.) = hoboza, havuza.

isi-Habuza or Habuzi (Habhuza), n. Any
large 'gaping' hole, aperture or mouth
of a thing, as an unusually large mouth
cut in a calabash, or a 'gaping' hole
knocked in it with a stick, or large
staring nostrils; such vessel, person,
etc., with the same (= isi-Gqabozi, isi-
Gqoboza, isi-Havuza, isi-Vongoza); va-
gina feminaj ab intemperantia coitus
maxime distenta; such a girl herself -
the word being only used in obscene
abuse, and never of married females
(= isi-Hobo, isi-Galagala, um-Moho —
all words of extreme obscenity). See
habuza.

isi-Hadabuli, n. = isi-Hahadolo.

um-Hadu, n. 5. People coming to a place
with violence, taking things without
leave, etc. (C. N.).

Hadula, v. Race along or off, as an army
when pursued by the enemy, a boy
after a runaway horse in order to catch
it, or when hurrying with a message
(cp. gijinia) ; (C.N.) to tekela q. v. very
much in speech, i. e. use abundance of
harsh sounds, as the amaLala.

isi-Hafu, n. = isi-Hamfu; also (C.N.) poor,
beggarly person.

Hafuka (s. k.) v. == pafuka.

i(li), or isi-Hafuhafu, n. Untruthful, exag-
gerating talker = i(li)-Habuhabu, i(li)-
Polopolo, i(li)-Folofolo.

Hafuza, v. = pafuza.

Ha ha (Hhaahha), int = Shihaha.

Haha, v. Have a ravenous appetite for
anything habitually, have a constant
voracious, greedy desire, as some beasts
after food, men after wealth, etc. (ace.

HA 221

with ela from) = hala; cp. hahalaza;
hawukela; hulaza [Skr. gri, devour ;
{/has, eat; Lat. vorare, devour; Hi.
chahna, raghbat, to desire; Her. eraru,
voraciousness; Sw. roho, greediness].

um-Haha (Hhaahhaa), n. 5. One quick
effort and done ~ mostly used adverb-
ially with nga to express doing or finish-
ing off at once, at one stroke, etc., as
a girl when quickly grinding off a heap
of corn, or getting a dress cut and
completed in no time, or polishing off
a dish of food. Comp. ukuti halakahla.

Hahabula, v. = hahalaza.

isi-Hahadolo, n. Anything strong to the
taste or that can be said to baba q. v. ;
hence, any strongly bitter thing, as aloes;
acrid, as iron-tincture ; strongly saline,
as brine ; hot, as pepper; fiery, as brandy;
strong or pungent with carbonic-acid
gas, as beer = isi-Halamahogo.

Hahalaza, v. Eat or drink (ace.) largely,
that is, beyond the average quantity, as
a man whose average 'drink' would
mean clearing off half the pot; hence,
do off an unusually large quantity or
space at work, as an energetic woman
when hoeing a field (ace); rate or scold
a person (ace.) thoroughly, pitch into
properly with the tongue = hahabula.
Comp. hazula, katula.

Hahama (Hhahhama), v. Utter an angry
growl or snarl with the sound ha, as a
dog at a person (ace. with ela form).
Cp. gwavuma.

Hahaza, v. Make a fizzing noise, as meat
frying or water on a hot hob; make the
phlegm rattle in the throat when clearing
it by a cough, as a man frequently does
in the morning = hwahivaza.

Hahela, v. Desire voraciously, ravenously,
after anything (ace), as a man or beast
after food; desire rapaciously, be avari-
cious for, as the property (ace.) of ano-
ther; go anywhere or to anything, as
school or work (ace), with keen desire
or delight; act or do in a passionate
way, with strongly excited determination,
as an exasperated man seeking to fight
with another.

Hahula (Hhahula), v. Blurt out inadver-
tently, as an incautious gossiper might
secret affairs (ace.) at a beer-drink, or
from thoughtlessness at a trial; 'blurt
into ' an affair (ace.) i. e. throw oneself
abruptly into the disputation about it
without knowing anything of its parti-
culars. Cp. eaka; pafuza.

Hakaza (s. k.), v. = gqakaza.

HA

Hala, or Hala hala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ha-
laza.

Hala, v. — haha.

Hala (Hhaala), v. Harrow a field with
a harrow or tree dragged along [Eng.].

u-Hala, n. Sewing cotton, thread [D. qare,
thread].

i(li)-Hala (Hhaala), n. Harrow [Eng.].

ubu-Hala, n. Suricate, a small weasel-like
animal.

Halahala, int. exhorting to brisk, energetic
action. See halazela.

Ex. halahala! 'mabuto.' ngoka i/f/uu-c-ke
'mabdndhla ka'Mjokwane ka'Ndtcandwe wa-

bade! address of au induna to his regi-
ment (oue of Zwide's, the Nd wand we chief's)
before going off to fight.

Hala hala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = halaza, ha-
lazela.

ili-Halahala, n. Sea-crab (cp. i-nKala); an
energetic, spirited doer, 'ravenous' to
attack, etc.; plur. ama- Halahala, thick
sediment, grounds, etc., floating in any
liquid, as beer or coffee; such beer,
coffee, etc., filled with sediment; section
of a certain regiment. See i(li)-Hulu-
hulu; halazela.

Halakahla, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. Drink
right off, at a single di'aught, as medi-
cine (ace.) = ukuti goje, ukuti minyi,
ukuti nqabalazi. Cp. um-Haha.

Halakahlela (s. k.), v. = uktiti halakahla.

Halakaqa, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Meet in
conflict i.e. start an engagement or come
together at the first onset, as two bulls
or people fighting (see ama-Nqwa); go
about doing evil, stealing, molesting
women, etc. (= hilikiqa) ; leap or spring
over, 'clear,' as a dog a fence ( ace. =
ukuti halakasha); run round or over to,
as to a neighbouring kraal (= ukuti hu-
lukuqu ) = halakaqela.

i(li)-Halakaqa (s. k.), n. A 'bad character'
i. e. one given to committing all kinds
of crime. Cp. i(li)-Hilikiqi; i(li)-Hata-
nga.

Halakaqela (s. k.), v. = iikuti halakaqa.

Halakasha, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Leap or
spring over, 'clear' any standing obstacle,
as a dog leaping over a fence (ace.) ;
spring over to any place (metaphor.) i. e.
run rapidly there and back in no time,
as to fetch water from the river = ha-
lakashela.

u(lu)-Halakasha (s.k.),n. Tall person.
Halakashela (s. k.), v. = ukuti halakasha.
Halala, int. Cry expressive of joy on the
reception of any good thing, as a gift of

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222

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rattle, on the arrival of a girl's lobola,
or on the arrival of a sweetheart in a
young-man's kraal, or as may be shouted
by the companions of a child byway of
thanking for him or congratulating him
upon receiving some gift. See halali-
sela [Heb. halal, praise].

Halala. ukuti fukuihi), v. Do in a faint,
hazy manner, so as to obscure, as a
mis! making dim the mountains (ace.)
beyond, or the shades of night render-
ing objects indistinct, or a layer of dust
making faint the polished surface of a
table; waft or pass by in a faint, hazy
manner, as a whiff of something smell-
ing (pleasantly or otherwise) = ukuti
ncalcua, neaya.

Ex. kukona okuti halala, there is some-
thing .smelling i referring to the smell, not
the object |.

ai/hhtk kinve, ub'us'uxwa sekute halala
ipunga dibana, when he passes you by, you
perceive that it now wafts with an unplea-
sant odour,

ubu-Halalazi,?*. Dimming, obscuring cov-
ering, cloud, lajrer, etc., upon or com-
ing over anything, as above; wafting
,-niell moving in the air, a whiff, as
above.

Halalisa, r. Cry halala.

Halalisela, v. Ci'3r halala with joy over a
person, or the good thing he has received
(doub. ace.) ; hence, sometimes equivalent
to 'congratulate'.

isi-Halamahogo, n. = isi-Hahadolo.

i(li)-Halanjadu, n. = i(li)-Helanjadu.

i(li)-Halavu, n. Shovel or scooped-spade
[E. <jraaf\.

Halaza, v. Do in a light, faint manner;
hence, feel about for anything (ace.)
softly with the flat of the hand, as a per-
son feeling about for his spectacles in
the dark or for anything lost in the
grass about where he is sitting; feel or
lay the hand gently upon, as upon a
sitting person when passing closely near
him (cp. tinta; pata); do in a faint, hazy
manner, i. e. be hazy, misty, obscure, as
the atmosphere, or the sky when cloud-
ing over, or liquid when thick with sedi-
ment (used in perf.). Cp. ukuti halala;
ama-Halahala ; also = halazela.

Halazela, /■. Do in a spirited, energetic

manner, 'greedily' eager to get at, get

through, etc., as warriors going to the

attack, women hoeing briskly in order

get the field finished, or a cow making

gerly for ;i mealie-field.

isi-Halijana, //. Spirited person, quick in
doing; hence, sharp-tempered person

immediately eager to fight; a greedy,
ravenous eater who wildly attacks the
food or any other approaching to partake
(see i(li)-Govu).

isi-Halimahogo, n. = isi-Hahadolo.

Hamba (Hambha),v. Go, in any sense;
hence, walk; move; live (of human
beings only) ; proceed ; go on ; depart ;
flow, run, as water; travel over, as a
country (ace.) ; visit, go or come to, as
one person to another (ace.) ; as auxiliary
verb expressing 'continually', 'always',
in form hambe, or pass, hanjwe {= de,
zinge, etc.). Comp. ya; muka [Skr. gam,
go; Hi. jana, go; Ar. hadjdja, set
out; ghab, be away; Lat. ambulo, I
walk; It. gamba, leg; Bu. hamba, go;
Bo. tamba, travel ; Sw. tembea, walk ;
Ga. tambula; Sen. famba; Her. handa,
go fast ; Go. hanyisa, go ; Ra. tamanya;
Chw. tsamaya; Mamb. amaio; Tat. faja],

Ex. hamba kahle or hamba njalof get
along well ! fare-well ! move about (i. e. live)
along! — a word of farewell said to one
going off (see hlala, sala).

intombi ka'Bani Ixisayihambi, he no longer
pays visits to So-and-so's daughter.

'usahamba, yini, uyihlo?' 'of kasahambi,
uyayula, ' is your father still getting about
(*'. e. is he well, or may be, is he still alive) ?
Oh! he is uo longer getting about or well;
he is sick.

uhamba tigabauye, he lives by others (not
by his own labour).

uhambe ucVulwa nalo'mfana, you go on
constantly fighting with this boy.

kwa'Zulu kwakuhanjwe kubidawa abantu,
in Zululand there were people constantly
being killed.

Phr. ub'ehamba nyehashi na? qa! uVdia-
■niba pautsi for uyexinyawo), was he going
on horseback (or riding)? no! he was going
on foot.

uyahlupeka ; uhamba pantsi, he is afflicted
(with trouble or sickness] ; he goes low (not up,
like a man untroubled by body or mind).

ktvaseku ukupcla; ivas'ehamba naman&i,
that was the end of it; then he went off
with the water i. e. was carried off by it.

P. ukuhamba kuzal'ituluna, kuxal'intsiku-
%% life (on this earth) brings forth sometimes
a male, sometimes a female = you must
take things as they come, the good with the
bad; or, you mustn't expect to get only
good things during life.

i(li)-Hamba (Har^bha), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-
Hwanqa; also, a poisonous snake (C. N.).

uku-Hamba (Hambha), n. Gait, manner
of walking, as of a man or horse ; ways,
manner of living, life, of an individual
or people.

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223

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Ex. kubi ulcufa! Jcuhle uknhamba, it is
bud to die ; it is better to live (or death is
bad, but life is good).

uknhamba kwakona, it is the mode of life
of those parts,

isi-Hambakubi (Hambhakubi), n. — um-
Takati.

um-Hambakaya (Hambhakaya), n. 5. An
every-day dress i. e. umn-tsha (of men)
or isi-dwaba (of women) for common
use, not that worn on high occasions =
u-Maqapeqolo; cp. i-nGubo.

i(li)-Hambalikeme (Hambhalikheme), n. A
thing that goes along with its mouth al-
ways on the move — hence applied in
the following phrase to a person who
cannot restrain his tongue, in any sense,
whether when talking ill of other people,
carrying tales, or unable to refrain from
much talk when put out. See ekama.

Phr. wadhla ihambalikeme, you ate an
ihambalikeme (that's why you can't stop
jabbering).

u-Hambangana (Hambhangana), n. Per-
son habitually travelling about, here,
there and everywhere, never to be found
at home.

ama-Hambangapantsi (Hambhangaphantsi
no sing.,}, n. Whey, of um-Qungo q. v.
(not of the amasi for eating kept in the
i-gula, the which is called um-Laza).

Hambela (Hambhela), v. Visit, pay a visit
to (ace. or ku).

Ex. kahlali lcona, uhambele nje, he doesn't
live there, he is only on a visit.

kabasahambelani they are no longer on
visiting terms.

uku-xi-hambela, to go for oneself, of one's
own accord, as one likes.

i(li)-Hambelibadhlela, pi, ama-Hambe-eba-
dhlela (Hambhelibadhlela), n. An idle
fellow who wanders about living on
other people, a sponging vagrant or loaf-
er. Cp. i(li)-Hlabaledhlule ; um-Hambu-
ma; um-Shangeshu.

urn or isi-Hambi (Hambhi), n.l.ov 5. Tra-
veller, one on a journey ; one who habi-
tually journeys about (comp. u-Hamba-
ngana).

P. isisu somhambi asiqedi 'Into, a tra-
veller's appetite doesn't consume anything
(of account) — said by a traveller when ask-
ing for a little food.

Hambisa (Hambhisa), v. Send off or away,
as a letter (ace), train, or girl to get wed-
ded; cause to go, i.e. purge, as a medi-
cine (= hudisa).

ama-Hambo (Hambho, no smg.>, n. End-
less journeys — only in the phrase be-
low. See futi.

Phr. uMnjoxi m'ehambe amahambo^ Ma-

l<>zi has now gone never to come back =
us'ehambele umhambela ivafuti.

um-Hambo ( Hambho), n. 5. Manner of
life, natural habit or custom = uku-
Hamba.

um-Hambuma, plur. imi-Hambima (Ha-
mbhuma), n. 5. Homeless person who
drifts about the world from one kraal
to another, waif, wanderer = u(lu)-Zu-
lane. Comp. i(li)-Ha,mbelibadhlela ; i(li)-
Hlabaledhlule; um-Shangeshu.

isi-Hamfu, or isi-Hamfuhamfu, n. Wild-
tempered person, quickly getting fierce-
ly angry; a ferocious animal = i(li)-
Ngqofa.

Hamfuza, v. Act in a wild-tempered, fierce-
ly angry, ferocious manner = ngqofa.

Hamu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = hamuka; ha-
mula.

Hamuka (s. k.), v. Get dried externally or
superficially, become 'parched' by heat
or wind, as cut-grass, mealie-leaves in
the field, grain spread out to dry, wet
soil under a hot wind, the water in a
pond by the sun, or a tree by a light-
ning-stroke; get parched, as the lips or
throat from thirst; get dried over, as
a scabbed sore; become superficially
scorched, or singed, or burnt dry, as
hair or grass when tipped by a passing
flame, or meat when placed for a mo-
ment in a flame so as to obtain an ex-
ternal parching (gen. used in perf.) =
hwamuka. Cp. hanguka; cocobala.

Hamula, v. Dry on the surface (trans.),
'parch', as heat or wind might cut-grass
(ace), mealie-leaves, grain spread to dry,
soil wetted by rain, the water in a pond,
or lightning a tree that it strikes;
parch, as heat and thirst the lips or
throat (ace); singe, superficially scorch
or burn, as a passing flame the tips of
grass (ace) or hair, or as the fire a
piece of meat placed therein for a mo-
ment = hwamula. Comp. hangula ;
huma; cocobalisa [Sw. kausha, dry].

isi-Hamuncana, n. Voracious person, ever
eating and never satisfied = i(li)-Ha-
nana; cp. isi-Gege, i(li)-Govu.

i(li)-Hanana, n. = isi-Hamuncana.

isi or um-Hanga, n. 5. Native of a very
fair, merely tanned, whitish complexion
(more white than an i(li)-Gawozi q. v.);
freq. applied to a Dutchman, as being
of a similar light-yellow complexion, not
mhlope (white) as English people.

isi-Hanga or Hangahanga, n. Fierce tem-
pered, ferocious person or animal, whose
anger generally shows itself in violent

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224

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physical activity (= isi-Hamfu, isi-
uangahanga); fierce, greedy eater, de-
vouring largely himself but allowing
none to come near (= i(U)-Govu, isi-
Gege) [Her. otyi-ndandi, ferocious ani-
mal).
Hangaza, r. Get or be ferociously wild, so
as to be capable of any violent action,
as a tierce dog or man = hamfuza,
hanqaza. See isi-Hangahanga.

Hangu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = hanguka; ha-
il gu hi.

isi-Hanguhangu, n. Any scorching, burn-
ing-hot thing, as scalding food, hot
wind, or heat from fire, pepper, brandy,
etc Sc<> hangula.

Hanguka (s. k), v. Get burnt or scorched
superficially, as by a momentary passing
flame, as below ; get seared ; get singed ;
get burnt or scalded as the mouth; get
burnt i.e. dried up, as water by the
sun (used gen. in perf.). Comp. hwa-
muka; hamuka; shisa.

Hangula, v. Burn or scorch superficially,
as a momentary passing flame might
the outside of a mealie-cob (ace.) set to
roast too near the fire, or when searing
the foliage of plants in passing along-
side, or when being grilled or fried on
too powerful a fire so as to get burnt
externally while internally still raAv;
singe, as the nap of a garment, a per-
son's hair, or the tips of long grass
(see hivamula); scald, as hot food the
mouth i. e. leave it as though scorched
(see yobula); dry up, as the sun water
in a pond {= hamula). Comp. shisa.
[Her. kangura, bake; Sw. unguza,
sorch],

Hanguza, v. = hangula.
Hanisa, v. = wawaza.
Hanqa, ukuti (ukuthi).v. = hanqa.
Hanqa, r. Surround i.e. enclose on all
-ides so as to prevent egress, encircle,
an army a kraal (ace), a fence a
cattle-fold = haqa, kaka. Cp. wanqa;
"ngelezela [Her. hangatena, surround;
Urtaanja enclosure].
Par. uyakufika kwa'Mkatali, isidwaba
ikukuhanya, you will arrive at Mr Get-
tired's, a wile's kilt will close you in i.e.
brine you to know your senses — said to a
naughty, disobedient girl.
u-Hanqa, or Hanqwa, n. Jocular name for
a woman's isi-dwaba q.v. See above.

isi-Hanqahanqa, n. = Isi-Hangahanga, isi-

II 'i in I a.

Hanqaza, r. hangaza, hamfuza.
(li)-Hantsi, //. Goose [D. game).

Hanya (Hhanya), v. Finish off all at a time,
as a woman extravagantly cooking all
or an unduly large quantity of the food
(ace.) at a single cooking, or a child who
when sent to gather (fula) pumpkins
for present use plucks the whole lot of
them, or cattle which entering a field
make an end of it at the one go [Her.
nyanga, finish off; mana, finish].

Hap' or Hapu, ukuti (Haphu, ukuthi —
very short final vowel), v. Eject phlegm,
expectorate.

Hapu, ukuti (Haphu, ukuthi), v. = hapu-
na; hapuza.

i(li)-Hapuhapu (Hdphuhaphu), n. Greedy
eater, merely gobbling up ; (C. N.) =
i(li)-Habuhabu.

Hapuna (Haphuna), v. = hwapuna.
Hapuza (Haphuza), v. Eat greedily, gobble

up; (C.N.) = hafuza, habuza.
Haqa, v. = hanqa, kaka.
urn- Haqa, n. 5. = um-Panga.

Haqaza, v. Grind a knife, etc. (ace.) by
rubbing from right to left on a rough
stone, so as to give a course edge.
Comp. lola.

Haqazela, v. Creep or crawl briskly on
hands and knees. Comp. huluzela.

Hasha, ukuti (tikuthi), v. Rustle (intrans.),
as dry leaves when anything moves
among them, or trees stirred by the
wind; rattle softly, as water (not any
hard substance = heshe) when shaken
up in a bottle or calabash ; rustle {trans.),
as cattle among the dry mealies in a
field, or anything moving among the
grass or in a waste-paper basket; rattle
{trans.), as above (= hashaza); hear
just slightly, just catch a 'rustle' of,
as of a distant cry, a slight movement
in the bush, or a rumour "(ace.) ; draw
or take out a little, as a few mealies
(ace.) from a sack (= hasheka; ukuti
heshe ).

i(li)-Hashahasha, n. Brisk, vigorous walker
who gets sharply over the ground (see
hashazela); pi. ama-Hashahasha, things
of a dry nature which when shaken
produce a rustling or rattling sound,
as dry leaves, a bundle of dry reeds,
or the cocoon-anklets of a Native dancer
(see hashaza).

i-nHashanhasha, n. Anything of a dry,
stiffish, crisp, 'rustling' nature, as a
silk dress, starched linen, crisp hair,
coarse dry grass, etc. See hashaza.

Hashaza, v. Rustle {trans, and intrans.), as
cattle among the dry mealie-leaves (ace.)
in a field or the wind the leaves of a

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225

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tree, or the leaves themselves (= kwa-
shaza, hwashaza) ; rattle softly, as water
(not any hard substance = hesheza)
when shaken up in a bottle or calabash,
or as the person so shaking the water
(ace.) = ukuti hasha.

Hashazela, v. Rustle along i. e. go with a
brisk rushing step. Cp. halazela.

Hasheka (s. k.), v. Take out a little, as a
few mealies (ace.) from a sack = ukuti
hasha.

i(li)-Hashi (Haashi),n. Horse (= i-nJo-
mane); sometimes used in vulgar con-
versation of a wife [Eng.].

Hashila, int. = ashila.

Hashu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = hashuka; ha-
shula.

Hashuka (s. k.), v. Get dried or crisped, as
below.

Hashula, v. Dry up crisply, crisp up, as a
passing fire the vegetation (ace.) near
by, or a cook mealies boiling in a pot
when allowing the water to dry up.

Hashula, int. = ashila.

ama-Hashu (only used in plur.), n. Tape-
worm or worms — from the word being
now only used as a term of very offen-
sive abuse, these worms are commonly
called izi-lo ezimhlope ezinde. Comp.
i-nGcili; u(lu)-Hlavana.

Ex. wadhla amahashu! you ate tapeworms!
— word of abuse mostly used by an irate
woman.

i(li)-Hata (Hatha), n. = i(li)-Hatanga.

i(li)-Hatahata (Hathahatha), n. = i(li)-Ha-
tanga.

i(li)-Hatanga (Hathanga), n. Blackguard,
scoundrel, person of wild, loose, unprin-
cipled life or manners, with no respect
for self, actions, home or parents =
i(li)- Yatayata, i(li)- Yalule, i(li)-Buka-
zana, i(li)-Shabangu. Cp. i(li)-Halaka-
qa.

isi-Hatayiya (Hathayiya), n. Person who
is always idling, smoking, etc., not mind-
ing his work (C. N.).

Havu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti habu.

Havuka (s. k.), v. = habuka.

i(li)-Havuhavu, n. = i(li)-Habuhabu.

Havuza, v. = habuza.

isi-Havuza, n. = isi-Habuza.

Hawu, int. strong form of aivu.

Hawu, or Hawu hawu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. =
hawuza.

i(li)-Hawu, n. Small shield, used at dances
(comp. isi-Hlangu; i(li)-Hubeto); also
= i(li)-Hwahwa; um-Shangashu.

isi or um-Hawu, n. 5. Strong feeling or
emotion, e.g. such as caused by 'touch-
ing' music, or female amorosities; or by
a 'touching' sight (hence, pity, compas-
sion, sympathy, tender feeling -- comp.
ubu-Bele); or such as might be excited
in a person by the sight of any good
thing (hence, strong desire, lust, jealousy,
envious desire = is-Angabe, um-Bombo-
lo, um-Hobolo) ; or by offensive language
or action (hence, indignation, resentment,
etc.) [Sw. huruma, feeling; Her. omu-
horo, attractiveness].

Ex. kana'mhawu, he has no feeling ( for
another, in any shape or form, or even for
himself as to his shameful actions ).

lujinomhaim kuye, naye, nyaye, wake, I
have pity, jealousy, etc., towards b\m — ngi-
mhawuhele.

umuntu wesifaxana u/nomha/wu, a female
person is with emotion i. e. excites it in
another

Hawuka (s. k.), v. Feel um-hawu for or to-
wards a person (ace. with ela form) or
thing, i.e. be jealous of him, have envious
desire for his property, feel sorry for,
pity, sympathise with him, etc.

Ex. ngiyamhaimikela, I am sorry for him
(in his adversity ).

Hawula, v. Excite um-hawu in a person,
move (ace.) — often transposed into
pass, voice.

Ex. ngahawulwa uhubuna usixi olnngako,
I was moved at the sight of such misery.

Hawuza, v. Milk a cow (ace.) sharply, with
quick motion, as when taking advantage
of the moment when she is letting it
flow freely ( ehlisa ) ; praise a person
(ace.) i.e. sing his praises, call him by
all his izi-bongo (of which the Native is
proud ) ; praise a person (ace.) by ap-
plauding his good actions or character;
tell or relate news (ace.) and the like in
a slight brief manner to a person, as
might a new arrival or visitor {ela form
with ace. of pers. and affair = xoxa,
zekela; cp. landisa).

Haya,v. Be rough externally, not smooth,
as a grinding-stone, or coarse bristly
carpet ; make be rough, as a grinding-
stone (ace.) by chipping it (comp. qa-
ndula); grind coarsely, as mealies (=
gqakaza) ; make up i. e. invent, as a
plan (ace.) or lying talk (= qamba);
make up i. e. compose, as a dance-song
(= qamba; see i-nGqambi); 'sing' a
person (ace.) i. e. compose a song in
reference to him ; take up i. e. set about
performing, as men a song (ace.) when
learning it from the teacher, or when
going through it at a dance; take up i. e.

15

HA

226

HE

refer to, touch upon, as any particular
matter (ace.) or person (= pata) [Skr.
lap. speak: Chw. raya, speak to; Her.
raera, speak decidedly; hea, talk].

Ex. lo'mkttba uhaytoe ng'uba ? who is it
that concocted this triek? — as when seeking
tin- originator among a lot of children who
have done something wrong.

imbit-J ungayihayi, make no reference to
the goat.

anna- Haye (no sing.), **• Roughness exter-
nally (not smooth), as of a grinding-
stone, or of a coarse bristly cloth.

Kx. Cmahaye kakulu le'ndwangu, this
cloth is too rough or coarse.

Hayi, int. intensified form of ayi q.v.

u(lu)-Hayi, //. Man's umu-tsha or buttock-
covering made of twisted calf-skin so
as t<> hang behind like so many tails.
Comp. i(ii)-Dhlaka, i(li)-Gqibo.

uHayiba, n. — see i(li)-Qanda.
Hayrha (Hhayiihha), int. = Shihaha.
Hayi hayi, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = hayizela.
Hayiya, v. = hayiza.

Hayiyeka (s. k.), v. Get made to cry out
hysterically hayi, hayi.

Hayiza,?'. Have the Native crying-hysteria
/. e. cry out involuntarily hayi, hayi,
hayi, ;is hysterical girls, or hysterical
men who have become witch-doctors (=
hayiya); (more gen. hayizela) be
roughened i.e. have a rough, scraping
Feeling at the throat, as after eating
certain foods (= nivayizela).

i(li)-Hayiza or Hayizana (Hhayiza),n. Any
torn, ragged thing, as any article of
drese sometimes used in plur. ama-
Hayiza for the whole 'collection' of rags.
('],. <i iiid-Xikiniki.

Kx. //"I/a lapa amahayixana ami, hand
over here my rags — as a woman might say
wh'ii asking for her dilapidated iaidwaba.

Hayizi (Hhayizi), int. = yayizi.

Hayizela, v. Itch, or have an irritating
roughness in the throat, such as causes
one to cough, or follows the eating of
certain pungent foods -=nwayizela; cp.
kawuzeta.

ama-Hayo (no Hng.),n. Conversational
'references' to matters — only used in
phrase below — ama-Pato.

1'hr. ungangihayi nas'emahayweni, don't

a touch upon me in your references i.e.

'h.n't refer to me in any connection or in

any -hape or form = ungemgipati nas'ema-

/' "

Haza, /■. Give forth a continuous softly-
hoarse rumble, as water falling in a

shower, or splashing down from a height,
or dashing among stones in a river;
give forth a continuous light din or
rumble of sound (comp. holoba), as a
lot of young people simultaneously talk-
ing in a hut or assembled outside, or
singing at a hunt or dance, or expres-
sing their approval or disapproval, all
at the same time, in a body ; race or go
rapidly along, as though causing a rush-
ing sound, as a man walking sharply
= ukuti ha, rrwa, rro, ho. Cp. hlokoma ;
holoba.

Ex. ngifike kuhaza umsindo endhlini, I
came while the noise was a-din in the hut.

basebehaxa bonke, thereupon they all broke
forth in a simultaneous noise ( perhaps of
reproach ).
u(lu)-Hazane, n. Quick rapid walker, or
swift runner — see haza.

Hazula, v. = katula.

u(lu)-Hazula, v. Any long-bodied person or
animal, as a snake, some dogs, or a tall
slender man.

He, int. Mostly used by girls and expres-
sive of light ridicule or derisive mer-
riment ( the sound is produced by a
laughing modulation of the voice and
differently from the word below).

He, ukuti (Hee, ukuthi), v. Fly steadily
along, skim along with great swiftness,
as a bicycle or swift runner — ukuti pe.

He, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be 'light' i. e. refresh-
ingly cool, as an airy hut when not
over-stuffed with furniture or people;
be 'light' i. e. empty, without the weigh ti-
ness accompanying the presence of people
of importance, as in a kraal in which
one arrives and finds everyone away,
or only the women at home, or the kraal
owner himself absent, or a room bare of
furniture (== ukuthi wi ) = ukuba lula.
Ex. ngifumevnise kute he, kungeko 'muntu,
I found it all light or empty (in the kraal),
there being nobody at home.

He, ukuti (Hhee, ukuthi), v. Give a person
(ace.) or animal a gash or gaping wound,
as when striking a lump of meat with
a sharp hatchet, or splitting a man's
scalp with a stick = heha, ukuti hebe.

isi-He, n. Compassionate feeling, pity,
sympathetic hearted ness, as for one
afflicted = um-Siko.

Hebe, ukuti (Hheebe, ukuthi), v. — uk%iti he.

urn- Hebe (Hebhe), n. 5. Kind of Native-
made knife = isi-Gece.

Hebe, or Hebe hebe, ukuti (ukuthi,) v. =
hebeza. Cp. ukuti hobe, Icwibi.

Ex. sibc siyatc fiebe hebe ngenkomo, aku-

HE

227

HE

nniti, we attempt to get rid of them (the
troublesome amadhloxi causing this person's
sickuess) by a beast (beiug killed for them),
but it doesn't succeed.

isi-Hebelendu, n. Any spoon with a large
broad mouth-piece. Comp. isi-Xwembe.

Hebeza, v. Scare away, get rid of any
kind of danger or pest (ace), as cattle
attacking one, locusts, troublesome ama-
dhlozi, by shouting hebe! hebe! etc. Cp.
kwibiza; hobeza.

Ex. kutiioa akuhetshcxelwe nyenkomo, it is
said (by the witchdoctor), it (the ukufa or
disease, or more correctly the dissatisfied
amadhloxi who are held to be the cause of
it) should be driven away or got rid of by
(slaughter of) a beast.

hebexani utnsindo loica-ya, clear off or make
us rid of that noise over there.

Hebeza (Hheebeza), v. = ukuti he, heha.
Hebu, ukuti (Hhebhu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
hlepu.

Hebuka (Hhebhuka), v. == hlepuka.

Hebula (Hhebhula),v. — hlepula.

i(li)-Hebula (Hebhula), n. Man with hair
about the cheeks ( but less than the i(li)-
Hivanqa ).

Hede, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ncede.

um-Hedede, n, 5.= um-Ncedede.

um-Hedeni, n. 1. Heathen (M.).

Heha, v. = huha.

Heha (Hheehha), v. Rave, talk loudly
away in a wild, incoherent, senseless
manner and generally alone, like a person
out of his mind (= mpompa, huha, he-
ma) ; deal a person (ace.) or animal a
gash or gaping cut, as with a hatchet or
when splitting the scalp with a stick
(= ukuti he; see um-Hehe) [Her. heha,
chop off].

u(lu)-Heha (Hheehha), n. Raving habit i. e.

of wildly talking when alone or in a

senseless

u(lu)-Huha
um-Hehe (Hheehhe), n. 5. Large gaping

wound or gash, as might be made by a

blow with a hatchet. See Keha.

i(li)-Heheba, n. Anything with a rough,
uneven surface, as a stone, person's
hand after work ( oft. used in plur.) =
arua-Haye; sometimes applied to a tape-
worm.

Heheka (Hheehheka),v. Go ravingly in-
sane, be insane with the habit of wild
senseless talking (used in perf.) = huhe-
ka.

Heheka (s. k.), v. = huheka.

He he he (the last syll. gen. prolonged),

er, as some lunatics

int. Oh my! etc. expressing merry
ridicule — often shouted by a boy after
a girl who may be passing = ho lo lo.
Hehemuka (Hhehhemuka), v. = mukeleka,
Heheza, or Hehezela, v. Breathe rapidly
pant, as a dog after running ( com p
kefuzela); tell or report something (ace.)
to a person (ela form with doub. ace.)
secretly, make known to him privately
(= hlebela).

Ex. leyo'ndaba nyayihehexelwa ny'uMaji-
yana, that affair was whispered to me by
Majiyana.

Hela, v. Stand in line with face to the
front, forming an isi-Ceme, as girls
dancing (used in perf. = rrela) ; draw
a line of fire across the veldt, as a man
when setting fire to the grass at the
annual burns; carry about a report or
matter (ace), take it along among the
kraals, as a mischievous gossiper; cut
or pain a woman (ace), as do the bear-
ing-down pains of childbirth (=sika;
see um-Helo); sniff up snuff (ace.)
remaining on one's palm after holding
some, or from a leaf or i-viti as an old
woman (comp. berna); (C.N.) make a
hut with holes or chinks in thatch or
wattled sides.

i(li)-Helanjadu, n. Mischievous, untrust-
worthy gossiper, who can't hold his
tongue, talks abroad secrets confided to
him, distorts the truth, etc. Cp. i(li)-
Falafala. See hela; falaza.

i(li)-Hele, n. File of people, string of cattle,
or row of things, few or many, standing
or walking one behind the other (not
front-faced — isi-Ceme; a long train =
u(lu)-Dwendwe, u(lu)-Jenga) — see hela ;
any plane-formed (not solid or bulky)
thing whose surface is filled with holes
or unduly large interstices, like a sieve,
as the wattle framework of a hut when
not compactly built, any gauze-like cloth
of loose texture, or a field hoed or sown
in separated patches (comp. i(li)-Qali-
nga); any one of the separate holes,
chinks, or interstices in any such thing
as above (comp. i-Mfangamfanga).

Ex. indhlv ka'Bani il'ihek. So-and-so's hut
is (like a sieve) all holes i.e. with the wattle
meshes unduly large.

indhlu ka'Bani i'?nahele, So-and-so's hut
is all holes, i. c. abundant in little chinks
between the thatch where it has not been
closely placed.

P. sihlanyene pexuht (ry'engolwexd), pant si
si'mahele, we are close above (like the ulw-Mti),
underneath we are holes = our friendship is
only superficial, a thing of the mouth, as
one man might say of another whom he cou-

15*

HE 2

sidered his friend but who refuses to do him

a favour.
isi-Helehele, //. = i(li)-Rrwa.
Hele hele hele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Waft or

blow very softly, as a gentle breeze

passing = heleza,
Helele, ukuti (ukuthi), v.— ukuti rrelele.

i(li)-Helesi, n. Anything: unusually light of
its kind, a mere 'feather' in the hand,
as a card-board box, very thin calabash,
very light beer-basket, a bundle or load
surprisingly light for its size =i(li)-He-
ngesi, ifly-Pepesi, i(li)-Papasi, u(lu)-He-
she.

Heleza, /•. = ukuti hele hele hele.

um-Helo, n. o. Medium-sized basket, small-
er than an i(li)-Qoma, but larger than
an i-mlicnge; cutting pain felt by a
woman when bearing down in childbirth
i commonly in plur. = um-Siko, um-Kwa ;
see held ).

He ma, v. = hemuza.

Hema (Hheema),v. = heha, mpompa.

i(li)-Hembe (Hheembhe), v. Shirt [D.Hempi].

Hembu, ukuti (Hembhu, ukuthi), v. = he-
mbuka; hembuna, hembuza; ukuti hu-

iii hu.

Hembuka (Hembhuka), v. Get torn off, as
below = ukuti hembu; humbuka.

Hembuna (Hcmbhuna), v. Tear off (by
violently ] mlling), as a man weeding
might the tops of the weeds (ace. — not
pulling up by the roots = hlutula) or
a nail might tear off a portion of
one's garment = hembuza, humbuna.

Hembuza (Hembhuza), v. = hembuna.

um-Heme, n. 1. Person utterly destitute of

everything = um-Hlalaqa.
Hemu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hemuza.

Hemu, ukuti (Hheemu, ukuthi), v. Behalf
dark and half light in colour, as the face
of an ox or a shield; hence, get done
off i.e. blackened off or lightened off on
one sid<- or one half, as the one half of
a field when ploughed and the other
remaining, or the veldt burnt off only
on one side of a locality, or the sky
when the rain-elouds have passed off
towards one side leaving the other clear,
or (metaphor.) the pain of a sick person
wh<-n it has temporarily or partially
passed off hemuka; make be half
dark and half light in colour, as one
might a fancy-dress (ace.), or the head
of n person when shaving off only one
half of the hair, or the field or veldt
above hemula.

i(li)-Hemu (Hheemu), n. Thing dark on one

HE

side and light on the other, as an ox
black or red on one side of the body
and having white patches on the other,
or a shield similarly coloured; (C. N.) =
u-Nohemu.

Hemuka (Hheemuka), v. = ukuti hemu.

i(li)-Hemuhemu, n. Person given to talking

untruths, tales, fabricated statements, etc. ;

such a fabricated statement, made-up

report, etc. See hemuza.

Hemula (Hheemula), v. = ukuti hemu.

Hemuza, d. Talk lies, fabricated tales, etc. =
ukuti hemu, hema. See i(li)-Hemuhemu.

isi-Henge,w. Small broad-mouthed cala-
bash, used for beer.

i(li)-Hengehenge, n. = i(li)-Helesi.

u(lu)-Hengele, n. — um-Papu.

i(li)-Hengesi, n. = i(li)-Helesi.

u(lu)-Hengezi, n. = u(lu)-Yengezi.

Henqa, v. (C. N.) = honqa.

amaorizi-Henqahenqa, n. Separated groups
or clusters of people sitting about
here and there in one place, as at a
feast (not when so standing about =
ama-Xongoxongo) = izi-Hinqahinqa.

Hepu, ukuti (Hephu, ukuthi), v. Cut off
with a sudden whisk of any sharp in-
strument, sever at a stroke, as when
separating from the lump by a sharp
cut a piece of meat (ace.) already hang-
ing therefrom, or when cutting off by
a single movement of the sickle a bunch
of grass (ace.) held by the hand (= he-
pula, hepuna); get so cut off by a
single stroke (=hepuka). Cp. ukuti juqu.
[Her. kepura, cut off at a stroke].

um-Hepuhepu (Hephuhephu), n. 5. Kind of
long coarse grass.

Hepuka (Hephuka), v. = ukuti hepu; cp.
juquka.

Hepula or Hepuna (Hephula), v. = ukuti
hepu; cp. juqula.

Heqenga, v. "Wander idly about, 'loaf a-
bout, without any apparent object, in
other people's kraals, or in other wo-
men's huts in the home kraal = hequ-
nga, hequza.

u(lu)-Heqengu, n. Idle wanderer, or loafer
about, as in other people's kraals or
other women's huts in the home kraal.
See heqenga.

Hequnga, v. = heqenga.

Hequza, v. = heqenga.

Hesha, v. Throw any upright thing, as a
pillar (ace), man, or cow, out of the
perpendicular by pulling it away at its
base, so that unless supported, it will
fall, as one would do if wanting to bring

HE

229

HI

down a roof, or as the Natives do when
wanting to bring down a young beast
by catching hold of its legs and pulling
them aside (— kela); cut away long
grass and weeds (ace.) from any place,
as when clearing it for ploughing (=
hula) [Her. henya, cut off, as hair].

Heshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Whisk up, whisk-
away anything (ace.) of a very light
nature, as the wind taking up and away
a piece of paper (ace.) lying in its course,
or a man taking up any article, as a
bandbox, which appears heavy from its
size but is really unusually light (cp.
i(li)-Helesi) ; draw or take out just a
little, as a handful of mealies from a
sack (= ukuti tweshe); (sometimes heshe
heshe) rattle, as earth or small stones
when shaken up in a calabash or tin-can,
as when scaring away locusts; make so
to rattle, shake up the earth (ace.) or
stones, as above = hesheza.

isi-Heshe, n. Girl's umutsha or girdle
made of short strings of beadwork
hanging separate and loose like a fringe
right round the body; girl's isi-Gege
made of hanging strings of beadwork
in the same way; long waving beard
(not cut stiffly), as of many Dutchmen
(= u-Celemba; um-Ncele;c\>.i-nTshebe);
wearer of such a beard.

u(lu)-Heshe, n. — i(li)-Helesi; and u-Rrebe.

ubu- Heshe, n. = i-nHesheza.

Hesheza, v. Rattle, as earth or small
stones when shaken about inside a cala-
bash, box, or tin-can, or as a little snuff
inside a snuff-box; make so to rattle,
shake up the earth (ace), stones, or
snuff as above, as when scaring away
locusts (comp. hashaza); whisk up or
away, take up lightly, as the wind a
piece of paper (ace), or a man an un-
usually light article or parcel = ukuti
heshe, ukuti keshe.

i-nHesheza, n. Little snuff still left in a
snuff-box, just so little as to be capable
of producing a rattling noise when
shaken; hence, little, or very small
quantity of anything, as a 'handful' of
mealies, beans, dumbis, still left of one's
supply, or given to a person = ubu-
Heshe; i-nKesheza; cp. u-Kiveshe.

Hevu, ukuti (Hhevu, ukuthi), v. — hevuza;
hevuzeka.

u-Hevu (Hhevu), n. Any kind of spreading
ulcer, syphilitic sore, etc., that 'eats in-
to' the flesh considerably.

Hevuza (Hhevuza), v. Eat into the flesh

considerably, as certain kinds of sores.

Hevuzeka (s. k.), v. Get eaten into, as a

person or his body by spreading sores,
as above.
Hewu, ukuti (Hheewu, ukuthi), v. Cut,
break, or tear off a piece, as of flesh,
or of an earthen pot (ace.) = hewula;
get so cut, broken, or torn off= hewu-
ka.

ama-Hewu (no sing.), n. Fermented mealie-
porridge [introduced from N.j.

isi-Hewu (Hheewu), n. Piece cut, broken,
or torn off from anything, as above ;
such thing itself from which the piece
has been cut, broken, or torn off. Cp.
isi-Hlepu.

Hewuka (Hheewuka),v. = ukuti heivu.

Hewula (Hheewula),v. = ukuti heivu.

Hewula (Hhewula), v. Utter a wailing cry,
wail, as a woman in grief (= hiwula) ;
howl in a wailing manner, as a hycena
( not a dog — see um-Kulungwane ).

Heza (Heeza), v. = ukuti he.

um-Hiba (pi. imi-Hiba or H'ibahiba,), n. 5.
= um-Gidingo.

Ex. ultan/be nga'mhiba muni namhlomje?
what affair, or business, has he gone away
about to-day ?

Hibanisa, v. Complicate, entangle or
confusedly mix up together, as a lot of
string (ace.) ; confusedly mix up things
(ace.) together with a purpose, as a
woman who mixes in with her own the
mealie-cobs of another person which
may be lying near, thus rendering them
indistinguishable, so that she may easily
steal them.

isi-Hibe, n. Slip-knot, loop, noose, as for
trapping, catching, or suspending any-
thing; coil or circular winding, as of
rope or wire, for hanging on a peg ( cp.
i(li)-Faba; i-nKata).

Hida, v. Wattle, as a fence (ace.) by inter-
twining with twigs or wattles (=piea);
sew roughly, with long loose stitches,
as when tacking two pieces of cloth
(ace.) together previous to sewing, or
thatching a roof (= huba; qalingisa).

u(lu)-Hidi. n. Any long string of a thing,
as a long rope, railway train, a long
endless story = u(lu)-HuIc.

Hi la, v. Entangle about, catch by entang-
ling around, as a string (nom.) might
the feet (ace.) of a person or the branch
of a tree about which it is drawn (—
hintsha); entangle a thing about, noose
it, catch it by an entanglement, as a
person (nom.) when catching an animal
(ace.) by a noose (= hintsha); catch a
person '(a°c-) m nis talk *• e- fasten upon
him sharply and craftily for some state-

HI

230

HLA

ment he may inadvertently have made
(= kilela): choke a person (ace.), 'catch'
him in the throat, as food or a bone
mighl when sticking in the throat (=
kunnca; cp. gwaliza; ma) [Sw. kilo, a
trap, trick].
Hilela, r. Entangle a thing (ace.) about
or around with a string (with nga) or
noose, as a person might the leg of an
animal; entangle i.e. make get caught
by entanglement, as one might a rope
(ace.) or string when twisting it round
a tnc (loc); entangle about i.e. catch
round, get entangled about, as a string
might about the branches (loc.) of a tree
through which it is pulled (= hileka,
hileleka)', entangle itself i.e. get entang-
led or caught together, as a bunch of
string (nom.) when forming together in
a knot (= hileka, hileleka).

Hilelana, v. Entangle or get entangled to-
gether, as a bunch of string (used in
pert'. ).

Hileleka (s. k.), v. — see hilela.

i(li)-Hiliba, n. A 'fast' girl, loose flirt,
who merely 'plays' with the young men.

Hilikiqa (s. k.), v. Commit evil, do wrong
of any serious, criminal nature, as rob-
bing, immorality, and the like (= ukuti
lnilakaqa; cp. rrina)\ drive or chase off
by pelting with missiles, as one might
a strange dog (ace); slip away to, slip
into, as a child running off to another
kraal by stealth, or stealing into a hut
it has been forbidden to enter = ukuti
hilikiqi.

Hilikiqi ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = hilikiqa.

Ex. alee ngiti hilikiqi exibeni, let me just
slip into the outhouse (to steal a drink of
beer).

i(li)-Hilikiqi (s.k.),n. Evil-doer, crime-
worker, scoundrel, villain = i(li)-Hata-
nga, i(li)-Halakaqa.

Hina, v. Cut off at the end so as to short-
en, as one might a dress (ace.) or long
Bleeping-mat = huna [Her. henya, cut,
a- hair].

um-Hini, n. 5. Thing cut short, as above,
ae a dress, mat, etc.

izi-Hmqahinqa, n. = ama-Henqahenqa.

Hintsha (s.t.),v. = hila.

Hintshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s.L),v. = hilela.

Hintsheka (s. t.; s. k.), v. — hileka, hilele-
ka see hilela.

Hmtshela (s.t.),v. = hilela.

i-nHmtshela (s.t.),n. Entanglement in a
Btring, a- made by a loop, slip-knot,
noose, knot, <-t.-. Cp. isirHtbe.

Hmtshi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. = hila, hi-
lela.

Hintshiza (s.t.),v. = hila, hilela.

Hintshizisana (s.t.),v. Take one another up
sharply for some rash statement
each has inadvertently made = hilana.

i(li)-HTqihiqi,n. One who gets brought up
or is continually made to hesitate, as
below.

ubu-HVqihiqi, n. Affair complicated by
many difficulties, that constantly bring
one to a stand.

Hiqiza, v. Get caught or brought abruptly
to a stand-still, get 'stuck', as a man in
a disputation when confronted with
arguments which he cannot answer, or a
rusty needle when it gets caught in the
hole or (by comparison) a machine that
breaks down somewhere and so comes
to a stand; get choked, as by a bone.

isi-HTya (Hiiya), n. Mixture of pumpkin
or mashed sweet-potato with crushed
mealies or mabele; also applied to um-
Ncindo q. v. = isi-Jingi.

Hla (infin. uku-hle; subj. hie; perf. hie-
vowel of unshortened length), defect, aux.
v. used idiomatically and signifying
'actually, just, so' , when used to express
reproachful surprise, etc. = se of the
same meaning [Comp. Xo. eku-hleni,
clearly, openly — probably the same
word - and Zulu sa, be clear, as sky;
also comp. freq. interchanging in Z. of
hla or hie and se; also identity of i-Hlo
and i-So (the eye). From which it would
appear that hla and sa are merely dif-
ferent varieties of the same root].

Ex. usinisa, kuhle kukd' Mangobe ('abbrevi-
ated for usinisa, kuhle kube ukusina kuka-
'Mangobe), you dance just like Mangobe (in
full form, 'you dance, it is just the dancing
of Mangobe ').

uhamba, kuse kube (ox kuhle kube) uMa-
ngobe, you walk just like Mangobe (lit. you
walk, it is just Mangobe himself).

uhVutule (or us'utule)? kawumuxwa, yitii,
ekubixa? so you just be silent? don't you
hear him calling you?

uhle wangibuka nje, teas' 'edhlula, he just
merely looked at me, and then went on.

ngihle ngimtole el'uzulane nje, ngimkulise,
as'ehle angibembeselef that I should just
take him in a homeless waif, bring him up,
and then he actually turn his back on me!

kuyangimangalisa loko, uinuntu onganga-

we ukuhle 'enxe kanjalo, that surprises me,

that a person of your age should come to

act in such a way !

isi-HIa, n. (C.N.) = isi-Hlwa.

um or umu-HIa, n. 5. (seldom used as

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231

simple noun in this form, except in
plur. and adverbially). Day = i(li)-La-
nga, u(lu)-Suku. Cp. i-Mini [akin to
umu-So (morrow) and sa (dawn) — Sw.
ku-cha, dawn; (Ja. ma-cha, dawn].

Ex. imihla yonke, ngemihla nemihla, imi-
hla namalanga, imihla nayixolo or nama-
tolo, every day, day by day, day after day.

nga'mhla, on the day when.

ngomhVomunye, on the day after to-mor-
row.

ngomhlomtmye womunye, or ngomhlomu-
nye iromhlomunye, or ngornhlomunye wango-
mhlomunye, or ngomhlwanc, on the day after
the day after to-morrow, i. e. ou the third
day (after to-day).

ngomhlwanc ngvmhl/rai/e, four days ahead,
on the fourth day (after to-day).

mhlawu/mbe, or mhlayimbe, perhaps, per-
chance (lit. another day, sometimes).

u(lu)-Hla,w. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Hlu.

Hlaba, v. Pierce or stick a thing (ace.)
with any sharp-pointed instrument, as
when sticking a piece of meat with a
fork; stab, as a beast with an assegai
(== ukuti gqushu); slaughter, slay with
a piercing instrument, as a beast for
food, or a man in battle (= gwaza);
prick, as a person's body with a pin, or
as a thorn might a man's foot (= ukuti
qushu); gore, as one cow another with
its horn; thrust, give a thing (ace.) a
thrust, with any pointed instrument like
a stick (= ukuti cushe); strike with
any sharp-pointed instrument i. e. make
it penetrate, as with a pick in any par-
ticular spot; pain, or attack with pain,
as a disease might a person (ace.) in
any particular part of the body; thrust
in or through, as the worker outside
does the needle (with nga) when thatch-
ing a hut (— tula, hloma) — also idio-
matically in numerous senses as below
[Chw. thlaba, pierce].

Ex. ukufa kwamhlaba lapa, the disease
attacked him with pain in this place (on the
body).

ukulutna arnaxwi ahlabayo, you speak
words that are painful.

Phr. nangu umntuana engihlaba a/male
(or ite) kuye, this is the child in whom I
experience pleasure, gladness, or satisfaction.

uNdwandwe iras'ehlaba igamu lak/tbo,
Ndwandwe then struck up, or led off with,
a song of their country.

baye 'kuhlaba mngonqo, they (the youug
men) have gone to hurl their spears (in the
ground) outside the hut in which the be-
trothed of one of them is menstruating (ac-
cording to a former custom).

bahlaba Hide, they went in single file, one
behind the other.

HLA

ug'exwa kuhlatshua umkosi, I heard a cry
of notice given — whether it be of alarm at
any danger, or announcement of any event
of public concern.

kufike amaXt/enga, exa 'kuhlaba isikoxd
enkosini ngengan/axane, there arrive Tonga
Kafirs, coming to open up or establish good
relations with the chief by means of a buck
(which they will sell to him very cheaply
or present to him altogether) -- with a view
to further business in the future, or as a
newly-arrived storekeeper seeking customers
(imi-Koxi) by unusually liberal transactions
at the start.

iitja ingahlaba umkulungwane, abantu bn-
sebeti, 'hlaba umgodoyi!1 when a dog sets
up howling (at night), the Natives say 'stick
this wretched dog' (with an assegai).

nyahlaba ikwelo, yabuya (inja), T gave a
whistle and it returned (the dog).

wadimde wangihlaba ngamehlo, he just
looked fixedly at me, fixed his eyes on me
= joloxela, ukuti nxo.

uVehlabe ngendololivane etafuleni (ox j>a-
ntsi), he was leaning with the elbow-point
on the table, as a man thinking, (or on the
ground) as women do at times, leaning
down over the squatting knees with head
between the hands and elbows resting on
the ground.

ake nyihlabe ipika, let me take a breath,
or a moment's rest, as from walking or any
physical exertion.

baldabelana ('from hlaba) usulo, bati, ma-
kabulawe, they made up a conspiracy or
complot among themselves, that he should
be killed.

rvangihlaba intlahla lowo'mlungu, he gave
me a run of good fortune did that White-
man, blessed me repeatedly with good
things, made me prosper or rejoice in contin-
uous good luck.

ingubo engihlaba intlixigo (ox utnxicele)
nantsi, the blanket which strikes my fancy,
is after my taste, pleases me, is this one.

■wamhlaba entlixiyweni ngexwi elibi, he
caused him pain by an offensive word.

baqale bapambanise ixintungo, basebehla-
ba amaxonde, they first lay the wattles
across one another ( in building the frame-
work of a hut ) and then do them off with
small tyings or bindings.

idaka liyc lahlaba cxuluini, the kraal-
mud went and pierced the sky = tin-
cattle there were in immense number.

uMpiyake itxihlabr tagewoFindhlela, Mpi-
yake has gone off, or removed to other parts,
with all his belongiugs = uxihlabe talala.

P. ohlab'cyake k'alel/ra, he who slaughters
his own beast is not forbidden = he can
do as he likes with his own.

kagihlntahica ummtsi, it (the buck) is not
stabbed by the one who first rouses it up

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232

HLA

I but by the second man who comes along
behind"' = lie gets best served who comes
last — as might be said of a young man
who has won a girl"s consent after she has
already refused others.
i(li)-Hlaba, u. Prickly-aloe, smaller than
the um-Hlaba and' with leaves covered
with prickles, used in the Native dress-
ing oi skins; any bitter, strong or pun-
it thing, as' aloes, or by (Native)
comparison, strong beer, etc (= isi-
Babane; comp. isi-Hahadolo); one of
a certain regiment formed by Dingane
and next after the isi-Kulutshane; soil
from a grave, which is sometimes used
tor purposes of uku-takata, being
supposed to cause lung-disease if eaten
(— um-Hlabati, i-nTlabati).

um-Hlaba, n. 5. Aloe (Aloe ferox) plant or
haves thereof (which are not prickly,
but have thorny edges), which are com-
monly used by the Native for mixing
with snuff to render it more pungent
= i-nTlaba. Comp. i(li)-Hlaba [Sw.
mshubiri, aloe].

Phr. iitshuala bumnandi, bung'uml/laba,
the beer is nice, it is like aloes, i. e. is
-trong, pungent.

um-Hlaba (Hlaaba), n. 5. The earth or
world (not the soil = um-Hlabati); land,
such as might be owned by any parti-
cular individual (= i(U)-Zwe) ; used (N)
for ama-Dhlozi (= um-Hlabati, i-nTla-
bati) [Skv.jagat, world; Ar. ard, earth;
Gr. plasma, mould; Sw. shamba, land;
Bfamb. neba].

Hlabahlosi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perfectly
satisfactory ( of its kind), without defect
or fault to be found, as a garment or
vessel, singing, talk, and the like.

Kx. kuUywo'muntu kakusliib ukuti hlaba-
hlosi, with that person there is a screw loose
uewhere, it is not all perfectly right.

i(li)-Hlabaledhlule fpl. atna-Hlaba-edhlule),
n. Unprincipled wanderer, who sets up
for a short time in one strange kraal
then leaves it for another = i(li)-Ha-
peshe; cp. um-Shangeshu, i(li)-Hambe-
Ubadhlela; um-Hambiiiua.

i(li)- Hlabalokumbelwa ( Hlabal okumbhe-
Iwa), n. =i(li)-Znnenkande; cp. um-La-

njirnna.

isi-Hlabamakondhlwane (Hlalxnitakho-
ndhlwane),n. Certain veldt-herb having
a thorny flower and whose leaves are
used for ub-Endhle and the roots me-
dicinally for a cough.

isi-Hlabamhlolo, n. Any unusual occur-
rence, supposed to predict a coming um-
Hlola, as when the children set up play-

ing at an isi-Lilo q.v., or mealies send
forth filaments from the grains them-
selves, or when certain birds or insects
appear (see i(li)-Bika).

um-Hlabampunzi (s.p.),n.5. Certain tree,
used for making Dingane's sticks.

i(li)-Hlabamvula, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Hlaba-
zulu.

Hlabana, v. Fight bravely, as a warrior
stabbing right and left in a fight; do
bravely, in any deed requiring courage,
as when a man attacks and kills a
dangerous snake or wild-beast.

i(li)-Hlabantsungulo (used collect.; s.t.),n.
Seedling of mealie or any other similar-
ly growing plant (whose seed-leaves
pierce through the soil in a sharply
pointed twirled-up manner). Cp. isi-
Pumpu.

isi-Hlabane, n. After or second-crop of
ama-bele growing out from old or al-
ready harvested stalks. See hloba.

Hlabaneka (s. k.), v. Shiver (C.N.) — see
hlakanyeka.

ubu-Hlabankomo floe. ebu-Hlabankomo ;
s. k.), n. Place just below the left arm-
pit, or spot corresponding thereto in an
ox where it is usually stabbled so as to
reach the heart.

um-Hlabangubo, n. 5. Prickly seed or seeds
of the u-Qadolo weed.

i(li)-Hlabati (Hlabathi), n. Whitish sandy
soil; sometimes applied to pure sand
(= isi-Hlabati) [At. He, sand].

isi-Hlabati (Hlabathi), n. Sand, as on the
sea-shore; gravel; sometimes applied to
sandy soil; an i-buto lezintombi formed
by Mpande about the time of his flight
into Natal from Dingane.

Phr. uNkuldu ufana nexihlabati xolwa-
iidhle, Nkuhlu is like the sea-sand *'. e. is
very light coniplexioned. See wn-Hanga.

um-Hlabati (Hlabathi), n. 5. Ground, earth,
soil, land ; applied to the ama-Dhlozi or
those down below, already buried; also
to the soil of a grave (= i(li)-Hlaba)
which is not touched when hoeing, and
is sometimes used for uku-takata =
i-nTlabati [Lat. terra, earth; sabulum,
sand; Hi. zamin, earth; reta, sand; Ar.
ard, earth; tin, soil; Sw. inchi, arthi
(from Ar.) ; Ga. insi ; Bo, si ; Mor. badi ;
Her. e-hi\.

Ex. ngilcutole emhlabatini, I found in it
the soil, or on the earth.

iirjikutole pantsi, I found it on the ground
( anywhere).

wadhliswa umhlabati (or ihlaba), he was
made to eat, i. e. was poisoned with, grave-

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233

HLA

soil — which is supposed to be one of the
causes of i(li)-Xwala or consumption.

hca? 'Msunduxa kungene umhlabati wak'o-
Bantu, at Msunduza's there has got in the
earth-people or ama-dhlozi, i.e. there is some-
body there who is down with pleurisy (u(lu)-
Hlabo) — winch is supposed to be caused by
the ama-dhlox i.

P. umhlabati kawu/noni, the ground doesn't
get fat (however many are buried in it) —
a word of lamentation over a dead friend.

i(li)-Hlabazulu, n. Young bullock of about
two years old, with its horns still 'pointed
heavenwards = i-nTlabisamtimba.

Hlabela, v. = habelela.

Hlabelela, v. Sing, generally (not properly

of a bird == kala). Cp. huba.
isi-Hlabelelo, n. Song of childhood, which
almost every mother invents for her
child, and which is sung during infancy,
at the time of first menstruation and
\ marriage ; (M) song, hymn, psalm (fr.
verb hlabelela). Comp. isi-Takazelo ;
i(li)-Gamu; i(li)-Hubo.

um-Hlabelo, n. 5. Any medicine used for
'rubbing in' to remedy a fracture,
sprain, or snake-bite.

Hlabeza.i'. (C.N.) = hlebeza.

Hlabisa, v. Make to slaughter i. e. present
to a person (ace.) a beast (ace. or with
nga) for slaughtering, as e. g. when he
comes on a visit to the kraal; hence,
present with, generally, even with things
(with nga or ace.) which do not require
killing, as a blanket.

Ex. kukona, yini, umuidu ofikayo, anga-
hlatshisiva 'lido na? is there then any per-
son who arrives (on a visit) and is not pre-
sented with something ?

isi-Hlabo, n. Small piece of wood having
iron points or nails knocked in and
used for scraping skins (= i-nDhlwa-
ndhlwa); fork, for eating meat.

u(lu)-Hlabo, n. Sharp piercing pain in the
side near the breast — a symptom of
pleurisy and pleurodynia and supposed
to be caused by the amadhlozi (= isi-
Bobo; see bokoda); footprint of a hoofed
animal (N. — see i(li)-Sondo).

um-Hlabamkonde (Hlabamkhonde), n. 5.
Person looking fixedly downward, from
fear, etc. (C. N.). See um-Konde.

Hlafa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fahla.

Hlafaza, v. = fahlaza.

Hlafu hlafu, ukuti (ukuthi). v. = hla-
fuza.

ama- Hlafu hlafu (nosing.), n. Grain merely
broken up or very coarsely ground on
the stone (= i-nQavunqavu) ; garment

worn or moth-eaten into rags (= ama-
Dhlavudhlavu). See hlafuza.
Hlafuna, v. Chew or masticate anything
(ace.) in the mouth ; wear out clothes
(ace.) in an unduly short time; rate a
person (ace.) soundly, 'give it to him'
with words (cp. dhlavuza) [S\v. Bo.
tafuna; Her. tatuna].

Phr. ongena' siqepu sentlabati uyakuhlafmi-
'egijima, who hasn't a piece of land ( of his
own) will eat his mealie-grams while running,
i. e. won't have a place where he can even
sit down and enjoy his food.

Hlafunela, v. Put a person (ace.) up to
anything by advice or suggestion, as a
young-man to take a particular girl or
a man as to what he should say at his
defence. Comp. funzelela; nikeza.

Hlafuza, v. Merely break up or grind
coarsely grain (ace.) on the stone, as a
lazy girl only half grinding (= gqakaza);
tear about into holes, as a careless boy
his clothes (ace.) or the moth when
eating them (= dhlavuza).

Hlahla, v. Cut anything (ace.) with a clear
chopping blow; hence, chop up, as a
slaughtered ox by chopping the bone-
joints (= hlahlela) ; chop down, as a tree
or tree branch; chop off, as sugar-cane
or imfe, when collecting it from the
field; deal a person (aec.) a heavy blow
causing on open wound (i-nGozi) on the
head; open a painful bruise (i-nGozi),
by dealing it a brisk slitting-cut with a
very sharp knife ; divide off, as a captain
his regiment into troops (ace.) ; open out,
disclose, as the sky does the sun (ace.)
when it cuts asunder the clouds and
allows it to appear; be or become clear,
bright, without obscurity of colour, as
water when it 'cuts itself off from the
sediment i. e. when the sediment has
settled (== civeba), or Kafir-corn that has
grown fine clear-tinted grains (used in
perf.); make so clear or bright, as a
good calabash is supposed to make the
Whey (ace.) by well separating off the
curds, leaving a pure serum (cp. hlwe-
nga); put on nodes or joints (ace), as
ail imfe plant does from below after
attaining the height of about two feet
[Her. heha, chop off; hahiza, chop up;
Sw. kata, chanja, chop].

Ex. ngiyakubuya, (amanzi) es'ehlahlile, I
shall return when it (the water) has already
settled or become clear.

mahle la'mabele, ahlahlile, this Kafir-corn
is nice, having clear-coloured grains.

yaseyisuka indium, yahlahla amaviyo,
then the captain went and separated off the
various sections (of the regimeut).

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234

HLA

nhlakla ingoxi ekanda, he cut him a
wound ou the bead.

aeUyahiahla Uanga, it (the sky) is now
putting the clouds aside, and letting the sun
come "lit.
i(li)-Hlahla, //. A 'chopping' i.e. a branch
of a tree, portion of a busli, and the like,
when chopped off or away for any pur-
pus.-, as the bush-choppings left when
<>ne clears a spot for ploughing, the
portion of a bush with which one might
block up a pathway, or the branches
which one chops off in the bush for
making or wattling a kraal-fenee. Comp.
ifliJ-Hlamvu.

isi-Hlahla, n. Bush i. e. a single small tree;
a small 'bush' or clump of small trees
isolated together on the veldt; that spot,
nerally a hush, though sometimes a
river-side or open veldt, where the
bridal-party assemble to dress them-
selves or put on their finery on the
morning before a wedding-dance [Sw.
ki-ehaka, thicket].

I'lir. wamiola esihlahleni (or endhle), she got
him (the child) in a bush (or on the veldt) i.e.
by illegitimate intercourse. See um-Lanjivana.

V. teihlahla asinyelwa, the bush (to which
you run for shelter) is not defiled with or-
dure = don't speak ill of him who has be-
friended you.

um-Hlahlahla, n. 5. Certain tree (C. N.).

um-Hlahlamakwaba, n. 5. Certain tree
(Bridelia micrantha) (N).

Hlahlamela,?' Come across anything good
(ace.) by luck, by chance or unexpected
good-fortune, as beer in a kraal, money
on the road or a lost thing long sought
for and unfound ; come down upon one
(ace) by luck or chance, as any good
fortune, or bad, as an accident or other
misfortune; hence, passive, hlahlanye-
Iwa, he come down upon by, take the
chances of, risk, as a traveller dangers
(ace). See i-nTlahla.

Ex. ngapambuka, ngati, ngiyakucela iigwa-
///, ngasengihlahlamela inyama, I went aside
(into a kraal), thinking I would ask a pinch
of snuff, when 1 had the good fortune to
come across meat.

ngati ngiyagoduka, rufetvka sengimhlahla-
meie, as I was returning home, suddenly
1 chanced by good luck upon him.

ikupika ngokuhamba, ingoxi isihlahla-

mele, we shall simply travel on ahead, and

h-t the danger come down upon us by luck

ill chance the danger.

■• ■ ■■■ nawe, smlahlanyelwe ingoxi,

with you and he come down

upon by luck by any danger, i.e. and will

chance or run the risk of any danger.

Hlahlamelisa, t>. Make one come across
good things (doub. ace), make one (ace.)
luckj- or of good fortune, as some charms
are supposed to do.

um-Hlahle (Hlaahle), n. 5. Coast tree,
bearing edible berries (i-nTsheshe);
(with plur.) kind of long grass or rush
(i. e. a single rush) growing in moist
meadow places and yielding fibre.

Hlahlela, v. Chop up a slaughterred beast
(ace.) = hlahla.

um-Hlahlo (Hlaahlo; or by some unlength-
ened,), n. 5. A going together of all
men of any particular locality (gener-
ally by order of the chief) to considt an
um-ngoma, that an evil-doer who is
"supposed to be among them may become
'smelt out'; the actual consultation itself
= i-nGoboco. See bula; nuka.

X.B. Should any serious and unaccount-
able evil chance to befal a kraal, as for in-
stance, the death of a large number of its
inmates or its cattle, the kraal-owner would
send out, into different districts, three or
four members of his family or friends to
bula i. e. consult a witchdoctor as to the
cause of the occurrence. This preliminary
proceeding is technically styled uku-paka
ixindhlela. Should the result of such consul-
tation show that the evil has been worked by
some human-being in the neighbourhood (not
by the ancestral-spirits or ama-dhloxi), the
kraal-owner will forthwith advise the chief,
and this latter on his part will authorise
some suitable person to arrange for a gene-
ral and united consultation with any par-
ticular witchdoctor by all the men in the
neighbourhood. This organiser of the affair
is said 'to be given an umhlahlo' [uku-nikwa
umhlahlo ) to arrange. Of the men going in
body to such a consultation, it is said that
'they are an umhlalo, or ingoboco' (bang'um-
hlahlo), and that 'they are going to hold an
umhlahlo' (baya 'kubula umhlahlo); and of
the witchdoctor himself, that 'he is holding
an umhlahlo' ( uyabula umhlahlo).

ubu-Hlahlo, n. Place cleared of its bush
for cultivation = ubu-Cabe.

Hlaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = hlakaka;
hlakaza.

i(li)-Hlaka (s.k.),n. Beestings, or milk of
a cow for the first couple of days after
calving. Comp. um-Tubi, u(lu)-Bisi.

u(lu)-Hlaka (s. k.), n. Reed-mat i.e. a num-
ber of long reeds bound together by fib-
res and used for wrapping round food-
stuffs, a human corpse, etc., when to be
carried; small hut, or kraal-partition,
built of a fence of similar reed-work, and
used for keeping calves or beer in.

HLA

Ex. utahwcUa bus'ohlakeni, the beer is in
the reed -hut.
Hlakahla (s.k.),v. Cut apart, as the bones
(ace.) of a slaughtered beast at the
joints, or the two sides of a Native hut
(ace.) when removing it in two sections ;
open out, so as to see, or be seen, clear-
ly, as a complicated affair (ace.) or a
person's dense head (ace.) by explaining
to him [akin to hlakaza].

Ex. timlunga uyakusihlakahlela le'ndaba,
the whiteman will explain to us this matter.

ixibalo lexi xiyahlakahla amakattda, this
arithmetic opens out our heads, dispels their
density.
u(lu)-HlakahlaYsometimes plur.i-nTlakahla;
8. k.), n. Spittle dried round the mouth
after sleep (comp. ama-Kotokoto) ; the
spongy-bones at the back of the nose
internally; veldt-plant whose large bul-
bous root is used as an isi-Hlambezo.

ama-Hlakahlaka (no sing. s. k.), n. Tatters,
thing all in rags or ragged disorder, as
a ragged coat, sleeping-mat falling to
bits from wear, or thatch on a hut all
knocked about in disorder; untidiness,
dirty disorder, generally, as rubbish
lying about a hut, or dried food and
dirt on the unwashed face of a child =
ama-Hlakavu, i-nTlakantlaka, ama-
Hlikihliki.

Hlakahlisa (s.k.), v. = citisa.

Hlakaka (s.k.),y. = hlakazeka.

isi-Hlakala (s.k.),n. Wrist. Comp. i(li)-
Qakala [Her. e-ngaha, wrist],

Hlakalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.)4 v. Be disor-
derly scattered about, all in confusion,
as things thrown about, or people en-
gaged in a general quarrel or commo-
tion = ukuti xakalala.

ubu-Hlakalala (s.k.),n. Disorderly scat-
tering about in all directions, confusion,
commotion, as of things thrown about,
or of people quarrelling or bustling
about = ubu-Xakalala.

isi-Hlakalane (s. k.), n. Pain in the wrist
from grinding — supposedly caused by
the fact of a 'boy' having previously
ground on the stone.

i(li)-Hlakani (s.k.),n. Crafty, cunning in-
dividual = i(li)-Qili. See qina.

ubu-Hlakani (s.k.),n. Craftiness, cunning
= ubu-Qili.

Hlakanipa (Hlakanipha), v. Be smart in-
tellectually, in any sense; be wise, sen-
sible, prudent, in one's actions or judge-
ment; be skilful, clever, in matters of
work ; be smart, bright, sharp, lively,
not dull-minded or stupid, as a smart

235 HLA

boy or servant, or a dog; be cautious,
wary, on the look out, as for dangers
or sudden occurrences (= xwaya) ; reach
the age of reason i. e. begin to show-
sense and mental brightness, as a child
of about seven years of age; become
brighter in spirits, as a sick person re-
covering from a crisis (mostly used in
pert.). Comp. qina; cwepesha [I c. hag en,
wise; Sw. angalifa, cautious; Her.
ekangi, watchful].

Ex. woz'ahfakanipe belli, he will of course
come to get more sense (as he grows older).
Phr. intombi lea'Hambanoba ilele, i<j<r,i
layo kalildakaiiipile, Hambanoba's daughter
is half-asleep (of a dull, sleepy-minded
nature), her blood (or vitality i is not lively
or animated.

uhlakanipile- ngantlanye okivoruese, he is
sharp ou one side, like a knife, i. e. he is
only half sharp; intelligent enough in some
respects, stupid in others.

uhlakanipile ngamehlo, okwompenqe, he is
sharp by his eyes, like an um-Penqe q. v. =
he looks sharp enough, but it is all eyes,
he being really stiipid and dull.
Hlakanipela (Hlakaniphela), v. Be smart,
sharp, clever, etc., in regard to; be
cautious of, on the look out for any
thing (ace.)

Ex. uku-^i-hlakanipela, to have one's
wits about one, take care of oneself,
um- H lakanya (s. k.), n. 5. Large white mag-
got-like wood-grub, frequently found
embedded in fire-wood, and eaten by
some Natives.
Hlakanyeka (s.k.),v. = qakanyeka.
u(lu)-Hlakasha (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Hlasha.
isi-Hlakatsha (s.k.; s.t.),n. = isi-Hlanga-

tsha.
isi-Hlakaviti (Hlakavithi), n. = isi-Hlaka-

vu; i-nTlakaviti.
ama-Hlakavu (no sing.; s.k.),n. Tatters,
thing all fallen to bits, in ragged dis-
order, as a worn-out sleeping-mat, rag-
ged isidivaba, or dilapidated hut = ama-
Dhlavudhlavu, ama-Hlakahlaka [Her.
ou-kaka, rags],
isi-Hlakavu (s. k.), n. Sleeping-mat, isi-diva-
ba, or garment generally, all fallen to
bits, in tatters = isi-Hlakaviti, ama-
Hlakavu, isi-Dhlavudhlavu, i-nTlaka-
vu.
Hlakaza (s.k.), v. Scatter about, disperse,
as one might when throwing about a
lot of things (ace.), or a dog a flock of
sheep; take to pieces, knock to pieces,
as a man might an old house or box
(ace), or large pieee of furniture for
transport (= hlikiza); pull raggedly

HLA

about, put in disorder, as a lot of clothes
(ace.) arranged on shelves (— hlikiza);
grind mealies (acc), etc., very coarsely,
merely breaking up the grains (= gqa-
kaea); apportion out one's property
as a dying man does among his
Bona ( aba); divide out the whole brew
of beer (ace.) from the imbiza into other
-mailer storing vessels previous to the
drink (when direct from the imbiza into
the drinking pots or iei-riKamba —
tunga); spread about, as a report or
iet (acc). Comp. sakaza.

Hlakazeka fs. /,-.), r. Get scattered about,
dispersed, taken to pieces, etc., as above.
I lomp. safcaseka.

Ex. aebehlakaxekile, they (the crowd) have
already dispersed.

sekuHihlakaxeka nexwe lonke, it has now got
published abroad all over the country.

isi-Hlakoti (Hlakothi),n. Red-currant Tree
{Rhus villosa), having edible berries,
and heart-wood ruby red. Comp. i-nTlo-
hoshane.

Hlakula fs. k.), v. Weed with the hoe, clear
of weeds by hoeing, as a mealie-field
tace.). or the weeds therein (not to clear
off weeds in a yard by chipping them
off at the top with a hoe = centa; nor
yet by pulling them up wtth the hand
sipula) [Her. zukura, to weed].
Phr. a i ; ml a sengamlima, nyaxe ngamhla-
ktifa, as to Gudu, I have by this ploughed
him and weeded him = I have come to
kimw him through and through.

um-Hlakuva (s. k.), n. 5. Castor-oil bush (Ri-
einus communis).

u(lu)-Hlakuva (s.k.),n. Castor-oil seed i.e.
stone inside the pod = i-nTlakuva.

Phr. xng'enxa nmpanda icentlakuva, you
treat me with contempt, make me out an
old castor-oil-seed pot (because this pot was
regarded as a thing of no importance, being
kepi outside, never in the hut).

.\.B. The old women used originally to
pre«s oil from these seeds, after first dry-
i rj tr and heating them. The oil was used
chiefly for the smearing of skin-kilts, also for
the ear- of children with a scrofulous flow.

Hlala fperi hlalile; static perf. hlezi),v.
v. remain, stop; reside, dwell, live;
-it: settle, perch, as a bird on a tree;
ttle, as a disease in any particular
[•art of the body (locative); become set-
tled upon or fixed in a person (acc),
a- might any disease when becoming
rhronir; rest idle, without service or
sanation, as an idle man, or a domestic
article of no presenl use; bring an ac-
-n-ation against another (acc.)," inform

236 HLA

against him privateby or behind his
back (= ceba, zekeca) [Skr. kshi, dwell;
Heb. shabath, to rest; Ar. "ajad, stay;
Ang. Go. and most other East Afric.
Bantu langs. kala; Ngu. etc. ikala; Her.
kara; Ru. hawa; Gu. jikawa; Ga. tula].

Ex. uhlala kona, he lives or stays there i. e.
is putting up there at the present — of a
kraal-owner it would be said w'ake kona, he
lives or has built there.

uhlexi, he is still there; usahlexi, he is
still living.

sihlex-i kabi knle^ndaivo, we live uncomfort-
ably, unhappily in this place.

knsahlexiwe kiti, it is still lived at our
place i.e. all is so far well.

kasihlalwa 'muntu lesi'sihlalo, kayihlalwa
'mi/nt/t leyo'ndhlu, this chair is not sat upon
or used by anybody, that hut is not lived
in or occupied by anyone.

bangexe bahlala kona, they will never re-
main there.

ukuhlala kwomuntu kulo'mhlaba kakunga-
kanani, a person's staying or life on this
earth is not long.

imhlezi intolo emadolweni, a chronic weak-
ness has settled in his knees.

umfana uye wahlalwa y'intombaxana Jcu-
'yise, the boy was informed against by the
girl to her father.

iiitombaz-ana iye yahlala ngomfana ku'yise,
the girl went and informed against the boy
to his father.

Phr. kiuuhlexi embonjeni, it (the affliction)
sits upon his nose — said of a person who
is worried with some ever-present affliction
of which he can never free himself, as a
father or mother who has been thoroughly
disgraced by the immoralities of a daughter
whom he is naturally unable to expel from
the kraal, and so must always bear the sight
of her and the shame of her doings.

uhleziive ilahle emhlana, he is sat upon by
a live-ember on his back, i. e. has to bear
some persistently worrying affliction, as a
guilty prisoner awaiting his trial.

sihlezi emanxini, we sit in the water, i.e.
in a state of discomforting anxiety, as with
a sick person in a critical state, some rum-
oured disaster, etc. Cp. i-nOebe (Appendix).

umahlala udhla ukuhlala kwake, the sitting-
person (lazy, etc.) will enjoy his sitting (and
that is all; he will gain nothing else thereby)
— as might be said of an indolent person
who does no profitable work and so remains
ever in need.

i(li)-Hlala (Hlaala), n. Fruit of the um-
Hlala tree, the pulp of which is eaten ;
large sized calabash for holding grease
(comp. um-Ftima; um-Gqtvaku); hand-
some, sleek-bodied young person, boy or
girl.

HLA

237

HLA

um-Hlala (Hlaala), n. 5. Small coast tree
(Strychnos spinosa), akin to the nux-
vomica tree. Cp. um-Guluguza.

um-Hlalajuba, n. 5. Certain white-wooded
forest-tree = um-Mbila.

isi-Hlalakaya (Hlalakhaya), n. Stay-at-
home, seldom visiting, never going up
to the chief's place, etc., from indolence,
sickness, or other cause. Cp. isi-Hlala-
ndawonye.

isi-Hlalamahlangeni, n. Certain bird fre-
quenting reedy places = is-Angcesheza.

um-Hlalamakwaba (Hlalamakhwaba), n. 5.

= um- Hlalimakwaba (N).
isi-Hlalandawonye, n. Indolent, inactive

person, always 'sitting down in the same

place' instead of going about working,

etc. Cp. isi-Hlalakaya.

P. isihlalandawonye sadhla amajwabu, the

sitter-iu-the-one-place ate the skin-scrapings
i. c. had nothing better by reason of his
indolence.

i(li)-Hlalane, n. Certain tree, having an

extremely hard wood.
u or i(li)-Hlalankosi (s.k.),n. Kraal or hut

where the chief is residing, royal kraal

or hut (C.N.).

i(l i)- H I a I a n y a t i (Hlalanyathi), n. Tick-
bird or Ox-pecker, of which there are
two kinds, the Common Ox-pecker
(Buphaga erythrorhyncha) and the
African Ox-pecker (B. Africana) — the
former very frequently seen pecking the
ticks from cattle.

um-Hlalanyati (Hlalanyathi), n. 5. Certain
tree in the bush-veldt.

um-Hlalapantsi (Hlalaphantsi), n. 5. A
lazy lounging about, with nothing to do
(comp. dixizeka); kind of string trap.

Ex. badhla ngomhlalapantsi, they enjoy a
life of sweet indolence, merely lounging about.

um-Hlalaqa (Hlalaqha), n. 5. Utterly de-
stitute person, without cattle, wife, or
children = um-Pangqolo, i-Mpabanga,
um-Heme.

ubu-Hlalaqa (Hlalaqha), n. State of utter
destitution.

Ex. isitsha sami sesihlexi ubuhlalaqa, my
snuff-box is quite empty.

iz/ce selihlexi ubuhlalaqa, the land is now
quite destitute (of cattle, crops from locusts,
etc.)

Hlalela, v. Wait for, await, as a person
waiting for another (ace.) to arrive (=
Hilda) ; wait a few minutes for the cow
(ace.) while the calf sucks, in order to
milk her a second time; also (C.N.) =
konga.

Ex. uku-xi-hlalela, to live for oneself, mind-
ing one's own business.

um-Hlaleli, n. 1. (C.N.) = um-Kongi.

i(li)-Hlali, n. Herb whose roots are mixed
with the flesh of a kingfisher (isi-Vuba)
and used as a love-charm (C.N.).

isi-Hlali, rc. Medium-sized calabash (of
any use). Comp. um-Bebe.

u(lu)-Hlali, n. = u(lu)-Hlalu.

um- Hlalimakwaba or kwababa (Hlalima-
khwaba), n. 5. Certain coast-tree (//?•/-
delia micrantha), bearing dark-coloured
non-edible berries (N).

Hlalisa,t\ Help or make to stay or re-
main, make to sit, seat a person (ace.);
delay, keep, a person (ace.) ; cause
to live pleasantly or unpleasantly
(kahle or kabi), as by good or bad
treatment; place a thing (ace.) so as to
stand, stand it ; cause a betrothed
girl (ace.) to remain a few days in the
young-man's kraal when she surrepti-
tiously visits there during the period of
courting (see vimbezela).

Ex. lihlalise kahle, make it (the milk-
calabash) stand properly.

uhlalisa ohoomlungii, he lives like a white-

man.

isi-Hlalo, n. Seat, of any kind; long length
of inDuli matting which when rolled
up formed a seat for the Zulu king when
sitting among his councillors ; hence,
chair, bench, saddle, etc.

Ex. kubemgwa isihlalo sobukosi, they are
contending for the royal roll-of-matting,
chair of state, or throne.

u(lu)-Hlalu (no plur.), ii. Small stones in
a loose separated state ( and of any size
up to about an inch), lying upon the
surface, or forming the sub-soil in some
districts; any similar small hard sub-
stances lying about the ground, such as
might feel uncomfortable to the bare feet
in walking = u(lu)-Hlali [akin to ubu-
Hlalu].

ubu-Hlalu, n. Bead, or beads [Bo. salu ;
Kag. nsala; Ngu. Ze. usaro; Sw. nsha-
nga; Go. sang a; Her. o-hanga, metal-
bead].

Phr. ubnhlalu bempukeme, fly's beads —
the eggs of some insect found adhering,
like a string of white beads, to a stick or
blade of grass.

ubuhlalu bamasele, frog's spawn.

Hlaluka (s.k.),v. Appear, come in sight
(= qamuka) ; turn up, come to light, as
a thing that had been lost; come up, as
a young plant just peeping through the
soil. Comp. ukuti qalxi, ukuti qamv,

HLA

238

HLA

ukuti paqa, ukuii qangqalazi, bonaka-
la.

ama-Hlaluhlalu, //. = ama-Xtlahtntlalu;
also ama-Hluluhlulu.

u(lu)-Hlalwane, //. Blue-flowering shrub,
growing in the coast bush-country and
which only flowers after long periods;
m'.X.i a kind of grass.

Tlir. kukahlde uhlakoane, kiroba indhlcUa,
the uhlaheane has flowered, there is going
to be ;i famine.

isi-Hlama, n. Ordure adhering to a child's
body after a stool.

Hlambha (Hlaambha), v. Wash the hands
(ace geza, hlanza); wash, metaphori-
cally, iii various senses, as below, con-
nected with the burial of a person (=*
hlanza); swim (comp.i(li)-Damu,i-?iTiki)
[akin t<> hlanza, hlambulula — MZT.
samba; Kal. shamba; Chw. thlapa],

Phr. intlh iyo iyahlamba, my stomach is
turning i.e. is causing an unusual flow of
saliva id the mouth (previous to vomiting).
X.B. as soou as possible after the burial
of a person, perhaps on the day following, it
is customary 'to wash the hands' (uku-hla-
mbu izandhla) of those who have been
engaged at the burial by slaughtering for
them a beast of some kind. They do this,
furthermore, 'to wash the dead man' (uku-
m-hlamba i in a very pleasant manner out of
their memory (at least as far as the present
very unpalatable circumstance is concerned),
and to remove from themselves any mental
depression or 'darkness' {uku-susa umnya-
ma womuntu ofileyo) produced by a death
in the kraal, and any defilement or restrictions
which tradition has associated with the bur-
ial of a person. After this performance, at
which, moreover, various a>ng-tkubalo or
wood-medicines are nibbled for 'strengthen-
ing' purposes, the family party may with
easy minds disperse for their several homes
<»r return to their daily avocations.

And yet not fully so; for there is still a
•full month' l umditmbu wenyanga) of mourn-
ing to be religiously observed, during which
iht; little children must refrain from singing
Bongs, and the young men and girls deny
themselves the pleasure of putting on finery
<>r of attending wedding-dances or hunts,
although, of course, the male portion of
•hem will scarcely be expected to deny it-
self the happiness of participation in any
local beer-drink that may occur during the
period.

At tin- conclusion of the month of mourn-

bould the deceased have been a man,

• •r. in some localities, a chief wife, the i(li)-

Hlambo hac to be performed. This is another

ashing' of the spears luku-hlamba imi-

konto), which, from disuse during the period
of mourning, must be naturally supposed to
have grown somewhat rusty and must now
be cleaned by the slaughtering of an ox or
other beast. And to make the washing still
more complete, abundance of beer is prepared
and a hunt organised among the neighbours,
so that the supply of meat may be yet more
increased.

The spears and everything else having
been now duly washed, the family may go
out of mourning. The widows, however,
have a little feast or 'washing' all to them-
selves about a month after the i(li)-Blambo,
and called the uku-hlamba abafelwakaxi; and
after the lapse of still auother month or
thereabout, there is the uku-buyisa idhloxi
(the bringing home of the spirit of the de-
ceased ) — it having been hitherto endhle or
entabeni (outside in the open, on the veldt)
[ — when the present head of the kraal must
• slaughter another beast, none of the flesh of
which may be removed from the kraal, lest
perchance the spirit depart with it!

isi-Hlamba (Hlaambha), n. Bad name or
reputation, consequent upon being charg-
ed with something depreciative or dis-
honouring to one's character = isi-Tuko.
Cp. i-nTlamba [Her. yamburura, to
abuse].

Ex. unesihlamba pakati kwabantu, he has
a dishonoured or disgraced name among the
Natives.

wangitela isihlamba ku'bantu, he threw
upon me a disgracing charge before the
people *. e. gave me a bad name, or brought
me in ill repute among them.

um-Hlamba (Hlambha), n. 5. Single string
of threaded tobacco-leaves, or small
bundles of leaves, hung up to dry.

Hlambalaza (Hlambhalaza),v. Abuse with
disgracing epithets, such as will injure
the reputation (N); also = hlambalazela.

Hlambalazela (Hlambhalazela), v. Go with
bare ( i. e. unwrapped ) bodies (although
covered about the loins), as men and
boys generally do, or girls at a dance
= qunguza. Comp. nquna, bushuzela;
qungquluza, dindiliza.

um-Hlambamanzi (Hlaatnbhamanzi), n. 5.
Tree (Ramvolfia Natalensis or Taber-
naimontana ventricosa) in coast bush-
country, whose soft wood is used for
making food-utensils and its bark as
medicine for the eruptive fevers.

um-Hlambamasi (Hlaambhamasi), n. 5. =
um-Hlambama7izi.

isi-Hlambezo (Hlaambhezo), n. Infusion
of certain plants, as u(lu)-Hlakahla, etc.,
kept covered up in a pot by a pregnant

HLA

woman and from which she drinks a
spoonful now and then during the latter
months of her pregnancy, which the
medicine is supposed to render success-
ful, with rapid delivery, etc. This me-
dicine must not be looked upon by any
person, otherwise the child will take the
likeness of that person - the reflection
in the water being presumably swallow-
ed by the woman in the drinking and
transferred to the child!

i(li)-Hlambi (Hlambhi), n. Flock of birds,
such as come at once into a corn-field ;
sometimes applied to a small collection
or herd of cattle. Cp. um-Hlambi.

isi-Hlambi (Hlambhi), n. Short sleep or
nap ( say of an hour or two — with uku-
tata or tola), such as one might take
after arrival from a fatiguing journey,
or one of the separate 'sleeps' that make
up the broken rest of a night (com p.
isi-Hlivati) ; heavy shower
ukwenza or uku-na), as

cloud passing overhead

of rain
from a
(comj).

Herd, flock,

Piko); also um-Hlamba

um-Hlambi (Hlambhi), n. 5.
or troop, as of cattle (properly not less
than twenty about), sheep, horses, etc.
( comp. um-Nqivantsi, i(li)-Qabi); flock
of birds, as when migrating.

Phr. rxos/ie, yaxe ya'mhlambi wa'nkomo,
it (the impi) drove them along, till they be-
came all mixed up together in one coufused
mass with them.

itng'u m h lam bi ka' Zulus He
of Mr. Mind-himself — may
who is dependant on nobody

239 HLA

some people don't send out an ihla /ubn-hunt
for a woman.

isi-Hlambo (Illaambho), n. Low flat piece
of meadow-land with a damp soil, from
its position as a drain to hills or kloofs.
Comp. i-mFunda.

Hlambuluka (Hlambhuluka), v. Get made
thin, be thin ( not thick or thickened ) by
the addition of extra liquid (water, milk,
etc.), as porridge, isi-jingi, or similar
food (comp. jiyisa, hlaziya); get made
'thin' i. e. get made lose their denseness,
as the evidence or words of a person
by further elucidation ; get freed, loosed,
released from some physical or mental
defectiveness that has temporarily got
hold of a person, so that he 'becomes
himself or 'becomes a man' again, as
when a man brightens up bodily and
mentally upon recovering from a ser-
ious illness, or when regaining his se-
renity of mind after a temporary insan-
ity, or when getting freed from the
depression of spirits that accompanies
affliction, or a child when it attains the
use of reason and so becomes an umu-
ntu or intelligent being, or a young
person growing out of his disposition
to shyness, or a young man becoming-
released (by charms, etc.) from his hi-
therto unpopularity among the girls; be
come or get made
friendship towards

(with

rain

i(li)

he is the herd
be said of one
his own master;

or by way of reproach, of a wayward, self-
willed child.

u-Hlambihloshane (Hlambhihloshane), n.
Veldt-daisy with a large white or yellow
flower, and whose leaves are used as
an i(li)-Kambi for stomach-ache and are
also placed upside down on the path
during rain so as to make it clear up;
another veldt-plant with large white
everlasting-flower. See u-Hlanguhlo-
shane.

Hlambisa (Hlaambhisa), v. Make to wash
the hands, or swim.

X.B. A woman whose child has died, as-
sembles together all the other children of
the kraal, and makes them wash their hands
with ashes {uxihlambise ngomlota).

i(li)-Hlambo (Hlaambho), n. Custom of
'washing the spears' (uku-hlamba i/ni-
konto) at the conclusion of the month's
mourning following the death of a per-
son. See uku-hlamba.

Ex. abanye kabulipumi ihlavibo lorn fax i,

'thin' as to one's
another, becoming

no longer a 'thick' or 'fast' friend;
come out freed and 'refined' from the
dross and imperfections of the initiatory
stages, as an um-ngoma who has com- ^
pleted the process of initiation ; make
the body thin and ungraspable, i. e.
wriggle about, as a frightened infant
might in the hands of a stranger, or as
a boy might when playfully struggling
against a comrade who has caught him
and seeks to get at any certain part of
the body (in all cases commonly used
in perf.) [Her. rambuka, make thin].
Hlambulula (H/ambhulula), v. Make thin,
to thin {i.e. render unthickened, loose),
as porridge (ace), etc., as above; make
'thin' i.e. to lose their denseness, as a
person's unintelligible words (ace), as
above; make a person (ace.) free, loose,
unbound, in regard to any physical or
mental defectiveness under which he
has been temporarily labouring, as
above; make a person (ace.) 'thin' or
loose in his friendship, so as to be no
longer a 'fast' or 'thick' friend; make
come out free and refined of dross and
imperfection, as an um-ngoma (ace.)
from the process of initiation [Her.
rambuza, make thin].

/

HLA

240

HLA

Ex. ang'axd >o>m ehlanjiduhoa yini, I

don't know what has caused his friendship
to slacken.
Hlamuka (s.k.),v. Bolt, run away, break
away from, as a horse from a traveller
(ace. or leu) when off-saddled on the
veldt, or a prisoner when he has sud-
denly eluded the supervision of the
guards (ace or ku). Comp. hlubuka
[Her. saruka, run off].

i(li)-Hlamvu, n. Small branch i. e. a single
stick from a tree with its connected
branchlets and covered with leaves, and
of any size up to such as can be conven-
iently wielded by both hands when fire-
beating (comp. i(li)-Gatsha; i(li)-Hla
/tin); medicine used to make a woman
who has hitherto had only female
children, now bear male.

u(lu)-Hlamvu (Hlaamvu), n. Single grain,
berry, pip, stone of fruit, (lessfreq.) fruit
itself, coin, or small body of similar kind ;
single separate particle of such as go
to make up the mass; hence, a single
word, saying, sentence, syllable; detail,
point, of an affair = i-nTlamvu.

Ex. ngadhla inyama yalo, uhlamvu Iwalu-
nye, ngantshinga uhlamvu olwalupakati kulo,
I ate the pulp of one fruit (as of plums)
and threw awav the stone that was inside
of it.

wanginika uhlamvu luka'mpondo, he gave
me a pound-piece or sovereign.

ixirUlamtm eximbili xawoshelene, two shil-
lings i.e. shilling-pieces.

u-Hlamvuhloshane, n. (C.N.) = u-Hlambi-
hloshane] also ti-Hlanguhlosha?ia.

um-Hlana or Hlane, n. 5. Back of man or
beast. Cp. um-Hlandhla [Bis. MZT.
msana ; Lorn, mthana; Moz. ntana;
Chw. mo-thlana].

I'hr. umhlane wake, her back — said hy
any of the chief or independant wives in a
large kraal of a younger wife who has been
placed under her in her part of the estab-
lishment, by the kraal-head.

Hlandhla, v. State clearly, decisively, so
that there be no further mutual mis-
understanding, as when a man finally
appoints a particular flay (ace.) for a
journey, or when an intelligent witness
ttes a ease (aec.) so clearly as to
require no further elucidation, or a
leader of a party when he proclaims
clearly what ;is to be said (i-Zwi) or
gives an order (i-Zwi). Comp. qanqa.

isi-Hlandhla, n. .Mat roughly made of i-
nTunga, or u-Mabobe, grass and used
chiefly for covering over the outside of
hut-, also for wrapping bundles of hemp

or tobacco in ; great broad-backed person
(= isi-Bebe). Comp. i(li)-Nxadi; i(li)-
Cantsi.
um-Hlandhla, n. 5. Spine or back-bone;
spine or elevated ridge carved along the
back of a bone face-scraper ; similar ele-
vation or ridge across the finger-nails
of some people = um-Gogodhla, urn-
Funkulu, (N) um-Hlonzo.

Phr. uku-tata ngomhlandhla, to put forth
all one's strength, as when lifting a heavy
weight; to do with all one's might, as when
racing along as fast as one can, or putting
all one's energy into a dance, hoeing, etc.

um-Hlandhloti (Hlandhlothi), n. 5. Flat-
crown (C.N.) = u(lu)-Solo.

i(li)-Hlane (loc. ehlane),n. An uninhabited
country, wilderness; a solitary place,
quiet corner where there is no fear of
being seen (cp. i(li)-Hlola; isi-Sulu)
[Sw. jangwa, mahame, desert].

Ex. asifune ihlane, let us look for a place
where we shall be alone, a secluded spot.

ktis'ehlane, it is in the wilderness there
( there are no people to be seen ) — may be
said of a locality, or a kraal having only
two or three inhabitants.

Hlanekezela (s. k.), v. Invert, generally;
hence, turn inside out, as a coat (ace);
turn under side up, as a mat; turn up-
side down, as a pot ; misstate, distort, a
person's words or the details of an affair
=pendukezela, hlanezela [Her. tanaura,
turn upside down].

Hlanezela, v. = hlanekezela.

i(li)-Hlanga, n. Harvested-field in which
the corn-stalks or stubble is still standing ;
wasteful giver, extravagantly generous,
giving away all that he has, so that he
and his have to suffer (comp. i(li)-Hla-
pahlapa, i(li)-Citiciti, citiza); (C.N.) =
i(li)-Hatanga.

Ex. ebusika ixinkomo xidhla amahlanga
(ox emuhlangeni), in the winter the cattle
eat off the stubble (or in the stubble-fields).
Phr. uMadima uVihlanga lezitulhlubu, Ma-
duna is a harvested dhlubu-t\e\d ( which yields
up all its abundance of food and keeps back
not a stalk for itself — the surface leaves ot
the plant having first to be pulled out be-
fore coming to the nut underground) =
he is prodigally or wastefully liberal, giving
away all he has and then remaining with
nothing himself.

um-Hlanga (collect.), n. 5. Reed, or reeds
of any kind ; reed-bed, reedy-place, as
in a river. Comp. isi-Qandolo; i(li)-
Shani; irnGqulwane [Gr. kanna, reed;
Ga. banda],

u(lu)-Hlanga (Hlaanga), n. = i-nTlanga.

HLA

241

HLA

>

u(lu)-Hlanga, n. Dry stalk (i.e. with green-
ness off and internal moisture dried up)
of the mealie, mabele, or similar plant
(cp. i(li)-Zele) ; reed snuff-box, of various
kinds; column of the throat (Vrhlanga
Iwompimbo ), which is caught hold of
when throttling a person (cp. i(li)-Nka-
nka; i(li)-Laka); original stem or stock
from which mankind generally is sup-
posed to have taken its rise, from
which it, like an ear of corn, has been
produced or grown forth ; stem or stock
( i. e. particular house or family ) from
which a clan or tribe has taken its rise ;
genealogy or pedigree, of any family or
house ; dynasty ; body of a person when
it has lost its glossy, fresh-looking ap-
pearance through ill health or age ( cp.
i(li)-Zele).

Ex. mkosi yohlanga, an hereditary chief,
of the old original stock.

amakosi as'eGipite akwaba Vuhlanga hmye,
the kings of Egypt were not all of the same
line or dynasty.

uNkulunkulu wadabula abantu ohlangeni,
Nkuhinkulu made men grow forth from the
original stem or stock (that produced them),
i. e. in our speech, He made them.

Phr. Jcube intlanga ximul.a )iamaic;i, it
will be a matter of the stubble going off
with the flood = it will be a case where no-
thing will help, where all effort will be pow-
erless to stay the course of events, the
disease, etc.

P. ahu'hlanga Iwalahlana lod/ra, there is
no corn-stalk that forsook itself = people of
the same stock will always stick together;
blood is thicker than water. See um-Ndeni.

Hlangabeza, v. Go, or come, to meet a
person (ace.) coming.

Ex. ngiyaktikuhlangabexa emLalazi, I shall
meet you at the umLalazi.

Hlangabezana, v. Go to meet one another
(with na), meet one another half-way;
meet or answer one another, as the
different choirs or parts in a Native
song.

um-Hlangala, n. 5. Kafir-mungoose (Her-
pestes Caffer) = u(lu)-Shonga. Cp. um-
Vnzi.

Hlangana, v. Come together, meet together,
assemble, as a number of people or
cattle collecting in one place (in this and
other senses often in perf. hlangene);
come together, join, unite (intrans.), as
the two ends of a belt, or one article
when brought into connection with an-
other (with na) ; come together with i. e.
meet a person (with na), as when walk-
ing down the street; meet with, come
across, as any unexpected object or

occurrence; come or be in close contact,
be thick together, or compressed, as
mealie-plants in a field or sleepers in a
hut (used in perf. = mini/ ana, cinana);
be compact, drawn firmly together, as a
close-grained wood, the close texture of
a cloth, or a firmly built hut (in perf.) ;
be thick or dense, as a fog, or (metaphor.)
a confused combination of noisy sound
(in perf.); be full, be fully made up (as
to quantity), as an ishumi or dozen, or
as the moon when full (in perf.); agree
with, fit in with, correspond, as the
different parts of any structure, or the
evidence of different witnesses (in perf.) ;
join together in friendship, associate with,
as a man with a neighbour, or a boy
with a companion (in perf.); join to-
gether by word, come to an agreement
or mutual understanding, as regarding
a matter of purchase; come together,
either encounter one another, or join in
conflict, as two impis; have sexual con-
nection (of human-beings, and legiti-
mately or not — comp. lala). Comp. ba-
nqana; butana [Skr. gana-s, band,
crowd ; Ar. itlamm, be gathered together;
Lat. tango, I touch; Chw. thlakana,
meet; Sw. changanya, join, combine;
Bo. hanganya, mix; Her. hang a, join;
hang ana, meet together].

Ex. babuya bahla/ngana, they afterwards
made it up (after an estrangement).

sekuhlangene isixokololc samadoda, naba-
faxi, it is now joined in one solid mass, the
confused hubbub of the men, and the women.

amagama abo kawahlangene, their evidence
does not fit in together or correspond.

Hlanganela.v. Commonly hlanganyela, q.v.

Hlanganisa, v. Make come i.e. bring to-
gether, make meet together, assemble
(ti'ans.), as above; join (trans.), unite,
connect, as above; make be in close
contact, put thickly or close together,
compress, confine, as above; close in
upon (ace), surround, as a hunting-party,
or one impi another; add together, one
thing or number (ace.) with another;
make up fully, as a dozen, or the re-
quired lobola cattle; make join or bring
together in friendship, or associate with,
as above; make up, form, an agreement
or plan (ace.) ; contribute a word (ace.)
of advice or proposition as to the general
making up of any scheme; bring to-
gether in battle, cause to engage, as two
impis; bring together the clouds (ama-
Fn), as the sky (i-Zulu) when making
up for rain. Comp. banqa; butanisa.

Ex. u/muxd ka'Ndabambi sovmhlanganisi-

we, the kraal of Ndabambi (deceased i has

16

HLA

m.w been united (with that of his brother)
i. a, has already been entered i ngena ) by this
latter for the purpose of raising up seed for
his deceased brother.

bate besot* ukubuka, basebehlanganisa nyo-
Qtpababa, they had no sooner looked (at the.
dancing-party I, than they all joined ( their
eyes together regarding Gwababa, i.e. they
all turned their gaze of admiration, together
on him.

ingulube yami ikuxe yahlanganisa ishumi,
in v pig lias cried out (like a man when
showing off at the giya dance, and shout-
ing in self-adulation, saying, There you are!)
and made up a full ten, i.e. has given birth
to a litter of ten — the ku\a in this case
i«. really on the part of the speaker, though
attributed to the pig.

um-Hlanganiso,«. 5. First coming together
or beginning of an engagement between
two conflicting parties. Cp. ama-Nqwa.

Ex. wagwaxwa emhla/nganisweni, he was
stabbed right at the start.

um-Hlangano, n. 5. Meeting, assembly, of
people. Cp. i-nTlangano.

Hlanganyela, v. Join together against, as
a number of people uniting in an attack
on another person (ace); join together
for (doing something) with (somebody
else ) i. e. take part with him in doing
something.

Ex. bamhlanganyela, they attacked him in

a body.

mi;/ /fui/i ukuba baJilwnganyele ukudkla (or
ukudhlala ) nabami, I don't want that they
i certain other boys) participate or join to-
w> t her in the food (or sports) along with
mine ( or my boys).

isi-Hlangatsha (s.t.),n. Person of hardy,
healthy constitution, who never gets sick.

u(lu)-Hlangoti (Illangothi), n. Side of the
body, from shoulder dowrn the legs;
hence, side or flank generally (though
the use is mostly confined to long double-
Bided things), as of a kraal, limb, tree,
or board ( I'omp. i(li)-Cala, is-Andhla);
one 'side' of a regiment i.e. those who
occupied the one or other half of the
military-kraal, and who consequently
included several sections or izi-Gaba.
[Sw. ///>>/ nde, flank; Her. kongotue, the
opposite side].

I'hr. ii/r uhUmgoti, lie is dear] i as to i one
side i.e. \- paralysed on one side of the
body.

Hlangu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Give a single
wipe or brush at anything (ace.) with
the band, etc., as at a particle of dust on
one'.-, cat ( hlangula ); get so wiped or
brushed off i lilnnguleka, hlanguka).

242 HLA

isi-Hlangu, n. "War-shield (cp. i(li)-Hawu;
i(li)-Hubelo) ; white of the eyeball, as
below [Sw. kigao, shield ; Her. oru-vao].

Phr. uku-beka ngexihlangu xamehlo, to

look with the whites of the eyes i. e. with
the eyeballs turned up (as one approaching
death ).

umlomo ii'sihlanyu sohuxivikela, the mouth
is a shield for protecting oneself (used by
women ).

Hlangu hlangu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Fly off
helter-skelter, scamper off in all direc-
tions = ukuti ci; hlanguka.

u-Hlanguhloshana, n. Veldt-plant with nu-
merous small silver-gray leaves on a
long stalk and burnt on the fire to scare
away lightning (= u-Hlunguhloshana) ;
(C.N.) = u-Hlambihloshane.

Hlanguka (s. k.), v. Get made to scamper off,
or fly off helter-skelter in all directions,
as a lot of pigs surprised in a field, or
of frightened children (= ukuti hlangu
hlangu); get wiped off by a sweeping
brush, as dust from the coat by a brush
of the hand or of a clothes-brush (= hla-
nguleka; ukutiiva hlangu).

Hlangukisa (s.k.) v. Make or cause to
scamper off or run off helter-skelter in
all directions, as pigs (ace.) in a field, or
frightened children.

Hlangula, v. Wipe off or brush off by a
sharp sweeping motion of the hand,
brush, etc. (not rub out or wipe off with
force = kuhla, hlikihla), as dust (ace.)
from one's coat-sleeve or rubbish from
a bundle of thatching-grass ; also = hi a-
ngulisa [Sw. pangusa, sugua, wipe ; Ga.
sungula, wipe; Her. pondora, brush].

Hlanguleka (s.k.), v. Get wiped, brushed,
or knocked off by a sharp sweeping
motion, as dust from one's coat-sleeve
= hlanguka.

Hlangulisa.v. Help a person (ace.) to shake
off some danger that is momentarily
upon him, i. e. to save or rescue him
from it, as when he may be grappling
with a wild-beast or with the water when
drowning, or with an overwhelming debt,
or a fowl when attacked by a hawk;
help him to rid himself of some trouble-
some thing or nuisance i. e. to rid him
(ace.) of it (ku or loc.) = hlangula;
com p. opula, kulula; putuma.

Hlanguza, v. Brush off from one, knock
it off, get rid of it i. e. to protest no
connection with, utter ignorance of any
particular affair (ace.) or person; have
nothing to do with, make oneself quite
clear of it or him. Comp. hlanza.

Ex. uku-xi-hUmguxa, plead one's own uou-

HLA

243

HLA

connection with any charge, have nothing
to do with it, defend oneself against it.

ngirmlila)i()n\rla Indeyo' ndnlxi, I defended
him against that affair, got rid of it for him.

naijihUinijuxa leyo'naaba, he shook him-
self clear of that affair, would have nothing
to do with it.

um-Hlangwe, n. 5. Large, dust-coloured
snake, with prominent spine and not
poisonous, but regarded as an isi-Hla-
bamhlola should it enter a kraal or
hut; small triangular or quadrangular
shaped rope of beadwork worn as a
necklace, etc.

isi-Hlanti (s.t.),n. Torch, made of a bundle
of grass, sticks, etc., used by an inya-
nga or doctor for waving about round
a kraal in the night-time to scare away
evil, as abatakati, lightning, etc; similar
torch used by common people for the
purpose of giving light outside in the
dark though in Zululand this latter
is more usually termed isi-Hlonti to
distinguish it from that of the inyanga.
N.B. These torches are sometimes used
for scaring off wild-beasts, as lions or hycenas.

um-Hlanti (s.t.),n.5. = i-nTlanti.

Hlantlalaza, v. = ukuti hlantlalazi.

Hlantlalazi, ukuti (u,kuthi),v. Do off at
once, outright, as when killing a beast.

Hlantlata (Hlantlatha), v. (C.N.) = ntla-
ntlata.

um-Hlantlaze, n. 5. Small veldt-herb, with
large pink flower.

Hlantlazeleka (s.k.),v. Get prospered,
prosper (N.).

Hlantlula, v. Skim or slide swiftly along,
as a person or bicycle running with
great speed and without any apparent
motion; slide or skim along, as an as-
segai striking a bone or a stone a flat
rock = shantshula.

Ex. washaya wahlcmtlula, he was off like
an arrow.

Hlanu, adj. Five [Skr. panchan; Hi.
panch; Ar. khamas; Com. MZT. sano;
Ka. shano; Sw. Her. tano; Ang. tanu].

Ex. amadoda ama-htamt, five men =
amadoda a y'isihlann.

isi or ubu-Hlanu,rc. Five (as a concrete
number); used in this form to express
the ordinal number.

Ex. umfana ivesihlanu, the boy of the
fifth place, or the fifth boy.

Hlanya, v. Go mad, become a wild raving
lunatic; become or grow wild, violently
intractable, as a horse; act in a wild,
mad manner.

u(lu)- Hlanya, n. A raving lunatic, one

wildly violently insane, a madman (cp.
i-mPupamlni); used of aba-ngoma as
being 'in mind different from other
ordinary people'; state or disease of
being out of one's mind, insanity, mad-
ness ; wild, ungovernable person or ani-
mal, of unbridled habits; state of being
so.

Ex. U8'exatvunyena uhlanya, he is about
to be entered by insanity, is on the way to
going wrong in his head.

uhlanya, lolu! this wild thing!

tmohlanya, he is of a wild, ungovernable
nature.

ubu- Hlanya, n. Insanity, madness = u(hi)-
Hlanya.

Hlanyisa, v. Send out of one's mind, make
one (ace.) deranged or insane.

Hlanza, v. Wash, cleanse with water, as
the hands (ace), clothes, etc. (— yeza) ;
wash a deceased person (ace), or those
who have been engaged burying him
(= Hlamba q. v.), by killing a beast for
him or them; make clean or clear a
person (ace.) of ill-feeling, etc., by offer-
ing him a gift (with nga) as a salve
after the ill-treatment or abuse that has
caused it; make clean one's words
(ace.) i. e. clear away the unpleasant mis-
understanding that has accompanied
them by further soothing explanations;
wash the senses (ace. — heart, eyes, etc.)
either of oneself or of another by gratify-
ing them in some way, hence, cheer,
gladden them ; clear a person ( ace.) of
some fault by speaking excusingly in
his favour or defending him against
some accusation (comp. hlanguzela)[ Ga.
naza, wash — akin to hlamba q. v.].

Phr. angibabele 'luto, ngixe kuhlanx'ameklo
nje, I have not came on any business, I
have come merely to gladden my eyes (by
a sight of you).

ixulu liyahlanza inyanga, the sky is
washing the moon — said of a rain which
now and then occurs about the time of a
new moon.

Hlanza (Hlaanza), v. Vomit, as food (ace.)
or medicine, or an emetic such as the
Natives take from time to time to cleanse
the stomach (see gaba, palaza); begin
to show tiny fruit below the blossom,
mostly of pumpkins and like plants (=
qonqa, qopa), also of fruit-bearing trees
(for full-grown fruit, see tela); give
birth to kittens, only used of~a cat (cp.
nyelezela).

Phr. uku-hlanza nrfenda, bring up mucus
or expectoration in long tenacious strings,
as when vomiting or clearing the chest
after violent exercise.

16*

HLA

icapika, wahlanza okudala, he denied
strongly that i he vomited (food) that had
been eaten loug ago.

N.B. It is not said of a cat that it is
m it i or icUile (but hlamxile), lest it depart
from the kraal and never return!
i(li)-Hlanze ( Hhianzc), n. Bush-country,
everywhere thickly covered with trees
and bushes, generally of a thorny nature;
man with a hairy body, that is, much
hair over-growing the chest, back, etc.
, i(li)-IIlati).

ama-Hlanze (no sing.),n. A stabbing at
close quarters, without letting go the
assegai (only used adverbially, as below,
and properly only when 'killing or
slaying' a thing, as a man in battle, or
a buck in a hunt, not when slaughtering
at home for purposes of food).

Ex wayigwa&a (inyamaxane) amahlanze,
he stabbed it (i.e. did not hurl his assegai
at it i.

inamo! amahlanxe! hurrah! I have stab-

bed it! - shouted out by a man at a hunt

in give notice to others round about that he

ictually engaged with a buck, or, should

it n tl', that he has already stabbed it

and bo claims it as his — the same cry is
used when a man stabs another in battle.

Hlanzisa (Hlaanzisa), v. Cause to vomit.

Ex. utmtti wokuhlanxisa, au emetic.

ubu-Hlanzo (Hlaanzo), n. What has been

eted from the stomach when vomiting.

p. ,'njff yabuyela ebuhlan&weni bayu, the

d<>!_' returned to its vomit -- said of a going

back to a formerly rejected lover.

Hlapa hlapa, ukuti (Hlapha hlapha, uku-

thi), v. = hlapaza.
\(\\)-H\apah\apa(Hlaphahlaj)ha), n. Lavish
river, a profusely generous person giv-
ing away largely and freely of what-
ever he iias; sometimes even wastefully
(- i(li)-Citiciti) = i(li)-Sapasapa.

Hlapaza or Hhlapahlapaza (Hlaphaza),v.
Give away anything (ace.) lavishly, with
profuse generosity, sometimes extrava-
gantly, aa corn (ace.), cattle, etc.; hence,
throw about in a careless untidy way,
though of no consequence, as a child
its food (arc.) or clothes; squander, as
money; throw out all kinds of talk reck-
lessly, as when angry; throw off mucus
per vaginam, as the cow after covering
i >. pungula) - sapaza; cp. citiza

. tapa/nya, scatter].
Ex. ukusinda kwake usimxe ahlapaxe wje,
■a- to her floor-smearing, she just throws the
about not rubbing it off nicely.

ama-Hlapahlapa (Hlaphahlapha), n.

244 HLA

Things thrown carelessly, neglectfully

about, as in a hut.
um-Hlapo (Hlapho), n. 5. Placenta, of
animals ( of human-beings = um-Zany et-
na). Comp. is-Ampanza.
Hlasela, v. Go out to war; invade, any
particular locality ( ku or loc.) ; go, or
come, against with the purpose of fight-
ing, attack, as any particular person
(ace.) or tribe fprob. akin to hlasi].
u(lu)-Hlasha (collect.), n. Scraps or bits
of light, dry, husky refuse left collected
together after the useful parts have been
removed, as of mealie-leaves in a field
after the cobs have been picked out, or
of dry dung after insects or fowls have
eaten out the softer parts = u(lu)-Hla-
kasha.
Hlasi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take up something
light with a quick sudden movement,
grab up, snatch up (not snatch away =
ukuti hlwiti), as a mother hastily
grabbing up her child (ace.) out of the
way of a snake, or a person suddenly
snatching something up and making off
with it = hlasiza, hlasila, ukuti maku,
ukuti lasi, ukuti tasi. Cp. hlwita.
Hlasila, v. = ukuti hlasi.
Hlasimula, v. = qakanyeka, hlakanyeka.
Hlasimuli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = qakanyeka.
Hlasiza, v. = ukuti hlasi.
i(li)-Hlati (Hlathi), n. Forest (comp. i(li)-
Hlanze); man with much hair on the
body about the chest, back, etc. (= i(li)-
Hlanze); used metaphor, for a place of
refuge, a protector, etc. [in final particle
prob. identical with umu-ti q. v. - - Chw.
si-thlari, tree].

Ex. uVihlati lami, thou art my forest ( to
which I fly for refuge).
isi-Hlati (Hlathi), n. Cheek = isi-Tamo

[Sw. chafu; Reg. itana].
um-Hlati (Hlathi), n. 5. Jaw or jaw-bone,

upper or lower [Sw. taya].
ubu-Hlati (Hlathi), n. Under-jaw (C. N.).
\xh\x-W\a\\xl(Hlathu),n. A 'sailor's knot',
a peculiar way of uniting two reims (N.).
isi-Hlava, n. Mealie-grub; place within the

stalk eaten out by same = i-nTlava.
u(lu)-Hlavane (no plur.),rc. Numerous tiny
pimples formed by a pitting of the Na-
tive skin through contraction of the
pores from great cold and giving the
appearance of an eruption (cp. isi-Duli) ;
short thread-worm orlworms (Oxyuris
vermicularis) of children (cp. isi-Lo).

Ex. nBani us'enohlavane, So-and-so has
the skin already wrinkled with cold.

HLA

i(li)-Hlawe, n. Horn of a beast when bent
downwards over the jaws and hanging-
loose (not firm like the um-Dhlovu);
parietal protuberance on each side of the
head at the back (=i(li)-Pum; ep. 1(H)-
Nquza); (C.N.) small plant having edi-
ble seed-pods.

Ex. inkabi e'mahlawe, an ox with loose
downward-hanging horns.

Hlawula, v. Pay a fine or penalty, make
reparation or return to a person (ace.
or ku) or for a thing (ace.) injured.
See i-nTlawulo.

Ex. sengamhlaunda imbuxi yoke ngenye,
I have now made reparation to him for his
goat by another.

Hlawulisa, v. Fine a person (ace), make
him give reparation by means of some-
thing (with ngci).

Ex. inkosi yamhlawulisa ngompondo, the
chief fined him a pound.

i(li)-Hlaya (Hlaaya — sometimes used in
plur.J, n. Thing said or done for sport
or fun, joking talk or action (with u-
kw-enza). Comp. i(li)-Gidigidi [Sw.
mzaha, joke; Ga. mzanyu, joke].

Ex. unamahlaya, he is given to fun, joking,
playing tricks.

angise'mahlaya, I am no longer playing,
I am no longer in a joking mood, T am now
serious.

uloku umkwela ngamahlaya, you are always
at him with your joking tricks, making game
of him.

Phr. ake n'enxe amahlay'endhlela (or ama-
ng'endhlela, or alee nishaye inyoka endhleleni),
please play the fun of the path (or untrue
things of the way, only done in sport not
for reality, or please strike a snake on the
path) — common solicitation of a young man
to any girls he may chance to come across
when journeying, or who themselves may
he journeying, and with whom he wants to
have some love-making 'only for fun.'

amahlaya ako oleic intsila kimi, your
joking is covered with dirt to me = it is not
nice, it is offensive to me.

Hlayi hlayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlayiza,
hlaziya.

ama-Hlayihlayi, n. Particles, lumps, grains,
etc., of an unmixable nature, remaining
in a loose, separate state within any
mass, as pea-husks or barley-grains in
a soup, or bits of uncrushed mealie-
grains mixed into amasi along with the
umcaba = izi-nTlayintlayi, izi-nTlayiya.
Comp. i-nDumbuluza, i-nDhlubundhlu-
bu; ama-Dhluludhlulu; i-nKamfunka-
mfu.

245 HLA

Ex. ukudhkt kwaba 'mahlayihlayt, the food

was all unmixable lumps or bits.

Hlayiza, v. = hlaziya.

Hlaza, r. Disgrace, bring shame or re-
proach upon, as a young person might
his parents (ace) or himself (with zi)
by shameful deeds. See l(li)-Hlazo;
comp. dumaza [Sw. hay a, shame].

isi-Hlaza, n. Garden of um-Hlaza q. v.

um-Hlaza, n. 5. Tuberous vegetable, some-
what resembling the sweet-potato and
formerly cultivated in Zululand (=i(U)-
Nyeza) ; name now applied by some to
the sweet-potato (= u- Batata), by others
to the i-mBondwe and u(lu)-Jilo ; sixth
finger or toe, generally growing along-
side the small one [Sw. kiazi, sweet-
potato].

u(lu)-Hlaza, n. New grass (comp. u(bu)-
Tshani); fresh or 'green' tobacco, in
leaf; snuff made of such; large grey-
headed bush-shrike (Laniarius polioce-
phalus), which has really an olive-green
body (= u(lu)-Hlazalwesiwa) ; green-
coloured bead, of any size (comp. i(li)-
Buma); common grey, or duiker-buck
(— i-mPunzi) ; used as an adjective in
in the form luhlaza to express 'green'
and 'blue,' of any shade (both being
apparently regarded by the Natives as
merely different shades of the same
colour) — see luhlaza [Pers. lazur, blue;
Skr. harit,
chloros,

green

green :

green; Ar. azra, blue; Gr.
grass; Lith. zelu, I grow
O.B. zelemu, green; Her. tarazu,
green; rovazu, blue; e-hozu, grass; Kamb.
mazanyu, green; Heh. maazsi, grass].

u(lu)-Hlazafuku (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Hlima-
mfuku.

um-Hlazaluti (Hlazaluthi), n. 5. = v(lu)-Ji-
lo.

Phr. ukuba njengomhlaza Jca'Lutiltmye, to
be quite alone, without wife, child, compan-
ion, or helper.

u(lu)-Hlazalwesiwa (\A. izi-nTlazazesi irn ), "■
Large grey-headed bush-shrike (Lania-
rius poliocephalus), of which the body is
olive-green (= u(lu)-Hlaza ) ; certain kind
of green bead formerly in use (cp. i(li)-
Tunzi).

u-Hlazazana, //. Small plant growing in
damp-soiled meadows and us. 'das amaka.

isi- H lazi (Hlaazi), n. Any medicine used
by an um-Ngoma during the process
and for the purpose of initiation.

Hlaziya, /•. Mix up any food (ace) with a
slight addition or small quantity of
something else (with nga), as when
mixing up with utshwala-dregs a small

V

HLA

246

HLE

quantity of malt in order to add strength
thereto for the making of further light
beer, or when adding a little crushed-
mealies to amasi; hence, season, flavour,
as one food (ace.) with a dash or sprink-
ling of another, as of herbs, sugar, milk,
etc Cp. tokela.

Ex. uwahlaxiyile ngomcaba (amasi), alu-
la, yon have mixed in with the amasi a
(too) small quantity of crushed-mealies, it
is too light.

u inkobe : imnandi \ ihla i iytce ngex indhhi-
Ini. boiled-mealies ar3 nice when flavoured
with a few mixed-in indhlubu beans.

i(li)-Hlazo, n. Disgraceful, shameful deed,
such as would dishonour one's reputa-
tion.

Kx. us'enehlaxo Jcu'bantu, he is now dis-
graced among the people.

Hlazuluka (s.k.),v. Get separated or put
apart ; get disentangled, unravelled, as
below.

Hlazulula, v. Separate, or put apart one
from the other, as two cloths (ace.)
sewn together, the different cobs (ace.)
of mealies laid out to dry, or boys
fighting; disentangle, unravel, as a knot
(ace), entangled string, or (metaphor.)
a complicated affair or difficult passage
in a book = xazulula [Her. karurura,
divide; kozorora, disentangle].

Hie, and Hie, perf. and subj. of hla, q. v.

Hie, adj. Good, in all and any of its
meanings; hence, nice, of good ap-
pearance, pretty, handsome, beautiful,
I'legant, grand, as a nice-looking child,
a fine dress, or a well decorated room;
nice, of good quality, as food, or clothes;
nice, enjoyable to the senses, pleasant,
a- bathing in the river, or life in the
town; nice, good morally or of nature,
as a boy, or a horse; proper, in order,
as a person's action or conduct. Comp.
hi [Chw. nthle, good; Kamb. cheo; Tu.
Nyat idza; Ru. ija; Bo. Ngu. Ze. edi;
Ko. child; Lo. vera; <ii. halile],

Ex. okuhle! good fortune! — as might
l>»- '•aid to a departing friend.

ngabk ukuba ngiyUe izolo, it would have
been well, or all right, if I had gone
iterday.

ngahle aba ngaya nyakenye, it would have
been well, if I had gone last year.

ngahle aba uyile yena, it would have

n better, if he had gone.

/«/<////< eya yena, it would be well, or

better, if he went (How, at the present time).

Hie, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Be thoroughly

■d etc., as above ukuti hlehlelezi.

Ex. muhle hie (at muhle ute hie, or ule
hlehlelezi) he is perfectly lovely.

isi-Hle, ?>.. Charitableness, benevolence of
nature, kind-heartedness — used only
adverbially in conjunction with some
verb = ubu-Hle.

Ex. 'nmholek y'ini?' ' Qaf wenxe. isihle
nje/' 'did you pay him for it?' 'No! he
just did it from love, charitableness, his
good -hearted n ess ! '

ungipile isihle for ngesikle), he gave (it)
to me (from) kind-heartedness, i. e. without
looking for any return, for nothing.

uku-Hle, n. = ubu-Hle (localism in Zulu-
land).

ubu-Hle, n. Quality of goodness, in all its
varieties; hence, beauty; enjoyableness,
pleasantness, peacefulness, of life or land ;
goodness of heart, good-nature, chari-
tableness (= isi-Hle); propriety, etc.

Phr. uku-zi-sileela ngas'ebuhleni or ngas'e-

iioiiini, to cut off for oneself from the good
part, or fat part = to take the best for
oneself, or to make one's own case or side
out well.

Hleba, v. Speak evil of a person (ace.) be-
hind his back (such action always being-
disapproved of, even though the accusa-
tion be true), make an accusation against
him secretly, slander, defame, as a
malicious individual might another man
to the chief (ku, or loc. ) = sekehla.

Ex. nampu utshwala bukuhleba, ah! there
is the beer telling on you (viz. that you have
been at it before, secretly) — said to a per-
son who, when about to take his first drink
of beer, spills some down his chest.

uku-hleba ngezandhla = rribixela.

Hlebela.v. Tell a person (ace.) something
(ace.) secretly, make known to hint pri-
vately some concealed affair concerning
himself or others = hlebezela. See
i-nTlebo.

Hlebeza, v. Whisper; tell whisperingly _=
nyenyeza.

Hlebezela, v. Whisper to one, tell one an
affair (doub. ace.) in an under-tone or
secretly = hlebela.

ama-Hlebezi, n. Whisperings, talking s in
a suppressed tone.

Kx. ngizwe tigamahlebexi, 1 have heard it
whispered.

isi-Hlebo, n. Slanderous speech, a calumny,

or false accusation secretly laid.
Hlefe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fehle.
Hlefeza, v. = fehleza.

Hlehla, v. Step or go backwards, recede,
draw back, retire, as a person or army

HLE 247

before some opposition ahead (often
used with nyova or nyovane); fall back
i. e. fall through, as a plan that has been
abandoned.

isi-Hlehle, n. Small cactus-like plant, of
which there are two varieties growing
on the veldt, one eaten, the other not;
hence also, priekly-pear plant.

Hlehleleza, v. Push or make slide along
the ground, as one might a spoon or
sleeping-mat (ace.) asked for by another
in the hut; give with marked liberality
i. e. more largely than one has earned
or expected, as when a man gives ano-
ther (ace.) a beast for doing very little =
ukuti hlehlelezi.

Ex. wangihlehlelexa for wemgiti filehlelexi)
ngoqobo Iwentsonyama, he bestowed upon me
the intsonyama (prime part kept for the
chief) itself.

Hlehlelezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlehleleza;
also ukuti hie.

um-Hlehlo,w. 5. The caul or network of
adipose tissue covering the viscera of a
beast and forming part of the perito-
neum.

Hleka (s.k.),v. Laugh; laugh at a person
(ace.) or thing (comp. gegeteka; gigiteka;
kunkuteka; mamateka; u(lu)-Hleko); be
split an open crack (used in pert'.), as a
cracked pot (= ukuti hleke) [Ar. dihik,
sakhira, laugh, laugh at; Sw. eheka;
Ga. Bo. Ya. MZT. seka; Kamb. deka].

Ex. ukamba seluhlekile, the beer-pot is
now split.

ungihlekela-ni? what are you laughing at
me for?

Phr. uku-m-hleka usulu, to laugh at him
contemptuously, laugh to scorn, deride.

uku-hhka i/kleko, to give a loud laugh —
peculiar to Native girls.

'inyanga ihlekwe h/nyoni." 'Amanga.'xiyi-
hleke ikoIo; namhla iselire', 'the moon is
laughed at by the birds (*. e. sets to-day just
before sunrise, while the birds are doing their
morning chatter).' 'Not so! they laughed at
it yesterday; to-day it is dawned for {i.e. it
set yesterday just before sunrise; to-day the
sun will be up before it sets) — the expres-
sion is only used of that particular last set-
ting before suurise.

Hleke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Split or open
apart (longitudinally), as the two sides
of a log of wood that has been riven
or of a board that has been sawn down
the middle or of a pot that has cracked,
or the legs of a man when sitting on
the ground with the legs far apart; open
out, as the two sides of an oyster when
split open, of a book when opened, or
of a bundle of goods when the saek-

HLE

covering is ripped down the middle (=
hleka, hlekezeka) ; make so open or
split apart, as a man might a cloven log
(ace.) by pulling it asunder with the
hands, or his legs (ace) when he sits
with them wide apart, or a book or
bundle when he opens or unfolds it (=
hlekeza) = ukuti qeke.

i(li)-Hleke (s. k.), n. A sitting down in a
state of absolute destitution or want,
without children, cattle, food, snuff, etc.
( lit. with the legs stretched out like a
fool) - only used idiomatically in con-
junction with uku-hlala, as below.

Ex. cmitonjeni ngihkxe ihleke, as to malt 1
have absolutely none, am quite out of it —
said by a woman to another who has made
request for a little.

ishungu lami selihlexi ihleke, my snuff-box
is now quite empty of snuff.

isi-Hhleke (s.k.),n. Cluster, clump (i.e.
compact collection of small separate
bodies in one place or mass, whether
standing, growing, or hanging), as of
tambootie-grass, Kafir-corn, trees, or (by
comparison) cattle and people (= isi-
Xeke, isi-Xobo), or grapes or similarly
growing berries (= i(li)-Hlukuzo), or a
clod of entangled roots at the base of a
clump of grass (= isi-Diudi); wasp's
nest (as being formed of a close mass
of little cells). Comp. i(li)-Hlololwane;
i(li)- Viyo; isi-Swenya.

Ex. kade ngihlekexana nexdhleke, I've
ever so loug splitting up along with
clumps — said by a woman who has
breaking up new ground abundant in

been
root-
been

such

grass-clods.

kiu/imixi yini? ixihlekana, is it then
kraals? it is just a lot of little cells
applied contemptuously to a number of small

two huts gathered together

kraals of one or
in one locality.
Hlekelele, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Be spread
out and about, as blankets lying about
airing, or goods out and about in a
kraal during the process of hut build-
ing or cleaning; be broadly spread out,
as a tree, a very broad mouth, or kraal-
affairs that have got scattered abroad.

a ma- H lekelele (s. k.), u. Things lying
spread about, as blankets airing or hut
utensils outside during the cleaning pro-
cess; serious kraal-affair that has got or
will get noised abroad among the public
(— u-Dungundumela).

isi-Hlekelele (s. k.), n. Anything spread
broadly out, as a tree = isi-Yengelelc.

Hlekeza (s. k.), v. = ukuti hleke, qekeza.

u(lu)-Hleko (s.k.),n. A loud laughing he!

/

HLE 248

peculiar to adult Native girls (with

HLE

hleka).

Hlela, v. Put things (ace.) in order, settle,
arrange, adjust1, as clothes in a cup-
board, people at a feast or dance, beer
when apportioning it out methodically,
mi- an unsettled state of affairs in a kraal.
Ex. umuntu uma ehamba hweminye imixi
uyaxiftlela, when a person goes into other
kraals he adjusts himself, i.e. puts his dress,
<>r behaviour in good order.

ama-Hlelehlele (no sing.), n. = ama-Hle-

ngehlenge.
Hleleleka (s. k :), i>. Go about at one's plea-
Bure, without any work or supervision
yilileka. Com p. bunusa.
Ex. ngambona ehleleleka emgwaqweni, I
-aw him out for a walk along the road.

Hlelemba (Hlelembha), v. Level or smooth-
«-ii the surface of any loose-bodied mass
by raking it about, as a lot of corn (ace.)
when spread out to dry by running the
hand over it, or the loose earth (ace.)
in a hut when flooring it or on a new
road by raking the loose soil to and fro
(not properly used of levelling a plank
with the plane or a road with the pick);
'level' a newly -dressed skin (ace.) i.e.
rub up the nap with an aloe-leaf so as to
rive it a soft even surface; 'rake about'
newly planted field (loc. or ku),
of the birds that flock into a field
sowing and pick out all the seed.

; ihlelembile i\ inyoni kuleyo'ntsimu
the birds have raked out the sepd in
field of mine.
u-Hlelenjwayo, //. Food consisting of fresh
young mealies crushed and then boiled
in sweet imfe- water.
isi-Hlelo, n. — i(li)-Qoma.

Hlenga, v. Escort, or accompany with the
object of protecting, helping, taking care
of, etc, lead or guide through, or out
of, any danger, etc., as when one ac-
companies a very sick, fatigued, or
disabled person (ace.) on a journey
(comp. onga), or a swimmer accompany-
ing ;i person crossing a river on a float
■lllr, iga) by pushing along and guid-
ni<_' this latter, or attendants accompany-
ing a chief when travelling; help along
•'" 1 1 < ■ 1 1 travelling by giving aid, as a

igOU or horse docs a sick or disabled
I>«t-. ,n (ace.); ransom, redeem, as one
inight a person (ace.) taken captive by
buying him out with a beast; sdft, clean,
or clear, as snuff (ace), meal, or thatch-
in. by knocking off the discon-

Cted bit>, -baking about in a basket,
through a sieve ( hlunga); sift

-■
in a

used

after

Ex.
yami,

that

"i

out, as the coarse sittings (ace.) or rub-
bish from such snuff, meal, or grass
(= hlunga).

Ex. umlungu ivamhlenga ngehashi, the

whiteman helped him along (he being sick
or incapable) by a horse.

' ivaltlenyioa uba?' 'Wahlengiva inqola',
1 who took charge of him on the way ? ' ' He
was taken charge of by a wagon.'

isi- Hlenga, n. Float, consisting of a bundle
of reeds, along the top of which a man
lies on his stomach, holding on to a
forked-stick thrust in at the front, and
is thus pushed by a swimmer across
a full river ; hence, raft (see hlenga) ;
sieve (= isi-Sefo).

ama-Hlengehlenge (no sing.),n. Mucus
passed with the fceces at stool; applied
contemptuously to nasty food of a semi-
liquid nature when the ingredents have
not combined well with the water = ama-
Yeziyezi, ama-Teketeke, ama-Hlelehlele,
i-nTlengentlenge.

Hlengelela, v. Help or guide a person
(ace.) or beast out of any difficulty, want,
or danger, as by giving him food in
time of famine, or a team of oxen (ace.)
stuck in the mud by pulling them this
way and that = hlengela, hlengezela.
Comp. hlenga.

i(li)-Hlengetwa (Hlengethwa), n. Porpoise
= u-Sitebe.

Hlengezela, v. Show exceptional tender-
ness towards, treat with especial care,
kindness and consideration so as to
secure oneself against the loss of, as a
poor man might certain cattle (ace.)
which his chief has handed over to his
care and which he is anxious to keep,
or as a man might a servant or wife
(ace.) who requires especially careful
handling lest she depart ; show excessive
'tenderness' or touchiness, be petulant
and peevish, as a child or wife (nom.)
might become when spoiled by such
exceptional treatment; show tender emo-
tion in the eyes i. e. have them filled
with tears (izinyembezi), as a person
when feeling sorry (=yengezela ) ; or,
show tenderness, i.e. fill over the eyes,
as the tears (nom.) themselves; also =
hlengelela.

Ex. ngite ngiyakuluma, ivas'ehlenyexela
(or wahlengexela ixinyembexi) , 1 was just
thinking I was speaking, when she filled
the eyes with tears.

ng'exwa sekuhlengexela ixinyembexi, I
felt the tears filling my eyes.

ngi/mhlengexela, any Hand i ukuba amuke,
I treat her with especial consideration, as I
don't want her to leave.

cutting
removing

HLE 249

Hlengezelisa, v. Spoil, or render petulant,
peevish, touchy, etc., as a man might a
particular wife or child (ace.) by show-
ing exceptional treatment.

Hlentlebula, v. Break or cut up new soil
largely and well i. e. sending the hoe
deeply into the ground. Cp. qata.

Hlentleteka (Hlentletheka), v. Spread, as
a sore (— bibu) ; persist obstinately in
contrary talk or conduct (= pisela).

Hlepu, ukuti (Hlephu, ukuthi), v. = hlepu-
ka; hlepula; ukuti qepu, ukuti hepu.

i(li)-Hlepu (Hlephu), n. Part only of a
herd of cattle or of a full body of men,
after a certain portion (= isi-Qepu) has
been removed.

isi- Hlepu (Hlephu), n. Anything from
which a piece, portion, chip, fragment,
etc., has been separated off, broken off,
cut off, or removed in any way, as the
remainder of a chipped pot, of a loaf
after a crust has been taken, of a piece
of cloth or a field from which a portion
has been cut off (= isi-Qepu); also
rarely, the fragment or portion so
removed (= isi-Qepu, u(lu)-Deugezi).

Hlepuka (Hlephuka), v. Be or get chipped,
cut, etc., i.e. have a portion (= isi-Qepu)
separated off, broken off, cut off, or
otherwise removed, as an earthen pot,
piece of cloth or land, herd of cattle,
etc., (used in perf. = ukuti hlepu, qepu-
ka); also rarely, get chipped or broken
off, as the fragment itself (= qepuka).

Ex. isitsha sami sihlepukile, my pot is
chipped, or has a fragment knocked out.

myanga is'i/ilepukile, the moon has a
piece taken oft' i.e. is just after the full,
when diminished slightly at the side.

Hlepula (Hlephtda), v. Chip, cut, or
otherwise diminish a thing (ace.) by
removing a portion (== isi-Qepu) of its
substance, as a loaf of bread (ace.) by
breaking a crust from it, an earthen
pot by chipping it, a piece of cloth by
from it, a herd of cattle by
a number, or a piece of land
by cutting off a portion (= ukuti hle-
pu, qepula); also rarely, chip or break-
off, as the fragment (ace.) itself (= qe-
pula).

u(lu)-Hlevane, n (C.N.) = u(lu)-Hlavane.

i(li)-Hleza, n. Pithy interior of a mealie-
cob when shelled of the grain (— i(li)-
Qobo); core of a cow's horn, or soft
horn inside of the outer sheath or u(lu)-
Pondo; (C.N.) any cartilaginous bone,
such as can be gnawed, as below.

Ex. ihlexa lesifuba, breast-bone; ihlexa
letnpapa, rump-bone (C.N.).

HLI

Bullock with
core only

only

remaining

• nit' horn,
on the

isi-Hleza, n.
or with the
other side.

u-Hlezane, n. Hickory-King mealies (col-
lect.), from the small i(li)-Hleza or <•<>!>
= i-mVutivamini (N.).

Hleze, def. verb, expressing 'continually
constantly, always,' used with nearly all
the tenses and followed by the parti-
ciple of succeeding verb [originally
identical with hlezi, the perf. of hlala,
as proved by similar use in Xo. of
this latter] = zinge, etc.

Ex. ngihlexe ngimtshela, 1 am continually
telling him.

bayakuhlexe bedhlala ngako, they will be
always playing with it.

i(li)-Hlezi,w. (C.N.) = i(li)-Vondwe.

Hlezu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — hlezuka; hle-
zula.

Hlezuka (s.k.),v. Get divided, cut, broken,
or otherwise separated into two, or
more, portions, as a plank, orange, bundle
of firewood, as below. Cp. cezuka; hle-
puka; qepuka.

Hlezula, v. Divide, cut, break, or other-
wise separate into two, or more, portions,
as when sawing a plank (ace.) in twain,
breaking an orange into portions for dis-
tribution, or separating off a part of
one's firewood for another. Cp. cezula;
hlepula; qepula.

HIV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be very sour or
acid, as beer, amasi, etc. (comp. hlo-
sana); make the hissing sound when
experiencing sharp pain = hliza.

Hlibitisa (Hlibithisa), v. Make an ugly,
wry, distorted face (with or without
ubuso ), as when making grimaces, drink-
ing medicine or breaking into tears
(comp. bipa); be thus distorted, as the
face itself.

Hlibiza, v. Gather the little bits of mealie-
cobs (izi-HHbiza) from a field that has
turned out a failure = hlubuza.

isi-Hlibiza, n. Little under-grown bit of a
thing, as a small stunted mealie-cob or
person.

Hlifihlifi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlit'iteka.

Hbfi hh'fi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlifiza.

ama-Hlifihlifi, n. = ama-Fildit'ihli.

ubu-Hlifitana (Hlifithana), n. Naughtiness,
rudeness in a child, as below.

Hlifiteka (Hlifitheka), v. Act naughtily,
rudely, improperly, as a child when it
laughs at an elder ( with nga ), or is
pettish, fastidious about its food, quar-
relsome with others, etc.

HLI

Hlifiza, f. = fibliza.

Hlifizeka (s. /:.),/■. t'ihlizeka.

Hlihla, v. Run over, as water from a boil-
ing pot, or ( metaphor.) weeds excessive-
ly abundant in a field. Cp. hlihlima.

Hlihlima. v. cicima, pupuma.

Hlikihla (s.k.), r. Rub, as a boy his slate
(ace.), a servant the window-glass, the

body when rubbing in embrocation, or
as a horse the tree against which it
'scratches' itself (op. s/dkisha); com-
pletely destroy or make an end of, as
a woman of all her pots (ace), or an
impi the enemy (gen. with s hay a = si-
kih la) [Lat. trico, I rub; Sw. fikicha,
rub to pieces].

Ex. ixinkamba us'exishaye waxihlikihla,

die has already finished oft* all her beer-pots.

Hliki hliki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = hli-
kihla ; hlikiza.

ama-Hlikihliki (no sing.),n. Things all
pulled about, ragged, disordered, untidy,
as thatch on a hut when blown about
by the wind, clothes all tattered, food
or dirt besmeared all about a child's
face or body, or hair of a woman when
dishevelled or of a man when uncombed
<>r growing 'untidily' over the chest or
cheeks; such a man, child, hut, etc., itself
i-)i Tlakantlaka, ama-Hlakahlaka,
ama-Hlipihlipi, i-nTlikintliki, ama-Hli-
fihlit'i ; cp. ama-Ntlahmtlahi.

isi-Hlikili (s.k.), n. Person with a ragged
appearance from hair growing untidily
about his face or chest, or hanging
dishevelled or uncombed about the
lu-ad = um-Hlikwe.

i(li)-Hlikiva (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Xikiva.

Hlikiza (s.k.), v. Pull about; as a dog
pulling about playfully an old coat (ace.)
it may have found, or a pig pulling about
tie- bedding in its sty (comp. ?iyikinya);
pull about, scatter about, put in disorder,
as clothes (ace.) in a cupboard, pots in
a hut, or rubbish all about a kraal (=
fihliza, fu/duza, xikiza); pull to pieces,
as oxen the kraal-fence (ace.) or a man
pulling down a hut (= hlakaza); pull
to pieces (metaphor.) by talk, vilify,
run down, as one might another person
(acc.) or institution (•— filisa).

um-Hlikwe (s.k.),u.r>. person with hair
growing raggedly, shaggily, all about

the fare, <-hest, etc. ( isi-1 1/ ikiti) ;

any 'kin<i' in playing-cards ( comp. u-Ma-

devana).
Hlma, ,•. (N.) hlibitisa.
Himikeza (s.k.), r. shinikeza.

250 HLO

Hlinekezi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti
shinikezi.

Hlinza, v. Skin, flay, as a slaughtered
beast (acc); skin (metaphor.) i.e. murder
and mutilate, as an intswelaboya his
victims.

Ex. waklinxwa intsicelaboya, he was mur-
dered by a professional-murderer.

u(lu)-Hlinzamfuku (s.k.), v. Common mea-
dow fern.

um-Hlinzantulo (s. t.), n. 5. Poor, inferior-
class person, who posesses nothing and
doesn't visit the chief's kraal.

i(li)-Hlinzanyoka^\&.>,rc. Certain shrub (C.N.)

Hlinzeka (s. k.), v. Prepare food (with nga)
in readiness for a person (acc.) coming
or expected to come, as on a visit or
from a journey.

Ex. bamhlinxeka nyefuto, they had some
boiled mealies ready for him on his arrival.

isi or um-Hlinzeko (s.k.),n.5. Food pre-
pared in readiness, as above.

isi-Hlipi (Hliphi),n. Fork of a tree used
as a slip or drag for carrying purposes
= isi-Hudulo [Eng. slip].

HITpi hi i pi, ukuti (Hltphi htiphi, ukuthi), v.
= uktdi hliki hliki.

ama-HIVpihlipi (Hltphi /dip hi), n. = ama-
Hlikihliki.

Hlipiza (Hliphiza), v. = hlikiza.

isi-Hlito (Hlitho),n. (C.N.) = isi-Hlutu.

Hliza, v. = uktdi hli.

HI6, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) = ukuti rro.

i(li)-Hlo,ra. Eye = i(li)-So (which latter
word is most commonly used for the
singular, and ame-Hlo for the plural)
[Skr. akshe, eye; Gr. ops; Sw. ji-cho;
Sha. zi-sho; Hinz. dzi-tso; Lo. i-tho; Ko.
li-ho; Kwe. izi-ho; pi. me-so; Her. e-ho;
Nywe. i-so; Li. si-so; Bo. ti-so; Kag.
igi-so; Ya. li-so; Ru. ji-so; U. ili-nso;
Mo. idi-tu; At. oju\.

Phr. utwele amchln, he carries ( high ) the
eyes, /'. e. carries no modesty or respectful-
ness in his face, is 'cheeky' looking, bold
and impudent = o'mefdo as'ekanda.

amehlo ake kawahlanyani naivabantu, his
eyes don't meet those of (other) people, i.e.
he doesn't look one straight in the face, has
a dishonest, deceitful look about him.

uku-beka ngamehlo abomvu, to look or
expect with red (straining) eyes i.e. with
intense desire.

abas' emehlweni, reflections seen in the
pupils.

nantsi ingubo es'emehlweni ami for Mini),
this is the blanket which is in my eves i. e.

HLO

251

HLO

which has most attraction for me, which I
admire most.

Hloba, v. Put on any article (ace.) of finery
by way of adorning oneself, dress up,
as a young man going out to court
(used in perf. = vunula); sprout anew,
as an amabele plant (see isi-Hlabane) ;
sprout, put on new branehlets, as a tree
in spring; put on or show fine, clean
stalks, without abundant ragged sheath-
leaves; become curdled, as milk by the
addition of acid or in its natural chemical
changes (for am-asi the word vutiva is
used ).

Hlobisa, v. Help one (ace.) to ornament
himself, dress him up; decorate, orna-
ment, bedeck, as a house (ace), table,
etc., with finery of any kind.

i(li)-Hlobo, n. Article of finery for bodily
adornment, an ornament. See hloba;
isi-Shipi.

Ex. abemtu babeyakat/euza for enxela)
ihlubo, the Natives would make a body-
ornament of it.

i(li)-HI6bo (Hloobo — no plur.), 11. Summer
i. e. season of vegetative activity (begin-
ing therefore with the sprouting of the
trees and ending with the ripening, not
harvesting, of the crops) [prob. akin to
hloba q. v.]. Comp. ubu-Sika.

Phr. ngadhla ihlobo fcona, I spent or
enjoyed the summer there ( hut not used of
the winter season, when there is uo fresh
field-stuff to enjoy).

uk/t-bik' ihlobo, to announce the new season
- a custom of a betrothed girl of taking a
present of the first-fruits to her future father-
in-law.

X. B. This season is customarily divided
as follows : —

1. Vetwese ihlobo. the summer has come
round, i. e. at the time of the first rains,
when the new grass begins to cover the land.

2. sekuV ulibo, or sekui/isikati solibo, it is
now the time of the first fruits, when green
pumpkins, gourds, and the like are eaten.

3. seku iikwhidhla, or sekn y'isikati so-
kwindhla, it is now the time of the new
food, when the new mealies (not amabele)
are eaten, when the amabele is just com-
mencing to produce ears and the birds to
give trouble.

(a), seku V ihlobo elikulu; sekupakati hwo-
kwindhla, it is now great or mid-summer,
it is now the middle of a kwindh /a-time, i. e.
when the amabele is in full ear and the
mealies ripening.

(b). sekupele ukwindhla; sekupele ihlobo, the
akicitidhla-t'ime, is now at an end, the sum-
mer-season is now finished, i. e. when the
amabele and mealies are already ripe and
drying on the stalk.

I. sekungena ubusika; seku y'isikati soku-
vuna, the winter-season is now coming in;
it is now harvesting time.

isi-HIObo (Hloobo), n. P»elative, blood-
relation (of a distant nature, and hence
generally applied to such as have n<>
other name to distinguish them, e.g. re-
latives on one's mother's side); friend,
acquaintance (= um-Hlobo). Cp. isi-
Sebele. [Her. omvrhoko, relation; Sw.
ukoo, relationship].

Ex. uy'lsihtobo sini na/ref what relation
is he to you ?

um-Hlobo (Hloobo), n. 5. Friend, acquain-
tance (comp. um-Ngane, isi-Sebele) ;
relative, relation, of a distant kind, un-
distinguished by name (seldom used in
this last sense; more generally isi-Hlo-
bo) = isi-Hlobo.

Phr. yek'umhlob'onentlahla, oxipeka ulale,
zing'eqiwa 'gundane! what a fortunate friend !
who boils his mealies and lets them rest,
and they are not so much as jumped over
by a mouse — expressing admiration of one's
good fortune or prosperity.

u(lu)-HI5bo (Hloobo), n. Race, nationality,
of mankind, as the Indian, or Suto;
tribe, or clan, as the Qwabe and Zulu
clans ( the word here refers to the com-
mon blood-relationship, not the body
corporate = isi-Zwe); genus, species,
breed, as of animals; kind, sort, as of
any inanimate thing; variety of action,
way, manner [Her. omu-hoko, kind;
Sw. ukoo, relationship; MZT. lu-zubo,
kind].

Ex. kabasilo uhlobo lunye, they are not
of the same nationality.

uVuhlobo Iwakiti, he is a countryman of
mine, or of the same clan.

iyyja yohlobo, a dog of a breed i. <\ of a
good breed.

uhlobo luni lona lolu Iwokuloba? what
kind of writing is this ?

Phr. uhlob'olubi, olungebekelwe'nja, a wretch-
ed tribe (or class of people), such as you
would not set a dog before ( to eat ) — word
of contempt for any disreputable family,
kraal, etc.
ubu-Hlobo (Hloobo), n. Relationship.

Hlobonga, v. Indulge in lewd sexual inter-
course (by habit and externally) with {,'<■
one of the other sex (with na), as a
young man with a girl or vice versa
(for a single connection, see pinga);
induce or entice a person (ace.) by
private talking to do anything — soma,
sweba; (C.N.) court, woo, in a good
sense.
Ex. lokungahlobongwa ng'uwe ukuba ngixe?

HLO 252

why thu>. since it was you who enticed me
to come?

.V. />'. It is the common custom among
Zulu Natives that a betrothed pair indulge
in frequent surreptitious, though unconsnm-
mated, intercourse. The practice though
technically unlawful, is nevertheless univer-
sally connived at, even by the girl's parents;
l>nt it is iinly so tolerated between a couple
who have been properly affianced in ac-
cordance with Native custom. The word,
however, in Zuiuland is never used in a
•good' sense, thai is, in the sense of pure
wooing. Cp. pimbezela.

Hlofo, ukuti (ukuthi), r. = hlof'oza, ukuti
fohlo.

Hlofoka (s.k.), v. = fohloka.

Hlofoza, v. = fohloza.

u(lu)-HI6fu (Hloofu), n. Bitterness to the
taste of certain watermelons and pump-
kins; water-melon or pumpkin when so
bitter; strong, disagreeable bodily odour
of some Natives (cp. um-Sanka; i(li)-
Ququ ).

ili or isi-HI6fuhlofu, n. Person who takes
no care or thought as to what he says
or does, as below.

Hlofuza, v. Do or make anything (ace),
or speak, without taking any thought,
care, or pains, doing therefore in an
improper, wild reckless manner, as
when talking angrily about a thing one
has not properly understood, or when
eating food (ace), sewing a dress (ace),
dealing with females, etc., in an irregular,
wild, inordinate manner.

Hlohla (Hloohla),v. Drive or force in-
to by pressure, thrust in, ram in,
a> when ramming a lot of soft goods
(acc.) into a sack (ace), or thrusting in
a blanket amidst a pile of others on a
shelf, or loading the powder into a gun,
or a stick into mud or water to see the
depth; drive in upon, run back into, as
a main river when in flood running up
into its feeder (ace), or the in-flowing
tide entering a river-mouth; go out of
one'- direct course, go running off at a
tangent, as a path, or person travelling;
drive ii]) or along with force, as the sky
(1-znlii) bringing along rain (ace) from
the southern-horizon, or the wind when
blowing bard in one direction as though
'filling in the Back'; force out i.e. blow
or give a whistle (i(li)-Kwelo). Oomp.
hlokoza; hlokoloza; pahla.

ng'ehle qede eS/mtrr, ur/asi'wjihto/ila,
tqonda oTukela, after 1 had come down
in K-howe. I Btruck away and went in
the direction of the Tukela.

HLO

y'iloku kus'ile Uhlohle iningiximu, ever
since day-break it (i-xidu) has rammed along
the south-wester.

ibuya lawuhlohlela emnva umLalaxi, the
in-flowing tide drove back the Umlalazi.

um-Hlohlelekwana (s.k.), n. 5. Things pack-
ed closely or standing densely thick
together so as to obstruct all passage, as
goods in a room, people at a meeting,
mealies in a field, or kraals in a locality.
Comp. isi-Bambane.

Hlohloloza, v. Thrust or push along, as
a man (acc.) when seizing him behind,
or a box along the ground; meet a
person (ace) with violent words, as
when he asks a question, explanation, etc.

Hlohlolozi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlohloloza.

um-Hlohlongwane, n. 5. Certain small night
bird (perhaps the Natal Nightjar —
Caprimulgus Natalensis ), having a very
pleasant song heard during the early
night (N).

Hlohlozela, v. Cause a griping -or cramp-
like pain in the salivary glands belowr
the ears, as does the eating of very acid
or sour foods like lemons, etc.; hence,
be very acid, sour, acrid, etc., as a lemon,
acid utshwala, etc.; smart, as a sore
when sprinkled with salt, or one's heart
when pained (= shoshozela ).

Ex. ngexwa kuhlokloxela exiqateni, I felt
a cramp or griping in the salivary glands
(upon eating acrid food).

Hloko, or Hloko hloko, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),
v. — hlokoza.

isi-Hloko (s.k.),n. Top, point, tip, upper
end, or. head of any long-bodied thing
(in contradistinction to the isi-Qu or
bottom), as of a stick, pillar, finger,
assegai, pencil, bundle of grass, or tree;
foremost or head of a train, as of cattle,
soldiers inarching, or wagons travelling
(=i-nTloko, i(li)-Kala); originals or
head of a herd, from which the others
have been bred (=i-nTloko) [akin to
hlokoza, cp v. Her. o-honga, top ; Sw.
chongoa, to point].

Hlokohla (s. k.), v. = hlokohlanisa.

Hlokohlana (s.k.), v. Be cramped together,
over-crowrded, over-stuffed, as corn in a
field, a too heavy weight of leaven in a
vessel so that it cannot readily ferment,
or damageable clothes stuffed into a box.

Hlokohlanisa (s.k.), v. Stuff in, cram in,
etc., anything (ace), as above.

i(li)-HI6kohloko (s. k.), n. Yellow Weaver-
bird, of which there are. several varieties,
the commonest being the Spotted-backed
Weaver-bird ( Hyphantornis spilonotus ).

/

HLO 253

Ex. kanti ktoakele a/mahlokohloko la pa
rinlhliiii na? is it then a weaver-bird settle-
ment here in the hut ? — as may he said
when reproving a lot of chattering children.

isi-Hlokolo (s.k.),n. Certain sea-fish.

Hlokoloza (s. k.), v. Poke anything (ace.)
with the top or point (isi-Hloko) of a
thing, as with a stick, one's finger, etc.
(= eokoloza, tokoloza); thrust pointedly
at, poke towards (ace.) without touching.
Cp. gqula; hlokoza [Sw. sukuma poke].

Hlokolozi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.). v. = hloko-
loza.

Hlokoma (s.k.), v. Make a confused rum-
bling or dinning noise, as a lot of people
talking loudly in a hut, a party singing
in a distance, a river running over stones
in a valley, or water when singing pre-
vious to boiling; 'din' a person (ace.)
with praise, as when the whole company
mingle simultaneously in shouts of ad-
miration at a maiVdancing. Com p. haza.
Ex. kuyahhkoma endhlebeni kimi, there is
a tingling in my ear.

bamhlokoma, igagu elikulu, they gave him
a rumbling volley of praise, the great dancer.

i(li)-Hlokova or Hlokovu (s.k.), n. Group,
collection (say a dozen or two), as of
cattle belonging to a man, or of men
walking along a road, or working to-
gether = i(li)-Dhlanzi. Com p. i(li)-Qabi;
isi-Xuku.

Hlokoza (s. k.), v. Thrust or poke about
at, thrust or poke in at, as at a snake
(ace.) in a hole, or a frog beneath a
box = ukuti hloko hloko. Comp. shidela;
hlokoloza; joj a. [akin to isi-Hloko q. v.J.

Hlola (Hloola), v. Be alone, or left alone,
i by oneself, without companionship, super-
vision or restraint, at one's ease or
leisure (used mostly in perf.), as children
when their parents are out or as a sick
person left alone without anj^one to care
for him (= uku-hlala i(li)-Hlola or
eHlola; see i(li)-Hlane); work an unu-
sual, awe-inspiring feat, as a magician ;
work an um- Hlola i. e. send or bring
down an evil-omen or portent, as an
umtakati (see hlolela); serve out beer in
a private pot (see hlolela).

Ex. rrqn/r ahlole umhlola, he first sends
an evil-omen or portent.

amankonyane ahlolilc umhlola namhlanje,
the calves are enjoying their ease to-day, go-
ing just where they like.

P. ucakide nhlolile, imamla y'ahtkile, the
weasel is at ease, the mamba having gone
OUt=when the cat's away, the mice do play.

Hlola, v. Spy out, spy at, as a scout the
enemy (ace.) in war-time; explore, sur-

HLO

vey, as a country (ace); inspect, as a
piece of work or a school ; examine, as
an article bought (comp. vivinya), or as
mothers were in forme]' times regularly
accustomed to do pudenda earum t'ilia-
rum by way of supervision against illicit
intercourse; run the eyes (with ngame-
hlo) over tilings (ace.) cursorily, glance
at suryeyingly, as a stranger might the
goods in a hut when wishing to discover
if any particular object is concealed there
[Her. hora; spy; Sw. onja, examine].

Ex. waqala wasihloh. ngamehlo, he first
snrveyingly ran his eyes over us (to sec what
kind of visitors we were;.

Phr. uku-m-buka ngelokuhlola, to look at
him (a person) with an examining eye. i.e.
in a suspicious, unfriendly manner.

i(li)-Hl6la (Hloola; loc. e-Hldla), n. Un-
supervised, unrestrained leisure; the
state of being left undisturbed to oneself
or alone (gen. used with uku-dlda, Ma-
la, hlezi, etc.) = isi-Sulu; cp. i(li)-Hlane.
See hlola.

Ex. sidhla ihlola, m sihlex/i ehlola, we

are enjoying ease, or we are living at ease
— as children when left free from control.

uBani uhlexi ihlola lake yedioa, So-and-
so is having his ease all alone — might be
said by way of regret at his solitariness.

P. ihlola ladhla umninilo, the solitude
devoured its owner, i. e. thinking to be pos-
sessed of something good, it was really his
own death, for when the wild-beast came
down on him there was none at hand to
aid him.

ihlola UhloVh into umke, the solitude is
solitary in all things alike, i.e. it is not only
so in a pleasant sense, but the same soli-
tariness may be the source of
pleasantness e.g. should evil befal
you are alone.

u m - H I 6 1 a (Hloola), n. 5. Any
extraordinary, awe-inspiring
occurrence causing one
an eclipse of
train to the

much un-
VOU while

strange,
hing ot-
to wonder, as
the sun, or a railway-
Natives: such thing or

occurrence when regarded as a por-
tent of evil, an ill-omen, as the alight-
ing of a ground-hornbill (irnTsingiei)
upon one's hut (= isi-Ga); used inter-
jectionally, in sing, or plur. ( umhlola
or imihlbla) to express indignation,
angry suprise, etc., as 'Well I never!
what* next ! what cheek ! ' = isi- Yiko. Cp.
isi-Ci [Su. motlolo, wonder; Sw. onyo,
omen].

Ex. kwehlile umhlola, there has come
down an omen.

s'ehlelive^ionhlola, we were befallen by a
strange occurrence.

HLO 254

Thr. tiku-hiola umhtofa, to Bend an evil-
"iiien or portent, as an umtakaii does pre-
vious to his operating on a kraal.

uku-punga twthioia, to drive away (by
charms, etc.) an evil-omen.
i(li)-Hlolamvula, //. Common Swift (Cypse-

lus '//>//.•«•) = i(li)-Ja.
Hlolela (Hloolela), r. Bring or send down
mi one (acc) an evil-sign or ill-omen,
as an umtakaii does on a kraal previous
to attacking it; serve a person (acc.)
with a private portion (see um-Hlolo)
of beer for his own especial use, accord-
ing to custom.

Kx. mtts'ukungihlolela umhlola, don't bring

a had omen upon

me ! — as might be said

to check a person who is doiug or saying
something unlucky, as when expressing
uneasiness about the safety of somebody
gone "ii a journey, or the death of some-
body ■-till alive.

uyangihlolela ukufa! you are presaging
death or ill for me! —expressing strong ob-
jection or dislike to some request made to
one.

mauntu ofikayo kasimhloleli (umhlolo),
kuhlolehro ubcis'ekctya bodwa, a person arriv-
ing we do uot serve with a special private
l*>t: it is served privately to those of the
family only.

Hlolisa (Hloolisa),v. Attack or come down
on a person (acc.) when alone, or by
stealth, as when one hostile party takes
another by suprise.

um-Hlolo (num-Hloolo), n. 5. Private pot
of beer served out {bekela) to the chief
members of a kraal or for the amadhlo-
etc., on the morning of a beer-drink,
for their own especial use, and extra to
that to be drunk in company (ebandhla).
hlolela; um-Beko.

Ex. ininnihUilchi utshwala for anvmbekela
umhlolo), you shall put aside for him a
special pot of beer.

um-Hlolo (Hloolo), n. 5. = um-Hlola.

i(li)-Hlololwane. ». Small group or cluster

of men, cattle, etc., standing together.

Oomp. isirHleke; i(li)-Viyo.
um-Hlololwane, v. 5. Long strip of meat

running along the back of an ox on

each side of the spine.

Hloma, r. Arm, take up one's weapons

{izirKali) for a fight; arm oneself with,

an assegai (acc); stick in, so as to

-tand, as a stick (acc.) in the ground,

or a spoon in the thatch of a hut (= ukuti

ntlo)\ -tick on, as strips of meat (acc),

locusts, or medlars on a spit or skewer

u(lu)'Hlomo\ comp. huma); stick

thrust through, as the one outside

HLO

does the needle (acc.) when thatching a
Native hut (comp. tula); stick or thrust
in under, as firewood (acc.) under a
cooking-pot (loc or ku); set fire (acc.)
to the veldt-grass (loc) systematically,
as when wishing to burn off a portion ;
build the loose ears of Kafir-corn (acc),
when harvesting, into a small circular
stack (not tying them up into separate
bundles — see u(lu)-Bule, i(li)-Qinqa);
'stick oneself up' i. e. place oneself (with
si) in an unpleasant, uncomfortable
position, as when removing one's kraal
into the vicinity of a disagreeable
neighbour ; bring up thunder clouds, be
gathering for a thunder-storm, as the
sky (i-zulu) [Sw. choma, to stick; Ga.
sima, pierce.].

Ex. uVehlomih umkonto, he was armed
with an assegai.

ungangena kulowo'muxri, woba w&ihlomile,
if you should put up (for the night) in that
kraal, you will have put yourself into an
unpleasant place.

ngiyakuwahloma, I shall spit them (the
amaViyo or medlars).

u(lu)-Hlomantete ( Hloma ntethe),n. Veldt-
plant having long stalk and scarlet
flowerlets, used as firewood and cling-
ing to which dead locusts are frequently
found.

i(li)-Hlombe (Hlombhe), n. Shoulder, at
the top and upper portion of the shoul-
der-blade (see isi-Panga) ; a single clap,
or continuous clapping with the hands,
as the girls do at a Native dance-song
(with shay a = cj). nqukuza) [Sw. kombela
mkono, shoulder-blade; Her. o-hongue].

Phr. utatwe ihlombe, okulca' Ntla uxane, he
is carried away, just like Ntlanzaue, by the
impulse or excitement of seeing or hearing
others, as when a child hears others in a
noise of excitement outside and must needs
go out to see what it is, or when a person
seeing others going off anywhere feels impel-
led to go also (not used of an action through
any private, secret impulse).

um-Hlome, n. 5. = isi-Ningo.

Hlomeka (s.k.),v. Be in an unpleasant
position, live uncomfortably, as when in
the vicinity of a disagreeable neighbour
(used in perf.). See hloma; ukuti koto.

Hlomela, v. = qapela.

u-Hlomendhlini, n. Regiment of Shaka,

whose headquarters were in the present

Natal.
i(li)-Hlomo, n. Cluster of things standing

up or stuck in together, as a lot of.

mealie-cobs stuck full into a basket, a

number of people standing in a group

HLO 255

together, or a heap of separate amabe-
le ears stacked up together (cp. n(/>/)-
Bule ).
u(lu)-Hlomo, n. Spit, or skewer, for stick-
ing locusts, pieces of meat, or wild-fruit
upon. See hloma; u(lu)-Ntlontlo.

u(lu)-Hlomoti (Hlomothi), n. = u(lu)-Dhlo-
moti.

Hlomula, v. Stab a buck (ace.) in the
second place, have the next and final
'go' at it, after another has already
stabbed it and partially brought it down
or the dog of another already got hold
of it (not used of the same person
stabbing again for the second time =
qedela ) ; do for in the second place, as
a dog which attacks and brings to
ground a buck already stabbed by
somebody else (the word would only
;ipply to a dog belonging to another
party, not to him who first stabbed);
obtain the second share, e. g. a leg (ace),
in the apportioning of such a buck, as
does he who stabbed it or whose dog
attacked it in the second place.

um-Hlomulo, n. 5. Portion of a buck, as
a leg, obtained as above.

Hlomuza, v. Begin to eat the first fruits
/ of a new season. Cp. eshwama.

Hlonga, v. Be quite destitute of anything
(ace), have absolutely nothing thereof,
quite out of or without it, as corn, cattle,
or goods of any kind -- is sometimes
used by Natives to express comparative
indigence, even when in actual posses-
sion of a small quantity = lambata.
Cp. ntula, swela [Chw. tloka].

Ex. 'ngisixe ngeniitonjana' . ' Ungafa! ngi-
yahkmga', 'help me with a little malt'.
' You might die ( before you will get any
from me)! I have absolutely none.'

kakayiloboli: uhlong'ixinkomo, he has not
yet lobohi'd her; he has no cattle.

um-Hlonga, n. 5. = nm-Hlwenga.

u(lu)- Hlonga, n. Two kinds of long grass
for thatching, somewhat resembling tam-
bootie; (C.N.) also i(li)-Pungandhlebe.

\(\\)-H\ongandU\ebe,n.= i(li)-Pungandhlebe.

kwa'HIongasibi, n. (C.N.) = kiva'Ntlonga-
sibi.

Hlongoza, v. Push on with talk or action
perversely, with obstinate persistency
(sometimes with i-nKani); bring up
rain (ace.) i. e. the rain-clouds, as the
heavens {i-Zulu).

ama-Hloni (no sing.), n. Shame (as shown
on the face), shyness, bashfulness ; mo-
desty, respectfulness (in behaviour) =
i-nTloni [Chw. li-thlong; MZT. in-soni;
Sag. Bo. soni; Her. o-honi; Ga. nsonzi].

HLO

Ex. umuntu ongena'mahloni, a shameless
person, indifferent as to breaches of modesty

or respect.

ufcu-kwelwa munition!, to become ashamed,
be overcome with shyness.

Hlonipa (Hlonipha), v. Show respect to,
have respect for, as for one's parents
or elderly persons (ace); do or act re-
spectfully, modestly, in one's behaviour
generally; cover the breasts by way of
modesty before certain classes of people
(ace), as women do according to pre-
scribed Native custom ; 'respect' i.e. avoid
mention of in conversation, certain words
(ace.) which contain the radical of the
name of certain persons to be so ' re-
spected', as women do according to pre-
scribed custom ; do, omit doing, etc., cer-
tain other things 'out of respect' for
certain persons, as women do [Her.
o-honi, shame; hona, crouch; Chw. li-
thlong, shame; Su. tlonepha, respect;
MZT. in-soni, shame; Sag. Bo. soni;
Ga. nsonzi].

P. kuhtonishwana kabili, it is respected
twice, on both sides, i. e. if you want others
to respect you, you also must respect them.

ihlonipa lapo ingayikwendela, she (a girl )
acts modestly also where she will not mar-
ry—said to a girl to teach her that the re-
spect to persons which she shows towards
the family of her future father-in-law, should
also be shown towards all others with whon
she has no counection.

AT.Z>. The practice of hlonipa is very wide-
ly distributed throughout the uncivilised
world, existing in different forms, not only
among nearly all African tribes, but also in
Australia, among the Caribs of Central-
America, and elsewhere.

Amoug the Zulus it touches mainly the
married women, although, as exceptional
cases, the men, or indeed the whole tribe
indiscriminately, may hlonipa the uame of
a renowned chief or ancestor, as, for instance,
the Zulus hlonipa' A the words i-mPande
(root) and i-nDhlela (path) owing to cer-
tain great individuals of their tribe having
been called u-Mpande and u-Ndhlela.

A married woman hlonipa's the names of
her father-in-law and all his brothers, the
ama-Kosana or elder among her brothers-in-
law, her mother-in-law and all other wives
of her father-in-law. Any word containing
the radical of such a name would be avoided
by her in speech and another word substi-
tuted for it. Thus, if one of these persons
were called u-Muti i Mr. Tree), not only will
this actual word for a tree' be disused and
the work um-Cakantshi substituted, but every
other word containing within it the particle
//, will be equally avoided. Thus, for uku-

HLO

256

HLO

tiba would be used uku-punga; for um-Ta-
kati. um-Ku/nkuli; for uku-nti, uku-riki, and

so on.

This practice naturally causes the speech
of the women to differ very considerably
from that of the men; indeed, were all the
hlonipa words placed together, they would
of themselves constitute quite a decent lan-
guage. For there are not only a very large
number of fixed ami distinct hhnipa word-,
Imt. by certain universally accepted rules of
transmutation, any word in the language
may he so changed in its prohibited particle
as to lose all identity with the 'respected'
name and so become itself a hhnipa word.
Thus, ahi8a may become axusa; or komba,
nomba.

The hlonipa of action is equally as rigor-
ous and far-reaching. All those persons
enumerated above as to be hlonipa'd by name,
are also to be hlonipa'd very considerably in
the daily actions of the woman. Thus, she
must ever cover the body, from breast and
-hi udder-blade downward, in their presence ;
she must not even look at them, nor be seen
by them, during the period of gubuxela q. v. ;
she must not eat in their presence, nor chew
any food while standing or walking outside
in their kraals, and so on. Although never
released from the hlonipa of speech, she may
1»' set free from the hlonipa of action by the
particular male group, or the particular wo-
men, each for their own party presenting her
with a goat or similar gift for the purpose
of ukw-ambula or 'uncovering' h.3r.

um-Hlonishwa, n. 5. Small shrub, having
a light blue flower, whose leaves are
burnt to ward off lightning.

isi-Hlonono, n. Tree-cricket, heard chir-
ruping loudly on trees in very hot
weather; another kind of ground-cricket
(Brachytrypes membranaceus), found
in small holes in sandy localities and
producing a deafening chirrup. Cp. um-
Nyezane.

.\'.B. The tree-cricket is supposed by the
Native- to cause the weather to be hot
(uku-banga Uanga), because it generally
makes itself heard when the sun is very
powerful; just as the Pondos say that trees
round a house bring the wind!

isi-H lonti (s.t.),n. Hair growing about a
man's chest, back, in the ears, etc.; also
itirHlanti.

i(li)-HI6ntlo (Hloontlo), n. Part of the fore-
head above the eyes which, in some
persons, runs sharply, in a triangular
fashion, into the hair on each side =
i(li)-Ntlontlo.

:si-Hlontlo (8.t.),n. Small herbaceous plant
of the euphorbia kind.

um-Hlontlo ($.t.),n.5. Large spreading
euphorbia {Euphor. grandidens) whose
milk is used as a specific for external
cancer (comp. i-nTlontlwane) ; (gen. in
plur. — imi-Hlontlo) details, particulars,
as in the narration of the course of any
occurrence or affair; symptoms, as in
the course of a disease.

Ex. walanda indhlontlo yendaba, she ( the

um-Ngoma) traced out the course or details
of the affair.

tis'ey'eqele eminye i millionth, he (the doc-
tor) has already cut off the progress of some
of the symptoms.

u(lu)-Hlontlo (Hloontlo), n. Spit or skewer
of locusts, pieces of meat, or fruit, **. e.
the spit together with what is spitted
thereon = u(lu)-Ntlontlo. Comp. u(lu)-
Hlomo.

Ex. ukwenxa uhhnth, to stick on one after
the other — generally used of a man in
battle stabbing several people successively.

um-Hlonyane, n. 5. Wormood {Artemisia
Afra), used as specific for stomach
complaints, fevers, and as an enema for
children; also beast slaughtered by the
father for a recently menstruated girl
(see i(li)-Tunga).

Hlonza, v. = hloza; also (C.N.) do a thing
(ace.) habitually, be in the habit of doing
it, be always doing, as a child any bad
habit, or a person being an unusually
frequent visitor at any kraal (= nanza,
naka); (C.N.) lead off with the track,
follow along the trail, as a dog following
a buck (ace. — comp. tungata); (C.N.) lead
in music or reed-playing (= hlaba; of
the second party vuma would be used);
(C.N.) = naka generally.

u(lu)-Hlonzane, n. Malignant malarial fe-
ver, as exists about Tongaland, etc., and
supposed to be caused by an umtakati;
certain fungus, supposed to give rise to
this disease when growing in a kraal =
i-Mbo.

N.B. Both the above words are not well
known even in the fever districts of Zulu-
land; whence it is possible that the expres-
sions are of Tonga origiu.

u(lu)-Hlonze, n. Thickness.

Ex. kunohhnxe, it is thick; kakunaVuhlo-
nxe, it is thin.

i(li)-Hlonzi (Hloonzi), n. = i(li)-Hlozi.

Hlonzinga, v. = hlozinga.

um-Hlonzo, n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Hlandhla.

um-Hlopekazi (Hlophekazi), n. 5. White

cow.

Hlosa, v. Be eagerly bent on doing some-
thing, used in perf. and followed by

HLO

257

HLU

uku); be bent on a person (ace), be re-
solved to get hold of him (gen. in a bad
sense), have the mind made up in his
regard (used in port'.), as an umtakati
to kill a person, a youth who has made
up his mind to win a certain girl (ace),
or to pay out somebody with whom he
has had a quarrel (= qonda); begin to
have breasts, as a girl ; begin to appear,
as the breasts themselves; treat a per-
son (ace.) for purulent ophthalmia or
granular lids (ace. = i-nTelo), extracting
from the eyes all the foreign bodies
i. e. grains of amabele, etc., etc., which
the umtakati who caused the disease, is
supposed to have introduced therein;
roast an unripe ear of amabele (ace.)
over the flame of a fire, then knock off
all the roasted grains into a pot and eat
them, as children formerly used to do
in the harvest-field, though the custom
is now objected to as causing a swelling
below the ears (see i-nTlosa); put forth
the twisted sheath-leaf eventually to con-
tain the ear, as an ama-bele plant (see
um-Qumbi); burn a person (ace.) by
poking him with a live firebrand (=
ukuti hlose) = sohla; sokohla.

Ex. ub'ttrrle wamhlosa, you hud niiide up
your mind for him from the start {i.e. to do
him this ill).

tufihlose uknhamba narnhla, 1 am bent
upon going to-day.

■uyamhlosa intelo, he is treating him for an
intelo (most commonly ophthalmia of the eyes).

i(li)-Hlosa, n. Kind of Kafir-corn having
black-husked and large sized grains;
kind of tall growing imfe with an ear
resembling the aforesaid.

isi-Hlosa, n. Veldt-plant, having a raceme
of tiny white flowerlets, and used as a
specific for ophthalmia and similar eye-
diseases.

Hlosana fperf. hlosene),v. Turn sour, as
beer or milk from excessive heat (comp.
ukuti hli); impede one another as to
growth, movement, etc., by being too
compressed, cribbed, confined together,
as mealies in a field or sleepers in a hut
(used in perf.). Cp. minyana.

Hlose, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Burn a person
(ace.) by touching or poking him with
a hot or flaming thing, as a firebrand
(= hlosa ) ; penetrate or pierce into deep-
ly, as a thorn or assegai into the flesh ;
make so penetrate deeply, thrust deeply
into, as any sharp instrument (ace. =
ukuti bijc); finish off, make a clean
sweep of, as fire of a country (ace),
cattle a field, or an impi the enemy
(= ukuti buqe ) == ukuti sohle.

um-Hloshazana, n. 5. Small white heifer.

i(li)-Hlosi, n. Variety of leopard, said to
be larger than the i-nGive and with the
spots forming a complete circle, not
open as those of the latter, and having
a dot in the centre — others asserting
that the difference is merely from envi-
ronment — i(li)-Sohli.

Hlosu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Remove by a
slight forcible tearing movement; hence,
tear off or away, as a person might
when nipping off a piece of skin (ace)
from the body, or when pulling off a
green switch at the point where the
skinny bark still clings to the tree, or
when pulling off one portion of a string
of worsted, or of rotten paper, from the
other = hlosula, cosula, yosula; get so
torn off = hlosuka, cosuka, yosuka. Cp.
hlosuluza.

Hlosuka (s.k.),v. = ukuti hlosu, cosuka,
yosuka. **

Hlosula, v. = ukuti hlosu, cosula, yosula.

Hlosuluza, v. Tear or strip forcibly off
(action more intensive and extensive
than ukuti hlosu ), as any skin-like cover-
ing (ace) of a thing when firmly adhering
and requiring pulling, a green bough
from a tree-trunk when demanding some
force, or (metaphor.) a child from its
mother (with ku), as an umtakati might
by killing it = ukuti hlosuluzi; sohlu-
luza.

Hlosuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlosuluza.

Hloza, v. Look about for, endeavour to
obtain by seeking, as money (ace) among
one's friends to pay the hut-tax, or any
necessary thing required for any special
purpose = hlonza.

Ex. bengisahloxa lolo 'luhlamvu, I was still
trying to get that piece of money (so as to
make up the full amount of my debt).

unina uhlozela abantabake ukudhla, the
mother is looking for food for her children
( i. e. visiting this and that kraal in search
thereof).

u(lu)-Hloza, n. Veldt-herb whose pods and
leaves are eaten.

i(li)-Hlozi (Hloozi), n. Dark, thickly over-
grown spot in a bush or copse with a
dense-matting of creepers and branches
overhead; white-flowering bush, used
medicinally for a cold in the head, etc.

Hlozinga, v. Keep eyes on a person (ace),
keep a sharp look-out on him (not in
order to know his character = qwasha )
but to catch him in the act or trap him
= hlonzinga.

u(lu)-Hlu, /?. Single line (whether straight,

HLU

as a row; or circular, as a ring), e.g.
a line of print in a book, a row of trees
in a garden, a file- of soldiers standing
mot a train = i(li)-Hele); or as a wave-
ring on the sni face of a pond, seats in
the pit of a theatre, or a single coil of
a snake when sleeping, or cotton on a
reel [Sw. mfuo, line; MZT. hi-sa\.

Kx. hiyoka. uma ilele, iyashaya ixintlu, a
-nuke when it sleeps, makes rings {i.e. coils
itself in rinj

Hluba, v. Peel, as soft bark (ace.) from a
nee or peel from an orange, or as the
orange (ace.) or tree itself; strip, as the
rough outer-leaves (ace.) from imfe or
thatching-grass, or as the imfe or grass
itself (acc.); throw off the dry peelings
of skin, as a person's body after certain
skin deseases and eruptions; moult,
change coats, as a bird, horse, etc. ; clear
up, become clear, as a sky (i-zulu) that
has been cloudy (= civetula); strip off
i. e. get off or finish, any long stretch
of work, as of hoeing fields (acc.) or
covering a distance when travelling [Sw.
eh una, skin; Her. puhura].

Phr. ixwe walishaya walihluba ngejubane,
he peeled off the country ( i. e. got clear of
it. got it off) iu great speed.

uyaxihluba isitunxi ngokwenxa njalo, you
are stripping off (i.e. destroying) from your-
self your shadow (i.e. good name, respecta-
bility) by so doing.

inkomo (nmuntu, etc.) ihlubele ntlanye o-
kiresitupa sonwabu for ihlubele ntlanye okwe-
langa las'ebusika), the cow (person, etc.),
has peeled off towards one side like a cha-
meleon's thumb (or like the sun iu winter,
when it seems to go down towards one side,
«>wing to the change of the ecliptic) — said
of a boy, ox, etc. of an unsociable nature,
who slinks off and away from the others.

Hlubu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = hlubuka; hlu-
bula.

isi-Hlubu, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

Hlubuka (s. k.),v. Get stripped of its peel-
like covering, as a mealie-cob when the
covering spathesare removed; get strip-
ped off, as the spathes when removed
from a mealie-cob; get to sever one's
connection with, forsake, abandon, as a
man his chief (acc. or ku = gela; cp.
I, a /it/ oka); desert from, leave in the
lurch, escape or slip away from, as an
absconding servant from his master

. or ku), a prisoner from his guard,
or a eat out of a person's hands (comp.
punyuka; hlamuka); go back on one's
promise to or agreement with a person
(acc. or ku = gwenguka); get uncov-

1, come out, as the sun from amidst

258 HLU

the clouds when the sky is clearing up
= ukuti hlubu.

Ex. ngihlubukile itshe exwaneni, I have
got the skin taken off my toe by a stone.

selihlubukile (ilanga), it (the sun) has
now come out (on a cloudy day).

i(li)-Hlubuka (s.k.),n. One who abandons
his former chief or party, turn-coat,
rebel. See hlubuka.
Hlubula, v. Strip of its peel-like covering,
as a mealie-cob (acc.) of the spathes
covering it or a person of his clothes;
strip off, as the spathes (acc.) from a
mealie-cob or clothes off a person ; make
sever one's connection with, forsake, or
abandon, as a man (acc.) his chief or
party (with ku); make or cause to de-
sert, escape from, "as a servant (acc.)
from his master, or prisoner from his
guard (see punyula); make a person
(acc.) go back on his promise or agree-
ment (loc. — gwengula); uncover, make
come out, as the sky the sun (acc.) when
hidden by clouds; get off, get through,
clear off,' any long stretch of work to
be done, as of fields (acc.) to be hoed,
or of country (acc.) to be covered when
travelling = ukuti hlubu [Her. puhura,
strip; Sw. tup a, abandon; chuna, strip].

Ex. ngisihlubule isikwebu amakasi, I have
stripped the mealie-cob of its leaves.

sebetvate hlubu for sebewahlubule) amasi-
mu, they have now cleared off the fields
(i.e. the work on them).

waliti hlubu ixwe, it (the um-lilo or fire)
burnt off the whole country.

ngihlutshulwe itshe exwancni, I have been
stripped (of the skin) on the toe by a stone.

ixwe walishaya walihlubula ngejubane, he
cleared off the country, got over it, at a
great speed.
um-Hlubulo, n. 5. Ribs of meat (the flesh
lying over the ribs on the outside =
i-nTsonyama); flank or side generally,
of man or beast (= u(lu)-Hlangoti,
u(lu)-Guba).

N.B. Just as the i-nTsonyama of any
beast slaughtered is the perquisite of the
chief hut in the kraal, so one of the imi-
Rlubulo goes by right to the i-kohlwa hut,
the other going to the assembled wives of
the kraal.
Hlubulula, v. Strip or peel off, strip or
peel back, as any thin skin (acc.) or
membrane, like the eyelid or the spathes
on a mealie-cob = hlubula.
Hlubuyela, v. Tie a string (acc.) with a
slip-knot. See i-nTlubuyeli; i(li)-Findo.

Hlubuza, v. = hlibiza.
isi-Hlubuza, n. — isi-Hlibixa.

HLU

259

HLU

um-Hluhluwe, n. 5. Thick woody forest
climber, armed with formidable thorns,
and a piece of which is worn round the
neck by a man who has killed another,
as a charm against evil consequences;
spur, on a cock's leg.

Hluku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = hlukuza.

isi-Hluku (a.kXn. Grudge, ill-will (C.N.
fr. Xo.).

Hlukuhla (s.k.), v. Eat food for the first
time in the day, or after a long hunger
= xuba. Cp. qabula, sulci.

Hlukuluza (s. k.), v. Give a person (ace.)
an angry push or thrust with the hand,
finger, elbow, or stick, so as to stagger
him, as when in angry altercation ; push
angrily or roughly by a person (ace.)
so as to shake him = hhikumeza, ukuti
hlukuluzi.

Hlukuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hlukuluza.

Hlukumeza (s.k.), v. Deal a person (ace.)
an angry staggering push or thrust, as
above (= hlukuluza) ; give him a shock,
shake him, make him feel uncomfortable
with offensive, irritating language or
scolding [Sw. sukumiza, push annoying-
ly; Her. huka, kurungisa, shake].

Hlukuza (s.k.), v. Shake or toss aboul, as
a wagon a person (ace.) travelling there-
in, or a person the sour-milk calabash
(ace.) before pouring, or the amasi
therein contained = ukuti hluku [Her.
huka, pukumuna, shake; Sw. pukusa,
shake off].

i(li)-Hlukuzo for diminutive i(U)- Hluku -
zwana; s.k.), n. Bunch {i.e. hanging
cluster or small compact dangling mass
of small bodies ), as of grapes or other
berries, or beads (comp. isi-Swenya;
Ui-Hleke); 'bunch' or knot of people or
cattle (seei(li)-Viyo) [Sw.fungu, bunch;
kundi, cluster; Her. e.-punda, bunch].

i(li)-Hlukwe (s.k.),n. Fruit of the arum-
lily, eaten in time of famine = i(li)-Tebe.

u-Hlule, n. Person wanting in 'attractive-
ness' of appearance, whose features
are of a common-place, ' insipid ' nature,
neither nice-looking nor yet decidedly
ugly ; a cold-featured, wishy-washy look-
ing individual = um-Vitane. See i(li)-
Hlule; lata.

i(li)-Hlule, n. Clot of blood, gore, as found
in the arteries and heart after death;
imperfectly formed foetus, as in abor-
tion; 'blood' of a person, expressing
his bodily appearance (only in phrase
below ).

Phr. uMtotonga uhlule for uVihluh), ngoba
ihlule lake linye, Mtotonga is an uhlule, be-

cause his blood is one clot or coagulation,
is thick, i. e. there seems to be a lack of
' takingness ', attractiveness about his looks
(which might Otherwise have been good).

i(li)-Hlule-lemamba (lemambha), n. Veldt-
plant having large umbel of pink flow-
erlets on a single stalk, and whose
tubers, mixed with um-Kuhlu bark, are
used as a drastic purgative.

ama-Hluluhlulu (no sing.), n. Semi-liquid
food of any kind, iii which the ingre-
dients form into disconnected lumps
and water so as to become 'watery', as
pumpkin and mealie mash, ububende,
porridge, etc. = ama-Hlaluhlalu, izi-
nThvengela.

Hlulula, v. = bandhlulula.

Hluma, v. Return to vegetable activity,
grow anew, shoot or sprout afresh, as
plants, grass, etc., does in the spring-
time throwing out new branchlets, or a
felled tree (or one still alive) shooting
again at the bottom, or a mabele-stalk
sprouting anew, or the finger-nails grow-
ing again (not used of a seed sprout-
ing for the first time from the soil =
mila); used for 'bearing children', as
below
made

, change one's mind, after having
some previous arrangement or
agreement [Skr. su, beget; Her. nyo-
moka, sprout].

Ex. indhlu yake ihlumile, her hut has
grown, has a plentiful offspring.

waxthlumisa, he made himself grow I by
giving birth to children).

ruvmhla us'ehlwnile, he has to-day now
changed his mind.

um- Hluma, n. 5. Tree (Rhizophora mucro-
nata) growing in water along the coast,
somewhat like the mangrove, and having
an astringent bark; castrated calf, lamb,
or young goat (called resp. i-nKabi, and
um-Toridolo when full grown).

Hlumba (Hlumbha),v. Refuse to be a
success with i. e. to flourish for a per-
son (ace), as a man's offspring (nom.)
when it persistently dies, or his cattle
similarly, or his fields when they are
continuously a failure.

Ex. kana'banttmna, uhlunjwa nttalo, he
has no children, he is refused for by any off-
spring (i. e. he is an utter failure in regard
thereto).

um-Hlumbulu (Hlumbhulu), n. 5. Person
without anything, whose children, wives,
cattle, or fields, are an utter failure;
hence, poor, poverty-stricken individual.
See hlumba. Comp. um-Pangqolo.

i(li)-Hlumela, n. Fresh, young shoot, as of
a tree when sending forth in spring new

17

HLU

260

HLU

sprouts along its trunk or branches, or
of a felled tree when coming up again
from the roots = um-Xantela. See hlu-
ma. Cp. i(li)-Rrume.
Hlumelela, v. Give new vigour to, new
life, now spirit, as a person to his bodily
strength (accl by taking food (with nga),
or to a man (ace.) in need by giving him
a boast or whatever is needful to get
him out of his helpless condition, or to
the children (ace.) of a deceased man as
.loos his brother by raising up further
offspring for them through their mothers
(see ngena).

Ex. ake wjidhle, ngihlumelele amandhla, let
me eat, that I may renew my strength.

inn fax i wahlumelela nmntanake, the wo-
man gave new strength to her child (which
might mean that, after her husband's death,
?he had a girl-child through another man,
which girl, she having not been lobola'd,
would now be claimed by her boy through
her first husband, by whom she had no girls;
that this boy, in being now presented
by his mother with a sister, is given uew
-trength, eto.i

Hlunama, v. Have an angry, surly, morose
countenance, as one put out about some-
thing (used in perf.) = sinama [Her.
yumana, be morose].

Hlunga, v. Clear, clean, or sift a thing
(ace.) i. e. remove or bring out therefrom
the coarse or refuse parts from the fine
and useful, as a bundle of thatching-

iss (ace.) b}' holding it in one hand
and beating it with the other so that the
disconnected rubbish (ace.) fall out, or
a quantity of Kafir-corn (ace.) by
shaking it about in a basket and so
bringing up the empty husks (ace), or
as snuff (ace.) by sifting it through a
sieve (= hlenga); take out from the
ordinary of its kind by charms or me-
dicines, make different (in good or bad

ise), as an umtakati might a man
(ace) by causing him to develop new
and extraordinary ways, as by develop-
ing insanity, or the thieving mania; or
as one might his dog (ace.) by giving
it unusual hunting faculties by medicines
(— eitisa, hlakahlisa) = hlungula [Sw.
chunga, sift; Bo. sungd\.

i(li)-Hlungu, n. Part of the veldt where the
ha- been lately burnt off, whether
be still black or already green with
Dew 'jrass. Cp. i(li)-Shakwindhla.
isi-Hlungu, n. Venom of a snake (= ubu-
Hlungu)] antidote for same (= isi-Bi-
ba)', nettle-rash (urticaria) with swollen
patches (— ama-Kekeba) supposedly
caused by some internal poison (= isi-

Hlungu); medicine supposed to cause
that anything struck by a man who
takes it, shall experience unusual pain
or ill-effects, as though it had been bit-
ten by a snake; such pain or ill-effects
caused [akin to ubu-Hlungu],
ubu-Hlungu, n. Pain, of any kind (see
tshutshumba, futa, nkenketa, qaqamba,
um-Njunjti) ; venom of a snake (= isi-
Hlungu) [Gr. algos, pain; Sw. uchungu,
pain ; sumu, poison ; Bo. utungu, pain ;
Ga. lusungu, poison for arrows; Her.
e-zuvo, snake-poison].

Ex. ukipa amazwi a'buhlungu, you put
forth i.e. talk, painful words.

ikanda li'buhlungu, my head is painful

i. e. I have a pain in the head, whether

from a wound or headache = ngi'buhlungu

ikanda.

u-Hlunguhloshane,w. = u-Hlanguhloshane.

u(lu)-Hlunguhlungu, n. Small veldt-shrub
( Vernonia corymbosa ), used for stom-
ach-ache, and also to procure abortion.

ubu-Hlunguhlwange, n. Grey-leafed bush.

Hlungula, v. = hlunga.

i(li)-Hlungulu, n. = i(li)-Hubulu [Sw. ku-
nguru, crow].

ubu-Hlungwana, n. Veldt-plant, having yel-
low flowers, and used as an emetic for
biliousness.

Hlupa (Hlupha), v. Afflict, generally and
in any sense; hence, torment, harass,
annoy, as one boy another (ace); per-
secute, treat with systematic harshness
or inconsiderateness, as a tyrannous
chief his subjects; worry, trouble, as an
importunate person or unpleasant af-
fairs; bother, be troublesome to, as an
unruly ox or a machine always getting
out of order; grieve, cause mental pain,
as a bad boy his parents [Sw. sumbua,
worry].

isi-Hlupe (Hluphe), n. Small soft feather,
as of the down (= i(li)-Qubu) of a bird
or from the head of a fowl; (in plur.)
soft hairs or fur, as of a rabbit or cat
(comp. isi-Boya, i-mBunga).

Hlupeka (Hlupheka), v. Get or be afflicted,
troubled, treated hardly, worried, bo-
thered, grieved, or in any state causing
misery, unhappiness, pain, and the like
( gen. used in pres. progressive or
perf.); hence, suffer [Sw. sunbuka, get
worried].

Ex. bayahlupeka, they have hard-times,
have much to suffer.

u(lu)-Hlupo (Hlupho), n. Action or habit
of afflicting, troubling, harshly treating,
worrying, bothering, grieving, other
people.

HLU

Ex. uCetshwayo way'engaaafandwa, way'e-
s'enoklupo olukula, Oetshwayo was no longer
liked; he was already very persecuting,
harsh, worrying (to the people).

Hlusa, v. •= ahlukanisa; (C.N.) bother,
worry by importunity.

Hlusana, v. Bother one another by impor-
tunity ; interfere with one another, im-
pede one another's growth, as when
mealies, etc., are too thickly planted
(C.N.) — hlosana.

Hlusu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = ukuti hlosu.

Hlusuka (s.k.),v. = hlosuka.

Hlusula, v. = hlosula.

Hluta (Hlutha),v. Pick or pluck out or
off (with the fingers), as prickles (ace.)
from one's clothes, feathers from a fowl,
or hair from the private parts of the
body = quta. Comp. yotuza; hlutula.

isi-Hlutandhlebe (Hluthandhlebe), n. (N.)
= i(li)-Lulwane.

Hlutu, ukuti (Hluthu, ukuthi), v. = hlutu-
ka; hlutula.

isi- Hlutu (Hluthu), n. Hair of a young
man or girl when grown in a long-
thick mass.

Phr. uku-ngena indaba ngesihlutu, to thrust
oneself into a matter or dispute uninvited,
without any business therewith or under-
standing thereof. See u-Mafikayihlahlele.

Hlutuka (Hluthuka), v. Get forcibly pluck-
ed, pulled or torn off, out, or up ( by
the hand ), as a bunch of grass or weeds
from the earth, or a piece of tough meat
from other held between the teeth ; have
the hair 'plucked out' (or apparently
so, even though actually 'rubbed or
scraped off) from any part of its skin,
as an ox or skin (used in perf. — comp.
qotuka); get pulled along forcibly, as
a person's heart (intliziyo) i. e. feel a
sudden impulse to do, act under a sud-
den impulse, as when hastily getting
up and striking a person, or going off
anywhere = qutuka.

Ex. intliziyo yati hlutu (or yahlutukaj,
yati angimshaye, my heart gave a pull (or
sudden impulse), that I should strike him.

P. ukux'ubonc inqe lililutuke intamo (or
inyoni ihlutuke isisila) njengami nje? that
you should come to see a vulture with its
neck plucked (or a bird with its tail plucked)
just as I — word expressing one's utter
misery, and spoken as a pathetie reproach
to a person who is deriding him.

ama-Hlutuhlutu (Hluthuhhdhu — no sing.,),
n. Roots, weeds and the like, merely
' pulled ' not dug out by the hoe, during
the process of centa or lima q. v.

261 HLU

isi-Hlutuhlutu (Hluthu hluthu), n. Quick-
tempered person who readily fires up
into a pet or passion ; such quick-tem-
per. See i-nTliziyo.

ubu-Hlutuhlutu ( Hluthuhluthu), n. Quick-
tempered, passionate manner of action.

Hlutula (Hluthula), v. Pluck forcibly, pull
or tear up, or out (by the hand), as a
bunch of grass or weeds (ace.) from the
soil (comp. pa), or a piece of tough
meat from other held between the teeth
(comp. hembuna); pull a person (ace.)
to pieces by violently abusing him right
and left = qutula [Sw. futua, pluck].

Ex. abatakati bamuti hlutu ('or bamhlutula)
umntwana ku'nina, the abatakati have torn
the child from its mother *. e. have killed it.

Hlutulela (Hluthulela), v. Lock, as a door
or box (ace.) [D. sleutelen].

isi-Hlutulelo (Hluthulelo), n. Key ; lock [D.].

Hlutuza (Hluthuza), v Pluck, snatch or
pull a thing away, as any article (ace.)
out of another person's hands when in
a pet (comp bubuza, pubuza); act in a
quick-tempered, violently hasty manner
(see isi-Hlutuhlutu); just pull at weeds,
etc., with the hoe, not digging them out
properly, i. e. do hoeing work — centa
and lima q. v. in a hasty, careless,
' scamping ' way, leaving half of the
weed still remaining in the ground
(see ama-Hlutuhlutu).

Hluza, v. Strain, as u-Tshtvala through a
plaited basket-strainer (i-Hluzo = vova;
comp. keta); go lame (more generally
hluzela); cause to get less or reduced
(in size, number, quantity, etc.), as a
large number of children the food sup-
ply (ace.) or sickness a person's body
(comp. ncipisa) [Sw. chuja, strain;
shusha, lessen].

i(li)-Hluze, n. = um-Gxamu.

Hluzeka (s.k.),v. Get less or reduced (in
size, bulk, number, quantity, etc.), as a
person's body through sickness, a family
or one's stock through disease. Comp.
ncipa.

Hluzela, v. Go or walk lamely, as a man
with a painful leg or a thorn in his
foot = xuga, quia.

isi-Hluzi, n. Muscular part of fore-arm or
fore-leg in man or beast, calf of leg
(see isi-Hluzu); cord by which calves
are tied up (= isi-Singa) (C.N.).

um-Hluzi,n. 5. Water in which meat has
been boiled; hence, meat-broth, meat-
gravy; (no plur.) large and small kind
of transparent amber-coloured bead or
beads [Pers. khurdi, broth; Sw. mehi/zi,
meat-broth; MZT. mu-sinza].

HLU
u(lu)-Hluzi, n. (N.) = UrMantehu.
i(li)-Hluzo, 7i. Long narrow sack woven
of i-lala leaves <>r grass, and used for
Btraining urtekwala. See i(li)-Keto.

Hluzu, ukuti (ukutki), >\ = hluzuka; hlu-

zuln.

i(li)-Hluzu, n. Knot or protuberance on
the trunk of a tree, post, or stick (=
i(li)-Puzit, i(li)-Quzu ) ; hip-bone (os in-
nomin<Uum)s or meat attached thereto,
as seen protruding on each side of a
beast (sometimes called the i(li)-Hli<zit

tinge, the protuberance of the hind-
quarters. Cp. i(U)-Tebe)', 'protuberant'
calf of the leg (from prominent muscular
development), or buttock (when project-
ing) (— isiHlueu. Comp. isi-Tumbu).

Ex. uBani kana'mahluxu, So-and-so has
no •protuberances' (behind i.e. has no but-
tocks).

isi- Hluzu, n. = i(lij- Hluzu. Comp. isi-Tu-
mbu.

Hluzuka (s.k.),v. Get torn, dragged, or
scraped off, as a young branch from a
tree or the skin from a person's bod}'
when scraping against something ; have
the skin so scraped off, as the person
or his body (used in perf.). Comp. qu-
suka; hazuka.

Hluzula.r. Tear, drag, or scrape off, as
a man the young branch (ace.) from a
tree, or a stone the skin from a person's
toe or leg. Comp. quzula; huzula.

Hiuzuleka (s.k.),v. = hluzuka.

Hlwa, r. Become dark, after evening dusk
(see Invelela) or from solar eclipse; be
"i- become black, as the sky (i-zulu)
from storm-clouds (used in pert'.); be-
come dark (mentally) for a person (with
kit, or el a form with ace), putting him
all in a maze. Comp. hivelela. fSw. eusi.
black].

Ex. kusihlwa, in the evening, this evening
anywhere between dark and bed-time,
at about nine,. See pexolo.

uma sekuhlunle, alter dark in the evening.
telihlteile lapa-ya, it ithe sky- i- now black
'with heavy rain-clouds) over* there.

uNdnndu kusahlurile Jcuye, with Ndundu
it i- -» t i 1 1 dark i.e. she has not yet reached
the age of reason.

welioa sisekude nekaya, we were over-

rr"; - while still fur from home.

e kwahlwa rye kimi, it just came

r quite dark for me i.e. I was utterly

ildered, all in a maze = kwasimxe kwa-

imxe ngahlwelwa nje.

■I" 'i etnmi, it is said that it

dark during 'lav-time i.e. there was a

ir eeljpjje.

262 HLW

isi -Hlwa, n. Species of long grass growing
in wet soil; swarm of children (lit. a
white-ant's nest) born by one man (onlv
used as below in vulgar abuse). Cp.
u(lu)-Huludwane.

Ex. uBani uxale isihlwa, uxalise okwempu-
ku yesiwa (or okwempuku yobofu), So-and-so
has generated a perfect ant's-nest or swarm ;
he has begotten like a mouse of the preci-
pice (or a stench-mouse j.

umu-Hlwa (no plur.J, n. 5. Species of ter-
mite, or termites (commonly called white-
ants, and chiefly applied to the 'soldiers'
and ' workers ' thereof — see isi-Hlwana,
i(li)-Hlwabusi, i-nTlwabusi); also (N.)
= isi-Hhva [Sw. mchwa; Bo. mswa;
Her. o-hua].

u(lu)-Hlwa, n. Person utterly destitute, as
of cattle, wives, children, or even cloth-
ing (i.e. stark-naked) == i-nThva.

Hlwabula, v. Chew particles of food left
in the teeth, etc., after eating, as when
clearing the mouth (comp. nambita);
chew the cud, as a cow (comp. etshisa;
um-Swani). Cp. ncamuza.

Hlwabusa, v. Be nice or pleasant to eat
(lit. make one go on chewing particles
after the eating) == rrabusa. Cp. rrasa.

i(li)-Hlwabusi, n. Species of termite or
white-ant (gen. in the bush-country) in
the flying state, and of a larger size,
darker colour, and less delicate flavour
than the i-nThoabusi q. v.

Hlwahlwazela.v. = (N) = hlohlozela.

um-Hlwakele (s.k.),n.5. Large forest tree
in coast districts, having a hard whitish
wood.

isi-Hlwana (no phir.), n. Species of white-
ant, smaller and less destructive than
the termites or umu-Hlwa, from which
it is quite distinct.

Hlwanyela, v. Sow (by scattering the seed
— comp. tshala, gaba); spread about,
carry about, reports (ace.) = hlwayela
[Sw. tawanya, scatter; Her. handy aura].

Hlwase, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Shut up, stop up
closely or completely, as a hole (ace.) in
anything, a doorway, or bottle = ukuti
swahla.

Ex. umutc hlwase esweni, he bunged up
his eye for him i. e. gave him a blow which
caused the eye to swell so as not to be
openable.

i(li)-Hlwasisi, n. Black flying insect (C.N.).
Cp. i-niBongolwana.

Hlwati, ukuti (Hlwathi, ukuthi),v. = hlwa-
tiza.

isi- Hlwati (Hlwathi), n. Momentary un-
consciousness, as when stunned* by a

HLWA

263

HO

blow, or when dozing between sleep and
wakefulness = isi-Tulu. Comp. isi-Hla-
m,bi. See. hlwatiza.

Ex. watola for wulala) isihhvati, he got
(or he laid) stunned or iu a doze.

um-Hlwati (Hhvathi), n. 5. Tree resembling
the um-Nqumo and used for making
knobkerries.

u(lu)-Hlwati (Hhvathi), 7i. Short single
stump of a grass-stalk sticking out of
the soil after the grass has been burnt
off, and sharp to the feet when walked
upon.

Hlwatiza (Hlwathiza), v. Doze off, as when
sitting quiet (not take a nap = isi-Hla-
mbi); get stunned, as bjr a blow; fall
down, drop, as one stunned, or as a
bird alighting suddenly; die suddenly
or unexpectedly (=poboleka); 'drop off
or die generally (= ukuti hhvati ) ; walk
where there is no path, through the
grass, etc. (— ntlantlata ) [Sw. fathaisha,
stun].

Hlwaya, v. Search or look about carefully
for, as bucks (ace.) when hunting, or
medicinal herbs on the veldt = hwaya.

Hlwayela, v. = hlwanyela.

u(lu)-Hlwayi, n. Buck-shot or other similar
small shot (for bullet = i-nTlamvu); also
the Zulu regiment um-Xapo.

um-Hlwazi, n. 5. Thin-bodied harmless
snake, of green colour spotted on the
upper half with black, regarded as the
i-dhlozi of a child, or man of no import-
ance (comp. i-Nyandezulu, ti-Mabibini) ;
another large brown and non-poisonous
snake, also an i-dhlozi (= um-Senene);
plant, Bushman's Tea (Phylica spec),
whose aromatic roots are hawked about
as medicine 'good for the stomach' giv-
ing appetite, etc.

um-Hlwazimamba (Hlivazimambha), n. 5.
Large dark-coloured non-poisonous snake
with three stripes along the back and
white under-parts ; certain forest climber,
used as i-nTelezi, also for striking a bull
so that the itching irritation may cause
it to mount.

um-Hlwehlwe, n. 5. = (C.N.) = um-Hlehlo.

Hlwenga, v. Separate off, throw off, dis-
charge the liquid, as any mixture might
the water (ace.) combined with it, upon
settling; or as mixed paint when it
makes the oil (ace.) rise after standing ;
or as a person's eyes making rise the
tears (ace.) when filling with them (=
eweba, cwenga).

Ex. amasi as'chhvenge umlaxa, the curds
have separated off the whey.

ungasimxe uvule umlomo, amehlo ake ab'e-

s'ehlwenga for eweba or cwenga) imyembexd,
you need only open your mouth (at him ,
when his eyes will fill with tears.

um-Hlwenga, n. 5. Mane, as of a horse,
pig, lion, etc. = um-Hlonga [Her. oniu-
renge].

Phr. utwele umhlwenga for uxakumila
umhlwenga ekanda), he carries a mane (or
he will grow a mane on his head] i.e. he
is, or will becoine, stuck up, conceited, ar-
rogant.

uku-rusa umhlwenga, to get the mane up,
or make a person (ace.) get the mane up,
i. c. work oneself up into an excited state (as
a witchdoctor), or to excite anger in another.

u(lu)-Hlweza (collective), n. Number or
quantity of anything of the same kind
collected or separated off from an
original mixed mass, as utshwala (not
in the mixed state in the barrel) but
now strained free from the dregs for
drinking, or amabele as thrashed and
sifted grain ( i. e. separated from the
ears and husks), or as the collection
of cows, calves, etc., belonging to one
man when drawn off together, or as the
shillings when sorted out alone from a
mixed heap of money (comp. umu-Hu);
plur. izi-Hlweza, or izi-nTlweza, separated
shower-clouds bringing their rain not
continuously, but in different showers;
such separate rainings or showers ; eyes
of a person when of a tearful, sad-looking
nature (— i-nThmgunyembe).

Ex. ixulu seli ixihlwexa for liyana ixi-
hlwexa) the sky is now sorted off into show-
ers or shower-clouds ( or is raining piece-wise,
in separated showers).

amehlo ake a'xihlwexa, his eyes are sad-
looking, tearful, like two shower-clouds.

isi-Hlwihlwihlwi, n. Any food-stuff when
very sour, as amasi, beer, etc. (C.N.).
Comp. ukuti hli; hlosana.

Hlwipilizi, ukuti (Hlwiphilizi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti hivipilizi.

Hlwisana, v. Be very dark, as clouds be-
fore a storm (C.N.).

Hlwita (Hhvitha),v. Snatch away, seize
and take off by a quick sudden move-
ment, as a hawk a fowl (ace.) or a per-
son the blanket from another = ukuti
hlwiti. See isi-Hlwiti. Comp. hwita;
hlasiza, makula; xula.

isi-Hlwitandhlebe (Hlwithnndhlebe), n.
(C.N.). = i(li)-Luhvane.

isi-Hlwiti (Hhvithi), n. A snatching away ;
a quick, sudden seizure and off (with
uku-tata). Comp. hlwita.

Ho, ukuti (Hho, ukuthi — the vowrel is pro-
longed), v. Be blazing hot, as the sun

HO

264

HO

<>r the heat of a great tire; make up a
great 'blazingly hot' fire (ace); pile up
the firewood *(acc.) so as to make a
•blazingly hot ' fire = hola, ukuti ga,
ukuti garret.
Ho, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make a subdued in-
distincl rumble or rustle, as a number
ol people heard singing in the distance,
or a river heard rushing over the rocks,
or foiling over a cataract, or mealies or
water when being poured out in quantity
= hoza; ukuti ha, haza.

Ex. auungitele ho lapa, just make it (the
water i rumble Cor me here (i.e. pour it out
for me here |.

isi-Ho (with plur.), n. Single wafting to-
wards one of a distant rumbling or
rushing sound, as of a number of people
singing, a waterfall, or 7-iver running
among rocks.

Phr. uku-m-tcla ngesilio umuntii, to utter
a cry of loud reproval at a person, as when
he says something shockingly improper or
untrue.

Hoba, v. Grind grain (ace.) very coarsely
(= gqakaza) ; be in an alarmed, mental-
ly disturbed state, as a man from ap-
prehension of evil, a startling report, or
consciousness of guilt of some crime
(used in perf.); be in a physically dis-
turbed state with an 'alarmed' unusual
look, hair standing, etc., as an ox when
exhibiting the first symptons of an on-
coming disease (used in perf.) [Sw. ho-
f'isliti, startle; hofu, alarm].

Hobanai\ Present a wizened, numbed,
'alarmed', appearance, as the body of a
person or an ox (with the hair stand-
ing, etc.) when showing the first symp-
toms of some serious constitutional de-
rangement, or from cold; be depressed,
out of sorts mentally (entliziyweni), as
from grief (used in perf.) = hoshobala,
konkobala, koshobala; cp. sinaba.

i(li)-Hobe (Hoobe),n. Man destitute of
•rittle. Comp. i-mPundhle, um-Hlalaqa,
(itn-l'<t iKjqolo, etc.

i(li)-Hobe (Hobhe),n. Generic name ap-
plied to certain birds of the dove
type, as below, given to eating grain
from the fields and scared away by the
cry 'hobe.1' (see hobeza): — the i(li)-Ju-
ba. I. (Rock Pigeon); the i(li)-Vukutu
(Speckled Pigeon); the i(li)-Juba II.
and 777. (Collared Turtle Dove, and
Lesser Collared Turtle Dove); light-blue
bead larger than the i(li)-Juba.

The dove, when it coos, is supposed
'a'mdokwe, avutvwe! a'mdokwe, aour
'" it (the amabeie) is reddening, it is
ripeDed !

ubu-Hobe, n. (N) = u(lu)-Putu.

Hobeka (s.k.), v. Get in an alarmed, mentally
or physically disturbed, state (used in
perf.) — see hoba.

i(li)-Hobela (Hobhela), n. Deep-set eye =
isi-Gobe, um-Holo.

Hobeza (Hobheza), v. Scare away doves
from the fields by the cry hobe! See
i(li)-Hobe.

Hobo, ukuti (Hobho, ukuthi), v. = hoboza;
hoboka; ukuti habu.

i(li)-Hobo (Hooho),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Hobe.

isi-Hobo (Hobho), n. = isi-Habuza; wi-

Galagala.
Hoboka (Hobhoka), v. = habuka.

isi-Hobolo (Hobholo), n. Broad, deep ra-
vine, running down between two hill-
slopes. Cp. um-Hohoba.

um-Hobolo (Hobholo), n. 5. = um-Ngaba-
zane.

i(li)-Hobosha, n. Puff-adder (= i(li)-Bu-
lulu); variety of pumpkin having a
green rind with white spots, resembling
the isi-Kutwane; gourd gathered while
still green and so with rind too thin for
use; imperfectly formed pip of a 'green'
pumpkin; person who eats an immense
quantity at a meal, one with a very
large appetite.

Hoboza (Hobhoza),v. = habuza.

isi-Hobozi (Hobhozi),n. = isi-Habuza.

u(lu)-Hobozi (Hobhozi),n. = u(lu)-Gobozi.

u-Hodoba, n. Word expressing wonder-
ment, admiration at that which is ex-
ceptionally powerful, strong, as an in-
Kunzi (bull), among its kind e.g. an
unusually great umtakati or skilful doc-
tor or powerful induna; also applied to
very strong beer, snuff, violent temper,
etc. = u-Hohodo, u-Nqondovu.

Ex. kana'laka, unohodoba, he hasn't (mere-
ly) an angry temper; he has a perfectly
mighty one.

isi-Hofuhofu, n. (N) = isi-Hamfuhamfu.

Hoge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hogela.

Hogela, v. Turn on a person (ace.) sharp-
ly with words, as a person suddenly
firing up at another or replying violent-
ly; breath in, inhale (by the nose), as
the air (ace.) when breathing or the
fumes of medicine; draw in (by the
nose), sniff, as a dog when seeking
something in the grass; smell at, as at
a flower. Cp. nuka; sezela; tungata.

isi-Hogo, n. Food burnt in the pot and
generally forming a black skin or crust
at the bottom and sides; the 'burnt'
food from such a pot when served =

HO

265

HO

isi-Hogolo, i-nTshela [Her. o-ngoko,
burnt crust in pot; Di. rog, warm].

Ex. loku'fotdhla ktinuk'isifmgo, this food
smells of isihogo i. e. smells burnt.

isi-Hogolo, n. Burnt crust of food at the
bottom of a pot (= isi-Hogo) ; harshness
or hoarseness of the throat or voice, as
after much shouting (cp. hoshoza, holo-
za).

i(li)-Hogwe, n. = i(li)-Habehabe.

i(li)-Hoho, n. Os sacrum i.e. the deflected

end of the spine just above the tail in

an ox.

um-Hoho, n. 5. = um-Hawu.

u(lu)-Hoho (Hhohho), ti. Unusually large
hut; very large imbiza for storing beer
(cp. um-Ndindimana); small hut built
in the kraal for storing beer.

isi or um-Hohoba, n. 5. Any long, deep,
narrow thing, as a trough, narrow deep
valley or kloof; long thin person or ox
= um-Hohombe.

u-Hohodo,w. = u-Hodoba.

um-Hohoho, n. 5. = um-Bavuma.

u(lu)-Hohomba (Hohombha), n. Very thin,
emaciated person or beast; (C.N.) hollow,
as the inside of a tent or box.

i(li)-Hohombe (Hhohhombhe), n. Word of
contempt for a person or stranger of
another tribe, as the Tonga or Suto.

um-Hohombe (Hokombhe), n. 5. = um-Ho-
hoba.

Hola (Hhola), v. = ukuti hho.

Hola, v. Draw, haul, or pull along, as
when pulling in a long rope (ace), pull-
ing out a tree-trunk from a swamp, or
pulling along a cart (comp. hudula);
draw along, as water (ace.) through a
pipe by suction ; lead along, as water
along a sluit; draw in, as the air (ace.)
when taking a breath or inhaling by
the mouth (see hogela); lead along,
entice, as a blind man (ace.) when walk-
ing, or a person to any good or bad
action; absorb or draw in (the water),
i. e. have the water already decreased by
evaporation, as izinkobe or potatoes
when the water has sunk below the
surface. Comp. dontsa [Ga. yola, draw
a line; Her. toora, drag away].

Ex. izinkobe sexihola, the boiled mealies
are now drawing -/. e. have been boiling so
long that the water has already sunk below
the surface.

uku-hoV intambo (or uku-pata intambo), to
carry the string, as the boy leading the
oxen in a wagon.

'uyahola ini?1 'Ayi-ke.' angiholi imali;
ngiholehva inkosikaxi inkomo iivye ngomnya-

ka; kodwa kayilcangiholeli kulo'mnyaka', 'Do
you draw (anything, as wages)?' 'Well! I
don't get any money; I get paid by the mis-
tress one beast a year; but she has not yet
paid me for this year.'

isi-Hole, n. Person or animal with the
leg paralysed or broken, so as to be
merely dragged along when walking;
laggard; animal that stays about alone,
not going with the herd.

i(li)-Holo, n. Anything with a rough sur-
face, as a piece of sandstone, an old
earthen pot, a chapped hand, or the l'a< e
of some Natives when covered with nu-
merous tiny pimples; plur ama-Holo,
roughness, as of any surface ( used gen.
as an adjective = ama-Haye) [Her.
otyi-nyuru, roughness].

Ex. amabele as'e'holo for as'el'iholo), the
Kafir-corn is already filling in the grains, so
that the ear hitherto smooth, now has a
rough 'pimply' feeling when passed through
the hand.

udiwo loin selu'muholu, this beer-pot is
now rough (has the smooth surface off).
um-H6lo (Hhoolo), n. 5. Any long or deep,
narrow hole, pit, or excavation, as that
made by a rat, snake, ant-bear, etc. (cp.
isi-Godi, isi-Sele; um-Godi); deep-
sunken eye (= isi-Gobe, i(li)-Hobela,
ui-Kelekete).

Holoba, v. Make a continuous deeplj--
rumbling noise, heard from a distance,
as a full river rushing among rocks or
over a waterfall, mealies boiling in a
pot, or as the men singing at a dance
(from the deep indistinct rumbling of
their commingled voices — not of the
girls) (= rroloba. Cp. rrwaza, haza, ho-
za) ; reprove a person (ace.) vehemently,
utter loud disapprobation, as at any-
thing improper or untrue he may have
said (= uku-m-tela ngesiho) ; canter, as
a horse, from the sound made; (C.X.)
— holoya.

isi-Holobo, n. Starting song of the i-keto
at a wedding-dance i. e. when they rise
up after sitting on the ground, to take
their places for a dance = isi-Rmlobo.
See hongoza.

Holodela, v. (C.N.) = rrolodela.

u(lu)-Holokoqo (s. k.), n. = u(lu)-Hoqolo.

Holo holo, ukuti (Hholo hholo, ukuthi), v.
= holoza.

i(li)-H6loholo (Hhblohholo), n. = i(li)-Ho-
loza.

Ho-lo-lo (Hho-lo-lo -- first syll. accentu-
ated^, int. expressing sarcastic merri-
ment like 'oh my!' in Eng., as might
be said by a young man at a number

HO

266

HO

of fine uirls passing, or as one might
exclaim on seeing a great crowd of peo-
ple going anywhere = he he he; cp
icosh i.

Holoya, r. Be salted', as an ox which
has passed through a deadly disease
, C.X.l.

Holoza (Hholoza), r. Speak with a loud,
powerful, stentorian voice (in ordinary
conversation ), as some men with very
deep noisy voices, or women with a
loiul male-like voice.

i(li)- Holoza (Hholoza), n. Man or woman
with a loud, deep, stentorian voice =
i(li)-Holoholo.

um-Home, n. 5. Deep pit, abyss, the bottom
of which is unattainable, as the shaft of
a coal-mine; person with an appetite
that is never satisfied.

isi-Homfu, n. One who eats in a hasty,
greedy, ravenous manner, smacking the
chops devouringly; wild, fierce person,
dog, etc; any very delicious food which
would make one eat quite ravenously.

Ex. lobu'butshwala bumnandi, isihomfu,
thi< beer is nice, it makes one quite voracious.

Homfuza, /•. Eat in a voracious, devouring
manner any food (ace), accompanying
with fierce smacking of the chops; be
wild, fierce, as a dog or angry man.

Hona, v. Snore = honqa [Her. ona; Bo.
gona, sleep; Sw. koroma, a snore].

isi-Honeyana, n. Snoring fellow, word ex-
pressing contempt for a person whether
he really snores or not (C.N.).

isi-Honi, //. One who habitually snores.

i(li)-Hongo (no plur.), n. = i-nGqimge, vm-
Qungo.

i(li)-H6ngohongo, n. Any soft froth-like
thing, as froth of boiled milk, a woollen
shawl, etc. Cp. i-Mfangamfanga.

Hongoza, r. Give forth a rumble of dis-
tant sinning (i.e. sing) as they go along,
rumble singingly along, as a hunting-
party, young-men out walking, a bridal
party arriving at the bride-groom's kraal
or coining along from the dressing-place
for the wedding-dance, etc.

I.\ abahongoxe abantwana, kuniuke uniku-

hlane, let the children go out singing, that

this fever-epidemic may depart — according

the custom of wm-Shopi and uku-lahlwa

nt.

isi-Hongozo, //. Rumbling of distant sing-
ing in motion, as above.

Hongqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Draw in the
legs, shrink hack (C.N.).

Honona, v. (C.N.) = konona.

Honqa, v. Erect a screen or shelter (=
isi-Honqa) for or against anything (ace.
with ela form); snore (—hona) [Sw.
okoa, screen].

Ex. nyiyakahonqa laj)a, ngihonqele umlilo
emoyeni, I shall put up a screen here, that
I may screen the fire from the wind.

isi-Honqa, or Honqe, or Honqo, n. Screen,
e.g. such as is erected of reeds, etc.,
before the entrance of a hut or about a
cooking-place to keep off the wind ;
shelter or rude hut formed by binding
together overhead long wattles or bran-
ches, as erected by an impi when
camping out (= isi-Hudulu, isi-Hugu,
isi-Hugulu). Cp. honqa.

Honqobala, v. (N) = gonqobala.

i(li)-Hope (Hoophe),n. — i(li)-Hoye.

isi-Hopoca (Hophoca) or Hopoqa, n. =
isi-Kumbuzi.

u-Hoqetsheni (s.t.), n. (C.N.) = u-Kotetsheni.

isi-Hoqoba, n. Country of an ugly nature,
bad for getting along in, as bush country
(i-Hlanze) where the bush is unplea-
santly thick ( see isi-Xa ), or country brok-
en up into deep valleys and hills and
stony precipitous places, or a place
thickly covered with large stones (even
though flat) == isi-Hoqohoqo.

Ex. bengikwele isihoqoba sehlanxe (or sa-
matshe), I had been engaged upon or con-
tending with an ugly bit of bush-country.

u(lu)-Hoqolo, n. Long slender-bodied 'drawn
out' thing, as a snake or (by compari-
son) a human-being when very emaciated
and so appearing to be 'long' — not
used of inanimate objects = u(lu)-Holo-
koqo.

Ex. abantu sebe ixinhoqolokaxi indhlala, the
Natives are now drawn-out or tall thin
things from famine.

Hoqoloza, v. Draw in deeply, as when
taking a very long draw at the hemp-
pipe as though to exhaust the whole
pipeful at once; drink off with a long
'draining' drink, as a potful of beer
(ace); draw in with a long 'finishing'
sniff, as an old woman vigorously snuf-
fing up the remains of snuff-dust from
her snuff-pouch = ukuti hoqolozi.

Hoqolozi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hoqoloza.

isi-Hoqohoqo, n. = isi-Hoqoba.

Hoqoza, v. Make clatter, as a person might
hard light hollow things (ace.) like a lot
of empty gourds or izinDebe; be acting
deceptively in secret while openly pre-
senting a plausible appearance.

X.B. The i-mBulu (large lizard) once vi-
sited a person. He sat down on his haunches

HO

iu the hut, presenting a very respectable
frontal appearance, but all the time was really
eating the amasi with his tail, until at
length the clatter of the pots was heard,
when his double-faced conduct was discovered.
Such a double-laced person was henceforth
called an iniBulu and his conduct was de-
scribed as uku-koqoxa.
Hosha, v. Draw out a thing (ace.) from
between other things closely surrounding
it, as a stick of imfe from out of a bundle,
or a blanket out of a pile (comp. kipa;
hola); draw out a person (ace.) i.e.
seek to get secret information from him
(see um-Ongulo) = husha.
isi or um- Hosha or Hoshe, n. 5. Ravine,
or long valley formed of sharply converg-
ing hillsides (generally with a stream
at the bottom ) ; kloof or ravine running
up a mountain-side ( not necessarily very
deep and straight as an um-Hohoba).
Cp. isi-Godi; isi-Kumbu.
um or u(lu)-H6shahosha, n. 5. Any long
trailing, dangling thing, as a long reim,
snake, tail, dress, etc; also applied to a
long plank or tall person {= um-Hu-
shuhushu, u(lu)-Hududu, u(lu)-Jokojo-
ko, u(lu)-Huduhudii); a 'tail' (meta-
phor. ) i. e. unpleasant thing following-
after one when coming home, as an
ugly affair (he having done something-
wrong on his way), or a wild beast
that he has disturbed and which is
following him behind (= um-Koka).

Ex. uCis/tn mifikelp nohoshahoska Iwokufa
(or licecala), Cishu has arrived tous with some
disease (or crime) trailing behind him i.e. has
brought along home with him some disease, etc.
um-Hosheba, n. 5. Any long narrow thing,
as the leaf of some trees, a long narrow-
strip of cloth, etc.
isi-Hosho, n. (CN.) = i(U)-Hoshoza.
Hoshobala, v. = hobana.
Hoshoza, v. Speak with a hoarse, 'strain-
ing' voice, emitting only a gruff sound as
though with an effort, as some Native
men do naturally, or a person when
suffering from a bad sore-throat. See
i(li)- Hoshoza.
i(li)-Hoshoza, n. Person with such a voice

as above — see hoshoza.
Hoya (Hhoya), v. = ukuti hho.
i(li)-Hoya, n. — i(li)-Titihoya.
u(lu)-Hoyana, n. = u(lu)-Hoyizana.
Hoye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cover, or be scat-
tered over with innumerable 'little bits
of things' (= u(hi)-Hoyizana), as plums
covering a fruit-tree, sheep a hillside,
rash the body of a person.

or fine sand-

267 HU

particles a floor (gen. used in imper-
sonal form). Cp. ukuti citi.

Ex. kute hoye wonke umximba, it is covered-
all over (with tiny pimples), the whole body.

ng'ezwa kute hoye uhoyixana pantsi, I felt
little bits of things scattered all about the
floor.

ngix/ifwnane \Uc hoye yonke intaba, I found
them (the sheep) dotted about all over tin-
hill.

i(li)-H3ye (Hooye), n. Black spur-winged
goose (Pleetropterus gambensis). Cp.
i(li)-Dada; i(li)-Hantsi.

Hoyiza, v. Scare or drive away, as field-
pests (ace), an epidemic of disease, a
troublesome i-dhlozi, by incantations,
singing, etc. — see um-Shopi; labia ; cp.
hebeza; hobeza.

u(lu)-Hoyiza (more freq. in dim. form
u(lu)-Hoyizana — no pin?'.), n. Little bits
of things, things very tiny or contemp-
tuously small of their kind (generally in
number and in scattered condition), as
tiny sand-particles covering the floor of
a hut, small pimples covering a person's
body, very small mabele or mealie-grains,
undersized pots or huts, or a lot of poor-
bodied children or sheep. Cp. i-nTsc-
ntse; u(lu)-Hlalu.

Ex. uGwababa uxele uhoyixana, Gwababa
has begotten a lot of little bits of children.
ka'Ngiyexwa kupuxwa ur/ohotjixana rye, ku-
ngati ixitsha xezingane, at Ngiyezwa's it is
drunk {i, e. beer) from just little bits of pots
like children's vessels.
Hoyizela, v. Sing such 'scaring' incanta-
tions, etc., for the ama-dhlozi (ace), as
above — see hoyiza.
Hoza, v. = ukuti ho.

Hu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = huma, ukuti rru.
Hu, ukuti (Hhu, ukuthi) v. Be quite or
very white, as snow or a white garment
(— ukuti tu, qroa, qaka, twahla); slap
with the palm of the hand, as a person's
face (ace. = hula, wurruza).

Ex. waliti hu ishumi, he slapped down
half-a-sovereign.
ama-Hu (Hhu; no sing.;, n. Certain game
of children in which one pats the other
on the body, saying nank'umaltu! and
immediately sits down on the ground,
whereupon the other child has to remain
by until he gets up to run away, before
which he must return the pat and so
rid himself of the ama-Hu — i-Neve.
umu-Hu (no plur.). n. Collection of grains,
beads, berries, or other tiny separate
bodies massed together. Cp. u(lu)-Hlwe-
za\ u(lu)-Hoyizana.

HU 268

u(lu)-Hu,«. = u(lu)-Huludwane.

Huba, /'. Sing an i(li)-Hubo q. v.; make
a soft light continuous rumble of sound,
as a number of people singing in the
distance or gently talking in a hut, or
water in a kettle passing from the sim-
mer (see :<>i/iza) to the boil, or when
splashing over a cascade, or a shower
of rain or hail heard coming from a
distance (cp. haza, holoba); smear or
rub over with the hand, as the body
(ace.) with paint (with nga or ace.), a
wall with cowdung (= beca, huqa);
smear a person (ace.) with words, abuse
him with nasty talk (often hubahuba)
[Her. It ua, smear; yimba, sing; Sw.
Ga. i/uba, sing].

Huba (Hubha),v. Chase, run after any-
thing (ace), as after a buck, dog, or a
thief running away, or as a snake or
wild-beast might a man (= xosha); sew
loosely with large stitches, merely run
the needle along, as when tacking a gar-
ment (ace), or hut when thatching (=
ii'uht, I, mini ) [Her. ramba, run after].

um-Hube (Hubhe),n. 5. Broadly drawn-
out, longly stretched-out thing, as any
circular thing drawn out into an oval
shape (as an isi-Baya, or fish-tin), or a
longly extending forest (cp. um-Hohoba) ;
also = um-Qangala.

isi-Hubehube, n. = isi-Hubenge.

Hubela, /'. = hulumbela.

i(li)-Hubelo, n. Large sized shield, used
for hunting ( larger than the i(li)-Hawu
and smaller than the. isi-Hlangu).

isi-Hubenge, u. Ravenously greedy, rapa-
cious person or animal, as a selfish glut-
tonous eater, an avaricious man, or a
bull that wildly d rives off all others
from the cows = isi-Hubehube. Cp.
i(li)'Huluba. See hubeza.

Hubeza, v. Be rapacious, ravenously gree-
dy, as an isi-Hubenge.

Hubezela, v. Be rapacious after, seeking
to steal, gel hold of, as a man after the
cattle (ace.) of another, a lecherous
youth after a girl.

i(li)- Hubo, a. Tribal song; regimental song
(cp. i-nGoma; i(li)-Gamu); also i(U).
ffubu.

N.B. Each separate Zulu clan has a dif-
ferent ihubo or perhaps two of thorn. This
treated with great respect by all the
members of the dan, possessing as it does a
"1 sentimentality of character. It
■''].. patriot the 'dear old song'
reminiscent of those good old times — upou
vrhieh all of us so love to look back — when
the clan wa<- -till fre* and unfettered bv a

HU

foreign subjection, when only peacefuluess
and plenty reigned in the land — days gone
never to return! The ihubo is, therefore,
nowadays only sung on certain solemn occa-
sions, when the feeling of the hour would
seem to befit the pathos of the song. It is
performed with much gravity of manner,
generally with up-lifted shields and unac-
companied by dance, and is said frequently
to bring tears to the eyes. It is sung by
the family assembled together in the cattle-
kraal just previous to the departure of a
'child of the house' going off to get mar-
ried; upon the arrival of the bridal-party at
the kraal of the bridegroom; and at the fu-
nereal hunt (see i-Hlambo) following the
death of a man.

The regimental ama-hubo, peculiar to each
different ibuto, were more of the nature of
march-songs (not dance-songs), and had no-
thing of this sacredness of character.

Hubu, ukuti (Hubhu, ukuthi),v. = hubuza.

u-Hubu (Hubhu), n. A lying person, given
to saying and relating untruths = u-Hu-
bushe, i(li)-Hubuhubu.

N.B. Such a person is spoken of in full
as it Hubu ku'Bejana, uSinqe-sinamakalaiie,
Mr. Hubu, son of Bejana, Mr. Tick-covered -
rump.

i(li)-Hubu, n. Certain veldt-herb, used as
amaka.

i(li)-Hubuhubu (Hubhuhubhu), n. Thing
of a spongy, loosely-hanging-together
nature, without firm substance, readily
disintegrating to force, as rotten wood,
soft mould like that of a mole-heap,
lung-s, or hut-thatch (= i(li)-Humuhumu ;
cp. i-Mfaugamfanga ) ; cow readily jaeld-
ing a large quantity of milk (— i(li)-
Sengwakazi) ; lying person (=u-Hubu).

i(li)-Hubulu (Hubhulu), n. White-necked
raven (Gorvultur albicollis) = i(li)-
Gwababa, i(li)-Hlungulu.

Hubuluza (Hubhuluza), v. Eat or drink
up (whether by sucking up with the
mouth, or with a spoon) any fluid food
(ace.) — ukuti hubuluzi.

Hubuluzi, ukuti (Hubhuluzi, ukuthi),v. =

hubuluza.

u(lu)-Hubuluzi (Hubhuluzi), 7i. Any fluid
food ( i. e. thickened water), as very wa-
tery porridge, soup, and the like ;' thin
watery mud. See hubuluza.

u-Hubushe (Hubhushe), n. = u-Hubu.

Hubuza (Hubhuza),v. Make the softly
crushing, spongy sound, or sensation,
hubu], as when squeezing lungs, poking
a stick through thatch (ace), treading
down soft dry mould, etc.; poke lightly
about here and there i. e. sew badly,

HU

209

HU

irregularly, carelessly, as when sewing
an isidioaba or thatching a hut (cp.
hida); draw milk abundantly and easily
from a cow i. e. without any effort,
merely softly squeezing (see i(ti)-Hubu-
hubu); talk lies, lying reports, untrue
tales (= hurnuza).
Hubuzeka (Hubhuzeka), v. Get acted upon
as above; be softly crushable, spongy,
as an i(li)-Hubuhubu.

Huda, v. Pass liquid stools, as from
diarrhoea (comp. tshapalata) ; let run
or flow out, as a calabash with a hole
in it, the amasi it contains (comp. vuza,
huluka); shoot, as a star.

Phr. shele! 'mfo icctn, uhudelwe ihubulu,
uever mind, brother of mine, you have been
voided upon by a raven, i.e. you have been
befallen by an unpleasant thing you did not
expect and not brought about by yourself.

isi-Hudede, n. Greedy, selfish child who
cries for every thing it sees another to
get; also applied to an adult of a greedy,
selfish nature.

Hudhlu hudhlu, ukuti (Hhudhlu hhudhlu,
ukuti), v. = hudhluza.

Hudhluza (Hhudhluza), v. Scrape, scour,
curry, as a hide (ace.) with a prickly
aloe-leaf, a table with a scrubbing-brush,
or a horse its body against a tree.

Hudisa.v. Purge, as a medicine or disease
a person (ace.) = hambisa. See i-Nyo-
ngo.

isi or um-Hudo, n. 5. Dysentery — some-
times isi-Hudo esinegazi; the 'bloody'
stools accompanying certain other in-
testinal diseases; such diseases them-
selves.

N.B. Of ordinary diarrhoea (for which
there is no name ) it would be merely said
nBani uyahuda (ox anohudo), So-and-so is
passing liquid stools.

um-Hudisane,«. 5. Veldt-plant, whose roots
are used as a purgative.

u(lu)-Hudo, n. Liquid stools, as from diar-
rhoea = u(lu)-Sheko. Comp. um-GodQ.

u(lu)-Hududu, n. Long trailing thing (from
hudula), as a very large blanket that
drags like a train behind, a very long
isidwaba of a woman or ibeshu of a man
= um-Hoshahosha.

u(lu)-Huduhudu, n. = um-Hoshahosha.

Hudula, v. Drag anything (ace.) generally of
a 'sprawling-' or flat-lying nature, along
the ground, as a hide, sack of mealies,
or a prostrate person; lead away by
moral force or talking, seduce, as one
might a girl (ace.). Comp. hola [Sw.
bur lira, drag].

isi-Hudulo, n. 'Drag' of any kind, e.g. a
tree pulled about a field by oxen for
the purpose of harrowing, or the fork
of a tree used as a slip for carrying
things on (— is /-/[//' />/').

isi-Hudulu, n. Roughly made shelter or
hut, generally of intertwined branches,
as for screening an impi when en-
camped, or for keeping goats, or for
cooking in = isi-Hugu, isi-Hugulu, isi-
Guga.

isi-Hugu (Huugu), n. = isi-Hudiil".

isi-Hugulu, n. = isi-Hudulu.

HO ha (Hhuuhha), v. = heha.

Huha, v. Have a great attraction or draw-
ing-power over one (ace), so that he
be ever craving after it, always be seek-
ing to do it, etc., as any fascinating
hobby, liquor for an inebriate, etc. ; draw
or lead one (ace.) on so that he become
so strongly habituated, inclined, as to
be unable to overcome the desire or
habit, as a mother who induces a habit
of fastidiousness in her child (ace.) by
constantly giving way to its desire for
nice things (with nga) — heha, hutnhe-
kisa; cp. jwayeza.

i(li)-Huha, n. An overpowering inclination,
craving, fascination, habituated desire
for anything, action, etc. (with na and
gen. of thing ).

u(lu)-Huha (Hhuuhha), n. = u(lu)-Heha.

Huheka (Hhuuhheka), v. = heheka.

Huheka (s.k.),v. Get carried away by
some overpowering habit, craving, in-
clination, attraction, etc., as above (used
in perf.) - - see huha = heheka, hu-
mheka.

Huhuluza, v. Go sweeping along, sweep
along, as a person dragging a branch
of a tree behind him ( with nga ) leaving
a swept track as he goes, or a bird mak-
ing a sudden swift flight or sweep as
when about to seize a fowl, or a woman
getting along rapidly with her field.

Huhuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. huhuluza.

um-Huhuluzo, u. 5. Swept track, as left
when dragging anything along.

isi-Huhumba (Huhumbha), ». Thing in a
dirty, faded state, white with unwashed
(lust, etc. (used of things by their na-
ture glossy or of clearly marked colour),
as a Native with the body grey with
dirt, or a woman's kilt undressed with
oil -- isi-Hwabadiya.

um-HDhiimbe (Hhuuhhuumbhe), n. 5. Great
cavern or pit of a thing, as an unusu-
ally large hole, an immense belly, or
very large broad sack.

HU

270

HU

i(li)-Huhwa, n. Strong unconquerable habit
<>r craving, as for stealing, drinking,
making beadwork, etc. = i(li)-Huha.

Ex. us'mehuhwa lokutunga ixilieshe, she
has already ;i strong liking for making fron-
tal-fringes of girls).

isi-Huhwa, ?i. Species of eagle.

Hula, v. Cut away with a sickle, etc., long
grass or weeds (ace) from any place,
as when clearing it for ploughing;
hence, mow (= hesha); cut off hair (ace.
= gunda) [Bo. huhula, reap].

Hula (Hliula), v. Slap with the palm of
the hand, as a person's face (ace.) =
ukuti hit, wurruza.

isi-Hula, n. Person or animal of a voracious
nature, with an unsatiable greedy desire
for food, cattle, girls, and the like =
l(li)-Hultiba, i(li)-Hulugu, isi-Huqa. See

hulaza.

Hulaza, v. Act voraciously, with a greedy
unsatiable desire, as in eating, or taking
rapacious possession of somebody else's
inheritance, etc. = haha, huluba. [Sw.
'/ kula, rapacious].

u(lu)-Hule, n. = u(lu)-Hidi.

Huluba, v. = hulaza, haha.

i(li)-Huluba, n. Voracious person or ani-
mal, with a greedy insatiable appetite ==
i(H)-Hulugu, isi-Hula. Cp. isi-Hubenge.
See huluba.

Hulubela, v. = hulumbela.

u(lu)-Huludwane, n. Litter, swarm, as the
offspring of a pig, fowl, or man =
u(lu)-Hu. See hulula. Cp. isi-Hlwa.

i(li)-Hulugu, a. = i(li)-Huluba.

i(li), isi or u(lu)-Huluhulu,«. = i(li)-Huqa,
ama-Halakala. See huluzela.

Huluka (8.k.)t v. Get slid off, stripped off,
shelled, or born, as below — see hulula;
run or flow out, as water, grain, etc.
from a vessel or sack with a hole in it
(comp. puishuka, hushuka, vuza).

Hulukuqela (s. k.), v. Slip or run round,
over to, etc., as a boy round a corner
or tree when dodging a person, a bull
running off over or round a hill, or a
person when making a momentary devi-
ation into any kraal = ukuti hulukuqu,
ukuti hilihirji, ukuti halakaqa. Comp.
hulumbela.

Ex. usate hulukuqu (ox uaahulukuqele)
< Vondtoeni, he has just run round to, or
-lipped over to, the Vondweni kraal.
Hulukuqu, ukuti (vkuthi ; s. k.),v. = hulu-

Hulukushela (s. k.)t r. .Slip away or through,
as when passing out through a low door-

way of a Native hut with a quick sliding
or gliding movement, not quietly crawl-
ing (not used of European doorways) =
ukuti hulukushu,

Hulukushu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = hulu-
kushela.

Hulula,^. Slide off, slip off, strip off, as
beads (ace.) from a string or a man his
shirt when passing it off by the legs;
shell, as beans (ace.) from the pod or
mealies from the cob (cp. gumuza, xo-
za) ; slide down (trans.) i. e. make slip
down, as any flat article (ace.) down a
slope ; ' slip off ' the offspring i. e. bear
plentifully, as a pig or prolific wife (=
huluza) [Her. herura, slip; Sw. pua,
shell; Bo. hulula, reap].

Ex. wahuhda uhuludwane, she brought
forth a long string (of children).

Hululeka (s. k.), v. Slip off; get stripped
off; slide down, as a person down a
roof or bank (loc); get born plentifully,
as offspring = huluka.

Hululuka, v. (C.N.) = hululeka.

Hulumbela (Huhimbhela), v. Steal or slip
round, into, along, i. e. go stealthily, as
a snake among the grass, or a person
seeking to do some wrong or to avoid
being seen = hubela, hulubela, hidu-
kuqela.

u-Hulumende, or u-Hulumeni, n. The Go-
vernor; sometimes used by Whitepeople
for 'government' [Eng. government].

Huluza. v. Bear offspring (ace.) plentifully
'just slip them off, as a pig or prolific
wife (= hulula); slide along, slip along,
as a snake or similar thing gliding along
on its belly (= hiduzela).

Ex. inyolca yasihuluxda, the snake slid
along after us.

Huluzela,?'. Slide or slip along on the
belly, as a snake, worm or similar thing
(= hiduza); drink any semi-solid food,
of a watery nature that doesn't require
chewing, as very watery gruel (= hala-
zela ).

Huma, v. Make a long string of, string-
along, as beads (ace.) on to a piece of
thread, fruit on a spit (cp. hloma), or
of gossip, lies, etc. (= ukuti hu); run
the needle merely along, stitch with long
loose stitches (= hida, huba); begin
to get dry, as a washed garment, scrub-
bed table, tree when dying, or fresh
mealies out drying (cp. oma; hamuka).

Huma (Hhuuma),v. = heha.

i(li)-Huma or Humu (Hhuuma; no plur.),

n. Certain kind of large-grained mealies,

'horse-tooth' mealies.

HU

Humbu, ukuti (Hhumbhu, ukuthi), v. —
ukuti hembu.

Humbuka (Hhumbhuka), v. = hembuka.
Humbula (Hhumbhula), v. = hembula.
urn-Hume (Huume), n. 5. — um-Gedr [Goth.
hulundi, cave; Rag. ntuluma].

um-Hume (Hhume), n. 5. — same as pre-
ceding.

u(lu)-Hume, n. Long series, string, con-
tinuation of anything, as of chain, length
of cloth, endless story, etc. = um-Humo,
u(lu)-Hid i, u(lu)-Hule.

u(lu)-Hume (Huume), n. same as preced-
ing.

u(lu)-Hume (Hhuume), n. = u(lu)-Heha.

Humeka (s.k.), v. Get stringed together in
a long series or length, as beads, lies, etc.

Humeka (H humeka), v. — humuza (hhu-

muza).
Humeka (Hhuumeka), v. = heheka.
um-Humo, n. 5. = u(lu)-Hume.
Humhekaor Humuheka (s.k.) v. = huheka.
Humhekisa or Humuhekisa (s.k.), v. = huha.
i(li)-Humu (Hhuumu), n. = i(li)-Hiima.
Humu humu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = humuza.

Humu humu, ukuti (Hhumu hhumu, uku-
thi), v. = humuza {hhumuza).

i(li)-Humuhumu,w. Any light, loosely con-
nected, spongy body, without internal
substance, as soft loose soil (like that
of a mole-heap), lungs, etc.; person with
an easy flowing i. e. lying, tongue, care-
less as to truth, given to relating false-
hoods = l(li)-Hubuhubu. See humuza.

i(li)-Humuhumu (Hhumuhhumu), n. An
extravagant person, wastful with the
foodsupply, cooking with careless ex-
cess, etc. See humuza (hhumuza).

Humusha, v. Allure away, lead away by
enticing talk, seduce, as one might a
child (ace.) to break in any way from
parental control or a man from his chief
(= hunga, hungula, husha) ; inform
against a person (ace. or with nga), as
to the chief (loc. = ceba) ; interpret, as
an interpreter (N. from Xo. kumsha).

Humuza, v. Have to do with anything of
the nature of an i(li)-Humuhumu, as
when hoeing in light soil (ace), treading
on a mole-heap, eating lungs, poking a
stick into thatch, etc.; talk away a lot of
truthless tales, reports, etc. = hubuza.

Humuza (Hhumuza), v. Nibble away con-
tinuously at a boiled mealie-cob (ace),
etc.; get through food (ace.) extravagant-
ly, hy cooking excessively, etc., as ;t
wastefid woman (= humeka).

271 HU

Humuzela (Hhuumuzela), v. Hum, as the
gossip of a lot of men talking lowly in
a hut, or the low singing of a lot of men
heard from a distance.

Huna, v. Cut short or too short, as a man
his ibeshu or trousers (ace), or a car-
penter a plank, or as the ear of a beast
when clipping off the point (according
to Native custom) = ukuti hunu.

u-Huneba or u-Huneva, n. Word expres-
sing wonderment or admiration at the
immense size, or age, of the bull of cer-
tain animals, as cattle, buffaloes, lions,
rhinoceroses, etc.

Hunga, v. — hum.usha [Her. e-runga, thief].

um-Hungo, n. 5. Medicine or charm used
for the purpose of hunga q. v.

i(li)-Hungqu, n. = i(li)-Hunqu.

Hungu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hungula.

u(lu)-Hungu, n. Hemp, when bad (C.N.).

Hungula, v. — humusha, hunga, husha.-—

i(li)-Hungu!a,«. An alluring person -gene-
rally applied to a loose girl who entices
young men deceptively; a coquette.

i(li)-Hunqu, n. Thing or animal checkered
with dark and light markings, motlings,
streaks or mixed patches, as a puff -adder
(sometimes called by this name), tortoise-
shell cat or mealie-cob with various col-
oured grains, (cp. i(li)-Bidi, i(li)-Gqa-
ba); pi. ama-Hunqu, such dark and light,
irregularly mixed-up markings or pat-
ches.

Hunu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cut off a thing
(ace.) at the end so as to shorten it
= huna, hunula.

i(li)-Hunu, n. An isi-Qova formed of a
compact bunch of feathers clipped short
at the ends and worn over the fore-
head.

isi-Hunu, n. Anything cut short i.e. with
the end cut off, as a man's ibeshu, ani-
mal with the ear clipped at the end, or
man with the lobe of the ear removed,
or even hanging loose after having been
slit (= um-Qewu). Cp. i-nGunundu.

Huqa, v. Smear, rub on, anything of a
semi-liquid or pasty nature, as the body
(ace) with red clay (ace or with nga),
or a wheel-axle with grease (= beca,
huba); (C.N.) also = huqaza [Her. hua,
smear].

isi-Huqa, n. = isi-Hula; also um-Huqa.

urn- Huqa, //. 5. Great, powerful, wild na-
tured old bull, of cattle, buffaloes, rhino-
ceroses and similar animals, that gener-
ally goes about alone; also applied to a
big, old powerful bull (of cattle) even
when tame, or also to a wild-natured

HU 272

cow that breaks away from the herd;
powerfully-built, muscularly energetic
man = isi-Ouqa.

Huqaza, r. Master, be master among, as
one bull among others (ace) round about;
also = hulaza.

i(li)-Huqu, )/. Any food thicker than water
hut not solid enough to be chewable, as
porridge so watered as to be drinkable,
gruel, or utshwala, coffee, etc. thick with
dregs as when unstrained = i(H)-Hulu-
hitlu, ama-Halahala. See huluzela.

Huqu Huqu, ukuti (ukuthl), v = huquza,
huquzela.

isi-Huquhuqu, n. Dirty body, white with
unwashed dust, etc. = isi-Hwahwa.

Huquza, v. Crawl or creep on the hands
and knees, as an infant (more often
Huquzela = kasa; comp. haqazela) ; wal-
low, roll about in dirt or dust, as a
child (sometimes with zi of reflect, form).

isi-Hurruza, ?/. Abnormally big head; big
protruding eye (= i(li)-Pinqi).

Husha, /•. Drag oneself along on the belly,
as does a snake, worm, or small in-
fant (comp. huquzela, huluzela); seduce,
allure away (= humnsha, hunga); draw
"lit a thing (ace.) from between others
(= hosha); make become thin, bring
down one's body-flesh (ace), as sickness
nr fatigue; make a strong rustling
noise, as a strong wind blowing (= hu-
shuza).

Hushu, ukuti (ukuthl), v. = hushuka; hu-
sh uza; ukuti wushu.

Hushuka (s.k.),v. Come out or slip out
unwantedly as anything that should
have kept inside, as potatoes from out
of a bundle carried on the head, mealies
from the corner of a sack when pour-
ing into another, or a man's shirt
through a hole in the trousers; become
thin, as one's body through sickness or
fatigue; come or go out quietly, slip
out of a hut, as might any person (even
when noticed); come out unwantedly, as
lies = ukuti hushu; wushuka; huluka.

um-Hushuhushu, //. .7. = um-Hoshahosha.

Hushuza, v. Make a strong rustling noise,
thp wind when blowing hard; trail
along behind, as one might a long
inket (ace.) or dress, or a long wattle
partly fallen from the bundle on one's
head ( hushuzisa); trail along, as the
blanket, dress, or wattle aforesaid (=
htuhtuseka) ; make come or slip out, as
above (see hushuka); make fall out, i.e.
tell, liee (ace.) = wushuza.

Hushuzela, Hushuzisa, or Hushuzelisa, v.

HWA

Go 'trailing' along i.e. with a long dress,
or other long thing trailing behind.

u-Huyi (Huuyi),n. — u-Mangqwashi.

Huzu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = huzuka; huzula.

i(li)-Huzu, n. 'Town-Kafir' of a low class,
who has abandoned his home and leads
a loose life among the White-people (N).

isi-Huzu, n. Dirty, slovenly person, in his
body, dress, etc, = isi-Hwatuhwatu,
i(li)- Yatayata.

Huzuka (s.k.), v. Get scraped superficially
or grazed, as the skin of a person when
rubbing violently against any rough
surface, as against a stone; or as the
person himself; (N) become an i(li)-Hu-
zu — yocuka. Comp. hluzuka.

Huzula,?;. Scrape superficially (so as to
bare the flesh, but not peel off the skin
bodily), grate, as a rough stone might
the skin (ace.) of a person who rubs
hard against it = yocula. Cp. hluzula.
[Her. kurura, scrape].

Hwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hwaza.

Hwaba (Hwabha), v. Milk a cow (ace.)
slightly, perhaps from only a single
teat, so as to leave the majority of the
milk for the calf; (C.N.) make a person
(ace.) thin, as sickness or fatigue.

Phr. ungihuabele eximitiyo, he milked for
me cows already in calf (which should not
be milked), i.e. he let out to me matters
which he ought to have kept quiet, things
improper to be openly spoken about.

i(li)-Hwabadiya, n. Any broad, flat, thin
thing of a stiff nature like a hide-shield,
broad stiff leaf, or big ear (cp. i(li)-Qo-
bodo ) standing prominently out = i(li)-
Htvahwa, i(li)-Hau>u; also isi-Hwaba-
diya.

isi-Hwabadiya,«, Woman's isidwaba when
neglected and ungreased, and so stiff
and flat and of a dirty whitish appear-
ance; dirty dusty-looking body of an
unwashed Native; such a dirty, slovenly
person; anything of a dirty -whitish ap-
pearance from neglect, age, etc, (= isi-
Hwahwa, isi-Hwaduhtvadu, isi-Kwayi-
mba); also — i(li)-Hwabadiya.

i(li)-Hwabihwabi, n. (N) = i(li)-Habehabe.

isi-Hwaduhwadu, n. Dirty, slovenly person
with a dusty-looking uncleaned body
and neglected dress; such a neglected,
ungreased and therefore dusty-looking
Isidwaba = isi-Hwabadiya, isi-Hwa-
hwa, isi-Huzu, isi-Hwatuhwatu.

Hwaduza, v. Make a flapping noise, as a
long stiff isidwaba or mackintosh, when
walking sharply.

HWA 273

Hwaduzela, v. Walk sharply along with
such a flapping noise, as above.

i(li)-Hwahwa, n. = i(li)-Hwabadiya.

isi-Hwahwa, n. = isi-Hwabadiya.

Hwahwaza, v. Make a hissing or fizzing
noise, as when passing urine (for which
the word is sometimes used), or meat
frying. Cp. haza; hahaza.

Hwalala, v. = hwelela.

Hwala hwala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hwala-
za (C.N.).

i(li)-Hwalahwala, n. Thing of a motled
appearance i. e. with zigzag wavings or
irregular blotches of light and dark
colouring, as a puff-adder or motled
soap (= isi-Hwaqahwaqa); plur. ama-
Hwalahwala, such zigzag motlings or
irregular blotches of light and dark
colour (= ama-Hwaqahwaqa).

Hwalaza, v. (C.N.) = halaza.

Hwamuka (s.k.),v. — hantuka.

H warn u la, v. = haniula.

i(li)-Hwanqa, n. Man with much hair about
the cheeks ; bullock, fowl, etc., black with
white spots or small patches all over
the body -- the markings being deeper
and more clearly cut than in the i-mPu-
nga ; i-Hwanqa elibomvu, a beast marked
similarly to above but with brown
instead of black (— i-Nala; cp. ama-Qa-
nda-ka Hayiba ; i-nTusikazi ).

ubu-Hwanqa,w. Hairiness about the
cheeks; whiskers; sometimes applied to
hairiness about the ehest or above the
navel (see um-Bete).

Hwapu, ukuti (Hwaphu, ukuthi), v. Make
a clutch or grab at, as a hanging fruit
(ace.) or a person's blanket; do just
slightly or a little of, as a little work,
music, talk, rest, etc. = ukuti hwapu lu-
zi ; hwapuna ; ukuti jwapu.

Ex. ake ngiti hwapu entsimini, let me just
do a little bit in the field.

Hwapuluza (Hwaphuluza), v. = ukuti hwa-
pu.

Hwapuluzi, ukuti (Hwdphuluzi, ukuthi), v.
— ukuti hwapu.

Hwapuna (Htvaj)hu?ia), v. = ukuti hioapu,
jwapuna.

Hwaqa, v. Frown. Cp. hwaqabala; nyu-
kubala, nyakama; kuca.

Hwaqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hwaqa; hwaqa-
bala.

Hwaqabala, v. Be frowning, have a frown-
ing look; have a scowling look, as when
angry; be gloomy, as the sky (i-zulu)
when the sunshine is hidden by clouds;
be in low spirits, dejected in mind, have

HWE

gloomy thoughts, as from intense anxiety
or from some calamity (gen. in perf.).
Comp. fipala.

ama-Hwaqahwaqa, n. = ama-Hwalahivala.

isi-Hwaqahwaqa, n. = i(li)-Hwalahwal<< .

Hwasha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti hasha.

Hwashaza, v. = hashaza.

Hwashazela, v. = hashazela.

u(\u)-H\Nash\mba(Hwashimbha),n. = u(lu)-
Hwashumba.

u(lu)-Hwashuhwashu, n. = u(lu)-Hwashu-
mba.

u(lu)-Hwashumba (Hwashumbha), n. Any
very long or tall thing, as a long stick,
post, or person (= u(lu)-Htvashuhwa-
shu); also = isi-Huzu.

isi-Hwatuhwatu (Htvathuhwathu), n. — isi-
Huzu.

Hwatuza (Hwathuza), v. Do in a slovenly,
untidy, dirty manner, as in keeping
tidy one's goods in the hut, putting on
one's dress, etc. = yataza.

Hwatuzela (Hwathuzela), v. Go in a slov-
enly, dirty manner, as to dress or body
= yatazela.

Hwaxu hwaxu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — hwaxuzela.

um-Hwaxuhwaxu, n. 5. — um-Kwaxukioaxu,
urn- Twaxutwaxu.

Hwaxuzela, v. = kivaxuzeta, tivaxuzela.

Hwaya, v. Scatter seed (ace.) by throwing
it in handfuls (cp. fumba); scrape,
scratch with long-drawn scratches, as
a dog scraping up the earth (ace.) with
its paw, a person scraping food or burnt
crust from a pot or paint from a door,
or as thorn-bushes scrape one's body
(cp. pala; kukuza); (N.) = hlwaya.

Hwayi hwayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (N.) = uku-
ti hayi hayi.
Hwayiza, v. = hayiza.

i(li)-Hwayo, n. Sound, as of a person walk-
ing and not seen (C.N.).

Hwaza, v. = hoza; htvahtvaza.

Hweba, v. Trade, barter (used by the ori-
ginal white-traders in these parts, who
came mostly from the Cape — C.N. fr.
Xo.).

Hwebeda, v. = gogoda.

Hwebeleda, v. (C.N.) = hwebeda.

um-Hwebi, n. 1. Trader — see hweba.

Hwelela, v. Get dusk, begin to get dark
in the evening = swelela, hwalala; cp.
hlwa [Her. zorera, become dark].

um-Hwesheba, n. 5. Any long narrow
thing, as leaf of a gum-tree, narrow
strip of cloth, etc.

18

HWE

um-Hweshu, ». .5. (N) — um-Hweshuba.

um-Hweshuba, n. 5. = um-Hwesheba.

HwV, ukuti (ukuiki), v. Take off with a
sudden rush or snatch, whisk away (—
hwita); take a 'snatch' or sip at any
hot drink (ace. = hivibila, punga).

Hwibi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hwibila, ukuti

tiwi.
Hwibila, v. Take a sip at, sip, any hot

liquid from a vessel or with a spoon =

punga, ukuti hwi or hwibi.

Hwilikiqa (s.k.), v. (C.N.) = hilikiqa.

Hwili hwVli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Have a short
wrangling dispute or squabble, as two
persons quarrelling over something.

Ex. site satana hwili hwili noBani, we

274 IS

got to have a quarrel (of words) with So-
and-so.

Hwiliza or Hwilizana, v. Have a short
wrangling dispute or quarrel of words
with one another.

Hwipiliza (Hiviphiliza), v. (C.N.) = hwita.
Hwipilizi, ukuti (Hwiphilizi, ukuthi), v.
(C.N.) = ukuti hwi.

Hwita (Hwitha), v. Take off with a sudden
quick motion or snatch, whisk off, as a
hawk a small fowl (ace.) or a person any
small article. Cp. hlwita.

Hwlxi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hwixila.

Hwixila, v. (C.N.) — kwixila.

HwVxi hw'ixi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = hwixiza.

Hwixiza, v. (C.N.) — kwixiza.

in Zulu always takes the continental sound,
as in the English word 'ravine.' It has
three varieties of length — (1), a short i, as in
the Zulu words imini (noon) and utl (stick),
resembling the sound in the English words
'imminent' and 'tin'; (2), a full i, occurring
generally in the penultimate of words, as in
hiUi (choke) and mina (me), and pronounced
as in the English word 'routine'; (3), a long
i, of rare occurrence and having no equivalent
in Engli>h, as in the words isi-Sila (bird's-
tail ) and isi-Hlya (pumpkin-mash), and which
may be most conveniently distinguished in
script by a it.
I, int. = wu.

I. I'i'rs. pron. for nouns of the 3rd. class
sing, and the 5th. cl. plur.

Ex. inja i-luma, the dog it bites.
n a it i i-kula, the trees they grow.

Iji (accent on the last syll.), adv. Outright.
Cp. ukuti ji.

Ex. us'emuke iji, he has gone off for good.
bambulala iji, they killed him outright.

I ma, conj. (C.N.) — uma.

Imbala (Imbhala), adv. Really! actually!

a fact ! -- when expressing surprise —

bala, mbala, nembala.

Ex. ' udwendwe luyakufika namhla k'oSi-

bambani.' 'Imbala!' 'the bridal-party will

arrive to-day at So-and-so's.' 'Do vou sav

Impela (8.p.), adv. Indeed, truly, really;
thoroughly, properly, utterly,' quite, al-
together = uqobo, isibili. See pela.

Ex. ngiyakukn&haya impela, I shall really
strike yon.

da impela, he learnt it (English)
properly.

kubi impela, it is thoroughly bad.
ayikafiki impela, it (the string) has not
yet quite reached (there).

ukw-lndhla floe. ekw-Indhla), n. Time of
the new-mealies i. e. from the time when
they become hard and ripe (but not
harvested, which is in ubu-Sika), and
therefore included in the term i(li)-Hlo-
bo, q.v.

Ingabe, adv. It may be, may be, perhaps.
Cp. mhlawumbe.

Ingani, adv. Whereas, while on the con-
trary, whereas really ; notwithstanding

» that, even though; why, don't you see
(with a subordinate sentence).

Ex. umuiitu angati uhlakanipile, ingani
isituta, one might think he is sharp, whereas
really he is a fool.

wafika wahlupeka; ingani bengimtshelile,
he got to suffer; and notwithstanding that
I had told him.

wampoqa nje; ingani gena itb'engatandi,
he just forced her; even though she was not
willing.

ingani ' belina, why, dou't you remember, it
was raining — when surprised at some state-
ment made.

Inganti (s.t.),adv. = ingani.

Inganti njalo (s.t.),adv. Whereas really;
whereas, you know.

Inxa, adv. and conj. If, when = uma, nxa.

Inxashana, adv. and conj. = inxa.

Isibili, adv. (mostly used in Natal, seldom
in Zululand) = impela, uqobo.

Ishi-ke (s.k. — accent on the final particle^,
int. You speak the truth! Quite true! —
thrown in during a conversation by a
listening party when he wants to ex-

IT

27b

JA

press strong assent to any statement
made (used mainly by old men) = yishi-
ke.

Itangi (Ithangi), adv. (C.N. — now nearly

obsolete) = kutangi.
Iwu, int. = wu.

lya ('short i), int. expressing repugnance,
strong dislike, disgust, or impatience,
as at the speech or action of another,

and similar to Eng. 'enough of that!'
'get away!' 'what stuff!' 'just hold
your tongue ! ' etc.

um-lyane (plur. im-lyane^, n. 5. = u-Miya-

ne.
Izolo, adv. Yesterdajr. Cp. namhla, ngo-

rnuso [Nyanye. igolo; (Ja. gulo; MZT.

ijilo; Her. erero; Bo. zana\.

Ex. imihla naixolo, every day.

I in Zulu hits the .same sound as iu Eng-
^ lish.

Ja, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be stretched out i. e.
lie at full length, or sit with the legs
extended, as a man resting when fa-
tigued or dead, or a snake lying extend-
ed on the road; have the limbs hanging
stretched out i. e. be thoroughly done
up, quite strengthless, as one fatigued,
enervated, discouraged, etc. (— ukuti
jabalala, jakalala, bambalazi, dantsha);
I be peacefully relaxed, with no disturbing
tension of any kind, as a person's heart
when quite happy (= ukuti tsha).

i(li)-Ja, n. Common swift (Cypselux apus
= i(li)-Hlolamvula) ; plur. ama-Ja, mu-
cus discharged from the urethra upon
sexual excitement (= anta-Gamika; not
semen — ama-Lota); milk of a cow
when already iu calf [Nyamb. mseja,
bull].

i-nJa, n. Dog; person of very inferior
caste, of low habits of life, coarse ill-
behaved manners, or despicably poor
(= i-nJanjateka) [Skr. svan, dog; Lat.
canis; Ar. jakal, jackal; Di. djo, dog;
Sa. ango; Dun. ?iyakabwa; Bu. igalo;
Her. o-mbua; Sw. etc. nibwa; Kag. etc.
ibwa; Ngu. etc. bwa; At. aja].

Ex. inja yeduna, or yeufcabi (castrated),
or yenkunxi (entire), a male dog.

inja yentsikaxi, a bitch.

Phr. inja yenkosi, inja yamaNtungwa, inja
yomSutu, a dog of the chief, of the Mautu-
ugwas, of an Msutn, i. e. a caterpillar of
any hairy species.

isl-Ja (Isii-Ja), n. Water remaining in
the hemp-horn after smoking = is-Aja.
X.B. This water is poured down the but-
tocks of a cow that doesn't readily discharge
the placenta after calving, as a remedv for
the ill.

ubu-Nja, n. Lowness of caste; common-
ness of living, rudeness of manners, or
despicable poverty.

Jaba (Jabha), v. Be abashed, made asham-
ed, feel discredited, covered with con-

fusion, as by a humiliating rebuke from
a superior, or a parent by the disgrac-
ing behaviour of his child; be disap-
pointed, feel one's hopes destroyed (used
in perf.) = ukuti jekelele, ukuti jabi-
yane [Sw. ajabisha, amaze, make sur-
prised].

Jabalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti ja.

isi-Jabane, n. Food consisting of green
herbs (imifino) mixed with dough of
crushed-mealies, so as to form a soft
mash = isi-Gwamba.

Jabiyane, ukuti (Jdbhiyane, ukuthi), v. Just
fall, be simply overcome, with shame,
abashment, disappointment, etc. Cp.jaba.

Jabisa (Jabhisa), v. Abash, shame, make
feel discredited or covered with confu-
sion ; disappoint, make feel disheartened,
as above — see jaba [Sw. ajabisha,
make amazed].

Jabula, v. Rejoice, be glad, be delighted,
be filled with joy, as a person or child
at any particular event or very pleasant
experience = taba, jaja. Cp. enama
[Skr. bhuj, enjoy ; Fr. jouir; It. gajo,
merry; Swe. gamman, joy].

Jabulisa, v. Gladden, make rejoice, delight,
as above.

i(li) or um-Jadu, n. 5. Dancing competi-
tion, in which, according to a custom
now dying out, the young-men and girls
of one locality would, generally during
the summer time, arrange with those of
a neighbouring locality to meet together
at any particular spot, usually out on
the veldt, for a dance-competition, the
real object being, of course, to give the
young people an opportunity of seeing
and admiring each other with a certain
amount of freedom, there being no el-
ders or public present = i(li)-Gwija,
i(li)-Gija. Cp. u-Nomzimane.

i-nJadu,w. = i(li)-Viti.

P. injadu yomhambi iyakandhkoa, the

snuff-pouch of a traveller is hardly worked
/. e. get* no rest, is being constantly called

is

JA

upon tor • pinches of Bnuff' by strangers
along the way.

Jaha or Jahela, v. Become of fine robust

build; grow or put on a stout, muscular

body, as a young-man in bis prime

(used in perf. = see i(U)-Jaka); race or

illop a horse < ace. — N. fr. D.jag, bunt).

i(li)-Jaha. >/. Man with a fine, robust, stout-
ly-built body (gen. not tall), a 'strap-
ping' fellow isi-Jaqaba, i(li)-Kwama-
lala [Bo. jaha, strong, able-bodied].

um-Jaho, >/. 5. Horse-race [D. see jaha],

Jaka (s. k.), v. Act in a beadstrong, pig-
headed manner; do from ill-tempered
obstinacy =jila [Ga. mpaka, obstinate].

i-nJaka (s. k.), n. Ill-tempered obstinacy,
intractableness, pigheaded-ness, wilful
contentiousness. Cp i-nKani; u(hi)-Ka-
nda.

isi-Jaka (s. k.), n. Ill-tempered, pigheaded,
contentiously beadstrong, intractable
person = isi-Jila, i-nJinini.

ubu-Jaka (s. k.), n. Mental condition of the
above.

Jakada (s. k.), v. = jakaja.

Jakaja (s.k.),v. Reproach, upbraid, scold
with humiliating or contemptuous correc-
ts in, as one might a person or child
(ace.) for any wrong he has done or
mistake he has made = kaca.

Jakalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = ukutija.

Jakama (s. k.), v. Speak angrily to or at
a person (ace. with ela form) (C.N.).

i(li)-Jalambu or Jalamu (Jalambhu), n.

Certain forest creeper (Ipomwa con-

■fd ), allied to the jalap plant, and

possessing strong purgative qualities

now known to Natives [Eng. jalap].

i(li)-Jalidi, n. Compound (on the mines)
[Eng. yard].

i(li)-Jalimane, n. Certain variety of sweet-
potato, much grown by the German
ttlere in Natal, whence the name; a
1 rerman (N).

i-nJalo, //. One of the small-sized tubers
of the potato, dumbi, or other similar
plant, which are usually selected for
ing. Cp. i-nTsentsane.

Jaluza, r. Be continuously on the move,

•ing to and fro, here and there, as a

-on busily moving about in a kraal

or garden, or a man repeatedly going

to and fro to stool or pass urine, as at

a beer-drink or when being purged =

aluza.

Jama, v. Look sternly, severely, fiercely,

a person (ace. with ela form), as

when angrily regarding him, or as a

276 JE

fierce bull does at a passer-by when it
lays its head on one side and sniffs
angrily (= toba). Cp. golozela.

Jamba (Jamb ha), v. = jaba.

Jambalala, ukuti (Jdmbhalala, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti ja.

i(li)-Jambe (Jambhe), n. Tree with hand-
some berries (C.N.).

i(li)-Jangazi, n. (N) = i(li)-Jengezi.

i-nJanjateka (Janjatheka), n. Dog of a
fellow; poor, low-class person (term of
abuse only).

um-Janjato (Janjatho), n. 5. The long
rafter in a Native hut which runs from
door to back and rests on the pillars =
um-Bambato. Cp. um-Shayo.

i(li)-Jankomo (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Jiya-
nkomo; (C.N.) name given to a set of
boys of the same age.

Janquza, Writhe, wriggle the body, as a
caterpillar or snake when struck, or a
man when suffering great pain = zi-
binya. Cp. y aluza [Sw. jinyonga,
writhe].

i(li)-Jantamo (s. t.), n. Name given to a set
of girls of the same age (C.N.).

u-Jantshi (s. t.), n. Rail, as on a tram or
railway line [Eng.].

i(li) or isi-Jaqaba, n. An i(li)-Jaha or fine
stoutly-built muscular young man of
medium or shortish height = isi-Sha-
qaba.

i(li)-Jatana (s. t.), n. Contents of any ves-
sel, as of water, mealies, etc., when only
about a quarter to one half full. Cp.
isi-Cete; isi-Qentu.

i(li)-Jati (s.t.),n. Contents of any vessel,
basket, etc., as of beer, mealies, etc.,
when only about three-quarters full. Cp.
isi-Cete; isi-Qentu.

i-nJavunjavu, n. Food of a semi-solid na-
ture, as lumps of boiled pumpkin, meat,
etc. (not a mash or porridge — see i-
nGabungabu) when excessively 'wa-
tery', sodden, insipid, washed-out.

Jayela, v. = jwayela.

Jayeza, v. = jwayela.

u or i(li)-Jazi, n. 1. Overcoat [D. jas).

Jeka (s. k.), v. Have sexual connection
with a female (ace. — only used in ob-
scene conversation) (C.N.). Cp. zeka
[Suk. jeku, bull; mu-sheki, female; Ngu.
Go. Ze. njeku, bull; Kwe. nzeku, bull;
Nyamb. mwi-shiki, girl].

u or i(li)-Jekamanzi (s.k.),n. 1. Dragon-
fly (from connection with above, the
word should be carefully used) = u-
Zekamanzi.

JE

277

Jl

u-Jeke (s.k.),n.l. Jug [Eng.].

um-Jekejeke (s.k.),n.5. Certain small veldt
bird.

Jekelele, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = jaba,
ukuti jabiyane.

i(li)-Jekezi (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Jengezi.

i(li)-Jele, n. = i-nGwe.

um-Jele, n. 5. Bull, of cattle or any large
animal (as lions, elephants, etc.), which
is already past its prime and no longer
intent upon the cows, but not so old as
the um-Jendeou, q.v.; an adult girl al-
ready beyond the marriageable age (see
um-Jendevu, um-Gxikiva ).

u-Jeleza (no pin?:), n. = i(li)-Bece.

i-nJelwa or Jelwane, n. = i-Ngungumbane.
Phr. uBani uxalise okweqanda lemjelwane,
So-and-so begets children rapidly, at unu-
sually short intervals.

Jembuluka (Jembhuluka), v. Get poured
out in a long-drawn string, be of a
slimy, tenacious nature, as below = le-
mbuluka, dembuluka. Cp. juza.

i-nJembuluka (Jembhuluka), n. Anything
of a slimy, tenacious nature, as dribble,
castor-oil, etc. Cp. i-nJimbilili ; i-Nciki-
nciki.

i-nJembunjembu (Jembhunjembhu),n. = i-
nJembuluka; u(lu)-Dembudembu.

um-Jendevu, w.J. Old bull past further
service, and older than the um-Jele; an
'old girl' or unmarried female of per-
haps nearly thirty years of age, i.e. older
than an um-Jele, but younger than an
um- Gxikiva.

u-Jenga, n. Certain small bird = u-Jenge-
yana.

u(lu)-Jenga, n. Endless, uninterrupted
succession or continuous train, as of
cattle, wagons, etc. (with hlaba). Cp.
i(li)-Hele; u(lu)-T>w endive; u(lu)-Boko;
u(lu)-Tunge.

i-nJengele, n. Influential, important per-
son (C.N.) = isi-Kulu.

u-Jengeyana, n. = u-Jenga.

i(li)-Jengezi or Jengesi, n. Mucilaginous
evacuation of an infant or calf, during
the first few days after birth; (in some
localities ) any similar mucilaginous sub-
stance, as boiled starch, mucus from the
bowels, etc.

Jeqe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = jeqeza.

Jeqeza, v. Turn the head round for a mo-
ment i. e. give a look behind or aside at
anything (ace), as to glance at one
following = ukuti jeqe.

i-nJetimana (s.t.),n. = i-nJitimana.

Jeza, v. Come under censure, severe re-
primand or condemnation of one's chief,
superior or parent (not merely to come
under the blame or reproval of one's
equals = tetisiva) [Her. vera, improve].
Ex. uBani wjexile, So-and-so has been up
for censure (before the 'boss'i.

Jezisa.v. Censure, severely reprimand,
condemn, as a chief, superior or parent
an ill-doing servant (ace.) or child.

Ji, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do anything Outright,
altogether, as an animal (ace.) when kill-
ing it, a fire when extinguishing it, a
hut when building it, or when going
'right' off to sleep, or 'right' or far
away into another land, or a thing
thrown — hence, often equivalent to Eng-
lish 'right', 'quite' (see iji).

Ex. ?is'elele ute ji, he has already gone
right off to sleep, or he is now Cast asleep
(see jihijiki).

umlilo sawucima sawuti ji, we put the
fire right out.

mama kakulu uBuhle! umshubo, ji ! a
thousand hurrahs for Ubuhle ( the name of
the killer's kraal)! a clean bowl-over, and
outright! — a cry of hunters when one of
their number has effectively stabbed a buck,
shot a buffalo, etc.

JT, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = jiba.

isi-Ji^. Small hole, such as is scooped
out of a path by an ant-bear, or as
might remain where a person has dug
out a spadeful of hard ground (= isi-
Sele; cp. um-Godi; isi-Ningo); any
dangerous, unpleasant place, circum-
stances or company into which one
'falls' by chance, as a kraal in which
there is small-pox or a general fight;
the 'throw', or distance covered by a
stone, stick, etc., when flung or hurled ;
the 'throw' of a person i.e. ability to
throw far (= isi-Ju).

Phr. ngaye nyaposeka csijini, I went and
fell into a nasty place, i.e. an undesirable
crowd, hut with disease, etc.

unesiji lo'mfana, he knows how to throw,
he has a long throw, has this boy.

Jiba, v. Fling a thing (ace), send it flying
off, as when throwing it out of one's
way or carelessly over to another (=
ukuti ji, jwiba, ziviba); (C.N.) go down
out of sight (= shona).

u-Jiba, n. Variety of Kafir-corn, somewhat
resembling im'fe in appearance of ear.

um-Jibe, >/. 5. Grass-rope used for bind-
ing down the outside thatch of a Native
hut when the thatch is left uncovered
by matting (see duza) — a number of
these ropes are fixed to the crown of

/

Jl

278

the hut and then led vertically down the
outside of the thatching to the ground, 1
where they are bound fast to the lowest J
wattles; 'other similar ropes going
horizontally round the hut, holding the l
vertical ropes in place, are not called |
urn-Jibe; (C.X.) rafter of hut, large or
small.

i'tbazafjibhaza), v. Speak contemptuously
of, as of a worthless article (ace.) pur-
chased in a store or given as a present,
or <>1' another person (ace.) when revil-
ing or ridiculing him. Cp. filisa; du-
maza.

JTgi, ukuti (ukuthi),v. — jugujela.

Jigida, r. Speak in an angry, contemptuous,
abusively violent manner at a person
(ace with ela form) (C.N.).

Jigijela, v. (C.N.) = jikijela.

Jija, v. Draw out a thing or action 'long-
lv ', make a long, extended thing of it,
as when talking on and on interminably,
when taking a very long drink of beer
(ace.) so as to get deep down in the pot,
when doing a long stretch of country
(ace) at a single walk, when stringing
on a large number of beads (ace), or
when following up a buck (ace.) for a
long way = jinja, shisha.

Ex. abafaii bonke bakona bajijile, all the
women of that place have done the thing
limglv i. e. have unusually long top-knots
(see um-Jijo i.

way'eloku eyyija, kwangati kasoxe waqeda,
he kept going on with a long string of it
i the affair), as if he would never get to the
end.

hade kujija uba lapa? who has been doing
deeply here (in my beer) i.e. who has
l)'-en taking sneh a long drink at it?

um-Jijane, n. 5. Any long drawn-out thing,
a long woman's-topknot, a tall per-
son or tree, etc. = um-Jijibe.

um-Jijibe, n. 5. = um-Janjato; also um-
Jijane.

Jijibeza, /*. = jijimeza.

Jijimeza, v. Hurl far the assegai (ace.) or
B stone, take a long throw with it (ge-
m-rally after a run to gather impetus),
at a distant buck (ace with ela form)
= jijiza, jujubezn. Com p. ciba.

um-Jijimezelo, n. ~>. A long throw or hurl

with an assegai or stone, as at any

distant object um-Jujubezelo. Cp.
■Ji.

Jijiza or Jijizela, v. Take a 'long' go at a

thing, as a long throw, a long drink, etc.

um-Jijo, n. 5. Any long drawn-out thing,

a long woman's-topknot, long drink

of beer (um-Cibo), long speech, string
of beads, etc. See jija.

Jika or JTkajika (s.k.),v. Dangle, swing
about (intrans.), as a calabash hung up
by a string, beads hanging from the
hair or ear, or a child swinging on a
tree (see um-Jikeni) (= jikaza; cp. zu-
la); dangle (trans.) i.e. make dangle,
put so as to dangle or swing about, as
a person hanging up a calabash (ace)
by a string so that it dangles, or when
pushing to and fro a swinging child (—
jikisa, jikajikisa, jikaza, jikazisa) [Sw.
jongoa, swing; Her. nyinganyinga].

Jikajikazisa (s.k.),v. = jika.

Jikaza (s. k.), v. = jika.

Jikazisa (s. k.), v. = jika.

um-Jikeni (s.k.),n.5. A swinging, as of
a child on a tree when playing (= u-
Zamjiki); a swilling down outright at
a single draught, as a pot of beer.

Ex. ukw-enxa umjikeni, to have a swing,
to be swinging (at play); to swill down at
a single draught.

Jtki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Be sound
asleep (with lala) = ukuti ji, ukuti jiki-
jiki.

Jikijela (s.k.), v. = jukujela.

JVkijiki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k), v. Send, or
go, far away, as when throwing a stick
or the stick thrown ; be far away i. e.
in deep sleep = ukuti jukujuku, ukuti ji.

um-Jikijelo (s.k.),n.5. A throwing far, as
of a stick or stone, i. e. the getting
thrown thereof ; a thrown blow i. e. dealt
by something hurled, not held by the
hand = um-Jukujelo; isi-Kemelele.

Ex. washaywa ngomjikijelo (wewisa), he
was struck by a knobkerry thrown (at him).

Jikiza (s. k.), v. (C.N.) = jikaza.

u(lu)-Jikwe (s.k.), n. — u(lu)-Jilo.

Jila, v. Act in a stubborn, headstrong, ill-
tempered manner, as when obstinately
refusing to do anything necessary when
requested (= jaka ) ; toss the head (with
ngekanda) on one side, as when show-
ing disdain; also (C.N.) throw, toss ge-
nerally (=jiba); toss about, as a per-
son with pain; toss inwardly, as with
excitement (cp. yilayileka).

isi-Jila, n. Stubborn, headstrong, ill-tem-
pered person = isi-Jaka.

um-Jila, n.Ji. (N) = i(li)-Gojela.

u(lu)-Jilo, n. Any unusually long thing, as
a horn, woman's top-knot, etc.; kind of
i-mBondwe, producing a stalk much
longer and upright than the common-
variety (= u(lu)-Jikwe, um-Hlazaluti ).

J I 279

bnJimbilili (Jimbhilili), n. Any thickish
slimy, slippery liquid, of a flat, insipid,
nauseating taste devoid of sharpness or
flavour (as perceived by the mouth, not
the touch — see i-Ncikinciki ), as dish-
water, long stagnant pool-water, linseed-
water, or castor-oil = i-nJimbilizi; cp.
i-nJ embuluka.

Jimbiliza or Jimbilizela (Jimbhiliza), v.
Drink anything of the nature of an i-
nJimbilili.

I-nJimbilizi (Jimbhilizi), n. = i-njimbilili.

Jinga, v. Be always at, be always after, be
continually wanting to get at, as a fly
at a sore (ace), a young-man after a
particular girl, or one person another
against whom he has a grudge and
hence won't leave alone (used in pert'.);
stick close to, keep to, as a child to a
friend ( ace. or with reciproc. form )
among a strange crowd, or a man close-
ly following up a buck so as not to
lose sight of it = joka, nxiba. Cp.
kontsa; kunya.

Ex. uy'iloku engijingile, he is always at
me ( irritating me, troubling me, etc.)

g'iloku beyijinge iiiyamazane, they have
been all along following up the buck.

wojingana noBani, you must keep close
to, stick to So-and-so (as when travelling
alone).

i-nJinga, n. Rich, wealthy man; applied
by women to one of their number who,
through being especially favoured by
the common husband, adopts a proud,
unsociable manner towards the other
wives.

um-Jingandhlu, n. 5. = um-Zingandhlu.

Jinge or Jingene, verb. part, expressing
'constantly, continually, repeatedly' =
de, bele, hambe, zinge, singe.

Ex. itjing'esho, or ujixgen'esho, he is al-
ways saying so ( see jinga ).

isi-JTngi (Jiingi), n. = isi-Hiya [Sw. uji,
porridge].

i(li)-Jingijolo (noplur.), n. Blackberiw bush
(Rubus rigidus); fruit thereof. Cp. i(li)-
Tshalo [Sw. mchongoma].

isi-Jmgo (Jiingo), n. Nape or back of the
neek = isi-Jungujungu; cp. isi-Konkosi,
i(li)-Zongwe [Sw. shingo, neck ; Bo. si-
ngo; Nye. dingo; MZT. in-singo; Ga.
using o; Her. o-sengo].

Ex. itambo lesijmgo, prominent bone of
the spine at the back of the neck.

i mi-Jingo, //. (C.N.) = um-Gciko.
isi or i-nJinini,w. = isi-Jaka.

JO

JTngoza (Jiingoza), v. Work the nape (isi-
Jingo) of the neck i. e. move it con-

stantly backwards and forwards, as a
duck when walking, or a lame ox, or
some young-men when dancing affecta-
tiously (.-= gintshoza, cikoza); go alone
or unaccompanied, as a person when
travelling (= joloza).

i-nJingwenikazi (s. k.), n. = i-n-Jolikazi.

Jinja, v. = jija; also (N) 'change', as mo-
ney [Eng.].

u(lu)-Jinji, n. Long string or succession
of things, as of cattle (cp. u(lu)-Jenga),
locusts spitted on a stick (-— u(lu)-
Biqo), etc.

Jinjiteka (Jinjitheka), v. — junjuteka.

um-Jiva, n. 5. Swallow-tail coat (N).

Jivaza, v. = jibaza.

Jiya, v. Become thick, firm, stiff (losing
the fluid state), as porridge when mixed
with an excess of meal, or starch when
boiling; become hardened or more dif-
ficult to deal with, as a man who, pre-
viously disposed to part with a thing
now shows himself unwilling; attain
one's full growth and become physically
set, as a young person when about
twenty-five years of age [Lat. gelo, con-
geal]/

Ex. selijiyiie, it is now thick (the porridge),
it has now become firm or stiff.

i(li)-Jiyankomo (s.k.), n. (N.) = i(li)-Hlola-
mvula.

Jiyela, v. Hamper, deprive of freedom of
action, as an injured limb its owner
(ace), or hindering circumstances (=
jiyeza); (more customarily transposed
into the passive) Jiyelwa, be hampered,
bound, obstructed, deprived of freedom
or ability of action, as by an injured
limb, an authoritative prohibition, com-
plicated or confined circumstances (used
in perf.) Comp. vimbela. [Her. tyaera,
hinder].

Ex. ngijiyelwe unyawo; ngijiydwe ukuha-
mba, I am prevented by my foot; I am pre-
vented from going.

Jiyeza, v. = jiyela.

Jiyezeka (s.k.), v. Get hampered, be in a
hampered state, as above —jiyela.

Jiyisa, /•. Thicken, stiffen, as one might
any fluid stuff (ace.) - see jiya.

Jo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti te.

Jobelela, v. Unite a thing with, add it on
to, something else so as to lengthen it,
as one piece of string (ace.) on to ano-
ther (= xumelela) ; add on to something
else so as to increase its quantity, as
more mealies (ace.) to what is already
in a sack so as to make it full (comp.
engeza) [Skr. yuj, join].

JO 280

ytjobelele kule, join it I the string) on

Kx.
to this

jobelela, lugctcdle, add on (the beer), so
that it i the beer-pot) be filled.
Jobelelana, v. Join or add on one to ano-
ther.

Kx. bayajobelelana abantu, the people are
adding on one to another i. e. increasing by
constant additions, as when arriving one after
another for a dance or huut.

kujobelelene konhe loJco, all that is joined
one to the other i.e. is made up of connect-
ed pieces.
i-nJobo, //. Single 'tail' or piece of twisted
skin, of those which collectively form
the i(li)-Dhlaka; plur. izi-nJobo, applied
collectively to either or both of the
bunches of such tails worn by a man
dangling below the hips, between the
isinene and ibeshu; (C. N.) certain plant
growing in damp soils, and used medi-
cinally for round-worms.

Kx. i(li)-rroloda li'»yobo'ti, the mungoose
is [i.e. will make) so-many tails (when its
<kiu is cut into strips and twisted — the
Dumber being shown on the hand).

l'hr. ixinjobo xabo tivuxa itmHlatuxe, their
loin-tails drip ( with ) the Umhlatuze, i. e. they
come from beyond or the other side of the
I'mhlatuze.

P. tcox'tmyateVinjobo yami ka'nogwaja, iqu-
buke amaqubu, you will come to tread on
my hare-tails, whose fur will get beaten off
— a strong threat of having a serious
encounter with one at some future meeting.

injobo itungehva ebandhla, the umutsha-
tail is sewn in the company (of others) —
from whom you may receive 'tips' and
advice = take advice from the experienced,
if you would be wise.

Jobuluka (s.k.),v. Get drawn out 'long',
get stretched out, as a piece of elastic or
a worm when crawling (not spread
abroad = nwebeka); be elastic or stretch-
able; be limp, enfeebled, as the body
with enervation (used in perf.); do in a
feeble, strengthless kind of way.

um-Jobuluka (s.k.), n. 5. Any long-drawn-
out, small-bodied, pliant thing, as a long
rope, or the extended entrails of a beast,
or a long worm, or thin slender person.
e jobuluka.

Jobulula, v. Drawn out 'long', stretch out,
above jobuluka.

Joja, r. Thrust or poke into, as a stick
into the earth (ace.) or into any body;
more particularly, thrust a stick or sticks
up the anus of a person (ace), empale;
injur'-, destroy by making rotten at the
ro of water or rain does

mealies (ace.) or other plants; have an

JO

excess of sub-soil moisture so
be injurious to plants growing

as to
there,
as some low-lying places (used in perf.)
[Her. tyova, thrust with a pointed instru-
ment; Sw. jongeza, thrust; chochea,
poke fire].

N. B. A person caught red-handed, or even
smelt out, as carrying on the practice of ta-
kata, was, in the old days in Zululand, se-
cretly got hold of and then and there killed
by having already prepared sticks, pointed at
each end, thrust up the anus in different
directions. He was not previously rendered
senseless by any knocking with sticks, so
that he might feel the full effects of the
operation. He was then left to die on the
spot; and even though the culprits might be
known, they were quite safe, being regarded
as having conferred a public benefit by get-
ting rid of au umtakati.

i(li)-Joja or Joje, n. = i(li)-Boje.

u-Jojo, n. Kafir-finch {Penthetria ardens).

P. ujojo umi nqoti Iwake, the finch stands
by means of his own stick = each one
sticks to his own guns, party, contention, etc.

N. B. Children when driving off these birds
from the corn-fields cry ' Jojo wokalo! nanto
uti emuva!' 'Jojo of the ridge (i.e. who
bravely attacks and joja's an umtakati on
the open way), there is his stick behind him!

u(lu)-Jojo, n. Any long pointed thing, thing-
standing prominently forward and point-
ed, as a fool's-cap, long pointed nose,
etc. Cp. u(lu)-Tshubungu.

Phr. ixinjojo zamehlo, staring prominent
eyes.

Jojobezela, v. Give an angry threatening
look at one (ace.) = jojomezela.

i-nJojomela, n. Tall thing, as some unu-
sually large beer-vessels (i-mBiza or
u(lu)-Kamba), tall i. e. silk hat, etc.

Jojomezela, v. = jojobezela.

u-Jojo-wokalo, ii. Nickname given to a
brave, 'who attacked and killed an en-
emy or umtakati in the open' ; shouted
to a man when slashing about like a
brave at the giya dance; also to the
bird u-jojo when flying in the corn-
fields.

J oka (s.k.),v. = jinga.

i(li)-Joka (s.k.), n. = i(li)-Goda; also yoke
[D. juk].

u(lu)-J6kojoko (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Hoshaho-
sha.

Jokomeza (s. k.), v. Scold vehemently, speak
violently to (C.N.).

Jokozela (s.k.), v. = gobozela; also (C.N.)
xokozela.

um-Jokujoku (s.k.),n.o. = u(lu)-Jokojoko.

JO

281

JU

Jola, v. Smoke hemp in the Baca fashion
i. e. by filling the mouth with water,
then with smoke from the horn, and
finally passing the lathered spittle
through a long reed with the channel
open for half its length down (N.).

i-nJolikazi (s.k),n. Favourite wife = i-nTa-
ndokazi, i-nJingweuikazi.

um-Jolo, n. 5. Smoking-reed, as above -
jola.

Jolojoloza or Joloza, v. Go, be, do all
alone, as one staying in a kraal or going
to a dance all by himself (= jingoza);
stare or fix the gaze on one (ace. with
ela form == njolozela, golozela).

u-Jolojolwana or Jolwana, n. Nickname
given to a man who always stays at
home, not going up with other men to
the chief's or military kraal, nor readily
turning out to fight; (C.N.) man not
properly girt with his umutsha.

Ex. ojolwaiia abadhla amasi okuliashaxa,
the stay-at-home ones who ate the rattling
amasi.

i-nJomane, n. Horse — the word having
apparently been coined about the time
of the first appearance of Dingiswayo
in Zululand.

u-Jomela, n. — u-Jojo.

i(li)-Jomela, n. Long tail-feather, generally
(= i(li)-Gojela); small bunch of i(li)-
Sakabuli feathers (also sometimes those
of the i-nTlekwane), say half a dozen,
and worn on the side or top of the
head when going courting, etc. Cp.
um-Nyakanya; isi-Saka.

i-nJomela, n. (C.N.) = i-nJonjomela.

Jomula, v. = domula.

um-Jomulo, n. 5. Anything taken by a
girl from the young man whom she
favours among many, so as to show
that she has chosen him (C.N.).

Jona, v. = jola.

um-Jono, n. 5. = um-Jolo.

i(li)-Jongo or Jongosi, n. Young bullock,

person, etc. [D. joncj, young; os, oxj.
Jongolozela, v. = tshongolozela.
Jongulula, v. (N.) = enyula.
i(li)-Jonqa, n. = i(li)-Goda.

isi-Joqo, n. Shrivelled together wound-
scar or healed ulcer.

Jova, v. Vaccinate, inoculate [recent word
fr.? Eng.J.

u(lu)-Jovela, n. = i(li)-Zembe (the disease).
um-Jovo, n. 5. Vaccination, inoculation;
the virus used thereat.

i(li)-J6yi (Jooyi), n. = i(li)-Qangane.

i(li)-Jozi, n. ~ i(li)-Rrwa.

Ju, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Drop down immedi-
ately, as a person shot or dying sud-
denly (= ukuti po); 'drop' "or make
drop immediately, as a buck or ox by
one fatal shot or stab (= ukuti jubu-
luudi, jubulunda).

Ju, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation of
vowel>, v. Come or go down in a steady
gradual sinking manner, descend with
a straight vertical 'sinking' motion, as
a spider from the roof, an object sink-
ing in water, or a hawk diving strain hi
down on its prey = jula; run down or
get poured out in IfHong connected
string, as honey, dribble, or any similar
tenacious fluid; hence, be of a tenacious,
viscid nature, as honey or castor oil -
juza.

u(lu)-Ju, n. Honey (from the honey-comb)
[Lat. jus, broth; Ga. njuki, bee; Her.
ou-tyi, honey; Sw. ma-ji, juice, water;
Bo. Ursula, juice; MZT. bu-chi, honey].

Phr. ngadhla inkomo yas'oJH'iiti. — see ul-
Om.

isi or umu-Ju, w. 5. The 'throw' of a per-
son, his power of hurling far ; the ' throw '
or range of a thing thrown i. e. the dis-
tance it covers = isi-Ji.

Ex. isiju salesi rsagila silculu kunesesako,
this stick will go further than yours.

Phr. ngadhla inkomo yas'esijwini, — see
ul-Ovu.

Juba, v. Order, give orders that anything
be done, as a kraal-owner that the new-
season's food be commenced to be used,
a new hut built, etc., or as the chief
might order a hunt to take place or a
certain 'regiment' of girls to get mar-
ried (often transposed into the passive
form — jutshwa); kick out, 'let fly', as
a horse at a person (ace.) standing be-
hind it (= kaba, kahlela); kick Over
or away, 'send flying', as a man might
any small article (ace.) found in his path ;
kick about, 'send flying about', as boys
a football; kick about or let fly the legs,
as a child when struggling, or swinging
from a tree (see i-uJube); fly off, 11 v
about, as sparks of wood, iron or stone,
or chips of wood ( see i(li)-Jubela ) fly-
ing off in the chopping (= zuba; cp.
zwiba ).

i(li)-Juba, //. Bock Pigeon (Columba phce-
onota); Collared Turtle Dove (Turtur
semitorquatus); Lesser Collared Turtle
Dove (Turtur capicola); small light-blue
bead, a shade darker than the u-Zulu-
cwatile [Ga. diba, pigeon ; Bo. sua; Sw.
njiwa; Chw. li-tsiba].

JU

282

JU

i-nJuba, //. Young widow 'still courtable'
= i(li)-Dikazi. '

Jubajuba, v. reduplicated form of juba
q. v. zubazuba.

i(li)-Jubajubane, ti. Butterfly (C.N.) =
i<(! '//)- Vemvane.

i(li)-Jubantendele (s.t.),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-
Vukittti.

i(li)-Jubantondo or (C.N.) Jubantonto (s. t.),
a. Common Green Pigeon ( Vinago
delalandi).

i(li)-Jubane, //. Speed, swiftness = isi-Qu-
bu. Cp. u(lu)-Shezi.

i-nJubanjubane, n. = i-nJube.

i(li)-Jubanqangi, n. = i(li)-Sokanqangi.

i-nJube, n. A kicking about with the legs
a game played by children when hang-
ing en to a tree-branch, or held up un-
der the arm-pits by an adult (= i-nJu-
banjubane used with ukw-enza);
habit of kicking, as in a horse or cow.
See juba.

Jubeka (s.k.), v. Get ordered about or
concerning i. c. have orders given about,
as the cows (noni.) that they be milked,
a food-supply that it be started with, etc.
( used in pert'. ).

i(li)-Jubela, ?/. Chip or splinter, flying off,
as in the chopping of wood (comp. u(lu)-
Cezu); spark, such as flies off from
crackling fire-wood, or a stone when
knocked (ep. i-nTlantsi) = i(li)-Zubela.
Cp. i(li)Zabela.

u-Jubingqwanga, >/. First formed section
<>f the izi-tnPohlo regiment of Shaka,
and so called from his having com-
manded all members thereof to remove
their headrings and so become 'young-
men' again = u-Dubintlangu.

Jubulunda,/'. Bring down by a single
blow, make fall by a single shot, as a
buck (ace.) = ukuti jubulundi.

Jubuiundi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Drop down
immediately or suddenly; make so drop
or fall, as a buck (ace.) ukuti ju,

ill. Hi i junjuluzi.

Jugujela, /•. (C.N.) = ju/cujela.

ama-Jugujugu (no sing.),n. A long dis-
tance off, Ear away (used only in loc.
ema-Jugujugwini ) — kwa' Mamengala-

lil iru.

Juja, /■. Beal up with an isi.-./ujo certain

edible herbs in the water in which they

have been cooked so as to form a paste;

on persistently talking, scolding, etc.

never ceasing or making an end.

isi-Jujo, //. Forked stick twirled round
between the hands so ;is to beat to a
paste cooked herbs as above.

Jujubeza, v. — jijimeza; (C.N.) toss up, as
a child when taking it under the armpits.

um-Jujubszelo, n. 5. = tim-Jijimezelo.

Jujumba (Jujumbha), v. = tshutshumba.

Jukujela (s.k.),v. Fling at, throw at, as
at a bird (ace.) or dog with a stick (with
nga ) or stone — jikijela, ukuti juku
juku; cp. jiba; posa; jijimezela; rruba
[tier, yumba, throw; Ga. sula; Sw. vu-
rumisha.].

Ex. sebejukujelana aiucr./ri (or ugaina:ni ),
they are now throwing words at one another
— used of two people talking to one another
from a distance.

um-Jukujelo (s.k.),n.o. = wm-Jikijelo.
Jukujuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti

jikijikl, jukujela.
ama-Jukujuku (s.k.),u.= ama-Jugujugu.
Jula, v. = ukuti ju.

isi-Jula, n. Kind of assegai somewhat
larger than the i-nGcula.

isi-Julu, n. Bundle of anything bound up,
not lying loosely (C.N.). Cp. isi-Zule.

Juluka (s.k.),v. Sweat, perspire profusely
(comp. mfoma; isi-Tukutuku); used of
water produced by condensation within
a closed tank (nom.), mealie-pit, etc.
[Lat. sudor, I sweat ; Her. rukutura, to
sweat; Ga. ntuyu, perspiration].

Julukuqa (s.k.), v. = jubulunda.

Julukuqu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti
jubulundi.

Juma, v. Take a person (ace), etc., by
surprise, come down suddenly and un-
expectedly upon, as one person another
(ace.) with a blow, or as an impi sur-
prising the enemy = zurna [Her. ezi-
mue, suddenly; Sw. zukia, surprise;
juu, above.

isi-Jumba (Jitmbha), n . Large-sized pack-
age, pocket, or parcel (not irregularly
tied-up bundle — see isi-Shuqulu ), as
of grain, sugar, etc., (perhaps about a
quarter of a sack of mealies) rolled up
in sacking or matting for carrying on
the head = isi-Zumbe, isi-Zuculu.

isi-Jumbana (Jumbhana), n. Small-sized
package or parcel as above (perhaps
as large as half a pocket of sugar).

i-nJumbane (Jumbhane), n. Poison placed
on the top of the forefinger, or the
poisoned forefinger itself, of an umta-
kati, which he has only to point at a
person (uku-m-komba ngayo) so as to
cause him to die on the spot (see ukuti
ju) or cause him to become afflicted
with an i-nTelo, etc.; should he wish to
stay the effects of this action, he points

JU

283

JWA

again at him, but now with the knuckle
or the forefinger, the hand being closed
fist-wise.
isi-Jumbanyana (Jumbhanyana), n. Very
small bundle, small parcel, packet.

Jumeka (s. k.), v. Get taken by surprise,
or come down upon unexpectedly.

P. uZemdle kakalelwa; uRalelwa uJumekUe,
Mr. Did-it-himself is not sympathised with;
who is sympathised with is Mr. Befallen-by-

surpri.se (i.e. who has a misfortune come
down upon him not through any fault of
his own).

Jiindu, ukuti

i-nJundu, n.

(ukuthi), v.
Any blunt

assegai

in-Tu-

Her. ti,

knife =

= junduza.
i. e. not sharp, cut
ting instrument, as knife, axe or
= isi-Jundubezi, isi-Tuntubezi,
ntusha [Sw. ubutu, bluntness;
blunt].

Jundubeza, v. Make blunt, as a
tuntubeza.

isi-Jundubezi, n. = i-nJundu.

i-nJundunjundu, n. = i-nJundu.

Junduza, v. Cut or 'saw' away at a thing
(ace.) with any blunt instrument; make
blunt any sharp instrument (ace.) by
such use, or generally = zikiza. Cp.
tuntubeza.

u(lu)-Junguju, n. Frog's spawn; any thick
tenacious, viscid fluid that juza's when
poured out. Cp. i-nJimbilili.

isi-Jungujungu (Juungujuungu), n. — isi-

Jingo, isi-Zunguzungu.
Jungulula, v. (C.N.) = enyula.
um-Junju (more freq. in plur. imi-Junju),

it. 5. (C.N.) = um-Njunju.

isi-Junjubezi,/*. Short, worn-out stump of
any cutting instrument, as of a hoe, axe,

assegai, or very

short front teeth
isi-Ku b a, isi-Zunzub ezi.

Junjuluza, v. = jubulunda.

Junjuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti jubu-
lundi.

isi-Junjuluzi, n. (C.N.) = isi-Junjubezi.

Junjuteka (Junjutheka), v. Get excrucia-
tingly pained, i.e. have an acute, over-
powering sensation of pain (such as
makes the whole body faint and sink),
as a person's leg when struck with a
hoe on the shin, or any other member
afflicted with pain that seems to travel
quickly along the nerves to the heart
= jinjiteka; see um-Njunju.

Junjutekelwa (Junjuthekelwa), v. Get so
pained for, as above, as a person by
mortification of a bone, a painful blow,
etc.

i(li)-Jupe or Jupu (Juphe), n. Small slice
of meat (somewhat less than the hand
in size) which might be cut off for a
child from a slaughtered beast while
being cut up i(li)-Jwanjwa; i(li)-Zupe;
cp. i(li)-NUhont8h o.

Juqa, v. Do decisively, with immediate
effect, at one stroke, as when stabbing
a beast (ace), throwing at a bird, striking
at a snake, severing a rope, or deciding
an affair, and making a clean end of it
at one go. Cp. ukuti juqu.

Juqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sever or separate

forcibly apart at one go, as a reim (ace.)

a rope by
a branch

by one stroke of the knife,
giving it one violent pull, or
of a plant by one snap or wrench; be
thoroughly bitter, sour, etc. (= juqula);
hence, do anything decisively, with im-
mediate effect, at one stroke ( juqa);
get severed or separated forcibly apart
at one go, as above (= juquka); —uku-
ti vunku, zece, zucu; cp. ukuti hepu.

Ex. kwasekute juqu ukusa, it had already
fully dawned i. e. was already broad daylight.
kuyababa kute juqu, it is thoroughly sour.
bitter, salty, etc.

isi-Juqu, n. Piece (not whole), portion,
section, etc., of anything, as pieces of
string, bits cut off planks, or a party
of men separated off from the main
body; any very bitter, sour, or salty
thing = isi- Vunku.

isi-Juquba, n. = isi-Jaqaba.

Juquka (s. k.), v. = ukuti juqu, vunku ku.

Juqula, v. = ukuti juqu, vunkula, zeca,
zucula.

isi-Juqujuqu, n. reduplic. form of isi-Juqu.

Juza, v. Fall, or get poured out in a long-
connected string, as any fluid of a tena-
cious nature, like honey or castor-oil;
hence, be of a tenacious, viscid nature,
as such fluids; hang down in such a long
string-like fashion, as a single string of
beadwork down the body = ukuti ju.
Cp. gcinineka.

um-Juzo, n. 5. Long string-like pendant
of beads, worn as a bodily ornament.
See juza.

Jwa, ukuti (ukuthi), V. = ukuti /»>, ukuti
gqimu, ukuti jubulundi, ukuti ji.

i(li)-Jwabu, n. Smooth outer surface of a
tree (after the bark has been removed)
or of a knobkerry (after being polished ) ;
(more gen. in plur. ama-Jwabu) the
outer-skin of a hide (really the inner-
skin or cutis, when on the animal) which
dries hard and is scraped off in the
dressing (see pala); thin emaciated
person who is only a 'dried-up skin';

JWA 284

(N. fr. Xo.) foreskin (—i-nTlonze); other
exterior membranous skin or covering,
as of a smooth-barked tree [Bo. zobe,
foreskin].

isi-Jwana, n. Very young baboon; used
in sport of a young child (C.N.).

u(lu)-Jwangu,w. = i-mBondwe. Cp. u(lu)-
Jilo.

i(li)-Jwanjwa, //. = i(li)-Jupe.

Jwapu, ukuti (Jwaphu, ukuthi), v. Do just
slightly, or a very little of, as a little
work, talk, read, etc., or when just tak-
ing slightly out of a sack, etc. = jwa-
puna, ukuti jwatu, ukuti hwapu, ukuti
hwapuluzL

Jwapuna (Jwaphuna), v. = ukuti jwapu,
hwapuna, hwapuluza, jwatuna.

um-Jwaqu, n. 5. Lean, 'skinny' thing, as
a bullock, an old woman or old maid;
also tough juiceless meat such as might
come from a bullock as before.

Jwatu, ukuti (Jwathu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti

jwapu.
Jwatuna (Jwathuna), v. = jwapuna.
Jwayela, v. Be or get accustomed to anj'-

KA

thing (ace), as any particular food, com-
panion or habit = jayela, heheka, hu-
mheka [Lat. suesco, I am accustomed ; Bo.
zuela; Sw. zoeza, accustom ; Her. irira,
be accustomed].

Ex. ita'ckujwayele, he is now accustomed
to it, or to do it.

P. iti ingadhla amatambo ijwayele, a dog
will, by eating bones, become accustomed to
them = the doing of a thing forms a habit
— as a man might say in extenuation of
his bothering another for a pinch of snuff.

Jwayeza, v. Accustom a person (ace), etc.,
to anything (ace), make him get accus-
tomed to it, as above -jwayela — ja-
yeza, heha, humhekisa.

JwV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — jiviba, ukuti zwi.

Jwiba, v. Fling far away, 'send flying,'
as a person might any article (ace.) he
wishes to get out of the way ; fling away
oneself, 'go flying,' as a man might
when quickly throwing himself aside
out of the way of a snake, or as sparks
flying off from burning wood or ham-
mered iron == zwiba.

um-Jwili, n. 5. = um-Bimbi.

K.

\\ has two varieties of sound in Zulu — (1),
an open or expirated k; (2), a close or
iuspirated k. The former or exploded k is
practically the same as the hard English sound;
and heiug in Zulu always accompanied by a
certain amount of aspiration, is distinguished
in BCript by the combination kh, as in the
word khanya i be bright).

The close or inspirated /.• has no equivalent
in English. It may be best described as a
combination of the sounds of a g and a k, and
may therefore be regarded either as a hardened
g or as a softened k. It is a A- without the
slightest aspiration, the sound being held back,
a- it wiic. in it.- course, and deprived of all
explosive force. Heuce it is distinguished in
script by the simple sign /,, as in the word
Icanye (once).

Ka (s. k.), verb. part, used to express pro-
priety, polite request, exhortation and
the like, and often equivalent to Eng. j
'let' or 'may' a; Hid [Ga. ha; Her. j
nga].

Ex. kawutule mcvnje, may you be silent

now.

Ka (<. k.j, sign of possessive, equivalent
to Eng. of' this form only remains
in use with nouns of the 1st. cl. sing.,
taking the abbreviated prefix u [Sw.
<ra. Her. a].

Ex. ikasi lika'gwayi, a leaf of tobacco.

Phr. nka'Faku, she of Faku — the common
appellation for a married woman in Zulu-
laud, where she is generally called by her
father. The Natal form, u-Mafaku, is not
in vogue in Zululand.

Ka (s. k.), prep.— contraction of Kwa, which
appears to be only another form of the
same preceding particle, and used to
express the 'place of or 'kraal of So-
and-so.

Ex. siya ka'Shelela for kwa'Shelela), we
are going to Shelela's.

Ka (s. k.), adv. Yet — only used in con-
junction with a negative; when used
with a neg. participle, it is generally
equivalent to Eng. 'before'.

Ex. a-ba-ka-fiki, they have not yet arrived.

womtshela, enga-ka-hambi, you must tell him,

he not having yet gone, i. e. before he goes.

Ka (s. k.), aux. verb, (for euphony gen.
changed into Ke) — used to express 'to
chance, to happen, to get' and the like,
and often equivalent to Eng. 'once'.

Ex. uma uke uhlangane naye, if you should
happen to come across him.

ngike ngambona, I once saw him.

kwake kwafika umuntu, there once came
a person.

KA

285

KA

Ka (Kha —pass. Kiwa>, v. Take out or
gather from with the hand (cp. oka);
hence, pick, pluck, pull off anything when
gathering for present use ( not property
when harvesting a whole field = vuna),
as a fruit (ace.) from a tree, pumpkins,
imfe, mealie-cobs, herbs, leaves for cov-
ering water in a bucket, or tambootie-
grass for night illumination ; draw, dip,
or take out any fluid or semi-fluid from
the mass by a ladle or similar instru-
ment, as water (ace.) from a spring, or
porridge from a pot; go and speak with
. a girl's father in order to 'gather' her
^ (ace.) on behalf of some young man (cp.
konga) [Her. oku-uka, to take up small
things; teka, draw water; S\v. teka, draw
water ; pakua, ladle out; G'A.noga, pluck
or gather].
ama-Ka (Kha — no smg.),n. Scent-powder,
which consists of various scented-plants
dried and pulverised for sprinkling, as
a perfume, over the body or isidwaba,
after it has first been duly anointed
with grease ; applied also to any such
plants as are used for this purpose
[prob. akin to nuka, q. v. — Sw. nukato,
scent ; Ga. mgavu].

Kaba (Khaba), v. Kick ( in any way ), as
a horse might a person (ace), or a boy
a football = juba; kahlela [Ga. samba,
kick].

P. wakatshwa inkomo for indhhvu) esifu-
beni, he was kicked by an ox ( or elephant )
iu the chest = he has a 'weak' chest i.e.
can't hold anything fast therein, can't keep
a secret, but must needs throw it off into
other ears at once.

(inkomo) kayikab'ibaya ebili, (a cow) doesn't
kick in two kraals — one is lord only in
his own castle (elsewhere he gets treated like
one of the common herd, is a nobody, has
no authority, etc.).

ikaba abayisengayo, it (the cow) kicks
those who milk it = if you want the milk,
you must also take the kicks. Cp. uru-So-
ndexeli.

kuningi okwakatshwa mdhlovu kuyena.
there is much that was kicked by an ele-
phant in him = his chest is much bruised,
his heart is very black with secret crimes,
he is a thoroughly bad fellow.

i(li)-Kaba (Khaba; no plur.), //. Any young-
plant still fresh and growing, up to the
time it flowers, as grass, potatoes,
mealies, dumbis, etc.; radicle, in a ger-
minating seed (cp. umu-Zwa); malted
amabele when excessively sprouted i.e.
when the radicle has already grown
long; young person or persons (collect.)
up to the age of marriage.

Ex. utnbila mel'ikaba, the mealies are
still young, are still below the flowering
stage.

imitombo is' if ikaba. the malt is already
long-sprouted radicles /. a. has sprouted too
much.

Phr. ka'Bani kufa 'kaba, kufa 'mqumbi,
at So-and-so's kraal there dies the young
{amabele) and that already about to flower
i.e. young and old alike. See i(li)-Fumuka.

i-nKaba (s.k.),n. Navel, of man or beast;
sometimes applied to the navel-cord (=
inGalati) [Skr. nabh, swell; nabhi;
navel; Her. o-ndemba, navel-string; Ga.
kundi, navel.

Phr ba'nkaba')/ye, they are of the same
stock i.e. are blood or tribal relations, hav-
ing the same isibongo = ba'tdsila'iiyr.

ngimuxwa ngenkaba, I perceive him by
(my) navel, viz. that there is a blood-relation-
ship between us — Native women asserting
that there is such a power of perception.

isi-Kaba (Khaba), n. Spire, or central blade
of a branchlet of grass, mealie-plant,
etc., at the point of growth (not old
side\eaves—i(li)-Kasi; cp. um-Nyombo);
bunch of hair with accompanying penis-
sheath on the belly of a bullock or other
animal; euphem. used of glans penis it-
self (cp. um-Nqitndu) ; (C.N.) open space
in a wood surrounded by trees (= i(li)-
Batu).

urn- Kaba (Khaba), n. 5. Big hanging belly.

Kabangula (Khabangula), v. Do anything
with vehemence, exerting all one's ener-
gy, all one's might, as when walking,
running, working, etc. = kantsabula,
gabangula.

Kabateka (Khabatheka), v. = kanguleka.

i-nKabatuvi (Kabathuvi), n. = isi-Kabatuvi.

isi-Kabatuvi (Khabathuvi), n. Contemp-
tuous appellation for the 'foot' (lit. that
which kicks ordure).

Kabavula (Khabavula), v. Get along brisk-
ly, as when walking or hoeing a field
(ace).

i-nKabayomntwana (s. k.; s. t.), n. = i-nThi-
nuyomntwana.

i(li)-Kabe (Khabe),n. Kind of water-melon,
resembling the i(U)-Bece, though gen.
eaten raw; person who uses equally
both the right and left hand ( cp. i(U)-
Nxele ).

u(lu)-Kabe (Khabe — no plur.),n. Plant,
or seed-pips, of above.

Kabeleka (Khabeleka), v. (C.N.) = kahu-
leka.

isi-Kabetuke (Khabethuke), n. Certain make
of spoon having a very large ladle, lit.

KA

that which ladles (ka) and they are
startled ( at the large quantity it has
dug «uit) = isi-Foboza.

Kabi (8. k.). adv. Badly — from bi.

i-nKabi (s. /;.),». Ox i.e. castrated bull;
applied also to the castrated of any ani-
mal, as horse, sheep, goat ( = um-Tondo-
to), dog etc. See um-Hluma [Gr. kopto,
1 cut off; Sp. capar, castrate; Sw. hasi,
castrate; maksai, ox; Her. o-ngombe,
ox ; <la. anti, ox].

Kabili (s.k.),adv. Twice; doubly — from
bill

Kabu kabu, ukuti (Khabu khabu, ukuthi),
r. — kabuzela; ukuti twaku twaku.

i(li)-Kabukabu (Khabukhabu), n. One who
habitually walks fast, with a quick
smart movement of the legs, as a smart
waiter. See kabuzela.

Kabula (Khabula), v. = kangula.

Kabuleka (Khabuleka), v. = kanguleka.

Kabuzela (Khabuzela), v. Walk with a short,
fast step, go briskly, smartly along, as
an active business-man or smart waiter
= ukuti kabu kabu, twakuzela; cp.
dwayizela.
Kaca (Khaca), r. = jakaja.
Kace, ukuti (Khdce ukuthi), v. Be quite
or very black (used with mnyama) —
ukuti buqe, gande, site, sivile.
Kade (s. k.), adv. (with a prolongation of
the first syL) Long ago; a long while;
ever so long; ever so long ago; (with-
out any prolongation, and followed by
participle) just; just now; a short time
ago = kande.

Ex. kade sHcufuna, we have been looking
lor you ever so long.

bade wafa, he died ever so long ago.

ungihlalisele-ni kade kangaka? why have
you kept me waiting so long?

kad'ekona, he was just here (a minute ago ).

hade efa kulexd'xrint&uJcu, he has just died
during these (few) days.

elinye izimu selafa, sekukade, the oilier
cannibal wae already dead, already long ago.

i(li)-Kade (s. k. mostly used in loc. eka-
deni), n. The long-ago, olden time; a

od time, a long while (see ngelikade).

Ex hcakukade ekadeni sihla.selana, it was
in the olden times (that) we invaded our
another.

Kad'uba (s. /,.j, adv. Then, and then, after-
wards followed by subj. = kand'uba.
I in Natal dialect shortened into and'u-
ba |

Ex. hu, a ah, iir umsindo, kad'uba kuvele
inlcosi, there is heard :i noise, and then the
chief appe;i

286 KA

auogaya qede, kad'uba nihambe, you shall
finish grinding (the corn), and afterwards go.

Kad'ukuba (s.k.), adv. = kad'uba.
isi-Kafu (Khafii), n. Food [D. skof, midday-
rest].
Kafuka (Khafuka), v. == pafuka.

Kafula (Khafula), v. Throw out of the
mouth, spit out, as phlegm (ace.) when
expectorating or a mouthful of disagree-
able food (cp. kifa); also used of the
uku-cintsa q.v. of the chief. Cp. cofiya.

Ex. uSigwaxi sabantonto abanye bayamka-
fula, with him who goes in for slaughtering
females most (men ) will have nothing to do,
will not look at him, they spit him out.

i(li)-Kafula (Khafula), n. A word of con-
tempt (adopted from the Eng. word
'Kafir', which the Natives misunder-
stand as a contemptuous expression ap-
plied to them ) and so applied by one
Native to another. Thus, the inhabitants
of Zululand might contemptuously refer
to the Natal Natives as ama-Kafula, and
vice versa.

i-nKafunkafu (s.k.),n. = i-nKavunkavu.

Kafuza (Khafuza), v. Grind coarsely, as
grain (ace.) or tobacco ; eat such coarsely-
ground, husky food ( = gqakaza ) ; pour
forth in volume, as smoke (ace.) from
a chimney, or blood from a severed
artery, or a lot of lying fabrications ( =
pafuza ).

Kafuzeka (Khafuzeka), v. Get eaten 'coarse-
ly'; hence, be coarsely ground, husky,
not fine, as porridge or meal.

Kahla (Khahla), v. Act with unconcerned
violence, do with a wild feelingless for-
cibleness, as when throwing anything
(ace.) down violently, careless whether
it break or not; or when dealing with
one's servants (ace.) in a similarly harsh
arbitrary manner; or when using hard
painful words to a person (ace.) who
has not deserved them ; or when pushing
roughly by one (ace.) without any re-
gard; or when giving him his food (with
nga) in a wild manner, almost throwing
it at him. Cp. ukuti kahla; kahlameza;
kahlela.

Kahla, ukuti (Khahla, ukuthi), v. Throw
anything (ace.) down, or get thrown
down, with a crash or clattering noise,

as a bundle of firewood or grass, or a
basket of anything; hence, act generally
with wild indifference (= kahlameza,
kahlela; kahlamezeka, kahleleka); be
falling together ( metaphor.) i. e. be doz-
ing off, falling to sleep, as children in
school or during a sermon (with uku-
lala — cp. ozela; yenda); go to bed

KA

287

KA

fasting, merely fall in a heap, from emp-
tiness of stomach (= uknti saka).

Phr. uBani mubi; idele utekahla, So-and-so

is not nice-looking; he is (as to his beauty)
fallen to sleep i. c. he is quite devoid of at-
tractiveness, utterly lacks that which takes
(although his features may be fairly well
formed). See i(li)-Rlule.

ukudhla kulele hute kahla, the food has lost
flavour, is flat, insipid, as porridge, etc. re-
wanned from yesterday's cooking.

u- Kahla (Khahla), n. Certain sea-animal,
used medicinally to stop retching.

u(lu)- Kahla (Khahla), n. Very emaciated
person, a mere bag of 'clattering' bones
(= isi-Kehle); also = u(lu)-Kahlo. See
ukuti kahla.

Kahlabeza, v. — kahlameza.

Kahlahla, ukuti (Khdhlahla, ukuthi), v. =
kahlamezeka ; ukuti kahla.

isi-Kahlakahlana (Khahlakhahlana), n. =
isi-Kasakasana.

Kahlambela (Khahlambhela),v. Go speedi-
ly along, as when wishing to reach a
place quickly.

Kahlameza (Khahlameza), v. Do anything
with thoughtless violence or wild* indif-
ference (= kahla, ukuti kahla); hence,
throw down violently or wildly, with a
crashing, clattering noise, or metaphor.
as a basket of fowls face.) or any parcel
or bundle one might be carrying ; knock
violently up against (with the body), as
people (ace), when wildly passing among
them; push violently (with the hand),
as when throwing open or banging a
door (ace); or with the foot, i.e. kick
it roughly = kahlela.

Kahlamezeka (Khahlamezeka),v. Get dealt
with in a wild, violent, 'crashing ' manner,
as above; hence, get thrown down violent-
ly, as above; get knocked violently up
against, as one person when rushing
wildly against another, or when coming
into collision with a tree (loc); get
pushed or knocked wildly with the hand
or foot, as above; knock up against or
chance against, i. e. reach, or get to or
on some place that one never expected
(through its being so far), nor desired
( from its danger or unpleasantness ), as
when a ship strikes a reef or sand-bank
= kahleka; kahleleka.

Kahlaza or Kahlazela (Khahlaza), v. = ka-
saza.

Kahle, ukuti (Khahle, ukuthi), v. ukuti
kahla; kahlamezeka; kahlela.

Kahle (s. k.), adv. Well, in any sense; hence,
carefully, gently, nicely, finely, excel-

lently, easily, slowly, readily, comfor-
tably, etc.

Phr. kahle! or plur. kahleui! gently!
quietly! not so fast! wait a moment! etc. =
i/'tiiMi kahle

hamba kahle! go well! = farewell! good-
bye! — the common valedictory address
among the Zulus, whereto the party leaving
replies hlala kahle (<>v aula kahle, or y'aku
kahle), remain well (or stav well, or dwell
well)!

Kahleka (Khahleka), v. Get acted towards
or dealt with in a wild, violent, feeling-
less manner (see kahla) = kahlameze-
ka, kahleleka.

Kahlela (Khahlela), v. Do in a wild, violent,
'crashing' manner (= ukuti kahla, ka-
hla, kahlameza); hence, deal with violent-
ly with the hand i. e. throw down wild-
ly, 'clatteringly ', or push or knock
roughly, inconsiderately; deal with
violently with the foot i. e. kick roughly,
as a person (ace.) or thing; flower, blos-
som, as mealies, fruit-trees, or any other
plant; put on grey hairs, as a person
when getting old (= qakaza).

N. B. The original meaning of this word
(see ukuti kahla), and those immediately
derived therefrom (as kahla, kahlamexa),
seems fast becoming obsolete, one frequently
finding even grown-up Natives who know
the word kahlela as signifying nothing else
than 'to kick'.

Kahleleka (Khaleleka), v. = kahlamezeka.

u(lu)-Kahlo (Khahlo), n. Roughness, wild-
ness, unconcerned violence of action, as
in a chief or master when dealing in a
hard, arbitrary manner with those under
him, or in a big boy treating children
in a rough, unkindly way. See kahla.

Ex. unokahlo lowo'mfana, he is a rough,
inconsiderate hoy is that (as shown in his
treatment of children |.

Kahlu, ukuti (Khahlu, ukuthi), r. Act or
speak in a wild, violent, forcible man-
ner, as when throwing down roughly
anything (ace.) carried, handling a per-
son with wild roughness, or using harsh,
violent language towards him = kahlula,
ukuti kahla, kahlameza; get acted to-
wards or dealt with in such a way =
kahluka, kahleka, kahlamezeka. See isi-
Nkahlu.

isi- Kahlu (Khahlu), n. isi-Nkahlu.

Kahluka (Khahluka), r. - ukuti kahlu.

Kahlula (Khahlula), v. ukuti kahlu.

Kaka (s. k.), v. Encircle, surround, as an
impi or wire-fence a kraal (ace.) = ha-
qa, pahla.

V

KA

288

KA

Kaka (Khakha), v. Cause an irritating-
roughness in the throat, be pungent or
acrid, as the fruit of the arum-lily, some
dumbis, certain tree-fruits, etc. (cp ka-
unusela; nwayizela); (in some districts)
be bitter, as aloes (= baba).

isi-Kaka (Khakha), n. isi-Dwaba.

imi-Kaka (Khakha), ». Rings of a tree
(ON.).

i(li)-Kakaka (Khakhakha), n. = i(li)-Kaka-

i(li)-Kakakaka (Khakhakhakha), n. = i(li)-
Kakasu

Kakalaza (Klutklialuza), v. = katula.

i(li)-Kakane (Khakhane), n. = i(li)-Kakasi.

i(li)-Kakasi (Khakhasi), n. Certain thistle-
like plant (Berkheya sp.), having a yellow
flower = i(li)-Kakaka.

um-Kakasi (Khakhasi), n. 5. = um-Gqwa-
bagqwaba.

Kakata (Khakhatha),v. Be burning hot,
as a powerful sun; bake or dry up grow-
ing mealies (ace), etc., as such a sun;
be hot or burning to the throat, as some
foods, liquids, etc. (cp. kaka).

u(lu)-Kakayi (Khakhayi), n. Crown of the
head i.e. the middle of the top (not
where the hair meets); top or summit
of a hut [S\v. upaa, crown of head; Reg.
kabala.

Ex. iUmga lis'okakayini, the sun is over-
head.

Kakulu (Kakfmlu), adv. Greatly, very much
(with verbs.); very (with adjs.); es-
pecially; principally, chiefly; strongly,
forcibly, loudly, etc. (intensifying the
action of any verb); used sometimes
merely to express strong assent to a
statement, as 'Naturally! quite certainly
so! very much so!'

Kala (Khala), o. Cry, in any of its senses,
metaphor, or real; hence, shed tears
I with izi-Nyembezi); wail, cry with grief,
as women at a death; scream, as a child
when attacked, in order to attract atten-
tion; express sorrow, lamentation, com-
plaint, as of anything afflicting one;
weep, as a tree exuding sap or gum;
cry, or give voice, as any animal — hence,
low. a- a cow; bellow, as a bull; neigh,
i horse; bray, as an ass; or as a dog
when struck; sing, chirrup, as a bird;
'•row, a- a cock; coo, as a dove; hoot,
an owl ; give forth a sound, as any
inanimate object hence, ring, as a bell ;
'link, ■■:- glasses; sound, as a musical
instrument ISkr.raya, bark; c vas, sigh;
Gr. kaleo, I call; o.Ii. laja, bark; Lat.
clamo, I cry out; la-trare, bark; Ar.

jaiyat, weep aloud ; Ga. kawa, cry ; Her.
kua, cry].

Phr. uku-zi-kala, to regret, blame oneself
(for having done something) — used mostly
in material, not so often in moral applica-
tions = uku-zi-sola.

uku-kalela amabele, to cry for the Kafir-
corn — a custom in some localities, in which
all the girls of the neighbourhood meet and
pass through the corn-fields, crying Maye!
ng amabele ! (alas! for the corn!), and ending
up with a little dance away out in the open
— the object being to rid the fields thereby
of the isi-hlava or grub, which, of course,
always happens accordingly!

i(li)-Kala (Khala), n. Nose, of man or ani-
mal ( cp. i(li)-Devu, i-mPumulo ) ; nostril ;
those on ahead, in the front, the van-
guard, of a regiment or troop of cattle
(= i(li)-Kanda, um-Pongoza); tunnel or
subterranean passage, made by white-
ants, or one of the small galleries of
which the ant-heap is composed.

Ex. ckaleni, 'mngane! in the nostril, friend !
v e. oblige me with a pinch of snuff.

i-nKala (s.k.),n. Crab, of any kind. Cp.
i(li)-Halahala [Skr. karkata, crab;
yrabh, seize ; Lat. cancer, crab ; Ni. kala;
Sw. Bo. kaa; Reg. igire; At. akara].

N.B. The eye of a land-crab, mixed to-
gether with that of a sea-crab and of a
leopard, is a powerful fakata poison, causing
the eyes of the victim to protrude and fall
out!

isi-Kala (Khala), n. Opening, of any kind,
permitting of a through passage or vi-
sion, as an opening between hills, trees,
clouds, or a gap through a fence or wall
(cp. i-nTuba, um-Kandhlu) ; opportunity,
for doing anything (= i(li)-Tub^a); tem-
poral region i. e. place above the ridge
of the cheek-bone and below the temples
(cp. i-nTlafuno) ; also = i(li)-Batu,

Phr. angifuni intombi es'inesikala, I don't
want a girl who is no longer a virgin.

urn- Kala (Khala), n. 5. Grass-rope thrust
through the nose of a cow and bound
over the head, for holding it when being
milked; hence, headstall, of a horse.

Kalakata, ukuti (Khalakatha, ukuthi), v.
Fall precipitately or tumble into or over,
whether with a single leg or the whole
body, as into a hole in the veldt, or over
a precipice = ukuti kelekehle, ukuti ke-
lekete, kalakatela; cp. ukuti wolokohlo.

Kalakatela (Khalakathela), v. = ukuti ka-
lakata,.

Kalala (Khalala), v. = dikila.

isi-Kalala (Khalala), n. (C.N.) = isi-Qalaba.

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289

KA

i(li)-Kalane (Khalane), n. — i(li)-Kizane.
i-nKalane (s.k.), n. Certain dwarf-aloe

(Aloe tennior). Cp. i(li)-Cena.
i-nKalankala (s.k.),». = i-nKalu.

isi-Kali (Khali — mostly in plur .), n. Wea-
pon, of any kind, as an assegai or knob-
kerry.

Phr. uku-gexa ixikali ■=■ ukurhlamba (q. v.)
im ikonto.

ubu-Kali (Khali), n. Sharpness (cp. ubu-
Tuntu ) ; edge i. e. the sharp side, of
any cutting instrument (= uku-Dhla);
strength i. e. sharpness of action or taste,
as of medicines or decoctions ; clearness,
powerfulness, effectiveness of words or
speech ; skilful smartness, as of a doctor
or other professional — in all senses
mostly used in form of adjective as
below [Skr. katu, sharp; Gr. ake, sharp
edge; Lat. acerbus, sharp; Ar. kali, salt
of ashes; Sw. u-kali, sharpness; Bo.
u-kali, spirit, courage; San. kali, sour;
Go. kali, sharp; Ngu. Kag. kale; Ze.
kule; Her. tue].

Ex. ibotwe eli'bukali, a pot that boils
quickly.

indoda e'bukali, a selfishly greedy, envious,
avaricious man.

Kalima (Khaliina), v. Turn back i. e. pre-
vent further progress to, as cattle (ace.)
making for a field ; hold back, keep back,
as people from passing any particular
way by shouting or motioning to them,
or as the after-oxen do a wagon (ace.)
when descending a hill; speak in a loud
formidable manner, as a great man giving
orders, or an imbongi shouting praises ;
used for the crying and roaring of large
animals, as cattle, lions, elephants, etc.
(cp. kala, konya, bong a).

u(lu)-Kalimela (Khalimela), n. One who
shouts when he talks, or speaks in a
tremendously loud voice so as to be
heard afar off.

u(lu)-Kalimele (Khalimele), n. Certain for-
est-climbing plant, used for headache
and as a love-emetic by young-men.

Kali pa (Khalipha), v. Be sharp, keen-edged,
as a knife (used as perf. ); be intellec-
tually sharp, clever (used in perf.); do,
take in hand, fight, speak, in a master-
ful, manly, bold, brave manner; hence,
be daring, courageous, brave [akin to
ubu-Kali, q. v.].

Ex. ukalipile lo'mfana, he is sharp, smart,
is this boy.

uyakaMpa umfo Jca'Bani, he is manly,
brave, is tue son of So-and-so.

besiti ir.ttLitbiriaira, inganti wakalishelwa
indium, we thought he would be killed (by

the chief), whereas he was acted for in a
masterly fashion by the headman ( speaking
for him i.

i-nKalipi (Kaliphi), n. Sharp, smart, master-
ful, bold, courageous person.

Kalisa (Khalisa), v. Cause to cry, com-
plain, etc.; ring, blow, make to sound,
as a bell (ace), trumpet, etc. (—shay a).

isi-Kalo (s.k.),n. Pair of scales, weighing
machine [Eng.j.

u(lu)-Kalo (Khalo), ». Ridge, upper-part
or back of a long extended elevation ;
lower ridge of the body, passing over
the buttocks and thigh-bone (below the
hips), where the umu-tsha usually rests.

Phr. 80xa sihlangane naye okalwmi Iwe-
i impungushe, we shall come to meet him
on the ridge of the jackals, i. e. in a lonely
place, not travelled by man (the Kafir paths
gen. following the ridges).

Kaloku (Kalokhu), adv. = manje.

i-nKalukuni (Kalukhuni), n. Turkey [D.
kalkoeti].

Kama (Khatna), v. Squeeze, as a sponge
(ace.) or washed garment; hence, wring,
as a wet cloth ; squeeze out, as the water
(ace.) from the above ( with ku or doub.
ace); drain, as a person the amabele
(ace.) in a vessel by pouring off the
water in which it is immersed, or the
atnasi in a gourd by removing the
plug at the bottom and allowing the
whey to run off; drain off, as the water
(ace.) from the amabele, or the whey
from the amasi, as above; throttle a
person (ace), squeeze at the throat (with
ngompimbo ) ; also — ekama [Sw. ka-
iima, squeeze; kama, milk; Ga. kwata,
squeeze; kama, milk; Her. kama,
squeeze; kanda, milk].

Ex. inyubo ngiyayikama amanxi, I am
squeezing the garment of water, or the water
out of the garment.

Phr. nanihla umkamele esekirnii, to-day you
have squeezed him out on the hearth-stone
( whereon, it being very hot, he has fizzled
right away) = you have made an end to
him to-day, he won't bother again with his
cheek, etc.

Kama (s. k.), v. Comb. [Eng.].

i(li)-Kama (s.k.),n. A comb [Eng.].

i-nKama (s.k.),n. = umu-Nge.

i-nKamanga (s.k.),n. = i-nGceba (which
latter is the politer word to use); pro-
bably originally = also isi-Gceba, as
still in Xo. and sometimes in N.

i-nKamanzi (s.k.),n. — isi-Lebe.
i-nKamba (Kumbha), ». = i-nKambapa-
ntsi.

19

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290

KA

isi-Kamba (Khambha), n. Large sized u-
(lu)-Kamba used for serving ( not drink-
ing ) beer, also for amasi.

um-Kamba (Khambha), n. 5. Broad-mouth-
ed u(lu)-Kamba used for eating from
i um-Kambafi, um-Kele); camel-thorn
tree ( Acacia sp.).

u(lu)-Kamba (Khambha), n. Pood-pot — a
generic name for all or any of the
various earthen-pots (and which may be
generally recognised by their polished
and freq. ornamented exterior) used
for serving food, e.g. the um-Cakulo,
um-Ncishane, isi-Kamba, u(lu)-Piso, etc.,
and more especially the ordinary beer-
drinking pot (the u(lu)-Kamba proper,
without any further distinguishing name)
u(lu)-Di>vo [Gr. skuphos, cup ; Sw.
mkebe, drinking-pot ; Bo. m-komba, cup;
Ga. ktrkombe, cup].

Phr. uku-shaya itkamba for udiivo), to
I. Mm ;i three-quarter circle (presenting the
appearance of an ukamba viewed in profile),
i 'p. um-Kwmbi, u(lu)-Komela.

i-nKambabeyibuza (Kambhabeyibuza), n.
Any conspicuous blemish, defect, or
mark on the body of a person such as
causes people to notice, as any ugly
-car or growth on an exposed part of
the body (lit. a thing which, as you go,
everybody asks what it is).

i-nKambane (Kambhane - - no plurj, n.
Dry cake of cow-dung, as found on the
veldt = i(li)-Shwaqa.

i-nKambapantsi (Kambhaphantsi), n. Blind-
worm [Anguis fragilis) = i-Nyokaya-
bafazi, i-mPumpute. Cp. u(lu)-Sungulo.

um-Kambati (Khambhathi), n. 5. = um-

Kn m ha.

Kambe (Kambhe), adv. Of course, I sup-
pose, you know; then, so then, well then.

Ex. ngibuye kambe? I must come back
here, 1 suppose?

mfn.i kambe ukuti, you kuow, of course,
that.

lama kambe! just so! that's just what I
said! just so as you are saying! etc.

i(li)-Kambi (Khambhi), n. Medicinal herb,
of any kind, such as grows on the veldt
and the fresh leaves or roots of which
are common 'household remedies' of
Kafir mothers (not applied to 'profes-
ial' medicines, such as are used by
Native doctors, and which consist mainly
"I barks, dry roots, powders and the
like see umtc-Ti, i(li)-Kubalo; ama-
Katazo); cold (unboiled) infusion pre-
pared from such medicinal herb (cp.
i-mBisa)) certain parasitic beetle (Apho-
dius sp.) inhabiting the intestines of

Natives and a common cause of ab-
dominal and nervous disorders among
them (= i(li)-Bungane, i(li)-Qoto ) ; chew-
ed refuse of imfe, which one casts
from the mouth after having pressed
out the juice (= i(li)-Kasi; cp. izi-nKa-
mbi).

izi-nKambi (Kambhi — no sing.^, n. Refuse
i. e. what is rejected of anything after
the goodness has been extracted, as the
fibre remaining of imfe after being chew-
ed, or of medicinal herbs after pound-
ing and straining, or the remains of
a decoction left in a pot.

i-nKambo (Kambho),n. Manner of life,
ways, habits, conduct, as of a young-
man.

Kameka (Khameka), v. Get drained, as
water from a marsh into a ditch, or
as the marsh itself. See kama.

Kameleka (Khameleka), v. (C.N.) = kamu-
leka.

Kamelela (Khamelela), v. Be resolved or
determined to do anything (with inf.),
as to reach any particular place before
dark ; do anything resolutely, with deter-
mination.

Ex. ingane is'ikamelele ukupuma, the
child has now made up its mind to come
forth (said by a mother when feeling that
delivery is nigh).

intlixiyo ikamelele ukuba ngilungise le'nda-
ba, my mind is made up (or I have made
up my mind) that I must put this matter
in order.

Kamfu, ukuti (Khamfu, uktithi), v. Catch
hold of with a sudden firm snapping
grip, as a man vigorously pouncing up-
on a thief taken unawares, a dog a
buck, or an iron-trap anything (ace.)
caught therein; snap up, or away, as
any object (ace); take up talk or an
affair (ace.) with excessive haste = ka-
mfuna, ukuti kaxa, ukuti kanku; eat up
'snappingly', as a dog eating lumps of
solid food (ace. — from the snapping up
of the pieces — cp. xafuza) ; grind coarse-
\y, as mealies (ace); eat such 'lumps'
or coarsely ground food — kamfuza,
kafuza.

Kamfu na (Khamfuna), v. = ukuti kamfu,

kaxaza.
i-nKamfunkamfu (s. k.), n. = i-nKavunkavu.

Kamfuza (Khamfuza), v. = ukuti kamfu,
kafuza.

Kamisa (Khamisa),v. Open the mouth
(ace), as a person for the doctor; have
the mouth open — hence, be open, as a
hut (used in perf); be uncovered, as a
pot. See ekama.

KA 291

Ex. nyibona indhiu yaktoake ikamtsile, I |

see her hut open.

Kamnandi (s. k.), adv. Pleasantly, agree-
ably ( to the senses ), sweetly. See mnandi.

i(li)-Kamo (Khamo), n. = i(li)-Hluzu, i(li)-
Vovo.

i(li)-Kamu (s. k. loc. e-Kamu), n. Camp
[En-.].

Kamuleka (Khamuleka), v. = kanguleka.

Kamuluka (Khamvluka), v. Shout away

loudly, with all one's might, 'squeezing'

or straining oneself.

Kamuva, adv. Afterwards. See umu-Va.

u(lu)-Kanana (Khanana), n. Strong feel-
ing or emotion, as of desire, concupis-
cence; pity, compassion, sympathy;
jealousy, envy; indignation, resentment
= um-Hawn.

Ex. ub'esaqeda ukanana Iwaleyo'ntombi, ho
was just easiug off the strong desire in regard
to that girl, i. e. gratifying the passion.

isi-Kanavu (Khanavv), n. Big, ugly-shaped
person.

i-nKanankana (s.k.), n. — see l-Nkanankana.

Kancane (s. k.), adv. Slightly, in a small
degree, a little; slowly; softly, lowly.
See ncanc.

Ex. kancane kancane, little by little, gra-
dually.

kuyakuba kancane angafi, it will be a close
shave if he doesn't die, he will be nearly
sure to die.

Kanci (s.k. — last syl. accentuated >, adv.
In the slightest degree (see nci); some-
times used with negative to express
'not at all, by no means', and gen. as
nakanci.

Kancinyane (s. k.), adv. In a very small
degree, a very little; very slowly; very
softly or lowly. See ncinyane.

Kanda (Khanda), v. Beat, pound, pelt,
hammer, as a man a shield (ace.) with
a round stone to supple and straighten
it, or medicinal herbs for an infusion,
or as hail or heavy rain might a person
or crops, or a smith iron on the anvil
(= yxoba); flatten or harden down, as
much rain does freshlj' worked soil
(ace); 'doctor' a field (ace), or crops
therein, *by charms (= sukula - - cp. Ga.
sekula, to pound); come across,. or light

i upon something unusual or unexpected,
as a sovereign (ace.) on a road or an
exceptionally beautiful girl (= elamela)
[Skr. han, strike; Sw. ponda, pound;
Her. tonda; Ga. knba].

Ex. amabeb ka'Bani as'ekandiwe, So-and-
so's corn lias been already doctored (a com-
mon practice in Zululand). See twebula,

KA

ungdmkanda umntwanakazi Ica'Sibanibani,

you may come across something you nevei
expected (never saw before) in the female
child of So-and-so, i.e. you will be surpris-
ed at her beauty.

ngayikanda impisi ka' Sibambani, I came
across the ugly-looking creature (son or
daughter ) of So-and-so.

i(li)-Kanda (Khanda loc. eKanda), ».

Head, of man or beast (cp. i-nTlok<>)\
those in front, the van, of a regiment or
troop of cattle (— i(li)-Kala); military-
kraal (with loc. eKandeni), in which tne
ama-Buto q. v. used to live; often used
synonymously with 'life' [Skr. kap-dla,
head; Lat. cap-ut; Gr. kr anion, skull;
Her. o-hanga, ball the root for 'head'
most common in Bantu langs. being twe
or tivi, with one or other of the prefixes].

Ex. kits' ekanc/eui, yini? is it then (are you
then) in a military-kraal? — said to reprove
rough or rowdy behaviour.

fa'maxwi wowafunda ngekanda, you must
learn these words by heart.

ngiyax'enzela nje ngekanda lami, I am just
doing it of myself, out of my own head.

ufuna ikanda lami 11a? do you wish for
my head i.e. to take my life? — as might
be said to one who persists in quarrelling.

ngiyatula nje, ng'enxel'ukuhlengela ikanda
lami. I am just keeping silence, in order to
preserve my own life, save my own head.

i-nKanda (s.k.),n. Head of the glans pe-
nis. See um-Tondo ; i-nTlonze.

isi- Kanda (Khanda), n. Head or knob, as
of any kind of stick (cp. i-nGqukuqa) ;
lump or clod of earth clinging to the
roots of a bunch of grass when pulled
out of the soil.

u(lu)-Kanda (Khanda - loc. o Kanda or
oKandeni), n. Upper part of the head
of cattle, in which the horns are set
(and whether of living or dead); pig-
headedness, stubborn perverseness, ob-
stinate persistency (cp. i-nJaka); per-
sistent good luck, good fortune (cp.
i-nTlahla); sometimes equivalent to
' head ' in metaphor, senses.

Ex. imokanda, uy'enxa ngokanda nje, he
is pig-headed, he does it from obstinacy.

leyo'ndoda inokanda Iwexinkomo (or be aba -
faxi or Iwaba/ntwana) , that man has per-
sistent good-luck with his cattle (or in get-
ting good wives or numerous healthy chil-
dren).

lo'mntwana unokanda olu'butaJeataka, this
child has a weak or soft head. /'. e. fl very
delicate constitution, is readily impressionable
to disease.

nami ngilv/posile (<<v ngilugaxile) ukanda
kona, and I too have thrust in my head

19*

KA

292

KA

there ( among the crowd of young-men after
a particular girl).

Kandana (Kliandana), v. Strike against
i.e. come across, light upon, 'knock up
against', as any expected or unexpected
person ( with na ) or occurrence on one's
way ; knock up against i. e. be in close,
confined contact with, be compressed
together, as a lot of people sleeping in
a narrow room (used in perf.). See
kanda; hlangana.

Kandanisa (Khandanisa), v. Put very close
together, 'pack* together; catch a per-
son < are.) in the act, as of stealing.

Phr. ingane is'iyakandanisa, the child is
now pressing i for expulsion, at birth) (C.N.).
- • kamelela.
Kandavula (Khandavula), v. = gxnsha.
Kande (s. /.'.), adv. = kade.
u(lu)-Kande (Khaande),n. Stick sharpened
at the point for throwing by boys at
the i-nTsevia, etc.; and as below.

Ex. iximpondc tayo \iVukande, its horns
are sharp at the points (like an akande).

huh', sofa ukande Iwomlomo, oh! we are
being killed with a vocal nkande, i. e. the
9harp tongue of some quarrelsome woman.

u(lu)-Kandempemvu (Khaandempemvu), n.
Certain regiment, or member thereof,
formed by Mpande next after the i-
nDhluyengwe, and with which the wm-
Turisazwe was afterwards incorporated
= u-Nqaka m atshe.

Kandhla (Khandhla), r. Thoroughly ex-
haust, fatigue, rob of energy or life, as
extreme hunger or over-exertion might
a person (ace. — mostly transposed into
the passive voice).

Ex. sebekandhlwe indhlcda for umsebenxi),
they are now quite done up with famine
■ •r wnrk ).

Phr. irvjadu yomhambi iyakandhlwa, the
snuff-pouch of a traveller is over-worked —
from being kept in constant use giving pinches
nt snuff to requesting strangers.

i(li)-Kandhlela (Khandhlela), n. Candle;
lamp, of any kind [Eng.].

um-Kandhlu (Khandhlu), n. 5. Opening,
open space, as between the different
huts in a kraal between two hills, or
• clumps of forest (= isi-Kala);
X. fr. Xo.) number of people sitting
together in one place, especially when
Bitting with the chief (= i(li)-Bandhla).

um-Kando (Khcmdo), //. 5. Xame given to
various kinds of medicinal-charms, most-
ly stones, quartz, etc., but sometimes
<l by Native doctors for gain-
ing an influence over others, taking

awajr the power from them, their medi-
cines, etc. ; large round stone formerly
used by Native blacksmiths in place of
hammer.

Kand'uba, Kand'ukuba (s. k.), adv. = ka-
d'uba.

Kand'uma, Kand'ukuma (s.k.), adv. (N) =
kad'uba.

um-Kandumba (Khandumbha), n. 5. An
'old woman' of a man, who is always
staying at home with his wife — elibele
ukuka izindumba nomfazi wake, picking
beans with his wife.

Kanga (Khanga), v. Attract, draw the eyes
i or heart to admire or desire, as a fine
garment or beautiful girl might a per-
son (ace); be attractive, as such gar-
ment. Cp. i(Ii)-Wozawoza.

Ex. ngakanywa amashoba ake amhlope ate
hu, I was attracted (admiringly) by his
(fine) arm-tails as white as snow.

i-n Kanga (s.k.), n. (N) = um-Titimbil < i .

Kangaka (s.k.), adv. So (intensifying some
adj.), so much, so many, so very, so
often, so long ( as this ) ; often equivalent
to Eng. how ! how much ! how many !
how often ! how long ! howr greatly !
how very {—kangakanana). Seengaka.

Kangakanana (s. k.), adv. (C.N.) = kangaka.

Kangakanani (s.k.), adv. How great? how
much? how many? how often? how
long? etc. See ngakanani.

Kangaki (s.k.), adv. How often? how many
times? See ngaki.

Kangako (s. k.), adv. So much, many, etc.
as that — see kangaka.

i-nKangala (s.k.), n. Treeless veldt or open
country, whether hilly or flat, such as
constitutes the main landscape in the up-
country districts. See kiva 'Lvncwe, kwa-
Ntlongasibi. Cp. i(li)-Hlanze; i(li)-Po-
ndo [Skr. Jang gala, desert; Sw. jang-
wa, desert; Her. ongaango, wilderness].

Phr. ukukuluma inkangala, yon talk empty
stuff, with nothing in it. See u(lu)-Wangala.
um-Kangala (Khangala), n. 5. Cape Teak
(Strychnos Atherstonei), a small tree
growing in the coast bush-country and
sticks made from which were not car-
ried when going up to the chief's, being-
supposed to bring bad luck.

P. uyakuueinda uti Iwomkanyala, you will
get a taste of an umkangala stick --said to
one who deserts a good master or parent
and implying that he will find fortune worse
where he is going to, when he will remem-
ber his old home and want to come back.

Kangapi (Kangaphi), adv.
ngaki.

(C.N.) = ka-

KA

Kangeza (Khangeza), v. Extend the hands
(one beside the other with the palms
hollowed ) for the reception of food (ace.)
all inferior persons, as wives and
children, receiving in this way, even
though the article be small; give a per-
son food (doub. ace.) in the extended
hands, as above, or in former times on
an isi-Kangezo. Cp. kongozela; nyaba.

isi-Kangezo (Khangezo), n. Small earthen
plate of the size and shape of a saucer,
upon which soft foods, like amasi or
porridge, were in former times served
out and eaten from by children, young-
wives, etc. - - this cleanly custom has
now absolutely died out and given place
to the more uncouth habit of receiving
in and eating from the hands. See ka-
ngeza.

Kangqa (Khangqa), v. Take off, take away,
remove, as a person a pot (ace.) from
a hut, or his child from a school ; wipe
or rub off (without water; cp. geza)
the dirt (ace.) from anything (ace, or
with kit), as when wiping the dust from
a pot, sleeping-mat, coat or window, or
when rubbing the body with dumbi
peels so as to remove the fatty dirt
therefrom (= paqula) = kangqaza.

Kangqa, ukuti (Khangqa, nkuthi), v. = ka-
ngqa.

Kangqaza (Khangqaza), v. = kangqa.

um-Kangu (Khangu), n. 5. New earthen-
pot of any description i. e. one not yet
in use, or only slightly so (see kangu-
la); a mole, on the body [Sw. mkungu,
earthen-pot; Her. o-nyungu, pot].

um-Kangu (Khaangu), n. 5. = um-Kwangu.

Kangula (Khanyula), v. Raise or excite a
desire or craving in a person (ace.) for
any particular kind of food (ace. = ka-
mula); introduce into service or for
use of food for the first time, as a wo-
man might her new pot (ace. — see
um-Kangu).

Ex. utshwala buyamkangula umuntu inya-
ma, beer excite? in one a craving for meat.

Kanguleka (Khanguleka), v. Get excited
with, i.e. have, a craving or strong desire
for any particular food, strong-drink, etc.
(used in perf.) — kamuleka, kabuleka.
Cp. i-nKwankwa.

um-Kangwe (Khaangwe), n. 5. = um-Kwa-
ngu.

i-nKani (s. k.), n. - see i-Nkani.

Kaningi (s.k.), adv. Often, frequently, ma-
ny times. See ningi.

Isi-Kaniso (s.k.), n. Laager, entrenched
camp [? D. schanz}.

293 KA

Kanjalo (s.k.), adv. So; in that way; in

like manner. See njalo.
Kanjani (s.k.), adv. How? in what way.'

See njani.

u(lu)-Kanji (Khaanji), n. (N) = u(lu)-Ka-
nde.

i(li)-Kanka (Khanka), n. Kind of silver
jackal = i-mPungushe.

Ex. ikanka, uma likala, I Hi, ga! ga! ya!
ya! ya! the jackal when it cries, says, Ga!
ga! ga! — in decreseendo tone — i.e. Big!
big! big! big! big! (as a fire) Hence Un-
saying:—

ngiyakutvubasa ube ngangoweka/nka (ox
ngangowashiwo ikanka), I shall make it ( the
fire) as big as that of for ordered by) the
jackal.

Kankanya (Khankanya), v. Think, in any
of its forms = eabanga, kanyanga.

Ex. anyikarikanyi na'kukankanya, I don't
think at all (but I know for certain).

bengikankanya ukuyolima, I was thinking
of going out to hoe.

Kankasa (Khankasa), v. Go along in semi-
circular extended formation so as to
embrace or surround any particular spot
(ace), as a hunting party a bush or an
impi a hill. Cp. isi-Kungo.

Ex. bahamba bikankasi/e, they proceeded
in extended formation, as soldiers surprising
a camp.

Kankata (Khankatha), v. Take to task,
scold (in an ordinary charitable man-
ner), as a master his servant (ace.) for
some fault committed. Cp. tetisa.

i-nKankelana (s. k.), n. Kind of dance or
game of little girls, in which they face
each other, grunting and making strain-
ing gestures with the upper part of the
body.

Kanku, ukuti (Khankv, ukuti), v. = ukuti
kamfa, ukuti kaxa.

i-nKanku (s.k.),n. Over-hasty person who
throws himself into an affray without
knowing what it's about, or into a dis-
pute without first acquainting himself
with the details; Le Vaillant's Cuckoo
(Coccifstes cafer), a bird whose appear-
ance gives name to a month (see u-Nka-
nku), also from its conspicuous appear-
ance about the end of July, supposed
to announce the time for sowing.

Phr. inkanku isHwatete amadmbi (or ama-
cimbi okwandulela), the cuckoo has already
taken the caterpillars — denoting that part
of the season about early October time.

Kankula (Khankula), r. = kamfuna, kaxa-
za.

Kanqa (Khanqa), v. = kangqa.

KA

294

KA

Kanqaza (Khunqaza), r. — kangqaza.

Kanti (s.k.; s.t.),adv. So then (express.
surprise); well then; but, whereas; and
yet, notwithstanding, still [Skr. atha,
but. yet; Lat at; Her. are, then; Mai.
ganti, instead of].

Ex. ngamtuma, kanti kahamba/nga, I sent
him, but he didn't go.

'uyayitata yini?' -Kanti!' 'are you then
taking it?' 'Why not; what do you think?'

i-nKantini (s.k.; s.t. loc enKantini), n.
Canteen, liquor-shop, bar; spirits — the
common word in X. < u-Gologo, N.) [D.
kanHin].

i-nKantolo (s.k.; s.t. loc. enKantolo), n.
Magistrate's court [D. kantoor, office].

Kantsabula (Khantsabula), v. =kabangula.

um-Kantsha (s.k.; s.t.), n. 5. Marrow, of
bones. Cp. um-Ongo, um-Ondhlo.

Kantsu, ukuti (Khantsu, ukuti), v. = ka-
ntsuza.

Kantsuza (Khantsuza), v. Hun wearily a-
long, as after running far, when already
tired out.

Kanula (Khanula), v. Strain, as at stool,
or when pulling, or lifting a heavy
weight (cp. (lunula); 'strain' at grow-
ing i. e. grow very slowly or with diffi-
culty, as a child or the crops in a field
(= donda).

u-Kanula (Khanula), n. Straining, as at
stool or giving birth. See u-Nokanula.

Ex. uBani ung'ukanula, So-and-so is ray
ring i.e. (actual or own) mother.

Kanya (Khanya),v. Be light {i.e. not
dark), as in the day-time, or in a lighted
room; give light, lighten, as the sun, or
a lamp in a dark room ; shine, be bright,
as burnished metal, a polished boot, a
-lossy horse, or any bright coloured
article; be transparent i.e. permitting
lijjit through, as a piece of glass, a
-'-textured cloth, or a loosely-thatched
hut; be clear, distinct, plain, as the paths
over a newly-burnt patch of veldt, or a
point of argument; be <>f a medium
dark complexion, the light skin partially
appearing through the black. Cp. ukuti
kanyi; cwazimula [Skr. can, shine; Lat.
canaeo, I shine; Ic. glan, polish; Ger.
glanzen, shim.'; Sw. ng'aa, angaza, shine;
Ga. '//.-'/. be bright; Her. kenakena,
-litter],

ukukima wmaxwi akanyayo, you speak
ear, intelligible words.
uBani uyakanya, So-and-so is light-black
not coal-black I.

um-Kanya (Khanya), n. 5. Shade made by
holding one or both hands over the eyes,

as to shade from the sun-glare or when
looking at a distant object (used with
ukw-aka ).

Ex. akw-aka umkanya, to shade the eyes
with the hands ( the Natives using gen. both )
— see is-Akamukanya.

Kanyanga (Khanyanga), v. = kankanya.

Kanye (s. k.), adv. Once ; once for all ; all
at once or together; (prep.) with, to-
gether with (with na). See nye.

Ex. kuhle nisitke kanye, it is best that yon
start off together, at the same time.

fata kanye, do at one go; do all together.

Pur. uku-lala kanye, to have a little sleep,
take a wink.

Kanyekanye (s. k.), adv. All at once, all to-
gether (as boys when starting for a
race).

i-nKanyezi (s.k.),n. Star (celestial); fire-
fly [MZT. innyengezi, star; Her. o-nyo-
se, star ( fr. nyosa, burn ) ; Sw. nyota,
star (cp. ota, Z.); Ga. mu-nyenye, star,
fire-fly; Malg. kmtana, star].

Kanyi, ukuti (Khanyi, ukuthi), v. Gleam
or shine out for an instant or intermit-
tently, as a fire-fly, or a moon appear-
ing for a moment between clouds and
immediately disappearing = kanyiza.
Cp. kanya.

i-nKanyimba (Kanyimbha), n. Very black-
skinned person = i-nKwishela.

Kanyisa (Khanyisa), v. Make to be light
i.e. light up, as in a room when lighting
the lamp; make bright or shiny, as
metal objects (ace.) or boots when pol-
ishing them.

Ex. uyokanyisa endhlini, go and light up
{ the lamp) in the house.

Kanyisela (Khanyisela), v. Light up for
i. e. explain or make clear to a person
(ace.) concerning some difficult matter
(with kit or loc.) or passage he doesn't
understand.

Kanyiza (Khanyiza), v. = ukuti kanyi.

i(li)-Kanzi (Khanzi), n. Earthenware cook-
ing-pot, of various sizes and furnished
with an earthenware lid, originally used
in Zululand previous to the introduction
of the present iron pots.

um-Kanzi (Khanzi), n. 5. Grass-platted
rope worn round the waist by a woman
for the first few clays after child-birth
and afterwards replaced by a make-shift
isi-Fociya (also called as above) which
is worn throughout the period, about a
month (during which time she must
abstain from amasi), and is then dis-
carded for the permanent isi-Fociya
(not called by the above name); similar

KA

295

KA

rope worn by a girl (and by all her
companions of a like age) who has
menstruated for the first time and like-
wise for so long as she must abstain
from amasi (see inn-Gonqo).

Kanzinga (Khanzinga), v. — gaming a,
haying a.

ubu-Kanzingambece (Kluinzingambheee —
loc. ebu-Kanz.), n. Place ( kraal or local-
ity ) where there is great dearth of
food (whether accidentally or regularly),
'where they roast water-melon pips',
having no mealies for the purpose =
ubu-Kayingantanga.

Kapa, ukuti (Khapha, ukuthi), v. = kapa.

Kapa, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.p.), v. = ka-
paka; kapaza. Cp. ukuti yaca.

Kapa (Khapha), v. Take or lead out and
leave to themselves, as a boy the cattle
(ace.) in localities where the pasture-
lands are extensive and the cattle do not
require herding, or as the members of
a family might a departing visitor (ace.)
whom they accompany a short distance
and then leave to himself (see kapela);
push violently a person (ace.) with the
hand or arm (= kapeza).

Kapaca, ukuti (Khdphaca, ukuthi), v. Be,
or place down a thing (ace.) near by,
just a little way off, as when thro wing-
down one's work-implement, or when
accompanying a person a slight distance
on a journey.

Kapaka (s.k.; s.p.), v. Get spilled or sha-
ken over by being rocked to and fro,
as water from a filled bucket or tea in
a cup when being carried. Cp. yacaka.

Kapalala, ukuti (Khdphalala, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti kwatalala.

i-nKapane (Knph,ane),n. Anything wan-
dering about without herding or super-
vision, as unherded cattle, or children
whose father exercises no supervision
over them = u(lu)-Sapo, u(lu)-Vanzi
Cp. i-nGinqi.

isi-Kapane (s.k.; s.p.), n. Nasty smell, or '
nastily smelling thing, as a bug, some
plants, or snuff, etc. Cp. u(lu)-Futo.

Kapaza (s.k.; s.p.), v. Rock over i.e. spill
or shake over by rocking to and fro, as
a servant might the water (ace.) from a
filled bucket or tea from a cup, when
carrying it. Cp. yacaza.

Kapaza or Kapazela (Khaphaza), v. Splash
or throw water over, as over the body
(ace.) with the hands when bathing. Cp.
kapaza.

Kapela (Khaphela), v. Lead out and leave
at any place (loc.), as above (see kapa );

lead a person (ace.) into any danger or
••rime and then desert him; hence, betray.

Ex. uxdfcapele for uxiti kapa) edhlelweni,
ubuye, take and leave them (the cattle) at
the grazing-place, and return.

ku'Bani ixinkomo tiyakashelwa, with So-
and-so the cattle are merely taken out and
left.

uTshani yena way'engatuhuteli] way'eka-
shelwa uQijvmani, Tshani himself wa< not
put out very much; he was Id into ii by
Gijimani.

i(li)-Kapelo (Khaphelo), n. Extensive graz-
ing-site where the cattle may be left
alone unherded. Cp. i(li)-Dhlelo.

Kapeza (Khapheza),v. Push violently a
person (ace), as with the hand or arm
= kapa; cp. sunduza; ciliza.

Kapu kapu, ukuti (Khaphu kaphu, ukuthi),
v. = kapuza, ukuti napu napu.

Kapuluza (s.k.; s.p.), v. = kipilitu.

Kapuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; s.p.), v. =
ukuti kipiliti.

i-nKapunkapu (Kaphunkuphu), n. Any-
thing of a long, soft, waving nature,
loosely swinging to and fro by motion,
as a long fringe (cp. i-nTsepe), long
hair of a goat, or a man's hinder-cover-
ing when made of tails. See kapuza.

Kapuza (Khaphuza), v. Swing wavily from
side to side, brush about, as a man's
loin-tails when he walks, the long hair
of a goat, or any other fringe-like thing
(= napuza); make so to swing about,
as the wearer his loin-tails (ace), or the
goat its long hair; go brushing along,
as a man with a long flying overcoat,
or a person walking through long grass
or grass heavy with dew which he sends
off with a fringe-like motion from side
to side as he goes. Cp. tshavuza; i-nKa-
punkapu.

Kapuzela (Khaphuzela), v. Go 'swinging
wavily' along, as one covered in long
fi'ingy trappings or hair — uujiuzrla.

Kasa (Khasa), v. Creep or crawl on the
hands and knees, or on all fours, like
an infant still unable to walk erect =
gaga, huquzela. Cp. haqazela.

i-nKasa (s. k. — collect.), n. Young locust
or locusts still crawling or hopping (cp.
/si-Boto; isi-Konyane); (with plur.) a
'creeper' i. e. person sent secretly to
warn another of danger (= u(lu)~Baqa,
u(lu)-Qunga, u(lu)-Nyandhla)\ 'creep-
ing' water i.e. such as is led alone a
sluit made for the purpose; the sluit
itself.

Ex. wmasimu ake kaw'omi, aswakanyiswa

KA

inkasa, his fields never get dry, they are
kept moist by sluit-water or irrigation.

isi-Kasakasana (Khasakhasana), n. Very
short person who seems to creep along
( kasa ) as he goes, from the motion of
the legs being scarcely visible = isi-Ka-

hlakahlana.

Kasaza or Kasazela (Khasaza), v. Move
or glide along without any apparent
motion of the legs, as a very short man
= kahlaza.

Kasha, ukuti (Khasha, ukuthi), v. Merely
appear, just let oneself be seen for a
moment = ukuti shashe, kasha.

Ex angabe esati kasha ngalapa, let him
not show himself about here.

tigiti ngisate kasha emnyango, wangixosha,
I had no sooner appeared at the door, than
he drove me away.

Kasha (Khasha), v. = ukuti kasha.

Ex. akusakashwa kule'ndhlela, it is no
longer ><> much as appeared upon this path.

u(lu)-Kasha (Khasha),n. Absolute dismis-
sal from one's mind, absolute refusal

— mostly used with uku-nqaba or ukw-
ala.

Ex. amaSwaxd aye/iqaba ukasha ukupatwa
ttg'amaBumi, the Swazis refuse absolutely
to be governed by the Boers.

ama-Kashakasha (Khashakhasha), n. =
ama-Hashahasha.

Kashana (Khashana), prep. Good long-
distance off, or away; good long time
off, or ago.

Ex. kukashana lapo siya kona, it is a
good way off where we are going to.

urcle exixweni cxikashana, he has come
from distant tribes.

ilangn lisekashana ukushona. the sun is
still a good while off setting.

isi- Kashana (Khashana), n. A short time

— dim. of isi-Kati.
i(li)-Kasi (Khasl), n. Light thin thing such

as can be blown about by the wind ;
hence, leaf, generally (= i(li)-Qabi); one
of the spathes which enclose the mealie-
cob (the leaf of the mealie-plant being
'filled, not i-Kasi, but um-Kwani) ; peel,
of an orange or banana; shell, as of
monkey-nuts; skin, as of potatoes; leaf,
sheet, or loose piece of paper; chewed
fibres of imfe cast from the mouth
(= i(li)-Kambi); any very light thin
tiling I. p. a mere feather in weight, as
;i thin gourd, or an emaciated and very
weak invalid (— i(li)-Helesi); babbling
person who reports abroad everything
he hears [Sw. epesi, light; ukarasa,
sheet, of paper].

296 KA

Ex. uBani ust'el'ikasi, So-and-so is now
a mere feather (from weakness and emacia-
tion ).

ugicayi /ramakasi, leaf-tobacco (not cut).

ulula I'ikasi, he is light (as) a leaf = he
is swift on his feet.

u(lu)-Kasi (Khasi), n. Certain kind of grass
used for making ropes, sewing baskets,
etc.; (collect.) ama-Shoba for arm-orna-
mentation when of a dirty unwashed-
looking colour, such as are only worn
by men of low degree (cp. i-nGceba).

Ka'sibili (s. k.), adv. In reality, for good
and all (C.N.).

u-Kasikulu (Khasikhulu), n. Certain veldt-
shrub, having a strong smell and used
as amaka, and as a clyster for children.

Kata, ukuti (Khatha, ukuthi), v. Enter a
hut (loc.) or kraal (suddenly or unex-
pectedly ), step in, pop in — referring to
the moment of first appearance = ukuti
katata; cp. ukuti qata.

Ex. ngike ngati kata ka'Bani, I just popped
in at So-and-so's (on my way).

Kata (Khatha), v. (C.N.) = gcoba [Sw.
katua, polish],

Phr. leyo'nkomo ikatile, that beast is fat (N).

i-nKata (Katha),n. Grass ring or coil,
used for placing on the head as a pad,
when carrying any weight; ring-shaped
twisted collection or entanglement, as
of fencing-wire, or when a long span
of oxen turn round upon those behind,
or of anything generally of a firm, rigid
nature (not usually of a loosely-hang-
ing, pliant coil, as of string = i(li)-Faba) ;
entangled affair that one cannot trace
the beginning or end of, can make
nothing out of [Sw. kata, grass head-
pad; Ga. n-kate, same; Bo. lu-gata,
same ; Her. o-ngata, same, also coil
generally].

Phr. nfikc enkateni yenkangala, she has
got to a grass-pad of the open-veldt = has
got where there will be hard management —
applied alike to an ungovernable girl who,
having got married, will have her stub-
bornness broken ; or to a man who has
married such an intractable creature.

iiku-m-songa inkata, to bind him up in
a coil so that he can't get loose, i. e. so
confound him by speech that he is unable
to reply

isi-Kata (Khatha), n. Hair-ball or solid
mass of hairs, etc., sometimes found in
the stomachs of calves and to whom
they are fatal; knot of people (perhaps
a dozen ) standing anywhere together
( cp. i(li)-Dhlanzana); entangled ball or
mass of striny and the like.

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297

KA

Phr. uBani wadhla isikata, So-and-so
ate a hair-ball, i. e. has the constant cough
marking consumption, etc.. the which is sup-
posedly caused by the presence of an n(lu)-
Dosi in the air-passages.

;V. B. The above-mentioned hair-balls are
carefully preserved, as, burnt and powdered,
they constitute the chief Native remedy for
this complaint.

ama-Katakata (Khathakhatha), n. = ama-
Katazo.

Katala (Khathala), v. tiet fatigued, tired,
wearied, in limb or heart (used in perf.
= dinwa); care about, trouble oneself
about anything (with nga).

Ex. ngikatele kabi, I am wretchedly tired.
angikatali ngaloko, I don't mind that.

Katalela (Khathalela), v. Have care for,
trouble or concern oneself about any-
thing (aec). Cp. nakekela.

Ex. kakataleli impahla yabanye abantu,

he doesn't bother himself about what be-
longs to others.

i-n Katanga (Kathanga), n. Skin prepuce-
cover of boys (C.N.); chain [D. kef ting,
chain].

Katata, ukuti (Khdthatha, ukuthi),v. =
ukuti kata.

Kataza (Khathaza), v. Make a person (ace.)
fatigued, tired, weary, as a long journey,
much work, constantly the same food,
or enduring mental trouble; hence, tire
out, fatigue; weary, bore; tire out with
constant worrying, vexing, as might an
incorrigible child or importunate beggar
== dina; shipa.

Ex. ake bakataxane bodwa, just let them
bother one another ( not me ) — which might
be said where in Eng. we should say Let
them have it out aloue' (without bothering
me).

its'engikataxile, he has now tired me out
i.e. I am now sick of him.

i(li)-Katazo (Khttthazo), n. Small veldt-herb,
whose roots are worn round the neck
and occasionally nibbled against an urn-
Kuhlane; pi. ama-Katazo (no sing.),
household medicine, domestic remedies
(= ama-Katakata; ep. i(li)-Kambi).

P. ikataxo labuyela emfutwerii, the prophy-
lactic returned again to the medicine-bag
(as useless) — denoting the failure or col-
lapse of some plan or effort.

i-nKatazo (Kathazo), n. Any tiresome
thing wearying by its constant annoy-
ance, as the persistent bad conduct of
a boy.

Kate, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.t), r. Be very

black = ukuti kace.

Kati (Khathi), conj. Although, even though
= nakuba, kona.

Ex. kat'esho wodhltU'uhlalc, even though
he say so, you shall nevertheless remain.

i(li)-Kati (s.k.; s.t.), n. Cat. Cp. u-Mangobe

[D. kat\.

i-nKati (Kathi), n. Time, in the sense of
period, season, age, etc. (not in the or-
dinary sense of undetermined duration
= isi-Kati).

Ex. kiileyo' ukuti, at that time for period).
wofika ngenkati yobusika, you must come

in the winter time.

isi-Kati (Khathi), n. Time, in its general
sense (as undetermined duration; not
as a particular period see i-nKati);
time (in the sense of a particular mo-
ment or point in the passing of events),
hour, time of day; single repetition or
doing of anything, a time; (T) a watch,
clock [Skr. ani-ati, kala, time; Lat. te-
rnpus; Ar. wakt; Sw. wa-kati; Bo. u-kati;
MZT. li-sikati, midday].

Ex. kwaku ngasipi isikati? at what time
(or when) was that?

seku'silcati sini? what time is it now?

wakupinda ixikati exingaki? how many
times did you repeat it?

ixikati (or Ukuti) xonke, at all times, al-
ways, ever.

urn- Kati (Khathi), n. 5. Space intervening
between any two things, as between one
box, hut, kraal, river, etc., and another;
hence, sometimes equivalent to way.
distance, stretch (cp. isi-Kala); space
between earth and heaven; hence, air,
firmamental void (cp. i(Ii)-Zulu); dura-
tion, space of time between one speci-
fied point and another, hence some-
times equivalent to interval, while [akin
to pakati].

Ex. umkati iconke lo kade nikulunia-ni'i
what have you been talking about all thi>
way (or while)?

umkati wale'mpi sowumude wokuqalana
kwayo, the duration <<i' this war is already
long, of (i. e. since) its mutual starting off.

s'ake emkatini icomLataxi nomHlatuxe, we
live in the country between the Umlalazi
and Urahlatuze (rivers).

i(li)-Katibuti (Khathibuthi), n. Certain veldt-
herb, resembling the i-nTshongwe.

Katilesi (Khathilesi), adv. At once, imme-
diately (now nearly obsolete) kona-
m a nje.
Ex. ukulete katilesi, bring it at once.

Katimbe or Katisimbe (Khathimbhe or Kha-
thisimbhe), adv. Perhaps (now nearly
obsolete) mhlawumbe.

KA

298

KA

i-nKato (Katho),n. Lot (for determining
chance) (C.N.). Cp. i-nDhlihL

Ex. akwentwi inkato, let there be cast
lots iNi.

bayakudhlana ngenkato, they will decide
for one another by lot [N).

udhlitce inkato, or inkato imdhlite, the lot
has fallen mi him iX).

Katula (Khathula), v. Do anything in a
large degree, abundantly, extensively,
a.- when hoeing a large tract of field
(ace.), covering much country (ace.) on
a journey, giving one abundantly of food
tace. i, a thorough ratine, etc. hazula,
kakalaza.

Ex. icabukatitla koiia, you served it it lie
Keen out abundantly, you did.

namhia inisimu bayikatidile, they have
<loue a large extent of the field to-day
ploughing, weeding, etc.).

i-nKavunkavu (s. /,-.), n. Any coarse, husky
kind of food, as coarsely-ground meal,
or porridge made therefrom. See ka-
fuza; ama-Hlayihlayi.

i-nKawu (s.k.), n. .Monkey ( ep. 1-mFene);
albino < irikawu yas ekaya or yas'emzini)
these latter are not uncommon among
the Natives [Skr. kapi, ape ; Ka. inkao,
monkey; <bt. nhima, monkey; nomagoi,
albino].

isi-Kawu (Khawu), //. Break or interrup-
tion, as of work, or any performance
repeated at intervals. Cp. um-Kawulo;
um-Kati.

Ex. Una la-pa sifunda ixikaiou, we here
have Bchool with breaks or intervals (whether
in the daily or aunual course).

Una ixikaicu, it rains with interruptions
- -bower after shower, with intervening
breaks .

Kawuka (Khawuka), v. Get brought to
a stop or cessation, as any action in
course of progression, e.g. a continued
noise; have a boundaz-y or limitation set,
get terminated, as a field at any parti-
cular spot; get broken off, interrupted,
Btayed, as a flow of blood, or rain.
'"p. nqamuka.

Ex. uku-kawuka umoya, to have the breath

interrupted, obstructed, as one suffering from

some pulmonary diseases, or from hunger.

likawukile manje, it the blood) has now

sed flowing.

isi-Kawukawu (KKawukhawu), n. Anything
of a strong, sharp nature, such as causes
an irritating roughness in the throat -

/ ,i,rn-., In.

Kawula (Khawula), v. Bring to a stop

sation, as any action (ace.) in course

°f I i ; make or set a boundary

or limitation on anything (ace), termi-
nate, as a field at any particular spot;
have the boundary at, come up to, reach
as far as, as high water in a river. Cp.
nqamula.

Ex. kawula! that'll do! stop!

akaiottla-pi amanxa? how high is the
water i.e. how far does it reach (reference
being to a person's body)?

ngatoukawtdile kiiko toko, you ought to
have stopped there, confined yourself to that
( and not gone on further with your talk.
petitioning, etc.).

ubuhMmgu ubukmculele ngako loku, make
a boundary for the poison (of the snake)
with this (binding), i.e. by tying it round
the leg and so preventing further circulation
of the poison.
Kawuleza (Khatvuleza), v. Hasten, go

quickly = shesha.
um-Kawulo (Khawulo), n. 5. Boundary,
limit, end, as of anything, as a field, or
action, as a noise. Cp. isi-Kawu.

Kawuzela ( Khmvuzela), v. Cause a slight
burning, hot sensation in the throat, as
mustard. Cp. nwayizela; kaka.

Kaxa, ukuti (Khcixa, ukuthi), v. Catch hold
of anything (ace.) with a sudden firm
snapping grip, as one might a thief, or
an iron-trap an animal (= ukuti kamfu,
ukuti kanku ) ; thrust into, inside, in
between or among, so as to be held or
contained by, as an article (ace.) into a
box, or a man thrusting himself in
between two other sitters (cp. ukuti go-
xo) = kaxaza; get so caught hold of, or
thrust in between = kaxaka.

Kaxaka (Khaxaka), v. = ukuti kaxa.

Kaxaza (Khaxaza), v. = ukuti kaxa, ka-
mfuna, kankula.

i(li)-Kaya (Khaya — loe. eKaya), n. Home;
domicile, permanent dwelling; home, in
sense of goal, place for which one is
bound [Skr. vas, dwell; Lat. casa, cot-
tage; Ar. hand, house; Hi.ghar, makan,
house; Sw. kaa, dwell; Her. e-ha, oku-
kara, home; Bo. kaya, town, home; Reg.
kxvane, home; Wol. ukaye, nounal suffix
denoting 'place of or for' — possibly
akin to hlala, aka],

Ex. uku-ngena, or uku-fika, ekaya, to get,
or reach, home(iu actual or metaphor, sense).

bus ekaya tfomame, k'obaba, etc., it is my
mother's, my father's, etc., home there, i. e.
it is my grandmother's or my grandfather's.

Kayinga (Khayinga), v. = kanzinga.
ubu-Kayingantanga (Khayingantanga), n.

= ubu-Kanzingambece.
i-nKayishana (s. k.), n. — see i-Nkayishana.
Kaza (Khaza), v. Expel worms from the

KA

intestines of a person (ace), rid one of
worms, as does a vermifuge, or the
administrator thereof (freq. transposed
into passive form); (C.N.) hence, met-
aphor., get the better of, manage well
for, treat in a masterly way.

P. inkomankuma ikaw mnniniyo, the fern-
root has cleaned out its owner — as might
be said of an umtakati who has inadvertently
drunk the poison prepared for another =
he was hoist with his own petard.

ama-Kaza (Khaza — no sing.,), n. Cold, cold-
ness (of weather). Cp. i(li)-Qwa; qanda
[Goth, kalds, cold; O.Ic. kala, freeze;
Hi. thanda, cold ; Her. tarazu, cold ; He.
ngala; Bush, gau, cold].

Ex. umoyd o'makaxa, atnanxi a'rnaka&a,,
rtc, a cold or chilly wind, water, etc.

um-Kaza (Khaza — gen. collect., sometimes
with plur.), n. 5. Common red tick, as
found at the end of grass-stalks. Cp.
i(li)-Kizane; i-nKizane; i(li)-Qashi.

i-nKazana (s. k. -• plur. ama-Nkazana), n.
Girl, generally (of any size) — the word
is only used now by women [Sha. ka-
zana, child boy or girl ; Her. oniu-ka-
zona, girl; Sw. kijana, girl].

i-nKazane (s.k.),n. Certain weed, having
a white flower, and eaten as imifino ;
also = i-nKizane.
Kazi (Khazi), adv. May-be, perhaps (only
used in interrogations of doubt), similar
to Eng. 'I wonder, I wonder whether'
umakazi, pane, ngapane.

Ex. kaxi nyakuti-ni? I wonder what he
will say?

kazi bayakuhamba namhla, yini? I wonder
whether they will go to-day, or not?

wamshaya csiswini: kaxi wacita ixibiliui.
yini? ngoba wafa, he struck him in the bel-
ly; I don't know whether perhaps he injured
the bowels, or what ? because he ( afterwards )
died.

Kazi, ukuti (Khazi, iikuthi), v. = kazimu-
la.

u-Kazikazi (Khazikhazi), n. Certain very
fine, bright green river-grass = u(lti)-
Ce.

Kazimula (Khazimula), v. Shine, in any
of its forms, as polished boots, or aflame
in the dark; be glossy, as a sleek horse;
be bright, as burnished metal; glitter,
sparkle, gleam, as a fire-fly, a diamond,
or glass in the sun ( = benyezela ) =
ewazimula, cwazizcla, cwebezela, kazize-
la.

Kazizela (Khaxizela), v. = kazimula.

Ke (s. k.), enclitic expressing ' then, very
well, all right', ami always affixed to the

^Z

299 KE

end of another word the force of which
it softens.

Ex. hamba-ke.' go along then!

hlala-ke, uma utanda, eery well, remain, if

you like.

Ke (s. k.), verb. pari. abbrev. of ake q. v.,
freq. used in connection with a pers.
pron., sing, or plur., of the 1st. pers.
See. e.

Ex. I.rsibone! let us see! may \\c jw-t -.■.■!

Ke (s.k.), euphon. form of Ka, q. v., ex-
pressing to chance, happen, etc

Keba (Kheba), v. Dig out, excavate, cul
away or cut out soil (ace.) with a hoe
or spade, as when excavating a mealie-
pit, digging out a road-cutting, etc. (not
when digging out a plant see mba) ;
dig out one's stomach or eyes, i. e. have
them sunken in, from famine or wast-
ing disease (used in perf. = kebeka) ^
ukuti kebe, kebeza.

Ex. ka'Ilai/i kuy'indhlala, bakebile bonke,

at So-and-so's it is a famine, they have
sunken stomachs all of them.

i(li)-Kebazane (Khebazane), n. = i(fi)-Kebe-
zane.

Kebe, ukuti (Ktiebe, ukuthi),v. = keba, ke-
beza.

i(li)-Kebe (Kebhe), n. Cab; riksha [Eng.].

isi-Kebe (Kebhe), n. Boat. Cp. um-Kumbi
[P. skip, ship].

isi-Kebe (Khebe), it. Excavation or 'dug
out', big hole or pit, such as are dug
for entrapping large game, or as exist
about the veldt in some parts.

Kebeka (Khebeka), v. Get dug out, i. e. be
sunken in, as the eyes of a person
wasted by disease, or the stomach of
one very hangry (used in perf.). See
keba; kebezela.

Kebeza (Khebeza), v. = keba.

i(li)-Kebezane (Khebezane), n. Kind of as-
segai (not common in Zululand) with
a gz'ooved blade (N.).

Kebezela (Khebezela), v. Go along in a
weak, powerless manner, 'sunken in at
the middle', as one quite done up with
hunger = yepezela; cp. keba; kef>eka.

Keca (Kheca), v. = ukuti kece.

Kece, ukuti (Ki/ere, ukuthi), e. Eall toge-
ther, sink in. get compressed, from
internal emptiness, as any liag-like or
soft natured thing having nothing inside,
e.g. an empty bag, person's stomach,
or some pumpkins when drying up
internally = ukuti kepece.

i(li)-Kecesi (Khecesi), n. Any bag-like or
soft-shelled thing, compressible or sunken

KE 300

together from internal emptiness, as a
hungry-man's stomach, empty bladder,
or pumpkin dried-up inside = i(li)-Ke-
peca, i(li)-Kepelekece.

u(lu)-Kecesi (Khecesi),n. Person with a
small, sunken, empty-looking stomach.
Cp. i(li)-Lambalidhlile.

Keceza (Kheceza), v. = keteza (khetheza).

i-nKedama (s.k.),n. Orphan i. e. one without
lather, mother, or both = i-nTandane.

Kedamisa (Khedamisa), v. Be dejected,
depressed in spirits, sad (used in perf.),
as one cast down with some sorrow.
i-nKongolwana.

Kefu, ukuti (Khefu, ukuthi), /<. Take a
breath, as a person resting for a mo-
ment From any exertion = hlaba ipika.

Kefula (Khefula),v. = ukuti kefu.

Kefuzela (Khefuzela), r. = pefuzela.

Kehla (Khehla), v. Wear, or have the
headring put on for the first time, as a
young-man (see i(li)-Kehla; tunga), or
the topknot, as an affianced girl just
previous to marriage (see i-nKehli)', put
on to a man or girl (ace), or cause to
lie so put on for the first time the head-
ring or topknot, as one's chief, a barber,
or ;i -ill's father; break or chop off with
;i crashing noise anything (ace.) of a dry
crisp nature, as branches from a tree or
mealie-stalks in a field when harvesting
( kehleza >.

i(li)-Kehla (Khehla), n. Man who has already
put on the headring. Cp. i-nTsizwa; ke-
hla.

Kehle, ukuti (Khehle, ukuthi), v. Make a
'crashing' sound, as a person breaking
off dry wood (ace), bones, etc. = kehle-
za, kehla, ukuti fehle; get so 'crashed'
i.e. gel broken or chopped down in a
dry state, as above; be of a 'crashable'
nature, i.e. crisply dried-up, as a tree-
branch, mealie-grain, or a thoroughly
emaciated person kehlezeka; cp. uku-
ti geqe.

u-Kehle (Khehle), u. White hard substance
(like teeth) in honeycomb of old bees
(C.N.)

isi- Kehle (Khehle), n. Dried-up person or
animal, all bones | u(lu)-Kehle) ; lot
of bony meat with scarcely any flesh ;
also sometimes isi-lllrke.

u(lu)-Kehle (Khehle),n. isi-Kehle.

Kehlehle, ukuti (Khehlehle, ukuthi),v. Sink
vii in a heap, as one thoroughly ex-
hausted or powerless.

i-nKehlela (s.k.), n. One of the first girls'
gimenl formed by Mpande, and next
before the i-nGcosho.

KE

Kehleza (Khehleza),v. Make a 'crashing'
sound; hence, break, chop down, etc.,
dry wood (ace), mealie-stalks in a har-
vesting field, or anything else of a crisp,
dry nature = kehla, ukuti kehle.

Ex. bayikehlexa intsimu ka'Bafii, they
chopped off the field of So-and-so, they did
— when harvesting the mealies by chopping
down the whole stalk.

Kehlezeka (Khehlezeka), v. Get so broken
or chopped 'crashingly' down, as above;
be of a 'crashable' nature i.e. dry and
crisply breakable; be thoroughly' done
up, exhausted, powerless, have the bones
crash together in a heap = ukuti kehle,
kehlehle.

i-nKehli (s.k.),n. Betrothed girl, who has
already put on the topknot preliminary
to marriage. See kehla.

i(li)-Keke (Khekhe), n. = i(li)-Kekeba.

izi-Keke (Khekhe — no sing.,), n. = is-Ankefe.

u(iu)-Keke (s. k.), n. One-sided thing, i.e.
lopping, falling, going aslant to one side,
as a pot raised on one side only, a lop-
sided ship, the head of a shy girl, or a
picture hanging slantingly on a wall -
always used adverbially, as below, in
connection with some action or verb,
and in the sense of 'sideways, slanting-
ly, lopsidedly, towards the side', etc. =
u(lu)-Gule, u(lu)-Gegebu, u(lu)-Tsheku
[Bo. lu-gega, leaning ; Sw. lekea, lean to].

Ex. isitsha si mi 'lukeke, the vessel stands
inclined to one side.

uNeeni uy'inkala, us'ehamba Hukelce (ov
'lutsheku), Nceni is a crab, he now walks oft'
sideways, i. e. has left the straight path, has
given us the slip.

i(li)-Kekeba (Khekheba), u. Any rigid plate
or cake of a thing, a broad flat lump,
as of paving stone, sheet of ice, large
piece of honeycomb or a single mass
of cloud; pi. ama-Kekeba, swollen
patches on the body caused by urticaria
or nettle-pash (see isi-Hlungu; um-Ko-
ii do) = i(li)-Keke; cp. isi-Xwexive.

Kekebula or Kekebuza (Khekhebula), v.
Break up or cut up into large cakes, as
when hoeing or ploughing up new land
in great clods, or ice in a river.

Ke ke ke, ukuti (Khe khe the, ukuthi), v.
= gegezela.

izi-Kekeke (Khekhekhe), n. = izi-Keke.

Kekela (s. k.), v. Cackle, as a hen after
laving an egg; sing lowly to oneself,
'chuckle', as when playing the u-gubu,
a person working by himself, or a
young-man while going along the road.
Cp. kikiliga.

KE

i(li)-Kekeva (Khekheva), n. = i(li)-Keke.

Kekezela (Khckhczela), v. = gegezela.

Kela (s. k.), v. Scoop or hollow out, as the
sides of a inealie-pit (ace.), or as water
does the banks of a river = gumba,
guba; cp. kel><<.

Kela (Khela),v. Place or stain I any long
upright thing in a slanting position, by
removing its base out of the perpen-
dicular, as one might a post (ace.) when
leaning it against a wall, or a pillar
when one wants to make fall that which
it supports; bring down a person or
animal (ace.) by pulling its legs from
under it (— hesha); draw out informa-
tion from a person (ace.) artfully, 'draw'
him; (C.N.) perform the ceremony, cus-
tomary in some tribes, of holding a
dance in the kraal of a betrothed girl
upon the occasion of the prospective
bridegroom arriving with the lobola
cattle, and in which the girl, alter hav-
ing placed a sleeping-mat upon the
ground in the cattle-kraal, leads a bro-
ther or a sister of her young-man to sit
thereon (cp. ka) [Her. ka or ke, cut
down or fell].

Ex. ama/nxi ayamkela umuntu, uma umfu-
la ugewele, the water takes one oil' his feet
(or puts him aslant) when the river is full.

isi-Kelana (Khelana), n. One of two small
strips of meat situated near the um-Kele
on the chest of an ox.

Kele, ukuti (Khele, ukuthi), v. — keleza.

i si -Kile (Keele), n. = isi-Keli.

um-Kele (Khele), n. 5. One of two large
strips of meat situated on each side of
the chest of an ox, and usually eaten by
the kraal-head as a choice part; also
= um-Kamba.

Kelekehle, ukuti (Khelekehle, ukuthi), r.
ukuti kalakata.

isi-Kelekehle (Khelekehle), n. Steep, pre-
cipitous place ( = i-nKelekete ) ; big broad
river (= isi-Walakahla).

Kelekehlela (Khelekehlela), v. = kalakate-
la.

u-Kelekelekobo or Kelekelegobo or Kele-
keleqobozi (Khelekhelekobho, or Khele-
khelegobho, or Khelekheleqobhozi ), u.
Certain children's game, in which, a row
of them hop along on one leg (= kele-
za), crying f Kelekelekobo ! ngahlatshwa
ameva!' = u-Kolokobo.

Kelekete, ukuti (Khelekethe, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti kalakata.

i-nKelekete (Kelekethe), n. Precipitous,
perpendicular place, as a precipice, or
the bank of a steep donga; deep-set

301 KE

eye, from the projecting brows ( ■■ uiu-
Holo) — isi-Kelekehle.

isi-Kelekete (Khelekethe), n. i-nKelekete.

Keleketela (Khelekethela), v. = kalakatela.

Kelela (Khelela), v. Do the drawing or
fetching of water (ace.) for filling an
imbiza (ace), i. e. go repeatedly to and
fro to the spring (not merely to draw
once = ka ), as any particular child
appointed for the work.

Kelenga (Khelenga), v. Do or speak in a
deceitful, crafty, double-faced manner, as
an artful dodger trying to take one in
in a bargain ( — ukuba namaeebo); in-
form against one (ace.) in a deceitful,
underhanded manner to one's chief ( =
ceba ).

i(li)-Kelengu (Khelengu), n. Craftily dishon-
est, deceitful, double-faced person, who
boldly takes one in in a bargain, informs
against one privately to the chief, etc.
See kelenga; cp. i(li)-Washuwashu.

i-nKe'enkele (s.k.),n. Deep chasm or pit,
down or into which one might fall.

Keleza (Kheleza), v. Go on one leg, as a per-
son hopping or (by comparison) when
limping from lameness = ukuti kele.

i(li)-Keli (Kheli), n. Address, of a letter
[ Eng. care <>f\.

isi-Keli or Kelo (Keeli or Keelo), u. Pair
of scissors [D. skeer].

um-Kelo (Khelo), n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Kele.

i-nKemba, u. see i-Nkemba.

Kerne, ukuti (Kheme, ukuthi), v. keme-
zela.

Kemelele, ukuti (Khemelele, ukuthi), r. Sit
or stand in silent amazement or surprise,
as when suddenly arrested in one's
course, speech, etc., by something un-
usual ( cp. ukuti kexe, qimilili, kenkene-
ne); used also of the sitting at home in
silent mourning or grief of a family in
which a death or other calamity has
occurred.

isi-Kemelele (Khemelele), n. Surprise throw,
or the unexpected blow, with a knob-
kerry, etc., as when a man quarrel-
ling with another suddenly snatches up
a missile and hurls it at him (cp. um-
Jigijelo ) ; a silent sitting in grief, mourn-
ing, or mental dejection, as of a family
upon the death of one <>f its members
(with hlala <>r enza). Cp. i-nKongolwa-
na.

Kemezela (Khemezela), r. Drizzle; rain in
fine, light drops (less than kvsa and
more than kifiza ).

um-Kemezeio (Khemezelo), a. o. A drizzle,
or light fine rain. Cp. um-Kizo.

KE 302

Kence, ukuti (Khence, ukutki), r. = kence-

:a.

Kenceza (Khenceza), r. Ring, tinkle, clink,
as a bell, -lass, chain or metal when
struck. Cp. kenqeza.

isi-Kendevu (Khendevu), n. Old, chipped,
wnni-'Hii i-mBiza; big ugly old-man.

i(li)-Kendhlekendhle (KKendhlekhendhle) n.
l(li)-Folofolo.

Kendhlenyeka (KliciulJilenyeka), v. -— folo-
la.

Kendhlezela (Khendhlezela), v. = folozela.

i(li)-Kenekene (KJi'enekhene), n. Person
<|uite without power, as from utter ex-
haustion, enervation, etc. See kenezela.

um-Kenene (Khenene), n. 5. Interval or
break in a conflict in which the fighting-
parties draw back for a moment (with
t )\ also = um-Zila.

Kenezela (Khenezela), v. Be quite without
bodily power, as when thoroughly ex-
hausted, enervated, etc. See i(li)-Kene-
heme.

i-nKengana (s.k.),n. Famine, food-dearth
= i-)>Dhlala (for which word it is often
used to hlonipa).

i-nKenkane (s. kj, u. Spoonbill {Platalea
alba).

isi-Kenke (Khenke),n. The space left by
a thing when partly open, not thorough-
ly closed, or not meeting perfectly to-
Ther, as a door, window, or a box-lid
partly open, or a man's waistcoat or
-iris utuutsha when not meeting com-
pletely round the body ( with sala, shi-
ya, etc.). = i-Nqeke, isi-Kenkesi; cp.
!(H)-Banga. See kenkesa [Her. omu-seka,
-pace].

um-Kenke (Khenke), n. 5. Deep crack or
fissure in the flesh (not merely skin —
see i-nKwali) beneath the feet of some
Natives (with whom it is constitutional,
perhaps from scrofula).

Kenkenene, ukuti (Khenkenene, ukuthi), v.
Stand or sit gazing full-face at anything,
a class of school-children when a
stranger enters, or cattle when a person
passes near them on the veldt = ke-
nkeneneka; make or cause so to gaze =
kenkeneneza.

Kenkeneneka ( Khenkeneneka), v. = ukuti

kenkenene.
Kenkeneneza (Khenkeneneza), v. = ukuti

kenkenene.

Kenkesa (Khenkeea), v. Be partly open,
not closely joined, leaving an open space,
hut-door half-open, or a window,

KE

(used

in perf.). See

or a man's waistcoat open in
front, or a woman'- kill when not meet-

ing at the side
isi-Kenke.

Ex. ngiyaboua ihlexi ikeukesile, I see it
( the hut) remaining partly open.

isi-Kenkesi (Khenkesi), n. = isi-Kenke.

Kenketa (Khenketha), v. Go about per-
petually, be endlessly travelling or
roving about the country, as a police-
man or vagrant; travel far over the
country (ace), make a long journey.
Cp. hamba [Her. kuka, travel].

Ex. nilikenketUe ixwe, you have travelled
over the country (indeed you have).

yiloku akenketayo, he has been always
travelling about.

um-Kenkete or Kenketo (Khenketho), n. 5.
One always travelling about; a vagrant.

Kenqe, ukuti (Khenqe, ukuthi), v. Clatter,
rattle, as two gourds or pieces of wood
carried dangling on a string; make so
to clatter or rattle = kenqeza.

Kenqeza (Khenqeza), v. = ukuti kenqe.
isi-Kenxe (Khenxe), n. = isi-Kexe.
i(li)-Kenyekenye (Khenyekhenye), n. = i(li)-

Folofolo.
Kenyezela (Khenyezela), v. = folozela.
Kepa (Kepha), adv. and eonj. However,

yet, and yet, but, then. Cp. kodwa;

kanti.

Ex. kepa kavumanga, however he didn't
consent.

kepa bengimtshelile, and yet I had told
him.

Kepe, ukuti (ukuti; s.k.; s.p.),v. == kepeze-

la.
i(li)-Kepeca or Kepece (Khepheca), n. —

i(li)-Kecesi.

Kepece, ukuti (Khephece, ukuthi), v. =

ukuti kece.
i(li)-Kepelekece (Khephelekece), n. = i(li)-

Kecesi.

Kepezela (s.k.; s. p.), v. Be softly, freshly
supple or tender, as plants when still
young and green ; be supple, or flabbily
relaxed, as the stomach of a famished
person (cp. kebezela); be supple or
softly bending, as the body of a tall
slim man when he walks.

Ex. itmmbila ivami uyakepezela, my mealies
are looking nice and fresh.

Kepu, ukuti (Khephu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti.
hlepu.

isi-Kepu (Khephu), n. = isi-Hlepu.

Kepuka (Khephu hi), /». Fall drooping over
or out, as the froth from a pot of fer-
menting beer or a.masi, or from the
mouth of a horse; or as the filaments

KE

303

KE

of a mealie-plant, or the plumes from a
row's tail when hound about a man's
hody (= kihlika, qilika, qepuka)', also

= hlepuka.

isi-Kepukepu (Khephukephu), n. Person
or thing 'waving fringily,' as a goat

with its long wavy hair, or a man dressed
up in plumes; froth or foam flowing
over.

Kepula (Khephula), v. = hlepula.

Kepuza (Khephuza), v. Send frothing over,
as heer or a horse the foam (ace.); let
fall droopingly about, as a mealie-plant
its filaments (ace), or a man the plumes
with which he has adorned his body =
kihliza, qiliza, qepuza.

Keqe, ukuti (Kheqe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti

kenqe.
Keqeza (Kheqeza), v. = kenqeza.

Kesa (Khesa), v. Run down, disparage,
decry any person (ace.) or thing = fi-
lisa, gxiba.

Kesezela (Khesezela), v. Whisper aside
(C.N.).

Keshe keshe, ukuti (Kheshe kheshe, ukuthi),
v. Go along sharply, 'rattle' along, as
when hurrying with work (only used
of walking j ; rattle, as a little snuff, etc.,
left in a box = ukuti heshe, kesheza.

Kesheza (Khesheza), v. = ukuti keshe keshe.

i-n Kesheza (s.k.),n. = i-nHesheza.

Keta (Khetha), v. Pick out, choose, select,
as one thing (ace.) from among a number
(= qoka, enyula) ; pick out a person
(ace.) for exceptional treatment, hence
often equivalent to except or exclude,
favour or show exceptional kindness to,
or show marked disfavour towards one ;
pick out (gen. by an isi-Keto) foreign
bodies (ace.) from amidst beer, etc.;
show off or make a show with, as when
bringing out one's fine things (with
nga) before visitors, exhibiting one's
cattle during a wedding-dance, or a man
dressing up his wives in finery so as
to make a grand impression; perform
certain show dances, as the bridegroom's
party (not that of the bride — see gca-
gca) going through their dance at a
wedding in the presence of the bride's
party (= uku-ketela umakoti), or a re-
giment of soldiers dancing before their
chief, or the chief himself exhibiting in
dance before his people [Goth, kiusa,
choose; Sw. okota, kuta, pick up, pick
by chance].

Ex. sekuyakuketa iketo, now is the bride-
groom's party going to exhibit itself in
dance.

uketa ngabo abafaxi bake, he shows off

with his wives.

uku-keta mxeba, to choose tin- spot (gen.
on the side i whereat to deal ;i fatal stab, .■<-
in slaughtering a beast.

Phr. basiketisa okwepela emasini, they casl
us out just like si beetle from the amasi , i. >
they excluded us from their society or con-
versation, marked u> out among the others
for exceptionally cold treatment. See 1(h)-
(Judc.

i-n Keta or Kete (Keetha or Keethe), u.
New sleeping-mat (see i(li)-Cantsi ),
still lying flat and freshly white
mostly used of mats made of i-nCema
rushes; the i-nCema rushes themselves
(locally).

Kete, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.;s.t.),v. Say a
single word, open the mouth to speak
(gen. used in negative )= ukuti nka.

Ex. ungaze watt kete, don't say a word!
don't open your mouth!

Kete, ukuti (Khethe, ukuthi), v. Agree to
readily, allow without any objection
(with vuma); also = keteza.

i-n Kete (Keethe), n. = i-nKeta.

u(lu)-Kete (Khethe - no plur.J, n. Lami-
nated stone, whether as flags or shale;
(mod.) galvanized roofing-iron. Cp. itm-
Kumenge, um-Kumampofu.

Kete kete, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; s. t.), v. —
ukuti gede gede.

i(li)-Ketekete (s.k.; s.t.),n. = u(lu)-Gedege-
de.

i(li)-Ketekete (Khethekhefhe), n. Person
with a glib, unprincipled tongue, who
talks or readily consents to any lies,
deceitful talk, etc. See keteza.

i(li)-Ketelo (s.k.; s.t.),n. Kettle [Eng.].

i(li)-Ketelo (Khethelo— no pluig, n. The
'choice' among many, as the pick of a
herd of cattle, the best of one's plate or
table-services, the finest of one's gar-
ments, etc., such as are only produced
on special occasions.

Ex. bafika basibekela ngexitsha teketelo,
they got and served us with their best ves-
sels (not produced for ordinary use).
Keteza (s. k.; s. t.), v. = gedeza.

Keteza (Khetheza), v. Have a glib tongue;

talk readily, with perfect indifference,

lies, deceitful talk, consent to anything,

etc. See i(U)-Ketekete.
i(ll)-Keto (Khetho), n. Bridegroom's party

at a wedding-dance. Cp. um-Timba.

isi-Keto (Khetho), n. Spoon-like beer-skim-
mer, platted of palm-leaves, etc.

um-Keto (Khetho), n. 5. = i(li)-Ketelo.

KE 304

u(lu)-Ketshe (s.k.; s.t.),ti. = u(lu)-Tsheke.
u(lu)-Ketsheza (s.k.; s.t.),n. = u(lu)-Tshe-

kc.

Ketu, ukuti (ukuthi;

yendu.
Ketuka (s. k.; s. (■). v.
Ketu la (s. /•..■ s. t.), v.

s. k.; s.t.), v. = ukuti

— yenduka.

Make fall over on the
side, as a lamp (ace), pot, or other stand-
ing thing (= yendula); make lie, as a
storm-wind might mealies; take off one's
feet, tumble over, as a strong current
might fin' wading through it.

Keve, ukuti (Kheve, ukuthi), v. Be broad-
ly open, stretched widely open, opened
out wide, as the broad (not high) month
of a cave a broadly-extended doorway
>>t' a hut, or the pudenda fan/hue = ke-
vezeka; open out, or stretch open in a
broadly extended manner, as a big broad-
mouthed person the mouth (ace.) when
laughing, or a female child the pudenda
when sitting indecently; gape in a stu-
pid manner, .is at a person = keveza,
ukuti geve, ukuti yovo.

Phr. keve! sengati udhle amasetole, gapy!

ymi look just us though you had been eating
-'inn milkwood-sap (in mistake for amasi,
yiiii li.uk <n surprised with yourself) — said
in a gaping child.

u(lu)-Kevete (Khevethe), n. Great famine
• it- food-scarcity. Cp. i-nDhlala.

Keveza (Kheveea), r. = ukuti keve, geveza,
govoza.

isi-Keveza (Kheveza), n. Any broad-mouth-
'-d thing or thing with a broadly-
stretched opening, as some huts, caves,
big-mouthed persons, etc. — freq. used
in diminutive of contempt — isi-Keveza-
na.

Kevezeka f Klieoezeka), v. = ukuti keve.

i(li)-Kewe (Khewe), u. Big, strong boy

"'.X.,.

Kewu, ukuti (Ktiewu, ukuthi), v. — kewu-
ka; kewula.

i(li)-Kewu (s.k.), „. Domestic duck (N).

isi-Kewu (Khewu), u. Chip, as round the
brim of a pot, or on the front teeth of
a man, i.e. the open space left by the
removal of the fragment. Cp. u(lu)-De-
ngeei.

Kewuka (Khewul.-u), r. Receive a chip, get
chipped, have a piece chipped out, as a
pot that lias had a fragment broken
from tin- brim, or the front tooth of a
man of which a corner has been knocked

off.

Kewula (Kheumla), >■. Cause to be chipped,
chip a thing (ace.) i.e. knock a fragment
from it- edge, as above.

Kl
Kexa (Khexa), v. - - ukuti kexe.

Kexe, ukuti (Khexe, ukuthi), v. Sit or stand
gaping or silently gazing, as when listen-
ing with surprise to a person (some-
times with ace.) speaking. Cp. ukuti
keve.

i(li)-Kexe (Khexe), n. Practice of allowing
the frontal covering of a man, woman,
or girl (isi-Nene, isi-Dwaba, or isi-Ge-
ge) to hang low so as to show the hair
of the pubes (with enza). Cp. lashaza;
tebisa.

isi-Kexe (Khexe), u. Isi-Ftiba or central
party of a row of dancers, as at a wed-
ding; deep sunken eye (=u?n-Holo) =
isi-Koxe.

Kexisa (Khexisa), v. Set a person (ace.) a-
gaping or silently gazing. See ukuti ke-
xe.

Ex. kusasikexise imilomo, it still sets us
a-wondering, it is still a matter of astonish-
ment to us.

isi-Keyi (s.k.),n. Skey or strop-hanger of
a bullock's yoke [D. schee].

Keza (Kheza), v. = kiza.

i(li)-Kezekeze (Khezekheze), n. = i(li)-Bebe-
si.

i-nKezo (s.k.),n. = i-nDebe.

u(lu)-Kezo (Khezo), n. Spoon of any kind,
whether carved of wood, or formed of a
split gourd. Cp. i-mVokoqo; isi-Foboza
[Sw. mkamshe, wooden spoon].

Phr. imbuzi ijokezo, the goat belonging
t<> the spoon, i. e. a goat given to a recently
"ler father at the time of
to eat the amasi of her
which is about a month

married girl by
her commencing
husband's kraal,
after marriage.

ami! 'mnc/aue, apelite (amanxi) nas'olcc-
%weni, oh! friend, it (the water) is finished
up, even in the ladle — I am quite done
up for want of a drink or little food — as
might be said by a traveller humorously
begging for food.

i-nKibaniso (s.k.),n. — i-JiKintsho.
isi-Kibili (Khibili),n. Cripple, or deformed
person.

Kicileka (Khiciteka), v. Cry or sob with
a sniffing noise, as a person sobbing
silently. Cp. kala; isi-Lingozi; mulu-
leka.

isi-Kidi, sometimes KTdi (s.k.; loc. esi-Ki-
di), u. Pound (for cattle) [D. schut].

Kifa (Khifa), v. Squirt upon a thing (ace.)
in a sprinkling shower, with water from
the closed mouth, as Natives do upon
the clay when pounding an earthen floor;
spit at a person (ace), as a spitting-snake
= kwifa; cp. kafula; tsaka; cintsa.

Kl

305

Kl

ama-KYfikifi (Khifikhifi — no sing>, n.
Speckles, tiny intermingled spots, as on
the coat of some cattle, clothes, etc.—
used as an adj. to express 'speckled,
spotted'. Cp. ama-Gqabagqaba ; nma-
Vakavaka.

Kifiza (Khifiza), v. Spit i. e. rain in tiny,
almost imperceptible drops, such as cov-
er one's clothes with moisture (less
than kemeeela) (= fefezu; cp. kiza); be
speckled over with tiny spots, as a cloth
or cow (cp. ukuti gqabagqaba, ufcuti
vaka vaka; ama-Kifikifi).

isi-Kigi (s. k.), n. Native night-commode
— a common utensil in every family,
sometimes manufactured specially for
the purpose, but more freq. consisting
of an old u(lu)-Diwo = isi-Bekedu, isi-
Gcozi; cp. i-nTombazana; um-Fana.

Kihla (Khihla), v. — kihliza.

Phr. uku-ki/ila isililo, to raise a wail.

KYhla, ukuti (Khihla, ukuthi), v. = ukuti

gidhla.
Kihlabeza (Khihlabeza),v. = ukuti gidhla.

Kihlabezi, ukuti (Khihlabe&L, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti gidhlabezi.

Kifhli, ukuti (Khihli, ukuthi), v. = kihlika;
kihliza.

Kihlika (Khihlika), v. Froth over, as the
foam from fermenting beer or amasi,
or from the mouth of a horse (= ke-
puka, qilika); fall droopingly out and
down, as the filaments from out a grow-
ing mealie-cob; fall away in a 'spray-
like' manner, as the cloud of white-ash
from a fire-brand when knocked on the
ground, etc. = ukuti kihli.

Kihliza (Khihliza), v. Make the foam (ace.)
froth over or out, as fermenting beer,
or a horse (= kepuza, qiliza); make
fall droopingly over, as the mealie-plant
its filaments (ace. — kepuza ) ; let fall
tears, cry; make drop away in a 'spray',
as the white-ash (ace.) from a firebrand
by knocking it against anything —
ukuti kihli, kihla.

i(li)-Kiki (Khikhi), n. Pouch or bag made
of a cow's bladder, etc.; hence, pocket
( see i(li)-Kuku, isi-Kwama ) ; (N.) = i(li)-
Kikizela.

Kikiliga (s.k.),v. Crow, as a cock. See
kekela.

Ex. ukukala Icwcqude, liti, kikiligi (or
kukuluyii), the cock when crowing says,
cock-a-doodle-doo.

Kikiliza (Khikhiliza), v. Remove or clear
up anything (ace.) by a scraping move-
ment, as when drawing away loose
soil or rubbish with a hoe, gathering

together spilt water with the hands,
cleaning out a food-dish with the fingers,
or wiping the face with a bone-scraper
— ukuti kikilizi.

Kikiliza (s. k.), v. Make insinuating remarks
in reference to a person (ace.) present,
suggest or hint at him e. g. as the culprit,
thief, etc. = gudhla.

Kikilizi, ukuti (Khikhilizi, ukuthi), v. =
kikiliza (khikhiliza).

Kikilizela (s.k.),v. Strut about joyfully
crying ki ki ki, as women do upon the
arrival of a wedding-party in a kraal =
lilizela.

i(li)-Kikizela (Khikhizela), n. Any plant, as
mealie, dumbi, etc., when growing
wild, i. e. from a dropped seed of last
season's crop, or from an old root. Cp.
isi-Hlabane.

P. lihluma esiqwini ikikixela, the wild-
rnealie grows from an old root — may he
said of a young scoundrel who takes after
a bad father; or of a family which, although
apparently cleared off by a chief or utntaka-
ti, will spring up again somewhere.

Kila (s. k.), v. = kilela, hila.

i(li)-Kilane (Khilane), n. — i(li)-Kizane.
Phr. aSinqesinuinakilane, Mr. Tick-cover-
ed-buttock — a term of vulgar abuse indi-
cating a 'dirty, lousy liar'. See n-Hubu.

Kilela (s. k.), v. Make a slip-knot or noose,
as in a piece of string (ace); catch by
a slip-knot or noose, or lasso, as a bird
(ace); catch by a hooked instrument,
as the branch of a tree by a crutch-
ed stick; catch a person (ace.) or
take him up sharply and cunningly on
some word he has inadvertently let
fall; eat gluttonously 'till blue in the
face', as a child (cp. hubeza) — hila.

i-nKilela (s.k.),n. Slip-knot, noose, for
catching birds or hanging things up;
hook or crutched thing ; crafty, treacher-
ous person, given to 'catching' others
by talk, etc.; gluttonous eater, as above
(= i-nGilela, i-nKolosha).

KTli, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = kilela.

i-nKilikiqi (s.k.),n. = i-Nkinga.

Kfmilili, ukuti (Khimilili, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti qimilili.

um-Kindi (s.k.),n.o. Girdle made of a
fibre-band having a fringe of ub-Endhle
below, and worn by girls previous to
the advent of beads (sometimes used
in plur.) = i-nGcubula; cp. um-Nenezo ;
um-Qondo; i(li)-Qopo.

i-n Kings (s. k.), n. — see i-Nkinga.

Kini (s.k.). Your people's place (i.e. of

20

Kl

306

Kl

your family or clan); your home or
kraal; your country or tribe; prep.
pron. to you (= kinina).

Ex. kupi kitii? kukini kona, where is your
home, <>r your clan? it is your home, or
clan, there.

Kininga (s.k.), v. = yina.

Kininindela (KJiininindela), v. Go with a
peculiar gait in which one doesn't seem
to get the body forward, go as it were
slipping back, as some heavy short-step-
ped men when walking, or one going
through the sand = ukuti kininindi.

Kininindi, ukuti (Khininindi, ukuthi),v.=
kininindela.

i-nKinobo or Kinombo (Kinobho or Kino-
inbho), n. Button [D. knoop].

i(li)-Kinqi (Khinqi), n. Glans penis of the
dog. Cp. um-Nqundu.

Kmtla, ukuti (Khhitla, nkuthi), v. Load a
person (ace.) heavily, as when giving
him much to carry, or (metaphor.) when
loading him with a valued or abundant
uift.

Kintsa or Kintsela (Khintsa), v. Make the
gulping sound and movement when
swallowing any considerable or dry
lump; hence, swallow or gulp down (ace.)
= gwica.

i-nKintshaniselo (s. k.; s. t.J, n. = i-nKintsho.

i-nKintsho (s.k.; s.t.),n. Loop of string,
fixed on to the neck of a calabash, or
on to the outside of a basket, by which
it may be suspended; hence, handle, of
a cup, tea-pot, basket, etc. = i-nKintsha-
niselo, i-nKibaniso, i-nGibaniso.

isi-K'i'nyakinya (Khtnyakhinya), n. = isi-
Nkinyankinya.

um-Kinza (Khinza), n. 5. Certain thorny
bush.

Kipa (Khipha),v. Make to come out, in
any of its meanings; hence, take out, as
a thing (ace.) from a box; take out of,
deliver from, as a person (ace.) from
danger or difficulty; take out (from
one's purse), lay out, expend, as money
on any particular object (with nga);
put out, bring out, as a person from
within a hut, or the tongue for inspec-
tion; exclude a person from partaking
thereof, i.e. disagree with him, as cer-
tain foods which his stomach will not
bear; turn out, expel, as a person from
company or a school; let out, pass, as
-tools, or internal ill-feeling; send out,
an army or messenger; extract or
'draw' a person his tooth, or eye, or
the <-ssfn<-e from a plant, or the cork
from ,-i bottle (doub. ace.); put forth, as

a man his full strength [Lat. capio, I
takej.

Phr. uku-kipa itwasa, to send out a young
um-Ngoma fully fledged, as does the witch-
professor those initiating under her.

uku-kipa umkonto, to pay the fee, at a
consultation with a witch-doctor, or indeed
generally.

uku-kipa isisu, to abort, or miscarry =
ukupupuma.

uku-m-kipa iqude (itmuntu), to exclude
him (any person) from one's society, cut
him off from one's intercourse (like the soli-
tary cock chased off by the others).

um-Kipampetu (Khiphampethu), n. 5. Cer-
tain tree, whose leaves are used for
maggoty sores.

Kipilita (s.k.; s.p.; s. t.), v. = ukuti kipi-
liti.

Kipiliti, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.p.; s.t.),v.
Cut out by a circular motion, scoop out,
as the eye (ace.) from a potato = ukuti
kopolota, ukuti kajyuluzi.

Kiqiza (Khiqiza), v. Make or do anything
(ace.) in great quantity or abundance,
as when completing a great heap of
mats or baskets, a great stretch of
ploughing, when passing blood with ex-
cessive profusion at the menses, or
when going beyond the point with abun-
dant offensive talk. Cp. kitiza; qukuza.

Kisaza (Khisaza), v. Wave about with
trappings, as a young-man heavily cov-
ered with hanging finery; wave about,
as the trappings themselves ; do the
'heavy swell'.

KVsi, ukuti (Khisi, ukuthi), v. Descend or
go down just slightly on the other side
or out of sight, as into an undulation
in the veldt, or down a step.

isi-Kisi (Khisi), n. A slight sinking in, undu-
lation, or descending place in the veldt,
into which one just goes out of sight
before re-appearing again on the other
side. See ukuti kisi.

KTsi, kYsi, ukuti (Khisi khisi, ukuthi), v.
Move stealthily about with a soft rust-
ling or 'hissing' noise in the dark, as
an enemy among a sleeping army which
it has surprised — see below.

Kisila (Khisila), v. Hiss, as a snake —
kiza; also = ukuti kisi kisi.

N.B. Children are accustomed to go
among the reeds of a river in the evening
time when the birds are in their nests, hiss-
ing softly as they go, in order to >-ouse out
the birds, which, however, do not fly far —
being no doubt unaccustomed to night-tra-
velling — and are easily caught by other
children waiting in readiness.

Kl 307

u-Kisimbane (Kkisimbhane), v. = i-nTsho-

nakweneni.
u - K i s i m u s i (Khisinumi), n. Christinas ;

public festival, picnic, etc. [Eng.J.

KTtakita (a. k.; s. t.), v. = kitaza.

Kitaza (s.k.;s.t.),v. Tickle, as one person

another (ace.) = kitakita, yidaza (Hor.

tikatikisa; Sw. tekenya].

Kitela (s. k.; s. L), v. Tela (q. v.) excessively,
as when putting an excess of water (ace),
meal, or salt into the porridge (ace), or
when scattering the seed too thickly in
a field, or when cramming into a hut
more people than it can hold.

isi-Kitela (s.k.;s.t.), v. Thing over-done or
excessively treated, as the porridge, field,
or hut above.
Kiti (Kithi), My or our people's place
(whether kraal or clan); my or our
home or kraal; my or our country or
clan — no changes are made in the word
in the locative or prepositional forms;
prep. pron. to us (= ki-tina).

Ex. ngiya kiti, I am going home, or to
our kraal, or to our country.

abakiti, my or our countrymen, those of
my tribe; applied also to one's departed an-
cestors {i.e. the ama-dhloxi of one's family).

KYti, ukuti (Kfnthi, ukuth i),v. = kitika; kitiza.

Kitika (Khithika), v. Drop down, fall down
(gen. of things falling from above of
themselves), as leaves from a tree, scraps
from thatch, small pieces from a plaster
wall, snow, tears, or the head of a doz-
ing person [Sw. pvkutika, fall as leaves].
Ex. us'ekitika, he is already dropping (as
to his head) i.e. is already falling off to
sleep, as a child during a sermon.

likitikile oXdini, it has snowed on the
Drakensberg. See lepuxa.

ubu-KTtikiti (Khithikhithi), n. General fall-
ing or dropping down, as of cattle from
disease, or soldiers in battle.

Kitiza (Khithiza), v. Cause to fall or drop,
as above — see kitika; hence, do abun-
dantly, in large quantity or numbers, as
when weaving a great pile of mats or
baskets (ace), cooking large quantities
of food, chopping a great heap of wood,
or giving away prodigally (cp. kiqiza).

Kitiza (s. k.; s. k.), v. — kwitiza.

i(li)-Kiwane (Khiwane), n. Wild-fig — see
below. Cp. i(li)-Ncongo; um-Poba.

P. ikiwane elihle ligcimla ixibungu for iki-
tcane elibomni UboV indent — U.N.,), the fine
fig is full of maggots (or the red fig is rot-
ten inside) — applied to anything of an
attractive appearance but really good for no-
thing, a whited sepulchre.

KO

u m - Ki wane (Khiwane), n. 5. Wild-fig tree (Fi-
cussp.). Cp. um-Tombe; um-Ncongo; uw-
Gontswane ; um-Denda ; isi-Kukuboya.

K'ixi, ukuti (Ktiixi, ukuthi), v. = kixika;
kixiza. Cp. ukuti bihli.

Kixika (Khixika), v. Fall off or down in
soft lumps, as pieces of wet plaster fall-
ing from a wall, lumps of thick porridge
falling from a spoon, a mass of soil
falling from an udonga, ulcerated flesh
or matted hair falling from a sick per-
son, etc. Cp. bihlika.

Kixiza (Khixiza), v. Make so fall off or

down, as above. Cp. bihliza.
KVyakiya (Khiyakhiya),v. = nciyanciya.
i-nKVyankiya (s.k.),n. - see i-Nkiyankiya.

Kiza (Khiza),v. Rain in a light, soft manner,
as a gentle, set-in land rain or evening
shower ( more than kemezela ; cp. kifi-
za); send off spray, as a waterfall or
the sea; chip at or off with an axe, as
when chipping the bark (ace) off the
trunk of a tree (ace) or bits off the
sides of a wooden post to pare it even ;
eat plain amasi (ace) unmixed with urn-
Caba ; have long fringy nap, as a woman's
new kilt, seeming to give off spray as
she walks; hiss, as a snake (= kisila)
== keza.

i(li)-Kizane (Khizane),n. Brownish tick
with white markings, growing larger
than the um-Kaza and injurious to the
udders of cattle; also a brownish bag-
tick, resembling the i(li)-Qashi = i(li)-
Kalane, i(li)-Kilane; cp. i-nKizane.

i-nKizana or Kizane (s. k. — no plur.>, it.
Tiny tick or ticks, which often cover
one when walking through long grass ;
a lot of little, small-bodied persons, as
soldiers (used contemptuously) = i-
nKazane; cp. um-Kaza, i(li)- Kizane.

um-Kizo (Khizo),n.5. Soft, light rain,
as a gentle shower; spray, as from a
waterfall. See kiza.

Ko (Kho), prep. Contr. of kona, for which
it is gen. used when combined with other
particles (cp. koyo); also used as ver-
bal suffix (= yo).

Ex. ukuba-ko k/cetu etnhlabeni, our pre-
sence, existence, being here, on the earth.

angiko mina kuloko, I am not there with
that; I shall have nothing to do with that.
Phr. uBani kako, ngingeko, So-and-so is
not there, even where I am not; he is a bad
lot; I thought I was bad euough, but he is
altogether gone to the dogs. See u(lu)-Se»do.

Koba (Khoba), v. Curve the back, as a
cow when being covered (cp.goba, qota);
make the contents of a vessel of any
liquid (ace) be not quite full, that is,

20*

KO

308

KO

so as to leave an isi-Kope at the top, as
when somebody takes a drink from
a full vessel or pours out so as not to
fill it completely (= kopa).

Ex. utshwala bami babukobile, nyingeko,
they have taken the top off my beer while
I have been absent i. e. have had a drink
at it.

i(li)-Koba (Khoba), n. The husk or glume
in which the amabele-grain sits when
in the ear; used occasionally in plur.
for 'worthless people, mere chaff.' Cp.
umurNgu [Sw. kapi, chaff; kumvi, ma-
kumbi, husk; Ga. chi-kuta, husk; Bo.
//ta-koa].

isi-Koba (Khoba), n. Ear of Kafir-corn
that has been pecked by the birds, so
as to be now mainly husks; also (C.N.)
forest of yellow-wood trees.

um-Koba (Khoba), n. 5. Outeniqua or Bas-
tard yellow-wood (Podocarpus elonga-
ta). Cp. um-Sonti.

u(lu)-Koba (Khoba — no plur.;, n. Frag-
ments of amabelc grains scattered about
the ground in a field after the birds
have been eating plentifully.

isi-Kobe (Khobe),n. Diarrhoea or cholera
of infants (=isi-Takati, i-mPisi); certain
veldt-herb, used for treating the same;
also = isi-Kope.

u(lu)-Kobe (Khobe),n. Grain of boiled-
mealies, or sometimes Kafir-corn ( mostly
used in the plur. izi-nKobe) — grain
cooked in this way forming the staple
food of the Zulus ; also — isi-Kope [Bo.
ma-gobe, white beans ; Ga. mpeke, grains
of corn].

F.x. ukamba selu 1'itkobe, the beer-pot is
now incompletely {i.e. only about seven-
eighths) full.

Phr. imgadhli 'nkobe xa'muntu, don't get
citing boiled-raealies from anyone (the food
for which a traveller would generally beg)
= don't loiter anywhere (C.N.).

ubu-Kobezane (Khobezane), n. — ubu-
Kwebezana.

i-nKobo (s.k.),n. Mode of life or living,
as of the Whiteman; manner of dress,
speech, etc., peculiar to any family or
country. Cp. i-nKambo.

i(li)-Koboka (Khoboka), n. Dutch-Kafir half-
-te, Dutch slave [C.N. fr. Xo. fr. D.
ingeooekte, registered man].

Kobola (Khobola), v. Deal anything, as
a man ( ace.) or animal, a heavy blow on
the bark oi the neck so as to break it
and cause death — as was frequently
'lone at executions; play stone-tossing,
children, after a certain manner in
whir), ;, -tunc is tossed up in the air

and caught in the hand already contain-
ing another stone snatched up in the
meantime (cp. u-Ndelitshe).
i(li)-Kobolo (Khobolo),n. = i(li)-Dokodo.
um-Kobolo (Khobolo), n. 5. Game of stone-
tossing, as above (with enza).

Kobonga (Khobonga), v. Make bend for-
ward over, or overhang ; make to stoop,
as hunger might a person (ace.) from
weakness of stomach, or as an ox when
it grows its horns horizontally forward,
falling, as it were, over the face; also
(= gqalakasha; also C.N.) = ceba.

i(li)-Kobongo (Khobongo), n. Person with
the top part of the face ' falling forward '
(= isi-Kopoco) ; man with the isi-coco
'falling forward' over the face (cj).i(li)-
Gomonco, ama-Kokoma); ox with the
horns falling horizontally forward so
as to overhang the face.

Kobosa (Khobosa), v. Draw in the breath
dryly, as when smoking the hemp-horn
(ace.) without water, or as a person
talking or laughing when quite exhausted
and short of breath (cp. kocoza); also
= kubula.

Koboya (Khoboya), v. Stamp mealies ( N ).

um-Koboya (Khoboya), n. 5. Stamped
mealies (N).

Koca (Khoca), v. = ukuti koce.

Koce, ukuti (Khbce, ukuthi), v. Clear off
dry, so as to leave nothing, as when
'draining off a pot of beer (ace), or
when finishing off what has been left of
hemp in the horn (== ukuti kocolozi,
ukuti minyi); dry clean up, as the sun
might the water (ace.) in a pool, or
mealies growing in a field, or long sing-
ing one's voice = koca; get so cleared
off dry, or dried up clean = koceka.

isi-Koce (Khoce), n. Remains still left to
be cleared off, as of hemp at the bottom
of a pipe, or of beer left over from a
beer-drink = isi-Kwece.

Koceka (Khoceka), v. = ukuti koce.

Koco, ukuti (Khbco, ukuthi), v. = kocoza.

isi-Koco or Kocokoco (Khoco), n. Hot, dry
locality, as some valleys in the bush-
country.

Kocoloza (Khocoloza), v. = ukuti kocolozi.

Kocolozi, ukuti (Khocolozi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti koce.

Kocoza (Khocoza), v. Be baking hot ; bake
or dry up a person (ace), as the sun
might a traveller ; dry up as to one's voice,
as a person (nom.) after long singing,
coughing, etc. (cp. kobosa; koceka); go
along in a stiff, hopping fashion, as a
lean, 'dried-up' dog or horse.

KO 309

Koculuza (Khoculusa), v. (C.N.) = kuqu-
luza.

Kodwa (s. k.), adv. and conj. and adj. But
(in certain senses only, the word not
being always used quite synonymously
with the Eng.); only; however, at all
events; used also to express 'different,
at least, just a little', etc. Cp. kepa;
kanti; edwa.

Ex. kwahmyenani uma bekushilo yena
kodwa, it had not mattered ho much, if only
he himself had said so.

kodwa, ngiyatemba ukuti koxa kulunge,
still, I hope it will come all right.

ayi-ke! loko kukodwa, yes; but that is
another thing, a different matter.

nyiyakwaxi kodwa; twko anyikwaxi kakidu,
I kuow it just a little; not very much.

nyimtshelile, kodwa kammanga, I told him,
but he did not consent.

N.B. In such sentences as that in the
Lord's Prayer — ' lead us not into temptation,
but deliver us from evil ' — the word ' but '
could not be properly translated by kodwa.
In such instances, no connecting particle
would seem to be required in Zulu.
Kodwana (s. k.), adv. dim. of above.
Kogo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; sometimes Kho-
go), v. Reach a hoar old age, attain to
the fullness of years, live long.

Ex. uHlaba wahlala ivaze watikogo, Hlaba
lived to the fullness of old age — till he
went home ( = goduka) i. e. died of senile
decay.

u-Kogo (s.k.),n. = u-Kokologo.

Kohla (Khohla), v. Escape or slip the
memory of a person (ace), as any par-
ticular matter; puzzle a person (ace),
put him at a loss as to what to say or
do, as a puzzling affair; passive, Kohlwa,
be slipped for in the memory, as a per-
son (nom.) by any matter or thing
(either ace. or as agent following verb),
i.e. forget it; be slipped from the mem-
ory, i. e. be forgotten, as any particular
matter or thing (nom.); be puzzled, at
a loss as to what to do or say, in regard
to any particular matter ( agent after
verb). Cp. yibaza; amuleka.

Ex. yangikohla incwadi yako, your book
got out of my mind, i e. I forgot it.

nyayikohhea incwadi yako for nyakohlwa
incwadi yako), I was escaped for in the
memory by your book, i. e. I forgot it.

yakohlwa incwadi yako, your book was
slipped from the memory, i. e. was forgotten.

ingikohlile fryo'ndaba, that affair has
puzzled me.

ngikohliwe nje yileyo'ndaba, I am just
quite at a loss as to what to say or do in
regard to that affair.

KO

sengikohliwe igamu lake, I have already
forgotten his name = selinyikohlile igamu
lake.

P. aku'nyoka yakohlwa umgodi wayo, there
is no snake that ever forgot its hole = no
man can forget his own home.

i-nKohla (s.k.),n. = i-nKohlakalo.

Kohlakala (Khohlakala), v. Get forgotten,

or slipped from the memory, as anything

or affair.

i-nKohlakalo (s.k.)n. Puzzling affair, that
puts one at a loss as to what to say or
do; stupid person that one can't make
anything out of.

Kohlanisa (Khohlanisa), v. = kohlisa.

Kohlela (Khohlela), v. Cough, as a person

with a cold = kwehlela [Sw. kohoa; Ga.

Bo. kolola; Her. korora].

isi-Kohlela (Khohlela with plur.J, n.
Mucus coughed up from the chest (not
spittle = ama-Te), expectoration = isi-
Kwehlela.

isi-Kohlelasomkomo (Khohlelasomkhomo),
n. Particles of jelly-like substance found
thrown up by the sea; sometimes jelly-
fish {lit. the expectoration of a whale).
N.B. A person when walking along the shore
should not tread on the above, lest he sink
down into the sand and be seen no more !

Kohlisa (Khohlisa),v. Deceive a person
(ace), in any sense; hence, mislead; de-
lude; cheat; beguile; take in [prob. akin
to kohla].

P. (amabuto) akoldisana ehlomile, they
(warriors) deceive one another when out in
arms = two rascals (out on the same job)
have taken one another in.

i-nKohlisa (s.k.),n. Stye on the eye ( =
um-Ncishanja); (C.N.) large musical
calabash (see i-nKoka).

i(li)-Kohlo (Khohlo — loc. e-Kohlo), n. Left
side, of a person, etc., from shoulder to
foot (cp. u(lu)-Hlangoti); the wife second
in dignity in a properly constituted Zu-
lu kraal, and who, together with such
other wives as may have been attached
to her by the kraal-owner, resides on
the left-hand side of a kraal looking up
from the entrance (see i-nDhlunkulu);
her eldest son; that portion of the kraal
in which she resides = i(li)- Kohlwa [Ga.
koni, left; Her. moho].

Ex. ngas'ckohlo, on the left side. See ubu-
Nxele; posa.

uMubi uPikohlo Uka'JUkungo, Mubi is the
ikohlo of Mkungo i. e. the eldest-son or heir
to his i-kohlo wife.

uBani uldcxi nyakwesikidu ( isibaya) kimi,
kwami, or nami, So-and-so sits on my left
= ngas'ckohlo.

KO
uBnvi i/hlfxi ngaa'ohkmgotini heami, kira-
mi. or nami, So-and so sits on my right —
ngakwesokupotisa.

i-nKohio (s.k.),n. = u/n-Fece.

u(lu)-Kohlo (Khohlo), n. Any crisply dried,
parched through, shrivelled up thing, as
dried leaves, mealies roasted dry, a
snake's skin, or an emaciated shrivelled-
up person = u(lu)-Fohlo.

i-nKohlomba, Kohlombana, or Kohlombela
(Kohlombha), n. Crisply dried-up, shri-
velled-up thing (mostly used of living
things), as an old woman or a very lean
beast. Cp. u(lu)-Kohlo; um-Wohlo.

um or u(lu)-Kohlomba, or Kohlombana
(KhoMombha), n. 5. = i-nKohlomba.

ubu-Kohlombe (Khohlombhe), n. Quiver,
for tarrying assegais on the back when
on horse CC.'N. fr. Xo. i(li)-Kohlombe,
or Su. Khotlopo).

Kohlwa (Khohlwa), v. — see kohla.

i(li)-Kohlwa (Khohlwa), n. = i(li)-Kohlo.

isi- Kohlwa (Khohlwa), n. Forgetful person,

habitually forgetting.
Koka (s.k.),v. — kaka (s.k.).

Koka (Khokha), v. Make come or go out
in a long-drawn fashion; hence, draw
out, as a sword (ace.) from its sheath,
or a stick from a bundle; draw out from
one's supplies, purse, etc., i. e. pay, give,
as money (ace.) or a beast in return for
something else ; bring out or produce, i. e.
make good, repay, replace, as another
man's damaged or lost property (ace.)
by some other thing (with nga); pro-
ject, make jut out, put out, as a person
his tongue (ace.) or a bull the penis;
] i intrude, as a child the lips (um-lomo)
when cross; draw out, as a book from
among others on a shelf; throw or shoot
out, make project any bodily feature
when noticeably long (used in perf. ), as
a man his long nails (ace), a cock its
long tail-feathers, an ox its long horns
(= tapa), or a goat its long beard or
hair. Cp. hosha; urn- Koka.
Ex. sengiyikokile imbuzi yoke ngenye (or
jimkokele imbuxd yake ngenye), I have
already paid i him ) back, or replaced, his
goat i which I killed i by another.

i-nKoka (s.k.),n. Pith or inside wood of
the aloe-plant, used as tinder (cp. mm-
Ongo ) ; large-sized stringed musical
instrument formed of a bow with cala-
bash attached, similar to the u(lu)-Gu-
bii, but having the string tied clown to
the how at the middle ( = u(lu)-Qwabe).

um-Koka (Khokha, sometimes Khoka), n.5.
A train of ugly, unpleasant conse-
que • vhich a person brings along

310 KO

with him e.g. from the committal of
some crime, or hot-bed of contagious dis-
ease, or a wild-beast he has attracted to
follow him on his path (== um-Hosha-
hosha); certain climbing-plant, whose
leaves are used for an um-Kuhlane, and
by an um-Ngoma for bringing along
cases (uku-leta izindhlela), and whose
small red seeds are carried 'for luck' in
one's purse [Her. omu-koka, trail; Sw.
mkokoto].

Ex. angati ukuhamba, ab'es'esikokeht imi-
Tcoka njalo, whenever he goes away, he always
drags back for us unpleasant consequences
(coming in his train).

sekwaba umkoka wakona, it ( may-be charges
of theft) has now become the constant evil
train of that place (or family) i.e. wherever
they go, it seems to follow them, always to
be dragged along with them.

Kokekela (Khokhekela), v. Get drawn or
attracted to any place ( loc. or ku ), i. e.
go there habitually or frequently.

Ex. abafana sebekokekele kwa' Hlanti, bako-
kekela ngentombi yake, the boys are habitually
visiting Hlanti's kraal, they get drawn there
by reason of his daughter.

u-Koko (Khokho), n. Great grandfather or
great grandmother, on both sides. Cp.
the following; u-Kokologo.

u-Koko (s.k.),n. Grandparent, of either
sex and on both sides = u-Kulu. Cp.
above; u-Kokologo [Kwafi. koko, old
woman; Reg. nguku, grandfather; cp.
u-Nyoko).

isi- Koko (Khokho), n. Remainder of any
food (liquid or solid) left in a pot after
what is required has been served out;
irritating itching or tingling in the throat
when slightly inflamed and causing one
to cough or pass tears; slight tingling
or itching pain sometimes felt internally
at the seat of an old wound or abscess.
Ex. ivnxhingishiyele isikoko belli, you will
of course leave a little for me in the pot
(against my return).

u(lu)-Koko (Khokho), n. Hard dry en-
crustation about the outside of anything,
as a mass of scab covering sores, the
skin-like surface forming on cold
porridge, or burnt as a crust at the
bottom of the pot, etc.; plur. izi-nKoko
(Kokho), or (C.N.) ama- Koko (Khokho),
dried stuff encrusted about or over any-
thing, as dry porridge about the mouth
of a child, scurfiness about the face,
dried matter round about a sore, or
dried slime about the clothes (= ama-
Kotokoto) ; small veldt-plant having large
white flower and bulbous root, used as
(•luetic and enema ( == U-Matunga ) [Sw.

KO 31

ukoko, surface coating; Her. oku-kaka,
to become encrusted].

Kokoba (Khokhoba), v. Go in a stooping,
bent manner, as an old man, or a thief
slinking along [Her. koto, stoop; Sen.
gogoma, kneel].

u- Kokobana (Khokhobana), n. Immensely
large hut, which appears quite dark in-
side when one first enters.

u(lu)-Kokobana (Khokhobana), n. Bent, old

person.
u(lu)-Kokobane (Khokhobane), n. Nail, claw

(C.N.).
Kokobeza (Khokhobeza), v. — kokobisa.

Ko ko ko, ukuti (Kho khb kho, vkuthi), v.
= kokoza.

u-Kokologo (s.k.),n. Great great grand-
parent, on both sides; all such relatives
beyond; hence, ancestor = u(lu)-Kulu-
kulwane; cp. u-Koko; u-Khokho.

Kokoma (s. k.), v. Have a stoop or bend-
ing over forwaixls, as a man in the back,
or the forehead of a person when falling-
forward over deep-sunken eyes ( used in
perf. ). See ama- Kokoma.

Ex. amabuto akokomisilr nyembcmgayiya,
the warriors have caused (themselves) to
stoop over by their head-plumes, i. e. have
so placed these latter on the head that they
fall drooping over the forehead, not backwards.

ama- Kokoma (s.k.; no sing.), n. A bend-
ing or stooping over towards the front,
as e. g. in the round shoulders of a man
with a stoop from consumption, etc., or
in the forehead of a man when project-
ing over deep-set eyes.

Ex. uMeyiswa ung'amakokoma nyamahlo-
mbe (or ngamehlo), Meyiswa has a bending
over at the shoulders i. e. a stoop in the
back (or about the eyes).

u(lu)-Kokomba or Kokombe (Khokho-
mbha), n. Thin, scraggy, bent-up per-
son or animal.

i(li)-Kokosi (s. k.), n. Outside hut for cook-
ing in. Cp. i(li)-Xiba [Eng. cook-house],

u(lu)-Kokoti (Khokhothi), n. Non-poisonous,
spitting snake, of a brown colour with
white specks about the neck, and whose
'spittle' is injurious to the eyes (cp. i-
mFezi); one of a certain regiment formed
by Dingane next after the i(li)-Hlaba
(— i(li)-Wo?nbe); also = u(lu)-Kohlo;
also = u-Matunga.

Kokoza (s.k.),o. Rumble (without any
pain), as the stomach of a person when
empty = rrorrozela; cp. xuxuzela.

Kokozela (Khokhozela), v. Go in a bent,
stooping manner, as one sneaking along.

i(li)-Kokwane (Khokhwane), n. Certain veldt-

1 KO

herb (Alepidea sp.) with a strong smell
and eaten as imifino.

Kola (Khola), v. Satisfy, content, as one
person another (ace.) by food or a pre-
sent (with nga), or as a servant his
master, or a girl her young-man; give
it to one (ace), pay hi in out, let him
have it — so that he won't want any
more = kolisa [Her. kooa, be content;
Bo. kola, intoxicate].

Ex. uNomona uyangikola, Nomona is
good enough for me, gives me every satis-
faction.

uNomona unyikolile, Nomona has given
me enough i. e. has served me properly, put
me in a nice fix, given me trouble to the full.

Kolana (Kholana), v. Satisfy ( the heart
of) one another i. e. be intimately friendly,
cordially united with one another (with
na).

Ex. siyakolana naye, we are close friends
together.

i(li)-Kolane ( Kho lane), n. Familiar, confi-
dential friend (N.).

isi-Kole, or Koli, or Kolo (s.k.),n. School;
mission [Eng.].

Koleka (Kholeka), v. Get satisfied, be
contented with, have had enough of
(followed by agent— used in perf.); get
satisfied with (by the other party) i.e.
give satisfaction, be all one could wish
for, as a particular girl to her lover
(with Am); be trustworthy, reliable, faith-
ful to one, as a servant to his master
(with ku) when he can leave him alone
and be sure of the work being done,
or rely upon his spoken word or charge
him with a matter of confidence with-
out fear; have had enough of a bad
thing (followed by agent), have got in
for it, been served out properly, be in
a fine fix, bother or mess, with any
troublesome or puzzling work or person.
See koliseka.

Ex. scngikolekile yileyo'ndaba, I have now-
had enough of, am sick of that affair.

uyakoleka kimi, he gives me every satis-
faction; is trustable to me.

umuniu okolrkayo, a trustworthy, reliable,
faithful person or servant.

uku-zi-kolekisa ku'Bani, to make oneselt
give satisfaction to So-and-so, to please him.

Kolela (Kholela),v. Satisfy for (mostly
used in passive, as below).

Ex. senixikolelwe naY have you now been
satisfied for yourselves, i.e. have you now
satisfied yourselves? — as might be asked of
those who had desired more, or doubted.

Kolisa (Kholisa),v. = kola; also (C.N.)
used in Natal to express 'frequently,

KO

312

KO

commonly, usually' (followed by infini-
tive) = rama.

Ex. ngikolisiwe yito, I am satisfied (in
my mind) by it (the word)= ngikoliwe yilo.

Koliseka (Kholiseka), v. Get satisfied, get
made contented, as one who has received
as much as he desired (used in pert);
(more Ereq.) get into a trouble, fix or
mess, about anything, as with one's
work or accounts ; have had enough
( ironically ) of a thing, have been served
out fine, have been paid a fine trick
(used in perf. and followed by agent).

Ex. ngikolisekile inqola yomlungu, I am in
a mess with the whiteman's wagon (which
has tumbled over).

wo! ngakoliseka, 'Mpande! oh! I am in
for it; I have been done for fine, by Mpande,
I have.

u-Kolo (s. k.), n. Wheat — u-Kolweni [Eng].

u-Kolo (Kholo),n. African Sparrow-hawk
(= it-Xtloyile); beast resembling the
same in colour, hence, with some, of a
greyish blue or slate colour (from the
plumage of the back); with others, light
whitish yellow (from the colour of the
underparts ).

i-nKolo (s.k.),n. Hollow place in a tree
or stone ( C.N.).

u-Kolokobo (Kholokobho), n. — u-Keleke-
lekobo.

isi- Kolokoto (Kholokotho), n. Ear-wax ( =
isirGongono); certain plant (Sanseviera
Guineenste), growing in woods and
whose thick motled juicy leaves are
used for ear-ache and scrofulous run-
ning at the ears and whose white fibrous
bulb is used for making the isi-Qova
and isi-Punga; an ugly-looking person ;
also (N.) = isi-Kelekete.

i-nKolombela (Kolombhela), n. Very deep
sunken eye (= isi-Gobe); deep hole or
place in a pool with the bottom seen
far off = i-nKolongo.

Kolonga (Kholonga), v. Shout loudly, as
at a person in the

■ lding.

i-nKolongo (s.k.),n. =
(lobe.

i-nKolongwane (s. k.), n.
lope Kaama ).

i-nKolosha (s. k.J, n. Gluttonous or exces-
sive partaker of food, hemp-smoking or
snuff, never having enough = i-nKilela.

i(li)-Kolosi (s.k.),n. Small side-station or
■called Biding [Eng. crossing].

u-Kolukobo (Kholukobho), n. (C.N.) = u-
Kelekelekobo.

distance or when
i-n Ko lombela, isi-
Hartebeest (Anti-

Kolwa (Kholwa — pass, form of kola), v.
Be satisfied, contented (with ace, or fol-
lowed by agent), have had enough of
anything, as of food, gratification, evi-
dence, trouble, etc.; be satisfied with a
person's word, or with the person him-
self; hence, believe, credit, trust, have
confidence in, etc. Cp. konona [Her.
koda, be content; Bo. kolwa, be intox-
icated].

Ex. ngikoliwe mina yilelo'xwi lake, I am
satisfied (in my mind) i.e. I am convinced,
by that word of his — not exactly ' I believe
it' or 'I believe in it', for which there is
no word exactly synonymous in Zulu, al-
though wherever the Eng. word ' believe '
would seem to infer hope, trust or confi-
dence in, the Zulu word temba would be
adequate.

ngikoliwe ku' Nkulunkulu, — a term in com-
mon use among missionaries and supposed
to mean ;I believe in God' (whereas really
seeming to say, if anything, that 'I am, in
God's estimation, convinced or satisfied', or
possibly 'I am a satisfactory person to God')
is a manner of speech quite foreign to the
Zulu idiom. Still, the Native could be told
what it is intended to mean and grasp the
explanation; and this appears to be what
has been done; for although bad Zulu, most
Natives, when instructed, now understand
the phrase. Even so, the word koliwe will
ever mean in his mind nothing more than
a passive state of satisfaction or conviction
in regard to God, devoid of all active sen-
timent of yearning hope or confidence re-
posed in Him.

angilikolwa kahle lelo'xwi, I am not well
satisfied (in my mind) with that word =
I am not quite convinced by it, it leaves
something still wanting; I do not quite trust
it, or believe it, or believe in it.

umnntti uyakolwa nangomusa, a person is
satisfied even with his merely kind manner
(without any gift) — freq. said of a kind-
natured, gentle man.

i(li)- Kolwa (Kholwa), n. Believer; hence,
Christian (M).

um-Kolwane (Kholwane), n. 5. Red-billed
Hornbill {Lophoceros melanoleucus).

i(ll)-Kolwase (Kholwase), n. Flamingo
{Phwnicopterus roseus), found about
St. Lucia Bay.

i-nKolwa-umniniyo (s. k.), n. Anything that
is an endless worry to its owner — freq.
used of an incorrigible child.

u-Kolwe (Kholwe), n. = u-Kolo.
u-Kolweni (s.k.),n. Wheat [D. koring).
isi or um-K6makoma (Khbmakhoma), n. 5.
Tree-fern (Cythea Jsregei)— isi-Komane>

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313

KO

i-nKomana (s. k.), n. Variety of the female
breast in which it hangs in a lump from
a narrow neck. Cp. u(lu)-Belendhlovu;
isi-Pofu; um-Nqadula.

isi-Komane (Khomane), n. = isi-Koma-
koma.

i-nK6mankoma (s. k.), n. Species of fern
(Nephrodium athamanticum), the chief
Native remedy for tape-worm = i(li)-
Shabele.

i-nKomazi (s. k.), n. Cow (lit. female i-
nKomo); used also to designate the 'fe-
male' of an animal of the higher classes,
as horse, hippopotamus, etc.

Ex. inkomaxi yehashi or ihashi lenkomaxi,
a mare.

w(\u)-Kon\azU( Khomazi), n. Female cattle
(collect.), all the cows, of a place.

Komba (Khombha), v. Point, as with a
stick, finger, or gun; point at, as when
pointing a finger or gun (with nga) at
a person (ace. — see kombisa ) ; point
out, as a site (ace.) for building or a
place on the map ; make movements with
the stick and arm when dancing (see
i-nKombi) [Her. hongaiza, point at;
Sw. chongoa, make pointed].

Ex. wangikomba ngesibamii, he pointed at
me with a gun.

kakwaxi ukukomba, he doesn't know how
to dance, i. e. that part thereof performed
by the arms, the which, in Zulu dancing,
is generally of more importance than the
part performed by the feet.

Phr. ixinkomo xami zikombife, my cattle
have pointed or put out the forefinger, i. e.
are seven.

i-n Komba (Kombha), n. Fore-finger, or
pointer ( see komba ) = i-nKombabantii,
u-Nonkombabantu.

i-nKombabantu (Kombhabantu), n. = i-
nKomba.

i-nKombane (Kombhane), n. (C.N.) = i~
nJumbane.

i-nKombankombane ( Kombhankombhane),
n. Mutual pointing out of one another,
as when a number of naughty children
put the fault on one another; (C.N.) ==
i-nJumbane.

i-nKombazana (Kombhazana),n. = isi-Ko-
mbazana.

isi-Kombazana or ne (Khombhazana), n.

Red-breasted Dove (Chalcopelia afra)

= i-nKombazana, ti-Nkombose.
i(li)-Kombe (Khoombhe), n. = i(li)-Qa-

ngane; (C.N.) wing of a bird (— i(li)-

Piko ).

um-Kombe (Khoombhe), n. 5. Any long,
narrow, trough-like thing, as a iong ca-

labash dipper, long narrow deep-bodied
meat-tray, a European vegetable-dish,
etc. (= um-Kumbi); present of meat
from a slaughtered beast sent by one
friendly woman to another ( females not
being supposed to go about to stran^o
meat-feasts as do the men ) ; so-called
white rhinoceros (— iim-Kombo); ox
with horns placed diagonally, one up-
ward and the other downward ; certain
veldt-plant, used as imifino [da. ku-
mbos, hollow; Lat. concha, shell; Hi.
kauri, shell; Sw.kombe, dish; Her. otyi-
kongo, shell].

Phr. badhlelana imikombe, they eat for one
another presents of meat — said to express
the cordial friendliness of two women who,
whenever a beast is slaughtered in one or
other of their kraals, always send each other
a joint.

P. imikombe iy'enanana, the presents of
meat are obtained in exchange for one
another, i.e. one good turn briugs another;
who gives not, receives not, etc.

imikombe ayijjambane, let the meat-presents
cross one another, i. e. let us live on terms
of mutual friendship.

i-nKombi (Kombhi), n. Dancer who is cle-
ver at arm and stick movements. See
komba.

Kombisa (Khombhisa), v. Cause or help
to point; point at, as a gun or finger
(ace.) at a thing (with ku, or ngaku);
point out to, as any object, path, etc., to
a person ( doub. ace.) ; show a person
the way (doub. ace), as to do any work.
Cp. komba.

isi-Kombisa (Khombhisa), n. The fore, or
pointing finger; used for indicating 'sev-
en' — i-nKota, um-Koti, u-Nkomba.

i-nKombo (Kombho), n. Veldt-herb, whose
roots are eaten in time of famine.

isi-Kombo (Khombho), n. = u(lu)-Saku.

um-K6mbo (Khoombho), n. 5. So-called
'White Rhinoceros', of nearly the same
dark colour as the u-Bejane, than which
it is larger, and with horns much long-
er, one sometimes a foot or more the
other about half a foot, and both bent
upwards — i-nKulumana, um-Kombe.

u(lu)-Komela (Khomela), n. Semi or three- /
quarters circle formed by men sitting
at a trial, dancing, etc. = u(lu)-K<t>i>ba;
cp. um-Kumbi.

Komfa (Khomfa), v. — gomfa.

i-nKomfe (s. k.), ti. Common veldt-herb
(Hypoxis Rooperi) with yellow flower
and producing fibre used for sewing
hut-mats. Cp. i(li)-Gudu.

Phr. sex'eqe mkomfe ixinkomo, the cattle

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314

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have now passed over an inkomfe plant —

I when they are giving unusually little

milk, which effect thin plant ia supposed to

have on cattle.

um-Komfu (Khomfu), n. 5. Pendulous swel-
ling (prob. molluscum), sometimes as
large as a strawberry and several in
number, hanging: by a narrow neck to
the body, with the Natives gen. about
the ear.

i-nKomishi (s. k.), n. Cup; mug [D. kom-
metji\.

Komkulu (Komkhulu), n. At the Great
Place, at the Chief's or Residency.

i-nKomo (s.k.), n. Generic name for cat-
tle; hence, a head of cattle, a beast (whe-
ther bull, ox, or cow); sometimes used
t<> designate any 'domestic' or owned
animal, as distinguished from those run-
ning wild [Skr. gaus, cow; Heb. gamal,
camel; Hi. gao, cow; At. gamus, buf-
falo; Lat. bos, ox; Mid. Nig. li-gume;
Sw. ngombe; Her. o-ngombe; MZT. i~
ngombe; Bi. olongombe; Ga. nsolo;
Van. ngombu, buffalo; Su. khumo, cat-
tle ; Son. hau, cow ; Wan. luguma, camel ;
Ted. goni; Sak. ngombe, cow; Hot.
goma-n].

Phr. sengiyirikomo enombala, I am now
a beast with a (conspicuous) colour, i.e. I
am now become famous or a marked person
(gen. in a bad sense).

lcaxi iyakuxala 'nkorno-ni? I wonder what
Bort of beast (i.e. male or female) it (the
cow) will give birth to? — and so said of
any doubtful affair.

inkomo imbiwa ematshmi ku'belungu, an
os is dug out of rocks with the white-people
— expressing that one must work hard to
get it.

inkomo ka'Haga, one of Haga's cattle — ■
name sometimes applied to the Boers (where
the word Haga may perhaps refer to the
name of Bome former Boer leader).

P. inkomo enomlomo bayma'masi, a cow
with a mouth I i.e. with much noise) has no
milk = empty vessels make most noise —
as may be said of a noisy woman who does
DO work.

um-Komo (Khomo), n. 5. Whale = um-
Komu [Sw. nyangumi; Her. o-ngandu].
Phr. VMrkohida xomkomo, bits of jelly-like
substance found along the sea-shore.

isi-Komololo (Khomololo), n. Mourning,
grief (C.N.) isi-Kemelele.

i-nKomponi (s.k.; 8. p.), n. Gold-mining

Company [Eng.].
Kona (Khona),pers.pron. It; itself; the
one (nom. or ace in the emphatic

Ex. tirjisho kona, I say or mean that
(which you say), the same thing.

uy'enxa kona, you do it i. e. the proper
thing = you are doing rightly, correctly,
properly.

asibone okona kuyHkona, uma y'ikupi na ?
or asibone ukuti yHkupi okuy'ikona kuyHkona,
let us see, that which it is the right thing,
if it is which ? or, let us see, namely, it is
which, that which is it, the right thing ? =
let us see, which is the proper thing, the
real truth, etc.

Kona (Khona — sometimes abbrev. to Ko),
adv. There, in that place ( about which
we are talking or to which I am referring ) ;
then, at that time (to which we are re-
ferring); here, there, present, existent
(usuaUy with uku-ba, or a pronoun
alone ) ;' conj. in that way ( followed by
participle and future tense), often used
in place of, though not quite identical
with in sense, the Eng. ' so that, in order
that' (cp. ukuba); although, notwith-
standing (= nakona, nakuba, kati) [Ar.
hand, here; Su. hona].

Ex. ngipuma Icona, I come from there.

babi abantii bakona, bad are the people of
that place.

nyikona, I am here, or present.

nyisekona, I am still here (on earth) i.e.
am still living = ngisahlexi.

kaseko, he is not any longer here (on
earth) i.e. he is dead = us'efile, seivafa.

angiko mina kuloko, I, I am not there
with that thing, i.e. I have, or shall have,
nothing to do with that; I shall not connect
myself with such a thing.

kukona loko naku'bantu, that exists also
among the Natives.

kona-pi? there where? where? (as when
asking more definitely concerning a place
already indicated).

kona-pi kona? where there? i.e. at which
particular spot there.

hcakuyikona ngibonayo, it was then that
T began to see, or understand.

kona kutangi, then (on that very or self-
same day) the day before yesterday.

kona lapa, here in this place.

kona manje, here now% at this very time
now, i. e. at once, immediately.

idwmbile, kona ngindshelUe, akahlale, he
has gone, notwithstanding that I told him
to stay.

memerut kakulu, kona eyakuziva, shout
loudly, in that way (= so that) he will
hear.

hangati uxikonela, it is as though he were
here for himself, or of his own power — to
judge from the independent manner in which
he regards all others.

nl.nncln-ni hpn esontweni, ung'exanga 'ku-

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ladeka utt? what are you here in the church
for, if you have not come to pray I

i-nKonazana (s.k.),u. Certain running
veldt-herb (Atysicarpus Wallichii), used
as emetic for chest complaints.

i(li)-Konde (Khonde), n. That part of a
beast between the rump and the hip,
where the flesh often sinks in; (C.N.)
full-grown male baboon, or large male
monkey.

P. ibixdo ladhla ikondekaxi , the summons
ate up the female-baboon (referriug perhaps
to some nursery-tale) — said of a person who
gladly answering a call or invitation, after-
wards finds he has gone to his own death
or entrapping.

i-nKonde (s.k.),n. Large brown bird with
red beak (C.N. from Xo.).

isi- Konde (Khonde), n. (C.N.) = isi-Kondwe.

i-nKondhlo (s.k.),n. Kind of dance, gen.
the opening one at a wedding, with
gradual forward and backward move-
ment and differing from the isi-Qubulo
in being of a quick, spirited nature,
and from the isi-Gerre in not being
accompanied by any clapping of hands
(used with shay a). Cp. um-Gcagco;
(C.N.) large black bird with red beak
.and claws.

i-nKondhlwane (s. k.), n. Certain veldt-plant
(Helichrysum aureonitens) used for
making matting for wrapping tails and
assegais in, and also used for carrying
fire (which it retains in a smouldering
state for a very long time).

um-Konde (Khonde), n. 5. Back of the
neck (nearly obsolete).

Phr. ulohi ebckise umkoiide pantsi, he has
always the neck (i.e. head) bent down =
he is utterly depressed or cowed down, as
with overwhelming remorse, shame, want, etc.

u m - K o n d o (Khondo), n. 5. Trail, track,
trace left by anything that lias passed,
such as can be smelt by a dog ( though
invisible) or as foot-prints made by an
animal, or flattened grass left by some-
thing passing; certain small spreading
weed with tiny leaves and yellow flowers,
used for tying round the ankle of a
pregnant woman when joiumeying, as a
prophylactic against the disease below;
sinking of the fontanel in an infant (as
from spurious hydrocephalus ), supposed
to be caused by the mother while preg-
nant having passed over the track of
certain obnoxious animals, as the eland,
etc., or having somehow or other come
into contact with their fat; also severe
form of nettle-rash {um-Kondo tvenyo-
h((), as below [Sw. mkondo, current of

water; rukokoto, trail; Her. omu-koka,

trail; Mamb. konzo, foot].

Phr. ti'iijih' umkondo ucnyoka, he has pass-
ed over the track of a snake, i. c. has nettle-
rash {urticaria) in a severe form, as when
affecting the face. See isi-Hlungu.

N.B. Hurtful imikondo arc a Bource of
constant dread to a Native mother in child-
birth. While the child is still in the womb,
she has to arm herself continually, and es-
pecially when going far from the kraal, with
the um-Kondo plant, which she ties round
just above the foot, so as to counteract the
enemy on the very first point of attack. For
the first few days aftt r actual delivery, all
persons are rigorously excluded from her hut,
lest they bring in along with them 'tracks'
of these dreaded animals, and afterwards, for
the first month or two, everybody entering
the hut is rigorously expected to perform
the uku-lumula or aku-pepeta, q. v. And
should the mother herself have been necessi-
tated to travel about over multitudinous
ways, she carefully preserves a specimen of
the rubbish (ixi-bi) of each separate path,
which, upon being burnt on the hearth
when she reaches home and the infant held
within the smoke, is supposed to effectually
expel any injurious influence she may have
brought back with her from those paths!

u(lu)-Kondo (Khondo), n. Slight path or
track, not plainly visible, as a path just
being commenced or an old one long
disused; a trace.

u(lu)-Kondolo (Khondolo), n. Hereditary
taint or characteristic running in a fa-
mily, as a disposition to any particular
disease, proclivity to any crime, or phy-
sical likeness.

um-Kondosha (Khondosha), n. 5. = um-
Konde.

isi-Kondwe (Khondtve), n. Certain veldt-
plant, whose milky roots are eaten by
herd-boys = isi-Pofu.

i-nKone (s.k.),n. Beast, black or red,
having a white patch along the back ; one
of the i-nKone regiment (= i-nGnlube).
N.B. Of a red beast as above it is freq.
said ilele umuntu pakati i it has a mau lying
along the middle).

Konga (Khonga), v. Call, summon, ask to
come with persistent repetition, keep ask-
ing or calling for a person (ace.) whose
presence is wished for, as a doctor, or
tradesman to repair, though the word is
now mostly confined, especially in Natal,
to the 'calling for' a prospective wife
from her father, which a young-man,
wishing to get married, usually does
through the services of a third party,
wliu, is called the um-Kongi.

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315

KO

Ex. kadt ngikukonga, I hart been calling
lor you ever so long.

um-Kongi (Khongi),n.l. Bridegroom's
man, entrusted with the business of
arranging on his behalf with the girl's
father concerning the marriage. See
konga; um-Loboli.

u-Kongoio (Khongolo), n. Baldness at the
crown of the head (not from the fore-
head up — i-mPandhla); person there-
with.

i-nKongolwana (s.k.), n. A sitting-down in
silent mental dejection, overwhelmed
with sorrow or misery, as people in a
hut with a dying relative (used with
Ida I a). Cp. kedamisa; isi-Kemelele.

Ex. iigabafumanisa behlexi ' nkongolwana
(or ngoku'nkongoltcana), I found them sit-
ting in distress (overcome with grief).

Kongozela (Khongozela), v. Hold or set
a receptacle of any kind in order to
receive anything (ace.) falling therein,
as when holding both hands together
basin-fashion in order to receive some-
thing (cp. kangeza), or when placing a
bucket under a house-gutter to catch
water (ace. = bekezela ) — the original
of this word, viz. kongoza, is now obso-
lete in Zulu, having been replaced by
what would seem a corruption thereof
viz. kangeza. The original form, how-
ever, still exists in the Xosa, and with
the same meaning as the Zulu kangeza,
which latter word is there unknown.

Konje (s. k.), adv. So then, then, and so —
expressing some doubtfulness in the
speaker's mind when making an inter-
rogatory statement.

Ex. konje sown nomntwana? so then you
have a child now?

konje wati-ni umlungu"? what was it, then
(I can't quite remember), that the whiteman

Mid?

i-nKonjane (s. k.), n. Swallow (Hirundo
rustica, Hi. cueullata, etc.); certain pat-
tern of ornamenting the outside of
earthenware pots (= isi-Sila-senkonja-
ne)\ dimple on the cheek (= i-nDhlu
yt nkonjane).

isi-Konko (Khonko), a. Kind of long grass,
used for platting ropes ; ( collect. ) stiff,
bristly things, as the twigs of a carpet-
broom, or hairs of a brush.

Konkobala (Khonkobala), v. Be pinched,
numbed, wizened, shrunk together, as
the body of a man or beast upon any
constitutional disturbance (used
in perl ) ho8hobala, hobana, kosho-
h't/a.

i-nKonkoni (s.k.), ". Brindled gnu, or blue

wildebeeste (Connochoetes taurina);
one of a Zulu regiment formed by
Mpande next after the u-Tulwana and
with which it was subsequently incor-
porated.

isi-Konkosi (Khonkosi), n. Base of the
skull at the hollow place just above the
back of the neck. Cp. isi-Jingo [Sw.
ki-kosi, nape of neck].

Konkota (Khonkotha), v. Bark, as a dog ;
bark at a person (ace.) ; rave, talk wildly,
as a maniac (= heha, mpompa); rave
at, talk wildly and abusively at a person
(ace).

isi-Konkwane (Khonkwane), n. Wooden
peg or small sharpened stake, as for
fixing a hide to the ground or for te-
thering a horse; stake, bone, or stone
set up (see betela) by a doctor to charm
away evil, etc.

i(li)-Kono (Khono),n. 'Arm' for doing or
managing anything, i. e. skill, dexterity,
as in dealing with food, stock-breeding,
flinging the assegai, etc. (= u(lu)-Galo).

Ex. oka'Texa imekono lotshwala, Teza's
daughter knows how to do (i.e. make and
manage) beer.

Phr. uku-hlaba ikono, to feel pleasure or
gladness, as under kind treatment, on receipt
of a present, etc. Cp. takaza.

isi-Kono (Khono), n. Broad band of arm-
lets, of platted grass, wire-work or beads,
worn covering the arm above the wrist.

um-Kono (Khono), n. 5. Arm of person,
from end to end (= i-7iGalo); fore- leg,
of a beast (cp. u(lu)-Galo); wing, of an
army, dancing or hunting-party (= u(lu)-
Pondo; cp. isi-Fuba, i(li)-Piko); the
spiral-like projection poking out at the
end of any roll, as of matting, carpet,
etc., when unequally rolled up [Sw. Bo.
Ga. Kag. Ya. etc. mkono, hand, arm ;
Her. e-kono, arm].

Ex. icantsi lami linomkono, my sleepiug-
mat has an arm (poking out at one end
when rolled), i.e. it is wider at the middle
than the ends.

P. akit'bandhla lingayikudhla 'mkono, there's
no assembly of men that won't (also) eat
the leg ( of a beast — an inferior part — as
well as the head — a prime part eaten by
the men in company) — there's none who
won't have some trouble, who won't have
his share of what is bad as well as of what
is good.

isi-K6nokono (Khonokhono), n. = isi-Gono-
gono.

Konona (Khonona), v. Be not fully satis-
fied or contented ( in the heart ) i. e. be
dissatisfied, discontented, displeased, as

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with a bargain (with nga, or ela form
with ace), with the unsatisfactory work
or behaviour of a servant, with evidence
or information, etc. (this word is the
antithesis of koliva; hence, may some-
times be synonymous with, to doubt,
disbelieve, have doubts about — with
nga) = kononda; cp. sola. [Her. unau-
na, be discontentedj.

Kononda (Khononda), v. = konona.

u(lu)-Konondo (Khonondo), n. Dissatisfac-
tion, discontent, displeasure; doubts
(with nga) = u(lu)-Konono.

Kononisa (Khononisa), v. Dissatisfy, dis-
please a person (ace); cause one to have
doubts about, as above.

i-nKonono (s. k.), n. — see i-Nkonono.

u(lu)-Konono (Khonono), n. = u(lu)-Kono-
ndo.

i-nKonova (s.k.),n. Dirty, nasty-looking
person, with the body all 'white' from
being unwashed or from scurfiness.

um-Konto (Khonto), n. 5. Assegai, of any
variety ; freq. used for ' knife ', especially
for such as have a fixed blade (cp. isi-
Nqindi); reward, return, payment, for
any service rendered [Skr. kunta, spear;
Lat. cuspis, spear-point; Sw. mkuke,
spear; Ga. chaongo; Bo. kongamo; Bar.
goro].

Phr. uku-kipa umkonto, to pay a fee.
uku-gexa imikonto — see hlamba,
bamdhlisa nyomkonfo ongapakati, they
poisoned him.

mus'ukungihlaka nga'/nkonto munye, don't
stab me with a single spear or thrust, do
me outright while you are about it = don't
just half satisfy me with a mere single pinch
of snuff.

Kontsa (Khontsa), v. Pursue with haras-
,.- sing persistency, be constantly at or
after in a vexatious manner, persecute,
as huntsmen following up a buck (ace.)
without cessation, or one man continu-
ally plaguing another with a purpose.
Cp. jinga.

Ex. umlungu uyasikontsa ngomsebenxri, the
whiteman is always harassing us with work
(as might be said of a Dutch farmer).

um-Kontso (Khontso), n. 5. Pursuing, per-
secuting, harassing spirit or habit, as
above.

i-nKontsolo (s.k.; s.t.),n. State of being
persecuted, afflicted by one's over-lord,
as below.

Ex. sibtdawa inkonxo yenkontsolo, we are
killed with a service of affliction, i.e. we are
in a state of dependency to one who is al-
ways harshly treating us.

Konya (Khonya), v. Bellow with a strain-
ing, trumpet-like sound, as a bull (cp.
bong a, kalima); cry, as an um- Konya.

um-Konya (Khonya), n. 5. Bladder-locust
(Cystoccelia immaculata), whose cry,
resembling the sound of a London tram-
conductor's whistle, may be heard dur-
ing summer nights, and whose abdo-
minal part is merely a large empty in-
flated sac. Cp. isi-Konyane.

i(li)-Konyane (Khonyane), n. Certain sea-
fish (N.).

i-nKonyane or Konyana (s. k.—plur. ama or
izi-Nkonyane^, n. Calf, up to the time it
ceases to suck ( when it becomes an ifli)-
Tole); hence, foal, etc.; prime-looking,
handsome youth ( cp. i-nTekane) ; ( mostly
in plur. izi-Nkonyane) muscular lum-
piness, bundles of muscle showing con-
spicuously on any part of the body, as
the back, legs, etc.; used to express a
'young one' of the same kind (good or
bad) as his father.

Ex. inkonyana ka'Ngo.a, the fine young
fellow of Ngoza's.

inkonyana yenkomo le, this is the calf of
a proper one, i. e. is a perfect specimen, a
thoroughbred of its kind.

inkonyana yemfambele, a call of a cow
with one teat i. e. of a good-for-nothing, lazy
person

intsixiva yayisuke iinkonyanc n-o/ike umxi-
mba, the young-man was covered with mus-
cular lumps all over the body i. e. was of a
very muscular build (not much admired by
the Natives).

■isey inkonyana le, this (cow) is still (witbj
a calf i. e. is still suckling one.

P. ixinkonyana xilandela onina, calves
follow (i.e. take after) their mothers.
isi-Konyane (Khonyane — no \Axly.), n. Lo-
cust or locusts, of the common plague
variety = i-nKumbi ; cp. um-Konya.

N.B. This pest is supposed to have been
sent to these parts by a certain queen tiMa-
belemade ( Queen Long-breasts l, who is re-
puted owner of the swarms, and is reported
as living :far away in the north'.

i-nKonyanebomvu (s.k.),u. One of a cer-
tain section of the UrMbonambi regi-
ment = i-nDwali.

isi-Konyololo (Khonyololo), n. Muscular-
bodied person, with bunches of muscle
showing prominently all over him, as
the typical 'strong man'. See i-nKonya-
ne.

Konza (Khonza), r. Make oneself servile
to another (ace. or kn ). make oneself
his menial or dependant, live in a state
of voluntary servitude to; be ;i subject,

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318

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dependant, or menial of, as when a
Kafir acts as the subject of a chief, or
willingly makes himself the menial of a
Dutch farmer, or becomes adopted as a
dependant in a rich man's kraal; hence,
serve, as a subject his lord {kit, or ace);
pay one's respects to (with ku and inda-
bu, as below), give one's compliments
to, salute [Sw. ihiyonge, servility].

Ex. ngixa 'kukonxa, 'nkoai; ngifoke ika-
nda lapa kuwe, I come to be your subject,
or menial, sir, that I may put in my head
i /. c. tint! protection and shelter) here
under you.

a Bail i uy a Loir, a imlaba kuwe, So-and-so
-t.nds you his respects or compliments.

wongikonzela (indaba) ku'Bani, you will
give my regards to So-and so — this expres-
sion is more common in Natal; in Zululand
they more generally use bonela.

isi-Konzi (Khomi), n. One who is in a
state of voluntary service, dependancy,
or subjection to another; a vassal.

i-nKonzo (s. k.), n. A serving, or subject-
ing of oneself to a master or chief; vas-
salage. See konza.

Ex. 'nkosi, ngize 'kufuna inkonxo, sir, I
come wanting service, i.e. a position of ser-
vant, menial, dependant, or vassal to you
I unpaid, of course).

lo'mhingu kana'nkonxo, there is no serving
i as a menial or dependant) under this white-
man; nobody will ever make himself subject
to him (he doesn't know how to treat a ser-
vant properly).

uhlushwa inkonxo yenkontsoh, he is affhet-
ed with a vassalage of hard-treatment, i. e.
he leads a life of hard subjection, or is
harshly treated by his over-lord.

um-Konzo (Khonzo), n. o. Present with
which one accompanies his greetings
when sending them through a third
party to another, as a beast, etc.; gift
as token of remembrance or regard,
keepsake, even when given directly by
one friend to another upon their casual
meeting or leave-taking. See konza.

Ex. fo'mkonxo wongikonzcla ngawo kuwe,
you will convey ray salutations to yourself
by this gift.

lo' i/ikon: o ngaicukon* iswa oka' Matutwane,
this keepsake I had sent to me with greetings

m Matutwane's daughter.

Kopa (Khopha), /'. = kobo.

isi-Kope (Khophe), n. That space which
ie left empty at the top of a vessel of
liquid when only about seven-eighths
full; the incompletely filled contents of
such a vessel — u(lu)-Kope, isi-Kobe,
u(lu)-Kobe; cp. isi-Cete; ui-Qentu; isi-
Ko koba.

Ex. ubani ob'enxe letshwala isikopc na?
who is it that has made this beer incompletely
filled (by drinking from it, or not pouring
in sufficient ) ?
u(lu)-Kope (Khophe; pi. izi-nKope, s.k.), n.
Eyelash (= um-Sebe); that portion of
the i-koba or glume, in some varieties
of Kafir-corn, which projects, like eye-
lashes, beyond the grain-ball; also =
isi-Kope [Sw. kope, eyelash; Nyas. isi-
Kope; MZT. zi-koive, eye-lids; Her.omu-
kova, eye-lid ; Reg. ngoto, eyelash ; Ga.
nkoikoi],

Ex. ihlosa uhlobo iwamabele olu'nkope (ov
olu'nkope xing'exomuntu), the ihlosa is a kind
of Kafir-corn which has eyelashes ( or which
has eyelashes like those of a man).

Phr. umuntu olalisa ixinkope, a person
who lays down the eyelashes, i. e. a crafty,
pretending person, who assumes appearances
of piety, abstemiousness, courteousness,
quietness, etc., as circumstances demand.

i(li)-Kopela (Khophela), n. A deep sunken

eye (mostly in plur.).
isi-Kopela (Khophela), n. = isi-Kopoco.

ama-Kopelana (Khophelana; no sing.,), n.
Horns of an ox when short and nearly
meeting together in a small oval forma-
tion over the eyes.

u-Kopo (Khopho), n. = u-Kopokaneti.

isi-Kopoca (Khophoca), n. = isi-Kumbuzi.

isi-Kopociya (Khophociya), n. — isi-Kopoco.

isi-Kopoco (Khophoco), n. Face sunk deep-
ly in across the middle, from the nose
being bridge-less and the forehead pro-
minent, presenting an ape-like appear-
ance = i(li)-Kobongo, isi-Kopela, isi-
Kopociya, isi-Wocongo, isi-Wonqo, isi-
Wonqoba, isi-Wokoqo; cp. u(lu)-Zuku-
mba.

u-Kopokaneti (Khophokanethi), n. Person
with very deep-set eyes overhung by
prominent eyebrows = u-Kopo, isi-Wo-
nqoba.

Ex. ukopo kaneti; uneta ngemvula yomdn-
■mo, Deepset-eyes doesn't get wet; he gets
wet only by a thunderstorm — sarcastic re-
mark made about such a person as above.

i-nKopolo (Kopholo), n. Mine, of minerals;

shaft, of a mine [? Eng].
Kopolota, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.p.; s.t.),v.

= ukuti kipiliti.
isi-Kopoqa (Khophoqa), n. = isi-Kumbuzi.

Kopoza (Khophoza), v. Cut level the ground
(ace), as in preparation for a hut-site
when the position is on a slope; look
down with shame or shyness, as one
conscious of guilt, or overcome with
shyness (— nxotoza); also = kubula.

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319

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Kopoza (s. k.; s. p.), v. Make a swashing,
rumbling sound like kopo kopo, as water
in a gourd when shaken, or in the sto-
mach ; also = goboza.

i-nKosa (s.k.),n. Filament or styles of
the female flower, growing out at the
top of a mealie-cob = izi-Yepu. See ke-
puza,

i-nKosana (s. k. — plur. ama-Khosana, hard
k.), n. Small or petty chief; heir, of
a kraal-owner, i. e. the eldest son of
the chief wife ( not necessarily the eldest
son of the whole family ) ; heir, to any
special hut in a kraal. Cp. i(U)-Posu-
kubusa.

Ex. inkosana yoke uba? who is his heir?
uye inkosana yakwabo, it is he, the heir
in his mother's hut.

i-nKosazana (s.k. — plur. ama-Khosazana,
hard k.), n. Eldest daughter of a chief-
wife (not necessarily the eldest daughter
in the whole family); any daughter of
a chief or important personage (by
courtesy ) ; hence, any ' young lady '
generally ; used also euphemistically for
porcupine (which is not called by its
real name i-Ngungumbane), from a
superstitious dread that it would on
that account come down and devastate
one's crops (— um-Fazazana).

Kosela (Khosela), v. Shelter oneself, take
shelter, from rain, cold or wind, by
going under, behind, or into some
sheltering cover. Cp. um-Peme.

isi-Koshimane (s.k.),n. Florin [said to be
derived from Eng. Scotchman],

Koshobala (Khoshobala), v. = konkobala.
i-nKoshobala (s.k.),n. Any shrivelled-up

thing, as a grenadilla, a dry skin, or

an old woman.

i-nKoshosho (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = i-nKototo.

i-nKosi (s. k. — plur. ama-Khosi, hard k), n.
King or chief (of which there was only
one among the Zulus); applied, by
courtesy, to one in very high position,
as a brother of the king, a prime-minister,
etc. ; ( mod. ) lord ; magistrate ; gentleman,
and (in vocative) sir; plur. ama-Kosi,
often applied to the ama-Dhlozi (see
N.B. under um-Kosi); also to the White-
men's Government [Gr. kurios, lord;
arche, authority; Ar. goz, husband; Ta.
m-gosi; Ka. a-hosi; Bo. Ze. Ngu. m-
gosi, man, male; Go. mu-gosi; San.
m-goshi; Kag. mu-gosha ; Reg. mu-lowhe,
chief; Her. omti-hona; Sho. i-she; Ibo.
eze. Com p. Zulu affix kazi (great;
female) and Zi. m-kodzi, woman; Ndu.
m-kodszl, woman; Nyamb. m-kase, wife;
Ga. m-kazi, woman].

um-Kosi (Khosi), n. 5. Zulu king's annual
festival, held about Christmas time
(with dhlala), when the men of the
whole nation assembled at the Great
Place in full festal panoply, the king was
'doctored' with manifold charms, the
ancestral spirits praised, the allegiance
of the people renewed, new laws were
proclaimed, the enjoyment of the new
season's fruits was formally initiated by
the chief, the herd-boy's syrinx (/////-
fshingo) was heard again for the first
time in the new year, and so on ; hence,
any similar annual festival held by
Native chiefs in Natal; also applied to
days of universal holiday-making among
the Whites, e. g. the King's Birthday,
Christmas, etc.; shouted public an-
nouncement or proclamation of any kind
(with hlaba), as when, according to
Native custom, deputed parties an-
nounce to the world, from a hill-top or
other conspicuous spot, a public hunt
or dance, raise the alarm of an enemy's
approach or the presence of a wild-
beast, or any other important matter
of common public interest; hence, freq.
equivalent to alarm ; also, the relief-
party brought out by such an alarm.
See eshwama [It seems probable that
this word, in its derivation, is connected
rather with the word i(li)-Dhlozi (an-
cestral spirit) than with the word
i-nKosi ( chief ) — unless, of course, both
these Zulu words are originally of the
same derivation. We find in the Karanga
kosi, sometimes klosi ( plur. ma-kosi,
ma-klosi) meaning 'ancestral spirit', to
which annual sacrifices of bullocks, goats,
etc., are made, and take place, with
much feasting, about the same time as
the Zulu um-Kosi. In the same lang-
uage we find other words, o-hosi, i-she,
etc. — all manifestly akin to our Zulu
i-nKosi — to denote 'chief. But in Zulu
the ancestral spirits are also called ama-
Kosi, which word would seem to be akin
to the former, not the latter, Karanga
words. Whence the um-Kosi in Zulu
would seem more correctly to be the
great festival of the chief ancestral
spirits of the tribe or of its royal house].

Ex. bapalelv wmkosi womlilo, they have
poured or run out to a cry ( or alarm) of fire.

ubu-Kosi (Khosi), >/. Chieftainship, lordly

state; lordly life; lordly authority or
rule; majesty, lordly pomp.

Ex. uku-dhla ab/dosi. to inherit or come
into possession of the chieftainship.

i-nKosikazi (s.k. plur.ama-Kosikazi (Kho-
si kazi), n. Chief or great wife of a chief;
applied, by courtesy, to any one of a

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chief's wives; also to the chief wife of
any ordinary kraal-owner; also, as a
term of courtesy, to any married woman.
Kosoza (Khosoza), v. Bear or behave one-
self reverently, wear an humble respect-
ful mien, as in the presence of one's
chief, superiors, etc.

Kota (Khotha), v. Lick, as one cow another
(ace.) or a child a plate; lick up, as a
child the food (ace.) left on a plate, or
medicinal powder from the hand; lick
or lick up 'by the hand' (ngesandhla)
i. c. clean a pot (ace.) or the food re-
maining on the side thereof by wiping
it round with the finger and then trans-
ferring to the tongue (cp. kotulula);
lick up (fig.) i.e. take up or remove
by an absorbing or adhering process,
as a rag might wet paint (ace.) when
laid upon it, or a piece of blotting paper
ink, or the earth water spilt upon it;
smoothen a thing off externally, as
though 'licking off' the remaining irre-
gularities, as when giving the final
touches to a piece of pottery (ace),
plastered wall and the like; nip, bite,
or eat off the outer surface, as a beetle,
spider, or similar insect giving one a
slight bite at night, or nibbling off the
outside of bookcovers, skins, etc.

Ex. ibeshu land selinje, lakotwa umkotane,
my buttock-cover is now thus, it was nibbled
by earwigs.

Phr. yo^'iyikotf, it (the cow) will come
to lick it ( the strange calf, which, duly
smeared with medicine, has been put to it,
after the death of its own, and which the
COW will eventually allow to suck) — used
to signify that a person will come to like
a certain thing after a while.

P. ikot'eyikotayo, it (the ox) licks the
one that licks it — used in reference to the
reciprocal action of friendly people.

i-nKota (Kotha), n. End of the tongue of
an ox, with which it licks (see kota);
forefinger, with wrhich the food-vessel is
wiped; used to express seven; a certain
bird, the Rainbow Bee-eater (Militto-
phagus albifrons); used by women for
_rass.'

isi-Kota (Khotha),n. Long dry grass, fit
for burning off.

Kotama (Khothama), v. Bow down, stoop
(when standing), as a person examining
something on the ground = fola; cp.
qota [Her. kotama, bow down; Ga. ko-
fnmka, incline; MZT. kombelela, pay
homage; Sen. rjogoina, kneel].

i(li)-Kotamo (Khotliamo), n. Crown of the
arch Formed by the doorway in a Native

hut ; applied also to the thatch or matting
covering that part.

Ex. bainuka namakotamo amabili ebusuku,
they (the abatakoti) have taken off two door-
way-crowns ( i. e. some of the thatch there-
from which they will use in their evil charms
against the kraal) during the night.

um-Kotane (Khothane — no plur.,), n. 5.
Earwig or earwigs.

Kote, ukuti (Khothe, ukuthi), v. Drain up
or off dry, draw off all the liquid or
moisture from, as the sun drying up
the water (ace.) in a stream, a man
'draining off beer (ace.) from a pot
letting nothing remain, or the sun dry-
ing up mealies in a field = ukuti koce;
cp. ukuti nkwe, ukuti kehle.

i(li)-Kote (Khothe), n. A draining up or
getting cleared off quite dry.

Ex. xafa ikote hinkomo, the cattle died
off every drop of them.

isi-Kote (Khothe), n. Hot baking sun, dry-
ing up everything.

Ex. libalele isikofe nam/ila, it (the sun)
shines with a baking heat to-day.

u(lu)-Kote (Khothe), n. — u(lu)-Koto.

isi-Kotela (s.k.; s.t.),n. Excessively thick
porridge, isijingi, and similar foods ; [D.
skottel, dish] tin basin or bowl, of the
stores.

u-Kotetsheni (Khothetsheni), n. Rock-lizard
= u-Qotetsheni.

N.B. A Native suffering with toothache
goes and sits on the rock whereunder the
reptile dwells, draws a little blood from his
gums, and spits it out on the ground. Soon
the lizard comes out, sucks up the blood,
and the toothache ceases!

um-Koti (Khothi),n. 5. Forefinger, from
being used to wipe {kota) off the food
remaining in a dish; hence used for
'seven' = isi-Kombisa, i-nKota.

u(lu)-K5ti (Kooti; s. k.; s. t.), n. Young wives
(collect.) of any particular kraal or
locality.

u(lu)-K6tikoti (Khbthikhothi),n. Thing
that goes poking its tongue about every-
where, as a gluttonous person, dog, etc.
always seeking about for something to
eat or drink ; also a snake, from its habit
of poking about its tongue. See kotiza.

Kotisa (Khothisa), v. Cause or give a per-
son medicine or food (doub. ace.) to lick
up.

Kotiza (Khothiza), v. Lick about on all
sides, as a snake's tongue or a flapping
flame; poke the tongue ( izi-nDimi ) lick-
ingly about in all directions, as does a

KO

snake; go about 'poking the tongue'
everywhere for Eood or drink, as a glut-
tonous man or a dog. Cp. kota, ukuti
kote.

Ex. nloku ehamba ekotixa imixi, he is
constantly going pokiug about with his
tongue in the kraals.

iitslnvala babnmnamli, sasimxe sakotiza
■ixindimi, the beer was nice, we just kept
our tongues wagging about (like a snake's,
i.e. we kept all the time licking our lips).

Koto, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.; s. t.), v. Be cozy,
snug, as one sleeping, a nice warm room,
etc.

u- Koto or Kotwane (s. k. ; 8.t.),n. Snug,
cozy hut, etc.

Kwa'Koto (Khotho),n. Magistrate's court;
at the court [Eng.].

u-Koto (Khotho), n. = n-Qoto.

i-nKoto (Kotho), n. (C.N.) = i-nKoxe.

u(lu)-Koto (Khotho), n. = u(lu)-Qoto ; used
also idiomatically in the sense of 'old',
'poor old', etc., and expressing, as in
English, a feeling of contempt, sympathy,
etc. Cp. u-Ntsondo.

Ex. yekhiZumbu eyedwa ukoto (ox ulcote) !
oh ! poor old Zumbu ! — as might be said
sympathetically when some unpleasantness
has befallen him.

kanginika nopeni koua kodwa ukoto, he
didn't give me even a single old penny.

ama-K6tokoto (Khothokhotho — no sing.),
n. = izi-nKoko (see u(lu)-Koko).

isi-K6tokoto ( Khothokhotho), n. Certain
plant, used for earache (C.N. ).

i-nKototo (Kothotho), n. Woman's name
for pig; also sometimes any wild animal,
as hycena, leopard, etc. (not a hlonipa
word, though occasionally used for that
purpose).

u-Kototsheni (Khothotsheni), n. = u-Kote-
tsheni.

Kotoza (Khothoza), v. Gather or glean
what is left in a field ( ehlangeni ) by
the owner after he has harvested, as
odd mealie-cobs, corn-ears, etc. (ace), as
herd-boys are frequently allowed to do
= kwanya; cp. kivica.

Kotoza (s. k.; s. t), v. Speak with a low,
small voice, as a sick, enfeebled person.

isi-Kotozi (Khothozi), n. An after-gatherer,
a gleaner — see kotoza.

um-Kotozo (Khothozo), n. 5. That which
is left over for gleaning in a field al-
ready harvested = um-Kwanyo.

u(lu)-K6tshana (Kootshana; s. k.; s. t.J, n.

'Dirty little young-wives' or o-makoti

a contemptuous reference to some-

321 KO

body's young-wives or the young-women

of any particular locality.

Kotu, ukuti (K hot h a, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
qotu.

Kotuka (Khothuka), v. = qotuka.

Kotu la (Khothula), v. — qotula.

Kotuluka (Khothuluka), v. Get wiped, scrap

ed, or cleared off, as food (ace), et<\,

below. Cp. kueuka.

Kotulula (Khothulula), v. Wipe or clear
anything away by sweeping it off with
the finger or hand, as when clearing
out the remnants of food (ace.) in a pot
by running round the fingers, or when
removing sweat from the face by scrap-
ing it with a bone scraper, or when
brushing off spilled water with the hand
= kotuluza; cp. grvebeda; kucuza.

Kotuluza (Khothuluza), v. = kotulvla.

Kotuluzi, ukuti (Khothuluzi, ukuthi), v. =

kotulula.
Kova (Khova), v. = kovoya.
isi-Kova (Khova), n. Hooting owl, of which

there are several different varieties. Cp.

i-nKovana; u-Mabengwane.

N.B. The owl when it cries, says, Vuk'ii-

ngibule! Get up and whack me!

isi-Kova (Khoova), n. Plantain plantation.

u(lu)-K6va (Khoova; no plur.^w. Plantain,
tree or fruit — this was cultivated by
the Natives near the mouth of the Um-
hlatuze in Zululand, even in the time of
Shaka, to whom quantities were regular-
ly sent [Sw. mgomba; Cong, di-nkando].

i-nKovana (s.k.),n. = u-Mandubulu.

u(lu)-Kovo (Khovo), n. = u(lu)-Kovoyo.

i(li)-Kovoti (Khovothi — gen. in plur. ama-
Kovoti), n. Surface dregs, husks, refuse,
etc., such as rise and float on the top
when corn, beans, medicine, etc., are
mixed up with water.

um or u(lu)- Kovoti (Khovothi), n. 5. Large
thorny tree {Choztachme Meyeri), grow-
ing along the coast.

Kovoya (Khovoya), v. Make one fall toge-
ther or bend down from powerlessn
take all the strength out of one so that
he sink together, as long endured hunger,
great exhaustion, a drastic medicine,
etc. = kova.

Ex. us'ekovoywe indhlala, he is already
falling together from hunger.

ininiti umbulele umkovoye, the medicine has
done for him, has bent him up with exhaus-
tion (from its powerful working).

u(lu)-Kovoyo (Khovoyo),n. That which
makes one fall together from strength-
it]

KO

322

KO

iessness, as a great hunger, etc., as
above (t(lu)-Kovo.

i-nKovu (s.l;.), n. Pumpkin or vegetable
water /. e. in which the pumpkin or imi-
Hno have been boiled, and which is
drunk or used for further cooking-pur-
poses; watery exudation from a sore or
ulcer (see ii(hi)-Bovu); certain veldt-
bird.

Phr. umtele ngenkovu emehheeni, you have
thrown pumpkin-water in his eyes i.e. have
slushed him with abuse, abused him to his
bee.

um-K6vu (Khoovu), n. 5. Familiar of an
umtakati, whom he sends round by
night for working evil, placing poison,
etc., in the kraals = um-Luto; cp. u(lu)-
Singa [Sw. mwovu, evil-doer].

-\'.B. The descriptions of this wonderful
creature are various, but all accounts seem
to agree in that it is a being about the size
of a child, in reality the corpse of a dead
person dug up and brought back to life by
an umtakati who is master of the process.
The end of the tongue is cut off (others say
slit i. so that the creature can only talk in
an indistinct, 'thick' kind of way (= shwa-
shwaxa \, and as it moves about in a kraal
at night, it produces a noise resembling the
-macking or rustling of a woman's leathern
kilt (= kwahlaxa), whence it is frequently
duldied isi-Dimtxiku uti/n i.e. a little old bit
of kilt. Its appearance in a kraal generally
prognosticates death, and, should there chance
t<< be a person sick in the kraal at the time,
all hope would be given up as to his recov-
ery.

ama-Kovula (Khovula — no sing.>, n. Thick
mucus (not of a scrofulous nature =
um-Nqomfula) from the nose, (vulg. )
snots. Cp. ama-Finyila ; u(lu)-Timula.

i-nKowane (s.k.; no plurX n. Small kind
of edible mushroom, white beneath. Cp.
'(li)-Kowe, and following.

i-nKowankowane (s.k.),n. Large kind of
poisonous mushroom, mostly black,
though also sometimes white, beneath,
and recognised by its peculiar smell and
outer skin.

.V /.'. For poisoning by this mushroom,
take the tar of a calf, goat or dog, boil, and
give the broth to drink!

i(li)-Kowe (Khoive),n. Large edible mush-
room, oi a flattish shape, white beneath
and above, and about the size of a saucer.
Cp. ismBenge [Sw. kiyoya, mushroom;
Bo. /.•/.''/].

isi-Kowe (Khowe), n. Place where the pre-
i(ii)-Kowendhlovu (Khowendhlovu), n. Larg-

est South African kind of mushroom
— the 'elephant' mushroom, with a pileus
about eighteen inches broad.

Koxa (Khoxa), v. Make a hole, cavity,
groove, or sinking in a thing, as when
scooping out the eye (ace.) of a potato,
or when making the beer (ace.) in a pot
sink low by taking a long drink = uku-
ti koxe; cp. ukuti kipiliti.

Koxe, ukuti (Khoxe, ukuthi), v. = koxa.

i-nKoxe (s. k.J, n. = isi-Koxe.

isi-Koxe (Khoxe), n. Hole, pit, or groove
formed in a thing by a sinking in, scoop-
ing out, etc., as in a person when an
eye has been cut out, or when they sink
in from sickness, or the pit left in the
body when a bullet-wound has healed
badly, a groove grown in the bark or
trunk of some trees ( cp. i-mBombo ), or
the empty space made in a pot of beer
after a long drink has been taken, re-
ducing the contents to about three-quar-
ters full (cp. isi-Kope) = i-nKoxe.

Koxeka (Khoxeka), v. Have or get a hole,
cavity, etc., made in a thing, as a man
who has lost an eye or whose eyes have
sunk in through sickness, or beer that
has sunk deep down in a pot from a
long drink having been taken (used in
perf . ).

Koyo (Khoyo), adv. = ko or kona, and al-
most obsolete save in negative phrases
as below — the final yo is perhaps mere-
ly the ordinary expletive or euphonic
particle commonly affixed to verbs in
the relative and participial forms.

P^x. umkuba ongasekoyo lotvo, that is a
custom which no longer exists.

Koza (Khoza), v. Seek to establish custom
or trading relations with a person ( with
ku), generally by making him an open-
ing present (= isi-Kozi), or by offering
him goods on unusually favourable
terms = hlaba isikozi.

i(li)-Koza (Khoza), n. Intense, burning heat,
as felt in the immediate vicinity of a
great fire or (metaphor.) a hot locality
(cp. i(li)-Lanyabi); fame, great reputa-
tion (= i(li)-Dumela).

Ex. amadumbi <ntti ashiswe ikoxa lehlati,
my dumbis have been dried up by the great
heat of the forest (on the outskirts of winch
they were planted).

ikoxa lake likulu, he is very famous.

i-nKoza (s.k.),n. = i-nKosa.

Kozana (Khozana), v. Have mutual trade
relations, be customers one to another,
as a farmer with a Native who supplies
him with pigs, etc.

KO 323

/. Customer (on both

KU

um-Kozi (Khozi), n

sides), one with whom a buyer or seller

has habitual trade relations!
isi-Kozi (Khozi), n. That by which a seller

seeks to obtain custom or purchase for

his goods, being generally a preliminary

present of some kind.

Ex. ugixe 'kuklaba isikoxi kuwe, I have
come to offer you a present with a view to
our entering into trade relations.

u(lu)-Kozi (Khozi), n. Black Mountain Eagle
(Aquila Verrauxi); (C.N.) applied to a
violent, passionate man [Bo. kozi, kind
of eagle; Her. otyi-kuvikoze, mountain
eagle].

Ku (s. k.), pers. pron. nom. and ace. It
(used with nouns of the 8th. cL); pers.
pron. ace., thee, you (pron. of the 2nd.
pers. sing.).

Ku (s.k.),prep. To; from; into; for, with;
with respect to, etc. ; also contr. of kuna,
than, between (in comparison of things)
[Mai. tu, towards].

Ex. kukuwe loko, that is for you (to de-
cide).

uti-ni kuloko? what do you say, or think,
to that?

ngisuka ku'mame, nyisaya kti'baba, I come
from my mother, and am now going to my
lather.

cmg'azi uma umupi omubi ku'Zumbu no-
Dhloxi, I don't know which is the worst be-
tween Zumbu and Dhlozi.

Kuba (Khuba), v. Knock off the irregula-
rities on the surface of a new grinding-
stone (ace), by striking it violently with
another stone; 'knock off or get through
smartly and in large degree, as when a
girl gets through a large quantity of
grain (ace.) when grinding, a traveller
covers a great stretch of country (ace),
or a man drinking off a great pot of
beer (ace. = guba); knock up against
one's foot, trip up, as a stone projecting
in one's path might a person (ace.) walk-
ing there ( cp. quzuka ) ; catch a person
(ace), trip him up, on a statement (with
nga); 'knock up against' (visually),
meet one's eyes, come in one's way, as
firewood (nom.) might a woman (ace)
going about the veldt or bush, or any
unusual kind of game a traveller pass-
ing through a country.

Ex. yilokii. ekuba i/je, ufuna-ni? he inces-
santly turning up {i. e. appearing before one
in a certain kraal or along a certain way),
what does he want?

ayibonaxe mgikube inkomo kulelo'xwe, nev-
er a head of cattle met my gaze, came in
my way, in that country.

angibonaxe ngikutshwe 'kaba tculeyo'ntsimu,

in- knocked

tin- pot .

I was not met by | /. e. I did aol -<
single plant in that field.

wabuakaya wabukuba utshwala
oil' i. e. finished oil' the beer i in

i(li)-Kuba (Khuba), n. Hoe < i(li)-Qe$a)\

large projecting front-tooth ( i-mBazo)
[Ga. nkumbi, hoe; Her. e/cuva, axe;
Sw. Jembe, hoe; Kami.. :<■„</,<■; Ze. </<■-
mbe; San. ifcumburu].

i-nKuba (s.k.),n. Scarab, or tumble-dung
beetle, frequently noticed rolling hall-.
of dung along the path ; very small
beetle, swarming in fresh dung.

isi-Kuba (Khuba), n. Short remaining
stump of a worn-out hoe; very shorl
tooth, whether by natural growth or by
having the top knocked off (= isi-Ku-
nku, isi-Suka, isi-Junjubezi); also = i-
(li)-Zembe (the disease) [Her. e-kuva,
axe; Reg. ijuku, axe].

um-Kuba (Khuba), n. 5. Custom ; practice,
as of any particular tribe or locality
( cp. i-m Velo ) ; strange action, unusual
performance, as a trick or a feat; (in
a more restricted sense) undesirable
practice, bad habit, evil deed; tricky ac-
tion, prank; sort, kind (as to external
appearances), fashion, style, as the col-
ouring of two or more cattle, a mode
of action, or style of dress; plur. imi-
Kuba, actions of daily -life, conduct.

Ex. umkuba muni wona /o? what manner
of behaviour is that?

Knemikuba lo'muntu, this person has un-
desirable ways, is given to bad practice.*.

kana'mkuba lo'mfana, there's nothing with
this boy — i.e. perhaps, there's nothing-
wrong with him morally, or, there's nothing
of usefulness in him, he is good for nothing.

ixinkomo xake xVmkuba munye, his cattle
are all of one manner or kind ( may-be as
to their colour, horns, etc.).

ixingubo xabafundisi tfmkuba munye, the
clothes of ministers are of one style or fa-
shion.

uku-kwela, or gila, imikuba, to play mis-
chief, tricks, etc.
isi-Kubabende (KJtubabende), n. Certain
veldt-herb, having a woody carrot-
shaped root, commonly met with when
hoeing up new soil; solitary, uncared-for
individual, without children, wives, etc.
— from the above plant having only one
single root devoid of branchlets.
i-nKubabulongwe (s.k.),n. i-nKuba.

Kubala (Khuba in), v. Get or be hurt, in-
jured, harmed physically (by some
wound), as a man in battle or in an
accident, or (metaphor.) a man who
has been chronically harmed by some
disease; be pained, disappointed, griev-

21*

KU 324

get harmed or disabled in

KU

ed at heart .
its action, /. e. be ineffective, as a medi-
cine that has failed to work (= kuba-
zeka ) ; get painful i. e. go on to inflam-
mation and suppuration, as a wound
not healing in a healthy way (ep. ubu-
Kubele; vunda). See kubaza.

\(\\)-Kuba\o (Khubalo),n. Any Native wood-
medicine (which is kept or sold in the
lump), as medicinal roots, bark and the
like, not leaves, bulbs, stones, or animal
powders (= i(li)-Quzu; cp. i(li)-Kambi) ;
also applied in an especial sense to the
i(li)-Doyi.

.V./). Amakubalo are eaten always upou
the death of one of the family, iu order to
strengthen against ill-effects that might
otherwise follow. They must be eaten before
any food is taken Thus, should a person
die in a kraal, amakubalo must be eaten by
all the remaining inmates thereof, except in
the case of a wife, when only the children
of her hut take the medicine, she being eaten
for, of course, by all the members of her
own parental kraal. Op. um-Lairr.

i(li)-Kubalo lezinkobe (Khtibalo), ?i. Certain
small veldt-plant, having a tiny violet
flower on a long stalk.

um-Kubampofu (Khubampofu), n. 5. = urn-
Kumampofu.

Kubaza (Khubaza),v. Injure, harm, hart
a person (ace.) by wounding in battle
or an accident (used only of cut flesh
wounds or ama-Nxeba, not of healable
fractures, or knocks with a blunt in-
strument); injure seriously, or chroni-
cally, as an umtakati might a person
(ace.) by rendering him incurably in-
firm. Cp. kubala.

Kubazeka (Khubazeka), v. = kubala.

Kubeka (Khubeka),v. Get tripped up,
by a tree-root or a projecting stone
the way (cp. quzuka); get tripped up,
or caught, in one's speech, as when lie
has inadvertently let out a compromis-
ing statement. See kuba.

Kube kupela (Kube kuphela). That's all,
that and nothing more, that's the long
and short of it.

Kubela (Khubela), v. Keep or drive off
the calves (ace.) from their mothers
during milking-time, gen. by tapping
them on the foot or head; also some-
times used for kubala.

i-nKubele (s. k.), n. One wounded, or in-
jured in the flesh (not mortally, though
riously), as in a fight or accident;
"iie who survives from a serious disease
(whether during convalescence, or from
in'- chronic harm resulting therefrom );

as
on

certain shrub, having a white umbel of
flowers.

Ex. asina nkitbele lesi'sifo, that disease has
no convalescent, no recoverer, i.e. is incur-
able, fatal.

ubu-Kubele (Khubele),n. State of being
as above; pain, or the inflammation and
suppuration causing same, in a wound
that has not healed well; certain herb,
with a raceme of white flowerlets, used
medicinally for allaying the pain of
toothache, etc.

Kube ng'unapakade (Kubeny'unaphakade),
= the following.

Kube pakade (Kube phakade), adv. It be
long, long hence, equivalent to Eng.
'for ever' (the thought not being of
eternity, but of an incalculably long time,
the end of which is not cognisable).

Kube yiloku (Kube yilokhu), etc. — Yilo,

Yilokn, etc.
Kube sokuba kupela (Kube sokuba kuphe-
la), = kube kupela.
Kubi (s. k.), adv. = kabi.
Kubo (s. k.), prepositional noun, and pro//.
To them; his or their kraal or home;
his or their clan or country.

Ex. us'eye kubo, he has now gone home.
kwe/ixi/ra kubo fo/co, that is done in his
country or among his tribe.
i(li)-Kubo (s.k.),n. A siding with one's
own party, partiality for one's own side,
as in a dispute or matter for sympathy;
a home, home-kraal.

Ex. llbi Umbo, it is wrong to indiscrimi-
nately favour one's own.

umuntii onr/cna kubo, a person who has no
home (which he can call his own).

mus'ukwenxa Umbo, you shouldn't show
partiality or favour towards your own side.

Kubula (Khubula), v. Go over a field (ace.)
a second time, as when re-sowing it, or
going over it again in search of pota-
toes after it has already once been dug
up = kopoza.

Kubungula (Khubungula),v. Go digging
all about a field or the veldt in search
of food, roots, etc. Cp. gqalakasha.

Kuca, ukuti (Khuca, ukuthi), v. = kuca.

Kuca (Khuca), v. Scowl, frown, as at a
person (ace. with ela form) = kunca,
kwaca.

Kucu, ukuti (Khucu, ukuthi), v. = kucuka;
kucuza.

Kucuka (Khueuka), v. Get cleared away
i. e. taken off or removed completely, as
rubbish from a kraal, goods from out
of a hut, remains of food (dinging to a

KU

3?5>

KU

pot, or crops in a river-side field by a
flood ; get cleared out, made go off
entirely, as people from a hut or kraal
= uktiti kucu; cp. kotuluka.

Kuculula (Khuculula), v. = kucnza.

Kucuza (Khucuza), v. Clear away i. e. take
off or remove completely, as a person
rubbish (ace), etc., as above; clear out,
as people, as above = vkuti kucu; cp.
kotulula.

Kude (s. k.), prep. Far, far off, a long way,
far from (with na or ku) [Her. ko-kure;
MZT. Suk. kule; Bo. Ngn. hale; Ru.
kulele; Nyamb. halt; Gu. kula; Ko. ku-
kala; Ga. wala\.

Ex. kukude oTukela, it is for to the Tukela.
kukude kangakanani kini? how far is it
to your kraal or district?

Kudebuduze (s. k.), adv. In a short time,
soon, it won't be long before (used with

' prefix appropriate to the noun or subj.
of verb).

Ex. kukudebuduxe afike, it is a short time
and he will arrive.

le'ndhlu ikudcbtuhr.r iwe, this hut it won't
he long before it falls.

Kudumala (Khudumala), v. = fudumala.

isi-Kudumezi (Khudumezi), n. Sultriness,
closeness, oppressiveness of atmosphere,
as on a hot moist cloudy day on the
coast = isi-Fudumezi ; cp. isi-Kulu; is-
Amvu.

Ex. libalcle isikudumezi iiamhla, it (the
sun) is sultry to-day.

Kuhla (Khuhla), v. Rub vigorously, as a
window or table (ace.) with a cloth when
cleaning it (cp. shikisha; hlikihla); rub
into or over vigorously, as the body
(ace.) with medicine or ointment (cp.
gcoba); scrub, scour, as a floor with a
scrubbing-brush or sand; brush hard,
in a scrubbing manner, as a coat to re-
move a stain or mud, or a pair of boots
when polishing them (cp. hlangula);
scrape or rub hard, as the flesh-side of
a hide with a prickly aloe-leaf to remove
any remnants of the inner-skin after
they have been scraped up by the iron
(cp. pala) [Her. kura, scrape].

isi or um-Kuhlakuhla (Khuhlakhuhla), n. 5.
Person who rubs about in the same
place i. e. a confirmed invalid, one who
from chronic infirmity is kept in his hut
or bed = isi-Shelashela.

Kuhlakuhleka (Khuhlakhuhleka), v. = ku-
hlazeka.

um-Kuhlane (Khuhlane), n. 5. General
name for any acute disease accompanied
by fever, etc., such as ague, influenza,

enteric, small-pox, pneumonia, pleurisy,
severe cold, etc. [Sw. uktmguru, malaria].
Kuhlaza (Khuhlaza), v. Keep rubbing
about on one spot, as an infirm or in-
dolent person, or a pig wallowing. Op.
kuhla.

Kuhlazeka (Khuhlazeka), v. Get made to
rub or shuffle about in one spot, as
above ; get made to shuffle along or
move along only slowly, i. e. get bur-
dened or weighed down with a heavy
load = kuhlakuhleka.

Kuhle (s. k.), adv. It were well (with uku-
ba); it is well, proper, good, etc.; well
(= kahle); also idiomatically used to
express 'just like' (= njenga — see hla).

Kuhle, ukuti (Khuhle, ukuthi), v. Be dense,
thick, heavy, as a pitchy darkness, a
heavy fog, or a dense smoke.

Kuhleka (Khuhleka),v. Get rubbed, scrub-
bed, brushed, scraped, etc., as above -
see kuhla.

Phr. uku-kuhleka ngendhlu (or ngomuxd),
to get rubbed by the hut-floor (or that of
the kraal), i.e. to be kept sitting contin-
ually at home, as one chronically infirm.

uku-kuhleka ngesihlati pantsi, to get rub-
bed by the cheek on the ground, *'. e. to be
always lying down, from sickness or in-
dolence; also with uku-pika to express 'to
deny flatly, positively, absolutely.'

isi-Kuhlekuhle (Khuhlekhuhle),n. Anything
dense, thick, heavy, as above — see
ukuti kuhle.

Kuhlu, ukuti (Khuhlu, ukuthi), v. = ku-
hluka; kuhluza.

i-nKuhlu (s.k.), n. Belly when swollen from
an unexpected pregnancy, as in a girl
who has had unlawful intercourse, or
in a woman whom one did not know to be
in child = i-nGurru; cp. u-Ngiyakusho.

um- Kuhlu (Khuhlu), n. 5. Certain tree
(Strychnos Mackenii) bearing a non-
edible fruit resembling the i(li)-Hlala,
and used medicinally for stomach com-
plaints, as an intelezi against lightning,
and for making domestic vessels (—isi-
Tonga, um-Guhiguza); also (N. fr. Xo. )
Natal mahogany tree (Trichilt 'a emetica),
bearing large red-and-black bean-like
seeds.

Kuhluka (Khuhluka), v. Get swelled out,
be swollen up, as the belly from dropsy
or pregnancy, or the cheek from, tooth-
ache; be swelled at, i.e. pout, the mouth
(umlomo), as an angry man [Her sura,
swell].

Ex. saqabuka ngokukuhhcka bwesisu, we
noticed it first by the swelling out of the
belly — freq. said of a girl become pregnani

KU

326

KU

through unlawful intercourse, wherefore
children of such a birth are frequently
named u-Nkuhht.

Kuhluza (Khuhluza), v. = kuhla; also
'scrape out' a calabash (ace.) by in-
troducing sharp stones inside, which,
by being vigorously rattled about,
bring off the bits of dry pulp and skin
still remaining inside.

Kuko (Kukho), conj. Whether — or (with
indie, mood of verb).

Ex. yisho pela, kuko uyavuma, kuku ka-
mtvumi, yini >ta? say then, whether you
Agree, or not.

u(lu)-Kuko (Khukho),n. Sleeping-mat (=
i(li)-Cantsi)\ anything broadly, largely
spread out, as a large field, or a great
number of sheep covering a tract of
land; ceiling-mat or i(li)-Nxadi when
made of i-nDuli grass [Sw. Ga. m-keka,
sleeping-mat; Bo. >mi-keka].

i(li) or isi-Kuku (Khukhu),n. Species of
rough-leafed grass growing in damp
places (= i(h)-Kukuboya) ; small bag
made of a cow's bladder or of woven
palm-leaves, for carrying the snuff-box,
preserving izi-nJobo, etc. ( = i(li)-Kiki,
isi-Kwama); hence, pocket, of clothing;
also = i(li)-Ququ; also = i(li)-Kupu
[Sw. mfuko, pocket].

i-nKuku (s.k.),n. Fowl; certain plant,
whose root is used as an emetic [Skr.
kukkuta, fowl; Sin. kukula; Kag. San.
nkuku; Sw. kuku; Ga. nkoko; Reg.
ngofco] Her. o-ndyuhua; At. akiko;
Maf. mankoko],

I'hr. iitkiiku isikwe umlomo, the fowl has
bad its beak cut off — said of a noisy talker
who has been silenced (N i.

i(li)-Kukuboya (Kliukhuboya), n. Species of
grass, as above = i(li)-Kuku.

isi-Kukuboya (Khukhuboya), n. Kind of
wild-fig tree, having small hairy fruit.
Cp. mn-Kiwane.

Kukuka (Khukhuka), v. Get swept away,
etc. see kukula — kukuleka.

i-nKukukazi (s.k.),n. Hen = isi-Kukukazi.

isi-Kukukazi (Khukhukazi), n. = i-nKuku-

I.'IZ'i.

isi-Kukuku (Khukhukhu), n. Kind of edible
nettle < 1-mBati); echinus or sea-
urchin i ameva olwandhle) -- used
for purposes of takata and supposed
t<> cause the body to swell to an im-
mense siz** ; the disease so caused, prob.
dropsy in seine form (cp. i(li)-Qanga-
ay immensely stout person (= isi-
Kukulugu ) ; a person who gets quickly
'nettled' or angry, as at anything one.
mighl Bay < cp. irt-Fifane).

Kukula (Khxikhula), v. Carry or sweep
away in an extended raking manner, as
a rush of water might any rubbish,
crops, etc., (ace.) in its course, or a har-
row7 carrying before it the weeds in a
field (= fufula); clear of (neut.), go off
'bodily', with everything, as a family
when removing from one locality to
another, an impi that has over-run a
district, or a dancing-party merely mov-
ing bodily away to give place to another,
as at a wedding; clear up, clear away
(neut.), as labourers who, having finish-
ed their job, clear up and depart with
all their belongings [MZT. kunka, flow;
Sw. kumba, sweep away].

isi- Kukula (Khukhula), n. Heavy down-
pour of rain, such as sweeps away all
light things lying about; temporary
sweeping rush of water, torrent, freshet,
as is caused in mountain-kloofs and
ditches by such a rain; great mass or
multitude of men, cattle, etc., going along,
as it were, in a sweeping mass, as an
army or hunt.

Ex. bafika kway'isikukula, they arrived in
a sweeping crowd.

u-Kukulelangoqo (Khukhulelangoqo),n. A
universal driving along or bringing up
of the whole common herd, as to the
king's kraal at an um-Kosi, or for being
sent out on the war-path, nobody being
left at home but females and children ;
sometimes = u-Ngoqo.

Ex. impi ka'kukulelangoqo, an army raked
together of the whole population indiscrimi-
nately, as above.

isi-Kukulugu (Khukhulugu), n. Immensely
big, stout person = i(li)-Bibi, ama-Fu-
fununu, ama-Fundululu, isi-Kukuku.

Kukumala (Khukhumala), v. Swell, ex-
pand, be puffed up, or grow big from
inflation, as a balloon when being filled,
bread when rising, or beans when soak-
ing; hence, swell in numbers, as any
body of people; swell, be inflated or
puffed up with self-conceit, pride, and
the like ; swrell, as a cat or leopard when
putting up its back in anger; hence,
'get one's back up', have one's temper
ruffled, become angry (mostly used in
pert'.).

Ex. us'ekukumele, ugoba ngati kuye, he
has now got his hair up, because I said ( so-
and-so) to him.

Kukumeza (Khukhumeza), v. Make swell
up, puff up, inflate, as above, in any
sense.

Ex. nku-xi-kvlmmeza, to puff oneself up,
make or think a lot of oneself.

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Kukusa (Khukhttsa), v. Take and make
off with a thing (with na), as when
purloining it.

Kukuza (Khukhuza), r. Scrape away by a
small scratching motion, as mud (ace.)
from the coat with the finger-nail, or
paint from a door or burnt crust from
a pot with a piece of tin (not scrape by
long single scrapes = pala; or scratch
by long-drawn scratches = htvaya);
scrape or scratch off with the teeth, i. e.
nibble, pick, as a person might the bits
of meat (ace.) from a bone (ace), or the
pulp remaining attached to a fruit-stone;
(C.N.) suck, as a peach [Her. kurura,
scrape].

Ex. wakukuxwa ingwe, he was picked clean
by a leopard i. e. had the flesh torn clean
off from the bones.

i-nKukwazana (s.k.), n. A small hen =

isi-Kukivazana.
isi-Kukwazana (Khukhwazana), n. = i-nKu-

kwazana.

Kula (Khula), v. Grow, increase in size
or magnitude, as a person, tree, or af-
fair ; rise, as a river [Skr. tu, increase ;
( \\\ phuo, I grow ; Ar. kibir, grow up ;
Hi. ugna, grow; Ga. Bo. kula; Sw. kua;
Her. kura; MZT. vula, increase; At.
ivu, grow].

Ex. umHlatuxe itb'ukula, usuka ixilundh&u,
the Umblatuze was risiug in towering masses,
coining down in great waves.

us'ekulile manje, be is now grown up (i.e.
is now a vouug man or woman, no longer
a child).

u(lu)-Kula (Khula — no plur.>, n. Weed or
weeds; pluv. izi-nKula (s. k.), separate
masses of weeds, as in two different
fields f Sw. ki-r/ugu, weed ; Her. zukura,
weed].

Kulata (Khulatha), v. Fix in or make firm
the assegai-blade in the shaft.

i-nKulati (Kulathi), n. Material used for
fixing in an assegai-blade into the shaft
(see kulata), whether it be the i-nGcino
put into the hole, or the piece of skin
used exteriorly for binding.

Kuleka (Khuleka),v. Salute a person (with
ku) from respect, as does a man upon
first arriving in a kraal, or when pass-
ing a superior on the road, gen. by
saying el 'mngane,! or mnumzana! or
nJcosi! (i. e. hail friend, ! sir,! or lord!)
- not to welcome or greet, as the per-
son on the spot might him arriving or
passing (= bingelela, takazela); hence,
(M) do reverence to by voice, adore, as
one adoring God (with ku); humbly or
respectfully request or beg a thing (ace.)

of a person (with ku); hence, (M) pray.
utter a petition (for which this is the
best word); tie up, as to a peg, a calf
(ace), goat, etc., by a grass-rope or isi-
Singa bound round the leg; keep or
hold fast a person (ace.) to bis word
( with ku or loc.) when he wants to get
free from it or deny it [Mao. karakia,
pray; Her. kumba, pray].

Kulela (Khulela), v. Grow up at, with, etc.
( with ku, na, etc.), as a child ; increase
or grow for, as any affliction, weeds, a
child in the womb, etc. (gen. transposed
into passive form ).

Ex. ngiktdelwe icala, I am increased for
by a law-suit, i. c. it is being worked with
vigour against me, it has become serious for
me.

us'ekulelwe, she is increased for ( by the
child in the womb) i.e. is advanced in preg-
nancy (not used of cattle — for which mita
is used] = tis'1 'em it i.

iikx-xi-kulcla, to grow up of oneself or it-
self, without the aid of anybody.

Kulelana (Khulelana), v. Grow big mutu-
ally, as below.

Ex. sekulculelene esiswini, it i the different
kinds of food I have been mixing together)
has swollen up together (causing flatulen

i-nKulelane (s.k.), n. Person who has been
adopted and grown up in a strange
kraal, having no home of his own.

Kulisa (Klmlisa), v. Make grow or grow
up, rear, nurture, being up, as a mother
or father their child (ace); have children
at long intervals, as below ; make great,
magnify, as an affair (ace).

Ex. uyakulisa lo'mfaxi, this wife lets grow
big ( the previous child before she has another .
i.e. she has children at long intervals apart.
See qanddsela.

i-nKulisabantwana (s.k.;s.t.),n. One who
makes grow up little children applied
to a man who playfully poses as the
prospective husband of some little child.

Kulo, Kuloku (Kulokhu), etc. Yilo.

Ex. kuloku kwahlaselwa, it is continually
being off to the war. always invading some-
where.
Kulu (Khulu),adj. Large, in size; great,
in importance; much, in quantity (the
thought, however, referring to the 'large-
ness') [Skr. sthula, massive; Ar. kr-
bir, great; (la. kulu: Sw. kuu; Her.
kura, grow).

Ex. umuntu mukuhi. a great person whe-
ther in rank or size).

umoya mukulu l:>'//". tin wind is Btrong,
powerful, there.

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ngixa ngendaba enktdu, I come concerning
an important affair.

kicalxi utshtoala obukulu, it was a great
boor i. e. there was a great quantity of it.

ngabona okukulu, I saw a great sight — as
might be said of any spectacle, event, or ex-
perience of an unusual, surprising nature.

Phr. us'e'ntlixiyo'nkulu, he is now of a big
heart. /. 6. swollen with anger.

umkulu, ungangentaba, ungangoMpehlela
noMaqtcakaxi, he is big, he's as big as a
mountain, as big as Mpehlela and Maqwa-
ka/i (two mountains in Zululand).

u-Kulu (Khulu), n. = u-Koko.

i(li)-Kulu (Khulu), n. Hundred [Her. dubu,
hundred; Ef. ikie].

isi-Kulu (Khulu), n. Great, important, high-
class person (in the Zulu court) — gen.
indicating one who had no actual offi-
cial position, distinguished merely by
birth or court favour; hence, also in a
general sense. Cp. isi-Lomo; i-nDuna.

ubu-Kulu (Khulu), n. Greatness, in size,
quantity, etc.

u-Kulukulwane (Khulukhulwane), n. = u-
Kokologo.

Kulukutela (Khulukuthela), v. Run throw-
ing oneself heavily along overburdened
by one's own weight, roll lumberingly
along, as a big stout person, elephant,
or fat pig running heavily down a hill.

Kulukutu, ukuti (Khuhikuthu, ukuthi),v. =
kulukutela.

isi-Kulukutu (Khuhikuthu), n. Fat, heavy-
bodied, lumbersome person or animal,
as an elephant or fat pig; a serious,
ugly affair, as when any member of the
kraal has committed a disgraceful crime.

Kulula (Khulula), v. Set free; hence, re-
lease or deliver, as a person (ace.) from
bondage ( properly only of the deliverer,
not of the capturer allowing to go — see
yeka ) ; let loose, unloose, untie, as a
horse or bullock tied up (not slacken —
xeketisa; nor undo a knot — see tu-
huluhi ) ; get a person (ace.) out of a
difficulty, as by speaking on his behalf;
gather or hoe up izi-nDhhibu (not used
of other crops). Cp. hlangulisa; opula
filer, kutura, set free; Ga. lokola, de-
liver].

i-nKululeko (s.k.),n. A getting set free, a
freeing - hence, (M) redemption, eman-
cipation.

um-Kululi (Khululi), n. 1. Redeemer (M).

Kululu, ukuti (Khululu, ukuthi), v. Be sor-
rowful, sad at heart.

i(li)-Kululu (Khululu), n. Flea (more pro-
perly that variety affecting dogs) =
i(li)-Zeze, i-n Twakumba.

Kuluma (Khuluma), v. Speak, talk [Gr.
homileo, I discourse; hulao, I howl;
Lat. loquor, I speak; Ar. kellim, speak
to; kaldm, talk; Kag. kulonga, say; Go.
kalonga; Ngu. Ze. longa; Ga. iogerra,
speak; Sw. sema; Her. hungira; Ibo.
ku].

Ex. ngiyakuluma yiiri? do I speak, you
think? — used to emphasize surprise, feeling,
etc., at any occurrence being talked about.

Phr. uku-kuluma ngapandhle kirexandhla,
to speak without authorisation, permission,
etc., as when adding anything to a message
or order.

uti ngikuluma'xwi linye, ngiyayalela, yini?
you think I should speak only one word,
am I then breathing my last, or what? —
said indignantly by a person to another who
is taunting him with speaking differently
now to what he did before.

i-nKulumana (s.k.), n. White rhinoceros
= um-Kombe; cp. isi-Bejane.

i-nKulumandaor Kulumandhlafs.^, n. Very
aged person ' who never gets to die ' ;
child remaining in the womb long after
it was due for delivery; a false preg-
nancy L e. abnormally swollen belly from
uterine disease (see i(li)-Qangane) (N).

Kulumela (Khulumela), v. Speak i. e. in-
tercede for, as to a chief (loc. or ku)
on behalf of a person (ace).

Ex. ngikulumela kona (or yena), I speak
for that very purpose (or precisely for him).

uku-kulumela pezulu for pantsi), to speak
loudly (or lowly, softly).

uyaxikulumela nje, he is only talking to
or for himself, i.e. nobody else is minding
what he says, it is of no account what he
is saying.

isi-Kulumi (Khulumi), n. Loquacious per-
son.

Kulumisa (Khulumisa), v. Cause a person
(ace.) to speak, i. e. attack or excite him
with irritating talk, so that he too begins
and quarrelling ensues.

Ex. ivamkulumisela-iii? ngawamyeka nje,
what did you bother him ( with talk ) for ?
you ought just to have left him alone.

baloku bekuluniisana, kwasa, they are
always at one another, always giving each
other cause to speak, i. e. talking excitingly
to one another, scolding, quarrelling.

i-nKulungu (s.k.),n. Fatty meat broth
thickened into lumps by the addition of
dry ground mealies or amabele, and
eaten chiefly by men.

Kulung'uba (s.k.). It were well, proper,
better if or that (with subj.).

i-nKulungwane (s.k.),n. Ten amakulu, i.e.
a thousand.

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um-Ku\ungwar\e(K/>i//>/»(/n'n»r), »..'>. Night
howl of a dog (not of its howling from
a blow — see kala ) used with hlaba.
See um-Godoyi.

Kulupala (Khuluphala), <}. Be or get in
prime, plumply fat condition (used in
perf.); fill out with abundance of flesh in-
to good condition, as any man or animal
previously thin (not used of a hugely,
excessively fat thing = zimuka). Cp.
nona; nonopala [Mo. ulupale, large].

Ex. us'ekulupele, he has now hecome fat
or has filled out with flesh, he is now fat
or in prime condition ; u&imukdle, lie is fat
( )'. r. hugely so, and without any reference
to previous thinness).

Kulupalisa (Khuluphalisa), v. Fatten, make
get fat or in good condition, as nourish-
ing food a person or animal (ace).

isi-Kulutshane (Khulutshane), n. Regiment
formed by Dingane after and supple-
mentary to the um-Kulutshane = u-Nda-
bakadengizibone.

um-Kulutshane (Khulutshane), n. 5. Regi-
ment or member thereof, formed by
Dingane next after the u(lu)-Dhlambe-
dhlu = i-nDhlavini, i-mVokwe.

um-Kuluwe (Khuluwe), n. 1. Elder brother
(used chiefly, though only rarely, by
women, in conjunct, with wami, etc. ) =
um-Ne.

Kuma (Khuma), v. Eat anything (ace.) of
the nature of an i-nKumunkumu. Cp.
kumuza.

i-nKumabulongwe (s.k.),n. Stupid, sim-
pleton of a person; (C.N.) fire-fly (=
i-nKanyezi ).

i(li)-Kumalo (Khumalo), n. Certain thorny
bush, whose pea-like seeds (= is-Antlo-
ko) are worn as an ornament.

um-Kumampofu (Khumampofu), n. 5. Cer-
tain yellowish kind of very soft, crum-
bling stone = um-Kubampofu; cp. u(lu)-
Kete; um-Kumenge.

i-nKumamungu (s.k.),n. Child born at
the time of threshing the amabele.

Kumanca or Kumancana (Khumanca), v.
Lump together in a friable mass or cake,
as Kafir-corn when damp in the pit, or
(by comparison) the uncooked lump
inside a piece of Kafir bread when dry.

um-Kumanca (Khumanca), n. 5. Friable
lump or cake, as above.

Ex. lesi'sinkwa sinomkumanca, this bread
(Kafir, boiled of mealies) is uncooked in
the centre, is merely a lump of dry friable
meal.
i-nKumankenke (s.k.),n. = i-nKumunku-
mu; um-Kumenge; silly grinning person;

the pudenda femince when rxpospd
(used jocularly). See kuma.

i(li)-Kumba (Khumbha), n. (C.N) = /-
nKumba.

i-nKumba (Kumbha), n. Shell, as of any
fish, snail, etc. Cp. u(lu)-Cimo [Gr. kmt>-
bos, hollow; Lat. concha, shell; Hi. ka-
uri, small kind of shell; Ha. kurdi (pi.
of uri), shells; Sw.kombe, mollusc-shell;
Ga. sonko, sea-shell].

isi-Kumba (Khumbha), n. Skin, generally;
hide (cp. um-Ncishanja); also (N.) =
um-Beko, isi-Godo [Sw. sku, cover; Eat.
cutis, skin; squama, scale; Hi. chamra,
skin; Gr. humen, membrane; Ro. si-
tumba, skin ; Nyo. tiumbc, skin-mantle ;
Her. o-ndumbua, woman's mantle; omu-
kova, skin; Sw. gome, skin of fruit; Ga.
diba, skin ; Mai. kulit].

Kumbe (Kumbhe), adv. = mhlawumbe.

i(li)-Kumbe (Kumbhe), n, Expectation of
some possible good (with dhla) (C.N.).

um-Kumbe (Khumbhe), n. 5. Small kind of
reddish buck, living in forests.

Kumbela (Khumbhela), v. Be bowed, curv-
ed, bent out elliptically, as the legs of
a bandy man, or the ends of an oval-
shaped thing (used in" perf. /

i(li)-Kumbi (Khumbhi), n. ImBubu grass
strung together at one end so as to re-
semble a length of fringe, and so used
for thatching huts.

i-nKumbi (Kumbhi), n. Locust = isi-Ko-
nyane.

um-Kumbi (Khuumbhi),n. 5. Any long
narrow trough-like thing, as a deep nar-
row meat-tray, pig-trough, etc. (-- um-
Kombe); hence, ship (cp. isi-Kebe); a
completed circle, as formed b.y a lot of
men standing or sitting in a ring (for a
semi-circle, see u(lu)-Gomela) — used
with shaya or aka [Gr. kumbos, hollow ;
Lat. concha, shell ; Hi. kauri, shell ; A. S.
comb, hollow ; Sw. komba, to hollow ; Ga.
kufu, hollow].

u(lu)-Kumbi (Khumbhi), n. Water-edge, as
of river or sea = u(lu)-Gu, u(lu)-Sebe
[Ga. mumbilizi, river-bank; Her. omu-
kuro].

isi-Kumbu (Khtimbhu), n. Any low hollow
between hills, whether dry or marshy
(C.N. ). Cp. isi-Ktimbuzi.

um-Kumbu (Khumbhu), n. 5. (C.N.) = um-
Kumbi .

Kumbula (Khumbhula), r. Remember; re-
collect; call to mind, in any sense [Sw.
kumbuka, remember; Her. kumbura, be-
lieve; Ga. dnkirra, remember].

Ex. ngasengikumbula ukuti kanti ng'uye

/

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330

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owangisixayo, then I thought (or called into
my mind) now it was he, who had helped
me.

jiyamkumbula ubaba, I am now tilled
with thoughts i remembrance?) of my father,
as when home-sick.

wox'ungikumbule, lapo ngingaseko, you will
come to think of me, when I am no more.

um-Kumbulo (Khumbhulo), re. o. Memorial,
as a heap of stones ( C.N.).

Kumbuza (Khumbhuza), v. Cause to remem-
ber i.e. remind a person of anything
(doub. ace, or with nga of object).

l'hr. ttngikumbtiza amaliba, you remind
me of graves i, e. dead bodies — said to check
<>ne talking about those who are dead.

isi-Kumbuzi (Khumbkuzi), n. Deep basin-
like valley, surrounded by elevated land,
and consequently generally hot and sul-
try ( isirHopoca, isi-Kopoca, isi-Gisi);
also i-nGoni.

isi-Kumbuziso (Khi(mbhuziso),n. Thing to
cause remembrance, memorial, remind-
ing-token.

i-nKume ($.k.),n. Centipede, of which there
are several varieties.

P. uyakulutexa ukuni olunenfcume, he will
he gathering a fire-log with a centipede in it
said to check one from irritating a bad-
tempered man whom he had better leave
alone.

um-Kume (8.k.),n.5. Person (male or
female ) barren, not giving birth, from
im potency (cp. i-Nyumba); old rogue
buffalo bull, generally going alone and
very wild through having been driven
>»ff from the cows by the more powerful
bulls (cp. isi-Guqa); also = um-Gunte.

um-Kumenp:e (Khumenge), n. 5. = i-nKu-
munkumu; certain slaty stone or shale
(cp. n(l>()-Ketc; um-Kumampofu).

um-Kumiso (Kim huso), re. 5. Roots, bark,
etc., mixed with powdered waxbills (see
l(U)-Ntiyane), etc., and administered to
cattle, goats, etc., as a tonic or condition-
powder = um-Tusi; Cp. tim-Latve.

Kumu, ukuti (Khurnu, ukuthi), v. = kumu-
za; kumuzeka.

um-Kumu (Klnmiu), n. J. = um-Komo.

Kumuka (Khumuka). v. Get taken off, come
off (gen. of itself), as the rope from
round a bullock's horns, or a string that
-lips oft' a bundle ; get taken out or from,
come out or from (gen. of itself), as an
ox from iis yoke, a nail from a wall, a
tooth falling from the gum, or men get-
ting released from work. See kumula.

Ex. boxa balm make wind? when will they
• let free from work?

its'ekumukilr amaxinyo, he has already
shed his teeth ( from age, etc. ).

Kumula (Khumula), v. Take off anything
that enwraps or binds a thing, e.g. the
rope (ace.) round a bullock's horns, the
string that binds a parcel, or the clothes
that enwrap one's body; take out or
from, as a thing (ace.) so bound up or
enwrapped, as the bullock from its bind-
ings, a nail from a wall, or a person's
tooth ( see kipa ) ; take out i. e. gather,
as ground-nuts (ace), i-nDhlubu, etc.;
wean, as a child (= lumula) [Her. ku-
tura, loosen; Sw. fumua, loosen].

Ex. ikumule-pi inqola ? where is the wagon
out-spanned?

bamkumula ixmgubo, they stripped him
of his clothes.

um-Kumuladolo (Khumuladolo), re. 5.
Weighty affair, important case {lit. one
that loosens the knees ) (C.N.).

i-nKumunkumu (s.k.),n. Thing of a dry,
crumbling nature, easily breakable or
crumbling up into small particles, as a
lump of dry porridge, biscuit, dry pud-
ding, dry soap or suet, the body of a
clay pot after the outside polish has
gone of, or some kinds of soft stone or
shale = i-nKuzunkuzu, i-nKumankenke,
um-Kumenge; cp. kuma; kumuza.

Kumusha (Khumusha), v. Interpret (C.N.
fr. Xo.).

Ku'muva, or Ku'mveni (s. k.), adv. It. is
(or was) afterwrards.

Kumuza (Khunvuza), v. Crumble or break
up (trans.) into small particles (not in-
to a mash or fine powder — see tubuza),
as anything (ace.) of a dry, crumbling
or easily chippable nature, e. g. a biscuit,
dry clay, hard wax-candle or suet, or
shaly stone = ukuti kumu; cp. kuma;
ukuti tubu; i-nKumunkumu.

Kumuzeka (Khumuzeka), v. Get so crum-
bled or broken up, as above; be of a
dry, crumbling, easily chippable nature,
readily breaking up into small particles
— see kumuza.

Ex. isikela la/mi selakumuxeka, my sickle
has already got the teeth crumbled {i.e.
worn or broken ) off.

Kuna (Khuna), v. Be in a bad temper (at
heart), in a bad humour, be in a cross
surly mood (used in perf. ) = kunta,
kuta; cp. u(lu)-Kutu.

Kuna (s. k. — from ku with na), conj. Than,
between (only in the sense of comparing
things).

Ex. kuhle okwako kunokwami, yours is
better than mine.

KU 331

wngvna'kuketa kunawe naye, I am not go-
ing to make a choice between you and him.

i-nKuna (s.k.),n. Old thatch, such as is
removed from an old hut ; old dirt thick-
ly covering the body of a boy who
doesn't wash (cp. i-nGxepu).

isi-Kuna (Khuna), n. Amasi-gourd when
filthy with um-Kuna, as is frequently
that used for an infant; the amasi con-
tained in such a vessel; a beer-pot simi-
larly filthy with dried beer about the
sides; (C.N.) = um-Qungo.

um-Kuna (Khuna), n. 5. Filth of old ama-
si thick on the sides of an uncleaned
milk-gourd. Cp. i-nKuna.

Kunca, ukuti (Khunca, ukuthi), v.= kunca.

Kunca (Khunca), v. = kuca.

i-nKundhla (s.k.),n. Any permanent isi-
Kundhla q. v. that is, one which, by
long use, has become fixed or appro-
priated to its purpose ( whereas a simple
isi-Kundhla might be one casually or
momentarily made, being merely the
place or thing itself).

isi-Kundhla (Khundhla), n. Place, as ap-
propriated by any particular person or
animal or for any particular purpose,
as for sitting or resting on outside the
kraal or within a hut; or for dancing
upon; or for dwelling upon, as the
lair of a wild-beast, or the nest of a
sitting hen; or for employing oneself
in, as an official employment or berth
(= isi-Gcawu; cp. i-n-Kundhla. See isi-
Dikwe); plur. izi-nKundhla, blood which
passes from a woman after childbirth.

isi-Kundhlwana (Khundhhvana), n. A child
up to about eight or nine years of age
— used bjr elders of any young person,
of either sex, up to the time of marriage.

Kunga (Khunga), v. Tie hangingly on by
a long string or rope, tie up or tether,
as a horse to a tree (loc. after ela form),
a pig by the leg when driving it, a
bullock to the yoke during night, or
any article or bundle when suspending
it by a string from the roof (cp. bopa);
hang on to, hold or stick fast to, as a
boy to the reim (arc, <>r ku with ela
form) when the bullock is running
away, or a hunter following close after
a pursued buck (ace), or a person keep-
ing fast to a friend (ace.) when travel-
ling in an unknown locality (cp.jinga;
t kontsa); 'tie up' a child (ace.) i.e.
I make fast its ties of relationship bjr
I making it a present of a goat, beads,
H etc., on the occasion of its first visit
in life, as would a man or woman to
his or her grandchild, • nephew or
niece, or as a father or elder brother

KU

would to a child or sister (ace) who
had become an um-Ngoma, upon her
first visit after initiation.

Ex. isi<itil>i< aikungiwe (or sitiwe kungt
or eikungelwe) emshayweni, the gourd i*
tic<l hanging to the rafter.

inkomo ngiyikimgile eximpondweni, nga-
yikwngela emutini, l have tethered the cow
by the horns to a tree.

uloku engikunyile (ox engite kunge, or
ekungele kimi), lie is always after me (with
some purpose or other).

nyaloku ngikunge for ngikungele) <,,i<t-
njeni, I kept holding fast, hanging on to
the rope.

Kunga (s. k.) = kungati.

Kungaba (s. k.). It may be; sometimes
equivalent to 'perhaps'.

Kungaloku (Kungalokhu) = kungati.

Kungata (Khungatha), v. Make abashed,
confused with shame, as might one's
shyness {izi-nTloni) or his shameful
action ; make perplexed, make be at a
loss as to what to do, as any serious
dilemma.

Kungateka (Khungatheka), v. Get made
abashed, i. e. be abashed or confused
with shame; get made perplexed i. e.
be perplexed or at a loss as to what
to do, as above (used in perf. ).

Kungati (Kungathi). It woidd seem, it
seems; it is as if; it looks like, it is
apparently ( with simple noun ) ; some-
times equivalent to 'about' = sengati.

Ex. kungati mqola, it appears to be a
wagon.

kungati amakidu amabili, say i or, ap-
parently about), two hundred.

Kunge (s.lc). It not being; often equiva-
lent to 'not'.

Ex. kunge yena yedwa, not he aloue.

Kunge, ukuti (Khunge, ukuthi), v. — kunga.

isi-Kungo (Khungo), n. Favourite spot
or haunt, as of a wild-beast, or of a
woman where she habitually goes to
gather firewood; any certain spot,
cover, or form inhabited by game and
which is surrounded and beaten out
by a hunting-party.

i-nKungu (s.k.),n. Mist (of the heavy,
rainy kind), as common in elevated
localities and in rainy weather (not the
stationary morning-mists of the swamps
= um-Lalamvubu ; nor the light morn-
ing travelling mist = i-nKwezane) =
is-Alufe [Sw. kungu, mist; Her. o-
mbundu].

u(lu)-Kungwane (Khungwane), n. (C.N.,)
= i(li)-Hlwdbusi.

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isi-Kuni (Khuni), n. Partially burnt or
still burning firebrand, such as one
uses for conveying fire from one hut
to another.

P. iaiktmi sibttye nomktoexeli, the lighted
firebrand has returned with the one tending
the fire — said of one who while attempting
wrong, lias been injured himself; the biter
lias been bitten; he burnt his own fingers.

u(lu)-Kuni (Khuni). ». Any handable piece
or lump of wood (whether a small stick,
branch, or log) already dry and suitable
for firewood; plur. izi-nKuni (s.k.), fire-
wood (generally) [Skr. guru, hard;
Sw. gumu, hard; fount, firewood; Ga.
nku, firewood; Her. oni-kune, log of
firewood; Nyanye. n-hui, firewood].

Ex. seiraba Vukutii (at sewaba I'ltkuningo-
milej, lie has now become dried up like a
piece of firewood i.e. merely skiu and bones.

P. ukuni IwaxaVumlota, the fire-log begat
ashes = he brought forth a good-for-nothing
thing i. r. a worthless child.

Kunini (s.k.), adv. It is when? how long
is it since?; also used to express sur-
prise at shortness, or length, of time;
hence, sometimes equivalent to 'how
soon!' or 'it is ever so long, all this
while'.

Ex. kunini wafika? when was it you ar-
rived'.'

kunini uhlexi /ap«, ung'envi 'lido! all this
time (or, it is ever so long) you have been
sitting here doing nothing.

Kunjalo (s.k.), adv. So; in this way; so
it is.

Ex. Lit a i'(/o aamshiya kona, so (or, so it
was i we left him there.

Kunjalonjalo (s. k.), adv. And so it goes
on; and so it just is.

Ex. Jcun/'alonjalo, karumi na'kudhla, and

so it goes on, he won't even eat food.

Kunje (s. k. last syll. accentuated^, adv.

= kunjalo.
isi or ubu-Kunku (Khunku — gen. in plur.,),

//. Very short tooth, whether naturally
grown or as stumps with the top

broken off = isi-Kuba; cp. i-nGovolo

[Her. r-lrnrinii/o, Stump of tooth].

Kunkula (Khunkula), v. = takata.

um-Kunkuli (Khunkuli), n. 1. = um-Takati.

i(ii)-Kunkulo (Khunkulo), n. Rheumatic
elling of the joints, supposed to be
caused by an mn-Takati.

N.B. For the cure of this aud similar
diw ■« Train herbs are mixed into a big

pol ol boiling water. This latter is then
placed close before the patient, who, in a
sitting position, in covered all over, together

with the steaming pot, with a skin or wool-
len blanket, so that a profuse perspiration
is produced. After a time he emerges from
this steam-bath and is sprinkled on the bare
body with other boiling water mixed with
the medicinal decoction in the original pot.
This process is presumably to cause violent
stimulation or shock to the muscular system.
The patient is finally bathed in cold water,
and is said to emerge from the operation
much relieved. This crude method of curing
rheumatism is another example of how cur-
iously near the Native doctors have got to
a rational treatment of disease.

i-nKunkuma (s.k.), n. — see i-Nkunkuma.

i-nKunkumana (s. k.), n. — see i-Nkunku-

mana.
i-nKunkununu (s.k.),n. — i-nGungununu.
Kunkuteka (Khunkutheka), v. Laugh from

the throat, with the mouth closed. Cp.

hleka.

Kunta (Khunta), v. — kuta.

isi-Kunta (Khunta), n. = isi-Kuta.

Kuntanisa (Khuntanisa), v. = kutanisa.

Kuntelana (Khuntelana), v. = kutelana.

Kuntsa, ukuti (Khuntsa, ukuthi), v. = ku-
ntsa.

Kuntsa (Khuntsa), v. Waddle, go with a
waddling gait, as a duck or a stout fe-
male = ukuti kuntsa; kuntsaza; bada-
zela.

Kuntsaza (Khuntsaza), v. = kuntsa.

isi-Kuntsela (Khuntsela), n. Waddling per-
son or thing, as a duck.

Kunula (Khunula), v. — gonula.

Kununda (Khununda), v. = kononda.

i-nKununkunu (s.k.),n. — i-nKununu.

i(li)-Kununu (Khununu),n. Kind of grass,
whose seeds are eaten in time of famine.

i-nKununu (s.k.), n. Slimy dirt or filth,
as collects round unwashed teeth, or
upon river-stones in stagnant water.

i si - Ku n u n u (Khununu), n. = i-n Gununundu.

i-nKununundu (s.k.),n. = i-nGununundu.

isi-Kununundu (Khununundu), n. Shortish
person with a big muscular coarse-look-
ing body.

i(li)-Kunzana (Khunzana), n. Petty chief,
or headman with a few people under
him ( seldom used, and only in jocular
sense ).

i-nKunzana (s.k.),n. Certain bush, bear-
ing red flowers; small ground-weed
(Emex spinosa), about old kraals and
armed with very sharp thorns danger-
ous to Natives walking, and used me-
dicinally for stomach complaints.

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333

KU

i-nKunzi (s.k.Ln. Bull; hence, male ani-
mal, generally (not used of birds — see
i(li)-Qude) [Skr. uksa, bull; Hinz. konzo;
Her. o-nduezu; Kamb. nzao; — cp. Z.
i-nkosi, chief; Bo. m-gosi, bull; Gal. m-
gosia; Sum. Suk. n-gosia; Ha. sa, bull].

Ex. inlcwnxi yehashi (W ihashi lenhunzi),
a stallion.

Phr. libalele elenkaitxi, it is hot with a
bull of sun, -/. e. a powerful sun.

iKjinje iijr, 'mntanetu; ng'onitva inhunxd, I
am just thus, child of ours, I whs spoilt by
the bull ( i. e. in birth ).

Kupa (Khupha),v. = kipa (was formerly
more common than now).

isi-Kupa (Khupha),n. Food of a beany
kind, as i-nDhlubu, peas, etc., cooked
and mixed with niealie or mabele dough
and eaten as a thick dry mass ( cp. isi-
Puputo); bees-bread i.e. pollen mixed
with honey in the cells of young bees
(= isi-Kupashe, isi-Kupati; cp. urn-Ovu);
yolk, of an egg.

isi-Kupankobe (Khuphankobe), n. Certain
bush, bearing black edible berries =
isi-Kup ashane, isi-Kupati.

isi-Kupashane (Khuphashane), n. Certain
marsh-plant, bearing a red-flower ( =
isi- Putu mane); certain bush, bearing-
black edible berries ( = isi-Kupankobe,
isi-Kupati).

isi-Kupashe (Khuphashe), n. Bees-bread
(= isi-Kupa); certain bush (== isi-Ku-
pankobe); (N) lobster, cray-fish.

isi-Kupati (Khuphathi), n. Certain bush
(= isi-Kupa?ikobe); bees-bread (= isi-
Kupa); (N) lobster, cray-fish (= isi-Ku-
pashe).

isi-Kupazana (Khuphazana), n. Silly little
fellow; bees-bread (= isi-Kupa).

um-Kupe (K hup he — no plur.,), n. 5. Fowl
lice [Sw. kupe, lice].

Kupe kupe, ukuti (Khuphe khuphe, uku-
thi), v. = kupeza.

ubu-Kupekupe (Khuphekhuphe), n. Bust-
ling energetic activity, as of people work-
ing at anything sharply, or a woman
scolding about right and left; ardent,
irrepressible desire.

Kupela (Kuphela), adv. Only; alone; used
to express 'besides, except' = ukupela.
See pela.

Ex. kuhle avume ukuhamba, kupela, he
should consent to go, that and nothing more.

angina'mfana, kupela to, I have no boy,
only this one.

bahambe bonke, kupela uMusi, let them all
go, except Musi.

ngingavuma, kupela uma kusho Uyise, I
can consent, only if his father say* s<>.

e! kupela njaln-ke, 'mfundtsi, yes! that's
just all it is; that's just how it is* that's all,
'mfundiai,

ngafMca ngakidunta kona~loko, kwakupela,

I got and spoke just that, that was all.

Kupeza or Kupekupeza (Khupheza), v. Kick
or throw up dust or earth (ace), as a
fowl in its sand-bath or a person sweep-
ing with an upward motion of the broom
(cp. buquza); 'kick up a dust' (meta-
phor.) i. e. be energetically active or busy
at work, or scolding about right and left,
as an angry master when servants have
done wrong; 'kick off in no time, as
a piece of work, or a pot of beer (ace.) ;
scrapingly throw corn (ace.) with both
hands into a basket, etc., held slantingly
before the heap.

Ex. umhlabati ungikupexele esteem (ov
more commonly ngikushexelwe umhlabati eswe-
ni), a bit of dust has thrown for me in the
eye (or, I have been thrown up for by a bit
of dust in the eye) — this is said when the
actual particle is still prickingly felt.

sebebukupekupexe babuti du, they have al*
ready whisked it (the utshwala) off entirely.

i(li)-Kupu (Khuphu), n. Eczema of the
scalp, caused by the irritation of Native
shaving = i(li)-Kuku; cp. um-Na.

Kupuka (Khuphuka), v. Go up, ascend, as
a person up a hill (with ku or loc. );
mount up, as the sun in the heavens,
a bird in the air, or a child growing;
(M) get on, make progress in position
or wealth = enyuka.

Phr. kasayikufa, us'ekupufcile, he will no
longer die, he has already come up (i. e.
ceased to go down to the grave) ~ he has
rallied back, after a crisis.

umfa.i us'ekupukile exibukweni, the wife
has already come up out of the water i or
impregnation i.e. has conceived, as appearing
from physical evidence).

Kupula (Khuphula),v. Make a person or
thing (ace.) go up or ascend; hence,
bring, send, or take up, as up to an
elevated position, hill, etc.; bring up
clouds or mist (ace.), as the weather
(i-zulu).

i-nKupulana (Kuphulana), n. Certain herb,
used as an emetic.

Kupuluka (Khuphuluka), v. Get brought
or drawn up out of, as below ; get brought
to light or discovered; get picked out
or selected; get raised or lifted up.

Kupulula (Khuphulula), r. Bring or draw-
up out of, raise or lift up out of, as
grain (ace.) from a pit, a goat from a
hole, or an article from the bottom of
a box; take out largely, excessively, as
a child digging Ins spoon deeply into

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334

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the porridge; bring to light, discover,
as any tiling (ace.) that has been lost or
gol hidden; pick out, select, as one article
lace) among many ( = enyula)] lift up,
raise up, as the edge of a mat or stone
(ace) to see what is beneath = kupulu-
:n, ukuti kupululu, qubukula, vubukula.

Kupululu, ukuti (Khuphululu, ukuthi),v.=

kupululu.

Kupuluza (Khuphuluza), v. = kupulula.
Kuqala (s. k.), adv. First ; to begin with,

Brat o\' all ; formerly ; long ago; in former

times. See (/a/a.

Kuquluza (Khuquluza), v. Finish clean off,
dear off, as food (ace.) in a dish, goods
in a store, or mealies in a field = ukuti
kuquluzi.

Kuquluzi, ukuti (Khuquluei, ukuthi), v. =

/. in i ul a -.it.

Kurra (K hurra), v. Finish off, make an
end of, as an umtakati of people, cattle
of mealies, etc. = kurraea.

Kurra, ukuti (Khurra, ukuthi), v. = kurra.

Kurraza (Khurraza), V. = kurra.

Kusasa (s.k.),adv. In the morning (i.e.
till about breakfast time — see i-Mini);
this morning; to-morrow morning; to-
morrow (generally). See sa; ekuseni;
u(lu)-Yivi : ukuti nwi; u(Iu)-Kwikwi.

Kushushu, ukuti (Khiishushu, ukuthi), v.
Rise from sleep very quickly or very
early ( i. e. whether very early in the
morning, or very quickly when called at
any time) ukuti kwapu; cp. ukuti kwi.

Ex. ngitcmda utcuti kushushu kusasa, I
want to rise very early to-morrow morning
= ngitaruVukuti fewi.

Kushu kushu, ukuti (Khushu khushu, uku-
thi), v. kushuza.

Kushuza (Khushuza), v. Shuffle, move
restlessly about, as one asleep or with
the feet ( with nga ).

isi-Kushwa (Khushwa), n. One expelled
from home, or rejected by the girls (lit.
one cast out).

Kusihlwa (s. /;■.), adv. In the evening (i.e.
from alter sundown to Native bed-time,
about nine o'clock); last evening; this
evening. See hlwa; pezolo.

Ex. simgena kusahlwa, sipume kusihlwa, i
we enter | the evening school i when it's just
ting dusk and come out in the evening
i.e. when the early darkness lias fairly set
in i.

i(li)-Kusu (Khusu),n. = i(li)-Tebe.

um-Kusu (Khusu),n.5. Cooked meat put

by for eating cold; a stupid or silly

person i isi-Tuta).

Kuta (Khutha), v. Become mouldy or mil-
dewed, as grain, boots, etc., in a damp
place (used in pert'.); be in a bad hum-
our, in a cross, morose mood (= ku-
na, used in perf.) = kunta [Sw. uku-
ngu, mould].

isi-Kuta (Khutha), n. Mouldiness, mildew.

Kiitakuta (Khuthakhutha), v. Do anything
(ace.) in a lonely manner or solitary
place, as when sitting or eating by one-
self, hoeing a field or brewing beer
(ace.) all alone, or attacking a person
(ace.) while in solitude.

Ex. ukutahuta-ni lapa endhlini? what are
you doing all alone here in the hut?

yakutakutwa umfana entle, she was taken
or fallen upon by a boy while all alone on
the veldt.

Kutakuteka (Khuthakhutheka), v. Get taken,
made to do, etc., all alone, in loneliness,
etc.

Kuta!a (Khvthala), v. Be diligent, indus-
trious, assiduous, at any work or occu-
pation (used in perf.); become , stiff,
firm, as the rind of a calabash when be-
coming a 'shell', or as the face of a
person that has lost the softness of
youth and become hard from age (used
in perf.) [Her. e-pupa, industriousness].

Ex. ukulele lo'mfana emsebenxini tvake (ov
ukutalele wnsebenzi wake), this boy is dili-
gent, assiduous, at his work.

isi-Kutali (Kkuthali), n. Diligent person,
one habitually industrious. Cp. isi-Pepa.

Kutangi (Kuthangi), adv. Day before yes-
terday ( see i-Zolo ) ; kutangi kwaku-
tangi, three days ago. Cp. ngomhlo-
munye.

Kutanisa (Khuthanisa), v. = futanisa.

Kutaza or Kutazela (Khuthazela), v. Do
with firm determination, unflagging per-
severance, thorough earnestness, etc., as
when doing something unpleasant but
necessary, or when continuing patiently
under difficulty (used in perf.) = qini-
sela; cp. pikelela.

Ex. sakutaxela, sa&a safika, we went on
with determined resolution ( even though
quite exhausted ), till at last we got there.

Kutelana (Khuthelana), v. = futelana.

Kutu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; s. t.), v. Be still,
without a breath, as the air, or people
sitting quiet as mice; be without a breath
of air, close, sultry, as in a full room,
or outside on a sultry day. See isi-
Kutu.

i(li)-Kutu (Khuthu),n. (C.N.) = um-Kusu.

i(li) or u(lu)-Kutu (Khuthu), n. Bad hum-
our, bad-tempered mood, state of mo-

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roseness, as of a person temporarily
put out, or of one by nature bad hum-
oured = u(lu)-Nkununu ; op. tt(lv)-
Fudu; u(lu)-Guba ; kuta.

Ex. unokutu na/mhla, kancibilikile, he is
out of humour to-day, he is not in comfort-
able spirits.
isi-Kutu (s.k.; s.t.),n. Closeness of atmo-
sphere, without a breath of air, as in a
full room at night; sultriness, oppres-
siveness of atmosphere without, as on
a hot, muggy day (= isi- Kudu niezi).

Kutula (Khuthula), v. Get, obtain, earn or
win largely and easily, i. e. in unusual
quantity or something of unusual value,
as money (ace.) by one's work, corn
from one's field, a new hut to live in,
etc. = titiliza, kutuluza; cp. mponya.

Kutuluza (Khuthuluza), v. = kutula.

Kutumala (Khuthumala), v. (C.N.) = f'u-
dumala.

ama-Kutuza (Khuihuza; no sing.,), n. Rot-
ten mealies, etc., from the very bottom
of the pit or adhering to the sides and
of no use. Cp. u(hi)-Pata.

isi-Kutwane (s.k.; s.t.),n. Variety of
pumpkin having a mottled green and
white rind and very much liked. Cp.
i(li)-Hobosha.

i(li)-Kuwu (Khuwu),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Ki-

ivane.
um-Kuwu (Khuwu),n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Ki-

wane.
isi or um-Kuwuboya (Khmvuboya), n. 5.

(C.N.) = isi-Kukuboya.

Kuxu, ukuti (Khuxu, ukuthi), v. = kuxula;
kuxuza.

Kuxula (Khuxula), v. Pour or tilt out dish-
wise, i. e. not by taking out by hand or
ladle, but by tilting up the vessel so
that the contents run out bodily, as por-
ridge (ace.) from a pot, or mealies from
a basket = ukuti kuxu.

isi- Kuxu ngu (Khuxungu), n. Big lump or
mass of anything, as a large lump of
meat (= isi-Boma), or a great swelling
as of the knees, neck-glands, etc.; (C.N.)
pain or uneasiness in the stomach from
indigestion.

Kuxuza {Khuxuza), v. = xukuza.

Kuyilapo (Kuyilapho), adv. Then it was;

it was then when.

Ex. kuyilapo siqal'tikubona, it was then

that we began to see ( or understand ).

Kuyilo, Kuyiloku (Kuyilokhu), etc. = yilo.

Kuza (Khuza), v. Express surprise ( in a
disapproving, disbelieving sense ) ; hence,
aive vent to one's astonishment at the

action (ace.) or speech of a person e. g.
by exclaiming haunt! (cp. babaza);
express one's disapproving astonish-
ment to such a person (ace.) concerning
his speech or action; hence, reprove,
chide, correct, check, as :i child (ace.)
doing wrong, or a person talking falsely
(cp. tetisa); express sentiments of pained
surprise at the death of a person (ace.),
as one does when paying a visit of con-
dolence to his relatives after the decease ;
cry out loudly and suddenly at anything,
as though something had gone wrong,
as when a bull breaks out bellowing (=;
konya) upon seeing another, or a cov
crying vigorously for its young calf ( =
kalima), or a dog setting off barking
(= konkota) at a passer-by; shout about
loudly at, giving directions, calTTng to
order, etc., as a captain at his troop
(ace.) or an overseer to his gang; puff,
as a puff-adder; do surprisingly hence,
be astonishingly or unusually hot, as
the sun; make up an unusual number
of anything (ace.) or in an unusual time ;
give a person (ace.) an unusual quantity,
etc., of anything (with nga).

Ex. ukuza-ui? what do you express
astonishment at, what are vou saving hawu '.
at?

bakux'umhlola, they expressed their utter
astonishment (at something wrong that had
been done).

Ukuxdle namhla ilanga, it has been un-
usually hot to-day.

kade stye 'kukuxa uMaduna, we have just
been to express our surprise for Maduna
(i.e. about his death) — the Native equiva-
lent to expressing one's condolence with
his relatives.

uyikuxe nyeshumi, he has done her (his
sweetheart) an astonishing thing with (a
whole) ten (i.e. has paid up the number
at once).

umlungu umholele, imali yakuxa ama-
sJiuiui amabili, the whiteman has paid him,
the money making up the surprising sum

making
of twenty shillings.

)tku-\i-ku\a, to check oneself, hold oneself
in check or restraint, as from talking
excitedly or drinking excessively.

Phr. umsindo wakuxa indhlu, the m>i-e
made the roof shake.

isi-Kuza (Khuza),n. Menial of the chief
engaged to herd the cattle, guard the
fields from birds, etc.; sometimes ap-
plied to any menial or dependant
living in a wealthy man's kraal.

um-Kuze (Khuze), n. 5. One of a certain
regiment formed by Mpande after the
is-Angqu in order to supplement the
i-n£>abaka'wombe. See ama-Pela.

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Kuzu, ukuti (Khuzu, ukuthi), v. I.w.vi.o ;

kuettla; ukuti quzu.
Kuzuka (Khusuka), r. — quzuku; (C.N.)

get enlarged, as the belly. (== kuhluka,

kumuka )■
Kuzukwana (s.k.),adv. (C.N.) = mzukwa-

na.
Kuzula (Khueula), v. = quzula; (C.N.)

make large; produce so as to be large,

as pumpkins.

i-nKuzunkuzu (s.k.),n. Any crisp, crumb-
ling thing, easily broken up or disinte-
grated, as a piece of biscuit or soft
sandy stone = i-nKumunkumit ; cp.
i-mPoqom/poqo; kuzuka.

i-nKuzwa (s. k.), n. Certain strong-smelling
shrub, .mowing by rivers and used as
amaka um-Kuzwa.

um-Kuzwa (Klutz tea), n. 5. = i-nKuzwa.

Kwa (s. k.), prep. At, from, etc., a certain
person's kraal, tribe, or country = ka.

Ex. kwa'Mhonto, Mkonto's kraal, at Mko-
nto's kraal, to or from Mkonto's kraal.

kwa1 Zulu, in Zulu's country, Zululand;
sometimes used to express, 'the old days'
(= kusekwa'Zulu) when the laDd still be-
longed to th<' Zulus and the whiteman had
not yet come.

endhlini k.wa'Magidi for endMini yakua-
' Magidi), in, to, or from Magidi's hut —
where Magidi may be either the kraal-
owner, or a particular one of his wives.

kw'oMagidi for k'oMagidi), at, to or
from Magidi's — in this case the thought
refers to the people or inhabitants of the
kraal collectively.

i(li)-Kwa (Khwa),n. = u(lu)-Seudo.

Kx. kaseko emakwem — see u(lu)-Sendo.

isi-Kwa (Khwa), n. Certain veldt-plant
with a red, umbellate flower and used
as imifino.

umu-Kwa (Kkwa),n. 5. Native knife shap-
ed like a broad assegai-blade and used
by women for domestic purposes (=isi-
Qece, um-Hebe); something still remain-
ing to be done in an unfinished thing,
a certain point of a shield still to be
cut even, a word still to be expressed,
or left out in one's evidence, or a light
disparity existing between two things
very nearly equal or alike (cp. isi-
Oeee); sometimes applied to an 'unfin-
ished', imperfectly reported piece of
news, a rumour (gen. in diminutive
um-Kwana, um-Kwanyana); bearing-
down pains of child-birth (= um-Siko).

Ex. ushiye umukwa lapa, you have left
a Kit unfinished here.

icalanda, kodwa kwasala umukwa, he

related (the affair), but there remained
something unfinished i. e. left out.

nyike ngashaywa umlacana, kunyati kuli-
wa, I got to be wafted against ( i. e. to hear)
a bit of a report, an imperfect piece of news,
that apparently it is said, etc.

Kwa'Ba (Kwa'Bha — last syll. accen-
tuated^, n. In the flat, broadly open land,
where everything is plainly visible for
a long distance, as on a great plain. See
ukuti ba.

i(li)-Kwababa (Khwababa),n. Amasi of a
strange kraal i. e. one in which a per-
son does not eat, according to Native
custom - the word expresses contempt
for such amasi.

Ex. anyany ibod/deli ngekwababa lakini, don't
get belching out at me with the stinking-
amasi of (your) strange kraals.

N.B. According to Native custom, a per-
son may eat amasi only in any kraal of his
father's clan, of his mother's (owamzalayo),
of his father's mother's, and of his mother's
mother's; also, if a female, in the kraal into
which she marries; all other amasi is i-kwa-
baba and is abstained from.

u(lu)-Kwabalate (Khwabalathe), n. = u(lu)-
Pekepa.

Kwabo (s. k.), n. His or their hut ; in, to
or from his or their hut ( i. e. the one
belonging to his or their mother). Cp.
kwake.

Kwaca, ukuti (Khwaca, ukuthi), v. = kwaca.

Kwaca (Khwaca), v. = kuca.

Kwa' Dedangand Male (s. k.), n. — see u-De-
dangandhlale.

Kwahla (Khwahla), v. Tuck in under, as
a Coolie the loin-cloth (ace.) between the
legs (== kwaxa, kwiutsha, kwica); 'slush'
in i.e. eat, any soft pappy food (ace),
as amasi, squash, porridge, etc. (— twa-
hla).

um-Kwahla (Khwahla), n. 5. Woman's kilt
or man's after-cover when dry and stiff,
making the harsh rustling sound kwa-
hla; (C.N.) pi. imi- Kwahla, skin-cover-
ing of an um-Sutu.

Kwahla kwahla, ukuti (Khwahla khwahla,
ukuthi), v. = kwahlaza; ukuti twahla.

Kwahlaza (Khwahlaza), v. Make a harsh
rustle or flapping noise, as a woman's
kilt or a man's after-cover when dry and
stiff = hvahlaza.

Kwahlazela (Khwahlazela), v. Go along-
making such a noise as above — twa-
hlazela.

Kwake (Kwakhe), n. His or her hut; in,
to, or from his or her hut. Cp. kwa-
bo.

KWA

337

KWA

Ex. mi! kuyiae kwake (ox endhlini kwake,
or endhlini yakwake), lu-re! take it to her hut.

Kwako (Kwakho), u. Thy hut; in, to, or
from thy hut — see above.

Kwakuyilapo (Kwakuyilapho), adv. Then

it was; it was then when.

i(li)-Kwakwa (Khwakhwa), n. = i(li)-Gwa-

gwa.
i-nKwakwa fs.ij.w. Large reddish-brown
non-venomous snake, sometimes regard-
ed as an i-dhlozi = UrBulube, i-nKwa-
nkwa.

um-Kwakwa (s.k.),n.5. Certain tree grow-
ing in the coast bush.

Kwalakaqa, ukuti (Khwdlakaqa, ukuthi), v.
= kwalakaqa; kwalakaqeka; ukuti gwa-
lakaqa.

Kwalakaqa (Khwalakaqa), v. Throw or
hurl at a thing (ace.) ineffectually or
with a miss, as when one throws a stone
(with nga) at a dog, or hurls an assegai
at a buck without hitting it; utterly
astonish a person (ace. == shaqa) =
gwalakaqa.

isi- Kwalakaqa (Khwalakaqa; sometimes
s. k.), n. Sturdy, powerfully-built man.

Kwalakaqeka (Khwalakaqeka), v. Get so
thrown at ineffectually, as above; get
utterly astonished — see kwalakaqa.

isi-Kwaiakwala (Khwalakhwala), n. Hard,
dried-up thing, as um-Baqanga when
cold; sick person, 'dried-up,' without
body or heart; hard, puzzling matter
(= i-Nkinga); (C.N.) anything stout,
strong, as a stick.

i-nKwali (s.k.; no plur.),n. Chaps, chapped
skin, as on the hands or feet, caused by
cold weather (cp. i(li)-Ntsentse; um-Ke-
nke; i-niBululwane); (with plur.) red-
necked partridge (Pternistes rndicollis;
cp.i-nTendele) [Sw. Bo. kwale, partridge;
Ga. nkwali],

P. aku'nkwali epandela enye, there's no
partridge that scratches for another = each
one must look out for himself.

isi-Kwali (Khwali), n. Certain shrubby
climbing plant ( Vigna triloba) bearing
a flower resembling a sweet-pea, and
of which there are three kinds, one with
edible tubers, the other two (= u- Vuma )
non-edible and used as emetics.

i-nKwalibomvana (s. k.), n. A short, light-
complexioned young-man; certain veldt-
plant, bearing black edible berries.

i-nKwalitwetwe (s.k.; s.t.),n. (C.N.) = i-
nKwali.

Kwalo, Kwaloku (Kwalokhu), Kwalokuhle,
etc. = kwayilo.

Kwa'Luncwe (s.k.), n. = Kwa' Ntlongasibi.
See u-Luncwc.

isi-Kwama (Khwama), u. Poueh made of
a cow's bladder and used for carrying
the snuff-box in (= i(li)-Kvku, i(li)-Ktki | ;
hence, any small bag, purse, pocket and
the like; also = i-Nkinga.

i(li)-Kwamalala (Khwamalala), //. i(li)-

Jah a.

isi-Kwambici (Khwambhid), v. = i-Nkinga.

Kwa'Mamengalahlwa (s.k.), n. There where
one shouts 'oh! mother! I am lost ! '
— i. e. far far away = ema-Jugujitgwini.

Kwami (s.k.),n. My hut; in, to, or from
my hut. See kwake.

Kwangaloku (Kwangalokhu) = kwangati.

Kwangati (Kwangathi), past tense of ///-
ngati q. v.

i(li)-Kwangi (Khwangi), v. Youna steer
(C. N. fr. Xo.).

um-Kwangu (Khwaangu), n. 5. Certain
forest tree, whose pungent bark is used
as snuff for headache, as an anti-i-mBu-
lelo, and as a remedy for lung-sickness
in cattle.

i(li)-Kwangukwangu (Khwangukhwangu ,

sometimes in plur.,), n. Gaudy, attractive
thing, as finery in dress = i(li)-Kwe-
ngukwengu, ama-Kwazikivazi, ama-Kwr-
zikwezi.

i-nKwangwa or Kwangwana (s.k.), n. Small
supply of food, such as one may have-
in time of famine.

ubu-nKwangwa (s.k.),n. Smallness or
scarcity of food in time of famine.

Ex. sidhla ubwnhwa/ngwa, we are on small
rations.

i(li)-Kwani (Khwani — no plur.;, n. Kind
of bulrush, used for thatching and mat-
making (cp. i(li)-Buma) ; one of the last
regiment of girls formed by Dingane,
and next before the i-nKehlela.

um-Kwani (Khwani), n. 5. Leaf of the
mealie, mabele, or imfe plant. Cp. i(li)-
Kasi; i(li)-Qabi.

Kwanini (s.k.), adv. past tense of kuniniq.v.

i-nKwankwa (s. k.), n. — see irNkwankwa.

i-nKwankwankwa (s. k.), u. - see i-Xkini-
nkwankwa.

Kwantabala (Khwantabala), v. lie or look-
depressed, gloomy, out of sorts, as a
person feeling unwell or saddened about
something (used in perf. ).

Kwa'Ntlongasibi (s. k.), n. — see Vr Ntlonga-
sibi.

Kwantshabula (Khwantshabula), r. = da-
nfsnla.

22

KWA

Kwantshu, ukuti (Khwantshu, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti dantsu.

i-nKwantshu (s.k.; s.t), n. Cramp or con-
traction of muscles in the leg or hand;
numbness of those members, as when
they have 'gone to sleep' from being
long in a contracted position.

isi- Kwantshu (Khwantshu), n. Any thick
thing L e. of firm consistency, as por-
ridge, amasi, or other thing usually
semi-fluid = isi-Gwamba.

Kwantshula (Khwantshula), v. = dantsula.

Kwantu, ukuti (Khwantu, ukuthi), v. Give
a very small quantity, a mere 'handful'
of anything (with nga) to a person
(ace).

Kwanya (Khwanya), v. = kotoza.

um-Kwanyo (Khwanyo), n. 5. — um-Kotuzo.

i(li)-Kwapa (Khwapha), n. Armpit; place
beneath the shoulder of a beast on either
side; (gen. in plur.) supplies of any
kind, as food, wares for sale, etc., put
away for any particular purpose, not for
present transaction or use (as below)
[S\v. kivapa, armpit; Reg. kivaa; Ga.
nkwawa; Her. oku-apa; Bo. gwaha].

Ex. wasishayela amaktcapa, he brought
out for us of his private or reserved stock
l may-be as a favour, the ordinary supply
having been finished).

Phr. induna yamfaka ekwapeni, the head-
man put him under his arm i. e. took him
under his protection.

yampakamisda ikivapa, he (the headman)
raised up his arm (or armpit) for him, i.e.
let him be seeu, gave him up, betrayed his
hiding-place (as to those who were in pur-
suit of him ).

i-nKwapa (Kwapha), n. Pit, or part of an
animal below the flank, between the
inner hind-leg and the belly. Cp. i(li)-
Kwapa.

Kwapu, ukuti (Khwdphu, ukuthi), v. —
ukuti kushushu.

Kw£sha, ukuti (Khwasha, ukuthi), v. =
kwashaza.

Kwashaza (Khwashaza), v. Make a rustling
noise, as a person stirring on the floor,
going through the grass, or a piece of
paper blowing about = hashaza.

Kwata, ukuti (Khwatha, ukuthi), v. Say a
rd, open the mouth (gen. in neg. =
ukuti nka.

Ex. habonanga eti kwata, he didn't say a
word.
Kwata (s.k.; s.t), v. Be put out, out of
mper, angry (used in perf. ).

i(li)-Kwata (Khwatha), n. = i(li)- Cebo (this
word was generally used in Zululand

338 KWA

by men and women during Cetshwayo's
reign in order to hlonipa the king's
name; it has already fallen into dis-
use).

Kwatalala, ukuti (Khwdthalala, ukuthi), v.
Be hushed or stilled, as when the wind,
noise, or pain ceases for a time; lie
spread out broadly, in a great sheet-like
mass, as a large field, or a great flock
of sheep on a hillside. Cp. ukuti cwa-
ntalala.

Kwatalala (Khwathalala), v. — ukuti kwa~

talala.
u(lu)- Kwatalala (Khwathalala), n. Thing

spread broadly out, a great sheet-like

mass, as above.

Kwataza (Khwathaza), v. Search or seek
for, look about for, as anything (ace.)
one has need of = funa.

i-nKwatshu (s.k.; s.t.), n. = i-nKwantshu.

u(u)-Kwatu (Khwathu),n. Oyster; cockle,
or similar shell-fish (N.).

Kwaxa, ukuti (Khwaxa, ukuthi), v. — kiva-
xa.

Kwaxa or Kwaxela (Khwaxa), v. Tuck in
or under, as a blanket (ace.) under the
bed, one's legs beneath a horse's belly
when riding, or the loin-cloth between
the legs as a coolie (= kwahla, kwintsha,
kwexela); raise or jerk a carried infant
(ace.) higher up on the back.

um-Kwaxukwaxu (Khwdxukhwaxu), n. 5.
Long, hanging thing of a soft moist
nature such as makes a 'slapping' noise
when thrown about, as a woman's breast,
cow's teat, long well-greased isi-dwaba
or i-beshu = um-Twaxutwaxu.

Kwaxula (Khwaxula), v. = baxabula.

Kwaxuza (Khwaxuza), v. Slap about *'. e.
make a slapping noise, as above = twa-
xuza.

Kwaxuzela (Khwaxuzela), v. Go along with
a 'slapping about' of the isi-dwaba, i-
beshu, breasts, etc., as above = twaxu-
zela.

Kwayilo, Kwayiloku (Ktvayilokhu), etc. Past
tense of Yilo, Yiloku, etc.

isi-Kwayimba (Khwayimbha), n. = isi-
Hwabadiya.

i-nKwazi (s.k.),n. White-headed Sea Eagle
(Haliaitus vocifer); also = i-nRrwazo.

um-Kwazi (Khwazi; sometimes in plur.,),
n. 5. Red streak or streaks, red streaki-
ness, as formed by the rays of a ris-
ing or setting sun, or as exhibited in
the long horizontal layers of golden
stratified clouds ( not a simply reddened
sky ) ; redness or blood-shot appearance
of an inflamed eye.

KWA

339

KWE

ama or imi-Kwazikwazi (Khwazikhwazi —
no sing.,), n. = i(li)-Kwangukwangu.

um-Kwe (Khwe),n.l. Wife's father (C.N.
— such in Zululand being called um-Kwe-
kazi, or simply u-Baba) [Sw. Bo. mkive,
father-in-law; Her. omu-kue; Xo. um-
kwe, brother-in-law].

i(li) or ubu-Kwe (Khwe), u. Wife's father's
kraal or people — used in loc. by married
man (with lami or bami) and by his
brothers and sisters (with letuor beiu) —
the wife or her sisters referring to the
husband's kraal or people as owami or
wmKwenyana = ubu-Landa [Sw. Bo.
■mkwe, father-in-law; Her. omu-kue].
Phr kaseku emakweni — see u(lu)-Sendo.

Kweba (Khweba), v. Gather ainabele (ace.)
for urgent present use and before it is
ripe, as during a time of scarcity; some-
times also used of mealies gathered under
the same circumstances. Cp. fula; vuna.

i-nKwebane (s. k. — no plur.^, n. Boy or
boys of any particular kraal or place,
between the ages of about five and
twelve, i. e. until old enough to become
an u(lu)-Dibi q. v. See um-Timbana.

Kwebeza (Khwebeza), v. Draw in the body,
draw it together, as a person when tick-
led or hurt, or when gathering it together
from cold.

i(li)-Kwebeza (Khwebeza), n. Any ticklish
spot on the body.

ubu-Kwebezana (Khwebezana), n. Small
shrub, bearing tiny edible berries; thing
of a light crimson-red colour.

Kwebu, ukuti (Khwebu, ukuthi),v. = kive-
buka; kzvebula.

isi-Kwebu (Khwebu), n. Ear, mostly of
mealies (cp. isi-Qwanga), less freq. of
amabele and the like; person or thing
all by itself or alone, as a man without
a wife, a wife without a child, or a vessel
placed alone [Reg. kiombera, maize-cob;
Chw. se-gwere].

Ex. ngasishiya la pa, siyHsikwebu, I left
it (my snuff-box) here, alone by itself
(not in among other thiugs).

Kwebuka (Khwebuka), v. Rebound, spring
or fly back, as a bent branch or a
spring; go back on one's word or
promise ; get stripped off by being torn
back, as below; get taken out or away,
as one man from among others; make
off, as a person by a side-path or away
from those he is with. Cp. pekuka;
gwabuka.

Kwebula (Khwebula), v. Let or make
rebound or fly back, as one might a
bent stick (ace.) or a spring; make a

person (ace.) go back on his word or
promise; strip off by tearing back, as
a mealie-cob (ace.) from the stalk, palm-
leaflets from the stem,':etc. ; take out or
from, 'pluck' out, as one person (ace.)
from among a company. Cp. pekitla;
gwabula.

Kweca (Khweca), v. Draw . |or bend in,
as a child the stomach (ace.) when
showing its hunger, or a person the
side when being tickled (cp. kwesha);
be bent or curved in, as a bow (used
in pert'.); finish off an isi-Kweee or
what remains at the bottom of a pipe
or smoking-horn (ace), a pot of beer,
dish of food, etc.

isi-Kwece (Khwece),n. Thing drawn or
curved inwards — hence, person with a
very prominent chest {= isi-Gaga), a
curved bone face-scraper (= u(lu)-Ba-
Titbo); what remains still to be cleared
off after the main portion has been
taken, as at the bottom of a pipe, a pot
of beer, or a dish of food (cp. isi-Koce).

isi-Kwehle (Khwehle), n. Natal Bush Par-
tridge ( Francolinus Natalensis ).

Kwehlela (Khivehlela), v. = kohlela.

Phr. sekuhlexi isikwehlela ku'Bani, th«

expectoration already remains (stuck in the

throat) with So-and-so i.e. he is all but
dead, in his last agony. Cp. layela.

isi- Kwehlela (Khivehlela), n. = isi-Kohlela.

um-Kwekazi (Khivekazi), n. 1. One's wife's
mother, and sometimes applied also to
her father {see um-Kwe) ; hence, mother-
in-law, or father-in-law. Cp. u-Mame-
zala.

u(lu)- Kwekwe (Khwekhwe),n. — u(lu)-Twayi.

Kwela (Khivela), v. Climb, climb up, as
up a tree or hill (ace. or loc.) ; mount,
mount up upon, as man upon a horse
(with ku, loc, or pezu), or upon any
high place; mount i.e. get upon or
cover with the body, as one boy clamber-
ing upon another (with pezu or ktc), a
dog leaping up at its master, or a per-
son trying to get the better of another
by talk or action; cover, as the animal
the female (ace. — cp. zeka; beba); per-
sistently be at a person (ace.) or at some
thing, be always at it (in a good or
bad sense); hence, harass, pester, con-
tinually annoy, as a person (ace.) by
always giving him the same disagreeable
food (with nga), constant irritating talk
or trickery, or as a bad tooth or other
pain its owner; or peg away at, work
away at, wrestle with, as any trouble-
some work (ace.) or study [Sw. kwea,
climb; Bo. Ya. kwela; Sen. kwira].

22*

KWE

Ex. ngimnike induwo, eswele, ab'es'ctau'/a
ukuktoela pexu kicami, I give him hospi-
tality when in want, and now he wishes
to domineer over me.

belingikwele ixinyo, my tooth was af-
flicting mo.

ngikicelwe ikanda {isisu, etc.), I am being
troubled by my head ( stomach, etc.) i. c. I have
a headache, am unwell in the stomach, etc.

kade sikwele ixindonga lexi, it is ever so
long we have been righting with these
road-cuttings.

way'ekwele ehashini, he was mounted up-
on, i.e. was riding, a horse.

Phr. sakicela ngokuntoebela, we climbed
ithe hill) stepping it out, i.e. at a brisk
pace or with full long steps.

wasimxe wangikwela ngengalo, he just
turned upon me without auy reason, quite
unprovoked.

ukirrla ngentaba nje t/ma, he persists from
-liter obstinacy, goes on his owu course
through stubbornness, as a person who
after being corrected, still continues in his
erroneous course.

icamkwelisa ngamadv/yana onke for wa-
mwexa yonke imifida nemifudhlana), he
raised him up on all the hillocks (or he
carried him over all the rivers and streams)
/'.'■. he praised him, or abused him, right
and left, with every term of praise or abuse.
Kwelana (Khwelana), v. Have a tussle or
wrestle with one another (actually or
metaphor.). Cp. ukuti nkankanana.

Ex. kxsimxe kukicelane umsindo, lapo beti
bayakuluma, it is just a striving together of
noise (to see which will get above the
other |, when they start talking.

i(li)-Kwele (Khwele), n. Shrill whistle, as
made by a boy (holding the under-lip,
etc.) when whistling for his dog, or to
the cattle when milking (used with
shay a, hlaba, beta, hlohla) = i(li)-
Kwelo; cp. um-Lozi.

N.B. When the boy whistles, he says viyo
vo vo-o! (supposed to represent the hound
\\n rnak

isi or ubu-Kwele (Khwele), n. Jealousy be-
tween the wives in any kraal (mainly
over their common husband); sometimes
used generally for any jealousy of a si-
milar kind, as of a selfish child who
wants all the food for himself.

isi-Kwelekeqe (Khwelekeqe), n. Heavy drink-
er (not drunkard), or snuff-taker; also
= isi-Gwadi. Cp. i-n.Tseli.

i-nKwelemba (Kwelembha), n. One of a
certain band of isigodhlo girls of Ce-
tshwayo formed by him after the ama-
TonUt and said to have been taught the
use of the gun. Cp. i(H)-lhika.

340 KWE

1-nKweletsheni (s. k.; s.t.),n. Rock thrush
( Monticola rupestris).

Kweleza (Khweleza), v. Be jealous with
isi-Kwele.

i(li)-Kwelo (Khwelo), n. = i(li)-Kwele.

i-nKwelo (s. k.), n. = i(li)-Kwele; also water-
beetle or dysticus (= i-mFundama-
kivelo ) ; spirit of domineering conten-
tiousness, always seeking to be at some-
body.

Ex. uyamtela inkwelo, you are making or
encouraging him to be contentious or domi-
neering with others.

Phr. ixilimi xake ximbili, zifana nexi-
tunxd xenkwelo, his tongues are two, like the
shadows of the water-beetle — said of a ly-
iug, deceptive talker.

isi-Kwelo (Khwelo), n. Cause or origin of
any occurrence, dispute (= isi-Susa);
(also um-Kivelo) thing for climbing up
by, hence, scaffolding erected round a
hut when building, "a ladder, stairs,
steps, etc. See kwela.

i(li)-Kwembe (Khwembhe), n. A crookedness,
poky bend, bandiness, as in a wattle-
stick, a man's bandy -legs, etc.; hence
applied adjectively (often in plur.) to
such a stick, legs, etc. themselves. Cp.
i(li)-Kwembeza.

isi-Kwembe (Khwembhe), n. Large headed
is-Agila or club, used for hunting small
game ; person with bandy legs or crook-
ed arms (= isi-Gwembe); (N.) limpet
or limpet-shell; (C.N. — also u(lu)-Kwe-
mbe) scab, in dogs, goats, etc. (= u-
Givebtda ).

u(lu)-Kwembe (Khwembhe), n. (C.N.)— see
isi-Kwembe.

i(li)-Kwembeza (Khwembheza — mostly in
plur.,), n. Bandy leg, crooked or bent
arm = i(li)-Gwexe, i(li)-Gwegwe, i(li)-
Kwembe.

isi-Kwembeza (Khwembheza), n. Person
with bandy legs or crooked arms, as
above; such leg or arm = isi-Gwembe,
isi- Gwexe.

Kwenca (Khwenca), v. = kwengca.

i(li)-Kwence (Khwence), n. = i(li)-Gwenee.

Kwenceza (Khwenccza), v. = gwenceza.

i(li) or u(lu)-Kwenco (Khwenco), n. — i(li)-
Kwengco.

i-nKwendemana (s.k.),n. Unsociable dis-
position showing itself in excessive re-
ticence or lack of communicativeness, as
when one brother doesn't acquaint
another of his doings, etc.

isi-Kwenetu (s.k.; s. t.),n. Money loaned
or borrowed; ngesi-Kwenctu, on credit
[D. skuld, debt].

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341

KWE

Kwengca (Khwengca), v. Bind down thatch
(ace.) outside a Native hut (ace.) by
means of ama-Kwengco (cp. duza); (C.N.)
be rascally (= rrina).

isi-Kwengci (Khwengci), n. Rascal (C.N.).

l(li)or u(lu)-Kwengco (Khwenyco), n. Short
pliant stick sharpened at each end and
fixed like a bow into the thatch of a
Native hut in order to hold it firm. See
kwengca.

i(li)-Kwengukwengu (Khwengukhwengu), n.
= i(li)'Kwangukwangu.

i-nKwenkwezi (s.k.), n. Certain conspicuous
star (the a of the constellation Argo)
appearing in the south-east in the early
mornings of July and preceding the ap-
pearance of the Pleiades (seeisi-Limela).

i-nKwenjane (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = i-vKonjane.

ama-Kwenqekwenqe (Khwenqekhwenqe —
no sing./, n. Turned-up eyes showing
only the white of the ball below. See
isi-Hlangu.

Kwenqeza (Khwenqeza), v. Turn or roll
the eyes (ace.) upwards so as to show
only the white of the ball below, as Na-
tive men often do when eating the head
of a slaughtered ox — see above.

i-nKwenteleka (s. k.; .<?. t.), n. A labour-tout;
Native or Natives (collect.) collected by
such for anywork (N).

Kwentu, ukuti (Khwentu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
gwengu.

i(li)- Kwentu (Khwentu), n. One who goes
back on his word or promise, or denies
a statement previously made; member
of a certain section of the i-nDl/hi-
yengwe regiment.

Kwentula (Khwentula), v. = gioengula.

i(li)-Kwentula (Khwentula), n. = i(li)-Kive-
ntu.

um-Kwenya or Kwenyana (Khwenya),n.l.
Term applied by any member of a wife's
family (the father and mothers using
warm, the others wetu) to any member
of her husband's family, though more
especially to the husband himself; hence,
son-in-law; brother or sister-in-law. Cp.
um-Landa; u-Malokazana [Sw. mkwe,
son-in-law].

isi-Kwepa (Khwepha),n. Branch of any
kind of palm (= um-Kwepa, isi-Bemba);
plur. izi-Kwepa, power or strength, as
to lift a heavy weight.

um-Kwepa (Khirepha), n. 5. White meat
on each side of the breast of a bird or
fowl (with plur.); also = isi-Kwepa.

Kwesha (Khwesha), v. Draw or bend in-
ward; be drawn or bent inwards, as a

person bending his side when tickled,
or to allow someone to pass, or a hut
where the framework lias got bulged
inwards, or a square thing like a mat
with one of its sides curving or tapering
inwards (used in perf.) ukuti kwe-
she; <•]>. kweca; i-nKweshe.

Ex. intombi Ica'Bani ikweshile., Bo-and-so'e

daughter is drawn inward I. e. baa DO but-
tocks. Cp. shikila.

Kweshe, ukuti (Khweshe, ukuthi), v. kwe-
sha.

u-Kweshe (Khweshe), n. Front or palm of
the hand (from being bent in at the
middle); a handful, of anything it-
Weshe; cp. i-nHesheza; um-Nyaba.

i-nKweshe (s.k.),n. Thing drawn or bent
inward at the side, as a person with a
foot bent or turned inwards, a square
thing with one side slanting or curving
inwards, a hut whose framework bill
inward out of the full circle, or one with
small buttocks seemingly drawn in. See
kwesha.

Kweshe kweshe, ukuti (Khweshe khweshe,
ukuthi), v. = kweshekwesheza.

Kweshekwesheza (Khweshekhwesheza), r.
Go sharply or lightly along, as with a
smart, business-like step.

um-Kweta (Khwetha), n. 1. Circumcised
person ( see soka ) ; also = u-Sebele.

Kwete, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.t.),v. = kwe-
teza.

Kweteza (s.k.; s.t.),v. Talk away inces-
santly, chatter away, as a lot of girls
talking, or one whose tongue in persis-
tently on the rattle. Cp. keteza; gedeza;
vekeza.

Kwetu (Kioethu), n. Our hut; in, to, or
from our hut — see kwake.

i-nKwetu (Kwethu — no plur./, n. Any

small scale, or peeling off of the outer-
skin; hence, dandriff (see /-//'/'urn);
scurf, as on the face in cold weather;
scale, of a fish, or of the human skin
around sores; thin outside covering
that peels off the bark of some trees;
(C.N.) mussel (= i-mBazu) [Her. (>/</'-
/■of///, scales].

u(lu)-Kwetu (Khwethu), //. Layer of I'm ly-
ing between the flesh of the ribs and
the skin of a bullock (used with plur.).

Kwexa or Kwexela (Khwexa), /•. = kwaxela.

Kweza (Khweza), v. Preserve, keep safe
or in good state, as a person his pro-
perty (ace), body, money, etc.; keep,
put carefully by [Sw. weka, keep).

Phr. vnktmyu iyakwexa, the mist is putting
itself aside i. e. is dispersing = iyadamuJca.

KWE

342

KWI

i-nKweza (s.k.), n. Certain tree (Kraussia
floribunda), growing by rivers and
whose leaves were used by the Zulu
king for rubbing off dirt from the back
when bathing, and now used by young-
men and girls as a love-charm.

i-nKwezane (s.'k.), n. Light land mist, such
as moves over the country on mornings
generally preceding hot days (cp. um-
Lalamvubu; i-nKungu); certain creep-
ing plant (= isi-Lcle).

Kwezela (Khwezela), v. Keep up a fire
(aee.) by supplying it with fuel, or a
cooking-pot by keeping it supplied with
fire.

i(li)-Kwezi (Khwezi), n. Venus (when ap-
pearing before sunrise), hence, morning-
star (cp. isi-Celankobe); also = i(li)-
Gwintsi [Tu. ukwedzi, moon; Nyamb.
ukwesi; Ru. kwezi].

ama-Kwezikwezi (Khweeikhwezi), u. — i(li)-
Kwangukwangu.

KwT, ukuti (Khw'i, ukuthi), v. Stand up still
and straight, as a soldier in line, or a
man standing on a road or hill (with
uku-ma). Cp. ukuti twi.

KwT, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Rise very
early in the morning, while still dark,
perhaps at about three o'clock. See
u(lu)-Kwikwi; ukuti kushushu.

u(lu)-Kwi (s.k.), n. — u(lu)-Kwikwi.

Kwlbi, ukuti (Khwibi, ukuthi), v. — kwibiza.

isi-Kwibi (Khwibi), n. One disabled in the
leg, from permanent deformity or tem-
porary injury.

um-Kwibi (Khwibi), n. 5. Channel, trench,
ditch, rut, as dug out for allowing water
to run off, or as washed out by water
(■= um-Sele)\ vagabond, baboon, going
about alone (= isi-Hole); also = um-
Kwili; (N.) = um-Titimbila.

Kwibisha (Khwibisha), v. Turn back, go
back or return on one's course. Cp. bu-
ya; pifidela.

Kwibiza (Khwibiza), v. Drive away fowls
(ace.) by scaring them with the cry kwi-
bi; finish off hastily, 'in no time', as
children food (ace). Cp. hebeza.

Kwica (Khwica), v. Tuck in or under, as
a blanket (ace.) under the bed, or a dog
its tail between the legs (= kwahla,
kwaxa, hwinca); gather in a small
worthless crop (ace.) when it has been
a failure, or the small inferior ears left
over from the first harvesting — uku-
ti kwici; cp. kotoza.

Phr. ixinyoni seviwakwice (amabele), za-
waqeda, the birds have cleared it oft' (the
Kafir-'--. rn | entirely.

KwVci, ukuti (Khivici, ukuthi), v. Turn sud-
denly off, round the corner, etc., out of
sight, as a person seeking to elude ano-
ther; turn sharply in or under, as when
tucking anything (ace.) in between the
legs ; turn suddenly round or away from
one's word = Kwica, kwiciza.

i-nKwici (s.k.), n. A giving one the slip, a
sudden turning off from the path or
'round the corner'; used also of such
similar occasions as when a person
doesn't arrive on an appointed day but
takes them by surprise on another.

Ex. basishayele inkwici, they gave us the
slip (on the way).

was'enxela irnpamba ya'nkwici, he took uh
in by the slippiug-trick (may-be he arrived
at an unexpected time).

Kwiciza (Khwiciza), v. — ukuti kwici.

i-nKwico (s.k.),n. Small worthless crop in
a field that has been a failure, or that
has been left over from the first gather-
ing. See kwica.

Kwifa (Khwifa), v. = kifa.

u(lu)-Kwikwi (s.k.),n. Very early morning,
or rather end of the night, while still
dark, perhaps an hour before dawn =
u(lu)-Vivi. See ukuti kwi; ntwela.

i(li)-Kwili (Khwili),n. = i(li)-Kwini.

i(li)-Kwili (s.k.),n. Name given to cattle
of European breeds, as Shorthorns, etc.
Cp. u(lu)-Sutu.

isi-Kwili (Khwili), n. Short tim-Zaca or
knobless stick.

Phr. uku-posa isikwili, to throw about
the isi-kwili, make vigorous movements with
it when dancing the uku-yiya.

um-Kwili (Khwili), n. 5. Ground-nuts or
izi-nDhlubu when boiled with the shells
on as taken fresh from the ground =
um-Kwibi.

KwTmilili, ukuti (Khwimilili, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti qimilili.

Kwinca (Khwinca), v. — Invica.

KwVnci, ukuti (Khwtnci, ukuthi), v. — uku-
ti kwici,

i-nKwindi (s.k.),n. = i-mBazu; (C.N.) =="
i-mBoni.

imi-Kwindi (s.k.), n. (C.N.) — um-Kindi.

Kwingca (Khwingca), v. Choke a person
(ace), as food when entering the wind-
pipe (= hila); also (C.N.) = tshweka.

i-nKwingci (s.k.),n. (C.N.) — i-nTivabi.

i(li)-Kwini (Khivini), n. Stomach of a buck
filled with blood, minced liver, etc., and
so boiled and eaten = i(li)-Kwili.

Kwintsa (Khivintsa), v. = kintsa.

KWI

343

LA

Kwintsha (Khwintsha), v. Rebound, recoil,
fly back, as a bent stick when let loose
= kwintshika, kwintshilika.

Kwintshi, ukuti (Khwhitshi, ukuthi), v. —
kwintsha.

Kwintshika (Khwintshika), v. — kwintsha.

Kwintshilika (Khwintshilika), v. — kwi-
ntsha.

Kwipila (Khwiphila), v. Speak angrily,
storm (C.N.).

Kwisha (Khwisha), v. = cisha; shipa.

i-nKwishela (s.k),n. Very black-skinned
Native = i-nKanyimba; cp. i-mBindolo.

KwVshi, ukuti (Khwishi, ukuthi), v. Be all
in a general bustle of activity, as when
a gusty wind-storm arises, when work
is going on with spirited commotion,
when an angry man storms about in a
hut, etc.; be very dark or black (with
mnyama), as on a pitch-dark night =
kwishiza.

Ex. kn mnyama /cute kivishi, it is pitch
dark.

Phr. kwatula, kwali kwishi, all was quiet
(nothing else could be heard), for the com-
motion, — used to express any violent out-
burst of activity, as when a powerful wind-
storm suddenly rises (so that everything be-
comes quiet before it), or a general uproar
of quarrelling.

ama- Kwishi (Khivishi — no sing.,), n. Kind
of shuffling dancing (C.N.).

isi-Kwishi (Khwishi), n. General commotion,
bustling or noisy activity, as of people
working busily, wind blowing gustily,
etc. = isi-Kwishi kwishi, isi-Penqu, isi-
Vunguvungu.

Phr. isihcishi sika'ntloyile, a whirlwind
(such as is frequently seen spinning along a
road ).

isi-Kw'i'shikwishi (Khwishikhwishi), n. =
isi-Kwishi.

Kwishi I iza (Khunshiliza), v. Take entirely \
off at a sweep, as food (ace.) from a I
plate (cp. ukuti sonuluzi)', (C.N.) tie up, j

as a calf (ace.) to a tree (with ela
form); tie up a man by a word.

Kwishiza (Khwishiza), v. Be in a general
commotion of activity, do in a spirited
bustling manner, as people working
away with much energetic motion, a vio-
lent wind blowing gustily about, an en-
raged man setting all astir, or a hen
vigorously throwing about the earth. Cp.
penquza, pelcuza; ukuti kwishi.

Kwishizelana (Khwishizelana), v. Quarrel
with one another in a spirited manner,
setting things astir generally.

Kwisiza (Khwisiza), v. = kisila.

KwTti, ukuti (ukuthi; s.lc; s.t.),v. = kwitiua.

Kwitiza (s. k.; s. t.), v. Speak indistinctly,
unintelligibly, as a foreigner speaking
so that one cannot catch what he says
== kitiza.

Kwixa (Khwixa),v. Twist 'wrigglingly'
about, as a man might pliant wattles or
branches (ace.) in among posts to make
a fence, or as a snake might about one's
feet; whip or beat with a belt or very
supple switch that bends about the body,
as a parent might his child (ace.) ; wriggle
about or run about to and fro with
quick motion, as lizards at play, or a
snake in the grass (= kwixiza); wander
about in and out among the kraals, as
a man given to much idle visiting ( =
kwixiza ).

Ex. ivasimzc ivakwixa imikono, he simply
folded (together) his arms.

Kwi'xi, or Kwi'xi kw'ixi, ukuti (Khw'lxi, uku-
thi), v. = kwixila; kwixiza.

Kwixila (Khwixila), v. Whip, or 'wriggle'
into, as a mother into her child (ace.)
with a belt or very pliant switch ; hence,
whip, as oxen with a whip = kwixa.

Kwixiza (Khwixiza), v. Wriggle about, as
a snake seeking to enter a small hole,
or lizards when chasing each other or
caught in the hand, or (by compar.) a
man wandering about among the kraals
visiting = kwixa.

■ has but one sound in Zulu, ri:. the same
"^ as in English.

The /•, however, in European words is often
mistaken by the Natives for an /, and, con-
trariwise, an I in a Europeau word will often,
in the Native mouth, become produced as an
/•. This natural disposition to confuse these
two sounds is not confined to the African
Bantu tribes alone. It is peculiar to divers

races all the world over, from the Chinook* in
the Far West of America, to the Chinese in
the Far East.

Further, the tribes inhabiting the coast dis-
trict of Zululand have the custom of chang-
ing every / in the Zulu into a y, thus, in-
stead of lamba (hungry), they would say
yamba; and, contrariwise, such Natives have
an occasional weakness (though not a fixed

LA 344

) for replacing the y in a Zulu word by
.... ,, thus ekala instead of ekuya (home). This
custom of substituting a y for au / is called
uku-tefuia.

The liquid combinations did, Id, and //, will
he found described under I>.

La, pers. pron. past tense. It — used for
nouns of the second class having the
prefix i(li).

La, disting. adj. These — used as contrac-
tion for lawa, for nouns plur. of the
second class having the prefix ama; also
sometimes, as contraction for laba, with
nouns plur. of the first class having the
prefix aba.

La, a dr. Here; where; when (contraction
for lapa ).

ama- La or Lana (no sing.), n. Hollowing
out or drawing in of the stomach, below
the ribs, from hunger.

Ex. us'enyuke ainala, he has already got

the stomach drawn in under the ribs.

Laba, disting. adj. These — used with
nouns plur. of the first class, having
the prefix aba or o [MZT. aba; Ga.
bano\ Her. imba; San. Nya. Aug. aw a].

Labalaba, v. Long, desire, covet, as a child
might for fine things (ace. with elaform)
in a shop, or to go to any place = lu-
ll cl a, lobizela.

Labateka (Labatheka), v. Feel a strong
longing or desire alter anything (follow.
by agent).

Laba-ya, disting. adj. Those yonder, those
over there — similar to labo.

isi-Labi, //. Thing standing or remaining
singly or alone of its kind, as a single
head of cattle in a kraal, one or two so-
litary boys among a crowd of girls in
a family. Cp. lambata.

Ex. alobole ngani, kungeko na'silabi se-
nkomo, what shall he lobola with, there not
being a single head of cattle'.'

umbila kawuko, ixilatshana eximbili exi-
ntatu ukupela, there arc no mealies, only
two or three little solitary plants.

Labo, disting. adj. Those — used with
nouns plur. of the first class having the
prefix aba or o [MZT. abo; Chw. bao;
Ga. bali; Nya. awo\ Cong, oiro; Kamb.
aaya\ Aug. ana; Her. imba).

Labo, //<>ss. adj. Their used with nouns
plur. of the first class, having the prefix
n ha or o.

Lahla, v. Throw or cast away, as a thing
(acc.) not wanted; abandon, forsake, as
a son his parents or a man his wife;
lo9e, a.- one's money (acc.) on the road ;
leave, part company with, as with a per-

LA

son (acc.) one is travelling with or ac-
companying; decide against anyone (acc.)
in a lawsuit; throw one (acc.) up i.e.
get decided against him, as a lawsuit
(nom.) might a suitor (acc); bury, as a
dead person (= mbela); throw' down,
as one man might another when wres-
tling or a horse its rider (with pantsi);
finish off any work (acc), have done
with it, as with ploughing, etc [Sw.
acha, abandon ; Ga. laka, leave ; Her.
nokaura, throw away].

Ex. namhla siyilahlile rndhlu, to-day we
have got rid of, got off our hands, got
finished the hut.

saza samlahla ngapesheya kunmLcdaxi,
we got and left him ( whom we were ac-
companying) on the other side of the Uni-
lalazi.

irikosi (ov icala) yafika yamlahla, the
chief got and decided against him.

kakusixi 'luto, uyalahla umlomo (ot ama-
\iri) nje, it is of no use (talking), you are
merely throwing away your mouth (or words)
i. e. speaking in vain, to no effect.

Phr. benyiyc 'kulahla amehlo lat'Mazele, I
have been to have a last look at Mazele (be-
fore he dies).

hade silahla nyamelth, singapati nga'za-
ndhla, long have we been burying people
{i.e. seeing them for the last time) by the
eyes, without touching them with the hands
— as may be said sighingly by one who has
just heard of another death of some friend
he has only recently seen.

baye 'kulahla amatuuya kona, they have
gone to have a last try, a last resource (be-
fore giving up).

ixinkomo xiyishaye xayitedila intsimu lea-
'Bani, the cattle have cleared off and done
with So-and-so's field.

was'eti makaxilahle amatambo kanye,
thereupon he thought, let me throw away
my bones once and for all, i. e. he became
desperate, threw himself desperately into the
affair (all patience having been expended).

P. ncilo uyilahlile intcfc, the iicilo has
thrown away, or finished off, the grasshopper
i.e. it is all up with it (the grasshopper)
now — said of any irretrievable loss or irre-
parable damage, as when a vessel gets broken,
a man succumbs to disease, or the whole
of one's crops gets cleared off by cattle.

uku-lahlwa kwexingane, the burying of the
infants. — When an epidemic of disease
breaks out in the land, the mothers of the
locality assemble together, each bearing a
small child ou the back, and betake them-
selves, singing as they go, to a place by the
river where there is a broad stretch of sand.
Arrived there, they proceed to dig large holes
into each of which they plant a child and

Y

LA

345

LA

cover it up to the neck with sand. There-
upon the mothers set up a wailing- (iei-lilo),
as at the burying of a person. By this means
they are supposed t<> propitiate something
or Bomebody of whom they nowadays know
nothing, and the epidemic will presumably
come to an end. Cp. um-Shopi.

ubu-Lahlabantu floe. ebu-Lahlabantu;
s.t.),n. General name for any place of
execution. See u-Lasha.

Lahlana, v. Bury one another, as below.

Ex. aiyakulahlana nawe, we shall cling
together as friends till death do us part (the
one dying first being buried by the sur-
vivor). See u-Sifasilahlane.

isi-Lahlane, n. Very strong beer or snuff
'that sends them all flying'; also (NJ =
n-Sifa-silahlane.

um-Lahlankosi (s.k.),n.5. — um-Pafa
(from its being used to cover the grave
of the chief).

i(li)-Lahle, n. Cinder, whether still red with
fire, or dead ; piece of charcoal ; piece of
coal (mod. — ama-Lahle, coal); very
dark-skinned person (— i-nKanyimba)
[Sw. makaa, cinders; Reg. makala; Her.
e-kara, cinder].

Phr. senyiklexi nelahle emhlana, I am now
sitting with a live-cinder on my back (which
behind me I cannot get off) — said of any
painful misfortune that has befallen one and
of which he cannot rid himself, as a law-
suit, a person dangerously sick on one's
hands, etc.

Lahleka (s.k.), v. Get lost, as a person's
money, or as the person himself when
travelling, or when going astray in his
talk.

Ex. ngalahlekelwa itnali endhleleni, I got
lost for by my money i. e. I lost my money
on the way.

ingilahlekele indhlela, the path has got lost
for me i. e. I have lost the path.

salaklekelana naye oTukela, we got lost for
one another with him i. e. we lost each other,
at the Tukela.

Laka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti lasha,
lakasha.

i(li)-Laka (s.k. — mostly in plur. ama-La-
kaj, n. Soft palate, of the mouth, in front
of the uvula. Cp. i(U)-Nkanka\ u-Go-
vana [Na. e-laka, tongue; Her. e-raka,
tongue; Bo. lu-laka, jaw; Sw. ki-daka,
uvula; Go. ma-laka, mouth].

Phr. ilaka lake lib/, he has a bad tongue
i. e. says bad, undesirable word.-.

usho nembala ilaka lake na'' do you
really speak his very own words.' See '(H)-
Lomo.

u(lu)-Laka (s.k.), n. Fierce temper; violent
anger, wrath, ire; rage; ferociousness,
wildness, as of ;i beast [Her. t-ruka,
anger; Sw. Itrkali],

Ex. unolaka lowo'muntti, he is a fierce-tem-
pered person is thai.
isilwane esinolaka, a ferocious beast.

Laka laka, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. laka-

zn.

isi-Lakalaka (s. k.), n. Thing just seen faint-
ly glimmering in the distance, or in the
dark; hence, thing conspicuously small,
alone, deep-sunken, etc. see lokoza
isi-Lakata.

Lakanca, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
lekence.

Lakasha, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), r. ukuti la-
sha.

Lakashela (s. /::), r. Throw food (ace.)
lump-wise into the mouth, as one eating
greedily = ukuti lakasha.

Lakata, ukuti (Lakatha, ukuthi), v. = loko-
za.
Lakata (Lakatha), v. = lokoza.
isi-Lakata (Lakatha), n. — isi-Lakalaka.

Lakaza (s.k.), v. = lokoza; also, show
anger, be wrathful with a person (ace.
with ela form ).

i(li)-Lakazane (s.k.),n. = isi-Qandn.

Lake (Lakhe), poss. adj. His, her
ake.

Lako (Lakho), poss. adj. Thy, your- see
ako.

Laku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), r. Pick or take
up anything (ace.) quickly (with one or
both hands), as a dog a bone, or a per-
son anything to put in bis pocket la-
kuza. Cp. ukuti tasi.

Lakuza, v. = ukuthi laku, yabula.

Lalafperf. lalile; st. perf. tele), v. Lie, lie
clown (gen. with pantsi), as a person
to rest; sleep, whether lying or sitting
(gen. with ubu-Tongo ) ; pass the night,
put up for the night, as at any particular
place (loc. ) when travelling; lie upon,
as upon any article (ace. or with pezu)
that may be beneath one; hence, have
sexual "intercourse externally, as a
young man with a girl (ace. or with
na cp. ping a; hlobonga)\ lose fla-
vour, become flat or insipid, as food
by standing, or as a person whose
beauty is spoilt by some disagreeable
feature; remain or be left over till the
following season, as a cow that has miss-
ed being covered in its proper season,
or food-supplies that are not yet finished

LA

when the new crops are harvested; be
very plentiful or numerous, as locusts,
vermin, or supplies of any kind (oft. in
perf.) [Sw. lala, lie, sleep; Her. rara].

Ex. mus'ukulala, umfundisi eshumayela,
you mustn't sleep while the minister is
preaching.

usable, he is still lying down, or is still
asleep.

myakulala-pi namhla? where will you get
to for the night to-day?

ieantsi elihle kangaka kalilali umuntu
onjengaut, such a hue sleeping-mat does uot
sleep [i.e. does uot lend itself for sleep to)
such a persou as you.

isijinyi lesi sibi, silele, this pumpkin-mash
is not nice, it is fiat, flavouiless.

iKjayetrtuhlc, kodtca umximba wake walala
wati riti, he would have been uiee-looking,
but his bodily appearauce got quite spoilt
or made to lose its beauty (by some com-
monness or unattractiveness).

k'nkomaxd ilele nonyaka, this cow is this
year resting over for the uext season i. e.
has missed being effectually covered.

umbila ku'Bani walala, with So-and-so the
mealie-supply took her over into the next
season (she had so much).

' We! 'Baui, kukona anianxi na?' 'Aya-
lala, kawaviiki!' 'I say, So-and-so, is there
any water there?' 'It is covering all, it
doesn't get up' (a play on the former word
lala ) i. e. it is in abundance.

abtlele 'Into lapo! there's nothing to fear
there (sarcastically)! he won't set the Thames
on fire! —said of an utterly useless, imbecile
person.

ttttaala \ilele kuye, lice cover him, i.e. he
ifi lull or covered with lice.

uBani ulele esikolisile; silele sikubomle,
So-and-so has gone to bed to-day having
played us a hue game, served us a pretty
trick; we have gone to bed having seen
something (quite out of the ordinary).

uku-lalwa ama-.olo, to be come dowu upon
and covered with dew, as anything left out
over-night (not from passing through dewy
grass).

uku-lala indoda, to commit sodomy.

uku-lala kanye, to have a sleep or single
slumber. Cp. ukuti qubasha.

uku-lala ngamanxi, to go to bed on water,
i. e. without having eaten, with an empty
stomach, See ukuti mahla.

uku-lala ngendhlu, to lie about against the
hut i. e. to be kept staying indoors, confined
to the hut, as one chronically ill.

uku-lala pexu (lacenfo), to lie upon a thing
i. t. to keep carefully by, as a woman keep-
ing a supply of corn (ace.) out of sight for
economy sake in time of dearth.

uku-lala ngenkomo, to stretch out or get

346 LA

extended outwards at the flanks, as a group
of hunters or dancers, when they wish to
extend their Hue, or surround a buck, some
going off in a long line towards one hand,
others going off towards the other, and in
such a way that in following one another
their shields, being all carried on one side,
present a long picture of cow's-hide, as of a
beast lying dowu.

i(li)-Lala (Laala), n. Kind of fan-leaved
palm ( Hyphcene crinita ), growing along
the coast, and whose leaves are much
used for basket-making [Skr. tala, a
palm; MZT. chi-lala, palm-leaf; Her.
e-vare, palm-leaf].

Ex. isigqoko selala, a straw-hat.

i(li)-Lala, n. One of an amaLala clan (such
as mainly occupy Natal); Native iron-
smelter and smith (prob. from this trade
having been mainly carried on by mem-
bers of such clans — see isi-Tando);
sometimes applied, for a similar reason,
to a 'rain-doctor'.

um-Lala (Laala), n. 5. One of the tendons
running along each side of the back of
the neck, and commonly used for bind-
ing on assegai-blades — um-Sundulo.
Phr. uku-dhlana imilala — see dhlana.

u(lu)-Lala, n, Edge or outskirts of a wood
or forest. Cp. u(lu)-Gu.

ubu-Lala, n. — see Bulala.

ubu-Lala, n. Dialectic peculiarity of the
ama-Lala tribes (C.N.)

i(li)-Lalamanzini, n. Any water-animal, as
otter, crocodile, etc.

um-Lalamvubu, n. 5. Morning mist, lying
low (not moving) over marshy places.
Cp. i-nKivezane, i-nKungu.

urn-La I an dh I e, n. 5. Any wild i. e. outside-
living animal (not kraaled or domestic-
ated ) — used of a single beast or herd
of cattle which habitually sleep out on
the veldt.

isi-Lalane, n. Dwarf variety of the i-Lala
palm, and not much valued for its leaves.

um-Lalane, n. 5. Old grass lying dry and
long (among the newer growth) having
been left unburnt off during last season
( cp. ' \i(li)- Qubula ; i(li)-Shuqula ) ; any
' sleepy ' thing, as a slow dazy-looking per-
son, a sleepily-going bullock, imperfectly
cooked and hence unpleasantly tasted
food, or any "object which is not decided-
ly ugly and yet cannot be called pleasing
(— um-Sizilo; see i(li)-Hlule).

i(li)-Lalanyati (Lalanyathi), n. = i(li)-Rrolo.

Lalaza, v. Whet or give a smooth edge to
an axe (ace.) or the like by rubbing on
a stone (= lola); also = yalaza; act

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347

LA

or speak boldly, recklessly, as one going
forward into danger, or doing regard-
less of the feelings of others.
um-Lalazi, «. 5. Certain kind of soft sand-
stone, used for whetting knives, etc.;
hence, any kind of whet-stone.

um-Lalaziko (s. k.), n. 5. Food left, only
partly cooked, on the hearth over-night,
to be re-cooked afresh on the morrow;
law-case or similar affair that has been
postponed or left unsettled (see ama-
Laza).

Lalela, v. Listen to a person (ace. or ku)
speaking; obey, as a child its parents
( ace. or ku = zwa ) ; lie in wait for,
as a person lying concealed for some
passer-by (ace).

Phr. inkomaxi le ilaUlue nonyaka, this

o w has been remained over for i. t. ha*

missed being covered this year — dele, ila-
■.//«.

um-Lalela, n. 5. Only in the phrase uBani
walala umlalela wafuti, So-and-so
slept an everlasting sleep, the long sleep
of death.

um-Laleli, n. 1. Listener.

P. ibuzi Vaxiwa umlahli — see i(li)-Buxi.

Lalelisa, v. Feel relief temporarily, feel
easier, as a man sick or in pain (used
in perf.).

Ex. ngisalalelisile nanildanje, I am uovv
a little better or relieved to-day.

isi-Lali, n. Benighted traveller, a traveller
putting up anywhere for the night.

Lalisa, v. Make to lie down, as a strong
wind might crops (ace.) in the field;
lull or make to sleep in any way, as a
nurse a child (ace.) ; sleep with a person
(ace), by way of keeping him company;
put up a person (ace.) for the night; put
off one's guard, throw dust in one's
eyes, by specious crafty talk or action
(= wisa).

Ex. umusa wake mukulu, elalisa ixilali,
his kindness is very great in putting up
night-befallen travellers.

Phr. uku-lalisa amaxwi, to tone down,
soften down words that have been over-
strong, offensive, incriminating, etc.

uku-lalisa ixindhlebe, to close the ears bo
as not to hear what is being said offensively,
etc., to pay no attention to it.

uku-lalisa ixinkope, to look very good ■/. e.
to craftily put on appearances of simplicity,
abstemiousness, courtesy, etc., as occasion
requires.

wataliswa ngomlaliso, he has beeu made
a sleepy weak-miuded kind of person by
means of an um-laliso q. /;.

um-Lallso, n. 5. Certain Native medicine
(consisting of hycena-skin, etc.) which,
when administered to a person by an
um.-takati, is said to make him became
of a sleepy weak-minded nature.

La\o, poss. adj. Its — see a/o.

isi-Lalo, n. Old painful bruise or con-
tusion that has not healed internally,
and situated on any part of the body
(save the head, where it is termed
inGozi); lingering pain in one's heart,
which time does not seem to heal = isi-
Xwazi.

Laluka (s. k.), v. — sanguluka.

Lamba (Lambha), v. Hunger, experience
want of food. Cp. lambata; i-nDhlulu
[Lat. fames, hunger; Mai. fapar, be
hungry].

Ex. idambile, he is hungry.

ugalamba, he doesn't get enough to eat.

isi-Lambalala (Lambha lata), n. Certain
Native medicine (consisting of grey
lumps of alligator's dung, etc.), used as
a prophylactic against an i(li)-Dhliso.

N.B. A person who, by any ill-luck, shall
take internally poison that has been set for
him by an umtakaii, will, if he have at any
previous time partaken of au isi -lamba la In,
immediately vomit the whole draught up.
In these present unregenerate days, since
the Whiteman has infested the land, the
virtue somehow or other is said to have gone
out of the alligator's dung! Perchance the
adulteration of drugs as a newly acquired
art among Native druggists, may account
for the change.

Lambalaza (Lambhalaza), v. — yambala-
za.

Lambalazi, ukuti (Ldmbhalazi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti nyabalazi.

i(li)-LambalidhlilefZrt/w6Aa//c/A///^, n. Per-
son with a small stomach, which.
even after a full meal, never shows any
distension (lit. one who is still hungry
even after having eaten).

Lambata (Lamb hatha), v. Be quite de-
stitute, or utterly wanting in anything,
as a man of stock (ace), a country trees,
etc. (— hlonga); be absolutely wanting,
deficient, absent, as cattle, trees, etc. in
any locality.

um-Lambata (Lambhatha), n. 5. Person
quite destitute of property, etc.

Lambisa (Lamb his a), v. Draw in the
stomach (ace), as children are wont to
do so as to make them appear hungry;
make thin by laying on insufficient clay.
as a woman does a pot (ace.) when
making it (cp. eekula ).

LA

348

LA

Ex. uBani uijalambisa ixitsha take, So-
and-so makes her vessels thin i. e. makes
thin vessels, doesn't give them enough clay.

u m- Lam bongwenya (Lain bhongwenya),
it.,'). One of a section of the um-Xapo
regiment, from the military kraal where
they were stationed. Cp. i-mVuemnya-
ma.

Lambu, ukuti (Lambku, ukuthi), v. uku-

ti las/ia.

Lam\, poss. adj. My see ami.

Lamu, udi<. part, being a strong entreaty
to part or desist, addressed to persons
fighting, and somewhat similar to the
cry 'peace!', 'stay!' (the word being-
intended merely to stop the fighting,
not to soothe the heart of the wronged
party, for which shele would be used).
Cp. hi inula [Sw. lalama, appeal for
mercy or help; (la. Bo. la inula, judge].

Ex. lamu, 'info wetu, hindulcu kaxisixi,
ile-^ist. brother, sticks don't give help.

um-Lamu, n. 1. Wife's brother or sister,
brother-in-law; brother's wife's brother
or sister. Cp. ubu-Kwe [Sw. mivamu,
husband's brother; amu, father's bro-
ther].

Lamula, r. Put apart, separate, make desist
from fighting, as people (ace.), dogs,
balls, etc., whether by entreaty or by
force; separate or get away a person
or thing (ace.) from any danger, injury,
etc., against which it is supposed-
ly fighting — hence, go to its rescue or
aid, as a man going to help a bullock
ur wagon out of the mud in which it is
stuck (ukii-yi-lamulela odakeni), or a
l.oy running to part the cattle from the
corn they are eating (uku-wa-lamulela
ezinkomeni), or a woman going to get
another out of her fight against the
weeds by giving her a hand {uku-m-la-
m it I <■! a nkuleni). Cp. lamu.

u-Lamula, n. Lemon [Eng.].

Lamuza, v. Take another or second wife
from the one same kraal L e. a sister
of the first wife, who is already by
affinity the um-Lamu. of the man.

Landa, v. Follow after along its track or
course, i.e. trace, pursue, follow up, as
a man might a wild-beast (ace.) or a
murderer (but landela if the object be
II in view); go after i.e. go for, fetch,
anything (ace.) from another place;
follow i.e. keep to or act according to,
as a tribe following its peculiar customs
(ace.); follow ?'. e. take after, as a child
resembling it- parents (ace.) in feature
or character; follow a matter (in speech)
i.e. relate or narrate it (ace.) fully

through all its course — sometimes mere-
ly equivalent to 'tell' [Chw. lata, fol-
low; Sw. fuata, follow; leta, fetch; Bo.
landula, answer].

Ex. landa, sixwe, tell away, and let us hear.
landa amaxwi alec, follow or give his own
words.

ingane ilande uyise ngamaxinyo, the child
has taken after its father as to its teeth.

uku-xi-landd, to give an account of one-
self, tell one's story.

Phr. selilanda abaliiui (ox abalindi) — see
i(li)-Langa.

i(li)-Landa, n. Kind of white heron or
egret (Herodias brachyrhyncha and H.
alba). Cp. i-nGerre.

um-Landa, n. 1. Term applied by any
member of the husband's family (the
husband using wami, the others wetu)
to any member of the wife's family
(except her father and mothers, who
are u-mamezala). Cp. um-Kwenya.

ubu-Landa floe. ebu-Landa),n. = ubu-Kwe.
See umu-Zi.

u(lu)-Landandhlovu, n. Fancy name ap-
plied to any member of the u(lu)-Ve
regiment.

Landela, v. Follow i. e. proceed behind
or after, as one man walking behind
another (ace.) or in later succession;
follow or keep to the particular words
(ace.) of a person or document, Cp.
landa; landisa [Sw. andama, follow].

Landelana, v. Follow one another, succeed
one another, as two kings, days, etc.

Ex. wowwpuxa ixintsuku zibe mbili %ila-
ndelene, you shall drink it (the medicine)
on two successive days.

Landelisa or Landelisela, v. Cause to follow
after (as a thing sent (ace.) or the per-
son (ace.) sent to ) i. e. send after ; send
after to; follow up.

Ex. sebeyay ilandelisa ngcxinkomo, they are
now sending along after her (the betrothed
girl who has already returned to her home),
are following her up with cattle (for her
lobola ).

wamlandelisa nge&ituko (or ngainatshe), he
sent after him (as he was walking away)
i.e. shouted after him insulting words (or
threw after him stones ).

bamlandelisa ngesigijinni (or balandeliaa
isigijimi siye 'hdi), they seut a messenger
after him (to say).

uyalandeliselwa ixinqola eximbili, he is
being followed up by two wagons (conveying
his goods).

um-Landeliselo, n. 5. Thing sent after one,
as above e.g. abusive language, missile
thrown after one, etc.

LA

Landisa, v. Make a person (ace.) to follow
an affair or report (ace.) i. e. tell him,
relate to him fully; cause a person (ace.)
to relate fully an affair (ace), make him
give an account of it, as a magistrate a
witness in a trial. Cp. hawuzela, xoxela.

um-Landu, n. ;">. Old offence which has
now become a cause of hereditary en-
mity, as between two families or clans.

Ex. yiloku bavela, bawubamba umlandu,

ever since they were born, they have clung
to the old enmity.

P. umlandu ubanjwa inhume, the old of-
fence is taken up by the centipede (i.e. by
the son — the centipede, as is known, coin-
ing out of the old block when il is struck,
and biting the offender).

Landula, v. Reply in the negative, generally;
hence, plead non-possession or non-
existence, of anything (ace.) asked for;
plead inability to answer a request to
do something; reply that a thing is not
as stated.

Ex. nyabuxa uinbila; wawalandula, I en-
quired about mealies ; he pleaded uou-
possession or non-existence i. e. he said he
had none, he said there were none, he said
none were to be got (= wati kawuko).

Phr. ngixa 'kumlandala uMxila, I have
come to say that there is no Mzila, i. e- I
have come to report his death.

uMxila us'elandidwa, Mzila is already re-
ported as non est, i. e. is already stated to
be dead — this might be said of one already
dead, or still alive though already at death's
door.

namhla kafikc ukufa okulandula h inkomo,
to-day there has arrived a disease which says
there are no longer any cattle, i. e. which
leaves them absolutely non-existent.

isikonyane safumana umbila us'ul'ikaba,
sashaya salandula, sapundhla nemiti, the
locusts fouud the mealies already growing
plants; they cleared them off and said there
were none (i.e. nothing left), they stripped
even the trees.

ulni-xi-landulda, to say no for oneself,
plead inability, no knowledge, no connection
with so-and-so.

isi-Landuli, n. One come to landula ano-
ther i. e. to report his death, as a mes-
senger specially sent, or a survivor who
escapes to bring the bad news of the
death of others; applied to locusts ( =
isi-Konyane — see phrase above) 'which
come to report that nothing is left.'

Ex. kula/mbata nesilandtdi entsimini, there
is wanting even a single survivor (to report
the catastrophe) in the field i.e. there is not
a single blade left.

um-Landwana, n. 5. = um-Lanjwana.

the »iin

uld i.e.
an hour

349 LA

i(li)-Langa, n. Sun; sun's heat; sunshine;
day )'. e. period of sunlight ( u(lu)-
Suku); handsome nice-looking person,
of any colour ( u(lu)-Baqa, um-Ceko)
rSkr. lag hn, light; agni, lire; B.u-langa,
heaven; Ang. ka-lunga, sky; Mbu. ft-
tangwa, sun; Sw. ang a, atmosphere or
upper air; Ga. bang a, air; Kag. ku-
langa, to see; Mpo. Hang a, sunlight;
Mai. lanit, sky J.

Ex. ilanga selipumile, selishonile,

has already risen, has already set.

seli lidala, it (the sun) is already
has been out, some time perhaps
or so).

skenha, selishonile, be quick, it (the sum
is already down (as may l>e said at any time
during the late afternoon ).

ngahli ilanga elis'ekanda, by this sun that
is over our heads, i. c. on this presenl day.

sasuka, ilanga lipuma, we started, as the
sun rose.

safika, ilanga lishona, we arrived, as the
sun set.

ilanga libalele namhlanje, the sun is hot
to-day.

utand'ukuhlala elangeni, he likes to sit in
the sun.

kalcungeni ilanga, the sunshine doesn't
enter.

Phr. kuyakupela ngelanga, it will come to
an end in no time.

selilanda abalimi, it (the sun) is now re-
turning to fetch out the ploughmen i. e. is
returning from the winter solstice 1N1.

selilanda abalindi, it (the sun ) is now re-
turning to fetch out the bird-watchers /. s.
is returning from the summer solstice iN |.

libelee, uUgciue! look at it for the la<t
time! — as a threat to do for one this very
day.

wolibamba, Imgashoni! catch hold of it
I the sun), that it may not go down! — shout-
ed after a naughty child who is running off
from punishment, but who will not lie able
to avoid the setting of the sun. which will
bring him home again.

ilanga laxe laya >i<i<>niini for laxt taya
ngendhlu yalo or ngomutsha wenduna), angi-
bonaxe ngidhla, till the sun went down. 1
never ate a thing.

ilanga selingene ku'nina, the mid has now
set, or got to it< extreme southern point <<\

setting M'.N.I.

umuniu onga' langa Votitca uSqobok .

person who is like the sun at which Nqo-
boka warms himself i.e. like 1 1 i * - rising sun,
tfqoboka having lived down near the sea
'where the sun rises' = a beautiful, fair i.e.
light brown or yellow skinned, person.

si lidhliica ixixenxi (en ihU \ i em is( ■'■■ ni), it
(the sun i is now being eaten up by the ixi-

LA

CMMse (which live in its rays) i.e. is just
upon setting, with the disc just sinking into
the horizon.

iaalukaxi lesi ses'ote amalanga amabili,
this old woman already warms herself at
two suus (the morning and evening) i.e. is
very aged — of an old man or i(li)-Xegu is
is said amalanga amatatu or three suns.

sabopela, seknV ilanga leximpisi, we iu-
apanned when it was already the sun of the
hyoeuas i. e. when the sun was down, though
still shining ou the more elevated hillsides.

umuntu ohhtpeka pants i kwelanga, a per-
son who is afflicted under the sun /. e. is
troubled under the fire of desires he shall
never attain to, impossible of realisation.

imkabi (or inkunxd) y amalanga! expressing
admiration at any 'tine, powerful old beast'
— also jocularly applied to a man.

P. okit'lanya lishona lingena'ndaba xalo,
there is no sun that sets without its affairs
/. e. every day has its own troubles or
events.

um-Langa, >/. 5. White opaque spot or

overgrowth on the eyeball from cataract

= isi-Shazi. Cp. isi-Bi; uin-Tuqtoa.
i(li)-Langabi, //. Flame, of fire, lamp, etc.;

pains of severe inflammation. Comp.

i(li)-Koza [Her. oru-yaka, flame; Sw.

mwangaza, blaze; tangaza, to blaze].
Ex. kustika amalangabi esinyeni, there

arise burning pains in the bladder or lower

abdomen.

Phr. wasuka amalangabi, he set off, or

got, passionately hot, as when getting heated

in talk, or burning with irresistible desire

after anything.

Langata (Langatha), v. Desire a thing
(ace.) ardently, long for passionately —
langaza.

Langaza or Langazela, v. Desire or long
for a thing ardently (— langata ) ; flame,
flame up, blaze (for which languza is
commoner) [Sw. tangaza, blaze about].

Languza or Languzela, v. Flame, flame up,
flare up, blaze, as a candle, or a fire
(cp. vuta); (less freq.) = langata.

um-Lanjwana, n. 5. Pregnancy in an un-
married girl; applied also to the result-
ing child. Cp. i(li)-Zanenkande.

Ex. wayibeka umlanjwana, he placed in
her an umlanjwana i. e. put her in child
' before any marriage).

yatola umlanjwana, she got an umlanjwa-
na i. e. became pregnant before marriage.

Lanqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be dense, thick,
as a mist, or smoke; be full, or heavy,
in the air, as a strong pervading smell,
whether good or bad; be of great body,
all-filling, as a great confusion or din

350 LA

of noise that makes the air, as it were,
thick with it — ukuti ngci.

Ex. kitsimxe hute lanqa umsindo, it is

just deafening with noise.

Lanti lanti, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Scatter
sparsely about here and there, as seed
(ace.) in a field; look about here and
there, from side to side, as one shy or
confused, e. g. a boy caught doing
wrong; be so scattered sparsely about,
as seed, mealies growing in a field, or
kraals in a district — ukuti pose pose.

Lantiza (a. t.), v. — ukuti lanti lanti.

Lanxa lanxa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — lanxazu.

Lanxaza, v. Be seen 'gleaming' hidden in
the depth, used of a person's eyes when
deep-set or sunken, or any object far
down at the bottom of a pit = lokoza.

um-Lanya, n. 1. = um-Lamu.

u-Lanyazine, n. Certain love-charm used
by young-men.

ubu-Lanzi, n. State of incompleteness, used
of anything not fully made up, or com-
plete in its parts, as a snuff-box wanting
snuff, woman lacking seed for fields, a
hoe without a handle, field with nothing
sown in it.

Ex. umfaxi wake us'eklezi 'bulanzi, his
wife is now living in an incomplete state

— may-be without her child who has died
or gone away on a visit, or alone without,
herhusband who is away working or travel-
ling.

Lapa (Lap ha), adv. Here, in this place
[Sw. hap a; Bo. haha; San. Go. baha;
Her. opu; MZT. pano; Ngu. Ze. hanu;
Kamb. vaha; Ar. hand; Hi. yahan].

Ex. yangena lapa, nomlenze, it (the bullet)
entered here, in this part, ou the leg.

mus'ukudhlula ngalapa kwendhlu, you
mustn't pass by this side of the house.

abantwana bake balapa, his children are
here i.e. so many (shown ou the fingers).

umlomo wake idapa, her mouth is out
here ( with pouting — indicated by the hand )
i. e. she is awfully sullen, in the sulks about
something.

idapa, he is here (pointing high), sky-high,
in a towering rage (C.N.).

waba I'uto hdapa, he was a thing up here
= he was in a great furv (C.N.) — see u(lu)-
To.
Lapa-ya (Lapha-yd — final particle pro-
longed,), adv. Over there, yonder.

Ex. lapa-ya, kwentaba, on the other side
of the hill.

hamb'iddulc lapa-ya, go and sit over there.

Lape lape, ukuti (Lap he Idphe, ukuthi), v.

— ukuti pose pose.

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351

LA

Lapeza (Laphesa), v. = ukuti pose pose.

Lapi (Laphi), adv. Where? in which place?

Lapo (Lapho), adv. There, at that place ;
then, at that time ; where •'. e. at the
place that; when i.e. at the time that.
Cp. lap a.

Ex. kwaku yilapo ngibonayo, it was thou
that I saw.

ngisho, lapo ugezayo, I mean, when you
are washing.

unoxaka wombelca lapo ihamba kona inyu-
maxane, you must place the trap there where
the buck goes.

konke lapo, all that time.

Lasha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Throw or cast
anything (ace.) down out of sight into
an abyss, deep pit, down a precipice,
etc., as a man throwing a dead carcase
into a deep pit, or a stone into a deep
pool ; hence, throw food (ace.) lump-wise
into the mouth, as when eating meat,
potatoes, etc., greedily (= lashela, uku-
ti lakasha, ukuti loshe, ukuti laka);
get thrown down into i. e. go down into
out of sight, as the dead carcase (nom. ),
or stone, above = lashaza, ukuti toto-
lolo, ukuti lambu.

u-Lasha floe. kwa'LashaJ, n. Abyss, deep
pit, pool or precipice, down which a
thing may be cast and go down deep
out of sight — such spots were frequently
selected as places of execution, as at
kwa'Nkata, etc. (= ebuLahlabantu) =
u-Totololo.

N.B. This is the best word for gehenna
or hell, the 'bottomless pit.'

Lashaka (s. k.), v. Get cast down into, as
above.

Lashaza, v. Cast a thing (ace.) down into,
as above; allow the ibeshu (as a man)
or isidwaba (as a woman) to hang low
down behind showing the buttocks (i.e.
kweziqandayo). Cp. i(li)-Kexe; tebisa.

Lashela, v. Throw food (ace.) lump-wise
into the mouth, as when eating greedily
= ukuti lasha.

Lasi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti hlasi.
Lasila, v. = hlasila.
Laso, poss. adj. Its — see aso.
Lata lata, ukuti (Latha latha, ukuthi) v. =
latazela.

isi-Latalata (Lathalatha),n. Mentally imbe-
cile person who would 'lose his head',
act idiotically, upon the least distur-
bance.

Latazela (Lathazela), v. Act in a stupidly
embarrassed, aimless, rambling manner,
as one hopelessly confused, or who has
utterly lost his presence of mind, as on

an outbreak of fire, a death, or any
work = ukuti lata lata.

Lavu lavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = lavuea.

isi-Lavulavu, n. Anything burning or scald-
ing hot, as boiling water, food just from
the pot, a red-hot iron, a Bcorching sun,
or burning wind.

Lavuza or Lavuzela, v. Be burning or scald-
ing hot, as above; talk away 'scorching'

lies (arc), as a practised liar.

Lawa, disting. adj. These used for plur.

nouns of the second class, having the
pi'efix ama.

Lawa-ya, disting. adj. Those over ther^,
over yonder — as above.

um-Lawe, n. 6. Medicinal mixture taken
by a man who has buried another, and
aiso administered to the stock of a kraal
in which a death has occurred, in order
to strengthen against otherwise ill ef-
fects. Cp. i(li)-Kubalo; um-Kunuso.

Lawo, disting. adj. Those — used with
nouns plur. of the second cl. having the
prefix ama; also poss. adj. its — see awo.

i(li)-Lawu, //. Hut of unmarried man or
boys, or unmarried girls, in a kraal;
private hut of a married man; some-
times applied to the hut of a recently
married bride, from its having been
previously known as an i-lairu (= i(li)-
Qata); Hottentot, or similar yellow-
coloured half-breed, as Griquas (X. fr.
Xo.).
Phr. uku-ya, or uku-rnenywa, elavoini, to

g">

or to be invited into the man's hut

the term used to express the periodical cal-
ling of any wife of a polygamous man into
the husband's hut for conjugal purposes.

ubu-Lawu, n. Love potion or medicinal
charm of any kind (mostly consisting of
herbs), as so commonly used by youn^-
men in their dealings with girls [Ga.
bu-sau, charm ; Bor. lay a, charm ; Adam.
laiya, charm].

Lawula, v. Gossip, talk or chatter away,
as a loquacious person (~ Interna);
speak sportively, lightly, joke ( — ntcla )
[Skr. las, sport; Lat. ludo, I play; Her.
kauka, play a trick],

Phr. wawuhlaba, wowulawda, he raised it
(the alarm) aud kept it up (by continuous
shouting).

isi-Lawuli, n. One given to incessant chat-
tering, or sportive talking.

Lawuza, v. Gossip, talk or chatter away.
= lawula, levuya.

Ex. wangiutwuxela indaba yokuhatnba loca-
te emaBanicini, he chattered away for me
tbe story <>I his journeyings among the Boer*.

A

LA

Laya, v. Correct or set a person (ace.)
right authoritatively by word or action
— hence, direct, instruct, order, enjoin,
or admonish by speech of an authorita-
tive nature, as to his duties, behaviour,
and the like, as a watchful parent his
child (ace), or a master those subordi-
nate to him; correct a person (ace.) by
flogging-, fining, or punishment of any
kind = yala [Her. ray a, order; Ga. la-
giza, order; Sw. agiza, order].

Laye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Breath one's last,
give up the ghost, depart life — laye-
la, ukuth yale.

Layeka (s.k.),v. Get instructed, etc., as
above; be sensible to admonition.

Ex. lo'mfana kalayeki, this boy gets no
admonition (from anyone), or is beyond
admonition, will not allow himself to be cor-
rected.

Layela, r. Direct a person (ace.) to some-
one or something (ace, or with ku) or
somewhere (loc); give directions to a
person (ace.) about something (ace. or
with nga); breath one's last, give up
the 'ghost,' as man or beast (see isi-
Kwehlela) == yalela.

Ex. icasilayela induna for enduneni), he
directed us to the induna.

awungilayele ixinkomo wmlungu, may you
direct m ■ to the cattle of the whiteinan."

ub'es'elayele umfana ukudhla, he had already
given directions to the boy (showing) the
food, or had already directed the boy to the
food.

wahamba emlayele (umfaxi) ngotshwala, he
hit after having given directions to her ( the
wife) about the beer = wahamba emlayexiU
utshwala,.

us'eyalayela, he is already breathing his
last, has reached hie last moments ( not in
his last agony — see ixi-Kwehlela).

is' if? nya, is'ilayele, it ( the bullock i is
now quite dead, it has already breathed its

last.

Layeza, v. Give directions or orders to a
person (ace.) for something (ace.) or
about something (with nga); give di-
rections or orders for something (ace.)
t" somebody (with ku); give directions
or orders about a thing (with nga) to
someone (with ku); send word by a
person (ace. he carrying it as a favour
while on his way, not as a messenger
specially sent) to somebody else (with
In) for something (ace.) or about some-
thin- (with nga) = yaleza.

Ex. ngishiye ngimlayexile utshwala, or
ngotshwala, I left after having given her or-
ders for beer, or directions about the .beer.

352 LA

ngilayexile utshwala ku'Matexa, I hav^
given orders for beer to Mateza.

ngilayexile ngotshwala Icu'Matexa, I have
given orders about the beer to Mateza.

ngimlayexile Icu'Matexa utshwala, or ngo-
tshwala, I have sent word by her to Mateza
for beer, or about the beer.

Layezela, v. Give directions or orders, or
carry or give a word, on behalf of a
person (ace.) for something (ace.) to
somebody (with ku) = yalezela.

Ex. wanyilayexcla utshwala ku'Matexa, he
carried or gave a word (or message) for me
for beer to Mateza.

wongilayexela pela utshwala ku'Matexa, you
shall give word for me (i.e. a message or
order) for beer to Mateza.

' Sawule, ngilayexele iiPifa hu'Pawuh,
ukuti kaboti, Saul, take a word or directions
for me for Peter to Paul (i.e. take for me
to Paul, directions for Peter — which the
former will deliver to him ), that he shall do
so-and-so.

wox'ungilayexele iiinkomo xami ku'Matopi,
you shall get to give a word (or order) for
me for my cattle to Matopi (from whom I
want them ).

u-Layita (Lay it ha), n. Native street-des-
perado or Hooligan, given to going
about the towns in bands at night mo-
lesting and robbing other solitary Natives
[fr. the Eng. of the Zulu word kanyisa
(to light), used by Native quack-doctors
in Johanesburg when demanding their
fee and equivalent to 'pay up,' 'fork
out'].

Layo, pass. adj. Its; their — see ayo.

um-Layo, n. 5. Word of correction, enjoin-
ing, admonishing, etc. — hence, direction,
injunction, admonition, etc. (M).

Laza, v. Pass its time i. e. pass the proper
time for being dealt with or getting
finished off, as a cow that has passed
the season without being covered by the
bull, a lawsuit that has missed being-
settled at any appointed sitting or cir-
cuit, or grain that has taken one over
the season without getting finished ( used
in perf. = lala); pass its time of fresh-
ness i. e. become stale or flat, as beer
or standing food (used in perf. — tsho-
dii ) ; lose body, begin to lose flesh, as
a person who has passed his prime, or
from some wasting illness (used in perf.
■= tshoda); put on stratified clouds
(iini-Laza), as the sky (used in perf.);
also (C.N.) pass off, clear away, as a
thunderstorm that is over and the sky
clearing, or that has threatened but
passed away; sweep along, float along
on the wind, as a long plume flying out

LA

353

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'

in the wind, long grass rapidly iindula- !
ting under a sweeping wind, an eagle
sweeping along on extended wings, or j
a man 'sweeping along' (whether walk- j
ing or running) with a steady rapid
gait as though seeming to ' Fly' or 'float'.

Ex. inkomaxi yalaza, the cow did not
get mounted last season.
kwaku amabele y'ini? axe alaxa nje, was

it then corn? it just got to pass right over
into the next season.

isi-Laza, n. Beer already stale or Hat =
isi-'I'sltodo.

um-Laza, ». 5. Whey (see ama-Si) ; (with
plur.) long extended, stratified cloud or
stratus, generally prognosticating rain
or thunder (cp. um-Kwazi).

u(lu)-Laza, n. Cream.

um-Lazakazi (s.k.),n.5. = um-Lazelakasi.

u(lu)-Lazane, n. (N.) = u(lu)-Hazane.

um-Lazela or Lazelakazi (s.k.), n. 5. Cow,
etc., that has missed the proper time
for being covered, remaining over for
the next season (cp. i(li)-Fusakazi) ;
old girl or boy who has already passed
the prime without being married (with
iveqikiza or wentsizwa).

isi-Lazi, n. = isi-Shazi.

Lazi lazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti baka

baka.
Laziza, v. = ba/caza.
Lazo, poss. adj. Their — see azo.

Le, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolonged vowels v.
= leza ( of glue, etc. ) ; with no prolon-
gation = leza (of rain or garment).

Le, adv. Far away, far off [prob. akin to
de, q. v.\.

Le, distiug. adj. or pron. This -- used
with nouns sing, of the 3rd. cl. having
the prefix i-n or i-m; these — used with
nouns plur. of the 5th. cl. having the
prefix imi.

umu-Le, n. 5. Soot, as caused by smoke,
not by immediate contact with fire (see
i-nTshede).

Leba (only used in reflect, form, with zi),
v. Get oneself into a mess, or into
trouble, as by some mistaken action =
yobeka; yola; koliseka.

Ex. iirjati ngiyaeela ugwayi ku'Mdaniso,
kanti ngaxileba, I thought I would ask Mda-
niso for a pinch of snuff, but I just got my-
self into trouble.

i(li)-Lebe (mostly in plur. ama-Lebe^, n.
Chap or thick folds of the flesh of the
vulva femince (vulgar word) = ama-
Tata (polite word); (C.N.) pudenda

feminm [Mpo. o-lumbu, lip see u(lu)-

Debe, ami below].

isi-Lebe, n. Under-lip of cattle u-Vo-

kwana, i-nKamanzi [Lat. labium, lip;
Hi. lab\ Lu. mu-lamoo\ Mpo. o-lumbu;
Mai. bibir].

Lebela, r. Almost reach, or approach t",
the line of follness, completion, cU\; be
very nearly up, full, at hand, etc.

Ex. indoda is'ilebele, the man has almost
reached the full complement of years - as
when he is already very old.

(Il)i(ur.i as'c/r/jr/r cniloHJi'in ', the \v;iti-r has

nearly ruu out in the spring.

kn/cbcle na'kukbela kuye, he doesn't nearly
approach to him — in height.

amabele katcalebele na'kulebela leulo'mgodi,

the corn doesn't nearly fill up this pit /. e.
is still far from the top.

Lebu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Start, as at any
sudden surprise. Cp. etuka.

Lebuka (s. k.), v. = ukuti lebu.

Lece, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Swing or dangle
to and fro, as any long pendulous thing,
like a woman's breast when she hoes
(= lecezela); also = ukuti lekence.

i(li)-Lece, n. = i(li)-Cece.

um-Lece or Leceza, n. 5. Long pendulous
swinging thing, as a woman's breast
when very long or the slit lobe of a
person's ear or a tassel = um-Lenee.

Leceza or Lecezela, v. = ukuti lece.

Leke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Just open
one's mouth, just commence to speak
— ukuti nka.

Leke leke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. — leke-
zela.

izi or ama-Lekeleke (s. k.), u. = ama-Oe-
megeme.

Lekence, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Give a
spring or leap, as over a ditch, or
down from a box = ukuti lakanca,
ukuti galatsha, ukuti lece.

Leketa (Leketha), v. Scold away inces-
santly, as an angry loquacious woman
= leketeka.

Leketeka (Leketheka), v. = leketa.

Lekeza (s. k.), v. = gemeza; lekezela; ukuti
leke.

Lekezela (s.k.), v. Shiver, tremble (~ >/>/-
gazela); go along in a trembling, shak-
ing manner, as a very <>kl man, or one
with the palsy.

Leku leku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = lekuza.

Lekuza (s. k.), v. Nod or bob the head
up and down, to and fro, as bullocks
when walking, a drowsy person, some
females singing, ete.

S3

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354

LE

isi-Lele, u. Certain creeping plant in old
fields or bush, eaten as imifino (=
i-nKwezane); also isi-Lelele.

u(lu)-Lele, n. Feeble, drowsy kind of in-
dividual, like one besotted or of weak
mind (= >i(li()-Lelcmba, u(lu)-Nwazela);
river-moss or green slime on rocks by
the water (= i/bu-Lembu). Cp. uiu-
Lembelele.

Le le le, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Just be dozing
off, asprevious to sleep (used imperson-
ally ) = ukuti yozi.

Ex. 8ekute le le le kuye, it is now with
him just drowsing off' to sleep i. r. be is
drowsing.
isi-Lelele, n. Drowsiness, doziness.

um or u(lu)-Lelemba (Lelembha),n. 5. =

n(lu)-Lele.
um-Lelemu, u. o. = u(lu)-Yeyema»n.
Lelesa, v. = elelesa.
isi-Lelesi. n. = is-Elelesi.
Leieza, >\ = yalaza; ukuti le le le.

Leli, dieting . adj. This — used with nouns
sing, of the second class, having the
prefix i(li).

Leli-ya, (listing, adj. That over there,
that yonder — used with nouns as above.

Lelo, dieting, adj. That — used with
nouns as above.

Lemba (Lembha), v. Act or do in a slow,
lazy kind of way.

i(li)-Lembe (Leembhe), n. Native hoe (a
word now almost obsolete) = i(li)-Geja
[Sw. jembe, hoe; Bo. gembe; Nyanye.
i-gembe; MZT. ijamba].

isi-Lembe (Lembhe),n. Hollow or pit of the
stomach, below the ribs. Cp. ama-La.

um-Lembelele (Lembhelele),n. 5. Slow,
• lull, indolent kind of person, without
life or energy. Cp. u(lu)-Lele.

u(lu)-Lembu (Leuibhu),n. Spider; spider's
web i.e. dwelling, or single string; con-
ferva? or slimy moss-like vegetation
covering water or river-stones (= ubu-
Lembu); blue cotton gauze, in which the
Tonga Kafirs orginally used to trade
in Zululand ; hence, any linen or cloth
-tuff afterwards introduced from the
ith [Yan. bi-lamba, cloth; Sw. buibui,
spider; Ga. bnbi, spider; Log. lebu,
shirt].

ubu-Lembu (Lembhu), n. Spider's-web (the
material thereof); hence any similarly
fine, soft stuff, as confervas or slimy
river-moss, found on stagnant water;
tree-moss, as found hanging from the
branches; fluff, found under the bed;
fine, silken fringe (cp. i-nTsepe); or

any fine loose-textured cloth, such as
cotton-gauze that can be easily pulled
or worn into fine shreds or fringe.
Cp. i-nTatabulembu, u(lu)-Lembu.

Lembuluka (Lembhuluka),v. Get drawn
or stretched out long, as below ; be of a
tenacious nature i. e. capable of being
drawn out long ; do anything in a drawl-
ing, slow, sleepy manner, as when ris-
ing from the ground or doing any
work unwillingly, or when sauntering
along a path — jembufuka, nembuluka;
cp. nafuka.

Lembulula (Lembhulu/a), v. Draw out or
stretch out into a long string, as any
tenacious substance (ace.) like glue or a
leech (not elastic or springing back =
nweba); draw out or make take a long
time, as a piece of work (ace.) = leza,
neuibulula. Cp. nafuza.

ama-Lemulemu, n. — ama-Genutgenm.

Lence, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti lece.

i(li)-Lence, n. = i(li)-Cece.

um-Lence or Lenceza, n. 5. = urn-Lee?
or Leceza.

Lenceza, v. = leceza.

Lendhla, v. Be enervated of body, with-
out strength, fagged out, as one ill or
exhausted ; be depressed, despondent,
robbed of spirit mentally, as by grave
disappointment (used in perf. ) = yeta.

Lendhlelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
yetelele.

Lenga or Lengalenga, v. Hang, be suspend- .
ed so as to be capable of dangling
(see jika), as anything tied up by a
string to a rafter or child hanging from
a tree-branch (comp. panyeka); be
hanging on, drawn unduly out, as any
piece of work not energetically per-
formed (comp. lembulula) [Her. reka,
hang up; Sw. angika, be hanging].

Ex. umsebenxi wjalenga, the work is be-
iDg drawn out, got through in a slow
dilatory way.

Phr. uke. walenga, lie got to draw it out
long {i.e. his journey, by going a very
rouud-about way |.

selilenga Manga, the sun is just hanging
over the sky-line (of a hill), or just touch-
ing the horizon (before setting).

i(li)-Lenge or Lengelenge, n. Deep preci-
pice = isi-Wolokohlo. Cp. i-nkelekete,
i(li)- Wa.

Ex. ngapupa ngalenga emalengelengeni, I

dreamt I was hanging over or just sinking
down into deep precipices i. e. I dreamt I
was falling into an abyss.

ama-Lenjane (no sing), n. Weeds, of two

LE

kinds, growing in fields and old kraals,
and eaten as imifino.
i(li)-Lenje (Leenje), n. Volunteer, member
of a rifle association [Eng. range?].

Lenu, poss. adj. Your - used with nouns
sing, of second class — see enu.

um-Lenze, u. 5. Leg, of man; hind-leg, of

beast (see um-Kono).
Lepu, ukuti (Lephu, ukuthi),v. = lepuka;

lepula.

Lepuka (Lephuka), v. Get broken off piece-
wise, as a bit from a pot; get made to
fall off i.e. fall off (intra ns.) in pieces,
as plaster from a wall. Cp. hlepuka,
tepuka.

Lepula (Lephu I a), v. Break off pieeewise,
as a bit (ace.) from an earthen-pot
(ace); make fall or break off in pieces,
as portions of plaster from a wall. Cp.
hlepula; tepula.

i(li)-Lepula (Lephula), n. Tin-spoon, of
the stores [D. lepel, spoon].

ama-Lepulepu (Lephulephu), n. = ama-
Dhlepudhlepu.

Lepuza (Lephuza), v. Make fall in scraps
or flakes, as the heavens snow = kitika.

Lepuzela (Lephuzela), v. Go in tatters or
rags (= ama-Lepulepu).

Ex. us'elepuxeht nyexinqe, he goes about
buttock-wise (i.e. naked) in rags — from
the tattered hinder covering no longer con-
cealing the body.

Lesi, dieting, adj. This — used with nouns
sing, of the fourth cl., having the pre-
fix isi.

Lesi-ya, disting. adj. That over there, that
yonder — used with nouns as above.

Leso, disting. adj. That — used with nouns
as above.

Leta (Letha), v. Bring, in its primary sense
= zisa, fikisa [Lat. latum, brought;
Hi. lana, bring; Sw. Ga. Bo. Ro. leta;
Her. if eta; Lu. neta— perhaps akin to
landa. q. v.].

Ex, yilete lapa, bring it here.

(i&ulu) seliyaleta amafu, it (the sky) is
uow bringing up clouds.

Letelele, ukuti (Lcthelele, ukuthi), v. — uku-
ti yetelele.

Leti, plur. Letani (Lethi), imper. of leta.
Bring here! Give it here! as when one
wants a child to pass any article over
to him; the common introductory word
of a supplicatory address by a man to
the ama-Dhlozi or ancestral spirits, e. g.
when slaughtering a beast for them, or
at a wedding-dance when the bride's fa-
ther publicly presents his daughter to

355 LI

the spirits of the bridegroom's house
and asks that they grant her the grace
of offspring.

Ex. leti bo! bring it here, I Bay.

leti, wena wdkwarZungu! nanyu umntana-
»//'.' ngioela ibomvu; ngicela uhtba bala-
le bebabUi, bavuke sebebatatuJ give to us,
o! thou of the Zungu clan ! Bere is my child!
T beg for a new-born babe; I beg thai as
two they may lie, and rise np ;ts three! —
an address of a hride's father to the Bpirita
of the bridegroom's chin at a wedding-dance.

letani, nitiu 'bakiti! give to as, o! you of
our clan! — as might be said by a person
after sneezing. Sec tutuka.

u-Leti (Lethi), n. Shrub growing by rivers ;

used for burning in the fields to male
the Kafir-corn and pumpkins flourish.

Letu (Lethu), poss. adj. Our -- see etu.

isi-Levu, n. Chin (comp. isv-Lebe); beard
(comp. i(li)-Deuu; ubu-Hwanqa) [Ga.
kilevu, chin, beard; Sw. ki-devv, chin;
ndevu, beard; Reg. ndelu, beard; MZT.
cilezu, chin; Her. oru-yezu, beard].

Ex. umuntu ongena'sileiu, a rash, head-
strong person (C.N.).

u(lu)-Levu, n. Loquacity, habit of inces-
sant chattering or talking.

Levuza, v. = laumza.

Le-ya, disting. adj. That over there, that
yonder — used with nouns sing, of the
3rd. cl., having the prefix i-n or i-vi ;
those over there, those yonder with
nouns plur. of 5th. cl. having prefix imi.

Leyo, disting. adj. That — used with nouns,
as above.

Leza, v. Be or get drawn out or stretched
out in a long string, as glue or similar
tenacious substance (= lembuluka);
draw or stretch out, as above (= lembu-
lula); fall or drop down in a soft, gra-
dual manner, as a spider falling from
a roof by its web, or rain falling in a
soft continuous shower without any wind ;
be dripping wet or 'running* with water,
as a person or garment = ukuti le.

Lezi, disting. adj. These used with
nouns plur. of 3rd. and 4th. cl., having
izi for a prefix.

Lezi-ya, disting. adj. Those over there,
those yonder — used with nouns as
above.

Lezo, disting. adj. Those used with
nouns as above.

i(li)-Liba, //.. Grave (when already contain-
ing a corpse and filled up cp. ifli)-
Godi); ( by comparison ) a person already
dead or as good as dead = i(li)-Tinta,
i(Ii)-Tunti |Ya. li-lenbe, grave].

28*

LI

356

LI

Libala, v. Loiter, tarry, waste time, delay,
as a messenger with talking (inf.) on the ■
way ( comp. epuza)\ escape the memory |
of a person (ace. = kohla — used now- \
adays almost solely by women when
klonipaine the latter word); used also
in pert', hbele to express 'continually,
constantly' [Ga. elabila, forget; lua, de-
lay ; Bo. Jala, forget; Her. Kara, tarry].
Kx. bade ulibele-pi? where have you been
loitering or tarrying?

ulibelc ehleka »je, he just keeps on laugh-
ing.

Libalisa, v. Make a person (ace.) loiter or
tarry, delay or detain him = libazisa.
Cp. bambeeela.

isi-Libazi, n. Loitering, dilatory doer (cp.
isirDondi); forgetful person (= isi-Ko-
hlwa).

Libazisa, v. Make a person (ace.) loiter or
tarry, delay or detain him (= libalisa) ;
beguile away a person's time, entertain
him, as a visitor (ace.) or child by
pleasant talk or play.

Ex. nku-\i-l-ibaxisa, amuse or entertain
oneself, while away one's time by pleasant
occupation.

isi-Libaziso, )/. Any cause of loitering,
tarrying or detention; any object used
for the purpose of momentarily amusing
or entertaining a person or child pleas-
antly; hence, toy, plaything, pastime.

um-Libo, n. 5. Single runner, or shoot, of
the pumpkin or similar plants, and eaten
as imifino.

Ex. ba'mlibo munye, they are of the one
off-shoot, the same stock, as children of the
same grandfather (not father) or ancestor.

u(lu)-Libo, n. Time of the first-fruits i.e.
when the first pumpkins, gourds and
the like (not Kafir-corn, dumbis, etc.
which come later) are ripe for eating;
such first-fruits. See i(li)-Hlobo.

Ex. sebedhla ulibp, they are now enjoying
the time of new pumpkins, etc.

Li, pers.pron. It — used for nouns sing.,
nom. and ace, of the 2nd. cl„ having the
prefix i(li).

Ljki l"ki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = likizela.

i(li)-L'ikiliki (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Bikibiki.

Likizela (s. k.), v. == bikizela.

Li la, v. Weep, cry, shed tears, as a child
or (by comparison) a tree exuding sap;
wail, lament with bitter cries, as a
woman over a dead child = kala (but
nowadays seldom used in the full sense
of this latter word as applied to beasts,
birds, bells and the like, being now
almost confined to the last-given mean-

ing, although the ama-Xosa in the Cape
Colony still use it in the full sense)
[Skr. li, melt; Ar. biki, weep; Bo, Nyain.
MZT. lila; Sw. Ha; Ga. lira; Her. rira;
Lu. dila].

isi-Lili, n. Sleeping-place in a hut i.e. that

part of the floor on either side of the

hearth where the sleeping-mats are laid

- the husband appropriating one side

or isi-Lili and his wife the other.

Lilisela, v. Wail loudly with words, utter
lamentations, as a woman over a dead
person (with nga); low 'bitterly,' as a
cow for the calf; sing 'sighingly' of a
lover to the tune of the u(lu)-Gubu, as
a boy or girl singing of his or her
sweetheart.

i(li)-Liliso, n. Any cause of wailing or la-
mentation.

Lilizela, v. Cry li li li, as women showing
off their joy at a dance, etc. = kikizela.

isi-Lilo, h. Wailing, loud lamentation; par-
ticularly applied to the meeting of the
women of a neighbourhood at the kraal
of a deceased person for the purpose of
crying, after the manner of an Irish
wake.

Ex. baye esililweni, or baye 'kukala isililo
sika'Bani, they have gone to the wake or
wail ( which gen. takes place iu the morning
with the Kafirs), they have gone to cry the
wail of So-and-so (deceased).

um-Lilo, n. 5. Fire [Ga. Be. Gal. Sum. Tu.
mu-lilo; U. umu-lilo) Her-, omu-riro;
Hinz. Ku. moro; Sw. and most other
Bantu languages m-oto].

Ex. utukutele, tmg'umlilo, he is a-fire with
anger.

intsimbi isHbomra timlilo, the iron is now
red with fire i. e. red hot.

um-Lilwane (no j>liir.),n. 5. Small trans-
parent crimson bead or beads; may be
used of anything of a similar crimson
colour. Cp. um-Gazi.

Lima, v. Dig, cut up or cultivate land (ace.)
with the hoe, as do the Natives — equi-
valent to Eng. plough; cultivate, grow,
as a farmer any particular crop or plant
(ace.) [Sw. Ga. Nyam. MZT. lima; Bo.
ima; Ni. rima; San. ilima; Go. limira;
Kamb. imia ; Ze. Ngu. huira ; Mai. lamun,
to plant].

Ex. abelungu kabalimi amabele, the white-
people don't grow Kafir-corn.

uyalima ngexinkabi, uyalima ngeyeja la-
bclungu, he turns up the land by means of
bullocks, he turns up the land by means of
the hoe of the whitemen = he ploughs, or
uses a plough (not using the Native hoe as
is, or was, customary),

LI 357

Phr. umlime wamlima ekanda, he chopped
him up on the head i. <•. inflicted numerous
wounds.

i(li)-Lima, //. A combined ploughing or
hoeing, as when many people unite to
plough for a headman or a neighbour,
and applied alike to the assembled work-
ers and the land worked by them. Cp.
um-Butiso.

isi-Lima, n. One physically deformed (gen.
from birth, and in any of the limbs),
cripple; one mentally 'deformed,' an
idiot or natural fool;* hence applied to
denote anyone in a state of helpless
affliction, or in a hopeless mess. See
limala [Sw. ki-lema, deformed person;
Ga. lima, deformed; Her. omu-timbu,
cripple].

ubu-Lima, n. State or condition of being
as above.

Limala, v. Suffer or receive any injury
to body or limb, or (by comparison)
to mind, get hurt or receive an injury
that incapacitates; get injured or dam-
aged, as a pot that gets cracked or piece
of machinery that gets partly broken
(used in perf.) [Sw. lemaa, deformity].
Ex. ulimele lo'muntu, he is hurt is this
person, has received an injury (seriously),
as one who has broken his leg, lost an eye,
or gone insane.

Limaza, v. Cause to receive i. e. give or
deal a person (ace.) such an injury as
above; injure, damage, a vessel (ace).
Ex. ngohulimaxa! I shall injure you (by
a damaging blow) — used as a threat by a
man to a naughty boy.

isi-Limela, n. The Pleiades, or group of
stars which appear above the north-
eastern horizon in the early morning
during August, and so called because
they mark the season when ploughing
generally commences. See i-nKwenkwezi.
[Sw. ki-limia, Pleiades; MZT. chi-limo].

um-Limela, n. 5. Large collection of fields
on one spot, where several kraals have
their fields together = i(H)-Buya. Cp.
isi-Cakacolo.

P. umlimcla omkulu kawudhlelwa 'xele, a
great mass of ploughing has not produced
a stalk for eating i. e. much labour has come
to nothing.

u(lu)-Limi fplur. izi-Limi;, n. Tongue, of
man or beast; language, whether the
speech peculiar to any particular nation
or to any particular individual; ('only in
plur. ama-Limi;, a stuttering (pronoun-
ced), stammering (merely slight check
or impediment). See u(lu)-Dimi. [Ar.

LI

lisan, tongue,

anguage; Hi.jibh, tongue;

Sw. Bo. Kag. Ku. etc u-limi I pL ndimi | ;
Sha. Ngu. Ze. Khu. Ya. etr. lu-limi (pi.
ndimi); (\\. (Jan. Go. Heh. Gal. lu-limi
(pi. iiHi-limi); Be. Bis. lu-limi [pi. nir

nd/itti); Tu. u-limi (pi. i-liwi); V. ulu-
limi; Ru. lu-jimi; Mid. Nig. ki-iirmi;
Mpo. o-lemi; Sak. lela; observe the
source of the different plur. forms in
Zulu].

Phr. kana'lulimi lo'mfana, this boy baa

no kindness of conversation /. e. sociability
of nature, he is unsociable.
umunttt onolimi, a kindly-spoken, sociable

person.

unolimi olubi lomfw.i, this wife has a
bad tongue (causing strife, spreading evil
reports, lies, etc.).

inamalimi le'ndoda, this man has an im-
pediment in his speech (may-be a decided
stuttering or only a checking stammer).

owaku'a'Liilimi-lu'ntivctxct | or owahwaLuli-
mi-intiraxa), a double-tongued, deceitful
talker = o'ndimi'mbih.

u(lu)-Limi-lwenkomo (s.k.),n. Weed with
very broad rough leaves, used for dress-
ing the ibeshu.

isi-Limo (with plur.), n. Any kind of cul-
tivated vegetable (giving solid food), as
potatoes, dwnbis, and the like (not of
a herbaceous nature, as spinach or
greens = imi-Fino).

Linda, v. Guard, watch i. e. look after, as
after any property (ace.) or after the
thieves (ace.) that might steal it; wait
for, be on the watch for, as for a person
(ace.) coining or one who has lagged
behind (used in perf.); be of mean, aver-
age, proportionate size, quantity, eTc.,
as a man in height, beer-wort in amount
(in perf. — rarely used) [Sw. Undo,
guard; Ga. linda, wait for; Ya. Undo,
wait].

Ex. bamlindile cmLalaxi, they are waiting
for him at the Umlalazi.

kalulude, lulitidile nje, it is not too long
(the sleeping mat), it is just the right or
proportionate length.

isi-Lindamtombo (Lindamthombho), //. A
stay-at-home, 'one who looks after the
malt being got ready for beer,' applied
to one who never leaves his home through
infirmity.

isi or um-Lindankosi (s. /,-.), n. .'>. Guard
appointed to look after the king's hut.

um-Lindaziko(loc. em-Lindaziko; 8. /..), n. .',.
That part of the Native hearth immed-
iately behind the first pillar opposite
the doorwajr = um-Sindazo. Cp. um-
Oulugulu.

y.B. The i-seko or pot-stone resting in

this part of the Native hearth is always bu-

LI 358

perstitiously left in its place, nobody daring
to remove it.
i(li)-Lindishoba floe. e-Lindishoba), n. Deep
bottomless pit, an abyss (C.N. prob. fr.
Lala ) = kwa'Lasha' [cp. um-Lindi —
Append. 'Hlon.'].

Linga, v. Try, make an attempt, have a
try, as to do anything (with inf. or ace);
make a trial effort (conip. zama); try
or test by preliminary trial, as a person
(acc.) to see whether he be willing to do
something (eomp. irivinya, hlola); in-
duce by tempting, tempt by offering-
inducement, as a storekeeper trying to
make one (acc.) buy by showing him
tempting goods (with nga); perform
magic, work an nm-Lingo, as a ""doctor
or conjurer; treat a person (acc.) with
an am- lingo [Sw. linga, measure].

Ex. icangilinga ngengubo ebompu, he tried
or tempted me with a red blanket.

ake utinge naive, just have a try also.

Phr. nanti iqxdr lilinga amasukn, there
is the cock balancing the days i. e. crowing
in the very early morning or soon after mid-
night. See qanda.
Lingana, v. Be equal to, in any sense;
hence, be as large as, as high as, as
much as i. e. of the same size as, the
same height as, the same quantity as
( with na); fit a thing (acc. or with na),
as to size, etc.; be sufficient for, suffice
for, as any particular quantity for a per-
son or money ( acc. or with na ), or any
fair equitable treatment; be of an aver-
age, mean, moderate, sufficiently large I
or not too small, size or quantity — in
all cases used in perf. [Her. teka, be
of equal size ; Sw. lingana, be in accor "
with, fit].

Ex. kunyilingene for kulingene nami)
loku'kudhla, it is enough for me is this
food.

lilingcne indawo zone (i-cantsi or i-boki-
ii)t it ( the sleeping-mat) is equal as to its
four parts or sides i.e. is square; -or it (the
box is equal as to its four sides i. e. of
equal height all round.

/lingerie 'ndauo xonke (inkomislie), it (the
cup) is equal all round, is perfectly circular
without irregular bulging; or is of the same
height all round.

kulingene, ukuba uxame nje, it is sufficient
if you only Btrive.

ixingubo xake kaximlingani, his clothes
do not fit him (stating the mere fact).

ixingubo xake kaximlingene, his clothes
do not fit him (referring to their state).

um-Lingane or Lingani, n. 1. = u-Sebele.
Linganisa, v. Make any one thing (acc.)
equal with another in any sense (with

LI

nay, compare one thing (acc.) with
another "Twith na) as to size; hence,
measure it (as a board with a tape),
fit or try it on (as a pair of trousers);
make a comparison or imitation of
any action by doing in semblance of it;
make a pretence of doing it; compare
mentally i. e. make a supposition in the
mind, make an estimation, make a
guess; applied to the sexual intercourse
between two males [Sw. linganisha,
compare].

Ex. ulinganisa-ni ngaloku'kukuluma? what
are you trying to express, what are you
driving at, by that speech?

linganisa, ubone, have a try, or make a
guess, and see (whether you can't do it, or
don't know itj.

ixulu liyalinganisa (ukuna), or umfula
uyalinganisa (ukugr.wala), the weather is
making a show i. e. is threatening ( to
rain ), or the river is making a show of
rising i.e.. is threatening to rise.

Linganisana, v. Be at an equality one with
the other *. e. be in a line with, abreast
of, or parallel with one another, as two
or more houses or persons standing in
line, two bullocks going abreast, or two
lines of rails (used in perf.).

Lingisa, v. Imitate a person (acc), as in
dress, action, gesture, talk, etc.; mi-
mic, take off, imitate in sport [Sw. iga,
imitate],
um- Lingo, n. 5. Any unusually strange,
awe-inspiring, preternatural, magical
performance, as done by an inyanga
when treating his patients by certain
peculiar practices, or by a conjurer;
might be used in plur. for 'magic'
generally.

Ex. 7iingayibona imilingo elingua inya-
nga, you can see the strange things done
by the doctor.

iyabalinga inyanga (ngomlingo), the doctor
is treating them with an umlingo or ma-
gical performance.

amanxi alingiwe, kawayikushisa, the
water is conjured; it wont scald you.

N.B. A powerful Native doctor operates
not only with physic; he has also several
other more or less ' wonderful ' modes of
treatment by which he seeks to overcome
the ill he is called upon to deal with. For
instance, if he wants to make the inmates
of a kraal proof against the attacks of an
nmtakati, he may, instead of dosing them
with physic, assemble them all together in
a group and then go wildly among them with
a flaring torch, previously medicated, thrust-
ing it about at them as he goes; or if he
thinks there is an individual among them

LI

who is himself the cause of the particular
wrong, he may take a heated assegai, duly
medicated, and bula or divine with it, in that
he places it with apparent indifference, on
the hare body of those assembled, as he goes
roughly among them, but in such a way
that 'only' the particular evil-doer feel the
pain and so get discovered. Or he may so
eliarm his boiling medicinal decoction, that
when he spriukles it over his patient, he feel
no pain, etc. All these peculiar modes of
treatment are called imi-Hngp, and the doctor
himself is said to iinijJ^

Lingoza, v. Be or sit all alone, as anyone
left by himself in a kraal or a boy
herding alone on the veldt; sob, as a
person crying (cp. kicileka).

isi-Lingozi, n. — isi-Lokozane.

LTsa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be thoroughly faint,
strengthless, ready to collapse or sink,
as the body from' feebleness of heart-
action, intense heat, etc. (= ukuti dica;
cp. cobeka; fehleka); become thoroughly
softened so as readily to break apart,
as a potato when cooked through or a
peach thoroughly ripened = ukuti lose,
Use, list.

Ex. akukavutwa ukuti lisa, it is not yet
thoroughly cooked or ripened through.

um-Lisa, n. 1. Male person; in a more
particular sense, young unmarried male
in the full activity of his youth, an
i-nDoda of a boy, an um-fana.

Ex. yiloku waba umlisa, he always remain-
ed a 'hoy' (or unmarried).

inkonyane idhliwa ng'abalisa, a calf ( i. e.
veal) is eaten by the young males.

i(li)-Lisa, n. Calabash fruit (u(lu)-Selwa)
when of inferior quality in the winter
season.

isi-Lisa, n. All the males collectively of
any place, the company of males; semen
maris (= ama-Lota; cp. ama-Ja).

ubu-Lisana or Lisela, n. Manner of acting
in an indolent, lifeless, unenergetic way,
as though without strength - used ad-
verbially after verb (N.).

Ex. ukwenxa 'bulisana, to do in a slow
manner, without apparent exertion.

Lise or LTsi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti lisa.

ama-Livilivi (no sing), 71. Fat (of meat)
when of an unhealthy, jelly-like, nau-
seating nature = ama-Lovulovu.

um-Lizanyana, n. 1. = um-Zanyana.

Lo, disting adj. This — used with nouns
sing, of the first class having the prefix
11/11; 16. this — contraction for loku, of
nouns of the eighth class , having the
prefix uku.

359 LO

L6, adv. Since i.e. inasmuch as — contr.
<>f loku; see yilo.

Ex. In engavumi //y«, ngiyakum'enxa njani'i

since lie is just unwilling, how shall 1 man-
age him?
isi-Lo, n. Wild beast, of any kind; hence,
leopard (from its being practically the
only wild beast of note 1,-fi in most dis-
tricts), snake (from its fatality of bite);
the Zulu king (from his prerogative of
executing people), or any white-man
(from the dread his appearance and
power inspires); (gen. in plur.) izi-Lo,
intestinal worms, of any kind (cp.
i-7nPetwane; i-nGcili; u(lu)-Hlavane;
ama-Buka; ama-Hashu) = isi-Lwane,
isi-Lokazana; cp. i-Nyamaza7ie [Ga.
7isolo, wild beast].

Ex. unexilo, he has worms.

Phr. isi/o asitintua, a wild-beast is not
disturbed = keep at a respectful distance
from those in power (N).

Loba, v. Cut ornamental incisions {i-nTla-
nga) in the flesh, as Zulu girls used to
do about the belly, shoulders, and arms;
hence, 'draw' ornamental figures gene-
rally, as when carving fancy patterns in
wood-work, or making them in pottery,
baskets, bead-work, etc.; hence (M),
write, of the schools (= bala); fail to
conceive after having apparently been
covered, as a cow ( used in perf. — see
lala, lalela); (C.N.) catch fish (comp.
doba) [Bo. loa, fish; Sw. opoa, fish up;
Ga. roba, fish-hook].

Ex. le'nkomo ilobe for ipange) imbala,
this beast has put on ornamental variegations
of colour i. e. is patched or spotted all over
with black, white and red.

Lobaloba, v. Long or have a strong desire
for something, as the fox for the grapes
(ace. with ela form) = ukuti lobi lobi.
[Skr. lobha, desire].

Lobi lobi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Say 'Come!
come!' as the heart (nom.l seems to do
when strongly desiring something = lo-
biza.

u-L6bilobi, n. in phrase below: —

uBani unentlixiyo ka'Lobilobi, So-and-so
has the heart of Mr. Come-come and-be-mine
i.e. covets everything nice he sees, is very
covetous or avaricious.

Lobiza, v. Covet, have a strong desire
after, as after any nice thing (with ela
form and acc.) one sees in the possession
of another = labalaba, lubela [Skr.
luhh, desire greatly].

Lobo, disting. adj. That used with nouns
of the sixth el., having the prefix ubu.

um-Lobokazi (8.k.),n.l. Young wife

LO

300

LO

applied to such from the time of her
having first put on the top-knot (as an
i-nKehli or betrothed girl still unmar-
ried) until she passes her prime as a
wife; and even indefinitely after that,
by such women as are much older than
herself = u-Makoti.

Phr. umbila sown ng'abalobokazi see
uMakoti.
Lobola, v. Pay for a girl (ace.) i. e. pay
the cattle ( with nga ) demanded in ex-
change for her when given in marriage;
pay for a girl (ace.), as do the cattle
(nom.) which are given in exchange for
her [Bo. lomba, ask in marriage; Ga.
byaogulla, payment made for girl; Sw.
omba, request*].

Ex. umkicenyana nlobola intombi, nexiriko-
mo take fuii -.iyilobo/a: ulobolela uyise, oku-
ng'uyena elobolisa wnkwenyana, elobolisa futi
nentombi yoke, the son-in-law buys the girl ;
the cattle also buy her; he (the-son-in-law)
buys from the father, and he it is that makes
the son-in-law to buy or pay, as also his
daughter to lobola.

X.B. In spite of the statements of some
to the contrary, it would seem clear that
the Kafir law of lobola, good as it may be
in certain respects, does really entail a sale
of the girl, at any rate of that kind known
as exchange or barter. For the cattle are
her true, and now legally established price,
without payment of which no girl is pos-
sibly obtainable; for the law invariably sup-
ports the father in his refusal of consent to
a daughter's marriage, even though that refusal
be based solely on the non-payment of lo-
bola. But upon the delivery and acceptance
by the father or guardian of these cattle,
and in exchauge therefor alone, the girl be- |
comes the rightful property of the payer
and this, until recent years, even though
the girl herself were unwilling. The cattle
are demanded by the father as the price of
his property, and are no more asked as a
gift than is the money demanded by a
storekeeper for his wares. They are not
given, nor demanded, as a recompense to
the father for his care of the girl during
her earlier years; for the fact of his having
given or not given this care is not made
the condition upon which his right or non-
right to claim the cattle depends, but only
the fact of her being his daughter; and even
though the child, from any cause of par-
ental neglect or otherwise, have grown up
elsewhere, those who have so cared for her
throughout her life do not thereby become
entitled to her lobola cattle

This custom of payment being made by

a suitor for a girl to this latter's father

me to be commou amongst most, if not

all, of the African tribes. In former times,
when cattle were only possessed in small
quantities or by the few, it is said that the
lobola consisted sometimes merely of a much
valued piece of iron, of hoes, neck-rings,
later of beads, and finally of one or two
head of cattle. Women in Zululand, of 40
or 50 years of age, were purchased for sel-
dom more than five head of cattle. The de-
mand by the parents for increased lobola
was the direct result of the increase of cattle
in the land, owing to the comparative peace
that prevailed subsequent to the advent of
the Whiteman in these parts. The parents,
however, became in time so arbitrary in their
demands that the British Government, acting
under the advice of Sir Theophilus Shep-
stone, was at length compelled to fix the num-
ber of a girl's lobola cattle by statute, viz.
at 10 bead a piece.

Lobolelana, v. Pay the lobola for one
another i. e. be born in pairs, male and
female, in any hut, so that each boy is
provided with a sister whose lobola
cattle will furnish her brother with the
cattle required to lobola his own
sweetheart.

Ex. amawele alobolelene, the twins have
paid each other's lobola, I. e. have been born,
one a boy and the other a girl.

um-Loboli, n. 1. Person who undertakes,
on behalf of a suitor, the business of ar-
ranging with a father the lobola of his
daughter — um-Kongi.

Lobu, disting. adj. This used with

nouns of the sixth cl., having ubu as a
prefix.

Lobu-ya, disting. adj. That over there,
that yonder — used with nouns as
above.

Lohle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make a complete
end of a thing (ace), clear off entirely ;
get so cleared off — ukuti buqe, ukuti
lote.

Ex. ixinkomo umbila utwuti lohle, the
cattle made a clean end of the mealies.

Lohle, aux. verb. (C.N.) = yilo kuhle,
loku, etc.

i(li)-Lohle, n. A complete clearing off; as
by as impi, depredating cattle or lo-
custs, or an epidemic of disease — i(li)-
Buqe.

Ex. umkuhlane wenxe i lohle iijr kulowo
'muxi, the fever just made a clean sweep
of them at that kraal.

i(li)-Lohle!ane, n. = i(li)-Lohle.
i(ii)-L6hlelohle, n. = i(li)-Lohle.
isi-Lokazana (s.k.),n. = isi-Lo.
Loko (Lokho), disting. adj. and pron.

LO 361

That; that thing used with nouns
of the eighth cl., having uku as prefix,
or generally, in an impersonal sense.

isi-Lokohla, or Lokohlela (s.k.),n. Great
ball or round mass of a thin
immensely big head.

Loko loko
koza.

(

as an

ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. lo-

ama-L6koloko (s.k. no sing.J, n. Any-
thing seen moving indistinctly far away
in the depths, at the bottom, etc. see
lokoza.

Lokonco, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. ukuti
lakanca.

Lokota (Lokotha), >'■ Have a fore-feeling,
foreboding, presentiment, etc., about
something or somebody (ace.), as of his
coining, that something has happened
to him, etc.; entertain a remote thought,
dream (metaphor.), as of doing some-
thing strictly prohibited. Cp. qandelela
[Ga. looza, think; Her. uka, have a
presentiment].

Ex. benyimlokota izolo, 1 had a fore-feeling
or presentiment about him yesterday e.g.
I had a feeling that something had befallen
him, or that he was coming.

angakulokota? can lie entertain the idea?
(it is impossible, knowing as he docs the
terrible results that will follow ).

ungalokoti ukutinte, don't even think, don't
dream of touching it ( a strong word of
caution ).

Lokotela (Lokothela), v. Make a foreboding,
i. e. forbode, for a person (ace.) some
evil — which in accordance with Native
superstition, is equivalent to causing it
to come down upon him ; hence, wish
one evil, curse him (= qalekisa, qa-
nganisa, loyanisa).

Ex. mus'ukumlokotela, you must not wish
for him (some evil thing, as death, already
expressed); you must not curse him.

ngixe ngaxilokotela-ni? what did I want
to curse myself (with this thing) for? -—as
one might say when lamenting over some
evil he has wilfully brought done on himself,
or when he has got himself into some un-
pleasant mess.

Lokoza (s. k.)f v. Shine faintly as in the
distance, glimmer, gleam, as a camp-fire
seen from afar, a glow-worm in a bush
or a cat's eyes by night, or anything
appearing faintly in the dark or at the
bottom of a deep dark hole (see omo-
Lokoloko ) ; hence, be very little, ' scarcely
enough to be seen', as when sarcastically
referring to the food cooking in a pot
or on one's plate; be conspicuously alone,
be 'just a solitary speck', as it wore, as

LO

a person left all alone in a kraal, <>r a
solitary cloud upon an otherwise clear
sky; be sunken or deep-set, as a per-
son's eyes, 'just seen gleaming ill tin'
distance'; glimmer distantly i.e. Dash
about ill a lost, agitated, uneasy manner,
as the eyes of a person caught in the
act of doing wrong (cp. bakaza) /"-
kaza, lakata, lanxaza, lmit<>-.u.

Ex. upelca amadumbi; ayalokoxa nje ebo-
tweni, she is cooking dumbis; they can just
be seen glimmering at the far bottom of the
pot, i.e. are so few as to be scarcely discer-
nible

ami Hit for ilampu) sowulokoxa nje, the
fire (or lamp) lias now just a faint glimmer,
as when one espies a mere speck of glowing
cinder among the embers.

isi-Lokozane (s. k.J, ». A sobbing (not a
single sob) — isi-Lingozi.

Ex. ikwelweisilokozane, it (the child) is come
down upon with, i.e. has, a fit of sobbing.

Loku (Lokhu), disting. urfj. and pton.

This; this thing used with nouns as
above — see loko; used of any person
or thing to express contempt therefor
(see to); adv. merely this = Eng. so
much as; since i.e. inasmuch as. See
!/ i loku.

Ex. kufuna-ni Icona loku endhlini yami'i

what does this thing oiay-be a strongly
despised person, or a child | want in my hut"-'
ngisho nokuba ungene loku, I mean even
that you should so much as enter.

loku sengimtshelile, ngisayakuti-ni? since
I have already told him, what shall I now
say more ?

Loku naku (Lokhu nakhu), adv. Since,
you see.

Loku pela (Lokhu phelo), ode. Since, I
say ( expressing emphasis ).

Loku-ya (Lokhu-ya), disting. u<lj. and pron.
That over there, that yonder used
with nouns as above see loko.

Lokuyana (Lokhuyana), disting. adj. and
pron. same as preceding.

Lola,?-. Whet, sharpen, put a smooth
sharp edge on any cutting instrument
(ace.) by rubbing it flatly forwards and
backwards on a stone or um-Lalazi <
litlnzo; Gomp.haqasa)', sharpen or whet
the desire of a person (ace.) by encour-
aging words or tempting inducement
[Sw. nod, whet).

Ex. sebaxilola ngexidhXo lend utbelungu,
they have already made themselves keen or
of strong desire by mean- of these nice food-
stuffs of the wliileiiian, /. C they have accus-
tomed themselves strongly to them sebe-
lolekile.

LO

362

LO

X

Lolo, disting. adj. and pron. That; that
one — used with nouns sing, of the sixth
el., having the prefix u(lu).

Lolonga, /•. Smoothen the exterior surface,
polish, as a clay-pot or floor (ace.) by
rubbing with a stone, or a plaster-wall
with a board ; make smooth i. e. blunt,
as constant wear does a grindstone or
a knife (ace); smoothen down a state-
ment (ace). Cp. yalaza.

Ex. ixtci labi) sebelilolongile, they have
now smootheued their statemeut i.e. rid it
of any differeuc.es, possible difficulties, or
asperities.

Loloza, v. Make level or even, as the clay-
sides of a pot (ace.) after having built up
the rings of clay, by scraping off all
irregularities of surface = shaya.

Lolozela, v. Lull a child (ace.) to sleep or
quietness by singing a lullaby.

Lolu, (listing, adj. or pron. This; this
one — used for nouns of the sixth cl., hav-
ing the prefix it(lu).

Lolu-ya, disting. adj. or pron. That over
there; that yonder— used with nouns,
as above.

um-Lolwazi, n. o. (C.N.) = um-Lalazi.

ama-Lombo (Lorn b ho — no sing.), ti. Long,
uninterrupted stages or day's-marches
following one another interminably —
now obsolete save in idiom below.

Ex. siyakuhamba amalombo (ox siyakuha-
mba silale amalombo), we shall go journey
after journey without cessation (or we shall
go, putting up for the night here and there,
ever on and on | — as when a Native iu
tin- old days might walk from the coast to
Kimberley.

aim! sewahamba amalombo, oh! he has
already gone off journeying for days and days,
I.', has gone oft" far, far away.

i(li)-Lomo, n. One's own words, the very
'mouth' of a person = i(li)-Laka.

Ex. uii Homo lake lelo? do you mean to
nay that those are his own words, that that
is what he said?

isi-Lomo, //. Man who, holding no official
position, is by the friendship of the
king, a foremost man at court. Cp. urn-
Sengi.

um-Lomo, «. .j. Mouth, of man or beast;
beak, of a bird; lip, of man (see u(lu)-
Debe); mouth i.e. opening, entrance, as
of a vessel, gun, or cave; foremost or
front of a herd of cattle, column of sol-
diers, etc. [Gr. stoma, mouth; Ga. Li.
Ngu. etc. mlomo, lip, mouth; Go. Heli.
mu-lomo ; Suk. ulomo; Nywe. olomo; U.
undomo; Gal. mvrdomo; Lur. d<></<>\ Sw.
m-domo, lip; Mpo. o-lumbu, lip].

Ex. unomlomo lowo'muntu, that person has
much talk (i.e. when angry).

Phr. teande ngomlomo wje, he is only ' mouth '
or talk (i.e. has no power to do anything).

umlomo icako ninde, ungapandhle kwotango,
your mouth is long, it reaches outside of the
fence, i. e. you can be heard all over the
country.

kuhlatshwe eyomlomo, there has been slaug-
tered one (a beast) for his own mouth (of
the chief, not for his people, etc.).

angiyikwona undomo wami omnandi, I
shall not spoil the pleasant taste in my mouth
(by eating some other thing).

po! ufika ngomlomo nje, inkomo uyishiye-
pi? you come (back), then, with mere talk,
where have left the beast (vou were sent to
fetch)?

awn! umbuso uwusho, umlomo wagewala,
oh! he reports fiue-liviug (there) surpassing
all words to express it.

ukufa ukubabaxile, umlomo wagewala, he
expressed surprise to the utmost degree at
the illness (its grievousness).

P. umlomo I'ishoba lokuxipungela, the
mouth is a man's tail for sweeping away
flies *. e. for ridding oneself of annoyances.

undomo awushaywa, the mouth is not
puuished, i. e. my tongue having made a
mistake, there's nothing now to be done than
let it be.

ayinganga ' 'mlomo, it (the impi) is not as
big as the mouth (of the reporter) i.e. it's
only brag or loud empty talk.
um-Lomomnandi, n. 5. Root used as an

emetic (C.N.).
Lona, eniph. pron. It — used with nouns
sing, of the second class having i(li) as
a prefix, and of the sixth cl. having the
prefix u(lu).

Lona, disting adj. and pron. This — used
with nouns sing, of the fifth class hav-
ing the prefix uniu = lo.

isi-Lonco, n. Person or thing broad at
the one end and tapering towards the
other, like a triangle standing on its
apex or base, or a person with very
broad shoulders and upper body and
thin legs = n(ln)-Tshubungu, u-Nogi-
ngantlola.

Londa, v. Keep safely, preserve, take care
of, protect, as any person or thing (ace.) ;
keep carefully, observe, as a law = lo-
ndoloza [Sw. linda, preserve].

isi-Londa, n. Sore; standing pain in one's
heart or mind [Sw. ki-donda, sore; Bo.
londa,].

Ex. lelo'.-./ri selaba isilonda, that word has

now become a standing pain in his mind.

Londeka (s. k.), v. Get kept safely, pre-
served, etc., as above — see londa.

LO

363

LO

Ex. isalondekile imali yami, it is still
getting kept safely, it is still safe, is my
money.

i(li) or isi-Londo, n. = isi-Londolozo.

Londoloza, v. = londa [Bo. lonc/oza, guidej.

um-Londolozi, n. 1. One who protects or
takes care of a person or thing-, guar-
dian, keeper, protector.

ili, isi or ubu-Londolozo, n. Protecting
care, as of a mother for her child, or
for a sick person = isi-Londo.

Londonya, v. Scrutinise, examine closely,
as a woman does the crop (ace.) grow-
ing in her field; also (C.N.) = .ruba.

isi-Longotsha (s. L), n. Small particle or
mote of anything, as cloud in the sky,
of grass in the water or floating in the
air = isi-Bi. Cp. i-nGquba.

Ex. akuko na'silo)igotsha sebele entsimini,

there isn't so much as a particle of a corn-
ear in the field.

i(li)-Longwe, n. A dry cake of cattle-dung,
as found on the veldt and used as fuel ;
anything dried up hard, as mealies, etc.,
burnt in the pot, dry juiceless meat, etc.
= i(li)-Shwaqa. Cp. i(li)-Simba; ubu-
Longwe.

Ex. ilongwe lomoali, a dung-cake of fat —
really dry dung enveloped in suety fat and
used as caudle or torch for lighting pur-
poses in the hut at night.

ubu-Longwe, n. Fresh dung of cattle (and
nowadays of horses). Comp. um-Godo;
i(li)-Longwe.

um-Lonjana, n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Nonjana.
um-Lonjane, n. o. = um-Gembelezane.
u(lu)-Lontane (s.t.),n. Any delicious food

= ul-Ovela.
Lonto, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = lontoza.
u(lu)-Lonto (s. t.), n. (C.N.) = u(ln)-T,vu.
Lontoza (s. t.), v. = lokoza.
Lose, aux. verb. (N) — lohle, loku.
Lose, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti lisa.

isi-Lo-sengubo, n. A method of chastising
a child, practised chiefly by old women,
in which they unexpectedly throw a
cloak over the seated child and then
pitch into him with the i(li)-Pusho q. r.
(used with enza or enzela, and ace).

Loshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti lasha.
isi-Lo-sokuni (sokhuni), n. Large white
maggot or grub found in old logs.

Lota (Lotha), v. = ukuti lotololo.

i(li)-Lota (Lotha), n. Ash-heap or place
where ashes are thrown; pi. ama-Lota,
semen maris (= isi-Lisa, ama-Pam.bi.li).

um-Lota (Lotha — no plur.J, u. 5. White.
powdery wood-ash or BBhea U/m-Zala.
Cp. i(li)-L„hlr; U(lu)-Tutu.

Ex. us'eng'umlota, she i* nshea i.e. with
hodv, isi-dwaba, etc., quite white with dirt,

etc. isi-Jhriiliii a.

P. ukuni IwaxaVumlota see u(lu)-Kuni.

Lote, ukuti (Lot he, ukuti,;), r. = ukuti
lohle.

Lotololo, ukuti (Lothololo, ukuthi), v. Sub-
side, abate, lose intensity. :is a strong
wind, a person's anger, a raging lii",
water boiling fiercely, pain, etc. ukuti
zikalala, lota.

L6tu, ukuti (Lothu, ukuthi), v. Rise up
suddenly or quickly from the ground,
spring up, as when called by a master
or seeing a snake; get so' taken up
suddenly or quickly, snatched up from
the ground, as a pot in danger lotu-
ka; cause to rise suddenly or quickly,
as above; take up anything (ace.) sud-
denly or by a quick motion from the
ground, as when removing an article in
danger — lotula. Cp. ukuti luca.

Lotuka (Lothuka), v. — ukuti lotu.

Lotula (Lofhula), v. = ukuti lotu.

u(lu)-Lovane, n. now pronounced ul~Ova-

ne, q. v.; also = u(lu)-Lovwane.
isi-Lovela, n. = ul-Ovela.

u(lu)-Lovela, n. now pronounced ul-Ovela,
q. v.

Lovu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be peeled raw, as
the body by being scalded or eaten with
sores; peel or make become raw, as
scalding water the body (ace.) ~ ukuti
yovu.

Ex. ingane is'ite lovu wonke umlomo, the

child is now quite raw all over the mouth
( from thrush ).

u(lu)-Lovu, n. now pronounced ul-Ovu </. r.

See ukuti lo/'u.
Lovuka (s.k.),v. Get peeled raw, as above
= ukuti lovu, yovuka. Cp. yobuka.

Lovula, v. Peel, or cause to be peeled raw,
as above = ukuti lovu, yovula. Cp.
yobula.

ama-Lovula (no sing.), n. Thrush ( of in-
fants, from the rawness produced by
the sores in the mouth ).

ama-L6vulovu (u<> sing.), u. ama-Lwi-
liri, ama- Volovolo.

i(li)-Lovwane, u. Certain sea-fish (N).

u(lu)-Lovwane, //. Small plant, of a poison-
ous nature, said to cause an eruption of
the skin should it touch the bare body.

Lowa, abbrev. for lowa-ya.

LO

364

LU

Lowa-ya, (listing, adj. and pron. That over
there, that yonder -used with nouns
sing, of the 1st. and 5th. classes, having
the prefix um or umu.

Lowo, disting. adj. and pron. Thai - used
with nouns, as above.

Loya, r. )/dI(i.

u(lu)-Loya, ». see ul-Oya.

Loyanisa, v. = yolanisa.

i(li)-Loyi, n. = i(li)-Yolo.

Loyisa, v. = yolanisa.

i(li)-Loyo, n. = i(/i)-Yolo.

um-Loyo, n. 5. = um-Yolo.

i(li)-Lozane, n. Veldt running plant (Bud-
dlein salvioe folia ), whose very poisonous
roots are used for killing vermin on
man and beast.

um-Lozi, >t. 5. A soft whistling or whistle,
as that of a whiteman whistling (not
the shrill whistle — i(li)-Kwele); um-
Lozi, plur. aba-Lozi /, or imi-Lozi, 5.
= um-Lozikazana.

um-Lozikazana fplur. aba-Lozikazana or
imi-Lozikazana; s.k.),n. 1 and 5. Fa-
miliar spirit of a necromancer which
makes itself audible by a whistling
voice, said to be produced by ventrilo-
quism; such a necromancer supposedly
possessed by such a spirit = um-Lozi.
Cp. i(l>)-Dhlozi [MZT. mu-lozi, witch;
Ga. m-logo, witch; Sw. mw-unzi, whistle;
Bo. lu-zi, whistle].

Ex. uku-shaya (hlaba or beta) umloxi, to
whistle, or give a whistle.

unomloxikaxana or unabaloxikaxana, he

has or i- possessed by a whistling spirit or
-pints — these spirits are always addressed
iu the plural us 'makosi <>r lords — See note
under inu-Kosi.

Lu, pers. pron. It — used for nouns sing.
<d' the 6th. cl. having u(lu) as a prefix.

Luba, v. Long or desire earnestly, as to
see or do anything, or after tempting
food {ela form with inf. or ace.) = la-
balaba, lobiza [Skr. lubh, desire; Ar.
lahluba, flame].

isi-Luba, n. Crest, tuft or plume, on the
head of certain birds, etc., or worn as
an ornament by men (= isi-Qova); the
top-knot of a woman when no longer
dressed, owing to her having become a
widow, etc [Her. omu-ruva, crest].

Ex. utwele isiluba, ufelwe y'ini? you carry
an undressed top-knot, have you then lost
your husband?
Luca, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rise or get up
from tlic ground quickly or suddenly,
spring up, as when called or remem-

bering something = ukuti lotu; Cp.
ukuti gubu; ukuti twetwe.
isi-Luce, n. = isi-Lonco.

Luhlaza, adj. (from u(lu)-Hlaza, q.v.).
Green ; blue ; glossy, shiny of colour, as
polished ebony, a polished clay floor,
or a glossy chestnut horse; clear, crys-
talline, as spring or rain water, or
clear oil; raw or 'green' (the antithesis
of ripe, cooked, or mellowed), as raw
meat, an unripe peach, an uncooked
potato, or (by comparison) a person
raw or uncultured [see u(lu)-Hlaza\.

Ex. imitombo ise'luhlaxa, the malt is still
green, *. e. is still wet with the water in which
it has been soaked, it is not yet ripe or dry
for grinding.
isi-Lukazi (s.k.),n. = is-Alukazi.

isi-Lukuhla (s.Jc.),n. Great round mass,
ball, or knob of a thing, as an immense-
ly big head = isi-Lokohlela.

Luku luku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = luku-
zela.

i(li)-Lukuluku (s.k.),n. A rising up with
might, upheaving disturbance, applied
to the feelings {intliziyo) of one whose
temper is severely ruffled or whose
stomach (intliziyo) is strongly turned.

Lukuni (Lukhuni), adj. (from the noun
u(lu)-Kuni q.v.). Hard (of substance),
as wood or iron; difficult, hard to be
done, as any work ; rigid, stiff ( not soft
or supple), as a dried hide; hard (of
feeling), difficult to move, as a person
who is not easily brought to agree to a
thing; hardy, tough-natured, as person
or animal.

u-L\\kuri\-Y\gorr\\\e(Lukhuningomile),n. Cer-
tain plant, used as a love-charm.

Lukuzela (s. k.), v. Be, rise up, or move
forward, in a towering, imposing, mighty
mass or masses, as a great towering-
wave coming along, great storm-clouds
coming up mightily in the sky, milk or
beer rising wildly when boiling, a field
of corn growing up with unusual force
or quickness, a mass of soldiers run-
ning forward with might, a person's
heart when boiling over with resent-
ment or rage, or his stomach when
seeking to throw up its contents, or a
person who sets about a thing in a
reckless, wild, thoughtless manner =
lundhluzela, wukuzela. See isi-Lundhlu.

Lula, adj. Light i.e. not heavy; light i.e.
not closely compact, without substance
or solidness, as a loose-textured cloth
like gauze or lace, lungs, or rice as food ;
light i. e. bearing no weight, importance
or influence, as the words of a talker

LU

36

LU

when worthless or untrustworthy; a
person of no position or property, or a
kraal from which the chief personage
is absent; light of accomplishment,
easy; airy, cool, as in a hut that is not
close or stuffy; light of foot, agile, as a
fleet walker or runner = ukuti he. Cp.
nzima; sindu; kanya [Skr. laghw,
Lat. levis\.
i(li)-Lula, n. Any light thing, as an empty
gourd; light-looted, wiry, spirited per-
son ; sponge, such as is thrown up by the
sea. Cp. i(li)-Helesi.

N.B. ah infant that is unusually slow in
learning to walk is supposed to be cured of
his backwardness by having pieces of sponge
rubbed into incisions on the knees — the
salt contained in the sponge, causing a smart-
ing of the incisions, is doubtless the 'cura-
tive' principle. In up-country districts where
there is no sea or salty sponge, the same
cure is effected by placing the infant upon a
nest of ama-Tshcketshe ants, whereupon he
is said to get up at once and walk with
alacrity !

Lulama, v. Rise, or get raised, as any
person or thing from a prostrate posi-
tion, e. g. a lying person rising so as to
recline on his elbow or sit up, or a post
which, when lying on the ground, one
raises up at one end or so as to stand
vertically; stand up, stand up straight,
not lowering the head or bending the
chest (cp. sukiima); be up i. e. so far re-
covered from sickness as to be no longer
confined to lying down in bed (used in
perf. ).

Ex. akhdulame, ngikubune, please raise
yourself up a bit, that I may see you.

us'elulenie, he is already up, able to leave
his bed, somewhat recovered.

um-Lulama, v. Bush {Turned heterophyl-
la) whose roots, mixed with um-Qaln-
ti, are used for rheumatic pains, as a
strengthening medicine to be taken after
the death of one of the kraal- members,
for bad effects from excessive beer-
drinking, etc.

Lulamisa, v. Raise up a person (ace.) or
thing from a prostrate position, as one
might when propping up one who is
sick, or raising up the end of a post
lying on the ground ; make rise i. e. make
get better, restore to health, as a sick
person (ace.). Cp. luleka.

Lulaza fwith zi), v . Make oneself light
i. e. of no weight, importance or influ-
ence; lower oneself, as might a person of
rank by throwing off all self-respect. Cp.
zimazisa. See isi-Tunzi.

Luleka (s. k.), v. Set up, or set up straight,

as a vessel (ace.) thai has fallen over on
its side, the stone "l a trap thai has
fallen, a pillar that is leaning to -me side,
a vessel thai lias a bulging "in ><v inden-
tation, or a stick that is crooked; set

straighl a person (ace.) by rendering

1 1 i in some needed assistance, or by help-
ing him with advice. Cp. lulamisa [MZT.
lidama, be straight].
i(li) or most freq. in plur. ama-Lulu, //.
Uterine tumour, in cattle, obstructing
the expulsion of the calf.

isi-Lulu, v. Large basket, sometimes three

or four feet in diameter, made of plaited
grass, etc., and used for storing grain;
a very large belly.

N.B. The ama-Nfamgioa tribes of Zulu-
laud are said to have originally come down
(b'ehla) from the interior parts ngexilulu \ i. e.
by means of ixi-lulu . which more probably
means — although tic real meaning of the
saying is no longer understood to-day thai
these people, driven away by famine from
their former homes, came down ' basket-wise',
i.e. bearing their baskets, in order to obtain
food in the less drought-striken coast-lands.

Lulukelwa (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = lumukela.

Lulu lulu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. - luluzela.

Luluseka (s.k.),v. Look about contemp-
tuously on others (C.X.).

Luluteka (Lulutheka), v. Do anything or
go along in a thoughtless, idiotic, empty-
headed, stupid way, as a person running
off without thinking of what is on ahead,
or one who when told to saddle a horse,
places the hinder part of the saddle for-
ward = lunduzela.

isi-Luluteka (Lulutheka), n. Such a thought-
less, empty-headed, stupid person as
above = i(li)-Lulwane, isi-Lundulundi.

Luluzela, v. Glide or move along as though
borne softly and bodily forward, as the
water of a full river, or a snake moving
midwav through long grass or bush;
go off 'or get borne thoughtlessly along,
as a person by some temporary impulse
or passion.

i(li)-Lulwane, n. Small or ordinary kind
of bat (cp. i(li)-Bekezantsi); hence, an
umbrella (the name originally \\-r,\,
though now dying out, in Zululand);
thoughtless, empty-headed, stupid per-
son ( isi-Luluteka ).

Luma, /'. Bite, as a person bread (ace.) or
a dog a person ; cause a person (ace.)
sharp passing pains, as does the stomach
(isi-Su) from indigestion or diarrhoea;
itch or cause an itching sensation, as a
stinging nettle, or the pimples caused
by same [Bo. luma, ache; Ga. luma,

LU

366

LU

ache; ruma, bite; Sw. uma, ache, bite;
Lu. suma; Her. rumata, bite; Ang. Iti-
mata, bite].

Ex. istsu siyangiluma (or more frequently
ngihmywe istsu), my stomach is paining
me (or I am pained by the stomach), i.e.
I have a stomach-ache.

Phr. tcbclitoba inkomo yokuluma amakuba-
to, they arc now slaughtering the beast i< ti-
the biting (». e. eating) of the amahubalo —
which latter are medicinal roots mixed into
a dish of food-stuff, of which each member
of a kraal takes a spoonful or 'bite' upon
the death of any inmate thereof in order to
strengthen him against evil cousequences.

uku-luma ihlobo, to have the preparatory
bite at the first fruits of a season /. e. to
mix u-xandhleni roots with imfe, water-melon,
etc., in a pot, boil, and eat a spoonful thereof,
as a summer tonic or blood-puririer, just as
European mothers dose their children with
brimstone and treacle about this same time.

Lumata (Lumatha), v. Catch or take fire,
as grass or sticks which one seeks to
set on fire (not to burst into flame, as
a match = vuta) = okela.

Ex. ixinkuni kaxilumati, the sticks won't
take fire.

Lumba (Lumbha), v. Do or make anything
(ace.) of a wonderful nature, or with
surprising skill, such as making a watch
or doing a conjuring trick would be to
the Natives (cp. ling a); (in a particular
sense ) work evil of a surprising nature
upon a person, as abatakati are supposed
to do when they cause a man (ace.) to
become insane or dumb, or a wild-beast
(ace — as a leopard or baboon) to come
to them from the forest and become
their cooperator in nefarious practices
(cp. loya); speak lies, 'things causing
amazement' = ngcikisha, ngcilikisha.

Lumbanisa (Lumbhanisa), v. Place or make
lie alongside out of sight, as when con-
foaling a pot (ace.) immediately behind
a pillar (with na), or a stick along one's
arm.

Ex. induku woyilumbcmisa tiezito, uma
ibambe umlenze, you must pass your stick
down along the calf, when it (the crocodile)
li;is got hold of your leg.

i(li)-Lumbela (Lumbhela), n. — i(li)-Lumbo.

Ex. amakimbela'ndeni, a monstrosity of
birth — ama-Bumbela'ndeni.

um-Lumbi, or Lumbikazana (Lumblii ; a.k.),
n. J. One who does wonderful things
3ee lumba; also originally applied to
'a Whiteman' (see um-Lungu).

i(li)-Lumbo (Lumbho),n. Any wonderful
performance, as a surprisingly skilful

action, contrivance, or trick; a lie, talk
amazing in its falsity. Cp. i(li)-Loyo ;
vm-Lingo.

Ex. unclumbo, you tell lies — unavianga.

banamalumbo abelungu, they work wonders
do the whitemeu.

likulu ilumbo lalowo'muntu, great is the
power of working wonders of that person.

P. ilumbo liya kade, the wonderful per-
formance (which an umtakati is working on
a man) goes on for a long time i.e. works
slowly but surely = great things come from
small beginnings, or by persevering action.

ilumbo lidhla umninilo, the wonderful
performance eats up its owner = the crafty
fellow is caught by his own device.

um-Lumbuza (Lumbhuza), n. 5. Any long,
dangling, or trailing thing, as a plume
or dress ornament flying or dragging
out behind.

ubu-Lumbuza (Lumbhuza), n. Flying head-
ornament, of u-Tekwane feathers = ubu-
Tekwane.

Lumeka (s.k.),v. Cup a person (ace. -
cp. senga); bleed or 'pump' a person
for information [Ga. lumika, cup; Sw.
umika].

N.B. Native cupping is performed by
placing a horn over incisions, then drawing
strongly with the mouth. A small amount
of blood flows from the incisions owing to
the vacuum produced, is removed, and the
operation repeated.

Lumela, v. 'Grit' i. e. grate with the teeth,
as a person (nom.) does when they come
in contact with a particle of sand, etc.,
in the food (= gedhla); 'grit' i.e. be
gritty, as such sandy food itself; bestow
or give as a gratuity an apportionment
of stock (ace.) to a younger, needy, or
otherwise unprovided-for son (ace.), as
a Native father frequently does.

Ex. ungalumeli njalo, just dou't grate*, e.
just mind the grit or any hard particles (in
the food).

wamlumpla ixinkomo ezimbili, he bestowed
upon him two head of cattle.

Phr. umximba wami uyalumela, my body
feels itchy (fr. luma) i.e. I have an irrita-
ting timorous sensation that somebody is
gazing at me — as a timid child or girl when
travelling through bush at night or bathing
alone at some solitary spot in the river.
Comp. swica.

Lumelana, v. Take a bite for one another
i. e. one, as of two boys, biting off half
of the apple and then handing the re-
mainder to his friend.

Lumisa, v. Give a person a bite of some-
thing fdoub. ace).

LU 367

Lumisana, v. Give each other bites, as two
boys passing a piece of meat (ace.) re-
peatedly from one to the other, each
taking- a bite until the whole gets finish-
ed.

um-Lumiso, n. 5. Small quantity of beer-
worts fermented alone for mixing into
the main brew in order to hasten its
fermentation.

isi-Lumo, n. Regular painful menstruation

arising from some chronic! disease of
the womb (comp. um-Singa); certain
disease of men (perhaps renal, or he-
patic colic, from the passage of kidney
or gall-stones, and attributed to the fact
of the sufferer having had sexual con-
nection with a female afflicted with the
preceding disease).

Lumu, ukuti (iikutki), v. Break, snap, or
make come off from the main body, as
the head (ace.) off a kerry, a flower from
a stalk, the end off a stick, or one's foot
from the leg — lumula; get so broken,
snapped, or made come off, as above
= lumuka.

Lumuka (s.k.),v. — ukuti I num.

Ex. ngilumuhile, I am broken off ( i. e. dis-
located) for — as by the foot, knee, thigh, etc.

Lumukela (s. k.), v. Have the mind or heart
momentarity bent upon or drawn to-
wards, as when thinking of some absent
friend (ace.) or upon some work (ace.)
one wishes to get to, or of going to any
particular place (= lulukelwa, C.N.);
be bent upon 'having' a person i.e.
purposely seek to raise a quarrel
with him (ace), as when scolding him
purposely and unnecessarily in an irri-
tating way, or when intruding oneself
uninvited into a dispute he has with a
third party.

Ex. intlixiyo yami ilwmukele. oka'Tcxa na-
mhlcmje, my heart is thinking of Teza's
daughter to-day.

ngilumukele sengati ngingaya kona, 1 feel
a drawing or inclination to go there.

ngcdumukelwa ng'uye nje, I was just pur-
posely marked out by him i. e. he was intent
upon quarrelling with me.

ufumlumukelela-ni? what were you at liini
for; for what reason were you so intent
upon him (he having had nothing to do
with you)?

Lumula, v. = ukuti lumu; wean, as the
mother a child (ace. = kumula; cp. e-
pusa); spit out medicine upon in order
to drive away evil influences, as a doctor
does upon his medicine (ace.) when they
happen to be in a hut along with a
corpse, or upon a child as below (=
pepeta).

LU

-V/,'. For the first month or two after *
child has been born and until it is deemed
old enough to crawl outside and be able to
withstand the evil influences with which tin-
outer world is supposed to be reeking full,
everybody going into the particular hut must,
immediately upon entering, Dibble off a
small particle Irom certain charm-grat
herbs, etc., bung up over the doorway, and
spit the same out upon the child (uku-yi-
lumula or u/cu-yi-pepeta i, so that any inju-
rious um-kdndo q. v. which he may inadver-
tently have brought in with him, may be
thereby rendered innoxious!
isi-Lumulo, //. Any medicine or charm
used for the purpose of I mint I a or pe-
peta, as above isi-Pepeto.

Lunama (from the noun u(lu)-Nama), ><<lj.
Of a tough nature i.e. of a pliant, firmly
tenacious texture, bendable but strong

against breakage or wearage, as a stick
while still green, cane, or a piece of
leather; moistly leathery, as a was lie I
garment while still damp or not 'brittly'
dry (from the resemblance it has in its
moist pliantness to the nature of leather ) ;
tenacious of nature, hard-fisted ( with
money or food), hard-headed or obsti-
nate (in giving in) = u(lu)-Zica, u(lu)-
Zwenda, etc.

Ex. V lunama nokudhla leyo'ndoda, he is
tough with his food is that man i. e. hard
to move to give you some, not generous,
stingy. See ncisha.

ii'luiiama, omunye tigaw'apukile, he is
tough-limbed (/. e. pliaut-boued); auotlier per-
son would have got broken i with such a fall .

u-Luncwe (gen. kwa'Luncwe,), />. An abso-
lutely treeless or bushless country, of
any description = kwa' Ntlongasibi.

i(li)-Lunda, n. Hump on the shoulder of
a bull, etc., (cp. isi-Fumbu ) ; hence, a
Madagascar ox or cow; self-conceit,
stuckuppishness, in a person (. - <(U)-
Qolo) [Sw. nundu, hump of ox; Her.
o-ndyuhu; Reg. kekuta; MZT. cilundu,
hill; Ang. mu-lundu, mountain].

Ex. uku-twala ilunda, to be conceited,
haughty, stuck-up; uku-tn-twesa ilunda, to
make one conceited.
isi-Lundhlu, //. Any toweling mass Le.
mass rising conspicuously up above its
surroundings, as a towering conspicuous
wave, a cluster of trees or corn in a field
rising high above others around, or a
group of persons simultaneously rising
up from among a lame seated assembly
= isi-Wundhlu [op. i(li)-Lunda\.

Ex. umHlatu&c ub'ukula usuka ixilundhlu,
the Umhlatuze was rising, coming down iu
towering masst - i or waves

/

LU 3(

intsimu ihamba isuka ixiltuidhlu, the

field goes iu great waves i.e. towering high
here and sinking to nothing there (as when
very irregularly grown ).

Lundhlu lundhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = lu-
ndhluzela.

Lundhluzela, v. Be, go, come up, etc., in
great towering masses or izi-Lundhlu
q.v. lukueela, wundhluzela.

isi-Lundulundu, tt. Idiot, one mentally im-
becile = isi-Luluteka. See lunduzela.

ubu-Lundulundu, n. Character of being or
acting as an isi-Lundulundu.

Lunduzela, v. (Jo along or do anything in
an idiotie, empty-headed, imbecile man-
ner = luluteka.

Lunga, v. Be in order, as it ought to be,
right, good, proper, correct, without fault
or cause for complaint [Ga. lungi, good].
Ex. kulungile, it is well = all right.
akukalunyi, it is not yet in order or readi-
ness.

ahdungile lofco, that is not good, not as
it might to be, not just.

Phr. kwalunga nexwi lami, it happened
in accordance with my word, just as I said
it would (or just as 1 had directed).

vilunge noMshipeni lexo'nkomo, those cattle
are right with Mshipeni i.e. come to him
by right, are his (by right i.

uqome tfoNdwandice, po.' ulunge nohani
kona? you have chosen a sweetheart from
Nowandwe's kraal, well, whose are you there;
you are the rights, or rightful belongings
of which one there ?

loku kulunga nami, this is in a line with
me (C.N. •

i(li)-Lunga (Luunga), n. Kind of shrike,
resembling the /(li)-Qola q. v.; beast
supposedly resembling this bird in colour
i. r. of a black colour with white on the
back encircling downwards over the
flanks towards the binder-legs and some-
times also From the shoulder downwards
towards the fore-legs (comp. i(li)-Qola,
i(li)- Walxi ) ; old man, from the whiteness
of the hair (iTTifame not liked by the
old people themselves).

i(li)-Lunga, n. Internode (i.e. the space
between the joints) of a stick of imfe;
phalanx of the finger, between two
knuckles, etc. Cp. i(li)-Qupa. [Keg. bu-
nga, joint; Bo. ma-ungo, joints; Sw. ki-
wngo, joint; Gsunyingo; Her. o-ndundo].

ubu-Lunga (Luunga), n. Bunch of hair

at the end of a bullock's tail = i(li)-
Shoba.
uku-Lunga, u. Goodness, properness, the
property generally of being without
,:i -'•<• lunga.

■8

LU

um-Lunge, n. 5. Any 'string', long suc-
cession or series of things, either joined
on or following closely one behind the
other, as a number of pumpkins grow-
ing along the same stalk, a lot of chest-
nuts on a string, or a string of cattle
or wagons following one after the other
(== u(lu)-Tunge; cp. i(li)-Hele, v(lu)-
Jenga); kind of gladiolus with a light-
coloured flower (cp. isi-Dwa).

Phr. us'eng'uinlunye nje, he is just a loug
string of bones hanging together.

unomlunge kfmuntu, he spins out his talk
does this person. See pot a.

Lungela, v. Be proper, as it ought to be,
right, etc. for.

Ex. sowulungele ukutula, you ought to he,
you had better be, quiet now.

Lungelana, v. Be good, right, fitting for
one another i. e. be close associates,
trusted friends one of the other.

Lungelela, v. Join on to, as one piece of
string (ace.) on to another = xumelela.
Ex. wangilungeleVamandhla, he gave me
new strength i. e. he gave me food, or some
assistance that helped me along in my diffi-
culty = icanyihlumeleVamandhla.

Lungelelana, v. Hang together in a long-
string.

Ex. se/culungelelene amatambo, the bones
(of So-aud-soj are now merely hanging to-
gether (from emaciation).

Lungisa, v. Make be or put in order, as
it ought to be, good, proper, etc., in any
sense; hence, arrange, adjust; correct,
rectify ; improve ; chastise ; repair, mend ;
make it straight, reckon up Avith one
(ace), by paying him off.

Ex. so?m silungiscme naye, we shall some-
day come to reckon up with him, pay off
old scores.

um-Lungu fpl. abe or aba-Lungu), n. 1. (in
gen. sense) Whiteman, of any descrip-
tion; (in partic. sense) a European, one
of European origin (not including the
Boers, local Portuguese, etc., who are
regarded as being 'of this side'); an
Englishman [Sw. Ga. m-zungu, a Euro-
pean; Reg. mu-yungu; Cong, u-lungu
(pi. ma-lungu), canoe, ship; Ang. u-lu-
ngu (pi. ma-ulungu) canoe, ship; per-
haps 'akin to Bo. Ni. Sag. Nyanye. mu-
lungu, God; Mo. mu-rungu, m-hiku;
Sw. mu-ungu, God — see u-Nkulunku-
lu; i(li)-Zulu; cp. Cong, mundele, white-
man ).

N.B. In our opinion it is merely a coinci-
dence that the root in so many Bantu lang-
uages designating the 'first man' or 'creator'
(and hence universally adopted by mission-

LU

369

LWA

aries to express the Christian 'Goer) should
have become so similar to and oftentimes
identical with that used in the same lan-
guages to designate a ' whiteman' or 'Euro-
pean'. It would seem most probable that
the original of the word so commonly used
in Bantu languages to denote a 'whiteman,'
and exemplified in the South-African lan-
guages by the word um-lungu, was brought
round to these southern and east-coast regions
by Congo or Augolese slaves or sailors ac-
companying the Portuguese on their first
discovery of these parts, and meant originally
something like 'ship-people' or 'men of the
sea'. That this word has nothing to do
with 'creator' or 'God' is evident from the
fact of so many of the Bantu languages,
while having this word to denote a 'white-
mau', having also another, mostly altogether
different, though sometimes similar to and
even rarely identical with it, to denote the
'Great great ancestor' or 'creator'. Thus,
in Xo. we find an entire absence of a word
for 'God' (the name u-Tixo having been
borrowed from the Hottentot), and yet the
word um-lungu is in common and universal
use for an European. In Zulu the word for
a 'whiteman' is um-lungu also, but suggests
no thought of 'God', who is designated u-
Nkulunkulu. We find the same thiug in the
Suto, Shoua and other languages. Whence,
the Zulu word um-lungu is not to be com-
pared with the Swah. mu-ungu (God), but
vith the Swah. m-zungu (European). The
Swah. word mu-ungu is to be compared with
our u-Nkulunkidu ( God ).
um-Lungu, n. An obsolete defective noun
now only used in abbreviated form
mlungu, as an adverbial particle mean-
ing 'it is as if, it is like, etc' = nm-
Tshame.

Ex. ku'mlung ' tikuba ng'uye (ox ku'mtsha-
tu'ukuba ng'uye, or kukanye nukuba ng'uye),
it is just as though it were he (from the
resemblance or manner).

i(li)-Lungu, v. — i(li)-Lunga.

isi-Lungu, n. Whitepeople (collectively);
district or country inhabited by White-
people.

Ex. uyasebenxa esilungwini, he is wor-
king in the White country, among the
Whitemen.

isi-Lungulela, ??. Heartburn, acidity of
the stomach, as after eating sweet pota-
toes, etc. (= umu-Rre)', that which is
on ahead, the foremost, as of a troop of
people or cattle, that part of a grass-fire
which flies on ahead with the wind (not
that burning backwards or from the
sides), or that portion of a field-crop
which is of a more advanced growth

than the rest ; scum that forme on the
top of boiling beer or water (cp. ama-
Gwebu).

Ex. bati belapa, isilungulela sabo sas<
kutim, while they were here, their head | or
foremost portion of their party | was already
at such-and-such a place.

Lunguza, v. Peep over, peep out, peep
through, etc., i.e. Btretch forward the
head to look at anything (ace. with i la
form) [Sw.chungulia, pep; Bo. sunguia],

Phr. lihmguxdsile (ixulu), laseliyeka, it has

rained just peepinglv ( i. e. just a few dl
and then it stopped.

u-Luntu (s. t.), n. = u-Nomuntu.

u-Lupa (Lupha), n. Rupee [Eng.].

Lusilili, adv. — see u(lu)-Silili.

Lusizi, adj. — see u(lu)-Sizi.

Luta (Lutha), v. Make a fool of a person
(ace), humbug him, as when intentionally
misleading him by taking him in, send-
ing him to the wrong place, etc. Com p.
gubuda.

i(li)-Luta (Lutha), n. Cunning, misleading
person, given to taking in, making fools
of other people.

um-Luta, Luto, or Lutu (Lutha), n. 5. One
quite silly or mentally imbecile, a natural
fool or idiot; also = um-Kovu.

Lute, ukuti (Luthe, uktithi), v. Be dense,
thick, closing in firmly, smotheringly
close, drowning, etc., as a thick fog, a
great noise (= ukuti ngci); finish off,
or get finished off completely (= ukuti
huge).

isi-Lute (Luthe), n. = i-nKungu, is-Alute.

Luteka (Lutheka), v. Get made quite a fool
of, look foolish, not know what to say
or do.

u-Lutudhlana (Luthudhlana), u. The 'little
dusty month' = VrNtlangulana.

u-Lutuli (Luthuli),n. The 'dust-month'

= u-Maquba.
Lutuza (Luthuza), v. Make one become

an um-Luta = luta.

Lutuzeka (Luthuzeka) = luteka.

Luzica ("from noun u(lu)-Ziea), adv. =

Lunama.
Lwa ("pass. liwa),v. Fight, as two armies

or two boys (with na)\ contend with.

struggle with, as with any difficult task

[Ga. luana, fight; Her. rua],

Lwabo, p088. adj. — see abo.
Lwake (Lwakhe), pot*. <idj. see ake.
Lwako (Lwaklw), post, adj - see ako.
Lwalo, pos*. adj. - see alo.

*1

LWA

370

M

Lwami, poss. adj. — see ami.

isi-Lwane, n. = isi-Lo (with the same
meaning, though being the diminutive
form). Cp. i-Nyamazcutr.

um-Lwane, n. n. Worthless, good-for-no-
thing, 'dead while living' person, as one
despicably poor, deformed beyond any
use, chronically invalid, or an idiot (cp.
isi-Cuse); also applied (C.N.) to an i(ii)-
Dhlozi generally (= isi-Tuta).

Ex. kuhlatskelwe imilwane (or amadhloxi),

it is being slaughtered for the ancestral-
spirits (that they may cat, as they have the
reputation of beiug great lovers of meat —
C.N. .

Lwanku Iwanku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. =
Iwankuza.

Lwankuza (s k.), v. Eat a little of any-
thing (ace), take a mouthful, as one
does when food is very scarce not being
able to obtain a full meal, or when tra-
velling.

isi-Lwanyakazane (s.k.),n. Insect, as a
beetle or ant.

isi-Lwanyane, >?. Little wild animal of any

size, from a civet-cat down to a mole
or less.

isi-Lwanyazane, n. — isi-Lwanyakazane.
Lwate, ukuti (Lwathe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
lute.

Lwela, v. Fight for or contend for i. e. in
order to obtain, or on behalf of.

u-Lwezi,«. Month following u-Mfumfu,
about the end of October — u-Zibandhle-
la. Cp. u(lw)-Ezi.

Lwi', ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rise or stand
'toweringly ' up, as a man appearing or
standing erect on the point of some
elevation, or a high tree rising above
those around it ; stretch oneself up or
out, as to reach something above, or a
sitting person in order to peep at some-
thing; go up, or make go up skywards,
as the wind a piece of paper (ace.) ; tow-
er up, as a child growing tall, or one
who has become thin and lanky through
emaciation = hvilwiza.

Lwdwi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti pofe.

Lwilwiza, v. = ukuti lwi.

M.

\ I iu Zulu, has the labial souud common

5 to European languages.
When preceded or followed by a ?/ or i, form-
ing with it a separate syllable, as iu the
case of some prefixes and often too in the
root- of words, the Zulu has a habit of Stirling
the vowel and producing simply a kind of
long 'mummified' ?;/, or grunt with closed lips,
aa e.g. is oftentimes done in the words na-

niihla I prououueed generally na-m-hla), imbe-
ka — the contracted form of imi-beka (prou.
;>- i-m-beka I, nqamula (pron- nqa-m-la), or in
the sentence nyiyambona — contracted for ngi-
yamubana (pron. ngiya-m-bona). This fact
should be kept in mind by those writing Zulu
verse or placing the same to music.

.1/. Btanding in the root of a word, before
;i >>. causes this letter to be expressed with its
:i-pirated sound, as a soft bh; and does the same
also wherever the prefix i-m (but not um)
occurs before a root commencing with a b;
but the change of the b does not occur where
the combination of /// and b is brought about
merely by sentential construction, e. y. in the
of the pers. pron, //> (him), the reason
being that iu this case the m is not combined
with the b, but forms of itself a separate
syllable, pronounced m (see above).

.1/, on the other hand, coming before the
initial p of a root (generally as the euphonic
accompaniment of the prefix i), mummifies'

be sound of tho p, cauniim; it to lose any

aspiration aud be pronouueed with its closed
souud — thus, phela (to be entire), i-mpela
(entirely).

M, furthermore, wheu occurring alone, or in
combination, in the root of a word, becomes,
by the laws of Zulu euphony governing the
formation of the locative case of nouns, the
abbreviated form of nouns, and the passive
voice of verbs, frequently (but not always)
transformed — 1 . when standing alone in a root,
into ny; as iu the noun um-lomo (mouth);
locative, em-h\\yeni; abbreviated form, um-lo-
ny ana; and the verb vuma (agree), passive
voice vunywa (to bj agreed); 2. when combined
with a bh, the combination mbh becoming-
changed into nj; as in the word i-ntamblw
(string); loc. entailment; abbrev, intanjana; or
the verb bambha (to catch), pass, banyra (to
be caught); 3. when joined with up, the com-
bination becoming changed into ntsh, — thus,
isi-pumpu (bud), loc. esi-puntshwini', abbrev.
isi-puntshwaua; or the verb pumputa (to
grope), pass, puntshutwa.

But these rules, or rather exceptions to
rules, are very arbitrary and uncertain in their
application, custom apparently having discarded
them in regard to several common words.

In nouns of the 3rd. class, taking the prefix
i and with a root commencing with m, the
euphonic m, usually connected with this prefix,
becomes unnecessary aud is omitted, the pre-
fix consequently standing simply as a short V.

M 371

M,pers.pron. Him; it— being the abbre-
viation of the full pronoun mu, and used

accusative for all singular nouns
1st. class [Skr. aham, him; Lat.

Eng. he
languages].

ht'-m; and in most

umkami (my

chief's wife)

wife ),
see

in the
of the
cum ;
Bantu

u-M, in expression
umka'nkoai (the
a- Mica.

Ma fperf. mi, imper. mana or yima, pass.
miwa), v. Stand, stand up or erect (not
lying down), as a man, or lamp (perf. is
used to express the state); stand still, be
stationary (used in perl'.); stop, halt;
stand firm or settled, remain unmoved
in its state; be constant, persistent, con-
tinue in ; present oneself for acceptance
in marriage, as a girl in a strange kraal
( see bafeka — Append.) [Lat. tno-neo, I
remain; MZT. ma, stand; Kamb. u-ima,
life ; Sw. u-zhna, life ; si/nama, stand ;
Her. kurama, stand ; Hot. ma, make
stand, place].

Ex. mana njalo, ' nku.it yam if stand al-
ways (i.e. live on), my good sir! = ad
multos aniios!

intombi ka'Bmii is'iye'lcuma ka' Sibanibani,
So-and-so's daughter has run oft' to So-and-
so's — to offer herself for marriage. See
below.

Phr. uku-mu-ma (umu-ntu), to stand for
him (a person) i.e. cause him to be at a
loss to move, know what to do, breath, etc.,
as a puzzling affair (nom.) might a man
(ace.) who does not know how to deal with
it, or a bone (nom.) when it sticks in his
throat [lit. stands still for him — aec. ).

uku-tniwa itambo, etc., to be stuck for by
a bone (in the throat), etc. Cp. binda;
h ila ; i(li) - Firtdo.

y. B. When a girl, in order perhaps to
hasten along the lobola cattle, is sent off by
her lather on the accustomed preliminary
marriage-visit to the kraal of her lover (who,
or whose father, has already made a formal
request for her baud to her father), the girl
is technically said to 'go to stand or present
herself (akuya 'fcuma) at such-aud-such a
person's kraal. Where, however, such a
visit occurs spontaneously from the girl's
side and without either the knowledge or
consent of her father, it is termed uku-ba-
leka (see note in Appendix under Baleka)
and never uku-ma (N).

Ma, adv. abbrev. of uma q. v.

Ma, verb. part, placed before the subjunc-
tive of any verb to express a polite re-
quest, exhortation, or entreaty in the
sense of 'let', 'may' = ka.

Ex. ma-si-hewtbe, let us go!
ma-tt-nya-sho njalo, may you not say so'

MA

u-Ma (last vowel prolonged and accentuat-
ed), n. contr. for u-Mame.

u-Ma, it. Contraction of perhaps uim-tUar
ka (the child of), and use in forming,
according to Native custom, tin- common
name of address of any wife, calling her
by her lather; thus u-Maneem would
l»<> the ordinary way of speaking of or
to any daughter of Nceni after she had
married into another kraal. This custom,
in common use in Natal, seems to In-
unknown in Zululand, where they use
the expression oka Nceni (she who
of Nceni), when speaking of such a
woman, wena ha' Nceni (thou of Nceni >
when speaking to her.

uku-Ma, n. Stand, position, as a man may
adopt in regard to any affair; natural
state or condition of anything, as its
habit of growth, colour, brittleness,
etc; natural way, manner, habit, or eus;
torn, of any particular individual, 5r
people (= uku-vela, i-mVelo, iti-Milo).

u-Mabani (no plur.), u. Rope of twisted
calf-skin encircled by men round the
body as a full-dress ornament — urn-
Gilo, i-nTsonto.

u-Mababakazana (Mabhabhakazana), n.
Common nickname or ni-bongo of a
reckless, courageous young man who,
upon meeting the enemy, just throws
himself sprawling in {babalala) upon
them.

Mabekana (Mabhekana), prep. maqo-
ndana.

u-Mabengwane (Mabhengwane), n. Wood-
ford's Owl (Syrnium Woodfordi), whose
peculiar hoot is often heard in the woods
at night, saying. Woza! ivoza! 'mabe-
ngwane! (come! come! 'mab eng wane!
-its mate, of course). Cp. isi-Kova.

X.B. The fat of this bird, mixed with
i'Sokalakwaxulu (common washing-soda i ifl
used as an i(li)-Habiya.

u-Mabibini, v. Small harmless snake, in
some clans regarded as the idhlnsi of
a woman.

u-Mabilwana, n. Tree whose bark is used
as an aperient medicine (C.N.).

u-Mabobe, n. Kind of long grass, used
for mat-making.

u-Mabona (or in full) Mabonabulawe, n.
A thing which only requires to be seen
to be killed — only used colloquially in
figurative sense of a person, snake, etc.,
who is deadly hated by another.

Ex seku eyakira' Mabonabulairc, it is (be-
tween two enemies i already a matter of Bee-
and-slay.

21*

MA

372

MA

u-Mabongwendhlini ('mostly in JJIxlt.), n.
= i(li)-Bongwendhlini (N).

u-Mabope (Mabophe),n. Certain plant
(Acridocarpus Natqlitiics) whose red
roots are use as an inTelezi or sprink-
ling-charm against all manner of evil
influence, coming dangers, etc., and as an
isi-betelelo ; any very strong, overpower-
ing smell (see bopa).

X.B. The doctor in sprinkling the medicine
about a kraal in order to stay the power of
some umtakati supposed to be operating
thereon, might shout as he does so, mbambe!
'niabope.' (catch him, tnabope)]

u-Maboqwana (Mabhoqivana), n. Certain
plant, used both as an um-Bulelo, and
as a cure for the same.

u-Mabu, n. = u-Ngoqo.

u-Mabubane, n. Kind of girls' girdle re-
sembling a narrow kilt and gen. made
of i-nCakusha cloth; applied also to a
'Highlander' soldier (N).

u-Mabukula (s.k.),n. Name given to a
small bundle of sticks used by some
aba-ngoma for divining with. Native
report accredits these divining-rods with
many wonderful, albeit absurd powers.
Their use is of only recent introduction
into Zululand, and consequently they are
scarcely known there, save by these
most exaggerated and fictitious reports
= izi-mPengu (C.N.).

u-Mabuyakusasa (s.k.), n. Nickname for an
umtakati who prowls about all night,
returning home in the morning.

u-Madevana, n. The 'Jack' of any suit in
playing cards. See um-Hlikwe.

u-Madimana, n. = i(li)-Gqibo.

u-Madolwana, n. Kind of running grass
(Ari&tida sp., also Eragrostis superba).

u-Mafavuke (s.k.),n. Name given to any-
thing, e.g. an annual plant, that habi-
tually 'dies' (afe) and comes to life
again (avuke).

u-Mafikajwayele (s.k.),n. Person who,
though a new comer or stranger, as-
sumes undue familiarity with people or
in any place, denoting a forwardness of
character.

u-Mafikayihlahlele (s.k.),n. Person who
though a perfect stranger to any affair,
thrusts himself into the dispute quite
uncalled for, as though he knew all about
it; or who sets about deciding it with-
out deigning to hear advice or evidence.
See isi-Hlutu; hlahla.

u-Mafikazisina (s.k.), n. Man who is always
behind time, last to turn up, a loiterer,
'who arrives at the dance when the girls

are already dancing' and so unable the
join in himself.

u-Mafufununu, n. Huge, broad-bodied per-
son or beast taking the whole bench or
road to himself.

u-Mafushazana, n. Green grasshopper,
short and thick (C.N.).

u-Magagana, n. One with sunken stomach,
a hungry beggar (N).

u-Magedhle, n, Violent colliding of the
heads against one another, as of two
rams fighting ; ram-fight, as when played
by two children knocking their heads
together (with ukivenza).

u-Magqamehlezi, n. Person with handsome
face, but ugly lower body. Cp. i(li)-
Nqunyivakanda.

u-Magqebeni (Magqebheni), n. Card of
the 'hearts' suit in playing-cards. Cp.
um-Cijwane; u-Mpukane; i(li)-Geja.

u-Magqibane, n. Native mode of hair-dres-
sing practised by girls, by patting the
hair after clipping, so as to make the
single crisp stumps form into tiny ring-
lets or curls all over the head ( with
shay a). See gqiba.

u-Maguqa, n. Small pod-bearing veldt-
herb, whose very bitter leaves are eaten
as imifino = u-Doye.

u-Maguqu, n. Small bush (Masa) whose
berries are used medicinally for tape-
worm and roots as an emetic by young-
men 'to make them feel and look nice'
= i-nDenda; cp. i-nTlamvubele.

u-Magwazendhl ini, n. — u-Mabongwe-
ndhlini.

u-Mahagana or Mahagane, n. Lung-sick-
ness — the disease has no proper name
in Zulu, having been first introduced
into that country from Natal in the time
of Mpande (N).

u-Mahamba or Mahlala or Malala (Maha-
mbha), n. Name given to one always
going about, sitting about, or lying
about, in a profitless way — see ex. un-
der Hlala.

u-Mahambanendhlwana (Mahambhane-
ndhlwana), n. — a-Nkulunkundhleni;
also certain sea-slug, used as charm-me-
dicine.

u-Mahanya (Mahhanya), n. Certain weed,
growing in old fields.

u-Mahedeni, n. Veldt-herb {Phytolacca
Abyssinica and stricta) with a very poi-
sonous root, used medicinally, though
with frequent serious effects, by Native
doctors; species of veldt-locust or i(li)-
Qwagi.

MA

373

MA

abakwa'Mahesheza (a. k.), n. Section of the
ema.Ng went regiment, from the military-
kraal in which they lived.

Mania, vM.u\\ (ukuthi), v. Smash with a crash,
into pieces or fragments, as any brittle
thing like a calabash (ace.) or glass-bottle
(= in (thl aza) ; get so smashed (= mahla-
zeka ) ; go to bed fasting, ' all falling to
pieces' (with lata — see ama-Nzl; iikuti
saka) = ukuti mihli, ukuti mohlo.

u-Mahlabantsungulo (s.t.),n. Seedling of
any plant, as grass, mealies, etc., which
comes through the soil with the seed-leaf
rolled in one sharp point or u-Sungu-
lo. Cp. isi-Pumpu.

u-Mahlabati (Mahlabathi),n. Certain creep-
ing veldt-plant, whose roots are used
for worms.

u-Mahlala, n. A sitter-down — only used
as in example under hlala.

u-Mahlanzinyokendala (s. k.), n. He who
vomits an old snake — applied to an
umtakati of the most villainous kind.

Mahlaza, v. = ukuti mahla; mihliza; mo-
hloza.

Mahlazeka (s.k.),v. = ukuti mahla; mi-
hlizeka; mohlozeka.

u-Mahlekehlatini (Mahlekehlathini), n. He

who laughs out of a forest — applied to
a man with a profusely whiskered face,
the hair covering the cheeks.

u-Mahlosa, n. — i(li)-Hlosa.

u-Mahogo, n. Very bitter variety of the
i(li)-Habehabe herb.

u-Mahwababa, a. Veldt-plant, with a flower
resembling the dandelion.

Maka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti mu-

ku.
isi-Makade (s.k.), n.

thing, as an old

u-Ngwia.

Ex. isimukade sexwe, the ancient thing of
the land — a common appellation of the Zu-
lu king.

Makala (s.k.), v. — mukula.

u-Makabeni (Makhabeni), n. Certain brown
bird, frequenting reeds and mealie-gar-
dens (C.N.).

u-Makalisa (Makhalisa), n. Nickname for
snuff — 'that which causes to weep'.

u-Makolwase (Makholwase), n. = i(li)-Ko-
Iwase.

u-Makoti (Makooti; s.k.; s.t. = more cor-
rectly um-Akoti q. v.), n. Bride, newly-
taken young wife — freq. applied to a
girl already lobola'd, just previous to the
wedding, and also to a young wife with
already perhaps a couple of children,

Any very old or ancient
tree, or old woman =

but not properly beyond that, although
old women will always call one much
younger than themselves by this name
(=r um-Lobokazi) ; also ubu-Tumu

she. See u(lu)-Koti, u(lu)-Kotshana
[Nyal. m-kota, wife; Zi. m-kodzi, woman;
Ro. mo-kati, female; Ya. m-kongwe, wo-
man; Gi. mi-kigi, woman].

Phr. umbila sowu ng'omakoti, the mealies
are now brides (sitting with a veil over tin-
head and face) i.e. have now opened out
their flower-tufts so that they fall drooping
around.

umnkoti wasikua auiose emlonyeni nge-
ndhlald, enqaVinyama, the young-wife was
cut in the mouth by the knife of hunger,
having refused (according to Native cu-tom )
to eat meat — may be said of one whoso
obstinacy has brought its own retribution.

Maku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = makula\
ukuti hlasi.

isi-Maku (s. k.), n. Dog of any small Euro-
pean breed. Cp. u-Bova [? Eng.].

Makula (s.k.),v. Seize hastily, grab up, take
up with a sudden snatch (not snatch
away — see hlwita), as a thing (ace.)
from the table (= hlasiza); give one
(ace.) a smack or rap with the forepart
of the fingers (not the whole palm
see i-mPama).

u-Makutula (Makhuthula), n. Certain herb
used medicinally for tapeworms.

u-Makwenyane (Maktouenyane),n. Certain
plant, with grey-greenish leaves.

u-Malah!a, n. A 'settler', a decisive word
or stroke. Cp. i-Nqobo.

u-Malahiwanoboya, u. Contemptuous name
for a dog, which, when dead, is 'thrown
away only covered by its hair'; dog of
a person — applied to one of no use of
value to anybody, as a helpless woman
who bears no children, or a miserable
useless man.

u-Malala.w. Certain plant used to ward
off lightning, or against the conse-
quences of an iguana having entered
a hut.

u-Malali, n. Small plant used for washing
a new-born babe to make it grow a
quiet child, not given to crying.

i-Mali, 71. S. Money [said to be a corruption
of Eng. money. Cp. Ar. mat, property,
money; Sw. malt, wealth; Ga. malt,
riches — all derived, not from the Eng.,
but from the Arab.].

Ex. le'ngubo ibix'imali-tii na? or inetna-
li-ni nn'r this blanket costs what money,
i.e. what is the price of thi- blanket '.'

u-Malibombo (Malibombho), n. (C.N.)
i-7iTwalalubombo.

MA 3?4

u-Malokazana (9. k. ; plur. o-Malokazana or
aba-Lokazanaj, n. Daughter-in-law i.e.
wife of one's son. See um-Kwenya.

u-Malukobo (Mahtkobho), n. Madness [D.
malfcop].

u-Malume, )>. Any brother or half-brother
of one's mother, i.e. maternal uncle; or
of any other wife of one's father; also
any um-Zala (male) of one's mother
(used with poss. adjs. wami, wako, we-
tu, icabo, as required). Cp. v-Mameka-
:/; u-Babekazi.

N.B. In Natal, other forma are used for
the 2nd. aud 3rd. persons — see u-Nyokoht-
Dit; u-Ninalume.

u-Malunda, n. Person with the spinal
bones protruding conspicuously just
below the neck; wild, irascible man, one
who 'gets his back up'.

Ex. nyikolisckile-, nyaxitela kumaltmda, I
have got in for it, I threw myself on a wild
one with its back up i.e. a man whose
anger is dangerous.

Malunga or Malungana, prep. Alongside
and in a line or even with (with na),
abreast of, as one bullock alongside
another in the same yoke, or two huts
side by side facing in the same direc-
tion (not a single kraal standing e.g.
alongside a road = ecaleni kwa) — the
word is now scarcely known in Zulu-
land, though in common use in Natal,
where the word has been recently cor-
rupted by the addition of the Xosa mean-
ing of 'in reference to, in respect of.
Cp. ntaqondana.

u-Malunkambu (Malunkambhu), n. Cer-
tain kind of dark-blue cotton-cloth with
broad red stripes.

u-Malusi, n. Poisonous plant, acting as a
violent cathartic.

Mama (accent on first syll.), int. = mamo
(of hunting).

u-Mama, n. = u-Mame.

u-Mamakulu ( Mamakhulu), n. = u-Mame-
kvlu.

Mamana, n. only used in the vocative, as
coaxing word for a little girl-child —
'little mother'. Comp. Tana, Tate.

kwa'Mamangalahlwa, n. Far, faraway; in
the far distance, or a far off land, where
'Mother! I am lost!' = ema-Juguju-
g ivini; kwa' Mampontshe.

Mamateka (Mamatheka), v. Smile = mo-
moteka, bozozela, qikizela imihlati, mo-
mozela, monyozela; cp. hleka [Sw. me-
metuka, sparkle; Bo. mumusika, smile].

i-Mamba (Mambha), n. 3. Generic name ! M
for several varieties of venomous viper,

MA

of similar form and habits, having long
slender bodies capable of standing erect,
small undilatable necks and long nar-
row heads with prominent eyes (espe-
cially when excited) [Mpo. o-mamba,
snake; Sw. Bo. Heh. mamba, crocodile;
Ga. sarambwa, black and white snake;
Xo. i-mamba, python; Su. mampha-
roane, lizard].

Phr. imamba yequbula (ov yesiqunga), a
mamba of the old grass (or tambootie grass),
which is supposed to be fiercer than those
met in bushes.

N.B. The various kinds of imamba aa
known in Zululand, though the explanations
are conflicting and scarcely satisfactory, are
as follows: —

1. emnyama, also called i-Mambalukoto
(Dendraspris angmticeps), colour black, belly
white, favourite habitat rocky and bushy
places, gen. up to about eight feet in length,
and fatally poisonous, death occurring within
less than twenty-four hours.

2. i-nDhlondhlo ( a kind of cerastes or
horned-viper ), of lustrous blackish body, with
a small erect horny crest on each side of
the head, in size similar to preceding (of
which this variety is said to be merely a
more perfect subsequent development), living
in unfrequented bushy and rocky places,
rarely seen, but fatally poisonous and much
dreaded.

3. empofu, of a light dirty-brown colour.,
slightly yellowish about the belly, not so
fierce, nor vet so poisonous as both the pre-
ceding — this variety is by some supposed
to be in a state intermediary between the
emnyama aud i-nDhlondhlo. It is frequent
about watery places, 'because when struck,
it makes at once for the water'.

4. e'luhlaxa ewe, also called i-Mambahdi,
of about the same length as the emnyama,
colour bright unmarked green throughout
body, and greenish belly, given to climbing-
trees in bushy country, and in the grass
standing highly erect 'so as to appear like
a stick' (whence the name), fatally poison-
ous, though very rare.

5. e'luhlaxa iqopile, of green colour with
black spottings about the neck and black
stripings crosswise round the ribs, generally
shorter than the preceding, being seldom
more than four or five feet, and less poison-
ous than they are; it is frequently given,
especially when young, to discarding the
veldt and taking up its dwelling in kraal-
fences and the like, during which 'tame'
state it is called an i-Nyandexulu or mes-
senger from some royal or very high-class
i-dhloxi, and is not molested.

ame (both sylls. accentuated), int. ex-
pressing grief (— maye), wonder (— :

MA

375

MA

mamo), or sneering surprise [Sw. ma-
ma we!].
u-Mame, n. My, or our, mother (generally
used without any poss. pron.) and ap-

plied alike to any of the wives of one's
father; or by a young person to any
women of the same elan or isi-bongo
as himself; or by a man or woman to
his or her mother-in-law; also some-
times applied to one's maternal aunt (=
u-Mamekazi); and eoaxingly to a little
girl-child. Seeu-Nyoko; u-Niua; n-Mayo
[Skr. md, bring forth; matri, mother;
Hi. ma, mat a; Chin, mu; Tart, mamma,
earth; Kr.'umm, mother; Di. ma; Itum.
tnai; Bu. maw, Gal. mayu; Gu. maju;
Nyamb. mawe; Ku. manyi; Mo. ama-
ya; Ya. amao; Bar. Sw. Her. and most
Bantu languages— mama].

Ex. tnuame owangixalayo, the mother who
gave birth to me i. e. my own or real mother.
See u-Nokanula.

yek'umame! just look at my mother! oh,
mother !— expressing fun or playful surprise
at a thing, as one girl might at another doing-
something comical.
isi-Mame, «. Collective name for all the
'mothers' or women of any place or
assemblage.
u-Mamekazi (s.k.),n. Any sister or half-
sister of my or our mother i. e. mater-
nal aunt; any um-Zala (female) of mo-
ther. Cp. u-Babekazi; u-Malume.
u-Mamekulu (Mamekhulu), n. My, or our,
grandmother i. e. mother of either father
or mother. See u-Babamkulu; u-Koko;
u-Kulu.
kwa'Mamengalahlwa, n. = kwa'Mamanga-

lahlwa.
Mameshane, int. = Babashane, but most-
ly used by females.
u-Mamezala, n. My mother or father-in-
law i. e. mother and father of a woman's
husband = u-Mezala. Comp. um-Kwe,
u m-Kwekazi, u-Nyokozala, u-Nlnaza la .
Mamfuza, v. Make a great 'blubbering'
with the chops, with the sound mamf'u
/nam t'v, as when a gluttonous man or
child is eating with the mouth stuffed
full of meat (ace), etc.; used also of the
smoking-horn and pipe (ace).
Mamo (accent on first syllable), int. Hur-
rah! --only used as below = mama.

N.B. When a man effectively stabs a buck
at a hunt, he immediately cries out Mamo
uBuhte! (hurrah for uBuhle - naming the
kraal to which he belongs), whereupon the
other members of his party or neighbourhood
roar out the reply ji.! — all which cheering
i called nkw-enanexela q. v.

Mamo (both sylls. accentuated), int. expres-
sing surprise simply, or surprise in a
sneering, indignant, or impatient way,
equivalent to Eng. dear me! what next:
what the deuce! etc.

u-Mampabane (s. />.; no plw.), n. Medium
large red bead, or heads, larger than
the um-Gazi.

u-Mampontshe (s.j).; 8.t.),n. Name 0! a
certain former chief, living very far
north or in the interior, to whose country
Zulu spies are once said to have come.
Hence the expression kwa' MamponUhe
came to be equivalent to 'far, far away '
= kwa Mamengalahiwa.

u-Mampozomana (s.p.), n. Crafty, cunning
person, a sharper (gen. used as a nick-
name for such a person).

Mamula, v. Make the first acquaintance
with a thing, porceive for the first time,
as one's mouth (ace.) by giving it the
first food of the day (= qabula), or a
person or thing (ace.) seen for the first
time, or as a person (nom.) who hitherto
silent suddenly wakes up to the fact of
what is going on about him (= qabu-
ka) = mamulula.
Mamuleka (s.k.), v. Get made to have the
first acquaintance with a thing, get made
to perceive a thing for the first time,
as when made to see a person for the
first time, or one's mouth when it is
given food for the first time in the day
(used in pert'.) = qabvka, mamuluka.

Mamuluia, v. = mamula.
Mamuluka (s. k.), v. — mamuleka.
Mana, imperat. of ma; also — neishana;
also as below.

Ex. tmem'esho, he is continually saying 80.

u-Mana, n. Mate, second one of a pair,
as of two wives placed in one hut, the
other of two goats born at the same
time, companion of an ox in the same
yoke, or the 'companion' of the eldest
son in the chief or the i-kohlo huts i. e.
the second son therein = u-Mbangqwana.

ama-Manamana (no sing.), »■ Quibbling,
prevaricating talk, as of one who is
seeking to evade the truth = ama-Me-
nemene. See manaza.

Manaza, v. Talk in a quibbling, prevari-
cating way, seeking to evade the truth
= mbangcaza, mbandaza, bengceta,
badaza; see ama-Manamana.

u-Mandubulu,?i. Pearl-spotted Owl (Glauci-
dium perlatum) — i-nKovana.

Mandulo, adv. Formerly, in former times,
before, previously. = emandulo, ku-
qala. See i-nDulo.

\

MA 376

Ex. ma acinic kade ung'enxi tvfe, formerly
you used not to do so.

u-Mandulo, >/. Month next following after
u-Ncwaba and beginning about or after
the middle of August 'when the first
gardens appear' (see andula) — the
name was adopted in Zululand to hloni-
pa the original name of u-Mpandu on
account of the late king u-Mpande; also
= i(li)-Sokanqangi.

Mane, verb. part, used before the subjunc-
tive to express entreaty, request, like
Eng. 'may', 'let' = ma.

u-Manga (no plur.Jn. Kind of yam, culti-
vated in Zululand, introduced from the
north or interior = isi-Tulu, i(li)-Boqo-
ngwane.

isi-Manga, //. Strange occurrence ( — isi-
Mangaliso ), though in use applied chief-
ly to a certain eruption of the body
( possibly from anthrax or other poison-
ing) popularly attributed to incest, and
to the false pregnancy (= i(li)-Qanga-
ne) of uterine disease in females.

Mangala, v. Wonder at, be surprised or
astonished at, as at any saying or oc-
currence (followed by agent, or with
nga); go Jo the magistrate to bring a
charge against anyone (with ela form
and ace. — this use of the word is of
quite modern introduction from Natal)
[Skr. man, think; Lat. miror, I wonder;

4 Ar. Jagab, astonishment; Sw. shangaa,
be astonished; Bo. maka, wonder].

Ex. ngiyamangala gilelo'zwi lako, I am
surprised at tbat word of yours.

its' eye 'kusimangakla, he has now gone
to take proceedings against us (in the
court ).
Mangalisa, ?.'. Cause to wonder, surprise,
astonish a person (ace).

isi or um-Manga!iso, n. 5. Any wonderful,
astonishing thing; strange, inexplicable
affair; miracle (M).

isi-Mangamanga, n. Anything surpris-
ingly, surpassingly beautiful.

isi-Ma-nganyawo, n. Nickname for a 'hu-
man being' or man (lit. one who stands
erect on his feet).

um- Mango, n. 5. Steep hill or mountain-
side.

Ex. vx/we lemimango, country of long hill-

entfl 'not precipitously broken, but with
many valleys and big hills to climb).

Phr. emmangweni, out in the veldt (even
when flat) = endhle.

mti was'emmangweni, a wild plant.

P. akuko'mmwngo ungena'liba, there is no
hillside without its grave = death is every-
where.

MA

u-Mangobe, n. Domestic cat — it is said
these were originally non-existent in Zulu
kraals, save in a few of the large ones
(into which they had been introduced
from the interior, after a war with a
certain tribe in that direction), and were
called by the pet name of o-Mangobe,
somewhat similar to the English word
'pussy', though probably a corrup-
tion of some name picked up from
the conquered tribe. Cats in the bush

I (if they really existed at that time)

I were known as izi-mPaka, and were
always supposed to be the property of

I some umtakati and to live at home in
an imbiza in his kraal [Teb. mangotve,

*cat; San. mmaka; Ko. maka; Ngo. u-
kanamanga],

Ex. amehlo abo enguke nesandhla esiyisa
emlonyeni, abnyele nctso csitsheni, kuhle
kuka'Mangobe, their eyes (these bad-man-
nered people) go up with the band to
the mouth, and down again with it to the
plate, just as Pussy does.
u-Mangqingwazana, n. = isi-Ngimbazano.

u-Mangqu!wane, n. Small garden-insect,

something like a lady-bird, but spotted

with yellow.
u-Mangqwashi, v. Ruf ous-naped Lark

(Mirafra Africana) = u-Ngqwashi,

u-Hnyi.

N.B. This bird is in great request among
young-men, who use its fat as a love-charm.

u-Mangwe, n. Certain bush, whose poison-
ous roots, of which there are said to
be three kinds, white, red, and black,
are used for uku-takata, and are said
to cause the disease of ama-Nxeba
(prob. intercostal neuralgia, or pleurisy) ;
such disease itself.

N.B. The method of administering this
evil-charm is as follows: — umtakati awu-
puke umuti udengexini, awuncinde, agcobr
ngawo imikonto emibili; ab'cs'eyiposa lego
'mikonto ngakuye lowo'mimtu atand'ukumbu-
lata, angabe esabeka ngakona; lowo'muntu
ab'es'efa njalo amanxeba nokukwehlela.

Manini, adv. When? = nini.
u-Maniweni, n. Poor beggar of a fellow

(N).
Manje, adj. Now, just now = kaloku.

Phr. namanje, it's true; you are right;
it is so.

Manjena, adj. = manje.

u-Mankenketa (Mankenketha), n. Veldt-
plant, used as a purgative.

u-Mankunkunku (a.k.),n. Certain medicine
employed by abatakati and said to
cause a swelling of the limbs; such

MA

certain plant
supposed to

( ( 'llSCIltll

(•aviso the

disease itself;
eas&ythioides),
disease.

Manqangi, adv. First, or before others
(C.N. — the word in this adverbial form
doesn't seem to be used in Zululand).
See u-Nqangi.

u-Manqangi,«. = u-Nqangi.

u-Manqina, u. A parasitical plant (C.N.).

u-Mantingana (s. t), n. Wind-eyed person,
who can't see a thing plain before him.
See ntingaza.

u-Mantlangwana, n. — i-nTlaiigirai/a.

u-Mantsavuza or Mantsavuzana (s.t.),n.
Sharp hoe or spade, that readily cuts
into the soil; one sharp and lively
with the tongue = u-Matsavuza. See
tsavuza.

u-Mantshasa (s.t.),n. = i-nCengela.
u-Mantshibe (s. L), n. Certain tree with a
cherry -like fruit (C.N.).

u-Mantshingelana (s.t),n. -- u-Maqanda-
lingopi.

u-Mantshola (s.t.),n — u-Gwatibane.

Manxa, adv. When == nxa.

u-Manxiwa-kamili'mbuya (Manxiwakamili-
mbhuya), n. Unsettled, restless kind
of person, who is always shifting his
kraal ; a ' rolling-stone ' ( lit. one whose
kraal-sites never come to grow any
imbuya-weed, he not remaining long
enough there).

Manyula, v. Shave a person (ace.) quite
smooth, i. e. his head.

i-Manyule, n.3. Head quite smooth of hair,
whether from shaving or baldness ;
person with such a head = i-Nyabi/lc.

Manzi, adj. — see ama-Nzi.

u-Manzini, n. Otter = um-Tini, i-nTini.

u-Mapangozipo (Maphangozipho), n. One
who habitually serves out small rations,
an excessively economical, stingy per-
son.

u-Mapekulana (Maphekalana), n. Name
given to mealies that have the freak of
growing the filaments from the grains
themselves, not from the cob; also for
ama-bele of a similar nature.

u-Mapipa (Maphipha), n. Certain tree,
whose bark, along with the root of
u-Ntungazi, is used as physic and clys-
ter for dysentery.

u-Mapuka (Maphuka), n. Shrub, bearing-
edible berries.

u-Maqandalingopi or Maqandalungopi (Ma-
qandalingophi), v. Small kind of snake,
seldom more than a foot lorn* but of

377 MA

plump body, Bomewhat rest mbling a
puff-adder in its habit and colour, and
equally as dangerous. It has the custom
of tin-owing itself, for a considerable
height, at its assailant (hence called u-
Mantehingelana or u-Mantshingeyana i;
and from the rapidity with which ite
venom ads, the name has arisen, lit
lie who strikes down dead [qanda t
before the person's head (i-kanda) has
even time to bleed (opa). Cp. i(li)-Bu-
lulti.

Every-

u-Maqapeqolo (Maqapheqolo), ».
day isidwaba or ibeshu, alwayi
waiting on one's rump' (- um-Hambe-
kaya)\ also = i-Mpabazane.

u-Maqimulana, it. Name given to rinder-
pest. See ukuti qimu.

Maqondana, cult'. In a line with, straight
with; in the direction of; opposite i<>
(with na); sometimes, having reference
to, referring to, touching upon ( latter
use is modern). Cp. malungana.

Ex. s'ake maqondana naleyo'ntaba, we
live in the direction of, in a straight line
with, that hill.

Maqoto (Maqotho), adj. </<>fo.

Ex. sesife oku'maqoto, we are now being
killed by a 'proper, genuine' thing (which
is no laughing-matter), as a severe famine.

u-Maquba (s. q.), n. Month beginning aboul
or after the middle of June, when the
winds are strong, 'raising' the dust {quba)
before them, and next following after
u-JVtlangulana = u-Nttilini, u-Ntulika-
zi, u-Mpofu, u-Lvtuli, u-Ntlangula.

u-Maqubintuli (s. t.)y n. = u-Maquba.

u-Maquntsula (Maqhuntsula), it. Small
veldt-plant ( Withania somnifera), the
bark of whose roots is pounded up and
'blown' into the vagina of a cow that
has lost its calf, so as to make it still
give its milk readily to another calf
ubu- Vim bo.

u-Maquzula (Maqhuzula), n. Nickname for
any stone, stump, etc., projecting in the
path and which might give an unpleasant
knock against ones toes in walking;
any powerful medicine, love-charm, and
the like; in fact anything which actually
or metaphorically might quzula q. v.

Marra, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti mahla.

Marraza, v. — mahlaza.

u-Marrabasi, n. Noisy, loud-voiced talker,
always heard above everybody else. See
rrabasa.

i(li)-Masa (collect.), it. Two kinds, large
and .-una!!, of dull while (like millv\ -
water, not porcelain white as the i(lih

MA

3?a ;

MA

Tam bo) beads, used, with the i-nGwele
and isi-Siinbi/ta, in the old days in
Zululand ; hence, variety of white mealie
(= i(Ii)-Geaki).

Phr. xtku-dhla imasa (ox imvu), to remain
silent when one ought to speak, as when
questioned and giving no reply, or, when
sent with a message, and just sitting down
as though oblivious of it or afraid to deliver
it.

u-Mashabana, //. Certain plant.

u-Masheqe, //. Old, worn-out bull. Cp.
um-Alukazi.

u-Mashiba, n. (C.N.) = u-Qamgwinqi.

Mashisha or Mashishane, adv. = masinya.

u-Mashiyakukalwa (Mashiyakukhalwa), n.
Xante given to any umtakati, lit. one
who leaves the people wailing.

u-Mashulubezi, n. One of those sent on
ahead of an army to spy out and give
warning, a scout, a spy, lit. one who
darts dodgingly about all over the place
(see shulubeza) — i-nTloli.

u-Mashwilishwili, n. Certain plant, used
as an i-nTelczi, like u-Mabope.

u-Masigcolo, n. Certain veldt-herb, used
as emetic.

u-Masimpamps (s.p.), n. Small square
piece of bead work worn as an ornament
hanging from the neck.

u-Masingana, n. Month beginning about
or after the middle of November, and
next after n-Zibandhlela, lit. the month
for peering about - singa — in the
gardens looking how the pumpkins,
etc., are getting on for the royal feast of
first-fruits to be held in the following
month.

Masinya or Masinyane, adv. Soon, quick-
ly (i.e. early) = masisha, masishane,
m ash ish a, in ash ish ane.

Masisha or Masishane, adv. = masinya.
u-Masiza, //. Name for any 'helper', as in
proverbs below : —

P. ng'uMasixa, ng'uMabuya lap" kunga-
buyi 'ndoda, he's a helper, he's one who re-
turn.- from where no other man returns —
said in praise of one who never refuses a
request for help.
ng'uMasixa lus'embengeni, lutt lungaba
ritebeni, luciteke, its a helper (the u-poko
1 which is very tiny) when in the bas-
ket, hut when it's (scattered about) on a
mat, it get- lost - recommending the neces-
sity of carefulness in handling one's food-
snpply, which though appearing of large
quantity when in thf sack, quickly disap-
•. the use

Mata (s. t.J, v. Be wet, or damp, as earth
where water has been spilt (used in
perf.); be given up, let die away, fall
through, as an affair which has turned
out impossible to arrange.

Ex. indaba yabuya yamata, the affair sub-
sequently fell through, came to nothing.

u-Mata (s.t.),n. (C.N.) = u-Mana [? Eng.
tn ate].

i(!i)-Mata (s.t.),n. Affair that has been let
drop, fallen through, as too difficult to

solve, etc.

Matambama (Mathambhama), adv. - - see

ama-Tambama.
Matana (s. t.), v. Mate or pair with ( of living

things). See u-Mana [? Eng. mate\.

u-Matanazana (Mathanazana), n. Barren
female baboon, which, never burdened
with a family, is the constant companion
of the male herd.

u-Matanjana (Mathanjana), n. Veldt-plant,
whose roots are used for scrofulous swel-
lings.

u-Matebeni or Matebetebeni (Mathebeni), n.
Kind of kestrel, often seen hovering in
a stationary manner over the veldt.

Ex. ake nikuxe nmatcbetebeni! may you
applaud the kestrel! — a direction given by
a young-man when about to giya in a cer-
tain way.

u-Matinta (Mathinta), n. = u-Malala.
Matisa (s. t.), v. Make damp, wet, moisten
a thing (ace).

u-Matoyisa (Mathoyisa), n. Small plant
(Lepidium Capense), whose roots are
used for sore-throat, etc.

u-Matsavuza (s.t.),n. = u-Mantsavuza.

isi-Matumatu (s.t.),n. Person with beauti-
ful full face and prime handsome body,
in the full bloom of youth.

u- Matunga (Mat hung a), n. Veldt-plant ( C/yr-
tanthus obliquus), whose roots are used
us an emetic for chest complaints and as
clyster for scrofula = u(lu)-Koko.

u-Matutuvana (Mathuthuvana), n. Cer-
tain creeper, used as fibre ; also = u-Si-
noni.

u-Maveletshete (Maveletshethe), n. = u-Ve-
letshete.

u-Mawube,w. Red-shouldered Whydah
Finch (Urobrachya axillaris), the male
of one variety of i-nTaka.

Maye (both syllables accented alike), int.
Expressing grief, misfortune, etc., equi-
valent to 'alas!' 'woe;' also sudden
wonderment, as 'oh!'

Ex. maye babof cry of a hoy when being

lyo ;
He.

MA 379

thrashed, or in pain; maye mame.' of a girl.
ntfii/r..' ngomntanami! alas! for my child!
— cry of a woman over her dead child.

Mayela, prep, and adv. Over towards,

over by, about, in the vicinity of (used

with nga and loc).
Ex. ishnnya uyakulifumanisa mayela nc/a-

a'emaatno, you will find the snuff-box over

towards the back of the hut.
u-Mayikili (s.k.),n. = isl-Yingaginga.
Mayima, v. Reduplicated form of Ma.
u-Mayime, u. Certain red-flowering plant

(Clivia miniata) whose roots are used

as isi-hlungu for snake-bite, for stomach

disorders, etc.
u-Mayo, n. Dialect of Mtetwa tribe, in

Zululand, for 'mother' = u-Mame [Ya.

atnao, mother; Gal. magu; Nyat.

Mas. geigo; Go. gaga; Gu. maju;

gumva; Ben. yuawa].

u-Mazifisa, n. — u-Mzifm.

u-Mazitike (s.t.; s.k.),n. String of bead-
work with a small square piece hanging
therefrom, and used as ornament for
waist, neck, head, etc. (N.).

u-Mazwenda, n. Certain stout, tough forest-
climber (Uvaria Caffra), stripped up
for Native wicker-work, binding, etc. =
um-Zunguhi.

Mba, ukuti (Mbha, ulcuthi), v. Be clearly
exposed to view, in the open, plainly
visible, as a path after a grass-fire, a
kraal conspicuously situated, or the sea
plainly seen from a hill-top [Lat. pateo,
I lie open; Ar. ban, to be clear].

Mba (Mbha), v. Dig, in any sense; hence,
dig up, dig out, as a root or stone (ace.)
from the ground ; excavate, as a hole or
ditch (ace); grub, as a pig; burrow, as
an ant-bear or rabbit. Comp. xibula.
[Sw. chimba. dig; Her. hupa, dig out;
Chw. epa, dig; MZT. simba; Ga.
sitna],

Phr. aunt.' wasimze w'emba ivambuhila,
wamshiya le, oh! he just tore off like light-
ning, leaving him far away behind = <r<t-
shaya wacita, washaya wabedula.

P. aicumbiwa ndawonye, it (the medicine
or poison) is not dug up (i.e. found) only
in one place = there is more poison than
one; two can play at that game (of doing
for one another).
umu-Mba (umuu-Mbha), n. 5. Beast given
to the bride's mother (or her people, if
she be dead) by the bridegroom's people
:= isi-Fociya sika'nina, eyokubonga "-
kmala kwake, u-Hlanga luka'nina lo-
kuta (intombazana isencane), i-nGqutu,
etc.

MBA

Mbala (Mbhala), adj. A more (one), a
single (one) — expressing only dispar-
agement or contempt (- hula); also adv.
and int. actually! it's a fact! really, in
truth (— hala, nembala). ''hdi)i. ukuti
7 aba.

Ex. kanginikanga no? pent ombala (<>v oba-

ln), he didn't give me even a single penny.

uxe wangincieha nogwayi ombala (or oba-

In), he went and begrudged me even a mere

( pinch of ) snuff.
mbala! nangu f.*t. actually! here be in

coming.

mbala? is it a fact'.' do you really say BO?

u-Mbalane (Mbhalane), n. Golden-rumped
Canary (Serinus icterus), a troublesome
visitor in corn-fields.

Phr. kayikumposa umbalane, he won't throw
at the umbalane -- might be used as a threat,
or expression of hopelessness, meaning that
he wont live to sec the summer come round
again.

woz'ube nebula njengombalane, you will
come to have a mark like the canary which
has a mark on the neck) i.e. you will lie-
come notorious in the land ( may-be by the
crimes of your wife or child).

N.B. The umbalane cries aku 'mabele,
intUintili! yonke WntUintili ngixa'kuy'enxa
njani? this isn't corn; it's real heaps! what
shall I do with all this abundance?

isi-Mbambane (Mbhambhane), n. (C.N.)
= isi-Bambane; also (C.N.) low flat
ant's nest.

Mbambata (Mbhambhatha), e. Pat with
the hand, as a child (ace.) or dog on tin-
head = bambata [Her. pambara, pat;
Sw. papasa, pat gently].

Mbana, adj. — see Bana.

Mbancaza (Mbhancaza), v. = ma nam.

ama-Mbanda or Mbande (Mbhanda no
sing.,), n. Two things being dealt with
at the same time (usually u^<y with
pata), as two vessels being carried at
the same time one in each hand, two
works being directed by the same per-
son, or two children (twins ) to be reared
by one mother at once = ama-Mba-
ngqa, ama-N/s/>i</(/, ama-Pahla.

Ex. aicungihoni, yini, nyipete amamba-
Tula? don't you see me, then, carrying in both
hands, or with two jobs on my hands?

ama or ubu-Mbandambanda (Mabhnda-
mbkanda), n. ama^Manamana.

Mbandaza (Mbhandaaa), <•. „><n/<r:a.

i-Mbande, //. .7. See i-mBande.

isi-Mbandhlubu (Mbhandhlubu), n. = urn-
Zungulu; also certain small tree.

Mbangcaza (Mbhangcaea), r. = manaza.

MBA

380

MBE

ama-Mbangqa or Mbanqa (Mbhangqa), n,

= ama-Mbanda.
u-Mbangqwana or Mbanqwana (Mbha-
ngqwana),n. (gen. used with na) = u-
Mti /.'if.

Ex. wabekwa abe umbangqioana naye, she
was placed to be her mate — as a new wife
placed with an elder one to live and work
with her.

imbuxi ixala ombangqwana, a goat bears
pairs (or couples) = ama-Pahla.
Mbanya (Mbhanya), v. Be miserly, pos-
sess in abundance and begrudge any
use of it. as a woman who, having plen-
ty of food, yet stints her children.

Ex. umuntu ombanyayo (or ombanyileyo),
a miser.
ama-Mbata (Mbhatha; no sing.), n. Circlet
worn round the neck or head by a man
who has killed another in battle, and
consisting of a number of tiny skin bags
stringed together and containing medi-
cinal-charms against evil results, etc.
See i-nCweba.
u-Mbaxa (Mbhaxa), n. Any double-barrel-
led or double-rowed thing, as a gun
with double barrels, a double-handled
spoon, or two rows or strings of bead-
work running side by side.
i-Mbaxambaxa (Mbhaxambhaxa), n. See

i-mBaxambaxa.
u-Mbayimbayi (Mbhayimbhayi), n. Can-
non (Mod.). See i-nTuluntulu.
u-Mbayiyana (Mbhayiyana), n. Biting cold-
ness or cold, as' of the winter winds
blowing from the Drakensberg = u(lu)-
Gwele.
Mbe, ukuti (Mbhe, ukuthi),v. Be thorough-
lv firm, fast, stiff, steadfast, positive,
etc. — used to intensify qina in all its
meanings; make so thoroughly fast, firm,
etc. (= mbembeza).

Ex. w'enqaba watt mbe, he refused abso-
lutely.

Phr. yati inyoni, 'Zidinjana, mbe! mbe.'
Ixidvnjana uUi mbe mbe, the bird said to
the little clods (being hoed up in the field),
clioj cling fasl ! And the little clods

did cling fast, cling last — a saying of the
old women to the children.
Mbe (Mbhe), adj. Another; different -
this adjective seems to be used in the
Zulu idiom always as a predicate, even
when, in English, it should take the
form of an epithet [Her. ambangu, dif-
ferent; peke, alone; Sw. mbalimbali,
different].

\ta indhlela imbe, he then took
a different (or another) way.

hwakungeko umfana mumbe, there was not

another boy (= omuiiye umpna).

hwakungeko na? mumbe umfana, there was
not a single hoy (= noyedwa umfana).

nakona uvuna, 'su'limbe lako (or 'su'la-
mbe), and even though you harvest (think-
iug to save the crop from the locusts),
your way is different (from that customary
with all other people, i. e. you stand alone
in your way of doing things).

uku-tata nga'simbe (isandhla) , to take with
a different (hand) i.e. to do in a manner
of one's own, not according to custom or
ordinary usage.

Mbebe, ukuti (Mbhebe, ukuthi), v. Slap or
give a rap (generally on the face) with
the back of the hand, as one person
might another (ace.) when suddenly put
out = ukuti nilaka, ukuti ncaka ; cp.
ukuti muku.
Mbebeza (Mbhebeza), v. — ukuti mbebe,

ncakala, ntlakala; cp. mukula.
Mbela (Mbhela), v. Bury, as a dead per-
son (ace. — used generally transposed
into passive voice); plant out, transplant
(= gxumeka); dig for, at, etc. See mba.
Ex. nging'uqoto oximbelayq, I am a waif
who digs up for himself i. e. who has to find
his own food and living as best he can.
akakambelwa, he is not yet buried.

Mbeleka (Mbheleka), v. Get dug in for
i. e. be sunk deep into the ground, as a
big stone, or root of a tree, or a post
stuck in deeply.

urn (id. im)-Mbelo (Mbhelo),n. 5. Any-
thing as a stone, when sunk deeply or
buried in the soil; kraal or cattle-fold
fence, when built of a kind of railing fix-
ed firmly in the ground, upon which
rest and cross each other alternately
from opposite directions other long-
stakes fixed close together in the ground
on each side.

Ex. ngati ngilima ngati ntfa embeluei/i.
as I was hoeing, I banged right upon a
buricd-stone.

i-Mbemba, n.S. See i-mBemba.

isi-Mbembembe (Mbhembhembhe), n. Any-
thing thoroughly firm, fast, stout, stiff,
etc., as a nail, stick, or a sharp person.
See ukuti mbe, qina.

Mbembesa (Mbhembhesa), v. Eat to satiety
(C.N.).

Mbembetela (Mbhembhethela), v. Make
fast, as a stake (ace.) in the ground =
ukuti mbe.

Mbembeza (Mbhembhesa), v. — ukuti mbe.

Mbence, ukuti (Mbhence, ukuthi), v. = uku-
ti bence.

MBE

381

MMO

isi-Mbence (Mb hence), n. = i(li)-Bencebe-
nce; very small, thin-lipped mouth ca-
pable of easy 'screwing about' (cp. isi-
Bumbulu, isi-Xukulu, i-mBibika ).

Mbenceka (Mbhenceka), v. = benceka.

i(li)-Mbencembence (Mbhencembhence), ft.

= i(li)-Beneebence.

Mbenceza (Mbhenceza), v. == benceza.
i(li)-Mbende (Mbkende), n. ~ i(li)-Peket wa-
ne.

u-Mbendeni (Mbhendeni), n. Anthrax;

sometimes applied to red-water, from

the splenic symptoms (= u-Bosiki).
Mbengce, ukuti; Mbengceka; Mbengceza =

Mbence, ukuti; Mbenceka; Mbenceza.
i-Mbengembenge, n. 3. See i-mBengembe-

nge.

um-Mbeza (Mbheza), n. 5. = um-Embesa.

Mbi, adj. — see Bi.

MbVbi, ukuti (Mbhlbi, ukuthi), v. Give a
person (ace.) a slap or rap with the back
of the hand = ukuti mbebe.

Phr. angixange ngiti mbibi, I have not
given my mouth a rap i. e. have not eaten a
morsel of food.

u-Mbicosho (Mbhic,osho),n.l. = u-Ndico-
sho.

i-MbVbimbibi (Mbhlbimbhibi), n. 3. — see

i-mBibimbibi.
i-MbVcimbici,rc. 3. See i-mBicimbici.

i-MbTkimbiki (Mbh'lkimbhiki), n. 3. — see

i-mBikimbiki.
i- Mbi la, n. 3. See i-mBila.

isi-Mbila (Mbhila),n. Mealie field or plan-
tation.

um-Mbila (Mbhila),n.5. Maize or mealies
(collect. = umu-Mbu); certain white-
wooded forest tree (= um-Hlalajuba).
Cp. i(li)-Gcaki; ulw-Andhlekazana;
u-Hlezane; i(li)-Huma [Haytian, mar
hiz; Sw. ma-hlndi, maize in grain; mbi-
si, parched maize ; Bo. ma-hemba, maize ;
ma-buli, parched maize; Ba. mbomu,
maize; Bon. moni, sorghum; Xo. um-
bona, maize; Sa. mbaia, maize; Mor.
dobole; Ga. Jcasoli; Ya. imanga; Nyas.
pumanga; Bis. sitonga; Chil. muindi;
Reg. me-bele, maize; At. abolo, mealie-
bread; bafo, mealies].

ama-Mbila (Mbhila), n. First milk or
milking of any cow. See um-Pehlu, um-
Ncunze, um-Gqobiya.

i-Mbilembilana, n.3. See i-mBilembilana.

u(!u)-Mbimbi (Mbhimbhi), n. A dishonest
joining of oneself to any particular per-
son or party (with ku) as against cer-
tain other persons (with nga) from pre-

judice or under false motives, as when
a man, quite indifferent ae to justice or
honesty, sides with his friend in a dis-
pute again s1 another, or with his super-
ior from fear; such combination or dis-
honest union of persons againsl another
= u(lu)'Bubu, i-mBombombo', cp. u(lu)-
Zungu.

Ex. uy'enxa umbi/mbi kuye, ngoba uyarrCe-
saba, he makes a false union with him (i.e.
is prejudiced towards him, sides with hhn I,
because he is afraid of him.

b'enxa umbimbi ngaye, they formed a dis-
honest combination or compact of prejudice
against him (i.e. the secondary parlies being
influenced by other motives than right and
justice).

Mbimbitela (Mbhimbhithela), v. = bimbi-
tela.

u-Mbimbito or Mbimbitwa (Mbhimbhi-
tho), n. = u-Masingana.

Mbimbiza (Mbhimbhiza), v. Make a loud
whizzing noise (C.N.).

Mbincilizi, ukuti (Mbhlncilizi, ukuthi), v. =

ukuti mind.
i-Mb'i'shimbishi, n.3. See irmBishimbishi.

Mbo, ukuti (Mbl>b, ukuthi), v. Cover up,
cover right over (ace.) by enclosing be-
neath or within some covering (with
nga), as by throwing something over
its opening, mouth, eye, or whole body,
as when a person places a lid over a
box or an inverted basket over the mouth
of an u-kamba, or his hands over the
eyes of a person, or a blanket all over
one's body (== mboza ) ; set on its mouth
or in any way so as to cover up its
open part, as when one turns an open
box (ace.) or pot upside down (= mbo-
"!/a)\ get so covered up or covered over
( = mbozeka), or set on its mouth ( =
mbonyeka).

i-Mbo (Mbho), n.3. = u(lu)-Hlonzane.

isi-Mbo (Mbho),n. = isi-Gxa.

i-Mbobombobo, n.3. See i-mBobombobo.

i-Mbodhlombodhlo, u. 3. See i-mBodhlo-

mbodhlo.
i-Mbodombodo, >t. 3. See i-mBodombodo.

u-Mbombo (Mbhombho),n. Certain en
ing plant, with large flat leaves, u
as an i-nTelezi.

i-Mbombo (Mbhombho), n. 3. See i-mBo'-
mbo.

i-Mbombombo, >/. 3. See i-mBombombo.

Mbomboza (Mbhombhoza). v. Talk <>r act
with prejudice, in a dishonestly biased
maimer in favour of one's friend, chief,
etc., against another without any regard

MBO

382

MBU

to right or justice (see i-Mbombombo);

stamp, thumb with a hollow resounding
noise, as on a floor or over a hollow
place beneath the ground; resound or
give forth a hollow noise, as such a floor
or place.

u-Mbonambi (Mbhonambhi), it. One of a

regiment tunned by Mpande next after
the um-Xapo.

u-Mbondwe (Mbhondwe),n. = i-mBondwe.

u-Mbo-ngenclhlu (Mbhongendhlu), it. A
stay-at-home, a man who never goes
away from his kraal.

i-Mbongolo (Mbhongolo), n. 3. See i-mBo-
ngolo.

Mbongoloza (Mbhongoloza), v. = mbo-
ngoza.

u-Mbongo!wana (Mbhongolwana), it. Per-
sonal noun coined for one who is an
i-mBongolwana q. v.

i-Mbongombongo, //. 3. See i-mBongombo-
ngo.

Mbongoza (Mbkongoza), v. Wail or cry in
a very loud, screaming, or howling
manner, as a child might do, or woman
altogether overcome with grief = mbo-
ncioloza. Comp. kala, lila.

u-Mbonjane (Mb /ton jane), n. Bush, used
for wattling. See u-Mbonjolo.

u (pi. o) or ubu-Mbonjolo (Mbhonjolo), n.
Slender mungoose = u-Cakide.

Phr. idcuma 'mbonjolo (ox 'mbory'ane), to
stand iu a very uncertain mauuer, be iu a
very uncertain mood, as an affair the out-
come (if which is not at all clear, or a per-
son whose steadfastness in any position or
state is a matter of doubt or uncertainty.

Mbonya (Mbhonya), it. = ukuti mbo.

Mbonyeka (Mbhonyeka), v. = ukuti mbo.

Mboza (Mbhoza),v. = ukuti mbo.

i(li)-Mboza (Mbhoza), n. One of Cetshwa-
yo's Own regiment, formed by Mpande
next after the is-Angqu — u-Tulwana.

Mbozeka (Mbhozeka), v. — ukuti mbo.

i-Mbozisa (Mbhozisa), n. See i-mBozisa.

i-Mbozisaor Mbozisamahlanga (Mbhozisa),
a. 3. Heavy rain which annually falls
about or soon after the time of harvest-
ing, ' which covers over the fallow fields ';
sometimes applied, by comparison, to
any similarly heavy rain.

i-Mbu, a. 3. See i-mBu.

um or umu-Mbu (Mbhu), n.5. Maize —old
word nearly absolete (= um-Mbila) ; cer-
tain tree (Commiphora earyaifolia), in
coast districts, with soft yellowish wood
(= umu-Nde).

i-Mbubu or Mbubumbubwana (Mbhubu),
n. 3. — see i-mBubti or i-,rnBubumbu-
bwana.

i-Mbucumbucu, n. 3. See i-mBucumbuca.
i-Mbudhlumbudhlu, n. 3. See i-mBudhlu-
mbudhlu.

i - M b u d u m bu d u , n. 3. See i-mBuduin budu.

i(li)-Mbuka (Mbhvka), n. Traitor to one's
chief, one who forsakes him and goes
over to another — the name was chiefly
applied to those Zulus of Cetshwayo
who left him and came to live on the
south side of the Umhlatuze, with John
Dunn and other whitemen. See ambuka.

Mbulala, adv. used adverbially as an affix
after certain verbs (as siza, help) to
express that the action, which should
have been good, has in reality resulted
in 'killing' or seriously troubling one.

Ex. bamsiza 'mbulala, they killed him (or
really harmed him) by their help, as they
might by overloading the stomach of a fam-
ishing man with food or drink.

i-Mbulu (Mbhulu), n. 3. Double-faced, de-
ceptive person, misleading by false ap-
pearances, pretences or protestations,
whether from lack of courage or pure
deceitfulness, as a visitor who eats little
so as to appear abstemious, a person
who treats his poor friend coldly when
met by him in high company, or who
pretends friendship in one's presence
whereas really an enemy ; also see
i-mBulu. See mbuluza. Comp. ubu-
Nyolo, ubu-Qashiya.

ubu-Mbulu (Mbhulu), n. Quality of decep-
tion, etc., of an i-Mbulu q. v.

Mbulula (Mbhulula),v. Take up from be-
neath the ground, unearth or dig up
anything buried, as grain (ace.) from
a mealie-pit, or (by comparison) the
mealie-pit (ace.) itself when 'unearthing'
it, or a corpse or large stone buried in
the ground. Comp. ambula [Her. hu-
pura, dig].

Ex. ngafunga, ngambulula okudala, I swore,
T dug up an ancient (corpse) — a form of
uku-bina q. v. when confirming the truth of
one's statement.

u-Mbululisa (Mbhululixa), n. Very skilful
inyanga who brings back his patients
when already 'buried' = u-Hodoba, u-
Hohodo.

Mbuluza (Mbhu/uza), v. Put on false ap-
pearances in order to deceive, pretend
to be as one is really not, as a double-
faced person who pretends to be very
friendly when before one though in
reality quite the contrary, or a person

MBU

383

ME

who from proud shame protests satiety
although really still hungry. Cp. nyolo-
za, qashiya. See i-Mbulu; fefenyeka;
qobonyeka.
i-Mbumba, u. 3. See v-mBwmba.
i-Mbumbe, n. 3. See i-mBumbe.
Mbumbulu (Mbhuiubhulu), adjectival and
adverbial particle. Treacherous i. e.
of evil intent concealed under plausible
appearances ; feigning genuineness, coun-
terfeit; evil-looking, suspicious-looking;
treacherously, by deceit — the word is
rarely used, and was no doubt originally
a noun.

Ex. wayembixe 'mbumbidu, he had called
him by some treacherous deceit (alluring
him thereby so that he might kill him |.

betwele amehlo a'mbimbulu, bafuna-ni?
with those suspicious-looking eyes, what do
they want? (their evil intent being apparent
in their looks, although they profess peace-
ful ness).

kwasekumenywa inqma rmbumbuht, then
there was called out a counterfeit hunting-
party (really for the purpose of attacking by
surprise, as 'occurred iu the conflict between
Cetshwayo and Mbulazi).
i-Mbumbulu (Mbli umbhulu), u. ■'!. see

i-mBumbulu.
Mbumbuluza (Mbhumbhuluza), v. — bu-

mbuluza.
Mbumbuzela (Mbhumbhuzela), v. Make the
bubbling sound of water pouring from
a small aperture.
i-Mbungumbungu, u. 3. See i-mBungu-

mbungu.
i-Mbuqumbuqu, n. 3. See i-mBuqumbuqu.
u-Mcondowazimelela, n. Name for a lanky

thin-legged person (C.N.)-
Mdaka (s. k.), adj. Of the colour of mud
or of an old penny piece, dark brown
(N.). See um-Daka.
Mdhla, adv. — mhla.
Mdokwe (s. k.), adj. — see um-Dokwe.
Mdubu, adj. Of a drab, or pinkish-grey
colour; also light dusty brown, lighter
than Nyawoti.
u(lu)-Me, n. Disease of goats, in which
they give a sudden cry and die (the
accent of this word is on the u, not me).
Mefu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) ukuti

memfu.
Mehle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Break with a
crashing sound, as one might a thick
dry branch (ace.) of a tree, or (by com-
parison ) the ribs, skull, etc., of a person
by a blow or fall = mehleza; get so
broken, or break, with a crash, :is the

timbers of a falling roof mehlezeka,
mehleka; ukuti merre.
Mehleka (s.k.),e. ukuti mehle.
Mehleza, /•. - ukuti mehle.
Mehlezeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti mehle.
u-Mehlwane, i>. Small bird, the White-eye

(Zosterops virens).
Meke, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. Split, split
apart or open, as a pumpkin (ace.) when
giving it a slash with a knife, or a man's
head by a blow with a stick (= mekeza);
get so 'split open or apart ( mekezeka ).
u-Meke (s. k.), n.. Goat given by the bride-
groom to the bride (to be eaten by the
um-timba) on the second day after the
wedding, as an introduction to the uku-
mekezisa which follows it. Comp. isi-
WukulUf irnDhlakudhla.
isi-Mekemeke (s.kXn. Any unusual occur-
rence or affair of an unpleasant nature,
as a sudden death in the kraal or the
discovery of pregnancy in one of the
girls; large 'split' open sore (comp.
u-Zozo ).
Mekeza (s. k.), e. Have the first sexual
connection with a man, as a newly-mar-
ried wife on the second day following
the wedding, after the u-tneke goat has
been killed (umfazi us'eholiwe) = ukuti
iu eke.
Mekezisa (s.k.), v. Have the first sexual
connection with a new wife (ace), as a
man on the second day following the
wedding; deflower a virgin (= boboza;
cp. hoboza) — see ukuti tueke.
isi-Mekezo (s.k.),n. Marriage song U
certain singing performed by the bridal
party at different times during its stay
in the kraal of a bridegroom at the
wedding-time.
Mela, v. Stand for, in any sense; hence,
wait for, a person (ace.); stand with, de-
fend, give support to a person; stand
over, overlook, as an overseer, over a
road-party {= pata); look after care
for, manage, as the food-supply of an
establishment (= pata); stand constant
or firm at, attend to, as to the work
(ace.) engaged upon ; stick in, make stand
iu, as a nail (ace) or assegai in any
particular part of a plank or beasl
(= simelela).

Ex. kcumdwa 'mntwana, she ie Dot stood
for bv any child, i.e. they all die.

ukumelwa isibindi, to be stood for by

courage i.e. to possess or have courage.

i Melana, v. Stand for one another, be one

against the other or in conflict with one

another, as two parties to a suit or fight.

ME 384

Melela, v. = mcla.

um-Meli or Meleli, ». 1. Advocate, defen-
der (M).

Mema, /•. Call by invitation, invite, as a
person (ace) to a feast; send out invi-
tations for, as for a hunt (ace.); call for
by decree or proclamation, as a chief
for mats (ace), thatching-grass, a work-
party, or any regiment for action (—
memeza >.

isi-Mema, //. United cry of a multitude,
as of a regiment shouting its war-cry,
a hunt the hunting-whoop, a class sing-
ing the tables, or a number of people
breaking forth together in an expression
of disapproval. Cp. is-Aga; is-Aho.

u(lu)-Mema, //. A cock's comb; long, nar-
row head; (X) mode of dressing the
hair with young men = u(lu)-Gedhla.

u-Membesa, ». 5. — see um-Embesa.

um-Meme, /?. 5. Mealie-cob when just
starting the rudimentary grains like
small skins (comp. i(li)-Gevuza); (C.N.)
pi. im-Meme, mode of dressing the hair
among young-men.

Memeza,/'. Shout out, call out; shout out
after, call out to, as a person (ace.) at a
distance; speak loudly, 'shoutingly ';
call for by authoritative word or pro-
clamation, as a chief for a supply of
mats (ace), thatching-grass, or a work-
party, by way of tribute; proclaim,
publish with authority, as a chief a new
law (ace.) or order (= memezela).

Memezela, v. Proclaim, publish abroad,

as a chief a new law (ace) or order =

memeza.
isi-Memezelo, n. Proclamation of any

kind, whether calling for tribute, or

publishing a law.

Memfu, ukuti (ukathi),v. Just come up or
•jut into view, as the sun just peeping
up above the horizon or from behind
a cloud, or a person peering out from
a hut-door.

urn-Memo, n. 5. Anything 'called for' ( see
mema) by a chief from his subjects, as
a supply of mats, thatching-grass or
men for doing any work.

ama or izi-Menemene, n. = ama-Mana-

i,i < i ,ki .

Menge, ukuti (ulcuthi), v. Give a person
(ace) a gash, or deep gaping cut with
any sharp instrument, or on the head
by a blow with a stick.

isi-Mengemenge, n. A gash; deep gaping
wound or sore; serious affair of an
unpleasant nature — in-Milimongo.

u-Mengu, n. Mango, tree or fruit [Eng.].

MFE

um-Menke (s.k.),n.o. Young, very tiny
ama-Dumbi, as used for seed (C.N.j.
Cp. i-nTsentsane, i-nJalo.

Menqe, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Snap in two, as
a person any brittle thing {= ukuti
poqo); slit, cut a slit in, as in the skin
(ace) when making incisions, or the lobe
of the ear, or in a piece of cloth where
the button-hole is to be, or along the
edges of anything (= ukuti peqe, ukuti
gabe) = menqeza; get so snapped, or
slit -= menqezeka.

Menqeza,!'. = ukuti menqe; poqoza; pe-

qesa, gabela.
Menqezeka, (s. k.), v. — ukuti menqe.
Merre, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti mehle.
Merreza, v. = mehleza.
Merrezeka (s. k.), v. = mehlezeka.

u or um-Mese, n.l. and 5. Knife. Comp.
isi-Nqindi [D. mes].

u-Mevetshete (Mevetshethe), n. — u-Vele-
tshete.

u-Mezala, n. — u-Mamezala.

u-Mezanyana, n. (C.N.) = um-Zanyana.

u-Mfagolweni, n. Half-a-crown [Eng. be-
ing the attempt of the Native to repro-
duce the Eng. word].

Mfamfata (Mfamfatha), v. Bite away at a
thing (ace) without severing it, as an
old toothless woman at a tough piece of
meat; (metaphor.) strive away vainly
at, as to unravel a mystery.

Mfamuza, v. = mfanguza.

i-Mfamumfamu, n. 3. = i-Mfangumfangu.

i-Mfangamfanga, n. 3. = i-Mfangumfangu.

Mfangaza, v. — mfanguza.

i-Mfangumfangu, n. 3. Anything of a spongy
softly porous nature, as a sponge, honey-
comb, bread, cork, or a woollen scarf;
silly chatterer, who talks lightly away
any senseless, truthless stuff — i-Mfa-
ngamfanga.

Mfanguza, v. Have to do with anything of
the nature of an i-Mfangumfangu, as
when squeezing it (ace), eating it, etc.;
draw or smoke the i(li)-Gudu when dry
i.e. without any water or 'body' in it,
only empty smoke; chatter away a lot
of senseless talk, without substance or
truth, only a lot of gas, old women's
tales, etc. = mfangaza.

Mfanyaza, v. = mfonyoza.

Mfe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be all, or quite
white (= ukuti hu); come out into view
simultaneously all over, as mealies sprout-
ing up all over a field, or pimples com-
ing out all over the body ( — ukuti dhh-
nu, ukuti dhlibu).

MFE

385

MGWA

Mfeba, v. = ukuti mfebe.

Mfebe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Dig into the
amasi (ace.) with a spoon i. e. take a
spoonful.

i(li)-Mfemfe (often used in plur. ama-Mfe-
mfe or izi-Mfemfe ), n. Fine white thing,
a lump of fat or fat meat ( — i(li)-Noni),
fine white well-clotted amasi (— is-
Angqondo), or assegais with the shafts
cleaned white and blades polished.

Ex. beku wf amain femfc nje, it was just
all white with fat — the slaughtered beast.
babepete amamfemfe emikonto, they were
carrying fine whitened assegais.

i(li)-Mfemfemfana, n. Little scandal-monger,
tale-bearer of a man (woman = i(li)-
Mfemfemfekazana) who goes about car-
rying reports of other people's sayings
and doings = i(li)-Mfengu. See mfe-
mfeza.

Mfemfeza, v. Bear tales, carry about un-
truthful reports about other people's
private sayings and doings, as a scan-
dal-monger or tale-bearer = mfenguza.

i-Mfengane, n. 3. Whistle (article, not
sound — i(li)-Kwelo) (T).

i(li)-Mfengu or Mfenguza, n. = i(li)-Mfe-
mfemfana.

Mfenguza, v. = mfemfeza.

Mfi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti mvi.

Mfimfita (Mfimfitha), v. Draw or suck the
juice or essence out of a thing (ace.) by
pressing it up within the mouth, as a
lump of chewed sugar-cane before ex-
pelling the refuse; hence, draw or suck
up or away the liquid from among the
solid food "in a plate, as a child, or as
a bird does the honey from a flower.
Cp. munca; mungunya.

Mfinini, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = mfininiza.

Mfininiza, v. Exude slightly, in a sweating
manner, as liquid through a tiny crack
= cinineka; cp. cica; mfoma.

i-Mfitimfiti, n. 3. — see i-mFitimfiti.

i(li)-Mfiyane, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Ntiyane.

isi-Mfoboza, n. Spoon with unusually large
mouthpiece — not liked to be seen in
use in time of dearth.

i-Mfokomfoko, n. 3. — see i-mFokomfoko.

Mfoma, v. Just begin to put forth or make
come forth tinily or smally, as a man
just beginning to exude moisture from
the body before really perspiring, the
trees in spring when just beginning to
show little buds (= fumfusa), malt or
seed of any kind when giving the first
indications of sprouting, or a person
emaciated by sickness when just be-

ginning to put on a little flesh (— ba-
in ba umzimba) = mfononeka.
um-Mfomamasi, n. 5. Certain forest tree.

Mfomfici, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Squeeze
thoroughly, as a lemon; wring
thoroughly, as a wet garment ; give it to
a person (ace.) thoroughly, when rating
or beating him = ficinga. See kama;
fica; ukuti fici.

Mfononeka (s.k.),v. = rnfoum.

isi-Mfonyo, n. Native muzzle, whether as
mouth-basket or mouth-band, for a calf
to prevent its sucking. See isi-Ceme.

i(li)-Mfonyomfonyo, n. Anything worked in
a rude, unskilful fashion, as a sleeping-
mat or hut made by one who knows
nothing of the work, or a bundle of
things tied up by an old woman; un-
skilful, rough worker producing such
things. See mfonyoza; i(li)-Fihlifihli.

Mfonyoza or Mfonyomfonyoza, v. Do any-
thing (ace.) in an unskilful, rude, untidy
manner, as when attempting to weave
a mat or build a hut without knowing
how, or when rolling up a bundle or
putting away clothes without any idea
of neatness; pull about, make untidy, as
clothes (ace.) in a wardrobe; pull about
(metaphor.) i.e. handle roughly, as men
ejecting another from a hall, or a per-
son when beating a boy. Comp. fihliza;
i(li)-Mfonyomfonyo; funyaza.

i-Mfotomfoto, n. 3. — see i-mFotomfoto.

i-Mfucumfucu, n. 3. — see i-mFucumfueu.

i-Mfukumfuku, n. 3. — see i-mFukumfuku.

i-Mfumamfuma (or often used in plur. izi-
Mfumamfuma), n.3. Any abundant collec-
tion of things (of the nature that could
be referred to in English as 'heaps'),
as a great number of books, great quan-
tity of firewood or corn collected for
threshing, a large collection of vessels
and pots in a hut, or a great quantity
of blankets or clothing (not used of
cattle).

u-Mfumfu, n. Month beginning about or
after the middle of September, and next
following after u-Mandulo, when nature
all round is sprouting forth anew (=
ukuti futnfu).

i-Mfumfu, n. 3. — see i-mFumfu.

Mfumfuta (Mfumfutha), v. = fumfuta.

i-Mfungumfungu, u. 3. A lot of good-for-
nothing, worthless things lying all about,
as valueless gourds, discarded mats, etc.

i-Mfutumfutu, 71. 3. — see i-mFutumfutu.
! u ('for umuJ-Mgwamanda, n. 5. — see urn-
Givamandn.

35

MHLA 386

Mhla or Mhlana, ado. On the day when,

Ml

at the time (i.e. days or period) when
— followed by pres. participle, or kwa
with nonn or infinitive of verb == mhla-
zqna, mzolo, mzukwana. See um-Hla.
Ex. sati mJUa sipuma ekaya, sabona inya-
t/\ on the dnv we left home, we saw a
buffalo.

ngakuluma na/ye mhla kicokufika kwodtce-
ttdtce, I spoke with him on the day the
bridal -party arrived.

baf'ti mhlana ku'mkuhlane ongaka-ya nya-
komunye, they died at the time when it was
such a fever i i. e. when there was so much
fever ) the year before last.
Mhlawumbe (Mhlawumbhe — occasionally,
though rarely in Zululand, mhlayimbe,),
adv. and conj. Perhaps, may-be; or, or
else; mhlawumbe — mhlawumbe, either
or = kumbc, sinde, katisimbe.

Ex. suka manje, mhlawumbe uhlale uku-
pela, get off now, or else stop altogether.

ngingafika mhlawumbe kusasa, mhlawumbe
ngomhlomunye, I may come either to-mor-
row or the next day.
Mhlazana, adv. = mhla.
Mhlope (Mhlophe), adj. White, as the col-
our; white (by comparison), faded, as
a withered plant, old isi-dwaba no long-
er blackened and greased, or a person
whose skin has lost its gloss and fresh-
ness by sickness; without blemish, free
of fault, as any article of purchase; un-
ruffled, at peace, happy, as one's heart
or mind ; destitute of, as a man of
stock; empty, wanting in food, as one's
mouth (Eng. stomach) when fasting or
without food [Gr. alphos, white ; Lat.
albus; Sw. eupe; Her. vapa; Bar. nape;
Log. pan].

Ex. umhlope ngqu, he is perfectly desti-
tute /'. e. hasn't a single head of any kind
of stock.

inyama emhlope, white i. e. fat meat, or
fat. See bomvu.

amabuto amhlope, the white regiments i.e.
those formed by the elder men, who always
carried white shields and whose headrings
gave a white shining appearance in the sun.
- e mnyama.

inilixiyo yami imhlope namhlanje, my
heart is clear, bright, happy to-day. See
mnyama.

ungexe waduka, kumhlope rye kona, you

cannot get astray, it is quite clear (or free

of any difficulty) there.

um (\<].\m)-Mh\ope (Mhlophe), n. 5. Whiteox.

ubu-Mhlope (Mhlophe), n. Whiteness, etc.

Bee mhlope.
Mhloshiwa, adj. Destitute, without pro-
perty or stock; white = mhlope.

Ex. humhloshiwa lea1 Mayela, it is a po-
verty-stricken place is Mayela's.

MT, pron. of 1st. pers. sing., being short-
ened form of mina q. v., and used in
the formation of possessive and prepo-
sitional pronouns; also used as short-
ened form of the interjection mina q.v.,
meaning ' here ! ', ' take this ! ', 'I say ! '
(the latter expressing applauding sur-
prise at the powers of an umngoma
while divining a case).

Mi'bi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Get scattered or
dispersed in all directions, as people
going off from a feast or meeting,
mealies from a fallen basket, or the
fragments of a broken calabash (— mi-
bika); make get so scattered or dispers-
ed (— mibiza) — ukuti ci.

Mibika (s.k.),v. = ukuti mibi.

Mibiza,^. = ukuti mibi.

Mikiti, ukuti (Mikithi, ukuthi), v. Be quite
full, as a pot or river; be filled out or
swollen up, as one's foot from a snake-
bite, one's cheek from toothache, the
stomach from flatulence, or with anger.

isi-Mikiti (Mikithi), n. Anything quite fill-
ed up within, as a full barrel, milk-cala-
bash, or river.

Mlhli, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti mahla,
ukuti mohlo.

Mihliza, v. = mahlaza, mohloza.

Mihlizeka (s. k.), v. = mahlazeka, mohlo-
zeka.

Mi la, v. Germinate, sprout, as the seed of
a plant, or malt ; hence, grow i. e. send
forth a radicle, take root, as the seed
(not grow or increase in size i.e. kula
q. v., putting on leaves and branches
i. e. hluma q. v., as the plant above the
soil ) ; grow ( from the root ), as hair
after being shaven (not cut), or the
feathers of a small bird; grow upon, as
fungi on a tree (ace), moss over a
stone, or boils on a person's body (this
form is nearly always used transposed
into the passive voice ) ; grow i. e. pro-
duce, bring forth, as a tree its leaves
(ace), a field weeds, a shaven head its
hair, or an infant its teeth when cutting
them [Skr. mi, go ; Ga. mela, grow ; Sw.
mea].

Ex. kawuyikumila kule'ndawo, it wont
grow, i. e. take root, in this place.

wonke umuti umilwe ubulembu, the whole
tree is grown (over) with moss.

umsmtsi uqala uqalaiza imbali, umila
amakasi kamuva, the kafir-boom tree first
puts forth its flowers, and grows its leaves
afterwards.

isi-Mila, n. Hard or blind tumour, form-

Ml 387

ing anywhere on the body. Cp. i(li)~
Tumba; isi-Fesane; i(li)-Fa.

isi-Milamongo, n. (C.N.) = i-nGugana-
boya.

Milela, v. Grow in, etc.

Ex. uku-M -milela, to grow of itself, with-
out being specially planted, or reared.

isi-Milimongo, n. Serious occurrence of an
unpleasant nature; bad, unhealing sore
= isi-Mengemenge.

i-Milo,w. 3. (C.N.) = i*mVelo.

isi-Milo, n. = i-mVelo; also used (N. fr.
Xo.) for good character, natural or
through bringing up.

Mina, emphatic pron. for 1st. pers. sing.
I, I myself; me, me myself; also mina
(pi. niinani,), int. Me! I say! Here!
Take this ! Look here ! — often abbre-
viated into mi, both as interjection as
well as in the construction of possessive
and prepositional pronouns [Ar. and, I ;
Sw. mimi, me; Chw. una; Her. ami;
MZT. ime; Sha. imi; Ngu. ram; Ze.
muye; Kamb. ninye; Kam. anie; Ko.

Ml

in the river,
i-Ncikinciki.

or anv

mipa; Ku. minyano; Gan. neeni; Go.
nene; San. mia; Cong, mono; Sum. one;
Nyamb. nil; Ma. nanu; Hinz. wami;
Kus. dim; Nywe. lim; Tat. anini].

Ex. ngasho mina, I said so, or, I said so
myself.

mina lapo! iifuna-ni uharnba entsimini
yami, hie there! (or, I say, you there!) what
do you want, going in my field ?
i-Minana, n. 3. Small noon, the time when
it is no longer full noon — mostly used,
as below in conjunction with matamba-
ma.

Ex. kute kits' eminanem yamatambama
nyafika, I arrived when it was the small
noon of the afternoon i. e. just before being
full afternoon or about a couple of hours
or more, according to season, after midday.
See i-Mini.

Minci, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be slippery or
slimy, as an eel, stone in the river, any
viscous liquid as thick dish-water or
water in a stagnant veldt-pool, or the
body of a man when exuding fatty per-
spiration ; slip slimily or from sliminess,
as an eel or stone from the grasp, or
one's foot when resting on a slimy river-
stone ( = mincika); cause so to slip
from sliminess ( = minciza) — ukuti
mincilizi, ukuti bincilizi.

Ex. us'ete minci ukujuluka, he is all slimily
wet with perspiration.

Mincika (s.k.),v. = ukuti minci.

Mincilizi, ukuti (ukuthi) = ukuti m hid.

i-MVnciminci, n. 3. Slippery, slimy thing,

as an eel, stone
viscous liquid =
Minciza, v. = ukuti minci.

i-Mini (loc. e-Mini ; sometimes with plur.
izi-Mini), n. 3. Day-time, day ( as distin-
guished from night); mid-day, noon
[Heb. Ar. gout, day; Skr. dina, day;
Lat. dies; Gr. hemera\.

Ex. imiiii ijoiilcc, all day long, all through
the day.

kuses'emini, it is, or being, still daytime,
while still day, still full day-light.

sekus'eniini, it is now full-day, noon =
aekwpakati k/vemini, it is now mid day.

kuses'emini yakusasa, it is still in the
daytime or the noon ot the morning i. e. it
is still in the forenoon.

kus'ernini yamatambama, it is the noon-
time of the afternoon i. e. the time just
following midday, say at half past one p. ///.

ngayo leyo imini, on that day.

isikova' siyasebenxa ebusuku, si/ale etnini,
the owl works in the night and sleeps in
the day.
u-Mmimini, n. Root used as emetic (C.N.).

Minineka or Mininika (s.k.), v. Flow on in
a continuous stream, stream constantly
along or from, as water from a spring
or in a river, or people or wagons
•travelling uninterruptedly along any
road ; stream gradually in, flow in slowly
and constantly, as children into a newly-
founded school.

Minya, v. Finish off wholly or to the last
drop, anything (ace.) to be drunk ; press,
confine, crowd, as one thing pressing
closely on another (ace.) where room is
deficient (the word in this meaning is
generally transposed into the passive
voice); make up one's mind i.e. purpose
in the heart, intend, as regarding some
future action ( gen. followed by ugokuti) ;
make up one's mind i.e. feel sure, feel
certain, as about something to happen
(gen. followed by ngokuti).

Ex. ungexe wakida kahle lapo, uminywe
indau-o, it (the plant) will never grow well
there, it is cribbed for room.

bengiminye ngokuti ngixokUa ka'Bani, I
had made up my mind to sleep at So-and-
so's.

nembala nminyc ngokuti angafi nybbi '
and do you really feel sure he will reach
there?

u- Minya, n. Very poisonous plant, put into
utshwala to kill a person.

isi-Minya, n. Truth (C.N.) = i(li)-Qiniso.

Minyana, v. Crowd, press, confine one
another i. c. bo crowded, close-packed,
confined for room, as kraals in a locality,

25*

Ml

mealies in a field, or sleepers in a hut;
be fully packed in, well filled out, as a
person's body when plumpily grown all
over; be stuffed, as the nose; be em-
barrassed, choked mentally, as by having
a multitude of charges thrust down
one's throat at once without being able
to reply (used in perf. in all cases).
Comp. klosana; cinema; klangana; nyi-
nyeka; bindana.

Ex. kuminyene umoya kuye, it is confined
or wanting in room, is the wind with him,
i. c. his breathing is difficult, as when want-
ing iu lung-power from consumption.

uminyene lo'mmbila, these mealies are
crowded.

Minyanisa, v. Make be so crowded, press-
ed, or confined, as above, L e. press
up, pack together, confine within a
narrow space. Cp. nyinya; bindanisa.

Plir. tcafunga, waminyanisela, lie swore,
drawing together his body, as though shrink-
ing from the thought of the thing.

Minyaniseka (s. k.), v. Get crowded, press-
ed together, or confined.

i(li)-Minyela, n. Certain bush, used for
wattles and sticks.

Minyelezela, v. = tshononosela.

Mfnyelezi, ukuti (ukuthi),v. — ukuti tsho-
nono.

MTnyi, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Drink clean off
at a draught = ukuti goje, ukuti hala-
hahla.

Minza, v. Gulp down, swallow whole, as
a pill or draught of medicine (ace); eat
gluttonously, whether greedily gulping
down, or over-eating or gorging; gulp
in the water when overcome in a river,
etc., i. e. get drowned [Sw. meza, swallow;
Ga. mira, swallow; Her. nina, swallow].

i(li)-Minza, n. Small tree {Hnlleria lucida),
with large non-edible berries, and wood
used for assegai-handles.

isi-Minzi, n. Glutton; gormandiser. See
mhxza.

Minzisa,?'. Teach to over-eat or be glut-
tonous, us a mother constantly stuffing
her child (ace.) with food; drown, as
one might a cat (ace).

um-Minzo, n. 5. Gullet. Comp. u-Qoqoqo.

Misa, v. Make or cause to stand, in any
way ; hence, set up, erect, as a post (ace.)
in the ground; place, station, as one's
kraal (ace.) in any spot; bring to a stand,
make stop, us an obstruction might a
wagon (ace.) on its way; ordain, establish,
or custom (ace); take up one's
md, remain fixed, as a man in the
position (with loc.) he has adopted in

388 Ml

regard to a certain matter e. g. the num-
ber of cattle he is asking for his
daughter's lobola; make stand firm,
strengthen against evil influences, etc.,

— used in reference to several customs
of Native doctoring (= misela; qunga;
pengula; gqilaha ).

Ex. uyise kuliwa umisele eshumini, they
say her father remains firm at the ten head —
he is demanding for his daughter.

yek'umfana ushikile, umisise intombi, oh
my! what large buttocks that boy has, he
stands (or looks) just like a girl.

yilelo'xive-ke elangimis'isibindi, it was
that word which put me in heart, gave me
encouragement.

Misela,?;. Doctor a woman (ace) i.e. the
sexual organs, when she fails to bear
children, that is, when she has irregu-
larities of parturition, when her offspring
habitually dies, or when she bears no
children at all.

Miselela, v. — misela.

u-Misha or Mishana, n. (C.N.) = uin-Sha-
na.

isi-Miso,/». That which causes to stand,
endure, etc.; hence, medicine used for
the purpose of uku-misela q. v. ; charm-
medicine for preserving one from evil;
cause of stoppage, obstruction ; outspan-
place (isi-Miso senqola).

Mita (Mitha; perf. miti), v. Be pregnant
i. e. already heavy with child (ace), as
a woman (used in all cases mostly in
perf.); be in calf, etc., as any animal;
be swollen or full, as a river after rain
(— gcwala, zala). Sec tata; kupuka;
kulela; isi-Su [Sw. zito, pregnant; zidi,
to swell].

Ex. kayikamiti, it (the cow) is not yet
in calf i. e. does not yet give visible signs
of so being.

Phr. uku-mita iqangane or ijogi, to be
pregnant with an iqangane, i. e. have a chron-
ic enlargement of the belly from fibroid
tumours or other organic disease of the womb

— regarded superstitiously by the Natives,
the actual causes not being understood by
them — the expression is most commonly
used as a threat or ukubina.

uku-mita amatshe = uku-mita iqangane
( possibly from the hard weight of a fibroid
tumour felt within the abdomen ).

uku-mita umoya, to be pregnant with wind

— used of a woman who has suffered from
a temporary ( not chronic = i-qangane ) dis-
tension of the belly (from some local disease ),
but which afterwards subsides.

Mitisa (Mithisa), v. Make pregnant, impreg-
nate; accompany a cow (ace), in sell-

Ml 389

ing it, with an extra sum equivalent to
the value of a calf (which it is now
without ).

umfana ka'Bani nmitisile intombi ka'Ba-
iii, So-Hud-so'a son h:is made pregnant the
daughter of So-and-so — a common way of
saying that he has consummated illicit inter-
course with her.

u or um-Miyane (pi. o or im-Miyane), n. 1
or 5. Mosquito (= u-Nongxi)\ certain
gnat, that commonly swarms about one,
setttling on the clothes, etc., when tra-
velling along the road ( mostly used in
up-country districts in this latter appli-
cation = i-mBuzane) [Hoi-, oru-mue,
mosquito, gnat].

u-Mka, pi. o-Mka (s. k.), n. Woman i. e. wife
— the use of this word is very irregular
in Zulu, being always combined, as one
word, with one or other of the poss. par-
ticles or some proper or common noun;
used also to denote the husband of any
woman, but only by members of her
clan [prob. of same derivation as kazi,
denoting, in most Bantu languages, the
female sex — Sw. m-ke, female; m-ke-
wangu, my wife; u-ke, vagina; Bo. ki-
ke, female; m-kaz'angu, my wife; Com.
m-she, female; Ngu. mu-ke, wife; Kamb.
niu-ka, wife; Kam. mwc-he; 7A. mwe-ha;
Bis. mu-kasi; Bu. m-kahano; Nyat. ra-
khema; Hinz. m-she].

Ex. umka'Manxiui, the wile of Manzini;
omka'Manxini, the wives of Manzini.

wnka'Nomona, Nomona's husband (used
of him only by members of her family or
clan).

umkami, umkako, umkake (confer. IV. umka
wami,ete.)) plur. omkami, etc., my wife, your
wife, his wife; my wives, etc.

uiitka'iikosi; omka'yihlo, the wife of the
chief; your father's wives.

Mlungu, adv. part. See um-Lungu.

Mmama or Mmamana, adj. Not so very
bad, or ugly, mostly used in reference
to beauty, as of a person, or piece of
pottery (prob. from an obsolete noun
wm-Mamana ).

Ex. qa! kalulubi kaJculu (ukamba), lu'mma-
mana nje, no! it (the beer-pot) is not out-
and-out ugly, or badly-made; it is so just
slightly; is just moderate.

Mnandi, adj. Pleasant, nice, to the senses
or the mind, in any way — to the taste,
as beer, cake, sour-milk or meat ( =
mtoti); to the ear, as music; to the
feelings, as some bodily sensations ; of
pleasing, agreeable manners or disposi-
tion, as an amiable kind-natured man; en-
joying health, as one's body when well.
See nandisa [Skr. madhu, honey, sweet-

MNY

ness; Xo. mandi, sweet; Ar. latif, plea-
sant; Kwafi, sabati, sweet; Go. tin mm,
sweet; Sw. fai/m, sweet; Her. tyata,
nice; Bul. ten, sweet].

Ex. angimnandi namklanje, 1 don't feel
well to-day.
indoda emnandi leyo, a nice man that.
Phi. kumnandi, kuhlatshwe ng'oka'Febe, it

is nic?, it is slaughtered by the assegai
(umknnto) of Febe — a certain individual
noted for his very prime beef which he was
always slaughtering.

ubu-Mnandi,M. Pleasantness of a thing to
the senses or mind; good health of body ;
amiability of manner or speech.

Mnene (Mneene),adj. = nene.

u-Mningi, n. = um-Ningi.

Mningi, or//'. Only in phrase below — Bee
Ningi.

Phr. akusixi umuntu abe mningi ekaya, abe

mningi esikoleni, it is not good for a person
to be partly at home and partly at school,
half here and half there, and wholly nowhere.

Mnyama (Mnyaama), adj. Black; of a
dark colour, as the shades of brown,
crimson, purple, green, etc. ( = ntsiir
ndu); dark (not light); deep (when the
bottom is invisible or far down ), as a
pool of water; without appetite, as the
stomach (intliziyo) when not caring for
food through illness; ruffled, angry, as
one's heart (see mhlope); confused of
sight, hazy, as the eyes before a fainting
fit; full, full up, fully made up, as any
round number or a full stomach [Ga.
dagavu, black ; Reg. ikunye, darkness].

Ex. ng'ezioa seku'mnyama amehlo, I felt

darkness come over the eyes — when about
to faint.

indhlela ihamba pexu kwewa elimuyama,
the path runs along the top of a deep pre-
cipice.

intliziyo ixe ibe mnyama, the appetite
comes to be deadened, lost of its keenness.

amabuto amnyama, the black regiment
i.e. those formed of young-men who always

the

and were without
See nth lope.
eli/nnyama, 1 want a

holes in it) — see fat-

bore black shields
shining headrings.

ngifuna ishumi
full ten ( with no
Muku.

angixe ngingamswela noluvinyama (usuku),
I never get to be able to want him, even
on a dark day or day of retreat = I Bee
him every day, there is not a day that 1
don't see him.

N.B. There were certain days which the
Natives, from some superstitions reason,
regarded as 'dark, gloomy' {mnyama) and
on which they usually stayed at home, re-
fraining from work, visiting, etc. The day

MNY

390

MO

following this, when they would be free
agaiu, would be called a white day (mh lo-
pe). The death of headman, a hailstorm,
the lightning striking a tree (signs that the
ixuluis angry), the 'death' or change of the
moon, were all occasions for this custom.
See i-Nyanga, i(li)-ZUo.

Phr. e'matumbu amnyama kayifh, kuf'e'ma-
tumbu amhlope, the one (dog) whose bow-
els are black, i. e. full up, doesn't die;
there dies the one whose bowels are white,
i. e. with nothing in them — applied to the
hunger of a person.

um-Mnyama (Mnyaama), n. 5. Pitchy dark-
ness, as of night; darkness of an eclipse,
for which the word could be used;
darkness of depression or sorrow in
the heart, as brought over a kraal by
the death of one of its chief inmates,
and which is supposed to be removed
by the uku-hlamba custom; quality in
a thing for causing ill-fortune, evil-in-
fluence (see isi-Sila, um-Swazi), as is
supposed to be possessed by an urn-
Tint (otter — for which animal the word
is sometimes used), thus applied to it
mostly by Native-doctors who use its
skin, etc., as a valuable means for ward-
ing off lightning, for procuring the fail-
ure of an umtakati's poisons, etc. —
in regard to this animal many extra-
vagant accounts are popularly given by
the Natives, who generally aver that,
though resembling the um-Tini, it has
horns and dwells in the river-pool
where the rainbow — for which thing,
also, this name is sometimes (N) used
— enters the earth.

Ex. sekugcmde ummnyama, it is now black
with darkness, as at night, or before a
terrific storm.

ubu-Mnyama (Mnyaama), n. Darkness;
blackness.

Mo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be icy cold, as water,
wind, or weather (with qanda, 'maka-
za).

isi-Mo, n. Form, shape, of anything. See
ma.

ubu-Mo, n. Firm stand at anything; hence,
constancy, persistency, perseverance, ob-
stinacy (used in conjunction with ma,
mela, melana).

Ex. bakumele ngobumo, they stand at it
firmly i. e. are persistently at it — some
conduct of theirs already reproved.

mnsebenxd sebeummele ngobumo, they are
now standing closely, attentively over their
work.

bamelene ngobumo, they are stubbornly
opposed to one another, or are at logger-
heads.

u-M5ba (Mooba),n. Sugar-cane — said
to have been first heard of through
Portuguese territory, from which direc-
tion perhaps the name came [Sw. mua,
sugar-cane; Ya. mirungu],

Mohlo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti mahla.

Mohloka (s.k.),v. = mahlazeka.

i-M6hlomohio, n. #. Any brittle, drily crush-
able thing, easily breaking up with a
crash, as an egg-shell, dry reed, calabash,
etc. = i-Morromorro.

Mohloza, v. = mahlaza.

u (for umu)-Moho, n. 5. = isi-Galagala.

Mokomela (s. k.), v. Take a thing (ace.)
violently i. e. without any right to it,
or in violation of prohibition, etc., as
one woman might take the pot of
another even after she had been refused
the loan of it.

Mokon\e\ana (s. k.), V. Engage at close quar-
ters, in a hand to hand fight, take hold
of one another by force.

Mokomo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Be or
stand densely close together, as mealies
in a field, men fighting at close quarters
hand-to-hand, or a multitude of noises
uniting in a loud confusion.

Ex. bctsebete mokomo ukuhamba/na, then
they grappled together in a hand-to-hand
contest.

isi-Moliya, n. Horse-sickness (N).

Mom bo (Moombho), n. 5. Broad long stretch
or strip of a thing, as a very broad
pathway or track over the veldt, or a
lengthy patch or strip of crops growing
in a field, or of empty space where no-
thing has grown, or of rain-clouds co-
vering one long portion of the sky.

i(li)-Mome, n. Certain kind of mealies of
a reddish colour and with large cobs.

i-Momfu (Moomfu), n. S. Ox of European
Dutch breed [N. from Xo., fr. D. mof,
foreigner].

Momota (Momotha), v. Pain in an acute,
splitting manner, as a tooth or headache
= nkenketa, qaqamba.

Momoteka (Mom.otheka), v. = mamateka.

i(li)-Momoyi, n. Person with cheeks, as
below.

isi-Momoyi, n. Big, round, full cheek that
seems to protude beyond the margin of
the face, as of some farmers; person
having such cheeks. Cp. isi-Muma.

Momozela, v. — mamateka.

u-Mona, n. f>. A grieving at the good-for-
tune of others, jealous displeasure;
hence, jealousy, envy = um-Hawu, nm-
Bombolo, um-Hobolo, is-Angabe. *

/

MO 391

Mdncu, ukuti (ulcuthi),v. = ukuti boncu,

ukuti ncoiuu.
Moncuka (s.k.),v. = boncuka, ncomuka.
Moncula, v. = boncula, ncomula.
u-Mondhlo, n. 5. Shin-bone, tibia (C.N.);
also um-Kantsha ; also see wm-

Owe^/o.
u-Mondi, v. -7. Certain forest climber, whose
aromatic bark and roots are used as a
stomachic for giving appetite and re-
lieving flatulence.
isi-Mongo, n. Protrusion of the middle
forehead = isi-Pongo. Cp. i(li)-Nquza.
u-Mongo (Moongo), n. 5. That part in the
very centre of a mass or body; hence,
pith, of wood ; marrow, of a bone (=
um-Kantsha); kernel or inside sub-
stance of any grain, legume, fruit-stone
or nut, after the outer shell has been
removed; flesh of fruit, after the skin
or peel has been removed; wick, of a
candle == um-Tumbu; cp. i-nKoka; ubu-
Tumbu, um-Nyombo [Sw. ubongo, mar-
row; Her. omu-ngo].
isi-Mongoto (Mongotho), n. Any serious,
surprising affair or event. See ama-
Gemegeme.
u-Mongozima, n. 6. = u-Monguto. See um-

Zimu.
u-Mongulo, u. 5. Blood running from the
nostrils, as is habitual with some per-
sons (when caused by a blow = izi-
nGazi) — such a spontaneous emission
of blood is supposed to be the work of
the ama-Dhlozi (note the ending of the
kindred word above) and caused by
them to improve the health of the par-
ticular individual by relieving him of
an injurious surplus of blood = um-
Engulo.

Phr. idanoVulmngihola umongulo, he wants
to draw me out, is 'pumping' me for infor-
mation. See hosha.
isi-Moniya, n. (N) = isi-Moliya.
u-Mono, u. 5. Basketrlike trap for catching

cane-rats and similar animals (N).
Monqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Snap, as any
brittle thing (= monqoka); make to
snap (— monqoza) = ukuti poqo.
Monqoka (s.k.),v. = ukuti monqo; poqo-

ka.
isi-Monqo, n. Volley or shower of sticks
let fly at the same time, as by one fight-
ing-party against another; may be used
also of stones, or bullets (not of as-
segais = i(li)-Tala); large headed, short
handled knobkerry, for throwing (see
i(li)-Wisa.

Ex. ngashaywa esimonqweni, I got struck

MO

in the shower (of missiles that were dis-
charged against us).
b'eu\a isimonqo besahlangana, they let fly

a shower of Indicts right at the offset, lit.

they still coming together.

Monqoza,?;. = ukuti monqo\ poqoza.
u(lu)-Monya, n. Species of python, smaller

than the i-nTlatu.
Monyozela, v. — mamateka.

Monyu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Come out smooth-
ly, slip out, as a stalk of grass from its
sheath (= ukuti boncti); slip away,
without being observed, softly, as a
person from among a company; come
out nicely i.e. without injury or flaw,
as a piece of pottery in the baking (=
va) = monyuka; make come or draw
out smoothly, make slip out; make slip
away, draw softly away; make come out
nicely, as above = mbnyula.

u-Mopelo (Mophelo), n. 5. Blood spilled
on the ground, person, etc., or (C.N.)
which has exuded internally (see i(/i)-
Tubuyela).

u-M6po (Moopho — no plurj, n. o. Shed-
ding of blood, or blood in quantity so
discharged, as from the person, or when
in considerable quantity on the ground
in any particular spot, or the continuous
bloody trail as left by a wounded beast ;
certain forest tree which when cut emits
a reddish sap; certain sea-animal (per-
haps a species of anemone ) which when
cut emits a reddish fluid like blood and
is much sought after by Native doctors
for purposes of takata.

Ex. ubulewe urnopo wemfene, she is afflict-
ed by the Wood of a bahoon i. e. has ex-
cessive menstrual flow, as may he due to
tumours of the uterus, though by Natives
supposed to be caused by the administra-
tion to the individual by an umtakati oJ a
portion of the menstrual discharge of a fe-
male baboon.

Morro, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti mohlo.

Morroka (s.k.),v. = mohloka.

i-M6rromorro, n. 3. = i-Mohlomohlo.

Morroza, v. = mohfoza.

Mosa.y. — cita (C.N. perhaps from Eng.
waste).

Moseka (s.k.),v, = citeku, as above.

u-Mosho (Moosho), n. 5. — um-Ngqaka.

i(li)-Mosikini (s. Jc), n. Moleskin cloth [Eng.].

Moto, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t), V. Drink in a
very small quantity, take a sip, as of
beer (ace.); have a puff at the hemp-
horn = ukuti hdhu, ukuti mpobo.

Ex. awungitise moto, 'mngane! just let
me have a whiff, friend! ('at your horn}.

MO

392

MPE

u-Movu (Moovu), n. 5. Bees-wax, such as
is used for sealing up the cells. Cp.
isi'Kupa.

u-Moya, n. 6. Wind; air; breath; rumour;
solidity, fullness of matter, substantial-
ness (idiom, as below); (M) spirit, soul
[Ski-, manyu, courage; Gr. anemos,
wind; Ar. mainyu, spirit; ycl, wind;
Sw. Bo. m-oyo, heart, core; MZT. mu-
oya; ku-yoya, to breath; Di. po, heart;
Bo. pome, blood; At. ay a, air; Her.
omu-inyo, breath]. Cp. ul-Oya, i-nTU-
ziyo; also i-Nyakato.

Ex. i/Moya oewebUeyo, the Holy Spirit —
the word ngewele is Xosa, not Zulu.

ipapu nelayisi kakuna'moya, kulula, lung-
meat and rice have no substance or solid-
ncss, they are light (as it were, empty).

u-Mozane, n.o. White ironwood or Bastard
Sneezewood (Toddalia lanceolata). Cp.

u(lu)-Bekenyakato.

Mozozela, v. = mamateka.

Mpaba, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. = ukuti
mbebe.

i-Mpabanga (s.p.), n. 3. Poor person, with-
out anything of his own, as cattle, wife,
kraal, etc., generally living as dependent
in a strange kraal = urn-Pang qolo, urn-
Hlalaqa.

Mpabaza (s.p.), v. Slap a person (ace.)
with the back of the hand, on the face
(= mbebeza); behave or talk in a rude,
impudent, 'cheeky' manner, as a new-
comer assuming undue familiarity, or
a boy giving disrespectful answers to a
master (see i-Mpabazane, i-Mpompo;
cp. ngatangata).

i-Mpabazane (s.p.),n.3. Person who is
'cheeky', rude, bold, respectless in his
talk or behaviour = i-Mpompo, u-Ma-
qapeqolo, i(li)-Tata. See mpabaza.

i-Mpahla, n. 3. — see i-mPahla.

i-Mpaka, n. 3. — see i-mPaka.

Mpaku, ukuti (ukuthi; a. p.; s. k.), v. —
mpakula.

Mpakula (s.p.; 8.k.), v. Slap a person (ace.)
with the flat of the fingers (not whole
palm — see mukula) on the body or
face. Cp. mbebeza; mpantsha.

i-Mpama (s.p.), v. 3. Slap with the palm
of the hand = i-Mpamu. Cp. u-Kwe-
she\ mukula; mpakula; mbebeza.

u-Mpama-zis'ebusweni (s.p.), v. Hen-pecked
husband. (C.N.).

Mpampa (s.p.), v. Flutter with nervous-
ness, be flurried, timid ; flutter with
excitement or overpowering desire, as
to see something exciting.

ama-Mpampampa (s.p.; no sing.^, n. An
acting as below.

Mpampaza (s.p.), v. Act in a nervously
agitated, mentally lost manner, not know-
ing what to do or what one is doing.
Cp. tatazela.

u-Mpampini (s.p.), n. Pumpkin (used pro-
perly only of the European species). Cp.
i(li)-Puzi [Eng.].

Mpamu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. = ukuti
pamu.

i-Mpamu (s.p.),n.3. = i-Mpama.

Mpamuza (s.p.), v. ~ - pamuza.

Mpantsha (s.p; s.t.),v. Lay the palm of
the hand slappingly on another (ace),
as one familiar friend might do to an-
other in laughing conversation. Cp. mpa-
kula; mukula.

isi-Mpantsholo (s.p.; s.t.),n. (C.N.). — isi-
Patsholo.

u-Mpandu (s.p.),n. Original name of the
month u-Mandulo.

Mpanya (s.p.), v. — mponya.

isi-Mpanza (s.p.), n. = is-Ampanza.

Mpayi mpayi, ukuti (s.p.; s.k.),i>. = mpa-
yiza.

Mpayiza (s.p.), v. Wander about vainly
seeking for something (ace. with el a.
form ).

Mpe, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p. — vowel pro-
longed^, v. 'Fly along', i.e. run with
great swiftness or velocity, as a horse
or bicycle; drink on in one long con-
tinuous draught, without stopping —
mpenga, mpeza; cp. ukuti mpi.

u(lu)-Mpe (s.p.), n. Sweet juice of the i(li)-
Sundu and i(li)-Lala palms, which, after
an addition of wood-ashes, is allowed to
ferment, and so drunk; hence, applied
to 'sugar-water' = uku-Sula [Her. e-
jria, tree-gum].

i-Mpempe (s.p.),n.3. Tail-spine or quill
of a porcupine by which it produces a
rattling sound (cp. i-Nungu); quill or
barrel i. e. the bottom end empty of
pith, of any feather; (N) private dance
or festivity held in the bridegroom's
kraal on the day following the wedding
(see isi-Kumba — Appendix ). Cp. um-
Qumii; um-Qoliso [Sw. pembe, horn].

Ex. ishinga eliiiempempe, an incorrigible
rascal, great rogue. See um-Fei-c.

Mpo mpeza (s.p.), v. Make the sound mpe
mpe mpe, as a trumpet or Native /-
Cilongo; blow such a trumpet (with
nga), as a person.

Mpenga (s.p.), v. = ukuti mpe; (C.N.) miss
the mark.

MPE 393

u-Mpeta (Mpetha), n. Sharp, cunning per-
son ; artful dodger.

i-Mpetempete.w. 3. see i-mPetempete.

u-Mpetwane (Mpethwane), n. I. Last or

lowest rib on either side (of man) —

u(iu)-Bambo luka ' mp ettvane.

Mpeza (s.p.), v. — ukuti mpe.

Ex. ihashi lampcut unye, the horse flew
along off with him.

Mpi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.— with prolongation
of voweO, v. Spin along, skim along i. e.
go rapidly forward in a steady manner
as though perfectly still, like a railway-
engine or man on a bicycle, or man
running when the legs are' not visible =
ukuti mpinini. Cp. ukuti mpe.

i-Mpi, ?t. #. See i-mJH.

ubu-Mpi (s.p.), n. Hostility, enmity, ini-
mical action.

i(li), or mostly plur. ama-Mpibiza (s.p.), n.

Hugely fat person or animal, 'fallinj.
to pieces'; excessively large serving of
any porridge-like semi-liquid food, over-
flowing the plate or dish.

isi-Mpikiza (s.p.; s.k.), n. 'Stump' of a thing,
as a short thick-set tail, short-cut stick,
or short stumpy person (but generally
of a less massive kind than an isi-Mpu-
ktiza).

i-Mpimpiliza (s.p.), n.3. One of the small
round spots, really scars, often seen on
the arm of a girl, and which she makes,
for ornamental purposes, by placing a
pinch of kraal-manure on the arm and
upon it a tiny live cinder, which burns
through the manure and scorches the
skin below, causing it to peel off and
leave a 'pretty little' round scar.

i-Mpimpilizane (s.p.), n.3. Native spinning-
top, formed perhaps by thrusting a small
stick through a medlar-fruit = i-Mpi-
ninizane. See biba; ukuti mpinini.

i(li)-Mpingi (s.p.),n. Tiny stump of a
mealie-cob, about as big as one's thumb.

Mpingiza (s.p.), v. Gather such cobs as
above, which being left in a harvested
field, are afterwards collected by the
children for themselves.

u-Mpingizane (s.p.), n. 5. Large red flower
with a short leafless stalk appearing on
the veldt after a grass-fire.

Mpinini, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. = ukuti
mpi.

Mpininiza (s.p.), v. = ukuti mpinini.

i-Mpininizane (s.p.), n. 3. = i-Mpimpi/ /'ru-
ne.
Mpiza (s.p.),v. = ukuti mpi.
Mp6, ukuti (s.p.; ukuthi), v. Heap or pile

up

MPO
be heaped up, as

grain
in any containing vessel

goods

or

Ut/>OZU.

Mpobo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. Take a
drink; drink a single mouthful, as from
a vessel of beer — mpoboza, ukuti moto.

Mpoboza (s.p.), v. = ukuti mpobo.

i-Mpofana (8.p.),n.3. Small imbiza used
for the purpose of containing the or-
dinary private and continuous supply
of beer in a family, not that usod for
the public beer-drink; poor person.

P. i:/ri lempofana livunywa 'muva, the
word of the poor-man is agreed to afterward*,
i.e. only after place has been given to the
wishes or opinions of the rich or great ones.
ixwi lempofana aiixivakali, the word of a
poor man is not hoard, makes no impression.

Mpofu (s.p.), adj. Brown, in any of its
lighter shades, brownish or dirty yellow
(as a varnished ceiling-board); tawny
(as a lion); light muddy brown (as some
buck ) ; pink ( as some beads — isi-Potu ) ;
poor, without property [Sw. ki-put'u,
blindman; Reg. mbofu, blindman; Her.
potu, blind].

Phr. into yomuntu ompofu ayilungi, a
poor man's thing doesn't do well, i.e. doesn't
show progress rapidly like that of the rich
man who has large capital and every means.

u-Mpofu (s.p.),n. = u-Maquba.

i-Mpofu (s.p.), n.3. Eland [Sw. mpofu,
eland; MZT. mu-zohu].

N.B. This antelope was not eaten by
females, its fat or suet being supposed to
be used by abatakati to cause sinking of
the fontanel with hydrocephalus in their
children. See isi-Dumuka.

ubu- Mpofu (s.p.), n. Brownness, etc., of
colour ; poverty = ubu-Pofu. See mpofu.

Mpokola (s.p.; s.k.), v. Strike, deal a blow
with a hollow- resounding sound, as on
the belly of a cow (ace), or a person on
the ribs = nkampula.

Mpolomba (Mpolombha), v. Chew tobac-
co (ace), take snuff by the mouth (X).

Mpompa (s. k.). v. Talk away incessantly
(oftentimes alone) in a raving, incoher-
ent or senseless manner, as a lunatic
or one in delirium (-- heha, konkota);
talk away incessantly, 'jaw' away, as
one finding fault, scolding, or com-
plaining audibly to oneself; talk in one's
sleep.

i-Mpompo (s.p.), n.3. See i-tnPompo.

Mpompoloza (s.p.), v. Shout loudly; sing
or talk very loudly, 'shoutingly '.

isi-Mpompolozana (s.p./, n. Little short
stumpy thing, as of a tail, finger, mealie-
cob, etc. Cp. i(/i)-Mpingi; isi-Pikiza.

MPO

Mpompoza (s.p'.),v. Stream along, as
water along a diteh, or as cattle going
off in a train to a field or river; stream
out, as water from a fallen bottle or hole
in rocks, or blood from a wound ; keep
up a constant stream of talk, talk away
without cessation. ('<>in]>. goboza; popo-
za.

u-Mpondo or Mpondwe (s. p.), n. Pound
( money ) [Eng.].

i(li)-Mpundo (Mpoondo), n. One of the Po-
ndo tribe; kind of pumpkin introduced
from Pondoland.

u-Mpondompondo (s. p.), n. Certain dung-
beetle with many little 'boms', which
flies about in the evening.

u-Mpondonde (s.p.),n. Name sometimes
given to the Afrikander breed of cattle.

u-Mpondongozi (s.p.), n. Species of beetle,
found among cow-dung = u-Siswanawa-
ngovolo.

i-Mpongoza, /;. .'?. See i-mPongoza.

u-Mpongoza, n. 5. -- see um-Pongoza.

Mponya (s.p.), r. Bear, produce largely or
abundantly, as a field crops (ace.) or a
pig fat when boiled ; gain, obtain largely
or abundantly (even though after hav-
ing worked much and hard for it), as a
person crops (ace), cattle or money =
ncanya : cp. titiliza.

i-Mpoqompoqo, n. ■','. See i-mPoqompoqo.

i-Mpotempote, n. 3. See i-mPotempote.

i-Mpotompoto, n. 3. See i-mPotompoto.

Mpoza (s.p.), v. = ukuti mpo.

Mpozoza (s. p.), v. Act in a crafty, cun-
ning way, as a sharper = bozoma. Cp.
a- Ma rap ozo m a n a.

Mpu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. Take the first
snap of food after fasting, 'open the
mouth' by taking something.

Ex. angibonange ngiuruti mpu undomo, I
haven't opened my mouth by a morsel of
food.

1(1 i)- Mpu (s.p. first vowel long>, n.
Smooth-surfaced strip of meat on the
upper hind-legs, about the thighs, of
cattle (= i(li)-Santi); also sometimes —
i-mPu.

i-Mpu, //. 3. See i-mPu.

u ( I u ) - M p u (s. p. — first vowed long>, n.
Person or animal without an ear or ears;
or without breasts i.e. with mere nip-
ples, as some women (cp. u(lu)Bele-

il'l hhii'ii ).

u-Mpukane (s.p.;s.k.),n. Card of the 'clubs'
suit in playing-cards. See i(li)-Geja.

isi-Mpukuza (s.p.; s. k.), n. Thick, stout
Stump of any kind, as of a tree, short

394 MTO

thick stick, or broad stump of a tail (gen.
more massive than an isi-Mpikiza ).

Phr. /if/aba isitnjmkuxa, mjengomidi onqu-
nyiwe, I am [lit. I was) a stump of a thing,

like a lopped tree — used by a bachelor, wi-
dower, barren woman, one without children
or stock.
Mpula mpula, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. =
mpulaza.

Mpulaza (s.p.), v. Search lightly about,
cast the eyes or hands carelessly around
about, as when looking or feeling about
one for one's snuff box, reel of cotton,
etc.

Mpulu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. = ukuti pulu.

Mpuluka (s. p.; 8. k.), v. — puluka.

Mpuluza (s. p.), v. = puluza.

i-Mpumpute, n. 3. -- see i-mPumpute.

Mpumpuza or Mpumpuzela (s.p.), v. Look
about in a blind manner, without seeing
a thing plainly before one, as when
searching for something.

o-Mpumulo-iqandayo (s.p. — o being relat.
pron.>, n. He whose nose is cold *'. e.
a wandering person, living on others =
i(li)-Hambelibadhlela.

i-Mpunga, n. 3. — see i-mPunga.

i-Mpungushe, n. 3. — see i-mPungushe.

i-Mpunzi, n. 3. — see i-mPunzi.

i-Mpuqumpuqu, n. 3. — see i-mPuqumpuqu.

u-Mpuqwana (s.p.), n. Species of sweet-
potato having small purplish leaves. See
u(lu)-Tshuza.

i-Mpushumpushu, n. 3. - see i-mPushu-
mpushu.

i-Mputumputu, n. 3. — see i-mPutumputu.

Mpuya, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. (C.N.) =
ukuti mpu.

Mqoto (Mqotho), adj. = qoto.

u-Msatanyoko, or Msatanina (Msathanyo-
ko), n. Word of obscene abuse — accord-
ing as used by a man or woman to or
of another, and signifying 'one who has
sexual intercourse with his mother.'
See sata.

u-Msheshengwana, n. (C.N.) —see um-She-
shengwana.

Mtokwe (Mthokwc), adj. from the noun
um-Tokwe, q. v.

u-Mtonga (Mthonga), n. Person who invites
or calls out a hunting-party.

Mtoti (s. t.), adj. Very nice or agreeable
to the palate, as anything sweet = mna-
ndi.

ubu-Mtoti (s.t.), n. Agreeableness or sweet-
ness, as above — ubu-Totl.

MTO

Mtoto (8.t.),adj. from the noun um-Toto,
q. v.

Mtshamu (s. t,), adv. from the noun um-
Tshamu q. v.

Mu, ukuti (ukuthi with prolongation of
vowel >, y. Be all running, dripping, as
a person shedding abundant tears (with
kala), or a hut- wall all running with
rain that has entered the roof (= ukuti
mi or tri); also = ukuti It a.

Ex. uyakala kute mu inyembexi, he is
crying, the tears dripping heavily.

Mu, ukuti (ukuthi), t\ Close up or close
in firmly, tightly, as a heavy mist might
a traveller (ace.), or an army effectually
surrounding an enemy, or a man firmly
blocking up a hole or exit; be deafening,
all-else-excluding, as a great noise; be
perfectly silent, hold the tongue fast, as
a man not wishing to speak ; be closely
cribbed up, densely packed, as mealies
in a field or people in a hut = ukuti
ngci.

Mubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti muhlu.

Mubuza, v. = muhluza.

Mubuzeka (s.k.),v. = muhluzeka.

u-Mufi fipl. o-Mufi),n. — umu-Fi.

Muhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Strike a person
or thing (ace.) with a clashing, colliding,
thumping blow, as an open door or a
projecting shelf might a person who
walks up against it in the dark, or a
stooping person who suddenly rises and
strikes another in the face ; deal a person
a thumping blow on the head with a
kerry; give one a banging slap in the
face 'with the open palm (cp. mukula)
= muhluza; get so struck with a thump-
ing blow or bang = muhluzeka = ukuti
mubu,

Ex. wamuti muhlu ngembokode ebusweni,
she gave him a bang in the face with the
grin ding-stone.

isondo labaleka net ye, watana muhlu noelo-
nga lieesitini, the bicycle ran away with him,
and he collided with, or came hang up against,
a brick wall.

Muhlumuhluza, v. Bang a person (ace.)
right and left, box away at him with
open or closed hand; pitch into him,
banging away with one's knobkerry, etc.

Muhluza, v. = ukuti muhlu,

isi-Muhluza, n. Big, round, 'thumping'
head, or similar ball-like mass = i-nGqu-
kumba.

Muka (s.k.),v. Go away, depart (general-
ly for good, or with no intention of
immediate return — see hamba); go
away or go off with, wash away, carry

395 MU

off, as a full river might ink'- off a per-
son (with net ) attempting t<» cross, or
wash away anything (with na ) stand-
ing in its course, or a thief decamping
with property; go along with, follow
closely iii flight, i. <'. drive along, as one
army might another (with uu ) when
routing it; go off along, follow, keep to,
as a traveller might follow a road (with
nga) or river not shifting his course
from it; go off with (in the mouth) i.e.
be taken away by talk of any kind, as
when pouring out abuse (with na » or
praise of a person (with na) [Her. ku-
muka, depart].

Ex. ngexwa intlixiyo imuka, I felt my
senses going — just previous to a fainting-
fit.

intlixiyo yoke imukile, hie mind has gone

away, is elsewhere, he is absent iu though'..

sheshani, nanti ilanga liyamuka, hasten
along, there is the sun going oh" i. e. setting.

uyakudimde wnuke ngawo umgwaqo njalo,
you will just follow the road the whole way.

wayihlaba (inyamazane), ifemuka nawo
(umkonto), he struck it (the buck), and it
departed with it (the assegai), i.e. he Btruck
it, but didn't kill it; it ran away with tin-
wound.

Phr. wamukct ligendhle for ngas'endftle),
njengamethele, he went off on the veldt (not
by the proper path*, like amabele i which
gets knocked off by birds and wind and no-
body knows where it has gone) — said of a
person who leaves a kraal secretly, or with-
out saying good-bye.

ilangei liyamuka. the sun is declining.

inyanga is'iyamuka, the moon is in the
wane i.e. in its last halt.

Mukela (s.k.),v. Go off i.e. to live else-
where, move, remove one's residence,
as a bird sometimes does with its eggs
or its young when forsaking an old for
a new* nest, or a man who leaves one
kraal where he had been living for
another.

Ex. uMyulu us'emukele, Myutu is delay-
ing a long time (at the store t<> which he
has been sent), lit. he has gone to live there.

us'emukele k'oNdabamlri, he has now re-
moved to Ndabambi's.

uku-mukelwa /train, to have one's breath
taken away, /. r. to be overcome with con-
sternation.
um-Mukela (s.k.),n.o. A going away —
only in the phrase wet muka ummukela
wafuti, he went away with a perpetual
goine i. c. for ever and good.
Mukeleka (s.k.),'v. Get carried on ahead
(gen. in metaphor, and bad senses);
hence, get into the way of doing some*

MU

thing, habituated to it, grow gradually
worse, get deeper into, as a person giv-
ing way to some new vice (with uku
or noku); get gradually extended or
enlarged, as a rent in a wall or hole in
one's coat = hehemuka, dhlemuluka.

Ex. yeka loko, unyaxe umukeleke, stop that
(had habit), lest it grow on you.

ha! soummukelekile! ohl so you have al-
ready got worse, deeper into the vice, gone
from had to worse.

isikok leso sesimukelekih nokutnuka, that
school has become habituated to the leaving
of its children i. i. e. it is the daily thing
there now.

Mukisa (s. k.J, c. Send away, dismiss (when
the intention is not to return); send off,
as a friendly visitor (ace.) on his de-
parture.

Ex. basamukisa umhlobo waJbo uya peshe-
ya, they are giving a send-off to their friend
who is going to Europe.

ungimvkise uvalo, he has taken my breath
away with tear, has filled me with conster-
nation.

ama-Muko (s. k.), n. used with muka in
the same manner and sense as arna-
Hambo q. v.

Muku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = mukula.

isi-Muku (s.k.),n. Thing with the mouth
or opening stoppered up; hence, person
without a mouth i.e. without a voice;
an affair into which one cannot get so
as to make head or tail out of it; a
firmly, thickly encircling thing out of
which one cannot see or find an exit,
as a pitchy darkness; also applied to a
pair of big fat cheeks which seem to
close up the mouth; person with such
= isi-Muma ; cp. isirMomoyi.

Ex. ixigubu visey' isimuku, kaxikabotsho-
.an. the calabashes are still stopped up,
they being not yet bored.

utnuntu oyisimuktc, a person stopped up
i 8. who remains dumb, without a word
whether purposely, or from dumbness). Cp.
iai- Wukulu.

waleta isimuku seskumi, or inkomo xake
bexi yisimuku, he brought a close ten, or
his ciittie (for lobola) were only the exact
number, i. e. a close-cut with nothing thrown
in as an extra -- see mnyama.

nihlalela-ni isimuku (ox esimuktcini)? why
do yon sit in t li« ■ dark?

bambamba isimuku, they seized him with
a mouth-stopper, i.e. stifled him in some
waj

bambidala isimuku, they killed him sec-
retly, in a hushed-up maimer — nee isi-
1 1 n,, 'j, i.

396 MU

Mukula (s.k.),v. Smack or siap a person
(aec.) with the open palm in the face;
take up with the hand, as a vessel (ace.)
from the ground or a book from the
table - ukuti muku; cp. mpakula; ntbe-
beza; i-Mpama.

isi-Mukumuku (s.k.),n. Big lump of a
thing, as a swollen cheek or knee; big
lump of a head i. e. very large, of any
shape (cp. isi-Muhluza).

Mululeka (s.k.),v. Be running down in
an abundant 'bathing' fashion, as tears
when flowing copiously, or sweat; be
running or bathed in sweat, tears, etc.,
as a person = ukuti m.u; cp. kicileka.

isi-Muma, n. — isi-Muku; (C.N.) pod of a
certain plant izi-Muma, the whole
plant itself when in bearing.

Mumata (Mumatha), v. Hold the mouth
closed fast, as when another is attempt-
ing to thrust something in (used in
perf.) ; hold a thing (ace.) in the closed
mouth, as a marble or water; 'hold in
the mouth' the flower-tuft, as a mealie-
plant, or the young ear, as an amabele
plant, i. e. when the flower or ear is
just swelling out the sheath-leaf at the
top previous to appearing externally.
Cp. mungunya; um-Qumbi.

Mumuta (Mumutha), v. Munch away, eat
in large mouthfuls, as boiled mealies
(ace.) = fumuta; cp. bakuza.

Munca, v. Suck i. e. draw out liquid from,
as the juice (ace.) from an orange or
milk from the breast; suck at a thing
(ace.) even when nothing is drawn,
although the action aims at drawing
out something, as when merely sucking
the orange (aec.) or the mother's breast
= munya.

u or um-Munca, n. 1. or 5. Certain wast-
ing disease of cattle in the bush-coun-
try, akin to the Tsetse disease - - see
u(iu)-Nakane.

Muncu, adj. used almost only in Natal
= munyu.

Muncula, v. (C.N.) = moneula.

Muncuza, v. Drink or draw in with lips
closed, as anything (ace.) nasty or in
order to keep back sediment.

Ex. babtihi utshwala, bapika ngokumuncuxa
nje, the beer was nasty, they just forced it
down by a mere sucking in between the lips.

Munga munga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Speak in
an undertone, or small muffled voice,
mutter, as so that nobody shall hear
distinctly what is said = mungazela.

Mungaza or Mungazela,?'. = ukuti munga
munga.

MU

isi-Mungele, ». Full, broad-faced person;

the face itself. Cp. u(lu)-Oelekeqe.
isi-Mungulu, n. Person who has the mouth
•closed i.e. born dumb; applied also to
/ one 'dumb' or speechless voluntarily
= isi-lVuku/u; isi-Muku; cp. isi-Tuli.

isi-Mungumungwane,//. Measles. Gp.i-nQu-
but 'unjwana.

Mungunya, ?>. Work about in the closed j
mouth, as a soft mouthful (ace.) or when |
sucking a sweet (ace), or a toothless I
old-woman eating [Her. manga, eat
with closed mouth].

Munya, v. = munca; steal (provincialism
in Zululand — eba) [Her. nyama, suck;
Sw. nyonya, suck ; nyanganya, steal ;
Kamb. nya, steal].

isi-Munya, n. Thief (provinc in Zululand
= i(li)-Sela). See munya.

i-Munyamunyane, n. S. Red Dagga (Leo-
notis leonurus) (= u-Tshwalabenyoni,
i-Munyane) ; small snack of food taken
for a meal in time of dearth.

N.B. This, along with the allied plant
um-Curili, is said to be a valuable remedy
for tapeworm, as well as for snake-bite, the
Zulu doctors using it even as an i-nTelexi
or medicinal-charm against snakes.

i-Munyane, v. .7. Any mashed food alto-
gether devoid of taste, so as to seem
merely a thickening of water. Cp. duma;
also = i-Mimyamunyane.

isi-Munyane, n. Veldt-plant, with sour
edible leaves.

Munyisa, v. Make a thing (ace.) sour or
acid.

Munyu, adj. Acid, as vinegar or beer that
has turned; acidulated, as orange-juice;
sour, as milk that has turned; salty,
sharp with saltness [Ga. munya, salt;
Bo. munyo, salt; Ze. sungu, sour; Sw.
chungu, sour; Her. ruru, sour; om-
ongua, salt].

isi-Munyu, n. Unpopularity, state of being
/disliked (used with na). Cp. isi-Nyo-
mbolo.

Musa, defect, verb used now only in im-
perative and subjunctive moods, as be-
low, and with the sense of 'refrain
from', 'not do', 'desist from', 'must
not' — the original of this word, along
with that of awus q. v. to which it is
akin, had probably a meaning like that
of the Zulu word yeka (with which verb
musa is fairly interchangeable and pro-
bably identical in thought) viz. of posi-
tive-negative command, if one can so
say. The word musa is, therefore, used,
like yeka, to forbid, or cause desistance

397 MZU

from any action, and is generally fol-
lowed by the infinitive mood [Sw. l.-u-
isha, to leave off Zulu, yeka; Ga.
deka! stop! leave oft'!].

Ex. airn! miisa In,! or, more exiiortinglr,
■ii/an'umuse i. e. mane uiniise (plur. mant
nimuse), oh! don't!; don't say bo, pl«:>»Be!;
get away with yel [hibemice).

assiinnsc singayi kona (or abamuse ba-
ngayi kona), may we refrain from jroing
there, let us not go there (or may they re-
frain, etc.).

bat/', angirnuse ukupata lolco, they -aid.
I should not make nay reference to that.

Muva or Muveni, adv. and prep. See umu-
Va.

u-Muva, v. Xante given to the last born
of twins, if a boy. Cp. u-Nqangi;
u-Mvase.

u-Muyimili, n. Any young female, such as
a young man might seek sexual grati-
fication from, a 'girl', a 'woman' —now
seldom used.

i(li)-Muzu, n. — i(li)-Puzu.

u-Mvase, n. = u-Muva (when of females i.

u-Mvelinqangi, //. He who appeared first;
first man; creator — u-Nkulunkulu.

MvV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do anything in a
thorough, firm, energetic, non-joking
manner, as when ladling beer ( taking
out large quantities at a time), or bind-
ing a bundle very tightly, or driving
a stake forcibly so as to penetrate deep
and firmly, or when dealing one a 'pro-
per' blow with a stick exerting all one's
power = mvimvita, ukuti nqi.

Mvimvita (Mvimvitha), v. — ukuti mvi.

Mwamwateka (Mwamwatheka), v. (C.N.)

— mamateka.
Mwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) ukuti ire.

i(li)-Mweshe, ;/. (C.N.) = i(U)- Washuwa-
shu.

u-Mzanyana ('plur. o-Mzanyanaj sometimes
used in Natal, but incorrectly, for urn-
Zany an 1 1 q. v.

u-Mzifisi, n. Certain beetle, common along
paths, which, when touched, pretends
to be dead (uku-zi-fisa), and frequently
worn by aba-Ngoma around the neck,
and also thrown into the river in time
of drought in order to cause rain: the
Sensitive Plant (Mimosa sensitiva) =
u-Mazifisa.

u-Mziwise, //. isi-Nhwe.

Mzoio or Mzolwana, adv. On the day
when mhla.

Mzuku or Mzukwana (s.k.),adv. = mzolo.

NA

398

NA

N.

[V has the same sound in Zulu as in Eug
"^ lish. But before a y, it is never pronoun-
ced as in the English word 'sing', the n in
Zulu not being absorbed into the g, which
latter retains its normal, hard sound, and com-
bines with the subsequent vowel. Before a k
it always softens the sound of that letter,
which now adopts the soft or inspirated mode
of pronunciation (see note under K), as iu
the word i-tiKataxo (a worry), from the verb
khataxa (to worry). In a similar manner it
modifies the sound of an /// (making it //), as
iu the word i-nTlomeli (a watcher), from the
verb hloma (to spy); of an 8 (making it ts),
as in the word i-nTsahlo (remainder), from
the verb salela (remain over); of a th, i.e. a
hard t (making it a soft or inspirated t), as
in the word i-n'l'clo (certain disease), from the
verb thela (pour in); of au sh (making it a
subdued or inspirated tsh), as in the word
i-nTskonalanga (west), from the verb skona
( go down ).

The combination ny is used to express a
softening of the n before the vowel iu certain
words. It always combines with the subse-
quent vowel in oue single sound, thus nyu-nda
(sppak libellously), not ny-unda.

Na, conj. And; also; adv. even; prep, with
[Skr. O Pers. ca, and, also; Lat. ha-beo,
I have; Ar. Hi. wa, and; Sw. Ga. Her.
etc. na; Ang. ni; Cong, ya; MZT. a;
M at', ma].

Ex. hamba naue, go and thou, go thou also.

ngisho nenkosi, I say even a chief.

ngambona ehamba nenje, I saw him going
with a dog.

Na (contr. for uangu). Used in calling
a person, and equivalent to 'here, here
he is' (C.N.).

Na, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nabalala.

Na, v. Rain. Cp. wa [Ar. natar, rain; Sw.
Bo. nya ; Her. roka, hana; Cong, noka

>■]). Su. noka, river, and Z. um-fula,
river, and im-vula, rain].

Ex. liycma (ixidu), it (the heavens) rains.

larva imvula, it rained; lana (or more
commonly lawisa) isicoto, it hailed.

u-Na, n. (contr. for u-Nina). His, her, or

their mother.
um-Na, n. I. Mate, comrade or close friend
- applied to each other almost solely
by men who have married sisters i.e.
irirls of the same father, also by any
person, male or female, to a very inti-
mate friend or companion, who is as
•>d to one almost as a brother or
3ter (used with kwetu, kwenu, kivabo).

Ex. awu! umna kwetu lo, oh! he is my

dear familiar friend, is that one.

um-Na (with the last syll. accentuated
and normal, not short), n.l. contr. fr.
um-Nawa.

umu-Na, n. 5. Scald-head, ringworm of the
scalp. Cp. um-Fula; u(lu)-Twayi.

Naba (= Enaba; pert', nebe or nabile),v.
Lie or sit stretched out lengthwise, or
broadly, as a man lying at full-length,
or sitting with the legs extended, or a
'running' plant growing 'length-wise'
over the ground, or a very broad, low-
pitched hut (used in perf.); be or live
at one's ease or leisure, enjoy a pleasant,
comfortable life without cares (cp. na-
ma; bunusa).

Nabalala (= Enabalala), v. Lie stretched
upon the ground in a sprawling, lifeless
or wrecked manner (not orderly and
with purpose as above), as a drunken
man in the road, or a person struck
down with a wound, or an ox exhausted
in a bog, or a hut already fallen flat to
the ground ; lay oneself out i. e. die away
without any struggle - only used of
the easy passing away of very old people
(used in perf.) = ukuti na.

isi-Nabe, n. Any broadly stretched out,
squat thing, as a very low-pitched hut,
a broad flat-topped pumpkin, or a low
broad basket or pot.

Nabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fall to pieces, go
to tatters, with decay or long wear, as
a blanket, over-boiled meat or an old
person (= nabuka); make so fall to
pieces, wear or tear to tatters, as a blan-
ket (ace), etc., above (— nabula) =
ukuti nebu, ukuti nayi.

Nabuka (s. k.), v. = ukuti nabu, nayika,
nepuka.

Nabula, v. = ukuti nabu, nayiza, nepula.

Nabu nabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — nabuzela.

ama-NSbunabu (no sing.), n. Tatters, thing
falling to rags with decay or long wear,
as a blanket, rotten or over-boiled meat,
or very old person = ama-Nikiniki,
ama-Dhlepudhlepu, ama-Nayinayi, ama-
Nepunepu.

Nabuzela, v. Go along in a very slow,
feeble, 'crawling' manner, as a chame-
leon, a dying beetle, or an old person
= nwabuzela. Cp. huba (hubha).

Nadinga, n. and?'. (C.N.) = nantsika.

Nafu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be sticky or tena-
cious, separate with a tenacious holding
together of the parts, as bird-lime, gum,
melting-toffee, or clammy bread in the
teeth (= nafuka); have to do with such
sticky tenacious substance, as when work-

NA 399

ing bird-lime (ace.) between the fingers
or when eating clammy half-baked bread
Or toffee ( nafuza); take out deeply
or largely, as mealies (ace.), sugar, etc.,
by dipping both hands or the scoop far
down into the sack (= nafuna). Cp.
lembuluka.

Nafuka (s.k.),v. = ahull nafu; namuka.
Cp. lembuluka.

Nafuna, v. = ukuti nafu; zacula.

i-Nafunafu, n. 3. Any sticky, tenacious sub-
stance, as bird-lime, gum, melting-toffee,
or half-baked clammy bread = i-Xamu-
namu.

Nafuza, v. = ukuti nafu.

Naka (s. k.), v. Care, concern oneself, or
trouble oneself about anything (ace.) or

anybody, as one's work, a master's
orders or property, or a sick person;
be continually doing, be always at, do
with persistency, as a person pestering
another (ace.) for a loan or payment of
debts, or persistently doing the same
wrong, or being continually at some
particular place, or being constantly
engaged at some work (= nakanela,
nakashela) — nakekela, nanza.

Ex. kanakwe 'muntu, he is not cared for,
or looked after by anybody.

unginakile ngengubo yoke, he is always at
me for or about his blanket (which I owe
him for).

■unake uktceba nkndlila kwabantu, he has
his mind only on, i. e. is always, stealing
other people's food (from their fields).

i(li)-Naka (s.k.),n. One who has care for
himself and his things, a tidy, neat,
orderly person = i(li)-Nono.

um-Naka (s.k.),n.o. Neck ornament for-
merly worn by the Zulu king and his
favourites and consisting of one or
several hollow brass rings worn one
above the other, like a stiff collar, round
the neck; certain kind of bead-necklace.
Cp. u(lu)-Bedu; i'Nganekwane; i(li)-
Sinda.

i(li)-Nakabapati (Nakabaphathi), n. Recent-
ly born infant still 'tiny' and tender,
requiring careful handling (N.).

i(li)-Nakamba (Nakambha), n. One who goes
with difficulty, as an old person (C.N.).

isi-Nakamba (Nakambha), n. Worthless,
worn-out horse (C.N.).

Nakana (s.k.),v. Think of something mo-
mentarily or cursorily, have the thought
of something (ace.) or somebody occur
to or come into one's mind, as when,
walking along, a thought of some article,
work or person comes suddenly into
one's mind, mental preception, or recol-

NA

lection (the act docs not amount to ea-
banga, and much less so to zindhla);
feel squeamish or qualmish, as the stom-
ach (i~nTliziyo) after an excess of very

rich food.

Ex. intlixiyo yami iyanakana leyo'ndlilu
namfdanje, my mind is thinking about that
hut to-day {vix. that it is time I Bet to and

build it I.

Naka naka, ukuti (ukuthi; 8.k.),v. Spot,
or be spotted, all over, as below |
ama-Nakanaka); go along with very
short steps, apparently 'dotting' about
always in the same place and never get-
ting forwards, as a very short or short-
legged person; go ostentatiously 'pick-
ing one's way' along, as a conceited
girl when dressed up = nakazu. C\>.
xinga.

ama-Nakanaka (s.k.),n. Small spots or
speckles of colour, as on a cow, dress,
etc., larger in size than the ama-Kifikifi
and smaller than ama-Nangananga.

isi-Nakanakane (s.k.),n. Very short, or
short-legged, person; a conceited person
who goes perkily along, as above
ukuti naka naka.

Nakancane, Nakanci (accent on last syll.
— s. k.), adv. In the least, at all (in con-
junct, with neg.).

Ex. kawumilanga nakanci, it (the tree)
hasn't grown in the slightest degree.

angibonanga ngidhla nakanci, I didn't ea1
the slightest bit of anything,

u(lu)-Nakane (s.k.),n. Tsetse disease in
cattle, caused by the fly of that name;
a persistent, continual doing of anything
(in the sense of worrying), as of a man
pestering another for payment of a debt,
a child persistently doing the same
wrong (cp. u(lu)-Nake); also sometimes
applied to such persistent person himself.

Nakanye (s. k.), adv. Indeed (in its strong-
est and most emphatic sense); at all
( with neg.) = impela.

1 1 a km i go.' uy'ilo (iscta), indeed! it's a fact!
he is it, be is one i a thief).

kungexe kwalunga nakanye, it cannot pos-
sibly be a success.

Icabonanga esebenxa nakanye, be <li<ln't
work at all.
Nakashela (s. k.), v. — naka.

Nakaza or Nakanakaza (s. k.). r. ukuti
naka naka.

u(lu)-Nakazane (s.k.), n. Hair of a Native's
head when of fine, soft quality (not stiff
and crisp see i-nGqangasi).

i-Nakazi (s.k.),n.3. Red or light brown cow
with small white spots speckled all over
the body. See i-Nala; i(li)-Hwanqa.

NA

400

NA

u(lu)-Nake (s.k.),n. Persevering care or
concern with or about anything, as when
taking good care of something left in
one's charge, evincing interest and
trouble in doing well one's work or
when tending assiduously a sick person
— isi-Ncke. Cp. um-Nako.

Ex. kana'htnake Iwomuntu ogulayo, he has

no care for a sick person.

Nakekela (s. k.J, v. = naka.

Nako (Nak/to), demonst. pron. There it is;
that's it — used in pointing out things
<>f the 8th cl. having the prefix uku.

Ex. nako-ke! there you are! off with vou!
go it (used to set off, or set. on, as boys
running or fighting); there you are; just
as I said, or thought (used in expressing
strong assent to another's statement).

bengal ngiyakulima hule'tidawo; nako-ke
Hngasani impula, I was thinking of plough-
ing in this place, but there it is, it no
longer rains.

um-Nako (s.k.), >/. 5. Concern (not amount-
ing to care), business (for careful at-
tention or interest — see u(lu)-Nake).

Ex. angina1 mnalco waloko mina, I have no
concern with that, I; or, that's no business
of mine.

Naku (Nakhu), demons. pron. Here it is;

this is it (used in pointing out things
of the 8th. cl. having the prefix uku);
used also adverbially, and gen. in con-
junction with lokii, to express 'since you
see, inasmuch as'.

Ex. kayikuxa namhla, loku naku engatu-
manga ixtci, he will not come to-day, since,
you see, he has not sent word.

Nakuba (.s. k.), adj. Although; even though;
nakuba — nakuba, whether — or not =
nokuba, nakona.

Ex. kayikuvuma, nakuba ngimtshela, he
will not couseut, even though I tell him.

nakuba etanda, nakuba engatandi, uya-
kusaTes'ehamba, whether he likes it, or not,
he will have to go.

Naku-ya (Nakhu-ya — the last syll. accen-
tuated,), demons, pron. There it is over
there; it is that over there —used in
pointing out things of the 8th. cl. having
the prefix uku.

i-Nala, ;/. 3. Plenty or abundance of food,
properly from a good harvest, also in
the kraal (as from purchase); ox hav-
ing! white \ spots "all over the body (cp.
i(li)-Hwanqa; v Nakazi).

Ex. kuy'inala kiti nonyaka, food is plenti-
ful this year at out place or district.

Nal6 (accent on last sy\].), adv. Even
there, even far away.

i(li)-Nalidi, n. Needle [Eng].

Naloku (Nalokhu), adv. Even since, even
that, even though = nakuba.

Ex. naloku eshilo, angiyikukwenxa, and
even though he has said so, I will not do it.

Nama, used for Noma in certain negative
cases (C.N.).

Nama, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be firmly or closely
attached to, adhere closely to, stick fast
to {= namatela); be firmly closed in
upon i. e. be thick, dense, as a fog, heavy
enduring rain, or dense darkness (=
ukuti ne).

Nama, v. = enama. w»

isi-Nama, n. Love-grass, a kind of grass
(Panicum verticil latum) whose spiky
seeds cling to the clothes of one passing
by; a certain weed producing a seed-
pod which also attaches itself in a si-
milar way to one's clothing; another
with small green attachable berry.

um-Nama, n. 5. Silkbark bush (Celastrus
cordatus) used for sticks, and the root
medicinally.

u(lu)-Nama, n. Toughness, tenaciousness —
used as adj. in the form lunama q. v.
— u(lu)-Zica, u(lu)-Zwenda, u(lu)-So-
lolo [Sw. kunata, tenacious].

isi-Namana, n. = isi-Namba.

Nama nama, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — namaza.

u(lu)-Namangolwane, n. — isi-Namba.

Namata (Namatha), v. Stick to (meta-
phor.), keep with, follow up closely, as
a dog chasing a buck (ace).

Ex. way'esinamete ngenduku njalo. xa:r
safhka ekaya, he stuck to us, followed us up
closely, giving us the stick, until we reached
home.

Namatela (Namathela), v. Be in close con-
tact with, be firmly attached to, adhere
to, stick fast to, as one book standing
close alongside another (with ku or loc.)
on a shelf cover to cover, plaster adher-
ing to a wall, one piece of gummed pa-
per to another, or a bad reputation clin-
ging to a person; also = namata; —
ukuti nama [Bo. mamatia, stick to; Sw.
nata, be sticky ; Chw. ama, touch].

isi-Namatela (Namathela), n. Anything
sticking or clinging fast, as burnt por-
ridge to a pot, tar to one's coat, or a
bad name continually sticking to one.
Cp. isi-Shelashela.

Namatelisa, v. Cause to stick to, adhere
to, cling to, as above — see namatela
= namatisela.

Namatisela (Namathisela), v. = namateli-
sa.

NA

isi-Namba, or more freq. Nambana (No-
mbha, Nambhana), n. Soft, sleepy, life-
less kind of person or animal, altogether
without spirit or energy (mental or
physical); hence, mild, simple, quietly
disposed person (gen. poor of intellect),
such as a man whom a child could or-
der about, or a cow that allows itself
to be handled by anybody, or a dog
that barks at nothing; slow-going,
sleepy-bodied person or animal, incap-
able of energetic movement ( = isi-Na-
mana, u(lu)-Namangohvana, isi-Name-
kwana, um-Namekelwana, isi-Nanguna-
ngu)\ short-legged, stumpy person or
animal with a slow, difficult, waddling
gait, as a short-legged fowl, bullock,
duck, or very short stout woman ( =
isi-Nambuzana, isi-Dambuzana ).

Namba namba, ukuti (Nambha nambha,
ukuthi), v. Do anything, or go along,
in a very slow, creeping manner, as a
slow, sleepy person or workez*, or one
with very short legs whose progress is
scarcely noticeable — ukuti nangu na-
ngu, nambaza.

isi-Nambanamba (Nambhanambha), n.
Slow, sleepy, lifeless person, without
any spirit or activity = isi-Nanguna-
ngu.

isi-Nambati (Nambhathi), n. = isi-Hiya.

Nambaza or Nambazela, v. = ukuti na-
mba namba.

Nambita (Nambhitha), v. Move the mouth
or lips about to clear the mouth after
having swallowed a mouthful or when
tasting something; hence, taste anything
(in such sense; not to 'perceive the
flavour' = zwa), as when tasting cheese
(ace.) or wine; hear or understand
thoroughly, as the word or instructions
of a person. Cp. hlwabula; ncamuza.
[Bo. lambita, lick; Sw. ramba, lick; Son.
nam, bite].

Ex. auginambitanya kahle, I didn't get
to perceive, *. e. hear or understand, well
( what he said).

Nambu nambu, ukuti (Nambhu nambhu,
ukuthi), v. = ukuti namba namba.

isi-Nambunambu (Nambhunambhu), n. =
isi-Nambanamba.

Nambuza or Nambuzela (Nambhuza or
Nambhuzela), v. = nambaza.

isi-Nambuza or Nambuzana (Nambhuza or
Nambhuzana), n. = isi-Namba.

Name, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Close up or close
together by making to firmly adhere or
stick together; hence, plaster up, putty
up, solder up, as the overlapping of two
pieces of tin with solder, the lid (ace.)

401 NA

of an imbiza or the stone covering the

mouth of a mealie-pit by smearing tin
edges with cowdung, or a sod or wattle
wall {i.e. the crevices therein) by plas-
tering it with mud; close tightly in, as
sirkness the members (arc.) of a kraal
when abundant among them; plaster or
besmear a person (ace.) with some dis-
graceful charge (= namekeza, bace/ai )
= nameka; get or be so closed, stuek,
or plastered together = namekeka.

Nameka (s.k.),v. = ukuti name. Cp. /></-
hleka.

um-Namekelwana (s.k.), n. ■ ■■ isi-Namba.

Namekeza or Namekezela (s.k.), v. Plaster
or besmear a person (ace.) with some
disgraceful charge, etc. = ukuti name.

isi-Namekwana (s.k.),n. = isi-Namba.

NSmfu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti. nafu.

Namfuka (s. k.J, v. = nafuka.

Namfuna, v. = nafuna.

i-Namfunamfu, n. 3. = i-Nafunafu.

Namfuza, v. — nafuza.

Namhla, or Namhla-nje (the m contr. for
mu, hence pronounc. separately), adv.
To-day, this day, this very day; often

equivalent to 'now, now-a-days'. See
umu-Hla; mhla.

Ex. kakus'euxiwa namhla-nje, it is no
longer done now-a-days.

Nanamhla loku, Nanamhla kaloku (s.k.),
adv. And even now, even to-day, even
still, and until now = neminakaloku,
nemina nakaloku, neminanaloku.

Ex. kade wajwayela loivo'»/kuba, nanamhla
loku usaw'cnxa, itislong ago since hegot accus-
tomed to that habit, and even now he has it.
seku'minyaka, 'mibili /rati uy'exa, nanamhla
loku (or nanamhla loku us'exa, <>v nanamhla
loku kakafiki) he said he would come already
two years ago, and even to-day (it is the
same, he has not come), or, and even still
he is coming, or, and even now he has net
arrived.

Nampa (s. p.), demons, pron. Here they
are — used with nouns plur. of the 1st
cl. having the prefix aba.

Nampa-ya (s.p. — last syll. accentuated/
demons, pron. There they are over there,

— used as above.

Nampo (s.p.), demons, pron. There it is

— used with nouns sing, of the 7th. el.
having the prefix ubn; there they are

— used with nouns plur. of the 1st. cl.
having the prefix aba.

Nampu (s.p.), demons, pron. Here it is
- used with nouns sing, id' the 7th. cl.

having

the prefix ubn.

ae

NA

402

NA

Nampu-ya (s.p. last syll. accentuated,),
demons, pron. There it is over there
- used with nouns sing, of the 7th. el.
having the prefix ubu.

Namu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Open up or un-
cover slightly (see namulula); be of a
sticky, tenacious nature (= ukuti nafu).

Namuhla, adv. = namhla.

Namuka (s. k.), v. = nafuka.

Namulula, v. Open up or away the cover-
ing of anything, uncover, as the lid (ace.)
of a p<>t, the cloth covering: a heap of
goods, a carpet so as to see beneath, or
a folded blanket so as to show the in-
side — ukuti namu, sibukula.

i - Namu nam u, n.3. — i-Nafunafu.

u(lu)-Namunga, n. = i-Nafunafu.

Namuza or Namuzela, v. = uafuza; (C.N.)
feel the lips drawn tightly together after
eating anything tart.

isi or i-Namvunamvu, n. 3. = i-Nafunafu.
Nana, v. enana.

i(li)-Nana, n. That which is meet or pro-
per to a person or thing; hence, proper
place, assignment, position; apportion-
ment, allotment, share; party; kind, etc.
Cp. o-Nonina.

Ex. ngibixa inn mi la mi, I request my
shari'. as a father when asking for the lobola
cattle <>f his daughter.

sengixuxile inana la/mi, libuye lonke, I have
obtained my wage or reward, it has come in
the whole of it, as a workman might say
when paid for his work.

wabamisa ngamanana abo, he stood them
out according as was proper to them i.e. ac-
cordiog to their sex, size, etc., as a man ar-
ranging the dancers at a wedding, or an
indium disposing his troops.

/< '. >" '•. imjulni irii\ihi(i)ispl(i nrjamaitana 'f;</,
you shall replace these blankets according
as is proper to them, in their proper places
i. e. those of the same price, quality, colour,
size, etc., together.

icofilfuxinike (ixingane tami) ngamana-
,,,i to, y.iii will gel to give them (my children,
the>'- presents I am sending them) accord-
ing as is proper to them, each receiving
his proper share as befits him.

isi-Nana, n. Small, round-bodied load,

often found embedded in the soil.

i-Nana, n.3. (C.N.) = i-nTana.
u or i(li)-Nanabahule, n. Fabulous river-
animal see i-nTatabulembu.

X.Ii. Children going down to draw water

at the pool where this animal is supposed

to dwell, would sing 'Nanahule! 'Nanahule!

I. Hush', umfana ha' mama, watt, angoxa

ela ingubo ku' Nanahule ! ji J

isi-Nandi, n. Certain kind of spreading
grass {Cynodon dactylon); sometimes
applied to 'sweets'; (C.N.) pleasantness.

um-Nandi, n. 5. obsol. noun from which
the adj. mnandi q.v. is derived. See
um-Toti.

ubu-Nandi, n. = ubu-Mnandi.

Nandinga, v. = nantsika.

Nandisa, v. = totisa.

Nanela, v. = enanela.

Nanezela, v. == enanezela.

Nanga nanga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be spotted

with ama-Nangananga spots = ukuti

gqaba gqaba.

ama-Nangananga (no sing.), n. = ama-
Gqabagqaba.

Phr. ngi'mananga? ngiyHngwe yini? — see
ama-Nga.
Nangaza, v. = ukuti nanga nanga.

Nango, demons. pron. There he, she, or it
is — used with nouns sing, of the 1st. cl.
having the prefix u, urn, or umu.

Nangu, demons. pron. Here he, she, or it
is — used as above.

Nangu nangu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = nangusa.

isi-Nangunangu, n. Slow-going, sleepy, life-
less kind of person ; slow-coach.

Nangu-ya, demon. pron. There he, she, or
it is over there, or away yonder — used
as above. See nango.

Nanguza, v. Do anything in a slow, sleepy,
lifeless manner, as an isi-Nangunangu.

Nanguzela, v. Go along in a slow, sleepy,
lifeless manner, as above.

i(li)-Nani, n. Price of anything (M).

Nanini, adv. And when, i.e. at any time;
at all time, i.e. from all time (in the
future). See napakade.

Ex. akubonanga kuba njalo nanini, it has
never been so at any time, from the be-
ginning.

i(li)-Nanja, u. Edible berry of the following.

um-Nanja,«. 5. Certain veldt-herb, bearing

edible berries as above.
Nanka (s. k.), demons, pron. Here they are
- used with nouns plur. of the 2nd. cl.

having the prefix ama.

Nanka-ya (s.Jc), demons. pron. There they
are over there or away yonder — used
as above.

Nanko (s. k.), demons, pron. There they
are — used as above; there it is— -used
as below.

Nanku (s. k.), demons, pron. Here it is -
used with nouns sing, of the 5th. cl.
having the prefix umu.

NA 403

Nanku-ya (s. k. — last syll. accentuated/
demons, pron. There it is over there or
away yonder — used as above.

Nanti (s. I.), demons, pron. Here it is
used with nouns sing, of the 2nd. cl.
haying the prefix /'(//).

Nanti-ya (s. k. — last syll. accentuated/ de-
mons, pron. There it is over there or
away yonder used as above.

Nanto (s. t.), (lentous, pron. There it is
used as above.

Nantsa (s. L), v. = nantsika.
Nantsi (s.t.),n. used with the different
prefixes of nouns as Nantsika.

Nantsi (s.t.), demons, pron. Here it is
used with nouns sing, of the 3rd. cl.
having the prefix i-n or i-m.

Nantsika (s. t.; s. k.), v. To ' what-d'ye-call
it' — used in place of any verb or action
the correct term for which one cannot
momentarily recollect = nandinga, nta-
sika, nanzinga.

Ex. bat/e 'kunantsika lapa-ya - - ukufuna
uniuti, they have gone to what-d'ye-call-it
over there --to look for some medicinal-
plant.

u, i(li), u(lu) or i-Nantsika (s.t.;s.k.),n.
used with any prefix of a noun to ex-
press 'what is it, what-d'ye-call-it, what's-
its-name', referring to something the
proper name of which one cannot mo-
mentarily recollect — i-Nandinga, i-
Ntasika, i-Nantsi, i-Ntokanje.

Ex. icofika li/nvnike uNantsika lo — uMali,
vou will get to give it to what's-his-name

— Mali.
quba lapa inantsika Iryo, pass over here

that what-d'ye-call-it.

Nantsinga (s.t.), n. and v. = nantsika.
u-Nantsinge (s.t.),n. = u-Nantsika.

Nantsi-ya (s. t. — last syll. accentuated/ de-
mons, pron. There it is over there or
away yonder — used as above — see Na-
ntsi.

Nantso (s. t.), demons, pron. There it is

— used as above — see Nantsi.

Nantu (s. t.), demons, pron. Here it is -
used with nouns sing, of the 6th. cl.
having the prefix u(lu).

Nantu-ya (s. t. — - last syll. accentuated/
demons, pron. There it is over there
or away yonder — used as above.

Nanza, v. = naka.

i-Nanzi, n. S. Fourth stomach of cattle (cp.
u(lu)-Sii); man being supposed to be
anatomically the same as an ox, the
word is sometimes applied to some

NA

imaginary abdominal organ, distinct

from the ufluJ-Su, when- kuhlala izih>.
etc., i.e. where tape-worms lodge, and
other diseases are supposed to have

their seat.

Nanzinga, v. — nantsika.
u-Nanzinge, n. = n-Nantsiku.

Napakade (Naphakade), adv. And long,

long hence (of future), or long, long
ago (of past), i.e. from the beginning,
in all time, for ever sometimes used
in both senses as napakade kadala, or
napakade nanini. See nanini.

Ex. napakade kadala wox'angibone! and
though it be when (aud though it he evei
so long hence), he will come to see mel i. e.
I shall have it out with him — used as a
threat.

napakade nanini akubonaxe kuvela loko,
never in any time has that ever happened.

Napu napu, ukuti (Naphu naphu, ukuthi),

v. = ukuti kapu kapu.

Napuza (Naphuza), v. = kapuza.

Napuzela (Naphuzela), v. = kapuzela.

Nasi, demons, pron. Here it is — used
with nouns sing, of the 4th. cl. having
the prefix isi.

Nasi-ya (last syll. accentuated/ demons.
p>ron. There it is over there or away
yonder — used as above.

Naso, demons, pron. There it is — used
as above.

Nata (Natha), v. Drink, as beer or water
(ace.) — not very commonly used = p"-
za, sela [Her. nua, drink; Sw. Ga. nywa].

Natu, ukuti (Nathu, ukuthi), v. Take or
dip out lai'gely or deeply, as mealies
(ace.) with both hands or a dish ( —
ukuti nafu); be very tender or soft,
as the dough of an unbaked loaf, or
well-cooked tender meat.

Natu natu, ukuti (Nathu nathu, ukuthi), v.
= natuza; also nukuzela.

Natuna (Nathuna), v. = sacula, nafuna.

i-Natunatu (Ndthunathu), n. ,','. Any very
tender, soft thing, as bread-dough, putty,
very tender or half rotten meat. Cp. i-
Ntobontobo.

Natuza (Nathuza), v. Have to do, as when
working, eating, etc., with anything of
the nature of an i-Natunatu.

Ex. kadc sinahixa myoma k'oBani, wo
have been ever so long eating soft, tender
meat at So-aud-so's.

Natuzela (Nathuzela), v. = nukuzela.

um-Nawa or Nawe, //. /. Any brother or
sister younger than oneself (used with
ivami, wako, wetu, etc. ); used by married
women to their brothers (married or

26*

NA

404

NCA

unmarried) even when older than them-
selves — um-Na.

Ex. umnawe wenkosana (tvekohhca, etc.^,
the second son in the i-nDhlunkulu, (or i(li)-
Kohhca i, lint.

Nayika (s.k.),v. = nabuka.

Nayi nayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nabu.

ama-Nayinayi, n. = ama-Nabunabu.

Nayiza, v. = nabula.

Nazi, demons, proa. Here they are — used
with nouns plur. of 3rd., 4th., and
6th. classes, having the prefix i-n, isi
or u (l»).

Nazi-ya (last syll. accentuated), demons.
pron. There they are over there or
away yonder — used as above.

Nazo, demons, pron. There they are —
used as above.

Nca, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ncanya.

i-Nca, ;/. 3. — see i-nCa.

Ncadazela, v. Go along 'bare, loose, or
empty,' as a person going nude, or a
man walking along without a stick in
the hand, or a woman returning empty-
handed after having gone to buy or
beg something (not used of a wagon,
etc). Cp. vatazela; hlambalazela; bu-
tshuzela.

Ncaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
mbebe.

um-Ncaka (s.k.), n. 5. Red-ivory tree (Ery-
throxylon pictum), bearing dark red
edible berries: (collect.) certain large
sized dark red bead or beads.

Ncakala (s.k.), v. = mbebeza.

i-Ncakala!a, ??. 3. see i-nCakalala.

Ncaku ncaku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.J, v. —

ncakuza.
i-Ncakuncaku,«./y. Any very finely ground,

powdered thing, as flour, or very fine

meal.

i-Ncakusha (s. k.), n. 3. — see i-nCakusha.
isi-Ncakuva or Ncakuvana (s.k.),n. = isi-
Ncwayimbana.

Ncakuza (s. k.), v. Grind anything very
finely, into powder, etc., as mealies (ace.)
into very fine meal, or wheat into flour.
See irNcakuncaku. Cp. qakaza.

Ncala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti ncalala.

Ncala, v. = ukuti ncalala.

Ncalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cover or lie
before faintly, in a dim hazy manner,
so as to obscure, as a mist or passing
rain-shower obscures the landscape
(ace.) beyond, or the shades of night
render objects indistinct, or a layer
of dust makes faint the colour or polish

of a table; waft or pass before one in
a faint manner, as a whiff of something
smelling; hence, get smelt faintly, or
as a whiff = ukuti halala, ukuti nca-
ya.

Ncalela, ukuti (ukuthi), v.= ukuti ncalala.

Ncama, v. Eat before starting on a jour-
ney.

Ex. sapuma singaneamile, we left without
having taken anything to eat.

um-Ncamo, «. 5. Food taken as above.

i(li)-Ncamu, n. Certain herb ( Othonna Na-
talensis), whose roots are used as ver-
mifuge for sheep and children = i(li)-
Camu.

i-Ncamuncamu, n. 3. A mere agreeing to
anything that is said, a decision de-
livered without any consideration or
exercise of judgment, as a chief accept-
ing without further thought anything
a favourite or headman may say, or a
magistrate agreeing with everything a
whiteman may saj- against his Native
servant (used adverbially with vuma)
= i-Ncemuncemu.

Ex. asimz'avume ineamuneamu, he just
merely believes or accepts anything they tell
him (exercising no judgment of his own).

ubu-Ncamuncamu, n. A smacking of the
lips, as of children when eating some-
thing very nice.

Ncamuza, v. Smack the lips loudly when
eating, as a person or child of coarse
manners when eating anything nice.
Cp. hlwabula.

Ncane, adj. Small; little; few; young.
Cp. nci; ncinya; kulu [Her. otigano, a
little; Chw. nyenyane; Ka. cecana].

Phr. kumldabr kwamaneane (aiJiattotibu),
it (the disease) pains or attacks him in the
small intestines i. e. in the waist, just above
the hips).

Ncanya, v. = mponya, ukuti nca.

i- Nca pa, n. 3. — see i-n Cap a.

isi or i-Ncape (Ncaphe), n. 3. = is-Anca-

pe.
Ncasa, v. = nxusa.

Ncasha, v Keep close to a person ( with
ku, or ace.), stick to him, as a child
clinging to its mother in a crowd, or
a man keeping close to an influential
friend so as to obtain his support;
seek to save oneself by or behind
another, or by prevaricating talk (with
nga), as a person trying to get himself
out of a scrape by pointing to some
more important person guilty of the
same action. Cp. namatela; banda.

um-Ncashane, n. 5. (N) = um-Tungwa.

NCA

405

NCE

Ncashela, v. Begin to put forth the ear,
as mealies - - the cob at this first stage
appearing clinging fast to the mother-
stalk = belettt.

Ncashisela, v. used only as below (C.N.).
Ex. uku-xd-ncashisela, to commend oneself
to, try to please.

i-Ncashuncashu, n. 3. = i-Ncushuncushu.

Ncashuza, /'. = ncushuza.

Ncaya, v. — ukuti ncalala.

isi-Ncayincayane,w.= isi-Ncwayincwayane.

Ncayisela (with zi), V. Act or speak nicely,

/flatteringly, so as to curry favour for
oneself (N).
Ex. amapoyisa lawa axincayisela ngati
ku'belu/ngu, these policemen curry favour for
themselves with the Whitemen by means of
us (poor Natives).
Nee, ukuti (ukutlti), v. Make a tinkling
sound, as a glass or small bell when
struck = ncenceza.

isi-Nce, n. = isi-Nqindi.

Ncebeleka (s. k.), v. Talk away in an end-
less flow, as a loquacious woman scold-
ing or a talkative person prattling away.
Ex. hade uncebelekile, you have been pour-
ing out your talk ever so long.

i-Ncebelezela, n. 3. — see i-nCebelezela.

Nceda, v. Cover the penis with the pre-
puce-cover = ncwada.

Phr. kana'nkomo, ngisho neyokunceda, he
hasn't a beast, even a single one {lit. even
one to cover the penis with — the phrase
being taken from the practice of paying
lobola for a wife, and referring to the lack,
on the part of the man, of a solitary beast
merely to make repayment for the sexual
intercourse with his wife).

Kwa'Ncedangopondo, n. = see Kwa'Ncwa-
dangopondo.

um-Ncedo, n. 5. — um-Ncwado.

Ncede, ukuti (ukiithi),v. Become jealous,
as shown in the face of a child when
another receives a larger share = ukuti
hede.

um-Ncedede, n. 5. Jealousy, as common
among children or wives when others
receive larger favours (= um-Hedede;
cp. um-Hobolo); egg of a beetle.

Nceka (s. k.), v. — enceka.
i-Nceku (s. k.), n. 3. — see i-nCeku.
ubu-Nceku (e. k.)f n. — see ubu-nCeku.
Ncela, v. Suck the breast, as a child, calf,
etc. = any a, ncinta. Cp. ncembuza;
A epusa.

i-Ncele, n. 3. — see i-nCele.

um-Ncele, >i. 5. Boundary <»r grass-border
of a field (cp. um-Kawuloj i(li)-Petelo;
um-Sikelo); (N) certain fine thatching-
grass (= i-nTvnga).

i-Ncelebane, n. 3. - see i-nCelebane.

um-Ncelu, n. 5. = um-Ngcelit.

i-Ncema, n.3. — see i-nCema.

Ncembuza (Ncembhuza), v. Su<-k without
drawing anything, as a calf after all the
milk has been milked out or when the
mother is dry.

Ncemula, v. Suck slightly when commenc-
ing to learn, as an infant or calf; just
wet the throat with utshwala, etc., by
getting a little drink somewhere; (C.N.)
be fortunate, successful, prosperous.

Ncemulisa, v. Teach or lead an infant (ace)
or calf to suck by putting it to the
breast, etc., for the first time.

i-Ncemuncemu, n. 3. = i-Ncamuncamu.

u(lu)-Ncencence, n. Anything giving forth
a tinkling or slightly ringing sound, as
a glass, small bell, or well-baked brick.

Ncenceta (Ncencetha),v. Tinkle {trans.
and intrans.), as a glass, small bell, or
well-baked brick when struck (= ncence-
za; cp. nqenqeza), or as the person so
striking; keep the voice always on the
ring, as a garrulous or scolding female.

Ncenceza, v. = ncenceta.

Ncencezela, v. (C.N.) = nxepezela.

isi-Ncenceze!o, n. = isi-Nxepezelo.

Ncenga, v. Ask earnestly, beg, request,
beseech, entreat a person (ace), as that
he do something; seek to obtain some
right from a person (ace.) by treating
him with unusual politeness, consider-
ation or humouring, as though it were
a favour being asked; ask him 'nicely',
as when coaxing a fretful child or when
requesting one's wage of an angry white-
man. Cp. cela; nxusa [Her. ningiret,
beg].

Ex. ufwia ukuncengwa umlungu, a white-
man wants to be asked nicely (to do any-
thing).

angiyikumneenga, I won't have any coax-
ing with him (but will just compel him
without further ado).

i-Ncengancengane, n.3. Fretful, peevish
child or person who always wants c<>:>.\-
ing or humouring in order to move
him to act (= i-nTvtcmisn, i-mBongo-
mbongo); kind of veldt-rush, whose
roots are eaten by children.

i-Ncengelana, n. 3. - see i-nCengeUina.

i-Ncengelezane or i-Ncengelezela, n. 3. A
careful, gentle, considerate, coaxing

NCE

406

NCI

manner of treatment or behaviour to-
wards another, as below — more often
i-Ngcengelezela.
Ncengelezela, v. Treat carefully, in a gentle
manner, considerately, coaxingly, as a
new dress or nice pot (ace.) one wishes
to preserve long, or one's delicate con-
stitution (um-Zimba) by paying care-
ful regard to health, or a child or ser-
vant whom for some reason one wants
to treat with marked consideration. Cp.
cebedisa.

Ncengezela, r. (C.N.) = ncenya.

Ncepe (Ncephe), int. (C.N.) = nxepe.

Ncepezela (Ncephezela), v. (C.N.) = nxe-
pezela.

i-Ncete (Neethe), n. 3. (C.N.) = u-Ngcecla.

Nceteza (Xeetheza), v. (C.N.) = ceteza.

Nci, adj. Tiny, very small ; very few =
urn. Cp. ncane; ncinyane.

Ex. kioakunci, it was a tiny bit (the last
syllable, though short, carries the accent).

Nci, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngci.

Nci, ukuti (ukuthi; with prolongation of
the i), v. — cibalala.

isi-Nci, n. Aard-wolf (Proteles cristatus).

i-Nciba, n. 3. - - see i-ndba.

Ncibilika (s. k.), v. Melt ( intrans. ), dissolve,
liquefy, as snow, butter, or any solid
substance; lose one's rigidity, sternness,
etc. i. e. become pleasantly supple, com-
pliant, comfortable of body or mind, as
a person whose bad-humour has passed
off, or one who having been very cold
has nicely warmed his body (used in
perf.).

Ex. ungayi manje, kakcmeibiliki, don't go
now, he has not yet got rid of his morning
irritability, etc.

Ncibiliki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ncibi-
lika.

Ncibilikisa (s.k.), v. Melt (trans.), dissolve,
liquefy anything (ace).

Ncibiliza or Ncibilizela, v. Drink or eat

any thick liquid, as oil or slimy water,
or a very juicy piece of fat.

i-Nc'ibincibi, w. #. Any thick-, slimy liquid,
as oil, very juicy fat, etc. Cp. i-Nciki-
nciki; um- Cibilindi.

i(li)-Ncifi, a. (N) = i(li)-Ncimfi.

Ncifila, v. (C.N.) = ncimfila.

i(li)-Ncifili,w. (C.N.) = i(li)-Ncimfili.

Ncika (s.k.), v. — encika.

Ncikida (s.k.), v. = ncinza.

i-Ncikinciki (s.k.),n.3. Any slimy, dirtily
slippery thing, to the fingers or feet, as
greasy dish-water, or sliminess on a

river-stone {= i-Minciminci, i-Ncibinci~
bi; cp. i-nJimbilili; um- Cibilindi); any
'nasty', disgustingly filthy thing, as a
dirty dish-cloth, or dirtily served food;
applied contemptuously to anything -
'dirty thing', 'dirty stuff.

Ncikisela (s.k.),v. = encikisela.

Ncilikishi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. — ukuti
nci m ikishi.

i-Ncimbi (Ncimbhi), n. 3. — see i-nCimbi.

Ncimfa, v. Express dislike or contempt
by making with the mouth a sound
resembling the c click, as do women
(men making a sound approximating to
the x click = nximfa).

Ncimfela, v. Make the above sound of
dislike or contempt for or at a person
(ace.) or thing = nximfela.

i-Ncimfi, n. 3. Expression of dislike or
contempt made as above (of men =
i-Nximfi) -— see ncimfa.

Ex. uku-m-shayela incimfi umuntu = nci-
mfela.

isi-Ncimfi, n. Person of a querulous na-
ture, who finds pleasure in nothing,
habitually expressing dislike or discon-
tent, as above (men would substitute
isi-Nximfi for this word if applying it
to a man) see ncimfa. Cp. isi-Fa-
mxwele.

i-Ncimfili,rc. 3. = i-Ncimfi.

Ncimikiji, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. (N) = uku-
ti ncimikishi.

Ncimikishi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k), v. Do fully,
completely, as when filling a bucket
(ace.) right full with water (ace. or with
nga), or when completely finishing off
or perfecting any work — ukuti ncimi-
shi, ukuti nya.

Ncimiji, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) = ukuti
ncimikishi.

Ncimishi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti nci-
mikishi.

Ncinca, v. Manifest delight, be delighted
or joyful, as shown by children at some
pleasant news = taba.

Ncinci, int. (C.N.) = ngcingci.

Nci nci, adj. — nci.

Ncincisa, v. Make rejoice (C.N.)

Ncincita (Ncincitha), v. Do anything with
a pleasant easiness, as a Native reading
English with easy fluency, a person work-
ing at his hobby or anything in which
he has interest, a man drinking nice
beer or chewing a juicy sugar-reed.

Ncinda, v. Suck food, liquid, medicine, etc.
from the tips of the fingers, as a Na-
tive taking medicine (ace.) in this way

NCI 407

according to Native custom, or a child
who has dipped his fingers into the
jam-pot.

Phr. awu! uma sengtsebenxile mina, umu-
iii/i angancind'adele, ohl when I have done
my work, a person will be able to dip in
his finger to satiety, i.e. will be surprised at
its fineness, won't want anything more.

Ncindela, v. Take medicine, as above, for
another i. e. against him (ace), as an
umtakati does, pointing with bis finger
towards the person he wishes to die, or
as a young-man does for another over
whom he wishes to attain ascendancy
(cp. tony a); suck the finger and point
it at another, as a threatening to him
of evil. See i-nJumbane.

Ncindisa, v. Administer to a person me-
dicine (doub. ace.) to be taken by the
process as above - see

finger-dipping
ucinda.
um-Ncindo, n. 5.
bete already

>

i

y

Ground mealies or ama-
)oiled, as the worts for

utshwala, and into which the malt (imi-

Tombo) is thrown.

i-Ncinini, n. 3. See i-nCinini.

Ncinta (s. t.), v. Out-do, beat another (ace.)
in any contest, as when racing, dancing,
parrying, hoeing, etc. (cp. dhlula; tei-
ntata); also = ncela [Sw. shinda, sur-
pass].

Ncintela (s. t.), v. Get the better of another
(ace.) in eating, as a child eating with
greedy rapidity so that his companion
at the same pot gets nothing.

Ncintisana (s. t.), v. Help to out-do one
another, vie with one another, as above
- see ncinta = ngqayisana.

Ncinya, adj. Small; little; few; young —
neane.

Ncinyane, adj. Very small, little, few, or
young, as above.

ubu-Ncinyane,//. Smallness; littleness; few-
ness; youngness.

i-Ncinyanyana, n. 3. Tiny little bit, or quan-
tity, of anything. Cp. i-nCosana.

Ncinza, v. Nip, pinch sharply with the
points of the fingers; bite the tongue,
as some very pungent or acid foods,
etc.; pinch up snuff (ace.) from the
hand; dock or nip the end off a pump-
kin-shoot, in order to force forward the
pumpkin (cp. tenet) = ncweba [Sw. /'/-
nya, pinch; Her. ningota].

Phr. uku-xi-neinxa, to reproach oneself,
feel self-reproach or consciousness of having
done wrong. I p. u-Sota; ii-Nye%a.

akuneinxwa na'mximba na? and don't you
feel anything i pinching) — after having done
such wrong?

isi-Ncinzwa-

to pinch up
snuff ( doub.

NCO
isi- Ncinza, n. = is-Ancima.

isi-Ncinzakanye (s, Jr.), n.

kanye.
Ncinzisa, v. Help a person

i. e. give him a pinch of

ace). Cp. shiyela.
um-Ncinzo, //.. r,. (C.N.) um-Ncunze.
isi-Ncinzwakanye (s.k.), n. Very good snuff.

Of which a single pinch will satisfy

isi- Wis a.

Ncipa (Ndpha),v. Become less, diminish,
dwindle, decrease, wane, in any sense.
Cp. hluzeka.

Ncipaza (Nciphaza). <

m-ijiisii ;

als<»,
(ace.

make little of, disparage a thing
= filisa).

Ncipisa (Nciphisa), v. Make become less
or dwindled, diminish ( trans.) ; decrea •
in size or quantity, as anything (ace).
Cp. hluza; ncipaza; pungula.

Ncisha, v. Refuse to give a person some-
thing (doub. ace.) through meanness or
niggardliness, as when a traveller begs
for food and is denied, or a mother giv-
ing her children no food for punish-
ment = emana. Cp. guba.

Ncishana, v. Act mutually as above, refuse
to give generously one to another; some-
times applied to a person singly, when
given habitually to such mean practices
= emana.

Ex. uyancishana lo'mfaxi, tliw i- a stingy
woman, she gives nothing to anybody.

Phr. ixindaba kaxincishwana, kaxi'mabele,
one doesn't be stingy with news, it not beiug
corn — as when coaxing a person to tell one
the news.

i(li)-Ncishane, n. One of the two bony ex-
crescences, like rudimentary toes, above
the hoof or foot of animals, as the cow,
dog, buck, etc.

isi-Ncishani, n. Stingy person, from whom
nothing can be got, who gives nothing
to anybody = u-Nqodoyi. See ncisha.

um-Ncishanja, >t. 5. Onter-skin or cutis,
such as peels off from the palm of one's
hand after much hoeing or from around
the sides of sores (cp. isi-Kumba) ;
stye, of the eye ( = i-nKohlisa).

u(lu)-Ncishi, n. (C.N.) u(lu)-Cijo. Cp.

u(lu)-Bango.
i-Ncisili, n. 3. See i-nCisili.

NcVyanciya, v. book about in a mentally
agitated, ashamed or confused way, not
knowing where to look, as one publicly
abashed or a child caught in the act of
doing wrong kiyakiya, coyacoya.

i-Nco, n. ::. Red ox with large white patches
distributed about the body. <'p. i'Nala.

NCO

408

NCU

i-Ncodoba, n. 3. See i-nCodoba.
i-Ncohiba, >t. 3. See i-nCohiba.
Ncoka (s. k.), v. (C.N.) = ncoma.

Ncokoia (s. k.), v. Make fun or play by
talking, as with a child, play or jest With
it. Cj». ntela [Her. nyekera, jest].

Ex. uku-ncokolisa ingane, to make a child
to play /'. e. play with it or make fun with
it by talking laugh-provoking things.

Ncokoloza (s. k.), v. — cokoloza.

Ncokolozi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
cokolozi.

Ncola, v. Rob, plunder, a person (ace.) of
his property (ace. mostly used by wo-
men = paiiga); (C.N.) ill-treat, ill-use,
in revenge or dislike.

Ncoma, v. Report, announce, or declare
openly or abroad, as a criminal openly
confessing his actions (ace), a man bra-
zening forth his deeds or those of an-
other (good or bad), or a messenger an-
nouncing the coming of some public
personage.

Ex. hamba, uxincome, go and report your-
Belf or confess openly what your have done
(to your master).

wamncomela //Bam', he reported or divul-
ged him to So-and-so.

i-Ncombo, n. 3. — see i-nCombo.

Ncomu, ukuti, v. — mostly Ngcoma, ukuti.

Ncomuka,t\ — mostly Ngcomuka.

Ncomula, v. — mostly Ngcomula.

Nconca, v. Gather food (ace.) from the field
before it is quite ripe or fully grown,
as mealies, sweet-potatoes, etc.

um-Nconco (with plur.),n.o. Young mealie-
cob with the grains still unformed.

u(lu)-Ncondo, n. Person with a natural
halt of some kind in the leg, causing him
to drag it after him, as it were (not as
result of accident, or actual deformity
see u(lu)-Nyonga).

i(li)-Ncongo, n. Fruit of below. Cp. i(li)-
Kiwane; um-Poba ; is-Abumu.

um-Ncongo, n. 5. Species of wild-fig, bear-
ing a hairy fruit slightly smaller but
better flavoured than the um-Kiwane.

i-Ncongoshiane, n. 3. (C.N.) — see i-nGco-
ngoshiyane.

Ncono, adj. — see Ngcono.

um-Ncono, n. 5. Last small portion of ex-
crement discharged by a person (and
sought after by abatakati for evil pur-
poses ).

Ex. bamtalela ngomneono, they (the nba-
takati) took him by his umncono (which they
are said to watch for and collect) i.e. they

= bonenka,
= boncula,

mo-

mo-

caused him prolapsus ani, as a result of their

subsequent machinations-
Ncontuka (s. k.), v. (C.N.) = neotuka.
Ncontula, v. (C.N.) = ncotula.
i-Ncosana, n. — see i-nCosana.
ubu-Ncosana, n. — see ubu-nCosana.
i- Neosho, n.3. See i-nCosho.
Ncoshoba, v. Shave off the hair (ace. —

word now nearly obsolete) — puca, sing a.
i- Ncoshoba, n. 3. = i-nTsingo.

Ncosholozela, v. Persist or persevere at
anything (in good or bad sense), as a
person plodding industriously away at
some tiresome work, a child persisting
in doing wrong, or an importunate beg-
gar constantly worrying.

i-Ncosi, 71 3. See i-nCosi.

i-Ncosuncosu, n. 3. — see i-nCosuneosu.

i-Ncoto, n. 3. -- see i-nCoto.

Ncotu, ukuti (Nebthu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
boncu, ukuti ncomu.

Neotuka (Ncothuka), v.
ncuka, ncomuka.

Ncotula (Ncothula), v.
ncula, ncomula.

i-Ncozana, n. 3. — see i-nCozana.

Ncozulula, v. (C.N.) = conzulula.

Ncu, adj. = nci.

i-Ncubuncubu, n. 3. = i-Ncushuncushu.

i-Ncuke, n. 3. — see i-nCuke.

u-Ncukubili (s. k.), n. An hermaphrodite
or double-sexed thing; double-faced per-
son, who unites himself with both par-
ties in a conflict — comp. with i-nCu-
ke (hyaena, etc.), this animal being sup-
posed by the Natives to be an herma-
phrodite.

i-Ncukuncuku (s.k.), n.3. = i-Ncushuncushu.

Ncukuza (s. k.), v. Irritate, aggravate, pro-
voke a person (ace.) to get angry, by
some word or action disliked. Cp. ga-
la; cokoloza.

i-Ncukwe, n. 3. See i-nCukwe.

i-Nculu, n. 3. Abstemious person, small
eater, one who takes just a little (of food
or drink) and stops = i-Ncunu. See
ncunuza.

Nculuza, v. — ncunuza.

i-Ncumbe (Ncumbhe), n. 3. A thin por-
ridge made of finely-ground meal and
water, milk or amasi, for infants.

Ncuncu, adj. = nci.
i-Ncuncu, n. 3. (C.N.) == i-Ncwincwi.
i-Ncungulu, n. 3. Tadpole (C.N.) = u-Qa-
shaqasha.

NCU 409

i- Ncunu , n. 3. — >- Nov lu .

Ncunu ncunu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Eat just
a little and stop, as a small eater or
abstemious person = ncunuza.

Ncunuza, v. = ukuti ncunu ncunu.

Ncunza, v. Do little by little, gradually,
by degrees, as when putting slowly
away a large quantity of beer or food
(ace.), or a disease gradually getting
the better of one, or a woman hoeing
a large field little by little; (C.N.) annoy.

um-Ncunze, n. 5. Third supply of milk,
or milking, of a cow on the same occa-
sion. Cp. ama-Mbila, um-Pehlu, urn-
Gqobiya.

i-Ncupe, n. 3. — see i-nCupe.

i-Ncushuncushu, n. 3. Any very finely-
ground or powdered thing ; food, paste,
etc., made from such, as very fine por-
ridge, etc. = i-Ncubtmcubu, i-Ncashv-
ncashu. Cp. i-nQavunqavu.

Ncushuza, v. Grind or crush up finely or into
powder, or fine pulp, as grain, medi-
cine or soil (ace), on the stone or with
the finger, or in the mouth = neashuza.

umu-Ncuza, n. 5. (C.N.) == uinu-Nyuza.

Ncwaba, adj. Look nice and fresh, be in a
comfortably soft or supple state, as the
veldt when softly covered with green
in the spring, the body of a person
when lithe and glossy from oiling, or a
man well-off as to property, etc.

u-Ncwaba, n. Month beginning about or
after the middle of July, when the grass
is covering the veldt afresh with green,
and coming between UrMaquba and
u-Mandulo — u-Ntloyile.

ubu-Ncwaba, n. State of being as above
— see ncwaba.

u-Ncwabakazi (s.k.),n. = u-Newaba.

i-Ncwabi, n. 3. see i-nCwabi.

Ncwada, v. Put on or wear the um-Ncwa-
do = nceda.

Kwa'Ncwadangopondo (Kwa Ncivadango-
phondo), n. Far, far away (lit. there
where they cover the penis with a horn )
= kiva Mamengalahlwa. Cp. ama-Ju-
gujugu.

i-Ncwadi, n. 3. — see i-nCwadi.

um-Ncwado. n. 5. Light box, gen. made
from the leaves of the isi-Gceba tree,
for covering the end of the penis =
um-Ncedo.

i-Ncwalancwala, //. 3. Nice looking, quiet
natured person ; ugly affair that has al-
ready got noised everywhere abroad ; a
great or general dancing about, as of
several men doing the uku-giya at once.

NCW

Ncwalela, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti nea-

lata.

i-Ncwaleka, ,,.3. (C.N.) = i-Nxeleka.

i-Ncwali, n. 3. See i-nCiral 7.

u(lu)-Ncwamba or Ncwambu (Ncwambha
ovNcwambhu),n. A hazy, cloudy cov-
ering or curtain obscuring or dimming
objects behind, as a Bummer mist or
smokiness of atmosphere that may ob-
scure the distant landscape, a slight
covering of dust upon a polished table,
or a layer of oily matter on the t<>p of
stagnant water. Cp. u(lu)-Ngwengwezi;
u(lu)-Cwazi.

i-Ncwatule, n. 3. See irnCwatule.

i-Ncwayi. n. 3. See i-nCwayi.

isi-Ncway imbana (Newayimbhana), n.
Simple, silly, foolish, helpless Looking
thing, as a noodle or simpleton of a
man or a newly-born calf = isi-Ncwa-
yincwayi, isi- Wambana ; isi-Notongwar
na.

Ncwayi ncwayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Look <mt
in a simple, silly, helpless manner, as
above.

isi-Ncwayincwayi, n. — isi-Ncwayimbana.

Ncwayincwayiza, v. = ukuti ncwayi ncwa-
yi.

u(lu)-Ncwazi, n. = u(lu)-C/vazi. Cp. u(lu)-
Ncwamba.

Ncwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perfectly clear
or without obstruction to the vision, as
a cloudless sky, or an open country
without tree or hills. Cp. ukuti ewe.

Phr. lite ncwe ixulu nas'ebukweni bexinja,
it is clear (of clouds) is the sky. right away
to where the relatives of dogs' wives live i.e.
to the farthest horizon.

u(lu)-Ncwe, n. An open, treeless, hill-less
country or tract of land.

Phr. kukwa'Luncwe, it is in an open, ex-
posed, flat country. Cp. laca'NtUmgasihi.

Ncweba, v. = ncinza.

i-Ncweba, n. — see i-nGweba.

Ncwebula, v. Crack the whip at a person
(C.N.). Cp. twiqila.

i-Ncwecwana, u. 3. — see i-nCwecwana.

Ncweda, v. (C.N.) = ncwada.

kwa'Ncwedangopondo, n. (C.N.) = kwa*
' Ncwadangopondo.

um-Ncwedo, n. 5. (C.N.) umrNcwado.

Ncwela, />. Make even, straight, level, as
the edges of cloth (ace) when cutting it,
or a mat or spoon when trimming it
or finishing it off, or the floor of a hut
so that there be no unevenness.

i-Ncwele, n. 3. (C.N.) i-nQola.

u-Ndabazandile, u.
fairs ( gen. of a
he is concerned;
bongo for an ox

u-Ndabezita (Ndabezitha), u. The isitaka-
zo of several clans (as the Emambateni
-iii*l Sibiya ), whose great ancestor seems
to have been an individual (possibly
one and the same) called uNdaba.

N.B. Upon the conquering of these smaller
clans by Shaka, the use; of the isitakaxo
-«'-iii- to have been assumed by the

Zulu clan, to whom it is now almost solely
applied.

i-Ndakandaka, //. 3. see i-nDakandaka.

u-Ndala (no plur.), n. Edible fruit of the
i(li)-Lala palm. Cp. i-nGqasundu.

Ndandaza, c. State a matter (ace.) in an
unduly long, exhaustive manner, string-
ing on detail after detail without end
dendisa.

u-Ndasa, n. Month beginning about or
after the middle of January, and follow-

NCW 410

i-Ncweleha, n. #. = i-Nxeleha.
Ncweleka (s. k.), v. Get or be made or j

done evenly, straight, level, as above

i used in perf.) — see ncwela.
i-Ncwepeshi, n. :,'. See i-nCwepeshL
Ncwi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngewi.
i-Ncwincwi, n. 3. Sunbird or Honeysucker,

of which there are nearly a dozen

varieties (Cinnyris Afra; G. ehalybea,

etc).

ubu- Ncwi ncwi ncwi,//. Deceitful, not straight-
forward talk, twisting about in this and
that direction.

Ncwincwiza, v. Talk, as above.

Nda, ukuti (ukuthi), o. Be plainly visible,
exposed, as a kraal (= obala); be quite
lull, satisfied with eating- (= suta); also
= ukuti nka.

u-Ndaba. //. A name figuring in the an-
cestry of several different elans, as the

Zulu, Kumalo, Emambateni, Sibiya, etc.,
all of which claim descent from some
person or persons called u-Ndaba; may-
lie the name was originally applied in-
discriminately to any great chief, a dis-
position to such use being still ap-
parently retained in Natal. The word is
used to-day as the isitakazo of the Ku-
m alo and other clans. See u-Ndabezita.
u-Ndabakadengizibone (s.k.),n. = isi-Ku-
lutshane.

u-Ndaba-kawombe (Ndabakawo/nbhr), n. -
i(li)- Wombe.

u-Ndabankulu (s.k),n. see i-nDabanku-
lu.

Person with many af-
bad nature) in which
(C.N.) used as an isi-

NDHL

ing u-Ntlolanja 'when there is an abun-
dance of new mealies, so that the child-
ren leave it at the fireplace. '

Ndawo, adv. Anywhere; nowhere; any
distance ; at all ; not at all ; never. See
i-nBawo.

Ex. angez'akufumanisa ndairo, he will not
come to find that (such a thing) anywhere.

i"/ inime? ndairo! I

never

none,

aivako (amabele) ndawo, there is
absolutely, at all.

Ndawonye, adv. Together, in one place.

Ex. xibeke ndawonye, put them together.
balala ndawonye, they sleep in the same
place.

i(li)-Ndawu (Ndaawu), n. Native of a cer-
tain East-Coast tribe. Cp. i(li)-Tonga.
umu-Nde, n. 5. — umu-Mbu.

u-Ndelifa or Ndelitshe (s. t.J, n. Game of
children, in which four stones are held
in the hand, then a fifth tossed up and
caught in the same hand. See kobola.

i-Ndenda, n. S. — see i-nDenda.

um-Ndeni, n. 5. Circle of relatives of the
second order, not comprised within the
present family, though connected with
it intimately in the near past, as fami-
lies whose great-grandfather may have
been one, ' Cornish cousins ', etc. ( see
zalana); sometimes applied to a single
individual of this circle.

P. kudhla umndeni, kiretamele ixibankira,
the family-circle eats, and the lizards bask
in the sun (i.e. look on i = strangers must
not expect the attention given to one of the
family, things go by favouritism or nepotism.

impi yomndeni kayingenwa ng'owex/ixwe,
the fight of the family is not entered by
one of another tribe = a stranger doesn't
mix himself up in domestic troubles.

umndeni kawufakani ' iitbedu, the family-
circle doesn't present one another with an
u(lu)-bedtt la brass neck-ornament origiually
presented by the chiefs to their favourites |
= assistance is not to be expected from
members of the family, who are more often
engaged in mutual conflict.
ubu-Ndeni, n. Relationship of the second
order, as above.

Ndhla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stare at, fix the
gaze upon (ace.) — ukuti ndhlo. Cp.
golozela.

ama-Ndhla (no sing.), n. — see am-Andhla.

i(li)-Ndhlambi (Ndlilambhi), n. Billow or
wave of the sea; also = i(li)-Hlanibi
[Sw. wimbi, wave].

u-Ndhlamvuzo. u. An iaibongo of Cetshwa-
yo; (C.N.) person paid or bribed to do
something seeretlv for another.

NDHL

i(li) or i-Ndhle, n. 3. Human
Cp. u(lu)-Tuvi [prob.

excrement.

akin to endhle,

pandhle -- cp. uku-ya ngapandhle, to

go out to stool — Her. otu-ze].

Phr. washiywa indhle, he was Left behind

by excrement /. e. liis bowels moved involun-
tarily, as with children. — Even men, when
quaking under the dread of impending evil,
are said to gather together in the cattle-told
and be subject to the same misfortune —
the fright probably turning the stomach,
with this result. Animals of the feline kind
are also noted for this peculiarity when ex-
cited with rage.

Ndhlo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ndhla.
u-Ndhlovu-yenduna, n. Species of Waxbill,
resembling the i(li)-Ntiyane but going

only three or four together, not in largo
Flocks.

.\.li. The cry of this tiny hird is said to
he Ngingangendhlovit yenduna, I am as big
as a bull elephant!

um-Ndhlunkulu.w.J. — see uiu-uDhlunkulu.

i(li)-Ndhlwane, n. Certain kind of trap for
catching birds, formed like a small cage
of sticks; used contemptuously of a
small kraal or single but standing 'like
a bird trap' on the veldt - i(li)-Dhlwani.

um-Ndhlwane, n. 6. = um-Wundhlwane.

NdT, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go flying up into
the air, as a bird from the ground, or
a piece of paper taken up by the wind.
Cp. ukuti Iwi.

Ndi, ukuti (ukuthi — gen. with prolongation
of voweLA v. Take out largely or deeply
anything of a soft nature, as porridge
(ace.), amasi, pumpkin-mash, etc., with
the band or ladle; strike a heavy blow
on any soft thing with a stick, as on
the body of a cow or woman, or a snake
= ndinya; also — ukuti ndindilizi.

u(lu)-Ndi, n. Brim, edge, as of a cup, box,
pit, book,- mat, or the land (i.e. horizon)
= u(lu)-Siko, u(lu)-Dini; cp. u(lu)-Cilo
[Ga. lu-kindo, edge of cloth; Sw. //-/>/-
ndo).

Ex. sika undi, lithe lunye, cut the edge
and let it be one i. e. straight.

u-Ndicosho, u. Anthrax = um-Bicosho.

u-Ndida, n. = u-Ngulazibuya.

i(li)-Ndiki (s.k.),n. Person (mostly girls)
suffering from some neurotic or hys-
terical disease (perhaps St. Vitus's
Dance) prevalent in the north of Zulu-
land; a leper (this application of the
word is of very recent use, probably
from the wasting away of the fingers,
etc. of the sufferers — see i-nDiki ').

ama-Ndikimana (s.k.; no sing.), n. Any

411 NDI

heavy, squat-bodied vessel, as a kitchen-
cauldron, or broad short imbiza.

i-Ndi'kindiki (s.k.),n. see i-nDikindiki.

u-Ndimimbili (Ndimimbhili), n. False,
double-tongued person ; traitor.

Ndinda, v. Rove about, wander without
any useful object, as an idler am. .li-
the kraals, or a Loose girl; fly about
here and there, as Locusts or as the
feathers of a man's head- ornament.

um-Ndindi, n. 5. Irresistible desire to
a-roaming, to 'go off with the crowd',
such as comes over a child when lie
sees a party of bis companions going
off anywhere; attraction to roam induc-
ed by such a moving crowd.

Ex. abafana bahambile, batatwa wnndindi
wenqola, the hoys have gone out, they were
drawn off by the attraction of the wagon.

amantombazema ka'Bani exa ngomndindi
ekaya, was'ekamba nawo, So-and-Ho'a jrirls
came in an enticing crowd to the kraal, and
she went off with them.

Ndindilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be quite level
even, or straight round, as the brim of
a cup, the face of a coin or floor of a
hut; also applied to persons or thinu^
of an equal height, or a perfectly flat
plain.

um-Ndindimana, u. ~>. An imbiza of a
medium, not large size. Cp. u(lu)-Hoho.

Ndindiza or Ndindizela, v. .'wake a low
rumbling sound, rumble, as distant
thunder or a train, or large troop of cattle
trotting along.

i-Ndingi, n. 3. - see i-uDiugi.

Ndingilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), >\ ukuti tli-

ngilizi.

Ndini, enclitic without any clearly-defined
meaning, but gen. equivalent to Eng.
'good, good old; poor, poor old', and
always affixed to the end of a w>\\n.

Ex. yeka okwake uMxila-ndini! jusl think
of his | troubles i, poor Mzila!

mina, 'ntombi-ndini! come here, my good
girl !

siyamhalalisela uMandondo-ndini! we
shout with joy for him i. e. we congratulate
him, good old Mandondo!
Ndinya, v. = ukuti »tli.
Ndipaza (Ndiphaza), v. ntipaea.
isi-Ndiya (with plur.), n. A hollow vacant-
ness, haziness, that seems to cover the
sunken eye of a person when dead or

dying, fainting, etc.

Ex. amehlo (dee as'enexindiya, hi- eyea

arc sunken and Lifeless, as from hunger,
wasting fever, etc.
NdYya ndi'ya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ndiyaza.

NDI

412

NDW

isi-NdVyandiya, t>. A swimming-round of
objects before the vision, general per-
plexity or confusion of sight and mind
so as' not to know exactly where one.
is, as when suddenly stunned or giddy
(cp. isi-Zululwane); certain plants (7>Vr-
sauia lucens and Spennacoce Natalen-
sis) eaten by a man before appearing
in a Native court as a charm in order
to throw the minds of those trying the
case into a general confusion.

u(lu)-Ndiyane, n. Worthless indolent per-
son who merely saunters lazily about.

Ndiyaza or Ndiyandiyaza, v. Have every-
thing going round for one, be or get
mazed, generally mixed up in vision or
mind, as a person stunned, or come over
giddy.

Ndiza, v. Fly, as a bird —papa [Skr. vi,
bird; Ndo. o-ndira, bird; Her. o-ndera,
bird; Sw. ndege, bird; Kwe. tisi, bird].

Ndo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Deal a thumping
blow, pommel, punch = ndonya, ukuti
ndu.

Ndobosha, ukuti (ukuthi),v. — ukuti dica.

i-Ndokoxa, n. 3. — see i-nDokoxa.

isi-Ndolondolo,n. = isi-Ndulundulu.

Ndoloza, v. = nduluza.

Ndonda, v. Breath with a wheezing sound,
as one suffering from asthma or in the
last stages of illness (cp. ama-Bongo);
purr, as a cat.

um-Ndondo or Ndondondo,w.J. Last wheez-
ing, gasping breathing of a dying per-
son; sometimes applied to the deep,
difficult breathing of an asthmatic or
consumptive person.

Ex. ns'ehlezd ngomndondo, he is now living
by his last breath i. e. is almost dead.

Ndonya or Ndondonya, v. Deal a thump-
ing blow with the fist or other blunt
instrument, punch, pummel, as one per-
son another (ace.) — ukuti ndo, ndu-

Ndu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti ndo.

Nduluka (s. k.)f v. Come or go, i. e. get
brought, sent, tnken, drawn, etc., in a
long continuous flow, as mucus from
the nose of a child, people streaming
from a church, cattle or wagons going
uninterruptedly along a road.

Ex. yiloku kwasa, hinduluka imvula, ever
since dawn there has flowed rain continu-

■ ously.

Ndulula, v. Make come or go i.e. send,
briny, take, draw, etc., anything (ace),

as above.

isi-Ndulundulu, n. Vacant-looking, foolish,

ignorant individual, as a simpleton from
the country parts, who merely looks at
everything without understanding any-
thing = isi-Ndolondolo.

Nduluza, v. Look vacantly, fix the eyes
on a thing without seeing or under-
standing it, as a delirious person, or
( metaphor.) an ignorant or foolish per-
son gazing at something that has no
meaning to him, as a Kafir gazing at
the printed page of a book = ndoloza;
cp. dhluluzela.

i-Nduluzane, n. = i-nDulo.

u- Ndu me, n. Large quantity, as of beer,
corn, cattle, etc. Cp. i-Ndimduma.

i-Ndunduma, n. 3. Large, immense thing
(of bulk), as stone, hut, heap of corn,
box, etc. Cp. u-Ndume.

isi-Ndundundu, n. = i-mBovane.

Ndunya, v. = ndonya, ukuti ndu.

Ndwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ndwe.

Ndwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ndwaza.

Ndwamela, v. = ndwebela.

i-Ndwandwe, n. 3. Any very tall, long-
thing, as man or tree = u-Ndwendweni.

Ndwaza, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ndwaza; also,
delay, dilly-dally, in speaking, delivering
a message, etc.* merely 'gaping'.

Ndwaza, v. Fix the eyes intently and im-
movably upon, gaze fixedly at (ace. with
ela form ) or into space, as when think-
ing (in pert). Cp. ndweza.

Ndwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be very or quite
white or bright, as country covered with
snow, a white dress, or the land bathed
in bright moonshine; be light, cheerful,
reposeful, as one's heart or mind (with
i-nTliziyo) (= ukuti gwa); also = ?idwe-
za.

Ndwe, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation
of the voweD, v. Get carried away in
meditation, as one's mind or heart (i-
nTliziyo), wander far away in thought,
as when a person silently recollects the
old places or companions (with nga) of
his childhood, or gets a-thinking strong-
ly of some absent friend, home, etc. =
ndwebela, ndwemela, ukuti ndwa, ndwa-
mela, ukuti ntwi.

Ex. intlixiyo iloku ite ndwe nyoBani, my
mind is all along thinking longingly, fondly of
So-and-so (perhaps a distant friend, or very
dear companion of one's childhood).

Ndwebela, v. = ukuti ndwe.

Ex. us'endwebele ekaya; washiyn unina

egula, he is thinking longingly of his home,

(where) he left his mother sick.
Ndwemela, v. — ukuti ndwe.

-6**t - fv^USL^ ^

_ -LlX<~^

NDW

413

NE

Kx. namhlanje i»ili;i;ii) indwemele uBani
(ox pkai/a), kungati ngiyakumbona (or kit-
nyati kukona okuvelileyo), to-day my heart
is thinking in an unusual way, lias a curi-
ous feeling, about So-and-so (or home), as
though I were about to see him (or, as
though something had happened there }.

u-Ndwendweni, n. = i-Ndwandwe; also
(C.N.) in plur. = o-Ndwenjuna.

o-Ndwenjana (no sing .),n. Small string of
stars faintly visible on the right of the
belt of Orion.

u-Ndweshe, n. = u-Xamu; also (C.N.) cer-
tain small bird.

Ndweza, v. Look in a long-drawn, vacant,
besotted manner, as a man drunk or
lost of his senses (= ukuti ndwe; ep.
ndwaza); (C.N.) sound like a distant
wailing.

um-Ndweza, n. 5. Person with dreamy,

vacant, half-asleep kind of eyes (= urn-
f Nwebelele); (N) Smith's Weaver-bird.
NdwV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Pass wind invo-
luntarily with a slight whistling sound
(cp. shipa); also (N) — ukuti dwi.

Ne, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fit closely or tightly,
as the cork in a bottle, or as a window
or other thing placed to fill up an aper-
ture; join, or be joined, closely or
tightly, as two ceiling boards together,
or as a lid covering closely a vessel
(often with hlangana). Cp. ukuti name.

Ne, adj. Four [Her. Ni. and most Bantu
langs. ne; Sw. nne; Ga. nya; Congo
Dwarfs, nna; Fern, etc; Fu. ?ian; Ibo.
anno; Fanti. anan; Ef. inan; Man.
nani].

Ex. imnkomo exine, four cattle.

um-Ne, n. 1. Elder brother; used by girls
to any brother, older or younger {urn-
Fo not being properly used by girls to
brothers); also by one man to another
older than himself, even though not his
brother (used with wetu, wenu, wabo).

Ex. umne wetu, my or our brother.
abane wetu /"not betu), my or our brothers.

isi-Ne, n. Four, or the fourth place.

Ex inkabi yesine, the ox of the fourth
place i. e. the fourth ox.

Nebala, adv. = nembala.
Nebu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nabu.
Nebuka (s.lc.),v. = nabuka.
Nebula, v. = nabula.

ama- Nebu nebu (no sing.), n. = ama-Na-

bunabu.
isi-Neke (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Nake

isi-Nekefu (s.k.),n. Any big broad thing,
conspicuously Avide in proportion to its

height, ;i? an unusually broad-bodied
man, a Bquat iron tank <a< compared
with the taller ones of galvanized iron |.
Nekenda (s.k.), v. (C.N.) nemuza
Nekende, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. Sit. be or
live, at perfeel ease or comfortably, be
in a comfortable position, as a person
resting in an easy posture, or a woman
who has obtained a comfortable life by
marrying into a good kraal nekende-
ka, ukuti tiete nete, zinzi zinzi, cerne ce-
me, cam a eama.

Nekendeka (s.k.), v. = ukuti nekende
(used in pert'. )

Nemba (Nembha), v. Smear a thing (ace.),
as with cowdung, paint, mud, or a per-
son with some vile imputation ( bixa,
beca); hence, soil, smear a thing (ace.)
with dirt or filth ( = ninda); hit or
stab very slightly or superficially with
an assegai, as a buck (ace.) when aiming
at it; (C.N. from Xo.) be a good shot
or aimer with the assegai.

Nembala (Nembhala), adv. = bala.

u-Nembe (Nembhe), n. Turkey-red cloth
(= u-Twayi bana ) ; badge, as for togt-
work in towns (Mod.).

ama-Nembe (Nembhe; no sing.), ». Food
left clinging round the sides of a dish
or pot after eating or cooking.

i-Nembe (Nembhe), n. 3. Any medicine
used to aid parturition in a woman ;
also — ama-Wu; also (N) — n(/u)-('<t-
bang a.

Phr. uNobani unenembe elitambileyo, ku-
mbe eli'lukuni, So-and-so has i i c, requires ,
a light or strong ineni.be .— has an easy in-
difficult delivery.

X.B. Some of the plants used as an int-
mbe are the u-Gobo, i-Buma, isi-Nwati, u-
lllakahla, etc.

um-Nembe (Nembhe), n. 5. Fat or grease
for smearing (see nemba) or anointing
the body; (C.N.) thin isirJingi or >(H)-
Yambazi.

u(lu)-Nembe (Nembhe), >/. Calm, quiet per-
sistency or continuation at anything or
of anything, as of a person in his work
or his claim for some right, or of a
disease in slowly and persistently -row-
ing on one or continuing in him.

Ex. ngaloku ngibeke unembe, I went on
calmly persisting or .hiving away i in my
argument, claim, etc. I

ukufa kusabek'unetnbe, the disease still
remains quietly going on.

Nembekezela (Nembhekezela), v. Affix un-
righteously to another (ace.) the blame
of something (with nga), casl a stigma
upon a person.

K

NE

414

NE

um-Nembenembe (Nembhenembhe), n. 5.
(C.N.) = i-nGotsha.

u-Nembeza (Nembheza), n. The good prin-
ciple in the heart of a man, prompting
him to do good and avoid evil, the con-
science. Cp. u-Govana.

Ex. ugovana ati angintshontske leyo'nto,
imembexa nbuy'ati angiytyeke, the ugovana

says let me steal that thing, and the une-
mbexa afterwards says let me leave it he.

um-Nembo (Nembho no plur.), />. 5. Shell
or shells, used as a bracelet, supposed
to give power to the wearer to hit his
mark see nemba (C.N. fr. Xo.).

Nembuluka (Nembhuluka), v. = lembuluka.

Nembulula (Nembhulula), v. = lembulula.

i-Nembunembu (Nembhunembhu), n. =

i-Ncushuncushw, more rarely = i-nJe-

mbuluka.

Nembuza (Nembhuza), v. = ncushuza.

u(lu)-Nemfu, n. Loss of appetite, disincli-
nation for food generally, as of a person,
or of a calf growing out of the sucking
period.

Nemina-kaloku, Nemina-nakaloku, Nemina-
naloku (kalokhu),adl). = nanamhla lo-
ku.

Nemuza, /•. Speak in a drawling, slow
manner, as some people naturally, or
as one seeming not to clearly know
what he is talking about.

Nene (Neene; sometimes also short— more
commonly as mnene/, adj. Affable, of
gentle kind disposition, courteous [Ga.
mene, pleasant; Kamb, nene, nice; Sw.
nemo].

isi-Nene, n. Bunch of tails or strips of
skin forming the front-dress of a man,
covering the private parts. Cp. i(li)-
Besku; i-n>Jobo; umu-Tsha.

ubu-Nene, ». Affability, gentleness or kind-
ness of manner or disposition, courte-
ousness; also applied, as below only,
to the 'right hand side' of a person (cp.
ubu-Nxele; i(li)-Kohlo; posa).

Ex. "inn umuntu e/vistva erapini, alale
ngesobunene, when a person is knocked down
in a fight, he should lie on his right side
(so as to he able to guard his body with
hi- shield which is held in his left hand ).

nhlr\i iiijiiLirrsohiniciir l.icami for no mi),
he -its on my right-hand side.

uku-Nene, //. dialect for ubu-Nene, mostly
used by the coast tribes and in Natal.

i-Nenevu or Nenevana, v. 3. Little bunch
of wrinkled or folded flesh, applied to
a tiny infant just after birth.

um-Nenezo, n. ■'>. Short isidwaba, made

of skin about six inches broad, and worn
by adult girls during the menstrual per-
iod or when 'walking out'. Cp. um-
Kindi.

Nenga, v. Be nauseating or disgusting to
a person (ace), be distasteful, offend in
a disagreeable manner, as food prepared
in a filthy manner, or talk of an offen-
sive or disgusting nature; nengwa
(pass.), be disgusted, or disgustingly of-
fended with, i. e. dislike, have a distaste
for. Cp. enyanya (which is stronger);
ship a.

Ex. kuyanginenga loku'kudhla for ukwenxa
kwalowo'muntu), it is offensive or disgusting
to me, is this food (it turns my stomach),
or the action of that man.

nganengwa yilelo'xwi lolcuti, I was offend-
ed by, or I disliked, that word, namely, etc.

icanengwa ukuhamba kwake kwokudakwa,
he was displeased with his drunken life

Nengeka (s. k.), v. Get to be disgusting,
distasteful, or offensive, as one person
or thing to another (with ku) by his dis-
pleasing ways or its disgusting nature.

Ex. sengiyanengeka kuye, I am now an

offence, or distasteful thing, to him.

Nengela, v. Nearly arrive or reach to a
place (with ku or loc. ; cp. cupela); be
very near to (reciproc. form with na).

Ex. sati sisanengela emhtdaxi, sabuya,
when nearing the Umlalazi, we returned.

umuxi wake unengelene nevinbiU, his kraal
is very nearly at the store.

Nenka (s. k.), v. Be squeamish, as the
stomach {i-nTliziyo) = nenkezela. Cp.
nenga.

Nenke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Do in the
smallest degree, be on the point of doing
or almost doing, as a nail just on the
point of emerging through a plank, or
a person just taking a 'mere taste' of
something to eat = ukuti nuke, ukuti
nunu.

Ex. xaii xisati nenke ukungena, ngaxika-
lima, I turned them back, just as they (the
cattle) were entering, or about to enter (the
field).

to'anela ukumbona cti nenke (ukupuma)
emnyango, he just saw him slightly appear-
ing (or just on the point of emerging) at
the door, when, etc.

um-Nenke (s.k.),n. 5. Slug; also certain

sea-slug.
Nenkezela (s. k.), v. = nenka.

Neno, prep, or adv. On this side, as of a
river or road i. e. towards the speaker
(with kwa) ; to this side, towards here,
this way. Cp. pesheya; ngalapa-ya.

NE

415

NGA

Ex. kunganeno kwenTuxwa, it is on this
side of the Intuzwa River.

icoxa neno ! come to me or ua here.
ngahlanyana naye, exa neiw, I nut him
coming towards this way.
Nentsa (s.t.),v. Do in a feeble, scarcely
perceptible manner, scarcely doing at
all, from want of power, as ;i very
weak child crying or sucking, or a sick
strengthless woman hoeing; (C.N.) de-
lay from pleasure, dally.
Nepu, ukuti (Nephu, ukuthi), v. - ukuti

nabu.
Nepuka (Nephuka), v. = nabuka.
Nepula (Nephula), v. = nabula.
ama-Nepunepu (Ne/jthanephit), u. attia-

Nabunabu.
Neta (Netha), v. Get wet or rained upon,
i. e. by something falling from above,
as raiii, mist, spray (not from dew, or
falling into water = ukuba manzi).
Cp. na.

Ex. baftka benetile for benetile imvula),
they arrived wet (with rain).

uyakuneta, urna ukamba rnanje, you will
get wet, if you go now.
uku-neta intlamba ukutelwa intlamba.

Nete nete, ukuti (N'ethc net he, ukuthi), v. =

ukuti nekende, ukuti zinzi zinzi.
Netezeka (Netliezeka), v.=nekendeka, zinza.

isi-Nevaneva, n. Anything that persistently
clings or sticks to one, not l-eadily re-
moved or passing off, as birdlime, glue,
tar, or (metaphor.) a bad name or brood-
ing ill-feeling. Cp. ukuti neve.

Neve, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cling or stick per-
sistently to anything, as birdlime or
glue to one's finger (with ku or loc),
a bad name, or an undesirable person
persistently clinging to another.

i-Neve, n. 3. A game resembling 'touch,'
played by children = a/ma- Wu, i-Nembe,
i(li)-Petwa.

Ex. asobekana ineve! let us play touch!
Nanti! There you arc!

i-Nevu, n. 3. (C.N.) = i-Nomfi; certain para-
sitical plant from whose leaves bird-lime
is made.

Neze, adv. Not at all, not even slightly
v only used with a negative verb, and in
use confined mainly to Natal. See i(li)-

Ze

Nfinfa, v.
with a hissing sound, as
calabash or bottle of any
stuff, when the stopper is not

Nga, prep, and adv. About, concernin
an affair; about, in the vicinity of,

Let off or let escape gas, etc.,

milk
fermenting

tight.

person <<v place (with /, u or loc.); to-
wards, in the direction of (with ku or
Loc); against, by, as a wall or tree; on
account of, for; by mean.- of, through;
also used to express admiration, grief,
etc., equivalent to Eng. 'oh' [I la. gare,
by ; .Mai. ka over against].

-peak aliout
of

g, as

as a

Ex. angikulumi ngawe, 1 don'l -

you.

leyo'mfitilili engakuice, that disorder
things aliout you or over towards you.

kumise ngendhlu, stand it againsl tli«' hut
i. e. the wall.

yagwaxwa ngomkonto, it was stabbed by,
or with, an assegai.

wahamba ngesiti/mela, li<- went by train.

ngihlala ngawe, I remain on your account.

kwaya ngati, it went, or was doue, as we
wanted.

yeka uMxila, ngenkabi yoke yehashi! "Ii
my! tor Mzila and hie (fine) gelding of a
horse !

mo/ye ngomntanami! alas! for my child!

qa! ngati! (ox ngati sodwa nl;>>f<>).' no,

for us! i.e. there's nobody like us (in a

good or bad sense, as when lauding our line

(lancing, or lamenting our hard lot i.

Nga, au.r. verb, sign of the potential mood.

Ex. ngingahamba, I may, or can, go.

Nga, au.r. verb, used in conjunction with
a pronoun, and followed by the optative
of the verb, to express a wish or desire
— prob. contr. of ngati, and rarely used.

Ex. nami enga (ox inga, or unga, or ngi-
nga) ngingahamba, it is as though I too
should, or could, go = nami hcangati ngi-
ngahamba.

naye enga for inga or unga, or anga)
angahamba, and he too. it i- as though he
should go (in that the speaker wishes it);
or, and he too, it is as though lie could or
would go (in that lie himself seem- to he
desiring it) = naye ktcangati angahamba.
nganga ngingahamba; wanga ungahamba;
wanga angahamba, etc.. in past time, and in
both senses, as above.

Nga, adv. (mostly in Xatah ngabe,

i(li)-Nga, n. = i(li)-Ngababa.

ama-Nga (no sing.), it. Lie or lies, what
is untrue; stories, tales, statements which
by propriety one ought not to be making
(even though true in fact), as of a chat-
terer who goes relating all manner of
'stories' about others [Sw. wongo, lie;
Her. o-ngandyo; Reg. manw, At. co,

tell lies; Wol. »ar\.

Ex. ng'amanga, it is lies, it is falsa.

amanga! not so' not as you say! (aawhen
checking a person in some statement, the
word heing quite polite and having no re-

NGA

ference to lie?); no! it's nothing il have

come about or have to say), it's nothing of
consequence (as to allay expectation, in open-
ing a statement); don't mention it! what
do'ye say (expressing strong assent).

amanga, 'nkosi! ngixa 'kukubikela nje, it's
uothing, sir! I merely come to report to you,
etc.

amanga h<>! umhlola! don't mention it!
it was perfectly wonderful.

utiamanga, you tell liars; you are a liar;
also, you are untrue, you tell stories, you
are tale-telling < where his statements, though
possibly true, are called amanga in order
to express strong disapproval of his faithless
chatteriug about them ).

kukona amanga engilce ngaw'exwa ngaye,
there are some tales or rumours I ouce
heard about him.

Phr. 'utiamanga.'3 ' Ngi'mananga? ngi-
y'ingice, yini?' 'You have {i.e.teW ) lira! ' 'I
have spots? am I then a leopard?' — being
a play on the word 'maNainja (spots like
those of a leopard ).

isi-Nga, 11. Place overgrown with umu-
Nga thorn-bush; used also as a nounal
formation of ngati (as though, as if),
to express contempt at 'a little bit of a
tiling' or 'a good-foi'-nothing thing',
as below.

Ex. akit'tshwata loko; isinga nje, this is
not beer; it's a mere pretence or deception
[kungati kuy'ibo, inganti akuy'ibo), as to
its quantity or quality.

unginika isinga'ngubo for isinga'masi, etc.,)
lest, ngigakwenxa-ni ngaso't you give me
this 'appearance' of a blauket (or of sour-
milk, etc.); what do you think I am to do
with it? — as when despising its worthless
quality, or its insignificant quantity.
umu-Nga, n. 5. Several kinds of mimosa
thorn-bushes (Acacia horrida or Doorn-
boom ; A. Natalitia; Dichrostachys
nutans, etc.).

Phr. qibugele! ng'elomunga! ng'etomtolo!
lidhla ligodhle intanyana! hurrah! it's an
in, nun/a t that is one thriving on the umu-
Nga bush)! it's an umtolo (or one thriving
on the umTolo bush)! it eats with its little
neck hidden away! — cry of a boy who has
found an i-cimbi caterpillar, which are eaten
with great delight.

A'./i. The umu-Nga bushes, lik'3 the euphor-
bia, um-Kiwane, etc., have the reputation
of being dangerously attractive to lightning,
which apparent superstition, from the resinous
nature of their wood, may probably be a
truth.
Ngaba, ad>\ (G.N.) = mjabe.

i(li)-Ngababa, n. = u-Nogolantete; (N) cer-
tain brownish, crested, swamp-bird.

416 NGA

um-Ngababa, n. 5. == um-Ngabasane.

Ngabanye, pron. adv. One by one (with
nouns of the first class); through or
by means of others ; as far as others
are concerned, for or about others.

Ex. sondelani ngabanye, approach one by
one, one at a time.
Ngabaza, v. Conjecture, suppose or think
a thing (ace.) or about a thing (with
nga) with some doubt or uncertainty.
Cp. kononda.

Ex. ngiyangabaxa ukuti bangalala ekutini,
1 think that perhaps they may pass the
night at such and such a place.

besinyabaxa kodwa ukuti uyakufika, we
were conjecturing however that he would
arrive.

angingabaxi na'kungabaxa, I have no
uncertainty at all i.e. I feel quite sure.
um-Ngabazane, n. 5. Greediness (wanting
all for oneself), jealousy (at seeing an-
other with a larger quantity ) — is-Anga-
be; um-Bombombo ; um-Ngababa. Cp.
um-Ngandeni.
Ngabe, adv. Perhaps, may -be = ingabe,

mhlawumbe.
Ngabeza, v. Have a kind of uncertain
thought or purpose, as that something
may {ngabe) happen, be the case, or
that one may do something — prob.
akin to ngabaza.

Ex. kade ngikungabexa ukuti nyokuboua,
I have just been having a thought (presenti-
ment, etc.) that I might see you.
Ngahle, verb. part. It would be well, or

better — see Exs. under Hie.
Ngahle, aux.verb. = ngase.
Ngaka (s. k.), adj. Of such asize or quantity
as this; hence, so large; so small; so
few; so little; so much; so many. See
ngako.

Ex. unginika imali enyaka? you give me
money of this quantity? — expressiug wonder
either at its abundauce, or small quantity.
icatata-pi isitsha csingaka? where did you
get so large a pot from ?

ns'engaka! is he then so big already! — as
when admiring a child.
Ngakanana (s. k.), adj. dim. of above.

Ex. tis'engakanana, he (the child) is al-
ready just so (showu by the hand) slightly
big for, is he then so a little big, or big-
gish (a diminutive sense of 'so big')? — when
expressing slight admiration of his growth.
Ngakanani (s. k.)t adj. How great in size
or quantity? hence, how large? how
small? how much? how many?; also
used with neg. to express 'not large;
not much; not many.'

NGA 41

Ex. ingakanani imali yako? how much is |
your money?

xingakauaui ix/inkomo take? kaxingakana-
ni, how many (i.e. how great a quantity)
are his cattle? they are not (worth asking)
how many i.e. they arc hut few.

akungakanani loko, it is not much is that
i. e. it is not worth talking about, it is quite
insignificant.
ubu-Ngakanani (s.k.), >/. ttow-much-ness i.e.
the quantity or size of anything.

Ex. ngisho ubungalcanani bayo (baxo), etc.,
I mean its amount or quantity (as money),
their number ( as cattle ), etc.

Ngaka-ya (s. k. - last syll. accentuated), adj.
Of such or so great a size or quantity
as that over there see ngaka.
Ngaki (s.k.), adj. How many? [Her. ngapi;
Com. vgavi; Kag. ngai].

Ex. ixinkomo xafco tingaki? 0! I;<r.i:i-
i/gaki, how many ara your cattle? Oh! they
are not many.
Ngako (s. k.), adj. Of such a size or
quantity as tliat; hence, so large, so
small, so much, so many, so few, so
little, as that. See ngaka.
Ngako (Ngakho), adv. On account of that,
therefore; about or concerning that; also
used to express 'in the proper or cor-
rect way' (= ngoktiyiko).
Ex. ngisho ngako, I say so ou that account.
ang'a&i noma ng'enxe ngako, y'iui? I don't
know whether I have clone it properly or not?
ngako loku, ngako loku, presently, bye and
bye (C.N.).
Ngakona (Nyakhona). adv. About there,
in that vicinity, in that direction; on
that account, by reason thereof; also
expressing 'well, properly, truly, etc'
Ex. a! kouje basho ngakona, oh! they said
so ou that account then.

ittuhttele ngakona, he is angry with reason,
having good grounds.
Ngaku (s.k.), adv. or prep. Towards, in
the direction of, over against.

Ex. uyakulibona (ishunyu). lihlexd ngakuyo

intsilca (or ngas'entsikmt), you will see it

( the snuff-box ) standing by or near the post.

Ngakubo (s. k.), adv. Towards his, or their

home, kraal, etc.

Ex. us'eye ngakubo (kwake), he has already
gone towards his home or kraal.

sexiye ngakubo kwaxo, they (the cattle)
have already gone towards their hraal.
Ngakumbe (Ngakumbhe), adv. May -be, pos-
sibly, perhaps. See kumbe.

Ex. ngakumbe ungabafici, uma ungashe-
shisi, possibly you may not overtake them,
if you don't make haste.

NGA

Ngakwesokohlo or Ngakwesokohlwa (Nga-
kwesokhohlo), adv. and prep. On, at, or
towards the left hand side ngakwe-
sobunxele. See i(li)-Kohlo.

Ex. kungakwesokohlo kwami, it i- on my left.

Ngakwesobunene or Ngakwesokunene (a. k.),

adv. or prep. On, at, or towards the

right hand side ngakweaokuposa.

See ubu-Nene.

Ngalapa (Ngalapha), adv. Abort or to-
wards here; this way.
Ex. hambani ngalapa, go this way.
Ngalapa-ya (Ngalapha-ya - last syll. ac-
centuated), aav. Over there, over there
about; in that direction over there; thai
way over there; on the other side of
(with kwa), as of a river or hill (cp.
ngapesheya).

Ex. ixwe labeSutu lingalapa-ya kwoNdi,
the country of the Basutos is on the other
side of the Drakeusberg.

hambani ngalapa-ya, go that way over
there.
Ngalapo (Ngalapho), adv. About or to-
wards there; that way there; in thai
direction there; on the further side of
(with kwa), as a river or bill.
Ngale (with accent on the last syllable),
adv. There far away; over there away ;
away on the far side of (with kwa), as
of a river or mountain.
Ngaloko (Ngalokho), adv. On that ac-
count; therefore; about or concerning
that.
Ngaloku (Ngalokhu), adv. On this account;

therefore; about or concerning this.
Ngaloku-ya (Ngalokhu-ya), adv. On ac-
count of that there; about or concerning
that over there.
Ngamandhla, adv. Strongly, powerfully,
forcibly; by force or compulsion; ener-
getically, with spirit; violently; quickly;
loudly.
i(li) or um-Ngamanzi, n. 5. Certain tree
resembling the um-Sasane from whose
bark fibre-ropes, etc., are made.
Ngambu, ukuti (Ngambhu, ukuthi), r. Bub-
ble or make a bubbling sound, as a ca-
labash when the water is poured from
it, or as the water itself; play badly,
strum without melody, on the //(///)-
Gubu = ngambuza; ukuti nkampu.
Ngambuza (Ngambhuza), v. ukuti nga-
mbu.
Ngamhla (m being contr. fr. mu, hence
sounded separately). a</r. On the day
when = mkla.
Ex. ngamhla sifikayo ekaya, on the day

we arrived home.

27

NGA 41

i-Nyana, ». 3. = i-Ngane.

um-Ngandeni, n. 5. Envy, hateful jealousy
(stronger than icm-Ngabazane), as be-
tween two branches of a family. Cp.
um-Hawu.

um-Ngandiya, ?i. 5. = um-Ngandeni.

um-Ngane or Ngani, n. 1. Companion, com-
rade, dear or familiar friend. Cp. um-
Hlobo [Ga. mganda, brother - - prob.
akin to i-Ngane].

Ex. i.' 'mngane! hail, friend! — a com-
mon word of salutation by a man entering
i lie kraal of another I see kideka).
i-Ngane, n. 3. Infant or small child; hence
applied to a foetus ( perfected — cp.
um-Bungu); parents would call their
children by this name, even when adult;
men would also call all girls, even
adult, by this name [Ga. kana, a suck-
ing child; Sw. ki-jana, child; Her. omu-
nyame, infant— fr. nyania, suck; omu-
ingona, darling; Fi. ngone, child — pos-
sibly akin to gana q. v.].

isi-Ngane or Ngani, n. Lover, sweetheart
(male or female), dear friend, darling.

ubu-Ngane or Ngani, n. Infancy; child-
hood; comradeship, friendship of com-
panions.

i-Nganeko (s.k.),n.S. — i-Nganekwane.

i-Nganekwane (s.k.),n.S. Child's story,
nursery tale, fable, folk-lore story; any
incomprehensibly stupid tale or affair
(= l-Xijuneko, i-Ngcingane, i-nTsumo);
certain kind of brass ring worn, in for-
mer times, by men and women, as an
ornament on the upper-arm (= i(li)-
Songo) [Sw. ngano, story; Ya. ngani;
Ga. ngerru; Her. o-ndangu\.

Nganeno, adv. = ne?io.

Nganga, prep. Of the same size or quan-
tity as; hence, just so large as, so small
;is, so tew as, so little as, so much as,
many as (used in conjunction with
a noun or pronoun ).

Ex. ingangayo eyako, it (the bullock) is
the same size as yours.

ingangendhlu, it's as big as a house.

Phr. ungangaloku, ungaka, inganti wenxa
nje! you are as big as this, you are so
great (a person), and yet you act thus! —
-aid to reprove the action of a superior
person who ha- lowered himself by some
action.

ngipel'amandhla ngenja yami; ingangalo-
l.ii, ingaka-ya! I am quite cast down about
my dog (which has beeu stolen or killed),
it being of such a quality, of such a size

akungangati, ukuba siti, it is not for us

that we, should say, i. e. our lower or uu-

8 NGA

concerned position does not permit us to
say anything.

u-Ngangishayi, n. Certain plant, used as
an i-nTelezi to ward off lightning, etc.

i-Ngangomfula, n. S. = isi-Pikeleli.

Ngani, adv. On what account? why?; by
means of what? wherewith? whereby?
[Sw. kwani].

Ex. y'ingani ang'ezi lapa? why is it he
doesn't come here?

kuya ngani uka.fi, why is it that, etc.

Ngantlanye (s.t.), adv. = nganxanye. See
ntlanye.

Nganxamunye, adv. = nganxanye.

Nganxanye, adv. Away off towards the
side, away off on one side ; on one side ;
nganxanye — nganxanye, on one side —
on the other = ngantlanye. See nxanye.

Ex. inkabi el'ickle iloku ihamba nganxa-
nye, an ox blind in one eye always gets
going off towards one side.

abantit uma be f una ukukaka inyamaxane,
ornunye aye nganxanye, omnnye aye nganxa-
nye, Natives, when they want to encircle a
buck, one goes off in this direction, and one
in the other.

loba /xena nganxanye, naye alobe nganxa-
nye, write you on one side (of the slate i.
and he on the other side.

umwx/i ufa nganxanye, the kraal dies off
on one side [i.e. those living on one side
of it).

hamba nganxanye kimi for muni), go off
and away on one side from me.

Ngapa (Ngapha), adv. = ngalapa.

Ngapakati (Ngaphakathi), prep, or adv.
On the inner side or part ; internally ;
within ; on or in the inside (with kwa).
See pakati.

Ngapambili (Ngaphambhili), prep, or adv.
On or about the front of anything ; in
front of, on ahead of, in advance of,
whether in time or place (used with kwa).
See pambili.

Ex. kwakunyapambili, it was before then.

uyakukufumanisa kungangapambili (=

nga-ngapanibili) kloendhlu, you will find it

towards the front of the hut ( i. e. in the

vicinity of the front, not actually in front).

Ngapandhle (Ngaphandhle), prep. and adv.
On or about the outside of anything;
externally ; besides, extra; apart from;
without, outside of; without, indepen-
dently of (with kwa).

Ex. sigexe ngapandhle, wash it ( the vessel )
on the outside.

ngokmu'ka inkmiyane ngapandhle, I will
give you a calf besides (or extra to the
other).

NGA 41

lokn kungapandhle kwaloko engakuyisa fcu-
qala, this is apart from that which I sent
before.

yibelte ngas'endhlini ngapandhle, phice it
by the hut, outside.

uhambe (ukulumile, eto.) ngapandhle kwami
(or kuka'yise), ho has gone (has spoken, etc.)
without ine (or his father) i.e. without our
permission or knowledge.

Phr. ngisaya ngapandhle, 1 am just off
to the bush i.e. for the purposes of nature,
to stool.

itkwenxa (hamba, kuluma, etc.J ngapandhle
Jewexandhla, to do (go, speak, etc.) without
any authorisation or authority, without any
permission or knowledge of those in charge.
Ngapane (Ngaphane), adv. — kazi.
Ngapantsi (Ngaphantsi), prep, and adv.
Below, beneath, on or at the under part
(with kwa); less of smaller size or quan-
tity. See pantsi.

Ex. ngena ngapantsi kioetafula, get under
the table.

Jcakulingene nokwami, ktmgapantsi, it is
not equal to mine, it is less (whether in
size or quantity).

ubixa ngapantsi yena, he asks less (for
his goods J.
Ngapesheya (Ngaphesheya), adv. On the
other side of, beyond - properly used,
with kwa, only of a river (though also
used, by comparison, of a road, udonga,
valley, or sea, but not of a hill - see
ngalapa-ya). See peslieya.
Ngapezu (Ngaphezu), adv. Above, over,
upon ( in position ) ; higher than, in
height; more than, in quantity. See pezu.
Ngapezulu (Ngaphezulu), adv. Up above,
high up above, over (not upon - - see
■ngapezu); more than, in number or
quantity (used with kwa).
Ngapi (Ngaphi), adv. Whither? in which
direction? towards where?; (C.N.) adj.
how many? (= ngaki).

Ex. uye ngapi? where lias he gone to?

ixinkomo \akini xingapi kwesandhla?
: inyapesheya, the cattle of your kraal where
are they in regard to the hand ( i. e. how
many are they)? they are on the further
side (i. e. already over in the second hand,
may-be six or seven ).

babe bangapi? o! babengebangapi, how
many were they (the people)? Oh! they were
not (how) many i.e. were only a few (N).

Ngapo (Ngapho), adv. There on the other
or further side, as of a range of hills
or river. See ngalapa-ya; ngapesheya.

Ngase, aux. verb, being contr. of potent.

of se {= hie), as below — ngah/c, able.

Ex. uti ngase bayolwna, Una kanjt ? do

3 NGA

you think they would actually go and hoe,
it raining thus '.'

ngase ngikushaye, I could just L'i\<' you n
knock (similar to Eng. 'I could have gi
in the pas! sense, though the Zulu
similar meaning in the present i.

Ngas'ekohlo or Ngas'ekohlwa (Ngas'ekho-
hlo), adv. ngakwesokohlo.

Ngas'emva or Ngas'emuva, ^f/c or p
Behind, after; afterwards; in the rear
of (used with kwa) referring t<> both
time and place. See emva.

Ex. loko kungas'emva, that was afterwards.

Ngas'endhle, adv. Out or about on the

veldt.

Ex. uku-hamba ngas'endkle, to <-ro by the

veldt i.e. secretly, not by the open way-,
as one going off without have.

Ngas'entla (s.t.),adv. Towards the upper
part of a kraal, or hut, or up country;
above i.e. at the back of the head of a
person lying down (with kwa).
entla.

Ngas'enzantsi, adv. (C.N.) = ngas'ezantsi.

Ngas'ese, adv. By private (not open ) ways,
secretly, by stealth, without the know-
ledge of (with kwa); out of sight, apart,
away, aside = ngase; akin to ngas'e-
ndhle.

Ex. bahambe ngas'ese, they went off secret-
ly, stealthily (not seen by anyone

kubeke ngas'ese, put it away (so as not to
be seen).

Ngas'eyi, adv. (C.N.) = ngas'ese.

Ngas'ezantsi (s.t.),adv. Down towards
the lower part of a kraal, or hut, or
towards the coast-country; below i. e.
at the feet of a person lying down ( with
kwa). See ezantsi.

Ngatangata (s.t),v. Act rudely towards
a person (ace), act in a coarse-mannered,
unbecomingly bold, disrespectful man-
ner, as in eating, conduct towards one's
elders, behaviour towards -iris, etc. Cp.
mpabaza.

u-Ngaxamabutweni (Ngaxamabuthweni), >>.
One who thrusts 'himself into matters
that don't concern him.

Phr. nang'ungaxamabutweni, Undo linge-
'lahe, look at a fellow thrusting himself in
among the soldiers, he not belonging t" the
regiment — said in reference to a person as
above.

u-Ngayiyana, n. Certain tree, medicine from
whose bark is squirted out from the
month by an umtakati in the direction
of a person, in whom it is said t<> cause
insanity.

u-Ngazana, >/. i(li)-Shoshi.

27*

NGA

420

NGC

U-Ngazi, ;/. Certain forest tree whose bark
exudes a red sap, supposed to cause
purpura and various fatal hemorrhages
in human beings, and used by abatakati
for the purpose; hence, sometimes applied
to such diseases themselves = u-Ngazi-
ml v.

u-Ngazinde, n. = u-Ngazi.

i-Ngcacane, u. 3. See i-nGcacane.

Ngcaka ngcaka, ukuti (iikuthi; s.k.), w.(C.N.)

— ukuti ngca ngca.
ubu-Ngcandu, ». Tattle, worthless bit of

anything, as of beadwork, mat, mealies

or person.

Ngca ngca ngca, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Do any-
thing off in a quick, spirited, brisk
manner, as people tackling any work
energetically, or men pitching into an-
other sharply with sticks or a wild-beast
with assegais, so as to make an end of
the job in no time = ngcangcaza.

Ngcangca, v. Do anything in a quick
brisk manner, pitch into it (ace), as
grass when cutting, corn when remov-
ing it, an adversary when fighting, etc.,
as above = ngcangcaza.

Ngcangcaza, v. — ngcangca.

-Ngcangiyana, n. 3. (C.N.) = u-Nomnca-
ngiyana.

si-Ngcapa (Ngcapha),n. (N.) = i-nCupe.

-Ngcatu, n. 3. See i-nGcatu.

-Ngcayi, ;/. />'. See i-nGcayi.

-Ngcayikazana, n. 3. See i-nGcayikazana.

-Ngcazi, n. 3. See i-nGcazi.

-Ngceba, n. 3. See i-nGceba.

-Ngcebelezela, n. 3. See i-nGcebelezela.

-Ngcebengela, n. 3. See i-nGcebengela.

u-Ngceda or Ngcede, n. Fantail- Warbler

(Cisticola aberrans). See i-nGqangqa-

matumba.

Phr. amasi ka'ngceda, humour found
exuded in a small lump at the inner coiner
of one's eye.

kiffa'Ngeed'omklope Jcwa'Ntlongasibi <j. v.

P. imgceda utum'indhlomo, the little warb-
ler i small bird) sends the elephant — used
by a person who coaxes another (perhaps
his superior or equal) into taking a mes-
Bage or doing something for him, by be-
littling himself' before him or by flattering
the other.

Ngcefa, v. Do in an excessively bad de-
gree, as when dealing a man (ace.) wound
after wound on the head with a stick,
or when abusing or insulting a person
beyond all ordinary limits, or (in recip-
rocal form ngcefana) as applied to
the practice common in the emaNgadini

clan of indulging in sexual intercourse
with one's own sisters.

i-Ngcekeza, n. 8. See i-nGcekeza.

u-Ngcela or Ngcelamkwekazi, n. (C.N.) =
u-Masingana.

Ngcelekeshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.J, v. Do
straightly, levelly, *. e. make level or flat,
as the floor (ace.) of a hut; be done or
made straight or level, as above; go
straightly, straight forward, as a direct
or straight road; make go straight for-
ward, set right or straight forward, as
such a direct road might a person (ace.)
travelling by it, or as one person might
another by giving him precise directions.
Cp. ukuti gudu; ukuti pecekazi; cushe-
lekela.

i-Ngcelu, n. 3. See i-nGcelu.

um-Ngcelu, n. 5. Certain veldt-bird, fre-
quenting new grass = um-Celekeshe.

Phr. ngigakuvuku imingcelu ingakakali, I

shall he up before the imingcelu begin to
chirrup, i. e. very early.

i-Ngcengce, n. 3. See i-nGcengce.

i-Ngcengebezela, n. 3. See %-nGcengebezela.

i-Ngcengelezane, n. 3. = i-Ncengelezane.

Ngcengelezela, v. = ncengelezela.

i-Ngcengelezela, n. 3. — i-Ncengelezela.

Ngceshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) = ngce-
shcza.

Ngcesheza, v. Hop, skip and jump, as a
man from one stone to another in cross-
ing a brook (C.N.). Cp. gqanqula;
ngqesheza.

NgcV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be fast or firm,
as a thing held {e.g. a person in one's
grip ), as a thing fixed (e.g. a nail in a
wall), as a thing closed (e.g. the cover
of a watch), as a thing bound (e.g. a
cord-binding ) ; do i. e. make, hold, fix,
close, bind, etc., fast or firm, as the nail
(ace), person, cord, etc., above; close in
upon thickly i. e. be dense around, as a
fog, pitchy darkness, or a strong smell
about persons (ace); be or make com-
plete, perfect, as any piece of work =
ngcinya.

isi-Ngci,«. = is-Angci; also isi-Nci.
i-Ngciciyela, n. 3. See i-nGciciyela.
isi-Ngcifiza, n. = isi-Cifiza.
i-Ngcikingciki (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = i-Ncikinci-

ki.
Ngcikisha (s.k.), v. = lumba.
i-Ngcili, n. S. See i-nGcili.
Ngcilikisha (s.k.), v. = lumba.
i-Ngcina, u. 3. See i-nGcina.
Ngcinga, v. = ngcingaza; (C.N.) predict

NGC 421

some evil as likely to happen, either
from guessing, or for the purpose of
frightening (C.N.).

i-Ngcingane, n. 3. Long, senseless tale; a
S* lot of childish talk; hence, a nursery
/ tale — i-Nganekwane.

isi-Ngcingangcingane, n. Simple, silly, half-
daft, childish person. Cp. isi-Ncwayi-
mbana.

Ngcingaza, v. Talk away a long tale or
rigmarole of foolish, senseless talk, as
though narrating a nursery story.

Ngcingci, int. expressing delight, great
joy, as uttered by children, and frequently
extended as ngcingci ka'mjoji! or ngci-
ngci kamdoii! or ngcingci ka'mdosi!
or (N.) ngcingci ka'mgoji!

i(li)-Ngcingci, n. Certain hush.

urn or i-Ngcingo,w. 8. or 5. Any narrow-
place, as a passage, aperture, path, etc.,
so that one can only pass with difficulty.

i-Ngcino, n. 3. See i-nGcino.

Ngcinya, v. = ukuti ngci.

isi-Ngcinyane, n. = is-Angcinyane.

i-Ngcipo, n. 3. See i-nGcipo.

i-Ngcisili, w. 5. See i-nGcisili.

i-Ngcodoba, n. 3. See i-nGcocloba.

Ngcofa, v. Hold or handle a thing with
the fingers in a disgusting, dirty-manner-
ed way, as when holding a food-vessel
(ace.) with the fingers inside, or when
fingering food in a dirty way; hold a
cow (ace), during milking, by the i-
Ngcofa, instead of by the accustomed
grass head-stall; treat a person (ace.)
with much abusive talk.

i-Ngcofa, n. 3. Septum or cartilaginous par-
tition dividing the nostrils of a cow.

Ngcofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ngcofoza.

Ngcofoza, v. Strike a person (ace.) on the
head so that the point or extremity of
the stick strikes the skull, inflicting a
hole-like wound, not a split.

Ngcokola (s. k.), v. = ncokola.

isi-Ngcokolo (s.k.),n. — is-Angcokolo.

Ngcola, v. Be dirty, unclean, foul, filthy,
- as a pot, clothing, the body, water, etc.

used in perf = nukubala.
Ngcolisa, v. Make anything (ace) dirty, as

above.
i-Ngcolo, n. 5. See i-nGcolo.
Ngcomu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti boncu.
Ngcomuka (s.k.),v. = boncuka.
Ngcomula, v. = boncula.
i-Ngcongco, n. 3. Sec i-nGcongco.
i-Ngcongobezela, n.3. See i-nGcongobeeela.

NGC

i-Ngcongolozela, //. .7. See i-nQcongolozela.
i-Ngcongoshiyane, //. .7. See i-nGcongoshi-

yane.
Ngcono,^//. Less bad, in any sense what-
ever; hence equivalent to easier (as of
work), pleasanter (as of travellin
lighter (as of things of weight), l<
grievous (as of pain or aicknt the

thought in every ease referring, not to
the increase of the good quality, but to
the decrease of the bad; also used ad-
verbially as below.

Ex. ngixwa kutiwa kungeona namfila-iije,
] understand it is nol so bad to-day i as the
sickness, difficulty of obtaining work, dearth
of food, etc.).

'qa! akunjab'. ■<>.' ngconc-ke!* 'No, it
is not so (as you think)'. (Ohl it's all lijdit
then; very well; so much the better'— ex-
pressing a lowering of one's previous appre-
hension, erroneous belief, etc.
i-Ngcosana, n. 3. See i-nGcosana.
ubu-Ngcosana, n. — see ubu-nGcosana.
i-Ngcosho, n. 3. See irnGcosho.
i-Ngcosi, n. 3. See i-nGcosi.
u(lu)-Ngcoyingcoyi, n. = u(lu)-Ngqoyingqo-

yi.
Ngcoza, v. Abuse a person (ace.) rig^hl and
left, pitch into him with offensive in-
sulting language = cafuza; cp. tuka.
i-Ngcozana, n. 3. See i-nGcozana.
ubu-Ngcozana, n. See ubu-nGcozana.
i-Ngcuba, n. 3. See i-nGcuba.
i-Ngcubula, n. 3. See iyn.Gcv.bula.
i-Ngcucu, n. 3. See i-nGcucu.
i-Ngcugce, n. 3. See i-nGcugce.
i-Ngcuku, n. 3. See i-nGcuku.
i-Ngcula, n. 3. See i-nGcula.
i-Ngcungu, n.3. Certain kind of small
round basket, also earthen-pot or uflu)-
Kamba, having a small mouth fitted
with an erect rim and lid, and \\>^\ for
amasi, um-Caba, etc. I i-nGqutu); an
ox with the horns curved in a circle
as nearly to meet above the head (cp.
i-nGoqo); small light-brown bird with
a lone i,cak isirNgcungu.
isi-Ngcungu, n. - i-Ngcungu.
i-Ngcungulu, n. -7. See i-nGcungulu.
i-Ngcungwana, n. 3. *<■<■ i-nGcungwana.
i-nNgcupe or Ngcupo, n. .'.'. See i-nGcupe.
i-Ngcwabasi, n.3. See i-nGcwabasi.
i-Ngcwali, n. 3. See i-nGcwali.
i-Ngcwani, n. 3. See i-nGcwani.
i-Ngcwatule, //. •'.'. Sec i-nGcwatule.
i-Ngcwayi, n. .7. Sec vnGcwayi.

NGC 422

u-Ngcwecwe, n. = u(lu)-Cwecwe.
i-Ngcwecwe, n. 3. See i-nGewecwe.
i-Ngcwedi, ». 3. See i-nGcwedi.
Ngcwele, adj. See i-nGcwele.
i-Ngcwele, n. See i-nGcwele.
Ngcwenga, /•. (mostly used by women) =

cwengd.
i-Ngcwepeshi, n. 3. See i-nQcwepeshi.
i-Ngcweti, //. ;;. See i-nGcweti.

Ngcw'i, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stand or be stand-
ing up perpendicularly straight, as a
tree, pillar, or a man; be standing up
motionless, as a man seen standing- still
on a hill-top (with uku-ma). Cp. ukuti
twi.

i-Ngcwimbi (Ngcwimbhi), n. 3. Something

set up as a mark for boys to throw
sticks at (C.N.).
Nge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Shed or make burst
forth a great glow of brightness or illu-
mination around, become or be sudden-
ly lighted up with the glare of some-
thing bright, as a fire lighted outside
on a dark night casts illumination all
around in the vicinity, or as a lightning-
Dash does in the darkness of night, or
as a match when suddenly struck in a
dark room. See ngengeza.

umu-Nge, n. 5. Hole made in the bottom
of an i(li)-Gula for letting off the whey
= i-nKama.

Ngedwa, ind. pron. or adv. I alone; me
alone. See edwa.

Ngegeqe, adv. — see i(li)-Qa.
i(li)-Ngele ('mostly in plur. ama-NgeleJ, n.
= u(lu)-Ngele.

Ex. ixwe eli'ma/ngelengele, a broken
country, abounding in abruptly precipitous
places.

u(lu)-Ngele, n. Abruptly broken, perpendi-
cularly precipitous place such as one
could topple over, as the craggy parapet
at the top of a mountain, or the perpendi-
cular side of an u(lu)-donga where the
soil has Bubsided.

Ngele ngele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti

gele </ele.
Ngelezela, r. - yrlezela.

Ngelikade (s. k.), adv. After a good while,
after a long time. See i(li)-Kade; urn-
Zusu.

Ex. wafika inkosi ikambile; kwati n<i<jli-
kade yabuya, he arrived after the chief had
gone out (perhaps on a visit |; but after a
long while I may be late in the afternoon )
be returned.

nangelikade angabuya, it may be ;i good
while before he will return i which according

NGE

may be a few

to circumstances i
few months).
ubu-Ngemane, n. Certain head-ornament
of hide and cows-tails worn by the urn-
Tunsazive regiment.

Ngempela (s.p.), adv. = impela.
Ngemuva, adv.— see umu-Va.
Ngena, v. Go or come in, enter, as into
a hut (with loc. or ku. = bolekela) ; come
in, enter upon its turn, course, etc., as
a season of the .year, or a person
taking his turn at any performance;
invade, enter into with hostile purposes,
as an impi into any kraal or district;
get into a person (ace.) i. e. get to know
him familiarly and be able to act fa-
miliarly with him ; get or take one's
place under a cow (ace.) so as to milk
it; marry the relict (ace.) or widow of
a deceased brother, not as one's own
wife, but for the purpose of raising
seed for the brother deceased [Ye.
njena; Bo. Ga. ingila; Sw. ingia;
MZT. njila; Mpo. jingina].

Phr. ukungena kwodwendwe, the arrival of
the bride's party at the bridegroom's kraal
on the evening preceding the wedding.

ukungena kwendhlala, the beginning of a
time of famine.

ukungena kwehlobo, the commencement of
summer i. e. the spring-time.

ukungena ngesihlutu, to thrust oneself
unwanted into any affair (ace.) of others.

ukungena ngenkonw, to pave one's way
by making a preliminary present of a beast,
as in order to ensure favourable hearing or
acceptance; sometimes applied to a person
entering into any dispute or affair in a
proper, orderly, constitutional manner, not
merely thrusting himself unceremoniously in.

ukungenwa inyoni, to have a fluttering
inside, i. e. to be overcome with nervousness,
anxiety.

ingene! it has entered! — cry raised upon
the actual arrival of an invading force in
any particular place.

angikwaxi ukungena entlix-iyweni yomu-
nye umuntu, I am unable to know exactly
ail that is going on in the mind of an-
other person.

ilanga selingene leu'nina, the sun has
now set i.e. has just gone down out of
sight.

akungenanga lolco entlixdyweni yake, that
didn't touch his heart, made no impression
on him.

ngas'ekungeneni kwayo (inkomo), on or
about its left side {i.e. of a cow, from its
being milked on that side).

irttsinrj wangenela eduKe, he just went
into i.e.. went for it (the leopard) at close
quarters.

A

NGE 423

i(li)-Ngenge (mostly in plur.), w. One of the
dec]) furrows between the raised comb's
of liair in a certain Native manner of
hair-dressing practised by young ring-
Less men. Cp. i(l i)-Hrezelo.

isi-Ngengenge, n. Blazing hot sun = isi-
Gonogono.

Ngengeza, v. Shod forth a glow of light
(so as to illuminate round about) inter-
mittently and repeatedly, as a firefly
when Hying, or a man carrying and
swinging about a lamp in the dark, or
lightning rapidly flashing. See ukuti
nge.

Ngenisa, v. Admit, cause or permit to
enter; put up a person (ace), offer him
hospitality, as for the night when travel-
ling; put up for the night, ciy^amo,, as
:i traveller or impi at any particular
kraal or spot.

Ex. wayishiya ingenisile emHlatuxe, he
left it (the army) encamped at the Umhla-
t uze.

um-Ngenisandhlini, n. 5. Goat given to
a bridegroom's party when coming with
lobola cattle, also to a sweetheart when
arriving in a young-man's kraal on an
uku-baleka visit.

Ngentla (s. t.), adv. To, from, or at the
upper or higher part, as of a kraal, hut,
country, river, etc. (with kwa).

Ngepe, ukuti (Ngephe, ukuthi),v. = nge-
]>eza.

Ngepeza (Ngepheza), v. Wound or cut a
person (ace.) with a 'slicing' cut, gash
or blow, so as to make a portion of the
flesh, scalp, etc., hang loosely down.

Ngeqa, adj. — see i(li)-Qa.

u(lu) or i-Ngerre, n. S. Little Egret (H&ro-
dias garzetta); also sometimes applied
to Buff-backed Egret (Herodias rallo-
ides). Cp. i(li)-Landa.

Ngesibili, adv. = isibili.

Ngesinyelela, adv. — see isi-Nyelela.

ama-Ngete (Ngethe),n. = ama-Ngele.

Ngeze, adv. For nothing, without pay-
ment or labour or exertion, or any cause;
for nothing, to no purpose, in vain =
vgobala. See i(li)-Ze.

Ex. umlungu angakuxosha ngexe, a white-
man may drive you away for a mere no-
thing.

Ngezinyawo, adv. On foot. See u(lu)-Nya-
wo.

Ngi, pers. pron. I. Cp. mina [Skr. aham;
Hi. main; Ar. ana; Lat. ego; Ger. ich;
Pr. je; Goth, ik; Chw. ki; Sw. Bo. ///;
MZT. Sen. ndi) Her. ndyi; Ga. mi;

Com

Aug.

ngi].

NGO

u-Ngikawulani (Ngikhaumlani), u. Certain
plant, used as a love charm.

Ngimbaza (Ngimbhaza), r. Co along with
short quick paces, as a infant or Bhorl
dapper man.

isi-Ngimbazana (Ngimbhazana), />. Short
dapper person see above u-Mangqi-
ngwazana.

u-Nginakile (s.k.),n. Certain veldt plant,
whose routs are used as an i-pupo and
for Other l«»ve purposes.

i(li) or isi-Ngingingi, //. Person with a
stammer or stuttering impediment in
the speech. Cp. isi-Nkwanlcwankwa.

Ngingiza, v. Stammer, as one prevaricat-
ing; stutter or speak with a catching
impediment, whether only slight, or
pronounced (but less than nkwankwaza).

u-Ngini,w. Person or thing with a mem-
ber or members lopped oil' short, or
cut so as to leave a stump, as a man
with one arm or legs partly amputated,
or a tree with its branches chopped off.
See gina.

u-Ngiqi,?i. Ox slaughtered for selling
purposes, not for any ceremony.

u-Ngirrane, n. = i-nQirra.

i(li)-Ngisi or Ngisimana, n. Englishman
[E.j.

u-Ngiyakusho (s.k.),n. Word used to ex-
press an unlawful pregnancy.

u-Ngiyane, n. White viscous material found
attached to the um-Zungulu and other
trees and which, mixed with tin' juice
of um-Bodiya roots, is u^-d for making
the black material of men's headrin

Ngo, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Used to emphasize

([ina in all its meanings; hence, make
or do firmly or fast, as when sticking
in a nail (ace), person denying, etc.; gel
made or done firmly or last, as such a
nail; be thoroughly firm, fast, or tight
the nail above, a person in his state-
ment, or a binding of any kind ukuti
mbe, ukuti nqi\ also ukuti mh>.

Ngoba, eonj. Because; for the reason that
= ngokuba, ngobani, etc.

Ngobala, i/dr. ngi i

Ngobane, Ngobani or Ngobeni, conj.
ngoba.

u(lu)-Ngobobo,«. Any projecting pendulous-
ly shaped thing, like a tap, the bent-round
head of a gourd, the navel when abnor-
mally large and bent downwards, or a
long hanging upper lip of a person.

Ngofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ngofoza, ukuti
ngqofo.

Ngofoza, /•. Peck, as a fowl or bird at

A

W^M.^ Zj&£l~£

/U -'

u>»

NGO

424

NGQ

Ngokubeni (s. k.),
In the old style or

grain (ace), etc.; pick or wound a per-
son with a sharp notchy or horny in-
strument (= ngopoza); peek or snap
away at a person with sharp angry
words = ngqofoza.

Ngokuba, Ngokubani,
eonj. ■=■ ngoba.

Ngokudala (s. k.), adv.
manner, as of old.

Ngokuhlwa (s. Jr.), adv. About or at evening.

Ngokusa (s. k.), adv. About or at dawn.

Ngokwami (s. k.). As far as I am concerned;
for my part; for myself, by myself,
unaided; on my own account, unauthor-
ised - so also ngokwako, ngokwake,
ngokwetu, etc.

i(li)-Ngole or Ngolo, n. (C.N.) — i-Ngonya-
ma.

ama-Ngolwane (Ngoolwane) or Ngolwane,
//. = ama-Ngqeshane.

urn or isi-Ngoma, n. 1. = is-Angoma.

ubu-Ngoma, n. Profession or power of
the above — see is-Angoma.

Ngomhlomunye, adv. On the day after
to-morrow (cp. ngomuso); ngomhlomu-
nye womunye umhlomunye = ngo-
mhlwane.

i(li)-Ngomhlomunye, n. The day after to-
morrow used thus only in a jocular
way.

Ngomhlwane, adv. On the day following
the day after to-morrow i. e. on the third
day from to-day (see ngomhlomunye))
ngomhlwane ngomhlwane, four days
ahead, on the fourth day from to-day.

Ngomuqa, adv. — see umn-Qa.

Ngomuso or Ngomso, adv. To-morrow;
some other day, another day, one of
these days. See umu-So.

Ex. kwati ngangomu&o sasuka sahamba,
on the morrow, we got up and left.

wocela kimi ngommo, ngikuncishe, you
will be asking of me to-morrow {i.e. some
other day), when I .shall refuse you.

ungakolwa nangomuso, don't have had
enough of it (i.e. continue on with it) also
on another day — the curious Native way
oi i hanking for a favour, by threatening the
generously disposed with still another visit!
i(li)-Ngomuso, n. The to-morrow -only
used in a playful way.

Ex. ingomuso Into leli siyal'axi, we know
this to-morrow of yours i which never comes ).

a m a - N go n go , // . am a- Ng </ 68 h a ne.

u-Ngongolozi (Ngoongolozi), n. An unu-
sually 'hard' person upon whom no
impression can be made, as an old wo-
man who 'won't die', or a stingy man

whom nothing can move; also some-
times for i-nGongolozl generally.

i-Ngongolozi, n. 3. — see i-nGongolozi.

Ngonya, v. = ndonya.

i-Ngonyama, n. 3. Lion = i-mBube, i(li)-
Bubesi [Her. o-ngeama; Hot. gamma],

Ngopo, ukuti (Ngbpho, ukuthi), v. = ngo-
poza.

Ngopoza (Ngophoza), v. Peck at a person
(ace.) i. e. deal him a blow on the head
with some pointed or horny instrument
= ngofoza.

u-Ngoqo, n. Kurrichane or South-African
Hemipode, or Button Quail ( Turnix
leptirana); a person of the lower classes
who doesn't appear at the royal kraal,
an inferior person, one of no conse-
quence, a nobody (cp. i(li)-Vuba; um-
Fokazana; u-Kukulelangoqo ).

Phr. u'sandhla si'ngoqo, a close-fisted per-
son, a mean cur — said of a very stingy,
niggardly person.

P. yeliungoqo ukuxaVisUumo, to think
that a common person should beget a court
favourite! — said in reference to a man, or
the good-fortune of his father, who, though
of low birth, has raised himself to a high
position.

u or i-Ngoso, n. 1. or 3. Two varieties of
shrew mouse, one regarded as an i-dhlo-
zi and the other (= isi-Cinini) not (cp.
i(li)-Gundane, i-mPuku); sometimes
used as i-Ngosivana [Bo. ngoswe, house-
rat; Ga. messe, rat].

u or i-Ngoswana, n. 3. Very tiny thing;
very small quantity = u-Ngozwana.

u-Ngoti (s.t.),n. Unusually smart, clever
i-Nyanga or professional of any kind,
who masters everything in his line.

Ngovivi, adv. By the morning twilight, at
dawn of day. See u(lu)-Vivi.

u(lu)-Ngoye or Ngoyekazana (s.k.),n.=
uiw-Andhlekazana.

u-Ngozo, n. = u-Ngoso.

Ngozololo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rest a mo-
ment, as a traveller, or person at work;
become stilled for a moment, as pain,
etc. = ukuti gozololo, ukuti nguzalala.

ama- Ngozololo (no sing), n. Frequent short
restings or pauses, in one's march, work,
pain, etc.; a dancing shuffling about of
children at play, with the arms tightly
bent on the body and the fists upon the
chest (with ukw-enza — (C.N.) ama-Go-
dololo ).

u-Ngozwana, n. = u-Ngosivana, u- Gozwana.

Ngqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be quite bright
witli light or illumination (so that ob-

NGQ 425

jects are clearly visible), as in a well- | i-Ngqambi, //. 3

lighted room, round about a large veldt-
fire, or a clearly explained affair (cp.

ukuti nye); do off at a stroke, as when

drinking off at a draught (= ukuti ngqa-

balazi), killing a buck (ace.) with a single

blow, or taking off the head of a thing

at a single sti-oke (= ukuti shwamba-

kaqa).
Ngqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Look at a person

(ace.) or thing steadily or attentively,

as a person at a speaker when an inter-
esting explanation is being given. Cp.

ukuti njo.
i-Ngqaba, n. 3. (C.N.) = i-nCweba.
Ngqabalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Drink off

anything (ace.) at a single draught =

ukuti ngqa, ukuti halakahla.

i-Ngqabanga, n. 3. See i-nOqabanga.

Ngqabashiya. v. — tshekula.

um-Ngqabe, n. 5. Certain bush-fern (Ence-
phalartos sp.), whose seed-vessel was
formerly used by children for snuff-
boxes = um-Panga.

Ngqabiti, ukuti (Ngqdbithi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti ngqibiti.

Ngqabita (Ngqabitha), v. = ngqibita.

i-Ngqabozi^. 3. See i-nGqabozi.

i-Ngqabulamikindiyami, n. 3. See i-nGqa-

bulamikindiyami.
um-Ngqaka (s. k.), n. 5. A doing in no time;

hence, without any exertion, making a

mere nothing of it (used only adver-
bially as below) = u-Mosho; cp. um-

Shubo. See ukuti ngqa.
Ex. abanye (abafana) kade beyiqomisa

(intombi); yena wayitata umngqaka (or ngom-

ngqaka), others (hoys) have been wooing

her (the girl) ever so long; he brought her

clown at once.

inyamaxane ingati ukudhlula, (ugibe) lube

seluyabamba ngomngqaka, when the buck

attempts to pass, the trap-rope will catch

it up immediately.
engweni umuntu umngqaka, to a leopard

a man is a mere nothing, a thing to be done

for in no time.
i-Ngqakangqaka, n. 3. See i-nGqakangqa-

ka.
i-Ngqakala, n. 3. See i-nGqakala.
i-Ngqala, n. 3. See i-nGqala.
i-Ngqalaba, n. 3. See i-nGqalaba.
i-Ngqalabuto, n. 3, See i-nGqalabutn.
Ngqalakasha (s. k.), v. = gqalakasha.
i-Ngqalamba, n. 3. See i-nGqalatnba.
i-Ngqalati, n.3. See i-nGqalati.
i-Ngqalizivele, n. 3. See i-nGqalizivele.

NGQ

See iriiGqambt.

i-Ngqamundi, a. 3. See irGqamundi.

u-Ngqamngqosho, //. An intractable, un-
ruly, obstinately perverse person < mostly
used of children). Cp. i-Ngqongqo.

i(li)-Ngqamuza, //. Large wtTlamvu q. v.
of any kind, as large protruding «•■
an unusually large berry or fruit, etc.

i-Ngqanati, n. 3. Sec i-nGqanuti.

i-Ngqanda, h. 3. See i-nGqanda.

i(li)-Ngqanga fbr in plur. ama-Ngqanga/ //.
Light curds of milk (not forming i iit< >
thick clearly separated clots), as of milk
when set in a basin or new calabash.
Cp. ama-Si. [Her. oma-kaude, curds].

i-Ngqangashi, n. 3. See i-nGqangcuhi.

i-Ngqangasi, n. 3. See i-nGqangasi.

i(li)-Ngqangqa, n. — i(li)-Gugu.

i-Ngqangqamatumba (Ngqangqama-
thumbha), n. 3. — u-Cwatibane.

um-Ngqangu, n. 5. Furrow, narrow groove
or channel, as made by rain washing
out a path, or a drilling plough in the
soil, or in the hair of Natives when
dressed in a certain way (not used of
wrinkles of forehead, etc.). Cp. itmu-
Nqa.

i-Ngqapeli, n. 3. See i-nGqapeli.

i-Ngqapunana, n. 3. See i-nGqapunana.

u-Ngqaqa, n. Smart, sharp-headed person,
'who knows how to explain an intricate
matter in a lucid manner'; also u-Nota.

i-Ngqaqabulani, n. 3. See i-nGqaqabulani.

i-Ngqaqululi, n. 3. See i-nGqaqululi.

Ngqasha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ngqcuha;
ngqashaza.

Ngqasha, v. 'Let fly' with the legs or
arms, kick or strike out, as might an
ox when thrown, or a man struggling
in last agony, or when unceremoniously
kicking a thing (ace) away or behind
in passing it.

Ngqashaza, v. Go kicking out the feet, as
a Native dandy showing off when walk-
ing down the street; go off in a similar
self-opinionated, unseemly manner of
speech, instead of replying courteously,
etc.

(li)-Ngqashiya, n. i(li)-Gqagqa.

-Ngqasundu, u.3. Sec i-nGqasundu.

-Ngqata, n. 3. See i-u< fqcUa.

-Ngqato, ii. 3. See i-i>G<i<it<>.

-Ngqatu, a. 3. See i-nGqatu.

-Ngqavula, //. -v. Sec i-nQqavula.

-Ngqavungqavu, n.:i. Seei-nQqavungqavu.

Ngqayi ngqayi, ukuti (ukuthi), V. Have a

NGQ

sharp tussle or mutual

426

of ;

NGQ

competition
any kind, as two men wrestling-, running
a race, or contesting their superiority of
power in any way (= ngqayisana);
strive energetically to restrain, check,
hold baric, etc., as a bullock (ace.) seek-
ing t<> ran away, people fighting, diar-
rhoea in a person, etc. (= ngqayiza ).

X.H. The word ngqayi! ngqayi! is <• mi-
lnonlv shouted to two goats engaged in con-
flict, in oriler to make them cease.
i-Ngqayingqayi, ?/. 3. A sharp contest, com-
petition, rival ry, tussle, etc.; commonly
applied by Native children to a 'running
match '.

Ex. as'enze vngqayingqayi! let us have
a race! — or one hoy might say to another,
after pointing out a goal, ngqayi ngqayi!
woz'ufike knqala! now tor a contest! see that
you get there first! — whereupon off they go.

Ngqayisana, v. Have a sharp contest, com-
petition, game of rivalry, tussle, etc., with
one another, as to see which may be
superior of the other, in any sense =
ukuti ngqayi ngqayi, ndntisana.

Ngqayiza, v. = ukuti ngqayi ngqayi.

Ngqazula, v. Lift up or raise any very
heavy thing (ace). Cp. fukula.

Ngqe, ukuti (uJcuthi),v. Go straightly or
straight forward, as a road; do straight-
ly, make go straight along, as when
cutting a piece of cloth (ace.) = ukuti
ngqo, ntse, etc.

Ngqe, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation of
the vowel), v. Give a scream, as one
suddenly pained (with kala); scream
out (continuously), as a child bawling.

Ngqebeleka (s. Jr.), v. Be in a cheerfully talk-
ative mood, be talking away in a mer-
ry, light way, as a person in a good
humour after a piece of luck, or stimu-
lated by drink (used in pert'.).

i-Ngqedamabele,?*. 3. See i-nGqedamabele.

Ngqelekeshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Be off

and away, as below.

Ex. rig'aneFtikuti naho-ke, was'eti ngqele-
keshe uBani, 1 had scarcely -aid, There you
e! when So-and-so was off and away (as

in a race).

/rati nyqelehc^hc, iraxhoiiu iiijasmi Lalaxi,
he was off and away, disappearing towards
the (JmlalazL
i-Ngqenge, n. 3. See i-nGqenge.

Ngqengqa, v. Go along on the edge, whe-
ther as a man walking along the edge
of a precipice, or a coin or plate rolling
along on its edge; be thoroughly clever,
skilful or dexterous (with hlakanipa).

Ngqepu, ukuti (Ngqephu, ukuthi), v. Lie

or recline on the back, as a person lying
prostrate, or standing with the back
resting against some slanting object, as
a Native hut.

i-Ngqepu, n. 3. See i-nGqepu.

u or i-nNgqeqe, n. 1. = i-nGqeqebula.

i-Ngqeqebula, n. 3. See i-nGqeqebula.

ama-Ngqeshane, n. A lying down on the
hack with the knees drawn up (with
enza, lala, etc.) = ama-Ngongo, ama-
Ngqola, ama-Ngolwane, um-Qoshamjrisi.

Ngqeshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ngqesheza.

ama-Ngqeshe, n. Jumps, leaps (C.N.). Cp.
ama-Gqanqu.

Ex. iv'eqa amangqeshe, he leaps up (C.N.).

Ngqesheza, v. Throw out the feet to right
and left when walking, as a young man
going ostentatiously along; or the legs
when dancing, as a man at the uku-giya
dance ; throw about rude talk in an un-
principled, unbridled manner.

u-Ngqe-etsheni (s.t.),n. = u-Ngqi.

NgqV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nqi.

Ngqi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Strike or knock
up against a thing forcibly or violently
(gen. with the head), collide with, as a
person running against a tree (with loc.
or ku), one goat against another when
fighting, or as the tree itself would
strike the colliding person = ngqila,
ukuti ngqu. See ngqilana; ngqileka.

u-Ngqi (last syll. accentuated,), n. used only
as below (from verb above).

Ex. uyakux'afike kwa'Ngqi, he will at
length get abruptly brought up in his evil
course so as to put a final stop on his doings,
he will meet his retribution eventually.

i-Ngqibi, n. 3. See i-nGqibi.
i-Ngqibingqibi, n. 3. See i-nGqibingqibi.

Ngqibita (Ngqibitha), v. Jump, spring,
or leap down, as from a tree or box,
to the ground. Cp. eqa; gancuka.

Ngqibiti, ukuti (Ngqibithi, ukuthi), v. =
ngqibita, ukuti ngqabiti.

u-Ngqi-etsheni (s. t.). n. = u-Ngqi.

NgqVki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Strike up
against violently, collide with, as a per-
son when running against a tree ( loc. =
ngqikika); make a thing (ace.) so collide
(= ngqikiza) = ukuti ngqi.

Ngqikika (s.k.),v. = ukuti ngqiki; ngqile-
ka.

i-Ngqikiti, n. 3. See i-nGqikiti.

Ngqikiza (s.k.), v. = ukuti ngqiki; ngqila.

Ngqila, v. = ukuti ngqi; (C.N) have inde-
cent intercourse with a girl, as a young

lad not fully

grown.

NGQ

427

NGQ

Ngqilana, v. Strike forcibly up against or

collide with one another ngqulana,
See ukuti n</</i.

Ngqileka (s. k.), v. Get to strike up against
or collide with; get struck up against
or collided with ngq ulcku ; ntjqikika.
See ukuti '/</'//'■

u or u(lu)-Ngqimba (Nqqitnbha), n. 1. or 6.
Any very thick, massive, layer-like tiling
of length, as the hide of a buffalo, :i
very thick board, clouds rising in thick
extended banks, a crowd of people ex-
tended in deep file, a thick layer of
cream on set-milk; freq. used in plur.
izi-Ngqimbangqimba, mass upon mass,
thick layer upon layer, etc.

i-Ngqimba, n. 3. See i-nGq'oubu.

u-Ngqimupotwe or Ngqimpotwe (Ngqimu-
phothwe or Ngqimphothwe), u. A stand-
ing on the head, as played by children
(with enzd) = u-Gomonqo.

i-Ngqinamba, n. 3. See i-nGqinamba.

i-Ngqinisela, n. 3. See i-nGqinisela.

um-Ngqiti (Ngqithi), n. 5. Ivori Bustard
(Eupodoiis kori). Cp. i(li)-Seme.

i-Ngqiwa, n. 3. See i-nGqiuHi.

Ngqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngqe; also

ukuti ngqo ngqo.
i-Ngqobe, n. 3. See i-nGqobe.
i-Ngqobo, n. 3. See i-nGqobo.

Ngqofa, v. Attack ferociously, as a leopard
might a man (ace.), or (metaphor.) as
one enraged man another when fighting,
or with words = hamfuza.

i(li)-Ngqofa, n. Ferocious animal or man,
as above — isi-Hamfu.

i - Ngqofa, n. 3. See i-nGqofa.

Ngqofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngofo.

isi-Ngqofongqofo, n. Snappish, cross-tem-
pered person, given to turning on one
sharply with angry, 'hen-pecking' talk.

Ngqofoza, v. = ngofoza.

ama-Ngqola ('seldom in sing.,), n. Any great,
puffed-up mass, as of white cloud
in the sky, mould lying thick on the
walls of a mealie-pit, froth risen high
on milk or beer, or (by conipar.) the
white 'cloud-like' masses of suet (= u-
(tu)-Xwali) in different parts of an ani-
mal's body (= ama-Nkonkowane); also
= ama-Ngqesharie.

i-Ngqolokosho, u.3. See i-nGqolokosho.

i(li)-Ngqomfi, n. = i(li)-Nqomti.

i-Ngqondo, it. 3. See i-nGqondo.

isi-Ngqondo, >i. = is-Angqondo.

Ngqongqa, v. Get well or thoroughly

cooked, so as to he nice eating, a- any

food ( used in perl ).
Ngqo ngqo, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ngqo-

ngqota, ngqongqoza.
i-Ngqongqo, //. .7. Any person wlio has

quite go1 the mastery over "tie

as to he the cock ill the rOOSt, a :i

woman who is the master over the man
in a kraal, or a hoy who is master
among his companions. See ngqongqoza.
u or i-Ngqongqoshe, //. 1. or 3. The 'cock'
among the others of Ins class, who by
rank or conquest has become the master
among them, as above.

Ngqongqota (Ngqongqotha),v. >/;/</■•-

ngqoza.

Ngqongqoza,?'. Rap, tap, as with the
points of the fingers on a door (loc.)
or with a stick on the floor; he the
master or 'cock' over, as a woman over
the husband (ace.) in a family, or one
boy over another of his set from the
common practice of a hoy rapping con-
temptuously with his stick on the head
of any other hoy whom he has thorough-
ly beaten in fighting or over whom
he assumes superiority.

Phr. ngqo! n<j<i>>'. 'mfana, ngiyakwalilula;
hainba, uyongikelela amanxi /"/<" kungakali
'selc (i.e. elwandhle), — commonly said in
Zululand by a big boy bullying one -mailer
than himself.

u-Ngqoqwane, n. Frost = isi-Tin it //•</, >/-
Ngqweqwane.

i-Ngqorrolo, n 3. See i-nGqorrolo.

Ngqosho, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Ue completely
finished, as food-supplies, money, etc;
completely finish or make an rm\ of, as
before = ukuti swaca.

i-Ngqoshololo, n. 3. See i-nGqoshololo.

i-Ngqoto (Ngqotho), n. 3. Seei-nGqoto;
(C.N.) a tapping on the head, by way
of a challenge (see ngqongqoza); a de-
cisively, masterly word or act, that puts
an end to further contest.

Ex. ukwenxa ingqoto, t-. give a challi
as above i N l.

N.B. fn Zululand, a hoy would not Bay,
as in Natal, nantsi ingqoto yam*; ini>/<ii/i-
nikini!, hut ngqo! ngqo! 'mfana! ngiya-
kwalilula! at the same time rapping the hoy
challenged with his stick on the head.

Ngqotula^V//7o/A///r/y, r. intensified form
Of riCOtula] hence, pull out or draw out

with might or force, anything coming

forth more or less smoothly, as a per-
son's tooth (ace.) with the forceps, a
nail from a plank, or a slake from the

NGQ 428

u(lu)- Ngqoyi ngqoyi, n. Any delicious food |
— ul-Ovela, u(lu)-Xqek'ete.

X.B. Sm:vll girls, when out alone and
seeing n boy. frequently call out to him in
a singing manner, Ngqoyi! ngqoyi! hu'ma-
ntombaxana ; ufuna-ni ku'vnantombaxana? —
tliese words being; intended as an enticement
to him to come for sexual purposes. See
u(lu)-Gqoyi.

i(ti)-Ngqoza, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Qude.

i-Ngqoza, n. 3. See i-nGqoza.

Ngqu, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation
of the vowel;, v. Be all white = ukuti hu.

Ngqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Put forth, throw
forth, pour forth bodily or all together,
as water (ace.) from a bucket, porridge
from a dish, or as a field bursting out
into flower all over at once (— tela
Jcanye); also = ukuti ngqi. See ukuti
ngqu ngqu.

Phr. iskumi waliti ngqu, he made up a
full teu at a go.

i-Ngquba, n. 3. See i-nGquba.

i-Ngqubu, n. 3. See i-nGqubu.

Ngqubuza, v. (C.N.) = gqubuza; see nqu-
buza.

i-Ngqudulu, n. 3. See i-nGqudulu.

i-Ngqukumba, n. 3. i-nGqukumba.

u-Ngqukumbana (Ngqukumbhana), n. — u-
Som bung ana.

i-Ngqukumbana, n. 3. See i-nGqukumbana.

i-Ngqukuqa, n. 3. See i-nGqukuqa.

Ngquleka (s.k.),v. — ngqileka.

i-Ngqulwane, n. 3. See i-nGqulwane.

i-Ngquma, n. 3. See i-nGquma.

isi-Ngquma, n. = isi-Coto.

u-Ngqumbeyana (Ngqumbheyana), n. = u-
Sombungana.

i - N gq u m b i , n. 3. See i-n Gqumbi.

Ngqumbu, ukuti (Xgqumbhu, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti gquinbu.

i-Ngqumelo, n. 3. See i-nGqumelo.

i-Ngqumu, n. 3. See i-nGqumu.

i-Ngqumunga, n. 3. See i-nGqumunga.

Ngqumuza, r. Grind up in the mouth
mealie-grains (ace.) or similar hard food
that cracks with a dull sound between
the teeth; (C.N.) plot secretly.

i-Ngqunda, n. 3. See i-nGqunda.

i-nNgqunge, v. .','. See i-nGqunge.

Ngqu ngqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go repeat-
edly knocking one's head against a
thing i. e. get brought up in one's efforts,
'in anything without attaining success,
as when searching everywhere about
for a person <>r thing but in vain, run-

NGQ

ning off to a store to find that what one
wants is not there, digging about here
and there for potatoes in a field without
finding them, etc.
i-Ngqungqu, n. 3. See i-nGqungqu.

i-Ngqungqulu,w. 3. Batelcur's or the Tum-
bler Eagle { Helot arsus ecaudatus) —
i-nDhlazanyoni.

Ngqungquza, v. = ukuti ngqu ngqu; also
= ququza.

isi-Ngqungu, n. = isi-Tuli.

um-Ngqupane (Ngquphane), n. 5. Red-wing-
ed Bush Shrike ( Telophonus Senegalus ) ;
also = isi-Newayimbana.

Ngqupu, ukuti (Ngquphu, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti ngqi.

Ngqupuza (Ngquplmza), v. Make come
'bang' up against or into violent colli-
sion with.

Ex. naxi iximbuxi xingqupuxana ngama-
Icanda, there are the goats banging their
heads together (when fighting).

Ngqupuzeka (Ngquphuzeka), v. = ngqileka.

i-Ngqushumbana, n. 3. See i-nGqushu-
mbana.

ama or i-Ngqutu (Ngquthu), n. 3. Beard
of a man when growing in a thick en-
tangled 'basket-like' mass round the
chin.

i-Ngqutu, n. 3. See i-nGqutu.

i-Ngquza. n. 3. See i-nOquza.

Ngquzu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ngquzuka.

Ngquzuka (s.k.),v. Burst out or up sud-
denly or all together, as a crowd of
people or cattle in a kraal suddenly
rising up together from the ground, or
a simultaneous bursting forth of shout-
ing, crying, etc.

Ngquzula, v. Make so to rise up all to-
gether, as above.

Ngqwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take off at a
single go, by a single blow, as a bird
(ace), buck, etc.

i-Ngqwamasi, n. 3. See i-nGqwamasi.

Ngqwamba (Ngqwambha),v. (C.N.) =
eyeka.

i-Ngqwana, n. 3. See i-ndqwana.

Ngqwanda, v. Sit or stand perfectly silent
and still with eyes fixed on space, as it
were, as when' a person is thinking
deeply to himself (a practice so un-
common with the Natives as to attract
surprise)— used in perf.

i-Ngqwanga, n. 3. See i-nGqwanga.

i-Ngqwangane, n. 3. See i-nGqwangane.

i-Ngqwangayiya, n. 3. See i-nGqwangayiyu.

NGQ 429

i-Ngqwangi, n. 3. See i-nQqwangi.
i-Ngqwangqwa, n. 3. Sec i-nGqwangqwa.
u-Ngqwashi, n. = u-Mangqwashi.

Ngqwata (Ngqwatha), v. Look or stare in
a lost, vacant manner, merely fixing the
eyes emptily upon anything or upon
space, as an idiotic person, one in de-
lirium, or a person gazing at an object
which is quite unintelligible to him
(used in perf.).

Ex. uloku engqwata amehlo, he just keeps
fixedly staring with the eyes.

Ngqwata, ukuti (Ngqwatha, ukuthi — with
prolongation of the final sylLJ, v. Stare
or look out fixedly from great open
eyes, as above.

Ngqwataza (Ngqwathaza), v. = ngqwata.

isi-Ngqwataza (Ngqwathaza), n. Large, full
eye (not protruding — see i-mPeuqe), as
of an owl ; such full-eyed person.

u(lu)-Ngqwazimba (Ngq wazimbha), n. Tall,

robust, stoutly built person.
i-Ngqwele, n. 3. See i-nGqwele.
u(lu)-Ngqweqwane, n. = u(lu)-Ngqoqwane.
isi-Ngqwindi, n. = i-nJinga.

Ngu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Give forth a dull,
booming noise, as a drum, or the chest
when struck; strike a thing (ace.) so
that it give forth such a sound, as a
drum, or person's chest.

umu-Ngu (no plur.),n.o. Fine dust which
flies off from Kafir-corn when threshed
or sifted, and is itchy to the body [Sw.
unga, flour].

i-Ngubuxa (Ngubhuxa), n.3. An immense,
'bulged out' belly, as of a woman in
child = i(li)-Ngumbuxa. Cp. i(li)-Qaga.

u-Ngubo-ziyeweni, n. Very old man who
cannot live long (lit. one whose blanket
is going off to the abyss i. e. the grave,
it being always buried with the owner).

isi-Ngubungubu, n. Daft, silly person; a
noodle = isi-N ting anting ane.

u-Ngulazibuya, n. Month beginning about
or after the middle of March, and next
following um-Baso = ti-Ndida.

i(li)-Ngumbe, Ngumbi or Ngumbu (Ngu-
mbhe, etc.,), n. Big scooping or hollowing
out at the side, as in a mealie-pit when
digging far into the sides, or a river-
bank where the earth has been washed
out, or as the bulging sides of a hut
or oval-shaped pot, or peninsula of land
projecting into a river, as it were, where
it bends back sharply upon itself = i(li)-
Ngumbuxa; i(li)-Gumbi. See gumba.

Ex. isitsha esi'mangumbu, an oval-shaped
vessel, bulged broadly out ou each side.

NGU

iaisu esi'mangumbu, a l>i^ hHly tome-
what broadly Battened in front so n« to
bulge at the Hides.

Phr. n'li/i'/l.ii engwnjini! he got caught in
a corner thinking he bad crossed the river,
hut now finding himself enclosed betw<
two) — he has got caught in a trap, in a
hole. See u-Sogerre.

u-Ngumbuxa (Ngumbhuxa), n. Person, or
animal, with a big 'bulge' of a belly, as
above —see i-Ngubuxa.

i(li)-Ngumbuxa (Ngumbhuxa), n. i(li)-
Ngumbu.

u-Nguna, n. Any very ancient thing', or

thing whitdi by its hardness <>r dura-
bility of nature will live or last for an
immensely long time a name applied
to a very hardy old person who never
seems to die, an unusually strongly-
built hut, or a strong pot that has lasted
a remarkably long time = u-Ngunafa,
u-Ngunapakade.

Ex. wahlala unguna (ur waba unguna),
he lived or lasted for an immensely long
time (before dying).

i-Nguna, n. 3. = u-Nguna.

u-Ngunafa or Ngunafe, n. = u-Nguna.

u-Ngunapakade (Ngunaphakade), n. — u-
Nguna.

ama-Ngungu (no sing.),n. Aflat-topped,
broad-shouldered shape given to a
grass-basket or earthen-pot, with only
a small opening as mouth at the top
— isi-Ngungu. Cp. i(li)-Ngumbu; cita;
buya.

Ex. isiislia esi'mongungu, a flat-topped,
broad-shouldered pot with a small contract-
ed mouth.

i-Ngungu, n. 3. Native drum, formed by
stretching a piece of goat-skin over the
mouth of an i-mBiza or large earthen-
pot, and played by tapping with the
hand to the accompaniment of some
song [Cong, chirngongo, bellj.

P. ingungu yaleyo'ntombi kayikali, the
menstruation-drum of that girl doesn't play
well Baid in ridicule of a girl who ha-
had much to d<> with courting young men
(C.N.).

N.R This musical instrument was for-
merly used in Zululand at the first men-
struation of a girl. Since the Zulu Way.
however, it lias almost completely (alien into
disuse, and is now scarcely known to young
girls.

isi-Ngungu,/;. Any kind of ronnd-pol or
basket having abroad, flattish top, and
bulging sides somewhat like the drum
above isi-Nkunku, Cp. iri-Qvbudu;
i(li)-Ngumbu.

NGU

i-Ngungumbane (Ngungumbhane), n. 3. Por-
cupine (perhaps from its grunting cry)
= um-Fasazana. Cp. i-Nungu [Sw.
nungu; Ga. namaiiuvgu; Her. o-mba-
kata; Yan. nkake].

N. B. The Natives, women particularly,
have a superstitious fear of calling this ani-
mal by its propei name, preferring to speak
of it endearingly as the um-Faxaxana or little
woman, otherwise it might become angered
and commit unusual ravages in their fields.
This superstition has a curious resemblance
to that of the Greeks who, lest evil con-
sequences result, called the Furies the 'kind-
ly goddesses'!

i-Ngungumela, n. 3. Person with conspic-
uously broad and square shoulders (re-
sembling in appearance the isi-Ngungu
or isi-Chubudii basket); hence, name
sometimes given to a broad-brimmed
helmet; also = i-Ngungununu.

i-Ngungununu, ?i. 3. Morose, surly-temper-
ed person, who never laughs, only
-runts' at everything (the word being,
like i-Ngungu and i-Ngungumbane,
perhaps onomatopoeic) = i-Ngununu-
ndu, isi-Jinini. Cp. u(lu)-Kutu.

um-Nguni, ;>. /. Name by which the Tongas
call a Zulu-Kafir, hence occasionally
adopted by these latter themselves -
the word is also the isitakazo of the
Emanzimeleni tribe.

ubu-Nguni floe. ebu-Nguni), n. The country
or nation of the aba-Nguni.

i-Ngununundu, n. 3. = i-Ngungununu.

um-Ngupane (Nguphane), n.5. = isi-Ncwa-
l/imbana.

u-Nguqunguqu, n. Person who is given to
changing (see guqula) his word, state-
ment or plans, to-day saying one thing,
to-morrow another.

ama-Nguxu (no sing.),n. Bulgings-out at
the sides — used adjectively of an oval-
shaped pot, or some people's belly.

Nguzalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = uktiti ngo-
zololo.

u-Ngwaleni, n. Certain plant, used as an
i-nTelezi.

ama-Ngwambu (Ngwambhu — no sing.,), n.
A preliminary mouthful or snack of food
which one might take alone before the
formal meal, as a woman taking a little
for herself from the cooking-pot, or a
milk-boy sucking from the cow the first
mouthfuls of milk before milking into
the pail (with uku-dhla, etc.).

i-Ngwangwa, v. 3. see i-nGivangwa.

ama-Ngwe (no 8ing.),n. Certain large bush,
whose poisonous roots, of which there

430 NGX

are three kinds, white, red and black,
are used for uku-lakata and are said
to cause the disease of mna-Nxeba (prob.
intercostal neuralgia, pleurisy, etc.) ; such
disease itself.

N.B. The manner of administering this
poison is as follows: — umtakati awupeke
umttti odengexini, awuncinde, agcobc ngawo
imikonto emibili; ab'es'cgiposa lego'iiiikonto
ngakuye lowo'munfu atand' ukumbulala, cmga-
be esabeka ngakona; lowo'muntu ab'es'efa
njalo amanxeba nokukweldela.

u(lu)-Ngwengwe, n. Two kinds of soft run-
ning-grass (cp. u-Madolwana ) ; thick
scum coating the tongue in certain dis-
eases (cp. ama-Lovula).

u(lu)-Ngwengwezi, n. Slight coating or thin
obscuring layer of any foreign body
spread over the surface of a thing, as
of dust upon a table, dirt upon a window-
pane, or oily scum covering the surface
of stagnant or dish water.

i-Ngxabalazi, n. 3. See i-nGxabalazi.

i-Ngxabangxoza, n. 3. See i-nGxabangxo-
za.

i-Ngxabano, n. 3. See i-nGxabano.

i-Ngxabo, n. 3. See i-nGxabo.

I-Ngxakangxaka, n. 3. See i-nGxakangxaka.

i-Ngxakula, n. 3. See i-nGxakula.

Ngxambu, ukuti (Ngxambhu ukuthi), v. =
ukuti gxambu.

Ngxangaza, v. Get ready or make pre-
parations for doing anything (ace. with
ela form), as a person dressing for a
ball,' packing for a journey, getting in
readiness the grass or other material
for any work about to be commenced.

i-Ngxangxa, n. 3. See i-nGxangxa.

i(li)-Ngxapepa (Ngxaphepha), n. = i(li)-
Nxepepa.

i-Ngxatu, n. 3. See i-nGxatu.

i-Ngxavula, n. 3. See i-nGxavula.

i-Ngxembe, n. 3. See i-nGxembe.

i-Ngxemu, n. 3. See i-nGxemu.

Ngxepe (Ngxephe), int. = nxepe.

Ngxepepa (Ngxephepha), int. — nxepe.

i(li)-Ngxepepa (Ngxephepha), n. = i(li)-
Nxepepa.

Ngxepezela (Ngxephezela), v. = nxepezela.

isi-Ngxepezelo (Ngxephezelo), n. = isi-Nxc-
pezelo.

i-Ngxepu, n. 3. See i-nGxepu.

Ngxese, int. = nxepe.

Ngxesezela, v. = nxepezela.

NgxV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fix firmly or tight-
ly, in a close-sticking way, by suction,

NGX

etc., as a doe fixing its teeth (ace.) firm-
ly in one's flesh, a soft basket when
one presses it firmly down over the
month of a pot so as to cling to it tight-
ly, or (by comparison) a cloth-covering
when binding it closely and firmly over
a heap of goods (= ngxinya); get so
fixed firmly, tightly or closely.

i-Ngxi, n. 3. See i-nGxi.
i-Ngxibilili, n. 3. See i-nGxibilili.
i-Ngxibingxibi, n. 3. See i-nGxibingxibi.
i-Ngxibongo, n. 3. See i-nGxibongo.
i-Ngxikilili, n. 3. See i-nGxikilili.
Ngxinya,?>. = ukiiti ngxi.
i-Ngxobongo, n. 3. See i-nGxobongo.
i-Ngxoko, ii. 3. See i-nGxoko.

isi or i-Ngxoko (s.k.)n.o. Small wigwam-
like structure made of grass or reeds
stood on end and bound together at the
top, and used for storing grain within
the kraals. = i(U)-Zele. Cp. i-nGonia;
i-nQolobana.

i-Ngxola, ii. 3. See i-nGxola.

i-Ngxota, n. 3. See i-nGxota.

i-Ngxoto, n. 3. See i-nGxoto.

Ngxotoza (Ngxothoza), v. = nxotoza.

i-Ngxovangxova, n. 3. See i-nGxovangxova.

i-Ngxoviya, n. 3. See i-nGxoviya.

i-Ngxwele, n. 3. See i-nGxwcle.

i-Ngxwembe, n. 3. See i-nGxwembe.

Nhinhiza fthe sound here is a nasalized
h), v. Say or grunt the sound nhi! , as
a Native when wishing to express indig-
nation, contemptuous sarcasm, etc., at
any word or action ; speak lowly to one-
self or grumble, as when indignant at
something done (cp. vungama).

Words beginning tvith Nhl (old style)
will be found entered under Ntl.

Ni, pers.pron. You (nom. and ace.). See

ngi, etc.
Ni, interr.pron. What? sometimes, with
neg., equivalent to 'anything' or nothing;
also used in conjunction with pronominal
particle to express 'what kind of?'
[MZT. nzi; Chw. ng; Her. vi; Ga. ki;
Sw. pi; Ha. mi, Bar. nyo\.

Ex. umidi muni wona lu? what tree (or
medicine) is this?

umuti want wona lo? what is this medicine
for i. e. for what use ?

Kinjiti-iti, I say nothing.

anyifuna-wi '■; ngifuna ukukuluma ulcupela,
I don't want anything; I merely want to
say something.

431 NI

Him-ni' what's wrong with him? what
the matter with him '.'

kaknna-nif it's no matter, it'- ol no con
quence-

a.s'ir.i ukufa mini, we don't know whether
it is Bicknesa or what.

ni/'iiii naye na? whal relation are you to
him ?

Nika (s. /;■.), v. Give (i.e. merely deliver
Or hand over to, not bestow upon
see pa,), as a person giving any article
(ace.) to another, a chief giving a law
or establishing a custom [Skr. da; Goth.
giban; Ga. gubba; Kamb. nenga; Sha.
Ngu. Kag. etc. inka; Sw. meka; [bo.
nye].

Tin-, wabanifca izinja utke, be set his dogs
on to them.

intlix/iyo iyanginika ukuba ng'enxe ukuti,
my heart inclines me t<> d<> so-and-so.

umuxi ka'Sibani woivunika le'nyalo for
les'iscmdhla), you must leave the kraal of
So-and-so on this arm \ or hand i - Bhowing
which by a motion.

um-Nikazi (s.k.),n.l. inn-Xini.

Nikela (s.k.), v. Give to or for; es] tally,

bring the calf to the cow, that it may
suck before milking.

Ex. hamba uyinikele unina inkonyane, ur,»
and take the calf to its mother (that it may
suck ).

um-Nikelo (s. k.), n. 5. Thing given for;

hence, contribution, offering (M).

Nikeza (s.k.), v. Hand a person something
(doub. ace), pass a thing to him, as
from one part of the table to another,
or as in hut-building the one outside
passes in the binding-cord to the one
inside; give or suggesl to a person
words (doub. ace.), prompt him, as
when assisting him to defend himself.
to know what to reply, at a trial, etc.
(cp. hlafunela; funzelela ).

Ex. lawa'maxwi wawanikexwa uba? who
was it that put these words into his mouth
or mind?
Nikezela (s.k.),r. Hand over something
to a person for a purpose, etc.

Ex. anonikexelana pela, you will of course
pass it i a pot of beer, etc. round from
one to the other.

hmiil,r;i liiim ngendaba, they passed the
story on from one to the other.
Niki, ukuti (ukuthi; S. k.), V. Be all about
in every direction, be numerously about
on all sides, a> people arriving from all
sid.'s for a least, or dispersing off in
all directions, or numerously about work-
ing all over a field or kraal, or articles

Nl

about on all sides in a hut — ukuti
nikilili. Cp. ukuti fitilili.

Nikilili, ukuti (nkuthi ; s.k.),v. = ukuti ni-
ki.

Nikina (s. k.), v. Shake or make shake about
gently, as one might a coat or hand-
kerchief (ace.) or door-mat holding
it with one hand and so that any loose
particles may tall off (not to shake a
thing violently with both hands — bu-
nt ufa ; or to shake it about in a 'worry-
ing ' manner = nqatuzisa ), or as a man
his head when gently refusing or deny

a thing; shake off, as
coat

the
or

particles
door-mat

(ace), etc., from the

above. Cp. nikiza.
Ex. nikina ixibi ekanda lame, shake off

the bits of grass from your head.

uku-xi-nikina, to shake itself, as a wet

dog or a horse.
i(|i)-Nikinikana (s. k.), n. Untidy, slovenly,

'ragged' fellow, who can't dress himself

or keep his place neatly.
ama-NYkiniki (s. k. — no sing.), n. 'Shaking-

about bits, ' tatters, rags, applied to any

torn garment = ama-Dhlejmdhlepu,

ama-Dhlavudhlavit, ama-Nabunabu.

Nikiza (s.k.),v. Pull shakingly about, tear
about with a shaking movement, as a
puppy-dog a piece of rag (ace), or a dog-
ravenously pulling about the flesh of its
prey (the object not being so violently
thrown about on all sides as with nqa-
tuzisa. Cp. nikina); also = ukuti niki.

i-Nimba (Nimbha), n. 3. Beginning of la-
bour-pains (C.N. fr. Xo.). Cp. imi-Siko.
[Sw. Bo. mimba, fetus].

Nina, v. Prevent, hinder, in any way, as
a wall (ace.) from falling by propping
it, a person from approaching, or cattle
from entering a field (= vimbela, tiya);
(C.N.) strike far off, at a distance.

Ex. ngmmiwe umsebenxi, I have been
prevented by work.

Nina, emph. pron. Ye or you (nom. or
ace. plur).

Ex. nyisho nina, I mean you.

u-Nina, //. His, her, its or their mother;
mother-plant, mother-stalk, as of pump-
kins, etc., upon which they grow; large
under grinding-stone of Natives (the
small round stone held in the hand for
crushing being called the um-Ntivana
or child) [Gm nina; Her. ina; Kag.
nyina; Sha. nine; Bo. nwinwi; Adam.
nutoe; Mon. Sa. na; Ak. auja; Bush.
no].

Phr. Manga sdangma kimma, the sun has
dow gone down to its mother i.e. has set.

432 Nl

ixihlangu sexanikwa onina or ononina ba-

xo for sezimi ngononina baxo), the shields
have now been given or fitted with their
back-sticks (or, already stand fitted with
their back-sticks).

iximpahla lexi woxibuyisela ngononina ba-
xo, you shall return these articles (tools, etc.)
to their places, each to its own place (if it
is a siugle article the form ngonina or ngo-
nina wayo is more frequently used). Cp,
/(li)-Nana.

kulo'vnsebenxi kuya ngaononina, in this
work it goes by places, each one having his
proper time or turn.

yabamisa ngononina. he ^the induna)
placed them out or arranged them (may-be
au army, dancing-party, or hunt) according
to their respective places, parties, etc. [Sw.
namna, a ina, class, sort; Her. e-na, class].

i(li)-Nina, n. Woman (properly, married).

isi-Nina, n. Either of the central points on
each side of a Native hut (not the back

— see u(lu)-Findo ) from which the arch-
ing of the side-wattles in the frame-work
is commenced. Cp. i(li)-Kotamo.

u-Ninakazi (s.k.),n. used for u-Mamekazi
q. v. in the 3rd. pers. sing, or plur — his,
her, its or their.

u-Ninakulu (Ninakhulu), n. used for u-
Mamekulu q. v. in the 3rd. pers. sing
or plur. — his, her, its or their.

u-Ninalume.M. used in Natal for u-Malu-
me q. v. in the 3rd. pers. sing, or plur.

— his, her, its or their.
u-Ninazala, n. used for u-Mamezala q. v.

in the 3rd. pers. sing, or plur. — his,
her, its or their.
Ninda, v. Soil, sully, stain, daub, affix dirt
to a thing (ace.) in any way, as when
smearing a book with ink, a seat with
paint, or a dress with mud, or (metaphor.)
sully the good name of a person (ace.)
by some evil charge. Cp. nemba; ngco-
lisa [Her. zunda, soil; tunda, blemish;
Bo. nongo, stain; Mamb. dinda, dirty].
Ex. mils' ukungi ninda. nyesijingi leso, don't
dirty or bedaub me with porridge (on your
dirty fingers) — as might be said to a child.

Nmde or NVndi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be very
thick or compact, densely close or inter-
woven together, as bush or trees in a
forest, crops in a field so that one can-
not pass through, running-grass thickly
overgrowing the land or hair thickly
overgrowing a man's face or body so
that one cannot see the earth or body
beneath. See isi-Nindolo [Sw. Ga. nene,
dense; Her. tindi, thick, not thin].

isi-Nindolo, n. Anything thick or densely
packed or standing together, as above;

Nl

433

NJA

person with very hairy face or body =
isi-Niningolo.

Ninga, v. Be fidgetting in one's mind, be
excessively uneasy or concerned about
trifles, be timid about doing a thing or
about a person, as when a person
hesitates unduly about completing a
purchase in a store, or as to whether
he shall cross a flooded river or not,
or as to the safety of a friend on a
somewhat dangerous journey; (C.N.)
speak many words about a matter (cp.
ningiliza) [prob. akin to ningi].

Ex. shcsha uyitenge, funa itatwe omunye
usalibele ukuninga, be quick and buy it,
lest it be taken by another, while you are
still dilly-dallying with fidgety hesitation.

ngiyamningela uBani, u/cuba abulawe
empini, I aru nervous about So-and-so, that
he may get killed in the war.

Ningana, adj. Rather much or many —
dim. of ningi.

Ningi, adj. Much; many; numerous; plenti-
ful, abundant; often equivalent to 'suf-
ficient, enough.' See mningi [Sw. Nya.
Her. ingi; Ga. ngi; Ya. jinji; Fe. nke-
nke; Mpo. yenge; Mai. banak, many].
Ex. kuningi loko, that is enough.
kuningi Li mi uma kusho wena, it is suf-
ficient for me if you say so.

Phr, kubi umuntu abe mningi ekwendeni,
abe mningi ekuya, it is bad for a person to
be half with those where she has married
and half with the home people ( whom she
has left )— instead of being wholly attached
to her uew home.

i(li)-Ningi, n. The most, greater part,
majority, as of people or things = i-
m Varna.

Ex. iningi labo bayafa, the most of them
die.

um-Ningi, n. 5. The ignis fatuus or will-
o-the-wisp (phosphoric light emanating
from putrefying matter) — supposed to
be a multi-headed snake = u-Mningi.

ubu-Ningi.w. Muchness or maniness of a
thing, quantity, number, abundance, etc.

Ningiliza, v. Go 'largely' or minutely over
any matter, whether when thinking or
talking, considering it in all its manifold
parts and details. See imi-Niningo.

Nmginingi, adj. intensified form of Ningi
with generally a thought of being 'about
in all directions, of all kinds', etc.

Ex. indhlu igewele ixinto exininginingi,
the house (or store) is full of an immense
number of all kinds of things, all about the
place.

i-Ningizimu, n. 3. South-west wind (cp. i-
Nyakato; um-Zantsi; i(li)-Shisandhlu);

(N) certain veldt-herb having a Qower
somewhat resembling a pink.

i-Ningo, n. ,'i. Small erection of clay on a
Native forge-hearth with a channel
through the centre for holding the noz-
zles of the couple of bellows; the torge,
generally (= isi-Ta n<l<> ). Cp. i(li)-Lala,
um-Tonga.

isi-Ningo, n. Deep narrow hole or passage
into the ground | perhaps a yard Ion
made by ants = um-Hlome. Cp. isi-./i.

N\n\,adv. When? Cp. lapo; uma [Sw.
lint; Bo. ini; MZT. lilt; Chw. ling; Ga.
di; Her. rune].

Ex. kwakunininini, it was ever so long

yHloku kwaba unit, from the beginning,
since olden times, for ever so long.

kunini uhlexi lapa! it is how long now,
i.e. it is ever so long, yon have been -itting
here.

wakula kwanini, 'band/da! dear me! it
(the plant) grew up, when was it, i.e. how-
soon it has grown.

um-Nini.w. 1. Owner, proprietor, of any-
thing (used as below in conjunction
with noun or pronominal particle = um-
Nikazi); (N.) = um-Neaka [Her. omu-
ini, owner; Ujiji. muini, lord; Sw.
mivenyeji, owner; Ga. nimicho; Ef.
nyene].

Ex. umninilo uba? who is the owner of
it (the horse)? umniniso uba ('of the vessel
or isi-Tsha), umniniyo uba (of the house
or i-nDhlu), and so on with the proper suf-
fix through all the classes of nouns.

nangu umnini'hashi, here is the owner of
the horse; nangu umnini'sitsha; nangu
umnini'ndhlu, etc.

um-ninimuxi, the kraal-owner.

umninimina, umniniwena, umniniyena,
lonninitina, etc. (instead of umninimi,
etc.), my owner or master, etc., although to
such a person Native subjects more general-
ly apply the title u-baba i my father i, u-yi-
hlo, itryise.
imi-Niningo or Niningwane (no sing.), n.
Numerous small points, details, par-
ticulars, as of any occurrence, narrative,
dispute, work, ceremony, etc. See ni-
ngiliza.
isi-Niningolo, n. = isi-Xindolo.

Nja, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Lie stretched oul
at full length in a loose, strengthless
way, as a man or beast when thorough-
ly exhausted, insensible, etc. Cp. naoa-

id I a; ukuti twishi.
ubu-Nja, n. — see uf>u-nJa.
Njalo, adv. So, thus, in this manner, in

this way ; always, ever, continually, all

2»»

NJA

434

NKA

along; thereupon, then, in that way,
accordingly [Chw. jalo; Ga bidli jo,
every day", always; Her. nao, so; kara
po, continually].

Ex. kimjcdo nje, so it is (after relating
some event).

kunjalo nje (or kusenjalo nje), it is just
the same (as the unchanged state of a sick
person).

washo njalo, he said so, or spoke in that way.
styay'esaba njalo impi, we are always in
fear of fighting.

wohamba njalo ngalowo'mgwaqo, you shall
go along continually by that road, etc.

wox'ubone njalo uma sehdungile, you will
(Mine then to see or understand, when every-
thing is already in order.

s'estika njalo, waya'kwmxa akutsheli-
weyo, he accordingly got up and went off to
do what he had been told.

kunjalo njalo, angisamboni, and so it goes
on, I don't even see him anymore.
Njani, adv. How? in what manner, how
[Her. nai, vi, how; Sw. je, gani; Ga.
ki; Ang. anyi].
Ex. ktoenke njani? what's the matter?
ngikohliwe nje ukuti kwenziwa kanjani, I
have just forgotten how it is done.

kunjani ukufa namhlanje? Qa! kakunjani,
bow is the illness to-day? No; it is not how,
or in any manner different, i. e. it is just the
same.

nknko na' kunjani or akulco ulctiba njani,
there is not any how about the matter, *. e.
it is just the same as ever, things are just
as they were.
Nje or Njena, adv. Just; merely, only;
thus, so, like this, in this state ( expres-
sing surprise with displeasure); thus,
, In this way (similar to njalo).
Ex. washo loko nje, he merely said that.
kung'umfcma nje, it is only a boy.
ingvho enje angiyifuni, I don't want a
blanket like this (disparagingly).

ngikohliwe nje igemu lalce, I have just
forgotten his name.

nyamuxwa nje ekuluma? do you just
hear him speaking i.e. hear what he says?
fcanti setemje! so then it is already in
this state!

kunje nje, kwazis'iikuti mnniniko ub'enge-
ko, it is just thus, by reason of its owner
having been absent.

ngawenxa kanje, you should do thus, in
this way.
Njenga,ad/'. or adv. Like, similar to;
like, in the same manner as (used with
a noun or pronominal particle following
in conjunction) [Ga. nga; Bo. enga].

Ex. ingukde irvjengayo mgwe, the cheetah
is like or similar to the leopard.

uyakulwna njengomuntu nje, he (the
whiteman ) speaks just like a Native.

Njengokuba (s. k.), adv. As it is, was, etc.;
inasmuch as, since (= njengaloku, loku
naku).

Ex. njengokuba ebixa kangaka, augasayi-
kuyitenga, inasmuch as he asks so much, I
shall no longer buy it.

Nje-ya (last syll. accentuated ), adv. Like
that, such as that, in that state, of that
kind (expressing disparagement); in
that manner. Cp. nje.

Ex. ukwenxa okunje-ya angikutaudi, I
don't like conduct of that kind.

Njo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stare fixedly at,
fix the gaze upon a person (ace.) or
thing = njolozela, golozela. Cp. u(lu)-
Jojo; ukuti nqa.

Njoloza or Njolozela, v. = ukuti njo.

um-Njonjo (with plur.,), n. 5. Beer given
by girls at a feast to any of their lovers
who may happen to be present. Cp. i(li)-
Cece.

u(lu)-Njonjo, n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Jojo.

Njonjozela, v. Urge on, encourage, as a
man or bull (ace.) to action, by whis-
tling, applauding, etc. = tela inkwelo.

i(li)-Njova, n. = i(li)-Gundana (mostly

used by women ).
um-Njunju, n. 5. Sharp paroxysm or pang

of pain, running along the nerves to the

heart and causing faintness, etc. Cp.

ubti-Hlungti.
Njunjuteka (Njunjutheka), v. = junjuteka.

Nka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Just open the
mouth to speak = ukuti leke, ukuti
nda, ukuti vu.

Ex. angitanga nka, I didn't say a word.

Phr. ugwayi akati nka, the snuff is not
perceptible in the slightest degree.

isi-Nkahlu (s.k.),n. = isi-Ankahlu.

u-Nkalankala (s. k.), n. Padlock (T) — see
i-Nkala.

Nkampu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.p.),v. Cut in
twain, divide in the middle (whether
actually or metaphor.), as a snake (ace.)
or person's arm (= ukuti juqu), or
as one might a sack of grain (ace.) by
tying it closely round the middle so as
to leave a portion at each side = nka-
mpu la, ukuti nkompo, ukuti gamfu;
be so cut or divided at the middle, as
the snake above, or as the sack of grain,
a wasp or narrow waisted female =
nkampuka, nkompoka, gamfuka; make
a bubbling noise, as water pouring
from the narrow mouth of a gourd or
bottle = nkampuza, ukuti ngambu.

NKA

435

NKE

ukuti nkatnpu,

Nkampuka (s. k.; s.p.), v.
nkompoka, gamfuka.

Nkampula (s.k.; s.p.). v. = ukuti nkampu,
nkompola, gamfula.

Nkampuza (s.k.; s.p.), v. = ukuti nka-
mpu, ngambuza.

um-Nkamunkamu or Nkamnkam (s.k.),
n. 5. Eager or ardent desire, as to go
anywhere, to see anything, etc.; strong
passionate interest in or for anything
(with nga).

Ex. saflka si'mnkamnkam, siti siyakuto-
(a utshwala, we arrived all eagerness, think-
ing we should get some heer.

angise'mnkau/ nkam ngaye, I am no longer
enthusiastic about him.

i-Nkanankana (s. k.), n. 3. Any matter of
difficulty that requires much striving
about, exertion, or wrestling with in
order to be done or mastered, as any
difficult piece of work or mathematical
problem = isi-Nqalanqala; i-nGwaqa-
na. Cp. i-Nkiyankiya; gwaqa.

i-Nkani (s.k.— plur. izi-Nkani, or ama-
Nkani,), n. 3. Obstinacy, stubborn persis-
tence or perversity, as of a child abso-
lutely refusing to obey; intractableness,
as of hard metal or' stone not easily
worked ; contentiousness, hard-headed-
ness, always raising objections from
excessive self-will; strife, wrangling dis-
cord; plur. ama-Nkani, obstinate rivalry,
emulation, as of one party of young men
to overcome another, or of boys one
with another in a race. Cp. i-nJaka;
u(lu)-Kanda [Bo. kani, disputes ; Ga.
nkiana, obstinate ; gana, refuse ; Sw.
kaidi, obstinate; kania, refuse; Her.
ou-rangaranga, obstinacy].

Ex. iy'enza nyenkani nje, she does it from
sheer perversity.

namhla cyamankani, to-day it is a matter
of decisive rivalry — as when two rival impis
are going to engage.

inkani yesiiva, contentious talk of an ut-
terly empty, worthless nature — like the echo
of the precipice which produces much noise
but nothing in it.
i(li), or mostly ama-Nkanka (s.k.), n. Nasal
passage or passages connecting the
pharynx with the nostrils; sometimes
applied to the arches of the soft palate,
or tonsils, as parts thereof. Cp. u-Go-
vana.
u(lu)-Nkanka (s.k.),n. Obstinate talk, con-
tentious 'jaw' — from i(li)-Nkanka a-
bove (cp. uhu-Anga); also = isi-Gaga.

Ex. umisa for rimba) ngankanka, she
stops us up or obstructs with her 'jaw' (so
that we can't get to reason with her edgewise).

Nkankanana, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Be en-
gaged together in a close contest, be grap-
pling in hard rivalry, be having a str«>iiLr
tussle (mostly used in impers. form).

Ex. sekute for aekutene) nkankanana, they

are now hard at it, now striving hard to
out-do one another, as wrestlers, fighters, or
competitors of any kind.

Phr. tvox'afike kwa'nkankana/na, she will
at length come to arrive there where it will
be a difficult job, where she will have the
obstinacy knocked out of her, i. e. when she
gets married.

i(li)-Nkankane (s.lc.),n. Common or Ila-
dadah Ibis (Hagedashia hagedash);
also, Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus)
= u-Nongqanga. See i-nGqangqama-
tumba; um-Xwagele.

Nkankaza (s.k.), v. Speak with the nose
stuffed up, as a person with a cold.

u-Nkanku (s.k.),n. = u-Mfumfu.

u or i-Nkayishana, n. 1. or 3. Name given
as an isibongo to a spirited, daring,
fearless young man.

i(li)-Nkayiya, n. One of the ama-Nkayiya
regiment of Zwide, chief of the Ndwa-
ndwe tribe.

Nke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Arrive, at any
place (= ukuti qata) ; deal a heavy blow,
with a stick on any bony part of the
body of a person (ace), as the shin or
head ( = nkenya ) ; be very white ( = u-
kuti hu).

Nke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Sit or stand si-
lently gazing, as when listening thought-
fully to somebody talking. Cp. ukuti
nkeme; ukuti nkeve.

Nke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k. — with vowel pro-
longed,), v. Rattle away with incessant
talk or gossip = nkenkeza.

Nkefeza (s. k.), v. Eat iz-Ankefc or first-
class amasi.

Nkema (s.k.), v. = ukuti nkeme.

isi or i-Nkemba (Nkembha), n. 3. Assegai
with short, very broad, oval-shaped
blade about as large as one's hand, often
carried for ornamental purposes = isi-
Papa [Sw. wembe, razor].

Nkeme, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Sit or stand
silently gazing in a silly, lost kind of
way, 'with the mouth open', as a simple
person, or (metaphor.) one sitting help-
lessly in want or hunger. Cp. ukuti nke.

Nkemfuza (s.k.), v. Talk away incessantly,
whether gossiping or scolding = nke-
nkeza.

ama-Nkemunkemu (s. k. — - no sing.,), n.
Mere tales, idle gossip, as rumours of
war, etc.

28*

nkt.

436

NKO

Nkemuza (s. k.), ?*. Talk idle tales or non-
sensical rumours, as above.

Nkemuzela (s.k.),v. Glow or flush with
intermittent brightness, as red-hot em-
bers or coals.

Nkene nkene, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k. with
prolongation on final vowel/, v. = nke-
neza.

Nkeneza (s. Jc). v. Sound with a confused
dull din, as a noise when reverberating
within a cavern, or a person's voice when
beard indistinctly amidst a surrounding
din of other loud voices; reverberate,
resound, echo, as the cavern or the noise
above rtkenteza. Cp. enanela.

i(li)-Nkengane (s.k.),n. Any poor, destitute,
common fellow (-= i(li)-Hobe) \ applied
contemptuously to any individual of a
foreign tribe, as a Tonga or Suto.

Nkenketa (Nkenketha), v. — qaqamba.

Nkenkeza (s. Jc), v. = ukuti nke; nkemfuza.

Nkente nkente, ukuti (Nkente nkente, uku-
thi), v. = nkeneza.

Nkenteza (Xkenteza),v. = nkeneza.

i(li)-Nkentshane (s.k.; s.L), n. Wild or
Cape Hunting Dog (Lyeaon pictus).

Nkenu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. Jc), v. = ukuti genu.

Nkenuka (s.k.), v. = genuka.

Nkenya (s. k.), v. = ukuti nke.

Nkeva (s.k.), v. = ukuti nkeve, nkeveta.

Nkeve, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Sit in a per-
fectly silent, helpless kind of way, as
people suffering from hunger, or depres-
sed with some heavy affliction = ukuti
nkeveta; cp. ukuti nke; ukuti nkeme.

Nkeveta (Nkevetha), v. = ukuti nkeve;
nkeva.

Nkeveta, ukuti (Nkevetha, ukuthi), v. = uku-
ti nkeve.

u(lu)-Nkimbi (Nkimbhi), n. A circling or
sharp turning-back upon itself (freq.
used in plur. izi-nKimbinkimbi), as the
coils in a snake's body when at rest or
in a coil of wire, or file behind file of
people standing (as though the line were
constantly turned back upon itself), or
the sharp twistings and turnings of a
very zigzag river or road. Cp. i-nTso-
ngentsonge.

Ex- ixtndlllu utbeliuirjit :/'//' ' i;iiil;iiiibinl;i-

mbi, the houses of the white people are
coiled aboat things — from the numerous
passages, corridors, or rooms leading round
in every direction.

i-Nkinga (s.k.), n.S. Any incomprehen-
sible thing, surpassing one's understand-
ing, as a puzzling affair or occurrence,
;i conjurer's feat = i-nKilikiqi, isi-

Kwambici, i-Nkiyankiya; cp. isi-Nqa-
lanqala, i-Nkanankana.
isi or i-Nk'i'nyankinya (s. k.), n. 3. = i-Nkiya-
nkiya.

isi or i-Nk'i'yankiya (s.k.), n.S. Anything very
difficult of accomplishment, requiring
much effort or exertion to overcome,
as any task, the difficult bearing of a
woman, difficulty of getting through a
densely-grown bush or of finding sleep-
ing place in a crowded hut, etc. = isi-
Nqalanqala.

Nkb, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti nqi,
ukuti ngo.

Nkobola (s.k.), v. = kobola.

u-Nkomba (Nkombha), n. = isi-Kombisa.

u-Nkombose (Nkombhose), n. Long-tailed

Dove (Oena Gapensis).
u-Nkomo-zasezantsi (s.k.; s.t.),n. Certain

skin disease of the chest, perhaps either

a kind of pityriasis, or keloid. Cp. isi-

Tembuzane.
Nkompo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.; s.p.), v. =

ukuti nkampu.

Nkompola (s.k.; s.p.), v. — nkanipula.

Nkone (s. k.), — see i-nKone.

Nkongolwana (s.k.), — see i-nKongolwana.

u-Nkonka (s.k.),n. Male bush-buck (the
word i-mBabala being the name of the
species and applicable to both sexes,
and the common word in use in Zulu-
land for both kinds, the word u-Nkonka
being mostly confined to Natal from
Xosa).

u(lu)-Nkonko (s.k.),n. Very tall person
who goes with a stooping gait. Cp. u(lu)-
Nkonkonono.

Nkonkoloza (s. k.), v. Shout loudly, with
all one's might, at or after a person (ace.)
= nqonqoloza.

ama-Nkonkoma (s.k.),n. Great, overhang-
ing, 'beetle' brows (much more pro-
nounced than the ama-Qaqa q. v.) ; might
be applied to similar over-hanging things,
as a cliff, sea-wave, etc.

Nkonkomisa (s.k.), v. = Overhang, pro-
ject over, lean over = engama.

Ex. iwa elirikonkomisile, a great beetling
cliff.

uhamba enkonkomisile, he walks with a
stoop or bending forward at the chest, as a
tall, slender man.

u(lu)-Nkonkonono (s.k.),n. Very tall, ema-
ciated, lanky person, who goes with a
stooping gait; sometimes applied to an
emaciated, bent-up animal = u(lu)-Nko-
nono.

i(li)-Nkonkowane (s.k.),n. = i(ti)-Povela,

/

NKO 437

ama-Nkonkowane^/o.sv'y/'/.y dma-Ngqola.

isi-Nkonongo (s. /<:), n. Very long mealie-
cob. Cp. isi-Qwanga; isi-Bokodo.

i-Nkonono (s. k.), n. 3. = u(lu)-Nkonkonono.

u(lu)-Nkonono (s.k.),n. Hesitancy to con-
sent, as to do anything; doubt, incredu-
lity, reluctancy to believe; also = u(lu)-
Nkonkonono. See konoua.

Ex. ub'el'tmkonono, he was rather hesita-
ting or unwilling to agree or believe.

i-Nkonyana (s.k.— plur. ama-Nkonya-
na), n. 3. see i-nKonyana.

isi or i-Nkulankula (s.k.),n.3. = isi-Nqa-
lanqala.

u-Nkulukundhleni (s.k.),n. Larva of a cer-
tain psychid moth, which crawls about
the veldt, enclosed in its little case con-
structed of tiny bits of wood glued to-
gether, and said to be fatal to any cattle
eating it; also applied to certain other
grubs, making a similar but much larger
ease and frequently found suspended on
mimosa trees (see um-Nta-kanohu) =
u- Mahambanendhlwana.

u-Nkulunkulu (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = u-Nkulur
kundhleni; also see Proper names (Ap-
pendix ).

u-Nkumbese (Nkumbhese), n. Any very
large isi-Puku or blanket.

Nkumpu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; s. p.), v. =
nkumpula; also ukuti nkanipu.

Nkumpula (s.k.; s.p.),v. Retain or reserve
a portion of. cooked food behind in the
pot, or in the spoon, not serving out
the full quantity or ration, as when
exercising economy (see ama-Nkuinpu-
la); also = nkampula.

ama-Nkumpula (s. k.; s. p. — no sing.), n.
Portion of food held back in the pot or
ladle, when serving out small rations or
economising (with shiya, enza, etc.).

Ex. upake amcmkumpula nje, she has served
out only half rations (not whole spoonfuls .

Nkumuza (s.k.), v. Snuffle up noisily, as
snuff (ace).

u-Nkunjane (s. k.), n. Variety of small-eared
i-mFe or sugar-reed.

isi-Nkunku (s.k.),n. = isi-Ngungu, i-Nku-
nkuma.

i-Nkunkuma (s.k.),n.3. Any short, squat
pot or round basket, having broad bul-
ging sides (= isi-Nkunkuma, isi-NgVr
ngti); also — i-Nktmkumana; (C.N. fr.
Xo. ) sweepings, rubbish.

isi-Nkunkuma (s.k.),n. = i-Nkunkuma.

i-Nkunkumana (s.k.), n. 3. Any short, stum-
py, stunted thing, as a person, mealie-
plant, etc.

plur.),
thi nga

NKW

Ex. nihil/! ir.ii/n inkunkumana for
So-and-so begets a l<>( of stunted liul
( i. e. children i.

isi-Nkuntshane (s.k.; 8.t.),n. is-Anku

II Is lilt IIC.

u(lu)-Nkununu (s. /<:), it. u(lu)-Kutu.
Nkunyankunya, v. gonyoza.
Nkunyaza (s. k.), v. = gonyoza.

isi-Nkutu (Nkuthu),n. Head of a buck,
cooked for eating, and generally eaten

by the boys and small girls 'with the
eyes fast closed'.

isi-Nkwa (s.k.), it. Kind of bread made by
boiling crushed mealies in a large lump ;
hence, bread, of Europeans; (vnthplur. )
loaf; (N.) beast slaughterod by a bride's
father on the day of her going off t<>
get married and intended to supply food
for the way (cp. cola; um-Poso).

Nkwala nkwala, ukuti (ukuthi;s.k.), v. Strive
or exert oneself vigorously, as over any
difficult piece of work = gwaqa.

isi-Nkwalankwala (s. k.), n. Any difficult
thing, requiring much striving or vigo-
rous exertion, as a tough job, hard in-
tractable wood or stone when working
it, a difficult problem, etc. = isi-Nqala-
nqala, i-nGivaqana.

Nkwampu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.; s. p.), v. Take
out slightly, as by merely sticking the
finger or spoon into the porridge (ace.),
etc. = nkwampuna.

Nkwampuna (s.k.; s.p.),v. = ukuti nkwa-
mpu,.

ubu-Nkwangwa (s. k.), n. — see ubu-nKwa-
ngwa.

i-Nkwankwa (s. k.), n.3. Strong desire or
craving after particular kinds of food,
as meat, amasi, bitter vegetables, strong
drink, etc., as a sick person or an in-
ebriate (= ubu-Shada. See kangula;
isi-Yabazane); also = irnKwakwa.

ubu-Nkwankwa (s.k.),n. Quality, nature,
etc., of the craving, as above.

isi or i-Nkwankwankwa (s. k.), it. 3. Person
with a verv pronounced stutter, having
to struggle to get out the words. Cp.
i(li)-Ngin<jin(ji.

Nkwankwaza (s.k.),r. Stutter very much,
having to struggle over the words. Cp.
ngingiza.

Nkwanya or Nkwanyela (s.k.),V. Eat, or
be fed, with solid food face.) from the
hand or spoon, as an infant. Cp. fwnza.

Nkwanyaza (s.k.), v. gonyoza.

Nkwanyisa or Nkwanyelisa (s.k.), v. Feed
or give an infant to eat solid food (doub.
ace), as above; sometimes used for

NKW

438

NO

to 'poison' a person (= dhlisa). Cp.
funza.

Nkwe, ukuti (ukuthi ; s.k.), v. Be quite dry,
'hard' dry, as a hide, garment, firewood,
etc.; be completely 'dried up' i. e. ended,
finished, as food, any work, etc. = ukuti
geqe.

isi-Nkwe (s. k.), n. Garnett's galago ( Ga-
lago Garnetti), 'bush-baby' = u-Mzi-
wise.

i-Nkwenkwezi, n. 3. — see i-nKivenkivezi.

ama-Nkwengenkwenge (s. k.), n. = ama-
Kwenqekwenqe.

Nkwengeza (s.k.),v. = kivenqeza.

u(lu)-Nkwindi (s.k.),n. Musical instrument
made of a slightly bent i-nTsangu stem
with a string "stretched from end to end,
at one of which ends a slit quill is fixed,
over which the string passes and through
which the breath is drawn, producing
a sound somewhat resembling the cry
of a young goat.

Noba, conj. = nokuba.

u-Nobadu (Xobhadu), n. used jocularly of
a tramp or his feet, as follows:—

Ex. sa})il:a nomjaico lukaXobadu, we con-
tended (with such a long journey), trusting
to the tramping powers of our feet. See u-
Badule.

u-Nobadule (Xobhadule), n. — isi-Qobolo.

u-Nobaleka (s. k.), n. Only used as below:—
Ex. unobakka bemlandela! umjadu omuhle
os'emasekueni .' unofukuxa pantsi kivendhlebe!
he who runs away (as in famine time) and
everybody runs after him! the fine dance-
feast upon the hearth-stones! he who makes
it move about below the ears! — these are
ixibongo or praises of food, which a thoroughly
satisfied person gives utterance to aft^r hav-
ing partaken of an enjoyable meal.

u-Nobaqa (Nobhaqa), n. Game played by
children in which they jump up, at the
same time kicking the bullocks behind
with their heels (with ukw-enza). See
baqaza.

u-Nobatekeli (Nobathekeli), n. Female of
the bird u-Mabengwane.

u-Nobibi, n. = u-Noyidomela.

u-Nobongo-wezulu (Xobhongo), n. Name
given to any member of the i-nGoba-
makosi regiment.

u-Nobongoza (Xobhongoza), n. = u-Pala-
ne.

i-Nobonobo, n. 3. = i-Notonoto; i-nTobo-
ntobo.

u-Nobulongwe, n. Burchell's courser (Cur-
sorius rufus). (N).

u-Nodangala, n. = i-mFene.

u-Nodongo or Nodongwe, n. Word used
like u-Zadongwe to denote an unusually
large, a 'huge' thing — mostly confined
now to large-sized bees, as the drones,
humble bees, etc.

Ex. inyosi ka'nodongtce, female humble-
bee — of a stingless, red-tailed variety, the
females being conspicuous by their larger size.

Nofo nofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nofoza.
i-N6fonofo, n. 3. = i-Notonoto.

Nofoza, v. Wade through long grass or
undergrowth, into which the foot sinks
softly. Cp. fohloza.

u-Nofunjwa, n. = u-Fumba.

N6fu nofu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nofoza.

Nofuza, v. — nofoza.

isi- Nofu nofu, n. Thing thickly overgrown
with something soft, as a place covered
with a thick overgrowth of soft grass,
or a man's body when thickly over-
grown with hair.

u-Nogingantlola (s.t.),n. = isi-Lonco.

u-Nogola or Nogolantete (Nogolantethe),n.
White or Locust Stork {Ciconia alba)
= i(li)-Ngababa.

u-Nogwaja, n. Hare; hence, applied to rab-
bit = i(li)-Gwaja; um-Vundhla; cp.
i-nTenesha [Her. o-nguiyu, spring-hare].

u-N6ha (Noohha), n. = i-mFene.

u-Nohemu (Nohheemu), n. Crowned or

Crested Crane (Balearica chrysope-

largus). See ukuti hemu.
u-Nohu (Nohhu), n. — see under um-Nta.

u-Nohunda, n. Isibongo of a certain bird.
(C.X.I.

u-Nojeleza, n. (C.N.) = u-Jeleza.

u-Nojomela, n. — u-Jojo.

u-Nokahlu (Nokhahlu), n. Certain tree,
from whose large green fruit bird-
lime (i-Nomfi) is procured.

u-Nokanula or Nokanule (Nokhanula), n.
Actual or 'bearing' mother of anyone
(not one of the other numerous relations
known as 'mothers' or o-mame). See
kanula.

Ex. unokanuk ka'Nomanxiiva ng'oka'Ngo-
xa, the real mother of Nomauxiwa (who
actually gave birth to her) is Ngoza's daughter
(the Zulu women being so called, by their
father).

u-Nokenke (Nokhenke), n. One of a certain
regiment formed by Mpande after the
um-Xapo.

Noko (Nokho), conj. Nevertheless, notwith-
standing, for all that, still, yet, how-
ever, even so; even though, although,
notwithstanding that (— nokuba); no-

NO

439

NO

ko — noko, whether — or not (in these
latter uses more common in Natal than
in Zululand, where nokuba, nakuba, are

preferred).

Ex. noko, even so.

ub'eshilo uyise, noko kalcwenxanga, liis
lather had said so, nevertheless ho didn't
do it.

kamkulu noko, still, he is not big (as they
had made out ).

noko eshilo, angiyikukwenxa, even though
be have said so, I shall not do it I the word
noma or nakuba would be preferred in this
sense in Zululand).

isi-Noko or Nokwe (s.k.),n. An i(li)-Z>-
nyane of anything while still very young.

u-Nokoboyi (Nokhoboyi), n. = u-Nozalizi-
ngwenya.

Nokolosha (s. k.),v. Go very slowly along,
'creep along', as an invalid walking, or
a very slow person with his work.

Nokonda or Nokondisa (s. k.), v. Continue
talking for a long time about an affair
(ace.) after it has passed, as children
conversing long about some pleasure
they have enjoyed, or a person still
going on talking after the quarrel is

over, or Kafirs still going-

talking

awray about a matter even after having
parted company on the road.

Nokuba (s.k.), conj. Even though, though,
although, notwithstanding that; nokuba
— nokuba, whether — or not = noma,
nonxa.

Ex. nokuba esho, angikolwa, even though
he say so, I don't believe.

nokuba efilc, nokuba enyafile, kas'azd,
whether he be dead, or not, we don't know.

Noma, conj. Even if, even though = no-

y< kuba, nonxa. See uma [At. nomi, or].

u- Nomacaceni.w. Certain flat-bodied fish (N).

u-Nomangcikiva (s. k.), n. Chrysalis inhabit-
ing the um-Fece cocoon = u-Nomgcobi.

u-Nomagendane or Nomagende, n. Certain
large ground-spider, having very for-
midable mandibles.

u-Nomanyewu, n. Idiot whose facial mus-
cles are given to twitching ( see nyewu-
zela) involuntarily; the south-east wind
( == um-Zantsi ).

u-Nomatumbazane (Nomathumbhazane), n.
Large kind of toad, used for takata
purposes.

Nombe, ukuti (Xdmbhe, ukuthi), v. Cling
on to tightly, as a boy to a tree-trunk
when climbing, or a frightened child to
its mother ; clutch, grasp hold of tightly,
as on to a tree-branch when falling or
drowning = nombela.

Nombela (Nombhela), v. ukuti nombe.

ama-Nombelaf.Yow/,//r/,//. n. Certain toi
tree.

u-Nomdede, n. Certain Kafir custom, de-
scribed under the word ipukula, q. v.
u-Nompuhulwana, um-Dede.

Nomfa, v. = nomfiya.

i si- Nomfelana.ro. Ugly, dirty-looking,
worthless noodle or stupid person.

i-Nomfi, n. 3. Bird-lime, which is obtained
from the berries of the u-Nokahlu and

certain kinds of parasitical plants.

Nomfiya,?;. Do, make, or work a thing
(ace.) very beautifully ornicely, as head-
work, matting, a pot, hut, etc. ( no-
mfa, nongosa); abuse or insult a person
(ace.) roundly with many coarse, shame-
ful epithets or charges (cp. tuka).

u-Nomgcobi (Nomgcobhi), n. = u-Noma-
ngcikiva.

u-Nomishwe, n. (C.N.) = i-mBiba.

u-Nomkubu \v/ana(Nonik/tnbt<ttcan(t), n.
Fabulous female, supposed to be the
i-nKosazana yas'ezulwini (young lady
of heaven) and virtually the Native
Ceres, presiding over the growth of
grains, mainly amabele, from which
she is said to have taught the Natives
to make beer. See pukula.

u-Nomncangiyana or Nomngcangiyana, //.
um-Swempe.

u-Nomponjwana (s.p.), n. Kind of beetle.

u-Nompukulwana (Nomphukulwana), n. =
u-Nomdede.

u-Nompunyumpunywana (s.p.), n. Crafty
person, who ean never be caught out
in his talk.

u-Nomtebe (Nomthebe), n. Queen of white-
ants. Cp. umu-Hhva.

u-Nomtsheketshe (s.t.; s.k.), n. Money-
guide, of which there are several variel ies
( Indicator major ; Ind. variegatus, etc);
hence, a much-talking, scolding woman
= i-nTlava.

u-Nomuntu (s./.),?i. used, always in the
singular, as below, to express a 'very
great quantity, or number ' u-Luntu.
Ex. umimtu ka'nomuntu lo odwendweni
(not abantu baka'nomuntu) .' the great multi-
tude of people at the wedding i it was enor-
mous)!

uyokuhvma ngoNgoye? ibele lika'nomuniu,
do you speak of Ongoye? why the Kafir-
corn there is simply immense.

u-Nomzatu (Nomzathu), n. i-nZawu.

u-Nomzimane, n. Former practice <d sev-
eral young men of a locality going off
in a 'body to solicit the favour of the

'

NO

440

NO

girls of any particular kraal, before
whom they danced, and were either
admired or rejected according as they
found favour (with ukw-enza). Cp. i(li)-
Jadu.

Nona, v. Be fat i. e. have or show much
fat (see i(li)-Noni) on the body, be
slock, in prime condition (used in
pert'.); sometimes used in the sense
of to be in easy condition internally, to
be happy (see 7ionisa). Cp. kulupa-
la; zimuka [Sw. nona, grow fat; Her.
MZT. nuna, be fat; Bo. neneha, fatten].

Ex. yayinonile inyarna yaleyo'nkomo, it
\\:is abundant in tat ( much liked by the Na-
tive), was the meat of that beast.

Phr. nona, 'Bani, hmgawe namhla! be at
ease, So-and so, it has gone accordiug to
you {i.e. your wish) to-day — said of a
person who has attained his heart's desire
(whether in a good or a bad sense}.

u-Nondhlandhla, n. (C.N '.)= i(li)-Halahala.

u-Nondhlini, n. 'The mother of the family'
— a name given to a heavily milking
cow, which supplies the children with
abundant food. Cp. i-nTsengwakazi.

u-Nondhliwa, n. (C.N.) = isi-Gudo ; hence,
u-Nondindwa.

u-Nondindwa, n. Female who wanders about
for immoral purposes, who has thrown
herself on the streets, a prostitute. See
ndinda.

u-Nondomela, n. Small tree having edible
berries = u-Nobibi.

u-Nondongoyi, n. = u-Nodongo.

u-Nondwayiza, n. Certain long-legged bird.

u-Nondwebu, n. Large stork-like bird.

Nonga, v. Do finely, make nice or nicely,
as a mat (ace.) when weaving, grain
when grinding, or food when season-
ing it.

u-Nongamulana, n. One of a certain section
of the ama-Pela regiment of Mpande.

u-Nongazi, //. Name given to a girl-child
whose mother was still menstruating
while pregnant with her.

u(lu)-Nongo or Nongonongo, n. Anything
very nice or choice of its kind, as a
finely made pot or hut, finely ground
meal, choice grain, etc. See nongoza
[Her. o-ngongo, neatness].

u-Nongomazi, n. (N) = i(il)-Cakide.

Nongoza, /\ = nomfiya. See u(lu)-Nongo.

u-Nongozolo, n. Brown-hooded kingfisher
{Halcyon albiventris); also applied to
Angola K. (Hal. cyanoleucus) and Mau-
ve K. (Hal. irroratus). Cp. isi-
Yuba; is i-Pikeleli.

u-Nongqane, n. (N) = u-Ngceda.
u-Nongqanga, n. = i(li)-Nkankane.
u-Nongqayi, n. Name given to the Natal

Police; also to Zululand Native Police

(N). See gqai/a.

u-Nongubungwana, n. Name given to the
'delicate' child in a family, who is re-
garded as a molly-coddle. See umu-Va.

isi-Nongwane, n. Name'of a shrub (C.N.).

i-Nongwe, n. S. Tiny veldt-herb, having a
small yellow flower, and tuberous roots
much eaten in time of famine.

u-Nongxi, n. Mosquito = u-Miyane.

i(li)-Noni, n. Single piece of fat (of meat);
pi. ama-Noni, often used for the fat gen-
erally on the beast's body. Cp. nona;
i(li)-Tebe; i(li)-Mfemfe; ubu-Hle; ama-
Fiita [Sw. nono, fat — see nona].

o-Nonina (no sing.), n. — see u-Nina. Cp.
i(li)-Nana.

Nonisa, v. Make put on fat, fatten, as a
beast (ace.) ; make grow i. e. exaggerate
(in a good or a bad sense), as a report
(ace.) or a person's words (cp. i(li)-
Haba ) ; please, make one (ace.) comfort-
able and contented within, as the words
of a person.

Ex. igamn uhamba elinrmisa, he goes on
'fattening' the word, making it larger and
of more account than it really is.

amdxwi ake ayanginonisa, his words please
or gladden me.

um-Nonjana, n. 5. Small stream, brook,
such as follow the course of a larger
river as its feeders. Cp. um-Fula.

u-Nonjekwa (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = u-Nondi-
ndwa.

u-Nonjiyelwakulaia (s.k.),n. Isibongo or
praise-name of a warrior who cannot lie
easily from the results of a wound.

u-Nonkombabantu (Nonkombhabantu), n.
= isi-Kombisa.

i(li)-Nono, n. Neat, tidy person, who will
have everything and does everything
'nicely' = i(li)-Geokama [Her. hirona,
neat; o-ngongo, neatness].

um-Nono, n. 5. Small tree, whose bark is
chewed for stomache-ache.

ubu-Nono, n. Nature of the person above,
or his things; hence, neatness, nicety of
work or arrangement, orderliness, etc.
— see i(li)-Nono.

Nonoba, v. = totoba.

Nonopa (Nonopha), v. Hurry (C.N.).

Nonopala (Nonophala), v. Begin to put
on fat, slightly fatten, as a person recov-
ering flesh after sickness. Cp. kulu-
pala; zimuka [see nona\.

NO

isi-Nontseyana (s. /.), n. Noodle, senseless

dolt, simpleton (C.N.)-
Nontsu, ukuti (ukutki; s. f.), v. = ukuti cosu.
Nontsuka (s. t.; s. k.), v. = cosuka.
Nontsula (8. t.), v. = cosula.
u-Nonxi, n. = u-Nongxi.
Nonyaka (s.k.), adv. This year. Cp. um-

Nyaka.
u-Nonzawu, n. = i-nZawu.

u-Nonzece, n. Female who, from mere of-
ficiousness, habitually takes upon her-
self to correct others or decide (see
ukuti zece) for them, in a meddling way,
how things should be. Cp. u-Nqamula-
juqu.

isi-Nonzeyana, n. = isi-Nomt'elana.

u-Nopempetwayo (Nophempethwayo), n. =
i(li)-Pimpi.

u-Noqakala (Noqhakala), n. Boldness, fear-
less unconcern (in a good or bad
sense); hence, brazen-facedness, cheek;
daring, courageousness; easy, careless
facility or expertness = u-Dhli.

Ex. uy'enxa ngonoqakala, lie does without
the slightest concern, without any apparent
effort (so expert is he), as when making mats,
carving, beadwork, or other work of skill.

Noqobo, adv. Really, thoroughly, perfect-
ly, absolutely, entirely- often used where
these words would be used in English
in the adjectival form. See u(lu)-Qobo.

u-Norramrreshe, n. Certain veldt-herb hav-
ing a raceme of tiny white flowerlets
and whose bulbous root is eaten.

u-Norramu, n. = u-Norramrreshe.

u-Norreshe, n. = u-Norramrreshe.

u-Norrintsi (s.t.),n. Chinaman (T).

Nosu, ukuti (iikuthi), v. = ukuti cosu.

Nosuka (s. k.), v. = cosuka.

Nosu la, v. = cosula.

Nota (Notha), v. Be comfortably off or

/comfortably placed, as a person seated
or lying in a cosy position, a kraal built
in a nice sheltered locality, a snug hut,
or a man well off in regard to cattle or
other property ; be comfortably soft to
the feel or body, as a thick blanket,
feather cushion, or soft grass (used in
pert*.). Cp. zota; i-Notonoto ; isi-Noti.

u-Nota (Notha), n. Kafir-hemp (= i-nTsa-
ngu) of the best quality i.e. with the
leaves growing thick and soft round
the stalks = ti-Nqaqa.

isi-Noti (Nothi), n. Person well-off, wealthy
with much stock. Cp. isi-Cebi.

um-Noto (Notho), n. 5. = i-mBubu ( mostly
used by women).

441 NQA

isi-Notongo (Nothongo), ,i. isi-Notonoto.

isi-Notongwana (Nothongwana), n. isi-
Ncivaybnlxtna.

i-N6tonoto (Nothonotho), n. 3. Anything
of a soft, comfortable reel to the body,
as a feather cushion, soft thick vest, lawn-
grass, etc. i-Nofonofo, UNobonobo.
Cp. nota; i-Nubunubu; i-nTobontobo.

isi-Notonoto (Nothonotho), n. Any animal,
as goat, lamb, rabbit, etc., with soft thick
fur or long wool isi-Notongo.

u-Notumshe (s.t.),n. (C.N.). ubu-Tu
mushe.

u-Novanzi or Novazi, n. Isibimgo <jiven to
a man with fine legs, but ugly upper
parts.

u-Novetela (s.t.), n. Noisy female who talks
and scolds much, but generally shows
little work herself. Cp. u(lu)-Vekeveke;
ukuti vete.

u-Novetula (s.t.),n. Immoral girl (from
the obscene action) = isi-Vetuhi.

um-N6vunovu, n. 5. Small tree (Gordia
Caffra ).

u-Noxaka (Noxhaka), n. Iron spring-trap,
of the stores (Mod.).

u-Noyi,M. Dutch wife [D. nooi, young lady].

u or um-Noyi. n. 1 and 5. Nit i.e. ejjir of
lice, or of the bot-fly on horses [Her.
oru-iyu].

u-Noyikomboyi (Noyikhombhoyi), n. = i-
Nqornfi.

u-Noyishapiyana (Noyishaphiyana), /t. =
i(li)-Mpingi.

u-Nozali-zingwenya or Nozayizingwenya, //.
Goliath heron (Ardea goliath); also ap-
plied to other similar varieties = u-No-
koboyi.

u-Nozilwa-zinyoni, n. Variety of ama-Bele,
not much grown now.

u-Nozondilanga, n. = i-nCili.

Nqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngqa,

ubu-Nqa, n. An habitual doing, beyond
all ordinary limits, of any had action; an
excessive outburst of vice or ill-doing
— only used idiomat with puma.

Ex. kungaii ukudakwa loku kupume "l>n-
nqa nabesifaaani bas'ekutini, it would seem
that drunkenness has broken <>nt beyond all
limitation with the women of such and such
a place.

umu-Nqa, h. .». um-Dende.

Nqaba {— Enqaba), /•. Disallow, forbid.
prohibit, as a master might his servant
or any action (ace with ela form); re-
fuse, as to do anything < with infin. >:
refuse to give a thing ( with //</ of ob-
ject, and liii of person); reject, decline,

NQA

442

NQA

as the terms of an agreement (ace.) ; deny,
refuse knowledge of, as any statement
(ace.) or occurrence (=pika); refuse to
come out or be undone, as a firmly fixed
nail or tooth, or a tight knot ( cp. nkuti
nqi); be surpassingly fine, strong, etc.,
allow none to approach, beat all hollow,
as an exceedingly fine article of dress,
horse, or the dancing of a man ( used in
perf.) — this word is the one in common
use in Zulnland, ukic-ala being rarely
heard unless in regard to the 'rejecting'
of girls [prob. akin to qa, or nqala].

Ex. muhle, w'enqabile, he is beautiful beyond
all comparison.
wngina'kuhamba namhla, huy'enqaba um-

sebe/i\i, 1 am unable to go to-day, work ren-
ders it impossible.

unqaba nemali yami, he refuses to give up
my money.

lelo'xwi ngiyalinqaba, I deny, or will have
nothing to do with, that word.

i-Nqaba, n. 3. Stronghold, fastness, place
very difficult of access, hence used as
place of refuge in war-time; any diffi-
cult thing, thing that surpasses one's
powers of tackling or mastering, as a
nail impossible of being drawn out, any
affair, action, word, or piece of work
that surpasses one's powers of compre-
hension.

Ex. b'enxa imisebenxd eyHnqaba, they (the
whitemen ) work things that are simply im-
possibilities (so difficult are they for us to
master).

wahduma inqaba, he spoke an utterly
amazing thing (that quite beat us with its
power or ineomprehensibility).

Nqabalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. =ukuti ngqa-

balazi.
i-Nqabayequla, n. 3. Any very difficult

matter (X).
Nqabela, v. Forbid, as a person (ace.) to

do something; disallow, as some action

(ace). See nqaba.

Ex. usmqabele nkuba sibambe, he has

forbidden us to go.

i(li)-Nqadi, n. One of the chief huts, or
the wife or eldest son thereof, appointed
by the kraal-owner in a Zulu kraal (see
i-nDhlunkuhi); pZwr.ama-Nqadi, pointed
bones, in the body of man or beast,
when protruding conspicuously through
the skin, as on the hinder sides of some
ill-formed skulls, or the hip-bones of an
ox or dog when prominent from emacia-
tion.

Nqadu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Bite at with a
snap or smart pull, pluck off, as a piece
of meat (ace.) from a lump, or as a dog

giving a sharp bite at a person, or a
cow snapping off the long grass; pluck
out the um-Nqadula from a dog, etc. =
nqadula, ukuti nqantu. Cp. nqakaza;
ukuti nquntu.

Nqadula, v. = ukuti nqadu, nqantula.

um-Nqadula, n. 5. Any small body protrud-
ing sharply or ' poking ' out from the
adjacent parts, as a single prominent
front-tooth, the uvula in the throat, a sixth
finger at the side of one's hand, or a
boy's shirt when 'poking out' from a
rent behind ( = um-Nqapolo ) ; applied
also to a female breast of an insignifi-
cantly small size showing 'merely little
nipples protruding' from the chest (cp.
i-nKomane); abnormal growth, some-
what like a maggot, on the tongue-
string of a dog or calf, and which, by
hindering it from eating, will kill it un-
less plucked out (== isi-Bungu) = um-
Nqantula.

i-Nqafunqafu, n. 3. See i-nQafunqafu.

isi-Nqafunqafu, n. (C.N.) = isi-Nqamfunqa-
nifu.

Nqaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Take off
or take up sharply at a go, grab at
(even when not succeeding in taking),
as when hastily snatching away any
object (ace.) or when sharply grabbing
at an apple on a tray or tree; catch,
catch at, as at a ball (ace.) or other
object thrown; snap at, as a dog snap-
ping at a person (ace.) or a fly; snap
at a person (ace.) i. e. turn sharply upon
him with violent talk ; snap up i. e.
pick up tales or information (ace.) by
casually over-hearing, or take up the
threads of a dispute over-hastily before
having heard the facts thoroughly =
nqakula, nqakaza, ukuti nqaku, ukuti
nqakalazi [Ga. baka, catch; nyaga, take
violently; Sw. daka, catch; nyakua,
snatch; Her. yakura, grasp at; hakana,
snatch].

Nqaka for Enqaka, s. k.), v. = uktiti nqaka.

um-Nqaka (s. k.J, n. 5. = um-Ngqaka.

Nqakada (s.k.),v. = nqakida.

i(li)-Nqakadi, n. Any small ball, lump, close-
ly compacted mass of a thing, as a
little ball of string, a small lump of clay
or dough, an acorn or similar fruit, or
small tufts or rolls of hair (see i(li)-
Geqele) on a Kafir's head after being
dressed in a particular way = i(li)-Qa-
kata.

Nqakalaza (s. k.), v. Snap at a person (ace.)
i. e. turn on him sharply with violent
retorts or words, £s a sharp-tempered
person = ukuti nqaka.

NQA 443

Nqakalazi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
nqaka.

isi-Nqakalazi (s.k.),n. Snappish, sharp-
tempered person, given to sharp angry
answering.

u-Nqakamatshe (s.k.; s.t.),n. = u(lu)-Ka-
ndempemvu.

i-Nqakanqaka, n. 3. See i-nQakanqaka.

i-Nqakaqa, n. 3. See i-nQakaqa.

i-Nqakavu, n. 3. See i-nQakavu.

Nqakaza (s. k.), v. Snap at, as a dog at a fly

(ace.); also = ukuti nqaka generally;

also = nqekeza.

um-Nqake (s.k.),n.5. = um-Nqaka.

Nqakelela (s. k.), v. Snap up everywhere
tales and over-heard talk (ace.), and
then converse about them elsewhere,
as a chattering busy-body.

Nqakida (s. k.), v. Dress the hair, when
short, into small platted tufts, according

NQA

to a particular Native fashion. Cp.
gqiba; qina.

Nqaku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti

nqaka.
Nqakula (s.k.), v. — ukuti nqaka.
Nqakuna (s.k.), v. = ukuti nqaka.
Nqala, v. = ntsala.

Nqala, adj. Hard, difficult, as any work;
hard, intractable, difficult of working,
as a rock; fast, immovably firm, as a
nail. Cp. ukuti nqi; lukuni.

i- Nqala, n. 3. Certain hard-wooded tree
(Schmidelia Africana).

i-Nqalaba, n. 3. See i-nQataba.

Nqalanga, v. = ntsala.

isi-Nqalanqala, n. Thing very difficult of
accomplishment or being mastered, as
any difficult work, a puzzling problem;
very hard, intractable thing, as hard
wood or rock; thing very fast or immov-
ably fixed, as a nail or stake = isi-
Nkivalankwala, i-nGwaqana, i-Nkula-
nkula, i-Nkiyankiya, i-Nkanankana.
See nqala.

i-Nqalati, n. 3. See i-nQalati.

i-Nqama, n. 3. See i-nQama.

um-Nqambo (Nqambho), n. 5. Penis of a
sheep or goat (cp. um-Tondo)\ (C.N.)
heart-string.

isi-Nqamfunqamfu, n. = um-Ncwado.

Nqampu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. p.), v. = nqa-
mpuna.

Nqampuna (s.p.), v. Crop off, pluck off,
as an ox or person the tops of grass
(ace.) with the mouth or hand.

Nqamu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nqamuka;
nqamula.

ama- Nqamu (no ring.), n. The final doing
up of a thing, the last of an affair, the
end of the thing, there will be nothing
further after that, etc. — only used ad-
verbially as below.

Ex. eyamanqamu namhla (impi), it Lb the
final, cleuring-up fight to-day, decisive, there
will be nothing more after it.

amanqamu seku y'iteo lo'mnyaka mayo,

the last of the thing will now be th<- coming
year (after which we remove our kraal from
this present site).

noxa nihambe nmi? Amanqamu scku uku-
ba umfo wetu afike, when will you at length
get to go? There is now nothing further than
that our brother arrive | whereupon we shall
leave ).

i-Nqamu,w.3. See i-nQamu.

isi-Nqamu, n. Piece or bit broken or cut
off from a larger portion, as a small
piece cut off from a slice or strip of
meat (not the slice or strip itself as cut
out of the carcase), a piece of plank cut
off from the rest, a bit of string broken
off from the main piece, portion of a
finger or stick struck off, etc.; a small
train or row of people walking or stand-
ing (see i(li)-Hele); a shortish person
(= isi-Shupu).

Nqamuka (s.k.), v. Get cut, broken, struck,
chopped, lopped, torn off, as a piece
from the major portion, as below ; get
cut off, as a small number of cattle or
soldiers from the main body; get broken
off in its course, stayed, stopped or in-
terrupted, as a flow of blood from a
wound, a fall of rain, a person in his
speech before having finished, etc.
ukuti nqamu; cp. kawuka; nqumeka.

Ex. isHnqamukile intambo, the string has
got broken off.

ningahamba, sekunqamukile imvula, yon
may go when the rain has ceased.

safika ngokunqamuka ftwonyaka, we ai-
rived at the dividing of the year /. e, at tin-
time when winter was ending and spring com-
mencing.

ukunqamuka k<il>ili. to gel divided <>r cut
into two part-.

Nqamukana (s.k.),/'. (Jet cut, broken, or
separated apart for one another, as two

pieces of a thing or two divisions of a
body ( usually used with kabili ).

Nqamula, v. Cut, break, chop, Btrike, lop,
tear off a piece (ace) from the major

portion, as of a plank, stick, limb, striiiLi,
length of cloth, etc ; cut ott a small num-
ber or company from the main body,
as of cattle or soldiers; cut off one's dis-
tance in walking, by taking a short cut;
break off {trans.), stay, interrupt in its

NQA

Course, as medicine might a flow of blood
(aec. ) from a wound, or as one person
might another ( arc. ) in his speech before
he had finished ; wash the feet alone (cut-
ting off, as it were, the upper part of the
body ), a^ a person at the river (cp. copa)
= ukuti nqamu; cp. ka tenia; nquma.

Ex. asinqamule kona lapa, let us cut across
here.

usanqamula tmfuleni, he is just washing
his feet at the river.

nqamtda bo,kupele, cut it (your talk) short
that it may come to an end.

Phr. sanqamula ubusuku, sii/a oBanjeni,
we journeyed during the night (or at night),
going to the Ubainho.

u-Nqamula-juqu, n. A chief person or 'boss'
among his class (lit. he who has the
final deciding of all matters and dis-
putes ), as the principal among a body of
indunas, the chief wife among the others
of a kraal, the colonel in a regiment, etc.,
= u-Nqamulanqe. Cp. u-Nonzece; ukuti
juqu; nqamula.

u-Nqamulanqe, n. = u-Nqamulajuqu. See
ukuti nqe; nqamula.

u-Nonqamunqamana, n. Burrweed = i(li)-
Gcuma.

Nqanda, v. Turn back, check, bring up, or
stay forcibly a thing (ace.) in its course,
as cattle when running off, a person in
his false or offensive talk, or a child in
his evil ways (cp. ngqikiza); bring up
a person (ace.) forcibly, as a tree might
a man running against it ( mostly trans-
posed into passive or e/ca form ) ; twist
the horns, as an ox does at the extrem-
ities after attaining an advanced age
(== bedula).

um-Nqandane, n. 5. Certain shrub (Roye-
na pallens), bearing red edible berries
and whose sticks are sometimes used
as wattles; also sometimes applied to
um-Qattiva.

Nqandeka (s. k.), v. Get twisted, as the horns
of an ox (used in perf. ); get turned
back, etc., as above.

Nqandela, v. Turn away (trans, or in-
trans.), as the cow does its calf when
refusing to let it suck, or as the calf
does itself when refusing to suck.

Nqandisa, v. Cause the horns to twist i.e.
have twisted horns (used in perf.), as
above.

Phr. ubona ninqemdise ixinkabi (iziriko-
maxi, etc.), he sees you abounding in, hav-
ing fine herds of, oxen (or cows).

u-Nqangi,?/. Name frequently given to the
first born of two twins = u-Manqangi.
Cp. u-Muva.

444 NQA

um-Nqangqandolo, n. 5,

Ground wood-
pecker (Geocolaptes olivaceus).

Nqanqa, v. = nqawuza; also nxanxa.

u-Nqanqa, n. = u-Nqonqonqo.

i-Nqanqa, n. 3. (C.N.) = isi-Nqanqa.

isi-Nqanqa, n. = isi-Nqawunqawu.

u(lu)-Nqanqa, n. Person with a very thin
slender body, and of any height.

Nqanqaza, v. == nqawuza.

Nqantu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.J, v. = ukuti
nqadu.

Nqantu la (s. t.), v. = nqadula.

um-Nqantula (s. t.), n. 5. = tim-Nqadula.

Nqapa, ukuti (Nqcipha, ukuthi), v. = nqa-

paza.
ubu-Nqapanqapa (Nqaphanqapha), n. A

flapping about of the fingers or head,

when speaking in a heated or spirited

manner.

Nqapaza (Nqaphaza), v. Flap i. e. make
a flapping noise, as the fingers when
thrown together with a sharp jerk, or
the ears of a dog when it shakes its
head; hence, shake the head, as a man
refusing resolutely.

Nqapazisa (Nqaphazisa), v. Flap (trans.)
the fingers (ace), or ears, as above.

um-Nqapolo (Nqapholo), n. 5. — um-Nqa-

dula.
u-Nqasha, n. Quarter-evil, in cattle.
Nqata, ukuti (Nqatha, ukuthi), v. Be quite,

brimming, chock-full = ukuti swi.

i-Nqatu, n. 8. See i-nQatu.

Nqatuza ( Nq at huz a), v. Get violently thrown
or tossed about from side to side, as a
rag in the mouth of a puppy-dog play-
ing with it, or the branches of a tree
or corn in a field by a wild wind, or
the head of a man (or sometimes the
man himself) when thrown about in
strong, indignant dissent or denial.

Nqatuzisa (Nqathuzisa), v. Throw or toss
violently about from side to side, as the
head (ace), etc., above.

i-Nqavunqavu, n. 3. See i-7iQavunqavu.

isi-Nqawanaor Nqawane, n. Common Stone-
chat (Pratincola torquata) = isi-Qa-
wane, isi-Cegu.

isi or um-Nqawe, n. 5. Kind of mimosa
tree.

Nqawu nqawu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — nqa-
wuza.

isi-Nqawunqawu, n. Any 'stinging' thing
i. e. causing a burning irritation of the
skin, as a nettle, certain ants, or blister-
ing medicaments ; show a sharp inflam-
mable temper, fly immediately into an

NQA 445

angry passion, as sonic very short
tempered persons who are not to be
touched.
i(li), um, or i-Nqayi, n. Certain forest tree
(Eloeodendron velutinum ).

Nqe, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Cut apart or in
twain (= ukuti juqu); strike with a
stick, stone, etc., on any hard bony part,
as the head or skin (= ukuti nke); also
ukuti ngqe.

Nqe, ukuti (ukuthi -with prolongation of
the vowel), v. Clang, or ring, as a large
bell. Cp. ukuti nee.

i(li)-Nqe, n. Vulture, of two varieties the
South-African Griffon Vulture (Gyps
kolbi) and Eared or Black Vulture (Oto-
gyps auricularis) ; nervousness, anxiety,
anxious apprehension, mental uneasiness
from fear of danger (= i-Nyoni) [Ga.
nsegge, vulture].

Ex. sengingenwe inqe (labantwana or nga-
bwntwana), I have already a feeling of
anxiety or nervous apprehension come over
me concerning the children (i.e. concerning
their safety from danger on their journey ).
See i-Nyoni.

inkosi yamanqe, or inqe lika'xadongwe,
Marabou stork ( heptoptilus argala).

isi-Nqe, n. Buttock, or one of the protu-
berant posterior parts of man or beast
(cp. i(li)-Mpu); rear part, rear-guard, of
an army (cp. isi-Fuba, u(lu)-Pondo) ;
bottom, or part by which it stands, as
of a basket, pail, cup, etc. (= i-nTende) ;
sometimes = u-Teletele; also i(li)-Qolo
t|. v. See N.B. under Qoma; also i-nDhlo-
vu; shikila; i-nTsheshelezi.

Ex. impi bayinquma isinqe for ixinqe),
they (the enemy) cut off* the rear of the
army.

Phr. uBani Jcana'sinqe, So-and-so never
sits down, i.s always on his feet, i. e. always
travelling about.

ngi'buhlungtt isinqe, I have a pain in the
small of the back. See i(li)-Qolo.

ngifuna inkomo yesinqe, L wani a beast
of posterior' parts i.e. a eow (from its chief
function being behind).

N.B. In regard to the use of the word
in the last mentioned idiom, it is just pos-
sible that the word isinqe in that case lias
no reference to the buttocks. We know that
with the Ancient Egyptians the vulture I X.
i-nqe) was emblematic of the female sex,
some even having regarded all vultures as
females. From them, or other tribes having
a similar belief, the Zulus may have received
the above use of the word isi-nqe as applied
to female cattle.
i-Nqeke (s.k.),n.3. Certain Kafir dish
consisting of slices of pumpkin cooked

NQI

whole ( not mashed with peka)\ open-
ing or empty s|i;i'-,. [eft between two
things thai do not meel or close i
fectly, c.(/. as of an isidwaba or beM
thai doesn'1 completely encircle the
body, or a door standing ajar ( /.«,•/-
Kenke)\ certain kind of eating-mat or
isi-Tebe made of grass woven strongly
together with many fibre threads I
i(R)-Gqibo ).

Ex. isidwaba sarm my kilt

doesn't, go completely round, there ii
space left.

Nqeke nqeke, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.),V.
nqekeza.

Nqekete, ukuti (Nqekethe, ukuthi), v. Be
thoroughly at peace, happy at heart, at
one's ease, i.e. live, lie, sit so.

u(lu)-Nqekete (Nqekethe), n. Any very de-
licious, surpassingly nice food of any
description ul-Ovela.

Nqekeza (s. k.), v. Be repeatedly tossing
or bobbing backward and forward, or
up and down, as the head of cattle
when they walk, or of some Native
men when going off in a huff, or a
female um-Ngoma when divining in a
positive manner = nqekuza, nqcucaza.

Ex. ihamba inqekexa ngekanda for inqe-
kexisa iktmda), it (the calf) goes along
bobbing the head up and down.

Nqekezela (s.k.),v. Go along with a bob-
bing up and down, or backward and
forward motion, of the head, as above.
Phr. wabuya enqekexela, she returned with
the head bobbing lightly about, i.e. not
bearing anything = returned empty-handed.

Nqeku nqeku, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. =
nqekeza.

Nqekuza (s.k.),v. = nqekeza.

Nqena, v. — see Enqena.

isi-Nqeni, n. — see is-Enqeni.

Nqenqa, v. = ngqengqa.

Nqenqeza, v. = ukuti nqe, <"p. na

Nqenya, v. = nkenya, ukuti w/r.

Nqerre, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Crack, as the
finger-joints when pulled, or knees of
an old person when rising; break with
a cracking or crashing sound, as a piece
0f dry wood or bone when broken
nqerrezeka; make so crack, or break,
as above ngerreza,

isi-Nqerre, n. One with an arm or leg
broken and not re-set

Nqerreza, /•. ukuti nqerre.

ama-Nqeshane, //. ama-Ngqeshane.

Nqi. ukuti (ukuthi). v. used to emphasize
qina; hence, make or fix a thing (ace.)

NQI

446

NQO

fast or firm, as a nail in a wall, or a
person his word when stating it firmly
or positively; be thoroughly fast or
firm or tight, as the nail above, a tight-
fitting lid, or a positve statement;
hence, freq. equiv. to advs. 'assuredly,
absolutely, positively' = ukuti ngo,
iikuti mbe.

Ex. umkonto uati. nqi entthii. the assegai
fixed itself fast in a tree.

icaslio. ivati nqi, he said so quite po-
sitively.

ungekwenxe nqi, you could not do it by
any possibility, at all, for a downright cer-
taiuty.
Nqiba, v. Go begging from others, as a
child from its own to another hut, or
a woman from her neighbours — mostly
applied to food (ace).

Nqikaza (s.k.),v. Shrink back in the
mind, hesitate or stay one's purpose
suddenly. Cp. tikaza.

i-Nqimindolo, n. 3. See i-nQimindolo.

i(li)-Nqina, n. Part about the ankles of
man or just above the hoof in beasts.

i-Nqina, n. 3. Hunt i.e. hunting-party [per-
haps akin to nqi; Sw. winda, hunt].

Ex. uku-puma inqina, to go out for a
hunt.

uku-mema inqina, to invite or get up a
hunt.

Phr. sapuma for sahamba) inqina ka'Ma-
buyaxe, we went out for a hunt of Mabu-
yaze (i. e. he who came back empty-handed,
with nothing) — said by those who have
been on a fruitless errand, not obtaining
what they had expected.

Nqinda, v. Take off, by cutting, knocking,
etc., the point or edge of a thing
(ace), as the tips off the horns of cattle
or the rim off an earthen-pot by rough
usage; take the edge off one's desire
by giving some slight gratification. Cp.
qunda; i-nQudulu.

Ex. ake unginqinde ngenkexo, please take
the edge off my thirst by a spoonful (of
beer >.

ama-Nqindazana (no sing.), n. diminutive
of contempt of atna-Nqindi.

ama-Nqindi (no sing.), n. Docked or stump-
ed ends of a thing from which the tips
or points have been cut off, as the horns
of cattle, bottom of the legs of a chair,
etc. — used only as adj. and adv.

Ex. inkabi e'manqindi, an ox with the tips
cut off its horns.

woyinquma amanqindi, you should cut
it ( the ox ) that it be stumped points, i. e.
you should cut off the tips of its horns.

P. ivkunxi sebeyinqwrne amanqindi, they

have cut short the bull's horns, i. e. have
taken away a man's power for doing mis-
chief.
i-Nqindi, n. 3. Point i.e. the end, upshot,
final result of any matter = i-mPeto.

Ex. kasikaqedi inqindi yayo, we can't yet
tell or be sure about the end of it ( the affair )
i. e. what it will eventually come to.

isi-Nqindi, n. Thing with the end, or a por-
tion cut off, an incomplete portion, frag-
ment, as of a belt, remnant of a length
of cloth, beer left in a pot after some has
been removed (cp. isi-Qentu), broken
assegai, etc.; hence, a certain broad-
bladed assegai, usually merely the metal
blade, or with a very short haft, held
by a bride in the hand, and used for
cutting meat, etc. , at a wedding ; the
moon when already small, in the last
quarter,

um-Nqini, n. 5. Ox with the bush of the
tail cut off; man's i-Beshu when worn
alone, without any side-tails or izi-nJo-
bo; a woman's isi-dwaba when cut short
(cp. isi-Pimjriyana) ; (C.N.) applied deri-
sively to a surviving fugitive from a
great fight, a crop-tail.

i-Nqirra, n. 3. See i-nQirra.

i-Nqiwa, n. 3. See inQiwa.

Nqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stand erect, up-
right, pointing straight upwards, as a
post, or dog standing on its hind legs ;
be piled up full, as a basket full of grain
when heaped up above the brim; fill so
as to be pilled up high, as such grain
(ace.) or basket; make a dull rapping
sound, as when striking anything hard,
as a tree with an axe, or a person's
head when tapping it with a stick (see
nqonqota; cp. nqoba ) = ukuti ntsho.

Ex. ilanga selite nqo, the sun is now ver-
tically above us, straight over-head, as at
noon.

iqoma ligewde lite nqo, the basket is piled
full up.

Nqoba, v. Overpower, get nnstery over,
as when thoroughly beating an adver-
sary (ace.) at fight ( not so that he runs
away, but so as to bring him to his
knees or entirely into one's power), or
one wrestler overcoming another, or
disease altogether getting the better of
a man. Cp. ahlula; nqonqota.

i- Nqoba, n. 3. — see i-nQoba.

i-Nqobo, n. 3. Thing which overpowers,
gets the mastery, wins the day, etc. See
nqoba.

Ex. inqobo ku'belungu isibamu, that which
carries the day with the white-people is the
gun.

NQO

inqobo nje ttbuhle bayo, the overpowering

thing is her beauty.

i-Nqobozelo, n. 3. See i-nQohozelo.

Nqodo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Refuse absolutely
(gen. with nqaba.)

Ex. k' okwomuntu, moayi nwayif, k'okwa-

ko, nqodo! towards that of another person,
you itch with desire; as to your own, you
greedily refuse — a common charge against
a stingy person.

u-Nqodoyi, n. Very stingy person, who
will give nothing of his away = isi-
Ncishani. See ukuti nqodo.

i-Nqohiba, n. 3. See i-nQohiba.

um-Nqokonqoko (s. k.), n. 5. One solitary
thing owned by a person, as a single
beast, child, shilling, etc. = um-Nqondo.
Cp. um-Nqivantsi.

Ex. iminqokonqokwana yami lexo, those
are my few solitary head of cattle.

Nqokoto, ukuti (Nqokotho, ukuthi), v. Break
out into general laughter, burst out into
a roar of laughter, as many people
together. Cp. pubuka.

i-Nqola, n. 3. See i-nQola.

um-Nqolo, n. 5. Molly-coddle of a boy,
who always remains with his mother
instead of mixing up freely with other
boys; effeminate man, an 'old woman',
who is always with his wives, not going
out to hunt or mixing up generally in
other manly doings ( = u-Gombotshe;
cp. u-Nyube); (C.N.) also = um-Nqiva-
ntsi.

Phr. umnqoloyombotshe, umaeobHntwala
xika'nina, exwe ngonina emsuxela eti pit, eti,
pepa! 'mntanami, inyoxi yas'ekaya — com-
monly used in derision of such a stay-at-
home boy, as above.

i-Nqolobana, n. 3. See i-nQolobana.

i-Nqolobela, n. 3. See i-nQolobela.

Nqoma, v. Act greedily or jealously to-
wards another (ace.) — see soma (C.N.)
= qoma.

um-Nqomboti (Nqombhothi), n. 5. = um-
Qomboti.

i-Nqomboto, n. 3. See i-nQomboto.

isi-Nqomfelana, n. Person with an isi-
Pongo.

i(li)-Nqomfi, w. Yellow-breasted Lark (Ma-
crony x eroceus) = i(li)-Gwili, i(li)-Givi-
lintsi.

Nqomfiza, v. Gasp for want of breath,
breathe with constriction or difficulty,
as a person with asthma, or a stout
person climbing a hill.

i-Nqomfolo, n. 3. Leucorrhoea or whites
in women.

447 NQU

um-Nqomfula, n. .',. Thick matter-like muc-
us running from the nose, in scrofuloui
children, sick rattle or horses, etc. =
um-Nqonqo. <'i». ama-Kovula.

um-Nqomiya, u. r>. Anything carefully pre-
served from c aon use, as one's best

crockery, the daughters of a Family wi-
the um-Ndhlunkimt, etc.

i(li)-Nqondo, n. Foot of a buck, goat, sheep,
pig, Or Other small-hoofed animal; also
of a bird, fowl, locust, etc Cp. i-i>Tnch>.

um-Nqondo, n. 5. = um-Nqokonqoko.

u-Nqondovu, n. = u-Hodoba.

Nqonela, v. (C.N.) = nqioeneht.

Nqonga, v. = qongd.

Nqonqa, v. = nxanxa.

i-Nqonqo, n. = i(li)-Ngqongqo.

um-Nqonqo, n. 5. Marrow of the spin*
(cp. um-Hland,hla); also = um-Nqo-
mfula.

Nqonqoloza, v. = nkonkoloza.
u-Nqonqonqo, n. = u-Ngceda; also (C.N.)
trap-door spider (= um-Vumbulukane).
Nqonqota or Nqonqoza, v. = ngqongqota.
i-Nqonqoyi, n. 3. = i-nDosa.
i-Nqorrolo, n. 3. See i-nQorrolo.
i-Nqoshololo, n. 3. See i-nQoshololo.

i(li)-Nqoza, n. Bump of any kind, as caused
by a blow, tumour, mal-formation of
skull, etc. Cp. i(li)-Dunguza.

Nqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Have the e;
closed or eyelids down, as one sleeping,
or some persons with falling eyelids (cp.
cimeza); (C.N.) = ukuti ngqu.

Phr. ixirikomo take ;iliti nqu ishumi, her
cattle (for lobola) make up a full ten.

Nqubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nqubuzeka.

i-Nqubu, n. 3. See i-nQutm.

i-Nqubulunjwana, v. 3. See i-nQubulunjwar
na.

Nqubuzeka (s.k.),v. Bump violently up
against a thing (loc), collide with it, as
with a tree, or a ship with the rocks.
Cp. ngqileka.

i-Nqudulu, n. 3. — see i-nQuduln.

Nquku, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. = nqukula,
ukuti <j///cu.

Nqukula (s. k.), v. Take up or away the
whole of a thing at once or bodily,
when taking up at once a whole heap
of clothes (ace i, or when removing bodily
a great pol oi beer (not removing it in
portions, or with the assistance of some-
body else) = qukiria [Her. pukumula,
remove].

i-Nqukumba, n. 3. Sec i-nQukumba.

NQU

isi-Nqukunquku (s.k.),n. = isi-Nqukuza.

Nqukuza (s.k.), v. Clap with the hollowed
hands (not flattened palms = i(li)-Hlo-
mbe), as is done while singing on cer-
tain occasions, e.g. after the arrival of
the bridal party for a wedding, or at
the menstruation of a girl.

isi-Nqukuza (s. k.), v. Big bulky lump or
mass of a thing, as a large heavy head,
a short thick stump of wood, etc. = isi-
Nqukunquku. Cp. i-nQukuqa.

Ex. wasinika isinqukuxa setambo, he gave
us a great lump of bone (without any meat
oil I.

i-Nqulu, )i. 3. That part of the side of the
upper-leg between the buttock and the
outside thigh-bone, where there is a
sinking in of the flesh, and upon which
one rests when reclining. Cp. i-Nyonga.

Ex. uku-lala ngenqulu, to lie on oue side
in a balf-recliuiug manner, resting on the
elbow — a girl during the menstrual period,
according to universal Zulu custom, reclines
always in this way = uku-lala 'lubule.

Nquma, ?». Become firm or solid, as liquid
fat grown cold, or mud when drying
up [Her. homa, coagulate].
Nquma (Nquuma), v. Cut off (properly
at one stroke), chop off, lop off, ampu-
tate, as a limb (ace), branch, portion
from a stick or rope, etc.; hence, do
once and for all, decisively, as when
bringing down a buck at a single blow;
decide, finally settle, as a law-case (ace.) ;
definitely appoint, fix, as a day (ace.)
for doing something, or the boundary
, of a district; cut short, as one's long
talk; cut off a portion, cut short one's
way, as by cutting across by a nearer
path. Cp. gina; sika.

Ex. bnmnquma umlenxe, they cut off his
leg (for him).

wayishaya wayinquma, he dealt it one
settling blow.

inkosi ia'inqumile leyo'ndaba, the chief has
already decided that affair.

fcubeke, ktmqume kabili, place it so as to
cut in two, i. e. across, crossways (not length-
ways ).

nquma usuku mgiyakufika nyalo, fix a day
upon which I shall come.

asinqume lupa, let us cut off across here.

mw'ukimginqttm'ulimi, you mustn't lop
off my tongue, i. e. interrupt me in the midst
of my speech.

waxdnquma, he cut his throat.

P. xvnqtmywa atnakanda, xiyekwe, their
heads are cut off and then they are left i.e. it
suffices if merely the heads are cut Joff —
used by a person in reference to some affair

448 NQU

of which he has already related the main
fact, but does not care to go into details.

i-Nquma, n. 3. = i-nDondo.

um-Nquma, n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Nqumo.

i(li)-Nqumakanda (Nquumakhanda; some-
times shorty n. = i(li)-Nqunyivakanda.

i-Nqumba, n. 3. See i-nQumba.

i-Nqumbu, n. 3. See i-tiQumbu.

isi-Nqumela, n. Tallow or hardened fat
boiled from the suet of cattle.

Nqumisa (Nquumisa), v. Make to cut a-
cross i. e. place across so as to divide,
as a plank (ace.) over a ditch.

Ex. uku-nqumisa kabili, to place crosswise.

Phr. ub'ex-e 'kuxinqumisa uti Iwomximba,

he came to show off his fine body — as a

young-man passing before the girls, or a wife

before her husband.

Nqumisela (Nquumisela), v. Cut off for ab-
solutely i.e. absolutely forbid to, prohibit.
Ex. kica'Zidu inkosi yayisinqumiscle ulibo,
in Zulu times the king had prohibited us
from (eating) the first-fruits of the season
(i. e. before he himself had done so at the
ukiveshwama).

um-Nqumo (Nquumo), n. 5. Certain forest
tree ( Olea verrucosa).

i-Nqumu w. 5. Food only half-cooked, and
of whatever kind ; mostly used as an ad-
jective, as below.

Ex. ku'nqumu, it is half raw, only half-
cooked.

um-Nqumu (Nquumu), n. 5. = um-Qumu.

i-Nqumunqumu, n. 3. see i-nQumunqu-
viu.

Nquna, v. Be stai'k naked, whether when
walking or lying (used in perf.). See
nmu-Nqunu. Cp. hlambalazela ; dindi-
liza; ntikiza; ncadazela [see umu-
Nqunu].

Nqunda, v. = qunda.

ama-Nqundanqunda (no sing.), n. Little
checks or balks or obstacles that keep
cropping up to prevent one's going o,r
doing something. See qundeka.

Nqundeka (s.k.), v. — see qundeka.

um-Nqundu, n. 5. Glans penis or male or-
gan of any animal (but not gen. of dog
— i(li)-Kingqi, or man=«m- Tondo, or
horse = um-Boko) = u(lu)-Gqubu,
u(lu)-Gqungu. Cp. isi-Kaba.

Nqunisa, v. Strip or make be quite naked,
as a child (ace).

Nqunquta (Nqrmqutha), v. Trot briskly
along, as a person hurrying to reach a
place, or oxen in a wagon (= nqunquteka;

IV&jCM'***'

^7V» i

NQU

. cp. dhledhlezela) ; knock a basket (ace.)
in order to shake out particles clinging
to the side.

Nqunquteka (Nqunqutheka), v. = nqunquta.

u(lu)-Nquntane (s.t.),n. Certain climbing
plant whose leaves are eaten as i 'mtt'iim.

Nquntu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Pull off with
a sudden tear, or tear off with a sudden
pull, as a bunch of grass (ace.) from
the veldt, or when biting off a mouthful
of tough meat from a slice. Cp. ukuti
nqadu.

Nquntula (s.t.),v. — ukuti nquntu.

umu or ubu-Nqunu, n. 5. Complete nudity,
state of being stark naked (chiefly used
adverbially, as below) [Lat. nudus, na-
ked; Her. mutundu; Sw. utupu\.

Ex. uku-hamba 'munqunu, to go quite
naked.

i(li)-Nqunywakanda (Nquunyivakhanda; or
short,), n. Person with a handsome body,
but spoilt by his face. Cp. u-Magqa-
mehlezi.

um-Nqupane, n. 5. — see um-Ngqupane.

i-Nqushumbana, n. 3. See i-nQushumbana.

isi-Nqutu (Nquuthu; sometimes shorty n.
= isi-Pundu.

i(li)-Nquzu, n. Protuberance, hard bump,
knot, as on an ill-formed skull, or the
trunk of a tree = i(li)-Quzu, i(li)-Puzu.

Nqwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nqwama.

ama-Nqwa (no sing.) only used adver-
bially as below to express 'first (in
point of occurrence)'. Cp. um-Hlanga-
niso.

Ex. eyakiti yababamba emanqweni, our
(army) got hold of them (the eDemy) first,
got the start.

wagwaxiva emanqweni, he was stabbed
the very first, for the start.

uBani icapuma emanqweni, So-and-so went
out first, or at the start.

i-Nqwaba, n. 3. Heap, pile, of anything
and any size. Cp. i(li)-Fingo; i(li)-Fu-
tululu; uni-Tango; um-Bundu; i(li)-Bo-
nda; i-nDondela, etc.

i-Nqwababa, n. 3. See i-nQwababa.

Nqwabela, v. Make anything (ace.) into a
heap, pile it up upon, at, etc.

Ex. wo wa nqwabela ndawonye, you must put
them (the potatoes) in a heap together.

Nqwama, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Meet full face
unexpectedly, run up against suddenly,
as one friend suddenly meeting another
in an unexpected place ( cp. ukuti ngqi ) ;
be quite equal to (in size, height, amount
of work, etc. = ukuti nqwamatshiki)
= ukuti nqwa, ukuti nqwamanqa.

449 NRRI

Nqwamana, v. Meet full face unexpectedly
with, as above (with na).

Nqwamanqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
nqwama.

i-Nqwamasi, n. 3. See MtQwamasi.

Nqwamatshiki, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. 1.; 8. k.), v.
ukuti nqwama.

Nqwamba (Nqwambha), v. Wind <>r nana
over the shoulders and crosswise round
the body a long string of something,
as witch-doctors do the imi-Nqwamba,
or men their imi-Cilo, or even as string
is wound round about a broken earthen-
pot or garlands about a building al festiv-
al time. Cp. tandela; gaxa [Her. ma-
nga, wind round].

um-Nqwamba (Nqwambha), n. 5. Single
strip of skin which, something like a
pair of braces joined together al tip-
middle before and behind, is worn by
witch doctors over the shoulders and
round the body. See nqwamba.

u(\u)-Nqwamboi\ (Nqwambhothi),n. = u(/>o-
Nqekete.

u(lu)-Nqwambuor Nqwambunqekete (Nqwa-
mbhu), n. = u(lu)-Nqekete.

um-Nqwantsi, n. 5. Single solitary beast
possessed by a man. Cp. um-Nqokonqo-
ko.

Ex. iminqwantsi yahwetu, the few head
of cattle (perhaps three or four) belonging
to our hut.

u-Nqwaqela, n. Root used as an emetic
(C.N.).

isi-Nqwazi, n. Fibre band worn round the
waist and head by a widowed woman
for about a year after she has lost her
husband. Cp. um-Nqwazi.

um-Nqwazi,«. 5. Small band worn by all
married women round the head, just
below the top-knot, for hlonipa pur-
poses, and consisting of a strip of cloth
or beadwork or even the long leaf of
any grass-plant or rush < cp. isirNqwaei | ;
(N.) Dutch-cap or bonnet

Nqwena or Nqwenela, v. Desire Btrongly,
lust after; growl, or grumble at, as man
or beast ( C.N. fr. Xo ).

NrrV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Grasp or clutch
tightly or with all one's might by the
hand, as a person's throat (ace.) when
throttling him, or a cat when hoi, Un-
it firmly down; bind up tightly BO as
to constrict, as a person, or the tightly
drawn cords, a parcel = nrrxnya,
ukuti ntsi.

Nrrinrriza, v. Make the choking noise
nrri, as when being throttled, choked
as a sick man by expectoration, or a

29

NRRI 450

person talking- with a sniffling sound

through having the nose stuffed (cp.
ukankaza ).
Nrrinya, v. = ukuti nrri, ?itsinya.

Nta, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Be distinctly
visible, quite plain, as a road or object
in the open country; be or become
exposed, brought openly to light, as a
thief, or an object that has been con-
cealed and found ; be quite straight or
straight-forward, as a railway-track or
one of the seams in a sleeping-mat (=
ukuti nto) = ntanya.
um-Nta (s.t.), n.l. contr. for mu-Ntwana.

Ex. ttmntanami (umntanetu, umntanake,
etc. ) my (our, his, etc.) child.

umntanomntcmami, the child of my (or
our, etc.) child, i.e. my grand-child.

umntanenkosi (nomiungu, etc.), child of
the chief (or of the whiteman, etc.) — a
politely familiar term for addressing such
persons.

wmnta-ka'mame for ka'baba, or ka'babe-
kazi), my cousin, i.e. child born of my
aunt (or of my uncle).

wnntanetu, my or our child — used by a
young-man to a girl (not geu. to his sister),
or by a girl to her married brother or to his
wife.

Hinntaktvetu, child of ours — used by oue
young person to another of the same hut
or mother.
um-Nta-ka'nohu (ka'nohhu), n. 1. Kind of
caterpillar which one finds in swarms
on the umu-Nga and similar trees; also
the larva of a certain psychid moth
living in a little box of sticks found
suspended from mimosa trees.

Ntambama (Ntambhama), adv. In the
afternoon. See i-nTambama; kusihlwa;
ekuseni.

Ntangasa (s. t.), v. Walk with the legs
stiffly apart, as when one has a painful
sore between the thighs = tangasa.

Ntanqu, ukuti (ukuti; s. t.), v. = ukuti ntushu.

Ntanrra, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), V. Strike or
give a knock in the belly.

Ntanrraza (s.t.), v. = ukuti ntanrra.

Ntanta (s. t.), v. Float, as a thing on the
surface of water.

Pbr. umnumxana uyanta/nta nemix/i yake,
the headman is sailing about among his
kraal- i.e. moving about leisurely among
them, as when visiting from oue to the
other (uot used of one merely roving about
— ndinda).

isi-Ntantane (s.t.), n. Person rendered power-
less, incapable of movement, a 'mere
floating body', as when bound up with
cords, or powerless from wounds.

NTE

Ex. uku-m-enxa (umunlu) isintantane, to

render one powerless or incapable of move-
ment.

Ntantiya (s. t.), v. Drink beer ( only used
in jocular reference thereto).

i-Ntantiya (s. t.), n. S. Kafir-beer (a jocular

name therefor).
Ntantsa, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = ntantsa-

za.
Ntantsaza (s. t.), v. Go laboriously along

weighted by one's own big belly, as a

woman in child.

i-Ntantselana (s.t.),?i.S. One with a big
protruding belly, like a woman in child,
or some people when the stomach is
full — see below.

ama-Ntantsolo (no sing.; s.t.),n. A bul-
ging out of the belly at the sides (not
in the middle front — see above ).

Ntanya (s. t.), v. == ukuti nta.

i(li)-Ntanya (s. t.), n. Metal of some kind

(C.N.).
Ntasika (s. t.; s. k.), v. = nantsika.
u, i(li), u(lu), or i-Ntasika or Ntasike (s. t.;

s. k.), n. — u-Nantsika.

Ntaza (s. t.), v. Skim along, move swiftly
along with quiet, gliding motion, as a
duck upon the water, a swallow flying
near the earth, or a man running rapid-
ly but with little bodily movement =
ntazabula. Cp. ntweza.

Ntazabula (s. t.), v. = ntaza.

ubu-Ntazantazana, n. — uku-Tanatana.

Nte, ukuti (ukuti; s. t. — final vowel some-
times prolonged), v. — ukuti ntinini.

Ntela (s. t.), v. Say a thing in sport, as
when frightening a child; say a thing
in a joking way, joke, jest, speak or
relate so as to cause laughter = gang a,
rranta, rrakata, sekula, tekula; cp.
ncokola, feketa, rrebula.

Ntelekeshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.; s. k.), v. =
ukuti ntinini.

Ntelekesheza (s. t.; s. k.), v. = ntininiza.

Ntelemba (Ntelembha), v. = ntela.

isi-Nteli, n. Jocular, laugh-provoking per-
son, given to saying things in jest or
funny things. See ntela.

u-Ntembuzane (Ntembhuzane), n. A 'scurfy
fellow' - a word of contempt for a
nobody among his or her class, as a
poor despised man, or a discarded wife.
See isi-Temlmzane.

u-Ntende (Nteende), n. Tent on a wagon
(not a ground-tent — i(li)-Tende) [Eng.J.

Ntengemula (s. t.), v. = tenga (s. t.).

Ntengenyeka (s. t.; s. k.), v. = tenga (s. t.).

NTE 451

ama-Ntenguntengu, n. (C.N.) = ama-Ntwe-
nguntwengu.

N ten jane (s. t.), adj. — see i-nTenjane.

Ntenteleza (s. t.), v. = ukidi ntentelezi.

Ntentelezi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Drink
off a very large quantity at a draught.

i-Ntentemisa (s. t), n. 3. — see i-nTentemisa.

i(li)-Ntentezo (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Rrezelo.

Ntf, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Prick or pierce
with a very fine-pointed instrument, as
a bee a person (ace.) with its sting, or
some flies, or with a needle = ukuti
tinye.

Ntikiliza or Ntikilizela (s. /.; s.k.),v. = nti-

kiza.
Ntikiza or Ntikizela (s.t.; s.k.),v. Go or

walk stark naked = tikiza, ntikiliza.

Cp. nquna; hlambalazela ; dindiliza.

Ntingaza (s. t.), v. = ntipaza.

Ntingiliza (s.t.), v. = ukuti ntingilizi, di-
ngiliza.

Ntingilizi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t), v. = ukuti
dingilizi.

Ntinini, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t. — gen. with pro-
longation of final vowel,), v. Move a-
long at an immense and steady speed,
spin along, spin away, cut along, as a
racer on a bicycle, a bird swiftly flying,
or a man running with great swiftness
= ukuti mpinini, ukuti nte, ukuti nte-
lekeshe.

Ntininiza (s.t.), v. = ukuti ntinini.

Ntinta (s. t.), v. Be passed about from one
to the other, as the pot of beer below.

Ntintisana (s. t), v. Pass about from one
to the other, as a number of men might
pass about a common pot of beer (with
nga of article), or as a lot of servants,
neglecting some duty, by referring from
one to the other some matter that is not
in order (cp. tezisana).

Ex. nampa utshwala, anontintisana ngabo,
here is some beer; you shall pass it round.

i-Ntintisano (s. t), n. 3. Thing passed about
or referred about from one to the other,
as above.

Ntipaza (Ntiphaza), v. Do anything in a
blind, 'lost' kind of way, as a workman
not knowing what to do through not
having understood his instructions, a
person seeking for something lost with-
out knowing where to look, or a person
attempting to give evidence without
knowing anything about the case =
ntingaza, ndipaza. Cp. ntumazela [Sw.
tatanisha, puzzle].

ubu-Ntipintipi (Ntiphintiphi),n. Blind, 'lost'
manner of acting, as above.

NTL

i(!i)-Ntiyane (s.t), n. Common Waxbill
(Estrilda astrilda). Cp. u-Ndhlovuye-
nduna.

Ntla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do at a Btroke, at
one single time or effort, aa when killing
a buck (ace), or an umtakati bringing
down a person by a single attempt (cp.
ukuti shwambakaqa ); happen upon, as a
person coming or striking unexpectedly
upon something (ace); catch Bight oi
suddenly, as a certain person (ace) un-
expected among a crowd (cp. ukuti
shazi ).

Ex. umlilo (or tun/emu) watcuti ntla, he
made up a big fire, throwing on all tin-
firewood at once — ukuti gabe.

umu-Ntla, n. 1. Up-country person;;/. 6.
wind coming from up-country i.e. N.W.
wind (= i(li)-Shisandhlu). Cp. um-Za-
ntsi.

u-Ntlaba (s.t.)n. Month beginning about
or after the middle of April, 'when the
aloes (= i-nTlaba) flower', and next
before u-Lutudhlana.

Ntlaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.; s. k.), v. Strike
a person (ace.) with the back of the hand
(— ukuti mbebe); strike or stab with
an assegai on a bone, or stone, etc. =
ntlakala.

Ntlakala (s. k; s. t.), v. — ukuti yitlaka.

u-Ntla-kanye (s.t.; s.k.),n. Thing winch
does off at a stroke, as a powerful medi-
cine of an umtakati that brings one down
at once; hence, apoplexy, syncope, or
other cause of sudden death ; thing done
off at a single stroke, as a girl's lobola.
cattle paid off at once.

Ex. (ishumi) ul'mze untla-kanye, he made
up the full teu at one go.

ama-Ntlaluntlalu (no sing.; s.t.), u. Things
that have fallen apart, or are in a dis-
integrated state, as a scattered tribe, •!
family that is at mutual disagreement,
or food of which the ingredients have
not combined well with the water =
i-nTlakaiitlaka, ama-Hlaluhlalu,

u-Ntlangoti (Ntlangothi), n. Certain foresl

tree said to possess poisonous properl
and used by an umtakati causing
hemiplegic paralysis (op. u-Zirru); any
tree with half its trunk charred by
lightning.

N.B. The biirk of this same tree ie
again as an antidote for the above poison
and as a cure for the disease. The patient
stands in the sun, and then commencing
with the length of his shadow, the doctor
makes incisions in it all along the ground
and so right away up the whole onaffected
side of his body. This- is afterwards repeated

29*

NTLA

with the other or affected side. Finally the
bark, after having been rubbed into the
incisions, is boiled in water, and the patient,
■ lipping his ringers into the hot decoction,
keeps on sucking the liquid from the finger-
tips, afterwards smacking with them the
several affected joints, 'thinking thereby
that may-be the bones will by this treat-
ment get all right again'!

u-Ntlangula (s.t.),n. — u-Maquba.

u-Ntlangulana, n. Month beginning about
or after the middle of May, 'when the
winds are commencing to clear up the
country', and next following after u-
Xtlaba = u-Lutudhlana, u-Maquba
omncane.

Ntlantlalaza (s. t.), v. = zazalaza.

Ntlantlalazeka (s.t.; s.k.) = zazalazeka.

Ntlantlalazi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.) v. = ukuti
zazalazi.

Ntlantlata (Xtlantlatha), v. Breakup, crush,
<>r eat anything (ace.) with the front
teeth, as when breaking up a piece of
sugar-reed with the front teeth in order
to soften it for a child, or the end of a
thread before passing it through the
eye of a needle, or as an old woman
without any double teeth might do when
eating mealie-grains or other solid food,
or as a dog does the fleas on its body
or a mother the lice on her child's head;
walk anywhere where there is no path
or way, as a person walking over the
veldt through the grass, or walking
over the mats (ace), etc., lying on the
floor of a hut, instead of stepping by
the vacant spaces.

i-Ntlantlato (Ntlantlatho), n. 3. Any place
'off the road', as through the grass in
the open veldt where there is no path
(used gen. as adverb with hamba).

Ntlanu (s. t.), adj. — hlanu [Galla, shan,

f i ve].
Ntlanye (s. t.), prej>. Off away on one side

of (with na) = cele, nxanye. Cp. nga-

ntlanye.

Ex. angina'kuya kona, kwntlawye, I cannot
•_") there, it is out of my way.

umir.i iral.c untlunye nomgwaqo oya
emElatu/ae, his kraal is off away on one side
of the Umhlatuze road.

leyo'ndaba intlanye mi mi, that affair is
not my way. does not touch or concern me.

u-Ntlanzane (a. L), n. Person habitually
curious i.e. with an abnormal amount
of curiosity to see or know everything
perhaps from some former individual
noted for this weakness ( see proverb
below). Cp. um-Ndindi.
P. utatwe ihlombe okuka'Ntlan&ane, he

452 NTO

has been carried off by the clapping of hands
(or noise of applause), as was Ntlanzane —
said of a person who immediately he hears
anything unusual, cannot resist the impulse
to run off and see what it is.

u-Ntlekwane (s.t.; s. k.), n. King of the
Redbills or Common Widow-bird ( Vi-
dua principalis ) ; ox of a black colour
having a patch of white running from
the shoulders down the sides to the
belly ; kind of assegai, like the i(li)-Rrwa
but smaller; (C.N.) small (not young)
elephant without tusks.

ama-NtlVkintliki (no sing.; s. t.; s. k.), n.
(C.N.) = ama-Hlikihliki.

ama-Ntliziyo (no sing.; s.t.),n. = i-nQu-
shumbana.

u-Ntliziyonkulu (s.t.; s.k.), n. Certain tree
growing in the bush-country, the skin
of whose inner-bark is used medicinally
for faintness or weakness of heart ac-
companying influenza and fever = umu-
Wane.

Ntlo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Stick or fix
in, as a spoon (ace.) into the grass-side
of a hut, or a stick into the sand (=
hloma); come forth into life or being
(only used as below = ukuti qeke,
ukuti dabu).

Ex. y'iloku wati ntlo, unjalo, he was so
ever since he was born.

y'iloku lati ntlo (ixwe), ever siuce it (the
land ) was created.
u-Ntlokonde (s. t.; s. k.), n. Variety of i-mFe
having a long ear and very sweet cane.

u-Ntlolanja (s. t.), n. Certain month be-
ginning about or after the middle of
December, 'when dogs copulate freely',
and next following after u-Masingana.

kwa'Ntlongasibi (s. t.), n. Open exposed
country (flat or hilly), 'bereft of, the
smallest scrub of bush' = kwa Luneive,
kwa Ngcedomhlope.

u-Ntlongweni, n. (C.N.) = u-Dhlwedhlwe.

i(li)-Ntlontlo (Ntloontlo),n. = i(li)-Hlontlo.

i-Ntlontlo, n. 3. — see i-nTlontlo.

u(lu)-Ntlontlo (Ntloontlo), n. = u(lu)-Hlb-

ntlo.
u-Ntloyile (s. t.), n. Yellow-billed kite (Mil-
vus JEgyptius); the month u-Ncwaba
i]. v., 'when kites appear'.

Phr. untloyile Jia'Gelegrle (or Ica'Myubaiic),
a nickname for the bird.

u(lu)-Dumba luka' Ntloyih, a nickname for
the u(lu)-Dumba q. v. beau.

ugwayi ka'Ntloyik, kite's snuff — a name
give to the puff-ball fungus of the veldt.

Nto, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Be perfectly
straight, as a post, or a line of things

NTO 453

(= ukuti ntse, ukuti nta); also = ukuti
nto nto.

uku-Nto (s./.),n. Plaything, or pet thing,
as a toy or pet kitten of a child = uku-
Tokozi.

Ntonkanja (s.t.; s.k.), v. = nantsika.

u, i(li), u(lu), or i-Ntokanje or Ntokanji

(s. t.; s. k.), n. = u- Nantsika.
uku-Ntoko (s.t.; s.k.),n. (N) — uku-Nto.

i(li)-Ntolobantshi (Ntolobhantshi),n. Waist-
coat [D.].

i-Ntombazana (Ntombhazana; plur. ama),
n. 3. — see i-nTombazana.

ubu-Ntombi, n. —see ubu-nTombi.

u-Ntondo (s.t.),n. Last born of any litter,
as of pigs, dogs, etc., and which is usual-
ly of a more weakly and smaller nature
than the rest; hence, any young animal,
or child, when unusually small and un-
der-grown.

Ntongela (s.t.), v. Take snuff (with nga)
before smoking i-nTsangu (ace.) in the
smoking-horn for the purpose of excit-
ing a ready flow of saliva.

i(li)-Ntongela (s.t.),n. One of the wattles
used for forming a continuous bar en-
circling and holding together the up-
right posts of a new cattle-kraal, and
which helps to secure the um-Belo
stakes.

i(li)-Ntongomana (s. L), n. Ground-nut.
Cp. i-nDhlubu [Adam, gangala; Sw.
njugu nyasa; or perhaps from their
having been first introduced from the
Tongas].

u(lu)-Ntonjana, n. — see u(lu)-nTonjana.

umu-Nt'onkone (s. L; s.k.), n. 1. Variety of
large black-beetle with white markings
on the back and disagreeable smell
(introduced by Europeans).

Ntonta (s. t.), v. Drip, fall in drops, as
water from the nose or a leaky tank =
ukuti nto nto.

Phr. ixintombi tantonta, the girls dropped
iu — an ejaculation of a young-man in a
kraal upon the arrival there of a sweetheart
of any of the other young-men of the kraal
for a surreptitious day-visit. See vimbexela.

Nto nto, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = ntonta.

Ntonto (s. t.), adj. Soft or tender-bodied,
sleek, as a woman, fat cow, or a well-
oiled body (lit. dripping, wet— see
above) = ntontotsha.

Ex. isigwaai sabautonto, a stabber of
tender ones — a eommon appellation for a
warrior who has been remarkable for his
killing of females.

Ntontoloza, v. Raise the voice to a very

NTSHI

high pitch when singing, Bingoul slnillv
or loudly above tin- other

Ntontotsha (s. /.), adj. ntonto.

Ntontoza (s.t.), r. ntonta.

Ntotomba see i-nTotomba.

Ntsa, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), o. Make t i — lit or
taut, by pulling or binding, as when
making taut a bowstring (ace.) or fenc-
ing-wire, when binding a rope round a
post or into a knot to tighten it, or
when cocking a gun ntsala; 1m-, or
get made tight or taut, as above ntsa-
leka. Cp. ukuti nqi.

u-Ntsakantsakane (s. k.; s. t.j, „. um-Ko-
ba.

Ntsala (s. t.), v. = ukuti ntsa, nqala, nqa-

langa. Cp. vlya.
umu-Ntsalela (s. t.),n. 5. Anything bound

round, as a man's trowsers, jacket, etc.

(C.N.).

um-Ntsalo (s.t.), n. 5. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Ghvi-
bisholo.

isi-Ntsantsantsa (s.t.),n. Anything drawn
up very taut or tight, as a bowstring
or fencing-wire; hence, any Btrong, un-
breakable or untearable thing, enduring
a heavy strain, as strong cord, stout
cloth, or (by compar. ) a strong ton
stick.

Ntse, ukuti (ukuthi — with the last syllable
gen. prolonged,), v. = ukuti ntsenene.

Ntse, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. Be right, pro-
per, without defect, or crookedness, et<\ ;
hence, be good (of heart), thoroughly
sensible (of mind), perfectly straight
or straightforward, as a road, or a posl
without knots.

Ntsenene ukuti (ukuthi with the final
syllable gen. prolonged,), v. Come or
go in a constant stream, flow or pour
in, as people going or coming from a
meeting = tapuka, qintsika.

Ntseneneza (s.t.), v. ukuti ntsenene.

i(li)-Ntsentse (s.t.),//. Small crack or fis-
sure in the skin on the back of the
hands or tops of the feel from cold,
(diaps. Cp. i-nKwali; um-Kt i

i(li)-Ntsentela (s. t.), n i(li)-Ntsentse.

Ntshe ntshe ntshe, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), r.
tshetsheta.

Ntshentsheta (Ntshentshetha), r. tshe-

tsheta.

Ntshinga (s.t.),/'. Throw or casl away,
as any useless article (ace) *'p- lahla.

Ntshingeka (s.t.; s.k.), v. <:et thrown a-
side i.e. start suddenly aside, shy. as a
man ;it a snake, or a horse at any objeel
(used with some adverb of place, etc.).

NTSHI

Ntshintshana or Ntshintshisana (s.t.),v.
Enter into competition with, have a
contest with — often used as a threat —
ncintisana.

Ex. siyakurUshintshisana nawe ngomuso!
we shall have a tussle with you one of these
days (aud not always let you just have your
own way ).

ama-Ntshiqa or Ntshiqe.fwo sing.; s.t.),n.
= ama-Mbanda.

i(li)-Ntshiyane (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Ntiyane.

Ntsho, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. = ukuti nqo.

Ntshoia (s. t), v. = jola; (C.N.) steal cattle.

i(li)-Ntshola (s.t.),n. (C.N.) — i(li)-Quba-
nkomo.

i-Ntshola (s.t.),n.3. = um-Jolo.

Ntshonga (s. t.), v. Think about a thing
(ace. with eta form) with desire, long
for (cp. fisa); be always after a person,
wanting to get at him or have a fight
with him.

isi-Ntshongo (s. t.), n. Perpendicular pillar
of smoke, as from a fire on a windless
day (cp. /.si-Si); smell of anything burnt,
as cloth, beans, etc.; pungent, suffocating
smell or vapour, as of ammonia, or car-
bonic-acid gas from a mealie-pit ; hence,
fire-damp, in a mine; strong gust of
wind, that takes up pillars of dust, as
when a south-easter rises.

i-Ntshongolo (s.t.),n.S. Chilly cold wind,
such as blows down from snowy moun-
tains.

Ntshongo ntshongo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. —
ntshongoza.

Ntshongoza (s. t.), v. Give forth a deep,
dull, muffled sound, as the voice of a
person who is hoarse, or in consump-
tion, or buried in a pit, or deep down
in a valley.

Ntshontsha (s. t.), v. Cut off or take little
bits of meat from a slaughtered beast
in an irregular way without permission,
as a boy might cut off little snacks in
order to roast for himself; hence, steal
little things (ace.) generally, filch, pilfer.
Cp. eba.

i(li)-Ntshontsho (s. t.), n. Small piece of
meat cut off or filched, as above. Cp.
i(li)-Jupe.

i(li)-Ntshungutshu, n. Two varieties of cat-
erpillar, one hairy and the other smooth,
formerly very injurious to crops, but
now died out. Cp. um-Cwangube.

NtsV, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Grin, smile
or laugh with a showing of the teeth;
bite or nip a person (ace.) in a 'tiny',
itching manner, as a flea, bug or some
flies; also = ukuti nrri.

454 NTSU

Ex. katanga ntsi, he didn't move a mus-
cle, didn't even smile.

u(lu)-Nt7ntsi (Ntsiintsi), n. = ti(lu)-Sintsi.

Ntsinya (s. t.), v. = ukuti ntsi, nrrinya.

u-Ntsinya (s.t.), n. = i-nDuku- ka' Qwaba-
landa.

i(li)-Ntsiyane, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Ntiyane.

u(lu)-Ntsizwana, n. — see u(lu)-nTsizwana.

u-Ntsdkontsoko (s.t.; s.k.),n. = um-Soko-
soko.

ubu-Ntsomi (s.t.),n. Dark purple, almost
black (C.N.). Cp. i-nKankane; i(li)-Somi.

Ntsondo (s. t.), expletive common in fami-
liar speech, used to intensify various
modes of thought, and somewhat similar
to the English terms 'old' (expressing
friendliness or dislike), 'blessed' (ex-
pressing displeasure or impatience ), or
thoughts of admiration for one's perfor-
mances, or of surprise at the vast quan-
tity or numbers of a thing, and for
which we have no expressions.

Ex. yek'ibele lantsonch! oh my! what a
quantity of Kafir-corn (the nouns in this
sense being gen. used in sing.)!

icahlabana uSibanibani wantsondo ! he did
fight {i.e. stab about), did the brave So-
and-so!

nangu uMaminza wantsondo.' here is old
Maminza.

xangena ixinkomo xantsondo! there they
are going into (the field), those blessed
cattle !

u-Ntsondo (s.t.), n. Personification of the
above — the 'old fellow', 'old chap',
meaning nobody in particular and only
used as below.

Ex. wancishana uNtswebo wantsondo!
noNtsondo ivafa eyalcxa eti nako nkuneisha-
. na ku'Ntswebo! he was stingy, was Ntswe-
bo, the wretched old chap! why the Old
One (or my grandmother) died, giving us
directions that there you will find stinginess,
with Ntswebo.

Ntsucu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ntsucula; ntsu-

cuka.
Ntsucuka (s. k.), v. Get wrenched or torn

off, as below.
Ntsucula, v. Wrench or tear off, as a fresh

branch from a tree.

u-Ntsumbulwana (Ntsumbhulwana), n. Ten

shilling piece, a half-sovereign ; also
sometimes ten shillings (T.).

Ntsundu (s.t.), adj. Dark brown (of a
reddish tint), puce, chocolate, deep or
brownish crimson — perhaps from noun
i-nTsundu [Pers. zindj, black ; Ar. sud,
pi. of iswid, black ; Sw. ekundu, crim-

NTSU 455

son; MZT. mu-sundu, black-man; Aug.
mbundu, black; Her. zorondu, black].

u-Ntsununundu (s./.),n. (N) = u-SunUr

nundu.
i(li)-Ntsweba or Ntswebe (s.t.),n. = i(li)-

Taweba.

Ntswi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Squeak, like
a mouse = ukuti swi.

umu-Ntswi (s.t.),n.5. Olivaceous Thrush
(Turdus olivaceus); also Natal Thrush
(Geocichla guttata).

Ntswininiza (s.t.),v. = swininiza.

u-Ntswintswintswi (s.t.),n. White cotton
blanket = u-Gampokwe.

umu-Ntu (s.t.),n.l. Human being, per-
son, man (in a general sense); per-
son of a Kafir or Bantu tribe (in a
particular sense); person of the Zulu-
speaking race (not a Suto, or even
Tonga — in a still more restricted
sense); servant (as of a master), me-
nial, dependant of any kind, subject
(as of a chief) [Skr. bhu, be; mati,
mind; Hi. mard, man; Gr. thumos,
mind; Cym. tuath, people; Corn, his,
people; Low Nig. ma-du, people;
Nyanye. mu-nhu, man; Her. omu-ndu;
Sw. m-tu; Ni. mu-tw, Ga. mu-ntu; At.
onya; Ha. mutum; Mao. tanata; Sak.
u-lu; Mai. taw, Mat", snun; Esk. inuk\.

Ex. kukona umuntu emnyango, there is
somebody at the door.

angiyikutshela 'muntu, I shall not tell
anybody.

angina'muntu, T have nobody.

'bantu! dear me! do you say so! would
you believe it! (mostly used by females)
'bandhla.

abelunyu kababatandi abantu, the white-
people don't like the Natives.

umuntu onjani? what kind of a person?

umuntu wakwa'Zulu, a Zulu.

kasiye umuntu wa'luto, he is not a per-
son of anything, of any account, is worth-
less, good-for-nothing.

akusiko ukwenxa kwomuntu loko, that is
not the behaviour of a decent being or man.

akusiko ukudhla kwa'muntu, it is not the
food of anybody.

sitanda umuntu ong' umuntu, we like a
person who is a person i. e. of real human
feelings, humane, true to the breed.

safika ku' bantu abange'bantu, we got to
people who were not human-beings at all
/. e. not humane, uot worthy of the name.

kwakungakabi 'muntu, it (the fetus) was
not yet a human-being.

ivay'engase'muntu, he was no longer a living
being i.e. he was already as good a- dead.

umuntu wesilisa (wesifaxana), a male
person i.e. a man (or a female i.

NTU
nging'umuntu wako, I

or

llV i. Ill'

pro-

(88

mi your Bervant,
ubject-
Wbantu-bahle, ii (the ixulu) i- when people
look nice /. , . juai before Bun-down.
isi-Ntu (s. !.),„. Human-kind, mankind,
whole human race; whole Kafir race;
Kafir or Zulu language.
u(lu)-Ntu (8. t.), n. Outer covering or
of the bowels or belly (cp. u(lu)-Su;
isi-Su); also = u(lu)-Ntukazana. See
ii-Luntv [Ga. lu-buto, belly; Her.
oru-tu, body; Reg. i-kundu, belly].

Ex. yekHnkomo inontu! what a big belly
this beast has!

ubu-Ntu (s.t.),n. Human nature; hu-
maneness, good disposition of heart;
manhood.

Ex. kana'buntu, he has no humaneness of

heart, no feeling for another.

kwenxa iibuntu betu, it is caused
nature.

ixinto tobuntu, things i.e. works,
perty or actions, befitting manhood
distinguished from those of childhood ).

umu-Ntukazana (s. f.;s. k.J, n. 1. Common,
low-class person, of no position or con-
sequence. Cp. u-Ngoqo.

u(lu)-Ntukazana (collect. 8. I.; 8. k.), n. The
common herd, or lot of worthless people
of no consequence, of any particular
kraal or locality. Cp. u(lu)-nTsizwana.

Ntula (s.t.),v. Need, want, require, be
without a thing (ace), whether from
poverty, or from mere temporary ne-
cessity. Cp. steel a, hi i >//</(/.

Ex. siyantula izingubo, we are in want
of, have no, clothes.

Ntuleka (s.t.; s.k.),v. Get wanted i.e. be
scarce or wanting, as any article of
necessity.

Ex. iyantuleka, y'ini, imali kubo? is monej

then scarce or wanting with them i the white-
people ) ? — i.e. they have plenty ot it.

u-Ntulikazi (s.t.; s.k.), it. u-Maquba.
isi-Ntuluntulu (s. L), 11. (lulling, or Maxim
gun from the Zulu war.

Ntuluza (s. /.), r. Pour out a rapid, un-
broken flow «>r words, scarcely allowing
oneself breathing time, as some lo-
quacious persons.

isi or i-Ntumantuma (s.t.),n.3. Stupid
childlike individual who has no brains
for doing or understanding anything.
Cp. isi-Ttittt; isi-Ncwayimbana.

Ntumazela (s.t.),c. Act or d«> anything
in a 'lost', foolish manner, without any
understanding, as the above. Cp. ntipa-

Zll.

u-Ntungazi (s.L)tn. Certain bush, whose

NTU

456

NU

roots, along with the bark of u-Mapipa,
are used as a valuable specific for
dysentery.
u(lu)-Ntuntu (s. t.), n. Person with small,

blinking, nearly closed eyes.
Ntushu, ukuW; (ukuthi), v. Come suddenly
or sharply out of anywhere, as a high-
wayman from a bush or man from a
hut = ukuti ntanqu. Cp. ukuti nuke.
um-Ntwana (s. t.), n. 1. Child, of either sex;
applied (mostly in the plur. aba-Ntiva-
na ) to girls generally, even when adult ;
also in a particular sense to a 'prince',
or 'princess' i.e. any person (child or
adult, male or female) of the Zulu royal
house (i.e. Cetshwayo's owniamily, any
of his brothers, and their . families);
small upper-stone of a Native corn-mill
[dim. of lunu-Ntu. — Ga. MZT. Sw. Ngu.
and most Bantu langs. mwana, child;
Nya. mivana, lord; Sw. bivana, lord].
See umu-Nta.

Ex. ahambe yecltva nje, eng'umntwana?
(you think) he should just go aloue, he a
prince (or princess)?

abantwcuna kabako, bas'entsimim, the girls
are not here; they are in the field.

umutuanyana, sometimes used euphemisti-
cally of the isi-Kigi.
um-Ntwana-ka'nohu (Nohhu; s. t.), n. — see

um-Nta.
ubu-Ntwana (s.t.),n. Childhood.
u(lu)-Ntwayintwayi (s. t.), n. Tall, slender-
bodied person.
Ntwe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.; with prolongation

of vowel), v. = nhveza.
Ntwela (s. t.), v. Begin to show light, dawn,

as the morning before the ukubeja.
Ntwe ngu la (s. L), v. Bend, tear,'-as a piece
of cloth (ace), skin, or paper. Cp. dabu-
la; rrebula.
ama-Ntwenguntwengu (nosing.), n. Tatters,

rags = ama-Nikiniki.
u(lu)-Ntwentwe (s.t.),n. Tall person; also

= i(li)-Twatwasi.
ubu-Ntwesi, n. — see ubu-nTwesi.
Ntweza (s. t.), v. Move forward in a straight
steady manner without any bodily com-
motion, glide along, as a duck on the
water, bird 'sailing' at rest in the air,
water in a full river, or a man walking
along with a sharp stoady gait.
Ntwi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.— with prolongation

nf final vowel,), v. = ukuti ndwe.
i-Nubunubu, n. S. Anything soft to the
body, as a cushion; softly supple, softly
pliable in the hand, as chamois-leather,
or to the teeth, as sodden meat. Cp.
i-Notonoto.

Nuka (s.k.),v. Smell (intrans.), have a
smell, whether pleasant ( with kamnandi)
or disagreeable (with kabi); smell
( tra?is. ) a thing (ace.) orescent by placing
before the nostrils (not by ,: sniffing at
= sezela ; nor by mere perception through
the air = zwa; cp. ■ nukela ) ; smell out
i. e. discover, expose, point out a dis-
agreeable person (ace.) guilty of evil
practices, as does a witchdoctor; hence,
generally, lay against a person (ace.) a
charge of takataing [Lat. puteo, I am
rotten; Sw. Her. nuka, smell; Bo. nu-
nka].

Ex. ukamba lolu lunuka utnuti, this pot
smells of medicine.

uti wamnuka, he says he charged him
with practising uku-takata.

Phr. intsimu useyishaye wayinuka, 9he
has finished off the field in no time.

u-Nukako (Nukakho), n. = u-Nukane.

um-Nukambiba (Nukambhiba),n. 5. Small
tree {Myaris or Clausena in&qualis),
having strong-smelling inflammable
leaves, and roots used for tapeworm.

Nukana (s.k.), v. Lay against one another
a charge of practising uku-takata.

u-Nukane (s.k.), n. Light-coloured variety
of Kafir-corn (cp. ama-Bele); certain
forest tree (= u-Nukako).

u-Nukani (s.k.),n. Wood Hoopoe (Irrisor
viridis ).

Nuke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Do anything
in the very tiniest degree, as a nail
just emerging by the point through a
plank (cp. ukuti tu), or a person doing
a very little work, making the slightest
acquaintance with any study, giving
one a mere speck of snuff, etc. = ukuti
nunu, ukuti nenke.

isi-Nuke or Nukelana (s.k.),n. Certain
game, a kind of 'touch', played by
Native children (with enza).

Nukela (s. k.), v. Emit or make a smell
for a person (ace.) — may be used of
anything (nom.) whose smell is strongly
perceptible to a person (ace), the thought
in Zulu being inverted.

Ex. usinukela. nyantafi/ta, he makes a
smell for us with (his) grease (used by him
for anointing the body).

sinukelwa amafufa, we are raised a smell
for by grease.

i(li)-Nuku (s.k.), n. Person with dirty, dis-
gusting ways or manners, as when pre-
paring food or eating it. Cp. nukubala.

ubu-Nuku (s. k.), n. Dirty, disgusting-
manners, as above.

um-Nukuba (s.k.), n. 5. Food of any kind

NU

457

NWA

imperfectly cooked so as to be unpleasant
eating; person whose good-looking
features are only 'half awake', are spoilt
by some ugliness or imperfection (cp.
i(li)-Hlulc )=um-Dukuca, um-Nwebelele.
Nukubala (s. Jc.), v. Be dirty, unclean, as
a pot or one's clothes (used in perf. =
ngcola); be imperfectly cooked (= nya-
nta).

Nukubeza (s.k.), v. Make dirty or unclean
anything (ace), as above.

isi-Nukunuku (s. Jc.), n. Any animal, as a
goat, etc., with the body covered with
long, flowing hair which waves about
as it walks ; hence, person heavily rigged
out with finery or trappings hanging
from all parts of the body. See nukuza;
nukuzela. Cp. isi-Notonolo.

Nukuza ($. k.), v. Cover up the person
with trappings or hanging finery, as a
young-man fully dressed up for a wed-
ding-dance.

Nukuzela (s. k.), v. Go along with one's
long body-coverings flowing or waving
about, as above — see isi-Nukunuku =
natuzela.

i-Nukwe (s.k.),n.3. Berrv of the um-Nu-
kwe (C.N.).

um-Nukwe (s. k.), n. 5. Large tree bearing
very nice berries (C.N.).

um-Numzana or Numzane (m contr. fr.
mu), n. 1. Gentleman i. e. kraal-owner of
some importance, may-be from the fact
of his being a headman by appointment
or from the large size of his kraal with
numerous wives; hence, applied in
courtesy to any respectable Native kraal-
owner, or also to any Whiteman of pro-
perty or position [Sw. mngwana, gentle-
man].

i-Nundu, n. 3. Certain species of small
moth (not applicable to the i(li)-Bu or
other species indiscriminately ), very
injurious to the skin-dresses of Natives;
larva or small caterpillar of such moth ;
hairy person i. e. having abundant hair
overgrowing the body, face, etc. [Sw.
noondo, moth].

i-Nungu.M. 3. Porcupine's quill (— i-mVa-
ndasi); sometimes used euphemistically
of the animal itself (= i-Ngungumbane) ;
(C.N.) also = u-Nyasa [Sw. nungu, por-
cupine; Ga. namanungu],

isi-Nungu, n. (C.N.) == i-nTate.

u(lu)-Nungu, n. Certain snake whose body
is covered with small spots; hence, thing,
as cloth, with small spots; tiny spot
itself; person with very small eyes (cp.
u(lu)-Ntuntu); very tiny hole or eye.
as that of a needle.

um-Nungumabele, //. .7. (C.N.) um-Nu-

ngwane.

i-Nungusi, /,. 3. Shad-fish (N).

um-Nungwana or Nungwane. //. .',. Knol
wood or Wild Cardamom, of which there
are two varieties (Zanthoxylon Capense
and Z. Thunbergh), used for toothache,
snake-bite, paralysis, disinfecting dis-
eased meat, etc.

Nunu, int. used to frighten a person, as
as when suddenly holding a snake be-
fore him. See nunwui.

Nunu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nuke.

i-Nunu, w. 3. Name applied indiscriminate-
ly to any wild-animal or other thin-
that inspires with fear.

u-Nununde, n. Kind of snipe.

Nunusa, v. Frighten ;t person (ace.) by
saying nunu to him.

ama-Nupana, Nupe, or Nupelana (Nupha-
nu, Nuphe, Niiphclanu no sing.J, n.
Dirty, ugly, repulsive kind of person,
generally also of weak intellect 1(H)-
Nupungana.

izi-Nupe (Nuphe— no sing.^, n. Something
unpleasant, only as below.

Ex. unga/yilinti, uyakubuya >/> linupe, don't
touch it (the SUake, that girl, etc.), or you
will return with something ugly, something
you won't like (as may l»' -aid in reference
to a vicious animal, or a snappish cross-
tempered girl ).

i(li)-Nupungana (Nup hung ana also in

plur.), n. aiua-Nupana.
Nushu nushu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. -- ncushu-

za.

i -Nushunushu, n. 3. = i-Ncushuncushu.

Nushuza, v. = ncushuza.

NQtu nCitu, ukuti (Nuthu nuthu, ukuthi), >•.
= nukuzela.

isi-Nutunutu (Nuthunuthu), ». isi-Nuku-
nuku.

Nutuzela (Nuthuzela), v. nukuzela.

u(lu)-Nwaba, n. (C.N.) - u(lu)-Nwabu.

u(lu)-Nwabu, a. Chameleon; also u(lu)-
Dwamba.

1'hr. uku-ganwa unwabu (N) = uku-gamca
isele see tukutela.

Nwabuluka (s.k.), r. Co slowly along, like
a chameleon nwabuzela.

Nwabuzela, v. nwabuluka.

um-Nwabuzelo, //. 5. Kind of Fringe work-
ed on the lower side of a girl's bead-
work frontal or loin-belt, Bomewhat
similar to the i(li)-Tumbu.

Nwala, /'. Do a thing well, as join planks,
sew a dress, etc (C.N.). See nomfiya.

NWA

458

NWI

u(lu)-Nwali, ti. Suet, used for making tal-
low (= isi-Nqumela), for polishing hut-
floors and formerly for mixing with
dry cow-dung into torches (see i(li)-Lo-
ngwe ).

Nwaya or Nwayela, v. = divasha; enwaya.

u(lu)-Nwayela, n. = u(lu)-Divashela.

Nwayi nwayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Have a
roughened, tingling, itchy sensation in
the throat, as after eating certain foods;
have an 'itchiness' of heart, as when
uneasy with desire after something;
cause such a sensation in throat, as food,
etc., above = nwayizela. Cp. ukuti hayi
hayi.

Nwayiza or Nwayizela, v. = ukuti nwayi
nwayi.

isi-Nwazana, n. = isi-Ncwayimbana.

u(lu)-Nwazela, n. = u(lu)-Lele.

isi-Nwazi,w. Certain climbing-plant ( Cis-

sus cituei folia) having bunches of black
edible berries; also = isi-Nwazana.
See isi-Rrenama.

Nwe, ukuti (ukuthi — gen. prolonged on
final syU.^, v. Just begin to throw off
the darkness of night and show the first
greyness of dawn (prior to the ukuti
dun).

isi-Nwe, n. Nicety, exactness, properness,
all such good qualities as result from
<-are and attention, as shown in the
work of a painstaking workman, or of
an upright conscientious person trying
a case, etc. Cp. ukuti sive.

Ex. umuntu onesinwe, a person exact hi
every good sense (morally, as in his ordinary
doings).

umu-Nwe, n. 5. Finger [Her. omu-nue;
MZT. mu-nue; Ga. lu-nwe, fingers, col-
lect.].

Phr. iyodwa ngomunwe inkomo kimi, it is
alone on the fingers, is the beast I have *. e.
is only one.

uneminwe uBani, So-and-so has fingers i.e.
\s skilful, clever in works of the hand, as
beadwork, carving, etc. Cp. i-nOalo.

ixinkomo xaxa xashiya 'manure 'munye,
the cattle got to leave out one finger, *'. e.
were nine.

uka-shaya iminwe, to clap the fingers
with a jerk together, as Native women do
when stating vehemently.

Nweba, v. Draw out, stretch, as one might
an elastic band (ace.) or a piece of gum ;
stretch out, straighten out, as a crinkled
cloth by pulling it, a basket by pulling
abroad its sides; stretch out, take fur-
ther abroad, enlarge, exaggerate, spread
abroad, as a field when enlarging its

dimensions, or an affair when exaggerat-
ing it; plait a rope (ace.) of grass or
fibre (cp. pota; see um-Nwebo) [Sw.
wamba, stretch].

Phr. nku-mveba amehlo, to draw out the
eyes, i. e. look in a drowsy, besotted manner,
as one intoxicated or very sleepy.

um-Nweba, n. 5. White Milkwood tree

(Mimusops Caffra); also = um-Nwebo.
Nwebeka (s.k.), v. Get drawn or stretched

out, as above; be stretchable, elastic.
Nwebeiele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Look with

drowsy, dreamy, besotted eyes, as a

sleepy-eyed person or one intoxicated

= ndweza.
um-Nwebelele, n. 5. Sleepy, dreamy-eyed

person, as above (= um-Ndweza); also

= um-Nukuba.

um-Nwebo, n. 5. Rope or string plaited
in the ordinary way of two or three
separate strings. Cp. um-Nyabo; nweba.

Nwebu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nwebuka;
nwebula.

i-Nwebu, n.3. Thin outer-covering or skin,
as that cast off by a snake, peel of thin-
skinned fruit, the outer grass-skin or
sheath of tambootie-grass, or any light
flimsy-textured cloth. Cp. um-Ebuzo.

Nwebuka (s. k.), v. Get torn, or be tear-
able, as below = ukuti nwebu.

Nwebula, v. Rend or tear apart anything
readily yielding to mere pulling, as an
old worn-out blanket (ace), skin that
has been dressed till threadbare, or a
piece of rotten paper = ukuti nwebu.
Cp. cosula.

i-Nwebunwebu, n.3. Thing that easily gets
rent or torn apart by slight pulling, as
above.

ama-Nwele (no sing.), n. = ama-Dhlingosi.

u(lu)-Nwele, n. Single hair, of man (cp.
u(lu)-Dosi); certain shrub (Suther-
landia fructescens), common along do-
nga and river sides [Li. lu-nyuele, hair ;
Sw. Hinz. u-nyele; Suk. u-nyuile; Kag.
njuile ; Gu. njili ; Ru. njiji ; Go. lu-vuile ;
Nyam. nzwile; At. into].

i-Nwenwe, n. 3. Pearl-muscle (C.N.).

Nwepa (Nwepha), v. Scratch, tear with
the claws, as a cat a person (ace.) ; abuse
right and left, tear to pieces with abuse.

Nwi", ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stretch oneself out,
as after a sleep ; lie stretched out at full
length; (C.N.) begin to dawn (see ukuti
nwe). Cp. ukuti twi; u(lu)-Kwikwi.

NwV nwV nwV, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Stretch
out one's legs (figurat. ) i.e. climb tip
with agility or quickness, as up a tree
or hilly ascent.

NXA
Nx', int. supposed rendering

sound 'x' made by a vexed man, and
only used as below. See nxapa.

Ex. muJukiiti nxa Jcittii, don't be Haying
x at me.

Nxa, conj. or adv. If; when = uma.

umu or i-Nxa (in plur. freq. ama-Nxa or
T-Nxa), n. 3. or 5. Side i. e. part of a thing
on one hand or the other; half; party
or faction (when the whole is divided
into two divisions); all the descendants,
or any one of them, of a same father
and mother, i. e. of the same hut or di-
vision of a kraal or family. See i-Nxe-
nye; u(lu)-Hlangoti [Her. omu-ko, side
or direction].

Ex. uxibuka amcuixa amabili, ubuka-ni?
you look at yourself on both sides or hands,
what are yon looking at? — as might be said
to a person regarding the sitting of his dress
on both sides of the body.

esontweni slhlexi ngamanxa amabili, in
church we sit in two divisions, some on one
hand, others on the other.

bebehlexi ngomunxa wabo, they were sitting
according to their own side or party.

oivamupi nmunxa wena na? of which side
are you? — as in cricket or a fight.

si'munxa munye naye, we are of the same
side or branch of the family or ancestral
kraal.
Nxada, v. Tack or bind loosely together
for temporary necessity, as, when build-
ing a hut, a few temporary wattles are
bound crosswise to hold together the
parts, or a few layers of grass are tem-
porarily placed over the framework to
answer before the permanent thatching,
or when tacking together a rush-mat or
dress previous to sewing, etc. Cp. hida.

i(li)-Nxadi, n. Rush-mat for lining the in-
side of a hut between the framework
and the outer thatch. Cp. isi-Hlandhla.

isi-Nxadi, n. Person whose head droops
habitually to one side, as some coy girls.

i(li)-Nxahi, n. Bull castrated when already
of adult age and having served cows.

i-Nxakanxaka, n. 3. See i-nXakanxaka.

i(li)-Nxala, n. Red rhebuck or roebuck
( Cervicapra Lalandii ).

Nxanela, v. Seek strongly to get or have
a thing (ace), desire ( with effort ) to
\ obtain, be after a thing with desire, as
a boy seeking desirously after cattle
(not merely passively desire or covet
= fisa).

i-Nxantela, n. 3. See i-nXantela.

Nxanxa, v. Coax an animal (ace.) to stand
quiet by scratching or patting it, or re-
moving ticks from it = nqanqa.

459 NXE

of the i-Nxanxatela, //. -V. See i-nXanxateta.
Nxanye, j> rep. ntlanye.
Nxapa (Nxapha), r. Utter the interjection

x, expressive of vexation or dislike,
as Native men do. Cp. nrintfu.

i(li)-Nxapepa (Nxaphepha), n. i(li)-Nxe-

pep a.

Nxasa, v. = nxusa.

Nxashana, adv. = nxa.

Nxayipi (Nxayiphi), adv. Where? ///,
kupi, etc.

u-Nxazonke (s.k.),n. Person who takes
all sides, agrees with all parties in a
dispute. Cp. u-Vumazonke.

i(li)-Nxeba, n. Wound; plur. ama-Nxeba,
certain body pains, in the sides and be-
tween the shoulders, arising from inter-
costal neuralgia, pleurodynia, pleurisy,
rheumatism, etc., and regarded by the
Natives as a specific disease. See awn-
Ngive.

um-Nxeba, n. 5. Small or single piece of
fibre or tendon. See u(lu)-Zi; ti(lu)-
Singa.

i(li)-Nxele, n. Left-handed person; ox hav-
ing one horn up and receding, the other
down and round before the face; also
ox with both horns bending slightly
round before the face one above the
other (cp. i(li)-Godhla; i(li)-Xonxo).

isi-Nxele, n. Left hand (the right being
esokuposa or esokudhla, or as below ».

ubu or uku-Nxele, n. 'Left-handed' direc-
tion ; left-handedness.

Ex. ngesobunxelr, with the left hand.
ngakwesobunxele, on the left hand of with
na or kwa) —on the right hand !>eiiiLr ujn-
kwesobunene or ngakwesokuposa.

i-Nxeleha, n. S. Person who has killed
another, gen. in battle, and who, before
returning home, must first perform cer-
tain ceremonies to purity himself of the
evil taint (see qunga)\ assegai that has
killed a person, as in war, and which
is afterwards carried by the owner
with the blade pointing upwards, not,
as is usual, horizontally in the hand
i-nGwazi [prob. from some obsolete root
— cp. Xo. nxweleha, wound in a battle].

i-Nxemu, //. 3. — see i-nGxemu.

i(li)-Nxenge, //. Small bird, resembling the
i(li)-Ntiyane.

Nxenxa, v. (C.N.) nxanxa.

i-Nxenye (fr. i-Xxu ami mye),n.3. The
one side, part, or half, as of a slaugh-
tered buck, or party. See i-Xxu.

Kx. inxenye ihambe noBani, inxenye yw-
hamba noBani, one half (of the back) went

/

NXE 460

off with So-and-so and the other with So-
and-so.

Nxepe (Nxepke), int. said to a person who
has suffered some hurt, in order to
soothe or express sympathy with him,
as when he lias cut his finger, or knock-
ed his foot against a stone, and equi-
valent to Eng. 'never mind! oh, pardon
me! look out! take care! up again! etc'
the contrary thereto being ashila.

Ex. nxepe, 'mfo wetu, kuleyo'nduku for
ngaleyo'nduku) yami, don't take offence, good
fellow, at that knock with ray stick (it was
an accident).

Nxepe pa (Nxephepha), hit. = nxepe.

i(li)-Nxepepa (Nxephepha), n. An apolo-
gising, pardon-asking = i(li)-Nxapepa.
Ex. kantt ungishaya nyenxepepa'f do you
then strike me with an apology? — said com-
plainingly to a person who after having
struck another, immediately asks pardon.

Nxepezela (Nxephezela), v. Sa}r nxepe to
a person (ace) as above.

isi-Nxepezelo (Xxephezelo), n. Some small
present given, or words uttered, as a
soother or salve to a person injured, as
above.

Nxese, int. = nxepe.

Nxesezela, v. = nxepezela — mostly used
by women.

Nx'i, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ngxi.

isi-Nxi, n. Sensation of darkness coming
over the eyes when about to faint or
when suddenly standing up, from sud-
den rush of blood to the head. Cp.
i-nZuluwane.

Nxiba, v. Be always after, as when pes-
tering a person (ace.) for money, etc.;
be always at, as a person continually
doing something, as stealing, going to
a certain kraal, etc. (with uku =jinga);
put the um-Nxibo through the headstall
of a cow.

Ex. uloku enginxibUe, he is persistently
after me (as when he wants to beg some-
thing, or have a quarrel with me ).

///■//// riliili- ukweba, he is always at stealing,
always after some opportunity for stealing.

um-Nxibo, n. 5. Stick of any kind passed
through the two strings of the head
.-tall, and before the nose, of a cow while
being milked in order to make it feel
as being held and so stand quiet. See
a iiba.

Nximfa, v. = ncimfa.

i-Nximfi, a. 3. = i-Ncimfi.

isi-Nxi mfi, n. = isi-Ncimfi.

i(li)-Nxiwa, v. Kraal-site, whether prospec-

NYA

tive, at present dwelt upon, or (the
most freq. use) obi and deserted.

Ex. ngixa 'kucela inxiwa hkwaka, I come
to ask a site to build upon.

inxiwa elihle leli es'ake kulo, it is a good
kraal-site where we are now living.

P. 6'manxiwa kawamili 'mbuya — see
/-in Buy a.
i-Nxobongo, n. 3. See i-nXobongo.
i-Nxonxo, n. 3. See i-nXonxo.

Nxotoza (Nxothoza), v. Look down with
shame, be ashamed, as one whose pri-

• vate faults have been publicly exposed
- — kopoza.

i-Nxovanxova, n. 3. See i-nXovanxova.

i-Nxoza, n. 3. See i-nXoza.

i(li)-Nxuluma, n. Any large kraal, i.e. con-
sisting of a large number of huts. Cp.
isi-Tumutumu.

um-Nxuma, n. 5. Native 'sucking-bottle',
formed of a little bag of skin with a
small hole at the bottom through which
the infant sucks, the mother holding the
bag suspended before her breast; a si-
milar thing used for young goats, etc.

Nxusa, v. Ask a favour of a person (ace),
as that he do something for another =
nxasa. Cp. ncenga.

i(li)-Nxusa, n. Messenger of the Zulu king
i. e. anybody sent by him with a mes-
sage or order.

um-Nxwazibe, n. 5. Certain plant resem-
bling the isi-Kwali, whose long root is
pounded for fibre.

i-Nxweleha, n. 3. = i-Nxeleha.

i-Nxwemu, n. 3. See i-nXivemu.

Nya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do, or be done,
completely; be finished entirely; often
equivalent to Eng. adverbs 'completely,
thoroughly, entirely, altogether' = ukuti
she, ukuti sile, etc. [Ha. da, entirely].

Ex. ummbila us'ute nya, the mealies are
now entirely finished.

sekunyamalele nya, it has now altogether
disappeared.

ixinkomo xaivuti nya ummbila ka'Bani, the
cattle have completely cleared off the mea-
lies of So-and-so.

a/ngisamboni, us'ete nya, I no longer see
him, he has vanished outright.
Nya, v. Discharge excrements, blood
(ace), etc., from the bowels, stool — the
word is not liked in polite conversation,
when hi pa, ukuya ngapandhle, etc.,
would be used [Her. nia, stool; Sw\ Bo.
nya, fall, as rain = Z. ?ia].

Phr. uaflka wanya nanya intlamba lapa
ekaya, he came and discharged all kinds of
dirty speech here iu the kraal.

NYA 461

unya indoni (ox okuntsundu) namakitoa-
ne (ox nokumhlope), he evacuates itmdoni

berries (or, black things) and wild-figs (or,
and white things) — applied to a great liar,
given to falsehoods of every description
(sometimes used with uku-takata).

P. yanya, yadhla (inja), it (the dog)
Btooled arid then ate = the dog returned
to its vomit — as may be said of a girl
who, after having rejected a sweetheart,
subsequently returns to him.

i(li)-Nya, n. Desire in the heart to pay
somebody or something- out, to make
up for what loss or harm it has caused,
such as experienced by a diligent per-
son who has found himself prevented
from doing the work he had set his
heart on and so retains in his heart a
feeling that on the morrow he will
'have it out of the work' or make it
pay for its rest yesterday, or in a
similar manner of a man who has had
to go hungry one day but makes
amends when he comes across food, or
of a person who retains a spiteful, re-
vengeful feeling against another; (C.N.)
= i(li)-Nyelo; plur. ama-Nya (no sing.),
the belly or underparts of a snake;
hence used gen. for things or matters
that ought to be concealed, as being of
an unpleasant nature.

Ex. nginenya lomsebenxi, I have an angry
feeling or determination to do some work
which has had to stand to-day, make up
for it (when I can get to it again).

sengikipe inya lexolo (lokulamba), I have
now expelled the detennination-to-make-up
(for hunger) of yesterday — as a man
might say after having at length come
across a good meal.

way'ekipa inya (ox way'epind'iwya) kuye,
he was having his revenge on him (actually
or metaphor.).

inyoka yabekisa a/manya pextdu, the snake
turned over on its back [lit. made its under-
parts look upwards).

wavexa amanya abo, he exposed all their
ugly private doings or affairs.

7(li)-Nya fpron. ii-Nya, the prefix being
long), n. Complete clearance and con-
sequent emptiness, entire finishing off
mostly used in the form ngenya, as
below. See ukuti nya.

Ex. ixinkuni ungaxibcka la/pa, kwoba inya,
if you put your firewood here, it will be a
matter of complete disappearance (you'll fiud
nothing left).

iima uxibeka lapa, uyakuxibona ngenya,
if you put them here, you will rind them
only as an empty spot /. e. all gone.

u(lu)-Nya, n. Absolute destitution of tender

NYA

feeling toward's others, bard-heartedn<
callousness of suffering, and (in a more
positive sense) consequent harshni
unmerciful severity, as when one
the property of another being wasted
id- destroyed without any concern, or
who passes a person helpless in suf-
fering in a cold unconcerned manner.

Ex. unonya lowo'mimtu, he U unfeeling,
harsh in his treatment, cruel, is that man.

l'lir. unya Iwabasha luyapindana, oh
lukaxi lupindana ngoywayi for ngomlilo),
the harshness of young people brings other
harshness back, that of old women i- repaid
in the matter of snuff (or fire) — as might
be said by one man to another, who has
been guilty of some ungracious action to-
wards him, and insinuating that his retalia-
tion will be like that of the 'young-people'.
Nyaba, v. Mold the hand (not both hand-
together -- see kangeza) hollowed in
order to receive something (ace), as a
handful of amasi; plait or twist a rope
or string (ace.) in a loose (not tightly,
closely drawn) manner (cp. qolonqa).

um-Nyaba, n. 5. Hand held hollowed at
the palm, as when about to receive a
handful of something (cp. u-Kweshe)\
also = i-Nyanda < though mostly so
used by women ).

Nyabalaza, y. Let slide down the throat
bodily, gulp down in a mass by opening
the throat wide, as any draught of nasty
medicine or other thine one does not
want to taste = nyuinhnlaza, Uunhula-
zd, nyanyalaza.

Nyabalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nyabalaza.

Nyabela, y. Make a person hold the hand
hollowed to receive, i.e. give him (ace.)
a handful of something, as amasi < with
nga ).

isi-Nyabo, ». An obtaining easily, without
any effort— only used adverbially as
ngesinyabo = ngeze.

Ex. esilungwini umuntu uyaxuxa imali
ngesinyabo, among the whitemen a person
gets money for a mere nothing.

isi-Nyabulala, n. Small child or infant still
too young to have any consciousn
I ///.'one who stools while lying down).

i-Nyabule, //. 3. A bare thing, smooth-
surfaced thing, thine- free of surface
irregularity or unevenness, as a head
totally bald ( = i-mPunyunga i. a -pot
on the veldt bare of grass < u(lu)-
Qwata), a sleek cow or smooth-skinned
dog; person who Blips easily through
life, with no 'aneles' about him to gel
chipped, applied to one who has a body
always \'vr from disease, always an

NYA 462

even-tempered cheerful heart who emer

NYA

ges smoothly from any danger, who
comes from the mother's womb free of
any taint, etc.

Ex. toapuma ey'inyabulc, he came out
quite smoothly, unscratched, unharmed.

Nyafu nyafu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. (C.N.) =

ukuti nyamfu nyamfu.
Nyafuza, v. (C.N.) = nyamfuza.
Nyaka (s. k.), adv. = nyakana.
i(li)-Nyaka (s.k.), n. (C.N.) = ama-Nyikwe.

u or um- Nyaka (s. k.), n. 5. Year i. e. from
the commencement of one spring to that
of another; sometimes applied solely to
summer season or season of field-work;
also nowadays applied indiscriminately
among educated Kafirs for any completed
twelve months. Cp. nonyaka; nyake-
nyc; nyakomunye; nyakana [Sw. Ga.
Bo. etc. mwaka; Ha. siekara; Gall a.

yogga}.

Ex. unyaka wanonyaka mubi, the season
this year has been bad.

ama-Nyakabana (s.k.), n. Anything dishev-
elled, all tossed up and about in dis-
order, as a disordered head of hair, a
fowl with the feather's all ruffled (gen.
by nature), a hut with the thatch all
thrown about by the wind, or the un-
kempt beard of a man.

Nyakafula (s. k.), v. Scold or rate a person
(ace.) with strong abuse, gen. of a pain-
ful, personal nature.

Nyakama (s. k.), v. Make a wry or dis-
torted face, as after drinking nasty me-
dicine, at a disgusting sight or offensive
person ; make a grim, morose, scowling
face, as one angry; come over ugly,
have the countenance ruffled or distorted
(metaphor.), as the sky when threaten-
ing black clouds are gathering previous
to rain. Cp. hwaqa.

Nyakambisa (Nyakambhisa), v. Moisten
anything dry in order to soften it, as
grain (ace.) or rushes by sprinkling with
water when grinding or weaving; deceive
by fair words; talk falsely but fairly
i. e. talk by habit in a false, double-toned
manner, as a person who, having talked
something injurious about another, after-
wards, when charged therewith, explains
his action away by fair 'moistened'
words intended to deceive = nyambisa.

i(li)-Nyakambisa or Nyakambisi (Nyaka-
mbhisa or Nyakambhisi), n. One given
to deceiving by fair words, or who after
having spoken badly of another and
subsequently charged therewith, explains
away his action by soft, fair words =
i(li)-Nyambi$i,

Nyakambula (Nyakambhula), v. — nyaka-
fula.

Nyakamisa (s. k.), v. Half-wash a thing
(ace.) leaving it still dirty, as a pot, shirt,
or one's body.

Nyakana (s. k.), adv. In the year when, at
the season when. Cp. mhla.

Ex. nyakana siftkayo, in the year or sea-
sou when we arrived.
Nyakanya (s. k.), v. Move or turn about in
a disorderly manner, as a lot of clothes
(ace), pots, etc., when looking for some-
thing among them ; turn or pull out one
thing (ace.) from among a mass (cp.
keta) — ny alula.

um-Nyakanya (s.k.),n.o. Single stick of
i(li)-Sakabuli feathers, of which a couple
(imi- Nyakanya) are fixed to the head
as an ornament at dances, etc. Cp. i(li)-
Dhlokolo; isi-Saka; i-mBang ayiya.

isi or i-Nyakanyaka (s. k.), n. 3. Confusion
or commotion of a lot of things moving
disorderly about, as a tumultuous crowd
or mass of people moving about at a
feast = isi-Pitipiti. Cp. i-nTsipuntsipu.

ubu-Nyakanyaka (s. k.), n. State of confu-
sion, as above.

i-Nyakato (Nyakatho),n.S. North-east wind
(cp. i-Ningizimu; um-Zantsi; i(li)-Shi-
sandhlu); loc. eNyakato, in the north-
east ( i. e. country or direction ).

Ex. s'ake le enyakato, we live away in the
north-east country.
Nyakaza (s.k.), v. Move about (intra?is.)
in a confused, tumultuous, disorderly,
lively manner, as a crowd of people at
a feast, a mass of maggots, or a per-
son's mind when agitated; hence, bestir
oneself, as a lot of women bustling bu-
sily about any work, or even a single
individual moving himself actively in
any matter; move, move about, stir, ge-
nerally, as an animal, apparently dead
or asleep, when moving slightly, or
anything when slightly shaken = sipu-
za, pitiza [Her. nyinganyinga, move].

Nyakazisa (s. k.), v. Move ( trans.) disor-
derly about, put in confusion, as a lot
of orderly-placed clothes or pots (ace);
make to move or show a slight move-
ment, as a thing (ace.) by slightly shak-
ing it.

i-Nyakeni (s. k.), n. S. Spoon-bag, woven
differently to the um-Godhlo.

Nyakenye (s. k.), adv. Last year; next year.
See u-Nyaka.

i(li)-Nyakenye (s.k.),n. The last, or the

next year.
Nyakomunye (s.k.), adv. Year before last;

year after next.

NYA

463

NYA

Ex. nyakomutvya womunye or nyahomunye
kwanyakomtenye, third year backwards, or
forwards.

Nyaku. ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = nyakula.

Nyakula (s.k.),v. Remove a thing (ace.)
stealthily so as not to be heard or
known, whether simply in order not to
disturb the hearer, in order to make
away with or steal it, or for any other
purpose. Cp. eba.

Nyaku nyaku, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti
nyatu nyatu.

Nyakuza (s. k.), v. = nyatuza.

Nyala, v. Lick, lick up, clean off with a
sweep of the tongue, as a child licking
a plate (ace), or the food left thereon,
or as a cat licking itself [Her. nyanga,
lick up].

ama- Nyala (no sing.), n. Any disgusting
thing, affair, or action, as dirty manners
in dealing with food, any filthy bodily
act (as of an obscene nature), disgusting
talk of any description, or any horrible,
abominable, ugly matter or event. Cp.
i(li)-Cilo.

i- Nyala, n. 3. Species of antelope ( Trage-
laphus angasi).

Nyala nyala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nyalaza.

i(li)-Nyalanyala, n. One wdio moves the
eyes about in an ashamed or guilty-
looking manner, as below. Cp. i(li)-
Shalashala.

Nyalaza, v. Move the eyes about in an
\ ashamed, guilty -looking manner, unable
to look people in the face, as one con-
scious of having done wrong = nyebeza.
Cp. nyemuza; nyeza; shalaza [Sw. nya-
ta, sneak].

i-Nyali, n. 3. Falsehood (C.N.).

i(li)-Nyalinyali, n. Double-faced, double-ton-
gued person — see nyaliza = i-nTwaxa.

Nyaliza, v. Put out and move about the
tongue, as a snake, or a double-faced
child putting out the tongue at some-
body behind his back; hence, act or talk-
in a double-faced, deceiving manner, ap-
pearing as a friend before one's face
and acting as an enemy behind one's
back (cp. nyakambisa; i(li)-Nyali)iyali).

Nyalula, v. = nyakanya.

Nyaluti, adj. = nyawoti.

u-Nyaluti, n. = u-Nyawoti.

i-Nyama, n. 3. Flesh, meat; often used for
the bodily substance of a thing gener-
ally, as the pulp of fruit, the wood of a
tree; hence, sometimes adverbially, as
below, meaning 'self, in person'; />h/r.
izi-Nyama, fleshiness, bulkiness of body

in man or beasi (lit. the different
'fleshes' that are put on t<> fill out the
body and make it plump and robust I
[Hi. ma, is, in. •at; Ar. I<ihm\ I. at earo\

Urv. o-nyama; Sw. Bo. Ga. m/nmn ;
Ba. niama; Nyanye. inama] I. it. nama\
Son. 1kuh\ Ha. nama\ Bush, an; Wol.
yap a].

Phr. inyama emhlope, fat (ol meat).
inyama ebomvu, lean i of meat |.
ngokunika inyama yenyoka, I will give

you the flesh of a snake i.e. something Dice
that you have never eaten before— as might
be said to a child when coaxing it to do
something.

umimtu onenyama ey'indhlubundhlubu, a
generally disliked, unpopular person. -
is-Anywane.

lashiwo ng'ttye inyama yoke, it was said
by him himself, with his own lips.

wahlaba enyameni, you hit in the body
i.e. struck the nail on the head, hit home,
said or did exactly what was wanted.

ngvy'inyama emanayc (or ebindayo) kubo,
I am a choking bit of meat to them, i •.
death, a hateful morsel to them.

kusakula ixinyama, the bulk <f the body is
still filling out, as might be said of a grow-
ing boy.

inexinyama leyo'ndoda, he is well filled
out, of stout bulky build, is that man.

isi-Nyama (Nyaama), />. Black Btorminese
of the sky, as when a severe storm is
gathering — only used as below ; applied
also, as below, to a person furiously
angry. Cp. um-Nyama.

Phr. selihlwe (ox seligande) nesinyama, it
(the sky I has darkened with a black-storm
(as of heavy thunder, a cyclone, etc); or in
reference to a man in a furious rage.

um-Nyama, n. 5. A reddening or darken-
ing of the skin, appearing in long stri
or patches on the breasts, legs, etc., gen.
about the time of the attaining to pu-
berty.

um-Nyama (Nyaama), n. 5. seeum-Mnyd-
ma.

Nyamalala, v. Disappear, vanish. Cp. ukuti
nya.

um-tiyamat\(Nyamathi),n.5. Certain largs
tree, a kind of essenwood ( Ekebergta
Capemw or Meyeri).

i-Nyamazane, n.3. Any wild animal, as
lion, byaena, etc.; in a more particular
sense, such as are eatable, mostly, though
not necessarily, of the buck species;
skin of any Buch animal, dressed for
wear; any of a certain class of diseases
supposed to be caused by 'animal' me-
dicines or charms, as the sinking of the

NYA

464

NYA

fontanel (from spurious hydrocephalus)
in an infant, or the i(li)-Zembe sexual
diseases in men, or abortion in women,
etc. Cp. isi-Lwane [Sw. nyama, animal;
Ba. niama\ Mor. najo\.

y.B. When a child is born it is washed
arid immediately held in the smoke of burn-
ing animal charms, comprising a small par-
ticle of every possibly obtainable animal of
ill-luck. It is afterwards giveu to drink of
the same. This is supposed to act as a
prophylactic against all kinds of i-nyama-
tane disease which it may have contracted
while in the womb. Should the child grow
up to enjoy sound health, it is said xapelela
ixinyamaxane < they were all rightly com-
bined, were the animal-charms); but should
it grow up e.g. to be more or less stupid,
it is said kwavama ivondwe (there was too
much of the water-rat), and so on.

Nyambalaza (Nyambhalaza), v. = nyaba-
hi~((.

Nyambalazi, ukuti (Nydmbhalazi, ukuthi),
v. = ukuti nyabalazi.

Nyambisa (Xyambhisa), v. = nyakambisa.

i(li)-Nyambisa or Nyambisi (Xyambhisi),n.
= i(li)-Nyakambisi.

Nyamfu nyamfu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nya-
mfuza.

i-Nyamfunyamfu, n. 3. Thoroughly indolent
person, too lazy to do anything for him-
self (= i-Nyoka); mealie-grains boiled
till sodden and burst = ama-Nyikwe.

Nyamfuza, v. Turn about, as a lot of mag-
gots (cp. nyakaza); eat or champ any
food (ace.) with the mouth unbecoming-
ly open and the offensive noise nyamfu
/nyamfu, as children sometimes do when
eating a big mouthful.

Nyampu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.),v. = nya-
mpuza.

i(li)-Nyampunyampu (s. p.), n. Quick doer,
sharp workman who gets a job done in
no time.

Nyampuza (s.p.),v. Do in one rapid move-
ment, instantaneously, in a jiffy, as
lightning when flashing, a noisy crowd
becoming instantaneously silent upon
an order from the chief, or a workman
finishing off a job in an unusually short
time.

Ex. /• 'a si in- ' wati nyampu (or wanya-
mpuia), kiriipiln, he iust did it off in no
time, as any job.

isi-Nyamu, n. Very small infant (= isi-
Nyabulala ) ; an adult of a stupidly quiet
nature, with not a word to say (cp.
isv-Tuli)] (O.N.) young impunzi or other

l)U<k.

Nyamu nyamu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nya-
muzela.

Nyamuzela, v. = nyanyateka.

i-Nyanda, n. 3. Long, bulky bundle, as of
firewood, wattles, grass, etc., for carry-
ing on the head = um-Nyaba; cp. i(li)-
Xa [Her. ou-handu, sticks of firewood].

i-Nyandezulu, n. 3. Certain green snake,
with black markings about the neck and
sides, regarded when young as a mes-
senger (cp. ti(lu)-Nyandhla) from a
royal or very high-class i-dhlozi — see
i-Mamba [Ga. noandagalla, bright
green snake].

u(lu)-Nyandh la, w.Man sent with a secret mes-
sage, as to warm another of approaching
danger = u(lu)-Qunga, u(lu)-Baqa.

isi-Nyandolo, n. = isi-Nyandula.

Nyandu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make open or
expose the interior parts of the pudenda,
as a girl sitting indecently (= rranu-
la); expose the gums show the teeth,
as a dog when angry or a toothless
person when laughing; open the mouth
at a person i. e. fly at him with angry
words, as an ill-tempered individual
who doesn't want to be addressed =
nyandula, nyanduza, ukuti nyantu.

Nyandula or Nyanduza, v. = ukuti nyandu.

i-Nyandula, n. 3. Person with no front
teeth and who exposes the gums (= see
ukuti nyandu) when laughing = i-Nya-
ntula.

isi-Nyandula, n. An irritable, angry-tem-
pered person who will 'show the teeth'
at one if touched or spoken to = isi-
Nyantula.

Nyanga (Nyaanga), v. Do or work with
skill, in an expert, clever way (seldom
used) [Sw. ganga, doctor].

i-Nyanga (Nyaanga), n. 3. An expert, one
skilled in any handicraft or profession ;
hence, one skilled in medicine, a doctor
(eyoktvelapa); one skilled in necro-
mancy or witchery (eyokubula) or in
divination by bones (eyamatambo) (=
um-Ngoma); one skilled in composing
songs and dances (eyokuqamba or eyo-
kuhaya); one skilled in metal- working,
blacksmith (eyokukand intsimbi), etc.
Cp. u-Ngoti; u-Hodoba [Per. mag,
priest; hat. augur, soothsayer; Sw. Bo.
m- gang a, doctor; Her. o-nganga, witch-
doctor; MZT. in-ganga, doctor; Ang.
Cong. nga?iga; Gab. u-ganga; Nyam.
nzanga ; tvuwanga, medicine ; At. olinge,
fetish-priest].

Ex. baye 'kubula enyangeni, they have
gone to consult the witch-doctor.

/

NYA

i- Nyanga, /?..'/. Moon; month (lunar);
euphem. for the monthly flow of a fe-
male (see geza, potela); white mark on
the nail or sometimes the tooth of cer-
tain people (— i-mVu) [Skr. masa,
month; Ar. "amur, moon; Hi. cliatul;
Mamb. angue; Kag. m-lmge', Ma. elaba;
Bui. i-pan; Sak. f'anzava].

Ex. inyanga iyetwasa, the moon in just
appearing, as on the day of the new moon ;
itwese, it has appeared, as a new moon in
the first day or two; is'il\ucex>u, it is in the
first quarter; isHhdangene or is'idilmgene, it
is now full moon; is' ihlepukile or is'il'u-
cexii, it is in the last quarter; is'ifulatele
exantsi or is'ipetele exantsi, it is towards
the end of the last quarter when the cres-
cent gets to lean down Hat towards the
east, not standing vertically as before; is'i-
Uibamuxa, it is the last day before disap-
pearance, or sometimes also, it is already
full; is'i/i/f, it has gone or disappeared; nr/'o-
lumnyama namhla, it is the black or very
dark day to-day i. c. the one immediately
following the moon's disappearance, and with
the Natives a day of .solemn retreat, absti-
nence from work and pleasure-seeking; ng'o-
lumhlope namhla, it is a white or brighter
day to-day i. e. the second after disappear-
ance of moon and oue immediately preceding
its reappearance, upon which the Natives
are free again to work; isHyetwasa, it is
coming in or appearing; is' ihlekwe inyoni,
it is laughed at by the chattering birds /. e.
when setting just before sunrise.
ubu-Nyanga (Nyaanga), n. Skill, as of an

expert of any kind. See nydnga.
Nyangala, v. Lead a lazy, indolent life,

doing nothing.
i-Nyangisisa (Nyaangisisa), n. 3. Very

clever, skilful doctor,
u or um-Nyango (Nyaango), n. 1. or 5.
Storehouse for shields, built like a small
hut standing on the top of stout poles
perhaps ten feet long and reached by a
kind of ladder; wicker shelf built inside
of a hut for the same purpose = i-mPa-
lane.
um-Nyango, n. 5. Doorway; (C.N.) people
of one family when several descend from
one ancestor ( see u(lu)-Zalo, umu-Nxa )
[Po. mu-yango, doorway ; Sw. Ga. Ya.
m-lango; Bo. tang a],
um-Nyani, u. 5. Ear of Kafir-corn when
empty after threshing (cp. isi-Koba,
u(lu)-Gaba); also = i(li)-Gxebe.
isi-Nyanja, n. — isi-Coto.
Nyanka (s. Jc), v. (C.N.) = nyonka.
um-Nyankomo (s. k.), n. 5. Kind of soft,
lawn-like grass {Eleusine indica) com-
mon outside kraals,

I

"**Y

r~

465 NYA

Nyanta (s.t.),v. \'»- only half, or imper-
fectly cooked, as any food [used in perf.

= nukubala) \ be in a bali-cooked Btate

(metaphor) Le. feel unpleasantly un-
comfortable or uneasy, as when a wit-
ness is giving evidence which one Fears

will let the cal out of the bag or impli-
cate him, or a boy who has done wrong
and fears punishment when bis father
suddenly enters the hut.

Ex. kwnyantisa u/mximba ukubona loko,
to see that is quite unpleasant to the right,
one's feelings.

Nyantu, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. t.), v. ukuti

nyandu.

Nyantula or Nyantuza (a. t.), v. = nyandu-
la.

i-Nyantula (s.t.),n.3. = i-Nyandula.

isi-Nyantula (s.t.),n. = isi-Nyandula.

Nyanya (Nyaanya), v. = enyanya.

i-Nyanyadu, it. 3. = um-Nyanyali.

Nyanyalata (Nyanyalatha), v. Scamp work,
do it in a careless, superficial, half kind
of way through indifference or laziness
= shampuza.

Nyanyalaza, v. = nyabalaza.

Nyanyalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti

nyabalazi.

um-Nyanyali, n. 5. Any 'very nice' objesl
among its kind, as a dainty dress or
body decoration, a daintily dressed
person, a handsome vase or walking-
stick, a fine well-groomed horse, etc.
= i-Nyanyadu.

1iyanyateka(Nyanyatheka),v. Ooze through,
as beer through a grass-vessel or wa-
ter through a porous jar; burn badly,
scarcely coming to flame, as firewood
that is too green or over-decayed; smile
or grin foolishly to oneself, put on a
stupid-looking smile, as idiots habitu-
ally do (cp. nyewuzela) = nyamuzela.

u-Nyasa, n. Old mealies (generally, though
not necessarily, more or less rotten)
from the season before last. Cp. u(lu)-
Pata; is-Angcobe.
Nyantela (Nyathela),v. Tread, place the
foot on the ground when stepping;
tread on, as on any object (ace) on the
around; crush under, as a wagon-wheel
anything (ace.) it passes over (by way
of comparison); perform the prelimi-
nary or private feast of the first fruits
or um-kosi omncane, as the Zulu king
was accustomed to do < eshtoama ).
Cp. gxobagxoba [Her. yata, tread; Bo.
jata; Sw. kanyanga].
Nyatelisa (Nyathelisa), v. Offer a present,
offer tribute to the Zulu king (ace)

30

NYA

466

NYE

when passing through a kraal or
staying in one's vicinity, as of a beast,
etc. (with nga). Cp. hlabisa.

um-Nyateliso (Nyatheliso), n. 5. Present
of a beast, etc., offered to the chief
as above.

i-Nyatelo (Xyathelo), n. 3. Certain shrub
whose leaves are used medicinally for
stomach pains and for killing lice.

i-Nyati (Xyaathi; sometimes shorty, n. 3.
Buffalo; sometimes applied to a very
strong man [Sw. nyati; Bo. nyate; Her.
o-nyati] MZT. inyati; Ba. nzali; Di.

P. aku'nyati ifahlulwa Hole, there's no
i old) buffalo that was ever got the better
.if by its calf.

inyati ibuxwa kwabapambili, the buffalu
is enquired about from those further on =
you should seek your information from
those who have better knowledge, more
experience.
ubu-Nyati (Xyathi), n. Ornamental band
of plaited buffalo-skin worn round the
head by young-men. Cp. isi-Pandhla;
isi-Punga.
i-Nyatuko (Xyathuko), n.3. = i-nDhlela
( the word was originally used in Zulu-
land to hlonipa the name of the chief
induna u-Ndhlela, and is now only used
for hlonipa purposes by women).

Nyatu nyatu, ukuti (Xydthu nyhthu, iiku-
thi), V. = nyatuza, ukuti nyaku nyaku.

Nyatuza (Xyathuza), v. Tread gently or
softly, as in order to avoid noise, as a
thief, or when walking over sharp cut-
ting objects = nyakuza.

u(lu)-Nyawo, n. Foot; footprint; footstep.
Cp. i(li)-Zwane [Sw. uayo, sole of foot;
Bo. lu-ayo, footstep; Her. o-nyu, foot
of animal; Ngu. lu-ayo, foot; Kamb.
ii-iiyai; Kag. i-yayo; Mo. nyao).

P. unyawo aluna'mpumttlo for aluna'me-
hlo, luy'impumpute nje), the foot has no
nose i or particular direction), or it has no
eyes, it is just a blind thing — and may at
any time fall in just there where it didn't
want — used as a threat to a man who has
refused food to a stranger and meaning
that some-day he himself may just chance
to come to the stranger's kraal, when he
will !)«• similarly treated.

u(lu)-Nyawo-lupezu-kwolunye (li.p.; s.k.),u.
Certain whelk-like sea-shell (also fish
therein > used medicinally for dropsy
of the feet and disease of the uvula.

u(lu)-Nyawo-lwenkuku (a. k.), n. Variety of
the i(li)-Dumbi lakwa'Zulu having long-
shaped tubers.

Nyawoti, (Xyawothi), adj. Ox. etc., of a
light brown or light muddy colour. See
mdaka; mdubu.

u- Nyawoti (Xyawothi), n. Kind of millet,
occasional^ grown by Natives.

Nyaza, v. Speak disparagingly of a person,
as by saying that one who has been
very liberal, has given nothing (C.N.).

u-Nyazi,«. Small kind of broad-mouthed
basket, made of grass and furnished
with a lid or covering, and used for
um-caba.

u(lu)-Nyazi, n. = um-Bani; (Mod.) some-
times used for electricity.

P. uyitate ngonyaxi (Iwexidu,), you would
take it like lightuing (if you could get it)
— expressing the strong admiration and
desire of a person for any fine thiug.

Nyazima, v. Lighten, discharge lightning,
whether sheet or forked, as the heavens
(i-zidu); have sharp, shooting pains
anywhere in the body = nyazimula,
baneka.

Nyazimula or Nyazimulisa, v. = nyazima.

Nye, adj. One; another; freq. meaning
simply 'a'tplur. abanye (amanye, etc.)
some; others [Skr. any a, other; eka,
one; Pers. aniya, other; Gr. hen, one;
Hi. ek; Bu. weka; MZT. mui; Kag. Her.
nine; Sha. Li. etc. mivc; Nyam. Ga. mo;
Sw. etc. mosi; Zir. etc. mose; Cong.
moshi; Com. monsi; Ibo. nna].

Ex. umuntu munye ('or emunye), one per-
son.

umuntu omunye, another person.

nginike olunye ukamba, ngitele loku, give
me a pot, that I may pour this in.

abanye kabako, some are not here.

bapi abanye? where are the others.

nijenani ng abanye, enter one by one.

bayatola ng abanye nje, they receive just
by single ones, singly ; or by odd oues,
just one here and there.

omunye nomunye, one and the other, one
another.

sangena kwomunye umuxi, safwnanisa
kupuxwa utshwala, we entered a (or a certain )
kraal, and found them drinking beer.

■si banye nabo, we are one with them i. e.
of the same set, family, origin, etc.

amavwi exincwadi xombili ab'e manye,
the words of both letters were the same.

sipuza ama/nxi manye nabo, we drink the
same water as they.

leta amanye (amanxi), bring some more.

isi-Nye, n. Bladder, of man or beast [Her.

oty-ene\.
ubu-Nye, n. Oneness; unity, unanimity.
Nyebe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti nyala

nyala.

NYE 467

Nyebeleza, i>. = nyibiliza.
Nyebelezeka (s. k.), v. = nyibilizeka.

Nyebelezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nyi-

bilizi.
Nyebeza, v. = nyalaza.
isi-Nyefu, n. (C.N.) = isi-Nyemt'u.

Nyefuza v. (C.N.) = nyemfuza; also nyi-
mfiza.

isi-Nyeke (s.k.),n. An abnormal bulging
or swelling out, as at the bottom of a
gourd where one side is much larger
grown than the other (causing it to
stand slanting) or at the bottom of a
basket when one side of the bottom has
been knocked in, or of the one side of
a person's face (or other part of the
body) when enlarged with a glandular
swelling, etc.

Ex. kupume i\inyekeiiyeke emximbeni wo-

nke, there have come out swellings or tumours
all over the body.

i-Nyekenyeke (s.k.),n.3. Thing hanging
., loosely about, straggling or scattered
disorderly, as a rope not taut, the strings
of a bundle, or the bundle itself, when
carelessly bound, a dishevelled head of
long hair, etc.; also applied to 'dirty,
disorderly-looking little bits of food',
such as might be prepared in a poor
low-class kraal.

i-Nyekevu (s.k.),n.3. House-cricket (=
um-Nyezane; cp. isi-Hlono?w); lazy,
stay-at-home person ; hiccups in children
(= i(li)-Twabi).

Nyekeza (s. k.), v. Make a thing (ace.) so
that it hang loosely, disorderly strag-
gling about, as a rope or binding of a
parcel when allowing it to hang loose,
or the bundle itself when not folding
it tightly, or a head of long hair when
discomposing it; begin to spread out in
mop fashion the hitherto bunched to-
gether flower-tuft, as maize ( subsequent
to the uku-qobodisa); grind grain (ace.)
roughly, 'merely scattering it loosely
about', as for beer-brewing (not for
eating — cp. qota; nyimfiza; gqakaza ) ;
perforin, as girls, the former custom of
'pulling about', along with the boys,
the entrails of an ox slaughtered for
them, and then taking the 'straggling'
pieces of bowels to the old women of
of the kraal to be eaten by them.

Nyekezeka (s. k.), v. Get, or be, so loosely
hanging about, etc., as above (used in
perf.).

i-Nyekezo (s.k.),n.8. Dough roughly
ground for beer-making, as above.

um-Nyekezo (s.k.),n.5. Part of the en-
trails of an ox eaten by the old women

NYE

"f a kraal, when a beast has been

slaughtered for their daughters, .1- at
tin' ukw-omula, marriage, etc. a cus-
tom now in disuse. See nyek\
Nyela, v. — enyela.

Nyela (Nyeela), v, Relieve tin- bowels into
or at.

Phr. icayinyela indhlela! you have 'etool-

ed' on the path (therefore pay tor it to us
passing on the way) — as is commonly
cried out by passers-py to a person in the

vicinity in possession oivmfe ami from whom
they request a -tick thereof.
i(li)-Nyela or Nyelo (Nyeela or Nyeelo), ».
Dross, of iron in the smelting (mostly
used in plur. ama-Nyelo)\ the 'dro
of a family — applied to a good-for-no-
thing, ugly child among a family.

N.B. Iron-dross is ground and used me-
dicinally for menstrual pains.

isi-Nyela, n. Defect, spot 'out of joint',
not as it ought to be (N).

um-Nyela or Nyele (Nyeela or Nyeele), n.5.
Dark stripe on the belly of some Na-
tives from the pubes to the navel
(cp. um-Tala); (C.N.) strip of grass
left after a field is burnt.

um-Nyelankobe (s.k.), n. 5. Mealie or ma-
bele grains boiled under a layer of meat.

u(lu)-Nyele, n. (C.N.) = um-Nyelele.

Nyelela, v. = ukuti nyelele.

isi-Nyelela, n. A stealthy going, so as to

be unnoticed — mostly used adverbially

as ngesinyelela.

Nyelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Steal along in a
quiet, unnoticeable manner, as a draught
or still breeze; hence, slip, slink, or
sneak along, as a person wishing to
evade being seen or heard; Bteal, slip,
or slink away or out of, as from a hut
or gathering; steal or slip into with-
out being noticed = ukuti nyebelezi,
nyelela. Cp. nyenya,

um or u(lu)-Nyelele, n. 0. Gentle wafting
breeze striking cool, a zephyr; draught
of air (i.e. the gentle, noiseless blowing ),
such as is felt through a key-hole or
beneath a door; certain green grass-
locust.

Nyelezela, v. Bear young, as a dog only.
Cp. zala; hlanza.

i-Nyelezele, n. .?. Dog that has littered and
is still suckling the young. Cp. m»-
Hlezane.

i(li)-Nyembane (Nyembhanc), n. Kafir Na-
tive of the Inhambane country.

i-Nyembe (Nyembbe), n. 8. .Malicious feel-
ing or talking against others in secret

30*

NYE
their- back ;

468
of such

or behind their back; person
malicious nature; (C.N.) assegai that has
killed a man (= i-Nxeleka).

Ex. kukoita iayetiibe ekaya, there is a
malicious person somewhere in the kraal
' working secretly against its other inmates
by talk or otherwise i. Cp. i-Nyendkle. j

u(lu)-Nyembezi (Nyembhezi), n. Tear (of
eves); soft part just below the lower
eyelid [OHG. zuiiar, tear; Ga. giga; Sw.
ehozi', MZT. mu-sozi] Her. e-hoze; Son.
he, cry tears].

Ex. uku-kala for /,7/w,) inyembexi, to cry,

weep.

isi-Nyemfu.77/7- One slow to move; hence,
a lazy indolent person, slow to move
when' called or get off to work; unener-
getie, 'lazy' child wdio gets up or moves
the body with reluctance; an infant un-
usually slow, in learning to walk.

Nyemfuza, /•. Make a child (ace.) be an
isi-Nyemfu as above, as a mother is
supposed to do by becoming pregnant
again while it is still .at the breast.

um-Nyemu, n. 5. Person of a shy, quiet,
modest, reserved disposition.

i(li)-Nyemunyemu, n. Person whose eyes
keep always on the flutter with nervous
oi- shy agitation.

Nyemuza, v.% Keep the eyes constantly on
the flutter from shyness or nervous
agitation, as some children when speak-
ing to.'an elder.

i-Nyendhlane, //. -7. Certain 'hump-backed'
i-fish (N).

i-Nyendhle, n. 3. House-cricket (Acheta
domestica - i-Nyekevu, um-Nyezane); a
secrel poisoner or evil-doer within the
family-circle itself (= um-Takati was'e-
Icaya; cp. i-Nyembe) [Ga. nyenyezige,
cricket].

i-Nyengelezane, //. -7. = irNyengelezi.

Nyengelezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nye-
belessi.

i-Nyengelezi, //. .','. South-African Weasel
{Pcedlogale albinucha); applied to a
sly. sneaking person, given to stealing
and other bad practices.

Nyenya, r. Go in a sly, secret, stealthy
manner, so as not to be noticed by others
(ace. with ela form); hence, steal, slink,
sneak off, away, into, around, etc., as a
person leaving the kraal or his party
in a secret way, without their knowing
or seeing it. Cp. ukuti nyebelezi; ukuti
nyelele [Sw. nyata, sneak; Bo. nyata,
stalk game].

Ex. wangtnyenyisela unyandhla, he sent
privately or slyly to me n secret messenger.

NYE

u(lu)-Nyenya, Nyenye, or Nyenyo, ;/. Dog-
wood (Rhamnus prinoides), used me-
dicinally for ' smoking ' amabele in the

field so as to charm away evil influences,
for rubbing into sprains, etc.

um-Nyenyeko (s.k.),n.5. (C.N.) au/a-

Tele.

Nyenyeza, v. = fafaza.

Nyenyeza (Nyenyeeza), v. Whisper, speak
in low undertones, so as not to be over-
heard by others.

Ex. wanginyenyexela ukuti, he gave me a
whisper or quiet intimation that, etc. ( as
when giving one a secret or hint). See hlebela.

i-Nyenyezulu, n. 8. Certain plant, used for
smearing on a stick or stone stuck up
about a kraal to drive away lightning.

Nyepa (Ny&pha), v. Be damp, have a moist
feel, as a slightly wet cloth; be enervated,
have a ' strengthless' feeling, as the body
(used in perf.); (C.N.) be begrimed with
fat and dirt, as the face of a Baca Kafir.

Nyepe, ukuti (Nyephe, ukuthi), v. = nyepa.

i-Nyevu, n.,3. Habit of backbiting; a back-
biting or talking ill of others behind
their backs (see nyevuza); (C.N.) person
with very protuberant, double under-lip.

Nyevuza, v. Backbite a person (ace), speak
ill of him behind his back so as to de-
tract from his good reputation.

i-Nyewe, n. 3. Moderation, calmness, pa-
tience, longsuffering (C.N.).

Ex. bayasihlupa, sibambe inyewe, they
afflict ns, but we take it quietly.

bashumayela inyewe, they speak calmly,
temperately (opposed to bashumayela )'</<'-
mandhla ).

kusey'inyewe nje, it is still kept quiet, not
yet openly talked about.

ukwenx' inyewe, to act calmly, quietly.

i-Nyewo, n. 3. Talk about others behind
their back, backbiting (with kuluma),
calamnious slanderous talk.

i(ii)-Nyewu, n. A grinning idiot — see nye-
iraza; plur. ama-Nyewu, very soft over-
boiled mealie-grains (= ama-Nyikwe).

Nyewu nyewu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nyewu-
za.

Nyewuza or Nyewuzela, v. Move about
the cheeks and lips in an involuntary
manner as if constantly grinning, as do
some silly people (the action being-
caused by involuntary contraction of the
facial muscles). Cp. nyanyateka.

Nyeza (only used in reflect, form with zi),
v. Feel conscious, have a sensation of
shameful or reproaching self-knowledge
come over one, as a person who has
done some wrong, or when people are

NYE

469

NYI

making very transparent hints or re-
marks about one. Cp. zi-Ncinza; nyobo-
za; enyela.

Ex. ngiyaxinyexn, sengati bayakuluvin

ugami, I have a < sciousness that they are

speaking about me.

kanti kabaxinye&i net? and have they no
consciousness /. e. no self-feeling of shame
or reproach (about their action) and are
they not ashamed (the thought, however,
not referring to the facial shame, but to the
interior uncomfortable feeling).

ir. iinjf.n-iii f what d<> you fee] conscious
of'.' - as might be said sarcastically to one
who has taken a hint to heart.

i(li)-Nyeza, n. Kind of sweet potato, origi-
nally planted in Zululand = um-Hlaza.

u-Nyezane, n. Variety of i-mFe, now sel-
dom seen.

um-Nyezane, n. 5. Certain tree, Cape
Willow (Doryalis rhamnoides), having
aeid edible fruit, and a twig of which
is worn about the head as a charm by a
warrior who has killed a man ; house-
cricket (= i-Nyendhle) [Ga. nyenyezige,
cicada].

u or um-Nyezi, n.l or 5. Moonlight [Sw.
Ga. mwezi, moon; Her. omu-eze; Ngu.
mwedzi; Ko. mwedi; Ku. mweri; Ya.
mwesi) Tu. ukwedzi; Nyamb. ukwezi',
Ru. kwezi; Nywe. well],

Nyiba, v. Slip or slink out of, draw back-
out of, as of taking part in any general
action, out of an agreement, out of an
icala, etc.; slip out, slip back, become
loose, as the portion of string forming
a knot, or making a binding (= nyibi-
lika); begin to feel loose or relaxed, as
the bowels at the commencement of an
attack of diarrhoea ( nyipa).

Nyibilika (s.k.),v. become loosened, relax-
ed, no longer stiff or tight, as the por-
tions of string forming a knot, the crust
of burnt porridge at the bottom of a
cooking-pot when saturated with water,
oi- a dry hide after being laid some time
beneath dry cowdung.

Nyibilikisa (s. /;:), v. .Make get loose, relax-
ed, supple, as above.

Nyibiliza,/-. - ukuti nyibilizi, nyebeleza,
nyomula.

Nyibilizeka (s.k.), v. - ukuti nyibilizi, nye-
belezeka, nyomuka.

Nyibilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Slip or slide
out, pass out smoothly, as a grass- stalk
from its sheath when pulled, a cooked
bean or dumbi from between its skins
when pinched, a stake when drawn out
of muddy earth, or a child when ex-
pelled with ease at birth; slip away

( without being noticed i, slip out, as :I
man stealing out of a hut or slinking
away from a company nyibilizeka,

nyebelezeka, nyomuka; make so slip or
slide out ; hence, draw, pull, push, ex-
pel, etc., SmOOthly 'out, as the L.|:

stalk (ace), etc., above nyibiliza, nye-
beleza, nyomula. Cp. ukuti nyebele;
nyenya.

Nyi'ki, ukuti (ukuthi; 8.k.),v. nyikiza.

i-Nyiki (s.k.), //..;. n'.},., i-nTlumba.

u(lu)-Nyiki (s. k.), n. Person with very
small hips. Cp. u(lu)-Zucu.

Nyikinya (s.k.), v. nyikiza.

Nyikanyikeka (s.k.),v. Labour along with
difficulty, in a toilsome manner, as one
hoeing alone in a large field thickly
overgrown with weeds, making an al-
most fruitless effort shikashtkeka.

i-Ny'i'kinyiki (s.k.),n.S. Anything loosely
bound together, having a ' shaken-aboul '

appearance, as a badly tied bundle.

Nyikiza (s.k.), v. .Make to move about, In-
loose (not tight, or firmly fixed), or to
shake, as a bandage (ace.) on the neck
or arm when too tight by stretching it
somewhat, or a post when too firm in
the ground by pulling it to and fro, or
any rickety article by pushing it slight-
ly; hence, shake, shake about, loosen,
anything, as above nyikinya, nyu-

kuza, nyukunya. Cp. hlikiza.

i(li)-Nyikwe (s.k.),n. A thoroughly indo-
lent person, too lazy even to move him-
self; /)////: ama-Nyikwe, pancreas or
sweetbread, of cattle supposed to cause
easy parturition when eaten by females.

i(li)-Nyimfinyimfi, n. < >ne habitually care-
less, untidy, disorderly in all his work
or actions, making merely a mess of all
he does i(li)-Nyomfonyomfo.

i-Nyimfinyimfi, n. 3. Anything badly done,
or made a nn-ss of, as a badly built
hut, badly made mat. badly bound
bundle, etc.

Nyimfiza, v. Do in a faulty, careless, un-
tidy manner, make a nu-ss of, as an in-
capable workman when building a hut
(ace), a careless girl when grinding
grain so as to 'spoil' it, or a slovenly
person 'messing about' clothes, mats,
etc., putting them in disorder nyo-
mfoza.

Nyinya, /•. Squeeze or crowd together, as
when placing sitters or dancers (ace.)
too close together; squeeze or compi
into narrow space, as a tight corset the
body (ace.) of a woman; hence, give one
no belly space, i.e. stint him (ace.), give

NYI

an insufficient quantity of food to fill
out (= guba); inconvenience a person
(ace.) so that he cannot speak out or
openly, stop his mouth, as a person
whose presence or over-hearing is un-
desirable. Cp. minyanisa.

Ex. leVibantshi liyanginyinya, this coat is
too tight for me.

wanyinywa itbani? by whom were you
hindered or inconvenienced (from speaking)?

Nyinyeka (s. k.), v. Get so squeezed up,
crowded together, inconvenienced in
speech, as above (used in perf.).

Ex. sinyinyekile imisebenxi, we are crowd-
ed inconveniently, hampered by (many)

winks.

Nyinyipala (Xyinyiphala), v. Be, or look,
unhappy, in an unpleased state, as a
person living uncomfortably in a kraal
where he is ill-treated, or as one ren-
dered sad by some family-sorrow (used
in perf.).

Nyinyita (Xyinyitha), v. Press down upon
heavily, weigh down, as a heavy burden
a person (ace.) who carries it.

Nyinyiteka (Xyinyitheka), v. Get weighed
or pressed down, as the person above.

Nyipa (Xyipha),v. Feel a sensation of
inflammation or burning uneasiness in
the bowels, premonitory of an attack of
diarrhoea = nyiba.

Nyisa, v. Make to discharge oil, as monkey-
nuts or castor-oil berries (doub. ace.)
by pressing. See nya.

isi-Nyisi, n. = isi-Sindabiso.

um-Nyobolozi, n. 5. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Xyo-
honyobo.

Nyobo nyobo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nyoboza,
nyobozela.

u(lu)-Nyobonyobo, n. Any long, narrow
body of a limp, loosely-hanging nature,
as a long narrow strip of meat, a long-
snake, or a tall weak-bodied person.
Cp. u(lu)-Xyobnnyobu.

Nyoboza, v. Loose one's rigidity of coun-
tenance, become limp, i.e. become abash-
ed, rendered strengthless with shame,
as a man whose secret fault has been
exposed before the crowd.

Nyobozela, v. Have to do with anything
of the nature of an u(lu)-Xyobonyobo,
as a person eating a long thin strip of
meat (ace); go along in a limp, loose-
ly hanging manner, as a tall weak-bodied
man, or as one overcome with shame
or loss of spirits.

Nyobuluka (s. k.), v. Get stretched or drawn
longly out, as a worm, or a length of
rope when laying it out at full length,

470 NYO

or paying it out continuously ; go along,
or rise up, in a slow, sluggish manner,
as though being 'drawn out'.

Nyobuiula, v. Stretch, draw, lay anything
(ace.) out in a lengthy manner, as above.

u(lu)-Ny6bunyobu,w. Anything of a narrow,
limp, long-drawn-out nature, as a worm,
long rope, tall slender man, etc. Cp.
u(lu)-Nyobonyobo.

Nyofa, v. (C.N.) = nyomfa.

ama-Nyoka (s.k.),n. Name sometimes ap-
plied to intestinal worms. See iai-Lo.

i-Nyoka (s.k.),n.3. Snake; thoroughly
indolent person, too lazy to do anything
(= ama-Xyikive); one rendered utterly
useless for work by some chronic in-
firmity [Skr. naga, snake; Sw. Bo. nyo-
ka; Her. o-nyoka; MZT. inzoka; Ga.
njoka; Ya. li-joka; Chw. neha; Ang.
nioka; V. ka],

Phr. nyokuuika inyarna yenyoka — see
i-Nyama.

ngingambekela nenyoka, I could place a
snake for him (on his path) — expressive ot
great hatred.

'tambo lanyoka hlab'omxondayo! lihlaba
libolile, bone of a snake, pierce him whom
thou hatest! it (a snake's bone) pierces when
rotten {i.e. long after the snake itself is
dead and gone) — a curse expressing dead-
ly hatred.

wenx'esenyoha (or ush'esenyoka), he makes
it (or says) one of a snake — makes it out
as terrible as a snake = he makes a moun-
tain out of a mole-hill.

X.B. The Kalirs dislike the very name
of a snake; therefore when one is bitten, it
is frequently said uhlatshwe ameca (he has
been pierced by a thorn ), or uhilwe utshani
(he has been noosed by the grass).

i-Nyokayabafazi (s.k.),n.3. Name some-
times applied to the i-nKambapantsi
and the i-nKume.

u-Nyoko (s.k.),n. Thy, or your, mother
— used gen. without the poss. adjs.
[Gu. Ga. nyoko; Her. o-nyoko; Mamb.
yangue, mother; Bush, wo; Bar. yango].

u-Nyokokazi (s.k.),n. used for u-Mameka-
zi q.v. in 2nd. pers. sing, and plur.

u-Nyokokulu (Xyokokhulu), n. used for
u-Mamekulu q.v. in 2nd. pers. sing, and
plur.

u-Nyokolume (s.k.),n. used, in Natal, for
u-Malume q.v. in the 2nd. pers. sing,
and plur.

u-Nyokozala (s.k.), n. used for u-Mamezala
q.v. in 2nd. pers. sing, and plur.

ubu-Nyolo, n. Deceptiveness or false ap-
pearances put on through shame or

NYO 471

fear, as a person tearing to eat to satiety
in company, or a heathen who pretends
to be a Christian when alone in Chris-
tian company = ubu-Qaskiya. Cp. ubu-
Mbulu; i-M hid u.

i(li)-Nyoloha, n. Sly, sneaking, deceptive
person, gen. given to mean tricks, steal-
ing, etc.

Nyoloza, v. Act deceptively or put on
false appearances through shame or
fear, as above — qaahiya. Cp. mbuluza.

Nyoluka (s. k.), v. Coast dialect (abalcwa-
'Mtet ma) = vela [Xo. nyolula, draw out].

um-Nyoluka (s.k.),n.5. Slough coming

from the heart of a tumour (C.N.) =
um-Suka.
isi-Nyombo (Nijombho), n. = isi-Nyombolo.

um-Nyombo (Nyombho), n. 5. Soft central
portion or 'heart' of a thing, as the
core of a cow's horn, pith of a reed,
soft end of a blade of grass when drawn
out from the sheath, or the slough
squeezed out from the centre of a tu-
mour. Cp. u-Mongo.

isi-Nyombolo (Nyombholo), n. Unpopular-
ity, a being generally disliked, whether
through unattractive appearances or
repulsive character (gen. among young-
men, girls, etc.) — is-Anywane, is-Anya,
is-Anyu. Cp. isi-Munyu.

Nyombuluka (Nijombhuluka), v. = sombu-

lu/ca.
Nyombulula (Nyombhulula), v. = sombu-

lula.
i(li)-Nyomfonyomfo, n. = i.(li)-Nijimfinyi-

mfi.
i-Nyomfonyomfo, n. 3. = i-Nyimfinyimfi.
Nyomfoza, v. - nyimfiza.

Nyomu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. iikiiti nyibi-
lizi.

Nyomuka (s.k.),v. = nyibilizeka.

Nyomula, v. = nyibiliza.

i(li), or mostly in plur. ama-Nyonga, n.
Loins or lower part of back, just above
the buttocks = i(li)-Qolo.

i-Nyonga (plur. izi or ama),n.3. Promi-
nent part at the top end of the thigh-
bone, felt projecting below the hips, the
trochanter major. Cp. i-Nqulu.

u(lu)-Nyonga, n. Cripple (properly one
with some deformity or chronic injury
about the thigh-joint, so as to be caused
to go lame or in crippled manner).

Nyongaza, v. Walk in a crippled manner,

as above.
i-Nyongo, n. 3. Gall; gall-bladder; used

also for bile, or biliousness [Bo. nyongo,

gall; Her. o-nango].

NYO

l".\. unenyongo, be is bilious, baa the bile
out of order— which being a common symp-
tom of fevers, etc, in erroneously held to be
a specific disease by the Natives, and for it
a Btrong purgative (heme fireq. termed utnuti
wenyongo i is generally taken.

Phr. iiliimi iis'efake for tu'etwese) myongo
nesinye, So-and-so baa now put on (or made
himself carry on the bead J a gall-sac and

bladder (like a witch-doctor, who is a very

important and awe-inspiring personage when
dress id oul therewith; the witchdoctor, how-
ever, only wear.s the small gall-bladder,

whereas the person here referred to wean
also a much larger urine-bladder) - So-
and-so makes himself out very big, has a
very exaggerated idea of himself.

wamlahlisa okwenyongo yenyati, be cast
her off like the gall of a buffalo ( which is
of evil repute and so carefully thrown away
backwards out of sight) = be threw h< r
away like something horrid — expressing ab-
solute abandonment; also used of a lawsuil
going thoroughly against a man.

Nyoni, m. 3. Bird; bird's feather, as worn
as a head-ornament [Gr. ornis, bird; < >.
Ir. en; Sw. nyoi/a, feather; Ga. nyunyi,
bird; MZT. i-yuni; Ya. li-ji///i; IV. si-
nodi; Mamb. nari; Lur. wi//</<>; At. eye;
Mpo. nyani; Malg. vorona\.

Phr. ukunyiwa inyoni, to be cast out as
excrement ) by a bird — a bird merely p
ing its droppings and there leaving them
= to be utterly discarded, be quite alone
(used of a person left absolutely without a
friend, or, one who, metaphorically, is quite
alone, with no compeer, as to his beauty, etc).

ukungenwa inyoni for ukuba nenyotii), to
be or become anxious, nervous, mentally
uneasy about anything. Sec i-Nqe.

as'axi 'nyoni towadhla, we don't know
which birds will eat it (the amabele) = we
don't know how our crops will turn out, or,
don't know whether we shall still be here
to see them ripen.

inyoni ishayelwa abaknlu, the bird is kill-
ed for the great ones of the kraal the]
get all the good things brought there by
their children.

kayikuxidhla ixinyoni xabanfabake, be
won't eat the birds (brought home) by hi>
children : lie won't live to enjoy any benefit
from them.

i-Nyoni-ayipitmule, name given to a cer-
tain 'regiment', as it were, of cattle belong-
ing to Cetshwayo, and kept by him partly
at the Ondini kraal and partly scattered
about among the people.

ixi- Nyoni exihlala ingonyama, name given
to the u(lu)'Ve regiment

.V./). A common Native glee, sung in
parts or choirs by young people, and in a

NYO

pretty miuor key, runs as follows : — Inyo-
n'ematana; inyani balele; awu-ye-he-he ! awu-
ye-he-he! tufa hku bo!

i-Nyoninco, n. 3. A crafty person, artful
dodger = o'ntete z'osiwa 'muva.

ubu-Nyonico, ,/. Cunningness of action,
artful dodgery, as above.

Nyonka (s. k.), o. Sneak a thing (ace.) a-
way, take of another person's goods in
a stealthy, sneaking manner, as birds
From other boys' traps, firewood cut by
other women, etc. = ukuti nyonkoloti.

Nyonkolota (Nyonkolotha), v. Scowl at a
person, as a father at a child (ace.) when
reproving it by a look; also — nyonka.

Nyonkoloti, ukuti (Nyonkolothi, ukuthi), v.

= nyonka.

i(!i)-Nyonti (s.f.),n. Long thin fold or wrinkle
of skin on the body, gen. about the waist,
of a person (not the thick folds of fat
= um-Vingqa). Cp. i(li)-Shwawu;~um-
Bimbi.

Nyonya, v. Be in a downcast, abject, timid-
ly unhappy state of mind, from per-
secution, a cringing fear of a tyrannous
master, etc., as an ill-treated, dispirited
menial (used in perf.).

Nyonyoba, v. Go softly and stealthily a-
long, steal along, as a cat towards its
pre}', or a thief entering a kraal at
night. Cp. nyatuza; nyenya.

um-Nyonyoba, n. 5. (C.N.) = ama-Tele.

Nyonyoboza, v. (C.N.) = nyonya.

i-Nyosi, n.3. Bee; also = i-nTateli; plur.
izi-Nyosi, 'honey' in the general sense,
implying both the juice (= u(lu)-Ju)
and the comb (= i(li)-Kekeba), which
is also eaten; last regiment formed by
Shaka, of the boys left behind from the
uBalule campaign [Her. o-nyuityi, bee;
>>//-/>//', honey; Ga. mu-bisi, honey; nju-
ki, bee; Sw. nyuki, bee; Reg. njuki,
bee; buki, honey; Xgw. i-busa, bee; Xo.
u-busi, honey - cp. Z. ubu-Si].

P. (ixinyosi) xddhFvju l/cazo, they (bees)
eat their own honey — a person eats that
which he has prepared for himself; having
made his bed, he must lie on it.

inyosi ka'xadongwe, a 'huge' bee — applied
to a large kind of black and red humble-
bee, drone-bees, etc.

Nyova, adv. Back-foremost, backwards
(in motion) = nyovane [Sw. nyuma,
backwards].

Ex. uku-hlehla nyova, to go backwards or
hack, as a person or wagon.

uku-wa nyova, to fall backwards.

t< i, /talent ; kutiwa ungen'ekaya nyova, they
say an umtakati enters a kraal back-foremost.

472 NYU

Nyovane. adv. = nyova.

u- Nyovane, n. Name given to a child born
by a breech-presentation.

um-Nyovu, n. 5. (C.N.) = umu-Vi.

i(li)-Nyovunyovu, n. S. Person who muddles
and mixes up everything, putting peo-
ple and affairs in a general confusion.

i-Nyovunyovu, n. 8. Mixed up, muddled
affair, not to be understood or disentan-
gled ; any long, extended thing, as a train
of people, long snake, or a tall slender
person; a 'great' thief, lazy person, etc.
(with yesela, etc.).

Nyovuza, v. Knead together, mix up by
kneading, as cattle the mud in a kraal,
or a woman clothes (ace.) in a wash-
tub, or (metaphor) an affair or people
so that they come to misunderstanding;
also sometimes = nyevuza.

isi-Nyu,w. = is-Anyivane.

umu-Nyu,w.J. Compassion, feeling of pity
or sympathy, as for one suffering. Cp.
um-Hawu [Skr. manyu, courage; Avest.
mainyu, spirit; Her. omu-nyanutima,
compassion],

Phr. ngafumanisa upondo Iwenkomo ludhla
umunyu, I found (there) an immense num-
ber of cattle.

k'oSibanibani imvu leita idhla umunyu, at
So-and so's the sheep arc in vast numbers.

Nyuba, v. Take mean unkindly advantage
of, treat in an unsociable manner, as
boys might another (ace.) of a quiet
delicate nature who doesn't readily take
to robust exercise, by despising- him,
making fun of or ill-treating him.

u-Nyube, n. Person who doesn't mix freely
with others, as one who is morosely
unsociable, disobliging and going alone,
or one who, through being of a delicate,
quiet, retiring nature, has no taste for
mixing with others in noisy or robust
exei'cise.

Nyuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = nyukusa;
nyukubala.

Nyukubala (s.k.), v. I!isc or swell up, as
the encrusted dirt in a cooking-pot or
the coating of cow-dung on a hut-floor
when saturated with hot water; swell
or be puffed up angrily, as the face of
a cross man ; be swollen up with dirt
i. e. covered with a coating, scum, or
crust of dirt, as a filthy shirt, or the
body of a dirty boy (used in perf.).

Nyukubalisa (s.k.), v. Make rise or swell
up so as to become loose and easily
removable, as the dirt (ace.) encrusted

on a pot,

above.

the scabs on a sore, etc., as

NYU

Nyukumala (s.k.),v. = uyukubala.

Nyukunya (s. k.), v. — nyikiza.

Nyukuza (s. k.), v. nyikiza.

Nyumba (Nyumbha), v. Become barren
or sterile, as a cow or woman.

Ex. lest' sit ole sinyumbile, sanyunjiswa
ixinkunxi, this heifer has become barren, it
was made SO by the bulls (excessively cov-
ering it ).

i-Nyumba (Nyumbha), n. 3. Barren per-
son (male or female) or animal, whe-
ther totally so or become so after hav-
ing already given birth; bead with a
hole too small for the needle to pass
through = u(lu)-Dhlolo [Ga. gumba,
barren; Sw. ki-nyumba, concubine].

Nyunda, v. Injure the reputation or good
name of a person (ace. with ela form),
as by slandering him, etc. Cp. nyevuza.
Ex. uyaxinyundela pakati kivabantu, he is
getting himself a bad name, destroying his
character among the people.
isi-Nyundi, n. One who by slandering talk,

injures the good name of others.
Nyundu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — nyundula;

nyunduka.
i-Nyundu.w. 3. (C.N.) == i-Nundu.
um-Nyundu, n. 5. Thing protruding or

sticking out, as below.
Nyunduka (s. k.), v. Protrude, stick out,
as anything that should be properly
within out of sight, as a mealie-cob from
a badly packed bundle, a boy's shirt
from a rent ill his breeches, or a con-
spicuous swelling on the body.
Nyundula,?'. Make so protrude or stick

out, as above.
umu-Nyuza, n.5. Fermented i(li)-Yambazi.
izi-Nza — see u(lu)-Za.
Nzaka (s. k.), adv. — see i-nZaka.
ama-Nzi (no sing.), n. Water; applied in
a jocular way to u-Tshwala\ also the
seminal discharge of a man, as below;
used also as adj. in the form manzi
and meaning 'wet, wetty, moist; liquid;
fresh or green, as vegetables or fire-
wood; plausible, finely deceptive, as a
cunning tongue, or as below' [Skr.
vdri, udan, water ; Hi. pani ; Ar. may a,
a nian\ Lith. vandu; Goth, vatin; MZT.
ma-nzi; U. aminzi; Gal. minzi; Be.
amensi; Tu. ama-dzi; Nya-1. ama-ndt;
Sw. maji; Ze. madzi; Bo. mazi; Kam.
ma-tsi; Khu. ma-tse; Ku. ma-shi; Gi.
ma-si; Ya. me-si; Kag. me-dji\ Ko.
me-di; Nvwe. ashi; Her. ome-va; Gu.
nyanja, nyanza, broad sheet of water;
Kai

za, lake; Ga. ninnja, lake;

473 NZO

Za. lu-anda, river; Co. i-anga, lake;
Hag. man, water; Mor. Uti, water; Co.
ma-yi] Pan. mashi) B&. ibali; Lur.pt;

Batta. bc\ Adam, ///'; At. ihe\.

Ex. ingubo yami ise'manxi, my blanket
is still \v.-t or damp.

I'lir. mji' urn ir.i, nginyexe ngalicala loko,
I am moist i of body | i.e. I am feeble,
without strength, I could not 'any that.

umntanakaxi ka'Bani o'manxi, the nio
tender, delicate i i. e. dainty > female-child
of So-and-so.

enkosini kuyadhliwa ukudhla okti'man >

kodlVa, at the chiefs place there i" ealcll

only nice, delicate, dainty food i as am
meat, beer, etc.).

uto olu'manxi, a wet i.e. Boft, tender thing
= a girl (C.N. ).

uku-shaywa amanxi uku-shayioa i(U)-
tibulco ( q. v. ).

uku-JcupuJca emanxini tiku-kupuka cxi-
bukweni — see i(li)-Zwuko.
uku-lala ngamanxi- see lulu.
nka-buka (into) emanxini, to regard any-
thing as impossible oi attainment, unattain-
able. See bamba.

uku-hlala emanxini — see hlala.
uti asiye nganxanye, sing'amanxi, y'ini?
you want us to go oil' toward- one side,
are we then water i that we can be led abonl
in any direction other people may like)?
said by a person who prefers to hold his
own opinion, and refuses to be led away
blindly by others.

N.B. A cowrie-shell is sometimes used i"
indicate 'water' by a hone-doctor when
divining.
Nzima, adj. zima.
i-Nzimaw. 3. = i-Nzimemnyama.
ubu-Nzima, n. itbu-Zima.
Nzimakazi (s.k.),adj. Dark-skinned, only
of girls or cows.

Ex. abantwana bake ba'nximakazi bonke,
all his children are black-skinned.
i-Nzimakazi (s. k.), »■ 3. Dark-skinned

girl, or black cow.
Nzimana, adj. dim. of nzima, hence, lieavy-

ish, rather important or difficult, etc.
i-Nzimazana, n. 3. Small black cow or

heifer.
i-Nzimemnyama, ». ■">. Black ox.
i-Nzingamawa or Nzingamaweni, //. •'.'.

i-mFene.
Nzo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do in a firm deter-
mined manner, as when looking firmly
a1 a person (ace), or when making a

statement resolutely, <>v lixmg a post
firmly in the ground nzola.
Nzola, /•. ukuti //"."•

NZO

i(li)-Nzonzo, n. Leg of a bird or fowl, also
of a buck (from their seeming to stand
on sticks or points); might be applied
to the thin eali'less leg of a man =
u(lu)-Zw(iii ; um-Gondo.

Phr. iik/i-ma ngamanxonxo, to stand on
tip-toes. See ama-Zicagiba.

474 OKU

Nzonzoza, v. Walk or strut on stilts, as
it were, as a long-legged bird or a per-
son with thin eafiless legs = zwatiza.
Cp. i(li)-Nzonzo.

i-Nzubunzubu, n. 3. = i-nZubunzubu.

i-Nzutunzutu, n. 3. = i-nZutunzutu.

o.

I 1 in Zulu always takes the Continental j
^-^ sound, which does not exist in English, j
except, e.g., in the word 'all', and in a more j
imperfect degree, in the word 'nor'. The sound
in Zulu has three varieties of length — (1), a
short o, as in the words i-so (eye) and golo-
xela (stare at); (2), a full o, occurring mostly
in the penultimate of words, as in sola (com-
plain) and goloxa (stare); (3), a loug o, of rare
occurrence, as in the words isi-Kora (banana
plantation), and i-Hobc (destitute man), and
which might be most conveniently distinguished
in script by the sign on.

O, int. expressing sudden recollection or
recognition; amazement with shame, dis-
like, lamentation, etc.

Obala, adv. — see u(lu)-Bala.
ul-Obu, n. = um-Ebuzo.
Obuka (s.k.),v. = ebukit.
Obula, v. = ebula.

Phr. inkabi y'obuVumunga — see ebula.
Obuza, v. = ebuza.
ul-Obuzo, n. = um-Ebuzo.
is-Oco, n. Earthen vessel used for cooking,
smaller than the i(li)-Kanzi.

Odwa, ind. adj. Alone, by itself, only —
being the radical of all such words as
lodwa (li odwa), yodwa (i odwa), so-
d/ca (si odwa), etc., according to the
class of noun or pronoun referred to.
See Edwa.

Ex. kukodwa loko, that is by itself, hot
connected with this we are referring to =
that is another thing, that is quite different.

kukodwa okwake, his (doing, speech, man-
ner, or whatever it may be) is by itself i.e.
ie quite different from that of everybody
else, is quite unusual.

bahambe ngabodwa, they have gone each
one for himself or alone - bahambe nga-
banye.

bahambe bodwa, they have gone by them-
selves, alone, unaccompanied.

kaletanga neyodwa inkomo, he has not
brought even a single bea-t.

I'll; a iyodwa nj<: kimi, since, you Bee, it is
jnit the only one (beast) 1 have.'

Ojayela, v. = jwayela.

Ojwayela, v. = jwayela.

Oka (Okha), v. 'Gather' fire (ace.) i. e. take
a supplv of it by a bunch of grass, etc.,
(with nga) from where it is already
burning; start, stir up, provoke any-
thing (ace.) that will rise up in furjr, as
a fight, wild beast, or swarm of bees;
thrust oneself uninvited into a conver-
sation going on between other people
[Ga. ocha, light, set on fire; Her. yaka,
take fire, burn ; Sw. waka, flame, burn ;
Bo. okela, light a fire].

Ex. harnVrnfoka umlilo lapa-ga kwetu, go
and fetch fire from over there in our hut.

(imp?) y'okiwe ubani? it (the fight) was
started or provoked by whorn?

uyafika us'ey'oka indaba, he just arrives
and forthwith takes up (i.e. mixes himself
up with) the matter (others are talking
about).

Okela (Okhela), v. Bring fire for or to
i. e. put fire to, set on fire ( trans.), as
the firewood (ace.) in the grate, grass
on the veldt, or a lamp (= tungela);
light (intrans.), take fire, burn, as the
firewood or grass itself (= lumata).
Cp. vuta.

Ex. Iiamba uyow'okela laivo 'mabibi, go
and set fire to those rubbish-heap3.

iiinkuni lezikaz'okeli, this firewood doesn't
catch fire (it is damp).

/ts'okele umlilo ovulayo, ilangabi elinga-
eimiyo, you have stirred up for us a blaz-
ing tire, an inextinguishable flame — may
be said of one who has roused the ire of a
loquacious women who won't cease scolding,
or who has irritated a swarm of bees on a
hot day.

is'iy'okelene impi, the hostilities have
now taken fire, caught on on both sides.

Okisa (Okhisa), v. Cause one (ace.) to get
fire (ace.) *'. e. send him to fetch it.

Okuba, Okubani or Okwobani (s. k.), adv.
r= Ukuba.

Okuba, Okokuba, or Okwokuba (s. k.), adv.
If that, if it be or were that. See ba.

Ex. okwokuba bekuhambe uMusi, briny a-

OKU

475

ONA

kulunga, if it were that Muni had gone, it
would be all right.

ummbila wairuyakubcleta, okwokuba ixulu
laHnile, the mealies would bear, if it had
been that the weather had rained.

Okuhle (s. k.), int. Good fortune! good
luck! — used as salutatory wish to the
ama-Dhlozi when slaughtering a beast
for them, etc., thus — okuhle kakulu
nina ' bakiti! (much good fortune to
you, you of our family!); or as a charm-
word by men who, after having killed
and eaten a buck caught in a hunt, pat
the ama-Seko or three hearth-stones
which supported the cooking-pot, saying
okuhle kakulu okwangomuso! may the
good luck of another day be still better!
See hie.

Okuti, Okokuti, or Okwokuti (Okuthi; 8. k.).
That is to say, to wit = loko kuti. See ti.

Ola, v. (C.N.) — See wola.

Oma, v. Be or become dry, as a washed
garment or fresh mealies ( not as a river
= sha); dry or rainless, as the weather
(i-Zulu); dried up, withered, as a tree
or a leaf; thirsty, as a person on a hot
day (in all instances, in pert).

Phr. uM.axe.le u'lukuni womile, Mazele is
stiff and dried up — said of one who is in a
very poor emaciated condition.

uboshwa, (umsundulo) womile, you are
bound tight, ( even though the rattan ) is
quite dry — this is said to a burly bully-
ing fellow who has been defeated in tight
by an insignificantly small-bodied indivi-
dual (owomile) whom he had thought easily
to overcome — the parody referring to the
umsundulo rattan which though quite dry
(womile) will not snap, but will bind any-
thing up so tight that it cannot break it
asunder.

wasimxe w'oma bume, she just dried up
standing i. e. was perfectly dumbfounded,
paralysed with surprise, as when caught in
the act of stealing anything = omela pe-
xulu.

um-Ombo, a. 5. — see u-Mombo.

Omela, v. Dry up or become stiff for.

Phr wasimxe w' omela pexulu, she was
perfectly dumbfounded, paralysed with
surprise, as when caught in the act of steal-
ing, or by some convincing evidence that
had been brought.

ukic-nmelira (umtondo), to have the penis
erect. See qamela.

Omelela, v. Be dried up internally, inside,
as any shelled fruit, or scrapings of
food left in a cooking-pot; have one's
hopes shattered or desires frustrated,
succumb with disappointment.

Ex. isiffubu lest ses'omelele, this gourd is
already dried up inside.

sebeyiqedile (myoma)? atou! tig'onu
kona/ they have finished it | the meat
oil? oh! I have dried up internally indeed,
my expectations have gone to dust, I am
so disappointed.

ub or uk-Omi (Oomi), n. Maggot or mag-
gots Of meat when fly-blown ;i condi-
tion much appreciated by the Zulus:
hence, fly-blown meat; (C.N. fr. Xo.) en-
joyment, prosperity, happiness [Ga. bu-
somi, marrow; Sw. ubongo, marrow;
MZT. bu-umi, life; Kamb. u-ima, life;
Bo. pome, blood].

Omisa, v. Dry (trans), make dry.

Phr. ixulu I'omisile, the heavens have dried
up (the rain) i.e. the weather i- verv dry,

without rain.

Omula, v. Begin to eat amasi alter cer-
tain periods of abstiWnce during which,
according to Native custom, it has been
abstained from; hence, eat food for the
first time in any day; (occasionally and
by comparison) begin to work among
the white-people for the first time the
word, from its connections, is almost
confined in its use to females = emula.
N.B. The custom of ukw-omula is con-
fined to females, and occurs chiefly on three
or four certain occasions. Firstly, a girl,
upon her first menstruation, ceases eating
amasi until her father enables her to do bo
by slaughtering for her an ox or goat, which
is termed eyokubeletisa itunga | Bee latter
word) or um-Hlonyane, Having now grown
up, she desires her 'marriageable' state to
be formally recognised by her father. She
therefore, upon her own initiative or the
advice of her mother, once more ceases eating
amasi, in order to draw her father's attention
to the aforesaid fact. He thereupon slaugh-
ters for her once more a beast, thereby li-
berating her from her abstinence and acknow-
ledging her marriageable state This cere-
mony is the ukw-omula par excellence, and
may be regarded as a tacit permission of
the father to the girl to look about for a
husband. Further, a married woman ceases
eating aunts/ for seven day- ;it each men-
strual period, the ukw-omula occurring on
the eighth day. And after having given
birth to a child, she refrains from eating
amasi for about two months and then
omula's.

Ona, r. Do what is bad, do wrong, in
neral conduct; hence, sin; do in a bad.
injurious, spoiling manner, as a careless
craftsman when working; spoil, injure,
damage, as a pot (ace), when making it
badly or damaging it in some way;

ONA

spoil a person (his good-nature, etc.) by
one's manner of dealing with him; cor-
rupt; wrong or injure a person (ace.)
by doing him some ill of speech or ac-
tion; 'spoil' one's property (nee.) of va-
lue by wasting or making ill use of it,
as money, stock, etc [Ga. onona, cor-
rupt; Sw. oza. ao bad; Her. ora, go
bad].

Phr. ukw-onela pantsi, to injure without
reason or regard, as though it were nothing.
is-Ona (Oona), n. Small weed (Striga co-
cinea ) with a red flower, very destruc-
tive to corn-crops when growing in

fields.

um-Ona, n. 5. — see u-Mona.

Onakala fs. k), v. Be or get spoiled, dam-
aged, injured, as any object or work;
be or get corrupted, depraved, as a boy
by had surroundings (used in perf.) ;
go wrong, as any made-up matter, plan,
dance, etc., when failing to go through
in an orderly fashion. See ona.

Ex. ivonakelc lo'mfana, this boy is bad,
depraved.

kwonakele! there are great goings-on! —
an exclamation at anything of an unusual
nature going on.

Onakalisa (s. k.), v. Spoil, damage, injure;
corrupt, deprave; make go wrong, as

above.

is-Onane, n. (C.N.) = is-Ona.

Onda, v. Be or become thin, lose flesh
largely, as a person or animal (= zaca;
• •p. shwapa); lose spirit, be depressed,
as one's heart (i-nTliziyo) by affliction
or grief; languish with desire for, pine
for anything (ace. with ela form); doubt,
find fault (— kononda) [Sw. konda, get
thin ; < la. koppa, thin].

Ex. wayibuka, way'ondela, he gazed at her

i the girl and languished for her i.e. gazed
at her in a languishing kind of way.

Ondhla, v. Bring up or rear a child (ace.)
i. e. provide it with all the necessaries
of life, as food, clothing, etc.; cast an
eye upon, have a look at one's traps
(ace.) t<> see how they are working,
whether any birds (ace.) are therein;
also, sometimes, keep an eye on a per-
30n (acc.) when his actions are suspi-
cious or unreliable (-- hlozinga).

um-Ondhli, n. /. One who rears a child
i.e. provides for him the necessaries of

life.

is-Ondhlo, //.. That which is given in re-
turn for the rearing up of a child.

um-Ondhlo, //. 5. sometimes, though rarely,
used for is-Ondhlo; also see u-Mondhlo.

476 OPA

um-Ondi, n. 5. — see u-Mondi.

Onga, v. Be careful with i.e. economical,

sparing, as with food (acc.) in time of
dearth, or one's money in expending it;
nurse, attend carefully to, as a sick
helpless person (acc), or as young help-
less calves, seeing that they get plenty
of milk, etc. [Sw. ongeza, eke out, fos-
ter; Her. hunga, nurture].

Ex. uku-x'onga, to be careful with oneself,
be attentive to one's health or welfare.

fnus'ttkux'onga ngati, you mustn't spare
yourself on account of us — as when a hos-
tess is denying herself to provide for her
visitors.

is-5ngo (Oongo), n. Centre of a lump of
meat, Kafir bread, or piece of firewood
when 'green', raw or uncooked; hence,
any place or part in such a lump, etc.,
when raw or uncooked; momentary
glare of the sun when breaking out
from between the clouds (= is-Ango ).
Cp. um-Nyombo [Sw. anga, glare].

Ex. inexongo le'ngama, this meat has raw
placas i. e. is uncooked in parts.

yek'ilanga linesongo! oh! the glare of this
sun !

um-Ongo, n. 5. — see u-Mongo.

um-Ongozima, n. 5. — see u-Mongozima.

um-Ongulo, n. 5. — see u-Mongulo.

is-Oni, n. Damaging, injuring, wrong-
doing person, dog, cattle, etc.

Onkana (s. lc), adj. = onke.

Onke (s. k.), ind. adj. All — often equivalent
to Eng. 'every', and the radical of all
such words as sonke (= si onke), nonke
(= ni onke), lorike (= li onke), etc
[MZT. onse; Sw. ote; Ga. ona; Her. he;
Ang. ese; Chw. othle; Lu. oso).

Ex. \onke ixinyoni wnezindhlu, all birds
have nests, or every bird has a nest.

um-Ono, n. 5. — see u-Mono.

O'nto-ni (s.L). What things? What affairs
or news? What is it? — a corruption
of into-ni (== izinto zini) used some-
times in Natal, not in Zululand. The
word seems to be one of those modern
mannerisms of speech in which gram-
mar runs amuck and which should be
avoided in good Zulu, e.g. o-matshwala,
o-shukela, etc

Ex. o'nio-ni (lexd'nto) o&ifunayo? what
things are they you are looking for = i.i-
nto-ni oxifunayo?

o'nto-ni net? what is it l you want)? =
into-ni rta?
Onwaba, v. (C.N. fr. Xo.) = naba.
Opa (Opha), />. Bleed, shed blood, as a

OCL

477

OVll

wound, or as the blood itself (comp.
Iiunclcd); exude sap, etc., as a tree (
I Ha); keep pouring out incessant talk
of any description [Her. hoama, bleed;
Sw. toka, bleed; Mamb. alipu, blood;
Bo. pome, blood].

Ex. kuy'opa (ox more coi only kuya-

puma) 'imongtflo, the umongulo is being shed
i.e. my nose is bleeding (from interna]
cause, not blow ).

eloku 'opile ete tike, lie being all along on

the chatter.

Opela (Ophela), v. Bleed for hence, keep
thinking of desirously, as a person's

, heart on one (ace.) whom he would like
to see, or on any much desired object,
as beer, etc., or to do anything.

Ex. intlixiyo yatni y'apele uBani, my

heart is Hewing out on So-and-SO, is think-
ing of him with desire.

um-Opelo (Ophelo), n. 5. see u-Mopelo.

um-Opo, n. 5. — see urMopo.

Opula (Ophula), v. = epula.

Osa, v. Roast, as meat (ace.) on the em-
bers, or mealie-cobs placed by the fire;
hence, grill; dry up, bake up, as the
sun field-crops (ace); 'make it hot' or
scold warmly and lengthily [Skr. osami,
I burn; Fe. b-osso, fire"; Ya. rotsha,
roast; Sw. Bo. oka, roast; Sw. and many
Bantu langs. m-oto, fire; Mon. guse,
fire; Ga. ocha, roast; Her. nyosa, roast].
Phr. utshwala sebung'osile, sengati nginga-
/tii.a umhluxana, the utshwala has roasted
dig (i.e. has made ray throat quite dry and
hoarse, as it is wont to do after long drink-
ing), it is as though I should like to drink
a little meat-broth.

uyakukolwa eyokwosa (inyama), eyokupe-
ka ungakayidhli, yon will be satisfied with
the roast (meat), even before yon eat the
boiled = you will have enough with the
whipping I shall give you ami won't want
any food after — used as a threat to a naughty
boy, who, running off from punishment, will
afterwards have to return to eat.

Oshi, int. expressing dislike, contempt, etc.

um-Osho a. 5. — see u-Mosho.

is-Oso, >i. Piece of meat, whether a joint
or small bit, for roasting; any very hot
place, as some localities in the bush-
country, or a spot where the sun shines
powerfully, or (metaphor.) any 'hot'
place wdiere one may expect Unpleasant-
ly hard treatment, as in a magistrate's
court or before the chief. See osa.

Phr. kanaVulaka, unesoso, it is Dot wrath
he has, it is a perfect roaster i . e. something
unbearable

Osula, v. snhi.

Ota (Otha; pass, othiwa), v. Warm on<
at the fire (ace.), in the sun, or < iu<
phor.) in another's society by payin
friendly visit or enjoying a convejsati
inform or lay a dial unsl a person

(ace.) to the chief (with ku ceba)
\Xw. and most Bantu langs. m-oto, fire].
Ex. ngisaya 'kum'ota umnumxana, I am
just going to pass a pleasant moment with

the headman i.e. pay a friendly \1mi
ngisaya* kioofibandhla ku'iunumxaua.

uloku w'ot'nmlih, y<>n arc always warming
yourself.

ukw-ota isiycaki, to warm oneself I by sit-
ting I in the sunshine.

Phr. ngafika hoa'Nja-yot'utnlilo, 1 arrived
at where dogs warm themselves round the
tire. i.e. not human beings, people without
kindness or hospitality, the land of mere
dogs that drive away respectable people who
may seek a night-shelter there.

le'nkabi is'iw'ota omabili ( amalanga), tic-
lempumalanga wlentshonalanga, tin- bullock
already warms itself at the suu on both
sides, at the east and at the west = it is
already very old. merely lying out in the
sunshine all day. from sunrise to bud

ekutinitini kwotiwa ukuni licediingamuxi
(o\- lohlalwane), at such and such a place
they warm themselves with firewood of' the
i-dungamtixi or u-hlalwanc tree. i.e. there
is a mutual disagreement or hostility
twecn the different member- of the kraal.
they are always quarrelling with one another.

Otula (Othula), r. etula.

ul-Ovane, //. ul-Ovela.

ul-Ovela,//. Any very nice delicious food
= ul-Ovane, isi-Lovane, u(lu)-Gqoyi.

is-Ovu, ii. Small rush or grass bag for
carrying field-produce, etc., on the head.
Cp. i-nGqalati.

um-Ovu, II. 5. see u-Movu.

ul-Ovu, a. Thing that scalds (see ukllti lo-
rn) or burns one that gets touched by it
nowadays seldom used, except meta-
phorically, id' fierceness of temper, or in
phrase below.

Phr. ngadhla uloou, n</ti</'t/<i iiikotno ya-
s'odwini (ox ya&'ojwini <<v yas'esijioini,
i X.i inlcabi ka'Pakafwayo), I ate a scalding

h

-

-aid

lot place,
or irrita-

thing, I ate a nonej -oeasi <. -
by one who has got himself into a
as bj marrying a troublesome wifi
ting a fierce man.

UD-OVU, ll. see U(0U)-B0VU.

Ovuya, v. Clear or clean grain
guiues, etc. of chaff, husks, ete. (ace.),

by passing it through water so that the

I. I.e. | |e

OWA

478

PA

refuse comes to the surface, or by letting

it fall before the wind. Cp. ela; filling a.

Phr. uku-m-ovuya ngentlamba, to abuse one

with strongly insulting or disgraceful language.

Owami, owako, owake, (owakho, owafche).
At my, thy, or her husband's people i.e.
at any kraal of his particular clan. See
//■ami; wako; wake.

Ex. kuk'otoami kona, it is at my husband's
people's there.

umu-Owane, n. 5. — see um-Wowane.

um-Oya, n. 5. — see u-Moya.

ul-Oya, n. Central, essential, vitalising part
of a thing; hence, life, spirit, mind,
heart, of a human-being, etc.; main in-
side substance, core, as of a mealie-grain
[akin to um-Oya].

Ex. kana'loya, he has no mind or rational

life — said of one who is insane, lacking
what makes one a man, not an animal.

kanalo uloya (ox uloya lobuntu), he has no
heart i. e. no feelings, sympathy, etc.

sckusi/ke uloya kuye for us'emuke uloya),
there has now gone the spirit out of him
(or he has already departed life).

ummbila lo sowuviuke uloya, these mealies
have already lost their heart or inside, as
when they are thoroughly weevil-eaten.

ub-Oya, n. Hair of any animal, wool,
down, etc.; soft hair or down of the
human-body (not of head, beard or eye-
brows) [Su. bu-boya; Sw. u-nyoya;
MZT. bu-oya; Ro. oya; Her. oma-inya;
Reg. ma-osa].

um-Ozane, n. 5. — see u-Mozane.

Ozeia, v. Be sleepy, drowsy, dozy. Cp.
ukuti yozi, ukuti kahla, yenda.

Y* has in Zulu two sounds: —firstly, an open,

aspirated sound, resembling that in the |
English word 'peg', and distinguished in this
book by the sign ph, as in the word phoslwxa
(chatter away); and, secondly, a closed or in-
spirated sound, in which the explosion of the
letter is withheld at the lips, somewhat as in
the English word 'mop', and distinguished in
this book by a simple p ( without the accom-
panying h expressing aspiration), as in the
word potshoxa y eject or pour forth).

The former kind becomes invariably softened
down to the latter sound wherever it follows
immediately after au )>i (not, of course, the
8< parately standing >n, contracted from nm,
ami marked m), as, for instance, in the word
impela (entirely) from the verb phela (be en-
tire).

The p, further, becomes changed into an ah,
in the construction of the locative case of nouns,
as in the word em-tashweni, from the noun
um-tapo (clay-pit); and of the passive voice
of verbs, as in the word boshiwe, from the
verb bopa i bind).

P' Hi- Pa, expletive expressing a feeling of
surprise, emphasis, etc., and thrown into
a statement somewhat as the English
'you know', 'actually', 'to be sure', or
the repetition of the pronoun and auxi-
liary at the end of a statement — the
use of the word is rare and confined to
Natal.

Ex. ngati ukubeka, nampa pa sebebuya,
and as I looked, there they were, would you
believe it, just coming back.

Pa, ukuti (Pha, ukuthi), v. Be quite or
very white = ukuti qiva.

Ex. umlungu ote pa, a pure whitemau
(with no coloured blood in him).

Pa (Pha), v. Give i. e. bestow, confer a
thing (ace.) on a person (ace.) without
price or return (cp. nika); feed, give
an animal (ace.) food (ace); thin out, as
mealies (ace.) growing too thickly in a
field (= epa); pull out, as grass (ace.)
for thatching (== hlutula, epa) [Skr. da,
give; pa, feed; Lat. dare, to give; Ar.
adda, give; Pier. Sw. Ga. Mpo. pa, give;
Hinz. ba; Gu. ha; Kus. na; Go. pela;
Ra. hela; Ben. pera; Be. bula; Bu. ga-
wila; Bo. enka; Ngu. inka; Ma. enjo;
Hot. ma].

Ex. wemgipa imbuxi, he made me a pre-
sent of a goat.

sengiyipile (ingulnbe), I have already fed
it (the pig).

bengiye 'kupela ixiba land utshani, I had
gone to pull grass for my hut.

P. ukupa 'ktizibekela, to give to eat is to
store up for oneself = every good deed will
reap its reward.

ukupa 'kiulhlala, ukuncishana y'ikaxidu-
misa, to give to eat is merely to play, but
to be stingy is to make oneself notorious,
i. e. lose one's good name — said by a man
begging or thanking for food in a strange
kraal.

isi-Pa (Pha), n. (C.N. fr. Xo.) = isi-Kwepa.

umu-Pa (Pha), n. 5. Stalk of maize with
cob (C.N. from Xo.).

Paba, ukuti (Pfiaba, ukuthi), v. Throw
scatteringly or splashingly out or away,
as water (ace.) out of a basin into the
yard ; throw or splash over, as water

<

PA 479

(ace.) over the body (loe. or with ku)
when bathing oneself; throw or roll out
on the floor, as a sleeping-mal (ace.);
slap a person (ace) Blightly on the face
with the back of the hand," as when put
out (= ukuti nibebe).

i(li)-Paba (Phaba),n. Clumsy, awkward
person, lacking in nicety of action, ge-
nerally spoiling whatever he attempts,
as when dancing or doing anywoik
(comp. i(li)-Bimbi; papalaza); also =
i(li)- Watauga.

um-Pabakana (Phabakana), u. 5. Over-
short sleeping-mat.

Pabaza (Phabaza), v. = ukuti paba.

i-mPabazane (s.p.),n. —see i-Mpabazane.

Pabazela (Phabazela), v. = pamazela.

Paca, ukuti (Phaca, ukuthi), v. Slush down,
or about; get slushed down or about,
as anything of the nature of an i-mPa-
campaca (cp. baceka); slush with the
mouth, as when eating an}r soft watery
or juicy food (ace); get so slushed iii
the mouth; make straight for, fall 'flop'
upon, as anything (ace.) being looked
for, or when alighting right on a good
billet or fortune = pacaza. See i-mPa-
campaca.

i-mPacampaca (s.p.),u. Thing of soft,
semi-liquid, slushy nature, as fresh
cowdung, porridge, or any pulpy thing,
like rotten fruit. See ukuti paca.

Pacaza (Phacaza), v. = ukuti paca.

um-Pafa (Phafa), n. 5. Small sized tree
in the bush-country (Zyzyphus mucrona-
ta) having hard edible berries — a de-
coction of root is used for scrofula and
a paste of the leaves for poulticing glan-
dular swellings (= um-Lahlankosi ) ;
from hardness of berries used jocularly
of boiled mealies when very hard.

Pafu, ukuti (Phafu, ukuthi), v. = pafuka;
pafuza.

Pafuka (Phafuka), v. Get poured out or
emitted in intermittent puffs, jets, etc.,
as blood from a severed artery, smoke
from an engine or smoking-pipe ; get
merely 'ejected' or 'puffed out', as
thoughtless unconsidered talk; hence,
talk or blurt out such talk, whether of
a wild or merely stupid nature (=pu-
hluka) = kafuka, kafuka.

isi-Pafuki (Phafuki), n. — isi-Puhluka.

Pafuzi {Phafuza), v. Pour out or emit
blood (ace), smoke, or thoughtless talk,
as above — kafuza, hafuza; also =
qakaza.

Pah!a (Phahla), v. Surround, encircle on
all sides, as an impi coming up, a wire

PA

Pence, or children greeting a new arrival
(ace.) ( Ikuiu. kaka)\ Btow away, p
together, as goods in a basket (with
";/"), wagon, ..I- cupboard < « -< » 1 1 1 j » hlo-

hUi); hold Stowed away, as :i cupboard

(nom.) or baskel the e.o<,ds (ace)
packed together in it ( badhla, i»i-
iiilii) [Sw. pakia, stow; Her. hava,
stow away].

Pahla, ukuti (Phahla, ukuthi), v. pahla-
za; pahlazeka; ukuti baoa: let out
suddenly, inadvertently, or abruptly,

a certain word (ace.) soughl tor, or a
secret that should have been kept quiel
= ukuti pahlu; comp. ukuti pafu.

Ex. was'eyiti pahla yonke indaba, there-
upon ho blurted out the whole affair.

i(li) or um-Pahla (Phahla), "■ ■'>■ Certain
strong-wooded tree along thecoasl ( Bra-
chylmna discolor), good for axles, the
alkali in the ashes being used for soap-
making, and the wood of the tree as
tinder; twin (= i(li)-Wele); plur. ama-
Pahla, things carried at once in both
hands (= ama-Mbande, ama-Mbangqa i
fSw. pacha, twin; Her. e-paha, twin].

Ex ngipete amapahla; I am carrying in

both hands, or I have two jobs on hand.

Phr. uku-xala amapahla, to bear in cou-
ples, as a goat.

i-mPahla (s.p.; properly without plur./ />.
Goods, or property of any description,
as household goods, clothing, cattle, etc.
[Her. ovi-parure, goods].

u(lu)-Pahla (Phahla), n. Whole framework
of a Native hut (the thought referring
to the whole covering overhead ) j hence,
roof, of a European house; tent, on a
wagon [Sw. paa, thatched roof].

u(!u)-Pahlayiya (Phahlayiya), >/. Any tall
person = i-nGqwangayiya.

Pahlaza (Phahlaza), r. Smash, Wreak in
pieces, as a pot (ace.) or calabash (=
coboza, fahlaza, dubuza); blurt, or let
out suddenly, or inadvertently, as Bpeech
(— ukuti pahla, pahluka); also i,n-
caza.

Pahlazeka (Phahlazeka), c Get smashed,
or blurted out, slushed or bespattered
about, as above.

Pahleka (Phahleka), v. Throw as a hand-
ful of any soft semi-liquid thing (with
nga) at a person (ace.) or thing; plaster,
a house or wall (ace) with mud (nga)
by this process ( banda, baceka, to-
hleka; comp. ukuti daca); Lret sur-
rounded.

Ex. was'engipahleka ngodaka, he then
threw a lump of mud at me.

PA

480

PA

Pahlekeka (Phahlekeka), v. Get thrown,
as above.

Pahlu, ukuti (Phahlu, ukuthi), v. = pa-
hluka.

Pahluka (Phahluka), v. Blurt out thought-
less unconsidered talk, whether of a
wild, disrespectful, or merely stupid na-
ture = pafuka, puhluka.

isi-Pahlukana (Phahlukana), n. Little blurt-
ing fellow, talking as above = isi-Pu-
klupuhlwana.

Paka (Pkaka), v. Serve out food (ace),
distribute or apportion into the various
dishes or pots, as utshwala, potatoes,
etc; hence, distribute, allot things (ace.)
generally {== aba); dispose, post out,
as the divisions of an army (ace.) in the
Beld (= faka) [Gr. phago, I eat; Sw.
panga, arrange out; pakua, dish up;
Ga. gaba, distribute— Comp. faka].

Paka, ukuti (Phaka, ukuthi), v. Be or ap-
pear quite white, as the land with snow,
or as a white cow = ukuti hu; pakaza.

i-mPaka (s. p.; s.k.), >i. Cat possessed by
an um-takati as a 'familiar' and sent
by him on villainous errands, as to col-
lect izirDwedwe q. v., to suck other
people's cows, etc. = i-nGwabi. Comp.
u-Mangobe, i(li)-Gola [Sw. Ku. paka,
cat; Ya. Kamb. m-baka; Hinz. m-paha;
Ru. In-baka; Gu. lu-kaka; Ko. maka;
Ga. kapa — the name nyao seems to be
that commonest for a 'cat' among the
Bantu languages].

Phr. uMatungw'avume, njengempdlca itu-
nywa uyise, Mr. Sent-and-eonsent, like the
cut Bent out by its master — said of one who
lets himself be lei! to do anything.

uku-dhlela emkombeni ivempaka, to eat out
ol the umtakati cat's trough = to be of
rude, uncultured manners. a- one who has
not bad the ears bored (C.N.).

kabahlangani; y'indaba yempaka nenkuku,
they are not on friendly terms; it is a mat-
ter of the wild-cat and' the fowl.

N.B. This was. no doubt, the original
Zulu name for the common cat, whether in
the domestic or run-wild state. But in their
migrations about the continent when re-
moving to these parts, the Zulus would seem
t<> have left their rat- behind, and. coming
to a country where there were none, the
name fell out ol' u-.-. Upon their gradual
re-appearance, the name was revived, but
now with a somewhat changed signification;
lor the comparative rarity of the animal —
they having become a common pet in the
kraal- only after the advent of the White-
man in these parts — now lent a certain
tngeness' to it- possession, which ulti-
mately developed into suspicion. Hence the

prevalent modern belief and use of this word
as above. It is certainly a remarkable fact
that, uot only in Africa, but also in Europe,
cats have been ever associated with witch-
craft, For in mediaeval times, when Euro-
pean witches were as numerous as Zulu aba-
Takati, the cat was supposed to be the uni-
versal 'familiar' of the former just as it is
nowadays supposed to be of the latter. In-
deed, the favourite personification of 'Old
Nick' was said to be as a black cat!

Pakade (Phakade), adv. Long ago, in an-
cient times. Comp. e-nDulo.

Ex. loko kwavela pakade kwapakade or pa-
kade kadala, that happeued long, long ago;
in old, old times.

Pakama (Phakama), v. Be elevated, raised
high, high up, as a man on the top of
a hut, as a highly situated locality, or
as one hill in comparison with others
around it ('to be high' simply, as a
mountain, would be expressed by
i-nDe); be more important, surpass-
ingly large, as one kraal in comparison
with other inferior ones around it; be
noted, famous, as one doctor more than
others; begin to get heated or angry, as
a man in a dispute; be loud, raised
high, as a person's voice (most gener-
ally used, in all eases, in perf.) [Sw.
paa, panda, ascend; paliza, raise the
voice; Her. kangama, raise oneself up
into sitting posture].

Ex. woz'apakame, abe injinga naye, he
will get to rise up, will better ,bis position
gradually, and become a man of means also.

i-mPakama (s.p.; s.k.), n. Any high thing,
as hill, hut, or man.

Pakamisa (Phakamisa), v. Elevate, raise
up, as anything (ace.) from the ground ;
make be high up, be in a raised or
elevated position, as by setting a thing
(ace.) in a high place; raise, as the
voice (ace.) ; raise a person (ace.) in his
position, importance, fame, etc.; extol,
exalt, by praising. Comp. fukula.

isi-Pakapaka (Phakaphaka), n. Any very
white thing, as a horse, large white
eyes, or a very 'fair' i.e. light brown
skinned Native (a complexion much
admired — see ukuti paka, is i- Wang a-
wanga, um-Hanga, i(li)-Gaivozi); timid
flurried person, of extreme nervous-
ness, as one afflicted with some neurotic
disease (~ i(li)-Papateka).

Ex. iatombi e'sipakapaka enga'langa
(= engati ilanya) Votiwa uNqoboka, a girl
who is a light-brown beauty, like the sun
that used to be bathed in by Nqoboka —
a former headman who lived near the coast,

PA

Native

idea, is the 'land of
S. k.), n.

Cp

I'll!

one

Large sheet
18%-Bakabaka.

forth two or

stalk, as mea-

which in the
the rising sun '.
i(li)-Pakapolo (s. />
of Still shallow water

Pakata (Phakatha), v.
more CObs from tin
lies.

i-mPakata (Pakatha),n. Second or smaller
of two mealie-cobs on the same stalk;
a 'second' assistant or associated work-
er, as of a doctor or umtakati.

Pakati (Phakathi), adv. and prep. In-
side, within; between; in the middle
of; amidst, among' (mostly followed by
kuut, sometimes by net); used freq. as
an expletive, coupled on to a word
to express admiration, pleasant sur-
prise, etc. [Gr. kentron, centre; Ar. fi,
among; benat, between; San. Sen. pa-
kati, between; Her. pokati; Ze. Ngu.
hagati\ Kam. vagati; Sw. katikati; 5a.
kati; L. Nig. ekui; Ha. dzakka, in].

Phr. 'nkosi yapakati! Sir of the inner-
circle (about the chief)! high sir! — salu-
tation to a man of high position.

uyabona, \ibnya. nnililniiibi opakati, ama-
giulu okubema! you see, they are returning,
our Hue old herd, horns for us to smoke
with! — greeting of a child to the cattle
returning in the evening from grazing.

pakati bwamabili, or pakati kwamasuku,
between two (days), i.e. at midnight.

i(li)-Pakati (Phakathi), n. Centre, as of a
circle (M).

um-Pakati (Phakathi)yn.5. All the common-
ers or 'people' of the land (exclusive of
the izinDuna, iziKulu, or others inofficial
position ) who would at different times
be called up to the king's kraal for the
um-Kosi festival, promulgation of laws,
or any other necessity; hence, by com-
parison, all the common men serving
under any particular hiDuna; place or

481 PA

in a nervously excited or ti rous man-
ner, as a person overcome with fright,

or women hastening to Bave their fond

or goods from an approaching lire;

grow up quickly, as a young child <

bongozela ) papateka.
um-Pako (Phako), h. ■'>. food taken for

eating on a journey.
Pakula (Phakula), >■. Finish off, finish

up, by clearing off tie- last remaining

portion of anything, as when clearing

pi«t
up

the
lip

arch in between the legs
join.

Ex. yati inkosi, akukupuke
hull, the king said, let the
people come up i to the great

unexilonda empakatini, he

where they

wonke

whole

kraal I.
has sores

ti/iijin-
of the

in

of food in a

when Bcraping
hand what has adhered t"
grinding, or when ending

last ladlefu
gogoda ), or

out tin
( comp.

with the
stone in
at a dance.

Pakulula (Phakulula), v

Pakuluza (Phakuluza), v

jinhiilir.il.

Ladle oul largely

between the legs t at the arch i.
um-Pakato (Phakatho), n. 5. Euphemism

\

for female private parts (C.N.) = /•</- 1
Burnt.

Pakaza (Phakaza), v. Be or appear all
white, as the land after snow, or any
white object ( ukutipaka); look with,
or show, great white eyes, as a Native
whose eyeballs are conspicuously clear
and large. See guluza.

Pakazela (Phakazela), v. Do, or speak,

take out in Large spoonfuls, as porridge
(ace).

isi-Pakuluzi (Phakuluzi), n. = isi-Xwembe.

Pakuzela (Phakuzela), v. pakazela.

Pala (Phala), r. Scrape off, by repeated
long-drawn scrapes, the exterior surface
of anything, as paint (ace.) from a door
or burnt crust from a pot (comp. hwa-
ijh. kukuza); scrape a hide (ace.) on the
flesh side with an i-zembe to pare off
the hard inner-skin (see shuka; kuhla);
scrape or pare off the exterior rough-
ness from a horn (ace.) or walking-stick:
skim over the country (ace.) i.e. cover
a great distance with rapidity, as when
journeying; hence of a horse, to gallop,
get over the ground quickly.

i-mPala (Paala; s.p.),n. Specie- of ante-
lope ((Epyceros melampus).

Palakaca, ukuti (Phdlakaca, ukuthi), v. Fall,
as a single 'dropping' ofanv semi-liquid
substance like cowdung or porridge;
make so to fall; hence, throw, pom- out,
ladle out, a small quantity or single
dropping, as above. Cp. i-mBalakacana.
Ex. ake ungiti palakaca l<n><<. just drop a

little bit i of the porridge) for me here.

Palakaca or Palakacela (Phalakaca), r.
itkitti palakaca.

Pala pala, ukuti (Phala ph>'iUi. ukuthi), /•.
Run the eyes (ngamehlo) quickly
through, or about, as through a lot of
things or about a room, when cursorily
ooking lor something.

Palala (Phalala),v. Flow 'spilled out',
a> water over the banks of a full river,
or beer overflowing from fermentation,
or from the beer-vessel being awkward-
ly carried; flow spreading out, as the
water at a broad shallow drift; rjour
out in all directions, as people running
to an alarm.

/^

31

PA

Ex. nampa bepalala umkosi, here they
are pouring out on all sides ( by reasou of)
an alarm.

u-Palane (Phalane), a. Egyptian vulture
{Neophron percnopterus), generally go-
ing in pairs; hence, jocularly applied to
lovers (opalane ababili), or to certain
regiments of Dingane, Cetshwayo, etc.
which regularly accompanied each other
in a fight = u-Nobongoza.

N. B. These birds, though now almost un-
known, were very common in Shaka's time,
perhaps from the multitude of corpses lying
about unburied. Whenever a fit of blood
tbirstinesa tame over the chief, it would be
said the opalane balambile (the vultures are
hungry ). They were consequently known as
ixinyoni xrika' SliaJca (Shaka's birds). Strauge
to say, in Egypt, where they are also very
numerous, they are coinmouly known as
' Pharoah's chickeus '.

i-mPalane (s.p.),n. Skin or hide already
scraped on both sides, but not yet sup-
pled by rubbing (see shuka); also =
u(lu)-Nyango.

Palaza (Phalaza), v. Make flow over, or
out, spill over or out, as beer (ace.)
from a pot; vomit or spew up, from
the stomach; clear the system when
seedy, or 'make oneself nice', by taking
an emetic, according to Native custom
when influenza is rife or before going-
out courting ( — hlanza, gaba).

i-mPali (s.p.),n. Native professional skin-
scraper. See pala.

i(li)-Palo (Phalo— mostly used in \Aur), n.
Hide-scraping i. e. small piece of skin
scraped off in dressing (see pala) =
i-mFalo.

ama-Pa\o (no sing.), n. Dried up, emaciated
body of a person, showing bones project-
ing conspicuously in all parts (cp. i(li)-
Gaga ).

Ex. uBani m'eng'amapalo nje, So-and-so
is ju>t a bag of bones, mere bits of skin.

i-mPalo (s.p.; mostly in plxxr.), n. == i(li)-
Palo; also (N) = um-Balu.

um-Palo (Phalo), n. 5. (C.N.) = i-mPala-
ne; also (N) = um-Balu.

Pama, ukuti (Phama, ukuthi), v. Be chock-
full, to the brim = ukuti nqata, ukuti
swi, ukuti pa.

i-mPama (s.p.), n. — see i-Mpama.

Pama pama, ukuti (Phama phama, uku-
thi), v. = pamazela, ukuti pub a puba.

i(li)-Pamapama (Phamaphama), n. Clumsy,
awkward person, with his hands or feet,
or in his work generally, spilling or
breaking things, producing spoiled work,

482 PA

etc. See pamazela. Com p. i(li)-Paha;
i(li)-Badabada.

Pamazela (Phamazela), v. Do anything
in a clumsy, awkward, muddled, spoiled
manner, as when walking by and kick-
ing things over, breaking ' vessels in
one's care, or making a spoiled mess of
the dinner; mix one's legs awkwardly
about, be unsteady on the legs, reel
here and there, as when quickly rising
off the ground, dancing awkwardly, or
a drunken man reeling, or when dazed
by a blow = pubazela, bamazela.

Pamba (Phambha), v. Play mischief on
one (ace.) while unaware, not looking,
behind one's back, etc., as an adulterer
with another man's wife, cattle making
for a field during the herd-boy's mo-
mentary absence; hence, trick a person
(ace.) generally, give him the dodge,
'do' him, etc., as a path which, appear-
ing to be the right one, only leads one
astray, or as an inspector appointing a
certain day for inspection and arriving
on another, or as a naughty boy who
hides his master's cane (cp. swempa;
pica); make a network of string round
a cracked imbiza (ace.) for holding it
together, or round a calabash for sus-
pending it [Sw. pambwa, be tricked out;
punja, trick; Her. pamba, plait].

Ex. ngapanjwa indhlela, I was taken in
by the path — thinking it the right, where-
as it was the wrong one.

irdnkomo xangipamba, the cattle misled
me — seeming to be quietly grazing, where-
as immediately I withdrew my attention,
they made off for a field.

abafana bampamba nyesicatulo sake, the
boys played a trick on him with his boot.

i(li)- Pamba (Phambha), n. Any puzzling,
mysterious disease, resisting all treat-
ment, and supposedly caused by an um-
takati; also — i-mPamba.

i-mPamba (Phambha), n. A taking-in, • a
trick. See i-mPamba-ya'nkwici.

Ex. uku-s'enxela impamba, to play us a
trick (of any kind ).

Pambana (Phambhana), v. Cross over one
another, as two paths, sticks, strings of
beads, etc., crossing one another ob-
liquely or at right angles; come up
against, cross by one another, as two
people passing one another when walk-
ing in opposite directions ; clash with,
contradict, be opposed to one another,
as two statements at variance (Sw. pa-
mbana, fall foul of; pandana, lie across;
Her. pambakana, put upon one another].

Ex. ahamb'epambana amadolo, his kuees

PA

483

PA

/

another — as when

rheumatics.

is nil a tangle,

at

go getting across one
rickety from old-age or
kupambapambene, it

sixes aud sevens.

Pambanisa (Phaiubha uisa), v. Make to
cross over one another, place across, as
two pieces of wood (ace.) or strings
of heads; make cross by one another,
or look in opposite directions, as when
packing things (ace.) with the heads
alternately changed; put at cross pur-
poses, make clash or disagree, as talk
or evidence (ace).

Ex. uku-pambanisa ixintsuku, to alternate

the days, take or do on alternate days (as

medicine).
Pambanisela (Phambhanisela), v. Make a

cross or dodging-stroke at one (ace).

See um-Pambaniselo.
um-Pambaniselo (Phambhaniselo), n. 5.

Dodging or tricking stroke or blow.
Ex. ungishaye ngenduku yompatnbaniseb,

he has -truck me with a dodging-blow i.e.

pretending to aim at my legs, he dealt me

a blow on the head.
isi-Pambano (Phambhano), n. Cross (M.).
isi-Pambato (Phambhatho), n. Two kinds

of trees (Plectronia spinosa and anas-

trabe integerrima) growing along the

coast.

i-mPamba-ya'nkwici (Pambha; s.p.; s.k.),n.
Slip, dodge, e.g. as to the day of one's
arrival, or when cunningly escaping
from another's company.

Ex. uku-s'enzela for shayela) impamba-ya-
'nhwiei, to give us the slip, play us a dodge.

Pambeka (Phambheka), v. Get taken in or
, tricked so as to go astray, as by a mis-
leading path; hence, go wrong, err,
make a mistake. Comp. posisa.

Pambi (Pkambhi), prep.; adv. In front

of; in presence of; before (followed by

kwa of thing) [Skr. pra, in front of;

<!r. para, beside; Ha. gaba, before].
Ex. umdala /<> ngapambi Livedo, this one

is older (before) than that.
Pambili (Phambhili), prep.; adv. Before,

on ahead of, prior to; in trout of [Skr.

pro, in front of; Or. para, beyond;

Nyamb. hambele, before; Gu. kumbeli;

Suk. kumbele; Sw. mbele; Tu. mbere\

Kami), mbee; Kag. mwandi; San. /■•>/-

mande].

Ex. pambili bo.' on ahead then'!
ukubeke pambili kwake, place it down in
front of him.

upambili, he is on before, further on.

ama-Pambili (Phambhili), u. Euphemism
for semen maris (= ama-Lota); also =
ama-Mbila.

el itself.

um-Pambili (Phambhili), n. 6. Euphemism
for male private parts. Cp. um-Tondo
[Ski', nabhilam, private parts].

um-Pambo (Phambho), n. 6. Stringwork
netted round tin- body of a broken pot
to hold it together; Buch
Sec pamba.

i-mPambosi (Pambhoai), u. Anything in
Hi" nature of a turning-off from a main
course, as a branch-stream, side-furrow
going nif from a main ditch, a bye-path
leaving a high-road, <>v side-issues in
matters of talk; sometimes used meta-
phor, for a misleading or perverting
influence.

Pambuka (Phambhuka), v. Turn off from
one's way by another path, deviate,
diverge from (with loc); euphem. for

menstruate ( potela, >/< ;u, </a/:a >.

Pambukela (Phambhukela), v. Turn off

into a kraal, as for the nighl when

travelling.

Pampata (Phampatha), >\ Make false

charge against a person (ace.); rap on

a door (ace.), or person's head with a
stick.

Pamu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. /»/,,, u:...

Pamu, ukuti (Phamu, ukuthi), r. pamu-
ka.

i-mPamu (s. />.), n. = i-Mpama.

Pamuka (Phamuka), r. pahluka.

Pamuza (s.p.),v. do flopping with the
feet in or through a watery marsh, or
shallow water; go clumsily in talk,
flounder about, not disputing in a me-
thodical manner, flopping aboul with
purposeless words; have beer in abun-
dance, be flopping about in it (with loc)
= ukuti pamu; mpamuza.

Pana (Phana), r. lie liberal or generous
in giving (opposite of ncishana i [I.. Co.
vana, give].

Ex. uBani uyapana, So-and-so is very
kind i.e. a generous giver (cp. umu-S

upanile kimi ngotshwala, he gave me gen-
erously of bis beer.

Panda (Phanda),v. Scratch up, as a dog

or fowl the earth (ace); scratch, scrape,

or dig out with the hands, as the earth

so as to extract a root or make a chan-
nel : ' pump ' a person (ace), try t"
tract information from him ( guba)
= qwanda, QWaya, (jwisim (hat. rutin,

scrape; ^w./tara, scratch up; Her. para,

^■V,\U'\\ ; pOflda, scrape].

um-Panda fPhanda), u. ~>. Old, worn-out

imbiza of any kind.
um-Pandazewule (Phandazewule),n.5. < >ld
umpanda kept hidden in the veldt by

31*

PA 484

an umtakati for storing away the izi-
dwedwe he has collected; (C.N.) certain
medicine used as a love-charm by young-
men.

Ex. intornbi yakwa'mpanda%eu>ule, the
daughter of an umtakati.

i(li)-Pande (Phande), n. Bundle or clump,
as of several wattles forming the arch
of a Native door-way, or of sticks or
assegais carried by a man in one hand
(gen. the left).

i-mPande (s.p.),n. Single branch or fang
of the root of any plant owing to the
custom of hlonipa'ing the name of the
king uMpande, this word has now been
replaced in Zululand by another i-nGxa-
bo [Lat. rad-ix, root; Sw. panda, to take
root; MZT. mu-yanda, root; Her. o-
ndape, roots growing in water].

isi-Pandeko (s.p.; s. k.), n. Short reim for
tying the hind-legs of cattle when milked
(N.).

Pandhla (Phandhla), v. = xopa; also (C.N.)
= badhla.

isi-Pandhla (Phandhla), n. Armlet or neck-
let of i-nTsimango skin, goat's-hair, etc.
("p. isi-Punga; vbu-Nyati.

i-mPandhla (s.p.), n. High bald forehead,
baldness in the front of the head above
the forehead and going back towards
the crown; person with the same. Comp.
u-Kongolo [Sw. ki-paa, bald head;
Her. pparu, bald place on head].

u(lu)-Pandhlasi (Phandhlasi), n. Tall, slim-
bodied person.

u(lu)-Pandhlazi (Phandhlasi), n. (N) —
um-Zungulu.

Pandhle (Phandhle), adv.; prep. Outside,
without (followed by kioa. of thing). Cp.
endhle. See ng a pandhle [Ar. barra,
outside; MZT. panze; Her. pendye;
Sw. nje; Ho. bande; Chw. fantle; At.
niiyi).
Ex. yibeke pandhle, put it outside.

ama-Pandhle (Phandhle), n. The 'parts'
(of the country) away from the royal-
kraal, the common or public parts (even
though the particular kraal may not be
very far from the great-place).

i-mPandhleni (s. p.— collect.^, n. Certain
kind of medium large white or yellow-
ish beads.

ama-Pandosi (Phandosi, no sing.,), n.
Shakiness, quiver in the voice, as of one
about to cry, or a very old woman.
Comp. i-nTsasa, i(li)-Hoshoza.

u(lu)-Pandosi (Phandosi), n. Certain shrub,
whose cool leaves are pasted over the
head when the sun is verv hot.

PA

um-Pandu (Phandu), n. 5. = um-Gede
[Goth, hulundi, cave; Lat. eavus, a
hollow ; Sw. paango, cave].

Pane (Phane), adv. = kazi.

Panga (Phanga), v. Do anything hurriedly,
with eager haste, as a child eating food
(ace.) greedily ; hurry, as to do anything
(with uku); hurry along with, as any
work (ace); take anything (ace.) from
a person (ace.) violently, rob, plunder,
as a highway-robber [Skr. bhaksh, eat;
Her. hakahana, hurry ; Ga. angwia,
hurry; Sw. harakisha, hurry; poka,
rob].'

Ex. mus'ukupanga, don't eat so greedily.

basipanga impahla yonke e-ndhleleni, they
robbed us of all our goods on the road.

leupangwa umkosi, it is hurried along for
an alarm (as that some danger is approach-
ing, or some accident has happened).

Phr. kupangwa umdaka, linile, y'ini? is it
hurried off into the mud (to hoe), because
it has rained? — said to reprove an impetuous
person eager to do something, as to get
married, before the opportune time.

isi- Panga (Phanga), n. Shoulder-blade [Her.
o-hongwe],

um-Panga (Phanga), v. 5. = um-Ngqabe;
(C.N.) also used for oak-tree.

isi-Pangabuli (Phangabuli), n. Over-hasty,

impetuous, too eager person, as when
acting, eating, etc.

Pangalala (Phangalala), v. Be or get clear-
ed away, scattered abroad, dispersed,
finished away (used in pert'.), as the meat
of a slaughtered ox when already cut up
and stored away within the huts, or a
wedding-party when already dispersed ;
be cleared out of strength, have the
limbs (tim-zimba) scattered abi'oad from
thorough exhaustion or strengthlessness ;
be cleared away, gone off, departed, as
a man who has just breathed his last;
be or get to look to one as though scat-
tered abroad i. e. as though broadened
out, as when one enters a hall cleared
of its audience or a hut from which all
the furniture has been removed and
imagines that it is now larger than it
was before ( not used of new buildings
when made 'largely'); be or become
higher or louder, increase in volume, as
the sound or noise produced by or from
anything, e.g. the noise of a tuning-fork
when stood upon a table after being
struck — this word is rapidly becoming
obsolete, its use being nowadays almost
confined to the first mentioned example
{viz. the slaughtered ox) [Sw. panga,
arrange out; pakia, stow].

PA 485

Ex. ngati qata, umsindo wasowupangalele,

1 came on the scene when the wedding wa«
already dispersed.

um-Pangazane (Pkangazane), n. 5. Insati-
able appetite or hunger, as some chil-
dren have; timidity, nervous agitation.
Pangela (Phangela), v. Hurry after a per-
son (ace.), etc.
i(li)-Pangela (Phangela), n. Certain kind

of u(lu)-Kamba of a large size.
Pangelana (Phangelana), v. Hurry for
one another, as two greedy children
eating together.
i-mPangele (s.p.), n. Crowned Guinea-fowl
( Numida coronata ) and Crested Guinea-
fowl (N. verreauxi); certain large-sized
black bead with white spots; also black
cloth, etc, with white spots.
Pangeza (Phangeza), v. (N.) pengeza.
Pangisa (Phangisa), v. caus. of panga, for
which, and in a like sense, it is frequently
used.
i(li)-Pango (Phango), n. Great hunger or
ravenous appetite, as after a long walk
(comp. um-Pangazane) ; lengthy, small
(not protruding), nice-looking belly;
hungry-looking, sunken belly, as from
famine; hence, part of the flank of an
animal just below the ribs where emp-
tiness of the stomach shows itself.

Ex. sengikwelwe ipemgo lomsebenxi, I am
already troubled by a great hunger from
work.

uxawubuya es'e'panyo'iide, he will return
(after his day's journey) with a long empty
stomach i.e. ravenously hungry.
um-Pangqolo (Phangqolo), n. 5. Poor, de-
stitute individual (mostly applied to a man
without a wife) = um-Pongqolo, i-Mpa-
bang a, um-Hlalaqa, um-Hlumbulu.
Pangqu, ukuti (Phangqu, ukuthi), v. Come
suddenly out of, rush out of, as a child
from a hut = pangquza.
Pangquza (Phangquza), v. = ukuti. pangqu.
isi-Pani (s.p.),n. Span, as of oxen [Eng.].
Panqa (Phanqa), v. Do L e. travel over,
a large stretch of country alone, unac-
companied, in a solitary manner = paqa.
Ex. ixwe walipanqa, walisa emHlatuxe,
he journeyed solitarily along towards the
Umhlatuze.
Panqu, ukuti (Phanqu, ukuthi), v. Be all
alone, solitary, destitute, as below;
sometimes used adverbially as simply
'panqu'. Cp. ukuti twanqu.
Panqu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.). r. panqu-

ka; panqu.ii.
u- Panqu (Phanqu), n. Solitarily-left, desti-

PA

tute person, without wife, children, cattle,
home, etc, 'alone in the world'. Cp.
u-Twanqu.

Panquka (s.p.; s. k.), v. Get wriggled about,
as the tail of a dog, etc, as below
ukuti panqu; paquka,

Panquza (s.p.), v. Wriggle about, as a dog
its tail (ace. = tshik iza ), a snake ( with or
without reflect, form) when struck and
injured (comp. binya), a buck seeking
to release itself from a trap, and (jocu-
larly) of a man travelling about tin-
country, or a woman bustling here there
and everywhere at work ukuti pa-

nqu; paquza.

Panquzeka (s.k.),v. panquka.

um-Pantsha (Paantsha), n. 5. (C.X.)

uiu-Patsha.
Pantsi (Phantsi), prep.; adv. Under, under-
neath, beneath, below -actually or figur-
atively (with kwa); down, on the
ground [Skr. adhas, below; Ax. taht,
under; Hi. niche, tale, below; San. Bis.
panzi; U. pansi; Ya. pasi; Sum. hansi;
Ga. wansi; Go. host; Sha. hashi; K«>.
pahi ; Heh. panhi; Kwe. hanhi; Ku.
vati; Her. kehi; Chw. fatse, earth; Ev.
anyi, down; Sak. antani],

Ex. us'epantsi, he is now down /. e. laid
up ill.
yibeke pantsi, put it down.
ngakutola pantsi. I found it on the ground.
upantsi kwako, he is less than yon (in
size, age, etc.). or is under your headship.

isicoco angikwaxi ukus'enxela pantst, I
don't know how to make a headring on
nothing ( ■/'. e. without a mau's head to make
it on ).
Pantsu, ukuti (Phantsu, ukuthi), v. Give
one (ace.) a swipe or cut with a switch
= ukuti tantsu, pantsula.
Pantsuka (Phantsuka), v. Gel struck, as

above.
Pantsula (Phantsula), v. ukuti pantsu,

tantsula. ■
u(lu)-Panya (s. p.), u. Stuff, rubbish, non-
sense (with kul uma ).
Panyaza (s. )>.),>'. banyaza; also twa-

rtyaza.
i(li)-Panyaza or Panyazi (s.p.),n, i(H)-

Banyaza.
Panyeka (Phanyeka), v. Hang up, Buspend,
as a garment (ace) on a fine, bat on a
peg, or lamp to a ceiling [Lat pendo,
I hang up; Her. nyaneka, ban- out;
Svr.angika, bang op; Ga, antfci,'- spread
out prob. akin to eneka q. v.].
isi-Panyeko (Phanyeko), n. String, or long
stick, bung from side to side of a hut
for hanging garments on.

PA

Panza (Phanza), r. Live or stay in another
kraal for sake of food, as people coming
from a district ruined by drought and
famine. See i-mPanza.

Ex. ngixe 'kupanxel'amabele, I have come
to stay i with you I for corn (or food).

i-mPanza (s.p.), n. One staying for food
in another kraal,'having been driven by
famine from his own = isi-Panzi. See
panza,

isi-Panzi (Plianzi), n. = i-mPanza.

Papa (Phaplia), v. Flap the wings, as a
cock (= ba/a/za, papaza); hence, move
by Dapping the wings i. e. fly, as a bird
(^r ndiza) ; be gone altogether bad, hard-
ened in one's evil ways, as an incorri-
gible child, or one who doesn't mind
doing wrong before others ( used inperf.) ;
lie nervous, anxious, timid, as about the
result of a relation's sickness, or lest an
unpleasant report refer to some parti-
cular person (= epapa; cp. enqena;
u(ht)-Pazi) [Skr. pat, fly; Ar. tar, fly;
Sw. pita, fly].

Ex. upapile lo'muntu, he has flown away,
has this man, i. e. has gone bad beyond all
bounds.

i-mPapa (Papha), n. Hip-bone, of cattle (N).

isi-Papa (Phapha), v. Timid, nervous per-
son (= i(li)-Papateka); broad-shoul-
dered person (= isi-Pika); broad but
short-bladed assegai (= i-nKemba);
(C.N.) euphorbia; mushroom (seei-nTlo-
ntlwane).

um-Papa (Phapha), n. 5. Large euphorbia
(C.N.). See um-Hlontlo.

Papalaza (Phaphalaza), v. Miss the mark,
miss the place, as an assegai ( nora.)
thrown without effect, or the thrower,
or a dog running off to the wrong bush
in search of a buck, a bad dancer get-
tiny out in the step, or a man stating
a case unintelligibly, not going straight
to tin; point. Comp. geja; tantalaza.

Papama (I'haphama), v. Wake, open the
eyes from sleep (intrans.). Cp. vuka;
beka.

Ex. upapamile, he haw awoke.
upapeme, lie is awake {i.e. from sleep);
ubekite, lie La awake (i.e. has the eyes open,
perhaps not having yet gone to sleep).

Papamela (Phaphamela), v. Wake up sud-
denly to anything (ace.), as a person
( nom.) standing thoughtlessly for a time
and then suddenly remembering his

work, or a bull, going about with the
cows as though unaware of their pre-
all at once commencing to pay
them active attention.

Wake from

486 PA

Papamisa (Phaphamisa), v,
sleep ( trans.).

i(li)-Papasi (Phaphasi), n. Calabash-vessel
with broad open mouth and straight
sides used for beer (comp. isi-Henge);
hence, lidded tin-can, as bought in the
stores; also = i(li)-Papateka.

Papateka (Phaphatheka), v. Act, speak, etc.,
in a nervously excited, fluttering, timid,
frightened manner, as one who has seen
a 'ghost' (= pakazela ) ; run off in a
wild rushing, headlong fashion, as a
sheep or horse that has taken fright;
lose, or fade in, colour, as the veldt in
winter, a coloured dress from the sun
or age [Sw. papatika, flutter].

i(li)- Papateka (Phaphatheka), n. Timid,
nervous person or animal, that runs
away at the sight of anything = isi-
Papapaka, i(li)-Pdpasi.

um-Papateka (Phaphatheka), n. 5. Any
faded thing, that has lost its original
brightness of colour (turned white, as
the Natives say), as an old isidwaba,
or coloured curtain = tim-Papu. Cp.
um-Gwagwa.

Papaza (Phaphaza), v. Flap the wings, as
a cock or bird (not as a flag = bakuza,
gubaza); flap or flutter, as the wings
themselves.

Papazela (Phaphazela), v. Flutter with
nervousness, timidity, as one in a great
fright = papateka, bakuzela.

isi-Papazi (Phaphazi), n. Moth, of any of
the larger kinds (rarely used). Cp.
u(lu)- Vemvane; i(li)-Bu.

u(lu)-Papa (Phapha), n. Feather, of any
bird; crest of a snake (see isi-Qova)
[Lat. penna, wing; MZT. i-baba, wing;
Sw. u-bawa, wing-feather ; Her. otyi-
vava, wing].

i(li)-Papu (Phaphu), n. Lung, of man or
beast ; nervousness, timidity (= um-
Papu) = i(li)-Bakuba, i(li)-Bukubu
[Sw. pafu, lung; Her. e-punga\.

um-Papu (Phaphu), n. 5. Redwater (?), in
cattle — a disease formerly common
along the Zululand coast (= u(lu)-Hc-
ngele); nervousness, timidity (perhaps
from symptoms of nervous agitation in
a beast with the afore-said disease =
i(li)-Papu); anything of a dull faded
colour (= um-Papateka).

Paqa, ukuti (Phaqa, ukuthi), v. Be, or
come, into the open, into full sight (=
ukuti paqalaka, qangqalazi, qalu);
meet well or closely together (= ukuti
givambaqa, ne); clap the hands (with
iz-andhla or'ama-hlombe) ; drop, patter,

y

PA

as a drop of rain or water falling (=
ukuti qaba); give, pour out, serve out
in a very small quantity, just a drop,
just a wee bit (= ukuti qaba, qoyi);
often used adverbially to express mere,
merely (= nje, kupela, qwaba ).

Paqa (Phaqa), v. = panqa.
Paqalaka, ukuti (Phdqalaka, ukuthi), /'.
ukuti qanyqalazi.

Paqaza (Phaqaza),v.== ukuti paqa.

Paqula (Phaqula), v. Rub off with the
hand, as dirt (ace.) from any part of
the body = kanqa.

Paquluka (Phaquluka), v. = putshuka.

Paqulula (Phaqulula), v. = putshuza.

Paquza (Phaquza), v. = panquza.

Paquzeka (Phaquzeka), v. = panquzeka.

Pasa (Phasa), v. Support, as a pillar does
a roof (ace); prop up, from below up-
wards, as a roof (ace.) when falling in
(not a wall falling outwards or sideways
(— sekela; ciya); make one's life un-
pleasant, worry the life out of one, as
one person another (ace.) by his arbi-
trary treatment, constant scolding or
fault-finding.

Pasalala (Phasalala), v. = pasalaza.

Pasalaza (Phasalaza), v. Do from sheer
perversity, wilfulness, as a child doing
wrong after being corrected.

Paseka (Phaseka), v. Have one's life made
unpleasant, be chronically worried, as
by the incessant scolding, fault-finding,
or arbitrary treatment of another ( used
in perf.). Comp. hlomeka.

Pasha, ukuti (I'hasha, ukuthi), v. Break
out into sight, as the sun from behind
the clouds, or in the morning ( only used
of the sun ). Comp. ukuti patsha.

i(li)-Pasoio (Phasolo),n. Cross-stick resting
upon two other uprights, as that form-
ing the lintel of the entrance to a
cattle-fold, or the scaffolding erected for
standing on when building a Native hut
(nearly obsolete).

Ex. we! 'Nlcuhlu, asiye 'kubauiba ipasolo,
s'enze ukwehla kweyundane, I say, Nkuhlu,
let us go and catch hold Of the lintel, and
play the connng-down of the rat — a game
in which a child takes hold of a horizontal
bar above him. raises his legs, passes them
over his head beneath the horizontal bar,
and lets them fall on the other side.

Pata. ukuti (Phatha, ukuthi), v. = pataza;

patazeka; ukuti buba.
Pata (Phatha), v. Touch with the whole

hand, hold, handle ( cp. tinta; halaza);

hold, bear, in the hand (for the head,

487 PA

etc., sec t/rn/n), engage oneself upon,
be occupied with, have to <l<» with,
any work (ace.); deal with, treat, as an
overseer his men (ace.) ; direct, m
superintend, as a foreman any work
(ace.), or a captain his regiment (ai
touch ( witli the mouth ), refer t<>. a- :i
certain matter (ace.) in a conversation
(— hay a); use, make use of, as bad
words (ace), or a tool in any work
[Skr. vah, carry; Gr. krateo, I rule;
paio, I heat; L&t. palpo, 1 tunc], gently;
MZT. jata, hold; Uo.v.yafa, touch upon;
Sw. pasa, have reference to; papasa,
handle; Ga. kwata, bold; I.u. kuata.
hold].

Ex. kiihli' ufike, upete imali yayo (tnJcomo),

it would he well for you to '(inn. hringiug
its money or price (of the cow).

ub'epete irmkonto, he was carrying
gais in the hand.

ubapete, he has them (the unruly hoys)
properly in hand or under control.

kaxi ukupata abuntu, he doesn't know
how to deal with Natives.

ubapata kahlc or fcabi, he treats them
well, or ill.

ulokii unyipete ngomlomo, you have always
got me in your mouth, always got something
to talk (badly) about inc.

awu! loko kanyisakupete, oh: that, I don't
even mention it any more.

qa! kakupatanya icena, no! he made no
reference to you.

ukipe inkomaxi ipete inkonyana, he pro-
duced a cow along with it-^ calf.

nyipetuc ixinyo, I am being dealt with'
pitched into, pained by a tooth = nyikweUce
i\ inyo.

bahamba bepete, they went on their journey
carrying ( food ) with them.

iilibi'lr ukupatfuyeka, you arc dilly-dallying
taking up and putting down (as when in-
dolently searching for something).

kad'epat'eyeka, he has been doing, then
leaving off, for ever so long.

us'ermtkile, waya 'kupat'inyane WoMagula,
she has already left, gone t<> take care of a
child at Magula's.

upatele-ni? why do you touch upon it i with
the mouth)? — sometimes used to ex]
'of course", 'certainly', 'why do you ask',
'don't mention it'.

im-Pata (Phaatha), >/. 5. Thing of a cir-
cular, or round, shape flattened in at
the sides and so given an oval shape,
as a certain make of Urkamba, man's
headring, pumpkin that has been press-
ed on the sides in the growing, or a
narrow head long from front to back
and so showing flat sides (= u(lu)-Ge-
dhla); often used to express an 'oval-

PA

shaped', also sometimes 'flat' thing
generally = u(Ju)-Bodongo, um-Buba,
u-Mahlanza-ngenyakato.

u(lu)-Pata (Paata; s.p.; s.t.),u. Mouldy
rotting mealies remaining at the bottom
of the pit from the harvest before last.
Cp. u-Nyasa; is-Angcobe; ama-Kutuza.

Patalala, ukuti (ukuihi; s.p.; s.t.), y. Sprawl,
lie sprawling: fall sprawling i.e. with a
genera] bulging outward all round, as a
Native hnt sinking from decay = ukuti
badalala.

Patalala (s.p.; S.t), v. ukuti patalala.

isi-Patamandhla (Phathamandhla), n. One
who carries authority — was sometimes
applied to a messenger of the king,
while out on his travels.

Pataneka (Phathaneka), v. Hesitate, or
stammer, in one's speech, as a stutter-
ing person, or a foreigner from lack of
words; also = puzaneka.

Patana (Pkathana), v. Get or be flattened
together, as the sides of anything round,
like a hut. gourd, etc. = bubana.

Pata pata, ukuti (Phathaphatha, ukuthi), v.

Keep handling, touching with the hand
slightly ; also = pataza.

Pataza (Phathaza), v. Smack slightly with
the open hand on the side of the head,
as one might a child (ace. — cp. ukuti
pubu); flatten in, as the sides of any
round thing, like a basket (ace), hut,
bladder, a man's head-ring, or a lump
of (lough when forming loaves; flatten
or draw in the sides, crouch, as a cat
or lion when about to spring =■ bubaza.

Patazeka (Phathazeka),v. Get so flattened
in at the sides; be flat or flattened in,
as above = bubazeka.

Patelela (Phathelela), v. Lay the hand
upon, as upon a person's head (loc);
lay hold of, hold on to, as to a rope
(ace.) when climbing. Comp. bambelela.
Ex. mus'ulcupatelela esihlatini, don't be
laying your hand to your cheek — in the
manner of a Whiteman when sitting listen-
ing at a table, but as the Natives do only
when Bitting in grief or dejected thought.

Patisa (Phathisa), v. Cause to carry, man-
age, etc., hence, give into the charge
of, place under one's care, as one person
might his child or any work to another
(doub. ace.); send along by, as one
person his earnings or a message by
another ( doub. ace).

um-Patisihlalo (Phathisihlalo), v. I. Chair-
man (M).

ama-Pato (Phatho), n. = ama-Hayo.

488 PA

i-mPato (Patho),n. Treatment, handling
(M). See pata.

Patsha, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s. t.), v. = pa-
tshaka; patshaza; cp. ukuti pasha.

Patsha (s.p.; s. t.), v. Make stand up high,
as the isicoco (ace.) of a man or intloko
of a woman, by raising up the hairs
(ace.) continually with a pick or thorn.
See um-Patsha.

um-Patsha (Paatsha* s.p.; s.t.),n.5. Tall
standing isicoco of a man or intloko of
a woman — a fashion, as regards the
men, more common in Natal than in
Zululand, as regards the women more
common in Zululand than in Natal.

Patshaka (s. p.; s. k.; s. t.), v. Break forth,
as the water from a blister when prick-
ed = ukuti patsha; cp. ukuti pasha.

Patshaza (s.p.; s.t.), v. Make break forth,
as the water or blister (ace.) above =
ukuti patsha; cp. ukuti pasha.

isi-Patsholo (s.p.; s.t.),n. Gonorrhoea,
gleet — from the breaking forth ( ukuti
patsha) of the discharge (mod. word
from Natal, the disease not having been
known in Zululand before the arrival
of the European).

isi-Pawu (Phawu), n. Edible mushroom
(C.N.). See i-nKoivane.

u(lu)-Pawu (Phawu),n. Mark, brand-mark,
cut or stamped on anything in order to
distinguish it, as upon the side of a
horse or ear of a sheep (with beka, or
sika — C.N. fr. Xo.). See i-nCtvadi.

isi-Pawu pete (s.p.; s. t.), n. Any nice, love-
ly thing, pleasant to look at, as a beauti-
ful girl, or pretty article; sometimes
jocularly applied to delicious food.

Paxa, ukuti (Phaxa, ukuthi), v. = paxaza ;

paxazeka.
i-mPaxa, n. (N) = i-niBaxa.

Paxaza (Phaxaza), v. Make stick in the
mud, as a beast (ace.) by driving it
therein; go along sticking in the mud,
as in a muddy spot after rain; talk in
a slippery, sliding in all directions, de-
ceptive manner (= twaxaza) = paxeka.

Paxazeka (Phaxazeka), v. Get stuck in the
mud, etc., as above — paxekeka.

Paxeka (Phaxeka), v. Make stick in the
mud, as above = paxaza.

Paxekeka (Phaxekeka), v. Get stuck in the
mud, as above = paxazeka.

u-Payinapu (Phayinaphu), v.
[Eng.].

Payi payi, ukuti (Phayi phayi,
= payiza.

isi-Payipayi (Phayiphayi), n.

Pine-apple
ukuthi), v.
One with

PA 489

active, uneasy eyes, always on the look-
nut, and denoting roguisnness, cunning,
passion in the character, as a crafty boy
always after stealing, or a greedy selfish
child when eating alone. Cp. i(li)-Qwa-
shaqwasha.

Payiza (Phayiza), v. Work the eyes (ace.)
excitedly or activeljr, as when a mote
has got in, or a greedy child when eat-
ing to see whether others are coming.
Comp. qwashaza; qwayiza.

Pazama (Phazama), v. Make ;i slip or
blunder, as when disturbed in reckoning
or doing any work, or when forgetting

\ something in making a verbal state-
ment. Cp. pambeka; posisa [Her. pa-
ruisa, mistake].

Pazameka (Phazameka), v. Get made to
slip or blunder, as above.

Pazamisa (Phazamisa), v. Cause to make
a slip or blunder, in reckoning, talk, or
work, as by interrupting or disturbing.
Cp. Wcimeza.

Pazaneka (Phazaneka), v. = puzaneka.

Pazi, ukuti (Phazi, ukuthi), v. Make a
single rapid blinking movement ; hence,
wink, as does the eye ordinarily (= qiv a-
yiza; ep. qwashaza)] glitter, flash with
instantaneous coruscations, as sheet light-
ning, or a heliograph in action (= uku-
ti benge, bazi); make a short, quick
start, as a man from a sudden unexpect-
ed blow.

u(lu)-Pazi (Phazi), n. Feeling of shock,
of being flurried, of anxious fear or |
concern or agitation, as about the safety
of a person, the illness of a child, or
the reception of some visitor. Cp. enqe-
na.

Pazima (Phazima), v. Wink or blink, as >
the eye does naturally, or when a mote
has entered it (= qwayiza; op. qnut-
shaza); flash with rapid coruscations,
as sheet-lightning, or a heliograph in

PE
< Opening,

action (= ukuti pazi, benye, be»>/c)
[Her. papaiza, wink],

isi-Pazima (Phazima), n. Aurora or dis-
tant lightning without thunder (C.N.).

Pazuka (Phazuka), v. = pahluka.

i(li)-Pazukana (Phazukana), n. = i(li)-Pa-
hlukana.

Pazuluka (Phazuluka), v. Shout loudly;

^ 'shout' in talking so as to be heard
above everyone else.

Pe, ukuti (Phc, ukuthi- with prolongation
of the voweL), v. 'Fly' along, skim a-
long with great velocity, as a bicycle
or race-horse — peza; />(■/></; pepeleza;
ukuti he.

i(li)Pe (Phe), n. Opening, chana | 1(H)-

Tuba)\ h place, a Btanding, a position;

also u(lu)-Cabanga [Mpo. e-pa, bone;

e-tupa, bone; »w. /"/"/, bone; Reg.

< la. <iti mini, bone

opportunity].

In' mill ii mm , provide a

for this child :i- by

rrived girl t>> the <jtli.-r»

with tin-in.

get in

Her,

mu-kuha, Done;
akin to X. i-tuba,
Ex. umfunele ipe
place or Btanding
introducing a newly-
ot' the school so that Bhe

Sec I'lkisu.

i: ill ii labuya las'enzela ipe, the weathei
afterwards gave us ;i chance <>r opening
ns when it had been raining :ill the morning,
and lIiph clearing up, gave us an opportunity
for starting on our journey.

isi-Pe (Phe),n. — isi-Pepa.

Peca (Pheca),v. Fold over, turn back
anything (ace.) so thai it lay flat on the
other portion (generally of soft, very
pliant things, or when turning over the
mere edge, slightly), as when folding
(not rolling) up a sheet of paper, or
when folding back the edge of a garment
when hemming it, or when turning
down the collar of a coat, or when
knocking over the edge of a hoe (comp.
peqa ; feceza); tuck hack the flaps of the
isi-Dwaba (ace.), as a woman dues when
walking through the dew; close, as a
knife; touch upon, talk about, any parti-
cular affair (ace. — comp. pala ); invert,
turn over in the opposite direction, as
a lying person, who when found out,
endeavours to make out he said some-
thing else = ukuti pece, peceza [Her.
peta, turn to one side].

Pece, or Pece pece, ukuti (Phece, ukuthi), v.
Bend, turn, or fold sharpy back or loo-
sely over upon itself, as anything pliant
like a piece of tin (ace), or the parts of a
snaffle-bit; turn about, turn off sharply
here; and there, on one's path, as when
seeking to evade being tracked; turn
pliantly about in one's speech, saying
first one thing, then another, as a crafty
dodger; turn glibly off, say off with
facility, turning the tongue easily here
and there, as the names of certain places
difficult for others to pronounce or re-
member, or a foreigner bringing out
fluently the words of another language
— peca, peceza, ukuti pecekazi.

Peceka (Pheceka), v. Ge1 so bent, turned
or folded about or back, as above.

Pecekazi, ukuti (Phicekazi, ukuthi), v.
ukuti pece.

i(li)-Pecepecana (Phecephecana), n. Wrig-
gling, evasive, lying talker, who twists
his words in any direction and so can-
not be relied on for truth.

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490

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Pecepeceza (Phecepheceza), v. Talk as an

i-Pecepecana q. v.
Peceza (Pheceza), v. — ukutipeee.
i(li)-Pefu (Phefu), n. A breath, moment's
free-breathing, short interval of rest,
respite, as when resting a moment after
a spell of hard work, when going up a
hill, or a sick person getting a little
sleep or ease from his pain.

Ex. qa.' ngisahlaba ipefu, no! I am just
taking a moment's breathing-time.

Pefumula (Phefumula), v. Breathe [Sw.
pumuzi, breath; Ga. umulla, exhale
breath].

um-Pefumulo (PJiefumulo), n. 5. Breath;
soul (M).

Pefuzela (Phefuzela),v. Pant, as a stout
person going up a hill, or a child when
sobbing (for gasp, see befuzela) = ke-
fuzrhi, pikazela. Comp. hehezela.

Pehla (Phehla), >'■ Work-up anything (ace.)
L e. keep it under constant rapid
motion, so as to produce a certain
result (ace.), as when 'working-up' or
vigorously shaking the cream in a ves-
sel so as' to produce butter, or when
working or revolving rapidly one stick
in the hole made in another so as
to produce fire, or when working or
beating up medicine in a bowl so as to
produce a lather; bore or 'work' a hole
in wood (ace.), as does the i-mPehlwa
insect; work up the stomach (ace.) or
work it out, as mealies swallowed whole
or other indigestible food, causing di-
arrhcea; provoke, produce by constant
provocation, as anger (ace.) in a person.

i-mPehla (s.p.),n. = i-mPehlwa.

u(lu)-Pehlacwati (Phehlacwathi),n. Certain
bush, bearing small non-edible berries
and whose wood is used as tinder =
u(lu)-Pehlu.

Pehle, ukuti (Ptiehle, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
fehle.

Pehleka (Phehleka), v. — fehleka.

Pehleza (Phehleza), v. === fehleza.

Pehlu, ukuti (Phehlu, ukuthi),v. — pehluza.

um-Pehlu (Phehlu), n. 5. Second milking
of, or supply of milk from, a cow after
the ralf has been allowed to draw
down the milk again by sucking. See
ama-Mbila, um-Ncunze, um-Gqobiya.

u(lu)-Pehlu (Phehlu), n. Constant working
away at or provocation of a person to
anger or to fight, by annoying language
or action; also = u(lu)-Pehlacwati.

Ex. unqikwele ngopehlu, he is troubling
me with his persistent provocation ( to rise
up again.-t him).

Pehluza (Phehluza), v. Keep constantly
working or rubbing away on the same
spot, as a person continually fidgetting
about on his seat, or when keeping up
a constant provocation of some person
(ace); keep constantly and uneasily on
the move, as a person going continually
here and there about the place or country.

i(li)-Pehlwa (Phehlwa), n. Butter (= um-
Gwagwa) boiled and strained (in order
to reduce the 'buttery' smell), for use
as body-unction.

i-mPehlwa (s.p.),n. Small wood-boring
beetle, very destructive; small pai-asite
(either itch, sand-worm, or jigger-flea)
said to burrow beneath the skin of the
feet and hands, causing inflammation
and suppuration; mites found in an old
amasi-govLTd (= ubu-Vunya), and sup-
posed to be also in decayed teeth (cp.
um-Swenya); also (C.N.) = isi-Tubi.

um-Pehlwana (Phehlwana),n.5. Plant,
whose roots are used as an emetic.

Peka (Pheka), v. Cook by boiling, as meat
(ace.) or porridge — almost all Native
food being prepared in this way; per-
sistently harass a person (ace), warm
him up, as by incessant scolding, or
when bothering a person about the
same thing with annoying l-epetition
[Skr. pakta, cooked; Gr. pepto, I cook;
Hi. pakana, cook; Ar. tabakh; Nyam.
deka; Sha. dika; Sw. pika; Mpo. pika;
MZT. jika; Ngu. ambika; Her. tereka;
Go. buga; San. sang a; Ga. fumba].

Phr. umuntu ongapekwanga, a wild, un-
ruly, insubordinate, pugnacious person.

usipeka ngayipi? what is it he keeps
worrying us for?

um-Pekambedu (Phekambhedu),n. 5. Small
veldt-plant (Indigofera arrecta) pro-
ducing indigo and used by the Natives
for dyeing grasses for mat-ornamen-
tation.

isi-Peke (s.k.; s.k.), n. Bacon; ham [D.sjjek].

u(lu)-Pekepa (Phekepha),n. Skin or husk
of most grain or berry-like foods, as of
mealie-grains, peas, beans, etc. = u(lu)-
Pepa, u(lu)-Kwabalate.

isi-Pekepeke (Phekepheke), n. Hasty-tem-
pered, impetuous, furiously-acting per-
son who wont wait for reason (N).

Peketula (s.p.; 8. t), v. Reveal openly, bla-
zon out the private affairs (ace), dirty
secrets, shameful deeds of other people.
See ama-Pekefwane.

i(li)-Peketwane (s.p.; s.k.; s.t.),n. Boiled
mealie-grain cracked open from over-
boiling (= i(li)-Mbende); (plur.) dirty
private affairs openly revealed but which

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491

ought to have been kept covered up
(see peketula).

Pekezela (Phekezela), v. = pelekezcla.

i-mPeki (s.p.; s.k.),n. One who super-
intends the cooking, as at a feast; a
cook.

isi-Peko (PhekoLn. Beast given by abride-
groom's people to the bridal party to be

slaughtered and ate by them 'in the
bush' on the morning of the wedding-
day; phir. izi-Peko, food contributed by
the neighbouring kraals to the feast at
a girl's first menstruation, marriage, etc.

um-Peko (Pheko), n. o. Great or abundant
cooking, as of beer.

Peku, ukuti (Pheku, ukuthi), v. = pekuka;
pekula; pekuza.

Pekuka (Phekuka), v. Get turned up so
as to stand erect, get bent or directed
upwards, get cocked up, as the tail of
a goat, man's ibeshu when sitting down,
some people's upper-lip naturally, the
cover of a book from the sun's heat, a
Kafir's blanket blown up behind with
the wind, or a firebrand with the light-
ed end turned outwards; spring or fly
back, as the spring of a trap (== kwe-
buka); go suddenly back on one's word,
promise, or line of action (~ kwebuka).

Pekula (Phekula), v. Turn up so as to
stand erect, cock up, throw up, etc., as
anything (ace.) above (= pekuza, be-
kuza); make spring or fly back, as
above (= kwebula); make draw sud-
denly back from one's word, as above
(— kwebula).

Phr. kwakupekuhea foikuni, the firebrands
were turned outwards on the lire ( witli their
flaming ends directed towards the enemy or
intended victim) — a practice among abata-
kati and ixinya/nga tempi.

isi-Pekula (Phekula), n. Anything set erect
or turned so as to stand up, as a goat's
tail, abdomen of the isi-Bonkolo ant, or
a person's upper-lip when drawn up to-
wards the nose = isi-Peshula.

isi-Pekupeku (Phekupheku), n. One quick,
spirited, energetic in action or work.
Comp. i(li)-Fukufuhu.

Pekuza (Phekuza), v. Turn up, cock up
(— pekula); do anything (ace.) with
spirit or quick energy, as when working,
hoeing, or walking (cp. fukuzcla); scratch
up the ground (ace), as a hen ( pa-
nda) = bekuza, penquza, vequza.

isi- Pekuza (Phekuza), n. = isi-Pekupeku.

Pela (Phela), v. Come to an end, be finish-
ed, as food, or work; be complete'].
as a hut, or field; be complete, entire,

PE

whole, aa one's money, or the memtx
of a party; be sound, without defect or
damage, as a wagon in perfect condi-
tion, or a person as to his health [Ar.
khallas, Finish; Bo. hela, cease; Ga. ma-
la, finish ; Her. mana\ finish J.

Ex. sebepein bonke na? qa! kabakapeli, are
they all here? DO I they are not all hen- yet.

bayapela abantu kica'Mtetwa, they .-ire dy-
ing right off, arc the peo le in the Mtetwa
district.

into engapele 'mkuba,

no purpose.

:i uselesH thii

■ I

nun! sesipelile amandhla, oh! we are now
exhausted, without further strength or hope.
Pela (Phela), adv. Well, well then, then;
of course, to be sure. Comp. kambe.

Ex. haviba pela, uma utanda, well then,
go, if you wish.

aicu! bengiyawuti-ni pela mina? oh! what
ever, or what then should I say? (nothing,
of course I.

nawe pela wovuma. and you also ot course
must agree.

i(li)-Pela (Phela), n. Any kind of house-
beetle or cockroach, though most com-
monly designating the smaller kinds (of
which there are three or lour varieties)
common in Native huts (for the larger
kitchen insect or 'black-beetles' see i(li)-
Gugu and umu-Ntonkone)\ one of the
ama-Pela regiment formed by Zwide
of the Ndwandwe elan; member of se-
veral supplementary regiments formed
by Mpande to recruit certain depleted
regiments of Dingana, and about the
time, before and after, of his forming
the regular is-Angqu regiment i Bee
u-Nongamulana ).

Phr. ungenwt ipela cndhlebeni, he has a
beetle entered in his ear — said ot or by a
man who has somebody persistently pestering
him, r. g. for the return of a loan.

N.B. The hut -beetle, while still -mall and
white, is at times regarded as an i-bika.
When it falls, generally in numbers at a
time, from the roof ot the hut. it annout
the coming of a friend.
i-mPela (s. />.). n. Entirety the word
seems no longer to be used as a noun,
but only as an adverb oradjective mean-
ing 'entirely, altogether, thoroughly,
without joking, truly, real, a fact', etc.,
and in the unaltered form impela, or
with »!/n. thus ngempela.

Ex. ihashi impela, a horse indeed i.e. a
real g 1 how

uy'isituta impela, you are a thorough,
downright fool.

ngiyaknkushaya impela, 1 will punish yon
properly, or, indeed 1 will.

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492

' you say so

PE

The end, conclusion ;

' u$hn iijalo rye?' 'Impela!3
then?' 'I do!'

uku-Pela (Phela), n.
the whole.

Ex. anginaye omumye; nknpcla ktoake lo,
I haven't another boy); this is the only
one.

tcaxiti nya, ukupela Icwaxo, he cleared
them off, the whole lot of them (cattle).

woti ub'ufike ekupeleni kwalolo'lukalo, ubo-
»f ininr.i. you will, when you reach the
end of that ridge, see the kraal.
i(li)-Pelagugu (PhelaguuguJ, n. (C.N.) =

i(li)'Gugu.
Peleka (Pheleka), v. Help, aid, assist a
person (ace.) in any way (seldom used)
= siza.

Pelekece, ukuti (Phelekece, ukuthi), v. Turn
or bond anything (ace.) sharply back
upon itself; get so turned or bended
back; turn tail, as a person suddenly
returning on his course, or going back
on his word; get sharply turned or
twisted out of joint, as the branches of a
snaffle bit, or one's ankle = ukuti pece.

u(lu)-Pelekehle (Phelekrhle),n. Ox with
long horns spread broadly out and
turned sharply back at the extremities.
Cp. i-nGoncjomba.

Pelekezela (Phelekezela), v. Accompany a
person (ace.) on a journey, escort (even
though for a short distance) = ])ekeze-
I(i, pelezela, [Sw. peleka, send].

Pelela (Phelela), v. Come to an end for,
as the food supply for a woman (ace.) ;
be complete in number, be all or wholly
there, as members of an assembly, or
the full quantity of anything.

FOx. yonke imali //ami yapelela pant si, all
my money came to an end on the ground.
i. ' . to no purpose, tor nothing.

sesipelelwt ukudhla, we are now come to
an end for by our food, i. e. our food-supply
is finished.

i-m Pelela (s. j>. — loc.e-m Pelela), n. The final
end of things, death, destruction — only
used as below. Com]). kwa'Lasha.

Ex. kits' empelela l<ip<>, it is death there,
'. g. in a very malarial coast-district, or at
a tyrannous chief's = kus'ekufeni, kukwa-

' I J is] Id .

ewaya empeleVabcmtu, he has already gone
where people come to their end i. e. the
way of all flesh, into the abyss of death.

u-Pelepele (s.p.),n. Pepper; chillies, or
chillie-plant [Eng.].

Pelezela (Phelezela), v. (N) pelekezela.
Pelisa (Phelisa), v. .Make conic to an end;
do away with, abolish, destroy.

Pelu, ukuti (Phelu, ukuthi), v. Dodge aside,
as from a stone coming ; dodge behind,
as a tree (with nga)\ dodge away, as
a crafty man behind a bush when he
sees the danger coming, leaving his
companion to face it alone ; hence, dodge
off, turn tail stealthily, play the turn-
coat, as a man who brings reports of
people and then denies them when
brought face to face with unpleasant
circumstances. Comp. ukuti ceze.

i(li)-Pelu (Phelu), n. One who dodges off,
turns tail, plays the turn-coat in danger.

Peluka (Pheluka), v. Get to dodge aside,
or off, as above.

Peluza (Pheluza), v. Dodge aside, behind,
or off, as above = cezeza.

Pemba (Phembha), v. Kindle a fire (ace.)
i. e. by putting a light to the sticks al-
ready set and blowing it up (comp.
basa, okcla, futela); raise up, as a
family (ace.) by taking wives, etc., or a
herd of cattle (ace.) by purchasing a
few cows ; get up anger (ace.), as a man
developing that weakness through con-
tinued worry, or as a boy provoking it
in his master by constant misbehaviour ;
make up, work up, put on the way to
development, as untruthfulness (ama-
nga) in a boy hitherto truthful [Sw.
pamba, arrange],

Phr. wotoupemba, tmyaw'oti, you will get
up (the fire), but not warm yourself at it --
may he used as a threat to express that you
will not live to reap the benefits of what
you are now doing (see i-Langa).

um-Peme (Pheme), n. 5. Any kind of
screen or shelter erected of matting,
grass, etc., to keep wind, rain, or sun
off a cooking place, or along one side
of a hut in course of building = um-
Pempe, um-Yeme. Cp. kosela.

Ex. woxa, singene la/pa enihlahleni sing'um-
peme, come into the bush here, it will be
a screen or shelter (from the wind or rain).

i-mPempe (s.p.),n. -- see i-Mpempe.

um-Pempe (Phempe), n. 5. = um-Peme.

isi-Pempenene (Phempenene), n. Broad,
flat face, without any receding or pro-
minence of forehead; wearer of such;
crafty, dodging person in his talk or
dealings with others.

i(li)-Pemula (Phemula), n. An um-Zaca
stick with one end pared into a thin
broad blade like that of an oar. Cp.
i-mPiselo.

i(li)-Pemvu (Phemvu), n. Helmet Shrike

(Prionops talacoma). Cp. i-mPemvu.

I i-mPemvu (s.p.),n. Beast (properly of a

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493

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black colour) having a white head and
neck, or merely a white face. See
obula; l-nGwevu.

isi-Penama (Phenarna),n. One of the Strips
of skin laid overlapping each other round
the top of an i-besku; hence, turned-
down collar of a coat, cape, tippet, etc.
( cp. isi-Pika ).

Pendhla (Phendhla), v. Open nut, open
away, turn or brush aside anything
(ace.) covering or hiding something
beneath, as scrub that lias grown thick
over a bush-track, clothes in a box to
search among those beneath, or a lot
of pots hiding something that has fallen
among them; uncover or open up any-
thing (ace.) lost or concealed, by removing
the grass, clothes or pots that prevent
one's finding or seeing it; open out or
uncover a beast's intestines (ace.) by
pulling them inside out with a stick;
uncover, search into, investigate an
affair (ace.) (comp.penya); brush aside,
brush away the hair (ace), as when
making a parting, or when brushing
it up (i. e. away from the forehead) so
that it stand in a high wig-like fashion
in front (see um-Pendhlemana).

um-Pendh\err\ana(Phendhletriana), n. 5. Fa-
shion of wearing the hair brushed up
into a standing mop above the fore-
head, as is common with young men
and girls. See pendhla.

i-mPendu (s.p.), n. Eyes of a person, or
such person himself, having a very
considerable squint = isi-Petu. Cp.
i-n Gxemu ; y a luza.

um-Pendu (Phendu), n. 5. Kind of interval
dance introducing a change in the dancing
and in which all the performers, hitherto
standing in a front-faced line, make a
right-turn, and follow one another about
dancing in a long single file, afterwards
perhaps re-assembling to start afresh.
See isl-Gerre, i-nKondhlo, i-nTsik<i:i,
isi-Qubulo, um-Gcagco.

Penduka (Phenduka), v. Get turned, chang-
ed, or altered, in any way; get turned
into, as ice into water (ace.) or ( as the
Natives say) a man into a snake (ace.)
after death; turn, or get turned, from
the straight course, take a turn, as a
road turning to right or left; turn, or
get turned round, so as to face a dif-
ferent direction, as a soldier drilling;
turn the meridian, begin to go down
after midday, as the sun (see pendula).

Ex. ummbila sozoupendttkile, wababoimni,
the mealies have now turned red.

Jeanti ikati lingapenduka inja na? can then
a cat turn into, or become, a dog?

a In l.i n )

! towards the

tiriiilirni/i, nl, ' u.< 'it peild 'ii/.u ,

ml.iilir.i , the road then tun
Umlalazi.

ngabona ukuti selipendiikiU ilanga, I »nw
thai the sun had now pawed noon.

penduka., ubeke ngakimi, turn round to-
wards me.

Pendukela (Phendukela), v. Turn, or
turned, towards, for, etc

Ex. pendukela kintiiux, turn, or nun round,

Iowa nb me.

Pendukezela (Phendukezela), v. Turn in-
side out, as u man his coat (ace); turn
over, or underside up, us our might a
sleeping-mat (ace.) ; turn upside down,
as a pot; invert, pervert, distort, as a
person's words or meaning hlane-
kezela.

Pendukisa (Phendukisa), v. Blake or can-'
to get turned, changed, or altered; make
get turned into; make <ir\ turned as to
direction. Comp. pendula.

Ex. woyipendukisela ngas'ekaya, you must

turn it (the cow running away) rouud in-
wards home.

Pendula (Phendula), v. Turn, change, alter
{trans.), in any way whatever; make
turn into, as ice (ace) into water (ace

or with subj.); make turn, so as to f:

another way or go in another direction;
answer a person (ace.) his letter, ques-
tion, etc. (ace. or with ku) [Sw.pindua,
turn; Her. petura, bend; Bo. andula,
answer; hitula, answer, change].

Ex. uw'eneke (ummbila) elangeni, ube uwu-
pendida njalo, you must spread it < the mea-
lies) out (to dry i in the sun, ami keep turn-
ing it over.

migisayiboiii, y'iloku upendidile umbala
ii(ii)n, I no longer recognise it (the cart .
since you have altered its colour.

uSitimela wati kuyakufika abelwtgu, axi-
pendule ibubesi, Sitimela said that, when the
Whitemen should arrive, he would turn him-
self into a lion.

kupendule, kubeke neno, turn it round to-
wards us.

ixulu liyapendula, the weather is changing
(for the worse i.e. rain, cold wind, etc.,
never for fine weather = ukusa

selipendule iningiximu, it has now chang-
ed to a south-wester.

selitand'ukupendula imrula, it now wants
to change to rain.

pendula kuloko engikubuxayo, reply to that

which I am asking.

kangipendtdanga umbuxc
answer me my question.

Pendulela (Phendulela), r.

a thing towards, to, or

else ( dOUb. ace. I.

ii niiii ,

lidu't

Turn ( trans.)

for something

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494

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Phr. uhi-m-pendulela ixikuni, to turn the
fire-brands towards one [as though to keep
him away) = to cut one off from compan-
ionship or society, turn the back on him.

uBanius'ependulelwe inkuni, So-and-so has
had the back turned on him generally by
his companions and friends.

Pendulisa (Phendulisa), v. Cause, or help
to turn anything (ace.).

Ex. mpendulise leli'bokisi, help him to
turn this box.

i-mPendulo (s.p.), >/. Answer, reply.

um-Pendulo (Phendulo), n. 5. Any medi-
cine used for changing the sex of chil-
dren (in the womb), and for other mat-
ters in regard to child-bearing.

um-Pendulobomvu (Phendulobomvu), n. 5.

Certain root, used as an emetic (C.N.).

isi-Pendulwana (Phendulwana), n. Certain
veldt-herb.

i-mPene (s.p.),n. Raging lust in females

(C.N.). Cp. v(Iu)-Vchu.
i-mPenge (s.p.), n. = l-mBenge.

Pengeza (Phengcza), v. Hasten along, .go
hurriedly along, as when walking or
hoeing.

i-mPengu (s.p.),n. Small plant used by
witch-doctors; also = i-nTlola.

Penguka (Phenguka), v. Get turned over,
changed ; drawn out or taken away from ;
turned from one's previous agreement;
or withdrawn from evil consequences
by medicinal treatment. See pengula.

Ex. us'epengukile emaxwini aVewasho ixo-

b, he has got made to depart from the
words he said yesterday.

Pengula (Pkengula), v. Turn over, as po-
tatoes (ace.) laid out to dry, or a pot
in the baking; change, as from one kind
of dance to another (= pendula — the
word is little used in this sense); take
away from, draw out, one or a few (ace.)
among many, as an assegai from a
bundle, a beast from a herd of cattle;
withdraw from evil consequences by
treatment with medicines or charms, as
an army (ace.) going out to war, or a
herd of cattle to secure them against
ill; make a person (ace.) turn from a
previous word or agreement.

Ex. bati uba impi is'ixaicuhlangana, ba-
pengula imikonto bonke, when the forces
were about to join (in conflict), all drew
out assegais.

Pengulula (Phengulula), r. (C.N.) = pe-
ngula.

i(li)-Pengulula (Phengulula), ». Certain
tree (N).

i(li)-Pengulule (Phenyidule), n. Small veldt-
herb, used for chest complaints (N).

uPeni (s.p.),n. Three-penny piece. Cp.
u-Zuka [Eng.].

um-Penjane (Phenjane), n. 5. = um-Titi-
mbila.

Penqa (Phenqa), v. Strain the eyes (ame-
hlo) fixedly at or on a thing (with ela
and ace), stare steadfastly. Comp. qa-
nula.

Ex. mus'ukimgipenqeVamehlo, don't be
staring at me.

kns'exwa 'Into, adimd'apenqe amehlo nje,
he no longer understands anything (the sick
man when delirious), he justs stares (vacant-
ly) with the eyes.

Penqe, ukuti (Phenqe, ukuthi), v. Open
the eyes (ace.) staringly (— penqa);
also sometimes, turn up the eyes, show-
ing the whites (— ukuti peqe).

um-Penqe (Phenqe), n.5. Person with big-
staring eyes (cp. um-Pinqi); also some-
times, one with turned-up eyes showing
the whites beneath (= um-Peqe); small
tree in bush-country bearing large edible
fruit.

Phr. ukuhlakanipa ngamehlc, okwompenqe,
to look sharp and intelligent, whereas really
'oniy eyes', i.e. really dull and stupid. See
hlakanipa.

Penqeka (Phenqeka), v. Get opened star-
ingly, or turned up, as above — see
ukuti penqe.

Penqeza (Phenqeza), v. = ukuti penqe.

Penqu, ukuti (Phenqu, ukuthi), v. — pe-
nqula; penquza; penquka.

isi-Penqu (Phenqa), n. Bustling about,
busy commotion (^= isi-Kwishi); also =
isi-Pequ.

Penquka (Phenquka), v. Get turned up-
wards, as below.

Penqula (Phenqula), v. Turn up or up-
wards, as a goat it's tail (ace.), or a man
his eyes, showing the whites = pekula;
peqeza.

Penquza (Phenquza), v. Do anything in a
bustling, energetic manner, as a wife
busy at work in a kraal, or hoeing away
at a field (ace.) with spirit, or scolding
away vigorously; scratch up vigorously,
as a hen; blow about gustily, as the
wind = pekuza; kwishiza.

Penquzisa (Phenquzisa), v. Stir up, make

bustle or do with energy, as boys (ace.)

working.
Pentsuka (s.]).; s.t.),v. Get thrown out

prominently behind, as the buttocks

(used in perl'.).

PE

495

PE

Pentsula (s.]>.; 8.t.),v. Throw out the
buttocks prominently behind, either
naturally or by intention; throw out
the buttocks at a person (ela form and
ace.) i.e. be ungrateful, wilfully disre-
gardful towards one who has been a
kind friend or benefactor. Com p. lala-
sa; shikila.

i-mPentsula (s.j>.; s.t.),n. Person with
buttocks protruding conspicuously be-
hind (though not necessarily a deep-
bent back = u(lu)-Belu); ungrateful
person who puts out the buttocks at
his benefactors (com p. isi-Talasi). Cp.
i-nGqanati.

Penu, ukuti (Phenu, ukuthi), v. = penuka;
penula.

Penuka (Phenuka), v. Fall or get upset
by a mere touch, get merely 'blown'
over, as a very weak invalid, or any-
thing standing so as to be on the point
of falling over = penuluka. Cp. genuka.

Penula (Phenula), v. Make fall, upset, a
thing (ace.) as above, by a mere touch,
breath, etc. = penuluza. Cp. genula.

Penuluka (Phenuhika), v. = penuka.

Penuluza (Phenuluza), v. = penula.

Penya (Phenya), v. Open, open up, open
away any loose covering, as a blanket
(ace), thatch, or paper, so as to reveal
what is beneath; un£Oyj>r, reveal a thing
(ace.) by opening or removing the loose
covering concealing it; turn over or up,
as clothes (ace.) in a box to see what
is beneath; open out, unfold, an affair
(ace.) so as to get to its origin and de-
tails or reveal it clearly; hence, open a
book (ace.); turn over a page (ace.)
therein. Cp. ambula; pendhla.

u(lu)-Penyane (Phenyane), n. A fowl-di-
sease, causing- sores about the head, and
generally fatal = u(lu)-Qenyane.

Penye, ukuti (Phenye, ukuthi), r. Open
slightly, as a door (ace.) ; open away
or uncover slightly, as grass; raise up
slightly, as a mat or blanket so as to
see what is beneath; reveal slightly by
uncovering, as one's body; be opened
slightly, be ajar, as a door; be or get
opened away, raised up, or revealed
slightly, as before. See penya.

Pepa (Pheepha), int. Never mind! It's
nothing! I beg pardon! (— nxepe);
also, take care! Don't get hurt! the
word is used by a person soothing or
sympathisng with another who has
suddenly hurt himself or got hurt by
something else; its literal meaning is
simply 'Escape', and expresses the
desire that what has happened may

not be anything of consequence, and
as such is used on those occasion .
and with a similar thought, when the
above expressions are used in English
[Bo. pepa! rest in peace! said in the
Bondei country al the grave of m per-
son dreamt of. See i-mPepo\.
Pepa (Pheepha),v. Fly along swiftly,
a swallow, or a buck running, or,
metaphor, of a person wrho travels
quickly, getting there and back in no
time (= ukuti />i); escape from, i.e.
not get hurt l>y, keep oneself unharmed
from, by avoiding, <>r warding off, or
having the luck to come safely through,
as when escaping death (ace.) in a
sickness, or having no hones broken
in a fall, or fortunately staving off a
blow (ace.) with one's stick |Sw. epa,
avoid; Her. popa, warn].

Ex. akuseko 'tidawo lapo angapepela kotta,

there is no longer any [place when' be will
he secure, can find safety in.

i(li)-Pepa (PhephaLn. Paper; newspaper;

sheet or piece of paper [Eng].

isi-Pepa (Pheepha), h. One who
through work with quickness, Bpirit,
as a quick messenger or a woman who
works with a spirit and gets through
a large field in no time ( isUPe; i(li)-
Picipici; i(li)-Pishipishi ) ; thoroughly
clever person, as a doctor, umngoma,
or skilled craftsman; also isi-Pepa

u(lu)-Pepa (Pheepha), n. u(lu)-Pekepa ;
also u(lu)-Si.

isi-Pepane (Phephane), n. Flower of the
ub-Endhle plant, which is eaten isi-
Pepa.

Pe pe, ukuti (Phe phe, ukuthi), v. Flap,
as a flag in the wind = pepezela.

u-Pepela (Phephela), n. Bone face-scraper,

for wii>ing off sweat u(lu)-Bambo.

See isv-Kweee.
Pepelela (Phephelela), v. Escape into

against, etc.

Ex. nasi isihlahla esitig'umpeme wokupe-

pelela imvtila, here is a bush thai will be a

shelter for escaping into from the rain.
Pepeleza (Phepheleza), v. Go skimming

along with immense swiftness, as a

bicycle, hare, or swallow.

isi-Pepelezi (Phephelezi), v. A broad, Oat
thiim, as a broad u-Pepela, a broad
flat receding face, a broad flat-shaped
spoon.

i(li)-Pepesi (PhephesiJ, n. Any very lighti
thin thine, as a thin calabash, an over-
scraped skin, or thin threadbare cloth
(cp. i-nWebu) i(li)-Helesi,i(li)-Hengesi.

PE

Pepeta (Phephetha), v. Blow (sufficiently
hard to raise a dust), as the wind;
Mow off or about, as the wind a man's
hat (ace) or a leaf; clear off altogether,
as an umtakati or an epidemic a whole
family (ace); also = lumula. Comp.
tutu; vunguza, kwishiza [Her. pepa,
blow with the mouth; o-mbepo, wind;
Sw. peperusha, blow about; pepeta,
winnow; upepo, air, wind; Bo. pepo,
spirit; u-peho, wind J.

Pepeteka (Phephetheka), v. Get blown about,
as anything hung up in the wind, or
as a piece of paper about the ground.

isi-Pepeto (Phephetho), n. — isi-Lumulo.

um-Pepeto (Phephetho), u. 5. Small flower-
ing veldt-plant whose roots are used for
a cough.

isi-Pepeto-sotshani (Phephetho; s.t.), u.
Kind of flowering grass.

Pepezela (Phephezela), n. Flap about in
the wind, as a flag ( cp. bakuza ) ; blow
away at vigorously with the mouth, as
at a fire (ace.) that won't burn (comp.
oiitchi ) ; say pepa to, as to a child
(ace.) that has got hurt.

i-mPepo (Pepho), u. Small plant, bearing
a yellow everlasting-flower, and burnt
by aba-Ngoma, it giving off a fragrant
smell; hence, applied to incense = i-nTle-
ngetwa [Bo. pepo, a spirit — see pepa].

isi-Pepo (Phepho), u. Hurricane, gale, or
any unusually strong wind such as
unroofs houses or blows down trees.
Comp. isi-Vunguvungu [Sw. pepo, wind,
.2 ale; Sen. mpepo; Her. o-mbepo, wind;
otyi-vepo, storm; MZT. impewo, wind].
l'lir. kit uriika isipepo si/ca'ntloyile, a whirl-
wind arose — See isi-KwishikicisM.

Pepu, ukuti (Phephu, ukuthi), v. = pepu-
Id ; pepuka; pepuluza; pepuluka.

Pepuka (Phephuka), v. Get blown away or
taken off with the wind, as a person's
hat or piece of paper.

Pepula (Phephula), v. Blow away, blow
away with, as the wind with a man's
hat (acc.) or piece of paper; blow down,
as the wind a post; knock down by a
mere touch as a person might anything
very weakly or unsteadily standing.

Pepuluka (Phephuluka), v. Get blown out,
etc, as below.

Pepuluza (Phephuluza), v. Blow out, off,
away, or down, as the wind anything
(acc.) unfirmly fixed or standing; 'blow
down' finally, i. e. kill off, a sick ox that
cannot stand for long.

Pepuza (Phephuea),v. = pepula; pepuluza.

Peqa (Pheqa), v. Turn over or fold back

496 PE

on itself any stiff thing, as a hide or
piece of iron (acc), brought back by
force (for materials readily turning, see
peca); turn up the eyesj(acc) so as to
show the whites; cut a small sharp slit
in anything (acc), as when cutting inci-
sions in a person's skin, making a slit
at the edge of a hide for inserting the
stretching-peg, or when cutting a button-
hole in a coat (= peqeza); brush the
hair (acc.) backwards from the forehead
so as to lie down flat over the head,
as young men do (comp. pendhla).

Peqe, ukuti (Pheqe, ukuthi), v. Turn over
or fold back on itself, as anything
(acc) which when turned remains rigidly
fixed, as a hide, piece of iron or the
upper eyelid (comp. ukuti pece); turn
up the eyes (acc.) so as to show the
whites; cut a small slit or notch in a
thing (acc) with a small sharp cut, as
when slitting the skin for insertion of
medicine, or cutting small slits at the
edge of anything (comp. ukuti menqe);
bend in deeply, i. e. bend down on itself,
as a pliant but crooked stick in order
to make it straight; have the lower
back deeply bended in and consequent
protrusion of the buttocks, as some men
and women; snap, break-in two, any
brittle thing (acc), as a small stick (comp.
gqabula, qashula) = peqa, peqeza; be
or get turned or folded back, get turned
up, get slit or notched, get bent in
deeply, get snapped in two, as above
= peqezeka.

um-Peqe (Pheqe), n. 5. = isi-Pequ.

Peqeza (Pheqeza), v. = ukuti peqe.

isi-Peqeza (Pheqeza), n. Person, male or
female, with the lower back deeply bent
in, causing a consequent turning up of
the buttocks. Comp. u(lu)-Belu, i-mPe-
ntsula.

Peqezeka (Pheqezeka), v. = ukuti peqe.

Pequ, ukuti (Phequ, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
penqu.

isi-Pequ (Phequ), n. Person with eyes
naturally ' turned up ' i. e. showing the
whites below the iris = isi- Penqu.

Pequka (Phequka), v. = penquka.

Pequ la (Phequla), v. = penqula.

Pequza (Phequza), v. = jyenquza.

Peshe, ukuti (Pheshe, ukuthi) v. Get whisk-
ed away or along, as any light thing
by the wind ; skim or glide rapidly past,
so as to be scarcely seen, as a person
running past a doorway = pesheka;
whisk, or make skim along or by, as
above; go rapidly, skim along, as a very
light runner = pesheza.

PE

497

PE

A

Pesheka (Phesheka), v. = ukuti peshe.

Pesheya (Phesheya), prep. On the other
side of, beyond, any considerable divid-
ing line cut in the land, as a river,
u-douga, roadway, or valley (not used
of any elevated dividing line, as a hill
or ridge — see ngalapa-ya) followed
by kwa of the object. Comp. neno.

Ex. pesheya in Natal is often used alone
to express 'beyond the sea', in Europe
etc.; in Zululand ii may mean 'in Europe',
or beyond the Tnkela i.e. in Natal.

wafwnda pesheya, he was educated in
Europe, or America.

inJcomo sexiwelele pesheya, the cattle have
crossed over to the other side (of the river
or valley).
um-Pesheya (Phesheya), n. 5. Hair of some
Natives when having a 'reddish' tint;
hickory-king variety of mealies (= u-
Hlezane ).

Pesheza (Phesheza), v. = ukuti peshe.
Peshu, ukuti (Pheshu, ukuthi), v. = peshu-

ka; peshula.
Peshuka (Pheshuka), v. Get cocked up or

made stand erect, as below (used in

perf.) = pekuka.

Ex. u/msila wembuxi upeshukile, a goat's

tail stands cocked up.
Peshula (Pheshula), v. Cock up, make
stand firmly erect, as a goat its tail
(ace), an isi-bonleolo ant its posterior
parts, or a bull its upper lip when
sniffing the air (not used of cow's or
horse's tail which does not stand stiffly
erect) = pekuza.

isi-Peshula (Pheshula), n. Anything stand-
ing cocked up or stiffly erect, as a
goat's tail, abdomen of isi-bonkolo ant
or upper lip of bull when sniffing the
air; upper lip of a person when naturally
short and seemingly drawn up = isi-
Pekula.

i-mPeshwana (s.p.),n. = i-mPetivana.

Peta (PhethaJ, v. Put a border, hem, or brim
on anything, as a garment (ace), mat, or
basket; hence, put the finish on any-
thing (ace), as when putting the last
touches on a new hut, etc.; hem a
person (ace) in, bring him into a diffi-
culty from which he cannot extricate
himself, as by stealing the only food
supply he has left him, or by breaking
the teapot for a servant and then leaving
him to face the master [Sw. pinda hem;
Bo. pezo, end, border. Comp. peza],

Ex. kuyakupeta yena (kunoBani), he will
have the last words, strike, etc.

Pete, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s. t.), v. = peteka;
peteza.

isi-Pete (Phethe), n. Cripple, such as has
the lege or feel benl out of Bhape, ae
when the knees are benl inwards or the

feet outwards, or when the foot js club-

bed, as in the talipes* equinus form.

Peteka (s.p.; s. t; 8.k.),v. Gel bowed,
curved, or benl roundly back upon it-
self without breaking ( but not flat down
= peceka), as anything of a Bupple,
pliant nature like a fresh young Bwitch,
good steel blade, leaf of a tree, or pi(
of leather (used in perf.); be flexile,
bendable, pliant, as above — ukuti pete.

Petela (Phethela), v. Border on or at, as
a field at a certain point (loc.); gel
far as, end up at, as when journeying ;
end up, come to a close, conclude, a
law-suit with a certain decision.

Ex. seiixe lapeteta-i>i tenia na? the law-
case has now got to come to a close where,
i.e. ended with what decision.-'

i(li)-Petelo (Phethelo), n. Border, outskin

of a district or country (the sea-coast
being one i-petelo) = um-Kaiado. See
i-mPeto; um-Peto.
i-mPetempete (s.p.; s.t.),n. Thing of a
bendable, pliant nature (not readily
breaking), as a fresh switch, good
steel blade, leaf of a tree, or piece of
leather. See peteza.

Peteza (s.p.; s.t.),v. Bow, curve, or bend
roundly back upon itself ( without snap-
ping or flattening), as anything (ace)
of the nature of an i-mPetetnpete.

um-Peteza (s.p.; s.t. — sometimes um-Pe-

teza omusha), n. 5. Man with a hand-
some, supple, sleek body = um-Gembe-
lezane.

i-mPeto (Petho), n. End, or closing up,
conclusion, of an affair = i^nlshaka;
i-Nqindi; cp. i(li)-Petelo; um-Peto; peta.

Ex. iinpeto yendaba kayikexwakali, the
conclusion of the matter has not yet
heard i. e. reached our ears.

um-Peto (Phetho), it. 5. Border, hem, or
brim, as of a garment, mat, or plaited
basket. Cp. i(li)-Petelo; u-Ndi.

Petu, ukuti (Phcfhu, ukuthi), v. = petuka;
petula.

i-mPetu (Pethu),n. Maggot See pet\

isi-Petu (Phethu), v. Spring, where the
water bubbles out ( urn-Tombo)', eyes
of a person or the person himself, when
having the iris very high, so as to show
the whites beneath '( i-mPendu; comp.
i-nGxemu; yaluea); a mixed up, mud-
dled affair = isi-Ynlu.

Petuka (Pkethuka), r. Get uncovered, turn-
ed over, or removed, as a stone, etc.

83

PE

498

PI

covering something else; get uncovered,
turned up, or revealed, as the thing so
brought to light, as below. Comp. petu-
/uka; penduka.

Petu la (Phethula), v. Uncover, turn over,
or remove a thing (ace.) which covers
up something beneath it, as a lot of
rubbish, grass, blanket, stone or top-
food in a plate so as to bring to view
the insects, snake, etc., below; uncover,
turn up, open to view the insects (ace),
snake, etc., by removing the covering
which hides from view; turn up or roll
the eyes (ace); turn one (ace.) up, as
to his stomach (isisu), as a nauseating
medicine (nom.), or as the stomach
(nom.) might its owner (ace). Comp.
petulula; }>cndula.

Petuluka (s.p.; s.t.; s.k.),v. Get raised
up, turned up or aside, as below. Comp.
petuka.

Petulula (s.p.; s.t.), v. Raise up, turn up,
draw aside slightly or gently, any-
thing which covers or conceals some-
thing below, as when slightly raising
a stone or dead body to see what
is beneath it, or a folded blanket to see
its interior colours, or the outside
spathes of a mealie-cob to see how the
grain is forming = bedulula; bencula;
cp. petula.

Petu petu, ukuti (Phethu phethu, ukuthi),
v. = petuza.

Petuza (Phethuza), v. Bubble about or up
in commotion, as water from a spring
or when boiling in a pot; turn about
confusedly, as a lot of maggots, or people
in a kraal. Cp. pitiza, nyakaza.

i(li)-Petwa (Phetioa),n. (N.) = i-Neve.

i-mPetwana (Pethivana),n. dim. of i-mPe-
tit — applied to the small intestinal thread-
worm of children = u(lu)-Hlavane.

u-Pewula (s.p.), n. An old Transvaal coin,
bearing Paul Kruger's head.

Peza (Pheza), v. Leave off, cease, end, as
a noise (ace), pouring water, talking,
etc. ; leave off in regard to, let off, leave,
as a boy (ace) one is punishing or a
'log one is belabouring (not 'let go or
release '--see yeka) [Her. yesa, cease;
Bo. pezo, end — akin to jielisa].

Ex. angafakwa lowo'midi, ukufa /cube so-
kwnpexa, when he shall have been given
that medicine, the disease will leave him off,
c< ase to go any further with him.

Peza (Pheeza),v. 'Fly' along, skim along

with great velocity, as a bicycle or a

:tt runner or walker — ukuti pe, he-

rn.

isi-Pezi (Phezi), n. One of a certain section

of the um-Gumanqa regiment of Shaka.
Pezisa (Phezisa), v. Make to leave off, or
cease.

Pezolo (Phezolo), adv. Time when sleep
comes on, about bedtime (say from
eight till ten in the evening, according
as it is winter or summer). Comp. ku-
sihlwa.

Ex. bayakufika kusepezolo, they will arrive
while it is still bedtime,

Pezu (Phezu),prep. Over, above (but near
to), as a picture on the wall above a
desk or a lamp hanging over a table
(see pezulu); on, upon, as a picture
standing on a table, or a hat upon one's
head; over, overlooking, on the banks
of, as a kraal built just above a river;
over and above, despite, in spite of -
followed by kwa of object in all cases
[Skr. upari, above; Gr. epi, on; Her.
pu, on ; Sw. juu, on ; Ga. rjulu, on ; Ha.
bissa, on — see pezulu}.

Ex. upexu kicake lo, he is above ( taller
than) this one (boy).

yibeke pezu kwetafula, place it upon the
table.

woluhloma pezu kwomnyango kwa/co, you
shall stick it in above the door in your hut.

napezu kicako loko, wadhlula wakwenza,
and in spite of that, he went on and did it.

pezu kwoba, or k/vokuba, notwithstanding
that, even though, despite that, over and
above that.

Pezulu (Phezulu), prep. Up above, high
up (in comparison with pezu), high
above, as a cat up in a tree, a flag on a
flagstaff (followed by locative of thing),
or as a cloud moving high above the
earth (followed by kwa of object) [Skr.
sura, sublime ; Gr. epi, on ; Her. pu, on ;
MZT. ko-julu, above; Sw. juu, above;
Ga. gulu, above; Mo. va-zulu, above -
comp. pezu; i(li)-Zulu\.

Ex. nantsi-ya pezulu emutini, there it is
(the monkey) up in the tree.

bayipanyeka pezulu otini, they hung it
(the flag) high on a stick.

inkungu yona iyahamba pezu kwomhlaba,
kodwa a/mafu ayahamba pezulu, a mist tra-
vels just-above, or on, the earth, but the
clouds move high up above.

Phr. Jconje ng'ubani oyakupelela pezulu,
who is it I wonder who is going to end his
existence above ground? = and did he think
he was going to live for ever, and not go
down into the grave?

um-Pezulu (Phezulu), n. 5. Sky, heavens;
lightning (probably a hlonipa word ori-
ginally in Zululand) = i(li)-Zulu.

Pi (Phi), adv. of interrog. Where? in what

PI

499

place? in which direction? — gen. joined
on to the verh as its final syllable
(comp. lapo); used in conjunction with
a pronoun to express 'which', 'which
one', 'what' [Lat. ubi, where; Ar. fen;
Her. Ka. pi; MZT. li; Chw. fi; Sw. tva-
pi; Ev. fie].

Ex. epi na? where? sometimes, which?

uslw-pi? where do you say?

imge.ic wakufwmanisa impi napi, you will
never get to come across it anywhere ( lit.
and where and where).

ngiy'azi, y'ini, mina, okqna ayahukwenxa,
uina y'ikupi? do I then know what he will
do, whether it is the which, or what.'

po! ueabangela-pi wena? well

towards
where or

which direction do you think, i. c.
what is your opinion?

asixwa noba us'ukulztmela-pi, we don't
understand where or what you are now
speaking for i. e. driving at.

kahwaxi ,bani ukuti kuyakuti kupi kube-pi,
amaBwiu uexinipi xawo lawo, nobody knows
which will turn out to be which ( i. e. what
the end will be), with these Boers and their
wars.
PV, ukuti (Phi, uknthi),v. = ukuti swi.
i-mPi (s.p.),n. Army, i.e. fighting force
of the tribe collected for action; whole
of any particular fighting excursion un-
dertaken by that force, i. e. war ; any
particular engagement in that war, i. e.
battle; foe, adversary, hostile person;
enemy (collectively), hostile people or
force; used to express surprise or ad-
miration at the largeness of a company
or body of people [Sw. vita, war; Her.
oma-vita, army].

Ex. uy'impi ka'Cetshivayo lotco'muntu,
that person is (of) Cetshwayo's army, i.e.
his fighting-man.

uy'impi ku'Cets/ncayo lotco'muiilu, that
person is an enemy to Cetshwayo.

impi yomndeni, a family war.

impi ebomvu, a thorough fight or war,
pursued to the extreme end (as a war of
extermination).

Phr. sahlanyana nempi is'aluka, we met
an army on the war-path (and were thus in
imminent danger ourselves) — used to ex-
press any misfortune, annoyance that sud-
denly or unexpectedly befalls one in ill"
course of the day. See ahtka.

impi yakwa' Mabonabulawe, il i> the war
of See-and-be-killed, = it is an affair of
killing one auother on sight, of deadly en-
mity.
ubu-mPi (s.p.J, n- See ubu-Mpi.
Fi'bi, ukuti (I'/iihi, ukuthi), ik - ukuti pihli.
Pibika (Pkibika), <". pihlika.
Pibiza (Piiibiza), v. = pihliza.

Pica (f'/iico), v. Wattle, build by an inter-
weaving of twigs, as a hut (ace.) with
wattles (ngezinttmgo />i>"/", hida);
catch or trap a person (arc.) by acting
craftily; trick one face.), lead him wrong,
get him into a difficulty, as any work
(nom.) in which one has gone wrong
(comp. pamba).

Ex. ungipicUe lo'msebenxi, this j"l> baa

taken me in — I have gone all wrong.

i-mPica (s.p.),n. African civet {Viverrti
civetta) (N).

Piceka (Phiceka), v. (let caught or trap-
ped; or tricked, led wrong, or into
difficulties, as above.

Ptci, ukuti (Phici, ukuthi), v. Squash along,
crush with a silding, slippery move-
ment, as a piece of apple (ace), insert,
etc., on the pavement, or between the
fingers (comp. ukuti pihli) ; slip or slide
along or off, as one's foot (nom.) on
any soft slimy thing, as a stone in a
river, or piece of orange-peel on the
floor; slip or slide out, as any slimy
thing, like a dumbi, the glans penis,
etc., from its covering; slip or slide off,
as any slimy covering, like that of a
dumbi or the skin of one's foot, from
what it contains; plait grass (ace) or
an eating-mat, by a twist of the fingers
as though crushing an insect; talk or
act in a dodging, crafty, slippery man-
ner, go dodging or supping about, so
as never to be caught, never commit
oneself, never be clearly understood < see
i(li)-Picipici ; pindhla); get off in no
time, slip along with rapidly, as a wo-
man quickly getting through any work
(ace. = ukuti pici pici, gvrilikica ) =
piciza; get squashed or crushed, as
above; get slipped or slid along, or off,
or out, as above; have the skin off, be
all slimily raw, as a person's body when
covered 'with open sores; get plaited,
as a grass-armlet or eating-mat, as above
— picika.

Picika (Phicika), v. = ukuti pici; comp.
pihlika.

i(li)-Picipici (Phieiphici), u. Crafty, dodg-
ing, slippery doer or talker, who \.<
or nets in all manner of ways but -" as
never to he caught or thoroughly und t-
stood (see ukuti pici, piciza; cp. Uli)-
Gwilikid); quick worker, one who slips
along with his work ami gets it finished
in no tim.' ( isirPepa, ui-Pishipishi).

Pici pVci, ukuti (Phici phici, ukuthi), V.
Talk or act in a crafty, dodginc about

way, first here then there ( ukuti /»/'-

likici), or in a quick, energetic manner
i ptshaza ). as above.

32*

PI

Picipiciza (Phiciphiciza), v. == ukuti pici
pici; cp. k&u££ pindhla pindhla.

Piciza (Phidza), v. = ukuti pici.

u(lu)-Pico (Phieo),n. Wattle-work i.e. a
hut, fence, ete., built of intertwined sticks;
stick or sticks generally (collect.) used
for such work = i(li)-Pingo.

um-Pihlana (Phihlana), n. 5. Person with
sore eyes, running and mattery — only
used as term of abuse; person with
broken-up, ugly face, as though about
to cry i as some scrofulous men).

PVhii, ukuti (Phihli, ukuthi),v. Smash into
scattering fragments, as a sod (ace.) or
earthen vessel when throwing it down
on the ground (= dubuza); crush into
scattered bits, as anything soft, like a
potato (ace), by flat pressure (comp.
ukuti pici); pour out or upon in a
heavy scattering, as when throwing a
bucket of water (ace. or with nga) over
someone (ace), or when shedding plen-
tiful tears = pihliza; pihlikeza; pibiza;
get smashed in scattered fragments, as
an earthen pot; get crushed into scat-
tered particles, as a potato; get poured
or thrown out in scattered abundance,
as rain coming down in a heavy pour,
tears flowing plentifully, or food when
abounding in the fields or at a feast =
pihlika; pihlikezeka; pibika.

isi-Pihli (Phihli), n. Heavy downpour of
rain, whether from a passing storm or
continuous land-rain ; abundance of
crops, or food at a feast ; unpleasant af-
fair that has got known 'all over the
place'.

Pihlika (Phihlika), v. = ukuti pihli; pi-
bika.

Pihlikeza (Phihlikeza), v. = pihliza.

Pihlikezeka (Phildikezeka), v. = pihlika.

Pihliza (Phihliza), v. = ukuti pihli; pibiza.

Pika (Phika), v. Enter into strife, or de-
bate, with a person ( with na ) concern-
ing something (with nga), dispute, con-
tend with, quibble over; deny, contradict,
as a statement (ace); blindly throw one-
self into anything, as a work (with nga
and infinitive), simply do, without under-
standing or preconsideration; persist in
obstinately (often used with inkani fol-
lowed by nga) [Sw. pig ana, contend;
pig a, strike; Her. poka, forsake].

Ex. angiyikupilca na/ye, uyakudimd'apo-
qtce nje, I am not going to quibble with
him, he will .-imply be made (to do it).

ngipika ngokwenxa; angikuqondi, I merely
set to and do, I don't understand it.

Phr. uku-jrik'inkanif to raise obstinate cou-

500 PI

tentiou, pig-headed objection, contentious ri-
valry.

upike ngokuti uy'inkosi, he takes his staud
on the imagination that he is a great per-
sonage.

ngakipa isito/e, ngakunika; pika.' I pro-
duced a heifer and gave you it; deny it, if
you can !

u pike, wabuquza ngesilevu pautsi, he has
denied it, sweeping the dust with his beard.

upike, wahlala ngexinqe or ngegonondo, he
has contradicted it, sitting (flat) on his
buttocks, or on his rump. See kuhleka, qe-
tuka, i-nTaba.

sahamba, sipike nelanga, we went along,
contending with the sun — i. e. from its rise
to setting we have kept up a constant march
or race with it, all day long.

i (I i)- Pi kaf Phika), n. Hard hurried breath-
ing, as after running or ascending a
hill ; short breath, as of a consumptive
person; broken-windedness, as of a
horse; long-drawn breath or sigh, as
of relief after removal of danger (used
with uku-hlaba). See pikazela.

Ex. senginepika, knele ngigijima, I am
now out of breath, I have just been running.

unepika, kakwaxi ukudoutsa intaba, he is
broken-winded, he is unable to pull up a hill.

Phr. uku-hlaba ipika, to take a breath =
ukuti kefu.

isi-Pika (Phika), n. Person with very
broad shoulders and small waist; hence,
cape, as of a coat; plur. izi-Pika, mus-
cular strength, strength of arm, as to
raise a heavy weight (used with na =
isi-Dhladhla).

i(li)-Pikanini (s.p.; s.k.), n. Baby; tiny
thing [not Z. — though used all over
South-Africa up to Zambesi, but only
when speaking with Whitemen; prob.
from some Portuguese word].

i(li)-Pikankani (Phikankani), n. Common
designation for any daring, courageous,
or headstrong doer; one of those always
in the front, most eager for the fray;
young person whose beauty is not so
decided as to be undisputed, who is
therefore a source of contention among
the girls, or vice versa.

N.B. A pretty Native girls' round runs
as follows: — 1st. choir. Amapikankan' enkosi
(the contested beauties of the king)!; 2nd.
chr. Eshee! eshecf (oh my!; oh, my!); 1st.
chr. Zimnya/ma zonke zenkosi (they are dark,
all of the king's young men)! 2nd. chr.
Eshee. ' eshee (oil, my! oh, my!); 1st. chr.
Zimnyama ehlanxeni (they are black down
in the bush-veldt)! 2nd. chr. Eshecf eshee
(oh, my! oh, my!) — and so on over and
over again.

X

PI 501

Pikaza (Phikaza), v. Assert confidently;
do confidently (C.N.).

Pikazela (Phikaeela), v. Pant or breath
Hard, be out of breath, as after running
or exertion; hence, go 'panting' along,
i. e. in an anxious hurry, as when
anxious about some possibility of
danger ahead.

isi-Pike (Phike), n. Persistency, steady
continuation of action, perseverance;
pig-headedness, obstinacy; such a per-
sistent, persevering person ; or one

obstinately pigheaded. Sec Plka.

Ex. bafike ngesipike, they come persistent-
ly, with steady continuousness, ;is to buy :it

a store.

Pikela (Phikela), v. Take up the dispute
for or on behalf of, i. e. defend, stand
up for a person (ace); hence, when
used of a judge of a ease, equivalent to
'decide for', 'give the suit to', 'acquit'.

Ex. inkosi impikele, the chief has sided
with him ( verbally ) /'. e. has decided for him.

Pikelela (Phikelela), v. Obstinatel}" persist
in, as a child in its naughtiness, or a
pigheaded individual ; do with deter-
mined perseverance, as any undertaking
accompanied with many difficulties.

Ex. uyapikelela, Wexwa, he is doing it from
sheer pigheaded obstinacy, he will not hear
/. e. obey.
isi-Pikeleli (Phikeleli), n. Natal Kingfisher
(Ispidina Natalensis) = i(li)-Ngango-
nifula; cp. isi-Vuba; also = isi-Peke.

i-mPikele!wana (s.p.; s. k.), n. Thing of
common, regular occurrence, as the
routine duties, worries, etc., of daily
life (often with yamalanga).

isi-Pikeleni (Phikeleni), n. — isi-Pikeleli.

Piki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s. k.), v. = pikiza.

isi-Pikili (s.p.; s.k.),n. Nail, of any kind;
one of a certain section of the um-Xapo
regiment [D. spyker, nail].

Pikisa (Phikisa), v. Dispute, as a person
might a doubtful statement (ace.) made
by another, i.e. enter into debate or
contention about it, not concede its truth
off hand; hence often used in place of
Eng. 'contradict', 'repudiate', etc.

Ex. qa! ngiyapikisa leWgamu, no! I dis-
pute that assertion i.e. I contradict it.

Pikisana (Pliikisana), v. Cause one another
to enter into strife, rivalry, dispute, etc.;
hence, argue, dispute, as two persons
about any matter (with nga); contest
with, enter into a trial of strength, skill,
speed, etc., with, as boys racing, men
wrestling or in any way vicing with
one another.

t<> dispute or
obstinate con-

Btumpy,

PI

Ex. uku-pikisana inkani
vie with one another with
tentiousneM.
um-Pikisano (Phikisano), "■ ■'•■ Name some-
times applied to any medicine used by
a woman to aid her in her rivalry with
other wives.

Pikiza (s.p.; a.k.), v. Wriggle rapidly

about, as a goat's tail or that of a cow
when cut short.

isi-Pikiza (s.p.; 8.k.),n. Short,
'wriggling' thing, a- above.

i(li), or u(lu)-Piko (Phiko), //. Wing, of
any bird; fringe or edge of a passing
rain-cloud; the small shower of rain
that falls from it (comp. isi-Hlambi,
for cloud passing full over head);
treme Hank of an army (comp. u(lu)-
Pondo); and in phr. below [Sw. pig a,
tiap as wings].

Ex. kalinanga, kufike upiko Itcefu, or hce-
mvida nje, it didn't rain, there cam.- jus!
the fringe of a cloud, or of ruin.

Phr. impika amapiko, he denied absolutely
= wapika nokupika.

Pila (Phila),v. Live in, or enjoy, good
health (used in pert'.); recover one's
good health, get well, as alter being
sick (comp. sinda, puluka, lulama);
change colour, of any thing and in any
way, as fruit in ripening, coat from

wear, or one's face from

anger.

Ex. usapilile na? are you -till well, enjoy-
ing good health '.'

seioapUa, he has already trot well, recoi
his health.

/■, indoni kaxikapili ickuba bomvu, or mnya-
ma, the waterboem berries have Dot yet
turned red or black ( in ripening I.

i-mPila (s.p.), n. Veldt herb {Callilepsis
laureola), whose red-sapped roots are

used medicinally as a tonic for young
girls at the earlier periods of menstru-
ation.

i(li)-Piliba (Philiba), n. i(li)-Gwi

Pilikica (Philikica), v. ukuti j>i/ikiri ,•

ukuti bilikici; ukuti givilikici.

Pilikiceka (Philikiceka), v. ukuti piliki-
ci.

Pilikici, ukuti (Philikici, ukuthi), v. Make
slip (i.e. throw, tiing, etc) from the
hand with a soft bopping -lush, as a
man might a slimy fish (ace.), eel, or
wet skin when Hinging it ( pilikica);
make get slipped from one's hold, aa a
man does when the promise or agree-
ment he has made with one to-day, he
disputes or disowns to-morrow, so mak-
ing it gel lost to the -rasp ( pili-
kica; also gunlikica); come slipping

P! 502

down with a soft flopping slush, as a
slimy fish, eel, or wet skin when flung
(= pilikiceka ).
i(li)-Pilikici (Philikici), n. = i(li)-Picipici.

Pilisela (Philisela), v. Prevent one (ace.)
from sleeping or obtaining sleep, as a
sick person requiring continual atten-
tion, or dogs incessantly barking.

Ex. kuxe kuse engipilisele ubutonyo, right
till dawn he has kept me from sleep.

i-mPilo (s.p.), a. Health (M),

i(li)-Pimbo (Phimbho), n. Voice {i.e. the
particular variety of sound produced
by any person's throat), as of a singer,
or that by which we may distinguish a
particular speaker among a crowd.
Comp. i(li)-Zwi.

um-Pimbo (Phimbho), n. 5. Larynx, inter-
nal throat (not the external neck below
the chin )— supposed to be the seat of
the mental faculties and emotions ; hence,
the heart, in all its metaphorical signi-
fications = i-nTliziyo, um-Xiuele.

Ex. kwasho umpimbo, my heart told me
(to do so) i.e. I was prompted from with-
in.
\(}])-P\mbo\o (Phimbholo), n. Sharp, pointed,
projecting crookedness, a 'poky' twist
or bend, as in a wattle where a side-
branch has been growing, and which
shows as a projecting crookedness in a
wattle-fence, or as a sharp in-bend and
then back on itself, as of a river or
road, or bandy-legs with a poky twist
to the front. Comp. i-nGoni, i-nTsonge.

Ex. xiinbi lexi'xintungo toko, xing'ama-
pimbolo tije, these wattles of yours are bad,
they are all just poky bends.

Pimisa (Phimisa), v. = pumisa.

Pimisela (Phimisela), v. = pumisela.

i(li)-Pimpi (1'himpi), n. Species of cobra
or naja, of a dusty-brown colour and
about two feet long, found in stony
places — u-X(j]>empetwayo ; cp. i-mFezi.

i-mPimpiliza (s. p.), n. — see i-Mpimpiliza.

i-mPimpilizane (s.p.), n. — see i-Mpirnpili-
zane.

isi-Pimpiyana (Phimpiyana), n. An abnor-
mally short thing, as a very short isi-
dwuba, i(ii)beshu, or mealie-cob. See
pimp iyel a ; um-Nqini.

Pimpiyela (1'himpiyela), >'. Put on a short
stunted thing, as a ntealie-plant very
small cobs, or a woman wearing an un-
usually short isidwaba.

Pinda (Phinda), v. Repeat, do again a
thing (ace. = engeza); double, make
double; mount a cow (ace.) in calf, or

PI

already covered — often used adverbially
to express 'again', as below (= buy a)
[Sw. pinda, double up].

Ex. wapinda wafika emva kwaloko, he
came again after that.

iingabe usalipinda, don't repeat it (the
window) — as when painting it.

Phr. angipindanga njalo, ngahamba! never!
never! will I go! — expressing absolute re-
fusal.

pind'avume /or pinde avwrne-)! catch him
agreeing! he will never agree ( N ).

nJac-pind'inya /'or pinda inyu j, to repeat
a cruel thing again i. e. to take revenge on
one (ace. or with ku), spite him out, for
having shown some previous hostility, or ill-
feeling = pindisela. See i(li)-Nya.

Pindela (Phindela), v. Return again, go
back again.

Ex. wapindela bona, he went back there

wapindela ngendldela yoke, he returned by
the path he came by.

Pindhla, or Pindhla pindhla, ukuti (Phl-
ndhla, ukuthi), v. Dodge about in all
directions, move rapidly and suddenly
from side to side, as a snake dodging
about in the grass, a man when striving
to get away from those who seek to
prevent him from fighting with another,
or as the cane or hand of a master
whipping a boy in all directions over
the body = pindhla, pindhlaza; comp.
ukuti pici pici.

Pindhla, or PTndhlapindhla (Phindhla),v.
Dodge about in all directions, on all
sides, as above; whip or pitch into a
person (ace.) right and left all over the
body with a switch or shambok = ukuti
pindhla; comp. picipiciza.

u(lu)-PVndhlapindhla (Pliindhlaphindhla),
n. Wriggling, dodging thing — common
expression for a snake; also, tall, lank-
bodied person.

Pindhlaza ( Phindhlaza), v. = pindhla, uku-
ti pindhla.

Pindisa (Phindisa), v. Take revenge on,
spite out, as one might a person (ace,
with ku, or ace. and ela form ) who has
done him some ill. See i(li)-Ny a.

i-mPindisa or Pindiso (s.p.),n. Certain
climbing plant, whose roots are mixed
with u-jiba and taken as a tonic by a
girl at her first menstruation = i-nTwa-
lalubombo; cp. i-?iTambiso; i-mPila.

Pinga (P}iinga),v. Have unlawful sexual
intercourse with one of the opposite
sex (ace. or with na ) — used of males
and females, whether children, unmarried
adults, or married people (excepting, of

PI

Course, the according to Native custom
lawful or connived at uku-hlobonga be-
tween young people already betrothed ),
or as a bull or bullock with a cow already

covered; cover or copulate with, as one
dog another (ace. see hrlxi); wattle or
make by the intertwining of wattles, as
a hut (aec. = pica); interweave or in-
tertwine, as such wattles (aec. — pica).
Cp. /'chit [Ho. zhnja, commit adultery;
Gan. ping a, female; Kwe. m-pinga, wo-
man].

i(li)-Pingantloya (Phingantloya), n. Wild

asparagus a long-stemmed thorny
plant common in the hush and having
soft edible stems and moss-like foliage
-often used by Europeans for Christ-
mas decoration, also worn stuck in the
head by a Native who has killed a man,
as in war-time = i(li)-Pungantlola.

Pingela (Phingela), v. Lay the fault on

(nga) (C.N.).
i(li)-Pingelo (Phingelo), n. = u(/u)-Pico.
i(li)-Pingo (Pliingo), n. = u(lu)-Pico.

um-Pingo (Phingo), n.5. Small iron blade,
as large as one's thumb-nail, which,
smeared with poison and loosely insert-
ed into a temporary haft, used to be
used for hunting elephants — - the iron
point remaining embedded in the flesh
and the haft falling off. A single poison-
ed javelin of this kind sufficed to kill
an elephant in about six hours. Exact-
ly the same method is used in Galla-
land (N).

u(lu)-Pingo (Phingo), n. Adultery (M).

Pingqilika (Phihgqilika), v. = piqilika.

i(li)-Pini (Phini), n. Stick cut broad at the
end, for stirring mashy foods, porridge,
etc.; hence, oar of boat.

um-Pini (Phini), n.5. Haft or handle, as
of a pick, or axe [Her. omu-jrine, haft;
Sw. m-pini; MZT. mu-pini; Ga. mwini;
Bo. mhini; Chw. mo-Hng],

i-mPininiza (s.p.), n. = i-Mpimpilizane.

Pinqa (Phlnqa), v. Protrude or thrust out
the eyes (amehlo), as a person with
very large eyeballs, or one staring hard.
Comp. penqa; pinqiza.

Ex. wangipinqda amehlo, he stared at me
so thai his eyes almost rolled out.

um-Pinqamehlo (Phinqamehlo), n. 5. =
um-Phinqi.

PVnqi, ukuti (I'htnqi, nkuthi),v. Shoot out,
burst out, as any smooth slippery body
from its cover, as an in-dhlubu nut
(nnm.) when the shell is pressed be-
tween the fingers, or an i-dumbi from
its skin when pressed in the same way,

503 pi

Or the matter from an abscess when
squeezed pinqika; protrude, as tie-
eyes of a person when very la pi-
nqizeka; make shool or bursl out,
an in-dhlubu nut or i-dumbi (ace) when
pressing its shell or skin between the
ringers pinqila; thrusl out, make
protrude, as a person bis eyes pinqi-
za.

i(li)-Pinqi (Phinqi mostly used in plur.^.
n. Large, protruding eye-ball UrnPt-
nqi; ist-Hurruza.

i-mPinqi (s.j,.),n. — i(li)-Pinqi, um-Pinqi.

um-Pinqi (Phinqi), n.5. Person with lai e
protruding eyes (ngamehlo) um-Pi-
nqamehlo.

Pinqika (Phinqika), <'■ Shoot or burst out
{iutrans.) = ukuti jtiu<ji.

Pinqila (Phinqila), v. .Make shoot or bur t
out = ukuti pinqi.

Pinqilika (Phinqilika), v. piqilika.

Pinqiza (Phinqiza), v. Thrust out, make
protrude, as the eyes (aec.) = ukuti pi-
nqi.

Pinya, ukuti (Phinya, ukuthi), v. Twisl

or wrench, as a person's arm (are.), or
a branch of a tree to get it off; twist,
dislocate, put out of joint by twisting
= ukuti binyi, ukuti pinyi.

Pinya pinya, ukuti (Phinya phinya, uku-
thi), v. Eat voraciously off in no time,

as a greedy cater a large lump of meat
(ace.).

isi-PTnyapinya (PKinyaphinya), n. Greedy
voracious eater, never getting satisfied.

Pinyaza (Phinyaza), v. = ukuti pinya, bu
nyiza.

Pmyi, or Pinyi p'i'nyi, ukuti (Phinyi, ukuthi),
v. Polish off in no time, as fond, work,
etc. = ukuti pishi /tislti ; ukuti pinya.

i(li)-Pi'nyipinyi (PKinyiphinyi), n. Quick,
sharp doer or worker who finishes off
what he has in hand in no time /(//')■
Pishipishi.

Pinyipinyiza (Phinyiphinyiza), v. ukuti
pinyi pinyi.

isi-Pinzi (Phinzi), n. isi-Punzi.

Pipa (Phipha), v. Wipe away the ordure
(aee.) from the bottom of a child (ace.)
after stool; cleanse a woman (ace) after
childbirth; clear off the scraps or Bcrap-
ings of food (ace.) left by others, a> a
greedy child.

um-Pipambi (Phiphambhi), n. 1. One to
whom falls the dirty work in a kraal,
as the chief wife, eldest son, etc, wli

duty it is to care for the burial of the
deail; a Bcapegoat, to whose fault every-

PI 504

thing that goes wrong is attributed, lit.
one who wipes away the dirt of others.

Pipiyela (s.p.),v. Hint at, make concealed
remarks or insinuations about or to a
person (ace.) = gudhla.

isi-Pipo (Phipho), )i. Certain small veldt-
plant with broad soft downy leaves,
used for uku-pipa; any plant used for
that purpose.

Piqe, ukuti (Phlqe, ukuthi), v. Sink back
or deep down into, penetrate far into,
get drawn back into, as a snail into its
shell, snake into its hole, buck drawing-
back out of sight into a bush, or stake
penetrating deep down into the soil =
piqeka; piqeleka, ukuti twa; make sink
back or deep down into, make penetrate
or get drawn back deeply into, as above
= piqela; piqelekisa.

Piqeka (Phiqeka),v. == ukuti piqe.

Piqela (Phiqela), v. = ukuti piqe.

Piqeleka (Phiqeleka), v. = ukuti piqe.

Piqelekisa (Phiqelekisa), v. — ukuti piqe.

Piqi, ukuti (Phiqi, ukuthi), v. Shoot or
burst forth, as any smooth-surfaced, slip-
pery body from its cover when pressed ;
make so shoot or burst forth = ukuti
pinqi.

Ex. tfimi engamxala piqi, it is I who bore
him, shooting him forth (from the womb)
— said by the actual mother as distinguished
from that large circle of relations who go
by the name of u-mame (mother).

Piqika (Phiqika), v. = pinqika.
izi-Piqika (Phiqika), n. Thick jet of matter

or slough squeezed from an abscess;

scrofulous matter running from the nose

or ears of children.

Piqi la (Phiqila), v. = pinqila.

Piqilika (Phiqilika), v. Twist the body in
easy graceful movements, as a youth
or girl dancing nicely the um-Gcagco.

Pisa (Phisa), v. Make or brew beer (ace.)
- used of the whole work connected
therewith; begin, start, as any work
(ace), as when commencing to build a
hut (ace), a season's ploughing, or
removal of a kraal; press (with moral
pressure), urge, impel*as a father might
his daughter (ace.) to get married, a
child its mother (ace.) to buy something,
or as anger might impel a man (ace.)
to say something unpleasant.

Ex. sesipise igeja, or amasiinu, we have
already started with the hoe, or with the
fields, i.e. have commenced ploughing.

kuqale kupise imisi (yokusa), kube seku-
pisa ilanga, first of all starts the twilight
(of dawn), then starts the sun.

PI

uyapinwa na? are you pressed (by any
necessity of nature, as by urine — ng'um-
shobingo, or by fceces — ng'amasimba )
= do you wish to go out ?

isi-Pisana (Phisana), n. Smaller species
of hyoena. See i-mPisi.

Piseka (Phiseka), v. Get concerned in
regard to, have concern or great care
for, as for a child confided to one's
care, or a new dress (with ela form
and ace.) = naka, nakekela.

Ex. ngipisekile y'ile'ngane, or ngiyipiseke-
le le'ngane, I have great care or concern
for this child.

isi-Pisekeleni (Phisekeleni), n. One who
cares for or concerns himself about
nobody and nothing, going his own
wayward, indifferent course.

isi-Pisekeli (Phisekeli), n. Thoughtful, re-
gardful person, full of care and concern
for what is entrusted to him.

Pisela (Phisela), v. Fix or stick in, as
an assegai-blade (ace.) in its haft, a
broom-handle in the broom, or a Na-
tive hoe-iron into its handle; push on
forcibly or persistently, as with talk or
argument in spite of remonstrance (=

/ hlentleteka).

Phr. uyapisela errolweni, he is sticking (an
assegai) into an irrolo haft — applied to
one who persists obstinately in his own
course or assertions contrary to the
advice of others. See i-mPisi; hlentleteka.

i-mPiselo (s.p.), n. An um-Zaca sharply
pointed at one end. Cp. i(li)-Pemula.

isi-Piselo (Phiselo), n. Native piercing-iron.

Pisha (Phisha), v. Break wind silently,
make a smell (= kwisha); cause irk-
someness, aversion, feeling of dis-
gust, as monotonous work, or the same
food incessantly (— dina); make a
clean end of, finish off = shipa.

um-Pishamanzi (Phishamanzi), n. 5. Long-
tailed Cormorant (Phdlaerocorax Afri-
canus ).

Pishaza (Phishaza), v. = pisha.

Pisheka (Phisheka), v. Be overcome with
irksomeness, aversion, feeling of disgust
as above (used in perf. — see pisha) =
shipeka.

Pishelekela (Phishelekela), v. Just thrust
oneself into, as when entering a hut by
force, uninvited, or without preliminary
etiquette = tikuti pisheleki.

Pishileki, ukuti (Phisheleki, ukuthi), v. =
phishelekela.

Pishi, or PVshi pVshi, ukuti (P/iishi, uku-
thi), v. — ukuti pinyi.

PI 505

Pishika (Phhhika), v. Get polished off in
no time, as work or food.

u(lu)-Pishilili (Phishilili), n. Ox with tall
upright horns slanting backwards at the
points; person with tall head slanting
off backwards. Cp. isi-Gele, i(li)-Gele-
geqe.

i(li)-Pishipishi (Phtshiphishi), n. = i(li)-
Pinyipinyi.

Pishiza (Phishiza), v. = ukuti pis hi pishi.

i(li)-Pisi ( Phis hi), n. Professional hunter
of large game.

i-mPisi (s. p.), n. Spotted or Laughing
Hyoena (Hy.crocuta) (= isi-Owili, /(H)-
Delabutongo; oomp. isi-Pisana); horri-
bly ugly person, male or female; moth,
from their habit of appearing about
the evening time (see u(lu)-Vemvane,
i(li)-Bu); woollen blanket or rug of a
plain grey-brown colour (T); advanced
stage of the diarrhoea or cholera of in-
fants (= isi-Kobe) [Ga. mpisi, hycena;
Sw. fist; Go. visi; Kag. vishi; Heh.
ififi].

Ex. ngayikanda impisi ha? Sibanibani, I
came across the ugly creature (son or
daughter) of So-and-so.

Phr. uku-yisa empisini, to persist obstin-
ately, utterly regardless of consequences, at
all risks, as a desperate or foolhardy person.
See pisela.

i-mPisi-kayihlangulwa (s.p.;s. k.),n. Certain
tree, whose bark is used for u-Jovela.

i-mPisintshange (s.p.; s.L), n. = i-mPisi-
ntshwanka; also (C. N.) = u-Ncukubili.

i-mPisintshwanka (s.p.; s. t.; s. k.), n. Ra-
venous eater, devouring everything;
person with ugly face or body
rally.

u(lu)-Piso
with a

PO

isi-Pitipiti (Phithiphithi), ,,.
confusion of a urge number

gener-

(Phiso),n. Large beer i-mBiza,
small rimmed mouth like an
isi-Cumu basket.

i(li)-Piti (Phithi),n. Very small kind of
buck, the Blue-buck (Cephalophus mon-
ticola), living in the bush = i-mPiti.

i-mPiti (Pithi),n. Fashion of dressing the
hair among young-men and girls, by
first cutting it short and then revolving
the flat-pressed palm upon it, rolling
it into little untidy tufts, which are
afterward in this twisted way allowed
to grow long (with shaya). Cp. n(lu)-
Poto; also = i(li)-Piti.

Pitikeza (Phithikeza), v. Mix up together,
as mealies and Kafir-corn, flour and
water, etc. = xuba.

Pitiliza (s.p.; s. t.), v. = bidiliza.

i-mP'itimpiti (P%thimpithi),~n. 3. = isi-Piti-
piti.

Commotion,
<>f thin
moving disorderly about, as people in
a kraal or market place; muddled, eon-
fused affair isirNyakanyaka, i-nlsipu-
ntsipu.

Pitiza (Phithiza), r. Move about in a
confused, disorderly manner, a- a |aj

number of people in a kraal or market
place petuza, nyakaza, sipuza.
Pitizisa (Phithizisa),v. Make move about
in confusion, make a commotion,
among a lot of people (ace.); muddle,
confuse, as a person (ace.) or affair by a
lot of contradictory, incoherenl talk (cp.
pazamisa, didakalisa, sanganisa i.

PVtshi ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; ■•>■•/.>, >'. ukuti

pihli.
Pitshika (s.p';s.t.; s.k.), v. = pihlika.
Pitshiza (s.p.; s.t.),v. pihliza.

Piva (Phiva),v. Eat a masi (mostly used
by women); (C.N.) be red, inflamed,

as a boil, etc. [Sw. peine, ripe].

i(li)-Piva (Phiva),n. Water-buck.

isi-Piwo (Phiwo), n. Gift i.e. thing receiv-
ed as such. See isi-Po (M).

PVxi pVxi ukuti (Phtxi pMxi, ukuthi). v.
Slip about in a sharp dodging confusing
manner, as a snake in the grass, lizards
chasing each other, or a man talking
craftily = ukuti pici pici.

i(li)-P'ixipixi (Phixiphixi), n. i(li)-Picipiei.

Pixiza (Phixiza),v. = ukuti pixi pixi.

um-Pixongo (Phixongo), n. 5. Ox with
horns directed straight upwards i-

mBoxela, um-Bosho.

isi-Piyapiya (Phlyaphiya), n. Wild, violent
person, as a furious madman.

Ex. wavuka isipiyapiya, he got to be au
isi-piyapiya, i.e. he got madly wild, so that
none could approach him ot hold him.

Piyaza (Phiyaza), v. Act in a madly vio-
lent, wild, furious way, as above.

P6 (Phb), int. Well then, then, well but,
what then (used in remonstrating or
strong questioning i.

Ex. po! us'uti-ni manje? well then, what
are you now talking about?

angishongo y'ini po, ukuba angahambi?
didn't I then tell him not to

ukuti (Pho, ukuthi). v. Dron down
die instantly, suddenly, on the spot,
as a man Or animal when shot in a vital
pan, or ( by comparison ) as a person
who has died" unexpectedly or suddenly;
make drop down, bring down on the
spot, as a man a buck (aCC.) by a Single

effective blow or stab; give a person

P6,

or

PO

506

PO

(ace.) a knock on the head with a knob-
kerry = ukuti pobo, ukuti jtva, ukuti
zazalazi, ukuti :u, ukuti zuhulundi.

Ex. wadimde watt po pantsi, he just fell
down dead.

isi-Po (Pho),n. Gift i. e. thing given. See
isi-Piwo (M).

i-mPoba ($.}>.), n. Strong utshwala, whe-
ther of mealies or amabele.

Pobo, ukuti (Phobo, ukuthi), v.= ukuti po.

i-mPobo (s.p.),n. = um-Pobo.

um-Pobo (Phobo), n. 5. Unripe fig or figs
(collect.) = um-Qobo, i-mPobo; cp.i(li)-
Ncongo, is-Abumu.

Pobola (Phobola),v. Provoke a person
(ace.) to fight (lit. to give him a knock
on the head, as a challenge) = gala.

Poboleka (Phoboleka), v. Get made drop
down dead, or die off suddenly without
premonitory illness (lit. get struck
down) = hi tra tiza.

Poboza (Phoboza), v. Give a person (ace.)
a blow on the head, as with a knob-
kerry = ukuti pobo.

Poco, ukuti (Phbco, ukuthi), v. Dent in,
make an indentation in, as in a tin-ves-
sel (ace.) by a blow (= pocoza); get
dented in, have an indentation, as lie-
fore (= pocoka) = ukuti foco.

Pocoka (Phocoka), v. = uhuti poco.

Pocoza (Phocoza), v. = ukuti poco.

i-mPofazana (s.p.),n. A certain bird, the
Wattled Starling (Dilophvs caruncu-

I ut us).

Pofisa (Phot %8a), v. Make a person (ace.)
pool- (mpofu), as by making constant
rails on his stock; make a thing (ace.)
'brown' i.e. take the freshness, polish,
colour off, make it dirty -looking, as a
child might the recently polished floor
of a hut (ace.) by shuffling about on it,
or the sun discolouring a black coat or
putting a parched appearance on a field
of green mealies ; make a person (ace.)
look 'poor' i.e. small, discredited, ridi-
culous, by saying offensive, insulting
things to him in the presence of others
(= dumaza).

isi-Pofu (1'liiifu), n. Variety of the human
female breast when it stands out full
and evenly set on the body (not pendu-
lous), as in young girls (comp. i-nKo-
mane, um-Nqadula, u(lu)-Belendhlovu)\
medium large pink bead; also = isi-
Kondwe.

ubu-Pofu (Phofu), n. = ubu-Mpofu.
Pohlo, ukuti (Photo, ukuthi), v. Smash with
a crash, as any dry brittle thing (ace),

like a bottle, calabash, bone, or dry
branch; smash a person (figur.), as by
a crushing blow on the head or ribs;
eat or crush up in the mouth roasted
mealies (= pohloza); get so smashed
up, etc., as above (= pohloka) = ukuti
porro.

i(li)-Pohlo (Phohlo), n. Medium-large white
bead, larger than the i(li)-Tambo.

i-mPohlo (s.p.),u. Old bachelor or un-
married male (in this use now mostly
confined to Natal ) ; one of a regiment
of Shaka's and consisting of the follow-
ing sections: — u-Gibabanye, u-Fojisa,
i-mFolozi, i-nDabankulu, etc.; (C.N.)
disorderly, self-willed person.

Pohloka (Phohloka), v. = ukuti pohlo;
porroka.

Pohloza (Phohloza), v. = ukuti pohlo;
porroza.

Poko, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s.k.), v. Droop or
fall at the end, as the breasts of a growing
girl when beginning to be pendulous,
the flower of the mealie-plant, ear of
imfe, or a long bundle of grass carried
on the head (= pokozeka); make so
droop at the end (= pokoza) = ukuti
boko.

Poko, ukuti (Phbko, ukuthi), v. Be quite
white, as a tree in blossom, land with
snow, or hair of an old man; thrust it-
self out beyond or ahead of the main
mass or body — pokoza; get so thrust
ahead = pokozeka.

u(lu)-Poko (Phooko), n. Kind of grass
(? Chloris sp.), sparsely cultivated by
the Natives and whose tiny seeds are
used for making or improving utshwala.

um-Pokolo (s.p.; s.k.),n,5. Mouth when
closed firmly, from angry silence or
fasting.

Ex. uj/iloku u'mpokolo, he has kept his
mouth tight all p'ong /. e. has never said
a word.

angibonange ngiwutinta o'tnpokolo, I have
never so much as touched this screwed up
mouth of mine i. e. have not tasted a mor-
sel of food.

Pokopela (Phokophela), v. Be thrust for-
ward, ahead of, out beyond the average
or main body (with kwa), as one child
growing conspicuously rapid among
those of his age, some mealie-plants far
ahead of others in growth, or a point
of land jutting sharply out into the sea
(= ukuti poko, ukuti pokopele ) ; press
persistently, obstinately, perseveringly
forward in one's aims, desires, etc., as
when one is determined to attain them
(= zokozela).

PO

507

PO

Ex. uyipokopcle intombi ka'Bant, he is
pulsing hard, persistently after So-and-so's

daughter.
Pokopele, ukuti (Phokophele, abut hi), v.
pokopela, ukuti /i<>/;<>.

i(li)-P6kopoko (PKbkophoko), n. Anything
standing out, or advancing, prominently
beyond, or ahead of the main company
or mass, as a single great storm-cloud
shooting forward beyond the rest, a Pew
of a herd of cattle leading the way off
into some field, or a tree growing con-
spicuously out above those that sur-
round it.

u-Pokoto (Phokotho), n. Root, used as an
emetic (C.N.).

Pokoza (s.p.),v. — ukuti poko (s.]J.).

Pokoza (Phokoza), v. = ukuti poko (phoko).

Pokozeka (s.p.), v. = ukuti poko (s.p.).

Pokozeka (Phokozeka), v. = ukuti poko

(phoko).
Pokozela (s.p.), v. Go on drooping at

the end, waver, as the extremity of a

long bundle of grass when carried =

bokozela.

Pokozela (Phokozela), i>. Go out beyond,
ahead of, in advance of, as above — see
pokopela; i(li)-Pokopoko.

i-mPokwe (s.p.), u. Flower or flower-tuft of
any plant, as tobacco, mealies, or flow-
ering weeds = i-mPova; cp. i-mBali.

Pola (Phola), v. Be cool, as the air, or
water; be cooled, become cool, as water
or food recently hot; be cold, as food
cooked a previous day ; heal, get well,
as a sore or wound ; be mild i. e. not
strong, rich, or sharply flavoured, as
certain rich foods, acid drinks, etc., ren-
dered weaker by dilution, etc. ; be in a
dirtied, common-looking state, as a room
in dirty condition or out of repair; be
of good repute, unblemished name, as
a person or kraal; be of ill-i'epute, blem-
ished name or character, hence (me-
taphor.) insipid, distasteful, as a girl of
bad character (in all cases commonly
used in perf.); come through any dan-
ger without mishap (used in perf.j [Her.
pora, become cool; Sw. poa, be cool;
pona, get well; Bo. hola, to cool; hona,
get well ; Ya. pona, get well ; Ni. vona,
get well; Ga. ona, get well; L. Co. vula\.

Ex. sekupolile, it is now cool, or, it is al-
ready cold.

wapuma (empini) epolile, ho came through
(the war) clear of any ill, sale and sound.

akc apole ilanga kuqala, let him first be-
come cooled of this sun-heat.

upolile lowo'muxd, that kraal has a clean
respectable uanie.

upoliU lowo'mfaxi, thai woman has \<>-i
her respectability, is ol low repute, no lou
nl good flavour. ••>■<■ i(li) /:././.■

kupoln kakiilu exiiitnnihint mkona, ii i- of
a very low, common «orl among bin

ol that place.

i-mPola (s.p. loc. e-mPola),n. Break-
water at Durban [Eng.].
isi, or um-Polela (Pholela), n. 5. Cold

loud, of any kind, lefl from a pre\ iou

cooking.

Ex. sadhla umpolela wexulo, we ate the
col<l remains of yesterday.
i(li), or um-Polelana (Pholelana), n.5. Cool

i.e. common person, of low habits and
bad name.

isi-Poli (Pholi), n. State of being in undis-
turbed peace, absolutely free and ea
from external interference, etc., as a
person; remain or stand undisturbed,
untouched by any body, as a vessel put
out of the way for sale keeping.

Ex. sihlexi tsipoli namhla, we are livin
a tree and easy time to-day, doing as we
like — our parents being out

sike salala isipoli, we got to sleep a
peaceful night — undisturbed by the nuisance
that had been afflicting us the other night-.

u-Polile (Pholile),n. Small veldt-plant,

whose edible roots contain a milky juice.

Polisa (Pholisa), v. Make cool; make heal,
as above — see ]><>l<i.

isi-Pololwane (Phololwane), n. Small bush,
whose leaves, mixed with i-mBuya, are

eaten as i mi lino.

Polo polo, ukuti (Pholo phSlo, ukuthi),v.

poloza.

i(li)-P6lopolo (Phblopholo), n. One with a
lying tongue, given to talking untruth .
as when backbiting others or making
a dishonest sale - i(li)-Folofolo ; i(H)-
Habuhabu.

Poloza (Pholoza), v. Have a lying tongue,
talk away untruths without regard, as
when backbiting or conducting a dis-
honest sale = foloza, habuza.

isi-Poma (Phoma), n. isi-Boma.
i(li)-Pombwane (Phombhwane), n. Certain
climbing plant, used against snakes.

Pompa (Phompa), v. (C.N.) mpompa.

i(li)-Pompo (Phompo), n. Bold-faced, tear-
less talker (not necessarily in a bad
sense) who has not the reticence, re-
spect for elders or shame COUimon to
his age or sex, and so is not afraid t<>
talk to anybody or about anything, as

some girls. Comp. i(l 'i )-< rCtbaza, i-Mpo-

mpo, i(li)-Budhle; also pompoza,

PO

508

PO

i-mPompo (s.p.), ». Rude, 'cheeky,' bold-
faced person, showing no respect or
shame when talking = i-Mpabazane,
UrMaqapeqolo\ cp. v-Nonzcce; i(li)-Po-
mpo; pompoza.

isi- Pom polo (Phompolo), n. = isi-Bonkolo.

isi-Pompolwana (Plwmpoltvana),n. Sharp,
tierce, active little fellow (N).

Pompoza (Phompoza), v. Talk in a bold-
faced, fearless manner, as some girls,
not with the usual reticence, respect or
shame common to one's age or sex.
See i(H)-Pompo; i-Mpompo. Comp. ga-
baza; budhluza; mpabaza.

um-Pondi (Phondi), n. 5. Long, bulky-
thing, as a long thick sweet-potato, or
tall head.

i(li)-P6ndo (Phoondo), n. Country of a
description midway between the i-Hlanze
and i-nKangala q.v. that is, generally
patched or sprinkled with bush but still
abounding in open grass-patches, often
presenting a park-like appearance; strip
or stretch of bush shooting off, as along
a valley, from a forest.

Ex. sis'emapondweni ehlati, we live among
the offshoots of a forest, i. c. iu a country
witli little woods, on its outskirts.

ixwe lakiti iif/'rlepondo, or ng'elamapondo,
or liy'ilo ipondo lehianxe, our district is a
glady bush country.

i-mP6ndo (Poondo),n. Malignant inter-
mittent or malarial fever, very preva-
lent and fatal among the Natives along
the coast of Zululand ; medicine, sup-
posed to be introduced by the arna-
Ntlenga and said to be the cause of this
disease; highly irritable, 'inflammable'
nature; such irritable person, not to be
touched; variety of pumpkin much liked
(cp. isi-Kutwane; i(li)-Hobosha).

isi-Pondo (Phoondo), n. Small veldt-herb
iThunbergia atrtplidfolia), having a
flower somewhat like a primrose, and
used by Natives as 'soap' for washing
i lie head; certain small shrub with blue
flowers.

isi-Pondo (Phondo), n. Name sometimes
given to any ox with upright horns;
(X) small side-entrance to a kraal; also
(X) isi-Pondo.

u(lu)-Pondo (Phondo), n. Horn, as of cow
or buck; tusk, of an elephant; flank
(whole), of an army (= um-Kono; see
i'li ha, i(li)-Piko); sometimes used
for 'turret', 'belfry', or 'tower' mount-
ing from the roof of a building [Lat.
cornu, horn; Sw. pembe].

I'lir. leyo'nkabi i>n>i>iniili>. that ox is given
to using its horn-.

oshis'/tpoiulv, one who is hot about the
horn, i.e. a fiery d:uigerous individual who
will give you a stab in no time.

ukulima seku 'mpoi/do za'nkomo, ploughing
is now very near, ahout to start, lit. is al-
ready when the horns of the cattle begin to
be seen, just before the break of day = se-
ku'iitsuku xa'tshwala; see um-Tini.

ipum'upondo pexulu, it (the house) puts
out a horn up above i. e. has a turret, tower,
spire, etc.

kivoba 'mpondo xa'mbmi, it will be goats'
horns (which ruu along, side by side, of
equal length), i. e. it will be a case of 'neck
to neck' — only used by young-men of girls
in an obscene sense (N).

u-Pondonde (Phondonde), n. Certain tall

tree, like the aloe (C.N.).
um-Pondovu (Phondovu), n. 5. Veldt-herb

resembling fennel.
um-Pondwe, n. 5. Kind of wooden spadoon

for weeding gardens (C.N.).

i-mPongo (s.p.), n. He-goat. See i-mBuzi
[Her. o-ngombo, goat].

isi-P5ngo (Phoongo), n. Protuberance of
the frontal bone in the middle of the
forehead (= isi-Mongo; cp. i(li)-Nquzu;
i(li)-Hlawe ) ; person with such (= isi-
Nqomfelana) ; round knoll-like foi--
mation protruding from the brow of a
hill or bulging out alone on a hillside,
or standing like a head at the end of a
ridge (= i(li)-Muzu).

um-Pongolo (Phongolo), n. 5. Barrel, cask
(C.N. fr. Xo.).

i-mPongoza (s.p.), n. Long limp rope-like
lump or mass, as of congealed blood
drawn from the arteries of a dead
beast, or thick mucus from the nose of
a child.

um-Pongoza (s.p.),n.5. Anything thrust-
ing itself 'protrudingly ', prominently
out in advance of or above its main
body or surroundings, as a conspicuous
storm or other cloud stretching out a-
head of the main mass (cp. um-Qongo),
or one tree rising boldly up above those
around it, or one breast of a woman
when stretched longer than the other.

i-mPongozembe (Pongozembhe),n. Certain
tree {Urera tenax), whose leaves, etc.
are covered with troublesome prickly
hairs, and whose bark is used as fibre.

um-Pongqolo (Phongqolo),n.5. = um-Pa-

ngqolo.
Pongqoza (Pimngqoza), v. = ponqoza.

isi-Ponotwane (s.p.; s.t.),n. Big, soft,
pulpy lump of a thing, as a well-cooked
sweet- potato, or an u-selwa.

PO

509

PO

Ponqoza (Phonqosa), v. Protrude one's

large eyes (nee). Cp. pinqiza; i(li)-Po-
nqoza.
i(li)-Ponqoza (Phonqoza), u. Big protrud-
ing eye or owner thereof = um-Pinqi.
Pontsa (Phontsa), v. = posa.
Pontseka (Phontseka), v. poseka.
Ponyo, ukuti (Phbnyo, ukuthi), v. = po-
nyoza.
Ponyoza (Phony oza), v. Gulp down food
(ace.) with only slight mastication (comp.
gimbiliza) ; also = pinyaza.
i(li)-Ponza (Phonza),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Poza.
i-mPopoma (Pophoma), n. Waterfall.
P6 po po, ukuti (Phb phb pho, ukuthi), v.

= popota; popoza.
u-Popopo (Phophopho), n. Certain shrub,
bearing tiny berries. See i-nTlamvubele.
Popota (Phophotha), v. = qwaqwada.
Popoza (Phophoza), v. Gurgle, as water
running among stones in a brook
(comp. mpompoza); gush out, as blood
from a wound.
Poqa (Phoqa), v. Make do against one's
will, force, compel, as a father his
child (ace.) to get married, or a man a
girl (ace.) when ravishing her; thrust
a false charge on one (ace), attribute
a fault to him violently, without any
cause on his part (= dhlandhlata) ; force
out lies, etc. (ace), without any justifi-
cation or necessity; do any work, etc.,
without any authorisation or without
understanding anything about it, just
drive oneself to it.

Ex. uma engarumi ngokwake, uyakupoqwa,
if he will not do it of himself, he will be
made to do it by force.

uyangipoqa nje, angiy'axi na'kuy'asi le-
yo'ndaba, he is just forcing the charge on
me, I know nothing whatsoever of the affair.
wngibonanga ngixitunga kuqala, ngiya-
poqa nje, 1 have never sewn boots before, I
am just forcing myself along.
Poqelela (Phoqelela), v. Make do by
constant compulsion or pressure, con-
tinue putting pressure on one (ace.) to
bring him to do something.
Poqo, ukuti (Phoqo, ukuthi), v. = poqoza;

poqoka; ukuti monqo.
Poqoka (Phoqoka),v. Get snapped, as

below = monqoka.
i-mP6qompoqo (s.p.), ». Any brittle, snap-
pable thing, easily breaking, as a thin
dry stick, or piece of glass or pottery.
See poqoza.
Poqoza (Phoqoza), v. Snap, as any brittle
thing (aec.) like a dry stick or piece ol
pottery = monqoza. Seoi-mPoqo/npoqo.

Porroka (Phorroka),v. Gel smashed ; be

po-

II I,- lit I

ireak

smashable; net struck, as below
hloka.

Porro, ukuti (PhoTTO, ukuthi), V.
rroka; porroza; ukuti pohlo; cp
dorro.

Porroza (Phorroza), v. Smash or
with a crash, as the dry bough (ace.) of
a tree, or a calabash; strike a person
(ace.) on the head or any bony place,
'smash his head', etc. for him po-
hloza. ('omp. dorroza.

Posa (Ph08a),V. Throw, in any sense;
hence, hurl, fling, toss, as one might a
stone (aec.), a spadeful of earth, or a
person's cap to him; throw at a person
(ace.) a stone (with nga of thing); (N.)
attack or treat a girl (ace) with a love-
charm, supposed to be the cause of
hysterical fits in the girl; used adver-
bially to express 'to be on the point of,
almost' (= cishe -always in the form
pose) [Sw. pisha, throw; Her. opo, al-
most; popczu, nearly].

Ex. bayiposite intombi ka'Maka, they have
attacked Maka's girl with an hysterical charm.

iposiwe intombi ka'Maka, Maka's girl has
hysterics.

isandhla sokuposa or sokudhla, the throw-
ing or eating hand, i.e. the right hand.
i(li)-Nxele.

ngapose ngawa, 1 nearly fell.

l'hr. uku-pos'iso ku, bo give au eye to,
look after a hit.

uku-posa umlomo pexulu, to throw up the
mouth, i.e. be full of bluster or talk, but
doing nothing, as one who BColds away at
others but does nothing himself.

a In pos in i, lunge' sag Ua, it (u-bob) is not
thrown (it must be fetched), it not being a
throwing-stick — a common saying of young-
men to passing girls (obscem
Pose (Phose) — see posa.
Pose, ukuti (Phose, ukuthi), v. Throw-
fling or pitch down carelessly, without
effort, as anything (ace); flinjj at, pitch
at, as at a person (ace) anything (with
nga of thing ): get flung or pitched
down, as anything thrown lightly; be
alone, a solitary one among many, as
a girl alone among a lot of boys po-
seyane.
Pose pose, ukuti (Phose phose, ukuti
Scatter or drop aboul sparsely here and
there, as a woman imfe seed (ace.) in a
field of mealies; be in solitary fashion,
scattered sparsely just here and there,
as imfe in a meahe-field, or kraals in
a sparsely populated district ukuti

gqwashu gqwashu, ukuti gqwaba, ukuti
luuti, ukuti /</]>(■,

s

PO

Poseyane, ukuti (Phoseyane, ukuthi), v. -
ukuti pose.

Posho posho, ukuti (Phbsho phosho, uku-
f ///'), v. = poshoza.

i(li)-P6shoposho (Phoshophosho), re. Loqua-
cious person, who chatters away inces-
santly about everything.

Poshoza (Phoshoza), v. Chatter or gossip
away without cessation, as a garrulous
person.

Posisa (Phosisa), v. Make a mistake or
error (N. fr. Xo.) [Sw. kosa, err].

isi-Posiso (Phosiso). n. Mistake, error (N.
fr. Xo.).

isi-Poso (Phoso), n. Medicine supposed to
cause hysteria, insanity, etc., in another,
and for this purpose much used by
young men; the disease caused by such
medicine; the word is sometimes used
interjectionally, as isijioso ! in the same
way as imihlola q. v. and expressing
indignant surprise, as in the English
' What impudence ! What amazing cheek ! '
Cp. isi-Celekeshe (N. fr. Xo.).

N.B. These 'medicines' are generally com-
binations of all kinds of animal fats, flesh
or excrements, plant-roots, and European
chemicals and minerals, from loadstone to
washing-soda.

um-Poso (Phoso), n. 5. Meat (of bullock
or goat) brought along by a bride's
party, for inducing the people of the
bridegroom's kraal to open to them the
gates ( which are often intentionally clos-
ed upon their arrival there), and
thrown to them in lumps over the fence
• or, in Natal, a beast is brought along
and slaughtered on the spot for this
purpose (see izi-Boma -- Appendix ).
Cp. urn- Vulasango.

i(li)-Posukubusa (Phosukubusa), re. Name
given to the second son of the i-nDhlu-
nkulu hut. See i-nKosana.

Pota (['hot ha), v. Twine or twist in a
loose manner two threads or fibres to-
gether (see sonta), so as to form one
string (ace), either by revolving between
the finger and thumb, or, as the Natives
generally do, by running them rapidly
with the hand along the bare thigh
(comp. gokota); twist the hair in long
trings, as an wvrngoma, or young man
" -Yeko)\ spin, or hatch up lies
i. • ■•.) [Sw . potoa, twist].

Ex. uwjipotclc Uuinbo, lie has fabricated
a lie for me.

l'hr. uku-jtoVintambo, to spin a yarn, re-
late ;; Ion;.' mainly fabricated story ulctt-
/" inKata.

i-mPotane (Pothane),n. Bullock with spi-

510 PO

rally twisted horns and pointed out-
wards.

Pote, ukuti (Phothe, ukuthi), v. Be all in
a din, or great confusion of noise, as of
a lot of people talking loudly in a hut,
so that one can scarcely hear the other
= ukuti potololo, ukuti hvihvi.

Ex. kwati pote inkani, it was all in a din
with altercation, noisy dispute.

Pote, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s.t.),v. — pote-
ka; potela.

i(li)-Pote (s.p.; s.t.), n. Blister, such as is
caused on the palm of the hand by long
digging, or on the sole of the Native
foot by long walking. Cp. i(li)-Panyaza.

u(lu)-Pote (Phothe), n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Poto.

ubu-Pote (s.p.; s.t.),n. = i-mPotempote.

Poteka (s.p.; s.t.; s.k.),v. Get eaten, as

an i-mPotempote.
Potela (s.p.; s.t.), v. Eat anything (ace.)

of the nature of an i-mPotempote.

Potela (Phothela), v. Menstruate ( decent
word) = geza; qaka [Sw. potea, di-
gress].

isi-Potela (s.p.; s.t.), n. = i-mPotempote.

i-mPotempote (s.p.; s.t.),n. Any pulpy,
mashy kind of food, soft and smooth to
the mouth, as well-cooked and mashed
beans or peas, thick pumpkin-mash, or
a soft ripe banana = ubu-Pote, isi-Po-
tela; cp. i-mPotompoto.

ubu-P6tepote (s. p.; s. t.), n. = i-mPote-
mpote.

Poto, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s.t.), v. = poto-
ka; potoza. Cp. ukuti foto.

i(li)-Poto (Photho), n. Habit of telling un-
true tales, a lying tongue.

u(lu)-Poto (Photho), n. Hair dressed in long
twisted strings hanging down around
the head ; any such single string of hair
= um-Yeko.

um-Potohana or Potokana (s.p.; s. t.; s. k.),
n.o. (N) = u(lu)-Putu.

Potoka (s.p.; s. L; s. k.), v. Get pressed or
dimpled in, as anything of a soft yield-
ing nature, like a bladder, cushion, or
ripe peach; allow itself to be so pressed
in, hence, be of a soft, yielding, pres-
sable nature, as a bladder or peach.
Cp. fotoka; faeaka. See i-mPotompoto.

Fotolo'o, ukuti (Phothololo, ukuthi), v. -
ukuti pote (phothe).

Potoloza (Photholoza), v. Do any work Or
action in a rough, clumsy manner, as
in washing fragile vessels (ace), when
weaving a mat, playing on the u-gubu,
or a rough boy handling children in an
ungentle manner (cp. pamazela; wala-

PO 511

zela; mfonyoza); (C.N.) grasp violently,
seize with the hand.

Potolozi, ukuti (Photholozi, iCkuthi),v. =
potoloza.

i-mP6tompoto (s.]>.; s.t),n. Anything of
a softly pressable nature, thai can be
easily dimpled by the fingers, as a blad-
der, feather cushion, ripe peach, or the
framework of a Native hut. See ukuti
poto. Cp. i-mFotomfoto; i-mPotempote.

u-Potongo, n. used jocularly for something
nice or pleasant (with shaya). (O.N.).

i-mPotoninga (Pothoninga), n. A 'lost',
daft person, quite helpless or lost as to
what to do = i-nTsanganeka.

Potoza (s.p.; s.t.),v. Press or dimple in
anything (ace.) of the nature of an
i-mPotoiupoto, as above. Comp. facaza;
t'otoza.

Potozeka (s.p.; s. t.; s.k.), v. = potoka.

Potsha (s. p.; s.t.),v. Administer an ene-
ma to a person (ace.) = ta, boja, cata.

Potsho, ukuti (ukuthi; s. p.; s. t.), v. — po-
tshoka; potshoza; ukuti tshoko.

Potshoka (s.p.; s.t.; s.k.), v. Get ejected
or poured out in one sudden ejection,
as below = ukuti potsho; tshokozeka.

Potshoza (s.p.; s. t.), v. Eject or pour forth
in one ejection (not in a long continued
stream ), as with a single sudden effort
or pulsation, as a short sudden vomit,
as some caterpillars when handled, a
mouthful of spittle, or a single dash of
water from a kitchen-kettle ; let out talk,
lies, etc., without any effort, just come
out of themselves, as from habit =
ukuti potsho; tshokoza.

Potula (Phothula), v. Grind or crush boil-
ed mealies (ace), as for um-Caba; pu-
rify oneself, cleanse away the defilement
of 'black medicines' (see umu-Ti) by
rubbing, anointing or washing one's
body in water or grease medicated with
charms, and after which generally fol-
lows a completing dose of 'white medi-
cines' freeing the individual from all
the restraint imposed upon him by the
'black medicines'.

i-mPotuli (Pothuli), n. Maid-servant, lit.
mealie-crusher, of an um-Numzana, used
also as concubine = is-Aneinza.

i-mPotulo (Pothulo),n. Boiled mealie-
grains — possibly a hlonipa word ori-
ginally, now in common use = izi-nKo-
be (see u(lu)-Kobe).

um-Potulo (Phothulo), n. 5. = um-Caba.

i(li)-Potwe (Phothwe), n. Common Bulbul
(Pycnonotus Layardi); person with Ion-
narrow head and elevation of the skull

PU

on the top of the head ;it the sagittal
suture, from the resemblance to the tuft
on the bird's head.

I'lir. tigilale emaPotweni! I would lie
(with the kin'_r'~ wives) in the Emnpotwem
kraal!— if I be qoI speaking the truth.
Appendix ' Proper Names '.

i-mPova (s.p.), n. i-mPokwe.

isi-Pova (Phova),n. UmPoku

i(l i)- Povela (Phovela), n. One of the four
ama-shoba worn ereel over the fore-
head by the is-Angqu regiment, and by
the l-nGobamakosi i(li)-Nkonkowane.
Comp. ubu-Shokobezi.

um-Poxela (Phoxela), n. 5. - um-Pixongo.

isi-Poxo (Phoxo), n. Person who is natu-
rally 'silly' i.e. idiotic, devoid of intel-
lect; a fool. Cp. isi-Pukupuku; i-mPu-
paniiui; u(lu)-Hlanya.

i(ii)-Poyisa (Phoyisa), p. Policeman. Cp.
i(li)-Nxusa; u-Nongqayi [Kng.].

Poza (Phoza), v. = poboza.

i(li)-Poza (Phoza), n. Seed-pod when re-
sembling in shape that of the chillie-
plant, as of the isnTsema, etc.; horn of
a cow worn standing erect on each side
of the head as a token, or ornament, by
an irNxeleha.

Pozisa (Pliozisa), v. Make copj, as hot
water (ace.) by adding cold, soup by
blowing upon it, or an inflamed sore
by anointing with ointment; reduce the
poignancy of angry hard words by a
subsequent apology, explanation, etc;
take the fineness, 'shine', off a thing,
render it common-looking, as a hut
(ace.) by dirtying it inside with foot or
food-droppings, spitting about, etc.
(comp. pola; pofisa) [The original
form of this word, viz. poza, gel cool,
seems to have got lost to the Zulu
speech, its place having been taken by
the word pola. Doth polo, be cool, and
pozisa, make cool, are variations ><\' one
and the same root, having Bomehow
been separated in Zulu, probably by
contact with different tribes using dif-
ferent forms. Thus, Sw. poza, gel cool;
Her. pora, gel cool; Bo. hoza, cure].

Pu, ukuti (Vliii, ukuthi), v. c.rope blindly
about, move aimlessly about, as a young
calf poking about its mother's body not
knowing where the teats are, or as rattle

wandering off first on this side then
that when being collected together by a
single herdboy; stink, have aicetid smell
(with nuka); dash water (ace. or nga)
oyer a person (ace.) or in his face; come
out with, or blurt out Buddenly stupid
talk (= ukuti pubu i.

PU

512

PU

i-mPu (s.p.J, u. = i-mPunyunga.

Puba puba, ukuti (Phuba phuba, ukuthi),

v. = pubazcla.

Pubazela (Phubazela), v. = pamazela.

Pubu, ukuti (Phubu, ukuthi), v. Do any-
thing in a sharp, flapping manner; hence,
throw out at length any folded thing,
as a sleeping-mat (ace.), or a blanket
when unfurling it; strike one (ace.) in
a flapping way, as with a flying over-
coat or blanket when sweeping roughly
past him or when shaking the same;
give one (ace.) a 'whisk' on the face or
body with the back of the hand (= ukuti
mbebe); whisk away, take suddenly off
or away with a sweeping movement, as
a hawk might a fowl (ace), or a person
might an article from the table when
in a pet = pubuza; get so done, as
above; get thrown out or unfurled; get
so to come suddenly, abruptly out, as
a person, i. e. come out with suddenly,
burst out, as with tears or laughter, or
blurt out, as unseemly, stupid talk ;
burst or break forth, as such laughter
or talk itself = pubuka.

Pubuka (Phubuka), v. = ukuti pubu.

\-mPubumpubu (s.p.),n. Awkward, lumber-
some person; great lazy lout. See pu-
buzela.

Pubuzela (Phubuzeld), v. = pamazela.

Puca (Phuca), v. Shave off, as the hair
(ace.) from the head; scrape or wear
clean off, as anything might the nap
(ace.) from an ibeshu = pucula, singa.

i-mPuco (s.p.J, n. Native razor (= i-nTsi-
ngo)\ visit of a recently married bride
to her home, about a month or so
after the wedding, in order to get the
hair re-shaven around the head below
her topknot and upon which occasion
she returns with a few calabashes of
beer called by this name (= N. ama-
Hlanse). Cp. um-Cobozo.

Pucu, ukuti (Phucu, ukuthi), v. = pucuka;
pucula; pucuza.

Pucuka (I'hucuka), v. Get shaved; galled ;
worn clean off; rubbed off; or scraped
off, as below (mostly used in perf.) See
pucula; pucuza.

Pucula (Phucula), v. Shave, as hair (ace.)
with a razor; wear clean off, as the
nap of an ibeshu by constant use; gall
or rub off, as constant friction the skin
of a person or horse = ukuti pucu.
Com p. pucuza.

Pucuza (Phueuza), v. (expressing intenser
action than pucula), hence, rub off, as
hard dirt (ace.) from a jug with ash,
rust from an assegai with earth, or dirt

from the feel with a stone; scrape off
(not shave off), as the bristles from the
skin of a slaughtered pig = ukuti
pucu. Comp. pucula.

Puhla (Phuhla), v. Stand up motionless,
still, doing nothing, as a man in a hut
(the action being against Native man-
ners ), or as a soldier standing on guard
( used in perf. ) ; break through, as a
young plant through the soil, or the
horns of a calf through the skin; break
out into talk in a thoughtless uncon-
sidering way, whether wildly or merely
stupidly (= puhluka ) = ukuti puhle.

isi-Puhla (Phuhla), n. — isi-Puhluka.

Puhle, ukuti (Phuhle, ukuthi), v. = puhla.

Ex. mus'uktiy'ilofc'mni ute puhle, or mu-
s'ukuy'tloku upuhlile, don't be always stand-
ing up motionless or doing nothing (at work).

Puhleka (Phuhleka), v. Getto break through,
break out in thoughtless talk, or stand
motionless, as above — see puhla.

Puhlu, ukuti (Phuhlu, ukuthi), v. = puhlu-
ka; puhluza; ukuti purru.

isi-Puhlu (Phuhlu), n. = isi-Puhluka.

Puhluka (Phuhluka), v. Get smashed up
into atoms, as a piece of glass falling,
or a calabash ( cp. pohloka ) ; be of a
smashed-up, squashy, slushy nature, as
a rotten pumpkin or fruit; break or
'blurt' out in thoughtless unconsidered
talk, whether of a wild or merely stupid
nature (= pafuka, puhla, puhlukeza).

isi-Puhluka (Phuhluka), n. One given to
thoughtless unconsidered talking, whe-
ther of a wild or merely stupid nature
= isi-Puhla. See puhluka.

Puhlukeza (Phuhlukeza), v. Push through
the needle in an unobserving careless
manner when sewing anything, general-
ly making it come out in a wrong di-
rection or with unduly large holes ; blurt
out thoughtless, unconsidered talk (=
puhluka ).

Puhluluka (Phuhluluka), v. = puhluka.
isi-Puhlupuhlu (Phuhluphuhlu), n. — isi-
Puhluka.

Puhluza (Phuhluza), v. Smash up into
atoms any brittle thing (ace), as a piece
of glass or calabash; make get blurted
out (i.e. to blurt out) thoughtless un-
considered talk (cp. puhluka).

i-mPukane (s.p.; s. k.),n. Fly; small piece
of meat about the shoulder-blade of an
ox and deemed a tit-bit; plur. izi-mPu-
kane, short stunted twists or tufts of
hair, as on the head of some Natives
whose hair never grows long (= ama-
Te empukane) [Heb. zebub, fly; Lat.

PL) 51

Hlusca, fly; Her. tuka, to fly; Ga. umka,
to fly; Sw. nihil, to fly; I fa. fcttda, a
fly.] •

Phr. us'egolela impukane, he already grabs
at a fly with his mouth said of a person
ravenously hungry, having been without food
for a considerable time.

1*. impukane iyagudhla isilonda, the lly
passes close to the sore so as to obtain
an opportunity of getting at it. Sec i-mBu-

X.l>. Impukane i//iii/<,:'i isinene aendoda.
umqehexa for umaqekeni), <>! tamtintitaJ
in other localities, impukane iyagexa, ma-
yidle abantabayo, mina, e/ — song of girls,
sung sitting in a squatting position and ac-
companied by a shifting of one's seat from
one buttock to the other.
isi-Pukeqe (Phukeqe), n. Idoit, harmless
lunatic (cp. u(lu)-Hlanya); applied also
to a stupid, senseless person, and bad
snuff = i-mPupamini. Cp. isi-Tuta.

Puku, ukuti (Phuku, ukuthi), v. = pukuza.

i(li)-Puku (Phuku), n. = i-mPuku.

i-mPuku (s.p.;s.k.),n. Small kind of com-
mon house or garden rat or mouse of
plain unstriped skin, larger than the
i(li)-Bende and somewhat smaller than
the i-mBiba = i(li)-Puku. See i(li)-G li-
ndane [Ar. mukn, mouse; Her. e-puku,
rat; Sw. buku, rat; Ga. musu, very
large rat; At. okute, mouse].

Phr. ukw'ehla kwempuku etala — See i(li)-
I 'usolo.

ukw-ondhlela impuku eweni, to bring up a
rat out in the precipice = to act as father
or benefactor to, do a favour or act of gener-
osity to a heartless, ungrateful person, who
grows up thankless to you.

uxalise okwempuku ijesi/va for (N) yas'e-
manxiwmi), he breeds like a mouse in a
precipice — said of a man who has a very
large number of children (the remark i> re-
garded as vulgar and insulting).

P. ungepate 'in/hi/,-" 'mbili, enye iyakapu-
nyuka, iwe, you cannot carry two mice, one
will slip out and fall = you cannot with
success do two things at once, etc.

isi-Puku (Phuuku), n. Cloak made of goat
or cow's skin, the original 'blanket' of
the Zulus before the advent of the White-
X man. Cp. isi-Qama.

.V./;. There is a special isi-puku kept in
the old-woman's hut in a kraal and worn
only, as one would a blanket, at the time
of praising the amadhlozi when a beast has
been slaughtered for them.
i-mPukuboya (s.p.; s.k.),n. Child with
hereditary unbealtliiness, who will pro-
bably not grow up to live, such as are

3 PU

common in some scrofulous Native fa-

inilh B.
Pukula (Phukula), v. Pout the mouth

(ace), as a child when angry or shov.in-
disdain ( gudula, qukula, bongolisa);
perform the uku-pu/cula custom, as be-

1 o W .

N.B. This custom i-^ technically known
as the n- Xminii ■•</< , and used to he performed
annually about the tine- when the ama-beb
is being hoed. [\ i- ushered in by e\
girl ot any size in the locality turning out
to beg among the neighbouring kraals a
small quantity of corn or mealies tor beer-
making. On reaching each kraal, the visitot
is naturally greeted, hut, in this particular
instance, instead of replying, she merely
'pouts the month' disdainfully I uku-pukula j,
by which sign it is understood what Bhe
has come about. Having received all the
grain she requires from the different kraals,
she goes home, and prepare- beer. On the
appointed day, the beer is taken about mid-
day to any selected spot on the veldt, where
all the girls congregate and make merry,
drinking the beer and singing the traditional
songs in honour of Nomkuhulwana (q.v.
the princess from up above in the sky, who
seems to he a kind of goddess of Kafir-
corn {i.e. goddess of plenty) and is said to
have taught the people the custom of I
making. So much for the uku-pukula. If
the ukw-alusa ixinkomo portion of the cere-
mony is also to be performed, OH the early
morning of the feast, each girl takes out the
cattle of her kraal, herding them throughout
the day and bringing them hack in the
evening, wearing all the time her brother's
umu-tsha — the hoys on this occasion being
kept rigorously away from the girls and the
cattle. The entire ceremony is called n
nxa unomdede or unompukulwana.

um-Pukulo (Phukulo), n. 5. UrNomdede.

i-mPukulu (s.p.; s.k.),n. Pouted mouth;
person with such u(lu)-Bozolo.

i-mPukuluti (Pukuluthi), n. South-African
dormouse (Graphiurus murinus); :i\><<
sometimes applied to the Mole-rat < Geo-
rychus Hottentotus irnGola); also

to a homeless, destitute person (cp.
u(lu)-Zulane) [At. okute, mouse].

A'./>. The mole-rat. Bhould it enter:, kraal.
is regarded as an omen, prognosticating

death.

i(li)-Pukupu (Phukuphu no pltirJ, //. Froth
(not scum), such as forms on beer when
pouring it out, or on milk when boiling,
or from the mouth at times i(li)-Pu-
kupuku, Coinp. i(li)-Gwebu; pukuzela.

i(li)-Pukupuku (Phukuphuku), n. i(li)-

Pukupu.

ss

PU

514

PU

isi-Pukupuku (Phukuphuku), n. A foolish

person, weak-minded and stupid in his

actions, a simpleton (not actually idiotic

sec isi-Poxo). Cp. i-mPitpmn i 11 i ; u(lu)-

Hlanya [sec pukuza].

i-mPukushoba (s. p.; s.k.),n. (C.N.) =
i-mPukuluti.

Pukuta (Phukutha), v. = ukuti pukutu;
(C.N.) entice, tempt.

Pukutu, ukuti (PhiikutJtu, ukuthi), v. Make
go in, or thrust in, bodily or wholly, as
a waterpot (ace) bodily into the water
when drawing from a deep place, or a
beerpot into the barrel instead of lad-
ling it out with an inDebe, or an assegai-
blade deep into the body of a thing
when stabbing it; have the face, beak,
or mouth, of another colour to the rest
of the body, as a black cow with a white
lace, or a white bird with a red beak;
make have such a face, or mouth, as a
man with the lips all white from dried
beer, or a child who has smeared its
face with clay or mud = puktda.

Ex. ningahlali ecaleni nje lamanxi; nge-
nani niti pukutu, don't be standing just at
the cilire of the water, go right in with your
whole bodies.

isi-Pukutu (Phukuthu), n. Face, mouth, or
beak of a different colour to the rest of
the body, as the white face of a black
cow, red beak of a white bird, or white
lips of a man from dry beer.

Ex. ingane iy'enxa isvpuhdu, the child is
making an isipukutu, i. e. is playing smear-
ing its face with mud, ash, etc.

isi-Pukutwane (Phukuthwane), n. = isi-Pu-
tumane.

Pukuza (Phukuza), v. Make a fool of a
person (ace.) ; make act foolishly, huin-
bug, as children intentionally directing
an old man the wrong way; make look
stupid = wulaza (Her. pukisa, be fool-
ish; Sw. upuzi, nonsense].

Pukuzeka (Phukuzeka), v. Get fooled, made
a fool of, humbuged = wulazeka.

Pukuzela (Phukuzela),v. Froth up, as beer
when poured out, milk when b -iling, or
magnesia when effervescing in water.

i(li)-Pulala (I hut ala), n. Ineffectual attempt
to hold, or catch hold of a thing. Cp.
i(li)-]'alulu; ukuti pulala.

Ex. ngati ngiyabamba, kanti ngiyabamba
ipulala mje, I attempted t<> catch hold of it,
but I just grabbed a miss, just grabbed hold
of the air.

Pulala pulala, ukuti (Phulala phulala, uku-
thi), r. Make ineffectual grabs, catches,
or attempts to hold at a thing (ace), as

when striving to get firm hold of a
struggling boy, or when grabbing in-
effectually at a grasshopper that contin-
ually hops away = ukuti pula pula,
pulaza. See i(li)-Pulala; gongoloza;
qeleza; ukuti pututu.
Pula pula, ukuti (Phula phula, ukuthi), v.
Run the hands or eyes over cursorily,
as over a room (ace), or a heap of
clothes when hastily searching for some-
thing; make ineffectual grabs or attempts
to hold at a thing (ace.) = ukuti pula-
la, pulaza.

Pulaza (Phulaza), v. = ukuti pula pula,
ukuti pulala pulala.

Pulazeka (Phulazeka), v. Get grabbed or
caught at ineffectually, hence, get miss-
ed, as a grasshopper which one is at-
tempting to get hold of; get made to
grab at ineffectually, hence, get made to
miss, to miss, as the person so attempt-
ing to get hold of.

i(li)-Pulazi (Phulazi), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Pu-
laln.

Pulu, ukuti (Phulu, ukuthi; sometimes
s.p.),v. Eject or pass smoothly out, as a
slippery lump or body e. g. a man or goat
passing lumps of fceces (ace. — see um-
Pulu), or an animal its young at birth;
throw forth without effort, with perfect
ease, lies or bad talk; give birth to
abundantly, just go on throwing easily
forth without any effort, as a pig its
litter (ace. = buluza, ukuti pulu pulu) =
puluza; get ejected or thrown smoothly
forth, as fceces, young, or lies = puluka.

um-Pulu (PJmlu — sometimes s.p.),n.5.
Slippery lumps of fceces, as 'ejected'
(pulu) by man or goat. Comp. um-
Godd, um-Gamu.

Puluka ( Phuluka — sometimes s.]).), v. Get
smoothly or easily ejected or passed
out, as above ; get or pass safely through
or out of, recover from, as from sick-
ness; escape, get safely through or out
of, as from any danger, accident, battle,
etc. = ukuti pulu.

Pulukundhla (Phulukundhla), v. Throw
oneself right into, rush into or at, in a
mad, reckless manner, without pre-
meditation or ceremony, as a thief
throwing himself into thick bush when
chased, or a person rushing recklessly
upon or into anything.

Pulukundhlu, ukuti (Phulukundhlu, uku-
thi), v. = ptihikundhla.

i(li)-Pulukundhlu (Phulukundhlu), n. Reck-
less, headstrong thing, as above — some-
times applied to such a person, a pig,
iguana, etc.

PU 51

Pulula (Phulula), v. Stroke, as a cal or |
child's head (ace); rub smoothly between
the fingers, as an i-shungu when holding
it in the hand, or a walking-stick. Cp.
bambata.

i-mPulule (s.p.),n. Person <>r tiling
'smoothed off' ( see pulula ) cleanly
hence, smooth-surfaced body along
which one could move the hand without
encountering any knot or unevenness,
as a marble pillar, or a lead-pencil;
smooth-surfaced or hairless head, or
body, as of a person horn bald, or the
young of a rabbit; tree cleaned smoothly
off as to its leaves, as !>y locusts; man
or woman without children, or man
without wife and family (= i-mPundhle,
i-nTluzwa).

Pulusela (Phulusela), r. Push on with a
thing in word or deed, whether right or
wrong (C.N.).

isi-Puluseli (Phuluseli), n. One persever-
ing, energetic (C.N.).

Puluza (Phuluza — sometimes s.p.),v. =

ukuti pulu.
Puma (Phuma),v. Go out; come out, as
from a hut (loc. or with ku); come up,
rise, as the sun, or mealies in a field;
come forth from, leave, as a place (loc.)
when starting on a journey; come away
from, leave, as a child a school (ace, or
with loc.) or a workman a master; throw
out, as an army throwing out a flank
(ace), or a house a turret; emit, dis-
charge, as a wound blood (ace.) or a sore
matter; come out of, have done with,
sever connection with any business (loc.
or with ku); come out prematurely, as
the child (= isi-Sti) of a woman. Com p.
ngena [Ga. fruma, eome out; MZT.
sua, come out].

Ex. abantwana sebesipumile leso'siJeole, sebe-
s'emakaya, the children have now left that
school, they an' now at their homes.

amabuto onlce as'epuma impi, all the
warriors then went out in battle array, as a
fighting army.

isilonda siloku sipuma ubovu, the Bore
keeps on discharging matter.

sipume isisu ku'Bani, So-and-so has mis-
carried, lit. the womb has come out with
So-and-so.

mus'nkuy'ilokit upuma ungena, don't keep
going in and out - as of a hut, or as when
cutting a cloth in zigzag fashion.
i-mPumalanga (s. p.— loc. e-mPumalanga),
n. The place of sunrise, the east. Cp.
i-nTshonalanga; i-Ningizinur, i-Nya-
kato.
i(h)-Pumalimi (Phumalimi), n. Fat of a
whiteman ('one who comes out of his

> PU

inn standing erect'), and used by an
umtakati] Bometimes jocularly applied
to a Whiteman himself. Cp. i(U)-Dhlali-
gwavuma.
i(li)-Pumamlonyeni ( Phumamlonyeni), n.
A saying, word, remark (mostly used

by women ).

i(li)-Pumandhlini ( Phumandhlini), n.
i(li)-Pumandhlu.

i(li)-Pumandhlu (Phumandhlu), n. Woman
who has left her husband while still
living. Cp. i(li)-I>i l:n.i ; um-Felwakazi.

i-mPuma-ngingene (s.p.), n. Woman who
leaves one husband after another.

i(li)-Pumantangeni (Phumantangeni), ».
(C.N.) = i(li)-Pumandhlu.

Pumba ( Phumbha), v. become or nun
out useless, of no further good, as a
cow that no Longer bears calves, a field
whose crops have become a failure, a
new basket that has got spoilt through
being left in the open, or a youth who
has now grown Ugly (used in perl'.).
Cp. shaba; gqunqa.

i(li)-Pumbulu (Phumbhulu), n. bruit of the
following.

um-Pumbulu (Phumbhulu), n. 5. Certain
tree (Mimusops sp.) (N).

Pumela (Phumela), v. Come out at, into,
etc.; go out to stool (used mostly by
women. Comp. ngapandhle).

Ex. Icapumeli 'ndaioo, he doeso'l come
out for anywhere, any particular place
his talk has no use, no point, doesn't direct
us to anything.

Pumelela (Phumelela), v. Come clear out
of, come clearly out with, right out
with, as a word (with ku or loc.) one
seems to be quibbling over.

Pumesa (Phumesa), v. (C.N.) pumisa.

Pumesela (Phumesela), v. (C.N.) pumi-
sela.

Pumisa (Phumisa), v. Maki me or

out, as a boy i ace. | with the cattle;
hence, bring, or put out, eject, as a man
(ace. ) from a hut or spittle from the
mouth (cp. kafula, fsa/.-u); utter,
utterance tg, as a word < ace. i j bence,
pronounce; make come oul prematurely,
as the womb (isi-Stl) miscarry, or
make miscarry.

Ex. ukupumisa kwake kukodwa, hi> pronun-
ciation is different.

nku-pumisa annate, to -pit.
izinkabi tokupumisa intombi im-Be-
ko '/. v.

isi-Pumpo (Phumpu),n. bud, of a tree;
the plumule, as in a mealie or other
s 1 when just budding; sprout of

PU

516

PU

any plant when just breaking through
the ground and previous to the unfurl-
ing of the leaves, as mealies, etc.; any
'blind' i.e. block-ended, stumped (not
sharp-pointed) thing, as a stake or the
docked tail of a sheep (= isi-Putuliizi);
(C.N.) pi. izi-Pumpu, hair oil private
parts ( u(lu)-Za).

i(li)-Pumpulu (Pkwnpulu), n. = i(li)-Pu-

pulu.

Pumputa (Phumputha), v. Grope about,
as a blind man or person in the dark
[Her. potupara, be blind; pambaha,
grope ; Sw. papas'a, grope].

i-mPumpute (Pumputlie), n. Sightless or
blind person (= i-nTun,tnmezi); blind-
worm (= i-nKd mbapantsi). See pu-
mputeka.

Pumputeka (Phumputheka), v. Get grop-
ing i.e. be blind, sightless = puputeka
[Her. potupara, be blind; omu-potu,
blind man; Sw. ki-pofu, blind man].

Pumputekisa (Phumputhekisa), v. Render
one (ace.) sightless or blind.

Pumputlsa (P/iu)/iputhisa), v. Make or cause
one (ace.) to grope.

Phr. iiku-pumputisa inkosi, to make the
king grope or 'be in the dark' — a term
applied to the administration of certain me-
dicines ( see u-Doloqina ) to the Zulu king at
the time of the ulai-nyatela q. v. See qunya.

Pumu, ukuti (Phumu, ukuthi), v. Rest a
short time (properly 'during', not after),
as from any work or carrying (= pu-
mula); give a short rest, help to rest
a while, as one person another (ace.) by
temporarily relieving him at work (with
ku or nga) or of a burden (= pumuza)
[Sw. pumzika, rest; Ga. umuld],

Pumu la (Phumula), v. Rest, as during
work; rest from, as work ( loc.) [Sw.
jiumzika, rest; Ga. umula].

Pumulela (Phumulela), v. Let off one's
irritability on a person (with pezu) lit.
sit down upon him, take one's rest upon
him, as a man of an irritable nature
who, when coming home tired, generally
begins by scolding somebody.

i-mPumulo (s.p.),n. Nose — used only of
cattle and the like = i(li)-Kala [Sw.
/ma, nose; Her. e-uru, nose].

Pumuza (Phumuza), v. Rest a person (ace.)
Le. allow or help lii iti thereto; hence,
relieve him (ace.) from any work (with
nga or ku), burden, etc. = ukuti pumu.

Pumuzeka (1'humuzeka), v. Get relieved
or rested a bit, as of a burden.

Pundhla (Phundhla), v. Strip, or make a
thing (ace.) quite bare of its appendages

by removing them, as locusts stripping
a tree ( doub. ace.) of its leaves, disease
robbing a man (doub. ace.) of all his
family, or person knocking off the un-
necessary grass-tuft, etc., on a bundle of
tambootie-grass, leaving only the stalks
[Her. puha, strip off; Sw. pagua].

i-mPundhle (s.p.), n. Thing, as a tree, man,
or bundle of thatching-grass, 'stripped
clean' (see pundhla) of its leaves,
branches, offspring (i.e. without chil-
dren ), friends, or rubbish = i-mPulule,
i-n Tluzwa, u(lu)-Puya.

Pundhleka (Phundhleka), v. Get stripped,
as above; hence, be quite bare, as of
leaves, children, etc. (used in perf.).

i(li)-Pundu (Phundu), n. = i(li)-Puzu.

i-mPundu (s.j).), n. One of the posts stand-
ing on either side of the entrance to
the isi-Baya (not kraal); the smaller
lobe of a beast's liver, said to make a
man forgetful (see pundula) if he eats
it, therefore the perquisite of the old
women; a certain plant whose bulbous
root is stuck at the entrance to kraals
in order to make the abatakati forget-
ful at their evil practices (see pundula ;
i-itiFinyo ).

Ex. wadhla impundu, he ate an impundit

— said of an unusually forgetful person.
isi-Pundu (Phundu), n. Occiput, or part
at the back of the head just below the
occipital bone = isi-Nqutu. Comp. i-wC'e-
ngela, u-Mantshasa [Her. kombunda, at
the back ; Sw. ki-nundu, protuberance],

Ex. esipundu, behind one's back.

P. 'sipimdu, kawuboni, kawuna 'mehlo, back
of the head! you don't see, you have no
eyes — said to hint at something going on
behind a person's back and of which he is
unconscious.

Pundula (Phundula), v. Make a person
(ace.) forget things, as some Native
charms, etc., are supposed to be capable
of doing ( see i-mPundu ) ; lead a person
(ace.) away so that he forget himself
and make some mistake, fault, etc., being
at the time unconscious of it. Cp. finga
[Her. puruisa, forget; Ga. kudda].

Punduleka (Phunduleka), v. Get made to
forget ; get led away so as to forget
oneself, etc., as above (used in perf.).

Punga (Phunya), v. Drive off by motion-
ing, frightening, scaring, in some way, as
a fly (ace.) by flapping the tail or hand
before it, birds in a field or fowls from
grain by swinging about some scaring
thing, an undesirable visitor or proceed-
ing as a chief might by waving about
the hand, or evil influences as a doctor

\

PU 51

when sprinkling an army or kraal with
an 1-nTelezi; sip, as any hot drink (=
hwibila) [Sw. puna a, wave anything as
a signal; fuknza, drive away; Her. hi-
tu/a, drive; pukutnuna, drive out;
sung a, wave, as a handkerchief; puena,
sip; Sw. onja, sip].

Phr. uku-pimga impisi, to scare off the
hycena, i. c. to extinguish a grass-fire coin-
ing down threateningly on 11 kraal.

ulat'punga umlilola, to drive ofT ( hy me-
dicine) the evil consequences of a bad omen
that lias happened.

ixinkomo tiza 'Iciipunga imikonto, the
cattle are coming to scare oft' the assegais —
used of their habit of returning to the kraal
to rest during the afternoon. See i-mBude.

i(li)-Punga (P/iunga), n. Smell, good or
bad (elihle or clibi = u(lu)-Si); certain

/ creeping plant (Tephrosia Kraussiana),
used as an i-nTelesi for doctoring cattle
against quarter-evil, lungsickness, etc.
[Skr. put/, stink ; Ga. vumba, to have a
smell; Bo. m-zingo, smell — for inter-
change of Bo. z and Z.p, comp. pinga].

i-mPunga (Puunga), n. Any grey-coloured
thing, or with close intermixture of
black and white, as a man's hair getting
grey, a black and white speckled beast,
or • a grey cloth. Cp. i-nGwevu [Ga.
mbubi, grey; Go. buri).

i s i - P u n ga (Phunga), n. Fringe-covering
made of the dry isi-Kolokoto bulb and
worn up the arm when going out to an
um-Jadu, etc.; imitation of same made
of Berlin wool and worn by a bride at
the wedding-dance.

i(li)-Pungandhlebe (Ph ungandhlebe), n.
Headstrong, self-willed person who won't
be told = i(li)-Dhlungundhlebe; comp.
isi-Pupuma, is- A lakutshelwa.

i(li)-Pungantlola (Phungantlola), n. = i(li)-
Pingantloya.

i-mPungelo (s.p.), n. = i-nTibelo.

i(li)-Pungo (Phungo), n. Certain creeper
(C.N.) = i(li)-Punga.

isi-Pungo (Phungo), n. Any medicine taken
internally to drive off a cough or chest
complaint.

Punguka (Phunguka), v. Get withdrawn
from in order to lessen or lighten, as
an excess of beer from a pot or certain
goods from an over-heavy bundle, as
below.

Pungula (Phungula), v. Withdraw from
in order to lessen the quantity, lighten
the weight, or reduce the number of
anything, as when taking a portion out
of an over-full bucket of water (ace.) or
from an over-heavy basket of mealies

7 PU

(ace.), or when deducting some potat
or people from an excessive number;
throw off mucus, ;is a cow does per va-
ginam after having been covered (
cucuza; tuhluza) [Sw. punguza, make
less; Bo. hungua, decrease; Ga. tukur

runi, decrease; Her. pukurukua, BUD-

side, decrease].
i(li)-Pungula or Pungulo (Phungulo), /'. Any
medicine used for sprinkling in a ii"t
state over the body of a Bick person, as
below; the whole process of treatment

X.B. The medicine is boiled in a la
pot over which the patient, Beated upon a
stool of some kind, is made to -it | Closely
surrounded by grass-mate or blankets, until
he becomes thoroughly Bteamed out, the
steam being maintained hy an insertion in-
to the water of two or three large red-hof
stones. The patient is afterwards sprinkled
over the hare body with the same or another
similar decoction while boiling hot, a sprink-
ler being made of a small hunch of the
leafy stalks of the umQunya, iOimamlilo,
uMagwanyana and other herbs, whose pro-
perty is said to be to render the boiling-
water painless. The object U probably to
excite heat in the body and consequent
perspiration, which would of course be
highly beneficial in cases of rheumatism,
though strange to say, the treatment La most-
ly administered in cases of insanity. The
theory of the vapour-hath is not understood
by the Native doctor, and yet by this prac-
tice he is said to experience good results.
He supposes the curative property to be in
the mere sprinkling of the medicine; but
tradition has taught him that this sprinkling
must be of the liquid when very hot and
the patient must meanwhile be closely packed
between mats or blankets, which would
naturally retain a good deal of the -team
and body-heat. Infant- are also frequently
steamed (and smoked i out in a similar way.

um-Pungulelo (Phungulelo), y>. .',. An /'//>■
Pungulo, withdrawn for any particular
person or purpose.

Phr. uSibanibani kasilali 'tnpunguleltteni,

So-and-so is never left out ol the landing i. t.
is in every scrape, is always with the bad
lot, See isi-Dumo.

um-Pungulo (Phungulo), n. 5. That which
is withdrawn from anything in order to
lessen its bulk, lighten its weight, or
reduce its number.

isi-Pungumangati (Phungumangati), ».
African Crested Eagle (LophocettU OCCU
pitalis)\ chrysalis (of any 'moving' kind)
both of these are applied to by herd-
boys to know whereabout the cattle are.
or by a child when its mother is late in

PU

518

PU

coming home in the evening, the motion
of the crest or the wagging of the ex-
tremity giving the direction.

Ex. we! 'sipungwnangati, umame ungapi?
I say, sipungtimangati, whereabouts is my
mother?

um-Pungupungu (s.p.),n.5. Large tree,
with white soft wood, growing in coast
districts = um-Mbila.

i-mPungushe (s.p.),n. Black-baeked Jackal
ti'tuiis mesomelas) and Side-striped J.
(C.adustus) = i(li)-Kanka. Cp. isirNei
[Her. o-mbungu, hycena; o-mbandye,
jackal; Sw. ki-ngubwa, hyoena],

isi-Punuka fs.p.; s. k.), n. Young person,
hoy or girl, with plump handsome body.

Punyu. ukuti (Phunyu, uhuthi),v. Slip out
of the grasp, as a pot or smooth stick
from between the hands or fingers, or
a boy from the hands of a person seeking
to hold him (comp. hlubuka) or an
idumbi or pea from out of its skin or
shell when pressed; get slipped or pro-
jected out of their sockets, as big or
staring eyes; get bared, or be bare of
hair, as a shaven head = punyuka;
make slip out, as a dumbi from its skin
or pea (ace.) from its shell; make slip
out, i. e. bare of hair, as disease or shav-
ing = punyuza; make slip out or away
(metaphor.), as a boy (ace.) from a
man's grasp, or an axe-handle from the
socket = punyula[Sw. /?o«yo/ca, slip from ;
Her. <>rti-nguza, bare-skinned thing].

i-m Punyu (s.p.), n. = i-mPunyunga.

Punyuka (Phunyuka), v. = ukuti punyu.

Punyu la (Phunyula), v. = ukuti punyu.

i - m P u n y u n g a (s.p.), n. Smooth-surfaced
thing, as it were, slippery to the grasp
(see ukuti punyu), as a hairless head,
a kidney, a young hairless rabbit just
born, etc.; large protruding eye, as
though about to slip out; utterly desti-
tute person without offspring, wife,
property, etc. = i-mPu, i-mPunyu; cp.
i(li)-Mpu; u(lu)-Mpu; i-Ny abide.

Punyuza ( Phunyuza), v. = ukuti punyu.

Punza (Phunza), v. Abort or miscarry
the young (ace.) (only used of animals).
Comp. pupuma [Sw. pooza, abortive;
Her. o-nguza, fetus of animal; Ga.
lu-butu, womb or fetus; Sw. tumbo,
worn!) or fetus].

i-mPunza (s.p.),n. (C.N.) = i-mP>iza.
i-mPunzi (s. p.), n. Common grey or

duiker-buck (Cephalophus grimmi) =

u(lu)-Hlaza.

isi-Punzi (I'lninzi), n. Stump of a tree left
looted in the ground when the top has

been cut off; short stump of a stick;
stump or root-end cut off a stalk of
intfe = isi-Pinzi. Comp. isi-Godo; isi-
Qu [Her. otyi-pute, stump of tree; Sw.
ki-gutu, stump of limb].

um-Punzo (Phunzo), n. 5. Aborted foetus.

Phr. esonipimxo isituta, a spirit of an

aborted foetus — said contemptuously of the
iilhlo:i of an infant, a miserable thing
without any power, that can he of no
appreciable help to one— might be applied
by a man to the spirit that has just man-
aged to pull him through some danger after
having rendered very feeble miserable assis-
tance !

i(li)-Punzu (Phunzu),n. (C.N.) — i(U)-Puzu.

Pupa (Phupha), v. Dream ; dream any parti-
cular object, etc., as a palace (ace); talk
imaginary or nonsensical 'rot' ; be quite
stale and flavourless, as old beer ( used
j in perf.); become quite 'white' i.e. a
. dirty grey from loss of original colour,
as some washed-out prints, or a woman's
isidwaba, or the body of a Native when
sickly or unwashed ( not merely to 'fade'
or lose colour — see pila, papateka). Cp.
wukuza [Lat puto, I think].

Phr. uyapupa nelanga nje, he is just dream-
ing in the day-time i. e. talking nonsense.

N.B. A woman, say the Natives, when
about to conceive i. e. during the first and
second months after intercourse, is troubled
with incessant dreams. Should she about
this time dream of a green or black snake,
or a buffalo, etc., she will conceive a male
child; but if she dream of a puff-adder, that
she is crossing a full-river, etc., she will
conceive a female child.

i-mPupamini (Puphamini), n. Idiot, lunatic
or insane person of a harmless quiet
disposition (cp. u(lu)-Hlanya), lit. a day-
dreamer = isi-Pukeqe.

um-Pupe (Phuphe), n. 5. Person or thing
that has become 'white' i. e. a dirty
grey, with no 'colour' in it, as the body
of an unhealthy Native or an old un-
oiled isidwaba; person of dull intellect,
naturally simple, like a grown-up child
( cp. isi-Poxo ).

i(li)-Pupo (Phupho),n. Dream; (N) medi-
cinal charm used by young-men to make
the girls dream of them, etc.

Pu pu, ukuti (Phii phu, ukuthi), v. = pu-
]>uza.

i(li)-Pupu (Phuphu), n. Fledgling or young-
one of a bird when feathered and just
able to fly about the nest. Comp. is-
Ayoyo, i(li)-Tshivele.

i-mPupu (Puphu), n. Anything ground
fine, — hence, mealie-meal; flour; pow-

PU

519

PU

/

der, of any kind (Ba. ttibii, meal; X<>.
guba, to grind; Chw. bu-pi, meal; Sw.
uvumbi, powder; At. yefot, meal].
i(li)-Pupulu (Phuphulu), n. Wild young
rascal, as a boy whose whereabouts can
never be trusted, he generally being
engaged in some mischief or other.

Pupuma (Phupkuma), v. Overflow, as

water from a bucket or river, or when

boiling in a pot (= cicimu, hlihlima);

I to come out prematurely, as the child

/ (with isi-Su) of a woman, whether ms

,' an abortion (a mere i-illulc, clol of
blood) or as a miscarriage with a fully
formed ftetus (= puma; cp. punza);

\ break impetuously out of a hut, or away
from a party, as when displeased with

J something [Her. pupisa, overflow; Sw.
tutuma, bubble upj.

Ex. sipupumile isisu ku'Bani, the womb
has aborted or miscarried with So-and-so.
isi-Pupuma (Phuphuma), n. Impetuous
person, doing recklessly, unable to be
held back. Com p. i(li)-Pungandhlebe.

isi-Pupupu (Phuphuphu), n. Beer that
easily froths up when stirred; also =
isi-Pupuma; (C.N.) fine, smooth hair.

i(li)-Pupusi (Phuphusi), n. Swelling or
lump caused by a blow, swollen bruise
anywhere on the body. Coinp. l(li)-Tu-
bela; um-Vimbi.

Puputeka (Phuphtitheka), v. = pumputeka.

isi-Puputo (Phuphutho),n. Thing made
up of only one kind (of things which
are generally made up of a mixed varie-
ty), as a bead-belt all of one colour, or
any 'beany' food cooked alone without
an admixture of mealies, etc.

Pupuza (Phuphuza), v. Froth up, as beer,
or milk when boiling (= pukuzela);
froth over with 'talk', become very
talkative, as a man when somewhat
intoxicated ; flap the wings (ace), as a
cock, or bird in a trap (— bubuza).

Pupuza (s.p.),v. Discharge watery stools
continuously, as one with long-standing
diarrhoea.

Puqu, ukuti (Phuqu, ukuthi), v. Throw
out, throw off, discharge — see puquza;
get thrown out or off, or discharged -
see puquka.

Ex. ifimi enga/mxala puqu, it is I who
gave birth to him, throwing him out — said
By a woman who is the actual mother of a
child, t^ee piqi.

Puquka (Phuquka), v. Get discharged, as
matter from an abscess; get discharged
of matter (ace), as the abscess itself;
get thrown out, as sawdust by a saw

or imPehlwa insect when working;

thrown off, as smoke from a pipe or
firebrand, or dust from a -ark .,f Qour
when shaken; gel discharged <>r. a- ihe
pipe of smoke (ace.), or the sack of duel
when shaken; gel thrown up or raised,
as a dust by children dancing, <>c when
sweeping a room; gel ground into a
dusty meal or powder, as dry corn <>r
medicine.

im-Puqumpuqu (a.p.),n. Anything of a
fine-ground, dry powdery nature, Buch

as would readily raise a dust if disturb-
ed; thing of such a nature as to be
readily reduced into dust or powder, or
of a 'floury' nature as some potatoes;
used of an idiot or lunatic, 'nothing but
dust,' See puquza.

Puquza (I'huquza), v. Discharge, as an
abscess matter (ace); throw out, as a
saw or imPehlwa insect does sawdust
(ace) when working; throw off, as a
pipe or firebrand does smoke (ace.), or
as a sack of flour does dust when
shaken; throw up or raise, as a dust
(ace) when dancing or sweeping a
room (= buquza); grind anything dry
(ace) into a dusty meal or powder, as
dry corn, or medicine.

Puquzeka (Phuquzeka), v. Get made dis-
charge, throw off, throw out, or throw
up, as above.

um-Puqwane (s. />.), u. 5. Variety of sweet-
potato of a 'floury' nature, liked by tin-
Natives. Comp. i(li)-T8huza, eta

Purru, ukuti (Phhrru, ukuthi), >'. ukuti

puhlu.
Purruka (Phurruka), v.=puhluka.
Purruza (Phurruza), v.=puhluza.

Pusa (Phusa),v. Cease suckling, Le. dry
up, cease to give milk, as a cow; cease
sucking, as a calf when grown up ( comp.
lumula); (C.N.) hold back, demur
epusa.

i-mPusela (8.p.),n. Calf that has already
left off sucking.

Pusha (Phusha), r. I'uff away, as a boiling
pot puffing out steam (ace.) below the
lid (cp. ukuti qushu)', puff out a lot of
windy, senseless talk; pinch away at a
person (ace.) with an i(li)-Pusho q.v.;
be good for nothing, bad, flavourless, as
snuff (see isi-Pusha).

\si-Pusha(P/iNs//ii), n. Had, flavourless snuff.

i(li)-Pusho <»r Pushu (Phusho). n. A pinch-
ing of the flesh of another between
the flat side of the thumb and forefinger
(with ukw-ema or uku-dhla), as old Na-
tive women have the habit of doing when

PU

520

PU

punishing a naughty child who may have
got into their hands, or women one with
another when fighting. See pusha; cp.
tapunana; ntinza.

Pushu, ukuti (Phushu, ukuthi), v. = pushu-

ka; pushuza.
Pushuka (Phushuka), v. Get eaten, as an

i-mPushumpushu.

i-mPushumpushu (s.p.),n. Any food-stuff
of a crispily-soft, mealy, i'lonry nature,
as boiled potatoes, peas boiled and
broken up into a dry mash, or boiled
liver when eaten eold and dry. See
push ma.

Pushuza (Phushuza), v. Eat anything
( ace. ) of the nature of an i-mPushu-
mpushu ; talk truthless stuff.

Puta (Putha), v. Fail — in a broad general
sense, usually followed by a qualifying
verb in the infinitive, though frequently
standing alone, the sense being judged
from the context (used in pert". ); hence,
fail to do, omit, as to go to the court,
or to milk the cows; fail to be present,
to be wanting or absent, as a boy from
school or church; fail to come up to
standard, get short, get behind, get
backward, as trees that have been
eaten off by locusts and have to start
growth again, afield that has not thrown
up its due number of seedlings, or a
man with his work from being interrupt-
ed or delayed; fail to receive, come
short, get left out, as people receiving
nothing at a distribution, or mealie-sacks
left over with not a sufficient supply to
fill them also [Sw. pitiwa, behindhand;
Her. put urn, failj.

Ex. ngipute ukuya ecaleni namhki, I have
omitted attending at the lawcase to-day.

uTobi uputile namhla esikoleni, Tobi was
ahsent to-day from school.

ngiputile kulo'nisebenzi, ngaputiswa u/mfo-
/.",';, r have got behind with this work, I
was delayed by a stranger.

baputile laba. kdbatolcmga Unto, these have
(miim' short, they have received nothing.

i(li)-Puta (Phutha)tn. = um-Puta.

isi-Puta (Phutha),n. One who has not
had the ears bored, according to Native
custom; deaf person {isi-Tulu); one who
doesn't hear when told, disobedient per-
il = isi-Cute.

um-Puta (Phutha), n. 5. Mealie or amabele
plant when bearing only a poor, grain-
less ear = i(li)-Puta.

Puta puta, ukuti (Phutha phutha, ukuthi),
v. putaza.

Putaputa (Phiithaphutha), v. = putaza.

Putaza (Phuthaza), v. Feel about lightly
with extended fingers on any place, or
on any body or article (ace), as when
feeling for something lost in the grass,
or a bundle to see what is therein, or a
girl's body with curiosity = ukuti puta
puta [Sw. papasa, feel about for].

Putisa (Phuthisa), v. Cause to fail, be
wanting or absent, omit, be behindhand,
be left short, etc., in any way, as above
— see puta.

Putshu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s.t.), v. =pu-
tshuka; putshuza.

Putshuka (s.p.; s.t.), v. Rush out, as beer
through a hole in the bottom of the
i-mBiza, watery stools of a diarrhoea,
a thief caught in a room or one leaving
it hastily in an angry temper, or as bad
lying talk from the mouth = paquluka;
ukuti putshu; cp. huluka; hushuka.

Putshuza (s.p.; s. t.), v. Make rush out, as
above.

Putu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.; s. t.), v. = putuka;
putuza; ukuti tubu.

Putu, ukuti (Phuthu, ukuthi), v. = putuka;
putula; putuza; putuma.

i(li)-Putu (Phuthu), 7i. Agitated haste, flurry,
impetuosity = ama-Wala. Cp. i(li)-Tata
[Her. tupuka, hasten].

Ex. uneputu (or unamawala), he is impet-
uous, thoughtlessly hasty (in doing anything).
kahle! iputu, gently! with your impetuous-
ness = don't he in such a hurry.

u(lu)-Putu (Phuthu), n. Mealie-meal cooked
with very little water so as to form
soft thick paste (N. mod.) = um-Poto-
hana, u-Zolo.

Putuka (s.p.; s. L; s. k.), v. Get crumbled,
as below — see putuza; be of a crum-
bleable nature = tubuzeka.

Putuka (Phuthuka), v. Get chafed or graz-
ed, as below.

Putukeza (I'huthukeza), v. = ukuti pututu.

Putukezi, ukuti (Phuthukezi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti pututu.

Putula (Phuthula), v. Chafe, graze, rub off
or scrape off the superficial skin, as
when the corner of a bench scrapes the
shin, or a saddle-girth a horse's side.

Putuleka (Phuthuleka), v. = putuka (phu-
thuka).

Putuluka (Phuthuluka), v. Get shaved, as
below = putuluzeka.

Putuluza (Phuthuluza), v. Just shave, touch
very slightly or nearly, as a stone (nom.)
might a person's head (ace.) or a bird,
or as might the person (nom.) who
throws the stone; or when grabbing at

/

y

i only of course in case of

urgent

langcr).

imamba emnyama kayiputwiyelwa, a black
mamba is not hastened for, i. e. the speedy
fa tain ess of the poison renders it useless for
one to so bother himself.

isi-Putumane (Phuthumane), n. Veldt plant
(Aloe Cooperi) growing in marshy
places, having a red flowering raceme,
and used as fibre = isi-Pukutivane,
i-n Qimindolo, isi-Kupushane.

i-mPutumputu (s.p.; s.t.),n. Anything of
a dry crumbling nature, as a lump of
sandy soil, or piece of coarse dry bread.
See putuza.

Putu putu, ukuti (Phuthu phuthu, ukuthi),
v. = putuma.

i(li) or ama-Piituputu (Phut hup hut hu),n.

= i(li)-Piitu, (ima-Wala.

Pututu, ukuti (Phuthuthu, ukuthi), r. Make
an impetuous, hasty, but ineffectual grab
or attempt to catch at a thing (ace.) =
ukuti putukezi; putuza; cp. ukuti pulala.

i(li)-Pututu (Phuthuthu), n. Impetuous, over-
hasty, and ineffectual grab or attempt
to catch a thing. Comp. i(li)-Pulala.

Ex. ngadimde ngabamba ipututu, I merely
made a hasty, profitless snatch.

Putuza (Phuthuza), v. = pututu ; putuzela;

ukuti pututu.
Putuza (s.p.;s.t.),v. Crumble (trans.), as

PU 521

a thing (ace), or striking at it with a

stick ukuti putuluzi. Op. putula.
Putuluzeka (Phuthuluzeka), v. Gel shaved,

as above putuluka.
Putuluzi, ukuti (Phuthuluzi, ukuthi), v. —

putuluza.

isi-Putuluzi (Phuthuluzi), n. Any stumped,
docked, not-pointed thing, as a stake or
cow's tail = isirPumpu.

um-Putuluzo (Phuthuluzo), n. ■'>. Slight
scratch or 'shaving' graze, as of a stick-
thrown or aimed at one.

Putuma (Phuthuma), v. Hasten or hurry
along after some urgent aim or object
(ace), as to help a person (ace.) in
danger, save goods from fire, or to catch
a person (ace.) before he leaves home;
hasten or hurry along with means (with
infinitive) to attain any of these objects,
as when hastening to send a messenger
with notice of alarm == ukuti putu putu.
Cp. i(li)-Putu; putuzela.

Ex. ngiyaputmna umlungu, engakahambi,
I am hastening to the whiteinau before he
leaves.

bayaputuma umlilo, they are hurrying
along to a fire (to put it out).

ngaputuma ukuyisa incwadi enkosini, I
hastened to send a letter to the magistrate

PU

a piece of dry earth (ace.)
fingers, or a piece of dry
buza.

bel >■
bread

the

In

putuka (phu-
walazela, pu-
= i(li)-Wala-

Putuzeka (s.p./s. t.;8. k.), v. Gel crumbled,
as above putuka.

Putuzeka (Phuthuzeka). v.

tli it ha).

Putuzela (Phuthuzela), v.
tuza (phuthuza).

isi-Putuzeli (Phuthuzeli), n.
wala.

i(li)-Putwa (Phuthwa), n. Certain thorn-tree

on which the um-Fece is commonly
found.

u(lu)-Puya (Phut/a), >'. i-mPundhle.

Ex. uku-hlala 'lupuya, to be or live in »
'bare, naked' fashion, without wife, children,
cattle, etc.

Puza (Phuuza),v. Drink ( sela)\ eal
certain kinds of soft juicy Foods (ace),
as a piece of fat, or thin amasi; be Blow
or late in doing any work (with infin.
epuza); delay to do any work (with
infin. = epuza) [Skr. pd, and pi, drink;
O.B. piti, to drink; Lu. nuo, drink;
Sw. poza, to water; nywa, drink; Ga.
tua, delay; Log. sit, drink; Ha. so, drink].

Phr. seioangipux'inyongo, yon drank me
my bile (so as to ;_ret influence or superiority
— uku-tonya over me - you want to
the mastery over me, to ur.* i n an overpower-
ing influence over me, obtain greater in-
fluence than I. See tom/a.

bayapuxana inyongo, they are drinking
one another's bile i.e. each striving to gain
superiority {uku-tonya) over the other.

i-mPuza (s. />.), //. Eruption of small dry
pimples all over, or anywhere on, the
body (perhaps from prurigo, or lichen ).

Puzaneka (Phuzaneka), v. Get baulked, or
suddenly frustrated, as by the sudden

appearance of a snake on tl ther side

when springing over a ditch, or by the
sudden interpassage of somebody when
making a grab at anything, or by the
interruption of a person when counting
= pazaneka; pataneka.

Puzanekisa (Phuzanekisa), v. baulk, as

above.
u(lu)-Puzela, n. (C.N.) u(lu)-Buzela.

i(li)-Puzi (Phuzi), u. Certain kind of light-
yellow, course-flcslied Native pumpkin
i.e. the fruit thereof (see u(lu)-Pu
hence, anything of a similar light-yellow
colour; certain kind of small light-yellow
beads (collect.); one of the small lumps

formed in mealie or mabele meal when
ground dry on the Native grinding-stone

[ iva. I'uji, pumpkin; Sw. boy a].

PU 52

i-mPuzi (Puuzi). n. = isi-Puzi.
isi-Puzi (Phuuzi), n. A great drinker i.e.

drinking much (but not a drunkard) =

i-mPuzi, i-nTseli; a slow, dilatory actor

or door.
u(lu)-Puzi (I'ltuzi), n. Seed, or the whole

plant, producing the i(li)-Puzi pumpkin.

Puzisa (Phuuzisa), v. Give one a drink of
anything (doub. ace.); take to drink,
give to drink, as animals (ace).

i(li)-Puzu (Phuzu), )>. Knot, protuberance

2 0 QA

or hard bump, on a tree, wooden post,
ill-formed skull, or uneven clay-floor;
hence, knot in a sawn board; small knoll
or protuberance jutting out on a hill-
side; hitch, hindrance arising in any
work = i(li)-Quzu, i(li)-Hluzu, i(li)-Pu-
ndu.

i(li)-Pwanyazi n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Panyazi.

Pwapwa, v. (C.N.) = papa.

Pwiqila, v. (C.N.) = twiqila.

i(li)-Pwiti,7i. (C.N.) = i(li)-Piti.

Q.

Qis used in Zulu to represent the palatal
click of which there are four varieties —
I 1 l, the palatal click simple, represented by
the letter </, as in the word <j(il<r,a (stare
about 1 : (2), the aspirated palatal click repre-
sented by a qh, as in the word qhalaxa (be-
have in a bold, impudent manner); (3), a hard
liquid palatal click, represented by the combin-
ation gq, as in the word isi-gqala (cow with
little milk 1; (4), a soft liquid palatal click,
likewise represented by a gq, as in the word
i-nGqondo ( sense 1 — the difference between
these last two varieties being sufficiently mark-
ed by the fact that the latter or softer kind
only occurs after an n, immediately preceding
it in the same syllable, the sound beiug found
mostly in words of which the radical really
commences with a q, but the sound of which
has now become tempered down or softened
by the nasal ring of the n preceding it. It
must be noted, however, that there are some
words in which the simple palatal click, writ-
ten with a q. also follows immediately after
an // in the same syllable, and without having
sound affected in any way; but in such
-. it may be regarded as more probable
that the n is, along with the q, an intrinsic
part of the original root, and is not a subse-
quently added prefix, as, for instance, in the
word i-nQama or i-Nqama (ram).
Qa (Qha), adv. No; sometimes used ellip-
tically to express 'Not at all!', 'By no
means!', 'It's altogether too much!', 'I
never saw the like of it!', 'There's no j
denying it!' etc.; used also at the com- j
menceinent of an address to lower ex- j
pectation, fear, etc. — this is the common
negative in use in Zululand, where the
cha of Natal is practically unknown,
save among children and females, who
also frequently use a form nca [Skr. na,
not; Lat. ne; Eng. no; Ar. Id; Ya. nga;
'/.'■. kha; Kam. nkha; 7A. nda; Khu. bed;
K". f'fni; Sw. ahaa; Be. aha; Ga. aa;
Sha. 8ho; Kag. ngo; Ngu. sivo; Kamb.
tiwo; Bo. chuu; Chw. che — the particle

qha is probably only a variation of the
adverb nga, not].

Ex. qa! ngixa 'kubika umnumxana nje,
ukuti uy'exa, it's nothing! I've just come
to report that the umnumxana is coming.

ngabona ukuti qa! kungelunge kunjalo, I
saw that, it's no good, it cannot be arranged
in that way.
Qa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Catch sudden or
unexpected sight of a thing i. e. catch
the first glimpse of it (ace.) as it ap-
pears = qabuka.

Ex. ngati uba ngimuti qa, erre ngomgica-
qu, when I caught sight of him, coming
along the road.

Qa, ukuti (Qha, ukuthi), v. Do, or be done,
completely; finish off, or be finished,
completely, as one's supply of food or
snuff; be thoroughly dry, as fresh mea-
lies, or a hide; be thoroughly wise, or
clever in a perfect degree (cp. ukuti
nkwe; ukuti du; ukuti nya); also =
qaza (qhaza).

Ex. soivomile soicute qa, they (the mea-
lies) are already perfectly dry.

sowupelile trati qa, they are entirely dried
up i. e. finished off.

uhlalcanipile ute qa, he is out and out
clever.
i(li)-Qa (Qha),n. A complete clearing out
of anything, nothing further being left,
everything being entirely gone (= i(li)-
Geqe, umu-Qa — but only used adver-
bially as ngeqa, ngegeqe, ngomuqa, as
below ).

Ex. safiku ngeqa (or ngegeqe or ngomuqa),
we arrived when there was nothing more
(ot the meat, grain, etc.) left, all having
been cleared away, sold out, etc.

us'efika ngeqa, iaitimela scsihambilc, he just
arrived too late, the train having already left.

i(li)-Qa (with plur.>, n. Piece or small
lump of anything, as meat, honey-comb,
clay, etc. *—

s

QA 523

isi-Qa, n. Substance of anything (C.N.).

isi-Qa (Qha), u. Dog of the common Na-
tive kind, somewhat resembling a grey-
hound mongrel, of no particular breed
nor usefulness; a cur [see i-Nja].

umu-Qa (Qha), u. 5. = i(li)-Qa (Qha);
also (N. fr.Xo.) tree-rabbit.

ubu-Qa (Qha), )/. Fastidiousness, disdain-
fulness, as to clothes, food, or in the
choice of a sweetheart. Comp. ubu-Nyolo.

Qaba, ukuti (Qabha, ukuthi sometimes
8. 1).), i'. Patter, as drops of rain on a
window or roof; drop with a pattering
noise, as a rain-drop; give a person
(ace.) a mere drop i.e. a single very
small quantity, as of porridge (with
nga), snuff, etc. (= ukuti gqobi) —
ukuti paqa, qabaza.
i-nQaba, n. — see i-Nqaba.
u-Qabane, n. Diamond pattern, in bead-
work. See um-Cijwane.
Qabateka (Qabatheka), v. Eagerly desire,
as to quickly reach a place, to go some-
where, etc.; have a strong yearning for
a thing (obj. or ela form with ace), as
for meat, snuff, etc.
Qabavu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Surpass, exceed,
in beauty, size, height, abundance, etc.
(= ukuti tutu); be plainly visible, con-
spicuous, as a kraal or path (= qama,
gqava).
um-Qabavu, n. 5. Path plainly visible,

broad or unhidden by grass.
Qabavula, v. Make a row or great noise,
rave about, as a women scolding vehe-
mently ; be agitated, restless, as a person
whom the pain of some complaint de-
prives of rest or causes to get up and
walk about; also = gadabula.
Qabaza (Qabhaza ; sometimes s. b.), v. =

uktiti qaba.
isi-Qabeto or Qabetwa (<J<ibetlio), n. Com-
mon large-sized shallow basket of Na-
tive women = i(li)-Qoma [Sw. ki-kapo.
basket; Ga. foibo, large shallow basket].
i(li)-Qabi, n. Leaf of a tree (— i(li)-Qabu-
//</«, i(li)-Kasi); tale-bearer, untrustable
talker who can't keep a matter to him-
self (= i(li)-Kasi); small herd or drove
of cattle, goats, etc., collected together
in a group, perhaps a dozen or two (=
i(H)-Qakamba; cp. i(li)-Hlokova) ; (N)
a 'green', unsophisticated person [Ar.
wara'a, leaf; Hi. pakkrl, leaf; Reg.
lulala, leaf; Her. e-pa, leaf].
u-Qabikulu (Qabikhulu), n. = u-Kasikulu.
Qabo (Qhabo), adv. intensified form of Qa.
Qabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. - </<n'>/t/r<r, ukuti
qa, qabula.

QA

Qabuka (a. k.),V. Catch the fir- 1 Bight of
a thing i.e. have the first Budden ap-
prehension of ii> presence or appear-
ance; hence, sci' for the first time, as a
person (ace.) or wonderful thing; BUd-
donly Or unexpectedly find on-self doing

something, to chance (with uku)\ come
to, conic to one'.-; senses, as after a faint
Or -late of mental insensibility; gel tic

senses, feelings, or apprehension quick-
ened or invigorated, as by a pinch of
snuff or a little food.

Ex. ngaqabuka ukuyibona nje, I became
suddenly cognisaul "t ii, I all at once chanced
to sec it i.e. 1 found or came across it by
chance.

ngiyamqabuka namhlanje, I see him fur
the first time to-day.

ngaqabuka sengipakati, I came to when I
was already in it i.e. I didn't realise the
thing, I was not aware of anything, till I
found myself in the midst of it.

umximba soiouqabukile, my In. civ i- now
refreshed or revived (by the food 1 have
taken i.

Qabukisa (s.k.),v. = <inl>iiln.

Qabula,/*. Quicken, refresh, wake up, ex-
cite new life and activity in the dormant
senses, as the eyes (ace.) by taking a
pinch of snuff, the wearied body (ace.)
by taking a bath, or the mouth (ace)
in the morning or after a journey i. e.
after it has been lying idle, by a little
food; wake up or revive oneself from
the stupefying effects of beer (ace),
sleep, etc., as by taking some kind of
refresher.

Ex. uku-qabula amate, to refresh the spit-
tle = to gratify the appetite or desire slight-
ly, just give it a taste, as a temporary Balve.
uku-qabula ubutongo, to waken up sleep-
iness i.e. to put animation into the si
senses, driving sleep away, as one might do
by taking a pinch of -null'.

uku-qabula umuntu, to revise or refresh
a person who is depressed by Borne worry
or affliction, by helping him a little in his
difficulty, mediating tor him. etc.

Qabulisa, v. Help a person (ace) to quicken
or refresh his senses (ace.), by giving
him snuff, food, etc.

i(li)-Qabunga, //. Leal', of a tree i(U).
Qabi, i(U)-Kasi.

i(li)-Qabuqabu, n. Child first born to a
man i.e. by his first wife; similarly of
a woman;' any curiosity, strange or
wonderful thing seen for the first time.

um-Qadi, u. .',. Principal cross-beam in a
hut (C.N. fr. Xosa).

u-Qadolo (no />//<>:), n. Black Jack ( Bidi ns
pilosa), the common field weed, who--

QA

seeds stick into one's clothes when
going among it - eaten when young as
vminno = u-Cucuza, u-Gamfc. See um-
Hlabangubo.
i(li)-Qadu (Qhadu), n. Finished thing, no-
thing being left of it, as one's supply
of grain, or cattle; thing or person no
longer existing, as one who goes out to
war and does uot afterwards return
Ik line, having been killed. See i(li)-Qha.

ama-Qafukana (Qhctfukana — no sing.,), n.

Little ugly, ill-formed, dirty-looking thing
used contemptuously of a person, in

form of adj.
ama-Qafuqafu (Qhafuqhafu - no sing..), n.

Coarsely ground meal, or other similar

husky substance = i-nQavunqavu.

i-nQafunqafu, n. = ama-Qafuqafu.

Qafuza (Qhafuza), v. = gqakaza.

i(li)-Qaga (Qhaaga), n. Calabash with the
head cut off so as to leave only the
large body of the vessel, and used for
beer or water (= i(li)-Gobongo, isi-Xa-
pa ) ; big, hard-blown, round lump of a
belly (cp. um-Qwaku).

Qagela, v. = qandela.

Qaka, ukuti (Qhaka, ukuthi), v. Be white,
as the land with a frost, a tree with
blossoms, the sky with many stars; make
be white, as above = ukuti qwa, ukuti
mfe, ukuti hu; qakaza; qakazisa.

Phr. uku-wa-ti qaka amehlo, to protrude
the eyes, showing the whites of the eye-
balls, as when staring in anger = uku-
dontsa amehlo.

Qaka (s. Jr.), v. Menstruate — this being the
proper word for the function, it is not
liked, and is therefore in conversation
replaced by euphemisms, such as, most
commonly, geza, potela, pambuka, all of
which may be used in respectable so-
ciety.

Oakala (s. k.), v. Begin, set about, embark
<>n any work (ace.) or plan on one's
own initiative, without being told or
sent by anyone; start a thing (ace.) of
oneself, of one's own accord; provoke
a person (ace.) to quarrel or fight (=

i(li)-Qakala (s. k.), n. Ankle-bone [Gr. an*
kulos, ankle; karpos, wrist; Ar. kajb,
ankle],

i(li)-Qakamba (Qakambha), n. Small herd
or cluster of cattle collected together (=
i(li)-Qabi, i(li)-Qokomba)', sharp, crafty,
i. bold, insolent fellow.

u(lu)-Qakamela (Qhakamela), n. Very tall
person.

i-nQakanqaka (s.k.),n. = i-nQavunqavu.

524 QA

Qakanyeka (Qhakanyeka), v. Shudder, give
a sudden shiver, as from cold or a fright-
ful thought or nasty medicine = hla-
kanyeka, hlasimula.

Qakaqa (s. k.), v. Ornament the body, as
girls do, by cutting patches of incisions

about the body, or as the ama-Ntle-
nga about the face, or as a woman does
on the first menstruation of her first-
born child by smearing spots of black
or red colouring over her face and
body. Cp. cakaza.

i-nQakaqa (s. k.), n. — i-nGqukuqa.

Qaka qaka, ukuti (Qhaka qhaka, ukuthi),
v. = ukuti gqaka gqaka.

Qakata, ukuti (Qhcikatha, ukuthi), v. Grip
hold of, seize with a sharp firm grasp,
as one might a thief (ace.) or a goat =
ukuti xakata, uktiti dhlakata.

\(\\)-Qakaia(Qakatha), n. Small ball-shaped,
lump of a thing, as an apple, reel of
cotton, ball of string, bullet, or drop
of rain on the window-sash or sweat on
the body = i(li)-Nqakadi; cp. i-mBu-
mbulu; i-nDilinga; um-Cimbi.

isi-Qakati (Qakathi), n. = isi-Qwanqiva.

Qakatisa (Qhakathisa), v. Expose openly
anything (ace.) so that it be seen, ad-
mired, observed, etc., as one might some
fine ornament, or as a thoughtless per-
son might beer which it was intended
should be kept private.

Qakatisi, ukuti (Qhdkathisi, ukuthi), v. =

ukuti qakata.
i-nQakava (s. k.), n. = i-nGqukuqa.

Qakaza (Qhakaza), v. Put on whiteness,
as a tree blossoming, grass going to
seed, or a man turning grey (= ukuti
qaka, kahlela); go forth as young men
from a bridegroom's kraal to the kraals
of the bride's people, beating together
stones held in the hands, as a sign to
them to prepare beer for the approach-
ing wedding; also = gqakaza; also
(C.N.) dance quietly, prettily [Her. o-
ngara, blossom].

Phr. wob'upeka, etc, kwoxa kuqakaze uNo-
ngkli, you will be cooking (or doing any-
thing else) as long as Nongidi (a certain
hill in Zululand which presents a white ap-
pearance) shall be getting white, i.e. for
ever, you will never be done with it, etc.;
or used generally to express determination,
persevering continuation, etc.

um-Qakazo (Qhakazo), n. 5. White blos-
som, flower, or seed tuft, as of any plant
or grass; also = um-Gqakazo; also
(C.N.) pretty quiet dance.

Qakelisana (s.k.),v. = qakulisana.

QA

525

QA

i(li)-Qakelo (s.k.),u. Disease of the womb
accompanied by profuse menstrual flow
possibly caused by fibroid tumours in
the uterus, but popularly supposed to
l»e caused by the secret administration,
by some umtakati, of the i-qako lemfe-
ne; also proper name of the menstrual
tampon, euphemised as isirVatO q. v.
See i(ll)-Qangane.

i(li)-Qako (s.k.),n. Menstrual discharge
of females. See isirLisa.

Qakulisana (s. k.), v. Play at fighting with
sticks, as a couple of boys = qakelisa-
na, qakuzana.

Qakuzana (s.k.),v. — qakulisana.

u-Qakuzana (s.k.),n. A playing or sham-
fight with sticks, as between two boys
(with ukivenza).

Qala, v. Begin, commence, start a thing
(ace); give another (ace.) cause to fight
or quarrel by provoking or abusing him
(= pobola, vubula) [Ar. sharaj, begin;
Her. uta; Ka. tanga — proh. akin to
ukuti qa].

Ex. ukufa kwangiqala ngis'eTekwini, the
sickness begau with me while I was iu
Durbau.

itBuiti uyangiqala, So-and-so is provoking
me (iu the Native mind, of course, always
to fight).
i-nQala, n. = i-Nqala.

um-Qala, n. 5. Neck

ra'aba, neck].
uku-Qala, n. Beginning; commencement.

Ex. umuntu wobuqala, the person of the
beginning — used in this manner to express
'first.'
Qalaba, v. Be thoroughly self-conceited, be
filled with self-conceit or self-superiority
(used in perf. ; also sometimes in reflect,
form with zi. Cp. gqaba, gqaja); (C.N.)
have confidence in oneself, be filled with
self-confidence, as to one's strength, etc.

i-nQalaba, n. = i-nQalati.

isi-Qalaba, n. Large tree having hard wood
suitable for yoke-skeys and gunstocks
(Myrsine melanophleus) — the bark is
used for stomach pains and as ikubalo
for a dead person ; also two kinds of Sugar-
bush (Protea hirta and P. lanceolata),
— a small tree growing on up-country
mountains, having greyish leathery leaves
and bark rich in tannin; anything
of a very hard unbreakable nature, as
some kinds of wood, or a strongly
made earthen-vessel ( — isi-Qaqalagu).

Phr. ktcasa eqaktbeni for exiqalabeni),

it dawned I we being) among the hard sticks

= i-nTamo [Ar,

/

i.i. to-morrow we Bhall fight it out with
Btout cudgels a threat used by one young
man to anothei who has provoked or in-
sulted him. s e i(li)-<,>il- .

Qalana, /-. C tence to attack one another,

or start off one another mutually,
two armies, neither of which waits i"
be provoked {qala) by the other.

i(li)-Qalandevu or Qalamadevu, n. Young
man just beginning to show a moustache.
Qalanqa, r. qolonqa.

i(li)-Qalaqala (Qhalaghala),n. Hold, pert,
brazen-faced, cheeky person used

mostly of bold, free girls isi-Twala-
mehlo; cp. i(li)-Talatalana; qalaza;
fingqa.

i(li)-Qalashu, n. Name of a dark-grey kind
of civet (in full i-qalashu umashiy izi-
nja) from the animal's smartness in
evading capture (= i(li)-Rrolodo); a
smart skilful person too crafty and
quick to be caught, always able to
escape from a tight corner.

i-nQalati (Qalathi), n. Small sack or bag,
made of goat, sheep, or calf-skin, or
sometimes woven of grass or rushes,
and used for carrying foodstuffs,
medicines, for soaking amabele, etc-.
i-nQalaba; cp. i-nTlanti.

Qalaza, v. Stare about (not fixedly at a
thing = golozelu ), look boldly about
in all directions, as a 'cheeky' or ill-
mannered child when among strangers
= talaza.

Qalaza (Qhalaza),v. Behave or speak in
a bold, pert, brazen-faced, cheeky
manner, as some girls and hoys.
i(li)-Qalaqala.

Qaleka (s.k.),v. Faint; have a lit, of any
kind (= quleka)-, hence, metaphor., to
faint for or desire exceedingly, used
jocularly to express a request for a pinch
of snuff (ace. with c/u form ).

Qalekisa (s. k.), v. = lokotela.

Qalinga, /-. Do anything in a scattered,
patchy, irregular, here and there kind
of way = ukuti gqagqa.

i(li)-Qalinga, n. =

U(lll)-Tuhi.

Qalingana, /\ Be in
irregular state

Qalingisa, v. Cause
in a scattered, far

i(li)- Gqagqa ;

com p.
apart,

a scattered, far
ukuti gqagqa,
to do of to in- done
apart, here and there

kind of away gqagqaza. Cp. tntn.

isi-Qalo, //. Beginning ; point of commence-
ment uku-Qala.

u(lu)-Qalo, //. Bamboo, used as whip-
sticks (C.N.).

QA

526

QA

isi-Qalotana or Qaloti (Qalothana), n. Cer-
tain forest tree, resembling the follow-
ing.

um-Qaloti (Qalothi), n. 5. Certain forest"
tree (Strychnos Henningsii), with ex-
ceedingly hard wood, used for knobker-
ries and* the bark medicinally for dis-
ordered bowels, round-worms, etc.

Qalu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Come out into the
open, come out into sight, as a man from
a hut or a buck from a bush, or any-
thing that had previously been hidden
from view. Cp. ukuti paqa; ukuti qa-
ngqalazi; ukuti qamu; hla/uka.

Qama (Qhama), v. Be plainly visible,
conspicuous, as a kraal on a hill; be
clearly cut, distinct to the vision with-
out blur or faintness, as good large
print, bright colours, or a person of all-
round defectless beauty or intellectual
smartness; be plain, clear, obvious, as a
statement or affair (used in pert", in all
senses) = gqama, gqava [Her. kamu-
aha, distinct].

isi-Qama (Qhama), n. An isi-Puku or
cloak made of sheep-skins.

i-nQama, n. Ram. Cp. i-mVu [Ar. kharuf].

ubu-Qamama, n. A good walk, fair dis-
tance (say about six miles), as to a cer-
tain place (loc. of place). See ubu-Qamu.

Ex. ku'buqam-ama kwa'SobeJa, it is some
distance, a fair walk to Sobeja's kraal.

ubu-Qamamana, n. Some little way or
distance (say two miles).

Qamba (Qambha), v. Invent, make up, as
a plan (ace.) or a false story (cp. ceba;
hay a; songoza; rrama); initiate, put
into inception, start on (often equivalent
to commence), as a new kraal (ace),
ploughing in the spring, or a new line
in a copy-book; compose, as a song;
make up for, i. e. give, a person a name
(doub. ace. = uku-ta); settle upon,
decide upon, as a building-site (ace).

Ex. uku-qamb'amanga, to invent lies = to
tell lies.

uku-qambHgamu, to compose a song.

u-Qambalala (Qambhalala), n. Species of
running-grass.

um-Qambati (Qambhathi), n. 5. = urn-Shir

za.

Qambela (Qambhela), v. Invent for i.e.

hatch up false statements about a person

(ace), accuse him falsely.
i(li)-Qambi (Qambhi), n. Small herd or

collection of cattle, etc. = i(li)-Qabi.

Qambu, ukuti (Qambhu, ukuthi),v. = qa-
mbuka; qambusa.

Qambu ka (Qambhuka), v. Have a hole
burst or bored through, as a wall or
person's ear; get opened, or lanced, as
an abscess; break out (intrans.), as a
person's body in open sores = camuka,
cambuka; cp. qubuka.

Qambusa (Qambhusa), v. Make a hole
through anything (ace), pierce, bore, as
a person's ear, or a wall; open, lance,
as an abscess = camusa, cambusa.

Qamekekela (s. k.), v. (N) = qamekelela.

Qamekelela (s. k.), v. Lie in wait for, way-
lay, as for a traveller (ace) or wild-
beast expected to pass a certain way,
or even when awaiting on a certain
spot the passing of a travelling com-
panion who has been left behind; ob-
struct one (ace) in his speech by anti-
cipating him, as though knowing what
(or 'which way') he is going to say (cp.
qazikela ).

Qamela, v. = camela; qamekelela.

Qamela (Qhamela), v. Be plainly visible for
or to.

Phr. uku-qanyelwa (umtondo), to have
(the penis) visible i.e. erect = omelwa.

isi or um-Qamalo, n. 5. = isi-Camelo.

Qamfu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gqimfu.

Qamfuka (s.k.),v. = gqimfuka.

Qamfu la, v. = gqimfula.

u-Qamgwinqi (Qhamgioinqi),n. Certain
bush, bearing small red edible berries.

Qamisa (Qhamisa), v. Make to look con-
spicuously nice or standing out among
others, as fine clothes a young man
(ace); make plain, explain, as a story.
See qama.

Qamu, ukuti (Qhamu, ukuthi), v. Appear
(used of the moment of appearance),
come up into view, emerge into sight,
as a thing previously hidden or unseen
or unexpected. Comp. qalu, qangqa-
lazi, paqa; also qama; hlaluka.

Ex. y'ini yona eti qamu! gontshi! otslia-
nini? what is that bobbing up and down in
the grass ?

Qamu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti nqaniu.

i-nQamu, n. see i-Nqamu.

ubu-Qamu, n. Good long way, great dis-
tance (say twenty miles), as to a cer-
tain place ( loe of place. ). See ubu-
Qamama, ttbu-Qama?nana.

u-Qamugwinqi (Qhamugivinqi), n. = Qam-
g winqi.

Qamuka (s.k.), v. = nqamuka.

Qamuka (Qhamuka), v. = ukuti. qamu
(qhamu).

QA

v

Qamula, v. = nqamula.

Qamunda, v. Talk away in an easy flow,
as a ready talker, fluent speaker, child
already talking with case, or even as an
unrestrained chatterer who lets the lang-
uage flow without reserve tamunda,
qavita; cp. temeleza; i-nGqamuhdi.

Qamusa (Qhamusa), v. .Inst begin to put
forth or show the flower-tnft, as mealies.

Qamusela (Qharmisela), r. Press forward,

push along through a country when tra-
velling, as one journeying along making
for a distant place, or one who has misl-
ed his direction ; also = camusela.

Ex. 8aqamu8ela saxa safika cm Fair, we
pushed along till we reached Melmoth.
Qamuza (Qhamuza), v. = qamusa.

i(li)-Qamuza (Qhamuza), n. Large protrud-
ing eye, or person's belly ; young bee
in the immature state (mostly used in
plur. ama-Qamuza ama-Cimiza, ama-
Qanda).

isi-Qananazana, )/. Certain water-bird.

Qanata, ukuti (Qdnafha, ukuthi), v. = qa-
nata.

Qanata (Qanatha), v. Have very protru-
ding or prominent buttocks (not neces-
sarily of large bulk = shikila) — used
in perf. See i-nGqanati.

Qanda, v. Be cutting or bitterly cold, as
icy water (= banda, ukuti mo); be head-
splitting, as the noise made by a pick
forcibly striking on a hard rock {ukti-
qand'ikanda); speak a decisive word,
give evidence of a decisive nature, as an
eye-witness at a trial ( uku-qand ' ikanda ) ;
strike down, attack with a sharp decisive
blow, bringing down the victim (ace.) at
once, as one man might another with
a knobkerry, or a venomous snake or
virulent disease a person; cleave apart,
separate one from the other, as two days
or seasons (see phrases below) [Qanda
and banda q. v. would seem to be merely
variations of the same word].

Ex. uqandwe y'ini? what has he beeu
brought dowu by? = what has he been
bitten by?

wadimde wamqanda nje umkuhlane, the
fever just attacked him and he was down at
once.

iqude kutiwa liyaqanda amasuku, the cock
(when crowing in the early morning) is said
to he cleaving the days i. e. to be splitting
the day from the night by its shrill cry.
See linga.

isidwaba usibeke kwexiqandayo, she has
her isidioaba sitting on the splitting parts
i. e. low down upon the buttocks — see
lashaxa.

527 QA

ufakaxi oqand'iJcanda, a witness wh<
evidence is conclusive, will settle tin- affair.

abafaxi sebeyaqanda ixivande, tin- women
arc now >- j » 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 ir up the lir-l plots I i ini-
mediately after winter and before the general
ploughing time,

i(li)-Qanda, u. Egg ; any large-sized bead, say
as big as a three-penny-piece .-Mid of any
colour; ji/ur. ama-Qanda, young bees in
the comb in an Immature state i ama-
Cafazi) [Sw. ganda, shell "!' fruit, e
etc.; Bush, qan, egg ].

1'hr. inlcomo e'maqanda-ka' Hayiba, a I
of a piebald colour i.e. "I a whin- >kin Mot-
ted with numerous brown npots or -mall

patches.

isishorto utshwala obu'maqartda, stale-beer

is that which has large egg-like bubbles
(from slow fermentation |.

isi-Qanda, //. Small kind of brownish wasp,
slightly smaller than a honey-bee isi-
Qandamatshana, i(li)-Lakazane. See

it in a- 17.

i(li)-Qanda-lenkuku (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Gode.

i(li)-Qanda-lenyoni, n. Any fragile, easily
broken thing, as a ulass vessel; delicate,
weakly-constitutioned person if I i )-('<>-
boka.

isi-Qandamatshana ($.t.),n. Certain veldt-
herb; also = isi- Qanda.

Qandekisela (s.h.),v. = qandelela.

Qandela, v. — qandelela.

Qandelela, /'. (iuess; make a <ju< qa-

gela, qandela [Ar. khammin, gn<
Her. saneka; Sw. thani, see qanga\.

Ex. 'toe! qandelela engikitpete esandhleni.''
tUmmbila.n 'BandfdaJ waqandelekt,1 '1 Bay!
guess what I have in my hand.' 'Meal
'Actually! he has guessed.'

Qandisela, v. Bear children rapidly i. e.
before the usual interval of time has
passed, as a women conceiving while
her previous child is still at the breast,
or a fowl commencing a new brood of
eggs immediately alter hatching other-.
See i-nJel irn iic

isi-Qandolo, //. Reed of a large tall-Lrrowiue.
kind. Comp. i(li)-Tshane; um-Hlanga.

Qandula, /•. Roughen the surface . . i a
grindstone (accT) by chipping or knock-
ing in small indentations with another
small hard stone (comp. haya)\ crack
(metaphor.) a person's (ace) head (ace),
by making a head-splitting noise, or by
dealing him a blow on the head. S
isi-Seko.

Ex. kade usiqandula amakanda, you have
been already Ion- splitting our heads fur ua
I w ith your noie

QA
n tela [Ga.

528

QA

saga, jest; Sw.

A

/

Qanga, v.

ihihaki, joke].
um-Qangabodwe (Qangabhodwe), n. J. Wild

amabele or imfe I.e. growing up of

itself in an old field.
Phr. umqangabodwe wpumel'ekweneni, the

wild corn-plant rises up from amidst the
thick growth of weeds — said of a tall person
rising head and shoulders above the rest.

um-Qangala, n. 5. Single-string fiddle made
of a reed and worked by the fingers and
mouth = tun-Hube.

i(li)-Qangane, n. Swelling of the belly
(prob. from dropsy, or perhaps, in fe-
males, from chronic inflammation or
fibroid tumours of the womb, causing
a false appearance of pregnancy), sup-
posed to be caused by a rash oath, gen.
made in the heat of a dispute, not to
eat the food of the other disputant. This
latter thereupon retorts by hurling at
the other the curse ungadhla okwami,
wob'udhla iqangane! or ung'eza kiva-
iii i, kwoba knza iqangane! And the im-
precation will most certainly be visited
upon him, unless he speedily make
amends to the injured party and along
with him or her goes through the pro-
cess of mutual hand-washing (ukuhla-
nza kwabafungelene ngokudhla). The
same curse may also be uttered against
a thief = i(li)-Joyi; cp. qanganisa; isi-
Kukuku.

S.B. The earth taken from the grave of
gome relative of a man and administered to
him secretly by an umtakati, is said to cause
this same disease (cp. i(li)-Hloba).

Qanganisa, v. Desire evil for a person
(ace), curse him = lokotela, qalekisa.

i(li)-Qangqa, n. = um-Qangqato.

Qangqalaza, v. Come into sight or out into
the open, appear, as anything emerging
from a doorway or bush, or from be-
hind a screen (= ukuti qalu, ukuti pa-
qa, ukuti paqalaka); roll along (in-
tra ns.), as a ball along the ground (=
ginqeka ).

Qangqalazi. ukuti (ukuthi), v. Come into
sight, or make come (ace.) into sight,
as above; roll, or make roll.

u(lu)-Qangqalazi, n. The open, a spot in

full sight — gen. in locative = u(lu)-Bala.

Ex. iiuiir.i fca'Bani ns'oqangqalaxini, So-

and-suV kraal is in an open, plainly visible

spot.

um-Qangqato (Qangqatho), n. ~>. Young calf,
lamb, goat, etc., when unusually big for
its age = i(li)-Qangqa, um-Gqame.

i(li)-Qangu, a. Young wether (C.N.). See
i(li)-Qangqa.

X

Qanguza, v. Speak clearly, in plain explicit
language, as a person giving instruction
or evidence.

isi-Qanjana, n. Short person, with what-
soever kind of body.

Qanqa, v. Lay out, or relate, in a clear
and complete manner the course, details,
or reasoning of any affair (ace.) or com-
plicated matter. Comp. qanguza; hla-
ndhla.

i(li)-Qanqa, n. Clear, able, skilful speaker
or explainer; also sometimes = um-
Qangqato.

i-nQanqa, n. — see i-Nqanqa.

u(lu)-Qanqashiya (Qhanqashiya), n. Tall,
straight, stiff-standing person, like a fine
tall military man = u(lu)-Tatamela.

um-Qanqato (Qanqatho),n.5. = um-Qa-
ngqato.

Qanqisa or Qanqisela, v. Help a person
(ace.) to lay out an affair (ace.) clearly,
i. e. explain it thoroughly to him.

Qantsa (s. t.J, v. Become puffed up or swol-
len in a long bulge or swelling, as
the veins of a man when angry or lift-
ing a heavy weight, or the weal caused
by a blow from a shambok on the back.
Cp. viya.

Phr. ukuqantsisa wmuntu imitambo, to
make a person swell up in the veins (of the

face ) i. e. make him very

make his

blood boil.

Qanula, v. Strain, as in any violent exer-
tion (intrans. = kanula); hence, stretch
out, distend, as a horse the nostrils (ace.)
when running; open widely, as a person
the eyes (ace. — cp.penqa ) ; do extensively
or expansively, as a woman when hoeing
a broad stretch of field; run with the
body stretched out, i. e. taking long-
springs, as a buck, throwing out, as it
were, the hind legs behind.

Qapa (Qapha), v. Be on the look out,
watch attentively (used in perl).

Qapa, ukuti (Qapha, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
qaba.

Qapaza (Qaphaza), v. = qabaza.

Qapela (Qaphela), v. Be on the look out
for, watch attentively for, as a person
(ace.) or thing; pay attention to, mind,
or give heed to, as to a person's advice
(loc. or ku), or in any work or action
= hlomela.

Ex. woqapela upexulu, you must keep your
eyes open i. e. take care, while you are up
above.

womqapela kule'nd/ttela, you must keep ou
the look out for him along this path.
qapela kimi lapa! attend to me here!

QA 529

Qapuna (Qaphuna), v. Pluck off or remove
just the end or terminal part (ace.) of
a thing, as the soft end of a tree-branch
with the fingers, <»r a flower from its
stalk by switching it off with a stick;
pick up just the uppermost details of
an affair, not knowing the full particulars
of the case, as a busy-body who hears
people talking ami then goes and
spreads reports.

Qapu qapu, ukuti (Qaphu qaphu, uku-

tin'), ik ----- qapuza.

i(li)-Qapuqapu (QSphuqaphu), n. Fluent,
eloquent speaker.

Qapuza (Qaphuza), v. Talk away in a
fluent, eloquent style, as a man at a law-
ease, in conversion, or when praising
the chief. Cp. tapuza.

Qaqa, ik Rip up, rip open (by cutting, not
by tearing or undoing = qaquhda), as
the seams of a coat (ace.) or bale; rip
open i. e. explain a difficulty (ace. or
with ku); (C.N.) — qakaqa. Cp. qa-
quhda.

Qaqa (Qhaqha), v. Rip up or open forcibly,
as a thorn or cat's claw might one's
coat-sleeve — intensified form of above.
Cp. qaqabula'.

i(li)-Qaqa, n. Cape polecat (Ictonyx zor-
illa) (= i-nCfangakazana); kind of
strong-smelling black-beetle, spotted on
the back; roof of the eye-socket when
very prominent, causing the brows to
project — gen. used in plur. ama-Qaqa
(= ama-Qele, ama-Qimba). Cp. ama-
Nktmkoma.

P. aku'qaqa lazixwa ukunuka, no polecat
ever smelt its own stink = nobody re-
cognises his own faults ( X. fr. Xo. ).

iqaqa lisinda 'kuz'alusa, the polecat gets
saved by herding itself (by surrounding itself
with an intolerable stench) = if you wish
to come out safe from all the difficulties of
life you must look after yourself by taking
all ilue precautions.

urn fa was'ekutini o'maqaqa, the beetle-
1 nowed fellow of such-and-such a kraal.

u(lu)-Qaqa, n. Relt or facing of perpendi-
cular rocks running along or around the
top of a hill, the beetling brow of a hill.

Qaqabula, v. = Qaqidula.

Qaqabula (Qhaqhabula), v. Rip up or open
forcibly, as might the claws of a wild
beast, or a thorn one's coat-sleeve (ace.)
intensified form of preceding.

isi-Qaqalagu, n. Any hard, unbreakable

QA

thing, as a strong earthen vessel, or
piece of wood (cp. isi-Qalaba)\ stingy,
hard-natured person; stiff-bodied-mus-
eular person (= isi-Gonyololo).

Qaqamba (Qagambha), >•. Pain with an
acute, splitting, throbbing ache, ae a bad
tooth, headache, <>r inflamed wound
nkenketa, momota; cp. fuiu; tshutshu-
mhii [Ar. inn/Hi, ache; Reg. kuehava,
achej.

Qaqamela (Qhaqhamela), >■. qaqazela.

u(lu)-Qaqawezi (Qhaqhawezi), ». Tall, slen-
der-bodied pei-son.

Qaqaza (Qhaqhaza), v. Keep savin- 'No'
(or (in).

Ex. uqaqaxa-ni? what an' you no-ing
at? -as mijrlit be said to one who keeps
repeating ' No ' when refusing anything.
Qaqazela (Qhaqhazela), r. Tremble, ae
with fear; shiver, as with cold ; chatter,
as the teeth from cold = tutumela. ge-
dezela, gubuzela, lekezrln. Cp. bikizela.

Phr. uku-qaqazelela umuntu, to be agitat-
ed (with concern) for a per.-. mi, i.e. pul
oneself out about him, pay him attention,
as a newly-arrived friend or visitor.

Qaqela, v. Be thick upon, cover, as ticks
on a cow (ace), beetles on a wall (ace.)
or cattle upon a hill (ace.)

Qaqelisana, v. = ngqayisanu.

u(lu)-Qaqo, n. = u(lu)-Quqo.

um-Qaqongo, ?/. 5. Bush (Clerodendron
glabrum), whose leaves are used as a
vermifuge for round or thread worms
in man or beast, also as clyster for
children, the wood being also used as
tinder = wn-Qoqongo.

Qaquluka (s.k.),v. Get ripped up or open.
as below; come to the use of reason.
have the senses fully opened out, ;i~ a
child of seven or eight (= sanguluka i.

Qaqulula, v. Rip open or up, remove by
ripping or tearing (not by cutting or
ripping with a knife = qaqa), as
when pulling up running-grass (ace)
with numerous suckers from the soil,
or when tearing off the wax sealing
bottle-cork or letter, or when opening
a parcel by pulling asunder the atrii
do 'rippingly ' Le. skilfully, smartly, as
a clever talker or worker (see i-nGqar
ijidid/)- qaqabula, qeqebula; qhaqha-
bula.

Qasha (Qhasha), V. Fly off, as sparks from
iron on the anvil, or grains of corn in the
threshing; fly off, as a man suddenly
running away; spring off, a> a grass-
hopper or frog when about to be
caught

Qashaqasha (Qhashaqhasha), v. Strug

or wriggle about with legs and arms,
'let fly' in all directions, as a man fight-
ing when down on the ground, or a

/

QA 530

person in a convulsive fit ; dart or
spring about in all directions, as a min-
now or shrimp in the water = shoba-
shoba.

u-Qashaqasha (Qhashaqhasha), n. Shrimp,
(= um-Dambi), minnow, and the like

= u-Tshobitshobi.

u(lu)-Qashayiya (Qhashayiya), n. Thing
dried-up stiff and unbendable, as a dry

wattle, man's finger when injured, etc.

um-Qashela (Qhashela), n. 5. An odd per-
son or thing dropping in alone, not ar-
riving in crowds or masses.

Ex. nbantii bafika bey'imiqashela, the people
arrived in driblets, in ones and twos, etc.

i(li)-Qashi, n. Large black bag-like tick,
common on horses and dogs; also some-
times applied to a smaller spotted-
brown variety (= i(li)-Kizane) = i(li)-
Qashimba, i(li)-Tulwa; cp. um-Kaza,
i-nKizane.

i(li)-Qashi (Qhashi), n. — i(li)-Yambazi.

u(lu)-Qashi (Qhashi), n. Savoury smell,
relishing to the taste, as of meat frying,
cake baking, etc.; such savoury-smelling
food. Cp. u(lu)-Si; is-Antungwana.

Ex. kunuka uqashi lokuyana, it smells
very appetising does that over there.

i(li)-Qashimba (Qashimbha), n. = i(li)-

Qashi.
Qashiya (Qhashiya), v. = nyoloza.
i(li)-Qashiya (Qhashiya), n. One who acts

with ubu-Nyolo q. v.
ubu-Qashiya (Qhashiya), n. = ubu-Nyolo.

Qashuka (s.k.), v. Get broken or parted in
two, as a string or reim ; get broken off,
as a button {i.e. the thread holding it).

Qashula, v. Break or tear in twain, as a
string or reim (ace); break or tear off,
a button (i.e. the thread holding it);
(C.N.) trot about showing off and
crying out, as women at a wedding ( =
gqiza). Cp. apula; dabula ; rrebula.

Qata, ukuti (Qatha, ukuthi), v. Alight
upon, just come to or arrive at (loc. —
the action refers to the actual moment
or point of arrival), as a person or a
rope just attaining to a certain spot, or
a spider, when falling, to the ground
(= ukuti qatata, ukuti nke); be over-
filled so as to cast out the excess, over-
flow (not properly used of liquids — see
cidma), as grain falling off from an
overfilled basket or people from an
overfilled hall (= qataka); also = qa-
taza.

Qata (Qatha), v. Break up new ground for
cultivation (= gixa; cp. hlentlebula) \
eat or break up with the teeth hard

QA

mealie-grains, bone, or as when 'crack-
ing' nuts ( = yedhleza, qwakuza); be
undersized, stunted (in perf. = basha);
grind, as the leeth ( amazinyo ) in sleep
(= gedhleza); show the first signs of
attaining puberty, as a boy when the
testicles begin to fill out and show a
red skin ; screw up the tips of the fin-
gers (i-nGcungwana), as a small boy is
oftentimes commanded to do by a bully,
and hold them up to be struck by him
and then ' point to the place where his
mother was born' (= qupa).

Phr. uNyoxa sewaqata umunyu, Ngoza now

lives in misery — having lost her husband
and only child, having no home and nobody
to care for her.

wadimde icaqata imihlati nje, he just
ground his jaws, i. e. kept a sullen angry
silence throughout, neither speaking to me
nor paying me any attention.

Qata (Qhatha), v. Clean the nails (ace.) by
picking the dirt from beneath them ;
put up to fight, as a bully might one
boy ( ace. ) with another ( with na ) ;
sometimes also used for qata (see
above) — to break up new ground,
and to break up a bone, . etc., with the
teeth.

Qata (Qatha), adj. Thoroughly good,
proper, sound, of perfect quality of its
kind, as a good strong serviceable pot
(not a small fragile thing), a stout stick,
a well equipped kraal (having people
and stock), or a first-class school.

i(li)-Qata (Qatha), n. Small piece of meat
cut off from a lump (see i(li)-Venge)
and just about sufficient to slit into an
um-Bengo, q. v.

i(li)-Qata (Qhatha), n. Hut of a newly-
married man or bride.

isi-Qata (Qatha), n. Natural swelling of
the salivary glands below the car,
somewhat resembling mumps = isi-
Gqila.

Qataka (Qhathaka), v. = ukuti qata;
also qatazeka.

um-Qatane (Qhathane), n. 5. Hard biscuit,
as of sailors; hence applied to biscuit
generally (N. fr. Xo).

u(lu)-Qatane (Qathane), n. Inside wall
of a Native hut i. e. the part of the
framework where it rises perpendi-
cularly from the ground.

Qata qata, ukuti (Qatha qatha, ukuthi), v.
= qataza.

isi-Qataqata (Qathaqatha), n. Certain
berry-bearing bush.

Qatata, ukuti (Qdthatha, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti qata.

QA

531

QE

S

Qataza (Qathaza), v. Discharge <»r throw
out excrements in lumps or pellets, as
goats and sheep, or a leopard or cat
when enraged. See i-nOqata.

1'hr. watukutela, waqataza, he was angry
and discharged excrements — as a leopard
when fighting in a great rage.

i(li)-Qate (Qatlic), n. Fruit of two kinds
of spreading veldt plants, one about the
size of a plum and edible and the other
somewhat larger and not edible; />////:
ama-Qate, often applied to the whole
plant itself, as its name.

isi-Qate (Qathe), n. Place overgrown by

either of the above plants.

um-Qato (Qatho), >/. 5. Land newly plough-
ed or broken up for the first time
= i-nGqato.

u-Qatu (Qhathu),n. = u-Veletshete.

i-nQatu (Qathu), n. = i-nGqatu.

um-Qatuva (Qathuva), n. 5. Certain broad-
leafed veldt-herb = um-Nqandane.

Qavita (Qavitha), v. Talk away with easy
profusion or fluency of words, in a good
sense as an eloquent orator, or a witness
letting out the whole of an affair, or
in a bad sense, as a loquacious wife
with whom one can't get in a word
edgewise, or as a dangerous chatterer
letting out all that he has seen or over-
heard elsewhere = qamunda.

i-nQavunqavu, n. Grain merely broken
or crushed into particles = um-Qazulo,
i-nQakanqaka, ama-Hlafuhlafu; see qa-
fuza; cp. i-Ncushuncushu.

isi-Qawane (Qhawane), n. Common Stone-
chat ( Pratincola torquata ) = isi-Nqwa-
ne, isi-Cegu.

i(li)-Qawe (Qhawe), n. A brave i. e. one
who rushes boldly into danger. See
qawuzela.

ubu-Qawe (Qhawe),n. Boldness, courageous-

ness, in rushing heedlessly into danger.

1'hr. iqawe lifela ebuqaweni, intlambi ifela

cntair.ini, the brave dies in his bravery, the
swimmer dies in the water — may be used
of one dying in harness, or sticking to his
particular post when in danger.

Qawuzela or Qawuqawuzela (Qhawuze-
la), v. Do or act in a self-emboldened,
heedless manner, as a man who after
being cautioned of danger, goes disre-
gardingly forward, or a child who when
called to return, goes heedlessly on.

Qaya (Qhaya), v. Raise and lower the
eyebrows {izi-nTsItii/i) of both eyes
sharply, as when giving a sign to
another (the Native way of 'giving a
wink'; cp. qikiza); also = gqakaza.

i-nQayi, „. i-Nqayi.

Qayinga, v. = qalinga. See gqagqa.

Qayingana, /-. = qalingana.

Qayingisa, v. — qalingisa.

Qaza, v. Look for, seek a thing (ace.
cinga)\ look at carefully, observe, as
any curiosity; examine, inspect, as any
thing or ;i school-boy's knowla
hlola) [Sw. taaamia, Inspect; Her.
tarera, supervise].

Qaza (Qhaza), v. Bind, tie, or sew i
ther (by a single Btitch or string of
some kind) any two or more things
(ace), as two pieces of the isi-dwaba,
two wattles in the framework of a hut
where they cross, or two buttles al the
neck by one string; grasp, catch sud-
den hold of, as of a child (ace.) about
to fall (= ukuti qha). See i(li)-Qaza.

i(li)-Qaza (Qhaza),n. Tie, stitch, single
binding of any kind, as any of the many
small tyings in the wattle framework of
a hut, stitch of fibre binding together
the two sides of a cracked pot, or ;i
single twist or binding of the palm-
straw when making a basket i(li)-
Zondo.

P. wadhlula ngendhiu is'akiwa, kayibeka
'qaxa, he passed by a hut while being
built and didn't tie a kuot said <A' an un-
sociable, angry-tempered evil-disposed man.

isi-Qaza (Qhaza), n. Ear-reed, such as is
worn by children with the ears lately
pierced.

u-Qazeyahlulwayo, n. Lit. a person who
looks out for the one (impi) thai gets
the worst of it — used of a crafty person
who always sides with the stronger
party.

Qazikela (s. k.), v. Presume for a person
(ace), anticipate him presumingly in bis
speech or actions, take upon oneself to
do for him beforehand qaziyela; cp.
andulela; qamekelela [Sw. tazamia mbe-

le, expect].

Qaziyela, v. qazikela.

Qazuka (Qhazuka), v. Ge1 ground coarsely,

as below.

Qazula (Qhazula), v. Crush coarsely or
break up into particles, as mealie-grains
= gqakaza; cp. ncakuea.

um-Qazulo (Qhazuln}, //. .7. drain merely
crushed or broken up i-nQavunqavu,
i-nQakanqaka.

Qebekula (s. k.). V. T>i^ up, as the soil
(acc.) with a hoe when cutting up new
land, with a pointed stick when looking
for roots, or as a bull with its horns:
dig up or dig out, as sweet-potatoes (acc.),

84

QE 532

roots, or a large stone embedded in the
earth — sebekula. Cp. son/la.

Qebe qebe, ukuti (tikufJii), v. = qebeza.

i(li)-Qebeqebe, ». Person very active with
the tongue, talking away rapidly and
disconnectedly about everything he can
think of. See qebeza.

isi-Qebetwa (Qcbcthwa), n. = isi-Qabeto.
Qebeza, v. Talk away rapidly and dis-
connectedly about everything under the
sun, as a talkative gos'siper. See i(li)-
Qebeqebe.
Qeda, v. Finish, make an end to, as a man
lu's cattle (ace.) by slaughtering them, j
or a hoy his work or days of hire (com}).
gcina); metaphor., be the death of, do
for, kill, as intolerable surroundings, or
comicality, might a person (ace. — often
used in passive form. See bulala, fa);
be sure of, certain about anything (ace.)
[Ar. khallas, to finish; Sw. kata, to end;
Ga. da, the end; mala, to end; Her.
mana, to end].

Ex. angimqedi, 1 am not sure about him,
can m:ik<- no certain statement about him.

saqcdwa amazeze eTekwini, we were killed
by fleas at Durban.

aiigikaqedi ukukuluma, I have not yet
said all.

usaqed'ukufa, he has just died = usand'u-
kufa.
Qedakala (s. k.), v. Get made sure of, cer-
tain about, or thoroughly understood,
as a doubtful affair.

Qedakalisa (s. k), v. Make quite plain, as
an affair (ace), so that one can be quite
sure of, certain about, or thoroughly
understand it.

Qedane, adv. = qede.

um-Qedazwe, n. 5. Wanderer, one who
moves about all over the country, or
noes living from kraal to kraal; univer-
sal outbreak of disease, epidemic.

Qede, adv. 'Just-completingly ' — an ad-
verb (always following the verb) and
thought non-existent in English, but
expressing the time just following the
completion of an action, the which is
described in English by 'as soon as.'

Ex. wongena qede, ub'us'ukubona parnbi
kwako, you will just-completely enter ( Eug.
;i~ Boon aa you are inside) you will see it
before you.

sadhla qede, sakamba, we ate just-com-
pletingly i.e. hail just completed eating, or
;>- .soon as we hail eaten, we left,

usaqed'icktifika (the final c is always drop-
ped in this formation), he has now just-
completingly arrived, i.e. he has justarrived.

Qedela, v. Finish off the little still remain-

QE

ing of anything, as when breaking a pot
(ace.) already cracked, giving a finishing
blow to a beast already nearly dead, or
clearing out entirely the few mealies still
left in a sack.

Qedeleka (s. k.), v. Get finished off com-
pletely, as above.

Qed'uba, adv. After that, as soon as;
afterwards, and then (= kad'uba) — al-
ways precedes the verb in subjunctive.
Comp. qede.

Ex. qed'uba kutwase amaquba, basebetata
amageja, after that there may have come
in the maquba mouth, i. c. as soon as the
maquba month has arrived, they take up
the hoes (for ploughing).

niyakufika nidhle, qed'uba myolima, you
shall get to eat, and then go off to hoe.

Qeke, ukuti (Qheke, ukuthi), v. = qekeza;
qekezeka; ukuti hleke.

i-nQeke (s. k.), n — see i-Nqeke.

Qekele, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Be or ap-
pear in the open, plainly seen (— ukuti
qangqaJazi); place or be placed a little
distance away or apart from others, as
one kraal from another, or one person
sitting some way off from the crowd.

Qekelela (s. k.), v. Store up or retain long
in one's heart old grievances, past ill-
words, etc., raking them out again on
some future occasion.

i(li) or isi-Qekema (s. k.), n. Any stout,
thick, strong thing, as a strong pot, a
stoutly made basket, or a thick hide =
i(li)-Qezeba, i(li)-Qokoma.

Qeke qeke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = qeketa.

ubu-Qekeqeke (s. k.), n. Incessant chatter-
ing away, as of a loquacious person who
can never stop talking. See qeketa.

Qeketa (Qeketha), v. Chatter or gossip

away without cessation about anything
(ace), as a talkative individual who tires
one with his useless incessant talk.

u(lu)-Qekete (Qekethe), n. Spot where the
ground is very hard, so as to be un-
ploughable; such hard, dry, unworkable
ground; hence, applied gen. to anything
of a very hard nature, as a- flat rock,
hard wooden spoon, or strong pot.

Qekeza (Qhekeza), v. Open apart, as any
two-sided thing (ace.) like the shells of
an oyster, the pages of a book, the two
parts of a split board, or a man his
legs = hlekeza.

Ex. y'iloku wati qeke, unjalo, ever since
he was born, he has been so. See Ntlo.

Qeku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.),v. Separate off
a portion of anything (ace.) for giving
to another— the use of the word being

QE

533

QE

/

/

entirely confined to children who, when
they requesl a share of anything from
another, say, 'Qeku! wetuV i.e. 'give
us a portion, comrade of ours ' qekula.

um-Qeku (s.k.),n.5. All the young cattle
collectively of a herd, bul exclusive of
the sucking calves or ama-Nkonyane.

Qekula (s. k.), ?>. = ukuti qeku.

Qela (Qhela), v. Bind, or wear, an i(li)-
Qele or hand round the head above the
eyes ( - ewashela); lake one's stand
face to face with an opponent, as a young
man about to fight (used in perf.);
move aside ( intra us.), out of the way
(== qelika, deda); (C.N. fr.Xo.) do habi-
tually.

i(li)-Qele (Qhele), n. Band of calf-skin,
grass, or beadwork, worn by men or
girls, just above the eyes round and
below the back of the head. See qela.

i(li)-Qele, n. = /'(//)- Watanga; upper-ridge
of the eye-socket when overhanging
(gen. in plur. ama-Qaqa).

Phr. ivmfo ka'Bani o'maqele, So-and-so's
young fellow with die beetle-brows.

siyakubonana eqeleni! we shall see oue-
another under the hill!— threat used by one
young man to another and denoting thai
when they meet they shall have it out with
slicks. See isi-Qalaba.

um-Qele (Qhele), n. 5. Circlet of leopard
or otter skin worn by men over the top
of the forehead and round below the
back of the head.

Qelelana (Qhelelana), v. Take their stand
face to face, as two men confronting
one another preparatory to a fight
(used in perl.)

Qele qele, ukuti (Qhele qhele, ukuthi), v. =
qeleza.

isi-Qeleqele, n. Small bird of the bush-
country (C.N.).

ubu-Qeleqele (Qheleqhele),n. Gaiety, mirth-
fulness, high glee, as is apparent in a
kraal or the members thereof at a wed-
ding or feast. See qeleza.

Qeleza or Qelezela (Qheleza), /•. Make re-
peated effort without result, as with
medicines to cure a person, or to get
something out of him (- ukuti qwa
qwa; cp. ukuti pulala, gunguluaa i ;
be in high spirits, mirthful, gay, as the
members of a kraal where a wedding
or feast is taking place.

Qelika (Qhelika), v. Move aside {intrans.),
out of the way, back, as a person to
allow another (with ela ami ace. ) l<>
pass deda, qela, qeluka.

u-Qelu, n. Certain small bird.

Qeluka (Qheluka), <-. qelika.

i(li)-Qembu (Qembhu), u. Small herd, or
portion of a herd of cattle or other Btock,

whether al f themselves < i(l

Qabi), or separated off rrom tie- main
herd.

Qembuka (Qembhuka), v. Get separated
or divided off, as below.

Qembula (Qembhula), r. Separate off, div-
ide oft, as a number of cattle or people
from the main body, a pari of a field,
or portion of the utahwala that has been

brewed.

Qenama, /•. genama.

isi-Qengele (Qhengele), u. Hair of young
man or woman when dressed in a di-
shevelled fashion, spread out like a mop;
also sometimes isi-Saka.

um-Qengo\e (Qhengele), n. 5. Certain broad
basin-like earthen-vessel for eating por-
ridge, etc., from (cp. um-Ceng ezi)\ (C.N.)
— um-Qangala.

Qengelela, v. — qongelela.

Qengqa, /'. Be sharp, crafty; act in such
a way.

isi-Qengqe, n. Bullock with horns broadly

spread out like a shallow basin; person's
head when broad and flat on top.

um-Qengqe, //. .7. Deep wooden vessel re-
sembling a small i-tunga or milking-pol
and used by children for eating from.

i(li)-Qengqeshwana, ?^. Cute, crafty person
adept at deceiving by talk or appear-
ances, a 'sharper'.

i(li)-Qengu, n. (X) i(li)-Qwengu.

isi-Qentu (s.t), u. Contents of a vessel, as

a pot o]- basket, when about half full;

person somewhat below medium heighl

= isi-Zinda; cp. isi-Kope; isi-Cete; >tii)-

Yende.

Qenya (Qhenya used in simple or reflect,
form n-qenya), e. xinga.

u(lu)-Qenyane (Qhenyane), n. u(lu)-i
nyane.

Qepu, ukuti (Qephu, ukuthi), e. <j.
ka ; qep a la.

Qepu, ukuti (Qhephu, ukuthi), e. qhe-
phuka; qhephula.

isi-Qepu (Qephu), n. Any piece, portion,
or fragment separated off, broken off,
or otherwise removed from the main
body of a thing ( u.-t-A of things of a
'soft' nature, or divisible without fore),
as a cutting from a length of cloth, a
piece of land cut off from a farm, a crust
broken off a loaf, or a section cut off
from a troop of soldiers or a herd of
cattle; the remaining incomplete portion,

QE

or 'fragmented ' thing; small-sized sleep-
ing or sitting-mat ; small company, party,
or string, as of men or girls travelling
along a road; thickset, sturdily-built
person of medium height. Cp. isi-Hle-
jni: u(lu)-Cezu; i(li)-Qezu; qepula.

isi-Qepu (Qhephu), n. Any piece, portion,
<>r fragment separated or broken off as
above (used of things of a 'hard' nature,
<>r such as require force), as the chip
knocked out of an iron or earthenware
pot, or off a piece of marble, or a crust
broken from a loaf of bread = isi-Hlepu.

Qepuka (Qephuka),v. Get separated,
broken, cutoff, as the piece or fragment
below — see gephula.

Qepuka (Qhephuka), v. Get separated,
broken, knocked off, as the chip, piece,
etc., below — see q hep hula = hlepuka.

Qepula (Qephula),v. Separate off, break
off, cut off, tear off, or otherwise remove
a piece (ace), portion, fragment, or sec-
tion from the whole (used of things of
a 'soft' nature, or such as are easily
divisible without force), as when cutting
off a piece from a length of cloth or
block of land, when
of bread from the
off a section from
or a herd of cattle.

Qepula (Qhephula), v.
off, knock off, tear off, or otherwise
forcibly remove a piece (ace), chip, etc.,
from the main body of a thing (intensi-
fied form of preceding, and used with
things of a hard, intractable nature, such
as require force in their breaking), as
when breaking a chip from an iron or
earthen pot, or a when knocking a frag-
ment from a block of marble, or as a
nail when it rips a piece out of one's
• •oat-sleeve or dress = hlepula.

isi-Qepunga (Qephunga), n. (N.) isi-Qe-
pu.

Qepuza (Qephuza), v. Do anything with
quick energetic, spirited action, as a man
energetically throwing soil into a bar-
row, a bull lighting spiritedly with an-
other, a man speaking rapidly in anger
or excitement, or a woman hoeing; also
sometimes = the following.

Qepuza (Qhephuza), v. Froth over, cast

beer when fer-
ama-Gwebu) =

breaking off a piece
loaf, or separating
a troop of soldiers
Cp. qezula; tepula.

Separate off, break

off foam, as a horse, or

menting ( usually with

kihliza, qiliza, ke-puzu.

izi-Qeqe (Qheqhe), n. = iz-Ankefe.

i(li)-Qeqeba, n. Anything become caked or
hard by congelation, as liquid fat when
cold and caked on the top of water, ice, or
a wet skin now set firm by becoming

534 QE

dry; hence, a cake, solid flat lump of
anything; combination of people solidly
united against another (with enza, or Ma-
ny ana iqeqeba ngaye) = i(li)-Kekeba.

Qeqebula, v. = qaqulula.

Qeqebula (Qheqhebula),v. = qaqabula
(qhaqhabul a) ; also as below.

Phr. uku-qeqebula ixiqeqe, to eat fine, solid
amg.si.

Qesha (Qhesha), v. = sinaza, sineka.
Qeshe or Qeshelele, ukuti (Qheshe or Qhe-
shelele, ukuthi), v. = ukuti sina.

Qeta (Qhetha), v. Squat, as a female, on
the buttocks with the feet drawn round
to one side ( this posture is only adopted
when the girl or woman wishes to sit
at leisure, at ease); hence, sit at leisure,
at ease (used in perf.); show prominent-
ly the front teeth ( with ama-zinyo ).

u(lu)-Qetane (Qethane), n. = u(hi)-Qatane.

i(li)-Qsto (Qhetho), n. A comfortable sit
\° — used by women as below.

Phr. uku-dhla iqeto, to enjoy a pleasant
sit-down, a pleasant half-hour with the uu/-
numxana.

.X.B. This is used of the custom of Native
wives now and then at iutervals donning
their host attire and betaking themselves in
a body to the hut of their common husband,
under the pretext of enjoying his company
for an hour or two in the evening, but really
in order to attract his favour.

Qetu, ukuti (Qethu, ukuthi), v. = qetuka;
qetula.

u-Qetu (Qethu), n. Species of grass grow-
ing in old fields.

Qetuka (Qethuka), v. Fall backwards or on
the back, as a chair falling ( = genuka ;
cp. penuka); get thrown or placed so
as to rest inclined on the hinder edge,
as a box; recline on one's back, as a
person reclining in an arm-chair [Ga.
tuka, fall].

Phr. wapika, waqetuka ngomhlana, he
denied, throwing himself on his back, i. e.
denied vehemently, positively.

Qetula (Qethula), v. Make fall backwards,
or recline, as above (= genula); fall
out away from the stalk, into a 're-
clining' position, as a mealie-cob when
fully formed and heavy; turn over the
soil or sods i. e. hoe or plough the soil
(ace).

um-Qewu (Qliewu), n. 5. Slit, or open
space made by such, as in a rent ear
ment, between the tails of a coat,
sheep's ear when marked with a
heme, person with the ear-hole slit
isi-Hunu).

or a

slit;
( see

QE 535

i(li)-Qezeba (Qhezeba), n. = i(li)-Qekema.

isi-Qezeba (Qhezeba), n. Sturdy, muscu-
lar, strongly-built person isi-Qozoba.

Qezu, ukuti (Qhezu, ukuthi), v. = qezuka;
qezula.

i(li)-Qezu (Qhezu),n. Piece broken off, chip,
as of any hard substance like an earthen-
pot or stone = u(lu)-Cezu, isi-Qepu.

Qezuka (Qhezuka), v. Get broken off, chip-
ped off (= cezuka, qepuka); turn (in-
trans.) i. e. get turned off one's path,
as when going off by a sideway or to
allow something to pass (= chezuka);
he broken or chipped off i.e. descend
very abruptly or steeply, as a hillside
( see um- Qezuka).

um-Qezuka (Qhezuka), n. 5. Abruptly cut-
off, or very steep place, as on a hillside
or land-slip = um-Tezuka.

Qezula (Qhezula),v. Break off {trans.),
snap off, chip off, as a fragment (ace.)
of an earthen-pot or a stone (= cezula,
qepula); turn (trans.) off the path, as

a wagon might a man (ace.)

coming

along (= chezula )

Qibugele (Qhibugele), int. Cry uttered
by a boy when he has found an i-Cimbi.

Qibuka (Qhibuka), v. Break up (intrans.),
as a clay floor when di'ying; get torn
or ripped up, as a garment by a nail ;
come up, as a mushroom breaking
through the soil; get stretched out, as
the sides of a hut or mat. Cp. dabuka;
rrebuka.

Qibukana (Qhibukana), v. Break up (in-
trans.), as a crowd into small parties
when dispersing; separate (intrans.)
into different divisions or parties, as an
i-nQina or hunting-party does.

Qibukowe (Qhibukhowe), hit. Cry uttered
by a boy when he has found a mushroom.

Qibula (Qhibula),v. Break up (trans.)
i. e. cause to break apart, as the sun
might an earthen floor (ace.) while dry-
ing; tear or rip up, as a nail might
one's coat; stretch out, as the frame-
work of a hut when widening it, or the
seams of anything (ace.) being sewn,
so as to get out any creases. Cp. dabula ;
rrebula; eluta.

Qifiza (Qhifiza), r. Squash or crush any
big soft-bodied thing (cp. dfiza >; ( .Mod.)
play a higher card, as a king, over a
lower (ace), as a knave— might be used
for 'trump.'

Qika (s.k.),v. Bring down (gen. with
pantsi) i.e. kill smartly off, overthrow,
etc., as when bringing down an enemy
(ace.) or wild-beast with a single bullet,
or an umtakati who causes the deatb of

Ql
a person by poison, or a man hurling
an adversary to the ground; (C.N.)
understand, comprehend.

isi-Qikaqika (s.k.),n. Any big, bulky in
of dead weight, as m large bale, or great
lump of meat ; corpse, <>!• carcase, of
manor beasl ( ist-Dtkadika) \ hence,

confirmed invalid, metaphor., a helpli
corpse.

isi-Qikata (Qikatha),n. Any big Le.
grave affair ( isiqikata s<ntl<ii,<i |; Berious
charge; important private affair of a
kraal not to be openly talked about.

isi-Qikela (s.k.),n. Circlel of beads worn
round the head by girls. Cp. isirTwalo.

QTki, ukuti (Qh'iki, ukuthi), r. Make move
slightly, as a person the eyebrows (ace.)
or a female the breasts; move slightly,
as the eyebrows (nom. ) or breasts them-
selves; nudge a person (ace.) so as to
draw attention; give a shake, as a lump
of jelly; budge or shift position slightly,
as a person nudged = ukuti ti/.i, qiki-
meza.

Ex. kayiti qiki (indhlu), it ( the lint i
doesn't move or .shake a bit I before wind.
etc.), i.e. it is fixed and thatched so as t'>
stand as firm as a nail.

alcttii qiki, he (an idiotic person, also
bad snuff) doesn't move a muscle, i.e. i-
as good as dead, has absolutely do keeni
or intelligence in him.

Icawati qiki, he didn't bodge a line /'. i . he
remained stock-still, immovable.

um-Qiki (Qhiki), n. 5. = um-Bobe.

Qikili, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = qikileka.

isi-Qikili (s.k.),n. = isi- Qentu.

Qikileka (s.k.),v. Get made to start back,
be brought up sharply, as by a snake in
the path, when running along; Start
back suddenly, as a person who remem-
bering something forgotten goes back
to fetch it, or who suddenly seeing some-
one coming along turns back so as
to avoid him ukuti qikili; cp. ukuti
</(/</"; ukuti gabavu; tikazeka.

Qikilili, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. — qikileka.

Qikimeza (Qhikimeza), r. : qikiza.

Qikiza (Qhikiza), r. .Make move slightly
or give a tremulous shake, as a person
the eyebrows (ace.), a doe its nose, or
■ a strong wind a hut ; nudge a person
(ace.), as to draw his attention; frizz the
haii- (acc.) i.e. pick it up with a thorn
so as ie gel a frizzy appearance —
a hut i i/i/:i, qikimeza.
Pbr. uku-qikixela imihlati, \<> -mile.

Qikizeka ( Qhikizeka), v. Get moved or
made to budge slightly, as the eye-

Ql

536

Ql

brows, breasts, or a person nudged =

ufcuti qiki, qikimezeka.
i(li)-Qikiza (Qhikizu), n. Girl, anywhere

between the ages of about 16 and 25,

but not yet wearing the topknot (prob.

so called from the shakiness ol* the flesh

or breasts during that period). Cp.

i-nTom b i ; i(l i) - Tsh its hi.
ubu-Qikizo (Qkikizo), n. (N.) = i-m Visholo.

um-Qila, n. 5. Woman's isi-fociya q. v.,

but generally applied to the temporary
grass waist-band worn immediately after
giving birth.

i(li)-Qili, n. Crafty, wily person, smart in
running . and trickery = i(li)-Hlakani.
See qina.

P. iqili eli'ntete i'osiwa 'muni, the crafty
fellow whose' locusts are masted last, i. e.
after he has already received, according to
Native custom, a full share of those of every-
body else and then perhaps manages to get
his own for himself.

aku'qili laxihota emhlana, there's no cun-
ning person who ever lieked himself on the
back — said of someone who has attempted
some trickery beyond his cunning, and been
found out.

amaqili katengani, sharpers don't deal with
each other -- may be said of two people, as
abatakati, who know each other too well to
make one another the object of their crafty
performances.

ubu-Qili.w. Craftiness, wiliness, cunning,
as above.

P ubuqili b'enziwe, kudhlulwe umuxi, cun-
ning is practised when the kraal is passed
people don't practise their crafty deeds
in sight of others.

Qilika (Qhilika),v. Flow over, flow out,
as water when boiling in a pot, or foam
from out a fermenting tub or horse's
mouth ; be made to come out of the pot,
i.e. get put out, displeased, as a person
by some action of another (used in
pert).

Qiliza, v. Act cunningly, deceptively, to-
wards a person (with ela form and ace.
of pers.).

Qiliza or Qilizela (Qhiliza or (Jhilizela), v.
Froth over or out, as the foam of fer-
menting beer or a horse; cast off foam
(acc.), as the beer or horse itself — hi-
ll li -a, ijepuza, kepuza.

l'hr. uku-qiltxela ixihlati, to have the
cheeks froth over i.e. break up into a smile.

ama-Qimba ((Jim him no sing.,), n. =
ama-Qaqa.

u(lu)-Qimba (Qimbha—plur. izi-nGqimba;,
n. Wave-like mass, bank, layer, or so-
lid lint-, as of clouds rolling in long

banks, line upon line or tier upon tier
of people, layer over layer of cream
upon set-milk. Cp. u(lu)-Dolo.

u(lu)-Qimbana (Qimbhana), n. Ripple, on
the water; ripple-mark, on the sandy-
shore.

Qimilili, ukuti (Qhimilili, ukuthi), v. Get
brought to a stand, as a person walking
along and suddenly remembering some-
thing, or coming across something
(not starting back — qikileka) on tin-
road, or being addressed by somebody
in the midst of work = ukuti kimilili;
cp. ukuti kemelele; tikazeka.

i-nQimindolo, n. = isi-Putumane.

ama-Qimiza (Qhimiza), n. = ama-Cafazi.

Q'imu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Fall down sud-
denly in one dead mass, in a heap, as a
horse shot in the head, or a heavy pillar
tripped up from below (== qimuka);
make so fall (= qimula); lie, or fall,
down flat on the back = ukuti jwa.

Qimuka (s.k.),v. = ukuti qimu.

Qimula,?'. = ukuti qimu.

Qina, v. Be stout, strong, as a stick; be
firm, steadfast, as a well-fixed post, or
a thoroughly reliable person; put on
physical firmness, as a child of seven
or eight who has already thrown off the
weakness of infancy and attained to the
first brightness of reason; be sharp (in
a bad sense) i.e. full of craftiness and
deceptive wiliness (comp. i(li)-Qili); be
already about its first quarter so as to
make its light appreciable, as the moon
— in all cases gen. used in perf.

Qina (Qhina),o. Plait the hair, as Native
girls, with grass, into long spikes stand-
ing up all over the head, so as to
straighten out the hairs for further
dressing.

i(li)-Qina (Qhina), n. Stein-bok = i(li)-
Gadu.

P. iqina lipum'embizeni (empekweni), the
buck has jumped out of the cooking-pot, i. e.
has escaped just when about to he caught
= there's many a slip between the cup and
the lip, or he escaped by the skin of his
teeth.

i-nQina, n. — see i-Nqina.

i-nQindi, n. — see i-Nqindi.

Qingata (Qingatha), v. Be about half-full,
as a vessel ( C.N. fr. Xo ).

isi-Qingata (Qingatha), n. The about half-
filling contents of a vessel, as above
(N. fr. Xo).

Qingatisa (Qingathisa), v. Half fill, as
above (CN.fr. Xo).

/

uhln hifca'Qinisani, the row of Mr. Work-
away— said sarcastically of the 'lazy party'
among a company of dancers, singers, work-
ers, etc., who, themselves doing nothing, are
continually calling on the industrious few to
work-away energetically (= qinisani).

Qinisela, v. Do with firm determination,
enduring perseverance, etc., as when
doing something unpleasant or distaste-
ful, or when holding up under adversity
= kutazela.

isi-Qiniselo, n. Certificate (M).

i(li)-Qiniso, n. Firm word, sound statement ;
hence a 'fact,' the truth (this is the best
expression, and the only one used in
Zululand, for the last mentioned word ).

Qinqa (Qhinqa), v. Close up, bring up
close together things (ace.) otherwise
standing far apart, as soldiers in a line,
or books in a library shelf; stack up
amabele in a circular heap laying the
ears pointing inwards (see u(lu)-Bule);
heap up or overload a person (ace), as
with things to be carried.

i(li)-Qinqa ( Qhinqa), n. Bundle of amabele
ears, as tied up for carrying home at

Ql 537

isi-Qingi (Qhingi), n. Separated clump or
cluster of anything standing isolated
among its surroundings, as of trees
amidst the open veldt, clump of t a m boo tie
grass remaining after the veldt lias been
burnt, or a spot of dry sand rising up
in the middle of a river; hence, used
for island [da. ki-zinja, island; Reg.
ki-kifa ; Sw. hi-siiea ].

um-Qingo, n. 5. Any heavy thing scarcely
liftable, as a coil of fencing-wire or barrel
of cement = i(li)-Qqintsi, i(li)-Dintsi,

Qinisa, v. Make firm, steadfast, as a post
(ace); strengthen, brace up, as a tonic-
medicine the body (ace.); confirm, fulfil,
as one's word (ace); do anything firmly,
with determination or energy, as when
grasping a thing tightly, dancing or
working vigorously (— qinisela, leuta-
zel(i); persevere, be constant in purpose,
as when persisting in any undertaking
or when undergoing any trying ordeal
(= qinisela, kutazela); persist in, do
continually (with infin.), as in doing
something repeatedly; speak positively,
with firmness; speak truly i. e. not jok-
ingly or in a light manner (used in
pert".).

Ex. uqinisile, you speak (he truth, you
are not joking.

l'lir. uku-qinisa imihlati, to speak vehe-
mently, with determination, as when assert-
ing or denying; to close firmly the jaws, as
when very cold, to prevent them from chatter-

Ql

1111111-
(I Hill-

<!'■

harvest time the produce of an
bele field is reckoned a-- bo many
qinqa, as we should say Backs.
Qinta (s.t.),v. Lie, stand, or he idle, a
any work standing undone for want ol
workmen, or a workman standing idle
during his work, or when without em-
ployment ( used in perl').

isi-Qinti (s.t.),n. Any -pot, plot, or pi
of land ; shortish person.

fix. icacenta, washiya tsiqinti, lie weeded,
hut lefl a spot i undone |.

lesi'siqini i angifuni ukubn silinyice, this
spot 1 don't want to he ploughed.

akuhanjwa Iculesi'siqittti sami, there i- no

travelling through my place or piece of land.

Qintsi, ukuti (Qhintsi, ukuthi), u,

ntsika.
u-Qintsi (Qhintsi), //. Red ochreous clay

— i(li)-Bomvu.
Qintsika (Qhintsika), >'. Pour or ooze

forth, as tearS from the eyes, blood

from a wound, or water through a crack
in a vessel; pour along, as people or

wagons in a Continuous stream ( ep.

ukuti ntsenene); let pour or ooze forth,
as a person tears (ace.), or a cracked
vessel the water within it.

Ex. waqintsika inyembexi, he lei forth
tears i.e. broke or hurst mil crying (the
thought referring merely to the pouring
forth, not to any sudden <>r forcible emission .

Qipilika (Qiphilika), <\ piqilika.

i(li)-Qipolo (Qipholo), ». Hard-skinned,

horny hand, as of a labourer or old
woman.

Qiqima, v. Hop or jump about from place
to place, as a child in a hut, or a person
saying first this then that. Cp. CO-
coma.

um-Qiqingo, n. 5. Any large bundle of
goods for carrying on the head, such
as are carried home by work-boys from
the towns - um-Fuqulu.

i-nQirra, n. Piece of cartilage on the breast-
bone of cattle, etc, um-Ganga. See
i(li)-Hleza.

Qi ti , ukuti (Qhithi, ukuthi), r. Put or
place a thing (ace.) down the thought
referring to the actual alighting of the
thing on the spot beka [Sw. Ha, put;
( ;a. teka ; 1 [er. tua].

u(lu)-Qitolo (<)hithi>I<>), n. Very Ion-, i \-
tended isi-Cenn q. v.

i-nQiwa, >/. i(li)-Gqubu\

Qiyama (Qhiyama), >•. Stand firmly with
the body drawn backward so as to give
extra [tower to action, as a man when
fearlessly awaiting the onrush of a wild-

QO 538

beast, or waiting for an adversary to
strike (used in perf.).

Ex. sekuqiyeme isibindi, the courage now
stands firmer, i. e. we have less fear, have
more heart now e.g. as to So-and-so's
recovery.
Qo, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Overcome, get the
better of, as a person (ace. = qoqoda,
qoqoza): make a dull knocking noise, as
when felling a tree in the wood, or
pounding tobacco leaves on the grind-
ing-stone (= qonqa).

Ex. le'ngane is'imute qo unina, this child
has got the upper-hand over its mother.

Qo, ukuti (Qhd, ukuthi), v. Do in thoroughly
good style, in perfect manner, as when
building a hut, cooking food, or making
a dress (ace); do entirely, finish com-
pletely, as a field or hut (= qoza);
be, turn out, come out, get done well,
as a hut in building or a piece of pot-
tery in the making (= qozeka). Cp.
ukuti mvi.

Qoba, v. Cut up into small pieces, chop
up, as meat, or tobacco leaves ; break
np into small bits, as a stick, or biscuit;
bother, put to inconvenience, trouble, as
a person (ace.) by causing him useless
or unnecessary labour (comp. xobisa).
Ex. uku-xi-qoba, to worry or bother oneself
generally without use) about any matter.

Qoba (Qhoba), v. = ukuti qobo, qobozela.

i-nQoba, n. Certain grass-like weed, bearing
edible underground nuts (izi-nQoba).

isi-Qoba or Qobamhlazi (Qhoba), n. Cer-
tain busb (Gardenia globosa) (N).

um-Qobe, n. 5. = um-Qumo; also, flower-
stalk of the arum-lily (see i-nTebe) or
i-Dumbi plant.

Qobeka (s.k.),v. Get cut or broken up
into small bits; get bothered, worried,
put out, as by any inconvenience (used
in perf.)-

Qobela, v. = qosela.

Qobo, ukuti (Qhobo, ukuthi), v. Strike
any hard thing (ace.) with a stick or
stone, as a man's head, a window with
a stone, an earthen-vessel, or a roof
( whether the thing struck breaks or not )
= qoboza; crunch or eat any hard,
brittle thing, as roast mealies, raw po-
tatoes, or unripe fruit = qoba, qobo-
zela.

i(li)-Qobo (Qobho), n. = i(H)-IIIeza.

i-nQobo, n. — see i-Nqobo.

um-Qobo, n. 5. = umrPobo ; (N) urn-
Qumo; also strip of hair left remaining
along the top of the head, after thai at
the idea has been cul clean.

QO

Substance of a thing,

ma-

u(lu)-Qobo, n.
terial from which it is formed, the thing
itself ; reality, actual facts of an affair ;
often used adjectively and adverbially
to express a 'real' or genuine article,
or 'really', 'really and truly', in order
to intensify the truth of a statement.

Ex. irikosi uqobo Iwayo, the chief himself.

kuy'inja uqobo, it is a dog indeed, i.e. a
proper one.

ngiyakukushaya uqobo, I shall beat you,
really I shall, or I shall beat you thoroughly.

Qobodisa (Qhobodisa), v. Sit in retirement
(not going out to work), as a young
bride for the first week or so after the
wedding (used in pert'.); put forth the
ear-tuft or bunch of male flowers, as
the mabele or the mealie plant, so that
it already droop over at the side, but
be not yet spread out mop-wise (= vo-
koza; cp. kahlela; nyekeza).

i(li)-Qobodo, n. Shell (when empty) of
ground-nut, bean-pod, and the like (=
i-Qobolondo); person's ear with edges
turned inwards or crinkling together
(comp. i(li)-Hwahwa) ; a curled up horn,
as of a cow — in regard to ears and
horns often used in the diminutive form
ama-Qobodivana.

Qobola, v. Deal a blow at a person (ace.)
with the isi-Qobolo or other similar
heavy stick {= gongota); (C.N.) strike
gently on the head, as a boy when chal-
lenging another (= qoqoza, qivaqwada).

isi-Qobolo, ii. Any stout, heavy stick in
the rough, such as one might find lying
about and could deal a crashing blow
with (= isi-Gongoto); certain rough
thick stick used for barring the door of
Native huts (= u-Nobadule, isi-Qo-
ngqwane).

Qobolonda, v. Shell, i.e. remove the shells
from, ground nuts (ace), beans, etc.

i(li)-Qobolondo, n. Shell (mostly when
broken up), as of above = i(li)-Gobo-
londo, i(li)-Qobodo.

Qobonyeka (Qhobonyeka), v. Put on airs

/ of pretended disdain or indifference, as a
girl who, when wooed by her sweetheart,
twists herself about, making grimaces
with the face and lips, as though she
eared nothing for him or what he is
saying, whereas in reality she is taking-
it all in. Cp. kendhlenyeka; kenyezela;

. fefenyeka; fehlenyeka; mbuluza; nyo-
loza; qashiya.

u-Q6boqobo, n. Certain shrub ( Osteosper-

iini in grandidentatum).
i(li)-Qoboqobo (Q/io/joqhobo), n. One who

nets, eats, etc., in a ravening, violent,

QO

539

QO

ferocious manner, like a wild-beast. See
qobozela.
Qobovula, v. = qabavula.

Qoboza (Qhoboza), v. ukuti t/<>/i<>, qo-
bozela.

Qobozela (Qhobozela), v. Crunch or eat
anything (ace.) of a hard crisp nature,
as roasted mealies or a raw potato; act,
speak, eat, etc., in a ravening, violent,
Ferocious manner, like a wild-beast =
ukuti <jobo, qoba.

i-nQobozelo, n. Beer ground, boiled, and
fermented on the same day, and drunk
on the next. Cp. u(bu)-Tsnwala.

Qogela, v. Store up, put by so as to mount
up, as money, or food (= qoyelela, co-
ngelela, congobezela); pilfer, filch, steal
petty foodstuffs (only from a field), as
a herd-boy might mealies (ace), or a
passing traveller a banana (ace.) when
very hungry.

Qogelela, v. = qogela.

i(li)-Qogolo (Qhogolo),n. Tall, finely-built
person.

Qogoya (Qhogoya), v. Make ostentatious
movements with the shoulders, arms,
etc., as do some conceited young-men
when walking; (N) be merely 'showing
off, dance free extemporary dances, as
a party of youthful outsiders during the
intervals of a wedding-dance — not ap-
plied to the national set-dances regularly
performed and having special names.

um-Qogoyo ('Jhogoyo), n. 5. Dance or
song, as above (C.N.).

i-nQohiba, n. (C.N.) = i-nCohiba.

Qoka (s.k.),v. Choose, select, as a certain
article (ace.) from among a number
enyula, keta [Sw. chagua, taka, choosej.

Qoka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Be in a
raised, elevated position, perched up,
as an iron house on (with pezu) stones,
an owl on a post, or a man on the top
of a hut or hill = qokama, qwakama;
place a thing (ace.) in such a raised or
elevated position = qokamisa. Cp. ukuti
qolptsha, ukuti cum.

Ex. ngezwa unyawo seluti qoka pezu kwe-
tshe, I felt my foot i in walking alongj on
the top (if a stone.

Qokama (s.k.), v. = ukuti qoka, ukuti qwa.

Qokamisa (s.k.), v. = ukuti qoka.

Qokelela (s.k.), v. Pay, as it were, a fine
of beads or other small gift, as anybody
must do when entering the hut of a
witch under initiation, or a girl who has
menstruated for the first time, or where-
in a child has just been born.

W

ID

s i 1 1 •._■ i ( • i , 1 1 . •
any sense

IV "lie.

Qoko (s.k.), adv. I >nly one, a
used to intensify 'one' in
= 7 //•/, qwaba.

Ex. way' e yedica qoko, be was the ou
or was all alone.

u-Qoko (8.k.),n. A single, solitary thing.

u(lu)-Qoko (Qhoko), n. South-African le-
prosy, common in some parts of Natal,
but unknown in Zululand (N prob.
from Xo. ukuti qoko, be dried up or
wasted) = u(lu)-Badeka. See i(li)-Ndi-
hi.

i(li), or Ereq. plur. ama-Qokolo (8.k.),n.
Native beer gone sour or arid in the
fermenting (see i-nTlontlosi) \ Kei-apple,
yellowish edible fruit of the following.

um-Qokolo (s.k.),n.5. Kei-apple tree (Al-
berta Caffra ), growing in the bush-
country, bearing fruit as above and
having large thorns used for dressing
hair.

i(li)-Qokoma (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Qekema.

i(li)-Qokomba (Qokombha), n. i(li)-Qa-

leu nihil.

Qokota (Qokotha),V. Twist or twine ve,y
closely together, as the different fibres
forming a string (ace), by rubbing them
with firm pressure along the bare leLr
( comp. pota) [Sw. sokota, twine].

Phr. ulcu-qokota ulimi, to twist up the
tongue i.e. speak a stiff, not Boftened lan-
guage— the phrase being used only by those
along the Zulu coast who speak the Boftened
or tefula'd Zulu, of those living more further
inland who do not tefula q. v. In speaking
of themselves these latter do not say uku-
qokota ulimi, hut uku-misa ulimi (i.e. to
make their language stand up Btraighl |, he-
cause, they say. those along the coast make
it 'lie down' {uku-lalisa ulimi) by softening
down every ' 1 ' into a ' y '.

Qokotana (Qokothana), v. Be closely en-
twined together i used in perf.), as the
threads of a well twisted string, or the
haii's of a close-twisted hair-tuft, or in-
dividuals of a group of people when

standing

very closely together.

Qokotela (Qokothela), v. Cling to (meta-
phor.), refuse to part with, or let go. as
a boy who when knocked down fighting,
Still clings to his sticks (ace. i, or a man
who keeps firm hold of anything (ace.)
he has come into possession of i/h-

kata.

Qola (f,)/n>/it), r. Perfume with atnaka or
sweet-smelling powder, as the body (ace.),
or isi-dwaba.

i(li)-Qola, a. 'Johnny Hangman', the
kal Shrike (Lanius collaris); ox of a

*A*^r h\ • Av/lc^-

/

\

QO 540

black colour with a white patch on the
rump, or back above the hinder-legs.
Cp. i(li)-Lunga, i(li)-Waba, i(li)-Ba-
ngqula.

i-nQoia, //. Wagon [perhaps akin to i-nQo-
lobana from similarity and use of the
old trading tent-wagon, or a corruption
of X<>. i-nQweld\.

Qolisa (Qholisa), v. Make to smell nicely,
as a bridegroom docs Ins bride (ace.)
by presenting her with a beast for
slaughtering purposes on the day fol-
lowing their wedding.

um-Qoliso (Qholiso), n. 5. Beast given by
tlic bridegroom's people to a bride on
the day after her wedding, to be slaugh-
tered for the feasting of the bridal-party
(see i-Mpempe, i(li)"Gqumu); (C.N.)
beast given to a bride's mother.

i(li)-Qolo (Qholo), n. Larue bunch of ostrich

QO

(s. k.), n.

An v thing of a

small bas-

by young-
conceited,

feathers stuck into a kind of
ket and worn on the head
men at the um-kosi.

Ex. uku-twala iqolo, to be
haughty.

uku-m-twesa iqolo, to make one conceited ;
also = uku-m-tioesa iChvalagwala q. v.

i(li)-Qolo floe. e-Qolo), n. Lumbar portion
of the spine; hence, part of the back
there about and just above the buttocks
between the hips; lumbar hump, just
above the sacrum, in cattle; hence some-
times, especially in Natal, applied to the
adjacent projections of the haunch or
hip-bone, particularly when conspicuous
through emaciation = i(li)-Danda, ama-
Nyonga, i-nTlalamag wababa.

Ex. is'i'maqoloqolo, it (the cow) is now
all lumbar humps (from emaciation).

isi-Qolo (Qholo), n. Proud, arrogant man-
ner or behaviour (C.X.).

um-Qolo, n. 5. Rope-like stuffing of grass
that forms the main body of a Native
basket, the exterior palm strips being
twisted round it; one of the outside
wattles in the framework of ;i Native hut
= um-Babo.

u(lu)-Qolo, n. Very steep-sided hill, having
an almost vertical ascent; (C.N.) =
u(lu)-Gqola.

i-nQolobana, «. Small grass hut built upon
a wooden stage and used for storing
id, etc, in the kraal. Cp. i(li)-Zele,
■Akamukanya, i(li)-Xiba.

i-nQolobeia, n. Large heap, perhaps as
big as a small hut, as of amabele, etc.
i-nDondela.

um-Qolokazi (s.k.),n.5. (C.N.) urn-

Uqwantsi.

u(lu)-Qolokosho
stiffened, slightly flexible, but brittle
nature (not readily foldable), as a dry
skin, starched shirt-front, or piece of
oil-cloth; anything by nature soft now
become dry and brittle, as mud for
building or clay for pottery work (often
used in plur. izi-nGqolokosho); mus-
cular, stiff-bodied man (= i-nQoshololo)
= i-nGqolokosho, u(lu)-Qwememe.

Qolonqa, v. Bind tightly, firmly, as a cord
(ace.) round a post or parcel, or the
different strings when platting a rope,
or as the cord itself does a parcel (ace.)
= gqalonqa; cp. goda; ntsala; nyaba.

Qolotsha, ukuti (Qholotsha, ukuthi), v. Sit
perched on high, as on the top of a hut
or on a tree. Comp. tikuti qoka.

Qolotsha (Qholotsha), v. Behave in a self-
inflated, arrogant, domineering manner ;
play the cock over others {ela form and
ace). Cp. gqaba; xinga.

u-Qolwana (Qholwana), n. Dark coloured
bird having a tuft on the head, and ap-
plied to by herd-boys to know where-
abouts the cattle are (see isi-Pungum ti-
ng ati ).

Qoma, v. Choose, select, as a girl does a
sweetheart (ace.) — not as the young
man does a girl, the option of choice, as
between the two young people them-
selves, resting among the Zulus with
the girl, the young-man being said to
qomisa i. e. woo or cause to pick ( cp.
keta, qoka; shela); act greedily, pick
out the best pieces, as a greedy child
when eating with others from a common
dish.

N.B. Native girls have also a maimer of
mutual courting among themselves, the ob-
ject apparently being to find an excuse for
inspecting each other's person and then re-
porting to their several brothers, if they
should come across anything good. It i*
generally worked out in this wise: — hvto-
mbaxana ihlanyane nenye ihamba, ib'is'iyi-
memexa, iti, ayiyiqome, mhlaumbe igigime iye
kuyo. In/me-ke yona; ib'isHbonya enye, Hi,
"Mntakwetu! alee u-'ambide peluf Ib'is'iti,
uma ivwrna, iveze ixinqe ukuba enye into-
mbaxana izibidce, nayo leyo ibuye y'enxe
njalo. Ab'es'ehlukana-ke, at'ub'a/ike emakaya,
ahlebele oho (nun bakubo, ukuti, cawu! ini<>-
iii hi ka'Sibanibani kayintk, y'ini!'

i(li)-Qoma, n. Common large-sized basket
of Native women (= isi-Qabeto, i*i-
lllelo); (C.N.) certain kind of white
stone used by young men as a charm
to attract girls.
isi-Qoma (Qhoma), n. Seat of the ear in
man or beast, i.e. the flesh surrounding

QO

it at its base both before and behind,
as appearing in the head of a slaugh-
tered beasl when the ear itself has been
<ui off.

Qomana, v. Challenge one another to acts
of bravery, as two warriors, as to which
should stall the enemy first

Qombota or (more gen.) Qombotisa (Qo-
mbhotha),v. Go straightly, be straight
(nearly obsolete now) qonda.

Ex. waqombota, loaya cntla, he made
straight for up-country.

waqombotisa amabombo ngas'etnLalazi, he
directed his nose [i.e. his course 1 towards
the Umlalazi.

tzintaba exiqombotisile, Btraight-up i.e.
steep, perpendicular mountains,

isi-Qomboti (Qombkotki), n. Diarrhoea in
children, often accompanied by false hy-
drocephalus; large pillar of smoke, such
as rises perpendicularly up from the
veldt on a still day.

um-Qomboti (Qombhothi), n. 5. Water dir-
ty by the admixture of particles of husks
or raw meal that has been washed there-
in before cooking (the word is not used
of water dirtied by particles of cooked
food as from dish or pot-washing).

u(lu)-Qomboti (Qombhothi), n. Straight
ridge-like descent, as down from a hill-
top.

i-nQomboto (Qombhotho), n. = i-Nqoba.

Qomfa, v. Bend the back, be stooping, as
a person hoeing, digging, bending over
sewing, and the like (not used for mere-
ly stooping to pick something up =
icotama) = gomfa, komfa; also qota.

Ex. uBani iis'eqomfile, So-and-so already
has a stoop, is already bending ( with age i
= qota.

lcade siqomfele ilanga yonlce (mini le, we
have been bending down under the sun all
day long.

i-nQomfolo, n. — see i-Nqomfolo.

Qomisa, v. Woo, court, as a young man

* the girls (ace.) this is the main occu-

/ pation of all young men while at their
homes — the Natal word shela q. v. is not
known in Zululand. See u-Nomzimane.

isi-Qomisi, n. A wooer, a young-man court-
ing the girls.

isi-Qomiso, n. Any medicine which a young
man may use to help him in wooing.

u-Qomo (Qkomo), n. Certain variety fo
the i(li)-Dumbi (Zulu kind) having
round-shaped tubers.

Qomoloza (Qhomoloza), v. Sit up all night,

as with a sick person, in a dripping
hut, or with company ', used in pert'.).

541 QO

Ex. I.ii.ri, qomoluiile, we -at up til

day-break.

u(lu)-Qomondo, //. [nner framework of n
isi-Coco i u(lu)-Qondo, i-nGqwanga) ;
certain regimenl formed by Shaka (
izi-Nyosi); (C.N.) beads Btrung together
or kerchief folded together to be worn

on the fa< I- lleck.

Qomonqa (ukurzi), v. uku-zi-Gqaba.

Qona, v. See qonela.

Qonda,?'. Understand, i_rrasp the meaning
of, as a word <ac<-. ) or affair; consider,
or think of, attentively ; go Btraight along,
make straight lor the (mint, as a person
travelling along the proper or dirert
path (used in perf.), or a missile aimed
at a thjng; be straight (not crooked),
as a line, stick', or path I used in perf.);
make ornamental stitches or stitch-work,
as on an isirfociya; have the mind made
up in regard to any person (ace.) or
action (with uku), he Kent on having
him or doing it, as an umtakati to kill
a person, or a man to purchase a cer-
tain beast ( hlosa, sopa) [Lxl. londa,
speak].

Ex. angimqondz, I can't make him out,
understand his ways; or am not certain
about him = angimqedi.

uyakungena eingwaqweni, ub'us'uqonda
ngawo, yen will enter the road and then
straight forward by it.

isidwaba usiqondele ngamaqanda, she has
ornamentally stitched her leather-kilt with
large beads.

Qondisa, v. Cause one (ace) to understand
i.e. to speak plainly, intelligibly to one,

guide, or put one (ace) on the straight
way.

u-Qondo, n. Species of river-grass, used
for basket-making.

i(li)-Qondo, >/. Stitch, or single bindin
in Native sewing, as any one of the in-
numerable small wattle-tyings in the
framework of a Native hut. a stitch or
binding holding together the two sides
of a crack' in an earthen pot, or any
single binding of a palm-strip in the
making of Native baskets (= i(li)-
Qaza)\ directions given by a Native doc-
tor as to the manner of administering
a medicine, the 'trick' of the thing, <■;/.
whether to b" taken at tin1 change of
the moon or when the north-east wind
is blowing, whether to he mixed with
the liver of a red cock or a little
utshwala ( = i(li)-Gqi) ; calculus, or stone
in the bladder supposed by Natives to
l.e the result >>\' the youth having had
illicit connection with a girl, from whom
he contracted 'he diseas .

QO

Ex. as'a&i iqondo lawo lo'muti, we don't
know how this medicine i* to lie used.

isi-Qondo, n. Rightful direction i.e. good-
ness, of character or nature generally,
being the quality expressed when we
say. So-and-so is a 'good' man, or such-

and-such is a 'good' child.

Ex. ingatie yesiqondo lr, this is a good
child ( obeying without demur, respectful,
working with alacrity, good-natured, etc.).

um-Qondo, n. -7. The mass rope, as it were,
which continuously coiled and bound
together forms a Native basket; single
n»pe of beadwork in the waist-band of
a girl's umiirtskto ( = ton- Gong qolozi);
waist-band of girls made of fibre stitch-
work fsee uku-qonda) and which trim-
med below with a skin fringe (i-Qopo),
and in after times with vb-Endhle, con-
stituted a girl's covering (= um-Kindi)
in Shaka's time and previous to the
advent of beads; (N) = i-nGqondo.

u(lu)-Qondo, n. Inner framework of a
man's /'si-Coco or head-ring and which
is formed of a rope of palm-fibres (see
i-nGqondo) bound round by string or
tendon = u(lu)-Qoviondo, i-nGqwanga.

Qondobezela, v. = condobezela.

Qonela, v. Overshadow a person (ace.)
by obtaining some occult ascendancy
over him, or greater influence, prestige,
or importance than he; rob him of his
izi-tunzi q. v. so that he sink back into
comparative unimportance and impo-
tency = tonga.

N.B. Reasoning from the habit of a dog of
voiding urine over that of another dog and
by which it is supposed to gain some ascen-
dancy ov«r it, the Natives assume that a si-
milar power can be gained over human-beings
in a similar way. Hence, a man or an elder
son, if caught voiding urine anywhere in the
upper part of a kraal above the kraal-
owner's hut. would be regarded as working for
lendancy over him [q&nela) so as to get
hold of his property, displace him in the
favour of the chief, etc. For the same rea-
son, a son does not sit upon a head-rest
during the life of his father, who retains to
himself this -ii'ii of dignity so long as he
lives. Medicinal charms are also much used
for the purpose of gaining a kind of psychic
mastery over another, and a careful study of
this practice would lead us to believe that
the Native- | •■-- --. though unconsciously,
a certain acquaintance with quasi-hypnotic
or other occult natural powei

Qonga, v. Rise up i.e. be raised up on
high, as mealies heaped up above the
brim of a basket (used in perl'.), dust
rollin ; a road or smoke from a

542 QO

fire before the wind, or a mamba snake
going along with the head held aloft;
tower up, fire up angrily, as a man
when disputing with another [Her. vo-
nga, heap up; (i;i. ngonya, pile up;
Sw. ongeza, increase].

Ex. tola, uqange, pour in, that they (the
mealies j become piled up high.

imamba ihamba iqongile, the mamba goes
along; raised on high i. e. with its head erect.

Qongelela, v. Bring together little by little,
make come together or accumulate, save
up, pile up, as money or food = qogela,
congelela.

Qongeleiana, v. Come together, accumu-
late, mass up, as money, or cattle col-
lecting one after another in one place
= congelelana.

Qongelelanisa, v. = qongelela.

Qongisa, v. Make to be raised on high;
hence, heap up, pile up, as mealies (ace.)
above the brim of a basket.

isi-Qongo, n. Summit, top (even when
flat), of a mountain (cp. isi-Pongo); top
point, crown, of a Native hut; bump or
protuberance on the head of an ox be-
tween the horns [Her. o-honga, top
point; Sw. m-gongo, ridge; chungu,
heap].

um-Qongo, n. 5. That portion of mealies,
etc., in a vessel which rises above its
brim ; pile, cloud, or raised-up mass, as
of dust, smoke or clouds (comp. ama-
Nkonkoivane ).

Phr. umqongo wentombi, a brlmming-full

girl i. p. one who has not yet consummated
connection with a man = intombi engaka-
botshozwa.
Qongqo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Reach the top
of a hill = ukuti dundu, ukuti qoka.

Qongqota (Qongqotha), v. Knock or rap,
as with the knuckles or a stick on the
door (loc. or ace); give one knocks
(metaphor.) when turning on him with
rating words [Her. kongora, knock with
knuckles ; Sw. gong a].

um-Qongqodo or (more freq.) Qongqoto
(Qongqotho), n. 5. Any long, tall, or
high-standing thing, as a long post, tall
tree, man, head, feather, etc.; applied
particularly to the long tail feather of the
ostrich or blue crane worn on the head ;
also to the clubbed stem of the bul-
rush or club-rush.

isi-Qongqwane, n. Outside door-bar of a
Native hut = u-Nobadule, isi-Qobolo,
isi-Gwanxo, um-Xabo.

Qonqa, v. Make the dull knocking sound
of qo qo, as a man felling a tree in the

y

QO 543

wood or a girl pounding up tobacco-
leaves l.u-r.) on a grinding-stone ( qo-
qoza)\ begin to put on small fruit, as
a pumpkin planl I qopa, hlanza >.

i(li)-Qonqela, >/. A very mean, stingy per-
son. Sec ncishana; hojxi.

i-nQonqoyi, n. — i-nDosa.

u(lu)-Qonti (s.t.),n. — um-Shwili.

Qonula, v. Stool or pass excrements with-
out concern, exposedly, or on a public
pathway, as a dog of a child.

Qopa (Qopha),v. Cut slits into the edges
of a strip of skin (ace) to be afterwards
twisted into an i-nJobo tail; notch out
by incisions, as the wood (ace.) in the
interstices of a pattern engraved on the
sides of a Native milking-pail or head-
rest; hence, notch or nick out, or slit
along th«' cducs, generally of anything
(ace); hoe by taking narrow slices, or
mere notches (not large broad clods)
out of the edge of the furrow in front
of one, as a woman does when breaking
up new and hard ground; 'nickname'
a person (ace.) i.e. make derisive or in-
nuating reference to him in some
name or isi-bon(/o whether for himself or
for his cliihl; begin to produce small
fruit, as plants of the pumpkin kind (=
qonqa); make beadwork with a pattern
having narrow alternate stripes of dif-
ferent coloured beads standing vertically
(see i-Dube).

isi-Qopamuti (Qophamuthi), n. Wood-
pecker, of which there are several var-
ieties ( Gampothera notata, C. cubing-

dam, etc.) = u-SibiK/ivebe.

i(li)-Qopela (Qophela), i>. An i-nJobo tail
when made of an i-nTsimba or similar
skin having fine soft nap.

i(li)-Qopo (Qopho), >/. Fringe of skin about
four inches broad attached to the lower
end of the um-Qondo q. v. and making
with it the um-Kindi or girdle originally
worn by girls in Zululand. Com p. um-
Nenezo; (N) a notched ear, as of a sheep
or horse.

i(li)-Qopokezi (Qophokezi), n. = i(li)-Qu-
pukezi.

Qopoloza (Qopholoza), v. Turn snappishly
on a person (ace), as a cross-grained
person.

isi-Qopolozi (Qopholozi), n. Snappish,
cross-grained individual, accustomed to
giving sharp angry answers.

Qoqa, v. Bring together or collect {trans.)
in one place, as mealie-cobs (ace.) when
harvesting, or cattle.

Qoqana, v. Assemble or gather together
in one place, as cattle.

'/•

QO

Qo qo, ukuti (ukuthi),v. ukuti
qoza, qoqoda.

i(M)-Qoqo, //. Group, cluster, or collection
of persons or things together in
place. Comp. i(li)- Viyo, i(li)-Qulo.

isi-Qoqo (Qhoqho), n. Accumulation ol
rocks together in one place, whether on
a hill-top or in a valley, but in general
size smaller than an isi-Xobo.

um-Qoqo, //. .-7. Certain bush bearing an
edible fruit ; kind of Lighl green beade

(collectively I, Of Vai'ioll- dz-

Qoqoda, v. Tap on the head with a -lick,
as when threatening a boy (a •■ a

one boy to another (ace.) of his own
size to show that be is master over
him ; be master over, be too much for,
beat, as one boy over another lace. i
a child its mother, or as any work which
one cannot manage ukuti qo, or jo
qo, qoqoza, tantata.

isi-Qoqodwane (Qhoqhodwane), n.
i-nGqwangqwangqwa.

um-Qoqongo, //. .',. Sour, strong-smelling
amasi or sometimes beer; Black-headed
Oriole (Oriolus larvatus um-Bico-

ikjo); also = um-Qaq< mgo.

Qoqota (Qoqotha), v. = qoqoda.

i(li)-Qoqovane, n. dim. of i(li)-Qoqo.

isi-Qoqowane (Qhoqhowane), n. Small col-
lection or group, as of people, etc.
isi-Qoqo.

Qoqoza, v. — ukuti qo, (/>>(/>>//,/.

u-Qoqoqo ( Qhoqhoqho), n. Windpipe;
(C.X.) = u(lu)-Gonoti [Sw. koo, wind-
pipe; Her. o-ngongo].

i-nQorrolo, a. Hump on the back of a per-
son ( cp. i(li)-Lunda ) ; such a person him-
self isi-Fumbu [Sw. ki-gongo, hump].

Qose, ukuti (ukuthi), <•. = qosehi.

Qosela, v. Nip, pinch sharply, as a person
(ace.) with the nails; Sting, as a wasp

(= suzela); rate a person (j .) with

sharp stinging words qobela.

Qosha (Qhosha), v. Be self-conceited, make
oneself out superior to those around,
put on proud airs ( gqaba); put up
the back, as a cat before a dog, 'putting
on airs', a> the Natives think:

i(li)-Qosha (Qhosha), n. brass-button of
soldiers'-coats ; hence, applied to any
brass-stud or button i i(li)-Qulu);
also i(li)-Qoshela (C.N. fr.Xo. i(lt)*
Qosha, large flat button ).

Qoshama, y. Sit or squal on the hams,
with the iront legs erect, as a doe (used
in pcrf.i; sit with the buttocks on the
ground and the knees erect, as a Native
man is accustomed to d>< ukuti va.

QO 544

um-Qoshampisi (s.p.),n.5. = ama-Ngo-
Iwane,

i(li)-Qoshela (Qhoshela), d. One who gives
himself airs, makes himself out to be
more than he is, as a small boy ima-
gining himself a man.

i-nQoshololo, n. = u(lu)-Qolokosho.

Qota (Qotha), r. Grind dry, as mealies or
mabele, not sprinkling them with water
as is usual during the process; smooth-

QU

en, take off unevenness and rough-
ness, by robbing with sand paper or
an um-dubu leaf or by scraping with
a knife, as one might a stick (ace);
make an end of thoroughly, finish off
entirely ( = qotula ).
Qota (Qhotha), r. Be stooping or bent, as
over one's work or from old age (used
in pert); be curved or bent, as a bow
— qomfa [Her. kota, stoop].

isi-Qota (Qotha), n. 'Short isi-Qwala q. v.

Qotela (Qothela), v. Mix in poison with
snuff for the purpose of takata'ing a
person (ace). See um-Qoto; cp. /tabu-
la; bulela; eqa.

um-Qotelo (Qothelo), n. 5. = um-Qoto.

u-Qotetsheni (Qhothetsheni), n. = u-Kote-
tsheni.

Qotisa (Qhothisa), v. Bend (trans.), curve,
as the bow-stick of an ic-gubu; make
stoop, as work or age.

Qoto, ukuti (Qhotho, ukuthi), v. = qhota;
qhotisa.

Qoto (Qotho), adj. Genuine, real, thor-
oughly good, as a first-class pot, animal,
skilful workman, or a kind-hearted man;
true, trustworthy, faithful, upright, hon-
est, as a proper 'man' ought to be =
,7/70/0, maqoto.

u-Qoto (Qhotho), n. = u-Qotozimbelayo.
i(li)-Qoto (Qotho), n. Knuckle (C.N.) —

i(li)-Qupa.
i(li)-Qoto (Qhotho), n. = i(li)-Kambi.

um-Qoto (Qotho), n. 5. Any medicine mixed
with snuff with the object of killing a
person. Cp. um-Bulelo.

u(!u)-Qoto (Qhotho), 11. Any stiff, dried-up
thing, as a dry hide; dried up, emaciated
person or animal merely a 'dried-up
skin' (= u(lu)-Koto); strip of skin cut
off from the ragged edges of a dressed
hide, and which is used for making
reims, strings, and the like (cp. urn-
Gilo).

u-Qotovane (Qhothovane), n. Miserable
dried-up thing, as a very emaciated per-
son or animn!.

Qotoza (Qhotho?. '), v. Walk with a 'stoop

in the chest' having the head forward,
as persons do who have a weak chest,
or as some Native youths do intention-
ally to show off.

u-Qotozimbelayo (Qhothozimbhelayo), n.
Nickname for a poor, needy, homeless
person, as an orphan or a widow, who
ekes out a precarious existence for him
or herself as best possible.

Qotu, ukuti (Qothu, ukuthi), v. = qotuka;
qotula; ukuti kota.

Ex. ixinkomo sexapela qotu, the cattle have
died clean out.

Qotuka (Qothuka), v. Get finished clean
off, as food, money, or snuff; get rubbed
or worn off, as the nap or hair of a
skin so as to leave this latter bare
= kotuka.

Qotula (Qothula), v. Finish clean off, as
a person his money (ace), food, snuff,
etc. ; rub or wear off, as constant fric-
tion might the nap (ace) or hair on a
skin = kotula.

Ex. ixinkomo sexashaya xaqottda ummbila
/rami, the cattle have already cleared off my
mealies entirely.

Qotulisa (Qothulisa), v. Cause to scrape
or lick clean out i. e. give one the scrap-
ings, as of snuff, etc. (doub. ace).

isi-Qova (Qhova), n. Crest, tuft, or plume
of any kind on the head of some birds,
or as worn as an ornament by men
whether on the top, back, front or sides
of head = isi-Luba. Cp. i(li)-Hunu,
isi-Dhlodhlo, isi-Saka, um-Nyakanya.

Qoyi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Give to a person
(ace), or serve out to him in a very
small quantity, just a mouthful or taste,
as beer (ace) snuff, etc. = ukuti gqobi.

Qoza (Qhoza), v. = ukuti qo.

isi-Qozoba (Qhozoba), n. = isi-Qezeba;
big, firm-set mouth.

Qu, ukuti (Qhu, ukuthi), v. Dry up, or be
dried up entirely, as water in a cooking
pot or in a river ; pop, make a bursting
noise, as a mealie-grain or chestnut when
roasting, or an u-singa pod, or gun =
quma.

Qu, ukuti (Qhu, ukuthi— sometimes vowel
prolonged J, v. Resound, make the dull
drum-like thud qu, as a hide-shield when
struck (see qnquza); go along in a long
continuous train, as a lot of wagons or
cattle = quma, qumuka, ukuti burnt.

Qu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fu; quza;
(/iizeka; quia; qunya.

isi-Qu,w. Bottom, i. e. flat lower part, of
a basket o)' pot, by which it stands;
lower or thick end, as of a bundle of

QU

ass, or tapering pillar; root cud, of a
tree; hence, used for 'stump' of same
when the body of the tree has been felled
( isi-Punzi); root or origin of a mat-
ter ( isv-Delcu, lsi-Ziml><tii )\ medicinal
prophylactic or medicine, not used for
curing diseases, hut for preserving
against or preventing all manner of evfl
emergencies, and such as would be ad-
ministered by a doctor to 'hold in check'
a disease he has hceu suddenly called
upon to treat and until he can fetch his
actual remedies, or such as are worn as
a neck-lace or string ornament round the
body by a warrior who has killed a
man in battle prob. called by this name
from the fact of such emergency medi-
cines being gen. kept in the shape of little
chopped-off pieces or tiny stumps; side
of the eye i. e. white part at the angle
of the lids -only used in the phrase
below [Her. otyi-pute, stump of tree].

Phi. wangibeka ngexiqu tamehlo, he looked
at me with the sides of the eves, /. e. he
had his ocular attention directed on me
without actually Looking straightly at me,
as when suspicious of a near neighbour's
actions, expecting a sudden blow, etc.

Quba, v. Run along; raise up dust (with
u-/iili); lie down, as a buck resting, not
sleeping (used in perf.); sleep in the open
veldt, merely 'lying down', as a man
travelling; also = quia.

Ex. y'iloku aqubayo, he has been all along
running about, on the travel.

Quba (Qhuba), v. Drive along, as cattle
(ace); push along, as a person (by
moral or physical persuasion) or wheel-
barrow; bring along, hand over, as one's
money (ace.) or any article to another
(with ku): go on with, push along
with, as a story (ace.) or evidence;
make go along, pass away, as a person
his time (ace.) by some recreation [Ga
goba, drive; Sw. kumba, push; Her.
puma, drive].

Ex. qnba-ke.' goon! continue! i with your
story i.

uqub'okwake nje, he just drives along his
own concerns, i.e. is self-seeking, acts from
personal motives.

Phr. mus'ukuqub'imbuiii nyakimi! — see
i- hi Bh : /'.

wangiquba ngamadolo, he drove me along
on my knees, /. e. he go1 me to go on ahead.
telling me he would follow immediately,
whereas he intended to follow only at his
leisure, thus leaving me to go alone.

i(li)-Quba, n. Place of dung i.e. lair where
a herd of wild beasts, as buffaloes, ele-

545 qu

phants, etc., are accustomed to congre-
gate ; site of an old cattle-fold.
i um-Quba, n. :,. Cattle-dung when dry and
powdered up on the ground of the cattle-
fold commonly called 'manure'; stu-
pid, lazy, gOOd-for-nothing man or wo-
man ; blood or tribal relatives ( collective-
l.\ ) i. '■■ all persons <d' near or remote
relationship having the same isi-bongo
as one's father ( u(lu)-Zalo).

Qubalala ukuti (ukuthi), v.
basha.

ill. nl'i

,,„

i(li)-Qubankomo (Qhubankomo), n. Nam.'
sometimes applied to a cattle-thief, also to

a lobola'd girl; (C.N.) certain star (per-
haps Spiea of the constellation Virgo)
which precedes the morning-star about

September time, and indicates tic- time
when stolen cattle are carried oft.

um-Qubankunzi (Qhubankunzi), n. 5. Var-
iety of the um-Tungulu.

Qubasha, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Take a mo-
ment's rest, as when sitting down from
work; just sit down for a moment, as
when on a visit but not intending to stay;
take a lie-down, a short nap ukuti

qubalala; cp. ukuti fokoto; isi-Hlwati.

Qubeka (Qhubeka), /'. (let along, push
forward (intrans. ), make progress, as
a wagon travelling, a boy in his studies,
or a period of time.

Ex. kaqubeki tidaico, he make-, no prog
whatsoever.

ixintsuku liyaqubeka, the day- are pan
ing by.

qubeka bo! move on! — as to a person block-
ing the way, or taking up room on a bench.

Qubezela (Qhubezela), /'. Push along, help
or make to go forward, as when incit-
ing one to continue quarrelling; push
or pass along for one (ace.), carry for-
ward to one gradually, as an article sent,
or a message.

Qubu, ukuti (i/lr /// In), /'. break out uni-
versally, on all sides at once, as mealies
coming up together all over the Geld,
a rash breaking out all over one's body,
or several unpleasant affairs cropping
up for one at the same time ukuti

riiiiihn, qubuka, <ju/>n/(t.
i(li)-Qubu (Qhubu),n. bulge, of any kind;

bump, roundish swelling.
i(li)-Qubu (no jilnr.), n. Small soft feathers

or down, as of a rabbit or on the breast

of a bird. See isi-Hlupe.
i-nQubu,//. Sharp bend of a river

i-nGoni, isi-Kumbuzi.
isi-Qubu, >/. Speed, swiftne i(li)-Ju

bane. Cp. u(lu)-Shezi.

35

546
abundance

QU

u(lu)-Qubu (Qubhu), n. Groat
of atnasi. Cp. um-Vundo.

Qubuka (s.k.), v. Break out i.e. get broken
out everywhere, as a person's body by
a rash or eruption of pimples, or as paint
into little swellings by the sun; come
up thickly, as corn in a field; break forth
or turn, as a person's stomach when
he is about to vomit (=gubuka); break
out in a rage at a person (ela form
and ace. = qubulela); dangle about,
swing from side to side, 'as though fall-
ing off', as any long hanging fringe or
hair, or tails of a man when walking;
get 'raised' or made to fly about, as the
particles of rubbish, or dust from a coat
or sack when shaken (= qabuzeka).

Qubukula (s. k.), v. = kupulula, vubukula.
Qubukuli, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = kupu-
lula.
Qubukusha (Qhubukusha), v. = qubusha.

um-Qubukusho (Qhubukusho), n. 5. Stitch,
or catching pain one sometimes gets in
the stomach or sides, and which pre-
vents further motion = um- Vubukulo.
See qubusha.

Qubula, v. Drive along quickly so as to
make run, as cattle (ace.) from a field
or in order to be in spanned ( but not
gen. used when in the wagon); cause to
break out in a rash or eruption, as a
nettle ; thresh out a second time, as ears
of mabele (ace.) still containing some
grain remaining; dance the isi-qubulo
<j. v. ; break out angrily at one (ace.
with ela form); shake or make fly about,
as the dust or particles of rubbish (ace.)
from a sack or coat.

i(li)-Qubula, n. = um-Lalane.

um-Qubula, n. 5. Dress for dancing the
isi-qubulo in, presented by the Zulu
king to certain favourites, and formed of
three girdles or kilts of i-nT.dmango
tails, one of which was worn low over
the buttocks, another above the hips
and a third over the shoulders like a
• •ape, thus covering the body entirely
from neck to knee.

Qubuleka (s.k.), v. = qubuka.

isi-Qubulo, n. Certain quiet, stately kind
of dance (with accompanying song) per-
formed by men at the royal festival and
at weddings, differing from the i-nKo-
ndhlo in not being of .1 quick and spi-
rited movement, and from an isl-Gerre
in not being accompanied by any clap-
ping of hands. Cp. um-Pendu; i-ntsikazi.

i-nQubulunjwana, n. Chicken-pox.

Qubusha (Qhubusha), v. Make bulge out,
make poke out, as the contents might

QU

one's pocket (ace.) or a sack; push
slightly, poke a person (ace), etc., with
the elbow, shoulder, or head, as a goat
when butting another with its head, a
man when giving another a nudge with
the elbow, or when jostling through a
crowd ; treat with marked coldness, give
one (ace.) the cold shoulder, as persons
might a certain disliked individual when
meeting him in society ; catch or stick
a person (ace), as do certain sharp
neuralgic pains in the stomach, etc.,
preventing him from moving = qubu-
kusha; see um-Qubukusho.

i(li)-Qubusha, n. (N.) = i(li)-Boboni.

Qubuza, v. Shake, by a gentle waving mo-
tion (not by vigorously flapping), as a
sack (ace.) or sleeping-mat to remove
any dust or particles ; shake about i. e.
wear any long supple dangling thing that
swings from side to side as one walks,
as a long isi-dwaba (ace), an i-dhlaka
or girdle made of long tails, or any
fringe-like thing as a goat with its long
hair (ace); scatter about or cast off by
shaking, as dust and small particles
(ace) from a mat; make a dust (ace),
as when shaking a dirty sack, or as
children romping in the dust (= bu-
quza ).

Quda (Qhuda), v. Sit, or be kept, close
in a hut, as a girl during a vimbezela
visit (used in perf.). Cp. fofobala; qo-
bodisa.

i(li)-Qude (Qhude), n. Cock, of fowls. See
linga; qanda [Ku. mthupi; Be. mkolo-
we; Sum. ikungulume; Ra. ndeu].

Phr. samkipa iqicde, or sapuma naye iqude.
we cast him out like a cock, or we went out
with him as with a cock, i. e. made him
stand alone awav from our society, drove
him out of our company, just as one cock
is driven off by the others. See peitd/i/a.

'qude! 'maniki for 'manikiniki) ! go it,
cock! pull him to rags! — used to urge on
a person fighting, quarrelling, etc., with
another.

isi-Qude (Qhude — no plur.J, n. Member
or members of a community or assem-
bly of any kind who rarely appear there,
those who generally stay at home, the
cast-outs from ordinary society — see
phrase above.

Ex. namhla oQwayinduku baxe bafika ne-
siijinlr sabo, to-day the Qwayinduku-district
people arrived (at the dance, at church, etc.)
even with those of them who are usually
stayers-at-home, not apparent in society.

Qudula (Qhuduld), v. Pout the mouth
(umlomo), as a cross child or angry
man = pukula, qukula.

QU

547

i-nQudulu, n. Any stumpy flat-pointed
thing, us a piece of wood out off flat at
the bottom, the bumps on the head «>i* a
hornless cow, or a woman without a
top-knot. Cp. i-nGqukuqa [Sw. ki-gutu,
stump of a limb; Her. otyi-pute, stump
of tree].

Qukata (Qukatha), v. Clin*;- to with the
heart, stick to, refuse to part with or

>let go, as any article of possession (ace)
one values, or a boy his sticks (ace.)
when another seeks to wrest them from
him; take to heart, refuse to forget or
let pass, as a person anything (ace.)
another has said about him qokotela
[Her. kakatera, cling to; Sw. ambata].

Quku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.),v. = ukuti nquku.

Qukula (s.k.),v. = nqukula.

Qukuia (Qhukula), v. = qudula.

u-Qukulu (s.k.),n. Big toe, of man. Cp.
isi-Tupa.

Qukuiuza (Qhukuluza), v. = gqula.

Qukuluzi, ukuti (Qhukuluzi, ukuthi), v. =
gqula.

isi-Qukuma (s.k.),n. = i-nGqukuqa.

i-nQukumba (Qukumbha),n. = i-nGqu-
kumba.

isi-Qukuqa (s.k.),n. = i-nGqukuqa.

um-Qukutu (Qukuthu), n. 5. = i-nDikimba.

isi-Qukuva (s.k.),n. = i-nGqukuqa.

Qukuza (s.k.),v. Grind on the stone, or
(metaphor.) in the mouth, a very large
quantity of grain, as mealies (cp. ki-
qiza); (C.N.) touch or strike gently.

Quia, v. Sit down awaitingly (used in
perf.), as men when some work is
about to be done, a case to be tried, or
when a person sits down at any spot
awaiting the passage of somebody (ela
form and ace.) expected; cluster toge-
ther, as bees or locusts on a tree, or
cattle or pigs together when cold; throw
out bodily, in a mass, any 'flowing' thing,
as water (ace.) out of a basin or pota-
toes out of a basket (= ukuti qu)',
hesitate, doubt, as to what opinion or
course of action one should lake | only
used in negative), as when forming a
judgment or taking punitive measures.
Ex. ngafika ngaqula pantsi kwomuli; ka-
uing'eza, I got to sit down waiting under
a tree, but he never came.

angiquli na'kuqula, uma icala liya lapo,
ukuti umfana uyakulungiswa, I have no
doubt whatever, if the case is taken there,
that the hoy will be put right.
Quia (Qhula),v. = asuga, hluzela.
i-nQula, n. — see i-Nqula.

QU
qalel a.

Quleka (s. /.-.), v.

i(li)-Qulo, ii. Cluster Or swarm, as of i

or locusts resting on a tree < i(liy
Bololwane); multitude, large number,
'swarm' as of people or cattle tation-
ary together. Cp. isi-Qumbi; i(li)-Qoqo\
i(l i )- Vvyo.

i(li)-Qulu, a. i(li)-Qulo.

i(li)-Qulu (Qhulu),n. i(li)-Qosha.

i-nQulu, n. see i-Nqulu.

um-Qulu, n. '). Any Long roll or rolled-up
thing, as of carpet, or 'roly-poly' pud-
ding; the top part of a woman's
dwaba where it is rolled up forming

the top edge.
um-Qulukushu (s. /::), n. 5. um-Bulukuqu.

Qulula (Qhulula),v. Strip off by a single
sliding motion of the Angers, as beads
(ace.) from a string or peas from a pod
(not mealie-grains from the cob gu-
muza) = hulula [Sw. pua, shell beans;
Her. puha, strip off].

Qulusa, v. Show the buttocks i.e. raise
them up conspicuously (even when cov-
ered), as a person when stooping (comp.
dunusa); lie naked or with the buttock ■
uncovered, as in sleep I dindiliza).

Ex. indhlu iyaqulusa, the hut i- falling
forward over the doorway (as though the
back part were raised .

Quma (Qhuma), v. Pop, burst < i. e. piake

a bursting noise), as a mealie-grain or
chestnut being roasted, a person break-
ing out into laughter, an ursinga pod,
or a gun firing ( ukuti </// ): bi
sively fat; go along in a long, continu-
ous train or procession, as wagons, or
cattle to drink (= ukuti qu, qumuka,
ukuti burru; cp. gquma).

Ex. inc.! ink<>>i>>> liqumile, tiya
there are the cattle going home in
procession.

i-nQuma, n. — see i-Nquma.

um-Qumane (Qhumane), n
animal or person, ' ready

Qumba ( Qumbha), v. Swell
bladder when Mown into;
as the stomach with flatulence I used in
peri'.); he grumpy, put out, have the
sulks, as one whom something has dis-
pleased; have the sulks or a hitter feel-
in- towards another (ace vunda)\
throw out or down bodily, in a ma- .
as a man ( ace.) on the -round, water
from a bucket, or potatoes from a bas-
ket ( ukuti </», quia ) [Her. kumba-

t,l, swell as the eyes].

i-nQumba (Qumbha), n. < Nyati.

■ >.

to

< i.'ll/'l.
a long

fat

Very

hurst *.

out, as a

he swollen,

QU

um-Qumbalala (Qumbhalala), n. 5. Any
'stuffed out' body, as a well-filled feather
bed, a person with a fine plump body
and limbs, or a carcase of any dead
animal when already swollen from accu-
mulation of gas.

i(li) or ama-Qumbe (Qumbhe), n. Grum-
piness, the grumps. Comp. ama-Gfqubu.

Qumbeka (Qumbheka), v. Get swollen out;
get made grumpy; get thrown out or
down bodily, as above see qumba.

Qumbelana (Qumbhelana), v. Be stifled,
choked, as a person when filling with
wind from being throttled or held by
the mouth and nostrils = futelana,
kuntelana.

isi-Qumbi (Qumbhi), n. Anything collected
in a close mass together — hence, clump,
as of trees or mealies growing thickly
together in a patch (cp. isi-Qundu);
massed heap, pile, as of mealie-cob
thrown together here and there when
harvesting; compact mass, or crowd,
great group (perhaps more than 50), of
people or cattle moving or standing to-
gether. Cp. i(li)-Qulo; i(li)-Qoqo, etc.

um-Qumbi (Qumbhi), n. 5. Swelling or
filling out of the top of a mealie, ma-
bele, or hnfe plant when the ear or seed-
tuft is about to appear (not applied to
the boiling up of the mealie cob). See
mumata; sohla.

Ex. amabele ami as'e'mqumbi, or as'e
imqumbi, my Kafir-corn is now swelling at
the tuft i. e. about to burst out in flower or

CM'.

Qumbisa (Qumbhisa), v. Cause flatulence,

as beans.
um-Qumbisa (Qumbhisa), n. 5. Any food

causing flatulence.
u-Qumbu (Qumbhu), n. Thing poured out,

or coining pouring down, bodily, in one

mass (not by gradual pouring), as water

thrown from a bucket or potatoes from

a basket; (C.N.) also = u-Nomtebe. See

qumba.

Ex. amanxd wawatela waw'uqumbu pexu

kwami, he threw the water in a mass over

me.
isikonyane safiJea saw'ttqumbu, the locusts

came pouring down in swarms.

i-nQumbu (Qumbhu), n. Kind of rush or
long river-grass of two varieties, used
for mat-making and as fibre; also

i-nQumbu (Quumbhu), »■ Backbiting talk,
a slanderous tongue.

Ex. unenqumbu, she ih given to backbiting.
Qumbuka (Qhumbhuka), v. = qambuka.

QU

(Qhumbhukhwekh/re),

548

um-Qumbukwekwe
n. 5. Certain shrub, growing in old
fields and by rivers, whose leaves fold
up at night.

Qumbusa (Qhumbhusa), v. = qambusa.

i(li)-Qume (Qhume), n. Hemp (i-nTsangu)
that has not grown well (that of good
quality = u-Noto. u-Nqaqa ) ; mealie-
grain that has burst open in the roasting.

u(lu)-Qume (Qhume), n. Small bush (Hip-
pobromus alatus) whose roots are used
as an emetic by aba-ngoma, and young
lovers 'to make them look nice and lov-

able ' ; as a cure for headache, an infu-
sion being poured into the nostrils; as
an isibetelelo, etc.

X.B. An umtakati makes an infusion of
the root of this plant, mixing therein a little
earth from the footprint of a person he may
wish to kill. Taking the mixture as an
emetic, he vomits the whole into the hole
of a snake, calling out the name of the par-
ticular person after doing so. The desired
effect will be the speedy demise of the in-
dividual so conjured !

Qumfa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti qumfe.

Qumfaza, v. = qumfeza.

Qumfe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go along with
an apparent difficulty to get forward,
with a kind of receding motion, as when
walking in the sand, or plodding tired-
out along a road, or a buck when trying
to run up a hill = uktiti qumfa, qu-
mfeza.

Qumfeza, v. = ukuti qumfe, qumfaza.

isi-Qumfemfe, n. Short-legged, long bodied
person, who when walking doesn't seem
to be making any progress. See ukuti
qumfe.

um-Qumo (Qhumo), n. 5. Long, continuous
train, as of cattle, people, or wagons,
going along one after the other = vm-
Qobe; cp. um-Gqumo.

u-Qurriqumu, n. (C.N.) = u-Gqiimgqumu.

i-nQumu, n. — see i-Nqumu.

um-Qumu (Qhumu), n. 5. Soft, baggy ex-
tremity or barrel of a young feather
( which when it grows into a hardened
quill is called i-Mpempe) = um-Nqumu.

Qumuka (Qhtimuka), v. Get burst, as a
mealie-grain when roasting ; get burst
/. e. burst out, as a man into tears or
laughter; get going along in a long con-
tinuous train or troop, as cattle or wa-
gons = ukuti qu, quma.

i-nQumunqumu, n. Any cartilaginous or
gristly flesh of a soft kind that can be
champed (see qumuza), as the soft ex-
tremities of some bones, gristly bone-

QU

549

cushions, a cow's car, etc. (not the wind-
pipe, as too tOUgh) Cp. i-ti h'nimu-
nrrumu.
Qumuza or Qumuzela (Qhumuza), /'. Champ
or oat anything (ace.) of a waxy, solid-
pasty nature, as honey-comb, now boiled
mealies, a lump of fat or cartilage (sec
i-nQumungumu) ; strike a person (ace.)
violently on the head so as to draw-
Mood, 'hurst ' his head open.

um-Qumuza (QJunnuza), //. .',. Any kind
of food or thing that gets chewed or
eaten as above, ('p. i-nQumunqumu.
Qunda, /•. Blunt, take the sharpness or
y edge off, as a hoc (ace) or knife, whether
Y by wear, chipping or turning of tin1
edges, etc.; take the keenness off a per-
son's (ace.) feelings, expectations or de-
sires (as by informing him that the game
is over, the quarry is gone, etc.), or off
the actions of an umtakati or an enemy's
assegai (by use of the charm i-nGqu-
nda q. v.); dim or make faint the eyes
( i. e. eyesight, amehlo ), as does a blind-
ing glare or the shades of twilight (comp.
ubu-Tuntu).
Qundeka (s. k.), v. Get blunt, have the edge
or sharpness taken off, as a knife or hoe;
have the keenness taken off one's powers,
desires, intentions, etc., by some frustra-
ting or impairing influence, or by an
i-nGqunda charm; hence, get frustrated,
balked, in one's intentions by little diffi-
culties constantly cropping up (seearaa-
Nqundanqunda); get dimmed, rendered
faint, as one's eyes (amehlo i. e. eyesight)
by a glaring light or the shades of even- '
ing (gen. used in perf.).

Ex. isikova kasiboni emini, wmeblo aso
a<iiut<lrlcile, the owl doesn't see iu the day-
time, its eyes have had their keenness dulled.
isi-Qundu, n. Clump or single intertangled
clod of grass, generally of the longer
kinds, as one frequently finds between
the rocks in river-drifts, in the middle
of roads, or of tambootie in the veldt
(not used of clump of mealies or trees
— see isi-Qumbi, isi-Xobo) — isi-Dindi.
Qundubeza, v. Make blunt, cause the edge
or sharpness to be lost, as a person a
hoe (ace.) or knife = ukutl qundubesi,
qunda.
Qundubezi, ukuti (ukuthi),V.= qundubeza.
Qunga, v. The original and now obsolete
meaning of this word seems to have
been to 'discolour, render of a dirty,
muddied, darkened appearance1 (cy.gqu-
nqa); hence nowadays, darken over,
become darkly cloudy, as the sky before
a storm (used in perf.); go through the

QU

process "I self-fortification againsl evil
consequences <>v influences by means ol
Bmearing the body with charred medi-
caments, charms, etc., as does a man
who has killed another in battle, or the
chief annually at the ukw-eshwama (q. v.)\
make a thing into a discoloured mixtun .
infusion, etc, with <>r by means of some-
thing else, properly by pouring into or
upon it this latter material, BO as to form
one mixture or brew, i. <•. mix up oni
substance (ace.) with another < with nga i.
one being a liquid, by a pouring pro-
cess thus, uku-qunga itiye (ngama
nzi), to mix up tea by means of wai< r,
that is, to make tea; uku-qunga umlaza
(ngobisi), to mix up whey with fresh
milk, so as to more rapidly bring about
the fermentation of the latter into amasi;
uku-qunga amanzi (or utshwala) nge-
ntlama, to mix up the water (or beer-
water) with mabele-dough, in the brew-
ing of Kafir-beer; uku-qunga aman
to mix up water by ladling it up and
down from a height, as a child playing
with it.

Phr. uku-qunga isibindi, to make oneself
bold, callous, fearless, hardhearted nr indil-
ferent, as when one sums up courage to d<>
a fearful thing or to overcome a sympathetic
feeling.

N.B. Every Zulu man who might, whether
in war or otherwise, have killed another man,
was, before being able to return and mix
with his family, required to go through a
certain elaborate ceremony of purification or
fortification called uku-qunga. This in the
case of an army, was regularly arranged for
by the king. After having killed his adver-
sary, the victor (now called an i-Nxeleha, bis
assegai also being called by the Bame nam<
would immediately doff his ibeshu and pul
on that of the man lie had killed He would
then go to the river and wash the whole
body, afterwards doctoring himself with cer-
tain' prescribed herbs. Affixing a -prig of
i-pingantlola in his hair, he could now direct
his course home, but must keen on the look-
out for any Btrange female he may come
across, as, before he can lake up his residence
in the kraal, he must tir>t have had Bexual
intercourse with some female or other o\ a
tribe not his own, otherwise even at home.

he musl continue to live out on the veldt.
Upon entering hi- kraal. In- must ncituUi
a large variety <>(' medicines or fighting
charm'-, called' i-xembe climnyama — thia
before partaking of any kind of food. lb'
then nctnda's with milk mixed with other
medicines or cleansing charm-, called the
i-xembe cli>/i/il>>/»'. This done, he i* clean,
and may again freely enter society and par-

QU

550

QU

take of ainasi; hut until lie dies, he must
never again eat amasi made from the milk
of a cow whose calf has not yet shown the
horns ; and every year he must refrain from
eating the i-hlobo or first-fruits of the now
season i. c. the pumpkins, calabashes, and
the like, nor partake of any beer made from
the first corn of the new year — unless, in
all eases, he shall have first fortified himself
by certain mediciual charms. See i(li)-Qungo.

isi-Qunga, />. Tambootie or lemon-grass
( Andropogon marginatus), a long reed-
like grass used for thatching, also for
giving light in the huts at night. Cp.
u(lu)-Baqa.

u(lu)-Ql'nga, n. Certain kind of grass,
resembling the preceding; sometimes
applied to the preceding; single dry
stalk of either kind, used for lighting
at night time, etc.; secret messenger
sent to one to give warning of danger
(= u(lu)-Baqa, i-nKasa; cp. i-mVusi).

um-Qunge, n. 5. Dried stripe, as of tears
or morning spittle on the face or mouth ;
(C.X.) stripe of an animal (= um-Tende).

Ex. is'i'miquiige ingane yako, your child
is all dried stripes (from crying) on his face.

i(li)-Qungo, //. Insanity caused in an i-
Nxeleha who has neglected the process
of uku-qunga (q. v.). Cp. i(U)-Zembe.

isi-Qungo, n. Whole process of self-fortifi-
cation against evil influences gone
through by a man who has killed an-
other. See qungd.

um-Qungo, n. 5. Contents of a particular
imbiza into which a small quantity of
milk is poured daily and left to curdle,
till the pot becomes full, whereupon it is
made into i-pehlwa or butter for smear-
ing purposes; contents of a certain
ukamba into which a little whey is put
and upon it some sweet-milk poured, so
quickly to ferment and produce amasi
i i-nGqunge. Cp. i(li)-Hongo). See
qunga; ama-Hambangapantsi.

i(li)-Qungqu, n. Any thing of unusually
large body or bulk, as a hut, man, pot,
pumpkin, hemp-plant, etc. Cp. u(lu)-Da-
dawe; i-nGqenge.

isi-Qungqu, u. Any large bulky earthen-pot
or round-shaped basket, as an u(tu)-Piso,
an ismBenge yomcaba, or an isi-Cumu.

Qungquluza, v. Lie perfectly nude (=dindi-
liza; comp. qunguza); lie perfectly ex-
posed, clear, in the open, as a hill or
kraal I used in perf.).

Qungquta (Qungqutha), v. Shake out by
beating, as dust (ace.) from a blanket
or mat (ace.) by knocking it with a

stick, or as snuff from a snuff-box by
a gentle tapping. Cp. tiutita.
um-Qungu, n. 5. = um-Qunge.

u(lu) --Qunguqu (Qhunguqhu), n. Thin-bodied
person, male or female.

Qunguza, v. Go with bare, unwrapped
body, as Native men usually do or girls
at a dance, or with bare hairless body,
like a snake — hlambalazela; cp. bu-
shuzela; nquna.

um-Quntsalala (Qhuntsalala), n. 5. Any

thing of a fibrous, stringy nature, as
tough meat, a certain kind of sweet-
potato, etc.

Quntsu, ukuti (Qhimtsu, ukuthi), v. = qu-
ntsuka; quntsula.

Quntsu ka (Qhuntsuka), v. Get strained or
drawn tensely, as a rope, the veins when
shouting, eyes when glaring, or the
ligaments when pulled violently ; get
over-strained, get burst, snap from
tension, as a string; get burst i.e. burst
out, as into laughter (with hleka. Comp.
qintsika ).

Quntsula (Qhuntsula),v. Strain or draw
tensely, as a person a rope (ace), his
veins or eyes when shouting angrily, or
the body ligaments when pulling a limb
violently; overstrain, burst, make snap
from tension, as a string (ace).

Ex. wangiquntsulela amehlo, he stared or
glared at me.

imgiquntsule amate, he has made me
strain out spittle, made my mouth water.

isi-Quntu (s.t.),n. Short, stunted, under-
grown mealie-cob, person, etc.

u(lu) or ubu-Quntu (s.t.),n. Short stunted
hair, i. e. which never grows beyond a
certain short length, as on a man's chin,
etc.

Ex. isilevu sake esiVuquntu, his short
scrubby beard.

Qununu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Race off, run
along with all one's might, as a frightened
child or one sent quickly for water —
qununuza.

i(li)-Qununu, n. Person with large buttocks,
belly and body generally (C.N.).

Qununuza, v. = ukuti qununu.

Qunya, v. Deal a person (ace.) a 'thump-
ing' blow or forcible thrust with a stick
or fist on any soft, resounding part of
the body = ndonya.

Quqa (Qupha), v. Screw together the tips
of the; fingers (see i-nGcungwana), as
a small boy is sometimes commanded to
do by a bully, that he may strike them
and then tell him to 'komba ekaya ko-

QU 551

nyoko' i.e.' point to your mother's home'

= ijafa.
i(li)-Qupa (Qwpha),n. Knuckle, finger-joint.

Cp. qupa\ ama-Tupa.
i(li)-Qupukezi (Quphukezi), n. Big, heavy

hand or foot i(li)-Qopokezi.
Qupula (Quphula), v. Pick out, as one ox
(ace.) out of a herd, or one man from a
crowd ; pick out or turn on any particular
Individual (ace.) from among a number,
as to vent one's wrath on him or cause
him to fight (comp. qala i.
Qupuza (s.)).),v. = gqubuza,
Quqa (Qhuqha), v. Shiver, from cold;
tremble, from fear ( = gedezela, etc.);
' (C.N. fr. Xo.) trot, as a horse.
u(lu)-Quqaba, n. Immense number, swarm,
or crowd of anything congregated to-
gether, as locusts, cattle, people, etc.
u(lu)-Quqo (Qhuqho), n. Shivering, such
as would accompany a fever or ague, or-
is caused by excessive drinking = ama-
Quqwane; cp. ama-Gohvane.
i(li)-Ququ, n. Certain strong smell pecu-
liar to the body of the he-goat and of
some human-beings about the arm-pits.
Cp. um-Sanka; u(lu)-Hlofu.
Ququbala, v. Sit huddled up, with the legs,
arms and body drawn closely in, as Na-
tives do when in grief, or over a dying
person, or at a trial, or when very cold
( not used of the huddling together for
want of room = minyana).
Ququda, v. Grind with the teeth any hard
grating thing, as hard-roasted mealic-
/* grains or a bone (ace.) — guguda.

Phr.« uku-ququda imihlati, to grind one's
jaws, as when wild with anger = uku-dhla
imihlati.

uku-ququda amaxinyo, to grind the teeth,
as in sleep.
Qiiqudu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ququda.
Quqululu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Squat down
for a short time, as when on a short
visit or when taking snuff while at
work ; also = ququbala.
u-Quqululu, n. Large locust without wings

(C.N.).
isi-Ququmadevu, n. Fabulous animal, of
various descriptions, figuring in Native
nursery-tales; applied to a sturdy, thick-
set, muscular, hardy-looking man.
um-Ququmbelo (Qhuqhumbhelo), n. 5. Kind
of song-dance practised by Christian
Natives (N).
isi-Quququ (Qhuqhuqhu), n. Person or
beast with a big, bulky, muscular body.
Ququta (Qhuqhutha), v. = ququza.

QU

i(li)-Ququva (Qhuqhuva), n. i(li)-Ququwe.

isi-Ququva, //. Great big u(lu)-Ququva

(q. v.) of :i person.

u(lu)-Ququva, n. Thing of a sliff, BtOUt,

strong nature, as an unusually thick
hide, isirdwaba, or n Btoul cloth; hence,
a Btiff-bodied, muscular, hard-looking
person; thing with a dried-up, whitish,
dirty appearance, as an old un-oiled
isi-dwaba, a scurfy face, etc.

isi-Ququvela, v. (C.N.) isi-Ququva.
i(li)-Ququwe (Qhuqhuwe), n. Bubble, as of
soap-water or hemp-spittle; large blister
on the body, as from a Bcald i(li)-

Ququva, i(h)-Ba in u za.
Ququza (Qhuqhuza), v. Rap or drum re-
peatedly on a shield (ace.) with a stick,
as is done in certain dances, or to Bcare
off a wild-beast or locusts (ace. or with
ela form ).
ama-Quqwane (Qhuqhwane), n. = u(lu)-

Quqo.
Qushu, ukuti (Qhiishu, ukuthi), v. Prick,
pierce slightly, as with any sharp in-
strument of which the point alone enters
(cp. ukuti g qushu, cambusa); give an
exploding puff, as steam exploding for-
cibly from a cooking-pot when closely
covered ( cp. pus ha ) ; munch, as mea-
lies (ace).

Ex. Icawati qushu, he didn't give ;i puff
i.e. didn't say a single word.
i(li) or isi-Qushumba (Qushumbha), u. Big
fat person with firm, not Qabby, flesh
= isi-Jaqabd.
i-nQushumba or (more freq.) Qushumbana
(Qushumbha), n. Momentary or passing
ill-feeling or 'grumps' againsl a person,
as when displeased with some word or
action of his (cp. i(li)-Gaubu; um-Vu-
ndela; ama-Ntlvsiyo)\ big, protruding,
hard-blown belly; the owner of Buch.

Ex. uku-m-bambda umuntu inqushumbana,
to be in the grumps with one.
Qushuza (Qhushuza), v. ukuti qushu.
Quta (Qhutha), v. Pick or pluck oul or
off (by the finger), as prickles lace.)
from one's clothes, Feathers from a fowl.
or hair from the private parts of the
body = hluta. Comp. qutula.
Quta (Qutha), v. Screw up, draw up to-
gether, as the mouth (ace), or a cat its
body when about to spring, or a snail
its body when touched.

Ex. uBani uqutile, So-and-so haH the mouth
screwed up, i. e. is cross.
Qutu, ukuti (Qhttthu, ukuthi),v. quta
(qhuta); qutula; qutuka.

QU

u-Qutu (Quthu), n. Small kind of grass-
hopper; short person.
Qutuka ( Qhuthuka), v. Get plucked for-
cibly, pulled or torn out or off, as below
= 111 ut uka.
Qutula (Qhuthula), v. Pluck forcibly, pull
or tear off, out, or up (by the hand), as
a bunch of grass or weeds (ace.), or a
piece of tough meat from between the
teeth; pull a person (ace.) to pieces by
abusing him bitterly right and left =
hi tit uJ a. Cp. quia; boncula.
Qutulula (Qhuthulula), v. — qutula.
Quza, r. Make a person (ace.) turn back
on his way, or in his purpose, as a per-
son going out for something, or a girl
in her choice of a young man (= ukuti
'pi); pour or throw out bodily, in a
mass, as water (ace.) from a bucket or
potatoes from a basket (= ukuti qu,
quia, qtimba); fly at, run at and about
a person (ace.) in a barking, dangerous-
looking manner, but not biting, as a dog
might a kraal-visitor.
Quzeka (s.k.),v. Turn back (intrans.) i.e.
get made to turn back on one's way, or
from one's purpose, as a man going out
and returning for something he has for-
gotten, or a girl in her choice of a
sweetheart = ukuti qu.
isi-Quzi, u. Large kind of lizard or small
iguana, harmless in the field and thus
unlike the i-Bambazi.

I'hr. isiquxi esingadhli 'ntsehva m'muntu,
a lizard that eats nobody's calabashes — said
of a quiet, harmless, easy-going man who
troubles nobody.
Quzu, ukuti (Qhuzu, ukuthi), v. = quzu-
ka; quzula; ukuti kuzu.
i(li)-Quzu (Qhuzu), n. Knot, knobby pro-
tuberance, as growing on the trunk of
a tree, sides of a stick, etc. (= i(li)-
I'uiii, i(li)-Hluzu)', any Native wood-
medicine which is kept or sold in the
lump, as medicinal barks, roots, and
the like, not leaves, bnlbs, stones, etc.
( i(li)-Kubalo).
Quzuka (Qhuzuka), v. Get torn or wrench-
ed off, as below; get knocked off or
over; get struck against violently, as a
person's toe by a stone when walking
(cp. kubeka) or his shin by a log of
wood; get turned or torn away, as
from one's allegiance or promise = ku-
zuka; cp. hluzuka.
Quzula (Qhtizula), v. Tear or wrench
off by a violent pull (not by twisting
shupula), as the branch (ace.) of a
tree; knock off or over violently, as a
nail with a hammer; strike against vio-

a person's toe

a log of wood

552 QWA

lently, as a stone again

(ace.) when walking, <

against his shin; turn or tear away a

person (ace.) from his allegiance or his

promise = kuzula. Comp. h/uzula.

Ex. soke siquxule ku'/nkwenyana, we shall
go and knock something out of our son-
in-law, as pecuniary assistance.

Quzuleka (Qhuzuleka), v. = quzuka.

Qwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be quite white
(— ukuti qaka) — used with mhlope or
alone; make a 'whacking 'sound, as a
rock, cow's horns, or any hard thing
when struck with a stick, or as the
stick, etc., so striking (= qwala).

Qwa, ukuti (Qhwa, ukuthi), v. Be or stand
elevated on the top of any high or raised
thing, as a man perching on the top
of a hut, or standing on the summit
of a hill, or a house raised upon stones ;
raise or place anything (ace.) in an
elevated or perched position == ukuti
qwaka, ukuti qoka.

i(li)-Qwa (Qhwa), n. Bitter cold, icy cold-
ness, as arises from a cold wind, snow,
or frost — all of which, as apparently
the source of the cold, are called by the
same name (cp. isi-Twatwa); section
of the u-Dududu regiment [Her ou-
tarazu, cold].

P. iqwa UxoncPumhambi, the cold hates
a traveller = a traveller must expect in-
hospitable treatment from strange, 'cold'
kraals.

Qwaba, ukuti (Qhwaba, ukuthi), v. = qwa-
baza.

Qwaba (Qhwaba), adv. Only, merely (=
kupela); only one, a single one \=qwi,
qoko).

i-nQwaba, n. — see i-Nqivaba.

i-nQwababa, n. Collar-bone.

um-Qwabalanda, n. 5. Fine collection,
body, troop, etc., of things of the same
kind (= i-nGqivangqwangqtva ) — mostly
confined nowadays to a collection of
fine oxen (weziukabi), or young-men
(wezintsiziva); (C.N.) = i-nGxota.

Qwabaza (Qhwabaza), v. Flip, strike gen-
tly with a cutting stroke, as the flower
( ace.) of a plant or leaf of a tree in pass-
ing, or a person with a switch ; fillip,
knock off with the finger, as an insect
(ace.) from the table; flap the ear (ace),
as a horse does to drive off a fly.

u(lu)-Qwabe, u. = i-nKoka.

Qwabinga.v. Pick up casually, here and
there, etc., as scraps of food-produce
(ace,) still remaining in one's fields, or
from among the kraals, or as tales or

QWA

553

QWA

information (ace.) gathered from the
gossip of others.

Qwaga (Qhwaga), v. Seize anything (ace.)

l>y force or violence [Skr. grab h, seize;

y/' Sw. twaa; Her. takamisa; Ga. kwata].

isi-Qwaga (Qhwaga), />. Person of greal
bodily strength.

P. iniiii.i wexiqwaga uyaoiteka, a kraal of
strong men gets broken up i as they will al-
ways be wanting to fight ami display their

power ) = peaee is not in power.

i(li)-Qwagi (Qhwagi), ». Veldt locust, of
which there are several kinds see i(U)-
Boni, u-Dede-ezibomvu, i(li)-Diye, u-Ma-

hedeni, etc.

Qwaka, ukuti, (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Be quite
white (C.N.) = ukuti qwa.

Qwaka, ukuti (Qhwaka, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
qwa (qhwa).

Qwaka (Qhwaka), v. Be in a raised, ele-
vated position (used in perf.), as a man
sitting on a fence, a head resting on a
wooden-pillow, or a house built upon
stone supports = ukuti qwa, qwakama.

Qwakama (Qhwakama), r. i/ioaka.

Qwakela (Qhwakela), v. = qwaka.

Qwaku qwaku, ukuti (Qhwaku qhwaku,
ukuthi), v. ■= qwakuza.

Qwakuza (Qhwakuza), v. Go along in a
perky, stiff-jointed manner, as an old
man still active at walking.

Qwakuza (s. k.), v. Eat or munch any
hard thing, like hard roasted mealie-
grains = qata.

Qwala, v. Whack, or strike, as with a slick,
on anything hard, as a rock, another
man's stick, or any prominent bones of
an ox = ukuti qwa.

i(li)-Qwala (Qhwala), n. Hard lump of
any kind on the body, or on a hide
where badly suppled, or part of potato
where uncooked.

isi-Qwala or Qwali.w. Stout, thick stick,
perhaps an inch and a half or more in
thickness ( isi-Qota) ; a hard, ungen-
erous giver; (C.N. fr. Xo. ) lame or in-
firm person.

u(lu)-Qwalo, «. = u(lu)-<)alo.

Qwamalala (Qhwamalala), v. Exalt one-

Vself, make oneself out high and impor-
tant over others (with pezu). See /-
nQwamasi.
i-nQwamasi, n. One who makes himself
(in a good or bad sense) the superior
among his class or comrades, as a boy
who through his smartness raises him-
self above his fellows, or one who

through self-conceit e\;lits himself ab

them. See qwamalala.
isi-Qwambi (Qwambhi), //. isi-Qwanga.
Qwanda (Qhwanda), r. Scratch away the

earth, as a fowl for insects, or a man

tO gel out a Bt< ■ root ( ,,,,,nl,i ) ;

investigate, enquire into an affair < an-.)
of a person ( ac •.).

isi-Qwanga,//. Big, bulky mealie-cob. Cp.
is >'- Nkonongo ; is i- Kweb >/.

u(lu)-Qwanga, //. Cartilage most com-
monly used in reference i" the cartila-
ginous part of the ear i Bee isi-Cubu i.
the gristly padding of the shoulder-
blades, and in plur. izi-Qwanga ( n<>
sing.), the whole batch of veins ami ar-
teries, collectively, connected about the

top of the heart.
i(li)-Qwangi, //. i(li)-Qwagi.

i(li)-Qwaningi, »,. Thorny climber (Cappa-
/•is corymbifera), used in various ways
as a charm against several kinds of ill-
fortune, as lightning, etc.

N.B. The leaves of tin, plant, mixed with
other medicines, as u-Mabope, etc., are burnt
in the cattle-fold (uku-twiqisela) to 'smoke'
the cows before they go into the harvested
fields to eat oil' the stubble; if thi- precau-
tion were not taken, there would l»' dauger
of the cows calving prematurely I The plant
is also administered 10 calves as a vermifuge.

isi-Qwanqwa (Qhwanqwa), ». Person con-
stitutionally strong, hardy, not given to
sickness isi- Qakati.

Qwanqwala^i, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti
gwangwalazi.

Qwa qwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Tap, a- a per-
son (ace.) on the shoulders with the
fingers, or a calf on the head with a
stick to make it cease Bucking ( qwa-
gwada); make attempt after attempt
ineffectually, as with medicine to cure
a person ( qeleza).

isi-Qwaqwa, //. Any white thin-, as a cow,
field white with flowers, or a girl's
dress.

Qwaqwada, v. ukuti qwa qwa, popota.
um-Qwaqwana, //. .',. (X. fr. Xo.) urn-

Qaqongo.

i(ii)-Qwaqwasi, //. Bare patch, as without

grass, haii'. mealies in field, etc
Qwasha, r. hie awake, i. e. not asleep, the

eyes being either open op closed ( USCd
in perf.); keep one's eves open for.
upon a person (ace), observe his doii
so as to become acquainted with his
character ( not in order to trap him
hlozinga); look out for in vain, as any-
thing (ac.) expected but qoI turning up.

QWA 5

i(ll)-Qwashaqwasha, it. One who habitual-
ly shows agitation, uneasiness of the
eyes, blinking and moving the eyes here
and there, not looking straight in one's
face.

Qwashaza, v. Move the eyes in an agitated,
uneasy manner, looking about here and
there, not looking people straight in the
face, as one made ashamed or caught
in the act of doing wrong. Cp. qwayi-
za; nyoboza; payiza.

Qwata (Qwatha), v. Clear off so as to
leave bare, as one might the hair (ace.)
of a person when cutting it very close,
or as cattle might a patch of grass (ace.),
or a field of its mealies (often used in
perf. to express the state of being bare)
[Ga. kwalata, baldness; Her. eparu,
bald spot].

u(lu)-Qwata (Qwatha), n. Thing or place
that is bare, as a man's head, of hair,
when this latter has been shaven or is
bald (cp. i-mPandhla), or a place, of
ass, after this latter has been cleared
off by cattle or fire = u(lu)-Qwatule,
i-Nyabule, i-Manyule.

u(lu)-Qwatule (Qwathule),n. =u(lu)-Qwata.

Qwaya (Qhwaya), v. = panda.

um-Qwayiba, n. 5. Long stick or staff
carried by an old woman when travel-
ling; biltong, meat cured in the sun (=
um-Qwebu).

um-Qwayini, n. 5. Little Sparrow-hawk
i Acdpiter minulus).

Qwayiza, v. Blink or wink, as the eye
<lo"s naturally or when something has
entered it = cwayiza, pazima; cp. qiva-
shaza.

Qweba (Qhweba), v. Make a sign to an-
other (ace.), as by winking, or with the
hand or head.

um-Qwebu, n. 5. Wrinkle, running hori-
zontally along the forehead (= um-Cilo;
ep. i-ii'l'lnn-.c; um-]>imbi); also = um-
Qwayiba.

i(li)-Qwele (no pl.),n. Pimples caused in
females by the pulling out of the hair
(according to Native custom) of the
pul

54 QWI

u(lu)-Qwembe (Qwembhe),n. Wooden meat
tray, of various sizes = u(lv)-Gqoko.

isi-Qwembeza (Qwembheza), n. Big, broad-
shouldered person.

u(lu)-Qwememe (Qhwememe), n. Any stiff,
hard-dried thing of a thin flat nature,
as a starched shirt-front, a dry hide, or
a piece of cardboard (= u(lu)-Qoloko-
sho); upper-lip of a person when stiff
and drawn up (cp. isi-Peshula).

Qwengu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = qwenguka;
qwengula.

i(li)-Qwengu, n. Unreliable person given
to going back on his word, breaking
his promise, etc.

u(lu) or ubu-Qwengu, n. Creeping veldt-
plant whose leaves are used as a ver-
mifuge for calves, and as a lice-destroyer
and for sores by man.

Qwenguka ($. k.), v. Spring back, recoil,
as a bent stick, or a person on his word
= qwenguka.

Qwengula, v. Make spring back or recoil,
as above = givengula.

u(lu)-Qweqwe, n. Anything of the nature
of a thin, stiff plate, as a sheet of gal-
vanized iron, the cover of a book, the
outside crust of a loaf of bread; crust
or skin that forms on the top of pump-
kin-mash or porridge when cold.

isi-Qwete (Qwethe), n. Broad face with

the forehead receding; also = isi-Qwala.

Qwi, ukuti (Qhwi, ukuthi), v. Turn off or
away abruptly or suddenly, as from a
main-road, taking a side-path; also =
adv. qwi.

Qw'i, adv. Only one, only a single one =

qoko, qwaba.
Qwibi (Qhwibi; or s.q.), adv. — qwi.
Qwisha (Qhwisha),v. = panda.
Qw'iti, ukuti (Qhwtthi, ukuthi), v. Snap off

a small stalk (i(li)-Qiviti) from a stick

of wild-hemp.

i(li)-Qwiti (Qhwithi), n. Small single stalk
or branchlet such as grows along the
sides of a stem of wild-hemp.

i(li)-Qwizi (Qhwizi),n. = i(li)-Qwiti.

K

I \ as a Bound, 'Iocs not exist in Zulu; as a
letter, it is used, in its simple form only
for writing Zuluised foreign words, as, lor in-
stance, in the name uMaria, in which cases
the letter is always regarded as carrying also
the original foreign sound.

There is, however, in Zulu, a certain strong

guttural sound, quite unknown in European
languages, and produced by a constricted for-
mation of the lower throat. The harsh rattling
thus produced, owing, no doubt, to its strange
novelty to European ears, has been generally
mistaken for a click, and accordingly written
oftentimes with a xx. With the x click, how-

RRA

555

RRA

ever, it has do relationship whatever, A more
correct form of script, as befitting a guttural
.sound, would seem t'> be a rr. Such a usage
would bring the Zulu orthography into closer
conformity with the \<ism, in which language
a dotted /• is used to indicate the same sound.
Examples of this guttural arc found iu the

words rrexa (to milk into tl lOUth), and

rrweba i to scratch ).

Words originally written, according to the
old system, witb an /•, must iu this work lie
sought under //. .

Rra, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be pleasantly agree-
able to the bodily sensations, as nice
beer or meat to the taste (used with
mnandi), or as a nice-looking person
or a beautiful moonshine to the vision
(with muhle), or as a happy peaceful
heart {i-nTliziyo) to one's feelings =
rrasa.

Rraba, v. Stand scattered about feeding,

as cattle on the veldt (used in perf. ).

Ex. ininkomo tirrabile, the cattle are about

on the veldt (the common Zulu expression
to denote 'grazing').

Rrabalasa, v. Shout noisily, make a great
noise of shouting', as when calling out
to another with undue loudness, or
people shouting at each other when
quarrelling = rrabasa.

Rrabasa, v. = rrabalasa. See u-Marra-
basi.

Rrabe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Give a glance at
a person or thing (ace), just look at for
an instant. Comp. ukuti shazi; ukuti
rreze.

Rrabela, v. Cut up lengthwise or into
lengthwise pieces, as a pumpkin (ace.)
or large sweet-potato (not to slice pro-
perly = rraya).

Rrabezela, v. — rribizela.

Rrabu, ukuti (Rrabhu, ukuthi), v. Take
out a little (ace.) but over-abundantly or

excessively, from a large quantity (=
capuna kakulu. ukuti sabu); cu.1 by a
single sharp slitting cut, as an abscess
(ace.) to let out the matter, or as flu1
Natives do when making incisions, hold-
ing the skin between the fingers and
then slitting it with a single cut (=
rrabuza, rravuza ).

isi-Rrabu (Rrabhu), n. Merino sheep [D.
skaap, sheep].

Rrabusa,?;. Be pleasant, agreeably nice in
the mouth, as juicy flavoured meal <u-
nice cake (used simply or in perl.)
hlwabusa; cp. rrasa.

Rrabuza (Rrabhuza), v. = ukuti rrabu.

Rrakada, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Leap along,

as a man running with Ion- unequal
springs; leap about, as a man perform-
ing tic uku-giya. Cp. tshekx

Rrakada (s. kj, ukuti rrakada.

Rrakata (s. k. ; 8. /■), V. ntela.

i(b)-Rrala. //. i(li)-Rralati.

Rralakasha, ukuti (ukuthi; 8.k.), v, B< de-
licious, very pleasant, as any fond ; be
very happy, peaceful, ae one's mind
( i-nTliziyo >.

i(li)-Rralati (Rralathi), n. Ox with a spot
on the throal (cp. i(li)-Fufusi)', man
with much hair growing on the throat.

Rralula, /•. ('ut numerous slits or larg<
incisions in the flesh, as all along the
leg, to lei out blood, etc. Cp. gcaba.

Rrama, v. Mark out, as the position (ace.)
ul' a new but, or the limits of a field ;
make up, formulate in one's mind,
words (ace.) of a false statement; plan
out in one's mind, decide upon for one-
self, as the number of cattle lace.) to be
asked for one's daughter; hence, design ;
devise; purpose, etc. Gp.songoza; caba\
qamba.

Ex. ngiyakurrama ngokutanda, I shall ar-
range, or decide (as to the Inhnbt cattle) as

I will.
uxirramc zal'ishumi, he has marked out

ten ( as the number I.
Rramata (Rramatha), r. (C.N.) ntela.
isi-Rramarrama, //. Brisk, spirited, energetic

worker or doer of anything (N).
Rramazela, v. Do in a brisk-, spirited,

energetic manner, as any work (N.).

Rramu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sink down (with-
out a splashing plump) into deed water,
as a small stone. Cp. ukuti gubu.

i-nRramunrramu, //. Any substance of a
softly crispy nature, as a raw potato,
half-cooked pumpkin, water-melon, etc.
See rramuzela.

i(li)-Rramushana, ?i. Fresh, still-growing
young person, as a boy or girl i(li)-
Rrumu.

Rramuza or Rramuzela, v. Eal anything
(ace.) of the nature of an i-nRramu-
nrramu.

Rrangalasa, r. Scream, bawl, shriek loudly,
as a child when struck, an angry-temper-
ed woman when scolding, or as one
might to a distant person bangaU

u(lu)-Rrangarranga, n. A shrieking, Bcream-
ing, bawling person, as some women
and men u(lu)-Bangabanga.

Rranta (s. I.), /'■ ntela.
Rranu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. rranula', rra-
nuka ; rranuleka ; ukui

A A- ^cn-t^i

U*

RRA 55G

Rranuka (s.fc.), v. Have the lege stretched
out far apart, so as to expose the pu-
denda, as a female (used in perf.); be
opened out widely, be glaring out, as a
blazing sun on a very hot day; stride
out, go with great strides, as when run-
ning precipitously down a hill, or when
walking vigorously; play, running about,
as children, 'to throw out or exercise
their legs.'

Rranula, v. Separate the legs (ace.) so as
to expose the pudenda, as a female,
i comp. zamalaza; talasa ); hence, expose
the pudenda generally of females =
tanula, nyantuza, sanuza, santuza, se-
vula, vengesa, sadula. y

Rranuleka (s.k.),v. Get separated, as the
lec:s above; get exposed, as the puden-
da.

Rranu rranu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Pain in
long strides = rranuka.

Rrapalata (s. p.; s.t.),v. = tshapalata.

Rrarra, v. = rrerra.

Rrasa, v. = ukuti rra.

Ex. utshwala b'enxa umximba urrase, beer
makes the body feel pleasant.

urrasile igaxi lake, be is Dice (to look at)

as to bis general bodily appearance = mu-
lilr ute rra.

Rrasha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take out a
small quantity of anything (ace, or with
nga) for a person (ace), as a small pot
of beer for a visitor or a dish of mealies;
eat fat meat (ace.), from the juicy, slush-
ing noise made.

Ex. wangiti rrasha ngembenge, be took
out for me, i.e. gave me a small quantity,
in an /'///linn/, basket.

i(li)- Rrasha, n. A fat slice of meat.

Rrashaza, v. Eat fat meat (ace.) = ukuti
rrasha.

Rravu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti rrabu;

also used by one man to another who

has chided him by uttering the inter-

jection of displeased surprise hawu!

Ex. rravur-ni? what are you saying hawu

at '.'
Rravuza, v. = rrabuza.

Rrawu, int. intensified form of hawu, and
used only when reproving the use of
this latter interjection. Sec rranu.

Ex. mus'ukuti rrawu kimi, don't be say-
ing hoi'// to me.

Rrawu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti zawu.

Rrawula, v. = lawula.

Rraya. v. Cut into slices, to slice, as a loaf
>! bread (we.), lump of meat, or a pump-
kin (coup, rrabela); or into strips, to

RRE

slit, as a hide (ace.) when making reiins;
cut through, as a ship through water
(ace). Cp. caija [Co. kaya, divide].
Rraza, v. Sing the shrill female accom-
paniment to a Native dance-song, as do
the girls when singing along with the
men (not used of their singing alone)
= rrwaza.

i-nRrazo, n. The shrill accompaniment to
a Native dance-song sung by the females
( when dancing and singing along with
the men, not wtien singing alone) =
i-nRrwazo, i-nKwazi.

Rre, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be in a straight
line or front-facing row, as girls dancing,
or a line of trees = rrela ; cp. ukuti rru ;
rreza.

Rre, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be soaking wet
(with ukuba 'manzi), as green firewood,
a washed garment, or new snuff; be still
quite wet, green, unripened ( metaphor. ),
as a young girl married off im maturely ;
make a cracking, crashing sound, as a
firebrand when rent in two, or a new
boot creaking (= rrerreza); laugh out
with a he he he! as big girls do (=
rrerreza ).

Ex. agane iije, esey'ingane rre, that she
should just get married while still a perfect
child!

uti rre-ni? what are you he /?e'ing at ?

umu-Rre, n. 5. Heartburn (= isi-Lungule-
la ) ; also = um-Dende.

u-Rrebe, n. Small kind of hawk, given to
devouring young fowls = u(lu)-Heshe,
u-Somheshe.

isi-Rrebe (Rrebhe), n. Partes rubentes pu-
dendorum feminm.

Rrebezela, v. = rribizela.

Rrebu, ukuti (Rr'ebhu, ukuthi) = rrebuka;
rrebula; also = ukuti tsebu.

Rrebuka (Rrebhuka), v. Get torn or rent,
as a piece of cloth, or woman's isi-
Divaba; open out (intrans.) and form
into straight line, as a crowd forming
for a dance. Comp. dabuka; qibuka.

Rrebula (Rrebhula), v. Tear, rend, as a
piece of cloth, or a woman's isidwaba
(= mvemula); say in joke, as to
frighten a child, or talk things that are
not true for fun (= ntela). Cp. da-
bula; qibula.

Rrela, v. Be or stand in a straight front-
facing line (used in perf.), as girls
about to dance (see isi-Ceme), a row of
trees (= ukuti rre); redden the top-knot
with red-ochre, as a Native woman
does.

isi- Rrela, n. = isi-Buda (used by women).

RRE 557

Rrele, ukuti (ukuthi - with prolongation of
final syll.Jj, v. Be bright red, as a
soldier's jacket or an iim-Si/ifsi flower
{= ukuti tsebu); also ukuti rrelele.

i-nRrele, w. Red, edible (but very as-
tringent) berry of the following.

um-Rrele, n. 5. Certain bush, bearing
berries as above.

Rreleba, v. Be spread, or spread itself,
widely, over a broad expanse, on all
sides, as a grass-fire or a report; be
spread or scattered all about, as cattle
about the veldt or mealies about a hut
(= ukuti rrelele); be or become red, as
amabete in the ripening, an evening
sky, or an um-sintsi berry (used in
pert*. ).

Rrelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Get spread
widely abroad, as a report or grass-fire
= rreleba, ukuti helele.

isi-Rremerreme, n. Large spreading sore
of any kind = isi-Rremeza.

Rremeza, v. Champ or eat anything (ace.)
of the nature of an i-nTsementseme
q. v. = tsemeza.

Ex. urrenyexwe y'ini emle.nxeni'i by what
have you been eateu, i.e. wounded, on the
leg? = udhliwe y'ini?

isi-Rremeza, n. = isi-Rremerreme.

Rremezeka (s.k.),v. Get champed, after

the manner of an i-nTsementseme q. v.;

get eaten away, i. e. spread itself, as

a sore.
isi-Rrenama, n. Raw, red sore; eyelids

when red and swollen; large bulb of

the isi-Nwazi plant.

Rrenya, v. Chew, bite up in the mouth, as
any food (= hlafuna); inherit, as pro-
perty (= dhla); bite, as one person
another (ace.) when fighting with him.
Ex. usarrenya amabele, he still eats corn,
i. e. is still alive.

u-Rrenya, n. = u-Gobo.

Rreshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti tsavu.

Rrewu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti rrebu.

Rrewuka (s.k.),v. = rrebuku ; also (C.N.)
fall in, subside, as soil.

Rrewula, v. = rrebula.

Rrewuza, v. = rremeza.

Rrewuzeka (s.k.),v. — rremezeka.

Rrerra, v. Bore the ear (=cambusa);
scrape the feet (ace.) with a stone to
clean them (— eopa).

Rrerrebuka (s.k.),v. Get scratched or
torn up, as below.

Rrerrebula, e. Scratch, or tear up along,
as a cat one's skin, or a thorn one's

wrrem ta-ni? what are you /»■

he'ing

RRI

coal (ace.); tear up the soil all al<
as hoeing or ploughing a ho etch

of field ( with lima ) ; tear up the hea-
vens, as thunder when it rolls along
heavily for a long distance ( u jm
il a inn ).

Rrerreza, e. Make a era-kin- Crashing
sound, as a firebrand when split up,
or new boots creaking; to laugh out
with the interjection Ac he In iris

do ukuti rre.

Ex.
at ?

Rreza, v. Milk into the mouth, as lads of
about sixteen years of age a! the time
of their emerging from the u-dibi (q. v.)
stage and incorporation into a regimenl
at some military kraal, the object being
to make them "grow weir, from the nu-
tritious effects, no doubt, of the plentiful
feeding with milk; straighten <>ut by
pulling or stretching, as a new-made
reim (ace); move the stick up and down
vertically, in dancing the irnGoma q. v.,
from the motion of the hands when milk-
ing; fall or rain, as an um-Rrezo q. v.
Ex. baseberrexdle oMagwendu /<i/i". Magwe-
ndu and those of his age had already doue
milking into the mouth at that time- marking
a particular period of their boyhood.

ingoma bayirrexa, they danced the ingoma
with the up and down movement of their
sticks- another fashion being to hold the
sticks erect during the whole performance.

Rreze, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Catch a passing
glimpse of a thing (ace.) with the Bide
of the eye, as when passing by, not
turning the whole lace on to the object,
as in the ukuti shuzi and ukuti rrabe.

i(li)-Rrezelo, n. One of the deep partings
or furrows made perpendicularly in the
hair of a man below the isi-Coco >n- of
a woman below the i-nTloko i(tij-

Ntentezo.

um-Rrezo, n. .7. Passing cloud of lighl
land-rain, such as may he seen coming
along like a mist from a distance |
rreza; cp. um-Kizo)\ plur. imi-Rrezo,
covering of ion- cows'-tails t ama-shoba )
worn round the neck and falling over
the chest and back ami used at the t//n-
Kosi and on the war-path see um-Qu-
bula.

Rri, ukuti (ukuthi), e. ukuti urri.

Rri'bi (Rn/thi), int. of contemptuous deri-
sion.

Rribizela (Rribhizela), r. Say the word
rrilii to a person (ace), or make any
contemptuous gesture at him, as when
putting out the tongue, or holding the

RRI

558

given to
unlawful,

the bush-

hand in an open clutching manner over
his head (the Native equivalent to put-
ting the finger to the nose behind one's
back ).

i(li)-Rrila, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Rrala.

i(!i)-Rrilati (Rrilathi), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-
Rralati.

isi-Rrilaza. n. Big lump or swelling on
any part of the body. Cp. i(li)-Dunguza.

Rriliza, v. Eat meat (ace).

Rrina, v. Do wrong i.e. anything of a bad,
harmful, or generally disapproved na-
ture this is "the common expression in
Zululand = shinga.

isi-Rrini, n. A wrong-doer, one
doing what is disapproved,
harmful, bad = i(li)-Shinga.

i(li)-Rrinti (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Gawu

Rrinya, v. = nrrinya, ntsinya.

um-Rriwu, n. 5. Small bird in
country, whose cry sounds like uyedwa,
'mame, uyedwa! (you are alone, mother,
alone! ).

Rriwula, v. Cry out with a loud shrill voice,
scream, shriek, as a woman.

i(li)-Rrirriwane, n. One of the membranous
fol Is ( pillars of the fauces) standing on
each side of the root of the tongue.

Rrirriza, v. = nrrinrriza.

Rro, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Flow out, 'water',
as the spittle (nom.) in the mouth at
the sight of anything very acid like a
lemon, or nice, like meat; make a soft
continuous rumble, as water running
along a stony river, or falling in a
shower, or people singing in the dis-
tance (— haza); say awn! to one (only
used when reproving a person for so
doing) - rroza. See is-Arro.

Ex. uti rro-ni? what are you saying awu!
at; whal you are expressing surprise at?

awuwati rro la pa, just 'rumble' or 'splash'
it in here i.e. pour it in here.

i(li)-Rroba, n. A fire glowing out in the
darkness, such as one sees lit in a kraal
at night, or a grass-fire on the hills.

Ex. leuxe kwasa kung'amarroba entabeni,
right away till morning it was glowing tires
on the bill.

Rrobo, ukuti (Rrbbho, ukuthi), v. = rro-
boka; rroboza.

Rroboka (Rrobhoka), v. Gel yielded, given
Forth or produced abundantly, as milk
from a cow, fat from the flesh of a pig,
or saliva from the glands in the mouth
= ukuti rrobo.

Ex. kudimde kwarroboka amafuta, it just

RRO

the fat (from

the flesh of

ran forth did
that pig).

Rroboza (Rrobhoza), v. Yield, give forth,
or produce in flowing abundance, as a
cow its milk (ace), pork its fat, or me-
taphor, of a person giving readily and
largely = ukuti rrobo.

Ex. iyalurroboxa njc, it (the cow) just
pours it out (the milk ).

wangiti rrobo for wangirroboxa) ngesiqa-
bcto, she gave forth for me whole basket -
wise (when I only asked for a little corn i.

u(!u)-Rroko (s.k.),n. The fine, selected,
choice of its kind, as the pick of mealies
or amabele, or the clear refined portion
of fat or grease, etc.

i(li)-Rrolo, n. Small bush {Grewia ocei-
dentalis), whose berries are • eaten by
children and the branches used for as-
segai-handles — the bark and roots are
used medicinally to aid parturition in
women = i(li)-Lalanyati.

Phr. upisele errolweni, he is thrusting the
assegai-blade into the handle — said to a head-
strong, obstinate disputer, who can't be made
to cease or give in.

Rroloba, v. Glow, like a fire in the dark-
ness ; show glowingly, as the red distend-
ed nostrils of a lion ; make a great
noise of singing, as at a beer-feast; also
= holoba.

Ex. ibubesi liyarrolobisa

lion makes the nostrils
them to scent for

distending

amakala, the
glow
game.

when

isi-Rrolobo, n. = isi-Holobo.

Rroloda, v. Laugh at with mockery, jeer,
as children at a cripple or person in
trouble (ela form and ace.) = swab'ula;
ncukuza. Comp. u(lu)-Sulu.

i(li)-Rroloda, Rrolodo, or Rrolodwa, n.
White-tailed mungoose ( Herpestes albi-
cauda) of a black-grey colour ( = i(li)-
Qalashu)', man of light brown colour
( = isi-Rrubuka ).

Rromela, v. Reward, make a present (with
nga) to a person (ace.) in recognition
of services rendered = vuza. Comp.
xoshisa.

i(li)-Rromelo, n. Reward, gift received for
services rendered = um-Vuzo. Comp.
i(li)-Xosho.

isi-Rrongo, n. Young pumpkin of about
three or four inches in diameter. Comp.
i(li)-Rrwinti.

i-nRrovunrrovu, n. Anything of a watery,
insipid nature, as a bad pumpkin-squash,
or watery flavourless imfe = ubu-Rro-
vurrovu.

RRO

ubu-Rrovurrovu, n. = i-nRrovunrrovv .

Rrovuza, v. Scrape or scratch with a rough
rasping sound, as a Native scratching
his scurfy body <>r scraping a lii<le with
the i-nDhlwandhlwa (comp. rrweba\
enwaya); make a 'slushing' sound in
regard to anything, as when stirring
up a very thin paste of flour or paint
(ace.) or when eating imfe (ace); work
or stir about the assegai in the wound
^ of a person (ace.) alter having stabbed
him ( - xuku.ru. )\ stick, or feel inside
with a knife to see whether fully cook-
ed, as potatoes (ace), meat, or pump-
kins.

Rrorroza

Rroza, v.

or Rrorrozela, v. = kokoza.
= ukuti rro.

saying awu

great

Ex. urroxa-ni? what are von
at?

ili-Rroza, n. One very fond or a
eater (not greedy or ravenous) of meat.
Comp. i(li)-Xwele; i(li)-7Azi.

Rru, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Form a long train,
row, string, etc., as cattle, men, trees,
or beads; make form such a train, place
in a long row, etc. = ukuti hu; cp.
ukuti rre.

Rruba (Rrubha), v. Fling a missile ( with
nga) at anything (ace), as boys do
sticks at birds on the veldt, or a stone
at a dog = jugujela.

Rrubu, ukuti (Rrubhu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tsebu; also = rrubuza.

isi-Rrubuka (Rrubhuka), n. Any red thing,
as a soldier's-coat, ripe amabele; person
of a light-brown skin (= i(li)-Rroloda).

Rrubula, v. (C.N.) = hlubula.

Rrubuleka (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = hlubuka.

Rrubuza (Rrubhuza), v. Make the hollow,
plumping noise, as of a heavy body fall-
ing into water, or a person wading
through a drift with the water about
his knees; milk a cow (ace) with a large
supply of milk (from the heavy splash-
ing made) = gubuza, rrumuza.

i(li)-Rrume, n. Young tree or plant still
fresh and supple, a sapling; fresh,
newly-grown shoot, as along a tree-trunk
or branch in spring; young fresh look-
ing boy or girl (=i(li)-Rramushana)',
Cp. i(li)-Hlumela\ um-Xantela.

Rrumu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti gubu;
rremeza, tsemeza.

i-nRrumunrrumu.w. Anything of a compactly

spongy nature, or of a soft gristly com-
position, as a cow's udder, liver, nose,
etc. = i-nTsementseme. Cp. i-nQwmu-

nquinu.

559 RRWI

Rrumuza, v. gubuza (gubhuza)\ rrubuza ;
also rremeza, tsemeza.

Rrwa, ukuti (ukuthi),,'. Make alight clear-
toned rumbling din, asof water rippl
among stones, continuously Bplash
as rain or a small cascade, or the i
taut shrill Binging of female voi

ukuti rru, ukuti ha; Cp. holoba.

Ex, ake ut i rrwa I"/"', just pour out a

little here.

i(li)-Rrwa, a. Assegai of a certain kind
having a long broad blade, used in war
= isi-Helehele, i(li)-Jozi, i(li)-Qaqa.

Rrwabusa, v. rrabusa.

i(li)-Rrwasha,w. (C.N.) i(li)-Rrasha.

Rrwaza, v. = ukuti rrwa.

i-nRrwazi or Rrwazo, n. Any light, clear-
toned rumbling din, heard from a dis-
tance, as the splashing of a cascade, rip-
pling of a brook, or Binging of female
voices (more particularly applied to the
female accompaniment to a men's dance-
song) = i-nlirazo. Cp- i-n, Vuiun.

Rrwe, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Make a scratching
sound, as when striking a match ; scratch,
give a scratch, as a cat might a person
(ace), or a pen on paper = rrweba.

Rrweba (Rrwebha), v. Make a scratching

noise on anything, as a don at the door
(ace) or a man when striking a match
(ace) or writing on paper; scratch -<-h-
erally (even without any sound), as
a cat the body of a person (ace.) uku-
ti rrwe; also = bulela. Comp. dweba;
enwaya; rrovuza.

Rrwela, v. Be, or become, red rreleba.

Rrwemula, v. rrebula.

Rrwele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti ml,.

RrwT, ukuti (ukuthi), ik Be quite full (
ukuti swi)\ lie tilled with anger, a a
man's heart; also = ukuti rrwe.

Rrwi, ukuti (ukuthi with prolongation of

the vowe]),/'. Tear [traits, or iu/raus.),
as a piece of calico; lie rent or broken,
as a man's heart with grief.

Rrwiliza, v. = gwiliza; rriliza.
i(li)-Rrwinti (8.L), u. Pumpkin, of any si/.-.

though still green C(li)-Oawu. Comp.

isi-Rrrongo.

ubu-Rrwirrwirrwi, u. Any small shrill sound,

as of tearing rapidly a pi >f calico,

writing with a pen on paper, or passing
wind with a small sound.

Rrwirrwiza, v. .Make a small shrill sound,
as when rapidly rending a piece of linen.
writing with a pen on paper, or pa
ing wind with a small shrill sound <
su;u, shijia).

SA

560

s

SA

hissing

(Mind of
the word 'sin';

Lt in Zulu has the simple
Jo the English letter, us in

never the full : sound, :is in the word
'wise'. There may, however, he heard at times
such a decided softening of the sharp hissing
of the s,mnd, that it very nearly approaches
becoming a , . as in the salutation 'nkosi.

The sound described in Zulu writing by the
combination sh may be either softened or hard-
ened, i. e. pronounced as in the English words
'sherry' or 'cherry', at will. Some words,
however, prefer by custom the one sound, i. e.
are more generally pronounced with it than the
other. Thus, one mostly hears i-shumi (ten),
less often i-ckumi, which, nevertheless, would
be quite correct; on the other hand, one more
frequently hears chaya (strike) than shaya.
This sound has been written hitherto by either
sh, tsh, or eh, indifferently. The eh, as con-
taining a click-sign, and the tsh as being also
used to represent another totally different
sound, are at once rendered unsatisfactory.
Wherefore, only the combination sh can be
properly used for all words commencing with
the above sibilant.

An s, following immediately after au n,
has its sound hardened into a ts, although
this change is not always made in the Natal
dialect, where a simple s may commonly be
heard even when following an it. The ts of
the Zulu is, further, not quite so sharp and
distinct as that of the Xosa. On account of
this euphonic change, it frequently happens
that root-, really commencing with an s, have
that letter changed into ts, under certain
grammatical constructions, e.g. the word
u-Suku (day) becomes in the plural r.i-
nTsuku, and the verb salela I remain over)
rives us the noun i-nTsalelo [remainder).

who radicals coin-
but which are pre-

i-n. must be

N.B. All words
mence with an S,
ceded by the prefix
sought for under Ts.

S', ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti si.

Sa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be faultless, with-
out defect, perfect.

Ex. utshtoala bebumnandi bute sa, the
beer was nice to perfection.

,1,11 >(,itu ohlakanipile, ote sa, a thoroughly
Intelligent man.

Sa, ukuti (ukuthi- prolongation of the
\owi'\),v. Come forth in a scattered
shower, as water from a watering-can
( sasazeka); make come forth, throw
forth in such a way (= sasaza); set
on a dog by making a hissing noise to
it ( sasazela).

Sa, v. Dawn, become light, as in the
morning; clear up, become bright, as

the sky after rain (used in perl'. ); be
or become clear, bright of intellect,
as a clever intelligent man (used in
peri'.) or a child coming to the used
of reason (=sanyuluka); be intelligent,
as the words or works of such a person
(used in perf.) [Skr. us has, dawn; Gr.
eos, dawn; Sw. Ga. cha, to dawn; Sw.
mchana, daylight (cp. Z. mhlana);
MZT. Sen. cia, dawn; Bo. mu-si,diiy ;
Reg. lu-su, day — akin to Z. u-Suku,
um-Hla].

Ex. kuyasa, it is dawning, or clearing up.

kusasa, it is still dawning; (with a slight
difference of articulation) to-morrow (at
any time of day).

sekusile, it is already light.

ositeyo ote saka (or sld or nke), a
thoroughly intelligent person.

asile onke amaxwi ake, they are intelligent,
sensible, are all his words.

amabele asile ate saka, the Kafir-corn has
come out to perfection (with tine, large,
healthy-looking grains).

utshtoala kabukasi, the beer has not yet
come clear through, or perfectly completed,
its fermenting.

kwas'evuka kusasa, on the morrow he left.

kwasa bemsliayile, they beat him without
cessation {i.e. continuously, all day long).

kwasa y' utile ( ukukupuka ) , it (the wagon)
refused altogether, absolutely (to come up
out of the mud).

abafana bake uyabashaya kwasa nje, he
is just always, continually, beating his boys.

loku nati kusa sihlaba iminkomo, well, we
too are slaughtering cattle every day.

ulimele, y'iniY usikekile, kwadinide kwasa
nje, is it that he is injured, you say? he has
got cut, it just dawned out (i.e. with a
great, broad, gaping wound).

Sa, defect, verb, or verbal particle of a
negative purport, expressing i'orbid-
dance, impropriety, etc., akin to the neg.
particles si (e. g. akusilo ) and so ( e. g.
akuso), and oidy used as below.

Ex. angis'ukuya, awus'ukuya, kas'ukuya,
as/s'ukuya, anis'ukuya, abas'idcuya, I shall
not go i. e. 1 should or ought not to go,
1 must not go; and so with other persons.

musa (sing.), musani (plur.) is the
imperative form = thou must not, should
not, don't, etc.

kas'ukuba umshungu
So-and-so must not be
being old ( i. c eldest).

Sa, adv. Still; (with

uBani, engemdala,

the leader, he not

| Her. nga, still; Sw.
tinue to be].

) no longer
ku-ishi, to con-

neg

SA 561

Ex. basadhla, they are atill eatin
kabasadhliy the) are im longer eatiug.
Sa, v. Contraction of yisa q. v.

Ex. muse ewluneni, take him to the ///'/"-

jsbga, ?/. Extreme kind-heartedness, ten-

---TToi'Mcss of feeling, as shown by a

mother to her child or by an attendant

to a vovy dear person when sick
isi-Sesane.

SA

umu-Sa, n.5. Kindness (as shown in one's
manner towards a child, nol in works
of generosity uku-pana), kindliness,
graciousness or loving tenderness of na-
ture; small veldt-plant with white Flower,
used as love-charm by young men; also
forest shrub, used for same purpose
[Mai. kasih, kindness].

Ex. inkosi kayisangibuki ngomusa, the
chief no longer looks upon me in a kindly
manner, with favour.

N. B. The meaning of this word comes
very near to that of the Eug. word grace
(though more exactly 'graciousness'), for
which, in its theological use, it is the best
equivalent in Zulu.

uku-Sa, h. Dawn, morning.

Ex. ngofika ekiiseni, I shall come in the
morning.

tvovuka ekuseni kakulu, yon must rise
very early.

Saba (Saiilxi), v. - sabalala; hlola (see
i-nTsaba ).

Saba,?-. Fear anything (ace.), be afraid
of it; have awe or respect Fid dread of
a person (ace), as children of their
master. Cp. u(lu)-Valo [Skr. bhaya,
fear; Chw. tsaba; Sw. cha; Reg. boba;
At so].

Ex. kabamsabi, they have no respect for him.

i(li)-Saba (Saaba), n. Dried-up bough of

a tree with the twigs intact (whether
still on or separated from the parent
tree). Cp. u(lu)-Saba.

u(lu)-Saba (Saaba either collectively, or
with plur. izi-nTsaba), n. Dry twig or
twigs of an i(li)-Saba, q. v., stick or
sticks of dry scrub as left by a grass-
fire after it has passed over scrubby
country ( u(lu)-Swani\ cp. u(lu)-Fa-
h<t)\ anything, as cattle, sheep, etc.,
spread out in a broadly scattered mass
(= u(lu)-Sapo) ; also u(lu)-Swaniswa-
iii.

Sabalala, v. Be scattered about in all dir-
ections, as cattle about the veldt, or
articles about a room (used in pert.
s-i/!»a, sakalala); disperse i.e. be dis-
persed, as an assembly, or men out and

about beer-drinking; spread oneself nut

broadly, as a man at a d '-ws

inside at hut when stl'Uj
sa » when seeking to pm enl others from
getting out or himself from being eject-
ed ; shout or talk out loudly to

gel heard abroad, as quarrelling

and wishing to lei others hear; be all
ablaze, as a very hoi Bun |Sw. tapakaa,
be scattered about].

Ex. ubani osabalele /<irii-i/,i ? who i- ii
shouting out to the world over there?

u(lu)-Sabaiala, //. Tall person i-nl

ngalala, i-n Gqwangayiya.

Sabalalisa, i\ Scatter, or make be scatti
or dispersed about, as above; send out
or about in all directions.

u(lu)-Sabayiya, n. = u(lu)-Sabalala.

Sabeka (s.k.),v. Gel feared; be fearful,
frightful, awe-inspiring; be treated with
a reverential dread; be awful or fright-
ful, in the sense of being amazingly
great, prodigious, wonderful.

Ex. kuhle km/esabeka, it is awfully fine.
Sabela, /-. Respond or give acknowledg-
ment to a call by saying we! [MZT.
sabila, answer: Her itavera; Ga. itabu;

Sw. jihu\.

Sabisa, v. .Make to fear, frighten a person
(ace); make have a reverential fear of
respect, as a master a child (ace.) by
treating him sternly or by threats.

Sabo, poss. mlr. Their see ah,,.

Sabu, ukuti (Sabhu, ukuthi), r. ukuti

tsabu.

Sabuna (Sabhuna), r. is<il>n,i<t.

Sabuza (Sabhuza), v. tsabuza.

isi-Sadolo, //. Anything of a hard nature
or not easily broken, as a mealie-grain,
wood, a clay-pot, or a hard-giving un-
generous person isi-Sasadolo.

Sadu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti mum.

Saduka (s.k.),v. rranuka.

Sadula, /•. rranula.

Satu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti zacu.

Safuna, /•. mcuna.

um-Sagogo, //. i-nTlangu.

u-Sagwebe, //. (X.) u-Sibagw<

u-Sahlula, //. Certain kind <>i long
growing in old fields.

u-Sahlulamanye, //. Certain tree i ? /'/■
celastrus rostratus), whose bark is u<<-<\
as a panacea for counteracting the
working or effects of the medicine of
an umtakati.

Saka, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. Scatter, a
seed about a field, goods about a room,

SA

or cattle about the veldt (= sakaza
ukuti citi); be or get so scattered (=
sakazeka); drop down broken in pieces
i. e. die suddenly, without previous
illness (= ukuti pa); fall to pieces,
sink down within one, as the heart
with strong desire, over-powering
sorrow, or other strong emotion; go to
bed hungry, on an empty stomach, just
throwing oneself down in a heap (=
ukuti kahla, ukuti mahla)\ also freq.
used to express 'thoroughly, completely,
perfectly '. —

Lx. wasimxe wati saka, lie just dropped
dead i.e. died oft' suddenly.

ngifuna usfielerii ote saka, I want :i whole
shilling i nothing more or less.)

umuntu ohlakanipile ote saka. a thoroughly
wise or clever man.

amabele asile ate saka, tlie Kafir-corn lias
come out properly, to perfection ( with fine,
large grain i.

i(li)-Saka (s.k.),n. Sack [Eng.].

isi-Saka (s. k.), n. = i(H)-Dhlokolo.

um-Sakaba (s. k.), n. 5. Young snake (C.N.).

i(li)-Sakabuli (s.k.),n. Large Kafir Finch
{('//(■/■</ procne), whose large tail-fea-
thers are much sought after for head-
plumes. See isi-Saka.

Sakaka (s. k.), v. = ukuti saka.

Ex. indoda esatcakileyo, a thorough man.

Sakala (s.k.), v. = tekula.

Sakalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = saba-

lala, ukuti saka.

Sakalala (s.k.), v. — sabalala.

isi-Sakasaka (s.k.), u. Anything of thorough-
ly good, proper, faultless, perfect kind,
as mealies in field or grain, a thorough-
ly healthy or wise man, or a fine hard
grinding-stone.

Ex. libalele liy'isisakasaka, it (the sun)
is hot, it is a 'proper', 'thundering good'
sun.

wafa ey'isisakasaka, he died while in per-
fect condition or health, i.e. without any
previous signs of illness.

Sakaza (-. k.), r. Scatter or strew about

in all directions, as seed in a field, goods

about a room, or cattle about the veldt;

itter or report abroad, as any affair

( ace.) ( = ukuti saka ).

Ex. usakaxe, wasakaxa, she let out open-
ly everything she could think of (i e. sec-
i-t affairs 1.

Phr. ngokusakaxa, I will strew you all
about (with a blow) = I'll smash you to
pie

u-Sakazana (s.k.), u. Small sack, as of
igar [ Eng. sack\.

562 SA

Sakazeka (s. k.), v. Get scattered, as above
= sakaka,, ukuti saka.

Sake (Sakhe), poss. adj. His, her— see ake.

Sako (Sakho), poss. adj. Thy — see ako.

u(lu)-Saku (s.k.),n. Scrubby bush and
vegetation growing thickly together, as at
the outskirts of a wood, or in some
fertile spots in valleys and beneath hills ;
such a place itself '(= u(lu)-Faba); cer-
tain kind of scrubby mimosa that has
the habit of covering such spots as
above (= isi-Kombo).

Sala, v. Remain; stay behind; be left over;
survive [Sw. salia, remain; Her. kara].

Ex. uMaxwana usele, Mazwana stayed
behind.

Phr. awu! uMaxwana usele, oh! Mazwa-
na has remained behind (ou the battle-field )
— a sympathetic way of announcing that he
was killed.

i(li)-Salamusi, n. A Malay [Eng.].

Sale, aux. verb, expressing 'to have to,
must, should, ought to' (used in any
tense and followed by present parti-
ciple); also expressing 'afterwards,
after that, then' (used in any tense and
followed by subjunctive).

Ex. nami-ke asengisale ngihamba, and

now I too shall have to go.

sal'us'umyeka, you should now just leave
him alone.

wosale ugaya la'mctbele, you shall, or have

to, grind this Kafir-corn.

there

kivasala kwafika ukufa kwenkomo,
afterwards came the cattle-disease.

bayakusale baf'e nabo, they will afterwards
die also.

Salela.v. Lag, loiter, stay behind (with
etnuva).

Sambateka (Sambhatheka), v. Be or get
confused, puzzled, not know what to
think, say, or do, as from nervousness,
difficulty of an affair, etc.; become forget-
ful, as when forgetting some article.

isi-Sambati (Sambhathi), n. Puzzling, con-
fusing affair.

Sambuluka (Sambhuluka), v. (C.N.) sa-

nguluka.
Sami, poss. adj. My -see ami.
um-Samo (loc. em-Samo), n. 5. Back part

of a but, from floor to roof, generally

used for storing goods.

Sana, imperat. of yisa, q.v.

Small smell, scent, whiff,
>ad sense -dim. id' u(tu)-

u(lu)-Sana, u.

in good or

Si q. v.
u-Sandhlula, a

= um-Takati.

isi or u(lu)-Sando, u. (C.N.) = isi-Santo.

SA

um-Sanga, n. 5. Certain tree {Glausena
inequalis), used as an i(li)Kambi for
children.

Sangana, i\ Be mixed or muddled up con-
fusedly, as the mind when dealing
with a complicated affair, or two per-
sons mixed up in a quarrel or mis-
understanding (cp. xabana); be of a
hare-brained, giddily silly nature (used
in perf.) fprob. akin n> hlangana.].

Ex. kudimde kuscmgane. ilcanda, the head
just !.r«'ts into a maze.

Sanganeka (s. k.), v. del mixed or mud-
dled up, confused, as above.

Sanganisa, /'. .Mix or muddle up confu-
sedly, as complicated affairs a person's

.-head (ace); set at cross purposes, make
/ come to a misunderstanding or quarrel,
as a malicious gossiper might two per-
sons (ace. xabanisa) [prob. akin to
hlanganisa.

i(li)-Sango, n. Main entrance of a kraal, at
its lower end ; main entrance to the cattle-
fold; hence, gateway; space between
the upper front teeth when naturally
apart and through which one can squirt
spittle ( = i(li)-Sango lamate, isi-Tsha-
ko) [Reg. kiangu, enclosure; Sw. m-la-
ngo, gateway; Her. otyi-ongo, enclosure
for Lambs].

Sangu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sanguluka.

Sanguluka (s./c), v. Come fully to one's
senses, as when rousing oneself thor-

youghly from sleep after awakening,
or when coining round after a period of
insensibility or intoxication, or as a
child attaining the use of reason after
seven or eight years of age ( used in
perf.); be on the alert, wide-awake, as
to any suspected danger (used in perl'.);
get one's head cleared from sleep by
taking a pinch of snuff (cp. qabuka);
become clear again as to the vision, as
eyes that have been affected by disease
or sitting in smoke qaquluka, lalu-
ka.

Sangulula, v. Make come fully to one's
senses; rouse up, wake up, as a person
(ace.) half asleep or stupefied; put one
(ace.) on the alert, as by giving him
warning of danger; rouse one (ace.) up
from sleepiness (with ubu-tongo) by
giving him snuff qaqulula, lalula
[Sw. sukuma, rouse up].

Ex. alee ungisanguluh ubutongo, please
waken me up from sleep, i.e. give me a pinch
of snuff.

um-Sanka (s.k.),n.5. Certain strong, very
disagreeable, nauseating smell natural to
the bodies of some Natives (cp. i(li)-

563 , SA

Quqw, u(lu)-Hlofu)\ certain Btrong-
smelling Bh rub growing by rivers, u
along with other herbs a> a reined)
expelling the i(li)-Kambi parasite.

Santabula (s.t.),V. Run swiftly, fly along,
•throw out one's legs'; grow a fine tall
muscular young man (see i-nTsanta
buli); 'jet through a piece of work
(acc.i with greal quickness santula,
santuluka.

Ex. washaya wasantabula, he \\ :i^ off and

away like a >\\<>\.

intlabati wayisantabula, wayiqeda, she 'j"i
over the soil i she was hoeing at an im-
mense rate and finished it off.

i(li)-Santaliya (s.t.),n. Native of St. Hele-
na (T).

i(li)-Santi (s.t.),n. i(li)-Mpu.

isi-Santo or Santolo (Saanto or Saanto-
lo),n. Certain shrubby climber, wl.
stems are stripped up for fibre; hence,
any tough thing, not easily tearing or
snapping, as a cane or stout cloth (cp.
lunama ).

u(lu)-Santo (Saanto), n. (N.) isi-Santo.

Santsa (s.t.),v. Be of tl lour of an

i-nTsasa q. v. << J.N.).

Santsalaza (s.t.),v. Make fall or throw
down bodily, heavily, as one man hurl-
ing another, (ace) to the ground or
throwing anything heavily down uku-
ti santsalazi.

Ex. usantscdaxwt y'ini? what i- ii thai
has hurled him down? — as of a man sud-
denly dead.

Santsalazi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. sa-
ntsalaza; santsalazeka.

Santsalazeka (s. L; s. k.), v. Get thrown
down bodily, heavily, as a person slip-
ping on the ice, or anything hurled
bodily to the -round ukuti santsa-
lazi.

Santula (s.t.),v. santabula.

Santuluka (s. t; s. k.), v. santabula.

isi-Santusantu (s. /■), n. Pudenda of female
child when exposed.

Santuza (s. /.), v. rranula.

ama-Sanusanu (no sing.), n. A repeated
exposing of the pudenda by a female
child constantly opening and closing the
legs (with ukw-enza). See mnuza.

Sanuza, /•. rranula.

i(li)-Sapasapa (Saphasapha), //. i(H)-

Hlapahlapa.

Sapaza (Saphaza), v. hlapaza.

Sapazela (Saphazela), v. Splash a person
(ace), as when carelessly Bprinkling or

.to

SA •

564

SE

dashing liquid stuffs about (with nga),
or as mud splashing up over the person
when walking through it.
u(lu)-Sapo (Saapho), >i. Anything scattered
or strewn neglectfully about, as cattle on
the veldt left unherded (cp. u(lu)-8aba)\
child or children left to go as they like,
uncontrolled, as those of neglectful par-
ents, or whose parents are dead (=
i-nKapane. Cp. u-Telawayeka).

Ex. kwasuka onke amabuto aba Vusapo, ati
pi, all the regiments set off or threw thein-
-clves .nit (upon the enemy) in one scatter-
ed mass dashing in all directions.

Sasa, v. esasa.

isi-Sasadolo, n. = isi-Sadolo.

Sasalaza, v. (X). = santsalaza.

um-Sasandhla, n. 5. Certain skin-disease,
probably scabies or itch, accompanied
by intense itching, and which, on ac-
count of the constant scratching, often
goes <>ii t<> eczema ( u(lu)-Tivat/i), to
which disease the name is consequently
sometimes applied (cp. i-uZenzaiie;
i-mPehla); also sometimes applied to
boiled mealie-grains ( — izi-nKobe).

um-Sasane, //. 5. Certain tree of the mi-
mosa kind, from whose bark fibre is
obtained.

i(li)-Sasasa, n. Quality of being favoured,
liked, shown preference, loved by others,
as one who is a favourite of others of Ins
class, or one who has habitual good luck
with anything, as in hunting game, find-
ing gold, etc. (followed by possessive or
locative of thing). Cp. i-nTlahla.

Ex. le'ntombi inesasasa labanfu, this girl
is a favourite of everybody.

imesasasa exinyamaxanem, he is much
favoured by game i. e. all seem to make for
him, when nobody else can get any.

waba nesasasa lexinkuni, she was always
luckv with firewood i.e. always being favour-
ed by finding it easily.

Sasaza, v. Shower, i.e. make come forth
or get sprinkled in a scattered shower,
as water (ace.) from a watering-can
ukuti sa.

Sasazela, v. Set on, as a dog (ace.), by
making the hissing sound sa; urge on
a person (ace.) to fight, etc. sisizela;
cp. bibizela.

Ex. icasisasaxelela inja yoke, In- eel his

■ on to US.

Saso, poss. adj. Its see aso.

Sata (Satha), /'. Have illicit sexual inter-
course externally with a female (ace.
only used in vulgar conversation)
■ a. See u-Msatanyoko.

i si -Sata (Satha), n. Such an illicit sexual

intercourse, as above (with uku-dhla).
i(li)-Satamanzi (Sathamanzi), u. = i(li)-

Zekamanzi.
Satanisa (Sathanisa), v. Use a word of

abuse to one (ace.) implying that he or

she has sexual intercourse with mother,

sister, brother, etc.; sometimes used for

xabanisa q.v.; (C.N.) fasten on one thing

to another, as a blade into the haft of

an assegai.
Savu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti tsabu.
Savuna, v. = tsabuua.
Savuza, v. — tsabuza.
Sawo, 2)0ss. adj. Its; their — see awo.
Sawula, v. Boil wildly, as water, etc., in a

pot when it falls back in waves from

the sides ='yaluza, yabula.
Sawu sawu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. - sawula;

sawuza.
Sawuza, v. Run along swiftly, 'kicking up

the dust behind'; (C.N.) = zawuza.
u-Sayitsheni (s.f.),n. Sergeant [Eng.].
Sayo, poss. adj. Its; their- see ayo.
Sazo, poss. adj. Their — see azo.
Se.adv. Already (followed by pres. part.

or past tense)*; still (with adj. and prep.

= sa); now (with subj. of request).
Ex. sebehambile, they have already gone.
sewafa, he has already died (no exact

equivalent in Eng.).
kusemhhpe, it is still white (instead of

kusamhlope).

usekona, he is still here ; he is still alive

l= usahlexi).
asesihamba mauje, let us go now.

Se, and Se, def. aux. verb. Perf. and subj.
of Sa (sibilant form, and the most com-
monly used in Zululand, of defect, verb.
Hla q.v.).

Ex. usewamnka, enyatshelanga 'muntu?
did he actually go without telling anybody?

base bam'eyise, inyanti iiikosi yabo.' that
they should really treat him with contempt,
whereas he is their chief!

ngase ngiliivenxe nami, I could jusl do
it also.

uti ngase bayolima, Una nje? do you think,
then, they would actually go and hoe, it
raining thus?
u(lu)-Se, n. (C.N.) - - u(lu)-Bengu.

um-Sebe, h. .'>. Hay of the sun, or of sun-
light, as rises from the horizon at sun-
rise, or as enters through a small hole
in a wall; eyelash (rarely u(lu)-Ko-
jje); (C.N.) arrow.

u(lu)-Sebe, u. u(lu)-(iu.

Sebekula (s. k.), v. — qebekula.

ImaaAc

0

/

SE 565

Sebukuli, ukuti (itktithi; s. /<:), r. sebrkulti.

u-Sebele, ;/. Applied by the Father and
mother of a bridegroom to the father
and mother of the bride, hence, brother
or sister-in-law = um-Lingane, um-Kwe-
in. Cp. um-Kwe; u-Mamezala [Sw.
shemegif brother-in-law].

ama-S'ebele (ama-Si ebele),n. .Minus in
the stomach of a child at birth, and
which is brought out by an adminis-
tration of the um-Tambane plant; in-
digestion in small children causing fla-
tulent rolling of the stomach and vomit-
ing; dwarf ground euphorbia (E. pug-
niformis).

isi-Sebele, n. Friend i.e. one to whom
one is affectionately attached. Cp. isi-
Hlobo, um-Ngane.

Sebenza, v. Work, labour (generally); work
at, engage oneself upon, as at fields
(ace), a carpenter with boards, etc.;
make or produce by labour, as earthen-
ware goods (ace.), watches, etc. [Sw.
tenda kazi, work].

Ex. useb&nxa-ni lapo? what arc you doing,
i. e. working at, there?

uyasebenxa imiti, he works at medicines,
is a druggist.

tcok'usebenxe, you will get to work, /. c.

you will have something to do, a tough job.

uku-sebm&a umuntu ogulayo, to work at

i. e. administer medical treatment of every

description to a sick person.

isi-Sebenzi, n. Workman.

um-Sebenzi, n. 5. Work, of any kind.
Ex. siyakuqala elcuseni, kona siyakushesha
sibc nofnsebenxi, we shall commence early
in the morning, in that way we shall quick-
ly have something done or to show.

Sebenzisa, i\ Make one (aec.) to work;
help him along with it by keeping him
company, working with him.

Sefa, v. Sift = hlunga [Eng.].

isi-Sefo, n. Sieve = isi-Hlungo [Eng.].

Sehla, v. = ukuti settle.

Sehle, ukuti (ukuthi),V. Budge, stir along
a bit, as a person sitting making room
for another (= ukuti siki); budge1 along
i.e. walk with a circling motion of the
buttocks, as one crippled at the hip (=
sehleza).

Sehle, dux. verb, combination of se and hie,
and sometimes equivalent to sengihle,
sesihle, etc, or sengahle.

Sehleza, v. = ukuti sehle.

Seka (s. k.), v. = sekela.

um-Seka (s.k.),n.5. Ring or 'collar' of
any colour (mostly white) different from

SE

that <»f the body, round the neck or a
doe, bird, ete.; euMst-i.eii /. , . atrip or
Country anywhere along the sea for

about live miles inward-.

Ex. inja yami Vmseka, my dog i^ collared
i. e. has a Deck-ring « >i white.

Sekehla (s. k.), r. Calumniate, make secrel

charges against a person (i hleba)',

crush a child (ace.) still in the womb by
pressing the hips together, as Bonn
women do when bearing (prob. identi-
cal with sikihla, hlikihla).

u(lu)-Sekehle (s.k.),n. \u(lu)-Selekehle.

Sjejjfila (s.k.), v. Prop up, support, a thing
(ace.) inclined t,> fall over Bidcways,
an earthen-pot by placing stones ( isi-
Sekelo) beneath it, or a falling wall by
resting props against it (not prop up,
from below upwards pasa)', take the
part of a person (aec) in a dispute or
fight, give him one's support. Cp. dya
[Sw. tegemeza, shikiza, prop up].

u-Sekela (s.k.),u. Distemper, in do

isi-Sekelo (s. k.), n. Prop or support,

prop an awkward
See sekelo.

ly standing

Go w i 1 1 1

si I:,;, hi.

stone to
pot, etc.

Seke seke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v
a wabbling, waddling -ait

seke^ekezr/ii.

isi-Sekeseke (s.k.),v. Fat heavy-bodied
person (from the waddling unit).

Sekesekeza or Sekesekezela (s.k.),v. Go
wabbling or waddling along, a- a duck,
fat heavy person, or one short and
squat, or one carrying a very heavy
burden = ukuti seke seke.

Seketula (s. k.; s. t.), r. peketula.

Sekeza or Sekezela (s.k.), v. Close up

round, enclose, draw up round, as a lot
of people round a new-comer (ace.), a

chief travelling, or a central pot ol f I;

close in, surround, as a hut (ace) with

soil at the outside to prevent the water
getting under, or when piling wood
round a fire (ace.) to shelter it from
being dispersed by wind; go with a

wabbling, waddling gait, a- a fat heavy

person.
i(li)-Seko (s.k.),n. lather of the three

stones which always have a pla i a

Native hearth, and' are used for prop-
pine cooking-pots.

1'. usepantsi kwantaseko, he i- -till a
child, a minor, not yet old enough t"
independently (aa a child up i<> about 15
years of age); also, he i- already under the
k.-. as ge.^l a- buried, aa one in the [asl
stages of disease.

ukit-kanu la umuntu esekm ni see Icamela.

SE

Phr. endulo kwakupekwa ngamaseko ama-
tatu, nanamhla kusenjalo, in olden times ii
was cooked with three pot-supports, and to-
day it is still so = life to-day is just as it
was; it is the same old world.
isi-Seko (s.k.),n. Small hard stone used
for pecking or

roughening the surface
of a grindstone; also for supporting it
beneath when rickety. See qandula.

Sekula (s. h.), v. = ntela.

Sekungati (Sekungathi). It is, or seems
as if; would that = sengati.

Sela, v. Drink (nearly obsolete, save of
u-tshwala) puza [Ar. sd'a, give to
drink; S\v. zuia, poza, water i.e. pour
water on; Log. sa, drink; Ha. sa, drink].

566 SE

bead work is little bits of tilings, i.e. contains
some beads smaller than the others and so
has an uneven surface.

Selela, v. (C.N.) = gqiba.
i(li)-Selesele, n. = i(li)-Sele.
Selo (last syll. accentuated) or Seloku
(Selokhu), adv. Since, ever since = //'/-
loku [Ga. solca, since].
Ex. seloku ieafika, ever since he arrived.
Phr. selo kwatini (ox kwemirri), since when,
/'. c. siuce ever so long ago, from the begiu-

Thief, one

given

to

stealing.

i(li)-Sela, »
See eba.

1'. isela lishaya umuntu nqegula ebusweni,
the thief (after he has eaten the auiasi)
strikes somebody else with the milk-vessel
in the face i so that he gets bespattered and
people think it is he) = a wrong-doer when
caught always wants to put the blame on
-.•meoue else.
Se\e,adv. Already (followed by participle)
= se.

usel'eh-ambile, he has already gone.

usefamuka, he has already departed.

i(li)-Sele, n. Frog, of the common river
or veldt kind, of which there are two or
three varieties = i(li)-Selesele, i(li)-Xo-
xo. Cp. i-nGxangxa, i(li)-Dwi, a-Vete,
i(li)- Gogodwane.

Phr. umka'Sele for Selexoxo) — is applied by
children to one who is always last, always
left behind, a laggard.

A'./;. When a child has kilied a frog, he

um-Selo, n. 5. Everlasting beer-drinking,
as at any particular kraal. See sela.

Ex. Ica'Bani y'iloku kutni urnselo (wo-
tshwdla), at So-and-so's there is continuous

beer-drinking.

Selwa, v. Be dawned for (from sa), as
one who having proposed to rise while
it was still dark, wakes to find it already
light, or one overtaken by daybreak
while still engaged upon any work;
hence, be detected, have one's evil ac-
tions brought to light, as a suspected
thief now caught in the act.

iisehvc namhlanje, oh ! he has
to light, openly revealed to-
ns evil practices).

Fruit of the u(lu)-Selwa

awu :
brought

Ex

been

day (as to

i(h)-Selwa, n.

must -av
arm

of mine, don't do so (drawing the arm annual ukw-eshwama q. v

ther— uku-flngqeka), but do so (stretch-
ing it out — ukw-elula); otherwise old people
Bay all his limbs will get doubled up like
those of the frog he has killed!

isi-Sele, h. Small hole, as might be left
by pulling out a large stone from the
road, just sufficiently large for one's
fool to gel tripped up in. Cp. isi-Godi;
um-Holo; isirJi.

um-Sele, n. 5. Ditch, furrow, as for lead-
ing water; border or edge of a hut in-
side, round below tin- wattle-work.

u(lu)-Selekehle or Selekehlane ( mostly in

plur. i-nTselekehle; s.k.),n. Thing of a

nspicuously small size among its

kind, as small grains of corn, beads,

person's teeth, thin stalks of grass in a

ping-mat, etc u(lu)-Sekehle.

Ex. ubuhlalu bake buy'intselekehlane, her

plant, eaten as a vegetable when young
and green, or allowed to grow and ripen
into bard-shelled gourds (see isi-Gtibu)
commonly used as water or milk ves-
sels = i(li)-Swela. Cp. i(li)-Lisa.
u(lu)-Selwa, n. Variety of the gourd plant,
bearing fruit as above. Cp. u(lu)-Tanga.
Phr. uku-cints'uselwa, to squirt out ( from
the mouth ) the gourd — being one of the

the

nkoni wami! ungati; woti! — ceremonies performed by the chief at

P. mus'ukupa (or sipula) ixintselwa nje-
ngabaTiva, you mustn't root out (and throw
away ) your gourds like Bushmen ( who pre-
sumably did not value them, and yet they
have been of such useful service to mankind )
= you should not treat contemptuously or
speak ill of your benefactor.

u(lu)-Selwa-lwemamba (mambha), n. Cer-
tain climbing plant, bearing a beautiful
red fruit like an apricot, but non-edible,
though said to be liked by snakes.

u-Sembatwa-ngapi (S'embhathwa-ngaphi),
n. Blanket with colours showing alike
on both sides.

i(li)-Seme, n. Ludwig's Bustard (Neotis
Ludwigi) and Stanley Bustard (N.Caf-
fra). Cp. um-Ngqiti; i-nGagalu; u-Fu-
in ba; um-Bukwane.

i(li)-Sempu (s. p.), n. Anything somewhat

>

SE 567

behind, loss, or surpassed by another
thing, with which it is compared, in
regard to size, growth, quality, etc. *'i»-
i-nTswempu.

Ex. ay ike! ukulile uBani, lcodwa ul'isempu,
well, So-and-so h:is grown big ( it is true),
but he is a tiling less SO (than the other
person being talked about) i.e. lias done so
in a less marked degree.

Sendana, v. Have sexual intercourse with
one another, intermarry only used in
the phrase below. See u(lu)-Sendo; hlo-
bonga; pinga.

1 Mir. usendo luyasendana, y'ini? do, then,
those of the same stoek ever unite in sexual
intercourse? i.e. near relations never be-
come intimate friends, they are always at
war against one another. See um-Ndeni.

i(li)-Sende, n. Testicle, of man or beast.
Cp. /'(/>' )-Tweka.

isi-Sende, n. Swelling of the testicles and
their sac from gonorrhoea! inflamma-
tion, etc.

i(li)-Sende-lengulube, n. Certain smooth-
harked climbing plant growing along
the coast.

i(li)-Sende-lenja, n. Running plant (Cum-
mis AfHcanus) bearing yellow spiny
fruit, rather smaller than an egg but
nut edible. Cp. u(lu)-Tangazane.

um-Sendo, n. 5. Nap, woolly or downy sur-
face of anything, as of the skin of a
woman's kilt, inside the paunch of cattle,
or on some kinds of cloth = um-Sive-
ndo. Cp. i-mBungu.

u(lu)-Sendo, n. Those descended from the
same male ancestor (cp. i(li)-Sende) ;
hence, house, line, stock, family, clan (=
u(lu)-Hlobo); (N) tribal custom, usage
peculiar to any people or country (cp.
i(li)-Kwa ).

Ex. uBani ul'usendo Iwami (or Iwakiti),
So-and-so is of the same house or original
stock as myself, is a distant relative of mine.
Phr. uBani kaseko osendweni for osendwe-
ni lobuntu, or exintsendioeni), So-and-so is
no longer of any bouse, there is no family
that any longer cares to claim him as be-
longing to it = he is now an utterly worth-
less, despicable fellow (from hi> had life), or
is so old as to be no longer countable as an
umicntu = kaseko emakwent.

Senene, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ntse-
nene.

i(li)-Senene, n. Red-bait, found on rooks
by the sea; expertness of a milker in
getting much milk from a cow (with w/).

isi-Senene, n. Name of a river-plant (C.N.).

um-Senene, n. 5. Species of large dark-

SE

coloured snake, non-poisonous, and re-
sembling an imamba though ol a lighter
tint, sometimes called um-Hlwazi, and
regarded as an i-dhlozi of old people,

Seneneza, v. ntseneneza.

Senga,/'. .Milk, as a ecu (ace.); 'pump'
a person tor information; bleed a per-

flesh

Cutting incisions in the
cupping with the horn

sun by

< not by

meka) [Khu. senga, bead of cattle;

( Ian. Zi. i- senga).

P. kukwa'nkomo isengw'ilele, it
where the cow is milked

II. -h.

i- there
ying down, ' '
a kraal of sleepy, Btupid people, where on<

can enter and do as he like.-, and thev be
none the wiser — kwa'mpuiiz'edhFemi

ubu-Senga, n. Sofl flexible rings made of
wire and worn on the wrists, legs, etc
Cp. i(li)~Songo; i(li)-Goli.
Sengahle, adv. from hla, q. v. May it jusl
be! Can it just be? etc.

Ex. sengahle w'enxe kanye! may you jusl
do it and have done once lor all! as one
might say when submitting bimsell to another
to he killed.

ute ulcuba abtdawe lowo, kwasekutitcn aku-
se'cala, otandayo sengahl'apuce, when thai
oue had been killed, they said it was no-
thing, let him who likes jusl -have the head
and have done).
Sengaloku (Sengalokhu), <t<l<\ sengati.
Sengase, aux. verb, from se sengahle*
Sengati (Sengathi), aux. verb, from H. It
is like; it seems as if; would that!
Ex. sengati inqola, it look- like a wagon.
sengati Icatandi, il seems as though he is
not willing.

sengati angafika! would that, I wish that,
he might come!
Sengaze, nu.r. verb, from :< . < 'an it jusl
be that (with subj. or potent.).

Ex. sengaxe (or seninyaxi i nimukt ngalo-
ko na? and are you just or, actually i leav-
ing on that account ?

um-Senge, n. 5. Cabbage tree (Ctissonia
spicata), having very soft, rotten-like
wood; applied to any rotten old isi-dwa^
I, a. Cp. in~Tsengane\ umrSengembuzi.

Sengeka (s.k.),v. <:et milked, 'pumped'
etc.

Phr. us 'esengekih , he has already had the
Bubstance drawn out of him. /.<•■ has become
thin (physically), or become cleared of his
property I by constant beggiu

um-Sengembuzi (Sengembhuzi), n. 5. Kind
of Cabbage tree with a straight high-
growing trunk. Cp. um-Senge\ irnTse-
ngane.

SE 568

um-Sengi, n. /. Person of a pleasing though Sezeia

not distinctly handsome appearance ; any

commoner who is a favourite at court,
though occupying no high position,
being somewhat inferior to the isi-Lomo.

isi-Sengi, //. Milker, or young-man occu-
pying this position in the king's kraal.
i(li)-Sengwakazi (s.k.), n. = i-nTsengwaka-

i(li)-Sentela (s.t.),n. Crack in the skin of
the feet or hands from chaps, etc. =
i(li)-Sentse. Cp. um-Kenke.

Sentelela (s.t.),v. Watch and then tell
talcs about a person (ace.) or his actions
to the chief, etc. [fr. Eng. sentinel].

i(li)-Sentse (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Seniela.

u(lu)-Sentu (s. t.), n. A pitching up of the
soil, as does a bull with its horns (with
ukw-enza ).

Sentula (s. /.), v.
a hull with its

stick.

i-Senzenjani, //. (C.N.) see is-Enzenjani.
Senu, poss. adj. Your — see enu.

Throw up earth (ace), as
horns or a boy with a

Senula, /•
(ace.) i
to the
hoeing

out all
malice

Turn up or
. c. bring that
surface,
up new

kinds of
or spite.

throw up the soil

which was below

as when ploughing or

land; reveal or blazon

secret things through

Cp. qebektda.

(Seqanamfihaqanga),

u-Seqanambaqanga
n. = um-Tahati.

u-Seqanezigodo, n. = um-Takati.

isi or um-Sesane, n. 5. = isi-Sa.

ama-S'etole (ama-Si ethole), n. Bush milk-
wood tree {Mimusops obovata); certain
veldt-plant with edible leaves and roots.
Cp. um-Nweba; um-Yagayi.

Seseza, /•. Lead or drive gently along, as
unruly cattle (ace.) which one doesn't
wish to excite, or a person by gentle
crafty talk or treatment. Cp. ngase.se.

Setu (Sethu), poss. adj. Our see etu.

Sevu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = sevula; sevuza.

Sevula, v. Open the legs (ace.) so as to
expose the pudenda, as a little girl
rranula), or the mouth when grin-
ning anil showing the teeth (ace).

Sevuza, v. .Make a crunching sound, as

when eating anything raw through

which the teeth pass with a slightly

grating noise, or as when cutting into

i compact soil with a hoe sewuza.

i-nTsevuntsevu.

Sewu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sewuza.

■ >wuza, v. = sevuza.
'■■ (C.N.) — xaku

when
through
does
thing
or a bull

. Snuff
smelling,

SHA

or sniff with the nose,
smell by drawing in air
the nose, as a person or dog
when seeking to discover some-
smelling, or at a flower (locative),
when smelling other cattle in

an

the neighbourhood (for to smell at
object — see nuka) [Her. tyiza, scent].
Sha, v. Burn {intrans), be or get burned,
as an article placed in the fire; dry up,
as water in a river or cooking-pot, or
as the river or pot itself (used in pert".);
dry up as to the voice {i-zwi), become
hoarse (used in perf.) ; get burnt (meta-
phor.), get into hot water, get what you
won't like [Skr. ush, burn; dah, con-
sume by fire; era, cook; Gr. kaio, I
burn; Sw. choma, washa, burn; Nya.
cha, die; Bo. hya, burn; Ga. ja, be
burnt; Her. pia, burn].

Ex. hade ngimemeza, senyishe ixwi, I've
beeu shouting ever so long, I am already
hoarse.

sohamba, imifula ishile, we shall go when
the rivers have dried up i. e. are low.

nanti ibotwe selishe amanxi bo! here is
the pot burning, already dried up as to its
water.

Phr. washa! you got burnt! — as may be
derisively shouted to one who has made an
effort aud failed = washaxwa.

ngasha amate neziqata, I was utterly over-
come with astonishment.

yek'utando luka'Bani, In sha pantsi, lushe
pexulu, what love So-and-so has, it burning
below and above, i. e. is all abhize, ardent, in
energetic action (the term may also be used
in regard to anyone in a state of energetic
excitement).

ash'abilayo, L-irmju kwasha nas'opondweni
i or nas'okezweni), it (the water) dried up
that was (in the cooking-pot) boiliug, and
then it went and dried up also in the smok-
iug-horn (or in the ladle) — used to express
some utter failure, as of a young-man finally
losing a particular girl.

Sha f tsha when following n.), adj. New ;
young; fresh, as an egg or bread [Ga.
maja, mpya, new; cp. ja, be burnt;
Sw. changa, young; pya, new; Bo. hya,
new; cp. hya, burn; Her. pe, new; cp.
pia, burn],

umu-Sha, n. 1. Sweetheart (N).
ubu-Sha, //. Newness; youngness or youth ;
freshness, as of an egg or bread.

Phr. loko kuqalwa 'busha, that has been
commenced newly i.e. in recent times.

Shaba, v. ( to bad, go wrong, get done wrong-
ly, not come out well or successfully,
be a failure for a person (ace), as beer
turning out bad, a piece of work (as

y

SHA

beadwork or thatching) that has not
got done well, a plan that lias nol gone
through successfully, or crops turning
out a failure ( shampa, shabalala.
Cp. pumba); (N) come to nothing, fail to
get done, as a plan or effort, or work
of any kind the use and meaning of
this word, as also of shabalala, seem
to be very differenl in Natal to what
they are in Zululand, perhaps owing to
Xosa influence.

Ex. us'engishabik for shabele) Wmntwana,
this child has turned mi; badly or a failure
tdr me — as when he becomes a bad character
or goes off to the towns and doesn't return.
u(lu)-Shaba, n. Wild angry pugnacious
temper, as of a man who is constantly
fighting with others or striking his own,
or a bullock given to making use of its
horns upon the least provocation (with
na) [Bo. u-chafu, tyranny].

um-Shaba, n. 5. Lowest or ground layer
of matting, of that which is encircled
round a hut outside to keep the thatch
firm = um-Wamba, um-Tikili.

Shabalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. - shabalala.

Shabalala, v. = shaba; (X) go about for
nothing, fruitlessly, as on any unsuc-
cessful errand; he reduced to nothing,
removed out of existence, abolished, an-
nihilated, as one's sorrow by soothing
words —the use of this word in Natal is
very different from that in Zululand
and the meanings given are very uncer-
tain and conflicting, being more inclined
to the Xosa usage.

ama-Shabalala, >/. Hair, that'll, and the
like when hanging about in a long strag-
gling or disorderly fashion, as a woman's
topknot when dishevelled like a mop, or
long hair of a Whiteman ama-Shaba-
shaba.

Shabalandi, ukuti (ukuthi), v.= ukutishwa-
mbakaqa.

i(li)-Shabangu or Shabangwana, it. Worth-
less, characterless, low fellow, talking
and acting without principle or restraint
as regards honesty, morals, etc.; rascal,
scoundrel, = i(li)-Hatanga, i(li)-Shaba-
shaba. Cp. i(li)-Halakaqa; i(li)-Hili-
kiqi.

i(li)-Shabashaba, //. i(li)-Shabangu\ plur,
ama-Shabashaba = ama-Shabalala.

Shabashaba, /•. s/tnbashohn.
Shabasheka (s.k.),v. shambasheka.
i(li)-Shabele (Shabhele), n. = i-nKdmanko-
ma.

Shabisa. v. Make be a failure, bring to

nought — see shahu.

569 SHA

i(li) or isi-Shada, n. i(li)-Shadi.

ubu-Shada, n i-nKwankwa.

Shadalaza or Shadalazela, v.

Shadanisa, /•. Mix up purposely, confuse,
as the words of a man in a case ((

izi or ubu-Shadashada. //. Shuffling, e
ive action or speech. See shada

Shadaza or Shadazela, v. Act or sj
in a shuffling, trifling, evasive manner,
as when attempting to bring oneself
plausibly out of unpleasant circum-
stances, e.g. a man in difficulties patch-
ing up some present arrangemenl to
gel him through, or who out on

the pretext i.l' working and then
merely trifles away the time by Blighl
appearance of work, or who convicted
of a fault seeks to explain by all BOrtS
of trumpery excuses ( shadalaza)]
go along in a slow shuffling manner,
as a fat man, or pig.

i(li) or isi-Shadi, //. Cleared spot, as a
hairless spot on the head, scar of a
burn on the body presenting a glassy

cleared appearance, or a spot in the

veldt that lias been cleared "fit- grass.

Phr. ngifumanise ngeshadi (<>v ngifuma-
>iis,' kuVishadi), I have found merely the
empty spot ( the object, which I had left
there and was seeking, had been taken or

stolen I

Shafa, v. (C.N.) slml,,/.

i(li)-Shafushafu, n. i(li)-Shofushofu.

um-Shafuti, sometimes Shafuti (Shafuthi,
or Shafuuthi), n. 1. Thing which main-
tains perennial freshness, never seeming
to age or lose its pleasanl flavour, as a
person who though advanced in years
remains young in appearance and
spirits, or food, like amasi or bread, of
which one never jets tired.

Shafuza.y. Go wading aimlessly, as it were
in the dark", amidst a lot of thick grass
or undergrowth; go wading unin-
telligibly about in one's talk, so that
one cannot see what is being aimed at
shofuza, shofoza, dofoza.

Shakadeia (s.k.), v. shwabadela.

Shakaqa ukuti (ukuthi;s. k.), v. shakaqela.

Shakaqela (s.k.), v. shwabadela.

Shakatela (Shakathela), r. shwabadela.

um-Shaka^i (s.k.), n.l. Young and favour-
ite wife. cp. umu-Sha; um-Lobokazi.

i(li)-Shakwindhla (s.k.),?i. Grass burnt off
in autumn L e. the parts of the veldt
where such burnings have taken place.
Cp. i(li)-Hlungu.

Shala shJda, ukuti (ukuthi), v. shalaza.

S

y

SHA

570

SHA

A sneaking, suspicious- I

acting

as below. Cp.

i(h)-Shalashala, u.
looking person,
i(li)-Nyalanyala

Shalaza, v. Keep away from, shun
company of, avoid a person (ace.
ela form ). as a person who finds
self in an assembly or room along
another whom he doesn't, wish to
intercourse with, or whom he raav

the
with
him-
with

hold
see
coming along and so avoid by taking
another path (cp. gwegwesela ) ; anoint
the body sparingly, just here and there,
with fat. Cp. ui/alaza.

Shalu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Appear or get
seen momentarily and as suddenly dis-
appear, cause a momentary vision,
flash out, flash by, as a person quickly
passing a doorway or turning a corner
l efore" being clearly seen, or a sudden
burst of sheet-lightning = ukuti yape,
ukuti shobe.

Shaluza, v. Appear and disappear sud-
denly, as above; be continuously on the
move, first here then there, as a busy
overseer at work, or an idle wanderer
(= jaluza. Cp. shangasha).

um-Shaluzane, n. 5. = um-Shangeshu.

Shamasheka (s. k.), v. Be ardent, zealous,
enthusiastic, in earnest about any work
(ace. with ela form) = shisekela.

Shamaza, v. Go off secretly for purposes
of sexua] intercourse, as a girl to the
kraal of her young-man — now nearly
obsolete = gadhla.

Shambakaqa, ukuti (Shdmbhakaqa ukuthi),
v. = ukuti shwambakaqa.

Shambasha (Shambhasha), v.=shimbasha.

Shambasheka (Shambhasheka), v. = shi-
mbasheka.

Shampa (s.j>),n. = shaha.

Shampu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.), v. = shampu-

■ji .

Shampuza (s. p.), v. Do anything in a slight,
superficial, careless, partial manner,
as when hoeing a field in an unthorough
manner, or washing a thing without
removing all the dirt, paying only half
hearted attention to a visitor, or when
talking in a half kind of way (intentional-
ly or otherwise) so that one cannot
completely understand how the matter
really stands = ukuti shampu, nyanya-
lata.

i(li)-Shampushampu (8.p.),n. One given
to doing things in an unthorough, half-
hearted, 'scamping' way from careless
indifference «>r laziness.

um-Shampuzane (s.p.),n.o. = i(li)-Sha-
mpushampu.

Shamsheka (s. k.), v. = shimbasheka.

i(h)-Shamuza, n. Blister or rising of the
skin filled with watery fluid, as from a
scald (cp. i-nTshabusuku; i(li)-Bamuza) ;
also = i(li)-Tamuza.

um-Shana, n. 1. Name given to the child of
a woman by her parents and her bro-
thers (not sisters, who would say mercty
um-Ntanami).

i(li)-Shanda, n. (C.N. fr. Xo.) = i(li)-Shada.
Shanduza, v. Tramp about, as over the
country (ace.), or here and there on any
spot.

Shanela, v. Sweep, as a room (ace. or loc.)
or the rubbish therein ; clear out a grain-
pit (ace), i. e. remove the last remnants
of grain therefrom ; hold an informal
kind of dance, 'sweeping clear' the spot,
as when, after the conclusion of the
dancing of the bridal party and before
the commencement of the bride-groom's
dance, a body of outsiders or spectators
(young-men and girls) assemble of their
own accord under their headman, and
perforin on the dancing-ground = sha-
yela.

i(li)-Shanelo, n. Kafir tea-plant, of two
varieties, commonly used for sweeping
yards, etc., — hence the name; broom
formed of any shrub-twigs for sweeping
in the open ( not in the hut — see below )
= i(li)-Shayelo.

um-Shanelo, n. 5. Hand-broom, formed of
a small bundle of strong grass, etc.,
and used for sweeping in the hut (=
um-Shayelo); also applied to the young-
er sister of a bride, who accompanies
her to her new home and subsequently
herself marries there.

Shanga or Shangashanga, v. Wander a-
bout from place to place, as over the
country, or a vagabond dog — shanga-
sha; cp. zula; betuza [Sw. zunguka,
wander; tanga, stroll; Her. rianga,
wander].

Shangasha, v. = shanga.

u(l u) -Shangashanga, n. One given to
wandering about the country, as a rov-
ing person or vagabond dog = um-Sha-
ngeshu.

um-Shangashu, n. 5. = u( hi)- Shangasha-
nga.

Shangaza, v. = shanga.

um-Shangeshu, n. 5. = u(lu)- Shangasha-
nga.

u(lu)-Shangushangu, n. = u(lu)- Shangasha-
nga.

Shanguza, v. = shanga.

i(li)-Shani, n. = um-Coboka.

SHA

571

SHA

y

Shantshula (s.t.),v. Go 'flying' along, as
a man or buck swiftly running, or ( by
comparison ) getting along with unusual
quickness when walking hlantlula.

Shapa, ukuti (Shapha, ukuthi), v. Eject,
(>)• make flow out in any way through
an orifice, a single small quantity of any-
thing liquid, as a man when passing
urine (ace.) slightly, a milkboy squeezing
only a few drops of milk (ace.) from
ilif udder, or the cow giving milk- in
thai way, or an infant evacuating a single
small liquid stool, or a person letting
fall a word or two in a conversation
about some matter = shapaza, shapa-
keza, xhiijuihr.n. Cp. tshapaza.

isi-Shapa (Shapha), n. A small square
of beadwork presented to a young-man
by his sweetheart and worn by him
over the hips (N).

Shapakeza (Shaphakeza), v. = ukuti shapa.

Shapakezi, ukuti (Shdphakezi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti shapa.

Shapalaza (Shaphalaza),v. = ukuti shapa.

Shapalazi, ukuti (Shdphalazi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti shapa.

Shaqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = shaqa; sliaqr-
ka; shaqisa.

Shaqa,?'. Shrink together (intrans.), draw
up together, contract, as a cloth bunch-
ing up together from any cause, or the
flesh round a healing sore, or the skin
when acted upon by an astringent me-
dicine (= shaqeka); make so shrink or
draw up together, or contract (= sha-
qisa); shrink together with astonish-
ment, i.e. be utterly amazed (= shaqe-
ka); make so shrink together i.e. utterly
astonish or amaze (- shaqisa); clear
off entirely at one go, finish right off,
remove or take clean away, as cattle a
field of mealies, a man drinking off a
pot of beer or removing a heap of rub-
bish at one taking (= ukuti shwale,
shaqalazi) [Sw. shangaza, astonish].

u-Shaqa, //. Certain herb (Berkheya sp.)
of astringent properties, \\^i\ for sores.

i(li)-Shaqa, ». Dry cake of cowdung, used
as fuel (-: i(li)-Longwe); thin- burnt
up to a cinder, as meat or mealies when
burnt in roasting; also applied to the
liver, as being of a 'dried up' nature
after boiling.

isi-Shaqaba, u. i(li)-Jaha.

Shaqalaza, r. = ukuti shaqalazi, shasha-
laza.

Shaqalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Clear off en-
tirely, finish clean off, as a pot of beer
(ace) — shaqa; ukuti shashalazi.

\ finishing clean off.
. - /' • i r i/taf/ala <

isi-Shaqalazi, //.

Ex. i ■ i nl, ni an

mini, i In- cattle have made :i cleat

in the field.
Shaqeka (s. /,-.), r. see shaqa.
Shaqisa, r. see shaqa.

Ex. a nint i wokushaqisa, a medicine for

making contract i.e. an astringent (see thu-

qis

Shashalaza, r. shaqalaza.

Shashalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti sha-
qalazi.

i(li)-Shashaza or Shashazi, //. Vesicular
pimple ( containing matter i, pustule,
of an eruption. Cp. i-nTsuntsumba.

Shashe, ukuti (ukuthi), i'. Merely put in

an appearance, just lei oneself be seen

only in phr. below.

Ex. ifiiii. ungasati shashe ngakiti't why

is it you no longer show your face down

our way?

be/in.' ungabe usati shashe lapa, now mind!
don't let yourselt he seen here anymore.

u-Shawu, u. = u-Shwawu.

Shawula, /'. (hither, make fire, etc., with
dry sticks of the i-nTshawula weed
(only used by women ).

Shaya, r. Strike, beat, hit, as a person
(ace.) witli a stick ( nga), or a buck with
a bullet ; flog, as a child; punish a per-
son, generally, in any sense; play, aux-
ins! rumen! < whether by hand or month i ;

clap (followed by iz-Andhla or /,//>

Hlombe, expressed orunderstood ) ; make
one (ace.) out to be, a-- a fool (ace.) ; do
off anything in fine style, in numerous
idiomatic senses, as below (Sw. chapa,
strike; MZT. jaya, kill].

Ex. shaya, sibone, clap ami let us -
as an umngoma might say to one come l"
consult her.

ungishaya isituta, yon make m< out a rool.

waxishaya inyanga, he pretended to be an
expert | at the business

indhlu ii'il.' wayishaya ngamapulankice, he
did hi- house elf with hoards | inside .

injn: ishaya ngenguho ebomvu, I did mj
off, i.e. picked out for myself, treated my-
aelf i", a red blanket.

nun! wawashaya uBani aniasi, oh! he
did off the amasi, did So-and-so, i.e. put it
away, ate it off largely.

ushaye inkomaxi cmnyamn ii
he haa done off, knocked off, pointed out lor
as, a black cow with it> calf

babeshayi Huh. they had done off i*. e. had
formed, or were going in. a Loug siugle file.

tol'ttkairtba ungikalushayi, 1 have not yet
done off this beer-pot i.e. have merely laid

SHA 572

the rolls i>r clay one on the other, and have
col yet smoothened them together into one
surface = laluxa.

uBani uicashayile nonyaka atnabele, So-
and-so has done off the Kafir-corn properly
this year i.e. has got a hue show or crop
of it. See mponya.

ixinkomo tiyishaye tayilahla for wyibema)
intsimu yatnz, the cattle have done off my
field and discarded it i. e. have left nothing

sewashaya wacita, he is already off and
away.

us/iaye izingqakala, he does himself off
i.e. he shows abundantly, the white of the
feet i Native i.

walushaya (ukamba) kanye, he did it off
i the pot of beer i at a go.

sebeshaya wmcanguxo, isigerre, impendu,
iiigoma (or any set-dance), they are uow
iloing off i.e. going through or performing
an umcanguxo, etc.

Phr. uku-shaya ixandhla or ihlombe, to
strike together the hands i.e. clap (whether
a single clap or continuously).

ngiyakukushaya, ngibuye ngiyocela ugwayi
hu'yihlo, 1 shall strike you and then go and
ask your father for a pinch of snuff, i. e. and
shall uot care about your father being present.

uku-shaywa indhlebe, to catch a whisper,
overhear a word or two of conversation, hear
a rumour.

uku-shaywa indhlovw for inkomo) esifubeni,
to be incapable of keeping a secret, blurt
abroad everything one knows.

uku-shaya umunwe, to smack the fingers,
as the Natives do when asserting vigorously.

uku-shaya pantsi, to fail, make a fruitless
effort, a failure, as when a man takes an
aim and misses, or a medicine that proves
ineffectual, or when a man talks in vain, or
a plan that has come to nothing.

uku-shaya itwabi, to have the hiccups.

uku-shaywa uvalo, to be alarmed, entered
by fear.

uku-shaya ikanda for intloko), to strike
the head (against the wall of the hut), as
when denying strongly = be positive (gen.
preceded by pika, etc.).

i(li)-Shayakote (Shayakhothe), n. A "clean
sweep or finishing off, as made by lo-
custs or drought to the crops (with en-
-.'>); double-faced or double-tongued
rascal who pretends friendship and then
speaks against you.

u-Shayakuhle (Shayakhuhle), v. Certain
free, exuding red sap, used as an wm-
Bulelo.

Shayana, v. Strike one another; knock

rainst one another, as two bottles

dangling; collide with, as a person with

a tree (with //") when running; come

SHA

into collision, as two running trains;
knock up against, meet, as one person
another (with na) on the road.

Shayanisa, v. Knock together (trans.), as
two cymbals (ace.) or the hands when
clapping, or the teeth when cold ; bring
into collision, put at loggerheads, cause
to quarrel, as a malicious talker might
two parties (ace. with amakanda or
ngamakanda); make cross with one
another i. e. put or take one thing ( na
or nga) in place of another (ace), ex-
change one thing (ace.) for another {na
or nga). Cp. pambanisa.

Ex. ultamb'cshayanisa abantu ngamaka-
nda for ugentloko), he goes setting people
at loggerheads, bringing them into conflict.

trauishayanisela inkomo yake ngehashi
for nehashi), he exchanged for him his cow
for a horse.

ngaVuba ugifike emLalaxi, ngasengishaya-
nisa, ngaqonda /.«' Hambanoba, upou reach-
ing the Umlalazi, I changed (my path for
another) and made for Hambanoba's.

Shaye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be numerous, as
cattle or people.

Shayeka (s.k.),v. Get struck, knocked, etc.;
be strikable, etc.

Ex. washayeka elcanda rufumuti, he got

knocked on the head by a tree = he knocked
his head against a tree (as when running)

Shayela, v. Beat or strike for ; hence, drive,
as a wagon (ace.) or carriage (from the
main occupation being with the whip ) ;
also = shanela.

Shayelela, v. Speak at length with a view
to some particular point, drive away at
it (C.N.).

um-Shayeli, n. 1. Driver, as of a wagon
( mod.).

um-Shayelo, n. 5. = um-Shanelo.

Shayisa.v. Cause to strike, etc.

Ex. mus'ttkumshayis'uvalo, you shouldn't
make him alarmed.

um-Shayo, n. 5. Rafter, of any kind in a
hut (though most commonly applied to
those that go across the hut fi'om side
to side, that which goes from front to
back having a special name, um-Janja-
to ) ; also = um-Zamaziso.

Shaza, v. Scorch or dry up, as frost or a
ver}' eold wind the crops (ace. — not as
fire, see hamula).

Phr. washaxwa! you were nipped by the
frost, came to nothing (like the corn in the
field), you were a failure!— shouted in de-
rision at one who has made an ineffectual
effort at something or made amiss = washa.

i(li)-Shaza, n. (N) = inGivagiva.

Catch a glimpse
see it for an in-

SHE

Shazi ukuti (ukuihikv.
of a thing ( ace.), just
stant, as when it quickly passes before
one. Cp. ukuti rrabe; ukuti rreze.

isi-Shazi,«. = um-Langa.

Shaziza, v. = ukuti shazi.

um-Shazo, u. 5. Cuttingly cold wind blow-
ing from the Drakensberg, in the up-
country districts.

She, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Lit' tightly upon or
sticking closely to, as the skiii of burnt
porridge on a pot (loc), a socle to the
foot when fitting tightly, or ( by com-
parison) a person 'sticking to' a friend
when in strange company; also (C.N.
fr. Xo.) = ukuti shashe.

She, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be entirely absent,
wanting, gone, etc., as all the people
from a kraal, or water from a river =
ukuti mm.

u-Shebe (Shebhe),n. Large fat beast oi
person = isi-Shubuka, um-Vesho.

Shebeleza, v. (Hide along (apparently with-
out any agitating motion), as a fish,
a duck upon the water, a railway-train,
or a man quickly getting over the ground
with a steady imperceptible short-step-
ped gait = ukuti shebelezi.

Shebelezi, ukuti (ukutlii),v. = shebeleza.

isi-Shede, n. Fowl with no tail-feathers
naturally; person witli small buttOCks =
i-nTshedesi.

Shefe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti feshe.

Sheka (s. k.),v. Pass watery, 'shooting'
stools, as a person or beast with diar-
rhoea (= huda); get burned in one's
heart, be burning or in a passion with
love, desire, or other emotion, as an
ardent lover or passionate preacher (cp.
shisekela ).

Phr. ukushekehoa igwababa — see Inula.

Shekelela (s.k.),v. .Make a detour for, cut
round or across by another hidden path
for, as in order not to he seen by some-
thing (ace) one wishes to overtake. Cp.
gwegwesela.

Shekeleza (s. k.), v. - tekeleza.

um-Shekelo (s. k.), n. 5. Place below or
outside of the kraal-entrance, towards
which the cowdung and kraal-manure
gets carried by the rain and which in
consequence becomes a very rich spot;
small particle of dung, as voided by a
bird on to anything; white spot or mark
on the back of a black or red beasl
um-Sheko.

Shekezela (s.k.),v. Be filled with appre-
hension, dread, or fear, as when called

573 SHE

up by die chief for some fault or when
passing a frightful place at night

Ex. angishekexeli ngam (o\ angiku ■
leli), I dou'l fear you in the l< ast

isi-Sheki (s.k.),n. One burning, in a pas-
sion With love, desire, or Other emotion,

as an ardent lover or passionate preach-
er. Cp. isi-Shisekeli.
um-Shekisane (s. k.), n. 5. Certain tree
( Euclea lanceolata ), having -mall edible
berries and whose roots are used a

powerful purgative em-ma.

um-Sheko (s.k.), ». ■',. um-Shekelo.

u(lu)-Sheko (s. k.j, u. Loose, semi-liquid
stools, as of diarrhoea or of a bird
u(lu)-lludi).

Shela, /\ Dry up for, in, etc. (mostly
transposed into passive form, shelwa),
as the water for its pot or river; lie
closely upon, stick tightly to, as the
burnt porridge-skin to the bottom of a
pot, or as a close-fitting pair of stock-
ings, or a person remaining persistently
seated on one spot or 'sticking fast' to
a fellow-traveller i with ku or loc.
ukuti she); burn for (intrans.) i.e. In-
huming with love, desire, enthusiasm,
or other passion, for some person (ace i
or thing; hence (C.N.) woo, court, as a
young-man a girl ( qomisa).

Ex. ibuhikwe li slide cmzimbeni huge, tin-
trousers tit him tight to the body.

way'e y'iloku eshele kuye, he kept fast to
him.

ang'axi uma usashele-ni? I dou'l know
what he i- -nil enthusiastic aboul or anient
tor.

P. iuthnr.i islielwc ng'amanxi, the fish j.,
dried up for by the water he i> left strand-
ed, all linpi- has left him

isi-Shelashela, //. isi-Kuhlakuhla.

Shele, int. Never mind I Don'1 mind it!
Let it pass! said to soothe the feelings
of one who has been provoked, or Binned
against shwele. Cp. lamu.

Ex. sin h .' 'mfiinitii.' i.

i'j. . don't mind it, brother <>| mine! it i-
only caused by his craziness,

Shelela, v. ukuti shelele.

Shelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Slip, slide, as
when stepping on a slippery -tone or
piece of orange-peel ; slip off, out, av.
as any article from its place, or a i
son stealthily leaving a party <<-p. ukuti
nyelele)\ let slip, as an undesirable word
or involuntary breaking of wind |S\\.
teleza, slip; Ga, seleza, slip: Bo. teh

be slippery ; Her. heza, slip].

Ex. icas'eti shelele, icapuma riid/ihni, he
then slipped out of the hut

X

/

SHE

574

SHI

into, etc,
buttocks

Sheleleza, v. Slide along, down,
as children sliding <>n their
down a sandy bank or off a pool-bank
into the water; slide a thing (ace.) along,
as when pushing a spoon along a table;
'slip along' i.e. get over much ground
quickly, as a fast nimble walker = she-
sheleza, shishiliza.

u-She!eni, n. Shilling [Eng.].

i(li)-Sheleshele, h. One who shuffles along,
not raising the feet, as a very aged
person. See sheleza.

Sheleza, /•. Smoothen, smoofhe off ( so as
to remove irregularities or obstructions ),
as when smoothening soil (ace.) in a
sd-box, smoothing off the little
swelling in a newly-laid clay floor, or
smoothing off the end of a roadway
that it may descend easily into one be-
low ( teleza); go along with a shuf-
fling -ait, dragging the feet along, as a
very old person; say shele (q. v.) to a
person (ace) i.e. smoothen his temper
by quietening words or exhortations.

ubu-Shelezi, n. Slipperiness ; smoothness
of surface, as of polished wood or vel-
vet; dangerous riskiness, as in war,
hunting, etc [Sw. Bo. u-telezi, slipperi-
ness; Ga. bu-selezi; Her. oma-hezisiro].
Ex. kus'ebitshelexmi lapo, it is full of dau-
r, risks there.

Plir. ukuw'enxa ,bushelexi amaxinyo, to
put tic teeth on edge, as does eating pine-
apples, etc.

isi-Sheli, n. (C.X.) = isi-Qomisi.

i(li) or u(lu)-Shengele, n. Strong walker,
able to cover an immense distance at a
time u(lu)-Shezi. Cp. u(lu)-Shishi.

um-Shengele, n. 5. = um-Cakulo.

Shengu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = shengula.

Shengula, v. Scoop up snuff (ace.) from
the palm of the hand into a snuff-box,
or by an i-nTshengula.

Shesha, /•. Do quickly, as in any action;
make haste, be quick, as when walking
or being sent. Cp. kawuleza.
Ex. sliesh'ubuye, return quickly.

Shesheleza, v. sheleleza.

um-Sheshengwana, n. /. or 5. Sneaking in-
former, who is always carrying tales to
the chief about other people's doings.
< ',/. u-Sihlalangabanyemakosini; urn-
Zekeci.

Sheshezela, /'. (Jo along quickly, hurriedly:
hasten off to the chief with tales about
other people.

Sheshisa, v. Make a person (ace.) or thing-
be quick, hasten, hasten along; do quick-
ly, In- quick, make to get along quickly.

Ex. uBani uyasebenxa kahle, uyashesJrisft,
So-and-so works well, he is quick (makes it
go quickly).

sheshisani nalo'msebenxi, he quick (make
to go quickly) with this work.

u-Shevu, n. Poison. Cp. ubu-Ti [P. fer-

V'i'Y
i(li)-Shezi, n. Piece or strip of meat from

a slaughtered beast, from its being a

delicacy of rare occurrence (seldom

used ).

u(lu)-Shezi, n. — u(lu)-Shengele.
Shi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti twa.

Ex. enkomeni ute shi, he is buried in

cattle, has so many of them.

ntukutele us'ete shi, he is angry, he is
deep gone into it (anger) /. e. he is in n rage.

isi-Shi, n. Unsociable humour, disincli-
nation to be companionable or obliging,
as a stranger who when asked a ques-
tion or a favour gives a bad-humoured
response, or people who having fallen
out act in an unfriendly manner towards
one another when they meet = a(lu)-
Gruba.

Ex. ngaeela isitsha kuye, warufenxela isishi
rye, I asked him for a vessel, hut he just
gave me a disobliging humour.

u(lu)-Shibandolo, n. Any tall, slender per-
son or thing, as a lanky man, or long
mealie-stalk.

Shibazeia, v. Go on in a bold, heedless
manner, after having been checked or
called, as a child, or one trespassing
through a field; go along generally in
a bold, vehement manner, fire along,
as when going off in a wild angry
humour; 'fire away', do vigorously, any
work, dancing, etc. (rarely used in this
sense) = shingizelu.

Shibiiika (s.k.), v. Go bad, turn bad, as beer,
milk, fruit, or a person who has turned
to evil ways; wriggle about, struggle,
as a cat or' a thief when in one's grasp
or a snake when struck (cp. shoba-
shoba).

Shibiliza, v. Make so go bad, or wriggle
about.

u-Shiboshi (Shibhoshi), n. Sheep-wash
or dip; any disinfectant [Eng. J.

ShVde ukuti (ukuthi), v. = shidela; ukuti
shiqe.

Shidela, v. Thrust or insert a thing (ace.)
into or among something else, as when
thrusting a stick into a hole, or a small
article in among a heap of clothes so as
to be hid (cTp.hlokoza); 'thrust at' one
(ace.) rough, violent, abusive language
shiqela.

SHI 575

Shihaha (Shihhahha), int. Used for urg-
ing on dogs in the chase, hulls when
fighting, etc. See shishizela; bibizela.
Shika (s. fr.), v. shikashika.

Ex. kawungiboni y'ini nyixishikela lapa
okuleni? don't you sec me toiling away by
myself at these weeds?
ShVka, or ShVka shVka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),
sh ikaza, sh ikash ika.

SH

r.

i(li)-Shikane (s.k.),n. i-nCfwe.

Shikaqa (s.k.), v. Doctor with charms so
as to make overcome, as the inyanga
an army or chief (ace.) before war;
charm so as to make powerless, as the
inyanga might the enemy (ace.) ( gqi-
laha); work upon a young person (ace.)
so as to net the better of him in love,
or that iie lose attractiveness, become
disliked ( shingosha, gqunqisa).

um-Shikaqo (s.k.),n.5. .Medicinal charm
used for the above purpose; person so
worked upon, rendered disliked, as ahove
( . - isi-Shingoshi; Cp. isi-Tundu).

Shikashika (s.k.), v. Toil away, work away
laboriously at any work (ace. or with
loc. or na), as at a field or other piece
of work one wants to get through = shi-
ka, shikaza.

Shikashikeka (s.k.),v. (let worked
laboriously or toilsomely, as a person
engaged on some big troublesome job
(= nyikanyikeka); get wearied, as by
long waiting or sitting with nothing to
do (with jxoifsi ).

Shikaza (s.k.), v. = shikashika.

Shiki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),V. Have large-
sized buttocks (= shikila); be too much
for, overpower ( sltihilisa ).

Shiki (s.k.),int. shouted to cattle to check
them, bring them back, etc., when going
off from the herd, turning out of the
path, etc. shikiza, shilizu.

i(li)-Shiki (s. /::), n. A going-away for good ;
also (by comparison) an unusually pro-
tracted absence (even when returning)
with muka, hamba, etc.
Ex. uBani sewakamba ishild, So-and-so
has gone off for good, he never comes, or is
coming, back.

Shikila (s.k.), v. Show great massive but-
tocks (cp. qanata; pentsula; lewesha);
show or exhibit the buttocks to another
(ace. with ela form), as girls are ac-
customed to do to one another; turn
the buttocks, i.e. back, upon a person
(ace. with ela form fulatela); turn
the back on (metaphor.), abandon, des-
pise, as a son his parent or benefactor
(ace. with ela form fulatela); get on

vigorously ale-ad with any work, mal ■ •
quick progress with it, so that tin- main
portion is already left behind the but-
tocks or back, a- when hoeing a field
(ace. with ela form ), or (by comparison)
work generally, as hut-building, etc.
(cp. 8hmga)\ also shingipala.

Shikilelana (s.k.), v Turn the buttocks, <<r
back, towards one another, a- bold danc-
ing-girls coming oul from the line
accustomed t<> do to one another or i"
favoured spectators.

Shikilisa (s.k.),v. Be ton much for a per-
son (ace.), beat, overpower, as any work,
combatant, or subjecl of study uh uti
shiki.

Shikisha (s. k.), v. Rub, rub out, rub off,
rub in, a thine (ace.) by a vigorous rub-
bing pressure on one spot, as when a
person after having crushed an insect
under foot rubs it clean out by a shuf-
fling of the boot, or when rubbing mud
from the so!.- by a pressing rub, or an
embrocation into a painful spot, or when
rubbing the back (with nga) vigoro
ly or buttocks, as a horse, in order to
crush the ticks (ace shimbasha', cp.
kuhla; hlikihla; shinikeza); work or
wriggle one's way into, penetrate by a
forward pushing motion ( shikishela);
work or pester one by persistent irrita-
tion, as when one eats indigestible fruit-
berries and they cause him stomach-
pains, or a person who is an u(lu)Shi-
kishi, q. v.

Ex. ngapika, ngashikisha ngesihlati pantsi,
I denied. I rubbed with the cheek on the
ground i.e. I denied vigorously.

Shikisheka (s.k.),v. 'let rubbed with pres-
sure, as above; get persistently irritated,
be [pestered or bothered, as by any
trouble-some work, or person, bodily
ailment, etc. shimbashei

Shikishela (s.k.), r. Work or wriggle one's
way into, penetrate by a pushing motion,
as 'a man working his way through a
crowd or in among other- for a seat, or
a tick or Lance working its way forward
into the flesh ukuti shikishi.

Shikishi, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), '•• shikis/u In.

u(iu)-Shikishi (s.k.),n. Person of an irri-
tatingly angry or ill-humoured nature,
always snapping at somebody, quai
ling, fault finding, etc, so as to be a •
to them u(lu)-Xabosi.

Shikiza (s. k.), v. Command, check, etc,
cattle ( ace. with ela form > by shouting
shiki q. v. to them.

Shili, int. shiki.

Shiliza or Shilizela, /•. shikiza.

SHI

576
iris

isi-Shimane, v. Man rejected by the
(C.N.) isi-Gwadi.

Shimanqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be closely
gathered together in a group, clump,
lump, Ptc, as caul.1, people talking, a
small wood or thick cluster of trees stand-
ing alone, or thickened lumpy food.

isi-Shimanqa, n. Group, clump, or thick
lump, of cattle, people, trees, food, etc.
collected or lumped together ( isi-
Shumanqa)', also by some, a rejected
person, as a young-man not liked of the
girls or wife not liked by the man (=
isi- ( ;>r<nli ; isi-Sh in ikezi ).

Shimbasha (Shimbhasha), v. = shikisha.

Shimbasheka (Shimbhasheka), v. = shiki-
sheka.

isi-Shimeyana, n. Intoxicating drink made
from treacle (C.N. from. Eng. machine).

Shina, v. Lie with a woman (C.N. Baca).

Shinashina, r. Work away at, or do off,
vigorously and in large degree, as a
woman working away at a large field
(ace.), or pitching into another (ace.)
vehemently with scolding, or a man
putting away an unusually large dish of
food (ace.) or stabbing a wild-beast (ace.)
energetically so as to kill it outright.

Shinga, v. (Jet along vigorously and ra-
pidly witli any piece of work, as a wo-
man with a field (with «a) she is hoeing,
or a man with a hut he is building (cp.
shikila); also = rrina (the commoner
word in ZululandJT

i(!i)-Shinga, n. = isi-Rrini; groundsel-like
weed, used as vermifuge for calves (N).

ubu-Shinga, n. Character or nature for
doing wrong, or what is bad, disapprov-
ed of, harmful, etc.

ama-Shingana, n. (N) = i-nGxobongo.
isi-Shingi, //. = isi-Rrini.

Shingipala (Shingiphala), v. Turn away,
or go off, witli dislike, indignation, an-
p, as from something that has caused
one sudden ill-feeling shikila.

Shingizela, v. = shibazela.

isi-Shingo, n. isi-Copo.

Shingosha, /•. Work on a person (ace.)
witli charms in order that he lose his
attractiveness or become disliked by the
other sex gqunqisa, shikaqa.

isi-Shingoshi, //. Medicinal charm used as
above; person so treated and rendered
disliked, etc. um-Shikaqo.

Shingota (Shingotha), v. Roam about all
over the place in a restless manner as
in search of something, as a woman
going about iu search of food for her

SHI
of famine

or a sick
restless by sickness,
quiet on one spot =

children in time

person rendered

unable to remain

shingoza.
ama-Shingoti (Shingothi), n. Restless or

aimless roamings-about, as above, or of

one talking a lot of senseless rubbish.
Shingoza, v. = shingota.
isi-Shingozi, n. Stick for stirring u-tshtoa-

la (C.N.).

u-Shingwana, n. = isi-Copo.

Ex. upePushingwana la r— he seem- to
lord it here, to he quite at his ease (C.N.).

Shinikeza (s.k.},v. Bub off, wipe off with
a pressing sweep, as mud (ace.) from
the foot on a mat, snuff out of one's
palm, or paint from the hand with a
cloth = hlinikeza; cp. hlikihla.

Shin ikezi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = shini-
keza, ukuti hlinikezi.

isi-Shinikezi (s. k.), n. Rejected person, as a
young-man rejected by the girls or wife
by her husband = isi-Shonkolo, iiiii-
Shikaqo, isi-Shipati, isi-Gwadi. Cp.
i-nJolikazi.

Shintsha (s.t.),v. Change money
from one variety into another
change]; also (N) = shisha.

Shipa (Shipha), v. Break wind
with the sound shi (cp. rrwirrwizi
suza; ukuti ndwi); cause a disgust, dis-
like, aversion in one (ace), as the same
food continually served, or long mono-
tonous work (= dina, kataza; cp. ne-
nga) = pish a.

Shipana (Shiphana), int. exclamation of
triumph over an enemy (C.N.).

isi-Shipati (Shiphathi), n. = isi-Shinikezi.

Shipeka (Shipheka), v. Get disgusted with,
tired of with dislike or aversion, as
with the same food or work always, or
a long and tiresomely sick patient.

ShVpi, ukuti (Shiphi, ukuthi), v. = shipa;
shipeka; shipiza.

isi-Shipi (Shiphi), n. Few drops or slight
quantity of anything suddenly dis-
charged, as of watery stools discharged
when breaking wind, or a few drops of
milk squeezed from a cow (see shipa;
shipiza); any article of dress for every-
day wear or working in (cp. i(li)-Hlo-
bo).

Shipiliza (Shiphiliza), v. Wipe off with a
sliding or sweeping movement, as
spilled water (ace.) from off a table,
snuff from out of a person's palm, or
as cattle 'wiping off mealies from a
field; sweep slidingly off or along, as a

(ace),
[Eng.

i-ently,

SHI 577

smooth-surfaced grinding-stone does
the grain (ace.) without crushing it.

Shipilizi, ukuti (Shiphilizi, ukuthi), v. =

shipi I >-:<i.
urn or u(lu)-Shipilizi (Shiphilizi), n. 5.

Smooth-surfaced or slippery stone, as

SHI

in a river; gen, used of a grinding-
stone.

Shipiza (Shiphiza),v. Wipe off with a
sweep of the hand, as tears (ace.) from
tin' eyes, sweat From the brow, water
from the outside of ;i washed vessel,
or dust from one's sleeve; wipe off m
few drops i.e. draw only a very slight
quantity of milk (ace.) from a cow's
udder when milking. Cp. dpiza.

ShYqe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti shide.

isi-Shiqe, n. Rough, violent, abusive talk.
Ex. mus'ukumkulumela ngesishiqe, don't
speak to him in such a wild, abusive way.

Shiqeka (s. k.), v. = shidela.

Shiqela, v. = shidela.

Shiqelekela (s.k.),v. Thrust oneself into,
intrude oneself unwanted, as into a hut
or company (loc). Cp. fuzula.

isi-Shiqeli, n. Violent-tongued person. See
shiqela.

ShTsa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Have a sensation
of heat in the bowels, causing one to
go to stool.

Shisa, v. Burn a thing (ace), as with
fire or a red-hot instrument; burn, or
cause a hot, inflamed sensation in, as
strong spirits in a person's throat (ace.),
or a tight bandage ; heat, as metal (ace.)
in the fire; be hot (i.e. burning to
what they touch), as hot water, food,
or the sun; scorch up, dry up, as the
sun or frost docs crops or rivers; be
burning, or inflamed, as one's heart
with passion, or a wound with inflam-
mation. See sha.

Ex. washiswa intlixiyo, he was burnt or
consumed by strong internal feelings or
passion (as to do any particular thing).
amanxi ashisayo, hot water.
Phr. uloku esishisela /<i><>j/>I", he
always nagging at US, pestering ns with
angry temper, is never done scolding
etc. '

u-Shisa, u. Kafir eating-house (T).

i(li)-Shisa, n. Any decorated (///.burnt
for) thing, as a wooden head-rest, food-
bowl or calabash carved and ornament-
ed with black figures burnt in with
a red-hot iron, or an eating mat or
basket when interwoven with
previously boiled in colouring mattei

IS

his

lis,

grass

i(li)-Shisandhlu, n. Hot wind

(in

Zululand » from the north west i lit. the
hut-burner) umu-Ntla. See i-Nyakato.

um-Shisanyongo, //. .,. Beer taken from
the mother's to her n ntly-married

daughter's kraal within the first few
month's after her wedding.

u(lu)-Shisazwe, //. Small plant having
tiny leaves and white flowers, that 01
spreads open spots and is n -d a- an

i-nTelezi.

Shisekela (s. k.), v. Have a constant con-
cern, persevering interest or heart for

a thine, as for work, study, etc; !>•■
zealous at or for, earnest about sha-

mashekela. Cp. sheka.

isi-Shisekeli (s.k.),n. Person with a Btrong
constant Interest, concern, heart for any
work, undertaking, etc.; a zealous per-
son. Cp. isi-Sheki.

Shisela, v. Burn for; have the breasts
become dark around the nipples,
a woman at the time of conception.

Ex. m'eshisele umfaxi ka'Bani, So-and-
so's wife has already the breasts darkened
/. e. has now conceived.

Shisha, v. = jija.

Sh'i'shi, int. Stop, that'll do, used to stay
an action, as when one is pouring out
water = peza.

i(li)-Shishi, n. One of the regiment form-
ed by Mpande next after the i-nKone
= is-Angqu.

isi-Shishi, n. (C.N.) = isi-Sihla ; als< i i-m I isi.

u(lu)-Shishi, >/. An endless uninterrupted
going on, persistent continuation of
action, as of walking, working, talking,
etc.; hence, a walking far or covering
a gi-eat distance in one continuous
march, as of a Btrong walker (cp ml")
Shengele); persistent loquacity, as of ;i
person who can't be made to give Ins
tongue a rest.

Shishibala, r. Be stunted, undergrown, un-
dersized, as a child, crops, etc. basha,
qata.

isi-Shishibala, ». Person or thin- stunted,
undergrown, as above.

Shishiliza, r. Slide along
( trans, and intrans. >. as
ing a spoon (ace.) along
tin- spoon itself, or a railway-train (
shesheleza)', -it about with sonic crafty
purpose, as to steal or Let a bit of food

from those feasting; slide along (meta-
phor.) /• '■■ get «>ver the country largely,
travel tar | jija, shisha); slide off,
sweep off, as cattle clearing "It the
mealies (ace.) from a field; <a<> ">ff in a
long closely-packed sweep, as a lot of

37

glide along

a persiiii slid-
a table, or a-

SHI

578

SHO

kraals thickly running along a ridge, or
a long strip of anything growing dense-
ly together.

Shishilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = shishiliza.

Shishimeza. /'. Go on and on endlessly,
persistently, as when journeying, narrat-
ing, etc. =dandabuza. See u(lu)-Shishi.

Shishinga, v. Hurry violently (C.N.),
Shishizela, v. Set on, as dogs (ace.) by
saying sliihaha to them (cp. bibizela;
hahela); pierce a thing (ace.) by burn-
ing, as when burning the hole for the
assegai-blade in the haft (ace.) or when
inserting the red-hot Kafir hoe-iron into
the handle (ace).

u-Shisizwe, //. Another name for the re-
giment i-nDhlondhlo ka'Bashise q. v. ;
certain spreading weed, used as a love-
charm.

i(li)-Shiwushiwana, n. One given to slip-
ping about, or looking about, in a sly,
crafty manner, as though purposing
some wrong.

Shiwu shiwu, ukuti (ukuthi), v.

Shiwuza, v. Go slipping or
about here and there in a

manner as though bent c

= shiwuza.
wandering-
sly, crafty
something
wrong, as on stealing, spying, etc.; look
about in all directions in such a sly,
suspicious manner (with ngamehlo).

Shiya, v. Leave, let remain behind, as any
object or person (ace.) upon going away;
leave out, omit, as a word in a sen-
tence; leave, abandon, forsake, as a par-
ent his child, or any discarded article;
leave, as property after death [Sw. achia,
leave; Her. MZT. sia; Ro. dia; Ang.
xia],

l'hr. umximba wami uyangishiya, my
bodily strength is leaving ine, the strength
i« going out of me, as when getting quite
exhausted with a journey, although desirous
of getting along.

kanti ngapuma ngixishiyile, bo then I
went out I from the hut) and left myself
therein i.e. left everyone talking about me.

wafa exislriyile, she died leaving herself
behind i. e. left children (didn't die childless).

us'eyaxishiya, he is already leaviug him-
self behind '. e. passing stools or urine in-
voluntarily, ;is a very sick person.

ukushiywa indhle ixd/nyenibexd, etc., to be
left behind by -tools, tears, etc., i. e. to dis-
charge involuntarily.

sisine, eashiya induku for siqube induku
sayishiya), we danced and left behind the
stick that i-, left everyone talking about
n- i i.e. we danced exceedingly fine.

um-Shiya, n. o. (C.N.) in phrase below: —
uku-dhla 'mshiya 'mbih — see i-mFunda.

isi-Shiya-minwe-mibili, n. Eight,

isi-Shiya-munwe-munye, u. Nine (lit. the
leaving out of one finger).

Shiyana, v. Leave one another behind;
hence, be unequal, in growth, speed, etc.
(used in perf.)

Ex. amabele ashiyene, the Kafir-corn is

unequal, some being taller than the other.

isi-Shiyangoloiunye, n. Nine.

isi-Shiyangalombili (mbhili), n. Eight.

Shiyela, v. Leave something for a person
(doub ace).

Ex. umshiyele zorilce ixinkomo wke, he

left him all his cattle (as an inheritance).

Phr. shiyela, 'mngane! leave some for me,
friend! i.e. oblige me with a pinch of Snuff.
Cp. ncinxisa.

i(li) or u(lu)-Shiyi, n. A hair of the eye-
brows; plur. ama-Shiyi or izi-nTshiyi,
eyebrow or eyebrows [Reg. lu-kiye, eye-
brow; Bo. sige; Ga. ki-sigibisu; Sw.
nyushi].

Shiyisa, v. Make to leave; used of one kill-
ing another and so making him leave
all his property.

um-Shiza, n. 5. Stout stick or staff with-
out a knob, such as are commonly
carried by young-men for defensive
purposes (=>= um-Zaca; cp. isi-Kunli);
stout mealie-stalk bearing no ear; fe-
male without (i. e. with abnormally
small) breasts (cp. isi-Pofu); also (C.N.)
= um-Ciza.

u(lu)-Shizane, n. Brass ring, or number
thereof together, worn as bracelet or
armlet (C.N.) ; also = i-mBondwe.

Sho (perf. shilo and, in Mtetwa and other
districts, shizo; neg. shongo; pass, shi-
woj, v. Say (gen. followed by uku-ti);
declare; think so, or say so within one-
self; speak of, refer to, mean, as any
particular thing (ace.) ; do a thing pro-
perly, do it off capitally, show off fine-
ly, etc.; freq. used in sense of 'even'
[Her. tya, say; San. joa, say; Sw. licha,
I don't say; At. fo, say; Ha. tse, say;
Bui. fo, speak; Man. ro, say].

Ex. washo, ivati, you said, saying.

ngisho njalo, 1 say so, that is what I say
or think ; exactly.

usho kanjani, ukuti? how can you say
that, etc.?

uyasho nje, he says so merely, he doesn't
mean what he says.

ngisho yona, I say, or mean, it (that very
thing you are doubtiug about).

yislio pela, six/we, say it out I hen and let
us hear.

lewasho ubani ukuba axe lapa' who said

SHO
I that

nl.l

COIIH'

(or who told you) that yon sno
here ?

akusalaiiga, ngisho neyodwa, inkomo, there
did not remain even {lit. I say) :i Btngle
beast.

washo nokusho ukuti, yon said decidedly
that, you declared or asserted positively
that, et<\

angisasho nokidi uyakusinda, I no longer
aay i.e. think or believe, thai he will recover.

way'esho ngamashoba ake amhlope, hf was
done off fine, he showed oft' fine with his

white tails.

loamu&ho ngesagila ekwida, he gave hira
one properly on the head with his knobbed
stick.

wangisho ngenkulit ingubo yake, he did me
bfl grandly with his large blanket i. e. gave
it to me.

yasho ngapantsi nangapexulu, yadhlula, it
(the infant) did it off greatly below and
above (i.e. it vomited and purged), and
then passed away.

'angishongo loko'. 'Ushilo', 'I didn't say
that'. 'You did'.

kayikuhamba, (ngisho) ngoba uyagula, he
will not go, because, or for the reason that,
he is sick.

ktoashiwo i/i/'/i/rr, it was said by you; it
was you who said it.

ukv-xirSho, to assert oneself (in speech),
be self praising.
uku-Sho, n. Saying, words, as of a parti-
cular person.
Shoba or Shobashoba, v. Wriggle about,
as a snake when fixed by a stick, or
the tail of a lizard when cut from the
body; dart confusedly about, as min-
nows in water; move restlessly about
first here then there, as an agitated
sleeper or a restless child unable to sit
quiet = shobiza, ukuti shobi shobi,
qashaqasha, yobayoba.
i(li), sometimes um-Shoba, n. 5. Bush of
hair at end of the tail of an ox and si-
milar animals (-- ubu-Lunga); some-
times applied to the whole of such tail;
tail (whole) when formed merely of a
bunch of hair, as that of a horse; arm
and lee-ornament made of the busby
ends of a beast's tail; applied also to
one of the um-Beka cattle.

Phr. iyihlabile (or iyixoshile) e'shoba libo-
mvu! iyililabe ngolu'siklexa, kalakala! it has
gored (or driven off) the one with the red
tail! it gored it with the mere core of a
horn, bravo! — probably based upon the
fighting <>f two contending bulls, but now
used to express delight over the fall or roui
of some enemy who has gol the worsl ol it
= he has given it to him. Mine for him this
time, hurrah!

579 SHO

isi-Shoba, //. Certain thorny tre< i Oli-
nia cymosa i.

Shobe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. <:.. suddenly oul
of sighl or become hidden, a- a rabbit
into iis bole, a man round a corner, or
a buck over a hilltop shobela. Cp.
ukuti shalu.

Shobela, v. ukuti shobe.

Shobi or Shobi shobi, ukuti (ukuthi),

shobashoba.
Shobinga, v. Pass urine, make water

gcabaza, tunda [Her. orti-tyingo, peni |.
um-Shobingo, //. J. Qrine "/// Tondo.
u-Shobishobi, //. Minnow, tadpole, and the

like 10- Qashaqasha. See shobashoba.

Shobiza, /-. shobashoba, ukuti shobi.

i(li)-Shobolo, //. One who i> shabbily di

sed (C.N.).
Shobonga, /'. Talk' away, a an i(li)-Sho-

bonijn.

i(li)-Shobongo, a. One given to talking
away in an unprincipled manner with-
out any regard for honesty am! truth-
fulness, of whose word nothing can be
trusted.

Shodo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Nave a sinki
in, hollow, pit or hole in the body i
thing, as some potatoes, pumpkin .
trunks of trees, or (by comparison) a
person with very small buttocks.
isi-Shodo.

isi-Shodo, >>. Sunken hole. In. How, or pit.
as above; thing having such a boh or
hollow, or a person (mostly used of
females) with very small insignificanl
buttocks (as though sunken in), or a
sheep with its tail cul off, etc.
Shodolo, u(lu)-Buntshu.

u(lu)-Shodo, n. -- u(lu)-Tshodo.

Shodoka, /-. (let so sunken in, hollowed
in, as above see ukuti shodo.

isi-Shodolo, }>. isi-Shodo.

Shodoza, /'. Cause to gel sunken or hol-
lowed in, as above see iilrnti s//>,,/<,.

i(li)-Shofoshofo, //. i(li)-Shofushofu.

Shofoza, v. shofuza.

Shofu shofu, ukuti (ukuthi), r. shofu

i(li)-Shofushofu, //. Babbling, loquacious
talker, wdio prattles away about every
thing.

Shofuza, v. Tread or go crushing about
through long, thick i;rass or under-
growth (= dofoza)) chatter away about
everything, as an idle babbler sho-
foza.

um-Shokobezi (s.k.),n.l. Wearer of ubu-
Shokobezi Le. a warrior of the u-Sutu

*

A

'■•^vyf t,v ;

SHO

f IV .

580

SHO

or Cetshwayo's army (not that of u-Zi-
bebu), who adopted this custom.

ubu-Shokobezi (s.k.),n. Head-ornament

made of the bush of a cow's tail and

carried in two pieces erect on the top

of the head.
isi-Shokolo (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = isi-Shonkolo.
Sholo, v. Say for — object, form of sho.
Ex. washolo-ni loko na? what did you say

that for?

isi-Sholo, n. = isi-Gwadi.

Sholola, v. Glide or strike slantingly, so
as not to enter deeply, as an assegai
when hurled at anything (with ku).

ubu-Shololo, n. A striking slantingly, glid-
ingly, as above.

i(li)-Sholosholo, n. One who habitually pre-
sents an unsettled, inattentive, mentally-
preoccupied appearance, looking about
elsewhere, when met or spoken to.

Sholoza, v. Present an unsettled, uninterest-
ed, mentally agitated or preoccupied
appearance, looking about elsewhere,
when met or spoken to, as a person who
having done wrong may be met when
running away, or as one spying about
for something, as a detective. Cp. ba-
kaza.

isi-Shomo, n. Cluster or group, as of peo-
ple standing, stars, or long grass grow-
ing in a clump; great clustering mass,
or puff of smoke, as suddenly emitted
from a cannon or rising from a con-
flagration.

Shona, v. Sink, go down out of sight, as
down into a hole or deep water, or over
a hilltop; set, as the sun; go out of
sight ( generally ), as when passing round
a corner, or a bird soaring heavenwards;
die (used of human beings); (mod.) go
down in point of wealth, become poor
or bankrupt [Sw. chwa, zama, shuka,
go down],

Ex. selishordle (Manga), it (the sun) has
now set.

l'hr. washona ngas'oBanjem, he went down
or off towards Obanjeni.

id/int/r-jti i Diirad i ijnko'i where has you
book gone to, what has become of your
book?

/',(//>-, ///a yasliona pakati, the heart, spirits,
or consciousness sank down within, i.e. I
became utterly disappointed or depressed,
had do further spirits for anything (as when
overcome with misfortune, despair, grief, etc.),
or came over faint (as before a swoon).

i(li)-Shona or Shoni, n. Full-bodied flat-
topped i-nTloko or woman's top-knot
(as were introduced from the Swazis) |

and were originally very long (hence
saying below); but now applied to even
a short top-knot of this description (as
that of a betrothed girl).

Phr. a/mashona anyashoni! the ama-shona

top-knots which don't go down (from their
being seen above the hilltop long after the
wearer has disappeared) — a remark often
thrown out at any long topknot.

uku-Shona, n. Setting, as of the sun; going
down out of sight, as of a person.

u(lu)-Shonga, n. = urn-Hlangala; (C.N.)
thick part of a wood or bush.

i(ll)-Shongololo, n. Millipede or julus ; curl,
or coil of hair, as of a European with
a curly head of hair (from the resem-
blance to the julus when coiled up);
(C.N.) blue gnu [Her. e-ngororo, milli-
pede].

i(li)-Shongwe, n. Milk-shrub (Xysmalo-
bium lapathifolium), a small veldt-
shrub whose white flowers are eaten as
imifino and carrot-like root used as me-
dicine for stomach-complaints, etc. Cp.
i-nCohiba (to which the name is some-
times applied ) ; also i-nTshongwe.

Shoni, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go down out of
sight, as the sun or a man over a hill-
top = ukuti gqobe. Cp. ukuti goje;
shona; sobela; yeleza.

Shonisa, v. Make to go down, die, become
poor, etc. See shona.

Shoniyane, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go down sud-
denly out of sight. Cp. ukuti shoni.

isi-Shonkolo (s. k.), n. Disfavour or unpo-
pularity with the other sex ( with na ) ;
young man rejected by the girls or wife
unfavoured of the husband = isi-Shini-
kezi.

Shono, imperative mood sing, of verb sho.
Say, declare; int. expressing agreement
with what is asserted by another -
Didn't I say so? You have it! That's
it ! Just as I said.

i(li)-Shontshosi (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Gwele.

um-Shopi (Shophi), n. 5. Certain Zulu
custom, as below (with ukiv-enza) =
um-Takati.

N.B. When an epidemic of sickness oc-
curs in any locality, the girls of the whole
neighbourhood, by mutual arrangement, leave
their homes after nightfall and meet to-
gether at a certain appointed place on the
veldt. There they sleep in a nude slate.
having removed even what coverings they
l had. Towards daylight they gather um-
Xopo ( a species of long marsh-grass ), and
t tying the ends together, make therewith a
Hong skirt which reaches from the waist to

SHO

the ankles. Another cape is made to hang
round the chesl or Bhoulders, and still
another to sit upou the head, bo thai the
whole body is now hidden beneath the long
grass i N.I!. The very marked similarity oj
this custom with that of the Nkitnba boys,
preparing for circumcision, on the Lower
Congo, is worth noting Bee Johnston's
River Ct>i/</i>, p. 277, 278). In this way they
go about, in a body or in several parties,
among the kraals during the day. singing as
they go, and resting only in the lints of the
ix-alukaxi or old women. Towards evening
they congregate again at their old place of
rendezvous, and during the night lm> and
throw away their grass coverings in some
secluded spot, afterwards betaking themselves
to the river. Having there duly washed
their bodies, they till their mouths with
water and then squirt it out over the land,
saying, puma, 'mtakatiJ (go out, you mur-
derous villain! — referring of course to the
epidemic of disease). In the morning they
return to their homes.

Shopi shopi, ukuti (Shnji/ii shophi, uku-
thi), v. = shopiza.

Shopiza (Shophiza), v. Walk as one with
very small buttocks (mostly used of fe-
males and referring to the slight insig-
nificant wriggle, shopi shopi, of the
stunted buttocks as she goes).

Shoqa, v. Colled or gather together (in-
trans.) in a group or crowd, get drawn
together on one spot, as people or cattle
when something in wrong; get drawn
up, bent together, as a person from sev-
ere pain in the stomach = shuqungana.
See i-nTshoqo.

Shosha, v. Work or drag oneself along on
the ground, as a pig with the hind-legs
paralysed, a person moving about on
the buttocks, or a man walking with
cramped deformed legs; hence, walk or
go along the ground (generally), of
birds, even when having long legs; be
on the ground i. c be stunted or dwarf-
ed, as a very short person, or stunted
mealies.

P. impangele entle ng'ekala ishosha, the
good guinea-fowl is that which cries as it
goes along — as might he said to a man
whose family is being finished oil' by the
abatakaii, and who, iustead of remaining about
to mourn over others, should speedily vacate
the spot himself, if he would he wise, crying
or doing the mourning as he goes.

isi-Shosha, n. One with cramped, crippled,
deformed legs, so as to shuffle along
the ground or go in a stooping position.

um-Shoshapantsi (Shoshaphantsi), n. 5.
Anything that goes creeping along the

581 SHU

ground, Steals on insidiously without

being immediately realised, as a lot of
pumpkin plants running thickly beneath
growing mealies, or the um-Cwayo
dance, or an insidious di sea e gradually
working upon one, or an affair grad-
ually working on to Beriousm

i(li)-Shoshi (no plltr.), n. .Mealies of a deep
crimson colour a variety said to thrive
even where the is-ona weed is abundant
= u-Gadigadi.

um-Shosho, n. 5. (C.N.) um-Cwayo.

isi-Shoshoba, //. Extremity or end part ol
any long thin:', as of a bundle of grass,
a tree branch, a pillar, plank, etc.

isi-Shoshokazana (s. k.), u. Small shrub
having a yellow flower, growing by water,
and used for sore-eyes, headache, etc.

Shoshozela, v. Smart, as a sole; be im-
patiently eager, im petUOUS ; do with im
patient eagerness or impetuosity.

i(li)-Shoshozela, n. An impatiently ea
impetuous person, 'itching' to do.

i(li)-Sh6vushovu, v. i(li)-Shofushofu.

Shovuza, ?». — shoruza.

isi-Shozi, n. One of the i(li)-Wombe regi-
ment of Mpande.

Shu, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Dart or do
about, along, round, etc-., as a snake in
the grass, or as a boy dodging sharply
round some obstacle out ol' the way of
another, <>r a swallow darting her. and
there shuza, shulubeza.

Phr. katanga shu, he didn't make a move
(with the lips) i.e. he didn't say a word.

isi-Shu, n. Silent, reticent person, who
talks but little (cp. isi-Mungulu); (C.N.)
= u-Nqasha.

umu-Shu, n. 5. Pointed, piercing thing, as
the fang of a tooth ( um-Sufca), spike
of a Kaffir-hoe, etc. < see isirPiselo).

Shuba, v. Do Or finish off at a single
stroke, as a pot of beer (ace) or a buck
by a single effective blow i shwamba-
kaqa)] become thick or firm, as food
in the cooking ( jiya, shuqa)\ become
firmly set in growth, as a child already
of 13 or li yearsofage i qina, shuqa).

isi-Shiibuka (Shubhuka), ». isi-Bushwa-
nr.

isi-Shubushubu (Shttbhushubhu), n.
Bush/wane.

Shubuza or Shubuzela (Shubhuza), r.
bushuza; bushuzela.

um-Shubo, n. 5. A single effective stroke,
etc., that finishes off at once, as when
striking a blow, or drinking off a pot
of beer. ('p. um-Ngqaka.

SHU 582

Ex. wamgicaxa umshubo, ho stabbed him
with one finishing thrust.

i(li)-Shudu, >/. One of a certain section of
the u-Mbonambi regiment.

i(li) or isi-Shuduba, u. Big, fat, heavy-bo-
died person who 'shuffles' along.

Shudula, v. Shuffle about, as with the feet
or body; wear away, as the floor (ace.)
of a lint, or grass from a veldt-spot by
constant rubbing, shuffling, sitting on,
etc : shift about, be changeable, in one's
plans or views.

Ex. intombi ka'Bani isashudula endhlini,
So-and-so's daughter is still wearing the floor
out in her hut.

um-Shudulo, u. 5. Place within a hut, on
the veldt, etc., worn away by constant
shuttling, sitting, walking, etc.

Shuduza, v. Shuffle slowly along, as an
immensely fat, heavy-bodied person, or
one worn out with fatigue and unable
to raise his feet (= sixaza, sucula): get
along very slowly, as with a piece of
work.

i(li)-Shuduza, n. Such a shuffling along,
slow going person; a slow-coach.

Shuka (s.k.),v. Rub about, rub together
with pressure, as a piece of skin (ace.)
or stiff-fibres between the hands in or-
der to supple them, or as the grass
when shuffling about on it [Sw. sugua,
rub].

u-Shukela (s.k.),n. Sugar [Eng.].

Shukula (s.k.),v. (N) = shukuza.

Shukuma (s. k.), v. Toss about (C.N. fr. Xo.).

ShCiku shuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = shu-
kuza; shuka.

Shukuza (s.k.),v. Shake, or shake up with
the sound shuku, as a person the amasi
(ace.) in a gourd, or as the amasi itself;
toss about (intrans.), move restlessly
about, as a sleepless patient, or one
troubled with fleas, or a person who
held or bound down strongly seeks to
get loose.

Shulu, adv. = zwi.

Shulubeza, /'. Dart about, dodge sharply
about ukuti shu. See u-Mashulubezi.

i(li)-Shuiubezi, a. A dodging person, one
whose movements (appearing and dis-
appearing) cannot be fathomed.

Shuma, v. Slip in under, as a man 'slip-
ping' or creeping into a Native hut or
under a table (intrans.), or as a person
slipping some small article (ace.) beneath
a bat, chair, blanket, etc. (I runs. = shu-
meka) = ukuti shume.

Shumanqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti shi-
manga.

SHU

isi-Shumanqa, n. = isi-Shimanqa.

Shumayela, v. Talk i, e. use the voice dis-
coursingly, as a child already a file to
converse (not simply speak), a person
engaged in conversation, a master giving
advice to a workman, a counsel plead-
ing, or a minister preaching the Gospel ;
talk or discourse about, as any par-
ticular matter (ace.) [Sw. semea, talk
about].

Shumayeza, v. Talk discoursingly to, as
when addressing a company (ace), giv-
ing a person advice, preaching the Gos-
pel to the people (doub. ace).

Shume, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Slip in {intrans.),
get in, creep in, crawl in under anything,
as a person under a bush or into a hut
(= shuma; cp. sungubala; zukelekela);
slip in (trans.), make get in under, as
when slipping a thing (ace.) beneath
one's pillow or the table (= shuma, shu-
meka) — ukuti shute, ukuti shwati,
ukuti vimibe; cp. ukuti shide.

Shumeka (s. k.), v. Slip a thing (ace.) in
under something, as beneath the blan-
kets, a tuft of grass, etc. = shuma, ukuti
shume, shuteka, shwatika, vumbeka.

i(li)-Shumi, n. Ten — - as shown on the fin-
gers by clapping both hands together ;
'mashumishumi, tens and tens — used as
an adjective to express 'dozens, innum-
erable, etc' [Ar. jasltar, ten; Skr. da-
san; Chw. li-shumi; San. i-chumi; Heh.
Ndu. chumi; Ro. li-kume; Sw. and most
Bantu fangs, kumi; Ha. goma; Fanti.
i-du; Su. fu\.

Ex. ixinkomo take ti'mashumtshumi, his
cattle are in dozens, in immense numbers.

Shumpu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. p.), v. = shu-
mpuka; shumpula.

Shumpuka (s.p.; s.k.),v. Get broken, or
broken off in a soft tearing manner, as
the portion of a cork, rotting rope, or
the bones of any animal at the joints =
ukuti shumpu, shupuka.

Shumpuia (s.p.), v. Break, or break off a

thing (ace), as above = ukuti shumpu,

shupula.
Shumu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) = tsemcza.
Shumuza, />. (C.N.) = tsemeza.

i(li)-Shungu, //,. Snuff-box of the small ca-
labash kind (shell of fruit of the um-
Tongwane tree); now applied gen. to
any kind of snuff-box - i-nGoma.

i(li)-Shungu-las'emzini, n. = u-Ginqwayo.

um-Shungu, n. 5. The foremost, front, van,
as of a troop of cattle, file of men walk-
ing, etc. wn-Shushu.

SHU

583

SHWA

Ex. leas' ukuba umshungu yena, engenuicUa,
be mustn't he the leader, be not being the
eldest (the elder always having priority over
younger ones when marching in file).
isi-Shungushwane,//. Column of dust whirl-
ing (whirlwind fashion ) along a road, etc.

Shunqa, v. tunqa.

Shupu, ukuti (Shuphu, ukuthi), v. ukuti
shumpu.

isi-Shupu (Shuphu), n. Piece of anything
broken off as above see shumpukct]
very short, or 'bit of, a person ( m-

X(/(I1UU ).

Shupuka (Shuphuka), v. ■ shumpuka.
Shupula (Shuphula), v. = shumpula.

Shuqa, v. Become thick, of firm consis-

tency, as food in the cooking (used in

perf. =jiya)] become firmly set in

y growth, as a child of already 13 or 14

years of age (= qina) = shuba.

Ex. m»uti ivokushuqisa, a medicine for

making (inn (the stools) i.e. an astringent.

Phr. uku-shuqisa ixinkomo, to take cattle

to pasture for a time on old grass, the new

having a relaxing effect on the bowels.

ShCiqu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Wrap, wrap up
a thing (ace.) within some covering, as
astoreman wraps up an article in paper,
or as a person wraps himself up in a
blanket when sleeping or walking along;
wrap a person (ace.) up i.e. bend his
arms and limbs together or back, when
violently struggling to capture him, etc.
= shuqula.

Shuqula, v. = ukuti shuqu.

i(li) or isi-Shuqula, n. Old grass of last
year's burning now (in autumn and
winter) ready to be burnt off again. Cp.
um-Lalane.

isi-Shuqulu, n. Small sized bundle orwrap-
ped-up thing (sec shuqula) =isi-Jumba.

um-Shuqulu.y/. r>. Large sized bundle or
wrapped-up thing, as large as one can
possibly carry on the head.

Shuquluza, v. Drink off, or pour down the
throat at one draught, as beer, soup, or
semi-liquid food = ukuti shuquluzi, shu-
shuluza.

Shuquluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), n. - shuquluza,
ukuti shushuluzi.

Shuqungana, v. = shoqa .

u-Shushu, n. Hot spring (C.N. IV. Xo.).

ama-Shushu (no sing.),n. Interior 'burn-
iim' with eager overcoming desire or
strong passion, as a child to go any-
where or obtain anything (with nga),
or an angry man passionate to get at
another to light with him (stronger than
um-Nkamunkamu i.

Ex. US'i ha iiiii <hiisiin (iii/m/"). hi- i- IIOM

quite in a passion aftei it.
um-Shushu, n. .',. umShungu.
Shushuluza, /•. shuquluza.

Shushuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti

shuquluzi.

Shushumba (Shushumbha), v. Glide quick-
ly along, as a cloud, or a person walk-
ing with a strong wind behind him.

Shute, ukuti (Shut he, ukuthi), >'■ ukuti
shume.

Shuteka (Shutheka), >'. shumeka.

u-Shuwu, //. Nice kind of forest vegetable
(C.N.).

Shuza, /•. ukuti shu.

Shwa, ukuti (ukuthi), c. shwaza.

Shwabadela, /•. Devour, eat wildly and
ravenously, as a wild-beasl devouring
anything (ace.) shakaqela. Gp. minza.

Shwabalandi, ukuti (ukuthi), V. ukuti

shwambakaqa.

Shwabana (sometimes Shwabhana i. /■.
Shrink, pucker, as a garmenl in tin- sun
after washing; become crinkled or
crumpled, as a piece of paper; Bhrivel
up, as drying fruit, an old woman, or
a person with cold.

ama-Shwabanisela (mostly Shwabhani-
sela),n. Any crinkled, shrivelled up

thing, as an old dried-up person, or
one shrivelled with cold, or an isidwaba
all drawn in and puckered from badly
sized patches.

Shwala, ukuti (ukuthi) r. Clear off or
away entirely at one stroke or all to-
gether, as when removing a heap of
rubbish (ace.) at one taking ukuti
shoqa, shaqalazi. Cp. ukuti swaca.

Shwala, v. ukuti shwala.

isi or um-Shwala, u. o. Very thick isi-

Baqanga eaten dry the common f I

of all parties before a hum.

Shwalaza, v. ukuti shwala.

Shwama, v. eshwama.

Shwambakanya (Shwambhakanya), r.
ukuti shwambakaqa.

Shwambakaqa, ukuti (Shwdmbhakaqa, ><-
kuthi),V. Do oil at a stroke, as when

giving a buck (ace.) a single blow that
settles it. removing a heap of rubbish
entirely at a single taking, finishing of!
a p,,t of beer a! a single draught, or put-
ting a potato into the mouth whole with-
out biting or peeling it shwambaka-
nya; ukuti ii'iu.
Shwambakaqa (Shwambhakaqa), v.
kuti shwambakaqa.

SHWA

584

SHWI

Shwamuka (s.k.),v. = hwamuka.

Shwangalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
shaqalazi.

Shwapa (Shwapha), v. Be very emaciated,
with the bones thrusting prominently
out, merely skin and bone. Cp. onda.
[Her. rambuka, be emaciated].

isi-Shwapa (Shwapha), v. Very emaciated

person or animal, with the bones pro-
minently visible, as from famine or con-
sumption; person with 'no' buttocks,
less even than the i-nTsheshelezi.
Shwapu, ukuti (Shwaphu, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti shwapuluzi.

Shwapuluza (Shwaphuluza), v. = ukuti
shwapuluzi.

Shwapuluzi, ukuti (Shwdphuluzi, ukuthi), v.
Give a slight twisting pull at a thing
(ace), as at a person's nose or body
when pinching it, or at a piece of dough
when seeking to detach a small portion;
hence, have a 'pimh' at any work i.e.
have a turn at it or do it in a slight de-
gree, as when hoeing for a few minutes
in a field, speaking a few words, learn-
ing a little of a foreign language, etc.
= ukuti shwapu, shwapuluza.

Shwapuza (Shwaphuza), v. = ukuti shwa-
puluzi.

Shwaqa, v. = shaqa.

i(li)-Shwaqa, n. = i(li)-Shaqa.

Shwashwaza, v. Talk thickly and indistinct-
ly ( without sufficiently moving the jaws
and tongue), as a man when intoxicated,
benumbed with cold, or with some swel-
ling, sore, or impediment in the mouth;
also = shwaza.

Shwateka (Shwatheka), v. = shumeka.

Shwati, ukuti (Shwathi, ukuthi), v. Slip in
under, as a person slipping into a hut,
or slipping some article (ace.) beneath
a blanket i ukuti shume) ; slip in under
i.e. stick in the ground in a slanting
manner (not standing upright = zibuj,
as an assegai when thrown, or the per-
son (nom.) who throws it (ace.) = shwa-
tika, shwatiza; make a flapping when
walking, as the fat thighs, or stiff
trousers of a man do when he walks =
shwatizela; go wading through long
grass "i- undergrowth ( = dofoza)
shwatiza.

Shwatika (Shwathika), v. shumeka, uku-
ti shwati.

Shwatiza, and Shwatizela (Shwathiza), v.

ukuti slur <iti.

Shwatizeka (Shwathizeka), v. Get slipped
in under, get hidden away beneath.

Phr. bengishwatixeha ngnlwa endhliiii, 1
was hidden i.e. I hid myself away alone in
the hut — used by one who has been sleeping
or staying alone in a hut.

u-Shwawu, m. Certain broad-leafed veldt-
herb, whose roots are used as an astrin-
gent.

i(li)-Shwawu, n. Crinkling together, crinkle,
as in the skin of an aged person or any
crumpled thing; bent up or crumpled
up ear, as of some people; any crinkled
up thing, as a piece of paper. Cp. i-
m Vingqa; i(li)-Nyonti.

Shwawuza, v. Eat anything (ace.) very hot
- from the sound made by the mouth,
shwawu shwawu; speak in a quickly
changing, shifting manner, jumping
about from one subject to another; take
a snatch of food (ace), as between meals
or to ease hunger for the moment. See
i-nTshwawuzo.

Shwayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti tshwi.

Shwayiza, v. = ukuti shwayi.

Shwaza, ?>. = shweza, tshwaza.

Shwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = shweza.

umu-Shwe, n. 5. Stripe, line, as on a dress
or animal's back. See shweza.

Shwele, int. = shele.

um-Shwele or Shwelele, n. 5. Kind of owl

(? Asio Gapensis or Swamp Owl) (N).

Cp. isi-Kova.

KB. This owl is said to warn people of

the presence of an umtakati by crying we-e-e!

nango-ke! I say! there he is!

Shweleza, v. = sheleza.

Shwelezisana, v. Make it up, make friends,
ask mutually to 'never mind', as two
persons who have quarrelled.

u-Shwempe (s.p.),n. (C.N.) = u-Shebe.

Shweza, v. Make a gently Irustling noise,
rustle along, rustle about, as water softly
rippling along a brook, a swarm Of young
locusts moving in the grass, or a gentle
zephyr blowing; be 'rustling' i. e. swarm-
ing, numerous, as children in a kraal
or a litter of pigs; go along in a soft
gentle manner, glide along, skim along,
as a duck swimming, a morning mist
creeping along, or as the plough when
cutting uicely through the soil; draw
lines (sec umu-Shwe) upon a thing (ace),
mark it with lines,- work with lines, as
in sewing a grass sleeping-mat, or draw-
ing decorative stripes with paint on the
face = shwaza, tshweza.

ShwV, ukuti (ukuthi),v. (C.N.) = ukuti zwi;
ukuti SWi.

Shwiba, v. (C.N.) = zwiba.

SHWI

58b

SI

Shwila, v. Twist, curl, as the end <>1' a piece
Of COttOIl (ace.) between the Tinkers, a
leathern reim, or as the koodoo does
its horns or a cow the same after it has
attained a certain advanced age (cp. hr-
dtlla); twirl round, as one might when
swinging round a small article attached
to a String; reply to a person (ace.)
in a violent, rude, abusive manner.

Ex. wnganrra ushwiltle iximpondo uiwo,
i lie koodoo-buck is twisted as to its horns.
Shwileka (s.k.),v. Get or he twisted or

curled (used in perl'.).
ShwVli, or Shwdi shwi'li, ukuti (ukuthi), v.

Twist away, or twirl round shwila.
i(li)-Shwili, n. = i(li)-Tu)ane.
um-Shwili, n. 5. Certain veldt-plant bear-
ing edible peas ( : i-nTsololo) and also
roots, somewhat resembling the urn-
Nxwazibe (= u(lu)-Qonti); constant cir-
cling about or going round in turns, as
below.

Phr. ixintsiawa lidhla umsliwili, the
young-men are enjoying a spirited uku-giya
- running one alter the other in quick suc-
cession.
ama-Shwilishwili (no sing.), n. A winding
about or twisting round and round, as
of a river, or a koodoo's horns, or twist-
ed string; a twirling round, as of a stick
in the hand; a circling round and round,
taking in turns, etc., as in any work or
action.
SV ukuti (ukuthi), t>. Be very numerous,
as cattle or sheep (properly moving
about, though also when standing graz-
ing); be in great quantity, as crops -
the final i in this word is sometimes
scarcely audible, it being pronounced
merely as s'.
Si, pers. pron. We; it — in conjunction

with nouns of the 4th. cl. sing.
Si, negative particle, as below. See sa; s<>.
[akin to Sw. si, not, e.g. si ml it, it's
nobody].

Ex. asi 'manxi loku, this is not water.
akusiye, it is not he.
i(li)-Si (no plur.), n. Lump or lumps of

hard curds in amasi.
ama-Si (no sing.), n. Thickened curds of
milk, a chief article of diet with the Zu-
lus. Cp. i(li)-Kwababa [Mi. shir, milk;
Sw. ma-ziwa, milk ; Her. <>/<i-sr///<<, curds;
oma-ihi, milk; omasa, marrow; Ze. Ngu.
Kag. (Jo. men', milk; Ga. >ua/t<i, milk;
bu-somi, marrow; Di. so, milk; prob.
akin to senga q. v. J.
isi-Si,?/. Thick mass of smoke rising as
a cloud, pillar, or puff. Cp. umu-Si;
isi-Ntshongo.

umu-Si,//..;. Smoke i i-nTutu)\ Learn;
ray of dawn (seeuku-sa); certain poison
used by an umtakati lor causing polj

of the womb in women, ■>.. that their

children die; the disease itself ( m
Oqolo) [Her. omu-ise, Bmoke; Bo. mo-
si) Sw. moshi; Cong, mw-ishi; .MX I.
bu-si],

Ex. kuqale kupise musi, kiibe sekupuvia
ilanga, there first Btarl off the moruiug i
or dawn, then there comes ou( the sun.

umfaxi ka'Bani unomusi, bavtdln
si, So-and-so's wit'- has the umiisi (Tinea
they have poisoned her with umu i

N.B. When the polypoid growths are
enlarged as to obstruct parturition, the wo-
man is taken to the river, where the pol
are cut oil' with i-nTsikane grass. Profuse
bleeding follows, delivery is effected, and an
i(li)-Kambi completes the operation.

u(lu)-Si, n. A smell or scent, of any kind,
good or bad ( i(li)-Punga, is-Antu-
ngwana); tiny bit of a thing, as "t i
medicinal root one might be given, or
a tiny infant; chronic or persistent irri-
tation in the throat causing coughing,
perhaps from chronic laryngitis, etc.
(— u(lu)-Pepa ).

ubu-Si, n. Egg or honey-ball Found in
the nest, e.g. a small hole bored in a t :

of a certain kind of huinble-1 , and

eaten by the Natives; also u(lu)-Ju
(but now obsolete in this sense, Bave
in phrase below) [Reg. bu-ki, honey;
Ngw. i-busa, bee; Ga. miirbisi, honey;
Her. ou-tyi, honey; Xo. u-busi, honey).
Phr. izinyosi ;in:>l>i<*i. the bees have honey
— an insinuating remark referring to a per-

son who lias flown into a pas-don and i-

acting or speaking in a wild violeut maimer,
as do a swarm of bees ii attacked when

they have honey-comb in their ne-t.

ama-Si-aka'ncede (s. /../, //. Humour exud-
ing from the eyes at the .•oriiers or in
the morning; viscid exudation from the
u(lu)'Kovoti tree, used in the making
of headrings ( um-Bodiya i.

u(lu)-Siba, //. u(lu)-Papt (rarely used);
hence applied to the Night Heron {Nycti-
corax grisius), from its two unusually

long feathers.
u-Sibagwebe, //. isi-Qopamuti.
u-Sibani or Sibanibani. //. So-and

standing for an imaginary person's

name u-Bani.

Ex. ab'es'eti ngatshelwa uSibanibani,

angiktvenxe, and then he will Bay he was

told by So-and-so, who -aid lie should do it.
Sibekela (s.k.),v. Cover (generally ), cover

up, as a pot (acc.» with its lid, wares

y

SI

586

SI

with a blanket, or anything buried with
earth; shut or close, as a box; close the
eyes (with amehlo — metaphor. ) so as
not to see, !. e. pretend not to see, as the
improper action of another; cover or
hush up, keep quiet about, as any fault
(arc.) or affair; cover up i.e. become
overcovered with clouds (used in perf. ),
as the heavens (i-zulu) = zibekela. Cp.
mboza; embesa; gqiba [Skr. skad,
'•over; Gr. skepo, I cover; Sw. ziba,
cover up; Her. sira, cover up; Ga. sa-
niika, cover].

isi-Sibekelo (s.k.),n. Earthenware lid of
an it-kamba, etc.; hence, covering of any
kind of pot, lid of box, etc.

kwa'Sibedhlela (Sibhedhlela), n. An hos-
pital ; at the hospital [Eng.].

Sibukula (s.k.),v. Open up, raise up, as
the lid (ace.) of a thing, or a flat stone
to see what is beneath; uncover the
thin*: (aec.) so covered, as when turning
back the stone (ace.) covering a corn-
pit, removing the lid of a pot (aec.) or
the blanket from over goods; remove
the cover from one's mouth i. e. let out
or make known all manner of hitherto
secret affairs (aec), as a maliciously
minded person when angry = sibukula,
namulula, gibugula.

Sibukuii, ukuti (ukidhi; s.k.),v. — sibtiku-
ln, ukuti gibuguli.

STci, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sicila.

Sicila, v. Squeeze i. e. bring under strong
pressure, as a closing door might one's
finger (aec), or a wagon-wheel one's foot.
Cp. dfiza; cindezela.

um -Sicila, n. 5. = um-Sintsila.

u-Sifa or Sifa-silahlane, n. A friend till
death, as below.

Ex. u-Sifa-silahlane nami, (thou) my
friend till death.

u-Sifa-silahlcme naye, (he) — do —

o-Sifasilahlane nabo, (they) my friends,
etc.

o-Sifa-balahlane naye, (they) his or her
friends, etc.
u-Sigwazi-sabantonto (or sabahle, or sabati
yo), //. lie, the stabber of women, of the
nice ones (who cannot retaliate), of those
who cry yo! an isibonffo or nickname
(by many regarded as a disgrace) of a
man noted for slaughtering females and
children.
isi-Sihla, //. Stain or tainting mark of any
kind, as a stain on a garment, spot of
mud on the face, or ink-smear on a hook.
Cp. ninda.

u-Sihlala-ngabanyemakosini (makhosini),n.
One who finds place or favour with the

chief by acting as an informer or tale-
bearer about others. Cp. um-Sheshe-
ngwana.
u-Sihungu, n. Ace of spades, in playing-
cards (Mod.).

Sika (s. k.), v. Cut, as paper or meat (ace);
cut out, as a coat (ace.) or pattern from
cloth; divide off, as a piece of land
(aec.) from some other piece; hint at a
person (ace), make an insinuation about
him (= sikisela, pipiyela, gudhla);
nearly reach to, approach to — in com-
paring one thing with another (with ku
or loc. ) as to size, distance, colour, etc.
[Ze. Ngu. senga, cut; Sw. shinda, cut
out; Ga. sala, cut; Her. tenda, cut].

Ex. ixive lika'Mkungo lisike nganeno kwo-
mlllatuze, Mkungo's land cuts off some-
what from the Urahlatuze on this side i. c.
nearly reaches to it.

intshotsha ka'Bani isike ku'iiina, the fea-
tures or resemblance of So-and-so approaches
to his mother (not to that of his father).

Phr. iimpr.i ka'Bani us'eyasikwa, So-and-
so's wife has already the bearing-down pains
before parturition. See um-Siko.

uku-zi-sikela ngas'ebuhleni (or ngas'enoni-
ii i), to cut off for oueself (from the meat)
about the good part (or about the fat part)
z= to take the best for oneself; make one's
own case or action out as better than that
of others.

ubu-Sika (s. k.), n. Winter [Skr. hima,
winter; Ar. shita; Sw. Ya. ma-sika, wet
season; Ga togo, wet season].

Phr. ubusika obumpofu, brown winter i. e.
the depth of winter (when in the up-country
districts all the veldt is dried up brown ).

um-Sikaba (s.k.),n.o. One of a certain
small regiment formed by Mpancle next
after the izi-nGidube.

Sikaza (s. k.), v. Make a feint or appear-
ance as though about to strike a person
(ace.) = sikiza, gema. Cp. tikaza.

i(li)-Sikazi (s.k.),n. = i-nTsikazi.

um-Sikazi (s. k.), n. 5. = i-nTsikazi.

Sikela (s. k.), v. Cut off for.

Ex, oBani noBuni basikelene amasimu.
So-and-so and So-and-so have cut off fields
for one another, i.e. their fields are adjoining
or side by side ou the same piece of land.

i(li)-Sikela (s. k.), n. Sickle [Eng.].

um-Sikelo (s. k.), n. 5. Margin or dividing
strip, as of grass, a ditch, etc., between
two immediately adjoining fields. Cp.
um-Ncele.

Si'ki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.J, v. Budge, stir,
make a slight movement, as a person
moving slightly or making room for

SI 587

one to sit down ( ukuti sehle; cp. uk/u- \ i(li)-Siko (s.k.), n

SI

,

tl suk/i, ukuti sulu)\ make a feint of
striking a person (ace. sikaza, sikiza,
gema); be slightly elevated, making a
'mere 'feint' or tiny efforl at rising, as
a small pimple, or undulation [Sw. sogea,
budge].
Sikihla (s. k.), v . = ukuti sikihli.
Sikihli, ukuti (ukuthi ; s. k.),v. Wipe out or
finish off dean, as an army the enemy
(ace.) or cattle mealies in a field (== uku-
ti buqe, qotu, etc.); fill to the brim, as
water in a bucket (with leu or loc.) or
mealies in a pit; cut straight at the
edges, as a piece of cloth (ace.) or a
sleeping-mat = sikihla; get so finished
off, filled to the brim, or cut straight,
as above ; be tightly drawn in at the
middle and bulky at each end, as a
narrow-waisted female, wasp, or sack of
mealies tied closely round the middle
= sikihleka.
u-Sikihli (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Gamfu.
um-Sikinjane (s.k.),n.5. = um-Sinjane.
Sikinyeka (s.k.), v. Get to budge or stir,
as from any spot; get on a bit further,
as when travelling = ukuti siki siki.

Ex. kabonanga esikdnyeka nonyaka, he
hasn't stirred away (from home) this year.
Sikisela (s. k.), v. Make an insinuation or
hint about a person (ace.) = sika, pipi-
yela, gudhla.
Siki sVki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = sikinye-
ka.
u(lu)-STkisiki (s. k.), ». Restless, itching de-
sire, in a good or a bad sense; hence,
a natural inclination always to be pester-
ing, worrying, scolding others, as a
fault-finding, quarrelsome person ( —
u(lu)-Xabosi); fidgety passionate eager-
ness, as to do any work, fight with a
person, etc.; certain bush, whose roots
are used as a love-emetic.
um-Siki-webunda (plur. aba-Sikibebunda;
s.k.),n.l. Gossiper, one who mixes
with the crowd (cutting irbunda) and
then carries all the news, tales and
scandal about.

Ex. ngixwe ngabasikibebunda, I haveheard
it by the news-mongers, gossip-carriers.
Sikiza (s.k.), v. Make a feint or pretence
of striking at a person or thing (ace
== sikaza, gema; cp. gadhla); (or Siki-
zela) be or stand thick or close together,
be crowded or compressed, as a lot ol
people in a hut, mealies in a field, or
an isi-dwaba of a woman or an i-dhlaka
of a man when thickly collected or
bunched together around the waist; act
as one with u(lu)-SiMsiki.

Cut, :i- in:ei' i tree

by a blow from an axe Or in <nic'- I;
by a kniiv < um-Siko); (C.N. f r. Xo. )
custom, practice i um-Kuba ; cp. "
Sikoti ).

um-Siko (8.k.),n.6. Cut, as in a in r

on one's finger, as above ( i(li)-Siko)\
bearing-down pain, of a Bharp cutting
nature, at childbirth ( jeii. ill plur.
um-HelOy umu-Kwa; cp. itiTseko); com-
passion, pity, sympathetic heartedm
(^ Isi-lle).

u(lu)-Siko (s./r.),//. lake, border, brim

(generally), as of water in a river, preci-
pice, mat, or enp it(l u)-\'<l i. >'\>. ii(lit)-
Cilo [Sw. u-kingo, edge].

i(li)-Sikoti (Sikothi), n. Any common uni-
versal or national usage, habit or cus-
tom; the common, usual, customary

way or manner of doing anything in
any tribe or locality, as of slaughtering
an ox, preparing the food, making a hut,
etc. um-Kuba.

STla (Siila), v. = gay a.

Sila, v. Be or gel aided, helped, relieved,
as a famishing person by food (follow-
ed by agenl ), or a person by a pinch
of snuff the word is now nearly obso-
lete = sizwa, sizeka (the word siza hav-
ing originally been the abbreviated form
of silisa ).

Ex. ngasila y'ibo atshwala boko, I was
helped along, put straight (when quite done
up ' by your beei ,

isi-STIa (Siila), n. Tail of bird, fish, or
animals having merely a short stumpy
appendage, as a sheep or goal (cp. :<:-
Belli) [see um-Sila],

Phr. isisila senkonjane, a pattern or man-
ner of affixing squares of clay beads around
Native pottery.

isi-Sila, //. Disfavour, state of being dis-
liked or unfavourably regarded, as in a
person who is unpopular with the girls,
nol liked by his chief or companions;
bad luck, not good fortune, as in on
undertakings or chani nudity or

power nf causing such disfavour or bad

luck supposed t<> be possessed by ■
tain animals, birds, etc., as the i-mPui
is-Ambane, etc. i->iTs/,i</i. um-Mnya-
nni, um-Swazi; cp. i-nTlahla; sileka.

Ex. ang'axi /">i" nginesisila sani kutre,
I don't what it 18 about me that is disliked

by vmi.

' kataiulioa 'nunitn, unesisila kubamu bo-
nke, he is not liked by any. me; he i> in dis-
favour with everybody.

miis'ukuyidhla, iiiesisHa, don'l eat it I may
be some particular bird, piece "f meat, etc.);

V

SI

588

SI

ii will bring you in disfavour, make you
get disliked.
um-Sila, n. 5. Tail (generally), of any
animal -thai of rattle is more generally
called i(li)-Shoba, and the short stumpy
appendage of a buck or sheep, isi-8ila\
tli«' Eur-trimmed end of the stick of a
shield ; hence, sometimes applied to the
whole stick when so ornamented; some-
times (C.N.) used to express the 'chief's
authority', and in the form ngomsila is
equivalent to Eng. 'officially ', 'by order
of the court', etc. [Ro. mu-sila, tail;
MZT. mu-chila; Her. omu-tyira] Lu.
mic-kila; Ho. (la. m-kila; Sw. m-kia].

Ex. wabefava ngomsila abe mkosikazi, she

was officially appointed as the chief or great
wile i from the custom of such a one at the
wedding being provided with a special
i-hawu or shield to dance with — N ).

i(li)-Silaha, n. Slaughter-house [D. slag,

slaughter].
Silala, v. = silela.

S'ile ukuti (ukuthi),v. = ukuti nya; also
ukuti knee.

Sileka (s. k.), v. Make a calf (ace.) be in
disfavour with the cow (really, make
the calf dislike her and so cease suck-
ing) by smearing the cow's teats with
cowdung; hence, make a person (ace.)
become disfavoured or disliked, as by
his companions or the other sex, or un-
lucky, unprosperous, in his undertak-
ings or chances ( = swaza). Cp. isi-Sila.

Silekeka (s.k.),v. Get made unfavoured
or unlucky, as above = swazeka.

Silela, v. Come short of, as a hut in build-
ing coming short of grass (with agent),
or people coming short of supplies (-=
(■////); come short for, as the grass for
a hut (ace.) when building, or meat for
t crowd of people (ace.) feasting (= eye-
,. a ).

Kx. leli'eantsi liyakusilela (y'ilo) uwi, this
mat will run short of string ( for sewing with).

a :i luyakulisilela leWeantsi, the string will
run short for this mat.
Silikihli, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Press down
upon heavily, crush, as any heavy weight
passing over or coming down upon
anything (ace.), <,r a person loading an-
other (ace.) with a very heavy burden,
or (metaphor.) with an unusually big-
present.

Silileka (s.k.),v. = sisitekn.

u(lu)-Silili, n. Slowness in doing anything,
whether as indicating reluctance, dislike,
hesitation, dilatoriness, Or other cause.
bh,' .a i walikolwa 'liixilili for ka'lusilili),

he believed that statement with hesitation,
not readily.

unani lowo'mfana, edhla kaHusilili? what's
wrong with that hoy, eating (as he does)
so sluggishly?

Sililiza, v. Act in a slow manner, as above
— see u(lu)-Silili.

Simama, v. Stand firm, as a person re-
covering the use of his legs after sick-
ness, or when planting the legs firmly
preparatory to any action, or as a post
stuck in the ground; take root, become
fixed in the soil, as a transplanted seed-
ling, or as a clod of grass growing into
the soil again after having been hoed
up [Sw. simama, stand ; Her. zikama,
stand firmly].

um-Simama, n. 5. Grass, etc., which, after
having been weeded out, and left lying
on the spot, again takes root and grows.
Cp. um-Vuka.

i(li)-Simba (Simbha), n. Single clot of cow-
dung (while still moist, as passed by a
cow at one evacuation = i(li)-Sinde;
cp. i(li)-Longwe); ama-Simba, plur. of
preceding, excrements or ordure gener-
ally (in a collect, sense; no sing.), as
of a human-being (=i-nDhle), dog, fowl,
cattle (= ubu-Longwe), sheep, etc. Cp.
um-Gamu [Sw. ma-vi, excrements].

ama-Simba-enyanga (Simbha; no sing.), n.
' Lunal-excrements ' i.e. bone of cuttle-
fish, as found on the sea-shore, and
used medicinally by Natives for inflam-
mation of the eyes, etc.

imi-Simbana (Simbhana), n. dim. of ama-
Simba, as above — izi-nTsimbana.

um-Simbiti (Simbhithi), n. 5. Coast tree
(Milletia Caffra), having fine strong
wood, black towards the heart of the
tree, commonly used for making orna-
mental sticks.

um-Simboshana (Simbhoshana),n. 5. Cer-
tain white-wooded forest tree.

Si'mbu, ukuti (S'imbhu, ukuthi), v. = si-
mbula; simbuka.

Simbuka (Simbhuka), v. Get so pulled or
lifted up, as below.

Simbula (Simbhula), v. Pull up or out by
force or great effort, tear up, as the
wind a tree (ace), or a man a large
stone from out of the ground; lift or
raise up, any heavy thing = simbulula.
Cp. sijjula.

isi-Simbula (Simbhula), n. Small kind of
black bead or beads, now called isi-Ti-
mane.

Simbulula (Simbhulula), v. = simbula.

SI

589

SI

t

um-Sime, n. 5. \ walking with a staff

(only in use as below ) ( X).

I'hr. uku-uiela ngomsime, t<> cross (a lull-
river) by wading with a stiek (no longer by
boat or raft) indicating that the water has
subsided somewhat and now allows of walk-
ing through.
Simeka (s.k.),v. Stick or pierce thorough-
ly or deeply, as a nail (ace.) into a plank
or the plank (ace) with a nail (with
nga), an assegai in a buck or the buck
with an assegai, a stake into the ground
or the ground with a stake ( gxume-
ka, simelela); spit pieces <>l" meat (ace.)
Eor roasting on a stick or skewer (see
i-nTsimeko; hloma ).

isi-Simeko (s. k.), n. Wooden skewer for
roasting meat upon. See simeka.

Simelela,?'. Stand or walk by the aid of
a staff (cp. dondolozela, zimelela); also
= simeka.

u-Simuka-nandwendwe (s.k.),n. One who
goes oft* with the crowd i.e. one who
has an inclination always to be roving
about with others, who, because he sees
others doing or going, must himself fol-
low likewise, or who has no self-restraint
when enticed by others = u-Sizanatu-
ndindi.

Simula, v. Hurl, as an assegai now ob-
solete, though used by women for hlo-
tivpa purposes.

i(li)-Simula, n. Weapon (assegai, stick, etc.)
captured from the enemy in a fight.

Simuza, v. Tell, relate, as a story or ad-
venture (socially; not as evidence in a
court = landa) = zeka.

Ex. indaba ngiyayisimuxa, y'ini? do \ then
talk about the affair? = it beats all telling;
it altogether surpasses my comprehension.

wayisimwxelwa ubani? who was it who
related it (the affair) to you?

Simze, au.r. verb, expressing ''just, merely,
simply' = dimde.

Ex. ngasimxA ngati akahambe, I simply
told him to go.

SVna, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Show the teeth;
hence, grin (= sineka); turn up the lip,

Xas when showing disgust at anything
(== sineka) ; have large protruding teeth
(== sineka)] show the teeth, as a dog
when about to bite; growl or snarl,
as a woman sharply scolding I sinaza,
sineka); notch or make jagged, as the
edge of a hoe (ace.) by knocking it on
stones (= sinaza, sineka); be or gel so
notched or jagged (== sineka, sinazeka > ;
'stare' or stand erect, as the hairs oi a
fur when brushed up, or on the body

of a sick o\ ( sinazeka) ukuti geshe
or qeshelele.

Ex. washo, riiilml.i. eiuja h< *pok<

looking at him gravely.

kdtatiga Mini, In- was .-•■ri"ii-

Sina (Siina), v. Dance (cp. giya; gcag<
make fun of a person < with nga i |< la.
zina, dance; Bo. vina; MZT. nana],

Ex. usina ngami, you are makiug sport
of me.

I'hr. basina ngetatnbo lake, they are mak-
ing glee over, i.e. laughing at, \\\- bodily
affliction may be applied t" anybody
ridiculing another in distress, whether from
corporal deformity or material misfortune.

asina (amantombazana), awushiya ko\
(umgcageo), they i the girls I danced and left
it (their dancing) there behind them ».<
they danced admirably, they were in the
months of everybody even after they had
left,

sasina sashiya induku, we danced and left
our stick there i as might be Baid by men
i.r we danced properly, wore out our sticks
with our exertion-, or more probably) left
a reminder, <>r remembrance of <»ur fine
dancing, behind.
Sinaba or Sinabala, v. Stand out In an
unhealthy manner, as the hair on a Bick
Least ( used in perl'.); 1 ome of 8 pe-
culiar, puckered appearance, as the skin
of a Native when very cold. Cp. hobana.

Sinama, v. hlunama.

Ex. wapika, wasmama, he denied quite
indignantly or quite put out about it

Sinaza, /•. ukuti sin i.

Sinazeka (s.k.),v. ukuti sina.

STnda (Siinda), v. Be heavy, as a burden
(cp. nzima); weigh heavily upon, op-
press with weight, as a heavy load might
a person or wagon (ace.) carrying it;
(metaphor.) be overwhelmingly heavy
Eor, be too much for one (ace) to bear,
as an arbitrary ordinance; ■•-■ape.
emerge uninjured, cine out Bafe, as from
any danger (with ku or loc), as a rail-
way-accident, or serious illn< as I sila » ;
get well, recover, from .sickness < u
in perf.) |Sw. U-zitO, heaviness; Ca. bu-

zito].

Ex. umuxi usindioa i the kraal is

heavy with i i. e. is full of) childreui

aiou! wasinda yena, tcasind'efUe, oh! he
escaped, he did; he escaped aln ady dead

, . he had a very narrow escap

us'csindile tnanje, he is now already re-
covered ( from his sicknesc
Sinda, v. Smear the floor of a hut (loc.)
with cowdung.

SI

/

i(li)-STnda (Siinda), n. Brass or copper
(see u-Sokcle) armlet worn singly or in
numbers upon the upper-arm = i(li)-
Songo.

Sindaba, r. Wipe oneself after an evacua-
tion = pipa.

isi-Sindaba, n. = isi-Sindabiso.

Sindabisa, v. Help to wipe oneself, as the
isi-Sindabiso used to the Zulu king
(ace).

isi-Sindabiso,^. Royal anus-wiper — an
official whose duty it was to accompany
and assist the Zulu king when he went
to stool = isi-Nyisi, isi-Sindaba.

i(li)-Sindamvula, n. Small shrub {Indigo-
fern sp.), used by women to make them-
selves beloved of their husbands.

STndana (Siindana), v. Be very heavy,
weigh down very heavily, as a very
weighty load; go heavily weighed down,
as a wagon with its load, or (metaphor.)
very fat heavily-walking person.

SVndasinda, v. (C.N.) = shinashina.

um-Sindazo, n. 6. = um-Lindaziko.

S'i'nde, adv. = mhlawumbe.

i(li)-Sinde, n. Single clump or cluster of
long grass, mealies, dumbis, etc., grow-
ing closely packed together, as such as
could be dug out in one clod ( see isi-
Sinde); single clot of cowdung while
still moist (= i(li)-Simba).

Ex. umlungu watshala imiti, way'enxa
amasinde, the whiteman (or farmer) planted
trees, and made them in clusters — as when
planting flower-seeds at regular intervals,
ii' >t scattering broadcast.

Phr. izinwele :a/:e vinesinde, his hair has
a close-packed clump i.e. grows thickly, in
a compact mass.

i(li)-STnde (Siinde), n. A doing pressingly,
forcibly, arbitrarily, with obstinate per-
sistency (preceded by ukw-enza), as
when a person presses himself regard-
lessly in among others seated or stand-
ing together, or a chief arbitrarily de-
manding tribute from his people, or a
nurse strongly pressing a patient to eat
against his will, or a man obstinately
urging or forcing his opinion in opposi-
tion to the advice of others — sindelela,
* udezela.

Ex. udimde wenxe isvnde wje, indawo
ikona y'ini? you just come with a forcing
of yourself in, is there then any room?

isi-Sinde, n. Clump or compact mass of

grass or mealie-stalk roots dug up to-

ther in one intertangled lump (not

the clod "i earth or i(li)-Gade, which

mighl idmpany it).

590 SI

Sindela, Sindelela, Sindezela, v. Exercise
pressure upon (ace), as above (see
i(li)-Sinde rarely used in Zululand)
[Sw. shindilia, press ; Bo. sindilia].

Sindhleka (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = hlinzeka.

isi-Sindhleko (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = isi-Hli-
nzeko.

Sxndisa (Siindisa), v. Cause, or help a
person (ace.) to escape or come safely
out of any danger; hence, save, rescue,
redeem ; restore to health, cure.

um-Smdisi (Siindisi), n.l. Saviour, Re-
deemer (M).

i(li)-STndo (Siindo),n. Escape, rescue, safe
emergence from any threatening danger
= i-nTsindo.

Ex. isindo letn lewaku id; aba kuvele indu-
na. our getting safe away was through the
indnna appearing.

isi-STndo (Siindo), n. Weight; great effort,
influence (C.N.).

um-Sindo, n. 5. Noise; sound, as that
produced by different metals when
struck; uproar, row, as occasioned by
people quarrelling; loud empty talk,
bluster; noisy quarrelsome talk, as
habitual with some women; marriage-
festival (even without tumultuous be-
haviour, from the general hubbub oc-
casioned by the multitude assembled )
[Skr. svri, sound; Sw. ki-shindo, noise;
Her. omu-ngunda, o-mbinde, noise].

Ex. ideu-banga umsindo, to make a noise.

unomsindo lo'mfaxi, this is a noisy quar-
relsome woman.

baye emsindweni (or baye odwendweni),
they have gone to the wedding-dance.

Sine, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti sina.

Sineka (s. k„), v. = ukuti sina.

Singa, v. Look with concentration of the

eyes; hence, look searchingly, atten-
tively, at anything (ace.) as a distant
object, or for anything (ace.) as a snuff-
box lost in the grass; look searchingly
after, follow attentively with the eye, as
a swarm of bees (ace.) in flight, so as
to see where they alight; shave the hair
(ace. = puca, ncoshoba) [Her. tyinga,
search for J.

Ex. alec usingise ameltlo pantsi, just cast
your eyes along down below — as when
searching for a thing.

waVub'eawe loko, wasinga pantsi for ica-
singisa amehlo pantsi), when he heard that
he cast down his eyes (as from shame, or
that he might not see).

isi-Singa, n. Rope of fibre or grass, used
for tying up a goat, calf, etc., by the
leg; hence, anything which detains or

/

SI 591

holds one back, as work or beer-drink-
ing; a goal or sheep given a person as
reward for taking care <>1' others, to
replace his 'leg-ropes' so used up; also
(N.) = isi-Danga.

um-Sfnga (Siinga), n. 5. Feeling of endur-
ing fullness or satiety in the stomach,
as of a man who has previously par-
taken of a meal of solid, substantial food
which doesn't readily give place to
hunger, even after several hours of
sleep or work; the long satisfying
nature of such food; sense of fullness,
with pain, in the abdomen of a girl
at the menstrual period when some-

- what disordered (cp. isi-Lumo)\ the
strong, still current of water running
along the deep middle part of a flooded
river (not where the water becomes
broken up into rapids — see um-Gugu)\
(C.N.) cluster of bees flying (= urn-
Bonda).

Ex. loko'kudhla kunomsinga, that food
stays hunger for a long time.

umuntu adhle loko, avuke enomsinya, a
person may eat that (overnight) and rise
feeling the stomach still full.

u(lu)-Singa, n. Certain bundles of muscle,
as on the upper foreleg and back of an
ox, and which are dried and stripped
up into strong- fibres; such muscular
fibre when stripped up and used for
sewing, plaiting into strings, etc. (cp.
um-Sipa); certain spreading veldt-plant,
also growing as weed; imaginary in-
visible snake, said to have been raised to
life by an um-Takati (comp. um-Kovu)
and then sent about by him to work
mischief as he directs; certain ailment
of cattle which causes them to rush
blindly about, as though mad, often
making straight into a hut, though the
attack is merely transitory; hence, an
insuperable impulse to do anything, a
mania, as to be always roaming about
(fokuhamba), to be always talking (to-
huh a I ii in a), etc. [MZT. iii-xiiit/a, vein].

• ivalunyioa usinga (or irlyoka yosinga), he
was bitten by an usinga, as above.

inkosi yati akuyiwe 'kutatwa usinga cku-
tint, the chief gave orders that they should
go and fetch tendon (for sewing on new
headrings, etc.) from such-and-such a ]>lare,
/. e. that they should go and raid cattle there.

leyo'nkomo ivukwe usinga, that beast has
an attack of temporary madness, has run
amok.

leyo'ntombazana inosinga lokuhamba, that
girl has an insuperable inclination fur always
visiting about, is 'mad' on gang about.
u(lu)-Singa-lwesalukazi (s.k.), n. Weed grow-

Sl

ing in fields and bearing a lai gc 'pop-
ping' pod.

Singata (Singatha), v. Hold tighl within
the encircled arm-, bug, embrace,
might a child or dear friend (ace.)
gona.

Ex. sisingetwe ukufa lapa ekaya, \\<- are
held tighl by sickness here at home,

unable to get about or leave the pi.

Singe, verb. part. jinge.

Singila, /'. Char up or away wholly, as a
lot of rubbisb (ace.) or thin.- lying
about; 'gather up' all together im
criminately in an affair, mix them up
in it when they know nothing of it.
when one particular member of a hut
or a kraal does something wrong and
everybody else (ace) therein _eis blamed ;
go along with the head and eyes raised
upwards.

um-Singilili, n. 5. Hitch, hindrance, little
check or difficulty, as happens while
ploughing, prevents one from getting

away, or along with any work.

um-Smgizane, n. 5. Two kinds of tall grass
(Sporobolus indicus and Eragrostis cur-

ru/'ij growing along roadsides.

isi-Sini, n. Vacant space, hit by one of
the front teeth being lost, or by a piece
being chipped out from the brim of an
earthen pot; person who has lost a front

tooth, or earthen pot with BUCh a chip
in the side.

u(lu)-Sini, //. Derision or derisive laughter;
sneer, contemptuous look or showing of

the upper teeth n(l n )-Snl n.

Ex. wambuka usini, she looked at him
with contempt <>r Bneeringly. Cp. sina

bamhleka usini, they laughed at him deri-
sively, laughed him to scorn.

isi-Sinini, n. Certain veldt-herb wl
; us and leaves are chewed for tooth-
ache.

Sinisa, v. sinaza.

um-Sinjane, n. 5. Certain tree whose hard
wood is used For hut-posts and sti
= um-Sikinjane t< J.N.).

u-Sinoni, >i. Small kind of gourd having
a rough warted shell UrMatutuvana.

um-Sintsana (s.t.),n.5. Kafir boom Bhrub
(Erythrina linn

um-Sintsi, ,/. 5. Kafir-boom tree ( Erythri-
na Caffra), conspicuous by it.- red
flowers often on leafless branch'

u(lu)-S7ntsi (Siintsi), n. Small tuft of hair
hanging from between the horns of a
buck; hair of man when descending far

into tie -middle of tin- forehead.

/

SI

592

SI

um-Sintslla (s. t.), n.5. Groove in between
the top of the buttocks at the end of
the spine.

Sinya (or more freq.) Sinyela, v. Be finish-
ing or diminishing away, as a food-
supply in its last small quantities; be
dying, fading, waning away, as a sick
man approaching his end, or the moon
nearing the change word seldom used
now, save among women [Her. zenga,
vanish away].

u-Sinyaka (s.k.),n. Certain portion of the
intestine of cattle close to the i(li)-Twa-
>te or fourth stomach. Cp. i(li)-Tunibu;
um-Tshazo.

Sinyeka (s. lc), v. Fade, as mealies growing

feebly (C.N.).
Sinyela, v. — see sinya.

urn -Si pa (Si pita), n. 5. A string of muscle
(generally), such as found when biting
tough meat; a tendon or sinew i.e.
strong fibre connecting the muscles with
the bones. Cp. u(lu)-Singa [Sw. mshi-
pa, muscle; Her. omu-sepa; Bo. m-sipa].

u(lu)-Sipa (Sipha), n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Si-
nga.

um-Sipane (Siphane), n. 5. Small tree
( Cluytia sp. ).

Sipu, ukuti (S'iphu, ukuthi), v. = sipuka,',
sipula; sipuza.

Sipuka (Siphuka), v. Get pulled up, as

below.

Sipula (Siphula),v. Pull up by the roots,
as one might a weed (ace.) or small
shrub. Cp. simbula.

Phr. angifuni ufcusipula ixintselwa, I don't
want to pull up my gourd-plants (as though
I wire about to leave this place), i.e. I don't
want to do anything (by talking freely, etc.)
that will afterwards render continuation of
my position here impossible.

Si puna (Slphuna), v. = sipula.

Sipuza or Sipuzela (Siphuza), v. Move
about in a confused, disorderly, agitated
manner, as a mass of maggots, people
at a feast, or fleas when abundant about
the person at night = nyakaza, pitiza.

Sisa, v. Place live-stock (ace.) in the kraal
of another person (ace. and ela form)
that he take care of it for the owner;
make fine or cleared up, ms a weather-
doctor the heavens (i-zulu); zi-sisa,
thrust oneself upon a person (with ku
or loc.) or into an affair unwanted or
uninvited, as a person who intrudes
himself gratuitously as a friend upon
another or mixes himself familiarly in
the affairs of another.

Ex. iximbuxi lexi ngiyaleuxisisa, I shall
give these goats to soinehody else to take
charge of.

wangisisela for wasisa kimi) ixinkomaxi
ez-imbUi, he gave me the care of two cows.

Sisela, v. Give or hand to a person (ace.)
something (with nga) unsolicited, un-
wanted, and therefore unthanked for, as
when placing before him some food he
doesn't care about.

Ex. ungisisele ngcde'ngubo, kangiyitandi, he

placed with me, i. c. gave me, this blanket ;
I don't care about it.

Sisezela, v. (C.N,) = sisela.

Sisinga, v. Be burdened with something
very immense to get along with, as a man
driving before him a large herd of cattle
(ace. or with na), or carrying an unu-
sually large load on his head.

um-Sisingo, n. 5. Very large burden or
mass one has to get along with, as above.

Sisiteka (Sisitheka), v. Move along in a
slow, heavy, lumbering way, as a great
mass of cattle, troops, etc., passing along
a road, a heavily loaded wagon, or an
elephant when walking; grow up very
slowly, as a child.

Sisizela, v. = sasazela.

i(li)-Siso, n. Name given to a beast that

has been sisa'd.
u-Siswana-mangovolo, n. — u-Mpondongozi.

Sita (Sitka), v. Screen or hide from view,
as a cloud does the sun (ace); intercept
the view of, as a standing person pre-
vents the one (ace.) behind from seeing
the show ; hide from the light, shade, as
a tree does a plant (ace.) growing be-
hind it, or as a person standing between
the candle and a reader (ace.) prevents
him from seeing [Sw. setiri, screen; Her.
sisika, hide; setika = Z. vimba; Bo.
sita = Z. vimba],

Ex. suka, tiyamsita umfundisi, get away,
you are keeping the light from the teacher,
you are in the teacher's light.

uku-sitwa kwelanga for kwenyanga), the
being hidden, i.e. eclipse, of the sun (or
moon j.

i(li)-Sita (Sitlia), n. White sparkling stone
used as charm by young men to make
an opponent 'dark' i. e. unseen or
unadmired by the girls, and also by Na-
tive doctors (C.N.).

Sitakala (Sithakala), v. Be in a hidden,
sereened state (used in perf.). Cp. sitela.

Site, ukuti (S'ithe, ukuthi), v. Get moment-
arily sereened from view or light; so
screen for a moment. Cp. sita.

SI

593

SI

Porpoise i(li)-

with

Cp. .sp-

oilt

u -Site be (Sithebhe), n

Hlengetwa.
Siteka (Sitheka), r. sitela.
Sitela (Sithela), v. Be screened, intercepted,
or hidden from view, as an object be-
hind a hut or hill (used in pel
ngalapaya kwa, etc.) siteka;
takala.
Phr. sewasitela, he has already gone

sight, i.e. is already dead.
ama-Sitesite (Stthesithe — no sing.,), n. Sec-
ret tricks or carryings-on, concealed
practices (usually bad), as by boys when
alone in an empty hui or in the bush;
talk purposely rendered obscure, secret
talk.
Siteza (Sitheza), v. Hide or conceal oul of
sight, screen from view purposely, as
one might beer (ace.) when a stranger
arrives, or words (ace.) spoken in such
a way that a third party may not un-
derstand; hide one's eyes (with ame-
hlo), turn away the eyes, so that one
may not see something undesirable or
objectionable (= sibekela, singisa pa-
ntsi ).
Sitibala (Sithibala), v. Be clouded over,
as the sky (i-zulu), or the sun when
screened from view (used in perf.) =
guqubala.

Ex. lisitibele namhlanje, it (the. sky) is
cloudy to-day i. e. covered with a grey
screen of clouds.
Sitibalisa (Sithibalisa), v. Becloud or cov-
er from view, as clouds the sky (ace.)
or sun = sitibeza.
Sitibeza (Sithibeza), v. = zitilxilixo.
SYxa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sixaza.
Sixaza, v. = shuduza.
u-Siyakanye (s. k.), n. = um-Takati.
Siza, v. Help, assist, as a person (ace.) in
need; oblige, do one (ace.) a friendly
service == peleka.

Ex. siza, 'mngane! for siza elcaleni), ob-
lige me, friend! i.e. with a pinch of SUllff.
i(li)-Siza, n. Bluish coloured sandstone

(C.N.). See i(li)-Coba.
Sizakala (s.Ic), v. Get helped: be in the
state of having been helped (used m
perf.); take advantage of anything (with
nij(i), turn it to one's own use, profit,
etc] (cp. enceka).

Ex. ha! iisixakele! just look! he is having
it out of as! as an old woman might say
of a child who is laughing at her inability
to do something.

basixakale ngati nje, bebona sing'azi I'd"
they just turn us to their profit,

take ad-

vantage of us, -•■■•in- that «v understand

nothing,

Siza 'mbulala (s.b.J.v. Do a person (a
harm intentionally or not while think-
in.!, or pretending, to help him, in any
sense. See i-nTsizambulala.

Ex. "tt'/isi.i 'mbulala »r . she ha- helped
me with a vengeance -as might he laid ol
one who has been helping anothei bj ha

his field for him and ha- hoed down hall

his emps along with the weeds.

bangisixa 'mbulala, they helped me kil-
lingly— as might he -aid by a person of the
people in a kraal who thought to help him
with food or attendance, hut who really have
caused him some harm, may-be by giving
him food or medicine that was injurious.

u-Siza-namndindi, n. = UrSimukanandwe-
ndwe.

Size, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti buqe.

isi-Size, n. — isi-Buqe.

SVzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sieila.

um-STzi (Siizi), n. 5. Black ash on the veldt
left after grass-burning ( irtiJsizi, mhn-
Sizi); black from smoke or soot round
the outside of a cooking pot, such as
blackens the clothes when touched <
i-nTshede); one of the first UrFalaea re-
giment; any medicine,, etc., when burnt
and ground ufrlnToa black powder, as
is common in Native practice; generic
name for certain sexual diseases Bupp
edlv brought about by the use of
charms, as below; medicine used to pro-
duce such diseases; gunpowder [Sw. ma-
sizi, soot; Bo. u-zize, blackness; MXT.
mu-sili, black powder; Ga. ki-riliwa,
charcoal; Her. o-mbize, Boot).

N.B. 1. A man who suspects hi- wife ol
infidelity, partakes of a certain um-Sizi 50!
from a doctor, which, upon intercourse with
his wife, leaves in her a mysterious power

of conveying disease to the adulterer upon

subsequent connection with her. Such me-
dicine and such disease is called um-S
This was the original Zulu term; hut in
recent times the names i(til-&
Jovela. etc., have been introduced.

•. At the time of the annual um-h
i,[ v.i the Zulu king went through the pro-
cess ot purification or fortification .ailed
uku-qunga (q. v.). While being thus treated,
he remained alone in a particular hut. used
for this purpose every year, and called
euas'emsizini. At night time he was atten-
ded therein by a -elected wifi irl from
the isi-godhlo, ami with whom, it -> willed,
1„. had intercourse. A child horn of such
connection was called owa int.
um-Sizi, ,i. 1. Helper.

'^Syi z -£C*->y^> .[•*£)

SI

594

SO

u(lu)-STzi (Siizi), n. Black ash left on the
veldt by burnt grass = i-nTsini, urn-
Sizi.

u(lu)-Sizi, n. Extreme pain , of mind —
hence, misery, grief, wretchedness, sor-
row, affliction of heart, trouble, etc.
[A vest, azo, distress; Ar. aziyd, pain;
Sw. uzito, sorrow; Her uruhoze].

Ex. ngi'lusixi for nginosixd), I am
deeply troubled of heart, filled with grief
.a- misery.

Phr. hint' Zulu abantu babefela usixi, in

Zolaland the people were dying for

merely t<> cause i affliction, i.e. were being

put to death for no reason or necessity

whatsoever, for nothing.

Sizila, v. Finish clean off, make a clean
sweep of, as an impi the enemy (ace),
or cattle mealies in a field (= buqa,
qotula); press forcibly with a slipping
rub, or rub strongly with a slipping
pressure, as a dragged coach-wheel or
sledge might anything (ace.) over which
it passes, when' ironing clothes, or a
woman when rubbing tat into her isi-
dwaba (ace.) by long pressing smears,
not in a polishing manner = ukuti sizi.

Ex. izingubo ^onie qede, ub'us'uzdsixila
ngentsimbi, when the clothes are dry, press
them with the iron.

um-Sizila, a. 5. Any slippery stone, clayey
descent, etc., that causes the foot to rub
along.

um-Sizilo, a. 5. Mark left by a heavy
pressing rub, as that left by a sledge
on the road; also = um-Lalane.

Siziyela, v. — ziba.

So, int. = co.

So, negative particle. See sa.

Ex. akuso yena (ihashi, ete.), it is not
he (a horse, etc. i.

So, pronominal part. It— used with nouns
sing, of the fourth class.

Ex. kuy'iso, it is it, or, the one.

i(li)-So (plur. ame-HIo, very seldom ame-
So;, n. Eye, i. e. aperture of sight in
the eye-bail (not properly, though some-
times applied to this latter — see i-nTu-
ndu) of any creature, or figuratively;
eve, as of a* potato; notch, as cut in a
post for guiding a rope; membrane of the
drum of the ear ( i-So lendhlebe) ; os in-
ternum uteri, of females; sight of a gun
[Skr. aksi, eye; O.B. oko, eye; Gr. ops,
eve; Lat, os, nioutli ; oculus, eye; Khu.
Ya. Gu. lirso (me-so), eye; San. Ko. li-ho
(me-ho); Li. si-so (me-so); Ra. Bo. ti-so
(me-so); Ngu. Ze. Go. zi-so (me-so); Kag.
igi-80 (ma-so); Ga. ti-so (ma-so); Bu. le-

so (me-so); Sw. ji-cho (ma-cho); Sha. zi-
sho (me-sho); Ru. ji-so (me-so); Nywe.
i-so (wa-so); Reg. li-so (mi-so); Sumb.
Gal. Suk. li-nso (mi-nso); Her. e-ho
(ome-ho); Gi. li-ho (mi-ho); Zi. Heh. zi-
ho (me-ho); Gan. izi-ho (me-ho); Ndu.
izi-ho (me-so) ; Kwe. izi-ho (me-so) ; U.
ili-nso (ami-nso) ; Be. ali-nso (am.e-nso) ;
Kamb. i-tho (me-ntho) ; Hinz. dzirtso
(ma-tso); Mo. idi-tu (me-tu); Kus. to-zu
(a-shu); Cam. di-so; Ha. ido; Sak. maso,
eye or eyes; Bui. fol, eye; Esk. ise\.

Phr. amehlo amhlope.' our eyes are white!
— a greeting expressed to a person upon
his safe return from battle or any other
dangerous undertaking (in which cases the
usual sakubona is never used ).

iso elilodwa lika'yise for lika'niiia), the
only eye (or opening of the womb), i. p. child
I male or female), of his father (or mother i.

'so la'mxopo! — see um-Xopo.

uku-xonda ngeso, to look hatefully at,
scowl at.

P. iso liwela umfula ugewele, the eye
crosses a river when full = the desire
often reaches to things impossible of attain-
ment.
umu-So, n. 5. Morrow; mostly as adv.
ngomuso, to-morrow. Cp. namhla; izolo
[Sw. kesho, to-morrow].

Ex. wox'/tepfe kimi ngomuso, you will come
to request something of me to-morrow i. e.
some other day (when I shall pay you out).

ubu-So, n. Face; countenance; front part
of anything looking in any particular
direction, as of a house, etc. (only used
figuratively); surface or that part which
looks at one, as of the earth or a sheet
of water [Cam. bo-so, face; MZT. bu-sio;
Sw. Ze. Ngu. u-so; Ga. ma-so; Bo. zi-
so; Ba. mussumo; Go. u-su; San. ame-
ho; Ibo. i-hu; -akin to sa (dawn), i(li)-
So (eye)].

Ex. ebusweni banii, in my presence, be-
fore me.

Sobe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sobela.

Sobela, v. Go, or be gone, out of sight,
as into a hut, round a corner, or over
a hill. Cp. ukuti shoni.

Ex. umsebemtri sowiisobele, the work is now
out of the way i. e. finished.

S6bo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = soboza.

um-Sobo, n. 5. Nightshade (Solanum nig-
rum), bearing a small black edible berry
and leaves eaten as imifino and also
rubbed into new pottery or floors to
dye them black — a paste of the green
berries is used in the Cape Colony for
ringworm; large sized black bead (no
plur.).

so

isi-Sobolonjwana, n. Small child, of either
sex, of about four years of age (C.N.).

Sobosela, v. — sobozela.

Soboza or Sobozela,/-. Fall or hang loose-
ly about in a limp, flaccid manner, as
a dead snake, long strip of meat, 01' a wet
hide; be limp, flaccid, as such thing; do

oil' in a li

'limp' way, as a person

Long
of

eating down, without biting oil', a
string of roasted meat, or a stick
imfe; pitch into one (ace.) vigorously
with the tongue, as a woman scolding
= tsobozcla, tshobotshela, swanyaza.

Ex. wat'esati iUca, wamudhla, wamsobozela,
lie had no sooner opened his mouth, than
she ate him up in one lorn; eating, i.e. didn't
leave him till she had scolded him thoroughly.

Sobozeka (s.k.),v. Get hanging or falling
about, as above; hence, be limp, flaccid,
as a monkey's tail, new-born calf, etc.
-— swanyazeka.

u-Soda, //. Epsom-salts (N. fr. Eng. soda).

Sofo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti zavu.

Sofoza, v. ukuti zavu.

u-Sogerre, n. Maze, labyrinth, as drawn
by Natives with spittle on the hut-floor
when smoking hemp; applied to any
arrangement of fencing, etc., designed to
block up apparent passages or entrances
into a kraal, or to a river which by its
complicated windings seems to obstruct
one in all sides.

Ex. w'apuka 'sogerre! for w'apuka enqu-
tskini, w'apuka engunjini, w'apuka wakehle-
teka).' he got caught in a maze, got brought
to a dead-lock ! — as might be said of a man
who, thinking to enter a kraal by a certain
eutrance, suddenly finds himself confronted
with a barrier, and so on repeatedly, until
he is compelled to go round by the lower
gateway — and so used generally in a figur-
ative sense.
Sohla, v. --- hlosa.

Sohle, ukuti (ukuthi), r. ukuti hlose.
i(li)-Sohh, it. i(li)-Hlosi.
Sohlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti hlosu.
Sohluluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti hlo-

suluzi.
Soka (s.k.),v. Cut, or have cut, the lore-
skin, i.e. follow the custom of circum-
cision, as the Zulus used to and the
Xosas still do [Her. sukara, be circum-
At. oko, penis].
Ex, abakwa'Zulu kabaaasoki, the Zulus no
longer practise circumcision.

N.B. A Zulu custom still iu vogue among
boys of nine or ten years <>t' age is nhii-
nquma umtambo, to cut the vein i.e. the

595 SO

string <>r frcenum on the underparl oi the
lore-kin together with the -mall vein therein
contained, and bo allow the glana to project.

See ist- I V .,,.

i(li)-Soka (8,k.),n. Any unmarried man.

Of whatever age, a bachelor; the 'young-

nian' or Bweetheari of a particular girl
(cp, isi-Gxebe ); young-man who i- :i
'sweetheart* or general favourite among
the girls [Nyam. soga, line, nice].

P. aku'soka Hngena'siei, there'- no young-
man who hasn't something i Canity i no-
body 18 | hi feel.

isi-Soka (s.k.),n. Unmarried dependenl
or menial, working in the kraal of a
chief or headman.

u-Soka-lakwa'ZulufsJr.^w. Washing-soda
N.B. This harmless chemical, mixed in
butter, alone- with the heart of a cock-dove
and also of a Mabengwam owl, becomes
formidable i-habiya or medicine for driving
a girl into hysterics!

i(li)-Sokanqangi (s.k.),n. Eldest Bon, and
daughter, of a man (whether heir <»r
not); also applied to the first taken wife
among a number (whether chief wife or
not) i(li)-Jubanqangi; u-Mandulo.

u-Sokele (Sokhele), n. Copper, used for-
merly in the making of ama-Songo, etc.
[Sw. masoka, ui<i-stiu>/<>, copper-wire;
Ga. chi-komo, copper].

Sokoca (s. k.), r. takata.

um-Sokoco (s.k.),n.l. um-Takati.

Sokohla (s.k.),v. Pul a finger or border
on the lower part of an isi-Gegt (ace.)
or at the two ends of a bead waist-band:
dress the hair, when short, by patting
or rubbing it into little ringlets or tuftfl
(N. gqiba >; also sopa.

um-Sokohlo (s.k.).n.5. (N)
bane.

Sokola (s.k.),v. Grow thin, lose flesh, as
from much work or exhaustion; also (N).
= ntela.

i(li)-Sokosoko or Sokosokwana (a. !..). »■
Mealies, amabele, and new -.,•;, ss, when
already a few indies high and growing
finely in a softly waving ma--.

um-Sokosoko (s. /,-.), u. .',. Bush, growing
in damp spots, ami used medicinally for
pain in the stomach and the i(li)-Kambi.

Sokozela (s. k.), v. Me of a fine thriving
growth, come up flourishingly,
Ties, Kafir-corn or new era--
few inches high, just sufficient
slightly in the wind.

u-Sokuni (Sokhuni), n. Certain
mal (N.).

S8

u-Magqi-

as mea-

when a
to wave

sea-ani-

so

Sola, v. Grumble, complain, find fault with
or about anything (ace), as food, a
wrong-doer, any action, etc.; find fault
with inwardly, be dissatisfied with, be
doubtful or suspicious about, as any
peculiarity in an object of purchase;
chatter or cackle away at in an agitated
manner, as fowls when they see a hawk
(ace.) or birds a snake; '(C.N. fr. Xo.)
bite, as a snake a person (ace. = luma).

Ex. uku-xi-sola, to blame oneself i.e. re-
gret, be sorry about (with nga). Cp. \i-
Ncinxa.

us'exisola manje, he is sorry for it now.

ngisola wena ngcUeyo'ndaba, I blame you
for that affair.

ngisola nantu unyawo Iwayo (inkomo), I
am dissatisfied, not fully pleased with this
foot of its (the beast being bargained Cor).

Soleka (s.k.), v. Get complained or grum-
bled about; be unsatisfactory, give cause
to find fault.

i(li)-Sodemamba (lemambha), n. Small
slnul), bearing a raceme of pink flow-
ers; also a certain tree.

i(li)-So-lenkosikazi (s.k.),n. Small shrub,
having black edible berries.

i(li)-Solo, n. A grumbling or complaining,
(— i-nTsolo); (C.N.) spot outside a kraal,
where medicinal charms are burnt dur-
ing a thunderstorm to ward off the
lightning (= i(li)-Ziko lezulu).

um-Solo, n. 5. Watery eruption (perhaps
from lichen) of the body, said to be
caused by the water of some rivers (N.
fr.Xo.).

u(lu)-Solo, //. Flat-crown tree (Albizzia
fastigiata = um-Bangazi); secret warn-
ing or intimation, as might be priv-
ately sent to a person by a friend to put
him on his guard, or by one member
of a conspiracy to another as to their
course of action (cp. u(lu)-Mbimbi; isi-
Gungu; u(lu)-Zungu) ; also == i-nTsolo.

Ex. wangihlabela usolo, he sent me a sec-
ret warning.

bahlangene ngosolo ngayo, they are united
in u Becret understanding or complot against
him.

bahlabeleiie usolo ngaye, they have sent
round to one another secret messages (of
.conspiracy, complol i concerning liim.

u-Sololo, n. Variety of hard-shelled gourd
or pumpkin, of which there are three
or four kinds i-niFolozi.

u(lu)-Sololo, u. Thing oi a tough, bend-
able but not breakable nature, as a
sti«-k ; thing of a leathery, supple nature,
as a damp shirt, or as a person who
lias been sick and thin, when regaining

596 SO

his former suppleness of body = v(l h)-
Zica, u(lu)-Zwenda.

i(li)-Solosha, n. (N) = i-nTselo.

Soma, v. Have lewd sexual intercourse
with one of the other sex ( with na ) sec-
retly and by common agreement, as
between lovers (= hlobonga); entice,
lure, as one might a boy (ace.) to leave
one employer and come and work for
another, or a child of some other Native
to come to school (= hlobonga); joke,
jest (= ntela); (C.N.) court, woo, in a
good sense; act greedily or jealously
towards another (ace), as one child when
it scolds another (ace.) for coming to it
when eating, being greedily desirous of
eating alone.

u(lu)-Sombosi (Sombhosi), n. Tall man
with a swaggering gait.

u-Sombombose ( Sombombhose), n. Variety
of small-leaved sweet-potato much liked.
Cp. u(lu)-Tshuza.

Sombota (Sonibhotha), v. (N) = somboza.

Somboza (Sombhoza), v. Speak insulting-
ly, abusively of or to a person (ace. -
rarely used). Cp. shidela.

Sombuiuka (Sombhuluka), v. Get loosened
out in any way from being bound up;
'hence, get unwound, as cotton from a
reel, or a coiled snake; get unrolled, as
a carpet, or sleeping-mat; get unfolded,
as a blanket; get undone or opened out,
as a bundle; get untied, as a knot or
binding (= tukuluka) ; get unravelled,
as entangled string; get loosened out,
as a person's legs or hands previously
stiff from rheumatism or cold; get let
go out or released, L e. go out abroad
from any previous confinement, as men
turning out to work after a church-ser-
vice, or cattle going out from the kraal
to pasture = nyombuluka.

um-Sombuluko (Sombhuluko), n. 5. Week-
day i. e. a day in which people are going
about freely and unconfined at work,
and as such applied to any day of the
week except Saturday (um-Gqibelo or
the eovering-in day); more particular-
ly applied to the first week-day i. e.
Monday.

Ex. wongibeka ngomsombuluko ivesitatu,
you shall expect me on the third week-day

i, e. Wednesday.

Sombulula (Sombhulula), v. Loosen out,
unwind, unrol, unfold, untie, unravel a
thing (ace.), as above (see so/nbuluka);
tell away or relate a long story (ace);
let forth the rain (ace), as the heavens
(i-zulu) after having kept it long pent
up nyombulula [Skr. lit, loosen (cp.

so

597

SO

ling

(Amy-

tukulula, sibukula, etc.); r.at. solvo, I
loosen; Ga. somulula, untie; Lu. salvr

it una].

u-Sombungana (8ombhungana),n. Variety
of sweet-potato, bearing a stringy tuber
not liked = ii-Ngqukiunbanu. Cp. n(lu)-
Tshuza.

u-Somdengase, n. Variety of small-leafed
sweet-potato, much liked. Cp. u(lu)-
T&huza.

u-Somheshe, n. = u-Rrebe.
i(li)-Somi, n. Red-winged star

driis morio ).
i(li)-Somololo, n. = /(li)-Geze.

Sona, ruiphat. pron. It, that one used
with nouns of the fourth class.

Ex. angisho sona, I don't moan it, or that

one.

Sondela, v. Approach, come near, come
up to (with loc. or ku). Cp. nengela;
sika [Bo. sogela; Sw. jongea],

Ex. sondela lapa etafuleni, come up here
to the table.

u-Sondelangange, n. Very thorny bush-
climber resembling the Mauritius Thorn

(to which the name is sometimes ap-
plied). Cp. imi-Bambangive; i(li)-Qwa-
>/ iiig i ; it(lu)-Tat<t we.

Sondeza or Sondezela, v. Cause a thing
(ace.) to approach, bring near or up to
(with loc. or ku).

um-Sondezeli, n. 1. One who draws near,
only in proverb below.

P. idhla (ox ikaba) abasondexeli, it (may-
be an i-nDliluni, i-nKomo, i-nKosi, etc.)
eats (or kicks) those who come near = you
can't expect to have the meat without the
kicks; if you want the king's favour you
must expect also his rebuffs; if you don't
want the kicks, keep away.

i(li)-Sondo, n. Hoofed-foot of any animal,
as cow, buck, pig, etc.; footprint loft
by same (cp. isi-Dhladhla); foot, or
short-leg, of Native meat-trays, wooden
vessels, etc.; hence, leg, of a cooking-
pot, stool, or table; wheel (i. e. leg) of
a wagon; hence, any wheel; mark left
by a wheel on the road; string of an
i-mBeleko, Eor tying it in the front;
plur. arna-Sondo, a lion us or present,
generally of a basket of grain, made by
a person buying or to a person selling
an ox after the purchase is complete, to

^j)ay for the 'hoofs' i. e. the bringing or
driving of the beast

um-Sondo (Soondo), ». 5. Nicely-formed,
medium sized lower leg or calf. Cp.
um-Gondo.

Fold, Fold U|\ as a blanket (a

•"il up, as a

Songa, /•. i' old

roll up, as a Bleeping-mal

rope; wind up, as cotton upon ;, reel ;

wrap up, told in, as wares in a cloth
(with nga ); 'shut up' a person, as with
an unanswerable argument bo that he
can say no more; begin to form the
lotus iii the womb, as a cow (cp. ku-
puka)\ show the hrsl signs, by a twist-
ing of the sheath-leaves, of putting on
the ear, as Kafir-COrn, or the |]o
tuft, as mealies |S\v. songa twii
nnga, fold ; Her. zenga, wind].

Ex. inkotnazi ibHsHsonga, the cow was
already starting a foetus.

Phr. ukusonga inkata, to tell a long con-
coction of false tales or fabrications, 88 when
Bpinning a yarn ukupota itttambo.

Songahle, adv. = sengahle.
Songaloku (Songalokku), <i<lr. sengati.
Songatiti (Song athithi), adv. (C.N.)
ngathi.

Songela, v. Hind up a person (ace) as to
his bowels, by administering an astrin-
gent medicine (cp. shaqisa; shuqisa)\
reprove with a threat, threaten a person
(ace), declare one's intention of doing
him evil (see u(lu)-Songo).

Songeleka (s.k.),v. (Jet constipated, be

costive ( used in pert).

Songelezela, v. (C.X.) zongolezela.
um-Songelo, n. 5. Medicine for binding

the bowels, an astringent.
u(lu)-Songelo, n. = u(lu)-Songo.

um-Songi, n. 5. Certain large tree i

medicinally for stiff-neck-.

i(li)-Songo, //. Brass or copper ring worn
in former times on the upper-arm i
i(li)-Sinda) ; hence, brass bracelet (not
wire = uburSenga), worn on the wrist
[Sw. mazoka, masango, copper-wire].

um-Songo, n. 5. Mealies or Kafir-corn when
commencing to songa <|. v.

u(lu)-Songo, ii. Declaration of intention to
do one some harm or evil, a threat or
menace u(lu)-Songelo, See songela.

i(li)-Songololo, i>. i(li)-Shongololo.

Songoza, r. Think over or make up a plan,
devise, contrive, as to how one shall act,
make a thing, etc <'p. ceba; qamba;

rninid.

i(li)-Songozo, ». Manner, plan, or contri-
vance for making a thing, acting,
Cp. i(li)-Cebo; i(H)-Su.

Sononda, v. = kononda.

Sonta (s.t),v. Twist, as a leathern th

(ace), the parts (ace.) of a rope i cp.

pota), or as the smith a piece of iron.

/

so

598

SU

or a hole in the path a person's ancle;
begin to twist the horns, as cattle do
when turning their prime (= bedula);
make the izi-nJobo (ace.) or tail-pieces
of a man's dress by slitting a strip of
skin along the sides and twisting the
small cut pieces; twist or put about a
person (ace), put him wrong in some
unpleasant way, put him out, as by giv-
ing him an indirect answer or mis-
leading information, or as the weather,
rain, etc., by acting in an unexpected,
erratic, or unpropitious manner; twist
or distort an affair (ace), stating it in
a misleading manner; go to church or
religious service in a building (mod.)
[Her. sotorora, twist; Sw. songa}.
Sonteka (s. t.; s. k.), v. Get twisted, become
or be crooked, as a piece of scantling
from lying in the sun, or a screw (used
in perf.).
Sonti, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Give a thing

(ace.) a twist. See sonta.
um-Sonti (s. t.), n. 5. Upright yellow-wood

tree (Podocarpus Thunhergii) (N).
Sontisa (s. t.), v. Hold service for a con-
gregation (ace. — mod.).
Sontiza (s. t.), v. = ukuti sonti.
i(li)-Sonto (s.t.), u. Sunday; church or re-
ligious meeting-house; religious service
[D. Sondag, Sunday].

Ex. uije esontweni, he has gone to church
or service.
um-Sonto (s. t.), n. 5. One of the separate
threads, fibres, strings, etc., which when
twisted (see sonta) together form apiece
of cotton, string or rope (see pota).
Sonu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti sonuluzi.
Sonuluza, v. = ukuti sonuluzi.
Sonuluzeka (s.k.),v. Get done off in a
summary manner, made an end of at a
single stroke, etc.

Ex. wasonuluxeka nje, he just got done oft'
at ;i blow i.e. the abatalcati brought him
down sharply and withoul even any period
of sickness.
Sonuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do or finish
right off, summarily; make a clean end
of outright or at a stroke, as of a pot
of beer (arc), the last still left of any-
thing, :t sick beast by putting an end
to its sufferings, snuff from a person's
palm by pinching the whole of it up at
once, etc.
Sopa (Sopha), v. Be bent upon having or
getting at a person (aec.) with some evil
intent, as upon having a fight or quarrel
with him = qonda, sohla.
Soso, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sosobata.

Sosobala, v. Crouch under, sit crouched
up, as a man under a cow when milking
it, or a person in a hut from cold or
nervousness (used in perf.).

u-Soyaka (s.k.), n. (C.N.) = wm-Yakayaka.

i(li)-Soyi, n. Sod, cut out for building pur-
poses [D. sooi\.

Soyiza, v. = zoyiza.

Sozisa, v. Cause want or bring destitution,
to a person (ace. with eta form) in re-
gard to some necessity of life (with
nga), deprive or cause to be deprived
of, as when a young man is the cause
of his father's losing his cattle, or a
child breaking the pots of its mother
and thus reducing her to a state of want,
or an uuitakati who kills a man's chil-
dren and so leaves him alone = sioezisa.

Ex. itNomali usisoxisele mimhlnvje ugesi-
gubu, Nomali has brought us to want ( has
deprived us) to-day in regard to a water-
gourd (which she has broken).

Su, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = suba.

i(li)-Su,w. Method or way of doing any-
thing, as of teaching a class or manag-
ing an undertaking (cp. i(li)-Songozo;
i(Ii)-Cebo); p_lan or resource for dealing
with any emergency, as when treating
a person who has met with an accident;
thin layer of flesh covering the belly of
an ox (= u(lu)-Ntu ) ; a giving birth, as
of a woman or cow — generally used
when calculating the number of births,
the habit of parturition, or the gender
of the offspring (akin to isi-Su); hence,
applied to the rings (= i(li)-Zinga) on
a cow's horn, which represent the num-
ber of its years and consequently births.

Ex. ixito zika'Bani unamasu, So-and-so's
legs have ways of their own, some peculia-
rity about them.

ngisafuna isit., T am just thinking for a
plan or resource (as to raise some heavy
load aloft).

ukudhla kulunge uma leupahea ngesu, the
food las at a feast) comes out right if it is
dealt with methodically, on some definite
plan (not in a blind, thoughtless manner).

iihitba nifunde uto, Icuhle ni\e ngesu, in
order that you may learn something, it would
he well for you to come regularly.

amasu ayo ase'mutatu, its births ( i. e.
calves) are now three (as of a cow).

us'enelinye /'sit, she has now another habit
of delivery (giving birth to boys instead of
girls i.
isi-Su, n. Belly, abdomen ; freq. used, as
below, in a broad sense in reference to
the process of child-bearing and referring
sometimes to the womb (though the

su

name of this organ proper is not isi-S//,
but isi-Nye) and sometimes to the fo-tits
it contains. Cp. u(lu)-Su [Skr. su, beget ;
Bo. Sha. Ngu. Ze. i-fu, belly; Kamb. z-
&m; Be. lu-fumo; Kus. i-fumu; Her.
e-zumo; Ga. lu-buto', Sak. kibu].

Kx. lunesisu lolu'kamba, this beer-pot lias
a capacious body bulging out at the side-,.

ms« so&e sixwalUe (ox umbilini wake
mubi), her abdomen *'. e. generative organs,
are gone bad — said of a woman who bears
children who always turn out morally bad.

isigttbu esi }%isu x/ibili (or esi iswibili i.e.
isu ibili), a double-bellied gourd /. e. one
drawn in narrow at the middle, with a body
at each end.

unesisu, she has a belly i. e. is in child,
pregnant; uyakupuka isisu, she is coming
up, as to a pregnancy, i. e. has conceived, is
in child (see i(li)-Zibuko); us'ehlala isisu,
she now contains a foetus, has conceived, is
pregnant; us'etate isisu, she has now got
hold of a foetus i.e. has conceived; isisu si-
pumile, sipupumile, leuye, the foetus has come
out, or run over, from her i. e. she has abort-
ed, or miscarried.

P. isisu somhambi kasmgakanani fN.
singapambili kodica, ngemva umhlonzo), a
traveller's stomach is not much, still it's in
the front {i.e. of foremost importance), be-
hind is the spine (which is of no conse-
quence) — said by a hungry traveller when
requesting a little food for which he feels
need.
u(lu)-Su (the prefix u has here the ordi-
narily full sound), n. First stomach or
paunch, of cattle; hence, human stomach ;
anything of a tough nature i. e. strong
but soft and pliable ( = u(lu)-Nama ).
Cp. i-nGobo; i(li)-Nanzi; i(U)-Twane
[see isi-Su].

P. sasidukuza us/rim' Iwenkomo — see du-
Jcumi.
u(lu)-Su (the prefix in this word is long),
n. Cloak worn by women and made

removed

down the back. Cp. isi-

of a goat's-skin with a hroad stripe of

hair

Puku.

Suba, v. Dip deeply into i.e. take out
largely by sinking the hands in deeply,
as when taking out a handful of sugar
(ace.) from a sack, or a greedy eater
taking a big handful of boiled-mealies
from the common dish.

Ex. intombi ka'Bani yaxisuba ixinkomo,

So-and-so's daughter has taken out a proper
helping of cattle— as when her lover has paid
oft' the whole of her hbokt at a -troke.

Subata (Subatha), v. eibalala.

Subela, /•. Wear a loin-cloth, or leather cov-
ering, passing between the legs, as the

>

599 SU

< looliee ami Basutos.

um-Subelo, n. .',. Basuto, or Coolie, cover-
ing, as above.

Sucaza, //. shuduza.

Sucula,/-. Gripe, cause intestinal pains
hard indigestible lumps <<\ loud or
crement, or a drastic purgative; b
= shuduza.

Suduka (s.k.),r. fuduka [Qa. aindika,
get out of the way; Sw. r/,//k>i}.

Suduza, v. = shuduza.

Suka (s.k.),v. Get up, rise up on one's
feet (cp. sukuma, vuka i ; gel away, be off,
as a routed impi, or a person from any
particular spot; move away (intra,
as a man removing his kraal from one
place to another; start oil', go oil,
persons going a journey or running
a race, or a bird flying off from a tr<
start from, come from, as when jour-
neying; originate or arise, as from any
particular cause; grow up quickly ami
tall, as a boy, or mealies in a field [Sw.
sukuma, move; sukasuka, agitate; ruka,
spring; Bo. suka, sprout; Qa. stuka,
get up].

Ex. pn! kusuka-pi/ well! what is the cause
or origin of it? — as of a quarrel.

suka! get off! get away with ye (hibern. ll
namhla sisuka emHlatuxe, we come, or
started from, the dmhlatuze to-day.

ukusuka kiti ukuya kubo kul'ibangana, from
our kraal to theirs is some little distance.
P. itendele elisuka 'muva likolwa ixagila,
the partridge that gets off last gets its full
of the sticks, i.e. if you want to save your-
self, you must get away sharp.

isi-Suka (s. k.), n. = isi-Kuba.

um-Suka (s.k.),n.o. Fang or i""t of a
tooth; the pointed shank, of an assegai.
Native hoe-iron, etc., which is inserted
into the handle; core or mass of slouch
at the heart of a tumour = umu-Shu.

Sukela (s. k.), v. (let away after, be "ft
after, as anything (ace.) running away;
start up at, spring at, attack, as a d^^
might a person (ace.), or one man ano-
ther when quarrelling ; rise, occur, as
a great quarrelling or tumuli ; staii up
i. c grow rapidly, as corn.

Sukeleka (s.k.),v. Get started off doing
anything, set aboul doing; gel led off
to do anything, as by seeing another's
previous example; gel Btarted up i.e.
growing off rapidly.

Ex. wasukeleka ubuhialu; wasukeleka uku-
bona ti>/a. -he got sel off doing) bead work;
-he go1 hd off by Beeing us.

isi-Suko (s.k.).n. Origin, cause, place of
rise, as of an affair. Cp. isi-Susa.

su

Suku. ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Get away,
aside, or on slightly, as a kraal shifting
slightly from its former site, or a tra-
veller going a little further on. Cp. ukuti
null/; ukuti siki.
u(lu)-Suku (plur. ama-Suku, imi-Suku, or
izi-nTsuku), n. Day (properly between
sunrise and sunset) = i(li)-Lang a, umu-
Hla. Cp. i-Mini [S\v. Bo. siku, day ;
Ga. naku; Reg. lu-su; MZT. i-zuba; Lu.
tli-tshiko; Her. e-yuva; Ha. kwana].

Ex. amasuku c/ii aba 'mafushane for 'wade),
our days (». e. stay there) were short ( per-
haps two or three); or were long ( perhaps a
fortnight |.

pakati kwamabili (amasuku), at midnight.

seku'ntsukwana w'emuka, it is now a few
days ago, since he left.

ngokuqeda, Intsuku \ ingeko, I shall have it
finished in uo time.

akuna'ntsuku, ngamnika elinye, it is only
the other day, since I gave him another one
i coat).

imisuku namakvnga (ox namazolo) , every
day.

ngiyambona njalo, ngisho nosuku olumnya-
nia, I see him continually, even on Sun-
days (or black or abstinence days, which
we're the days immediately following the dis-
appearance of the moon or the death of a
person, and upon which people stayed in
their homes, not going out to work or on
pleasure .
ubu-Suku floe. ebu-Suku), n. Night [Her.
ovrtuku; Kamb. u-tuka; Sw. u-siku;
MZT. bu:sika; At. orti].

Ex. pakati kwobusuku obukulu, in the depth
of the night, at midnight.

saJiamba ebusuku, we travelled at night,
in the night.

icenxa ngobusuku, he does it by night i.e.
by the darkness of night.

Phr. u'busuku nje, or kuscs'ebwiiiku kuye,
he is just darkness, or it is still in the night
with him, i.e. he (a small child) has not yet
reached the age to be able to understand
anything.
Sukula (s.k.),v. Doctor crops (ace.) by
mixing certain medicines {imi-Sukulo)
in corn ground only by pregnant women
and then burned in the field when the
■ Tops are still green and the north-east
or south-east wind is ldowing = kanda
[Ga. sekula, pound which in Z. is

k<i inhi\.

um-Sukulo (s.k.)rn.5. Medicine of any

kind used as above.

Sukuma (s. k.), v. Stand up, get up and

stand. Cp. suka; lulama.
u-Sukumbili (Sukumbhili), n. Small plant

| Hypericum cethiopicum), whose leaves

600 SU

are used for perfuming the isidwaba
and whose highly poisoi.ous roots are
used as a clyster for back-ache and
stomach-pains.

Sukuza (s. k.), v. Rake up an undesirable
affair (ace), as one which one wants
hushed up or forgotten, or which if
broached may raise a quarrel; also =
ukuti suku.

Sula, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = sulaza.

Sula, v. Wipe, as one's face (ace.) or a
wet cup; wipe off or away, as the tears
(ace.) from one's eyes, or the water
from a washed cup; brush, as one's
coat, or shoes; brush off, as the dirt
thereon ; wipe or rub down, a horse, etc.
[Gr. sulao, I take away ; Sw. sugua, wipe ;
Ga. sungula].

Phr. uku-suVumlomo, to wipe the mouth

*. e. just take a mouthful of food — to break

stay one's hunger — uku-qa-

one's fast or
bul'umlomo.

u(lu)-Mpe [Bo. Ursula, juice

uku-Sula, n. =
- see u-Ju].

i(li) or ubu-Sulasula, n. A fiddling, dilly-
dallying about, instead of doing a thing
at once, and which usually culminates
in a miss or the escape of one's quarry.
See sulaza.

Sulaza or Sulazela, v. Fiddle about hesi-
tatingly, dilly-dally with trifles, dawdle,
instead of quickly acting, as when a
person after being told to fetch some-
thing still dilly-dallies with other little
matters, or a man when making elabor-
ate preparations to get a good shot at
a bird (ace. with ela form ), so that the
bird meanwhile gets away, or a young
man failing to come to a ready decision
about a girl so that he eventually loses
her = sulubeza, ukuti sula. Comp. te-
leza.

Sulazeka (s. k.), v. Get fiddled about for,
so as to get clear away, as a bird (nom.)

in a trap,
deal the blow;

in a tree or a dog

caught
hesitating

to

while one is

get dawdled about for, have other mat-
ters draw off the attention from one so
that he gets missed or passes forgotten,
as a girl (nom.) who gets lost to her
sweetheart through his dilly-dallying
about a ready decision, or a man who
gets forgotten in a distribution of gifts
through the distributor having his atten-
tion drawn here and there away from
him = stdubezeka. Cp. telezeka.

i(li)-Sulazo, n. A getting fiddled about with
so as to have been able to escape, as a
bird in a tree or a dog in a trap (in a
good sense, and expressing 'good luck'

su

in managing to come unhari I through

difficulties); a getting fiddled about for,
so that the attention of the particular
party from whom one expects good,
gets drawn away elsewhere, as the girl
who loses her sweetheart through bis
dilly-dallying or the man who doesn't
catch the giver's eye in a distribution
of gifts (in this ease expressive of 'bad
luck' in getting missed or overlooked)
■= i(li)-8ulubezi. Cp. i(li)-Telezi.
Suleka (s.k.),v. Get wiped, etc., as above
( see sulci); be sleek, have a plump glos-
sy body, as man or beast (used in perf.).

Sulela, v. Wipe off for or upon; hence,

clear oneself of danger, blame, etc., by
letting it pass to another, as a man who,
afraid of tackling a wild-beast alone, gets
his companion to do the dangerous part
of the business while he runs away, or
a person who found out in a fault, throws
the blame on another (with nga)\ wipe
up the snuff (ace.) from one's hand into
a snuff-box (loc); wipe a person (ace.)
on the ground (with pantsi) i.e. cut
him down as with an assegai, kill him.

Ex. ng'esulela ngaye, I wiped off on him
i.e. I saved myself by putting him in the
front, etc.

sulela lapa, wipe up (the snuff remaining
in your hand) into here {i.e. into this Bnuff-
box ).

P. intsimba isulele ngeyi/umusba, the genet
threw the blame on the bush-shrike i its
common companion in the thickets i = one
puts the blame on the nearest helpless, in-
nocent thing to baud.

isi or ise-Sulelo, n. Feet-wiper, made of
hide, grass, etc.; hence, door-mat; per-
son, word, etc., upon whom or by which
one seeks to clear oneself of blame, dan-
ger, etc.

Ex. kanti ngiy'isisidek sako? am I then
your scapegoat, your tiling for always wiping
off your dirt upon?

lelo'xnri liy'iswulelo ku'Bani, that word is
intended to put the blame on So-and-so.

isi or ise-Sulo, u. Leaves, etc., used for
wiping up the spittle after smoking the
hemp-horn.

Sulu or Sululu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Move a
bit, or very slightly {trans, and intrans.),

as a person removing his kraal (ace. I or
the kraal itself moving just a short dis-
tance from its former site, or a man
^walking in deep sand so that lie appears
to be moving very slightly; just go, or
be gone, off or away, lie scarcely gone
(when somebody arrives, something
happens, etc.) = ukuti sukni; suluza.

601 SU

Ex. </'i.' ute sulu a/', no' he has just -hiit-
ed i hi-, kraal | slightly.

ngingati sub, (or sululu), !<■! ebeqala ulcu-
Iwa, I can sea reel) move, but they a' once
sei about fighting

ngati ngisati sulu (ot sululu), bafil
had hardly gone out, when they arrived.

isi-Sulu, n. State of being alone, solitary,
undisturbed, unsupervised, at perfect
freedom or leisure (with ilhln, hlala,
shay a, etc.) i(li)-Hlbla, <<iihlli>i >,<■.

Ex. sabudhla isisulu utshwala buka'Baui
we enjoyed So-and-so's beer all alone to our-
selves i nobody else was there l,

bayajabula (abantwana), beshaya isisulu
namhlanje, they are happy (the child
having it all to themselves to-day (their par-
ents having gone out .

1'. isisulu siyakukusula, the being alone
will wipe you out (if you don't take care;
for while alone also some evil may befal you I
= ihlola HhloVi/x/irdo lonke.

isisulu siis'rmlhii kasitenjioa, the solitude
of the veldt is not trusted in Bomebody
is sure to lie about.

u(lu)-Sulu, n. = u(lu)-Sini.
Sulubeza or Sulubezela, v. sulaza.
Sulubezeka (s.k.), r. sulazeka.
i(li)-Sulubezi, n. = i(li)-Sulazo.
Sululu, ukuti (ii Liil hi), i'. a l.ul i sulu.

um-Sululu, u. 5. Certain tree growing in
the bush-contry.

Sululuza, v. suluza.

Suluza, r. Move {trans. <<r intrans.) very
slightly, just a short space, as a man
shifting his place, or his kraal (ace.) a
little bit (cp. ukuti siki)\ walk with short
steps and a peculiar backward motion

of the buttocks, so as to appear to be
shifting one's position very slightly, as
a man walking through sand, or a- some
men do habitually; grind corn 0D the
grindstone, as a child, in a way similar
to that of the walking-gait above, rub-
bing about the st. me but every time
bringing the grain backward again, not
Clearing it off forward; (CXl twi-t the
end, so as to make a point, on a piece
of cotton (acc.) or string.

Suluzeka (s. k.). >-. < tel moved, or shift, very
Slightly, as above, as a man when asked
to make room for another.

i(li)-Sumpa, plur. ama-Sumpa, sometimes
erroneously ama-Ntsumpa (s. p.), u. Small
raised dot or wart made on the side of
a beer-pot, etc., by way of ornamentation ;

small knob or handle of wood on each
side of the i( I i )-'l'u u>/<i ><v Native milking-

vessel. Cp. i-nTsumpa [Sw. suniba, boil].

SU 602

Ex. ukamba olu'masumpa, a beer-pot hav-
ing wart -like ornamentations.

P. itunga selidumel'emasumpem, the milk-
pail already sounds about the handles i. e.
is nearly full — used to express that any-
thing, as thunder, etc., is already very near.

Sumpu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. p.), v. = ukuti
shumpu.

Sumpuka (s.p; s. k.),v. = shumpuka.

Sumpu la (*.]).), v. = shumpula.

Sumu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. sumuza.

Sumuza or Sumuzela, v. Munch merely
i. e. eat anything (ace.) that has absolute-
ly no taste, being merely 'stuff in the
mouth; take bad imperceptible snuff.
See i-nTsumuntsumu; ukuti shwayi.

i(ii)-Sundu (Suundu),n. Common palmetto
(Phoenix reclinata), growing in coast
districts. Cp. i(li)-Lala; i-nGqasundu
[Her. omu-runga, palm-tree].

um-Sundu, n. 5. Common earth-worm ; also
applied to red intestinal or round-worm
i urn- Tshumane ) [Sw. nyungunyungu,
worm].

um-Sundu!o, n. 5. One of the two tendons
at the back of the neck. Cp. um-Tovoti.

Ex. uku-goba. or gobisa, umsundu/o, to
have the head lowered or bowed down, as
by nature, or when sitting over work.

Sunduza, v. Push or shove away or for-
ward, as one might a box (ace.) or per-
son with the hand, foot, or shoulder.
Cp. ciliza; kapeza [Sw. sukuma, push;
Her. yundura, push forward].

Sungubala, v. Creep, crawl, or otherwise
pass through any harrow aperture or
hole-like passage, as when passing
through a narrow hole in order to reach
a further open space. Cp. ukuti shume.

Sungubeza, v. Make pass through a narrow
passage, as above.

Sungula, v. Begin, start, as any work (ace);
provoke a person (ace.), give him wil-
fully incitement to fight — of ten adopted
by women for Jtlonijm purposes = gala
[Sw. sogeza, start; Ga. soka, begin;
Kar. tang a].

u(lu)-Sungulo, v. Native awl, or needle for
piercing; small species of blindworm
(smaller than an earth-worm), with a
lustrous body, something like a tiny
snake (= u(lu)-Su w/nlo-hvaniadhlozi;
cp. v-nKambapantei); also = i(li)-Hla-
bantsungulo [Her. o-ndungo, awl; Sw.
sindano, needle].

u m - S u n u , n . 5. = i-n Tlunu.

u-Sununundu, n. Veldt-herb, whose roots
u led as an eineth- to assist ( xpector-

'ii.

SU

um-Sunu-wembuzi (ivembhuzi), n. 5. Two
different shrubs {Kraussia lanceolata
and Nuxia floribunda).

Susa, v. Make get or go away; hence, take
away, remove anything, as vessels (ace.)
from a table, a stain from a cloth, or a
beggar from one's door ; taken away,
deduct, subtract from, as a smaller
quantity from a greater; drive off, as
an enemy ; set anything (ace.) in motion
or a-going, start it or him off, as a rail-
way-train or boys racing; make start
off from L e. commence to relate a story
or take it up from any particular point;
cause, give origin or start to, as a quar-
rel or other sequence of events ; get rid
of, make away with an obnoxious per-
son, in the case of a chief equivalent
to 'kill' him [Gr. sulao, I take away;
Bo. usa, abolish ; Her. isa, take away ;
Sw. rusha, send away].

Phr. uku-susa ixinyaivo, to move one's
feet *'. e. go along smartly, quickly.

isi-Susa, n. Cause, origin, of any matter
= isi-Ktvelo. See suka; susa.

Susela or Suselela, v. Take up or com-
mence to relate a story (ace.) from any
particular point.

isi-Suso, n. Certain kind of quick, spirited
dance, performed at weddings, and ac-
companied by clapping of hands = isi-
Gerre.

P. isisuso simnandi ngokupindwa, the

wedding-dance is nice upon its repetition ( by
which time all have fallen well in together)
-said to beg a repetition of any favour,
gift, etc.

isi-Susumba (Susumbha), n. Big, heavy
belly.

Suta (Sutha — perf. sutij, v. Be full, be sat-
ed, with eating anything (with agent);
have had enough of, whether food, or
metaphor., as with bother, talk, etc. ;
be pregnant, as a woman, and some-
times used of a cat ( = rnita ; cp. hla-
nza) [Her. kuta; Ya. ikuta; Ga. tikuta;
Bo. eguta].

Ex. sengisuti, I am full, have had enough.

hade usisutisa ngamazwi, you have
already long ago given us enough of your
talk.

kayiyikusutwa'muntu le'nyama, nobody
will have, enough, get sated, from this meat.

Phr. tik/t-sida umoya, to have had enough
with wind, i. e. to have no appetite for any-
thing else, as food.

uku-Suta (Sutha), n. Fulness, satiety, from
eating, etc.

Ex. badakwe ukusuta, they are intoxicated,
elated, through much eating.

su

um-Sutasutane (Suthasuthane), n. 5. Cer-
tain herb, used medicinally for children.

Suteka (Sutheka), v. Gel sated <>r satis-
fied with, i.e. fill one up who may

eat it, as substantial food, or as the per-
son with such food.

Ex. myoma kayisuteki, meat is not satis-
fying, filling (as a fomh, you cannot make
a full meat off it alone.

Sutela (Suthela),v. He filled or sated with
food for or by reason of or thanks to sonic-
body (ace.).

Ex. sibupuxe (utshwala), samsutela umfo
ka'Bani, we drank it (the beer), and got
satisfied for him (for he wished to see us
have enough), the sou of So-and-so.

Sutisa (Suthisa), v. Fill a person (ace.)
with food, give him enough; impregnate,
make pregnant (= mitisa).

Ex. intombi ka'Bani bayisutisile, they
have made pregnant the daughter of So-and-so.

um-Suto (Sutho), n. 5. = i-nTsuta.

um-Sutu (Suthu — plur. aba, or abe,), n. 1.

One of the Suto race; a very stingy

person.

Ex. kancishani i/j<il<>, urnsutu, he isn't
stingy, then; why, he's a veritable Basuto.

uye Jcu'beSutu, he has gone to the Basu-
tos or to Basutoland.
isi-Sutu (Suthu), a

sutos.

u(lu)-Sutu (Stttlni loc. o-Sutu^l, n. Suto
nation (collectively), or their land; cattle
of the Afrikander breed, which seem to
have been first obtained from the Trans-
vaal Basutos about the time of Mzilika-
zi's raiding there (= u(lu)-Sutu <>/</-
'mpondo'nde, u(lu)-Belu; cp. i(li)-Kwi-
li); name subsequently adopted by the
party of Cetshwayo, in Zululand, as dis-
tinct from those of Mpande himself and
of the other son of Mpande, Mbulazi,
the following of this latter being called
izi-Qoza, and of Mpande, u-Zulu.

Ex. uye oSutu, he has gone to Cetshwayo's
people or district: or to the Basutos (ku'be-
Sutu ).

ixi/ntsutukaxi eximbili, two Afrikander

COWS.

uSutu Iwalwa noMandhlakaxi, the party
of Cetshwayo fought with that of Zibebu.

Suza, v. Break wind. Cp. shipa; rrwi-
rrwiza [Bo. sulci; Her. huiza\.

V. ukusuxa kwomnumxana kuxitshwa ngo-
mfjokaxana, the slip (or breaking wind) of the

head-man is dissembled (pretended not to be
heard) by the common fellow . the wrong-
doing of the great must be let pass unnotic-
ed by the lowly.

603 SWA

um-Suzane, //. 5. um-Suzwa

Suzela, v. Break wind for or at a person
(ace.) ; sting a person (ace.), a a w asp
or anything with a Bting behind < qo~

Language of the Ba-

Kind of black hornel

sela, twinqila >.

u-Suzela-dubule, n.
(N).

um-Suzwane, //. 5. Shrub ( /.i/>/>"t asperi-
folia), having a disagreeable smell and
used as a specific for measles, and
smeared on the body of a traveller for
preventing crocodiles and dogs from
biting him.

Swabaza, v. (N) swebeza.

Swabula, V. dees-, mock at. as rude boys
at an <>ld man ( ace. and ela form I
rroloda; ncukuza; also hlwabula.

u(lu)-Swabuswabu, //. Amy long slender
person or thing thai swaijs or sway-
about owing to it- limpness, a- ;i lanky
man, a sjambok, or long thin board.
See swabuzela.

Swabuzela, v. Swag about, waver or lean
from side to side through limpness of
body, as a tall thin man when walking,
a sjambok when stood erect.

Swaca, ukuti (uleuthi), v. Pull tightly to-
gether, tic tightly, bind tightly up with
some kind of knot, as a piece of string
(ace.) where it requires binding; pull
tighl the wrinkles (ace.) <m one's fore-
head i. e. frown severely; dash down,
as one might an earthen-pot (aCC.), or a
man with whom he is wrestling; do off
completely, make a complete end of. as
a hut (acc.) one is building (cp. shaqa)\
be done off completely, be at a complete
end, as cattle, or food i ukuti <>!/<> \
swaca.

Swaca, v. ukuti swaca.

Phr. //'/' ."" sekuswaca unwel or <
nwele), 1 fell the hair pulliug tight, ba
a creepy sensation, as when passing Borne
awesome spol at night, or from int. -
citemeul a- when frantically dancing.

Svvahla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Shut up. stop
up thoroughly or Firmly, as a box (a
bottle, or hole i ukuti hlwase); do ,,tt
completely or thoroughly, finish -it. as
;1 inn (acc.) when building < ukuti
swalakahla); deal a decisive blow, fin-
ishing it off, shutting him up, a- one
might a person (acc.) or thin- i ukuti
swalakahla); shut one up closely, as
darkne »s, ;. e. be pitch dark.

j.-x ,■; oyaktimuti stcahla, I

desire a medicine that will Ptoppcr him up
(i.e. an astringenl to May the diarrheas

ixindJilu ■>'' sicahla touke, da- huts are
all firmly shut.

SWA

kutc swahla ubumnyama, it is pitch dark.

Swahla, v. = ukuti swahla.

Swakama ^s'. k.), v. Be moist or damp, as
recently wetted ground or a washed gar-
ment, or the body with perspiration
(used in perf.) = ginqa, mata.

um-Swakama (s.k.).n.5. Any damp or
moist place or thing, as a wet spot in a
hut or a recently washed garment.

Swakamisa (s.k.),v. Make a thing (ace.)
damp, moisten.

Swalakahla, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti
swahla.

isi -Swalakahla (s. k.), n. Large knobkerrv

I C.X.).
Swambakanya (Sivambltakauya), v. = shwa-

mbakanya.

Swambateka (Swambhatheka), v. = samba-

tcka.

Swanguluka (s.k.),''. su nijttluka.

um-Swani, n. 5. Grass in the paunch or
first-stomach of cattle or other rumin-
ating animals and awaiting re-chewing
(see hlwabula, etshisa).

Phr. umuntu adhlekmihkva, 'enxele umswa-

h i. a person eats in the evening, doing it so
as to have a reserve or something to work
upon in the morning ( as he will nut eat.
again till midday |.

sowubonga (or sowubodhla) emswanini; ka-
sisayikuvuka, you are now bellowing over
the Btomach-grass (as cattle are wont to
do when they come home and find thrown
about the contents of the stomach of one of
their number that has been slaughtered, but
which is so much useless noise); it (the
broken vessel i won't come to life again =
you are crying over spilt milk — as might
be Baid to a little girl who has broken her
pitcher.

u(lu)-Swani (collect.; or individually with
plur. izirnTswani). n. = u(lu)-Saba; also

n(l a )->'irir /u's/rani.

um-Swanikazi (s.k.),n.o. Species of dark-
coloured ama-bele.

u(iu)-Swaninga, n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Swani-
swani.

u(lu)-Swaniswani, n. Tall, slender person.

um-Swani-wemvubu, n. 5. Certain kind of
a nin-bele.

Svvaniza, v. Collect dry sticks, scrub, etc.
for firewood (used chiefly by women).
u(lu)-Swani.

Swanyaza, v. = soboza.

Swanyazeka (s.k.), v. = subozeka.

Sway1, ukuti (ukuthi), r. Be or keep quiet,
b< hushed, stilled, as the wind.

604 SWE

Ex. ngiyakuti nje swayi, I shall ju*t keep
silent, won't say a word.

Swaza, v. = sileka; also swaca.

Swazeka (s. k.), v. = silekeka.

i(li)-Swazi, n. One of the Swazi tribe; pe-
culiar kind of assegai, with groove down
the middle, used by the Swazis.

Ex. uye eSwaxini, he has gone to Swa-
ziland.

um -Swazi, n. 5. = isi-Sila.

u(lu)-Swazi, n. Switch, small thin rod or
stick (whether green or dry); name
sometimes given to one of the um-Beka
oxen [Ga. kagu, switch; MZT. ka-samo].

Swe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perfect, without
defect, faultlessly nice, clear, etc., as any
piece of handwork, or water or sky when
quite clear of cloud or sediment (= sive-
sweka); make or do anything (ace.)
thus perfectly, faultlessly nice or proper,
as when making an earthen pot or cut-
ting a piece of cloth evenly (= siveswa).
Cp. isi-Nwe.

u(lu)-Swe, n. = u(lu)-Nama.

Sweba, v. = hlobonga.

u(lu)-Swebezane, n. Swarm, as of children,
pigs, ants, etc.

Swebezela, v. Swarm about, after, etc., i. e.
be thickly numerous, as a lot of children
about a kraal, a litter of pigs, or bees
about a tree.

Swela, v. Lack, need, require anything

(ace.) = ntula.
i(li)-Swela, n. = i(li)-Selwa.
u(lu)-Swela, n. = u(lu)-Selwa.
i(li)-Swelandhlebe^. = i(li)->Pungandhlebe.

Sweleka, v. Be lacking, be needed, be re-
quired; be necessary (used in perf.);
die, depart life (= gqabuka).

Ex. kustcelekile ukuba aqale avume yena,
it is necessary that he should first conseut.

usweleke cbusuku, he passed away during
the night.

Swelela, v. Become or begin to grow dull-
ed, faintly 'seeable', obscure to the vi-
sion, as things generally (impers. ku)
after twilight in the evening, a burnt
spot on the veldt when the grass begins
to grow and the blackness to become
fainter, or the hair commencing to grow
again on a head recently shaven; dis-
appear, vanish, as a person suddenly
missed from a party; pretend not to
hear or see anything intentionally (=
ziba) — hivelela.

Ex. sexiswelele inwele xake, his hair is
now beginning to grow, or take the distinct-
ness off his baldness.

^

SWE

us'eswelele (ox us'ete swelele), washona nga-
pi? he baa now got lost t<> Bight, where has
he disappeared to?

Swelele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = swelela.

um-Swelele, n. 5. (C.N.) — UrMandubulu.

i(h)-Sweli,«,. Certain strong-smelling veldt-
herb, wild garlic, eaten as food in time
of famine; hence, applied to onion.

Swempa (s.p.), v. Trick, cheat, as one pri-
son might another (ace.) with whom he
Agrees to travel and then leaves before-
hand without him, or tin' weather when
it leads one to think it is going to be
fine and then changes for rain par
nib a.

u-Swempe (s.p.),n. (C.N.) = u-Shebe, urn-
Veshe.

um-Swempe (s.p.), n. 5. Juicy semi-trans-
parent root of the isi-Tate (of hare's-
foot) plant, and which is eaten = u-No-
mncangiyana.

Swempeka (s.p.; s.k.),v. Get tricked,
cheated, as above (used in perf.) — see
swempa.

u(lu)-Swempu (s.p.), n. = i-nTswempu.

um-Swendo, //. 5. — um-Sendo.

isi-Swenya, n. Hunch, as of three or four
mealie-cobs or carrots tied together at
the heads, or of flowers, or of a few-
people or cattle standing- together in a
group. Cp. isi-Hleke.

um-Swenya, n. 5. Mealie-grub (= i-nTlava)
when found in the ground during the
winter; black grooves or decayed holes
in the front teeth of a person, as though
gnawed by some insect (the name pro-
perly refers to this supposed insect).

Sweswa, v. = ukuti swe.

605 SWO

i(li) oi- um-Sweswe, //. ./. um-Dweshu.
Swesweka (s.k.), v. ukul

ubu-Swezi,//. Neediness, Jtate of being
without or in want of anything, a- cat
pots, etc. See swela.
Ex. ixitska angisenaxs), ■,,,/,,. \

haven't any Longer :i g 1 supply <>t vessels ;

I am now in want of them.
Swezisa or Swezisela, v. sotn
SwV, ukuti (ukuthi), <•. Be chock-full, brim-
ming full, as a bucket of water, or the
water therein ( ukuti tshiki, nqat
l.e very Mark or pitch darl ukuti

swile)\ squeak, as a mouse crying l
swiminiaa ).

umu-Swi, /(. r,. iX.) = umu-Ntswi.

Swica, v. Hit or strikes thing (ace.) vio-
lently with something ( with nga i thrown,
asa person with a clod of earth or stone,
or a dog with a kerry; cause our (ace.)
stomach-pains or uneasiness, cause sur-
feit, as food when overloaded in the
stomach or gorged upon too hurriedly
(cp. canula).

SwVIe, ukuti {ukuthi), v. Be very black, as
a coat oi' person; be pitch dark, as the
night ukuti kact .

i(li)-Swili,72. mostly used by women i(li)-
Twane.

Swininiza, v. Squeak, as a mouse; speak
with an unusually high-pitched voice or
squeak, as some people do naturally
ntswininiza.

u(lu)-Swiswi, u. Limpet (X).

u-Switi (Swithi),n. Sweets [Eng.].

Swobo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. ukuti sobo.

Swoboza, v. soboza.

/

T

JV\ has two varieties of sound in Zulu- ( 1 i
I an open or expirated t; (2), a close or
inspirated /. The former, or expirated t, is
practically the same as in English; and being
in Zulu always accompanied by a certain
amount of aspiration, is distinguished in -nipt
li\ the combination ///, as in the words th<il><i
( how down i and tlienga (barter). The close or
inspirated / lias no equivalent in English, It
may be hot described as a combination of the
sounds of a it and a I, and so may he regarded
Neither as a hardened d or as a softened /. It
is a /., whose aspiration is checked or drawn
hack, whose sharpness b deadened by the
tongue clogging, as it were, at the closed teeth.
Being without the usual aspiration, it is distin-
guished in script by the simple sign t, as in

the words toba (get softened) and U
( waver i.

The combination // is a variation ol tin- lisp
hi i see note under I »

The sign tsh denotes, not the sound of the
eh in the English word •cherry.' but a combin-
ation of the sounds of a close or inspirated
/, and an sh, somewhat resembling the sound
of the In in the English word •virtue.' not that
of the English /. with which it b generally
confounded by Colonists, a-, for example, in

the words tsln l<i tell I and Intuitu i plant I.

The combination ts repres nts a union
of a close or inspirated / along with that ol

an >. and iu pronunciation resembles that of
dl8 not that of the more sharpened English
Is i, a- in the word tsaka squirt .

TA 606

An s immediately following an n, also be-
comes changed in pronunciation into a ts, as
in tin- words i-nl'salelo, i-nTsila. This is, of
course, a 'combination sign' representing a
single souud ami does not mean that in pro-
nunciation a t is heard as distinct from the s,
but denotes merely that the single sound follow-
ing tin- i). is not a simple (as in English) but
a ilentalised sibilant.

TA

X,

N.B. Roots, therefore, having the
prefix i-n. and hitherto, according
to the old orthography, commencing
with an S, must here be songlit for
under Ts.

Ta (Tim), r. Invent a name for a person
( doub. ace), call him a name (=qamba);
pour into some receptacle (ace.) having
a small mouth or aperture, as a bottle,
calabash, or into a person (by the anus)
when injecting an enema (cp. tela; see
cata, potsha, boja); (C.N.) present the
people (ace.) of a young-man's intended
with the first bead of cattle in order to
open a settlement with them regarding
her lobola (= qamba) [Sw. Ga. MZT.
ita, call, name; At. ta].

Ex. bayt 'kut'ikice (or baye 'kuta ikwe),

they have gone with a beast to open the
mouth nt the (prospective) father-in-law (N).

is'itiirr le-ntombi, this girl is already en-
gaged i or arranged about with her father) (N).

Phr. ngiyakuta inganekwane for nyiyaku-
nitela), I will tell you a story = xoxela.

Ta, ukuti (Tha, ukuthi), v. Be flat, level,
smooth, as a plain or hut floor; make
a thing (aee.) so flat = ukuti eaba.

isT-Ta (Tha the second i is long), n. Ene-
my, foe = i-mPi [Bo. u-ta, weapon; Sw.
mata, bows and arrows; Her. ou-ta,

bow; At. ofe, enemy].

isi-Ta (Tha), u. Heap or pile of anything
collected together, as amabele, bricks,
etc. (less than the i-nDondela). See
UNqwaba.

u(lu)-Ta (Tha), n. Uterine secretions pre-
liminary to parturition and preceding
tin- 'waters' (see is-Ampanza); (C.N.)
first child, or wife, of a man (see i(li)-
Sokanqangi ).

ubu-Ta (s.t.), a. Wilful negligence, neglect-
ful indifference, as when a servant

knowingly does his work badly through
not caring.

uku-Ta (Tha s< nd u is long), //. Cus-
tom of using the impersonal pronoun
(ku, <>r loku) in reference to a person,
etc., in order to indicate contempl
uku-Takazi [akin to root to see i-nTo],

Ex. kufuna-ni lama loku? what does this
thing (a person, clog, etc.) want?

ungibixela-ni ngokuta? why do you call

me ' a thing'?

Taba, ukuti (Thaba, ukuthi),v.=ukuticaba.

Taba (Thaba), v. Delight, be delighted, be
filled with great joy or pleasure (used
in pert'.) = ncinca. Cp. jabula [Skr.
las, delight; Heb. tamah, joy; Gr. ter-
2)0, I delight; Ar. insharah, rejoice].

i-nTaba (s.t.),n. Hill; mountain [Heb.
yeba, bill; Ar. gdbdl; Gr. pagos; Chw.
si-tlaba; L. Cong. tadi].

Phr. uku-dontsa intaba. to pull up a hill.

uku-ma ngentaba, to stand with the back
against a hill = to deny resolutely.

uku-kwela ngentaba, to climb up by
way of a hill = to get unnecessarily excited,
wild, into a rage, as when discussing an
affair with another; also, to leave the beaten
track i.e. talk away from the point or out
of the usual direct way.

Tabalala, ukuti (Thdbalala, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti ja.

i(li)-Tabalaia (Thdbalala), n. Indolent,
'lifeless' kind of person.

Tabalazi, ukuti (Thdbalazi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti ja.

um-Tabane (Tabhane), n. 5. Vaginal belt
of i-Ncema grass, formed like a small
boat tied at each end and worn during
the menstrual period. Cp. isi-Vato; (N)
= um-Tambane.

Tabata (Thabatha), v. = tata [Sw. kama-
ta, take; Kwafi. etanaba].

i(li)-Tabata (Thabatha), n. Manner of sew-
ing beadwork, leaving small meshes
between the beads. Cp. um-Belo.

Ex. isigege sami setabata, my netted fron-
tal-covering.

Taba taba, ukuti (Thaba thaba, tikzethi), v.
Be or live at one's ease, comfortably,
without anything to disturb or worry
= ukuti caba caba, ukuti zinzi zinzi.

i(li)-Tabataba (s.t.),n. Indolent, 'lifeless'
person, with no energy or work within
him.

isi-Tabataba (Thabathaba), n. A univer-
sal proclamation of a disturbing nature
mostly confined to the isitabataba
sezintombi in 18G9, when Sir. Theo.
Shepstone reduced the legal number of
lobola cattle and fixed it at ten head
(N. I'r. Xo.)

isi-Tabataba (s. /.), n. Person with a deli-
cate, limber, though gen. 'pretty' body.

i(li)-Tabato (Thabatho), n. = i(li)-Tabata.

Tabaya (Tabhaya), v. = tarnasa.

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607

fitful

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4

Tabazeka (Thabazeka), v. ukuti
tab a, netezeka.

Tabazela (s.t.), v. Do in an indolent, 'life-
less' way, as one delicate or lazy. Cp.
debesela.

i(li)-Tabelo (Thabelo), n. Delight, great joy.

Taca, ukuti (Thaca, ukuthi),v. ukuti baca.

i-nTacantaca (s.t.),n. = i-mBacambaca.

Tacaza (Thacaza), v. = bacaza.

Taceka (Thaceka), v. — baceka.

Tafa, ukuti (Thafa, ukuthi), v. ukuti caba.

i(li)-Tafa (Thafa), u. A plain; flat country
= i(li)-Ceke. Cp. ukuti fit [Tanga-nika
Lake, said to mean 'plain-like' cp. Z.
i-tafa, plain; Su. nuka, river; Sw. sawa,
flat; MZT. mu-tulu, plain].

Tafu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = tafuza.
i(li)-Tafula (s.t.),n. Table [D. tafel\.
ama-Tafutafu (s.t.),n. Fat, grease, or any
1 'oily' thing, as a lump of fat (of meat),

or dripping used for anointing the body.

Cp. ama-Futa; i(li)-Noni; ama-Tifitifi,

isi-Tafutafu (s.t.),n. Meat-gravy thickened
with meal and mixed with fat; any
similarly rich, fatty food isi-Tifififi.

Tafuza (s.t.),v. Be 'fatty', be running or
thickly covered with oil or grease.

Tafuzela (s.t.), v. Go 'fattily' or 'greasily '
along, as a very fat person walking.

Tab la, ukuti (Thahla, ukuthi), v. -. ukuti
baca.

Tahlaza (Thaldaza), v. = bacaza.

Tahleka (Thahleka), v. = baceka.

Taka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.; s.k.),v. l>e too

much for a person (ace.), be more than

>C enough for, tire out thoroughly, as too

much food, work, etc. = shikUisa, ahlula.

Taka (Thaka), v. (C.N.) = tokela.

i-nTaka (s.t.; s.k.),n. Generic name for
the females of various species of small
finches, such as go in flocks with the
u-Jojo, i(li)-Sakabuli, VrMawube, u-Ntle-
kwane, etc. [Xo. intaka, bird; Sw. Bo.
Ze. etc. ndege, bird].

Phr. intaka ibekelia amaxolo ka'Sibaniba-
ni, the little finch {i.e. its feathers) are put
out in the dew at So-aud-so's kraal the
wedding-dance is to-morrow | from the Native
custom of putting feather head-dresses out
in the dew in order to remove creases, etc.)
— hence used metaphor, of any event that
is already at hand. Sec u-Tshwala.

i(li)-Takabezi (s. t), u. = i(li)-Cakabezi.

T-nTakantsintsi (s.t.; s.k.),n. Yellow-
shouldered Whydah Finch < Penthetria
albonotata). Cp. isi-Gwe (Appendix).

Takasa (s.t.; s.k.),v. Get along in a stil'f-

legged, hampered kind of a per-

son with a sore in tie' thighs, a weary
traveller n udging alone a road, • i
taphor.J a woman plodding awaj at a
Large tiring field.

Takata (Thakatha), >•. Practise poisoning

and other similar criini etly, WOrE

evil by medicines, charms or witchcraft
to the injury of any person (ace.,
with flu form) or property; do with
surprising skill or eunnm
pen in any handicraft kunkula,
koca; cp. lumba pin. ndogi, bad cha-
racter; Bo. tagata, step over].

ubu-Takataka (Thakathaka), u. Limpi
as of a piece of supple hide; Boftn
(easily receiving impressions), as a ripe
fruit, or (metaphor.) a quickly grasping
mind (i-Kanda)\ limpness of body,
weakness, feebleness, as of a sick person
or child word mostly confined now to
Xatal [Sw. teketeke, limp].

Ex. i/canda take li'butakataka, his head i-
soft, quickly sensitive to or easily catching
diseases; or. is soli, nadily receiving impres-
sions, retaining what ha- Keen taught.

us'e'butakataka, he i- -till feeble.

um-Takati (Thakathi), u. I. Person habit-
ually given to secret poisoning, bewitch-
ing, etc., as above (see takata); sur-
prisingly clever or skilful person; certian

Native custom ( um-Shopi used
with enza); name sometimes applied
to an irritatingly painful tooth; >>v \<>
the irritatingly painful spot in the flesh
where the tape-worm parasite lod(
(see i-nTlumba) = u-Mabuyakust
u-Mashiyakukalwa, um-Kunkuli, isi-Ha-
at iinl: a hi, um-Sokoco, UrSeqanambaqa-
in/a, u-Seqanezigodo, u-Siyakanye.

Ex. ubidewe abatakati, he i- afflicted with
tape-worm <-ysts i from the pain cauai
i-n Tlumba ).

uhcelwe umtakati, \\<- \- suffering from
toothache.

Phr. ingane isHpuma abatakati the infant
i> now cutting hi- teeth i trom the pain
cau-ed l.

isi-Takati (Thakathi), n. Diarrhoea of in-
fants often occurring by reason of or

abOUl the time of cutting the teeth i

above isi-Kobe)\ grub disease in

mealies, causing the plant to turn white;
whitish patch on a woman's kilt, from
the peculiarity of the skin at that spot
not taking the 'blacking' as do the other
parts.

Takaza (Thakaza), r. Show kindness or
geniality . a.- below.

Takazela (Thakazela), v. Address or act

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608

TA

towards a person (ace.) in a kindly, ge-
nial, courteous manner, as towards a
stranger or visitor (cp. i(Ii)-Kono); wel-
come, greet, a person on arrival, or as
a dog upon meeting its master (cp. bi-
ngelela ; halalisela).

Takazelana (Thakazelana), v. Show friend-
liness, kindness, towards each other j live
as friends together, as two comrades
residing at the same place.

isi-Takazelo (Thakazelo), n. A tribal salu-
tation, term of polite or friendly address
peculiar to each elan —each clan being
distinguished by its own clan-name or
ixi-bongo as we'll as by its "term of sa-
lutation, thus a member of the Elangeni
clan is addressed by the name Mhlongo,
on,, df the Zulu clan by ' Ndabezita, of
the Zungu elan by Mhlehlo, of the
Qwabe elan by ' Gimiede, and so on;
hence, a nickname coined for an infant
by its mother = isi-Takazo. Cp. isi-
Topo.

uku-Takazi (Thakazi), n. = uku-Ta; uku-
Nto.

isi-Takazo (Thakazo), n. = isi-Takazelo.

isi-Tako (Thako), n. Mixture of different
things (C.N.).

i(li)-Tala (Thala — loc. e-Tala), n. Kind of
hanging basket or bag made of fibre
net-work, hung up on the wall inside of
a hut, and having an opening at one end
or at the top — it is used as a 'shelf
■ n- cupboard in which to store things
out of the reach of children; a coming-
down all at one time in a single mass,
a shower or volley — used of the asse-
gais of animpi when hurled all together
at an enemy (cp. isi-Monqo; u-Tela/nt-
yeka ) [Bo. u-tala, privy].

Ex. babatela iujetala, they poured down
upon thou i their assegais) in a shower or
volley; or, they poured down upon them in
• me great rushing mass.

I'lir. dhla-na, ubek'etala, eat and put by
something in the cupboard = always keep
something by for ;i rainy day.

um-Tala (Thaala),n. Kind of long grass
(Erianthus Capensis), growing in moist
ground and used for hut-thatching ; mil-
ky-way or galaxy, in the heavens; strip
of fleshy muscle encircling the paunch
of cattle'; long swollen stripe going from
the navel towards tin; breast-bone in

I some Natives ( cp. um-Nyele); stripe or
Ioul: patch of hair remaining on the top
of the head of an infant when the hair
around the side- of the head has fallen
out.

\(\\)-7a\abu(Thalabu),n. Bowels of a sheep
(C.N.)

isi-Taladi (s.t.),n. Street, in a town [D.
straat],

isi-Talagu (Thalagu),n. Crafty, roguish-
looking person, capable of any criminal
action.

u(lu)-Talagu (s. t.), n. Person, gen. a fem-
ale, with large heavy buttocks, causing
a stiff, waddling gait. Cp. u(lu)-Tununu.

Talakahla, ukuti (Thdlakahla, ukuthi), v.
'Flop' oneself down, squat down in a
careless lazy manner, as a woman com-
ing tired into a hut ; 'flop ' a thing ( ace.)
down, cast it down in a careless indif-
ferent manner, as a child might a pot
(ace.) in the yard.

Talala, ukuti (Thdlala, ukuthi), v. Be
brimming or chock-full, as a river up
to the top of its banks, or the belly in-
flated with wind; also = talalisa. Cp.
ukuti tantala.

Talala (Thalala), v. = ttkuti talala.

Talalisa (Thalalisa), v. Pretend not to hear
or see a thing (with nga) from con-
tempt, perverseness, etc. = tufela.

Talasa (s. t.), v. Turn up the buttocks in-
tentionally ; hence, have large prominent
buttocks, thrust out far behind (used
in pert". — see u(lu)-Belu ) ; go or walk
with the buttocks thrust out far behind ;
stoop, protruding the buttocks and so
exposing the pudenda, as a little girl
(cp. dunusa; rranula); show contemp-
tuous disregard, as towards one's father
( ace. and ela form ).

Talasela (s. t.), v. Show contemptuous dis-
regard towards, as towards a parent
(ace.) or other whom one is in duty
bound to respect and care for = tenesa,
teba, bembesela. Cp. delela.

isi-Talasi (s.t.),n. Contemptuous disregard,
as above ; person of such a character =
= isi-Tanasi, isi-Tenesi.

Tala tala, ukuti (Thala thala, ukuthi), v.
= qalaza, talaza.

i(li)-Talatalakazana (Thalathalakazana), n.
= i(li)-Qalaqala.

i(li)-Talatalana (Thalathalana), n. = i(li)-
Qalaqala.

Talaza (Thalaza), v. — qalaza [Lu. tala,
look; Sw. tazama; Her. tara].

u(lu)-Talazi (Thalazi), n. Any very hard,
intractable thing, as a rock, strong pot,
or person difficult to move or impress.
Ex. ulolcu ushaya otalaxini, you are peg-
ging away at a rock — as when seeking to
move or get something out of a hard-beaded
person.

i(li)-Tama (Thama), n. (C.N.) -= i(li)-Tamo.

TA

um-Tama (Thama), v. 5

mo.

Tama tama, ukuti (ukuthi;

masa.
Tamasa (s. t.), r. Enjoy life,

dance of the good thmes o

609

TA

(C.N.) = um-Ta-

8. t.), V.

have
life,

j//' ally as to eating and drinking
r^ ta.ha.ij a

= ta-

abun-
especi-

hiisii,

tabaya, tubuya [Ga. tamiza, make one
drunk],

Tamba (Thambha), V. Be or become soft
(in any sense), as a ripe peach, or fea-
ther-cushion; be or become supple, not
rigid, as a hide, green switch, or piece
of tin; be or become soft of character,
tamed down, mild, as a person or ani-
mal of a previously wild disposition; be
or become readily impressionable, quick-
ly taking in, as the mind (i-Kanda) of
a sharp boy ; be soft of body, enervated,
limp, from strengthlessness; be of a
feeble, unenergetic nature, in one's work
or actions — used in pert*, in all senses
[Skr. clam, be tamed ; Gr. dameo, I tame;
Sw. tamu, soft; Her. tumba, soften].

Tamba (Tambha), v. Dance in the manner

of Christian Natives (N) [? Eng. dance

or stamp],
Tambalala, ukuti (Thd mbhalala, ukuthi), v.

= ukuti ja.
Tambalala (Thambhalala), v. = ukuti ja.
Ex. uloku etambalalisile imilenxe, he is

just all along sitting with liis logs stretched

out i. e. idle, indolent.

Tambalaza (Thambhalaza),v. = ukuti j a.
Tambalazi, ukuti (Thdmbhalazi, ukuthi), v.
= ukuti ja.

Tambama (Thambhama), v. Slant off,
decline — used of the sun soon after
mid-day.

ama-Tambama (Thambhama — no sing.,),
n. Early afternoon, at about two
o'clock and previous to the i-nTamba-
ma.

Ex. seli'matambama, it (the sun) is now
ou the 'slants' i.e. it is already past noou.

i-nTambama (Tambhama loc. e-nTa-
mbama), n. Afternoon, i. e. at about
three or four o'clock.

um-Tambane (Thambhane), n. ». Veldt-
herb (Stephania hernandcefolia), whose
roots are used as a clyster for clearing
a child of the ama-S'ebc/c.

Tambe, ukuti (Thambe, ukuthi), v. Be

slightly inclined, slanting, or sloping, as
a picture on a wall, or a hill; make be
so slanting or sloping.
Tambeka (Thambheka), r. Slant, be in-
clined to one side, as a plank leaning
or a beer-pot standing awkwardly ;

slope, as a hillside I us.-. ( in perf.) [Ga.

kotamka, incline; Ang. beteka, Incline].
um-Tambeka ( Thambheka), n. 6. Slop.-, .,i
any description, as on a hillside

Tambisa (Thambhisa), v. Soften, as bread

(ace.) by BOaking it; make supple, :i
skin; brine op tame down, make mild,
as an unruly person or animal.
i-nTambiso (Tambhiso), n. Certain climb-
ing-planl ( irmPindiso) used medici-
nally, for .liest complaints; any medi-
cine, words, etc., used for tin- purp

of BOOthing down.
i(li)-Tambo (Thambho), n. Bone; small

white bead or beads (collect. ep.

i(li)-Pohlo)\ hatred against a person bo
as to be capable of cursing him (only
as below) [\\w. e-tupa, bom-; Sw. rupa\
Ga. gumba\ MZT. i-fua\ I>i. innam\

Manib. nepo \ At. ita\ Malg. ta<dfi.na\.

l'hi'. ngifuna inkomo e'matambo, I want a
beast that is hones, /. < . a real live animal,
no mere promising or talking — ami
used metaphor, of anything .-I--.

unetambo lo'mntwana, tin- child grows
tall, has a disposition t<> become lanky
isi-Tombo ).

(itambo) el'ahlul'impisi, the hone that
beats the byoeoa i.e. at the nape of the
neck, the atlas <>r first vertebra, which i»
very hard.

itambo lentlali, a gristly bone, such as
forms the joints ol the ribs at the chest

itambo lomlenze, femur or thigh-bone.

itambo elifupi, the short bone i.e. the
humerus of the arm, or the femur of the
leg.

uBani unetambo kitina, Efo-and-so has
hatred against us, we are to him 'tambo
la'nyoka, hlab'omxondayo ! (bone <>t :i Bnake,

pierce bim whom thou
curse l. See i(li)-Zoeo.
i-nTambo (Tambho), n.

haicst! — a form of
Native Btring, as

made of fibre, tendon, etc.; hence,

thread, cod. reim, etc, generally [Sw.
kamba, rope; Ga. kitimba, net).
um-Tambo (Thambho), n. ■'>. Vein, artery,
of the body; rib, of a leaf mostly
used of the stalky ribs of dry tobai
leaves which are extracted in snut'i-
making; Btring or fibre, as in the flesh
of a stringy Bweet-potato ^r pumpkin;

sometimes applied to long thin under-
sized sweet-potatoes generally, 'mere
strings'.

Phr. uku-nquma umtambo, \<< cut the
Btring at the underparl of the foreskin, as
Zulu hoys have been accustomed to do
(since the abolition of circumcision I in
order to allow the glans to project.
u(lu)-Tambo (Thambho), n. n(ln)-Ti/ii-

39

TA

610

TA

ko; (C.N.) snare for birds, made with
sinews.

Tame, ukuti (Thame, itkuthi),v. Bask a
bit in the sun.

Tamela (Thamela), v. Bask in the sun
(ace.).
Ex. ngitamele ilanga, I am basking or

enjoying the warmth of the sun, as when
sitting or lying in the sunshine.

i(li)-Tamo (Thamo), n. Mouthful, of any

liquid (see 11m -Tamo); habit of exag-
gerating, making a 'mouthful' out of
anything, exaggeration in one's talk
(= i(li)-IIaba); also — isi-Tumbanja;
(C.N.) a single billow, washing up on
the shore [cp. isi-Tamo].

Ex. umfula unctamo, the river is fullish,
lias a good quantity of water.

uBiuii unetamo, So-and-so exaggerates,
makes mountains out of mole-hills.

uku-hlaba ifn>/i<>, to take a mouthful (of
drink).
i-nTamo (s.t.),n. Neck = um-Qala.

isi-Tamo (Thamo), n. Cheek (= isi-Hlati);
also = isi-Tumbanja |Ga. tama, cheek;
Her. otyi-tama; Reg. ma-tama].

urn-Tamo (Thamo), n. 5. Mouthful, of solid
food. Cp. i(li)-Tamo [cp. isi-Tamo ; Her.
otyi-tau, morsel].

Phr. babe umtamo (abant/t), they were a
good number.

Tamunda (Thamunda), v. = qamunda.

i(li)-Tamuza (s.t.),n. Person with a soft,
sleek, prime-conditioned body = i(li)-
Sh amuza ; i(li) - Tu b esi.

Tana (Thana), v. reciproc. form of ukti-ti.

Tana (Thana), imperat. mood of uku-ti =
do so (as indicated) slightly, as move
or shift a little, etc.

Tana (s. t.), v. = dada.

u-Tana (s. (.), n. used only in vocative to
children, like u-Tate.

i(li)-Tana or Tane (s.t.),n. Slovenly, care-
lessly indifferent, lazy-mannered person,
as evidenced in his dress, work, or room.

i-nTana (s. t.), n. Certain climbing plant,
used for binding on assegai-blades, and
commonly used by children as a wreath
for entwining round their head and
bodies; hence, generally, any such wreath,
garland, as used for Christmas decora-
lion = i-Nana.

Tanasa (s. f.), v. = tenesa.

isi-Tanasi (s.t.),n. = isi-Tenesi.

ama-Tanatana (g.t),n. Anything perplex-
ing by its vastness of quantity or
number, as several works on hand at
once, or a un-at supply of various kinds

of food so that one really doesn't know
what to select, etc.

uku-Tanatana (Thdnathana), n. A little
thing, little bit of property of any kind
= ubu-Ntazantazana.

Ex. ukutanatana kivako kwencwadi ukupi-
we uba? by whom were you given (this) nice
little book-thing of yours ?

ngisaya 'kutata ukutanatana kwantilapa-Qja,
I am just going to get a little thing of mine
over there.

Tanazela (s. t.), v. Go, or do, in an indol-
ent, slothful, concernless manner. Cp.
i(Ii)-Tana.

Tanda (Thaanda), v. Like, a person (ace.)
or thing; like with affection, love; like
with desire, will, wish, prefer; like with
appreciation, value, esteem, care for
[Skr. van, kam, love; Hi. chahna; Ar.
habb; Lat. amor; L. Cong, tonda; Bo.
kunda; Sw. penda, taka; Kag. tama;
Go. wenda; Kanib. enda; Her. vanya,
tyata; MZT. yanda; Su. rata; Mai.
hendak, to wish].

Ex. uyaliiflka enyasatawli Vuto, he will
arrive quite sick of it, having had quite
enough of it, as from fatigue, much quarrel-
ling, etc.

' iin/taiic/a-m'?' ' ngiyamtanda ubuso bake,'
'what do you like in him?' 'I like him for
his face. '

sclmtancVitkuba ngihambe, it now wishes
(i.e. I have a feeling of desire) to go.

Tanda (Thanda), v. Wind round, as a
string (ace.) round a stick (loc.) — see
tandela.

um-Tanda (Thanda), n. 5. (C.N.) = um-
Pandu.

Tandabuza (Thandabuza), v. = dandabuza.

i-nTandane (s.t.),n. Child without father
or mother, or both = i-nKedama.

izi-Tandani (Thaandani), n. Great lovers,
as two companions; often used ironically
of people who detest one another.

Ex. awul ixitandani exilcuhi lexd! oh!

great lovers are those i.e. they hate each
other like death.

isi-Tandatu (Thandathu), n. Six = isi-Tupa
[Com. tandaru; Go. Suk. etc. tandatu;
Bo. Ze. etc. mtandatu; Li. Kond. etc.
in tanda; Aug. samanu].

Tande, ukuti (Thande, ukuthi),v. = tandela.

TSndeka (Thaandeka), v. Be lovable, de-
sirable; get loved, desired, etc. — see
tanda.

Tandekisa (Thaandekisa), v. Make loved,
liked, etc.

Ex. uku-xi-tandekisa, to make oneself liked,

please, as a servant his master (with ku).

climbing plant,
Native smithy

A

TA

Tandela (Thandela), n. Wind a thing (arc.)
round something (with loc. or feu); en-
twine itself round, as a creeper round
a tree (loc. or ku); climb windingly up
or by, as a creeper by means of a post
(with nga) <>r network; climb up over
a person (with ku), i.e. turn upon or
fire up at him with violent words (=
kwela). Cp. nqwamba [Bo. tanda, en-
twine; Sw. pinda; Her. zenga],

i-nTandela (s.t),n. Any
creeper.

isi-Tando (Thaando), n.
(= i(li)-Beto. Cp. i-Ningo\ i(li)-Lala\
um-Tonga); tobacco plantation.

i-nTando (Taando),n. Love-charm used
by women to secure their husband's
favour; liking, desire, will, choice (=
u(lu)-Tando ).

Ex. bay'enxa ngentando yabo, they do as
they choose, of their own free will.

N.B, In the preparation of such a philter
as above, besides several plants, the fat of
the i-nKarnbapant$i and the um-Kotetsheni
is a potent ingredient !

um-Tando (Thando), n.5. A single entwin-
ing or binding round, as of the thatch-
ing-string round the roof-wattles, or the
string bound round an assegai-blade to
fix it, etc.; material used for such a
purpose.

u(lu)-Tando (Thaando), n. Liking, desire
(= i-nTando ); affection, love. See tanda.

i-nTandokazi (Taandokazi), n. Favourite
wife, of any man = i-nJolikazi.

Tanduluka (Thanduluka), v. Get unwound,
as below.

Tandulula (Thand 'alula), v. Unwind, as
string (ace.) from round a stick; undo
the whole course or 'string' of an affair,
tell it all out openly = ukuti tanduluzi.
Cp. tandela.

Tanduluza (Thanduluza), v. = tandulula.

Tanduluzi, ukuti (Thdndulusi, ukuthi),v.=
tandulula.

i(li)-Tane (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Tana\ also, bees-
comb, containing eggs of young bees
(= i(li)-Kekehu lamaqanda).

Taneka or Tanataneka (s. t.; s. k.), v. = du-
de Int.

i(li)-Tanga (Thanga), n. Pumpkin ( i.e. the
fruit), of any kind. See u(lu)-Tanga;
i(ii)-Puzi [Her. etanga, water-melon;
Sw. tango, cucumber; MZT. i-tanga,
pumpkin].

T(ii)-Tanga (Thaanga, with long i the voice
is lowered at the end of the wordj, u.
New kraal still in process of building,
with merely 'makeshift' huts; hence.

611 TA

temporary premises ; a ' make bift ' <-a t il<*-
kr.ial i.e. one erected for any particular
reason (temporary or enduring) a
From the residential kraal, as in ■
cattle-diseiise, in expectation "t a raid,
or for private convenience used in
both senses indiscriminately in tie- -in. ,
or plu r. irNtlontlo [Bo. /'//"/". coun-
try, veldt ; Sak. iilamju, hul ; Bfob. tang).
Ex. busiddi -. i i matangi i ni), they

are still living in temporary <>r makeshift hut-.
i(li)-Tanga (Thaanga the voice is raised

;it the end of the word/ u. Thigh I. 0.

the upper broad pari of the !• all
round. Cp. i(li)-Tsweba.

Ex.mbekee)natangeni, place him in your lap.
i-nTanga (s.t.),n. Age- only used in an

indefinite general way, when c paring

the age or degree of maturity of one
person with another; set (collect.) i.e.
all those of one's own age; man'- ( mar-
ried or unmarried) private hut, not oc-
cupied by any particular wife or family
(= i(li)-'Luwu). Cp. U-Wetu [l.at. a,
age; Her. tonga, to be tall; Sw. tambo,
tall man; tangu zamani, long ago].

Ex. uy'tntanga yami, y'ini? i- he then my
degree of maturity, i.e. my equal in ag<

si'ntanga'nye nayi , we are of the Bame age.

ungalwi nengane; uhoe nentanga yako,
don't tight with a child; fight with unci
your own age, your own Bet

Phr. /it"-;/" entangeni, to ii-> into the bus-
baud's private hut — used euphemistical I) • •i
the periodical visit of each of bis wive- for
sexual purposes uku-ya elateini.
isi-Tanga (Thaanga), u. The thigh-part of
the legs (only used as below, and .
in the plur.). See i(li)-Tanga.

Ex. bahlexi b'elekile for b'elakanyisile) ixi-
tanga, they sit with their thighs or knees
overlapping as two young people wooing
or talking confidentially.

babehlala ngami ixitanga, they were Bitting
thigh-wise en my account, i.e. they were
sitting together talking confidentially with
one another about mi' I ol course, in a hud

sen •

Idrihi. ir'uh ixitanga, -it having built

the thighs, having them 'hanging <'\<r'

above, i.e. -it cross-legged, like a lurk.
u(lu)-Tanga (Thanga), u- Whole plant

pumpkin; < with plur.) seed or pip

the same. Cp. i(/i)-Tau:/a.
um-Tangala (Thangala), n. 5. Stone-wall

surrounding a cattle-fold, such a- are

built up-country. Cp. u(lu)-Tango.
isi-Tangamu (Thangamu), n. ui-Celu.
I i-nTangana (8.L), n. dim. <<\' i-nTanga ; hence

i collect.), young folk, male or female.

up
as

of

of

TA 61

Ex. hts'entanganeni, it is in the young-
people's hut j. e. where the boys or girls sleep.

Tangasa (s. t.), v. = ntangasa.

Tangata (Thangatha), v. = tungata.

i(li)-Tangazane (Thangazane), n. Fruit of
the plant below.

u(lu)-Tangazane (Tliangazane), n. Running
plant (Luffa sphcerica), bearing a small
round hairy fruit eaten by children, and
whoso roots are used for scrofula. Cp.
u(lu)-Selwalemamba; i(li)-Sendelenja.

um-Tango (Thango), n. 5. Lot of things
piled up one above the other, a pile, as
of blankets, bricks, etc. ( cp. i-Nqwaba);
(C.N.) = um-Ncele [Sw. pang 'any a, pile;
Ga. nganya, collect together].

Phr. ixingubo tetu zi'mtango munye, our
blankets are of one pile or collection, i. e. are
of the same set or kind (as to pattern, col-
our, etc.).

ulcus ibelcelele umtango, let him pile them
I the bricks) together, one on the other (not
merely thrown together in a heap).

u(lu)-Tango (Thango), n. Fence, of close-
packed stakes, wattled branches, etc.,
surrounding a kraal or cattle-fold ; hedge,
of growing plants and surrounding an
enclosure. Cp. um-Tangala [O. Ic. tun,
hedge; Reg. ki-angu; Sw. ki-talu].

Tanqa, ukuti (Thanqa, ukuthi), v. Re close-
ly packed, dense, thick, as people in
a hut, a thick mist, a strong smell (good
or bad) (= ukuti ngci); drop down from
above (i?it?'ans.), fall down bodily, as a
boot from a shelf or a vessel from a
table (whether bi'eaking or not) (= ta-
nqazeka, twanqazeka); make so to drop
or fall, throw down bodily, as one might
a burden (ace.) or a man (= tanqaza,
tiranqaza, tikuti zwi).

Ex. wamuti tanqa pantsi, he threw him
down, as one might an infant or a strong
man another when fighting.

Tanqaza (Thanqaza), v. = ukuti tanqa.

Tanqazeka (Thanqazeka), v. = ukuti tanqa.

Tanqu, ukuti (Thdnqu, ukuthi), v. Emerge
or come out from into view suddenly or
all at once, as a man from a bush or
room, or the sun rising.

Tantala, ukuti (Thdntala, ukuthi), v. Re in
flood i.e. either bank-full, or overflowed,
as a river. Cp. ukuti talala; ama-Ta-
ntala.

ama-Tantala (Thantala — no singj, n. =

a in a -< '<t it <-ii hi .

Tantalala, ukuti (Thdntalala, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti tantala.

Tantalaza (Thantalaza), v. Go out of the

course, go off wrong, go off aside or

2 TA

beside the mark, miss, as a traveller
going off from the correct course by a
mistaken path, or a missile (not used
of the thrower) when thrown going off
from, i. e. missing, the mark = ukuti
tantalazi. Cp. papalaza.

Ex. ngnbabnna betantnlaza nifeya Icu'Fu-
undhlu, I saw them going off' (i.e. away
from their course) by the path leading to
Fuzindhlu's.

Tantalazi, ukuti (Ihdntalazi, ukuthi), v. —

tantalaza.
Tantasa (Thantasa), v. Pain in a sharp

'catching' manner so as to make fearful

of movement, as a stitch or neuralgic

spasm in the bowels or side.

Tantaseka (Thantaseka), v. Re or get pain-
ed or afflicted with a sharp 'catching'
pain, as above (used in pert*.).

Tantata (Thantatha), v. Re master of, have
or get the upper-hand with, be 'cock'
over, as one boy over others (ace. or
with ku) of his neighbourhood, a child
over its mother, or a bull over all the
herd (=tontota, qoqoda); go wandering
about, 'quite at home, without any fear',
among the kraals, as a man looking
about for a beer-drink, or merely taking
a walk (cp.iitanta, tungata). Cp. ncinta.

um-Tantato (Thantatho), n. 5. Very narrow
path or causeway running between two
descending or dangerous places, as a
narrow road with a deep precipice, or
river-ford with a deep pool, on each side.
Cp. um-Dhla?idhlati.

um-Tantazana (Thantazana), n. 5. = urn-
Dudukazana.

um-Tanti (Thanti), n. 5. One who, through
his abilities or pushfulness, associates
with those above his class or age, as a
small boy mixing freely with his elders,
or an able young-man associating with
the izinduna.

um-Tantikazi (Thantikazi), n. 5. A female
um-Tanti (as above) — applied mainly
to a young heifer ready for and already
freely associating with the bulls. Cp.
um-Dudukazana.

i-nTaniiya, n. — see i-Ntantiya.

Tantsabula (Thantsabula), v. = dantsula.

i-nTantselana, n. — see i-Ntantselana.

i(li)-Tantsi (Thantsi), n. Certain broad flat
sea-fish (N).

Tantsu, ukuti (Thantsu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
pantsu.

Tantsula (Thantsida), v. = pantsula.

Tanu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. -.- ukuti rranu%

Tanula (s.t.),v. = rranula.

TA

to-

Tanya tanya, ukuti (ukuthi; .:.!.), v.
nynza.

Tanya tanya, ukuti (Thanya thanya, uku

I hi), v. = tanyaza.
i(li)-Tanyatanya (s. f.),n. = i-uTanyantanyn.

i-nTanyantanya (s.t),n. Anything smoothly-
soft or tender to the touch, teeth, etc.,
of a finely doughy, pulpy nature, as a
ripe peach, raw meat (mostly used of
meat tender in the eating), rich honey-
comb, finely mashed bean-pottage. Cp.
i-nTwanyantwanya; i-mPotompoto ; i-
mFotomfoto.

Tanyaza (s. t.; sometimes Thanyaza), v.
Press or feel with the fingers, teeth, etc.,
anything (ace.) of the nature of an i-nTa-
nyantanya, as above; hence, eal any
such food (ace). Cp. twanyaza ; poloza;
fotoza.

i(li)-Tanyaza (s. L; sometimes Thanyaza), n.
= i-nTanyantanya.

Tanyazeka (s. t.; sometimes Thanyazeka), v.
Get softly pressed or eaten, as above
see tanyaza; hence, be of such a softly
pressable, tender nature; have or enjoy
an easy comfortable berth, as a girl
marrying into a wealthy family (= neke-
ndeka).

Tanyazela (s. t. ; sometimes Thanyazela),v.
Go softly, shakingly along, like a great
lender mass, as a big fat man or woman.

i(li)-Tanzana (Thanzana), n. dim. of follow-
ing.

i(li)-Tanzi (Thanzi), n. A fair, fairly-good,
or medium quantity of anything (not
much and not little), whether liquid or
solid, as of mealies, water, or snuff.

Tapa (Thapha), v. Take out or from by a
clutching with the hands, as it were in
great lumps or armfuls, as when remov-
ing thatch (ace.) bundle-wise from an
old hut, goods from a loaded wagon,
clay or honey-comb from a hole, or
sugar from a sack; take hold of, take
or gather up (with the foot or open
hand), sometimes even simply touch or
feel, anything (ace.) of a soft, offensive
nature, like a lump of dung, a worm
or snake, as one might with his foot
when walking at night-time, or with the
hand when laying it down in the dark;
take hold of, or take in, with the eyes
( ngamehlo ), as when a person gazes
silently and thoughtfully at some pro-

I ceeding of others; hence, merely gaze
or look at without speaking, as people
in a theatre, or one who, when address-
ed, simply looks at one thoughtfully
without answering; gather green food
(ace.) from the fields for immediate use

TA

t fula ) . be or grow long < a ted in
perl".), ;is hair "ii the head, a tall pi
son, mealies in a field, or hocus mi an
o\ ; (C.N.I smite, strike, as a per
(ace.) with a stick tapuna, tapulula.
Cp. tata.

Ex. kukona into engiyitajn lapa, there is
something | unpleasant I have gathered up
or touched here i with my fool or band |.

besitapa ngamehlo, we were taking it all
in /. e. were looking on silently, tu>
tors i .it the fighl i, not taking pari in it.

uBani utapile ngevinxvpo, So-and-so baa

entsimini ka'Bani kuyatashwa ■■
lull, in Sn-aiid uo'a Geld the Kafir-corn is
simply taken out in masses, in armfuls,
is in great abundance.

u(lu)-Tapana (Thaphana), n. Long

tall person.
Tapiza (Thaphiza), v. I'm on very -mall

cobs, as mealies see below tipiza,

topiza, tipiliza, mpingiza.

isi-Tapiza (Thaphiza), n. Very small
mealie-cob, about the size of one's thumb :
very short person - isi-Tipiza, < ;■!'•>-
piza, isi-Tipilizi.

ubu-Tapiza (Thaphiza), n. Quality of being

as above; the whole lot of such c
regarded collectively.

i(li)-Tapo (Thapho), n. bunch or as much
as can be grasped by both hands, as of
vegetables, medicinal herbs, tobac

See til pit ; I si- I'tni to.

um-Tapo (Thapho), n.5. Deposit, mine, a
'gathering' place generally, from which
clay, red-ochre, or coal may be taken.
See tapa.

Tapuka (Thaphuka), v. Appear in a con-
stant or uninterrupted succession, as a
train of wagons or people, a swarm «>f
locusts, etc. (cp. twitululeka, nduluka,
botuluka, ukuti ntsenene); smell strong-
ly, emit, an odour, as paint, Foeces, or
scmit ( - nvJea for which the word is
often substituted by women when hlo-

nipa'ing. Cp. ukuti tanqa\. Cp. ubu-
Taputapu.
Ex. ngatashukeltoa ipunga elibi, I was

emitted an odour for by a had smell, had a
bad smell arise for me, was Burrounded or
followed after hy a had Bmell.
uyatapuka amaka, she gives off a Bmell

of scent, i. i . she smelN <>t.

Tapuluka (Thaphuluka), v. tapuka; to-

peka.
Tapulula (Thaphulula), v. f<ij><i; take

out of or rescue front danger, difficulty,
want, etc, as one might a person (a<

TA

or crops partially blown down by wind
= tatulula, tapa.

Tapuluza (s.t.; s.p.),v. = tapuna (s.t.).

Tapuna (Tliaphuna),v. Take out, or take
up, anything (ace.) by grasping with both
hands,' as clay from the ground, thatch
from a roof, etc.; clutch about at a per-
son's body when fighting with him =
tapa. Cp. capuna.

Tapuna (s.t; s.p.),v. Take out, take up,
by a grasping with the fingers, anything
( ace) of a soft nature, as cowdnng,
clay, etc.; take up (metaphor.), touch,
feel, tread on, handle, any similar thing
(ace), as a snake, worm, lump of filth.
Cp. tapa; twapuna.

Tapunana (s.t.; s. p.), v. Fight, or play,
after the manner of Native women and
children, by a mutual clinching or clutch-
ing of each other's flesh by the fingers
of the whole hand. Cp. i(li)-Pusho.

ama-Tapunana (s. L; s.p. — no sing.,), n. A
clinching or clutching of one another's
flesh, as above.

Tapu tapu, ukuti (Thaphu thaphu, ukuthi),
v. = tapuka; tapuza.

ubu-Taputapu (Thdphuthaphu), n. A con-
stant or uninterrupted succession of
things appearing, as wagon after wagon,
arrival of person after person. See ta-
puka.

Ex. ixinqola sexihamba ubutaputapu, %i-
bange kwa'Zulu, wagons are now going unin-
terruptedly towards Zululand.

Tapuza (s.t.; s.p.), v. Grasp hold of or
clutch with the fingers anything (ace.)
of a soft nature, as the flesh of a per-
son when fighting with him — see tapu-
ii una. Cp. dhlapuna.

Tapuza (Thaphuza), v. Make come along
<>r out in an endless, uninterrupted suc-
cession, as an imBongi does the praises
of his chief (cp. qapuza); pain a person
(ace.) with a continuous gnawing sensa-
tion, as does the stomach when famish-
ed or Doubled with worms. Cp. tapuka.

Taqa, ukuti (Thaqa ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tanqa; also ukuti baca.

Tasa (Thasa), v. = hvasa.

i(li)-Tasa (Thasa), n. = i(li)-Twasa.

Tasi, ukuti (Thhsi, ukuthi), v. — ukuti hla-
si; 'grab up' talcs, scandal, and the like,
overheard in conversation and carry
them about the kraals (= tasiza).

u-Tasi (Tli <i si), n. Gossiping tale-bearer,
reporting about whatever he sees or
hears in private contact with others =
i-uTateli, i(li)-Tolela. Cp. tim-Zekeci.

i-nTasika or Tasike, n. — see i-Ntasika.

614 TA

Tasila (Thasila), v. = hlasila.

Tasisela (Thasisela), v. = engezela.

Tasiza (Thasiza), v. = ukuti tasi.

Tata (Thatha), v. Take ; get ; receive ; take
off, as the wind or sudden impulse; get
hold of, catch, as a man a disease (ace.)
or a dog a buck (cp. bamba); take to
wife, marry, as a man a girl (ace.) ; take,
engage, as an advocate or doctor (ace.) ;
start, take up, begin, as in commencing
to sing or dance, or a narrative at a
certain point, or at a certain spot when
hoeing [Ar. khad, take; O. I. tallaim,
I take away; Lat. tollo, tuli, latum,

take away; capio, I take; MZT. jata,
catch; Sw. Bo. pata, get; Sw. twaa,
take; Sen. kuata; Her. tuara; Ze.
igara; Kwaf. etanaba; Go. togula],

Phr. uku-tata pautsi, to take up from be-
low i. e. from the beginning, as when relating
an affair.

itku-yi-tata umngqaka, to take a thing off
at a snatch *'. e. at a siugle sharp stroke, as
a buck with an assegai or bird with a stone.

uku-tata hiyawo, to move one's feet, i. e.
get along or be off smartly.

uku-tata isisu, to conceive, commence to
show pregnancy.

watatwa intliziyo, he was taken off (or
led away) by the heart (i.e. impulse or
emotion ).

umfana lo utatile, this boy is (or has be-
come) pert, forward, 'cheeky'. See i(li)-Tata.

indldala itata os'aunyanyo, impose cmsa-
mo, os'emsamo impose emnyango, a famine
(or any other misfortune, as war, death, etc.,
common to all mankind) takes the one sit-
ting at the door and throws him to the back
of the hut (the comfortable place), and the
one at the back of the hut it throws towards
the door (the inferior position) = all are
alike subject to the vicissitudes of this life;
to-day the one is favoured, to-morrow it is
taken from him and given to another. See
i-u Tende.
i(li) or ama-Taia (s.t.),n. .Nervous hasti-
ness or flurry, impetuousness, when
doing or desiring anything, as common
with nervous people, or one over-eager
to do (used with na). Cp. i(li)-Putu;
ama-Wala; tatazela; ama-Teza?ie.

i(li)-Tata (Thatha), n. Foi-ward, pert,
'cheeky' person (= i-Mpabazane; see
tata); barbed assegai (i.e. blade there-
of) with the blades going out at a broad
angle (cp. i-nTlendhla) ; hence, mous-
tache of a man when flowing off long
on both sides; body of a person about
the pubic arch when appearing con-
spicuously broad through famine and
emaciation of the flesh about the thighs

TA 61

and pelvis, and so making him appear
as though standing on stilts (used as
nounal adjective and sometimes in plur.);
person with such body; (in plur.) heavy
folds of flesh (= ama-Lebe) growing
alongside the vulva feminas when hang-
ing loosely apart — from resemblance to
the barbed blade above (used with na).

Ex. u'matata Wmfana this boy is propped

tip on stilts, i.e. is wasted away, emaciated,
about the pelvis.

isi-Tata (Thatha), n. Unusually smart,
clever person, as a great umtakati, or
skilled doctor.

urn-Tata (Thatha), n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Tate.

um-Tata (s. t.), n. 5. Lagoon, large pool or
marsh of salt water, such as arc found
near the sea-coast from overflow of the
sea, etc.; salty, brackish water of such
places, or of the sea itself.

Phr. emTateni, in the Lagoon or Inner
Hay ( of Durban). Cp. i(li)-Bobela.

Tatabuka (s. L; s. k.), v. Act or go along very
slowly, as when rising from one's seat,
walking as an old or infirm person, or
(metaphor.) at one's work = tatamuka,
totoba.

Tatabula (Thathabula),v. = qaqabula.

Tatabuleka (s.t.; s.k.),v. — tatabuka.

i-nTata-bulembu (Tathabulembhu),n. Con-
ferva' or slimy moss-like vegetation
covering stagnant water (= ubu-Lembu) ;
fabulous being supposed to dwell in
pools overgrown by such (= t-Nana-
bahule) and credited with the benevol-
ent practice of making presents of cloth-
ing to children who might come to ask
for them; Whiteman, so called either
from his habit of covering himself round
with clothing, or from his original prac-
tice of appearing in Zululand as a dis-
tributor of blankets and the like.

Tatama (s. t.),v. Spring, or hop about, first
here then there (not straight forward
as a frog), as a flea when being caught,
or a restless child continually shifting
its place in a but = cocoma.

Tatamba (Thathambha), v. — qaqamba.

u(lu)Tatambe (Thathambhe), n. Used in
phrase uTatambe lokusa, the first light
of the morning (but only in nursery
tales) (C.N.). See um-Tende.

u(lu)-Tatamela (Thathamela), n. Stiff-bod-
ied, straight-standing person (gen. tall),
as a military man (— u(lu)-Qanqashi-
ya); any long, stiff, rigid thing, as a
stiff corpse, or dry hide.

Ex. umuntu ofileyo afingqwe esashim,
angax'abe utatamela, a dead person should

5 TA

1"' l"Mil up while still warm. so that be inav

not become a long rigid thing.
Tatamisa (a. t), v. Bear in the hand- ( whe-
ther carrying, taking up or Betting
down ) in a careful, concerned, anxl
manner, as anything (ace) of a heavy,
awkward, or fragile nature, as when
carrying a sick person, a trayful of
cups, a pot brim-full of beer, or a heavy
coil of wire.

Tatamiseka (s.t.; 8.k.),v. Be of a nature
such as requires careful carrying, ■■■■ he-
ther by reason of greal weight, Fragility

or awkwardness, as above.

Tatamuka (s.t; 8.k.),v. - tatabuka.

Tatana (Thathana), v. Take one another
in marriage; intermarry.

Ex. sebeyatatana, they are already inter-
marrying ias the members of two -- - t i. .i,^

of the same clan |.

ama-Tatana (Thathana), n. dim. plur. of
i(li)-Tata.

Ta ta ta, ukuti (ukuthi; 8.t.),v. Take a
few hurried steps, trip briskly along,
a person moved by a strong purgative.

i(li)-Tatata (s.t.),n. A nervous, habitually
flurried person, who loses his presence
of mind or coolness of manner upon
the slightest mental disturbance.
tatazela; ama-Mpampampa.

i(li)-Tatata (Thathatha), ». A nervous,
frightened child or person, who 'scamp-
ers off at the first sight of danger.
See tatazela.

u(lu)-Tatawe (Thathawe), n. Certain thorny
bush, with a straggling growth like ihe
Mauritius Thorn and used medicinally
for nose-bleeding u(lu)-Bobo. Cp.

u(lu)-Sondelangange.

Tatazela (s.t.), v. He in a nervous flurry,
as one who has lost his presence of
mind; do anything in such a nervously
flurried manner. Cp. mpampaza; wa-
lazela.

Ex. kungavela ingoxi, bast
there may occur some accident, and they
just lose their heads.

Tatazela (Thathazela), v. Scamper off, as
a child running on on the mere Bighl
of a horseman approaching, or a n«T-
vous person when Beared. See i(li)-Ta-
tata.

u-Tate (s. /.).>/. Mostly used in the voca-
tive as a coaxing word for a little girl-
child, or coaxingly by one female to
another. Cp. Tana, namana.

i-nTate (Tathe), n. isuTate.

isi-Tate (Thathe), ». Oxalis, of which tin re
are two varieties one {Ox. semiloba)

TA

616

TE

having acid clover-like leaves and a
juicy transparent edible root, called u-
Nomngcangiyana or um-Swempe (=
N. isi-Nungu)', another with a similar
though smaller leaf and of a spreading
habit, and bearing no edible root, but
non-edible seed-pods = i-nTate.

urn -Tate (That fie), n. 5. Mealie grain or
grains (collect.), when crisply dry and
fresh, not yet tainted by the earth-pit
= urn-Tata.

Ex. sitanda ummbiia onuka imitate Una,
we like mealies smelling fresh and crisp, we
do (not those smelling damp from the pit).

urn -Tate (Thaathe), n. 5. Sneezewood tree
(Pteroxylon utile) (C.N.) = u(lu)-Tate.
X.B. A torch made of the bark-fibre of
the sneezewood tree mixed with python fat,
i* used by a Native 'doctor' for discovering
an evil-doer in a kraal. He thrusts it, while
>till alight, upon the bare body of each
separate inmate; he who has been guilty of
takata will get burnt, the others will feel
nothing! Further, a man marrying the wife
vl' his deceased brother (see ngena), first
treats himself by applying the flame of this
wood to various parts of his body; by this
he fortifies himself against certain diseases
he might otherwise contract by connection
with her!

u(lu)-Tate (Thaathe), n. Sneezewood tree
(Pteroxylon utile) = um-Tate.

Tateka (Thatheka), v. Be or get taken, etc.
— see lata.

Ex. lapo abantu betatekile ubutoiiyo, then
when people have been carried away by sleep.
i. r. when they are in profound sleep, fast
asleep.

Tatela (Thathela).v. Start off, take up,
begin, as when commencing a dance,
starting to hoe from a certain place, or
taking up a narrative at any given
point; set off, be off, as hounds on the
scent, an impi making an onrush, or
a man 'making off or running away;
go far round, be circuitous, as a round-
about path, or a person relating an affair
in a roundabout way.

Ex. uku-tatela kuleso'sikati, from that time.
anoti uma ng'ehlisa isaitdhla, nitatele ka-
nye, when I lower my hand, you shall start
off all together.

i-nTateli (Tatheli), n. = u-Tasi.

Tat'isitupa (Thath'isithupha), adj. Six =
isi-Ti/pa.

Tatiyane, ukuti (Thdthiyane, ukuthi), v.
Take off or away with sudden ease, as
any small article (ace.) by the hand.

Tatu (Thathu), adj. Three [Skr. tri, tra-

yas; Ar. telat; Sw. Ang. Cong. etc. tatu;

Com. taru; Ni. ntahu; Fe. ita; Fu. tan;

Mor. na; Sa. biata; Ba. issalu; Bar.

mussala; Ibo. ato; Ef. ita],

Ex. abafana abatatu (thathu), three boys.
ixindhhc exdntatu (tat/iu), three huts,
isi or ubu-Tatu (Thathu), n. Three; the

third place.

Ex. umuntu wesitatu, the person of the

third place i.e. the third person.
Tatulula (s.t.),v. = tapulula; tapa; (C.N.)

settle a difficult business.
Tat'utupa (Thath uthupha), adj. Six = isi-

Tupa.
Tawuzela (s. L), v. Be fat and glossy, sleek,

as a young person or cow = caca.

Taxa, ukuti (Thdxa, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tivaxa.

Taxabula (Thaxabula), v. Deal a person
(ace.) a cut or swipe with any flexible
instrument, as a whip, switch, or sham-
bok. Cp. bambabula; dantsula.

Taxu taxu, ukuti (Thdxu thdxu, ukuthi), v.
Make the peculiar flapping noise of a
wet skin, isidivaba, or other garment,
when striking together = ukuti tixa.

Taxuzela (Thaxuzela), v. Go 'flapping'
along, as a woman whose leathern kilt
is wet through = tixazela.

um-Tayi (Thayi),n. 5. Great abundance of
anything, as of beer (= ama-Baka),
crops, etc.; big, fully-stuffed mouthful
(only in children's play).

Ex. umtayi kiCBani icokufa, there is an
immense deal of sickness in So-and-so's kraal.
aku'mabele; umtayi, it isn't corn; it's real
heaps.

Tayi tayi, ukuti (Thdyi thdyi, ukuthi), v. =
tayiza.

isi-Tayitayi (Thayithayi), n. A troublesome
beggar, one who has the offensive habit
of incessantly asking for gifts.

Tayiza (Thayiza), v. Beg, or ask gifts,
incessantly or habitually — so that the
action become mean and offensive.

Tazabula (Thazabula), v. Cry piercingly,
shriek, as a woman in distress = tente-
bula.

i(li)-Tazana (Thazana), n. (C.N.) == i(li)-
Tanzana.

Te, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. Be dripping wet,
as a garment drawn out of the water,
or a person with rain, or firewood when
quite green = ukuti teke, ukuti ci, ukuti
jo.

Te, ukuti (The, ukuthi), v. Cease, or make
cease, altogether, thoroughly.

TE

617

TE

he lias now put
him ( i. e. on his

single

fulp

Kx. N.s'rii/pr'.r, iruiiiiili lr

a Gomplete <>r final Btop on

had conduct I.

i(li)-Te (The), n. (in sing.)
or swallowing of spittle (onlywusecl as
below); (in plur.) ama-Te, spittle, sali-
va, or mouth secretion (generally);
hence, venom of snakes (= isi-Hlungu).
Cp isi-Kohlela [Sw. mate, spittle; Her.
otna-te],

Phr. uku-hlaba ilc ku'muntu, to taste plea-
sure, experience satisfaction with, comfort
in, as a mother in a good dutiful child.

uku-hilwa ilc, to he choked by 'a spittle',
as when a swallowing thereof enters the
windpipe, or when speaking rapidly with
excitement.

loko hasikvminxeli 'mate, we don't feel
pleased with that, are not satisfied with it,
do not relish it, as an inferior the arbitrary
treatment of his master.

amate-enyoka, spittle formed by certain
insects ( t'roghoppers, etc.) in small collections
on grass-stalks, etc.

amalr enyoka anesihlungu, the spittle of
a snake is venomous.

wnfana-wamate, a glass playing-marble or
' alley '.

antatr empukane — see i-mPukane.

amate nolimi, the spittle and the tongue
— applied to two close, inseparable friends.
See tt-Qicayi.

V. amate abuyele kwa'sifuba, the spittle
has returned to the chest — used by one
who, having experienced pleasure or satis-
faction in a person or hope, afterwards meets
with disappointment or rebuff. Sec above.

Teba (s. t.), v. Waver up and down, sway
to and fro, as a long thin plank or
bundle of grass when carried on the
head = tebezela, tekezela, bekezela, bo-
kozela, ukuti tebe.

Teba (Tebha), v. Show wilful disregard

or indifference for a person (ace.) where

\ respect, etc., were due, as a youth towards

his father (— talasela; cp. bembesela);

y hang low down, in a slovenly fashion,

over the buttocks, as a woman's kilt

or man's hinder-covering (used in

perf.).

Tebe, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.J, v. = teba (s. t).

Tebe, ukuti (T/lcbc, ukuthi), r. ukuti

caba.

i(li)-Tebe (s.t.),u. A feeble, shaking, tot-
tering thing, as a new-born calf.

i(li)-Tebe (Thebe), n. Fruit of tin- i-nTebe
plant = i(li)-Hlukwe, i(li)-Tshobe.

i(li)-Tebe (Thcebe), n. Ilium, or flat
portion, of the hip-bone (os innomina
turn), which is soft and chewable

i(li)-Kusu. < p. i'tnPapa; i/li)~Hlu
i(U)-Qolo.

i(li) Tebe (Tebhe). ,i. Pi of fat < m,

cut anywhere from a slaughtered I-
i(li)-Noni.

i-nTebe (s.t.),n. Arum-lily (Richardia
Africana i. (>. i(ii) i, ;,. ; um-Tebe.

isi-Tebe (Thebe), n. Eating-mat, upon which

the food is laid; (in -one di-tri
small sitting-mal ( isi-Cepu); i
broad mouth [MZT. isi-tibi, shield; Chw.
thepe; Sw. ki-tanga, eating-mat].

Phr. namhla (inkomo) idhli
to-day it i the slaughter* 'I i» a-! I ;- eaten
mat-wise, i.e. formally, in common !•
(which happens on 1 1 * * - day following the
slaughter! n

ushumayele ngoba axaldwa e&itebeni, be
talks so, because he was born upon an
eating-mat, i.e. with the golden Bpoon in

hi- mouth, he ha- never known what it i-
to want.

guga, 'sitebe, kadt wawudhlela amanoni
for, hade udhlela, hade uxidhTindhlttbu na-
makasi ).' grow old. eating-mat! long have
you been eaten from the tat-part- of the
beast or, long have you been eaten from,
long have you been enjoying ground-nut^
and their coverings) your day is over now'
— as might lie -aid to one already grown
old. or tn an old induiia whose day .if
I io\ver is past.

um-Tebe (Thebe — no plurj, n. Leaf with
stalk ( <>r collect, i of tic i-nTebe plant,
also of the i(li)-Dumbi, both of which
are eaten as imifino.

Phr. knlili' umuntu afe
ngomtebt wodwa nje, better is it fur a per-
Mm to die i.i. be killed) having done the
thing thoroughly rati-

fication in the crime . and not for the i,

leaf alone | he having left tin- Dwnbi tub
the best part of the plant, behind i one
might as well he hanged fi'i' killing a sheep
a- a lamb \

Tebekesa (s.t.;s.k.J,v. debesa.
Tebelele, ukuti (Thibelele, ukuthi
ukuti caba.

i-nTebentebe (a. I.), u. Anything capable ,,t
wavering or undulating when shaken,
as a long thin board, sheet of /inc. or
long piece of cardboard. See teba.

Tebesa (s. /.). >•. debesa.

Tebesela (s. >■), >'■ debesa.

u-Tebetebeni (Thebethebeni), ". (C.N.)
u-Matebeni.

Tebezela (s. /.). >•. ukuti tebe, trim.

Tebisa (Tebhisa),V. Wear or put on the
buttock-covering or girdle in a 1"

TE

61

manner, so that it lie low down upon
the posteriors (usedin perf.) = lashaza.
Cp. i(li)-Kexe.

Tebu, ukuti (T'ehhn, ukuthi), v. lie very
red, bright red, or reddish-brown (with
bom viz ).

Tece, or Tece tece, ukuti (Thece, ukuthi), v.
Be of a flabby, vapid, unhealthily soft,
loosely hanging nature, as the fat of an
old woman no longer firm, the flesh of
a pumpkin when going bad, or a wet
isidwaba.

i(li)-Tece (Thece), n. = i(li)-Cece; also i-nTe-
centece.

i-nTecentece (s. t.), n. Thing of a flabby,
unhealthily soft, or loosely hanging na-
ture, as above.

Tecezela (Thecezela), v. Do in a flabby,
vapid way, as above — see ukuti tece;
hence, be flabby, hanging vapidly ; go

in loosely

hanging-

wet

flabbily along

garments, etc.; feel of a flabby, vapid

nature, when touched.

Tefeza (s. t.), v. = debesa.

Tefula (Thefula),v. Be of an jrily, slimy,
greasy nature, so that water and the
like will not adhere, as an oiled body
or fatty pot; make to slide off from
sliminess or slipperiness, as such an
oiled body the water (ace.) thrown on
it, or a greasy tumbler the holder's
ringers; be of inferior kind (in quali-
ty, quantity, etc.), so that the eyes (re-
gard) or the taste (appetite) receives
no attraction but slides off towards
something better, as when two blankets,
persons, dishes of food, etc., are compar-
ed for selecting from; be 'oily, slimy'
of speech applied to those clans (see
i(ii)-Trfnla) along the Zulu coast who
habitually soften the Zinto ay (=yeyesa
— cp. also S\v. habit of omitting l's from
words e. g. zcta — zala, kua = k/tla).

Ex. isUsha lesi siyaiefula; siyatefula isa-
ndhla or (amanxi), this vessel is greasy; it
makes the hand (or water) slip off.

nhiisn bake bubana; buyatefula, his face
18 not very nice ; it has no attraction,
doesn'l make one cling to it.

i(li)-Tefula (Thefula), n. Native who habit-
ually substitutes a y for an / in speech,
as do members of the Zulu coast-clans.
See above.

Teka (Theka), v. Neut-pass. form of ta
and ti.

Ex. m, inn ,i angateka peee, y'ini? can, then,
water get bent; is it, then, bendable?

i-nTekane (g.t.; 8.k.),n. Tallish, slender
young-person with a handsome, deli-
cately-formed body. See i-nTekenteke.

8 TE

Teke, ukuti (ukuthi', s. k.), v. = ukuti te;
also tekezela.

Tekela (s. t. ; s.k.),v. Speak in the Swazi,
Lala or Baca dialect, which abounds in
the t and is sounds [cp. substitution
sometimes in Sw. of t for Zulu z.—e. g.
uta kwenda for uza kuhamba],

Tekela (Thekela), v. Visit a friend or his
kraal (loc. or ku) to beg for a present
of foodstuffs (ace.) or tobacco in time
of famine ; visit sei'iously or danger-
ously, i. e. with intent to take something
away, at might some disease a person's
kraal [Sw. tekelea, arrive at; Ga. tuka;
Her. tnkuruka].

Ex- uleufa sekutekele ku'Bcmi, the sickness
has come down as a visitation on So-and-so
(it threatens to take him off).

Tekeleza (Thekeleza), v. Tie, as a string

, (ace.,) into a knot, or on to a post; tie
up, as a bundle (ace.) with cord (with
nga), or a horse to a tree (cp. bopa);
speak 'tales', i. e. untruths, exagger-
ations, concoctions, about other people or
tilings = shekeleza, tekezela.

Ex. ungitekelexele nje, he has just told
tales of me, or to me.

ama-Tekelezane ( ' Thekelezane— no sing.,),
n. A mutual telling of 'tales', lies, ex-
aggerations, concoctions, as between two
women disputing over a purchase. See
above.

Tekelezi, ukuti (Thc'kelezi, ukuthi), v. Make
a tie, bind slightly. See tekeleza.

isi-Tekeli (Thekeli),n. One who visits a
friend to beg for a supply of food. See
tekela.

um-Tekelikazi (Thekelikazi), n. 1. Name
applied to any married woman and de-
noting that she has now reached the
state when she will have to beg or te-
kela.

Tekence, ukuti (Thckenee, ukuthi), v. Sit
at ease, in any sense, as when a per-
son sets himself down in a comfortable
position, or merely sits at leisure, with
nothing to do. Cp. ukuti nekende.

i-nTekenteke (s.t. ; s.k.), n. Any shaky,
feeble thing, as a new-born calf or deli-
cate person (= i-nTengentenge); boy
or girl of slender build, with handsome
delicate-looking body (— i-nTekane).

i(li)-Tekenya (s. t.; s. k.), n. Jigger-flea, an
itching insect that penetrates the flesh
of the foot, introduced, along with the
name, by East Coast Natives [Sw. te-
kenya, tickle ].

u-Tekete (Thekethe), n. Nervousness, a
trembling fear, as of a very nervous
person: certain medicine that used to

TE

be used originally as below, and so gave
rise to the saying.

I'lir. wagcaba utekete, wateketeka, he inocu-
lated himself with utekete and got teketa'A said
of a person blessed with prosperity, constant
good-fortune, as in matters of sweethearts,
cattle, etc. = uueCe.

i(li-Tekete (Thekethe), n. (C.N.) = i(li)~
Teketeke.

um-Tekete (s.t.; s.k.).n. 5. Any quiver-
ing, shaking thing, as a long slender
board when stood on end, or an old
woman sensitive to cold.

Teketeka (Theketheka), v. from teketa, an
obsolete word — see u-Tekete.

Teke teke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L; s. k.), v. =
tekezela (s. t.).

Teke teke, ukuti (Theke theke, ukuthi), v.
Shake with a trembling motion, as jelly
or any quivering thing = tekezela, tiki-
zela.

i(li)-Teketeke (Thcketheke — sometimes in
plur. ama-Teketeke^, n. Any shaking,
trembling substance, as jelly or a bog
(= i-nmantiki)\ (N) a jelly-fish [Sw.
teketeke, soft].

i(li)-Teketeke (s. t.;s. k.), n. Any wavering,
nervously shaking, tottering thing, as
would tekezela (s. t.).

Tekeza (s. t.; s.k.), v. (C.N.) = tekela (s. t.).

Tekezela (s.L; s.k.), v. Waver about, from
side to side, or up and down, as a long
thin plank stood on end or carried on
the head; shake about, as the hand of
one with palsy or from cold; go
feebly or shakingly, totter, as a new-
born calf or drunken man ; be shaky
and feeble, as the voice of a person cry-
ing = tengezela, dengezela.

Tekezela (Thekezela), v. Quiver, tremble,
as jelly, a fat man walking, or from fear
(= tikizela, ukuti teke teke); also =
tekezela (s. t.).

i(li)-Teku (Theku), n. Alan or beast with
only one testicle (= i(li)-Tekwa) ; see
also Proper Names; (C.N.) open mouth
of a river, lagoon.

u(lu)-Teku (s.t.; 8.k.),n. Joking talk or
behaviour, jesting, fun-making.

Tekula (s. t.; s. k.), v. Joke in talk or be-

Ahaviour, jest, make fun (inoffensively)
— sakala; cp. feketa; fenqa; ntela.
Tekutela (s. t; 8. k.), v. Make fun of a per-
son (ace), make sport with, play jokes
upon (hence, in an offensive sense).
\(\\)-Tek\Na(T//r/.iru),n. = i(li)-Tweka, i(li)-

Teku.
u-Tekwane (Thekwane), n. Hammerhead or

619 TE

Mml Lark (Scopus umbrella), com-
mon about rivers and having a l<
crest floating from behind the head
i hence called (/.» uTekwane <> .>/>//, ,i,
or (N) uTekwane ka riluba) the flesh
and nest of the bird are used for takata
purposes, and its crj in ud to f<

tell pain.

N.B. a- tlii- bird stands by the ri
looking for frog* ;m<l nccasiunally pluming
it- feathers, it is thought to I" ■ i iu

Belf-admiration, ~ . i \- i 1 1 _■ Ngangimuh
Liriiin : ng'oniwQ y'iloku naloku! 1 would be
nice, Tekwane, but am spoilt by 1 1 1 i ~ and
by that!

ubu-Tekwane (Thekwane), n. Bunch of
feathers of any kind worn dangling from
the back of the head by young-men
ubu-Lumbuza.

Tela (Thela), v. Pour, pom- out, as water
(ace.), grain, potatoes, from a vessel or
sack; lie-pour a thing (ace) with water.
rice or other 'showering' thing (with
nga), as flowers with water, or a bridal-
party with rice; hence, besprinkle, be-
spatter, throw over, etc.; pour, sprinkle,
throw a thing (of a pourable or show-
ering nature) into or upon something
else (doub. ace.), as water into a bucket,
potatoes with salt, etc. ; pour forth
bear or be fruitful of < in the sense of
producing a perfected crop, not the
simple putting forth of rudimentary
fruit-berries e hlanza i, a- a tree
bearing fruit (ace.), the soil grain, ••!<•.;
pay tribute or tax (in token of submis-
sion ), as one conquered to the con-
queror; hence, pay hut-tax for a hul
(ace., or ace. with ela form i: pay tribute
metaphor, i. e. give in, tendc"r sub;
sion, surrender, as one thoroughly beaten
in a fight with another; '^ive in' after
having abused one, i.e. seek to soften
down, explain away one's offensive state-
ments, as when regretting them; be
filling up, be slightly swollen, as a river
after a heavy rain (used in Btat perf.);
be slightly filled out, be putting on flesh
< um-Zimba i, as a growing child, or a
convalescent; mark out the or

border of a mat, hut, etc, when making

the same | fahlela)', inject a clyster

fur or into a person (ace) [this word
tela was no doubt originally simply the
objective form of the word to].

i;N , ngit : . I have given

in, you have beaten mc as one man might
say to an adversary "h<> has overcome him.

wabtiya wabatela fot'Tulwana,he afterwards
poured them i"'". i. ■ ■ incorporated them
with, tin Tulwaua regiment

TE

sesitdile Una, we have already paid our
hut-tax.

la'maxambane kawuwatelanga usawoti, you
didn't pul any salt into these potatoes.

mus'ttkungiiela ngotuli, you mustn't be
throwing dust over me.

ingane isHtela umximba, the child is already
til ling out the body.

Phr. uku-tela umuntu ngentlamba, to abuse
a person with incriminating epithets, insult-
ing charges, etc.

tiku-m-tela ngesiho, to utter a cry of loud
general reproval at a person, as might a
crowd of listeners.

uku-m-tda inkwelo, to urge on or encour-
age a person to action by whistling (meta-
phor.) i.e. by applauding, etc. = njonjoxela.

toatela wayeka ! he poured and let the
whole mass shower out at once! —the com-
manding shout of a captain to a body of
soldiers when he wishes them to 'charge' or
throw themselves in one on-rushing mass on

the enemy; hence, kwatiwa watela wayeka
might mean simply -there was made a com-
bined on-rush or charge'. See u-Telawayeka.
langitela ngegida (iscla), latigiti fit, the.
thief poured with the gourd, dashing (the
amasi) over me (so that people arriving
would conclude that it was 1 who had stolen
tin' amasi) —said in reference to any evil-
doer who seeks to cast the blame on another.

i-nTela-bulima (s. t.), n. Matter or talk that

makes one look foolish, appear an ass.

Ex. yeka ukukuluma intelabulima, cease

making yourself out an idiot by your talk.

i-nTela-kabili (s.t.; s.k.),n. Crown-land;
the double rent (i.e. hut-tax and squat-
ter's rent) paid thereon (N).

u-Tela-wayeka (Thela-wayeka), n. A com-
bined charge, a general on-rush of a bo-
dy of troops upon the enemy (with
vnza ) ; person, beast, etc., that goes about
without any control or unchecked, as a
girl wandering about as she likes among
the kraals, or cattle left un herded on
the veldt (= u(lu)-Sapo). See tela; isi-
Wombe.

Tele, ukuti (Thele, ukuthi), v. Throw a mass
of things (ace.) pouringly or showeringly
out, or upon a thing (ace. with nga);
come down upon in a mass, as an ene-
my charging, or a herd of cattle coming
down simultaneously upon a corn-field;
be filling up, increasing in bulk, as a
-rowing child, or rising river = ukuti
tflekehle, tela.

isi-Tele (s.t.), n. Vulva, of a cow or other
animal (not of human-being — see u(lu)-
Debe) = ti-Teletele; cp. i-mVimbe.

ama-Tele (s. t. — no sing.,), n. Hoof-sick-
ness, in cattle (= um-Cekezo); chaps or

620 TE

sores between the toes of human-beings,
caused by wet, etc. (cp. i(li)-Bibane).

Teleka (Theleka), v. Teach an infant (ace.)
to sit or squat on the buttocks (it hav-
ing so far only lain down). Cp. catula;
u-Edana.

Ex. its'eyatelekwa, he is already being
taught to sit up.

isi-Telekana (s. L; s. k.), n. Certain veldt
plant, having red flowers.

Telekehle, ukuti (Thelekehle, ukuthi), v. —
ukuti tele.

Telela (Thelela), v. obj. form of tela; put
into or put down an um-Telelo of any

/ kind for a person (ace), as into his snuff
(see um-Qoto), along his path (see um-
Bulelo), etc.; put bait down for birds,
etc. (ace); hence, bait a trap (ace; cp.
cupa); give a hand, render assistance to
a person (ace) in any work or difficulty
(= elekela).

um-Telelo (Thelelo), n. 5. Common name
for any takata medicine administered
by being 'put into' or 'placed down'
for a person. See telela.

u-Teletele (s. t.), n. = isi-Tele.

izi-Teletele (s. t.), n. = i(li)-Tweletwele.

Teleyane, ukuti (Theleyane, ukuthi), v. Cast
into, or upon, or down, without effort,
without regard, suddenly, etc. See uku-
ti tele.

Teleza (Theleza), v. Smoothen, smoothen
off, as the rough outside of a new clay
pot when polishing it (= sheleza); make
'run off, not stick, i.e. render unsuc-

I cessful, make to miss or fail or be un-
lucky, as a person, or the i-nTelezi he
uses', might the evil medicine (ace) of
an umtakati, dangers of lightning, etc.
See i-nTelezi; cp. sulaza; finga.

Telezeka (Thelezeka), v. Get made unsuc-
cessful, innocuous, to fail or be unlucky,
as above. Cp. sulazeka; fingeka.

Telezela (s. t.), v. = twelezela.

i(li)-Telezi (Thelezi), n. An unluckiness,
missing, unsuccessfulness, such as might
be induced in a person, in his medicines,
or his efforts, by some counter-charm
or i-nTelezi. Cp. i(li)-Sulazo.

i-nTelezi (s. t.), n. General name for all

\ those medicinal charms whose object

' is to counteract evil by rendering its
causes innocuous, unsuccessful (as
when a doctor by some medicine
renders harmless the poison of an
umtakati or the flashing of lightning)

\ and gen. administered by a 'sprinkling'
process (= cela) and not carried about
on the person (as the i-mFingo might

be). See
punga.

ubu-Telezi (s.t.),n.
Tii/ a.

Telisa (Thelisa), v.
pay tribute or tax
mission, subdue,

TE
teleza; i(!i)-Telezi,

621

TE

nmn-Ti ;

ubu-Shelezi; ubu-

Make a person (ace.)
; hence, bring to sub-
as one chief when

conquering another (ace).

Ex. uShaka waxitelisa uynke ixixwana lexi,
Shaka .subdued .-ill these various little tribes.
nTelo (s.t.Ln. General name for any
and all of those diseases (as ophthalmia,
tapeworm cysts, gout etc.) supposedly
'thrown into' a person (sec tela) by the
poisonous charms of some umtakati;
any medicinal charm used for tins pur-
pose. Cp. um-Telelo.

isi-Telo (Thelo), n. Fruit, as borne by a
tree; (M) deeds, works, of a person.

Temba (Thembha), v. Hope; trust; ex-
pect a thing (ace); hope or trust in,
rely upon, put confidence in a person
or thing- (ace. or with ku) [Kw. tumai-
ni, to hope; Ga. tuamaini; .Reg. mba-
nja, hope; Ha. tamaha],

A. />'. If we understand the term 'to be-
lieve in Christ' not merely as signifying a
complete satisfaction with or assent to His
doctrine, but rather as expressing a sav-
ing trust in Him personally, then the
word temba were a better rendering of the
word 'believe' than the usual term kolwa.
i(li)-Temba (Thembha), n. Hope, trust,
expectation, confidence, reliance, belief
= i-nTemba.

i-nTemba (Tembha), n. = i(li)-Temba.

Phr. intemba kayibulali; hubulala impa-
ngiso, hoping doesn't kill (anybody); it is

over-hastiness that kills (a person) as
might be said to soothe one whose hopes
have been temporarily shattered.

Tembeka (Thembheka), v. Get trusted; be
trustworthy, reliable, faithful; get hope. I
for, be hopable.

Tembisa (Thembhisa), /•. Cause one (ace.)
to hope for a thing (ace.) i.e. promise,
assure.

Tembisana (Thembhisanakv. Give a pro-
mise or assurance mutually, as two lovers.

isi-Tembiso (Thembhiso), n. Promise; as-
surance.

um-Tembu (Theembhu), //. 1. One of the
eb\a-Tenjini elan.

i(li)-Tembu (Theembhu), //. Certain flower-
ing grass (Sparaxis *i>.), whose roots
are eaten.

isi-Tembu (Theembhu), n. Harem or mul-
titudinous wives (properly nol applied

to

a number below five or I T a
Bingle man; henceai used bj Eui
polygamy.

Ex. uku-tata isitembu, to take a haren
large number of wivea | not usual I j wheu
only two or thr<

N.B. In every Zulu kraal ..I rank, each of

the chief wi

Kohlwa, and the i(li)-Nqndi, had several
younger wivea allotted to h
subordinate i(li)-Bibi). Thewc

called her isitembu (i. , . uitemb ,

or lot of wi\ |

Tembuluka (Thembhuluka),
dembuluka.

Tembuza (Theembhuza), v. Go the

of one's harem, Btaying fii

(C.N.)

round
in one

kraal then in another i<'..\\).
isi or ubu-Tembuzans (Thembhuzam
Certain fungoid die Bkin or

the chest and neck, perhaps liver
{Pityriasis versicolor). Cp. u-Nkomo
sezantsi,

Temeleza (Themeleza), v. Speak away
continuously in one long uninterrupted
effort, as an imbongi when citing the
praises of a chief, or a preacher earnest-
ly preaching.

ama-T'empukar.e (Th empukam ), n. V
spittle applied to very fine, scarcely
perceptible rain, almost like dust < cp.
kifiza)} hair of the head when remain-
ing always short and sparse, as with
some Natives.

Tena (Thena), v. Castrate, as a bull (ace);
dock, as pumpkin-shoots, the flower-
tuft of ///,/;■, etc. (see ncweba) [Bo.
tinwa, circumcise; tule, castrated].

Phr. bamtenele pantsi, tin ited him

tin- no reason or usefulm - the

abatakati) killed him while -till vouoj
thereby robbing him of the possibility

baring any offspring and - i being "I any
use as a man ( also used of femal

ungitene amanaVila, he has emasculated nie,
epiite taken away my strength, through some
altogether disappointing "i amazing action

of his.

i-nTena (s.t.),n. Full-grown bull-calf re-
cently castrated, ue. young bullock.

Tenda (Thenda), v. Make a thing

to roll, roll it along, a- a ball or stone
= !/i/"/'i ; cp. tendeh .".

Ex. intrn iyawutenda umsila, the sleep
rolls it- tail seeming i" give it a kind
rotating Bwiog a- it walks al<

um-Tenda (Thenda), n. 5. um-Tende.

i(li)-Tende (Thende), n. Single young pump-

kin-plant just beginning to shoot.

TE

i(ii)-Tende (Theende), n. Tent, of the or-
dinary bell-shape kind. Cp. u-Ntende.
[Eng. tent].

i-nTende (Teende), n. Bottom or flat lower
part, as of a Native basket (= isi-Nqe);
palm of the hand; hence, a palmful, as
of snuff or sugar (cp. tt-Kweshe); the
bottom, root, origin, of any affair [Sw.
ki-tanga, palm; Ga. manga, bottom].

Ex. ngifuna intende yendaba, I want to
get at the bottom of the affair.

P. (uywayi) usuka 'ntendeni, uhlale 'nte-
ndeni, it (snuff) goes from one palm to ano-
ther, i.e. is at one time in the hand of one
person and to-morrow in that of another —
used t<> express that a man who is prosper-
ous to-day may be in want to-morrow. See
tata.

isi-Tende (Thende), n. Heel i.e. the whole
hinder ball of the foot; foot of a hippo-
potamus, elephant, and the like (cp.
i-nTselo). Cp. i-nGqakala [Her. otyi-
pande, heel; Sw. ki-pande).

um-Tende (Thende), n. 5. Stripe, coloured
line, as on an animal's fur or dress =
umu-Shwe.

Ex. umtende wokusa, a morning stripe,
ray of dawn (C.N.) — umu-Si.

Tendeka (Thendeka), v. Get rolled (see
tenda ) ; roll along, as a fat man walking;
roll about at one's ease i.e. 'laze' or
'loaf about with nothing to do = gi-
nqika, tendeleka.

um-Tendekazana (Thendekazana), n. 5. =

i-m Hilx i.

i(li)-Tendele (Thendele), n. Red-winged
Partridge (Francolimis Levaillanti) =
i-nTendele. Cp. i-nKwali.

i-nTendele (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Tendele.

P. intendele (or inkonjane) iive enkundhleni,
a partridge has dropped in the yard i. e. a
hit of good luck has befallen as.

intendele ibindwa isidwa, the partridge is
choked by an isidwa root — said of a man
whose evil doings have been so exposed that
he remain- speechless.

intendele esuka 'antra ikolwa unvjigijelo (ox

ixagila), the partridge that rises last gets the

best pari of the throw (or of the sticks)

if yon want In escape, don't dilly-dally.

Tendeleka (Thendeleka), v. = tendeka.

Tendeieza (Thendeleza), v. = ukuti tende-
lezi.

Tendelezi, ukuti (Thendelezi, ukuthi), v.

Roll (/runs.), make to roll, as a person

a ball (ace.) = tendeieza; roll (intrans.),

I rolled, as the ball itself = tendele-

zeka. See tenda.

i-nTendelezi (s.t.),n. Great 'rolling' mass

622 TE

of a man, used of a very fat man from
his motion when walking.

Teneka (Theneka), v. Get castrated; be
emasculated, rendered strengthless, heart-
less, by disappointment, depressing
amazement, etc. (used in perf.).

i(li)-Tenenende (Thenenende), n. Certain
forest-tree, having hard whitish wood
used for making knobkerries.

Tenesa (s. t.), v. = talasa, tanasa.

isi-Tenesi (s. t.), n. = isi-Talasi.

i-nTenetsha (s. L, sometimes Tenesha,), n.

Species of rock-rabbit. Cp. i-mBila; u-

Nogwaja.

P. uku-temba uboya bentenetsha, to put
trust in the fur of a rock-rabbit (which
presents a fine appearance to the eyes, but
only requires a slight rubbing and all the
hairs fall off) = to base one's hopes on an
unstable or deceptive thing.

Tenga (Thenga), v. Obtain by barter, get
in exchange, buy, as a purchaser an ox
(ace.) for his money (with nga), or a
seller money (ace.) for his goods (with
nga). Cp. enana [Chw. reka; Her.
randa; Mbu. landa; Ga. tunda; Ang.
Cong, snmba; Sw. tenga, divide; Bo.
tag a, sell; Bu. dankan, trade].

Ex. ngatenya amabele ngemali; yena (ote-
ngelayo) watenga imali ngamabele ake, I
obtained Kafir-corn with my money (i. e.
bought it), he (the seller) obtained money
for his corn.

Tenga (s. t.), v. Waver, sway to and fro,
or up and down, as the branch of a tree,
or a person faint or intoxicated = ye-
nda, ntengemula, zengazenga [Sw. tiki-
sika, sway to and fro; Her. nyinga-
nyinga].

Tengana (Thengana), v. Obtain by mutual
bartering of goods ( with nga ), trade
with one another = tengelana.

i-nTengantenga (s. t.), n. Any feeble, shaky,
swaying thing, as a new-born calf, or a
person very weak (= i-nTekenteke, i-
nZengenzenge); child spoilt by having
been humoured, 'over-delicate', fasti-
dious, peevish (= i-mBongombongo).

Tengatenga (s.t.),v. = tenga (s.t.).

i(li)-Tenge (s.t.),n. Any frail, delicate thing
or person, who wants excessive care or
pampering; hence, pampered, soft-natur-
ed child, not hardy or virile = i(li)-De-

nge.

Tengeka (Thengeka), v. Be obtainable by
barter, as goods or money.

Tengela (Thengela), v. Obtain-by-bartering
for or on behalf of a person (ace), i.e.
enter into trade transactions with him;

TE

623

TE

4

act as shopman, seller, one serving at

the counter in a store i.e. lie who trans-
acts the exchange for ;i person.

Ex. ngitengeh la'mabele ami ngommbila
for ngemali), take in exchange for {i.e.
from ) me this my Kafir-corn by means oi
( /. c. for | your mealies ( or money i buy
of me this Kafir-corn for mealies or money;
or, equally in sense, sell to me mealies (or
money i for this Kafir-corn.

ngitengele amabele ngommbila wami (ox
ngemali yami), get in exchange for me(i.«.
buy for me — not give in exchange or sell
to me) Kafir-corn by means of or for my
mealies ( or money |.

ngitengele ngommbila nantsi imali yami,
take in exchange for me by means of mealies
tins my money here = sell me mealies for
this money of mine.

uyatengela lo'mlungu, he takes your money
and gives you good value for it. does this
Whiternan, he makes a good bargain, asks
low prices, is cheap = imentengo.

um-Tenge\\ (Thengeli),n. 1. Shopman, seller,
one serving behind the counter in a
store — see tengela.

Tengemula (s. t.), v. Conceive, as a wo-
V man (see lata; kupuka); also = tenqa
* (s.t.).

i-nTSngentenge (s. t.), n. = i-nTengantenga.

Tenge tenge, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. = te-
ngezela.

i(li)-Tengetenge (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Tenge.

Tengeza (s.t.), v. Treat or handle in a
delicate, pampering, excessively careful
manner, as one's child (ace.) or a treasur-
ed thing; hence, make a child (ace.)
over-delicate, spoil it, as a mother by
pampering' of humouring = dengeza;
cp. totosa.

Tengezeka (s.t.; s.k.),v. Get spoilt, as a
child — see above = bongozekn.

Tenge'zela (s. t.), v. Do anything in a shaky,
feeble, tottering, strengthless way, as
when walking, standing, working, speak-
ing, etc. = tekezela, zengezela.

Ex. /:/'■/' lake latengexela, his voice quiver-
ed ( with emotion |.

Tengisa (s.t.), v. caus. form of tenga (s.t.).

Phr. uku-xi-tengisa, to make oneself a
'spoilt-child', i.e. want to be made much

of, very carefully attended to, treated dif-
ferently from the generality of people, lie
fastidious
Tengisa (Thengisa), r. Cause a person (ace.)
to obtain by bartering; cause people to
buy, i.e. be up for sale, as a beast; cause
people to buy, i.e. sell a thing of have
it (with nga) up for sale, as a store-
keeper a certain article.

of the (two) crafty-ones quickly
it was a case oi diamond cut

Ex. ngiyatengi
ngisi, I am causing people to buj wild tl.i-
one (i.e. I have this one up foi 'sale : that
one over there doesn't cause any bti
(*. e. i- not on sal

uyatengisa ngogtoayi imali, he i* buying
money, causing (the tranaactin hi*

tobacco Ik- has tobacco up I
money, i* Belling it foi mom

iyatengisa leyo'nkabi, itetujx ■, imali, that
"x i- causiug | people | to buy i. ■ . i- up
sal.': it causes i it* owner) to gel in exchange
money i. e. is selling for mom
i-nTengo (s.t.), //. A bartering, bargaining
between buyer and seller. Sec /

Ex. i'lukuni intengo fca'Bani; hat
it is hard is the bargaining of So and
has no bargaining it is difficult to .
t<> a bargain with him: there i* no bargain-
ing with him I he want* t..,, much for hi*
thin

isheshe i/ahlulcana intengo yamaqili, the
bargaining
broke off
diamond.

i-nTengu (s. t.), n. The large Drongo (Bit-

clauii/d ussi mil is ).

i-nTengwana (s.t.), //. 'flic smaller Dro

(Dicrurus Ludwigii) (N).
i-nTenjane (s.t.), //. Dun or mud-coloured

ox having patches of white about the

back, flanks, etc. Cp. UrNyawoti.
i-nTeno (s.t.),//. Young castrated bull

young bullock; any 'docked' plant.

ii/ifc, pumpkin-shoot, etc. um-Teno.
um-Teno (Theno), ». 5. i-nTeno.

um-Tente (Thente), //. ■'•. Kind of

long grass, very sharp to the bare feet
when young and pointed.

P. (umtente) uhlab'usatnila, tin- '",
grass pricks while still young said "l or
to a young married man that In- should
breed (children) while he i* -till in his prime,

not allowing the interval* to go t"<> lo

may also !»• applied to the foi lief nth.

tin- Sowing Of one'* wild •

Tentebula (Thentebula), <•. Strip oil. strip
up, tear away in strip arh (ace.)

From a tree, or roots from tin' ground
( dendebula); cry or be crying pierc-
ingly, sllriekingly, as a woman iii dis-
tress i tazabula; cp. teztika)', 'stripe'

a person (ace.) /. e. deal him a stroke
over the body with some flexible instru-
ment such as will leave a mark < ba-
mbabula |.
i-nTentemisa (s. /.), />. Peevi h. fretful,
sell' willed, cross-tempered child ; cap-
tious, fastidious, fault-finding kind oi
pet -on. See /< U mn.

TE

624

TE

Tenlesa (Thentesa), v. Be habitually fault-
finding, expressing dissatisfaction with
everything, as a captious, fastidious kind
of person, whom it is difficult to please
Or satisfy.

Tepu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.. s. p.), v. == tepu-
hi ; tepuka.

Tepu, ukuti (Thephu, ukuthi), v. — tepula;
tepuka.

Tepuka (s.t.; S.p.; s.k. — sometimes The-
phuka),v. Get broken or snapped off,
as a chip out of an earthen-pot, or as
the earthen-pot itself = hlepuka, qe-

jnil.it, (h'j)Uka.

Tepula (s. t. ; s.p.— sometimes Thephula),
r. Snap or break off, as a person
might a chip (ace.) out of an earthen-
pot when taking hold of it by the brim,
or the earthen-pot (ace.) itself = hlc-
pula, qepula, depula.

Tepuzela (Thephuzela ; sometimes s.t.; s.p.),
v. Go with the posteriors coated with
filth, as an infant.

Tesa (s. t.), v. Disparage, speak in a depre-
ciating manner, 'run down', as a person
I ace.) or thing = filisa, kesa.

Phr. uku-zi-tesa, to be stuck-up, proud,
self-esteeming, as when one won't mix with
his equals, submit to orders, or ordinary
treatment, etc.

Teta (Thrtli a), v. Speak the praises, etc.,
of the ama-Dhlozi or ancestral-spirits
(ace.) at the sacrifice of a beast, or of
a brave when he displays his feats ( see
giya) at a dance; scold, find fault noisi-
ly, as a scolding woman or fault-find-
ing man (see tetisa); talk over misde-
meanours, i.e. try cases, lawsuits (ace),
as a magistrate; let off, forgive, a per-
son (ace.) his fault (with nga), or an
outstanding debt of lobola cattle (see
tetelela ) [the original, but now obsolete
meaning of this word would seem to
have been simply 'to talk' — cp. Xo. te-
la, speak; Sw. teta, dispute; Ga. tenda,
praise; Her. tang a, praise].

Ex. Wmfaxi uloku eteta njalo, this woman
ib incessantly scolding.

liyakutetwa nini lelo'cala? when will that
case be tried ?

inkosi vmtetile ngalelo'cala for ieala lim-
tetile), the chief has let him off, absolved
him in regard to that fault or case I or the
case baa let him off).

i(li)-Tete (s. L), n. Dark-blue cotton-gauze
cloth (= u(lu)-Lembu) ; any similar
kind of thin large-meshed cloth, as mus-
lin; (C.N.) also = i(li)-Tivetwe.

i(li)-Tete (Thethe),n. Certain very bitter
veldt-herb, growing in stony places and

used medicinally for scrofula and blood
purifying.

Ex. kuyababa, kuVitete, y'ini? is it a
thing to make a wry face at (i. e. to be a-
fraid of); is it, then, itete medicine? = do
you think, then, I mind it, am afraid of it ?
— as one boy might say to another who has
threatened to strike him.

i-nTete (Tethe), n. Generic name for any
insect of the 'grasshopper' or locust
kind. Cp. i(li)-Qwagi; isi-Konyane;
i(li)-Boni; um-Cimbitwa, etc.

P. o'ntete z'osiica 'rnnva, one whose locusts
are roasted last (in the hope that, having
partaken of those of his companions, he may
find a diminution of the company by the
time it comes to the roasting of his own )
= a cunning, crafty iellow.

ucilo uyilahUle intete ku'Bani, the ncilo
bird has thrown away the grasshopper in
So-and-so's case, *'. e. the stick has caught
him, he is done for, has released his hold on
life = So-and-so is dead, has departed life.

isi-Tete (s. t.), n. (N) = isi-Patsholo.

ubu-Tete (Thethe), n. Mites or tiny mag-
gots found in the dry amasi inside an
old milk-gourd (=ubu-Vunya); a falling
out of the hair about the temples and
ears common with nursing women and
ceasing With the weaning of the child.

isi-Teteiegu (s. t.), n. Big, fat-bodied person
(more than plump), as some chiefs;
large-sized pumpkin = isi-Tetelu.

Tetelela (Thethelela), v. Forgive, let off a
person (ace.) as to some fault, debt, etc.
(with nga, or with doub. ace). See teta.

isi-Tetelu (s.t.),n. = isi-Tetelegu.

Tetema (s. f.), v. Be peevish, fretful, cross-
tempered, self-willed, as a pampered
child ; be captious readily displeased or
complaining, as are some adults; be
easily put out of order, delicate, requir-
ing pampering, as one's body ; grow in
a weakly, sickly, slow manner, as mealies
or other plants. Cp. tentesa.

isi-Tetemana^s. L), n. Short, stunted, dwar-
fish person.

isi-Tetemezi (s. t.), n. (N) = i(li)-Zaza.

i-nTetemisa (s.t.),n. = i-nTentemisa.

Te te te, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = ukuti to
to to.

Teteza (s. t), v. Make peevish, fretful, cross-
tempered, as a child (ace.) by constantly
pampering or humouring = tentemisa.

isi-Teti (Thethi), n. One skilled in the art
of singing the praises of the ama-Dhlozi
or ancestral-spirits; a scolding, noisily
fault-finding person. See teta.

Tetisa (Thethisa), v. Scold a person (ace),

TE 625

find fault with loudly, reprove vigor-
ously. Cp. kankata; jakaja; teta.

um-Teti-wamacala (Thethi), n. 1. Person
who has always some lawcase on; one
wlio tries cases (used in the praises of
Mpande), a magistrate, a judge.

Tevu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. = tevuza.

isi-Tevu (Thevu), u. Certain uterine disease
of cows in which expulsion of the
calf is hindered by an accumulation of
clotted blood (N). '

Tevula or Tevuza (s. /.), v. Talk wildly, at
/" random, away from the point, etc. (C.N.).

Cp. cevuza.
Teza (Theza),v. Gather firewood (ace.) in

bulk (cp. cokosha); be delirious, in

speech or action, as a sick man; talk

wildly lies (ace.).

ama-Tezane (Thezane), //. Nervousness
(mentally), nervous tremor (in doing
^anything), fidgety uneasiness or agita-
tion from fear, as when acting in the
presence of a great personage, or when
passing a frightful spot at night. Cp.
ama-Tata.

Tezisana (Thezisana), v. Dispute peevishly
or wrangle one With another about com-
mon duties, which are consequently left
undone, as a lot of wives or servants,
each one throwing the duty on another.
Cp. ntinUsana.

Tezu, ukuti (Thezu, ukuthi), v. = tezuka.

Tezuka (Thezuka), v. Topple over, as a
pot, an infant not yet able to sit firmly,
or a person over a precipice (= yezu-
ka); utter a loud cry or shout, scream
(cp. tentebula ).

um -Tezuka (Thezuka), u. 5. Place where
one may topple over, i. e. a very steep
slope = um-Ginqiliza, um-Yezuka.

Ti (Thi),v. Say; mean; think, be of opin-
ion; do thus or in such a way (as in-
dicated j — perf. most commonly te, less
commonly tile, sometimes tize [Skr. diq,
show; Hi. dikhana; Lat. dic-ere, to say;
/■cor, 1 think; Chw. ri, perf. tede; At. ni,
say; lia. tee; Hot. mi; Ibo. tse, think].

Ex. ixinkomo takiti titi (ox vinti, or li-
ttle), our cattle are so many | as shown on
the fingers ) — the ii in the word \infi is a
euphonic corruption.

ngiti mina, iyagula, 1 am of opinion, it
is sick.

liti-iii kli'gamu? what does this word
mean "

yhti inkosi, akabulawe, the chief gave word
I or ordered) that he be put to death.

irnii. he did so a> indicated by the hand I
he acted in this way; or. he went in this
direction.

TI

hut' is/mini natile, they are ten and so ma-
ny ( a< >hown <>n the 6ngers i.

angisena'kuti-ni, I have nothing further
to Bay, or do i in that matter 1; it uo loi
concerns me.

ngite, ngifika emLalaxi, ngahla/ngana naye,
as 1 arrived at the Umlalazi, 1 me1 him.

umuntu angati ukumbona, acabange ukuti
utrUungu, a person can, when seeing him,
think it is a whiteman.

babeyate bayangena, sabavimbela, they were
doing i as though) they are entering | i. e were
in the act of entering, attempting to enter),
but we prevented them.

watt uZenx,ile esati lcata, uNomanxiwa
wamuti ukumdcmtsa, as Zenzile was jusl
stepping in, Nomanxiwa gave her a pull.

Phr. ungati, nako! ruvmhla hike kwaku-
kulu! you might say, there now! to-day ii
has got to be something great or wonderful!
— an expression of surprised admiration made
by one person to another who has made
some statement about the unusual doings of
a third party, as of a notoriously lazy per-
son having at last done some real work.
■nTi (s.t.),n. Anything happening or ap-
pearing unexpectedly— gen. used adverb-
ially in the locative form entini to ex-
press 'unexpectedly, by sTtryTfise, by
sudden unpremeditated impulse', etc

Ex. wangifikela entini, he took me by
surprise.

sebevuucla entini, they are now getting in
their crops quite unexpectedly.

ukuba avelelwe inti eudhleleni, afe ngale-
lo'langa! that he should be befallen on his
way by something nobody had expected (as
some disease or snake-bite), and die ofl the
self-same day !

mu-Ti (Thi), n. 5. Any vegetable growth
or plant generally; hence, herb, shrub,
bush, tree, etc.; wood (the thought re-
ferring rather to the 'tree' than to the
mere vegetable substance, for which
there appears to be no exact equivalent
in Zulu — cp. u(lu)-Kuni, i(li)^Twabu);
medicine (of any kind), vegetable, ani-
mal or mineral; chemical; any substance
or preparation which to the Native eye
appears to be of a 'medicinal' nature
i. e. of vegetable, animal or mineral ex-
traction, as ink, blacking, putty, baking-
powder, ointment, etc. [Skr. drih, grow;
t/rus, tree; Ar. tiwil, grow; Goth. In//,
tree; OH(l. witu, wood; Prim. Celt, fid,
tree; Sw. m-ti; Her. omu-ti; Ga. Ze.
Kami). Kag. etc. mu-ti; Go. iliiki; San.
ijiishi; Kal. u-uti; L. Cong, n-fi; At.
egi; Ya. m-tela — there is an evident
etymological relationship between this
word and i/hii-tu, uku-tela, etc.].
Ex. uku-puxa umuti, to take medicine.

lo

Tl

626

Tl

uku-puxisa umuii, to give or administer

medicine.

N.B. Umuti omnyama (black medicine)
is a generic name for all such as are of a
superstitious nature i.e. administered with
the intention of charming away evil, as, for
instance, after having killed a man, after a
lightning stroke, or other um-hlola. They
are always accompanied by certain obliga-
tions nf uku-xila or abstinence, as, e.g. from
leaving the kraal, refraining from certain
foods or from seeing certain persons, etc.,
from which restrictions one is released by
the uku-potula process and administration
of umuii omhiope (white medicine), which
name therefore denotes such medicine as is
used for releasing from or clearing away the
binding effects of the black variety. Seezila.

u(lu)-Ti (Thi), n. Any long slender piece
of wood, or stick (generally), as a pen-
holder, frame of a window, switch,
wattle, etc. (cp. i-nDuku; u(lu)-Swazi)\
hence, any similar thing of metal, a rod;
middle part or 'spine' of a river i.e.
the deep place along the middle of the
river-bed.

1'hr. a inn ir. i omfula angoti (or, ama
ngoti), the water of the river is up, so as
to be at the edge as deep as is usually the
case in the middle = the river is very full.

ixinkomo kulowo'muxi :i ngoti, the cattle
in that kraal are brimming full i. e. very
numerous or abundant — used thus of any
large quantity.

ubu-Ti (Thi), n. Poisonous medicine or
preparation of any kind, poison (not
usually applied to that of snakes - see
isi-Hhingu).

uku-Ti (Thi), n. Some particular thing or
place (when speaking a similitude, etc.);
such-and-such a thing; this, that — as

below.

Ex. mini ubuxwa, ngawusho ukuti ubulawa
ukuti, when you are asked, yon ought to
declare that you are suffering from this,
or that i particular thing).

yisho, kuxwakale., ukuti ufuna ukuti uo-
kuti, Bay, so that it be clearly understood,
that you want this and that particular
thing, i.e. state specifically what you want.

kuloku In ukuti nokuti, it is always either
this or that, i.e. something or other (that
he finds to complain about).

bade besola njalo abantu, beti, o! esas'e-
l.iilini for esas'ekutinitini) sibi, esas'eJcuti-
iii sihle, they are continually finding fault
are the Natives, saying, oh! that (school)
of such-and-such a place is not good, that
of such-and-such a place is better.

Tiba (Thiba), v. Restrain, as one might
another (ace.), by sign or advice, from

saying or doing anything, or as a man
might his passion or heart (ace.) when
heated or angry, or his weakness for
excess in drinking, etc. (= uku-zi-tiba);
lower the head and look threateningly,
as one bull does to another (ace.) in
order to restrain it, as it were, when
it wants to approach the herd. Cp. //-
kimeza.

Phr. ukurtWamate, to quieten the mouth-
watering, i.e. to gratify one's desire or
passion slightly for the moment, as by
taking just one mouthful of liquor, just
having one look at some object, etc.

Tibela (Thibela), v. Restrain or keep back,
as the herd-boy cattle (ace.) from going
to a certain place; also = tibelela.

Tibelela (Thibelela), v. Reduce the beer-
worts (ace.) boiling in one pot by ladling
a quantity out and pouring it into ano-
ther (with ku) less full.

i-nTibelo (s.t.),n. Top portion or excess
of the utshwala water ladled out of the
boiling pot so as to reduce the quantity
= i-mPungelo. See tibelela.

TVbi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. Yield softly
to pressure of the hand or foot, as the
body of a worm or snake, a lump of mud
or cowdung etc.; be of such a nature,
as the thing itself = tibizeka, tibika;
cause such a thing (ace.) so to yield
to pressure; hence, touch, squeeze,
tread upon it = tibiza. See i-nTibi-
ntibi.

isi-Tibili (Tibhili), n. Prominent bone (the
tuberosity of the ischium) projecting on
both sides of the root of the tail in
cattle; flesh thereabout. Cp. i(li)-Mpu.

isi-Tibili (s. t.; s. b.), n. Stirrup [D. stibeul],

Tibiliza (Thibiliza), v. = tifiza.

Tibilizela (Thibilizela), v. = tifizela.

Tibilizi, ukuti (Thibilizi, ukuthi), v. = uku-
ti tifi (thifi).

i-nT'ibintibi (s.l.),n. Anything of a soft,
pulpy, plump nature, as a snake's body,
lump of raw meat, a great fat person,
etc. Cp. i-nTifintifi. See tibiza.

i-nTibitongo (Tibithongo), n. Child still in
its early helplessness, before any activ-
ity of the mental faculties has appeared;
stupid childlike adult, a simpleton or
booby; bad snuff.

Tibiza (s.t.), v. Touch or squeeze i.e. take
hold of, tread upon, etc., anything
(aec.) of a soft pulpy squashy nature,
as a snake's body, mud, cowdung, etc.
Cp. tifiza.

Tifi, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. t.),v. Handle, eat,
or have otherwise to do with anything

Tl

627

Tl

(ace.) of the nature of ama-Tifitifi —
tifiza (s. L); get so handled, be of such
a nature - tifizeka (s. I.).

Tifi, ukuti (Thifi ukuthi), v. Come down
with a soft 'fatty' plump, as a lump of
fat falling or a person sitting 'plump'
down = tifizeka; make so to come down
= tifiza; go with the fat heavily shaking
at each step, as a very fat person walk-
ing = tifizela.

ama-TTfitifi (Th'ifilhifi ; or with s.t), n. Any
'fatty, greasy, oily' thing (used con-
temptuously or expressing disgust), as
a soft unhealthy lump of fat (of meat),
a fat person with the fat of a soft oily
nature (not plump and firm), or one
whose body is running with an excess
of greasy unction = ama-Tivitiv i ; cp.
ama-Tafutafu.

i-nTifintifi (s.t.),n. = ama-Tifitifi.

isi-TVfitifi (Thtfithifi; or with s. t), n. =
ama-Tifitifi.

Tifiza (Thifiza; or with s.t), v. = ukuti
tifi.

Tifizeka (Thifizeka; or with s. L), v. = ukuti
tifi.

Tifizela (Thifizela; or with s.t.), v. = uku-
ti tifi.

TTka, ukuti (Thika, ukuthi), v. Make to
start, suddenly shrink back, as one per-
son another (ace.) = tikaza; start back
suddenly; budge, make a slight move-
ment, as when" startled = tikazeka; be
budged a little i. e. be a little ahead
of, more than, higher than, as when
comparing the height or growth of
two things (= ukuti tutu, ukuti xuka).

Tika (s. t.; s. k.), v. Be too much* for, out-
do, get the better of, overcome, as one
army another (ace), medicine a disease,

>or one person another in argument =
zanga, ahlula [Sw. piga, overcome].

Phr. uku-xi-tika, to nut-do oneself, % e.
to gratify or indulge one's desire to the full,
so as tti want nothing further, as when eating
an unlimited abundance of very nice food
or indulging one's vanity in a selection of
fine clothes = (1ilci\a\ cp. rlakaia.
urn -Tika (Thika), n. 5. Frock-coat (N. fr.
Xo.).

Tikata (s.t.; s.k.),v. Strive or struggle
vigorously with anything (ace.) of dif-
ficulty, seeking to overcome or get the
better of it, as any overpoweringly big
piece of work, like a large field to be
hoed, a beast to be skinned and cut up
by a person alone, or a doctor working
vigorously to get the better of some
disease; dawdle over (as though it were

overpowering), dilly-dally about, as over
a field (ace), when sent on a message
or to fetch something = tikatika, tikaza,
tikita [Sw. tanga, dawdle; piga, over-
come].

Ex. utikata-nilapo? what are von dawdling-
over there?

bayatikata abantu kuleyo'ntsimu for baya-
yitikata), they are dawdling, are the people,
over that field.

Tikateka (s. t.; s.k.),v. Get struggled or
striven over; or dawdled about.

Tikatika (s. /.; s. k.), v. = tikata; (C.N.) fall
upon one (ace.) when helpless or alone,
as an enemy or a sudden attack of
illness.

ubu-TYkatika (s. /.; s. k.), n. A struggling or
striving with some difficulty ; a dawdling,
time-wasting slowness in doing anything.

Tikatikeka (s.t.; s.k.),v. = tikateka.

Tikalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.; s. k), v. = tiki-
bala.

Tikalala (s.t.; s.k.),v. =-- tikibala.

i-nTi'kantika (s.t.; s.k.),n. Any difficult
matter that demands much striving or
struggling over to overcome. See tikata.

Tikaza (s. L; s. k.), v. = tikata.

Tikaza (Thikaza), v. Make suddenly or
sharply draw back, draw up, hold, stop
with a start (from some uridesired
action), as one might an on-rushing
beast (ace.) by some startling action, or
a person talking rashly by giving him
some sign or making feint of a blow.

Tikazeka (Thikazeka), v. Get suddenly or
sharply drawn up, stopped (from some
action not desired), as by some sudden
startling movement, a feint of a blow,
etc. Cp. qikileka, ukuti qimilili.

Tikeka (s. f.; s. k.), v. Get out-done, be got
the better of or overcome — see tika.

Tiki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.; s. k.), v. = ukuti
thiki (though gen. expressing some
disgust or contempt).

Tiki, ukuti (Thiki, ukuthi; more rarely s. t),
v. Give a tremulous shake, quiver, as a
lump of jelly, a bog, or a house from
an earthquake = tikizeka; make a thing
(ace.) so to shake or quiver r= tikiza;
go along with a tremulous shaking, as
a very fat person walking; be or go
absolutely naked, showing all the 'shak-
ing' parts (used of both fat and lean
persons, and whether walking or lying
down) = tikizela. See ukuti teke, ukuti
qiki.

i-nTiki (s.t.; s.k.),n. Gravy poured off
from boiled collops (ubu-Bende) or

40

Tl

minced tripe, and drank warm, or allow-
ed to congeal into jelly (= u(lu)-Vili);
a swimming <>n the back (with shay a;
ep. i(li)-Damu\ itlamba).

Tikibala (s. t.; s. k.), v. Be in an out-done,
beaten, overpowered state, as after hav-
ing struggled vigorously with some
difficulty and been overcome by it; hence
be dejected, robbed of one's strength, by
despair or disappointment-; be displeased
ai heart, as over some offensive word
or action; be in a languid, lazy, 'dawd-
ling' state, indisposed to exert oneself
and hence inclined to loiter, as when
lazily working at some unpleasant task
(used in all senses in perf.) = tikalala.

Tikibeza (s. t.; s. k.), v. Make a person (ace.)
to be dejected, robbed of his strength,
displeased, wanting in energy, as above.

Tikibezeka (s. t.; s. k.), v. Get made dejected,
etc., as above.

Tikibezi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.; s. k.), v. = ti-
kibeza; tikib ezeka.

isi -Tiki I i (Thikili). n. = is-Adhla.

um-Tikili (Thikili), n. 5. = um-Shaba.

Tikimeza (Thikimeza), v. Stop, bring up,
make suddenly stand, a person (ace.)
from his momentary purpose, as one
might a person talking rashly by giving
him a restraining sign, or by interrupt-
ing or distracting him when engaged
intently upon anything. Cp. tikaza, tiba;
pazamisa.

i-nTikintiki (s.t.;s.k.),n. Any tremulously
shaking, jelly-like substance or thing =
n(lu)-Bikibiki, i(li)-Teketeke [Sw. tikisi-
/,</, sway to and fro; Her. nyinganyinga].

Tikita (s. t.; s.k.),v. = tikata; cover a hut
(ace.) well with matting, laying the mats
on thickly and closely overlapping.

Tikiteka (s.t.; s.k.),v. = tikateka.

Tikitela (s. t.;s.k.),v. Urge or press for-
ward vigorously, as one obstinately
persisting in some opinion or action
against the advice of others (ace), or
as a bull in actu eopulationis (only
used obscenely in latter sense); might
at times be used tor to 'force or press
home,' as when poking into anything.
Cp. tinyela.

ungitikitele ngokudakwa, ngiti kuhle upti-
me in [•<! emxini wami, you persist against
in.- with this drunkenness ol yours, I think
ii therefore) well that you leave this here
kraal <>f mine.

Phr. u'mka'Ngqobo (N. u'mka'Ngqombo).'
u'mka'Matikitela! u'nja wyapingana :i*hi-
yelana okubi pakati! <>.' umjqje, /nn(ii/</i/i>

ngoti olu'mabaxa, urnm/mif kahili, untpaxf
pezulu, abuye amabele ebornvu, umsikele

628 Tl

utshani bomncele, urnyise fova'bandebande,
and so on — a common, but very obscene,
expression of womeu, when abusing violently
another of their sex, the references being all
to the sexual functions. See i-nGqobo, etc.

u(lu)-Tikiti (Thikithi), n. Any great number
of separate things so close together as
to form, as it were, one compact mass,
as a closely packed crowd (or even a
group, when in a compact knot), or a
densely thick field of corn, a swollen
river (i.e. with much water confined
together in a close deep mass), or a
congelation of people's minds against a
certain disliked individual (see i(li)-Ci).
Cp. isi-Titingolo.

i(Ii)-Ti'kitiki (Thikithiki), n. = i-nTikintiki,
i(li)-Teketeke.

Tikiza (Thikiza; more rarely with s.t.), v.
= ukuti tiki [Sw. tikisika, sway to
and fro; Her. nyinganyinga].

Tikizela (Thikizela ; more rarely with s. t.), v.
= ukuti tiki.

Ex. uMagwendu uyatikixela ngomkaba,
ukulupele uti tiki, Magwendu goes along with
his great heavy belly shaking about; he is
as fat as jelly.

um-Tila (s.t.),?i.5. (C.N.) = um-Tshazo.

Tile (Thile), perf. tense of uku-ti, and used
as an adj. to express 'certain,' 'some'

= tize.

TTIe, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. Be very black,
as a thing; or dark, as the night =
ukuti buqe, kace, time.

isi-Tileka (s.t.; s.k.),n. Very black-skinned
person = i-nKandela, i-nTsizela.

i-nTilibatwa (Tilibathwa), n. Great quantity,
as of amabele; great number, as of
cattle.

i-nTFlintili (s.t.),n. Great abundance of
food, whether in the field or kraal. Cp.
i-nTilibatwa; i-Nala.

isi-Tilo (s. t.), n. (C.N.) the tekeza rendering

of isi-Zilo q. v.
i(li)-Tilongo (s. t.), n. Gaol, prison [D. tronk\.

i(li)-Tilosi (s.t.),n. One of the last pair of
oxen in a wagon [D.].

isi-Timane (s.t.; collect), n. Small kind of
black bead or beads; the last i-buto of
girls, or member thereof, formed by
Mpande (next following the i-nGcugce)
and mostly married to the u-Tulwana
regiment of men.

um-Timatane (s.t.),n.5. Small tree (Roy-
out Uic'xla), used as enema for the isi-
Lumo complaint — isi-Nywane.

Timba (Thimbha), v. Sit down, as a rather
large body of people, an impi, etc. (C.N.).

Tl

629

Tl

X

i(li)-Timba (Thimbha), n. The body of

marriageable girls (collect.) of any par-
ticular man, kraal, etc. Cp. um-Ttmba-
na, um-Timbazana.
um-Timba (Thimbha), n. 5. Bride's party
(males as well as females), with which
she comes to the wedding-dance (cp.
i(li)-Keto); (N) certain red fungus grow-
ing on rocks by the sea.
i(li) or 'um-Timbana (Tkimbhana), n. 5. The
body of younger girls (collect.), of about
13 or 14 years of age, belonging to any
particular man or kraal. See i(l%)-Timba.
i(li) or um-Timbazana (Thimbkazana), n. 5.
The body of young girls (collect.), of
about 8 or 0 years of age, belonging to
any particular man or kraal. See i(li)-
Timba.
Time, ukuti (ulcuthi; s. t), v. Be very black
or dark = ukuti buqe, tile, knee.

Ex. kuti time rigapandhle, it is pitch-dark
outside.
isi-Time (s.t.),n. Pitch-darkness, as in an
unlighted hut, or outside when there is
no moon.

Ex. uku-hlala ngesitime, to sit in the dark.
isi-Timela (s.t.),n. Railway -engine; hence,

train; steamer (ship) [Eng. steamer}.
i-nTVmentime (s.L), n. Any food absolutely
devoid of taste or flavour (whether
by nature or poor cooking) and hence
unpleasant, disagi*eeable ; similar kind
of person, i. e. one absolutely devoid of
any attractiveness or pleasantness of
feature, a 'common-looking' person, and
hence disliked by the girls (= i(li)-
Hlule, o'gazi lake linye, ongenal'ugazi).
isi-Timizana (Thimizana), n. = i-nTshona-

kweneni,
Timu, ukuti (Thtmu, ukuthi), v. Break out
or burst forth all at once, as into a
laugh or cry, or as a mealie-field or
large extent of grass breaking forth
into flower all at the same time = ti-
muka.
Timuka (Thimuka), v. = ukuti timu [Her.
timbuka, burst into pieces; Sw. tumbu-
ka, burst through; Bo. timka, boil over].
isi-Timukaor Timukela (Thimuka), n. Large
kraal or thick collection of huts to-
gether = isi-Tumutumu. Cp. i(li)-Nxu-
hi ma.
Timula ( Thimula), v. Sneeze, as a person;

snort, as a horse. Cp. ukuti time.
u(lu)-Timula (Thimula), n. Watery secre-
tion from the nose, as from nasal catarrh.
Cp. ama-Finyila.
isi-Timutimu (Thimuthimt/), n. = isi-T> mu-
ka.

Tina (Thina), emph. pron. Wo; us. See si.
Ex. akuso I ina, it is nol we.
siyasho Hun, we say BO, we do.

Tina (Thina), adv. used as an expletive
as below.

Ex. bayasho Una, yes, it is true, they
say so.

uqinisile Una, yes, indeed, what you Bay
is true.

ayi Una tcena! well, indeed, you (are a
funny person i!
i-nTindili (s.f.),n. = i-nDivn.
i-nTinginono (s.t.),n. i-nTungunono.
u(lu)-Tingo (Th.in.go), n. (C.N.) - i<(hi)-

Tungo.
i-nTini (.•>. /.), n. — um-Tini.

um-Tini (Thini), n. 5. Otter (Lutra Ca-

pensis) = i-nTini, u-Manzini. See um-
Mnyama.

Phr. se/cu-mpondo ia'mlmi for seku'sikati
sokwanyisa kwemitim), it is already the
horns of an otter (i.e. the time wheu its
horns (?) just become visible), it is already
the time when otters suckle their young =
iu the darkness just preceding the dawn.
Comp. phrase under u(lu)-Pondo.

N.B. That the otter should be described in
the above saying, which must be of very
ancient origin, as having horns, cannot fail
to strike one as strange. It seems to us
that it has somehow become confused with
a certain other animal. There is a myster- i
ious creature described by the Natives of !
these parts which is said to live in the river-
pools 'there where the rainbow enters the
earth,' and which also has horns, as many
assert. The skin (reputed or real) of this
animal is of a greyish-black colour and the
hair is very short, soft and smooth. It is
much used by Native doctors as a valuable
prophylactic or charm against all manner
of evil influences, as lightning, etc., and is
called iim-Mnyama (q. v.). This animal,
whose existence is so positively sworn to by
the Native medical 'profession,' has hitherto
been regarded by European investigators as
a pure myth. In our opinion, however, the
animal really exists, and is the water-goat
I the ki-Tshobo of the Bundu or Bihe tribe
in Bengwela, and the BwU of the Gaugela
people still further inland i, whose skin is
peddled about Africa by travelling Native
doctors, and which, since it is locally un-
known and yet must be given some name,
is or was, from its similarity of fur and
manner of life, also called um-Tini or (now-
adays) mostly um-Mnyatna. The famous hun-
ter * Selous mentions this water-goat, we
believe, in his writings; but Major Serpa
Pinto, during his travels in the Angola

Tl

country, frequently saw and shot it. J !*• des-
cribes it iu his book, with an illustration,
as resembling a goat, with straight slender
horns two feet long, living and sleeping in

and beneath the water, and having a fur
'of a dark-grey colour, from one quarter to

half an inch long, and extremely smooth',
which description exactly corresponds with
the specimen of fur seen by the present
writer in use among Zulu doctors.

But it is not only through the skin that
the Zulus know the animal. Such a remote
acquaintance with it would never have given
rise to the above-mentioned phrase, now so
ancient as to be almost obsolete, owing, no
doubt, to the fact of its wording heing so
manifestly at variance with the present cir-
cumstances and knowledge of the people.
The existence of this saying iu the Zulu
speech is to us a sure indication of a West-
African origiu of the Kafir tribes, or at least
that the country they last came from before
reaching these parts was withiu the land of
the water-goat. Of course, their stay there
may have been only transitory, during their
migration from other parts; but, even so, it
must have been a sojourn of considerable
duration, that a peculiarity of the country
could give rise to a proverb, and one, more-
over, that has clung so persistently to the
speech of the people, The languages, too,
of those parts present some marked similar-
ities to the Zulu. We may merely instance
the words mu-Ruru and u-Nkulunkulu, be-
ing the designation of the Great-great-one
or, so to say, God, in the Herero and Zulu
respectively, and which exhibit an almost
identical root with an identical meaning —
a root, further, almost soldi/ confined (in
this particular sense), among all the im-
mense field of Bantu languages, to the
speech of these two particular peoples.

Anybody killing an otter, before being
allowed to return to his kraal, must first
-prinkle his body all over with ashes, lest
dire consequences ensue. Its foeces, ground
and mixed with amasi, are used as a cure
-for vomiting in young children.

isi-Tini (s.t.),n. Brick or bricks (collect.)
[1). steeri].

u(lu)-Tiniko (Thiniko), n. Facial vein, where
it appears in a forked shape down the
middle of the forehead.

Tinta (Thinta),v. Touch, as a person might
a thing (ace.) with the fingers, or as
one thing might another standing close-
ly beside it (cp. pata); drink a little
beer (ace.), just touch it; touch irritat-
ingly, touch up, provoke, disturb, as
one might a lazy horse or an irritable
person; turn slightly back, away, for-
ward, etc., as one might a line of dan-

630 Tl

cers when forming them up, or a herd
of cattle when checking them from
going in any particular direction ; play
well or nicely on the u(lu)-Guba (ace.)
[Lat. tactus, touched ; Sw. jnndua, turn
over; pendeza, touch; Bo. donta; Her.
tuna].

Phr. ummbiki uyatintwa nje, mealies are
merely touched I in that soil I, i. c. they get
abundantly produced with scarcely any work.

alee ngitinte amate, just, let me check this
watering at the mouth, i. e. slightly appease
the desire, as by taking just a drop of li-

quor, etc. See tiba.

uku-xi-tinta, to check oneself, restrain one-
self, as from too angrily talking.

i(li)-Tinta (Thinta), n. = i(li)-Liba [Ga.
ntana, grave].

isi-Tinti (Thinti),n. Man's afterdress form-
ed of 'tails' resembling the i(li)-Gqibo,
than which it is slightly longer, but not
so long as the isi-Tobo, though, like the
latter, it is usually made of twisted goat-
skin. Cp. i(li)-Dhlaka.

Tintilili, ukuti (Thintilili, ukuthi), v. Get
brought up or suddenly checked, start
back, as by some obstacle when walking
or running = ukuti qikilili, tintinini.

Tintinini, ukuti (Thintinini, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti tintilili.

Tintisa (Thintisa), v. Make one (ace.) turn
back ( metaphor.), give up, or cease from
continuing on the course attempted, as
a persistently obstinate person might,
by some particular action, those who
have attempted to counsel him, or as
bad beer might one wdio over and over
again makes an attempt to drink it.

Ex. usitintisile, kavumi, he has made us
give it up, he won't show willingness.

Tintisana (Thintisana), v. Give one another
a taste, as of beer (ace.)

Tintita (Thintitha), v. Shake or agitate a
thing (ace.) to remove dust (ace.) and
the like, as one might a blanket or coat
by shaking, a carpet or shield by beat-
ing, or a sheet of paper by flipping it
with the fingers = tuntuta; cp. qunquta.

u-Tintitwayo (Thintithwayo), n. = i(li)-

Twane.
um-Tinto (Thinto), n. 5. = um-Bobe.

Tintsi, ukuti (Thintsi, ukuthi), v. Fall heavi-
ly, bodily, as a heavy case falling from
a height, a bundle from a person's head,
or any small body from off a shelf {=
tintsika, tintsileka) ; make fall heavily
or bodily, as above; put a thing down
carelessly, merely making it drop bodily,
'throw' it down (— tintsila) = ukuti
gqint&iy ukuti dintsi, ukuti tuntsu.

— ukuti tintsi, gqi-

- ukuti tintsi, gqi-
s. t.), v. = tinyela,

./

/

/"

Tl

Tintsika (Thintsika), v.
//fsika.

Tintsi la (Thintsila), v.

ntsila.
Tinye, ukuti (ukuthi;

ukuti nti.

Tinyela (s.t.),v. Prick, as any tiny sharp-
pointed instrument, like a bee's sting or
a pin, might a person (ace.); thrust vig-
orously into the cow (aec.) in actu
oopulationis (obscene - cp. tikitela)
[iter, tuera, pierce thoroughly].

isi-Tinzi (Thinzi), n. Shadow or shade
( now nearty obsolete in this sense =
isi-Tunzi) ; imaginary awefulness or fear-
inspiring character about any place,
such as where a European child would
expect to find a ' bogey ' ( for which
word this would seem to be the nearest
Zulu equivalent), or about a secluded
spot where a murder has been com-
mitted ; shadowy talk, i. e. talk rendered
intentionally obscure so as not to be
understood of others; a mental distrac-
tion, i. e. anything calculated to disturb
the mind when concentrated upon any-
thing in particular, as when suddenly
putting a question to a person counting
or painting; (C.N.) also = isi-Gubu.

Ex. xya-pi? kukona isitinxana lapo, where
are you going? there's a bogey over there

— as might be said at night time to check
a child.

ngiy'esaba, kungah kukona isitinxi cm/m
kwendhlu, I am afraid; it is as though there
were something ghostly there behind the hut.

wang'enxela itinxi, he obscured his speech
(intentionally) — so that either I, or other
parties listening, should uot clearly under-
stand.

mus'ukumtela Itinxi, don't put distractions
in his way, don't disturb him or draw his
attention away (lest he make mistakes, etc.).

Tinziyela (Thinziyela), v. Darken or ob-
scui'e one's speech intentionally, i. e. so
conceal its meaning that it be not under-
stood by a third part3r (ace).

Tipiliza (Thiphiliza), v. = tapiza.

isi-Tipilizi (Thiphilizi), n. = isi-Tapiza.

ubu-Tipilizi (Thiphilizi), n. = ubu-Tapiza.

Tipiza (Thiphiza), v. = tapiza.

isi-Tipiza (Thiphiza), n. = isi-Tapiza.

Ti'sha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Be or be-
come perfectly silent or still, as a per-
son, the wind, etc. Cp. ukuti cwanta.

- Ex. indaba yanyamalala, kivasimxe kwati
tisha, the matter dried up, and we heard
nothing more about it.

isi-Tishela (s. t.), n. A silent booby, an

Tl

idiotic stupid person who, when address-
ed, merely gapes at one.

i-nTYshentishe (s. t.), n. A big booby, a
gaping stupid hulk.

u(lu)-Titi (8. t.), n. Any 'plainly' prepared,
unseasoned food of a mashy nature, as
sweet-potatoes or pumpkins when mash-
ed up alone and unflavoured by an
admixture of crushed mealies or imi-
fino = ubu-Dibi, ubu-Xabalazi.

Titibala (Thithibala), v. Be in a thorough-
ly helpless, powerless state or position,
as one helplessly weak from sickness
(used in pert".), a man whose lawcase
has gone hopelessly against him, a des-
titute man without any means or money
to help himself, or a lonely childless
widow = totobala, totongeka.

isi-Titibala (Thithibala), n. A thoroughly

helpless person, as above = isi-T>>/<>-
bala, isi-Totongolo.

Titibalisa (Thithibalisa) v. Render a per-
son (ace.) helpless, a.i sibovo; hold or
keep a person in a helpless, powerless
state = totonga.

i(li)-Titihoya (Titihhoya), n. Crowned Plo-
ver (Stephanibyx coronatus); also ap-
plied generally to other plovers, of which
there are several local varieties = i(li)-
Hoya.

Titiliza (s.t.),v. Gain or earn largely and
easily (i.e. with little effort), as a boy
making unusually high wages for little
work, or a man getting large presents
of cattle (ace.) from the chief for doing
nothing = kutula, kutuluza; cp. mpo-
nya; bombuluza.

um-Titimbila (Thithimbhila), n. 5. Tall yel-
low-flowered weed ( Setiecio juniperinus ),
very common in old mealie-fields =
um-Penjane.

isi-Titingolo (Thi thing olo), n. Anything
standing densely thick or close together,
as trees, bush, mealies, etc. Cp. u(lu)-
Tikiti.

Titinya (s. t.), v. Investigate, enquire into,
look into (not 'try'), as an induna
might a case (ace.) prior to taking it
for trial to the chief; scrutinize, examine,
as one might a parcel (ace.) when cur-
ious to know what is inside; sound,
try to find out from, as one girl might
another (ace.) as to whether she loves
or not a certain young-man; pitch into,
attack vigorously with overwhelming
force, as a compact of women might
another (ace.) they wished to punish.

Ex. namhla bamtitinye uBani, to-day they
have given it to So-and-so, have seen what
she is made of.

y

Tl

632

TLA

isi-Tititi (Thithithi), n. Numskull, block-
head, dunce, brainless simpleton, as one

who can't be got to master the alphabet
after much teaching, who is utterly in-
capable of dancing or singing properly,
or who in helplessly unable to make a
statement intelligently. See titiza.
Titiza or Titizela (Thitliizu), v. Act, speak,
etc., in a brainlessly stupid manner, as
above.

ama-TYvitivi (ThwUhivi), n. — ama-Tifififi.

Tiviza (Tkiviza),v. = ukuti tif'i (s.t.), ti-
tiza.

Tixa, ukuti (TKixa, ukuthi),v. = tixaza.

Tixaza (Thixaza), v. Make a soft flapping

noise, as a wet isidwaba when the wear-

,er walks = taxuza.
T i x a z e I a (Th ixazela), v. (Jo ' flapping '

along, as a woman with a wet isidwaba

= taxuzela.

u-Tixo (Thi.ro), n. — see Proper Names.

Tiya (Thiya), v. Hinder, prevent, obstruct,
render unable to do, hj placing a diffi-
culty or obstacle in the way, as when
<>nc ] ire vents a rickety structure (ace.)
from falling' or shaking by propping it
up, or a person (ace.) from making a cer-
tain declaration by anticipating him with
some inculpating statement, or people
from passing along a certain closed
way b}' leading a water-sluit across
it ('== nina; vimbela); hence, present a
hindrance to a bird or beast (ace.) by
some kind of trap, i. e. entrap, ensnare,
catch it (for 'to lay a trap' -- see
cupa ) —in this latter sense mostly con-
Fined to Natal, perhaps from Xosa in-
Fluence; adjust a trap (ace. — cp. tetela )
[Sw. Ga. Bo. teg a, ensnare; Her. tyera].

Ex. ngitiywe y'ilelo'xwi lake, I am hiu-
dered, or presented with a difficulty, by rea-
Bon of that word of his.

wamtiya ngexingiiba, he prevented him,
rendered him unable to do, by physical force
i not by stick-blows).

ubu-Tiya (s. L), n. = ubu-Shelezi.

u(lu)-Tiy arte (Thiyane), n. An ibuto of girls,
or member thereof, being the last form-
ed by Cetshwayo, and none having been
formed -since.

Ti'ye, ukuti (Thtye, ukuthi),v. Present one
(ace.) suddenly with an insurmountable
obstacle, hinder, prevent in any action
— tiya.

i(li)-Tiye (8.t.),n. Tar; tea [l>. teer, tar;
Eng. tea].

u(lu)-Tiye (Thiye), u. Certain shrub; var-
iety of the i(li)-Cimbi commonly found
thereon.

Tiyeka (Thiyeka), v. Be or get hindered,
prevented, faced by a difficulty or obstacle,
as above (used in perf.) — see tiya.

Tiyeza (Thiyeza), v. = tiya.

isi-Tiyo (Thiyo), n. That which hinders,
prevents, or presents one with a diffi-
culty to progress, as above — see tiya;
(C.N.) snare, trap (cp. isi-Te, etc.).

Tize (TJiize), perf. of the verb uku-ti—
sometimes used for tile q. v.

ama-TVzetize (Tkizethize), n. A reluctancy,
faltering, hesitation— sec tiziyela.

Tiziyeka (Thiziyeka), v. Get held back, get
made to be reluctant, to falter, to hesi-
tate, as in doing something.

Tiziyela (Thiziyela), v. Do reluctantly,
with a faltering or hesitation, as when
giving something up against one's will,
punishing one's child, etc.

The following words, formerly written
with the sign HI are now, according
to the improved orthography, written
with the sign Tl. See note on pronun-
ciation at the commencement of the let-
ter D.

i-nTlaba, n. Aloe plant = um-Hlaba.

i-nTlabakanye (s.k.),n. Small make-shift
ploughing, or resulting crop, upon re-
turning to the kraals after the passage
of an impi, or upon the first arrival of
a kraal in a new locality.

i-nTlabamakwelo (Tlabamakhwelo), n. =
i-mFundamakwelo.

i-nTlabati (Tlabathi), n. Earth, generally
(= um-Hlabati); sandy or light soil,
as distinct from a loamy soil (see u-
Gadenzima) and from pure sand (see
isi-Hlabati).

i-nTlabela,^. An um-Zaca when pointed
like a chisel at one end for stabbing an
adversary during a fight (= i(lf)-Pe-
mula, i(li)-Pemu); fight carried on with
such stabbing-sticks.

Ex. wangishaya qede, was'engifilaba nye-

ntldbela, he had just dealt me a blow, when

he gave me a thrust with the chiselled stick.

besilwa intlabeh,, we were fighting a blow-

and-stabbing right.

i-nTiabisamtimba (Tlabisamihimbha), n.

Young steer, just beginning to be in-
spanned. Cp. i-nTeno.

i-nTlafuno,«. That part of the face where
the lower jaw-bone works in the malar,
just in front of the ear.

-nTlafuntlafu, u. Food of any kind which,
through non-absorbency, fails to com-
bine with the water in which it is boiled
and which latter therefore swims alone,

La, -

m

TLA

as when boiling husks, or when pour-
ing additional water upon already cook-
ed food.
i-nTlahla, it. Good fortune (in a inore
particular sense), as when unexpectedly
becoming possessed of something good,
e.g. when receiving a present or finding
something on one's way; good luck (in
a more continuous and general sense),
as a man feels he has when lie finds
good fortune speedily repeating itself;
quality or power of transmitting such
good luck, as some animals, charms,
etc., are supposed to possess. Cp. i(li)-
Ce; u(lu)-Kanda.

Ex. y'ilolcu beoele bangihlaba intlahla, they
have right along been making me lucky —
the repetition of good fortune being attri-
buted to the 'lucky' influence possessed by
something with which one has previously
come in contact, e.g. when a traveller chan-
ces upon a good drink of beer in any kraal,
and alter leaving there comes across another
or perhaps two other beer-drinks, such unusual
good fortune he would attribute may-be to
something in connection with his visit to
the first kraal. Thus, to see an i-nTendele
on one's journey would foretell good luck,
hut to see an u-Cakide would indicate bad
luck.

i-nTlahla or Tlahle (Tlaahla), n. Any old,
broken, or worn-out basket of any kind
= isi-Xaxa. See isi-Hlahla (Append.).

i-nTlahlalubambo or Tlahlalubavu (Tla-
hlalubantbho), n. One side of a tree
that is dried-up and decaying while the
other is still green.

i-nTlaka (s.k.),n. Gum, as exudes from
trees ; hence, glue ; ( collect. ) bead or
beads, large or small, of clear trans-
parent glass and of any colour.

i-nTlakantlaka (s.k.), n. Thing falling to
pieces, as a ragged coat or isidwaba,
an old worn-out mat, or thatch of a roof
knocked about in disorder; (collect.)
things lying scattered disorderly about,
as cloth or rubbish in abut (= isi-Dhla-
vudhlavu, ama-Hlakmm, ama-Hliki-
hliki, etc.) ; any kind of food when the
non-absoi'bent particles fail to combine
with the water, which floats alone, as
when boiling a branny substance, bad
pumpkins, etc.; grain merely broken up
or ground very coarsely (= i-nTlafu-
ntlafu, ama-Hlakahlaka, ama-Ntlal ti-
nt lain, etc.). See hlakaza.

Ex. abatakati bafaka intlakantlaka ekaya,
the abatakati have .caused a general conflict.
break up, or falling to pieces in the kraal.

i-nTlakaviti (Tlakavithi), n. — isi-Hlakavu.

633 TLA

-nTlakavu (s.k.),n. isi-Hlakavu.

-nTlakuva (s. k.), n. u(lu)-Hlakuva.

-nTlala, />. State of living gen. in con-
junction with an adverb, thus i-nTlala-
kahle (s.k.), good living, comfortable
life, welfare, health; i-nTlalakabi (s.k.),
unpleasant kind of life, bad state of
things.

-nTlalamagwababa, //. Elevated spot at
the spine and between the hips of an ox
=: i(li)-Qolo.

i-nTlalamatsheni (s. I.), a. Buff-streaked
Thrush (Monticola r i<-

on the ash-
destitute fel-

nTlalamatsheni
Chat or Rod
pestris) (N).

i-nTlalamazaleni, //. A sittej
heaps i. e. poor, common,
low = isi- Wolamlota.

i-nTlali (no plur.), n. Hair or hairs from
the tail of an (tx (= ubu-Lunga), horse,
gnu, etc.; sinew of slaughtered beasl
split up so as to resemble same; gristle
or cartilage, as at the joints of the ribs;
muscle or glandulous flesh, as of the
udder of a cow; pi. izi-nTlali, edge or
margin of the rushes in a sleeping-mat,
where they project beyond the extreme
outside strings or seams.

i-nTlalo, n. Life, manner of living (M).

i-nTlaluntlalu, n. = i-nTlakantlaka.

i-nTlama n. Dough, generally; particular-
ly, the grain for making utshwala, which
is ground in a moist state and so forms
a dough of crushed amabele or mealies.

Phr. irikomo ka'Bani y'intlama, So-and-
so's beast is dough i. e. very fat.

i-nTlamba (Tlambha), n. Offensive or
opprobrious name given to, or statement
made against, a person which reflects
in an incriminating or dishonouring
manner on his good reputation = isi-
Tuko. Cp. isi-Hlamba [Her. yambu-
rura, to abuse].

Ex. unentlamba uBand, he has abusive
talk, has So-and-so, as when he is given to
calling people by insulting or opprobrious
names.

i-nTISmbi (Tlaambhi), n. Skilled swimmer;

also applied to a skilful dancer. >>■>•

hlamba.
i-nTlamvazana, n. Small sized cow or

heifer of a light brown colour. See

i-n Tlamvukazi.
i-nTlamvu, n. = u(lu)-Hlamvu.

i-nTlamvubele (no plur.), n. Tiny berry or
berries of the U-Popopo and u-Maguqu
bushes.

i-nTlamvukazi (s.k.),n. Cow of a light

brown colour. Cp. i-nTlamvazana.

TLA 634

i-nTlandhiokazi (s. k.), ». -Jackal Buzzard j i
(Bitten Jakal) = i-nDhlandhlokazi.

i-nTlanga (Tlaanga), n. Sharp slit or in-
cision, made in the skin with a knife,
and generally made in rows with several
slits in one row, to l-elieve pain, insert
medicine, or in former times by girls
as an ornamentation of the body (chiefly
on the belly, upper-arm and shoulders);
(yen. in plur.) pattern on earthenware
pots consisting of squares of beads or
warts resting obliquely one against the
other or otherwise = u(lu)-Hla?Kja [Her.
tyanga, make incisions; Sw. ehanjo,
incision].

Pin". uBani wahlatskwa mtlanga, So-and-
so was given the trade-mark or brand (of
an umtakati, etc., by his father, while still
a child), i.e. he was doctored by him so
thai lie might follow him in the profession.

i-nTlanganisela, n. Miscellaneous collection,
collection of things of various kinds, as
of food, contents of a book, a composite
regiment, etc.

i-nTlangano, //. Meeting of ways; conflu-
ence of two rivers; meeting or assem-
bling of people (= um- Hiring ano) ; place
where people habitually meet or come
i "-ether, as at the great kraal, church,
or market-place (loc. gen. e-nTlangano) ;
certain place in the framework of a Na-
tive hut where the arches of the wattle
sides meet; league, agreement, alliance,
as between two parties. See hlangana.

i-nTlangano-mazinyo-qinile, n. Friendship
or acquaintance with one another of
people who have become associated, not
in their childhood, but in adult age,
'.;/., friendship formed between a new/
comer and old inhabitant of any district,
or between the women of a kraal who
have come to know each other only
after marriage.

Ex. bay'intlanganoma \ inyoqinile oBani
noBani, So-and-so are friends made in after-
life.

i-nTlanganya, n. Certain sea-fish, having
a red mouth (X).

i-nTlangu, n. Reed-buck = um-Ziki, um-
Sagogo.

N.B. This buck is supposed to be; of had

omen if eaten by a girl; it will cause her
to hear children with ugly blue eyes, etc.

i-nTlangwane (Tlaangwane), n. Snake of
the puff-adder variety, but of more slen-
der body and not so dangerously poi-
sonous = u-Mantlangwana. Cp. i(li)-
Bululu.

i-nTlantana (s. f.), n. Parasitical plant, burn-
ed for medi< inal purposes.

i-

i-

i-

TLA

-nTlanti (s.t.),n. Small sack, of goat,
sheep or buck-skin, for carrying medi-
cines, grain, etc. = i-mBeka, um-Futo,
i-nQalati.

-nTlantla (Tlaantla),n. (C.N.)=i-nTlahla.

-nTlantlana, n. Climbing forest-plant, used
as a love-emetic by young men, etc.

-nTlantlato, n. — see i-Ntlantlato.

-nTlantula (s. t.), n. Swift runner or walk-
er; young sprightly person generally
(without regard to swiftness) = i-nTsha-
ntshula. See hlantula.

-nTlantsi (s.t.),n. Spark, of fire (i.e.
burning metal or wood — cp. i(li)-Ju-
beta ) ; very nice, pretty -looking person ;
very smart {i.e. clever, or cunning)
person [Her. o-hande, spark].

-nTlanzane, n. Native custom of bringing
the cattle home for milking at about
11a. m., at which time the herd-boy also
receives his midday meal and immedi-
ately after takes the cattle out again to
pasture (the word is used idiomatically
as an adverb). See u-Ntlanzane.

Ex. ixinkomo xiyakubuya intlanxane, the
cattle will come back for a midday milking.

ixinkomo ziy'aluka intlanxane, the cattle
are going out again to pasture after having
returned for a midday milking.

kusasa i&inltomo xiyakwaluka intlanxane,
to-morrow the cattle will be herded with a
midday milking.

ngafika ngesikati sentlanxanc, I arrived
at the midday milking time.

nTlanzelo, n. Any wash-water (i.e. in
which things have been washed or rins-
ed out); more particularly, beer-water,
i. e. water in which the beer-strainer is
rinsed out after each straining, and
which is afterwards drunk when the
beer itself is finished ; (N) also = xmi-
Cobozo.

nTlanzi, n. Fish (i.e. single specimen
thereof); meat thereof [Ga. che-nyanja,
fish; nyanja, sea; Bo. chafi, fish; At.
eja; Bag. dza; Mai. ikan. Cp. hlanza}.
N. B. The Zulus as a nation regard fish
as a 'disgusting' thing and therefore never
eat it. Some clans, however, resident along
the coast, and chiefly in Natal, have, through
familiarity with the sea, or more probably
famine, become fish-eaters since the time of
Shaka'a devastations.

nTlashane, n. Two plants resembling
fennel ( Cnidium Kraussianum and
Lichtensteinia interrupta), one having
a yellow flower and eaten as imi-fino,
the other having a white flower and
used only as mna-ka and as medicine
for chest complaints = i-nTlwashane.

TLA

i-nTlasundu, n. (N) = i-nGqasundu.

i-nTlatu (Tlathu), n. Natal python (Hor-
tulia Natalensis) much used by aba-
Ngoma, whose possessing spirit is sup-
posed to provide each with ono, the fal
of which is used for anointing the body
in order to secure the favour of the said
spirit = i-nTlwati. Cp. n(lu)-Monya
[Sw. chain, boa; Bo. satu; Her. o-ndara].

i-nTlava (no plur.), n. Maize grub (= is-
Angeokolo, isi-Hlava, isi-Gogeo, urn-
Swenya); habitation thereof within the
maize-stalk ; any very fat animal (from
resemblance to'this grub = i-uTlama);
certain bird, the Honey-guide, of which
there are several varieties (Indicator
major, Tndic. minor, etc. i-nTlavebi-
zelayo, u-Nomtsheketshe, (N) i-nGede,
i-nTlamvu)\ scolding, much-talking fe-
male.

i-nTlavazana, n. = i-nTlamvazana.

i-nTlavebizelayo, n. Honey-guide (see above
— i-nTlava); scolding, much-talking fe-
male.

i-nTlavukazi (s.k.),n. = i-nTlamvukazi.

i-nTlawulo, n. Anything paid as a fine,
penalty, reparation, etc., for wrong or
injury done. See hlaumla.

i-nTlayenza, n. A common, daily affair;
a quite natural thing, done by every-
body (from umu-Hla and enza).

Ex. usola-ni? intla-yenxa leyo? what are
you finding fault with? that thing of daily
occurrence, common to every man ?

izi-nTlayintlayi (no sing.), n. = ama-Hla-
yihlayi.

izi-nTlayiya (no sing.), n. = ama-Hlayi-
I) layi.

i-nTlebo, n. Information, gen. of a secret
nature, privately made known to another.
See hlebela.

i-nTlekabayeni (s. k.; no plur.), n. Small
girls (collect), up to about 14 years of
age, who 'laugh at everything' without
offence (lit. those who laugh at the
bridegroom's people).

i-nTlekantlekane (s. k.), n. A mutual or
general laughing at one another.

i-nTlekentleke (s.k.),n. Anything stretch-
ed or opened out broadly, as a big wide
mouth, an iqoma with an unusually
wide mouth, or a tree with branches
spreading far out horizontally.

i-nTlekwane (s.k.).n. = u-Ntlekwane.

i-nTlendhla, n. Barbed assegai (cp. i(li)-
Tata); a crescent moon, as seen in the
first or last quarter; certain zigzag pat-
tern in beadwork (— i(li)-Gwinci).

635 TLI

i-nTlengane, v. Certain antelope (? Living-
stone's A.).
i-Tlengentlenge, n. amarHlengehlenge.

i-nTlengetwa (Tlengethwa),n. - i-mPepo;

(C.N.) cold wind' from the South (see
Hlonipa Words).
i-nTlengo, //. That quality of mind which
favours one's own, prejudice, lack of
unbiassed sincerity or fairness.

Ex umuntu ongena'ntlengo, a person fair-
minded to all, unprejudiced, frank, without
favour.
i-nTlese, n. The finer or bottom portion
of the utshwala squeezings or dregs,
which are usually mixed up again with
new malt and made into beer; such
light beer itself = i-nTsehle.
i-nTlewuka (s. k.), n. Subsidence or slip of
soil on the steep side of a hill or bank,
or the place where such has occurred ;
hare-lip, in human beings.
i-nTlezane, n. Kind of long succulent

grass chewed by children.
i-nT!Vkintliki (s.k.),n. — ama-Hlikihliki.
i-nTliziyo, n. Heart, whether in physical or
metaphorical sense; hence, mind (apart
from the intellect), one's sentimental or
emotional faculties, feelings, conscience,
will, likings, desire, appetite, etc. (= urn-
Xwele, um-Pimbo) [Skr. hrid, heart;
Sw. moyo, heart (physical); roho, dis-
position; Ga. moyo, heart; Reg. mn-
tima ; Her. omu-tima ; Di. po].

Ex. wngisena' ntlixiyo, I have no longer
any spirit, desire, or encouragement from
within.

loko kwamqeda intlixiyo, that took or drove
all the spirit, energy, courage, hopefulness,
out of him.

intlixiyo yo/mi angisayixwa, I no longer
feel my heart, *. e- my better feelings i as
guiding to more reasonable action) are dead-
ened within me, I am no longer able to
listen to reason.

umximba kawuseko, kuxwa intlixiyo rye,
my body exists no more, is as good as dead :
I feel or live only in my mind.

intlixiyo iyacasuxela, my heart (or stom-
ach) is squeamish, inclined to vomit.

intlixiyo iyaeasukela y'iloko, my heart dis-
likes, feels repugnance at, that = iyanengica
y'iloko.

ukuba 'ntlixiyo 'mhlope, to be calm at
heart, clear, peaceful, unruffiing by any un-
pleasant emotion.

ukuba 'ntlixiyo 'bamvu for 'nkulu), to In-
raw at heart, smarting with angry ill-feeling.
ukuba 'ntlixiyo 'mnyama, to be black at
heart i <. have no appetite at all for food.
ukuba 'ntlixiyo' mle (or 'banxi), to be loir:

TLO

636

suffering, patient, qo< quick to complain or
get angry.

ukuba 'ntlixiyo 'mfuskaiie, to be .short or
quick tempered, easily put but.

ukuba 'ntlixiyo'mbi, to be cross, out of
temper, in a bad temper.

uku-lilaba intlixiyo, to please one, be ac-
cording to one's heart's desire or taste.

uku-hlaha umuntu etttlixiyweni, to -pierce
one in the heart, i. e. to say or do something
painful to him.

P. ukufa kwentlixiyo ng'umxwangedtoa, the
dying of the heart is a thing felt only by
oneself, i.e. mental affliction is only known
to the sufferer, is not fully realised by others.

i-nTloh lamakwelo (Tlohlamakhwelo), n.
(N.) = i-mFundamakwelo.

i-nTloko (s. k. loc.entloko,), ». The foremost
or leading thing, the head (now almost
obsolete in Zululand, as applied to the
physical head of man or beast, except
in the following cases, i(li)-Kanda bein.u
the word in use); head of a slaughtered
ox or other domestic animal when eaten
as food, not applied to the head of such
animal while still living — see isi-Nkutu,
for head of buck); top-knot of a wrornan
(this is the common use in Zululand,
where, however, the present custom of
long topknots was only introduced in
the reign of Mpande, previous to which
they were short); head of a troop or
body of cattle, soldiers, or wagons mov-
ing in a long stream, foremost of a train
( i(li)-Kala, isi-Hloko); foremost or
chief among any particular class or so-
ciety of people, as the inkosikazi among
the other wives; originals, fountain head,
from which a herd of cattle has been
bred (= i(li)-Kala, isi-Hloko) [Her. ho-
/></orr/, head a troop, lead; e-honga, o-
hongora, leader, foremost; Sw. ongoza,
head or lead; ki-ongozi, leader; Cam.
mO'lopo, head; Mid. Nig. lirtukpo, head;
Cong. Forest Dwarfs, ma-bongo, head;
Kamb. chongo, head the root twe, with
one or other of the prefixes, being the
term for head commonest among the
Rantu languages].

Ex. ufike ngalo leli (ilanga) elis'entloko,
In' arrived this very day (or month).

kwahamba yena inll<>l;<> yoke, he went, he
himseli M'.X.i

1'lir. bapumile ngentioko yabo, they have
gone out head and all, i. e. the whole body
of them, in full fom.

niyakukupuka ngentioko yenu, you shall
come up in full strength, - the whole lot of

you.
i-nTlokosela (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = i-nKohlisa.
i-nTlokoshane (s. k.),n. Two kinds of bush

i-

i-

i-

TLU

( Rhus lucida or i-nTloko. ebomvu, and
Rhus puberula or i-nTloko. emhlope),
bearing small edible berries = i-nTlo-
koshiyane.

nTlokoshiyane (s.k.),n. = v-nTlokoshane.
nTlola, n. Any one of the bones used
for divining purposes by an inyanga

//amatambo = i-mPengu.

nTloli.w. Spy, scout, such as could be
sent out seei-etly and alone (cp. i-nTsaba,
u-Mashulubezi); hedge-hog (Erinaeeus
frontalis), found up-country and an im-
portant Zulu medicine for takata, etc.
Cp. i-nTlomeli.

nTlomeli, n. = i-mBonisi.

nTloni (for izi-nTloni), n. = ama-Hloni.

nTlontla (for izi-nTlontla),n. Diaphragm.

nTlontlo (Tloontlo), n. Point of land jut-
ting forward and narrowing towards the
end, as a peninsular — like the formation
between the two parts of a river where
it bends sharply back on itself, or as a
strip of sand jutting out into a river;
kraal of expediency for cattle, built for
some particular purpose away from the
residential kraal (= i(li)-Tanga); cer-
tain lump of meat beneath the um-Hlo-
lolwane, above the kidney on each side
of an ox.

nTlontlosi, n. Utshwala, or amasi, gone
acid through exposure to the sun, etc.
= isi-Hlwihlwihlwi, i-nTlungivane. Cp.
i(li)-Qokolo.

nTlontlwane, n. Species of euphorbia
tree, growing tall, but of narrow, confin-
ed body. Cp. um-Hlontlo.
nTlonze, n. Vertical wrinkle or fold of
the skin running up from the nose be-
tween the eyes (cp. um-Qwebti); the
foreskin of the penis; skin of the head
of a slaughtered ox, which is cooked
and eaten by the boys. it*. ~ j ur*. 6-i~
nTlopolo (Tlopholo), n. Person with small
low forehead, from the hair growing
low down over the eyes. Cp. i-Nundu.

nTlosa, n. Unripe ear of amabele roasted
over the flame of a fire, the roasted
grains being then knocked off into a dish
for eating, and called by this name;
small swelling of the salivary glands in
a child, beneath the ear, and supposed
to be due to the child having eaten roast-
ed amabele as above = i-nTsohla. Cp.
isi- Gqila.

nTlubuyeli, n. Slip-knot. See hlubuyela.
Cp. i(li)-Findo.

nTlulo, n. Harsh, hard, tyrannous treat-
ment, as of a master towards his ser-
vant.

TLU

Ex. a Hi i ni
So-aud-so is
ment.

i-nTlumayo, n.

unentlulo for
larsh, umliilv

iit/'cif.ii iiitlitln),

lard in his treat-

u(lu)-Dumba.

i-nTlumba (Tlumbha), n. Single small par-
ticle of flesh in the human body, general-
ly along the spine, about tin' knees, etc.,
in which the parasite cysticercus cellu-
loses (young of tapeworms), or some
similar parasite, lies embedded, and
which grains of flesh art1 extracted by
the Native doctors when treating this
disease; might also be applied to trichin-
osis.

i-nTlungunyembe (Tlungunyembhe), n.
Bushmen's Poison-bush (Acocanthera
Tkunbergii or spectabilis), a bush bear-
ing purple grape-like berries — the
whole plant being highly poisonous, and
as such used to be employed by the
Bushmen for poisoning arrows, and is
still administered to dogs as a cure for
distemper (see u-Sekela) and by the
Xosas for snakebite and redwater;
utshwala turned sour from the sun, etc.
(= %-nTlungwane); sad-looking, tearful
eyes -- only used in sing, (see u(lu)-
Hlweza).

i-nTlungwane,w. Utshwala turned acid from
the sun, etc. (— i-nTlungunyembe);
brackish water, with a salty, acid, or
metallic taste.

i-nTlunu, n. Vagina femince = um-Sunu
[Gr. hustera, womb; Lat. puclens, mod-
est; Sw. kuma, vagina].

N.B. intlunu ka'nyoko.' or intlunu yenja!
ate common words of contemptuous obscene
abuse.

i-nTlunuyamanzi.M. Natal Kingfisher
(Ispidina Natale?isis), also malachite
Kingfisher ( Gorythornis cyanostigma)
= isi-Pikeleli.

i-nTlunu-yomntwana (s. i.), n. Small veldt
shrub ( Vangueria latifoiia) bearing
edible berries = i-nKabayomntwana.

i-nTlute (Tluthe), n. (N) = isi-Fuee.
i-nTluzele, n. = i-nDhluzele.
i-nTluzi,«. One who knows how to strain
beer well. See hluza.

i-nTluzwa, it. Person or thing that has
lost or become bared of everything, as
a tree robbed of all its branches, or a
man no longer possessed of cattle, child-
ren, etc. ■=*. i-mPundhle.

i-nTlwa, u. Certain flying-ant (more com-
monly called i-nTlwabusi in Zululand);
person utterly destitute or bare, without
cattle, wives, children, or even clothing
{i.e. stark naked = u(lu)'Hlwa).

637 TO

Ex. uBani m'e'ntlwa for us'el'v.hhca), So-
and-so is now quite hare i whether destitute
or naked i.

i-nTlwabusi (with plur.), n. Species of ter-
mite or white-ant in the flying Stage, and
of a smaller size, browner colour and
more delicate flavour i they being eaten )
than the i(li)-Hlwabusi i-nTlwa. Cp.
umu-Hl wa ; isi-Hlwana.

i-nTlwana, n. (N) - i-mBongolwana.

i-nTlwanyelo, n. Seed (collect.), of mis-
description, for planting purposes
i-mBewu. See hlwanyela.

i-nTlwashane, n. = i-nTlashane.

i-nTlwati (Tlwathi), n. = i-nTlatu; also

i-nTlashane.
i-nTlwatu (Tlwathu), n. = i-nTlatu.
i-nTlwenga, n. Circlet of beadwork, formed

like a three-corned rope, and worn on

head, neck, leg, etc. (N).

izi-nTlwengela, n. = ama-Hluluhlulu.

izi-nTlweza, n. — see u(lu)-Hliveza.

To, ukuti (Tho, ukuthi), v. = tontsa.

i-nTo (s.t.),n. Thing, in all its meanings;
hence, an article, object; matter, affair,
subject; plur. izi-nTo, goods, chattels,
wares, articles of property = v(lu)-To;
cp. i-mPahla [Ga. Bo. ki-ntw, MZT. chi-
ntu; Ya. in-du; Sw.ki-tu; Her. otyi-na].

Ex. ngikuluma into elcona, I speak a thing
which exists = an actual fact.

enye into leyo, that is another thing, an-
other matter.

alnCnto ya'luto, it is not a thing of any-
thing = it is a thing of no service, a useless
article, good for nothing; or, it is a matter
of no consequence.

into kodtva, ningashiyi imbuxi, there is
this, however, (or, for one thing, however),
don't leave behind the goat.

Phr. o'nto'ni? what is it? what news? (C.N.).

isi-To (Tho), n. Lower leg {i.e. between
the knee and the foot — cp. u- Galo ) ;
(in a more particular sense) the calf, of
same (cp. isi-Hluzu; isi-Tumbu); (in a
general sense) any bodily limb or mem-
ber; any particular part or portion of
a slaughtered beast ( such as have spe-
cial distinguishing names), as the i-nTso-
ny a in a, um-Kono, etc.
u(lu)-To (Tho), n. Thing; something, any-
thing. Cp. i-nTo.

Ex. ly'ini-ke?' 'Luto' ( being abbreviation
for aku'luto), 'what is it?' 'nothing'.

aku'luto Mo, that is nothing, no matter,
of no consequence.

alai'mkonto wa'luto, it is not an assegai of
anything, i.e. of any service, it is a worthless
assegai.

/

TO

638

TO

Phr. uto olu'manxi, a moist thing, i.e. a
girl i C.X.i.

kungabi 'lushicana-, let it not be i even i
a little thing, i. e. let it be less than little,
a very small quantity, a least hit or drop.

uDtimexweni icafhka wakipa o'nto ti'ma-
simba, Dumezweoi g<>t to let out fecal things
i. c tilthv language.

wavuka, wa'luto lunjeya! he got roused
up, he was in that state (with anger)! i.e.
he was in an awful rage, was quite furious.

Toba (s. t.), v. Get softened (used in perf.),
as a potato by cooking, a peach by rip-
ening, or an abscess by fomentations;
get appeased, have one's heart softened,
as an angry man = tikuti tobololo, to-
bokala [Her. tumba, soften].

Toba (Thoba),v. Bend down {trans.), as
the body (ace), or a wattle; bow down,
lower, as the head, or eyes; be bended
or bowed down, or lowered, as above
(used in perf.); go down, subside, as a
swelling, or a full river (= bohla);
poultice, foment, lit. bring down, re-
duce, as a swelling or painful inflam-
mation by poulticing or fomentations;
•poultice' (metaphor.), reduce the heat
of, appease, as an angry heart or per-
son; lower the head angrily, as a bull
when showing fight (— jama). Cp. to-
ba (s.t.) [Her. tumba, subside; Sw. tu-
mbukiza, lower].

Ex. uku-xi-toba, to humble or submit
oneself.

umuntu otobileyo, an humble person.

i(li)-Toba (Thoba), n. Name sometimes
applied to an ox that has 'lowered' one
of its horns, i.e. has it bent downwards
( til'- other standing upright cp. i(li)-
Godhla; i(li)-Hlawe; um-Dhlovu); nine.

Toba-munwe-munye (Thoba.), adj. Nine =
isi-Shiyangalolunye.

Toba-minwe-mibili (Thoba.), n. — isi-Shiya-
ngalombili.

i(li)-Tobana (Thoba mi), n. Person with
one eye more closed than the Other from
a drooping of the eyelid. Cp. i(li)-Cide.

Tebe, ukuti (Thebe, ukuthi),v. Give a
thing a slight bend or bending press,
as below = tobeza; get so bent orbend-
ingly pressed = tobezeka.

Tobeka (Thobeka),v. Gel benl down, as
above Bee toba; get or be humbled
(used in pert-.).

Tobeza or Tobezela (Thobeza), v. Bend
down by slight pressure (trans.), make
yield slightly in a bending manner, as
a long stiff wattle (ace.) when subjecting
it to a curving pressure in order to
make it slightly bow-shaped or pliant,

or as a woman does the long hair (ace.)
at the top of her top-knot bending it
inwards so as to fill up or conceal the
empty cavity there; bend inwards and
bind down in a similar way straggling
displaced thatch on a hut or so as to
fill up an adjacent hole; conceal the
holes or raggedness of one's isidwaba
by covering it up with some other loin-
covering or blanket. Cp. toba; gobezeta.

Tobisa (s. t.), v. Soften a thing (ace), ap-
pease a person (ace), etc., as above -
see toba (s. t.) = tobokalisa, ukuti to-
bololo.

Tobo, ukuti (ukuthi; s,t.),v. Yield softly
to pressui'e, as anything of the nature
of an i-nTobontobo = tobozeka ; press
softly, such a thing (ace.) = toboza; sit
or lie comfortably on anything softly
yielding to pressure, as a feather bed
= tobozela; get softened, become soft,
as a cooking potato or ripening peach
= toba; make so to become soft, soften,
as such a potato (ace.) by cooking =
tobisa. See ukuti foto, ukuti tofo.

i(li)-Tobo (Tobho), n. Certain running plant,
sometimes cultivated by the Natives,
having a fine red fruit, like a tomato ; a
smooth, hairless head ( shaven or bald ).

isi-Tobo (s. t.), n. Man's after-dress formed
of 'tails' resembling the i(li)-Gqibo but
very much longer, and mostly made of
twisted goat-skin. Cp. um-Qubula; isi-
Tinti; i(li)-Dhlaka.

isi-Tobo (Thobo), n. Poultice, fomentation,
or other medicine for laying on a swel-
ling or inflammation; plur. izi-Tobo, ap-
peasing words calculated to reduce a

man's anger.

um-Tobo (Thobo), n. 5. Scrofulous swelling
or swellings anywhere about the body
(cp. i(li)-Dunguza); (C.N.) certain herb,
used as a poultice.

Tobokala (s. /.; s. k.), v. Be in a softened
state (used in perf.), as a boiled sweet-
potato, or a ripe peach; be in an unduly
soft, sodden state, as over-boiled meat;
give way, fall or shrink in, from pres-
sure, weight, drying up, as the sides of
an unbaked clay-pot while still fresh, a
^all-bladder, or a heap of sacks when
sat upon. Cp. toba; tobozeka.

Tobokalisa (s.t.; s.k.),v. Cause a thing
(ace.) to be in a softened, sodden, of
i'allen-in state, as above. Cp. tobisa,
toboza.

Tobololo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = toba,
tobokala; tobisa, tobokalisa.

i-nT6bontobo (s. f.), n. Anything of a soft
nature or substance readily yielding to

TO

the touch, as a very ripe peach, or soft
cushion, or (by comparison) a soft bean
mash = i-mPotompoto, i-mFotomfoto.
See ukuti tobo.

u(lu)-Toboti (Thobothi), n. (C.N.) = = u(lu)-
Tovoti.

Toboza (s.t.),v. Make yield softly to pres-
sure, press, anything (ace.) of the na-
ture of an i-nTobontobo, whether in
touching, sitting, eating, or otherwise;
hence, eat such a thing (ace); (C.N.)
flatter a person (ace), smooth down his
anger (•= topa) = potoza, ukuti tobo;
cp. tobisa, tobokalisa; natuza.

Tobozeka (s.t.; s.Jc.),v. Get so pressed
softly, as above; give, or sink in, softly
under pressure, as an i-nTobontobo ; be
of the softly pressable nature of an
i-nTobontobo = potozeka, ukuti tobo.

Tobozela (s. t.), v. Sit or lie comfortably
upon anything of a softly sinking nature,
as a feather bed = ukuti tobo, ukuti
foto.

Tofo, ukuti (Thofo, ukuthi), v. — ukuti foto.

Tofoka (Tltofoka), v. = fotoka.

i-nT6fontofo (s. i.), n.= i-niFotom foto, i-nTo-
bontobo.

Tofoza (Thofoza), v. = fotoza ; walk with
a constant sinking movement of the
upper body, as though the legs were
weak.

isi-Tofu (s. t.), n. Cloth, of the thicker kinds,
for tailoring, dressmaking, etc. [Eng.
stuff].

um-Tofu (TJtofu), n. 5. Lead; used con-
temptuously of a hoe when made of soft,
inferior iron [akin to ukuti tofo].

isi-Tohlongwana (Thohlongwana), n. Ugly
little urchin— word of contempt for a
child.

i(li)-Toho (Thoho),n. Togt, day-labour [D.
dag, day].

Ex. uku-bamba itoho, to take a day's
work, work by the day, as a Kafir labourer.

i-nTokanje or Tokanji (s.t.; s.k.),n. What
do you call it? — used when not recollect-
ing the name of any thing = i-nTasika,
i-Nantsika.

i(li), isi or um-Tokazi (Tliokazi), n. 5. A
female thing i.e. animal (= i-nTsikazi,
i(li)-Sikazi; cp. i(li)-Duna); more espec-
ially applied to a heifer calf not yet fit
for the bull (cp. um-Tantikazi; umDu-
dtucazana).

i-nTokazi (s. t.; s. k.), n. Female thing (gen.
with admiration ), hence, a fine female
thing—used of a fine-looking girl or
young-woman — u(lu)-T<>ku~i.

639

u(lu)-Tokazi

TO

(Thokazi), n.

thing (augment,
also — = i-nTokazi.

Any greal or
form of ii(hi)-

season, en-

huge
To);

Tokela (Thokela),v. Improve,
hance the flavour of a thing (ace.) by a
slight intermixture of something else
(with nga), as food, medicines, perfume,

etc., by seasonings. Cp. nonga.

isi-Tokelo (Thokelo),n. Anything used for
flavouring, seasoning, improving, as

above.

u-Tokolo or (more rarely) Tokoloshe (s. /.;
s.k.),n. Fabulous water-baby or Kelpy,
supposed to haunt certain rivers and to
be very fond of women, though fearful
of men [Ngu. Ze. togola, to love].

P. 'tokolo (often pronouueed with the ac-
cent on the first syll.), temba : amatunxi anfe-
hla, cheer up, tokolo ! the shades of evening-
are falling (when the tokolo may conic out
and enjoy himself unseen by men)! — used to
encourage or cheer up u child, etc., with the
hope of a pleasant time drawing near =
never mind! Christmas is coining.

N.B. Every description of clarified oil is
being regularly palmed off on credulous Na-
tives as amafuttt ka'tokoloshe (tokoloshe fat)
by Arabs and others who sell the same, as a
love-charm of wondrous power, at fabulous
prices, sometimes at a sovereign lor a small
bottle !

Tokoloza (s. t.;s.k.), v. = cokoloza; cp. hlo-
koloza.

Tokomala (Thokomala), v. Be or lie snug-
ly i. e. comfortably warm, as within a
feather-bed or large thick blankets.

Tokoza (Thokoza),v. Have1 enjoyment, en-
joy life, as children at a feast; enjoy
happiness, be happy ; feel gladness, be
glad, as a mother when her daughter
bears a child; enjoy good health, as
one's body (cp. pita); feel refreshed
(physically), as a traveller after having
partaken of food (cp. qabula); utter
praise to or of a person ( ace. ), gen.
in order to express gratitude hence, to
thank a person (ace.) for (ace., or with
nga) some gift (= bonga) [Her. yoro-
ka, rejoice].

Ex. b'exa 'kuyitokoxa
came to praise the buck-
given them ) i. e. came to

Tokozela (Thokozela), v.

at; show joyfulness to or towards, greet,
welcome, as a visitor (ace.); express
one's joy or gladness to, congratulate,
as a successful person (ace. with nga) ;
express one's joy or gladness for a per-
son (ace.) regarding some gift (with nga)
i.e. thank on his behalf = takazela.

inyamaxane, they

I which had been
thank for it.

Feel joy for or

TO 640

isi-Tokozelo (Thokozelo), n. (N) = isi-Ta-
kazelo.

uku-Tokozi (Thokozi), n. = uku-Nto.

Tokozisa (Thokozisa), v. Give enjoyment to
a person (aco.), make him happy, glad-
den him, etc.

i-nTokozo (s.t.\ s.k.),n. Happiness or
happy living of every description; health
or comfortable standing, of the body.

Phr. uku-hlaba intokoxo, tit enjoy a happy
life, as in a good home or under an easy
master.

imi or izi-Tokozo (Thokozo), n. 5. Last strug-
gle or contortions of a dying person ;
(C.N.) excrements, vomit, or urine in-
voluntarily passed during such.

isi-Tokwe (s.t.; s.k.),n. Rolled or twisted
tobacco, as prepared by the Boers [D.
sfok, stick; or stronk, strong].

um-Tokwe (Thoktve), n. 5. Certain climb-
ing plant, whose roots are used as fibre;
also = um-Dokwe.

Tola (Thola), v. Get, obtain, as wages (ace),
punishment, sickness, etc.; find, pick up,
as a lost thing ; take into one's family
or under one's patronage, adopt, as a
parentless child or homeless refugee
[Ar. Ufa" a, find; Ya. kola, get; tola,

TO

carry ; Bo. dolu, take ; Sw.

twaa

Ga.
twala]

Ex. ukurtola icala, to get into fault, in-
cur blame.

i(li)-Tola (Thola), n. Spider's hole in the
web (C.N.).

i-nTola (s.t.),n. Scarcity or scantiness of
supply of anything, whether food, cloth-
ing, medicine, etc., as a single suit of
clothes for working and best wear, a
little food that must be sparingly used,
etc.

Ex. Lti't'ir.'i. y'ini, ukuti ukiidhla kwentola?
do you not know, then, that it is the little
food of famine-time '.'

Tolakala (Tholakala), v. Be gettable, ob-
tainable, Emdable.

Tolana (Tholana), v. Get at, or hold of,
another, as two people who have long
ight to 'have it out' (by words or
fighting ).

um-Tolanyama (Tholanyama), n. 5. = wn-
Tolonyama.

i(li)-Tole (Thole), v. Calf (male or female)
when already followed by another from
the same cow, or in the second year
(one still sucking = irnKonyana).

Ex. itok lenkabi, young Bteer, jusl ready
for being inspanned = i-nTlabisamtimba.
Phr. iiil.nii.i is'ematoleni, lie- 'bull' of

the kraal, the 'real' man (i.e. the heir i i>
among the calves (i.e. the young hoys, not
the sons already grown up).

isi-Tole (Thole), n. Heifer, already fit for
the bull, or pregnant with her first calf.
Cp. iini-Tantikazi.

Tolela (Tholela), v. = cokosha.

i(li)-Tolela (Tholela), n. = u-Tasi; also
(C.N.) = i(li)-Tola.

Toli (Tholi), int. said to a person when
requesting him to hand back or deliver
up some property of another which he
has found, etc. == tozi. See tolisela.

um-Toli (Tholi), n. 1. Adopter, one who
has adopted a child or homeless person.
See tola.

Tolisa (Thollsa), v. Make an end of an
already dying or wounded animal (C.N.)
= qedela.

Tolisela (Tholisela), v. Hand back, deliver
up, or return to a person something
(doub. ace.) of his found or in one's
possession = tozisela. See toli.

Tolo, ukuti ( ii hut hi ; s. t.), v. = ukuti tsebu.

Tolo, ukuti (Tholo, ukuthi), v. = toloza.

i-nTolo (s. t.), n. Weakness in the knees,
from some constitutional defect (not from
rheumatism ) — used also of a child that
is unduly long in learning to walk =

i-iiQinaiaba, i-nZenzane.

isi-Tolo (s.t.),n. Shop (of a large size),

as in the towns. Cp. i(li)-Vinkili [Eng.

store].
um-Tolo (Tholo), n. 5. Certain kind of

mimosa, common in the bush veldt;

hence, Black Wattle (from similarity of

habit).
i(li)-Tolonja (Tholonja), n. Creeping plant,

growing on the coast and bearing dark

edible berries; berry of same.

um-Tolonyama (Tholonyama), n. 5. Man-
ure in the cattle-fold moistened by the
urine of cattle = um-Tolanyama.

i(li)-Tolotolwane (Tholothohvane),n. Per-
son of a foolishly nervous, bashful nat-
ure, who becomes scared, doesn't know
what to do, before strangers or those
of the other sex.

Toloza (Tholoza), v. Look about in a
foolishly bashful, nervous, dismayed
manner, as one very nervous before
strangers or ladies, or who has been
caught in some improper action.

i-nTolwane (s.t.),n. Veldt-shrub (Ele-
phantorhiza Burchellii, etc.), of two
kinds — the larger being also called
um-Dabu, whose large red roots are
used medicinally as an astringent for
diarrhoea and as an emetic.

TO

Tomba (Thombha), v. Pass the first geni-
tal discharges <>i' puberty; hence, men-
struate for the first time, as a girl;
reach the age of virility, as a boy ; rust,
as iron; be rilled with red, rust-like
sediment (see i(U)-Tombonkala), as
stagnant marsh-water — in all senses
used in perf. Cp. apuka; potela; i(li)-
Zibuko; ama-Lota [Sw. Ga. Bo. tomba,
have sexual intercourse].

N.B. A girl, upon having her first men-
struation (see um-Oonqo), abstains hence-
forth from eating amasi until her father
slaughters a beast for her by way of puri-
fication (see omnia).

i-nTombazana (Tombhazana), n. Young
girl, i. e. anything from infancy up to a
marriageable age (see i-nTombi); used
by members of a family in reference to
any of their girls, even when marriage-
able or already married women — the
term i-nTombi among such being con-
fined to such 'girls' as could be one's
sweetheart; used also enphem. of a wo-
man's m-/fi(/i (see um-Fana); also ap-
plied to a cowrie-shell, used by bone-
diviners.

Ex. we! leta nantsi-ya iatombaxana yaw/,
I say! bring me that there little-girl of mine
( i. e. night-commode).

i(li)-Tombe (Thombhe), n. Place at the side
of a hut internally where the young
calves and other stock are sometimes
kept; (C.N.) menstrual discharge.

Ex; intombaxana is'etombeni, the girl is
having her monthly flow (C.N.).

isi-Tombe (Thombhe), n. Image or small
clay model of a man, ox, etc., such as
are made by Native children; hence, doll,
image, statue of any kind ; sometimes
applied also to a picture of a man or
beast (not of a house or landscape —
see um-Fanekiso) [Gr. tupos, image].

um-Tombe (Thombhe), n. 5. Kind of wild-
fig tree (Ficus Natalensis), having a
parasitical habit and whose bark is used
for fibre. Cp. tim-Kiwane [Sw. m-tamba,
gigantic kind of fig-tree].

i(li)-Tombenkala (Thombhenkala), n. =
i(li)-Tombonkala.

i-nTombi (Tombhi), ?i. Girl of full-grown,
marriageable age; (in a particular sense)
sweetheart. Cp. i-nTombazana [prob.
akin to tomba q. v. — Sw. Ga. Bo. etc.
ku-tomba, to lie with, have sexual inter-
course with ; Ze. ma-tombo, breasts ; Kag.
ma-tombe; Go. ma-tombu; Sw. mtoto,
girl ; Ru. ki-tntii, young person, m. or
i. ; Kwafi. cndibo, girl; Hu. endito; Ko.
mtengo; Kamb. mtvi-tu].

641 TO

Ex. abak'ontombi, those (people) oi the
girl's place i.e. bridal party, family of lh<'
bride, the bride's people = abantu bak'onto-
mbi, abantu bakubo fca'ntombi, abantu bakona
k'ontombi.

Phr. intombi eseyonke for esapetele), a girl
who is still whole, /. e. a virgin.

P. xiy'afalxiniii, xiy'ebantwini; aku'ntombi
yaganHnyamaxane, the girls reject people,
but only to go to others; there's no girl who
married a wild-beast = don't mind their
jilting, they will eventually come into our
(the men's) net; no girl yet ever went an-
other way.

ubu-nTombi (Tombhi), n. The state or
nature of girl-hood.

\-nTomb\-ka'putwa(Tombhi-ka'phuthwa),n.
= u-Putwa.

Tombisa (Thombhisa), v. Bring about or
induce uku-lomba; hence, attend a girl's
(ace.) first menstruation, taking part in
the ceremonies accompanying such an
event, as do her companions from the
surrounding neighbourhood; cause to
rust, as iron.

isi-Tombiso (Thombhiso), n. Any practice,
medicine, song, etc., intended to help
forward the uku-tomba q. v. of young
boys or girls, as the dance-songs per-
formed at this latter's first menstru-
ation.

isi-Tombo (Thombho), n. Seedling, young
tree, mealie-plant, etc., up to about one
foot in height; fine healthy growth in a
child, filling out and increasing height
in good proportion (for mere slender
height, see i(li)-Tambo).

Ex. kana'sitombo lo'mnt/cana, imeta/mbo
elide rye, this child doesn't fill out propor-
tionately or grow well in body, he merely
grows tall.

um-Tombo (Thombho), n. 5. Certain run-
ning herb ( Cissampelos torulosa), whose
milky and very bitter roots are used for
scrofulous swellings and chewed for
toothache ; spring, of water (= isi-Petu ) ;
plur. imi-Tombo, malt i. e. sprouted
Kafir-corn or mealies, for making beer.

Phr. indhlu inemitombo, the hut has
springs, i.e. is perennially damp (from sub-
surface drainage).

i(li)-Tombonkala (Thombhonkala), n. Red
rust-like sediment thick in stagnant
marsh-water; such water itself.

um-Tomboti (Thombhotlu). n. 5. Certain
tree (Excaicaria Africana), whose scent-
ed wood is used as amaka and for
making necklaces. See v(lu)-Bande [Sw.
imbite, tree with brown and yellow-
striped and scented wood].

41

/

TO

642

TO

i(li)-Tome or Tomu (s.t.),n. Bridle, of
harness [D. toom].

isi-Tomiyana (Thomiyana), n. = i-nTsho-
nakweneni.

i ( I i ) - T o n d o (Thondo), n. Certain forest
climber, used medicinally for chest com-
plaints and scrofula.

i-nTondo (s.t.),n. Immense quantity or
number, as of corn, money or cattle;
certain small plant {Aryyrolobium mar-
ginatum ), or small tuberous root there-
of' said to be good for hiccups and eaten
in time of famine [Her. oku-tuta, to ac-
cumulate].

isi-Tondo (Thondo), n. Place outside a
kraal where urine is usually thrown or
passed.

um-Tondo (Thondo), n. 5. Penis maris
( — i-n-Jikiiijiki; cp. um-Nqundu, i(li)-
Kinqi, isi-Kaba, um-Nqambo; i-nKa-
nda); hence, urine (= um-Shobingo);
sometimes used for 'offspring, issue' of
a man, or 'foetus, calf in the womb of a
cow [cp. tunda; L. Cong, tonda, love;
Her. ronda, cover, as a bull; oma-tuta,
urine; Sw. mtoto, child; At. ito, urine].
Ex. kimgati (inkomaxi) inomtondo, it (the
cow i would appear to have a penis, i.e.
have a foetus (following an effective cov-
ering).

i-nTondolo (s.t.),n. = um-Tondolo.
um-Tondolo (Thondolo),n.5. Gelded sheep

or goat, a wether. Cp. i-nKabi.
i(li) or isi-Tondolozi (Thondolozi), n. =■

i(li)-Tonqa.

urn -Tonga (Thong a), n. 1. One who invites
or organises a hunt; Native blacksmith
(prob. from their being freq. Tongas).
Cp. i(li)-Lala; isi-Tando.

i-nTonga (s.t.),n. = i-nDuku (nearly ob-
solete among men, though used by women
for hlonipa purposes ) ; formerly used
of a gun (see isi-Bamu) [Sw. gongo,
long thick stick; Her. oru-hongue, rod].

isi -Tonga (Thonga), n. Quality, character
or appearance of a person, etc., by which
he becomes imposing or commanding,
impressing with power; prestige, influ-
ence, moral weight (= isi-Tunzi); also
= um-Guluguza\ (N) variety of the
sweet-potato. Cp. tony a.

Ex. lasina kahle (lelo'bandhla), lull ucni-
tonya, it danced well I did that company),
there was something impressing or command-
ing about it.

N.B. Thefruit of the isi-Tonga tree < Strych-
Mackenii), very like the i(H)- Hlala,

-aid to be generally eaten by the Tongas.
- newhat strangely this same tree, or one

much resembling it, is called iu Sw. m-tonga

and iu Gu. ma-tonga.

i(li)-Tongo (Thongo), n. Ancestral spirit
= i(li)-Dhlozi [Bo. u-togozi, praise ; MZT.
i-saku, evil-spirit; Ga. mgogwi].

P. itongo liyabekelwa, the ancestral-spirit
(in which you trust that it be always look-
ing after you) is looked for, i.e. is assisted
in its work of looking out for dangers =
don't trust to your guardiau-spirit alone to
keep you from harm, while you yourself are
neglectful ; God protects those who protect
themselves.

T-nTongo (s. L), n. for izi-nTongo - - see
u(lu)-Tongo.

isi-Tongo (Thongo), n. A long nap, good
long sleep, as of a sick person, for a
few hours.

u(lu)-Tongo (Thongo — commonly in plur.
i-nTongo, s. t.), n. Dry matter or humour
(a single particle) caked at the edges of
the eyelids (when moist — see ubu-Tuku;
ti(lu)-Biki) [Bo. tongo, matter from the
eyes].

ubu-Tongo (Thongo), n. Sleep [Lur. botu,
to sleep; Bar. totu; cloto, sleep; Her.
kotura, be sleepy ; Ga. tulo, sleep — cp.
i(li)-Tunzi\.

Ex. uku-kwelwa ubutongo, to be overcome
with sleepiness.
uku-ba nobutongo, to be sleepy.
uku-tola ubutongo, to obtain sleep.
uku-lala ubutongo. to sleep.

Tongo tongo, ukuti (Thongo thongo, uku-
thi), v. Be thoroughly done up, ener-
vated, without strength, as the body
from sickness or exhaustion = tongoza,
totongeka, ukuti lisa.

Tongoza (Thongoza), v. — ukuti tongo to-
ngo.

i(li)-Tongwane (Thongwane), n. Fruit (not
edible ), or merely the hard empty shell
thereof, of one kind of the um-To-
ngtuane tree, and which are used as snuff-
boxes = i(li)-Yezane. See i-nTongwane.
N.B. The pulp of these small gourd like
fruits must never be extracted within the
vicinity of a kraal, lest the seeds grow and
the kraal-inmates die. They are therefore
picked out clown at the river, where the pips
may be carried off by the water! May-be
experience has showu there to be something
poisonous or unhealthy in the tree.

i-nTongwane (s. t.), n. Red edible berry of
one kind of the um-Tongwane tree.

um-Tongwane (Thongwane), n. 5. Two dif-
ferent trees, one ( Chrysophyllum Nata-
lense) bearing the red edible berry
(i-nTongwane), and the other (Oncoba

TO 643

sphwsa) bearing a hard-shelled, small
calabash-like fruit (i(li)-Tongwane).

u(lu)-nTonjana ('dim. form of nTombi), u.
The little, good-for-nothing girl or girls
of any particular kraal or locality. Cp.
n(lu)-Fazazana.

i(li)-Tonqa (Thonqa), n. Handsome, nice-
looking person, of medium height and
plumpness; any handsome, fine-looking
thing, as an isi-Nene, isi-Qopela, or a
knobkerry of shortish but proportion-
ately bulky size = i(li)-Tondolozi.

i(li)-Tonqana (Thonqana), n. Handsome,
nice-looking little person or thing, as
above.

Tonta (Thonta), v. = tontsa.

Tonte, ukuti (Thbnte, ukuthi), v. Hop, as
a bird = tontela; perch, as a bird or
cat on a branch = tontoza.

Tontela (Thontela),v. Hop along or about, as
a bird about the yai*d ; also = tontoza.

u-Tonti (Thonti), n. in form of oka'Tonti, a
name given (collect.) to a certain kind
of black beads with white stripes.

Tonto, ukuti (Thbnto, ukuthi), v. Perch,
stand or sit on an elevated object, as a
bird or cat on a tree, or a man on a
hut-top = tontoza, tontela, ukuti coka.

i(li)-Tonto (Thonto), n. = i(li)-Gwele.

isi-Tonto (Thonto), n. Small bundle, suffic-
ient to be encompassed by both hands,
of anything having length, as of tobacco,
rushes, sticks, etc. (= isi-Tungu; cp.
i(li)-Tapo); a middle-sized person; (N)
= i(li)-Qinqa.

isi-Tontolo (Thontolo), n. Bow-like musical
instrument with the string bound down
to the middle of the bow. Cp. ti(lu)-
Gibane; um-Qangala.

Tontota (Thontotha), v. = cacaza.

Tontoza (Thontoza), v. = ukuti tonto.

Tontsa (Thontsa), v. Drop or drip, as any
liquid from on high (= contsa ) ; ( me-
taphor.) drop in or appear very rarely,
as a friend that seldom visits [Her. to-
ta, drop; Sw. tona; Ga. tonda, a drop].

Ex. kade utontsiswa y'ini namhlanje? what
ever has made you drop from your place,
brought you down here to-day? — as said to
a person who very rarely shows himself.

Fhr. ulcamba luka'Bani kalutontsi, So-aud-
so's beer-pot doesn't leave its place or go
dropping about here and there = it is very
precious to her, there is no possibility of
her lending it to you.

uBani katontsi ku'bautabake, So-and-so is
very much prized, /. e. esteemed, loved, by
his children (they won't hear any ill word
said against him).

TO

um-Tontsela (Thonteela mostly in plur.
imi-Tonteela), n.5. Mere drop of a thing
here and there, as a few mealies about
a field, people coming in drop-wise or
being few at a feast, or anything else
scattered about sparsely.

i(li)-Tontsi (Thontsi), n. Drop, such as of
liquid falling; sometimes used for 'a
tiny bit', of solids (= i(li)-Contsi) ; one
of the ama-Tontsi band of isirGodhlo
girls of Cetshwayo, being the first such
band formed by him (see i-nKwelemba;
i(li)-Beja).

Tontsi tontsi, ukuti (Thontsi thontsi, uku-
thi), v. = ukuti pose pose.

Tontsiza (Thontsiza), v. = -ukuti pose pose.

Tonya (Thonya), v. Gain or possess some
occult, hynoptic-like ascendancy over
another (ace.) by some process of charm-
ing, etc., as one court-favourite over
another, a young-man over his father
or sweetheart so that he can manage
them as be likes, or ar; a dog is suppos-
ed to do by voiding urine over that of
another = qonela; cp. ncindela; puza;
i(li)-Tonya [Her. tona, overcome].

i(li)-Tonya (Thonya), n. Such occult, hyp-
notic-like ascendancy possessed over
another, as above. Cp. isi-Tunzi; tony a.

i-nTonyane (s.t.),n. Small u(lu)-Kamba
or beer-pot; small i-nKezo or beer-ladle.

i(li)-Tonyela (s. t.), n. Anything pulpily soft
to the touch, as a boiled sweet-potato,
or a fat flabby person.

Topa (Thopha), v. Have a fine smooth
glossy surface or skin, as a well-seasoned
knobkerry, a polished table, or a sleek
cow (used in perf. — cp. caca, tawuzela,
totombala ) ; be nicely soft or tender, as
well-cooked food; polish a person (ace.)
up i. e. flatter him by saying nice things
to him and about him, as when seeking
his favour; address a person (ace.) by
some nice fancy or play-name, as in
loving conversation or when coaxing
(= toboza).

T6pe, ukuti (Thbphe, ukuthi), v. Grow
smooth, glossy, polished of surface or
coat, as above = topela; make a thing
(ace.) so to be = topeza, topelisa.

Topela (Thophela), v. = ukuti tope.

Topeza (Thopheza), v. = ukuti. tope.

i(li)-Topi (Thophi), n.

gun [D. doppic].
Topiza (Thophiza), v.

Percussion-cap,
= tapiza.

of

isi-Topiza (Thophiza), n. = isi-Tapiza.

isi-Topo (Thopho), n. Play-name, coaxing-
name, friendly or flattering name, as
used between intimate persons — mosi

41*

\

TO

young people use such names of their
comrades, and each tribe has such names,
used when addressing in a 'nice' man-
ner members of that particular clan.
See topa; isi-Takazelo ; isi-Fenqo.

Tosa (Thosa), v. Pry, roast, bake, as meat
(ace.); toast, as bread [Eng. toast].

urn or u(lu)-Toshane (Thoshane), n. 5. =
i-nGerre.

Tosu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. = ukuti cosu.

Tosuka (s.t.;s.k.),v. = cosuka.

Tosu la (s. t.; s. k.)t v. = cosula.

i-nTosuntosu (s.t.),n. = i-fiCostmcosu.

Tota (Thotha), v. Draw, or place, closely
side by side or together, as one might
a row of books (ace), the wattles in the
framework of a hut, the seams of a
coat, a lot of pots in a hut, or the posts
of a fence. See u(lu)-Toto ; hlangana;
qalingisa.

Totana (Tliothana), v. Be closely packed
side by side or together, as the books,
seams, fence-posts, etc., as above (iised
in peri.).

um-Toti (s. t.), n. now obsolete as a noun,
and used only in the adjectival form
mtoti. Anything sweetly pleasant, deli-
cious to the taste, as meat, cake, good
beer, etc. (not used, as mnandi, of the
other bodily sensations) [Her. tyata,
sweet; Bui. ten].

ubu-Toti (s.t.),n. Pleasantness to the pal-
ate, deliciousness, as above.

Totisa (s. t.), v. Make, any food (ace.) deli-
cious, very pleasant to the taste, as a
good brewer does her beer, or as sugar
docs water = nandisa.

Ex. nM-.ila nyatotisa enyamem, Mzila
makes delicious meat — some Natives beiug
supposed io possess the particular knack or
iortuue of so slaughtering a beast as to
render its flesh unusually agreeable ; and in
a similar way with beer.

uku-totisa amaxele, to make sweet-water
of wmabele stalks | by pounding and then
boiling them i.

isi-Toto (Thotho), n. Euphem. for urn-
Tondo (C.N.).

um-Toto (8.t.),n.5. Small shrub ( Odina
edulis), having very red roots and
black edible berries (= i-nTwakubomvu) ;
any bright reddish-brown thing, as some
cows ( cp. ukuti tsebu).

u(lu)-Toto (Thotho), n. Things standing
close together or side by side, as books
on a shelf, a close set of teeth, pots
packed together, or fence-posts standing
very near each other. See tota; i(li)-
Gqagqa.

644 TO

Totoba (s.t.),v. Go along very slowly,
with short shaky steps, as an aged per-
son or one still very weak from illness
= nonoba [Sw. m-toto, child].

Totobala (Thothobala; sometimes with
s. t.). v. — titibala.

isi or um -Totobala (Thothobala; some-
times with s. t.), n. 5. = isi-Titibala.

i(li)-Totolo (Thotholo), n. Effeminate, weak-
spirited individual, such as a man whom

might be called

a ' child

one might call an 'old woman,' or a

woman who

(C.N.).

i-nTotomba or Totombela (Tothombha), n.
Any nicely 'browned' thing with a
smooth glossy surface, as a mealie-cob
nicely roasted, a meerschaum-pipe well
coloured, or a sleek light-brown cow;
person with a smooth, glossy skin of a
reddish-brown colour; nice, smoothly-
ground, reddish-tinted snuff. See toto-
mbala; um-Toto; topa.

Totololo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.J, v. Go, or sink
down, deeply, right out of sight, as a
man under water or into a deep hole
(= ukuti lasha); sink right down, as
one's body with faintness (= ukuti lisa).

u-Totololo (s. t. — loc. kw a' totololo), n. Deep,
deep hole or pit, pool, etc., whose bottom
is too far to be visible — an abyss =
kwa' Lasha.

Totombala (Thothombhala), v. 'Brown'
nicely, i. e. put on a nice brownish tint,
as a knobkerry getting seasoned by use
or a mealie-cob nicely roasting by the
fire. See i-nTotomba; um-Toto.

Totonga (Thothonga), v. Render helpless
or powerless, as sickness or want might
a person (ace), or a tight dress when
catching the wearer round the feet ( =
titibalisa) ; (C.N.) perform the cere-
mony of slaughtering the um-Totongo
beast, as a recently married daughter
does in her father's kraal.

Ex. umlobokazi uye 'kutotonga hu'yise, the
young-wife has gone to kill her umtotongo
beast at her father's.

Totongeka (Thothongeka), v. — titibala.

Totongisa (Thothongisa), v. Help or cause
to perform the ukutotonga custom, as
a father a recently married daughter
(ace.) (C.N.).

um-Totongo (Thothongo), n. 5. = isi-Titi-
bala; (C.N.) beast presented by a la-
ther to a recently married daughter (and
slaughtered by her in his kraal) in or-
der to win for her the good favour of
the amadhlozi.

i(li)-Totongolo (s.t.),n. Certain bush.

TO

isi-Totongolo (Thothongolo), n. = isi-Titi-
bala.

Totonya (s. t.), v. = totosa.

Totosa (s. t .), v. Humour, indulge, pet {i.e.
treat with endearment, not Fondle -
see wotawota), as a mother her child
(ace.) or a man his dog (= bongoza);
handle or treat in an esteeming, affect-
ionate, admiring manner, as a girl might
a new article of dress (ace); do, carry
or hold anything (ace.) with concern or
carefulness as though esteeming its val-
ue, as when carrying a valued vessel,
when washing a fancy cup, or when
wishing to write a particularly nice hand.
Cp. tengeza.

To, to, to, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. Be just
going down out of sight, as the evening
sun.

um-Totovane (Thothovane), n. 5. Certain
bush, bearing red berries eaten by
birds.

i-nTotoviyane (Tothoviyane), n. Large
grasshopper striped with yellow, green
and red, common in vegetable gardens,
and having an offensive smell; medium
sized white bead having blue or black
stripes (collect.).

um-Totovu (Thothovu), n. 5. = u(lu)-Do-
dovu.

i(li)-Totoyi (s. t.), n. House-beetle of any of
the smaller kinds common in Native
huts = i(li)-Pela. Cp. i(li)-Gugu.

u(lu)-Tovoti (Thovothi), n. Certain bush,
supplying wattles -- u(lu)-Tobot) '.

um-Tovoti (Thovothi), n. 5. One of the
two tendons in front of the neck, and
often very prominent in old women. Cp.
um-Sundulo.

Toza (Thoza), v. (C.N.) = teza.

isi-Toza (Thoza), n. (C.N.) = isi-Tunzi.

Tozi (Thozi), int. = toll.

isi-Tozi (Thozi), n. Dirtiness of the hands
from handling tobacco during grinding,
etc., and not properly called i-nTsila,
though such hands could not, be eaten
with.

Tozisela (Tltozisela), v. = tolisela.

um-Tozo (Thozo), n. 5. One of the trian-
gular strips of skin used to fill in the
space between the four square pieces
that make up an isidwaba.

i-nTozwane (s.t.),n. Two shrubs (Lasio-
siphon anthylloides and Peddeia Afri-
ca na), whose bark is used as fibre.

i-nTsaba (Tsaaba),n. Scout (gen. one of
a scattered band), advanced reconnoi-
treing guard accompanying a travelling

645 TSA

chief or an army on the war-path. ('p.
i-nTloli ; saba.

Tsabu, ukuti (Tsabhu, ukutlii),v. tsa-
/)////(/, tsdbuza.

Tsabuna (Tsabhuna), v. Take out a <n><>il
quantity, us an i-qoma of mealies from
a sackful = savuna, tsavuna, mvimvita.

Tsabuza (Tsabhuza), v. Cut into sharply,
as a new hoe into crisp dry soil, teeth
into tender meat, or a sharp axe into a
block of wood = savuza, tsavuza.

i-nTsada, n. Large quantity, as of fund;
large number, as of cattle — a great
abundance.

Tsaka (s.k.),v. Squirt through the closed
teeth, as spittle (ace.) = tshaka. Cp.
cintsa; kafala; kifa; pumisa [Her. tye-
ka, spit].

u(lu)-Tsakalala (s. k.), n. = u(lu)-T8akalala.

i-nTsakalubisi (s.k.),n. Small sized, light-
brown, harmless snake = u(lu)-Zwa-
mbuzwa m b n, i-n Tshakalubisi.

i-nTsakantsaka (s.k.),n. A disorderly scat-
tering about all over the place, as
of a lot of clothes thrown about a room,
or amabele grains strewn about by
fowls; a dishevelled, ruffled, disorderly
hanging thing, as one's hair, a mop, or
some kinds of amabele ears. See sa-
kazu.

i-nTsakavukela (s. k.), n. A day-after-day
repetition of the same thing or work.

Ex. safa intsakavukela yemisebemd, we
are dead with never-ending work (being
engaged day after day without break).

isikonyane sekuy'intsakavukela, the locusts
are now a matter of every day.

i-nTsalelo, n. Remainder (after the rest
has been removed). See salela.

i-nTsali,w. Thing or person remaining
over, behind, etc., as seed after planting,
or survivors after a battle. See sala.

um-Tsalo, n. 5. Bow of an arrow (C.N.)
= u(lu)-Gii'ibisholo.

i-nTsanananda, n. Anything of a hard,
rigid nature, as a pillar of hard wood;
hence, any simply rigid thing, as a
scantling; or simply hard, as a lump of
iron; person with a rigid body or stiff
walk, as some old men.

i-nTsanga, n. (C.N). •= i-nGxemu.

i-nTsanganeka (s.k.),n. — i-mPotoninga.

i-nTsangu, n. Wild hemp (Cannabis sa-
tiva), used for smoking in the i(li)-Gu-
iiii horn, and medicinally for thrush,
sore eyes, poulticing tumours and for
bots in horses. Cp. u-Xofa; i(li)-Qume
[Ar. hashish, hemp; Lat. cannabis; Vi-

pang we; lyamba;
(s. t), n. =

TSA

nza. banghi; L.Cong
Sw. fir. Pers. bangi].

i-nTsantabula or Tsantabu

i-nTsantula.
i-nTsantsa, n. (N.) = i-nTsasa.

i-nTsantula (s.t.)} n. Tall, muscular, stout-
bodied man; swift runner (generally).

i-nTsasa, tt. Ox of a red or brown colour
having greyish spottings or speckles
about the belly and lower flanks; man's
beard, or the man himself, when just
beginning to turn grey and so giving
a greyish speckled appearance to the
chin; coarseness or hoarseness of voice
whether from nature or a sore throat
(cp. hoshoza).

Tsavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — tsavnna; tsa-
vuza; ukuti rreshe.

Tsavuna, v. = tsabuna.

Tsavu za, v. == tsabuza.

i-nTsazayiya, n. Tall, big, muscular-bodied
man. Cp. ixi-Gonyoza; u(lu)-Qanqa-
shiya; u(lu)-Qolokosho; isi-Qekema.

Tsebu. ukuti (Tsebhu, ukuthi), v. Be bright
red, as the um-Sintsi flower, or a soldier's
jacket = ukuti tolo, ukuti rrele.

i-nTsehla-ngonyonga, n. One crippled at the
thigh-joint or hip, lit. one who wriggles
along by his thigh-bones. See ukuti
settle.

i-nTsehle, n. = i-nTlese.

izi-nTseka or Tseke or Tseko (s. k.; no
sing.,}, n. After-pains of childbirth. Cp.
itiii-Siko.

i-nTsekane (s.k.; no plur.J, n. Anything (col-
lect.) insignificantly small of its kind, as
g rain, potatoes, potsorpeople=?'-M7kewtee.

Tseke, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = tsekeza.

izi-nTseke (s. k.}, n. = izi-nTseka.

Tsekeza (s. k.), v. Make a creaking noise,
as a rusty door-lock or wheelbarrow.

i-nTsele, n. Cape Ratel (Mellivora Capen-
m) — said to be of a spiteful nature
ami so nicknamed umfo ka Lindamkonto,
the fellow of Mi-. "Wateh-your-assegai.

i-nTselekehle or Tselekeshe (s. k.), n. Grain,
berry, etc., unusually small of its kind,
as amabele, beads, mealies, fruit-berries,
-toin-s and the like. Cp. i-nTsekane.

i-nTselele, n. Original meaning of this
word seems to have been lost, it being-
nowadays used, without any definite
meaning, to express a 'challenge,' one
boy shouting the word to another, with
whom he wants to fight, which latter,
if he accept the challenge, will reply
Woz'uyitate! (Come along, then, and
take it!).

646 TSE

i-nTseli, n. Heavy or strong drinker i. e.

one who can drink very much (not a

drunkard — see isi-Dakiva). See sela.
i-nTselo, n. Hoof, as of horse, ox, or other

large-hoofed animal. Cp. i(li)-Nqondo

[MZT. in-sangu, shoe].

i-nTsema, n. Name of two species of ground
euphorbia ( E. pugniformis and E. bu-
pleurifolia), whose large bulbous root
is rolled down a slope by boys to furnish
a target for them to fling the u(lu)-Ka-
nde at. Cp. um-Gemane; i(li)-Zwili.

i-nTsementseme, n. Anything of a compact,
spongy or gristly nature, as the meat
of a cow's udder, edible stalk of the
wild-banana, pith of some plants, etc. =■
i-nRrumunrmmu. See tsemeza.

Tsemeza, v. Make the spongy, gristly
sound tseme when eating or champing
anything (ace.) of the nature of an
i-nTsementseme, or as an assegai cutting-
its way into flesh = rremeza.

Tsemuza, v. = tsemeza.

i-nTsengane, n. An upright, tall-growing
kind of cabbage-tree, whose succulent
roots are eaten. See um-Senge.

i-nTsengetsha (s. t.), n. Thin, sharp lamella

of stone of any kind, as a chip of flint;

mica stone.
i-nTsengwakazi (s.k.), n. Cow giving much

milk = i(li)-Sengivakazi, i(li)-Hubu-

hubu; cp. u-Nondhlini.

i-nTsentsane, n. Gnat, such as swarm up
from damp soil when freshly turned or
onhot days (cp.u-Nongxi; i-nTsuzelane ;
i-mBongolwana); also dim. form of
i-nTsentse.

i-nTsentse (no plur.),n. Any 'tiny' thing
or things (collect.), conspicuously small
of its kind, as the tiny seed tubers round
a potato or dumbi root, very small
mealie-grains, or even children (= i-nTse-
kane, i-nTselekehle); (with plur.) any-
thing unusually hard of its kind, as
hard mealie-grains, a hard-wooded stick,
a strong-bodied man, or (metaphor.) a
sharp, crafty person (= oqinileyo).

i-nTsepe (Tsephe), n. Spring-bok ( Ga-

zella euehore); long fringe-like nap of
a woman's isidivaba which appears be-
low the lower edges ; hence, fringe ( gen-
erally ), as at the edges of a table-cloth.
Cp. i-nKapunkapu [Heb. tsebi, roebuck ;
Chw. tsephe, springbok],
i-nTsevuntsevu, n. Anything of a solid,
crisply soft nature giving rise to the
sound sevu when cut through, as a raw
potato, unripe fruit, an uncooked pump-
kin, or damp compact soil = i-nTsetru-
ntsetvu. See sevuza.

TSE

647

TSHA

i-nTsewane, n. Small bird, resembling the
i(li)-Ntiyane.

Tsha, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Spirt or squirt
out in a jot, as spittle (ace) through the
closed teeth, or water from a Byringe,
or as the spittle (nom.) or water itself
= tshaka, tshaza; also = ukuti ja.

isi-Tsha, n. Vessel, of any description, for
holding food, liquids, small articles, etc.;
hence, pot, basin, bowl, dish, plate, cup,
jug, calabash, box, can, etc.; commonly
applied to a 'snuff-box'; also jocularly
of the 'belly', and (C.N.) euphem. of
the alvus genitalis of a female (married
or unmarried) [prob. of the same deriv-
ation as uku-sha (to burn )-- hence, a
burned or baked thing - Skr. era, cook:
dah, burn up; Gr. kaio, I burn; Ar.
khabaz, bake; jar rah, waterpot; Lat.
vas, vessel; Ga. ku-ocha, to bake; Sw.
ku-chomea; Her. otyi-tyuma, baked pot].

Ex. yek'isitsha sake sokudhlela amabele!
just look at his fine belly!

aye 'kiceba isilsha somunye umuntu, he
goes and steals another man's vessel, i. e.
commits adultery with his wife (N).

P. isitsha esilile asidhleli, a nice cup is
not (long) eaten out of (being gen. fragile
and soon destroyed) —might be used of any
nice article that has got injured in the hand-
ling, or a dear good child who has died.

kayikudhla exitsheni mbantabake! he will
not eat of his children's pots! — a deadly
threat intimating that he won't live long
enough for that.
umu-Tsha, n. 5. Men's or girl's girdle
( complete ) — see i(li)-Beshu ; isi-Nene ;
i-nJobo; isi-Gege; used euphem. for a
man's penis-box (seeum-Ncwado, i-nGce-
6a); also used by a woman of her 'first
born child ' ( unlu-Tsha wake — see isi-
Coco) [Ni. mu-chira, tail; Her. omu-
tt/ira; Ga. m-kila: Sw. m-kia].

Ex. uku-binca umutsha, to put on, or
wear, an umutsha.
i-nTshabusuku (s.k.),n. Blister or water
bleb forming on the knee or foot from
some internal irritation ( not from burn,
etc. — see i(li)-Shamuza ).
Tshadula, v. = fshekula; tshakafula.

i(li)-Tshagala, n. Variety of amabele of a
lightish colour and a spreading dishev-
elled ear.

Tshaka (s. k.), v. = ukuti tsha, tsaka.

i-nTshaka (s. k.J, u. End, conclusion, final
turn-out of an affair (= i-mPcto ) ; also
= i-nTshakala.

Ex. ngiyatn'axi nentshaka yoke. I know him
right to the end i.e. through and through.

Tshakada (s. /::), v. = tshekula.
Tshakadu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Give a
leap, skip, spring, etc. — tshekula.

Tshakadula (s.k.),v. = tshekula, ukuti

tshakadu.
Tshakafu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti

tshakadu, tshekula.

Tshakafula (s.k.), v. = tshekula; keep jump-
ing about at a person (with nga) with
words, i.e. keep railing away at him,
not allowing him to escape, as though
wishing to excite him to anger.

Tshakala (s. k.), v. = tshekula.

i-nTshakala (s. h\), n. Young person i. <■.
one still in full vigour or prime, whether
man (intshakala i/ekehla), or woman
= i-nTshaka, i-uTshantshula.

u(lu)-Tshakalala (s. k.), n. Any long slender

thing, as a long snake, or a tall person.

i-nTshakalubisi (s. k.), n. = i-nTsakalubixi.

i-nTshakaza (s. k.), n. Male-flower or crown-
tuft of a mealie plant; used also of the
flower or seed-tuft of all grasses. Cp.
i-nKosa; i-nGoni.

isi-Tshako (s.k.),n. Small gap or opening

between the two front teeth (and causing
a lisp when speaking); a lisp, or lispinu
in the speech; person with such teeth
or lisping. See tshaka; i(li)-Sa))//";
fefeza.

Tshala, v. Plant, as a tree (ace); sow, as
a seed (properly by placing it separ-
ately in the soil, not by scattering — see
hlwanyela) [Chw. jala; MZT. biala;
Her. panda; Ga. ch-alu, field].

Ex. yeka lelo (ibokisi), Uyatshala, don't
touch that one (box); it is used for sowing
in (seeds).

i(li)-Tshaii or Tshalo, n. Shawl [Eng.].

i(li)-Tshalo (no plur.), n. Certain bramble,
bearing red edible berries resembling
the i(li)-Jinyijolo.

um-Tshame or Tshamu, n. obsolete defec-
tive noun now used only in the form of
an adverb, as below, to express 'it is
as though, it is just as if, it is almost
exactly as though, it is almost surely
that, it is probable that (this last sense
gen. in the form emtshameni or mtsha-
meni) — the word is sometimes used as
a mere root without any prefix, as
tshame, tshamu, tshameni = um-Lungu.
Ex. ku'mtsham'ukuba ng'uye, it is as though
it were he himself — as might be said of a
son with a striking resemblance to his father.
ku'mtshavnu ngifile (or ukuba ngifile), it
is just as if I were dead, i.e. I feel as though
I were dead (with exhaustion).

TSHA

648

mtshamen! (ox emtshwnieni) angafika ku-
sasa, it would seem as if, i. e. he will pro-
bably, arrive to-morrow.

mtshameni uzosinda, in nil probability

(i.e. it seems bo) he will recover.

u-Tshana, n. = u-Nqangi.

u(bu)-Tshani, n. Grass, of any description;
hay (vrTshani ob'omileyo)', used of the
hairy nap on a woman's isidwaba when
very long (cp. i-nTsepe) [Ar. hash ish,
grass; Lat. fenum; Sw. ma-jani; Chw.
bo-jang; Bo. z'ani; He. ///a-azsi; Sag.
ma-nyari possibly akin to uku-tsha,
to burn ; Ga. ja].

Ex. isidwaba samisi utshani, my leathern-
kilt has very long nap I which waves about
like a field of long grass).

Phr. uku-xi-dhlisa 'tshanya/na, to make
oneself nibble a little bit of grass ( as a pre-
tended occupation, whereas really one's at-
tention is on something else) — used of any-
body who shows signs of wishing to do
-"liiethiug though deterred by shame or
nervousness, as when a person walks about
outside of a hut as though desirous yet
afraid to enter, or a child who enters a hut
to ask a favour of its father and then when
inside pretends to be occupying itself with
something else.

i-nTshantshula.w. Swift-going person,
horse, etc.; man or woman still in full
vigour or prime (= i-nTshakala). See
shantshula.

Tshapa, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.) = tshapalata;
tshapalateka.

Tshapalata (s.p.; s. L), v. Eject or discharge
in a heavy 'slushing' manner anything
of a soft semi-liquid nature, as the loose
stools (ace.) of diarrhoea = tshupuluta,
rrapalata, ukuti tshapa; cp. huda.

Tshapalateka (s.p.; s.L; s.k.),v. Get so
discharged, as above = ukuti tshapa.

Tshapaza (s.p.), v. = tshapalata.

i-nTshasa, n. Body-servant of the Zulu
king, who would wait niton him in his
hut ( cp. isirSindabiso ; i-nTsila; i-nCe-
ku)\ (C.N.) bone snuff-spoon (=i-nTshe-
ngula ).

Tshata (Tshatha), v. = etshata.

Tshata (s.t.),v. Marry a person (withwa)
according to Christian rites (N. tr.Xo.).

um-Tshato (s. f.j, n. 5. Marriage or wedding
according to Christian rites (N. fr.Xo.).

u(lu)-Tshatshavela (s.t,),n. Stiff, stumpy-
cut beard.

Tshatshaza, v. Spirt or squirt away i.e.

in a continuous or repeated stream

freq. form of tshaza.
Tshavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tshavuza.

TSHE
Long flowing:

lower intestine
i-mVimba.

u-Tshavu, n. Long flowing hair, as of a
goat, the long-haired tail-tuft of an ox,
inane of a horse, or beard of a man (cp.
u-Celemba)', long goat-skin iBeshu of
a man.

Tshavuza, v. Wave or move loosely back-
wards and forwards in a fringe-like
manner (not usually outwards from
side to side — see kapuza), as any long
fringe or hair when moved = yavuza.

i-nTshawula, n. Certain common weed in
old fields, having a yellow flower like
the um-Titlmbila and whose leaves are
eaten as imifino and the dry-sticks used
as fuel — u-Bontshela. See shawula.

Tshaza, v. = ukuti tsha.

um-Tshazo, n. 5. Colon or
of cattle. Cp. um-Didi;

i(li)-Tshe, n. A stone, rock ( cp. i(li)-Dtva-
la)\ stone (as a substance); hence, as
an adj., to express great hardness, dif-
ficulty, firmness; tens of thousands, any
indefinitely immense number (= isi-
Gidi) [Skr. asman, stone; Gr. lithos;
Hi. chatan, rock; Su. li-jwe, stone; Ga.
j-inja; Sw. ji-we; Bo. i-we; Her. e-oe;
Kag. i-bwe; Kamb. i-bia; Yen. tyes].

Ex. itslie lokugaya, a grinding-stoue ( i. e.

the lower stone for crushing upon |.

itsl/e lenalitc, needle-stone, i. e. loadstone
or magnetic iron-ore ( itslie elimnyama), or
a steel-magnet i it she elimhlope) — bought and
sold at fabulous prices as a love-charm.

tint fere ittambatambile, kawu'lukimi kwa-
'tshe, an umfece-cocoon is somewhat limp,
it is not rigid like a stone ( i. e. is not stone-
hard).

Phr. inkomo y'embiwa ematsheni ku'belu-
ngu, an ox is dug out of the rocks with the
white-people, i.e. is no longer obtained as
a cheap present as formerly in Native times,
it now has to be hardly worked for.

N.B. There is a universal custom among
the Zulu females, when they have anything
to carry of a nature that may get spilt or
broken, to pick up from the path, immedi-
ately they leave their kraal, any small stone
or pebble and throw it into the pot of beer,
basket of grain, or whatever else it may be,
for good fuck, so that, as they say. they
may not get tripped up I by another stone)

wasted.

or goods

and their vessel broken
See isi-Zilo.

T-nTshe (long i), n. Ostrich; feather of
same [Chw. n-che].

i-nTshebe,??,. Long beard (as they go with
Natives), or a medium long beard (of
a whiloman) - isi-Heshe; cp. u-Cele-
mba; ubu-Hwanqa.

i-nTshede, n. Soot or smut round the

TSHE 649

bottom and sides of a cooking-pot =
um-Sizi, i-nTshedesi; cp. umu-Le.
i-nTshedesi, n. = i-nTshede.

Tsheka (s. /;:),/>. Be, stand, sit, or li*', on
one side, or inclined towards one side,
as a pot or lamp placed slantingly, or
a person reclining on one hip of elbow
(used in perf.) = hlala 'lubule. See
u(lu)-Keke, u(hi)-Tsh,eku.

i-nTshekane (s.k.), n. (C.N.) n(lu)-Hu-
do\ also, certain herb, used by young-
men as love-emetic.

u(lu)-Tsheke (s. k.), n. Liquid I'at or urease,
as while hot; oil, of a thin consistency
(not thick, as castor oil ) ; melted metal ;
or any similar liquid = u(lu)-Ketshe,
u(lu)-Tshekeza, u(lu)-Ketsheza, u(lu)-
Tshoko, u(lu)-Tshokozi [Her. tyeka,
spit].

i(li)-Tsheketshe (s. k.), n. Two kinds of
large ground-ants, one black, the other

light-brown, both ejecting an irritating
fluid when attacked.

Tsheke tsheke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Trot
off, as a child to fetch water from
the river ; sound, as fluid in a bottle when
shaken ; make such fluid ( ace.) so to
sound, i. e. shake it up = tshekeza.

Tshekeza (s. k.), v. = ukuti tsheke tsheke.

u(lu)-Tshekeza or Tshekezi (s. k.), n.=u(lu)-
Tsheke.

Tsheku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Give a fro-
licsome skip, leap, or spring, as a frisky
young calf = tsheku la; give a light
spring, as out of the way of a snake =
tshekuka.

u(lu)-Tsheku (s.k.),n. An inclination, fall-
ing or slant towards one side, as of a
pot or lamp awkwardly placed, a picture
standing on a slant, or a man resting
on his hip or elbow (used with hlala,
lata, etc.); also used adverbially to ex-
press 'sideways, corner first' — u(lu)-
Keke. See tsheka.

Ex. nant'ukamba ulubeke Hutsheku, luya-
kuwa, look ;it the beer-pot, you have set it
slantingly, it will tall.

kungenise Hutsheku, take it in sideways,
on the slant, as a door into a room.

Tshekuka (s. lc), v. Spring, leap or skip
aside or away, as when suddenly arrest-
ed by a snake, or from the attack of a

wild-beast = ukuti tsheku.

Tshekula fs. lc.), v. Spring, leap or skip
about in a frolicsome manner, as a frisky
young calf or dog = tshadula, tshaka-
da, tshakafula, ngqabashiya; cp. rra-
kada.

Tshela, v. Tell, as a person any affair
(doub. ace.) [Her. tya, say; raera, tell;

TSHE
Ga. iof/erra, say; Kanib.

San. ajuwera;
tavia].

i-nTshela, n. Food burnt ami clinging to
the sides or bottom of the cooking-pot,
as porridge — isi-Hogo, isi-Hogolo.

Tsheleka (s. k.), v. Lend, as a pot to a

person (doub. ace); borrow, a thing

(ace.) from a person (with l.u) = b<<lr-

ka; cp. enana [prob. akin to tsheUc, tell

- comp. Bo. amba, tell; ambala, lend].

Tshelekela (s.k.),v. Lend or borrow a
thing (ace.) for or on behalf of a person
(ace).

um-Tshelekwana (s.k.),n.5. A little thing
lent round, as might be a newspaper.

i-nTshelele, n. = i-nTshelelezane.

i-nTshelelezane, n. Any slippery or very
steep place or thing, down which one
must 'slide,' as a slippery rock or
muddy descent; a sliding down, as
played by children sliding down a sandy
bank on their buttocks, or sliding on
their stomachs from a pool-bank into
the water (with enza); might be used
of tobogganing or coasting = i-nTshe-
lele.

Tshelezela, v. Put up to do a thing (C.X.).
i-nTshemulane, n. Species of rush, used

for mat-making.
Tshena, v. = tshela.
Tshenisa, v. = tshengisa.

Tshengisa, v. Show, let see, point out to
a person some thing (doub. ace.) =
bonlsa, kombisa.

i-nTshengula, n. Bone-spoon used for tak-
ing snuff (C.N.) = i-nTshasa.

i(li)-Tshenkomo (s.k.),n. Hard kind of
bluish stone or trap, used for building.

i(!i)-Tshentso or Tshentswa, n. Bluish bas-
altic stone, or whinstone, gen. found in
the form of large boulders or pebbles.

Ex. u'lulmni uVitshentso, he is as hard :is
a whinstone — used of a very stingy person;
also of an old person of a very robust nature.

i-nTsheshe (no plur.), n. = um-Hlahle\
edible berry or berries of the same.

i-nTsheshelezi, n. Person (mostly used of
females) having small contemptible but-
tocks = isi-Shodolo; u-Tununu; cp. shi-
kila, isi-Shwapa.

Tshetsha, v. = benga.

i(li)-Tshetshe, n. Very light, poor, washed-
out, sandy kind of soil, common in
swampy places when the water has
drained off. Cp. i(li)-Dudusi.

um-Tshetshe, n. 5. Very small bunch of
beads consisting of only a few strings
= i(li)-Hlukuzivane.

TSHE

Tshetsheta (Tshetshetha), v. Trot, along
with very short steps, like a woman =
ntshentsketa; cp. dhledhlezela.

Tshe tshe tshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go trot-
ting off or away, as when sneaking off
to report to the chief, or off to a kraal
away from the main company.

um-Tshetsho, n. o. = um-Bengo; also =
um-Tshetshe.

i-nTshezi, n. A thing that has remained
over, as the odd thing left over from a
distribution, a cow that has escaped an
epidemic of disease or a man from battle
(N).

um-Tshezi, 71. 0. Light reddish-brown thing,
as an ox = um-Toto.

i-nTshidi, n. = isi-Sila: also (C.N.) =
i-mFene.

i-nTshikazanaf/j/^r. ama-Ntshikazana; s.k.),
n. Young girl ( only used sportively ) =
i-nTouibazana.

Tshiki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = ukuti swi.

um-Tshiki (s. k.), n. 5. Kind of grass (Fra-
grostis plana), growing in long tufts
by the roadsides = um-Viti.

TshTki tsh'i'ki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = tshi-
kiza.

Tshikiza (s. k.), v. Wag about, wriggle about
(intrans.), as the tail of a dog or of a
lizard ; vibrate, as an assegai when being
brandished or a reed when shaken by
the water (= biba) [Sw. tikisa, wag;
Her. taka].

N.B. It frequently happens that a little
lizard gets its tail knocked off. The wrig-
gling about of this discarded appendage causes
the Native children much delight, who sing
oat to it, Tsliil;i\a, 'xamnyankobe ! tshikixa,
'mantlenga! 0, 'xamnyankobe!

Tshikizela (s. k.), v. Go wrigglingly along,
moving first one shoulder forward then
the other, as some females.

TshVIo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go towering up
straight and high, as an abruptly rising
mountain-peak, a high tree or tower
standing conspicuously up and above
its surroundings.

i-nTshindane, n. Red-headed squirrel (re-
ally the whole body is of a bright red-
dish brown) {Sciurus palliatus) =
i-nGwejeje.

i-nTshingaweni, n. = i-mFene.

i-nTshingila, n. — i-mFene.

um-Tshingo, n. 5. Certain reed musical-
instrument or pipe, played like a tin-
whistle.

Tshingoza, v. Whistle away badly or care-
lessly on the um-Tshingo (as we should
use 'strum' of playing on the piano).

650 TSHO

i-nTshintsho, n. Bull of the i-mPunzi or
i(li)-Qina bucks. Cp. um-Shiba.

i-nTshishi, n. Certain mountain-shrub.

i(li)-Tshitshi,w. Young gild, with the breasts
already firmly filled out ( perhaps about
fourteen or fifteen years of age, and so
younger than an i(li)-Qikiza).

um-Tshivovo, n. 5. Red-faced coly ( Colius
ery thro melon).

i-nTshoba, n. A pointed tapering projec-
tion or jutting out in anything, as a
portion of a forest jutting out into the
open veldt, a sandspit in a river pro-
truding into the stream, etc.; sometimes
applied to the source or end-point of a
river (not the actual spring, but the lo-
cality ) = um-Tsholo.

Tshobe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti shobe.

i(li)-Tshobe, n. = i(li)-Hhikwe, i(li)-Tebe.

Tshobela, v. = shobela.

Tshobi tshobi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
shobi shobi.

u-Tshobitshobi, n. = u-Shobishobi.

Tshobiza, v. = shobiza.

Tshoboloza, v. = tshubuluza.

Tshobotshela, i\ = sobozela.

Tshobotshobo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tshoboza.

Tshoboza or Tshobozela, v. Make a sound
as water stirred by the hand (C.N.);
also (C.N.) = tshovozela.

Tshoda, v. Lose freshness or prime, as a
person already past his youth, or from
an attack of sickness (used in pert*.);
become stale or flat, as beer or standing-
food = laza.

isi or um-Tshodo, n. 5. Person who has
already lost or is past his prime or
freshness of youth, as an old girl ; beer
or other food that has become stale,
lost its first freshness from standing
(= isi-Laza). See i(li)-Fumuka.

u(lu)-Tshodo, n. Dark-blue cotton-gauze or
veiling = u(lu)-Lembu, i(li)-Tete.

Tshoko, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = tshoko-
za; tshokozela; tshokozeka; ukutipotsho.

u(lu)-Tshoko (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Tsheke.

Tshokoda (s. k.), v. Go bounding, leaping
along, in an undulating waving fashion,
as some bucks, or a dog with a long
body or long flying tail; bound or leap,
as over a wall or away from an on-
rushing danger = ukuti tshokodo.

Tshokodo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. Give a
graceful undulating bound or leap, as
a buck running, or a dog over a wall
= tshokoda.

um-Tshokodo (s. k.), n. 5. Long, slender,

TSHO

651

TSHU

waving

or undulating

key's tail or similar
slim-bodied person.

thing, as a m on-
supple thing ; tall,

u(ln)-

u(lu)-Tshokofu (8.k.),n. (C.N.)

Tshokovu.
u(lu)-Tshokolo (s. k.), n. Any long, pliant,

wavering thing, as a long board, handle

of grass, or the long tail of a cat or bird

= u(lu)-Tshokotshoko.
u(lu)-Tshokotshoko (s. k.), n. = u(lu)-Tsho-

kolo.
u(lu)-Tshokovu (s. k.), n. Seminal flow when

consisting of mere secretion i.e. sterile,

lacking spermatozoa (C.N.). Cp. ama-

Lota.
Tshokoza (s. k.), v. Eject or pour forth at

one ejection, as a single vomit (ace.) or

a dash of water from a kettle = po-

tshoza [Her. tyeka, spit].

Tshokozeka (s. k.), v. Get so ejected, as
above = potshoka.

Tshokozela (s. k.), v. Go wavering or un-
dulating up and down, as a bundle of
grass or branches when carried on the
head, or anything of the nature of an
u(lu)-Tshokolo.

u(iu)-Tshokozi (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Tsheke.

i-nTsholi, n. Kind of flying ant, eaten by

boys. Cp. i(li)-Hlwabusi.
um-Tsholo, n. 5. = i-nTshoba.

i-nTsholoba, n. Cold wind, such as blows
in rainy, cloudy weather in winter-time
(not the crisp icy wind blowing on fine
days from the Drakensberg — see u(lu)-
Givele) = i-nTshongolo.

i-nTshonakweneni (s. k.), n. Very short,
dwarfish person, lit. one who goes down
out of sight in the long grass = u-Ki-
simbane, isi-Tomiyana, isi-Timizana.

i-nTshonalanga, n. The west, lit. where the
sun goes down. Cp. i-mPumalanga.

i-nTshongolo, n. = i-nTsholoba.

Tshongolozela, v. = tshononozela.

i-nTshongwe or Tshongwana, n. Small spe-
cies of Xys ma lob item, smaller than the
i(li)-Shongwe and not eaten as imi-fino.

Tshonono, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Empty or
pour out wholly or entirely or bodily,
as beer (aco.) from a pot, or grain from
a sack = tshononozela; get so emptied
or poured out bodily = tshononozelwa.
See tshongolozela; ukuti bijelezi; ukuti
tshopoloti.

Tshononozela, i>. — ukuti tshonono, bije-

lezela.
Tshopo, ukuti (ukuthi; s.p.),v. — ukuti
tshoko.

off or along in
or glide, as a

Tshopolotela (s. p.; 8. t.),v. = tshononozela.
Tshopoloti, ukuti (ukuthi,; 8. p.; 8.t.),V.

ukuti tshofiono.
Tshopoza (s. p.), v. = tskokoza.

i-nTshoqo, u. Close crowding <>)• grouping
together on one spot, as of people
round somebody injured, or of cattle

when something exciting is on, as a
fight. See shoqa.

i-nTshoshela, n. = i-nTsheshelezi.

u-Tshotshwa (s.t.),n. Certain bush.

Tshovo tshovo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tshovoza.

Tshovoza, v. Move or roll danglingly
about, as the long tails of a man's isi-
tobo, the long tail of a sheep, or other
long heavy fringe.

Tshovozela, v. Go 'danglingly' along i.e.
with one's tails or heavy fringe-like
trappings rolling about, as a man walk-
ing in Ids isi-Tobo.

i-nTshozi, n. = i(U)-Cide.

Tshu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go
a straight, swift sweep
swallow when flying, a frog making a
long spirt under the water, or a bicy-
cle flying swiftly away — tshuza; go
tapering off, or in a long straight har-
rowing fashion to a point ( cp. ukuti
dwi).

isi-Tshu, n. Beer that has turned sour or
acid through the heat, etc. = i-nTlu-
ngunyembe.
isi-Tshube (Tshubhe), n. Certain kind of
grass {Andropogon appendiculatus and
Eleodendron elionurus ).

Tshubuluza, v. Go along in a long trail-
ing fashion, trail along, as a snake
crawling or a rope being dragged along
the ground; get discharged in a long-
drawn jet or shoot, as the watery stools
of diarrhoea, or a shooting-star; dis-
charge in such a manner, as stools
(ace. == ukuti tshubuluzi).
Tshubuluzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tshubuluza.
u(lu)-Tshubungu, n. Anything going off
longly to a point, a long pointed thing,
as the nose of a greyhound or white-
man, a dunce's cap, a head narrowing
towards the crown, a gourd pointed to-
wards the bottom, or a broad-shouldered
person having thin lower limbs = u(lu) ■
Tshutshudo, u(lu)-Jojo, isi-Lonco, u(!u)-
Zubela, u(lu)-Zubungu.
Tshuda, v. Be watery, as some potatoes,

pumpkins, etc.
i(li)-Tshude, n. Such a watery thing, as

above.
i-nTshuku (s. k.), n. = i-nTshungu,

TSHU

i-nTshuku-ka'madango (g. k.), n. An ibuto
of girls formed by Shaka next before
the um-Gekeceke.

Tshuma, v. Discharge spittle through a
long hollow reed or grass-stalk (see
u(lu)-Tshumo) on to the ground, as a
Native does when smoking hemp ( cp.
jo/hi); talk away along rigmarole of
empty stuff (= huma) [Gr. chumos,
juice; Sw. ehoma, spit].

um-Tshumane, n. 5. Species of ascaris or
intestinal round-worm, much disliked by
tlif Natives as the reputed cause of
dysentery and other serious abdominal
disorders.

u(lu) or um-Tshumo, n. 5. Spittle-tube of
hemp-smokers, and gen. consisting of a
hollow stalk of i-nGwevu or other grass.
Sec1 id a- J ono.

i-nTshunga or Tshungu, n. Certain climbing
plant, hearing a non-edible red-coloured
fruit, and whose leaves are eaten by
women as imifino = i-nTshuku.

Tshupuluta (s.p.; s.t.),v. = tshapalata.

Tshutsha, v. Make a long string of any-
thing (ace), as beads, chestnuts, or of
endless gossip, yarns, etc. = huma.

Tshu tshu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tshutshu-
mba, tshutshuza.

u(lu)-Tshutshudo, n. = u(lu)-Tshubungu.

Tshutshumba (Tshutshumbha), v. Pain in
a burning manner, burningly ache, as
an inflamed wound, or suppurating tu-
mour (cp. futa; kenketa; qaqamba);
blow hard upon the body with a sting-
ing sleet (see i-nTsuntsu) = tshutshuza,

Tshutshuza, v. = tshutshumba.

Tshuza, v. = ukuti tshu.

u(lu)-Tshuza, n. Variety of the sweet-po-
tato, having large leaves and remark-
able as a bad bearer. Cp. i(U)-Dhlebe-
dudu; i(li)-Gode; u-Mpuqwana; u-Ngqu-
mbelana; u-Somdengase; u-Sombombo-
se; u-Sombungana, etc.

Tshwa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti twa.

u(lu)-Tshwabutshwabu, n. = u(lu)-Tswabu-
tswabu.

ama-Tshwala (no sing.), n. 'Beers' i.e.
beer-drinkings among the kraals.

Ex. kasebenvi 'lain, ulibele amatshwala, he
does no work, he wastes his time going to
beer-drinks.

u(bu)-Tshwala, n. Kafir-beer, made of ama-
bele or mealies (not applied to Euro-
pean liquor) [Hi. jowaree and joar,
kinds of millet or Kafir-corn; Chw. bo-
jalwa, beer; Nyam. bu-alwa; MZT. bu-
alua\ Cong, gualo; Mamb. awa].

652 TSHWE

Phr. seku'ntsuku %rrfshwala, it is already
the days of beer-making {i.e. just before
the wedding aud intimating that the latter
is practically arrived, is already at the door,
and so applied figuratively to any other
anticipated pleasure); hence, sometimes equi-
valent to 'a very short time, a few days',
or in negative 'not long'.

nyiyajabula, nfjoba akuse'ntsuku xa't&hwa-
la, ngiye ngimbone umame, I am happy, he-
cause it won't be many days (perhaps two
or three) before I go and see my mother.

(utshwala) bubila n(ja,mbixa,nije, (the
beer) ferments only in a single pot — used
of a person who is blind in one eye, only
lias half of the pleasure of sight. Cp. 1(H)-
Cide.

u(bu)-Tshwala-benyoni, n. Two species of
leonotis—see um-Civili; i-Munyumu-
nyane; also a certain tree in the coast-
districts.

i-nTshwamu, n. Person with a dried-up
body, from which all the 'juice' has
been taken through wasting-disease or
famine; mealies, etc., dried up while
green, from frost or cold wind =
i-nTsinvanka.

i-nTshwanka (s. k.), n. = i-nTshivamu.

i-nTshwankuntshwanku (s.k.),n. Any food
of a dried-up nature, devoid of 'juice'
or pleasant flavour, as old cold meat =
i-nTsh'waqantshwaqa.

i-nTshwaqantshwaqa, n. = i-nTshwanku-
ntshwanku.

i-nTshwawuzo, n. Small quantity or a
' snack ' of food hastily prepared or eaten
in order to ease present hunger or in
between the full meals; any food very
hot to the mouth. See shwawuza; i-nGi-
yazana.

i-nTshwayiba or bana, n. Person with such
small insignificant buttocks as to be
regarded as having none at all.

Tshwaza, v. = shwesa.

Tshwe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perfectly clear,
without any floating impurity, as water
in a pool, utshwala standing with the
sediment settled, etc.; also = shwesa.

i(li)-Tshweba, n. = i(li)-Tsu>eba.

Tshweka (s. k.), v. Stab or pierce a thing
(ace.) by making any sharp instrument
recoil on to it, as boys are accustomed
to do with the i-mBoma, making little
sharpened pieces of wood spring from
I In- fingers on to it (— kwinca); also
3= tshwekezela.

Tshweke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. — tshwe-
kezela.

Tshwekezela (s. k.), v. Make a continuous

TSHWE

din of shrill chattering, as a lot <>f girls,
or women drinking, or birds in a tree
= wekezela; <•]>. xokozela.

i(li)-Tshwele, n. The young-one or fledgling

of a bird (= i(li)-Pupu)\ hence, chick,

of a fowl = i(li)-Zinyane.
u(lu)-Tshwele, n. Mealie-grains roasted on

the bottom of a pot or upon a lid. See

(jd.zinga; u(lu)-Kobe.

Tshweleza, v. = gazinga.

Tshweza, v. = shiveza.

TshwY, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perceptible to
the taste, have a taste, as any food i. e.
its flavour (only used in neg.); be per-
ceptible to the ear or yet heard, i. e.
open one's mouth, say a word = ukuti
shwayi; also = ukuti ntswi.

Ex. kakuti tshwi, it has no taste, is with-
out any flavour, as unseasoned food.

hatanga tshwi, he didn't give a 'squeak',
didn't utter a sound.

TshwVbi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = tshwibila.

Tshwibila, v. Deal a slight stroke, 'touch
up' slightly, as one might a child (ace.)
with a small stick or a carriage-horse
with the whip = twibila; cp. ukuti tivi

hiri.

Tshwininiza, v. = tswininiza.

i-nTsibantsiba, n. Person of a taciturn,

emotionless, equable temperament, show-
ing neither friendliness, nor anger,
nor particular interest or concern about
anything.

i-nTsika (s.k.),n. Pillar, such as support
the roof a Native hut; pole; long post;
mast (not properly of any short post-
see isi-Bonda) [Ni. ki-siki, stump; Sw.
m-piko, carrying-pole; Ga.m-pagi, pillar].

Phr. ngishaywe ixintsika, I have been
struck by pillars — used when any hope or
expectation has come to nought, as when a
boy hopes to obtain a certain situation aud
arrives to find it already taken by another
= I have been disappointed.

i-nTsikane (s.k.),n. Two kinds of grass
( Cyperus immensus, etc.), one like a
bulrush, the • other like um-Tala and
used for thatching, both growing in
marshy places and having unusually
sharp edges.

i-nTsikazi (s.k.),n. A female, of animals
(= i(li)-Sikazi, i(li)-Tokazi ; cp. i-nKu-
)izi; i(li)-Duna); a kind of dance with
song accompaniment, proludial to the
jwfi-Pendu [kazi is the common feminine
suffix in the Bantu langs. e. g. Ga. kazi ;
Her. Icaze; Hinz. she; cp. Sw. jike, fe-
male].

i-nTs'i'kintsiki (s.k.),n. Compact mass (of

653 TSI

separate things), a great abundance
massed or crowded closely together, as
a large flock of sheep, mealies growing
thickly in a field, or a bunch of izi-
nJobo in which the tails are so arrang-
ed as to form a thick compact mass.
i-nTsikizi (s. k.), n. Bug = i-mBungulu.

Phr. /// /.s //•/•. / nentsika, the but: and the
pillar — may be used of two inseparable
lovers. Cp. i-mPaka.

i-nTsila, u. Dirt, of any description (the
Native ideas in this regard are, however,
very different to those of Europeans);
dirt-attendant on the Zulu king — a me-
nial who attended to the cleanliness of
his body, bathing him, dressing his hair,
etc., and usually sleeping in the royal
hut cross-wise before the doorway (cp.
isi-Sindabiso ) ; used also to denote per-
sons of blood relationship or the same
tribal origin [Sw. Ga. taka; Bo. sama}.
Ex. bonke labo ba'ntsiWnye for ba'nkaba-
'nije), all those (persons) arc related (whether
of the same family or merely of the same
tribe ).

i-nTsilana, n. '= i-nTswebu.

i-nTsilelane, u. A defect, as in the sewing
of a mat or the thatching of a hut; de-
ficiency, as in management or supply;
short-coming, as in a person who seems to
be not quite right in the head. See silela.

i-nTsimango, n. Certain monkey (Cercapi-
thecus sp.), whose fur is much prized
as ama-beshu, etc.

i-nTsimba (Tsimbha), n. Feline genet ( Ge-
netta felina), having a handsome spotted
skin much esteemed for izi-nJobo, etc.
[Sw. Bo. simba, lion].

izi-nTsimbana (Tsimbhana), u. = imi-Si-
mbana.

i-nTsimbi (Tsimbhi), n. Metal, of any kind
( gen. qualified by some adjective of col-
our); in a particular sense, iron; bell
(mod.); (rarely used) external appear-
ance or character of anything [Skr.
ay as, iron; Lat. ws, brass; Sw. Kag.
Go. etc. chuma, iron; Gal. siuma; Sum.
stoma; Tu. ishombela; Kamb. ziar; I la.
karifi; Sak. ivi; Galla. sibila. N.B. Ga.
nsimbi, cowry-shell, which is local cur-
rency in that country, just as iron was
among other tribes e.g. the Zulu].

Ex. ihawu liyakandwa ukuba intsimbi yalu
Uingane, iqine, a shield is beaten with a
stone so that it may obtain an equal, stif-
fened appearance.

i-nTsimeko (s.k.), n. Kidney, liver, or any
other part of a slaughtered beast pro-
perly tor roasting on a skewer. See
simeka.

TSI

654

TSI

i-nTsimu (plur. ama-Simuj, w. Field i.e.
large piece of cultivated or sown land (not
merely a patch of pasture-land, for which
no word exists). Cp. i-nDima; isi-Fe
[Ga. msiri, garden; Reg. shiyu, field;
Sw. skamba; mu-simi, midsummer —
prob akin to lima].

i-nTsmdantsinda, n. Person weighed down
by the weight of his body, whether from
fatness or weakness; weighty matter,
difficult to bear up under.

i-nTsTnde (Tsiinde), n. Red-grass, of the
veldt (Anthistiria ciliata or A. aiistra-
lis), so called from its turning reddish
when dry, and much liked for pastur-
age [Ga. mindila, red].

i-nTsindo, n. = i(li)-Sindo.

i-nTsindwane, n. Certain creeping-plant
(Peliostomum ealycinum), used as per-
fumery by women.

i-nTsingaweni,?i. = im-Fene.

i-nTsineka (s.k.),n. Person who shows
his front teeth, a 'grinning' person;
also = i-nGovolo. See sineka.

i-nTsinekana (s. k.), n. dim. of above — used
as term of contempt for such a person;
hoe, axe, etc., notched or turned up at
the edge, as from knocking against a
stone. See sineka.

i-nTsingalala, n. = u(lu)-Sabalala.

i-nTsingizi, n. Ground-hornbill {Buceros
Caffer = i-nGududu); certain kind of
dark-blue cloth having red stripes [Bo.
mbizi\.

N.B. The cry of the female hornbill is
said to be Ngiyamuka, ngiyamuka, ngiya
kwabetu ( 1 am going, I am going, off* to my
people)! to which the male-bird replies in
an undertone Hamba, hamtba; kad'usho (Go,
for goodness sake; you've been saying so
long enough ) !

Whosoever strikes a hornbill will as surely
die! And should one ever alight upon a
hut, it is an omen so evil, that the hut
owner would at once consult a witch-doctor!

A person suffering from abnormal promin-
ence of the eye-ball — which is said to be
due to an wntalcati — may have the defect
removed by the application of a little i-nTsi-
ligivi eye-ball, whereupon the offending or-
. n will return to its normal size!

i-nTsingo, n. Native razor, resembling a

large rough blade = i-mPuco, i-Nco-

shoba.
i-nTsTni (Tsiini),n. Great dancer i.e. one

who is given to dancing or who dances

well = i(li)-Gayu. See sina.

i-nTsini,w. Comicality, ludicrousness; any co-
mical laugh-provoking action, object, etc.

i-nTsintsi, n. Red berry of the Kafir-boom
or um-Sintsi tree.

i-nTsipane (Tsiphane), n. Certain bush

{Calpurnia lasiogyne) (N).
i-nTsipo (Tsipho), n. Soap [D. zeep].

T-nTsipo (Tsipho — abbrev. for izi-nTsipo),
n. Dregs of u-tshwala, which are squeez-
ed out again with water and drunk as a
kind of small-beer; such small-beer itself.

Phr. is'igityele leyo'ntombi entsisheni, that
girl has already grown old among the dregs,
i.e is already beyond the time of 'fresh
beer', is becoming an old maid.

i-nTsYpuntsipu (Tsiplmntsiphu), n. Entang-
led, confused, complicated mass, as a lot
of loose string or running-grass entang-
led together, an old sweet-potato grown
stringy, or a multitude of people moving
about confusedly at a market, or fleas
about one's body. Cp. i-Nyakanyaka.

i-nTsiyana, n. dim. of i-nTsila, and used
(C.N.) to express a defect, fault.

i-nTsizakalo (s.k.),n. Word or act that
may be of service to a person.

i-nTsiza-kubulala (s. k. — in a gen. impers.
sensed, or i-nTsiza-mbulala (s. b. — when
used of the third pers.^, n. A treacher-
ous injury or killing of anyone while
pretending to befriend him (used with
enza), as a Kafir doctor who may vol-
untarily undertake to treat a sick-man
in order to kill him; or (in a good
sense) where a person has thought to
help another, whereas really he has
made things worse than before. See
siza mbulala.

Ex. inkosi yambixa ukuba imupe inkomo,
inganti iy'enxa intsizambidala, the chief
called him up that he might jiresent him
with a beast, but really he was doing the
kindness of treachery.

i-nTsizela, n. = isi-Tileka, i-nKandela.

i-nTsTzi (Tsiizi),n. Certain Native medi-
cines or 'black-powders', consisting of
the flesh, skin, feet, etc., of various ani-
mals mixed with certain herbs and burnt
to ashes— such medicines are used for
ama-bulatvo, etc. See um-Sizi.

i-nTsizwa, n. Young man; man (of any
age ) who has not yet donned the head-
ring (c]).i(li)-Kehla); hence, ox without
horns ( — isi-Tulu).

i-nTsizwakazi (s. k.), n. Cow without horns;
person who has nothing to say for him-
self in reply to a charge brought against
him; an affair that has nothing to say
for itself, brought forward without any
evidence or proof, hence unable to be
brought to a head.

TSI

655

TSU

u(lu)-nTsizwana (coll.), w. Little good-for-
nothing youths of any particular kraal
or locality an expression of contempt.
Cp. u(lu)-iiT<mjana.

i-nTsizwazana, u. Young cow withouthorns.

i-nTso, n. Kidney, of man or beast; child
born with a perfectly hairless head [Sw.
n-so ; Ga. n-sigo; Her. o-sioti; Reg. lu-
f'f/o — prob. akin to i(li)-So\.

Tsobe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti tshobe.

Tsobela, v. = tshobela.

i-nTsobi,rc. (C.N.) = i-nTswebu.

Tsobo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti sobo.

i-nTsobontsobo, n. Any long limp thing,
that hangs loosely dangling about as a
dead snake, or long strip of meat =
i-nTsioanyantswanya. See sobozela;
i-nZubunzubu.

Tsobotsela, v. = sobozela.

Tsobozela, v. = sobozela.

i-nTsohla, n. = i-nTlosa.

i-nTsokontsoko (s.k.),n. Anything unusu-
ally small or thin of its kind ( only used
of long, upright things ), as an unsuit-
ably thin rush for mat-making or wat-
tle for building, a thin-stalked mealie-
plant, and the like. Cp. i-nTselekehle.

i-nTsolo, n. Grumbling, fault-finding, com-
plaining ; cause of such grumbling, etc.
= i(U)-Solo, u(lu)-Solo. See sola.

i-nTsololo, n. Edible pea of the um-Shwili
plant.

i-nTsombe (Tsom.bhe), n. = i(li)-Zombe.

i-nTsongantsonga, n. = i-nTsongentsonge.

i-nTsonge, n. Bend, curve, winding, as of
a river, road, stick, etc. ; such a rivei*,
road, stick, etc., itself; person with a
crooked spine; (C.N.) squinting person
i. e. with one eye looking obliquely ( =
i-nGxemu). See song a.

i-nTsongentsonge, n. A winding, curving,
or bending about; thing with such a

winding, or

curving

about, a zig-zag

thing, as a path, river, or stick; a twist-
ed, curled, spirally crooked thing, as a
board baked in the sun, or the horn of
a koodoo ( = i-nTsonte) Cp. u(lu)-Nki-
nibi. See songa.

i-nTsongo, n. Threat, menace = u(lu)-
Songo. See songela.

i-nTsonte (s.t.),n. Anything twisted, twirl-
ed, or spirally crooked, as a board bak-
ed in the sun or the horns of a koodoo
= i-nTsongentsonge. See sonta.

i-nTsontela (s.t.),n. Ox, etc., having spi-
rally twisted horns; mouth drooping
down on one side, having 'a twist'.

i-nTsonto (s. /.), n. Rope of twisted calf-
skin entwined by men round ili<' body,
as an ornament (= um-Cilo, u-Maba-
ni)\ (mod.) Berlin wool, as bought in
the stores; single woollen thread, as
pulled from a blanket.

i-nTsonyama, n. Meat covering the out-
side of the ribs of a slaughtered ox
(both sides = izi-nTsonyama) — this is
considered the prime part of the beast,
and the intsonyama on that side of the
beast that has the assegai-wound (i.e.
the side of honour, and called eyenxetxi )
is generally sent as a kind of tribute to
the iiiduna or headman of the particu-
lar district (otherwise to the girls of
the family ), while the intsonyama
of the uninjured side (eyendhlelo) re-
mains as the perquisite of the indhlu-
nkulu or chief-hut of the kraal. Cp. um-
Hlubulo.

i-nTsotsha, n. = i-nTsivebu.

i-nTsoyi, n. Red ochre or iron-oxide of
the stores, and used by women for red-
dening their topknots (C.N.). Cp. isi-
Buda ; i(li)-Bomvu.

u(lu)-Tsubungu, n. — u(lu)-Tshubungu.

i-nTsudu,w. Abundance, great number,
of cattle, sheep, etc. (C.N.) = i-nTsada,
i-mFuduka, i-mFuto.

i-nTsuka-mngeni (s.k.),n. One of a certain
section of the um-Xapo regiment.

i-nTsuka-ngihlale (s. k.), n. Person who goes
'loafing' about from one kraal to an-
other, doing no work, but ' sponging ' on
people as he goes; the manner of life
of such a person.

i-nTsukantsukane (s. k.), n. A constant
moving or shifting about, as of a kraal.

i-nTsulungu, n. Large pebble perfectly
round and about as large as a man's
two fists joined together (cp. i-mBokode) ;
knobkerry having an unusually massive
head resembling the aforesaid (cp. i(li)-
Wisa ).

i-nTsulwa, n. Certain shrub, whose roots
are used as an astringent; (C.N.) also =
i-nTsulungu.

i-nTsumantsumane, n. = i-nTsumo.

i-nTsumo, a. Folk-lore story, nursery tale,
as told to Native children; anything,
whether action, story, or affair of an
absurd, senseless, childish nature =
i-nGanekwane [Bo zimuzimu, absurd].

Phr. ung'enxeh intsumo nje, he has done

me a ridiculous thing — as might lie said by
one who, in time of dearth, goes to beg of
a relative, and gets presented with an insig-
nificantly small basket of grain.

A

TSU

i-nTsumpa (s.p.), ». Wart, on man or
beast; small wart-like growth on the
shell of a certain kind of gourd. Cp.
i(li)-Sumpa [Sw. sumba, boil].

Ex. umile intsumpa sonke isandhla, he

has warts growing all over his hand.

i-nTsumuntsumu, n. \\\y 'tasteless' food,
merely chewing material for the mouth ;
bad, imperceptible snuff. See sumuza.

Tsumuza, v. = sumuza.

i-nTsundu, n. Beast of a dark or blackish-
brown colour, and including such tints
as puce, chocolate, marone, etc. See
ntsundu.

Ex. intsundu e'bubende, a blood-brown or
marone ox.

intsundu e'lufipa, a chocolate-brown ox.

intsundu emnyama, a black ox with brown-

ish hairs here and there, or vice versa.

i-nTsundwane fcollect.>, n. Little pellets of
bard dry earth voided up by earthworms
and conspicuous all over the veldt after
a grass-fire.

i-nTsungubezi, >?. Small hole, gap, aperture,
allowing a person or dog to creep
through, as through a rock or wall ;
plur. izi-nTsungubezi, very small eyes,
such as some people have. See sungu-
beza.

i-nTsuntsu, n. Pimple (dry, not pustular),
as of a rash or some eruptions (=
i-D Tsuntsumba ; cp. i(li)-Shashazi) ; plur.
i-nTsuntsu or izi-nTsuntsu, sleet-rain
(from its striking the body painfully,
as though afflicted with pimples ).

i-nTsuntsumba (Tsuntsumbha), n. = i-nTsu-
ntsu.

i-nTsuta (Tsutha), n. An eating, or filling
of the belly, to the full (see suta); (N)
certain kind of grass (=i-nTsutasutane).

i-nTsutasutane (Tsuthasuthane), n. (N) =
i-nTsiitn.

i-nTsutsha, n. = i-nGcula.

i-nTsuze, n. Certain dark-brown snake,
resembling the i-mFezi, very poisonous,
but timid, and not spitting.

i-nTsuzelane, n. Name given to several
kinds of stinging or biting insects, one
resembling a small gad-fly, another a
large black ant, another a smaller black
anl sometimes seen along pathways;
rson of an irascible, irritable temper,
quickly firing up at one; stiff-backed,
big-buttocked female. See suzela.

u(lu)-Tswabutswabu, n. Tall, very slender-
bodied person = u(lu)-Ziuambuzivambu.

i-nTswani, n. Certain tall weed, growing in
old fields.

i-nTswanyantswanya. .»,. = i-nTsobontsubo.

656 TU

i(li)-Tsweba, n. Fleshy part of the inner-
leg behind, just below the buttocks =
i-Ncele, i(li)-Tshweba, i(li)-Ntsweba.

i-nTswebu, n. Physical similarity, likeness
or resemblance (only in the remoter
sense, a mere 'similarity,' not actual
re-production or 'very image'), as
between persons who are related or
merely accidentally alike = i-nTsotsha,
i-nTsilana.

i-nTswelaboya, n. One without hair, i.e.
an i-mPisi or hycena — by which appel-
lation this kind of villain or corpse-
devourer was originally known in Zulu-
land — without hair, a hairless or human
i-mPisi or hunter after dead men's flesh
- the name is applied to that class of
murderer among the Natives who mur-
ders, not by secret methods and merely
to kill or remove a particular individual,
but openly, on the highways, any likely
person he may come across and with
the sole purpose of obtaining certain
portions of his body to be afterwards
used in the preparation of 'poisons' and
as such sold to the first mentioned class
of murderer, popularly distinguished by
the name of um-Takati.

i-nTswempe (s.p.),n. Coqui Partridge
{Francolinus coqui).

i-nTswempu (s.p.), n. Thing not thorough-
ly convincing or satisfying to the mind,
in which one can only partially or with
difficulty believe, as an incredible state-
ment or mysterious object — used gen.
as adjective or adverb = u(lu)-Sivempu.
Cp. i(li)-Swempu.

Ex. amagamu ako a'ntswempu, your words
are doubtful, not convincing.

ngiyakolwa ka'ntswempu kuloko, I am nol
fully satisfied ahout that; I only place par-
tial credence in it, or believe in it with an
element of doubt.

Tswi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — tswininiza.

Tsw'ibi, ukuti (Tsivibhi, ukuthi), v. Make
a 'swishing' sound, as does a switch or
whip when slashing it about. Cp. ukuti
tiva.

Tsw\b\za (Tswibhiza), v. Slash a whip (ace),
swipe with a switch.

Tswininiza, v. Squeak, as a mouse; squeal,
as a pig; speak with a 'squeaking'
voice resembling that of a female or a
child = swininiza.

i-nTswobontswobo, n. = i-nTsobontsobo.

Tu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t. — the u is prolong-
ed^, v. Go in a straight line, go straight
forward, as a man in a certain direction,
or a train of wagons travelling.

TO, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Be or become

*

TU

perfectly silent or quiet, as mice or
children when disturbed, or the wind
(often used with tula).

Tu, ukuti (Thu, ukuthi),v. Come out through,
emerge from anywhere, as a nail through
a plank, or a person through a wood
or river (ep. ukuti tungqu, ukuti nuke);
pass beyond the reasonable limit of time,
as a person staying or conversing; be
of a pinkish, light reddish yellow, or
creamy red colour (with mpofu), as
some bricks, cloths, etc.

Ex. wahlala kwaxe kwati hi for toaxe /rati

In), he stayed there an immensely long time.

usheshe iibuyc, kungaxe fcuti In, return

quickly and don't let it pass the reasonable

time or be late.

Tuba (s. t.), v. Break or smash up anything
of a crumbling, softly disintegrating
nature, as a clod of earth (ace.) or a
potato (= tubuza); thump away at,
'smash' a person (ace.) with the fist
(= tubuza); knock one (ace.) up, thor-
oughly exhaust, as over-much work or
a tiring journey (=xukuxa); sometimes
used for thuba in reference to the sky.

Tuba (Thuba), v. Be or become dimmed,
obscured, darkened, as to its clearness
or brightness, as the water of a river

f when 'discoloured' after heavy rains,
the sky when a light haziness or pall
of grey casts a pleasant 'gloom' over
the sun or dims the brightness of the
moon (used in pert".). Cp. chmgeka;
gqwala.

i(li)-Tuba (Thuba), n. Opening or oppor-
tunity, as for doing anything = isi-Kala,
i(li)-Pe.

i-nTuba (s. L), n. Opening, aperture or
passage; hence, small open space or hole
left in the outer fence of a kraal as a
side-entrance; a pass, as between two
high hills; passage, as through a wood.
Cp. isi-Kala [Sw. tundu, aperture; Her.
otyi-tuo, hole].
isi-Tuba (Thuba), n. (N) = isi-Kala.

u(lu)-Tuba (Tubha), n. Thing wet and soft,
as a newly-skinned hide, or a mud-floor
newly put down.

i(li) or um-Tube (Thube), n. 5. = i(li)-Tu-
bela.

Ex. ixindoni sexi'tttbe, the umdoni berries
arc now 'colouring' (changing from their
original greenness) /. e. are beginning to ripen.

Tubeka (s. t.; s. k.), v. Be of a softly dis-
integrating, crumbling nature, as a clod
of earth ; be in prime condition, with a
sleek, well-filled-out body, as an ox, or
some well-fed headmen (used in pert'
see i(li)-Tubesi); get knocked up, be

657 TU

thoroughly exhausted, as by heavy work
())• walking ( xukuxeka ). See tuba.

i(li)-Tubela (s.t.),n. Thing with the skin
discoloured i.e. changed from its origin-
al colour, as fruit losing its bright
greenness when commencing to ripen
(cp. i(li)-Gwanya), or that part of the
body of a person that has been knocked
or crushed; hence, bruise, or discolour-
ation on the body (cp. i(li)-Pupusi).

Ex. wrcvela kusasa, amehlo eng'amatubela,
he appeared on the next day with two black
eyes.

Tubeleza (Thubeleza), v. Be continually
shifting one's place, dodging about, :is
a man seeking to avoid capture, or roam-
ing about a kraal or locality; be shifting
or dodging about in one's speech, first
declaring one thing and then another.
Cp. shudula.

i(li)-Tubelezi (Thubelezi), n. One always
shifting his place, going from one place
to another, or changing his statements
habitually, as above.

i(li)-Tubesi (s.t.),n. Person, etc., with a
sleek, softly-fat, prime-conditioned bod;
= isi-Tubutubu; cp. i(li)-Tamuza.

isi-Tubi (Thubi), n. Porridge made of
mealie-meal and new-milk.

um-Tubi (Thubi), n. 5. Beestings, or milk
given by a cow during the first few
days after calving and which is thick
and yellowish (cp. i(li)-Hlaka); hence,
a certain yellow variety of mealies (=
u-Tubini); yolk of an egg; eggs of a
locust; or used generally of any reddish-
3rellow thing, to denote its colour.

u-Tubini (Thubini), n. Certain yellow varie-
ty of mealies, somewhat larger than the
ulw-Andhlekazana.

Tubu, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Smash or
break up anything (ace.) of a crumbling,
softly disintegrating nature, as a clod
of earth or a cooked potato = tubuza;
get so smashed or broken up, as above
= tubuka, tubuzeka. See ukuti put//;
kumuza.

Tubu, ukuti (Tubhu, ukuthi), v. Be bright
red = ukuti tolo, ukuti tsebu.

Tubu, ukuti (Thubu, ukuthi), v. = tabula.

Tubuka (s.t.;s.k.),v. = ukuti tubu; putu-
ka.

i-nTubuka (s. /.; s. k.), n. = i-nTubun/u/iu ;
huge bulky i-Nyanda or bundle of grass,
etc.

isi-Tubuka (Tubhuka), n. Any bright red
thing, as a red soldiers'-jacket or urn-
Sintsi berry. Cp. um-Toto.

Tubuka I a (s. t; s. k.), v. Be in a softly

42

TU

broken up or smashed state, as a clod
of earth, boiled potatoes or beans when
fallen to pieces; be sodden, falling to
pieces, as over-cooked meat (used in
perl'.) dubukala. See ukuti tubu.

Tubula (Thubula), v. Prod or thrust any-
thing (ace.) in a thumping manner, as
when giving a person a violent push
with the fist, or a hornless cow dealing
a blow with its bead, or a calf thump-
ing at its mother when sucking.

i(li)-Tubulela (s. t.), n. (C.N.) - - i(li)-Tubu-
yela.

i-nTubuntubu (s.Q,n. Anything of a soft-
ly disintegrating, crumbling nature, as
a clod of earth, or boiled potato; or
readily falling to pieces, as sodden meat,
or a 'rotten moth-eaten skin; person
with the body shaking or 'falling to
pieces' with ' soft fat i-nTubuka,

l nTubusheshe. See ukuti tubu.

i-nTubusheshs, n. = i-nTubuntubu.

isi-Tubutubu (s. I.), n. - i(li)-Tubesi.

i(li) or um-Tubuyela (Thubuyela), n. 5.
Bruise, as from a blow or crush, swollen
or not (cp. i(li)-Tubela; i(li)-Pupusi);
sometimes applied to the internally
extravasated blood.

Tubuza (s.t.),v. - ukuti tubu (s.t.); tuba',
putuza.

Tubuza (Thubuza), v. intens. form of pre-

rumble
( not mere-

658 TU

Tuhlu, ukuti (Thuhlu, ukuthi), v. Fall to
pieces or break up from mere rotten-
ness, as a pumpkin or rotten paper
tuhluka; make so fall or break to pieces,
hence, pull to pieces, etc. = tuhluza.
See ukuti tucu.

isi-Tuhlu (Thuhlu), n. = i-nTuhluntuhlu.

Tuhluka (Thuhluka), v. = ukuti tuhlu.

i-nTuhluntuhlu (s. I.), n. Anything falling
to pieces from rottenness or decay, as
a pumpkin or rotten paper = isi-Tuhlu,
i-nTucuntucu.

Tuhluza (Thuhluza), v. — ukuti tuhlu;
also — cucuza.

Tuka, ukuti (Thuka, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tukalala.

ceding hence, smash up

thoroughly, into powder, etc,

ly into pieces).

Tubuzeka (Thubuzeka), v. neut. pass, form
of preceding -get so smashed or crum-
bled up thoroughly, to powder, etc.

Tubuzeka (s.t.; s.k.),v. Get smashed or
broken up softly, as any softly disinteg-
rating or crumbling tiling, like a clod
of earth or a rotten moth-eaten skin
(= ukuti tubu); be of such a crumbling,
illy disintegrating nature, as above
= putuzeka. See tubukala.

Tubuzela (s.t.), v. Go or walk in a soft,
shaking manner, like a 'heap of fat',
as a sleek, fat-bodied person.

Tucu, ukuti (Thueu, ukuthi), v. = tikuti
tuhlu.

isi-Tucu (Thueu), n. isi-Tuhlu.

Tucuka (Thucuka), />. hi hi it Int.

i-nTucuntucu (s.t.),n. -= i-nTuhluntuhlu.

Tufela (Thufela), /'. i 'ovist in silence, pre-
tend not to hear, intentionally, from
i ubbornne , contem pi, etc., as a child
talalisa; <-\>. ziba.

isi-Tufeli (Thufeli), //.. One who acts as
above.

Tuka (Thuka = etukaj, v. Start, get star-
tled, as a person suddenly frightened, or
a horse when shying; be suddenly sur-
prised or astonished, as at a statement
(with agent) or unexpected action; be
in a startled, affrighted, apprehensive
state ( used in perf.) ; have the attention
suddenly drawn, become suddenly aware;
come to, come suddenly or momen-
tarily to one's senses, be revived, as a
man who has been unconscious or
drunk, or one's powerless exhausted
body after a bath or food [Sw. stuka,
be startled; Bo. etuka; Ga. stuka, get
up; Her. tuka, start].

Ex. Icaiiti lexPxinto xomhlaba kwetukioa
;/'(■ nya, hut these earthly things are sud-
denly gone (lit. one starts, and they are
gone).

ng'ehike, knfika umuntu kimi, all at once
there arrived a person to me, or, I was sud-
denly surprised by a person coining to me.

Phr. wang'etuka, he was (pleasantly) taken
hack or surprised = he gave me a hearty
welcome.

uBani k'etuki I'uto, So-and-so gives no
welcome to anything, i. e. is not of an hos-
pitable nature.
Tuka (Thuka), v. Call a person (ace.) by
offensive, insulting names, epithets or
charges, as when calling him a dog,
saying he is a thief, etc. (cp. ngcefa;
ngcoza; nomfiya); sometimes used for
to 'praise roundly or strongly' [Her.
tukana, abuse).

Ex. umtuke, wamtuka (ngexibongo), he
pitched into him roundly with name after
name (of praise), as one might a chief or
warrior when dancing.

Phr. uBani bamtuka ngendebe. they abused

So -and-so with the beer-ladle, i.e. they have

made him so that he can't take much beer,

that it quickly gets the better of him.

Tukalala, ukuti (Thtlkalala, ukuthi), v. Give

TU
lenly

startled =

a start, be sud<
tuka. See tuka.
isi-Tuko (Thuko), n. Offensive, insulting,
. or opprobrious name given to, or state-
ment made about, a person, such as
will reflect on his honour or integrity
(— i-nTlamba); dishonoured reputation
of a person resulting therefrom, or gen-
erally, as when resulting from known
criincs (= isi-Hlaiiiba). See tuka.

Ex. uBani unesttuko (ov unesitulco esibi)
pakati kwabantu, So-and-so has a scandal-
ous name or reputation among the Natives.

Tuku, ukuti (Thuku, ukuthi), r. Put or
thrust in anywhere out of sight, as in
order to conceal, or as a potato (ace.)
beneath the ashes to bake = tukuza.

i(li)-Tuku (Thuku), n. Large maggot found
underground in rich soil; kind of mag-
nasal chambers

gol

found in the upper
of sheep and bucks.

Phr, ixindhlu tas'ematukwini, the huts
where the maggots are - a name applied
the oue or two lower huts in a kraal,

of

to
on
each side of the main or cattle entrance,
where, from the greater abundance of man-
ure, the maggots are always most numerous.

um-Tuku (Thuku), n. 5. = i-mVukuzi.

ubu-Tuku (Thuku), n. Humour discharged
from the eye, gen. during night, and
often found at the corners in the morn-
ing (not matter of a purulent nature
■- see u(lu)-Bici).

Tukuca (Thukuca), v. Plough continually,
year after year, on the same old place
or field (ace.) = bukuca.

isi-Tukulu (s.t.; s.k.),n. Stem of the
Native smoking-horn (see i(li)-Gudu;
i-mBiza); short fat person.

Tukuluka (Thukuluka), v. Get untied, loos-
ened, undone, or released, as below.

Tukulula (Thukulula), v. Untie, loosen,
undo, as a knot (ace), a tied-up bundle,
a horse bound to a tree or bullock to
the yoke ; release, redeem, as one might
a prisoner [Skr. lu, loosen; Her. kutu-
ra, untie ; Ga. sumulula ; Ang. kuUi-
nuna; Bo. fulula].

Tukululeka (Thukululeka), v. = tukuluka.
u(lu)-Tukunqu (s.t.; s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Zucu.
Tukusa (Thukusa),v. (C.N.) = tukuza.
Tukutela (Thukuthela), v. Be or get an-
gry; do in earnest, with great spirit or
in perf.) [Sw. eJtuki, an-
be angry; Her. eruka,

energy (used

ger; futulca,
anger].

Ex. uBani uyatukutela, So-and-so gets an-
gry i.e. is easily disposed to anger, is of
an angry nature.

659 TU

ukuti uBani utukutele, So-and-so i< angry I :<t

the present moment, denoting hie state).

its'etukutele manje nentsimu yoke, she has
now got in earnest with her field, /. e. is
eagerly engaged upon it.

amabele ayatukutela emLalaxi, Kafir-corn
grows furiously I /. r. rapidly and well ) about
the Qmlalazi.

Tukutelela (Thukuthelela), v. Be angry

about or with a person (ace.) or thing ;
be doing in earnest, be spiritedly or
deeply engaged upon, as any work (ace).
isi-Tukuteli (Thukutheli), u. An angry per-
son, one eiven to or quickly getting
angry (but not so excitable or passion-
ate as the isi-Fifane); a spirited, high-
mettled person, quickly warming to
work or activity (cp. isi-Sheki; isi-Shi-
sekeli ).

Tukutelisa (Thukuthelisa), v. Make a per-
son (ace.) angry.

Tuku tuku, ukuti (Thuku thuku, ukuthi), v.
Thrust up or out with little movements,
as a mole the earth (ace.) = tukutuku-
za; cp. f'ukuza.

isi-Tukutuku (Thukuthuku), n. Perspiration
or sweat (collect.); sometimes applied
to the reward of one's labours; plur.
izi-Tukutuku, profuse perspiration 'run-
ning' or 'dropping' here and there on

oru-kutu

perspiration
suguti, perspir-

the body [Her

Ga. tuyu, perspire; Bo.

ation].

P. isitukutuku senja sipelela oboyeni, a
dog's sweat ends in its hair — and to which
a man likens himself, when, very angry in-
ternally, but for some reason compelled to
suffer it in silence, as when enraged by a
tyrannous over-lord.

Tukutukuza (Thukuthukuza), v. = ukuti
tuku tuku.

Tukuza (Thukuza), v. Thrust in or under
out of sight, as a thing (ace.) beneath
one's coat or the bed in order to con-
ceal it, or a potato beneath the ashes
in order to bake, or the thatch of a hut
when, blown out by the wind, one thrusts
it back beneath that which is still firm
(cp. shidela); sow or plant, as mealies
or pumpkins (ace.) by merely thrusting
the seed into the soil with the finger
(cp. gaba).

i-nTukuzo (s.t.),n. A secret i.e. an affair
to be concealed. See tukuza.

Tula (s.t.),v. Thrust in the thatching-
needle, as one of the thatchers does, in
order to pass in the string, when build-
ing Native huts. Cp. hlaba; hloma.
See isi-Tulo.

Tula (Thula),v. Be silent, not to speak;

TU 660

hold one's tongue, keep quiet, as about
any matter ; be stilled, quietened, as the

TU

wind or other disturbance; be still, not
moving, as a person standing; be quiet,
at peace, free from noise or disturbance,
as any place, or the country generally
(used' in pert", to express the state) [S\v.
utulivu, quietness; Bui. toll, soothe,
quieten].

Ex. umuntu otulileyo, a quiet, mild person.

Phr. (ixwe) lit/tie for libuye), the land is
at rest, reposeful, i. e. with peace and plenty,
without the geueral social upheaval accom-
panying war or famine.

ngamnika qede, latula-he, as soon as I
gave him (a certain thing), there was peace
in the land (*. e. all was well again).

abas'enxele utshwala, sipitie, litide-ke (ov
libuye), let them make some beer for us,
that we may drink, and there be happy
times (or the good old times come back).

batula, k/rati kidu, they were quiet as mice,
not a breath was heard, as an assembly of
people, or of the weather (i-xulu).

kwatula, lewati hwishi (ox ngei), it remain-
ed still as a rock (on the one spot)
and worked away vigorously (or held us
firmly bound in its grip)— as of an over-
poweriug din or commotion, or of a very
thick fog or strong smell.

wahle watida naye, he just harl him pow-
erlessly in his grasp (i. e. as still and help-
less as a mouse, without auy attempt ou
his part of moving or doing anything).

ngasengitula nenkorno, I then got hold
of, i. e. got presented with, a beast ( as some-
thing overpoweringly great).

inkosi yangitulisa nenkomo, the chief made
me get into my grasp a beast, i. e. present-
ed me wit!) one. See xoshisa.

u-Tula-sizwe (Thu1a-sizwe),n. Name applied
(sportively) to anyone in high authori-
ty over others, whose word they should
respect, as a headman among his people,
or the great-wife among the others in
a kraal.

isi-Tuli (Thuli), n. Silent, reserved person,
who talks very little (for a dumb per-
son— see isi-Wukulu) = isi-Ngqungu ;
cp. isi-Muku.

u(lu)-Tuli (Thuli), n. Dust, as on a book,
or rising on the road (sec buquza);
commotion, disturbance, as at any work
in full operation, or a general quarrel ;
beast given by a bridegroom to a bridal-
party to 'help them along the road'
back home; one of Shaka's regiments,
or member thereof [Sw. vambi, dust;
Bo. lu-vumbi; Her. oru-uma; MZT. lu-
suko].

Phr. utuli lumi, the dust is up, i.e. they

main, as a dance,
they have now

are goiug at it might and
fight, or geueral work.

sekusuke utuli tokulima,
busily set about ploughing.

kwaba utuli Iwexicwe, it was a tempest,
cyclone, whirlwind, or violent commotion of
wind blowing in from all sides.

Tuiisa (Thulisa)v. Cause a person (ace.)
to be silent; quieten, make still, as
a child (ace), or the wind; cause to
cease motion, make stand still.

Ex. ukufa kuke kutulise, the sickuess some-
times quietens down, causes to have rest.

befca, utulise amehlo, look, keeping the eyes
still, i. e. concentrated, fixed firmly on.

Phr. uma inkosi ikiduma, amadoda atu-
lise iiidlde.be, wheu the chief speaks, the men
'concentrate' their ears, i.e. the attention
(on what he says).

inkosi yangitulisa nenkomo — see tula.

i(li)-Tulo (s.t.),n. Native thatching-needle,
having a notch or eye at the point for
thrusting the string from a person out-
side to another within = i(li)-Gce?na.

i-nTulo (s.t.),n. Species of lizard.

P. Una sibamba elentido, we hold to that
(word) of the lizard = we adhere to what
was spoken first, when a second report gives
rise to doubt — referring to the Native fable
that the uNkulunkulu, at the making of
man, despatched the chameleon ( u(lu)-Nwa-
bu) to instruct them to live, and subse-
quently a lizard to tell them to die; the
chameleon, however, wasting his time eating
ubu-Kwebexane berries on the way, the lizard
arrived first, delivered his message, and men
died accordingly.

isi-Tulo (s. t.), n. Stool, chair [D. stoel,
chair].

i-nTulo (s.t.),n. Mullet fish (Mugil con-
stantioz, C.V.) (N).

i(li)-Tulu (Tliulu), n. — i(li)-Tulwa.

i-nTulu (s.t.), n. = i-nTulo.

isi-Tulu (Thulu),n. Deaf person; ox with-
out horns (= i-nTsizwa); also = isi-
Hlwati; u-Manga.

um-Tulu (s.t.), n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Viyo.

Tuluka (Tkuluka), v. Come down from
above to below, or ( metaphor.) from up-
country to a lower district; hence, fall
down, drop down, as tears falling, or an
article from a shelf to the ground, or
as a spider coming down from the roof,
or cattle from up-country (not properly
used of descending a hill— see ehla);
break out suddenly crying, scolding, etc.,
at a person ( ace. with ela form ).

Ex. kwasimxe kwatuluka ixinyembexi, there
just came down tears.

TU

(amasela) atuluka eJoxi ngempi yama*
Burnt, they (these burglars) came down from
Johannesburg at the time of the Boer war.

simit'.icc etiduka lapa pexulu, we lieanl him
just come down upon us from here above,
i. e. wc heard him suddenly break out into
a torrent of words, abuse, etc.

Tulula (Thulula), v. Put down -nowadays
confined to pour down or pour out en-

x tirely, empty (even though by simply
ladling out), as the water (ace.) from a
bucket iuto another vessel or on to the
ground, or grain from a basket (only
used of 'pourable' things— cp. bijeleze-
la; tela); empty, as the bucket (ace.)
or basket itself [Lat. fundo, I pour ; tollo,
I take away ; Her. tirira, pour out ; Ga.
fukulula, to empty; Sw. futa, to empty;
tupu, empty].

Tululisa (Thululisa), v. Empty or bring
out the whole or the abundance of one's
finery, i. e. change one's dress continu-
ally, as when donning one umutsha in
the morning, another in the afternoon,
and others again on the morrow, as a
Native 'swell' might do.

i(li)-Tulwa (s.t.),n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Viyo
( fruit ).

i(li)-Tulwa (Thuhva),n. = i(li)-Qashi.

i-nTulwa (s.t.),n. Bull of the eland. Cp.
i-Mpofu.

um-Tulwa (s.t.),n.5. (C.N.,) = um-Viyo.
P. kubemgwa umtulwa nemamba, y'ini? is,
then, the medlar contended for with the
mamba? i.e. that the snake should have the
boldness to put in a claim for it while a
man is actually engaged eating! — said con-
temptuously of anyone who unrightfully
presumes to mix himself up against another
in a claim for anything, or even has the
effrontery to expect the latter to share it
with him (C.N.).

u-Tulwana (Thulwana), n. The i(li)-Mboza
regiment (q. v.), or a member thereof.

Tuma (Thuma), v. Send, as a person
(ace.) on a message; send something to
a person (cloub. ace); send a person
about something or for something
( doub. ace.) ; send something by a per-
son (doub. ace; more freq. with nga
of person) [Lat. mitto, I send; Sw. Ga.
Bo. Ang. Her. Mpo. MZT. tuma, send;
Ko. tumanuma, run ; Nyam. mbotumu,
messenger; Ke. Ionia, send].

Ex. (isitsha) ngiyakusituma 'baiii? whom
shall I send for it (the vessel)? or, whom
shall I send with it?

nittmywe-ni? what are you sent about?

i-nTuma (s.t.),n. Two smaller species of
the solanum or bitter-apple, growing

661 TU

wild and with smaller berries than the
following; berry of such; (collect.)
large sized yellow bead or beads.

um-Tuma (Thuma) > n. 5. Species of sol-
anum or bitter-apple {S. sodomceum),

of larger growth and bearing a larger
fruit than the preceding, and commonly
planted in kraals as a fence; fruit of
the same.
Tumba (Thumbha),v. Take off captive,
capture and take away, as people (ace.) or
cattle in war time; take off, carry away,
as disease or death. Cp. pang a [Gr.
lambano, I take; Sw. m-tumwa, slave;
Her. omu-tua; punda, rob].

i(li)-Tumba (Thumb ha), n. Abscess, tum-

our, as are common with scrofulous
people. Cp. isi-Mila [Heb. ah, swelling;
Gr. tide, lump; Her. o-ndyumba, swel-
ling; Sw. tumba, bud; tumbuka, break,
as an abscess; Ga. jute, abscess; Son.
fu-s, tumour].

u-Tumbakulu (Thumbhakhalu), n. = isi-
Mila.

i-nTumbane (Tumbhane), n. Boil, com-
monly growing on Natives about the
knee.

isi-Tumbanja (Thumbhanja), n. The place
outside of a Kafir-hut on either side of
the doorway and just out of sight of
persons sitting inside = isi-Tamo.

i(li)-Tumbu (Thumbhu), n. Portion of, or
substance of, the bowels, of man or
beast; hence (mod.), tube, pipe; last
child of a woman (= oioamagcino;
cp. i(li)-Zibulo ) ; also, any child or
offspring; kind of bead fringe worked
on the lower side of a girls umutsha
(cp. sokohla); plur. ama-Tumbu, bowels
or intestines, collectively or indiscrimin-
ately of man or beast. See ncane [Sw.
Ya. ma-tumbo, bowels ; tumbo, belly ;
Ga. lu-buto; Her e-zumo].

Ex. lisekona itnmbu lake, his bowel (or
child) is still living, or there is still a
child of his living.

Phr. leaxalanga, wabol'amatumbu, she
didn't bear a child ; she rotted at the
intestines — said in commiseration of a woman
whose child has turned out a scoundrel.

amaxwi ako asika ematuryjini, youi
words cut at the bowels, i . e. move to pity,
excite to sympathy, are touching.

tis'ebulala amatumbu, he is now making
his last effort (as a snake writhing when its
head has already been smashed ) — said
of a person who, when he sees his cause is
lost, makes a great noise of self-defence as
though to convince his judges thereby.

isi-Tumbu (Thumbhu), u. Calf of the leg

TU 662

i.e. hinder part of the lower leg from
the knee to the ankle. Cp. i(li)-Hluzu;
isi-To [Ga. lu-tumbc, calf of leg].

um-Tumbu ( Thumbhu), n. 5. = u-Mongo.

u(lu)-Tumbu (Thumbu), n. Part of the
body just about the hips on each side;
plur. izi-nTumbu, the waist =i(li)-Guma,
i(li)-Gebe.

ubu-Tumbu (Thumbu), n. Core or in-
terior pulp (in which the seeds are
embedded) of the pumpkin, papaw, etc.
Cp. um-Tumbu.

um-Tumelela (Thumelela), n. 5. Certain
tree, used as an intelezi against light-
ning, etc. (N).

'si-Tumuka or Tumukela (Thumnka), n.
= isi-Tumutumu.

ubu-Tumushe (s.t.),n. Certain red ant, ^
going in swarms and having a painftu\
bite (= wm-Yeni, u-Makoti); mites or
small maggots found in old amasi
gourds (= ubu- Vunya ).

isi-Tumutumu (Thumuthumu), n. Large
collection of things standing thickly to-
gether, as of huts (hence, a large kraal
having numerous huts), of kraals thick-
ly together on one spot, or a large
number of fields close together = isi-
Tu mukela, isi-Timukela.

Tuna (Thuna), v. Make unbecoming i. e.
give a person (ace.) an unbecoming ap-
pearance, not suit him, make him 'im-
proper', unseemly in the eyes of others,
as an unsuitable article of dress, or an
unbecoming word or action. Cp. tuneka.
Ex. tula bo.1 leuyakutuna loko 'kukuluma,
be quiet now! such talk is unbecoming of

you, looks bad Oil YOU.

\(l\)-Tuna (Thuna), n. Grave i.e. spot where
somebody has been buried = i(li)-Liba,
i(li)-Tinta; cp. i(li)-Godi [Ga. ntana,
grave; Her. e-tundu].

Ex. muhle ngobuso, ngapakati ituna, he
is nice of countenance, but inside, in his
heart, lie is filled with dead men's bones —
as may be said of a great umtakati.

Tunda (Thunda), v. Void urine (= sho-
binga), or semen [Lat. fundo, I pour;
Sw. tunda, product or fruit of a tree;
tundu, opening; Her. omu-tuta, urine;
tumbisa, impregnate; Ga. tonda, create].

Phr. ngiydkuhlala, kuxe kutunde ummnya-

,,in. I shall wait until the darkness has
passed off, i. e. until it looses its pitchy
blackness and becomes somewhat lighter, so
that one can see to walk.

uku-tundda umfaxi, to impregnate, or de-
l>"-it seed in, a wife.
i-nT.j:ida-bebekene (Tunda-bebhekene), n.

TU

A voiding of urine before each other's
face — applied to a big beer-drink (in
which all have partaken so abundantly
as to have lost all sense of modesty ).

i(li)-Tundu (Thundu), n. Brow i.e. promi-
nent bony ridge over the eye (for the
arch of hair growing thereon, see i(li)-
Shiyi, Append.) [Bo. funda, cheek-bone].

i-nTundu (s.t.),n. Mere sightless eye-ball
i. e. not an organ of sight — nowadays
only used in the phrase below, and per-
haps originally connected with the above
= i-nTundulu, i-nDundulu.

Ex. kawuboni, y'ini? leant i ubeka ngexi-
nhtndu, y'ini? do you, then, not see? do
you, then, merely gaze with sightless balls,
i.e. have you then no eyes? — said to one
who fails to see a thing plain before him.

isi-Tundu (Thundu), n. Any medicine mix-
ed up (pehlwa) and drunk as an eme-
tic, in order to render oneself favoured
by the amadhlozi or by the girls (cp.
'im-Shikaqo); (C.N.) also = isi-Qungqu.

i-nTundulu (s.t.),n. = i-nTundu.

i(li)-Tunduluka (Thunduluka), n. Fruit of
the um-Tunduluka.

i-nTunduluka (s.t.; s.k.),n. Stone of the
i(li)-Tunduluka fruit and used, on ac-
count of the oil therein, for dressing the
isidwaba.

um-Tunduluka (Thunduluka), w. 5. Kind
of plum-tree (Ximenia Caffra), bearing
a red edible fruit. See i(li)-Tunduluka.

Tunduzela (Thunduzela), v. Hush or quiet-
en a crying infant, as by some lullaby.
Ex. tundu, 'mntwana! uiujnkn kalimanga,
n/ibe/c ixintwala 'u/ahlangeni abantu, uti,
/nr.'asii/'lc, hush! child, your mother has
not gone hoeing, she has been detained by
(catching) lice in the stubble-fields of peo-
ple's heads ; she says, she will at lsngth come
aud smear the floor with cowdung.

Tuneka (Thuneka), v. Be (lit. get to make)
unbecoming, unsuitable, improper, un-
befitting, get disliked, as an unbecoming
article of dress, or an offensive word
or action, or as the wearer or doer
thereof (used in perf.). See tuna.

Ex. yeka loko 'kukuluma, kutunekile, stop
that talk; it is unbecoming.

Tunga (Thunga), v. Sew, as anything (ace.)
with a needle; make anything (ace.) by
a 'sewing' method, as Native baskets,
or clothes; sew a headring on to the
head of a man ( doub. ace), as does the
Native head-dresser; have a headring
sewn on — in a more especial sense
applied to the first occasion of so doing
(see kehla), though also properly used

TU

<>r any subsequent renewal; pour or
servo out beer (ace) into the drinking-
pots (more freq. tungela; cp. hlakaza)
[Her. tunga, make by sewing; Ang. tu-
nga,, sew; Ga. tungilla, sew; S\v. Bo.
fniK/a, tie; Bo. tunga, pierce; Cong. ///-
ngwa, have gone through the circum-
cision rites initiatory to manhood].

Ex. us'etungile, uBani, So-and-so has now
adopted the head-ring.

isicoco angikwaxi ukusitungela pantsi, I
don't know now to make a headring without
:i head — as when a Whik'inan might order
one to ho made as a inert' curio.

iqoma lako kalikatungwa, your basket has
not yet been made.

Phr. uku-tunga umlotno, to sew up one's
mouth, i.e. to say not a word, refrain from
speaking, as when one is being insulted.
See etula.

i(li)-Tunga (Thunga),n. Tall narrow-
wooden vessel used for milking into,
milk-pail; (C.N.) also = i(li)-Kehla [Sw.
m-tungi, water-jar].

Phr. Uku-yi-beletisa (intombaxana) itunga,
to cause a girl to carry the milk-pail on
her back. — When a girl menstruates for the
first time, she abstains from eating amasi
until her father has slaughtered for her an
ox or goat soon after the cessation of the

V menses. The phrase above is used in refer-
ence to this action of the father; and the

\ beast so slaughtered is called eyokubeletisa
itunga or um-Hlonyane. See omtda.

ake silahle amatunga, let us throw away
(he milk-pails, i.e. let us make a last, de-
sperate effort, even though it costs us our
milk-pails ( /. c. our life, the amasi we eat,
or the cattle that give us the same)— as
to catch a night-thief or umtakati, or when
taking a lawsuit against another, or to cure
a sick person.

i-nTunga (s.t.),n. Several similar species
of grass, used for mat and basket-mak-
ing, thatching, etc. — um-Ncele.

um-Tungakazana (Thungakazana), n. 5. =
um-Tungwakazana.

um-Tungantete (Thungantethe),n.5. Least,
worthless bit of a thing — only used in
phrases as below, the original meaning
of the word having apparently got lost.

Phr. anginal' uto, ngisho nelokutunga '/ttete,
I haven't anything, eveu that for stringing
locusts on.

angina'dhloxi, nelomtungantete, I haven't
an ancestral spirit (to help me), not even
the sorriest specimen of one.

angina'siklobo, ngisho nesomtungantete, I
have nobody that can lie even called a friend,
am absolutely friendless.
Tungata (Thungatha), v. Follow the scent

663 TU

i.e. trail of anything that is on ahead,
;is a dog that of a buck (ace), or detec-
tives an absconder; go covin- about
from kraal to kraal, as a man in search
of utshwala ( ntanta; cp. tantata ).

u(lu)-Tunge (Thunge). n. Any Ion- series,
procession, succession, or string of tin',
as cattle, wars, houses in a long row, or
a long spun-oul discourse urn-Lunge.
Cp. i(li)-Hele; u(lu)-Jenga.

Ex. mr.i ixinkomo titiinga utunge, here
are the rattle coming in a long procession.

Tungela (Thungela), v. Pour or serve out
utshwala from the storing-pots or izi-
mBiza into the drinking-pots of izi-
nKaniba for immediate consumption
( cp. hlakaza ) ; set fire to, as grass (ace),
a heap of rubbish, etc. < okela; cp.
lumata ).

Ex. us'ebutwtgelt ngomlilo, be has already
set fire to i; I the grass .

isi-Tungo (Thungo), ». isi-Tungu.

um-Tungo (Thungo), n. 5. Scant (whole
thereof), as up the arm of a coat; single
stitch thereof, or of a needle. See tunga.

u(iu)-Tungo (Thungo), v. Long supple stick
or wattle, as used for making the
framework of a Native but; a fragrance,
delicious smell, as a sweet perfume, or
of savoury meat (= u(lu)-Qashi) [Sw.
pingo, bar; Her. oru-hongue, switch].
Phr. utungo Iwenkosikaxi, the rainbow.

Tungqu, ukuti (Thungqu, ukuthi), v. Come
right through and sharply out of, as a
nail when going right through a board
and out on the other side at one heavy
blow, or people already through and
well out of a forest. Cp. ukuti tu,
ukuti nuke.

isi-Tungu (Thungu), n. = isi-Tonto [Her.

o-mbunga, bundle, as sticks; Sw. / 7-

bumba, bundle].
i(li)-Tungulu (Thungulu), n. Fruit of the

um-Tungulu tree.
um-Tungu!u (Thungulu), >>. 5. Natal Plum

bush (Carissa grand) flora), growing

along the coast; (C.N.) coast-land.

u(lu)-Tungu!u (Thungulu), n. Coast-bush
or small woods scattered about in the
vicinity of the sea-coast.

Tunguluka (Thunguluka), r. Get burst
open or opened apart, as below.

Tungulula (Thungulula), r. Bursl open
the eyes (ace.), as a person when the

eyelids have I n stuck together by

dried humour, or a kitten a lew days
after birth.

i-nTungunono (s. f.), u. Secretary-bird ( G-y-

TU
Capensis

664

TU

or Serpentarius

pogeranus
secretarius)

i-nTungwa (s.t.),n. Hard flat, bone (os
coronce) above the hoof of animals (ele-
nTungwa), or one of the similar small
tarsal and carpal bones about the knees
(if animals; gripes in an infant— sup-
posed by the Natives to be connected
with the navel; berry of the um-Tungwa
tree, a number of which are Strang
round the loins of a child affected with
such disease, acting upon this latter as
a charm — in districts where the um-
Tungwa tree does not grow, the berries
of the um-Ngqabe ( which are very si-
milar) are substituted, and hence are
frequently called by the above name.

um-Tungwa (Thungwa), n. 5. Certain forest
tree (Cryptocarpa sp.), growing along
the coast. See i-nTungwa.

um-Tungwakazana (Thungwakazana), n. 5.
= um-Tungwa.

Tunisa (Thunisa), v. Cause a person (ace.)
or thing to have an unbecoming, dis-
liked, offensive appearance or reputation,
as when detracting by speech from a
person's good character, or depreciating
any institution so that it seem to be as
it ought not to be. Cp. tuna; filisa.

i-nTunja (s.t.),n. Hole, orifice (closed in
all round), as the eye of a needle, a hole
in a garment, or a circular opening
through a rock admitting the passage
of a person [Sw. tundu, orifice; njia,
a pass; Ga. luja, open; Her. otyi-tuo,
hole through a rock].

i(li)-Tunjana (Thunjana), n. Last-born
child of a woman, sometimes applied
also to a man = i(li)-Tumbu.

Tunqa (Thunqa),v. Smoke, as a fire, or
fire-log; rise, as dust when cattle are
passing, or smoke from the roof of a hut
= tuny a [Sw. fuka, smoke; Her.tuima].

Tunqisa (Thunqisa), v. Cause to smoke,
burn a thing (ace.) in order to cause a
smoke; tunqisela, make a smoke for, i.e.
to smoke, as one might bacon (ace.)
hanging suspended, or as Natives do
their crops and cattle with medicines in
order to charm them against grub,
drought, disease, etc.

isi-Tunqisa (Thunqisa), n. Gun (an ori-
ginal Zulu name therefor) = isi-Bamu.

Tunqu, ukuti (Thunqu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tuqu.

Tunquka (Thunquka), v. = tuquka.

Tunquza (Thunquza), v. = tvquza.

Tuntsu, ukuti (Thuntsu, ukuthi), v. — ukuti
tint

Tuntsu ka (Thuntsuka), v. = tintsika.

Tuntsu la (Thuntsula), v. = tintsila.

ubu-Tuntu (Thuntu), n. Bluntness, as of
sharp instruments ; powerlessness, of no
working effect, as of worthless medi-
cines. See i-uJundu; tuntubeza [Lat.
obtundo, make blunt; Sw. u-butu, blunt-
ness; Her. ti, blunt].

Phr. IcWbotwc Wbuhmtu, this cooking-pot
is blunt i. e. boils very slowly. Cp. bukali.

Tuntubeza (Thuntubeza), v. Make a thing
(ace.) blunt, in any sense, real or me-
taphor.

isi-Tuntubezi (Thuntubezi), n. Anything
blunt, not sharp, as a blunt knife, weak
worthless medicine, a person of dull
understanding, or a man 'blunt,' unat-
tractive to the girls = isi-Tuntutsha,
i-nJundu.

Tuntulula (Thunhdula), v. Pour forth or
pour in streamwise, in great flowing-
quantity or abundance, as when dis-
charging abundantly at diarrhoea, bring-
ing in great troops of cattle (ace.) or
great loads of corn from a field, or
when letting out a long stream of vile
talk. Cp. ndulula.

Tuntululeka (Thuntululeka), v. Get poured
forth or poured in, come forth or in, in
streams or abundant flow, as people
into a kraal or from a hall, corn being
brought home in abundance, abundant
stools of diarrhoea, torrents of vile
abuse, etc. Cp. tapuka; nduluka.

i-nTuntululu (s. t.), n. A great stream, abun-
dant flow, torrent (only in metaphor,
senses), as of money 'pouring' in, crops,
cattle, or purged stools; thick, vapid
utshtvala. See above.

i-nTuntumezi (s.t.),n. = i-mPumpute.

Tuntuta (Thuntutha), v. = tintita.

isi-Tuntutsha (Thuntutsha), n. = isi-Tuntu-
bezi.

Tunuka (Thunuka), v. Hurt a person (ace.)
on a sore place, or the sore place itself;
hurt or pain a person (ace.) as to his
feelings, by words, etc., e. g. in referring
to some former fault or weakness now
overcome and forgotten [Skr. tup, hurt;
Sw. thuru, hurt].

Tunukala (Thunukala), v. Get hurt, as
the person or sore above.

Tununa (Thununa), v. (C.N.) = tintita.

isi-Tununu (Thununu), n. Person of utter-
ly no account, who can be treated with
contempt, whether from lowness of state
(as a poor menial, beggar, or slave), or
from weakness of intellect (as a dolt or
simpleton).

TU 665

u(lu)-Tununu (s.t.),n. Person (mostly a
female) with huge protruding buttocks.
Cp. u(lu)-Talagu.

Tunya (Thunya), v. = tunqa.

um-Tunyelelwa (Thunyelelwa), n. 5. Bas-
tard Safraan or Mountain Hard Pear
{Cathastrum Capense), used as an inte-
lezi against lightning (N. fr. Xo. uvi-Tu-
myalele).

isi-Tunyisa (Thunyisa), n. = isl-Tunqisa.

um or isi-Tunywa (Thunywa), n. 1. Mes-
-#■' senger; person sent on an errand. See
twna.

i(li)-Tunzi (Thunzi), n. Shadow (of any in-
animate object of size), as a hill, cloud,
house, or tree (as distinct from the
'shade' caused by its foliage— see um-
Tunzi); certain dark-green transparent
bead or beads (collect.), large or small,
resembling the u(lu)-Hlazalwesiwa [Sw.
tunza, protect; ulinzi, protection; Ga.
tumbi, midnight].

isi-Tunzi (Thunzi), n. Shadow, of man or
animal, or any small object e.g. a stick;
the living principle in man, spirit (while
living), 'shade' (after death = i(li)-
Dhlozi); quality in a thing which im-
poses, is commanding of respect, impress-
es with power or superiority (i-nZi-
mba); hence, imposingness, impressive-
ness; moral weight, influence, prestige;

/nobleness, dignity of appearance or bear-
ing; inspiring with awe, dreadfulness,
as of a dark deep pool or chasm ; ( mod.)
applied to the likeness or photograph of
a person on paper. See i(li)-Tunzi.

Ex. kakuna'situnxd loko'kuhamba kwako,
that conduct of yours is not inspiring of re-
spect, is not respectable, is common or low.

isitunxi kasikamuki, the life (or spirit)
has not yet departed (from him).

babunesitunxi utshwala, it was of good,
presentable quality, was the beer.

Phr. uku-x'apuca for xi-hluba, or lahla)
isitunxi, to throw aside one's self-respect.
See lulaxa.

uBani wangena qede, wang'elcka ngesi-
twixi, So-and-so had no sooner entered, than
) he threw over me a shadow, i. e. than I felt
;' a 'presence', a feeling of respect, powerless-
ness, awe, creep over me (as a girl might
feel before an imposing young-man). Cp.
qonela.

N.B. The peculiar uses of this word would
:. seem to indicate that the Natives possess a
natural power, much stronger than our own,
for perceiving or feeling an invisible ' pre-
sence,' occult influences, etc., when working
upon them.
um-Tunzi (Thunzi), n. 5. Shade, as caused
by the foliage of a tree, or a screen of

TU

any kind. Cp. i(li)-Tunzi; isi-Celu [Sw.
tua, shade; tunza, protect].

Phr. uBani u'mtunxi (u'mtunxi wokupu-
nuihi), So-and-80 has a shade (on his face)
for resting in, i.e. has a pug-nose with over-
hanging forehead, as it were, casting a sha-
dow over the eyes.

rmts'ukitJculuma ngaye, eng'umtunxi wetu,
you mustn't get talking about him, he be-
ing our overshadowing personage, i. e. our pro-*
tector, or head man.

P. akuko 'mfula uiigcnu'mfun.ii, there is
no river without its shady part = everybody's
life-course has its troubles somewhere.

u-Tupa (Thupha), n. Thumb {i.e. a name
given thereto), and so used to denote
'six' = u-Gquza.

ama-Tupa (Thupha — no sing.,), n. Human

' claws ' or clutchers i. e. the ends or
working parts of the fingers (only used
as below), the whole set of fingers, one's
hand, or holding, working limb. Cp.
qupa; i(li)-Qupa; u(lu)-Tupa.

Ex. wambamba ngamatupa, he caught or
clutched hold of him with his fingers.

ngitcmda uknkwenxa ngamatupa ami, I pre-
fer to do or make it with my own fingers
( i. e- with my own hands ), as beadwork, etc.

isi-Tupa (Thupa), n. Thumb; the sixth
finger, hence, six ; the sixth place ( of or-
dinal numbers) [Sw. kidole cha gumba,
thumb].

Ex. into yesitupa, the thing of the sixth
place, i. e. the sixth thing.

ixinkomo exiy'isitupa (or ex/i'situpa), six
beasts.

bay'ixitupa, they are two thumbs, i.e. of
exact equality or similarity as to size, height,
appearance, etc. — used in comparing any two
things.

u(lu)-Tupa (Thupha), n. Tip of one's finger
(gen. in plur. izi-nTupa); tiny, insig-
nificant quantity or gift of anything, as
food or tobacco. See ama-Tupa.

Ex. wangipa ngotupa, he gave me on the
tip of his finger, i. e. a contemptibly small
quantity.

isi-Tupana (Thuphana), n. Little, short,
stumpy bit of a thing, as a small under-
grown mealie-cob, or a dwarfish person.

Tupaza (Thuphaza), v. Do in a little,
stumpy bit of a way, as a dwarfish per-
son or infant walking along, or mealies
growing small inferior cobs.

Tupuluza (Thuphuluza), v. = ukuti tupu-
luzi.

Tupuluzi, ukuti (Thv/phulvzi, ukuthi), v.
Catch or lake hold of only by the tips of
the fingers, only slightly, so as to easily

TU 666

lot slip out, as one does a tight-fitting sock
(ace.) when pulling it on, or a running
person whom one ineffectually attempts
to catch hold of; put on small insigni-
ficant cobs which one can hardly catch
hold of, as mealies ( = tupaza).

isi-Tupuluzi (TTiuphultizi), n. Tiny, under-
grown mealie cob = isi-Tupana.

Tuqu, ukuti (Thuqu, ukuthi),v. Rise, go up,
come out, as dust before the wind or ,
from one's coat when beaten, or as
smoke from anything burning = tuquka;
make, rise, go up or come out, raise or
bring out, as the wind dust (ace.) on a
road, or a person dust from his coat
by beating it; hit, as a bird (ace.) or
dog by any thrown missile = tuquza;
be of a dusty or dirty-brown colour, or
of a pinkish brown, as Kafir-beer or
any pink thing —ukuti tunqu.

Tuquka (Thuquka), V. = ukuti tuqu; tu-
nqu k<i.

Tuquza (Thuquza),v. = ukuti tuqu; tu-
nquza.

um-Tuqwa (Thuqwa), n. 5. Cataract of the
eye when it has entirely overgrown the
iris, so as to render the eye almost or
absolutely blind.

Ex. uBani u'rntuqwa (oxunomtuqwa), So-
and-so has au eye whitened or blinded by
cataract.
Tusa (s. t), v. Speak praisingly of a per-
son (ace.) in an admiring, glorifying
manner, extol [Gr. doxa, praise; Sw. tu-
kuza, glorify; Her. tongamisa, to praise;
Ga. tendci].

Phr. uku-xi-tusa, to make oneself out big,
of great importance, be self-conceited (gen.
by talk); .self-adulation.

Tusa (Thusa = etusa/, v. Startle, as one
might a person (ace.) or a horse; fright-
en awaj- by startling, as a wild-beast
or birds; agitate, make apprehensive, a
person (ace.) with a sudden surprise or
suspicious action ; cause to come to or
be revived, as cold water a fainting per-
son; drive off, expel, as tobacco sleep
(ace). See tuka.

i(li)-Tusi (Thusi),n. Brass; thing made of
brass. Cp. u-Sokele; i-nTsimbi [Skr.
ay as, iron; Lat. aes, brass).

i-nTusi (8.t.),n. Red ox having patches
or spots of white on the upper parts of
the legs and beneath the belly.

um-Tusi (Thusi), n. 5. = um-Kumiso.

Tuta (Thutha),v. Take or convey away,

/

TU

remove, goods (ace.) in quantity from
one place to another, as when removing
oik's kraal, or the corn from the field-
stack to the kraal; carry one away (by

report) i.e. go off and talk or spread

reports about one (ace.) [Her. tuta,
bring along; Bo. tuta, carry].

Ex. kuyakututwa ifini konke loko? by
what means will all this be conveyed or
carried away'.'

uku-m-tuta umuntu, to remove a person
i.e. do the removal of his goods for him,
as per wagon.

.isi-Tuta (Thutha), n. An ancestral spirit
(= i(li)-Dhlozi); silly, stupid, brainless,
\ person, a fool (= isi-Pukupuku; cp.
v isi-Pukeqe).

Phr. btti/ru/'jiiiriiilta njc, ingauti kimi ba-
bebula (upoko) olwakwa'situta, they just
act stingily towards me, whereas from me
they get what they like, lit. they have been
threshing the upoko of a Mr. Fool (helping
themselves from the little grain, they were,
supposed to be threshing, just as they liked,
imposing upon the owner as though he
were too stupid to observe it).

N.B. Whereas the fabled uNkulunkutu
is credited hy the Zulus with having created
the first human pair, all subsequent repro-
; ductions ot the species (i.e. in the wombs
I of the mothers) is regarded rather as the
work of the ancestral spirits, of whom it is
said, xikwaxi ukubumba umuntu. zingaboni,
they can make a man (in the dark) with-
out seeing him !

i-nTutane (Tuthane), n. (C.N.) = i-nTu-
ttuane.

Tutaza (Thuthaza), v. Make a fool of a
person (ace). See isi-Tuta.

Tutelekela (Thuthelekela), v. Stream or
flow into, enter as a long continuous
body, as a snake entering its hole, a long
train of people entering a hut, or a
tributary stream pouring itself into a
river = wolekela.

i-nTuto (Tut ho), n. Load, cargo (mod.).
Tutu (Thuthu), int. War-cry of opposing
armies when about to join in conflict.

Tutu, ukuti (Thuthu, ukuthi), v. Move
forward (trans, and intrans.), move
along, increase, grow, exceed, a little,
in a slight degree, just a bit, as a sit-
ting person budging slightly, a child
adding slightly to its stature, or one
heap of potatoes being slightly larger
or in excess of another = tutuka; uku-
ti tika; ukuti siki; cp. ukuti qabavu;
wait or be quiet a moment with one's
talk.

Ex. amain i (emfuleni) as'ete tutu, the
water (in the river) has now slightly
risen or increased.

ake nii lulu, nyisakuluma, just be still
a moment while I am still speaking.

T

Make off with
thief making

TU

u-Tutu (Thuthu), n. Large smoky bubbles
of spittle ejected through the rood
(um-Tskumo) when smoking the hemp-
horn (i(li)-Gudu).

i-nTutu (Tuthu), n. Smoke = umu-Si [Lat.

fumus, smoke; Her. oku-tuima, to

smoke; Reg. tuija, fire; Sw. Ze. Ngu.

Kag. etc. m-oto, fire — see tunqa],
u(lu)-Tutu (Thuthu), n. Fine wood ashes

still hot with fire. Cp. urn- Lota.
Ex. ingane is'iPtdutu, the child is now all

covered with ash-dust.

ubu-Tutu (s. t.), n. Anything readily dis-
integrating or falling to pieces from
rottenness, decay, etc., as a moth-eaten
garment, decayed wood, rotten meat,
meat boiled to shreds, etc. = ubu-Dudu.

Tutuka (Thuthuka), v. = ukuti tutu.

.V. />. When a person sneezes, they say to
him, tutuka, wena was'ekutini ! may you grow
or increase, you of such and such a clan
(calling it by its isibongo)\

isi-Tutuma (s. t.), n. Person with a hugely

fat body.
Tutumba (Thuthumbha), v.

a thing, carry it off, as a

off with somebody's property (with no),

a warrior taking captive a woman, or

a flooded river carrying away one's

crops (cp. tumba; kukula ; muka);

(C.N.) break out, as an eruption (= qu-

buka ).
i(li)-Tutumba (Thuthumbha), n. = i-n'Tu-

tumba.
i-nTutumba (Tuthumbha), n. Pimple, as

of a rash (not of a pustular nature) =

i(li)-Tutumba, i-nTsuntsumba, i(li)-Tu-

tuva.
Tutumela (Thuthumela), v. =

[Skr. dhu, shake; Sw. tetema,
i(li)-Tututu (Thuthuthu), n. One

tain supplementary regiment

ated by Cetshwayo into the Nodwengu

military-kraal.

i(li)-Tutuva (Thuthuva), n. = i(li)-Tutumba.

u(lu)-Tutuva (Thuthuva), n. Anything be-
come discoloured, of a dirty-white or
dusty-looking tint, whether with dirt or
from fading, as an old dried-up woman's
isidwaba, or a dirty man whose un-
washed body has assumed a dusty white
appearance = u(lu)-Tuzula.

Tutuza (s. t.), v. Discharge or pour out
rottenness, as a person when purged, a
broken tumour, or the ear of a scroful-
ous child discharging matter ( see ubu-
Tutu); also = tunduzela.

i-nTutwane (Tuthwane), n. Small kind of
ant, common about pantries; mischievous

qaqazela
tremble].

of a cer-
incorpor-

667 TWA

busy-body, who goes about talking what
he lias heard in private = i-nGcongo-
shiyane.

isi-Tutwane (Thuthwane), n. Epilepsy; epi-
leptic fit. Cp. i(li)-Ndiki.

i-nTuva (s. t.), n. Dandruff or scurf in the
hair = i-nKwetu.

isi-Tuvi (Thuvi), n. Place where the inmates
of a kraal make their stools so that
much excrement is there about.

u(lu)-Tuvi (Thuvi), n. Excrement (of a
foul-smelling nature), as of a man, dog,
or fowl (not of cattle, horses, etc. — see
ubu-Longwe). Cp. i-Ndhle; i-nGqata
[Sw. Bo. mavi, excrement; Reg. tubi;
Her. otu-ze].

u(lu)-Tuzula (Thuuzula), n.= u(lu)-Tutuva.

Twa, ukuti (Thwa, ukuthi), v. Be quite or
brimming full, as a pit with corn or
water (= ukuti ciki, ukuti pama) ; be
quite white (= ukuti qwa ) ; crack, as a
heavy transport whip (cp. ukuti twiqi,
ukuti tswibi).

Twa, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. Sink right
down into, penetrate deeply, as a man
in deep water or a bog, a snail drawing
itself far into its shell, or a thorn pene-
trating deeply into the flesh = ukuti
tshwa, twattvalala, twativalazi, piqe,
shi.

um or umu-Twa (Thwa), n.l. Bushman
(=isi-Qwe) ; often applied to an individual
so devoid of ordinary human instincts
as, after being treated kindly by one,
to proceed to rob his benefactor — like
a 'Bushman,' indeed, which people lived
by stealing [Her. omu-tua, Bushman ;
Cong, ba-kwa, forest pygmies; Gaboon,
ba-ti, tall slender race of Bushmen ; Sw.
m-twana, slave; Ar. bedawi, desert-
dwellers. — The name aba-Twa, or its
cognates, is the almost universal designa-
tion among the Bantu tribes for the
Bushmen and Pygmy-Bushmen, who are
all regarded by the Natives as merely
varieties of one and the same race.
Thus, the ba-Rwa (or ba-Roa) of the
Kalahari, and the wa-Twa (or wa-Tua)
of the Lualaba and Gallaland, are all
one and the same people — at least in
the eyes of the Bantu people. So, too,
are the Aka or Tiketike, on the Welle ;
the Teke, ba-Jeke, or Bakebake, in the
Congo Territory; the San of the Kala-
hari, and the wa-Sania of Gallaland].

isi or umu-Twa (Thwa), n. 5. Perfume for
rubbing on the isidwaba, etc., and made
of the pulverised wood of certain scent-
ed trees, as the isi-Gcengce, um-Xamn,
um-Tomboti, etc.

TWA 668

u(lu)-Twa (Tliwa), a- Any very deep, abys-
mal hole, as a ' bottomless ' pit or well,
a deep pool in a river, or chasm be-
tween rocks; person with deep sunken
eyes = u(lu)-Zwa, u(lu)-Zolobela, i-nZo-
longo, i-nZolombela.

i(li)-Twabi (Tlurabi — no \)\\\\\),n. Hiccups
(with shaya) = i-nTwabi.

i-nTwabi (s.t.),n. = i(li)-Twabi.

Twabu, ukuti (Thicabu, ukuthi), v. Give
one (ace.) a swipe with a switch ; also
= ukuti twaku.

Twabuza (Thwabuza), v. = ukuti twabu.

Twabuzela (Thwabuzela), v. — twakuzela.

Twaca, ukuti (Thwaca, ukuthi), v. Lie stretch-
ed out flatly in a broad expanse, as be-
low.

u(lu)-Twaca (Thwaca), n. Anything lying
stretched flatly out in a broad expanse,
as a great sheet of still water, an expan-
sive plain, very large field, or cattle
lying in very great numbers covering
a large patch of veldt = u(lu)-Twacela.

u(lu)-Twace!a (Thwacela), n.==u(lu)-Twaca.

Twahla, ukuti (Thwahla, ukuthi), v. Be
quite or very white = ukuti hu.

Twahla (Thwahla), v. Eat any delicious,
pappy kind of food (from the peculiar
slushing sound when eating), as a nice
porridge (ace), dish of amasi, or soft
mess = dwashela.

Twahla twahla, ukuti (Thwahla thwahla,
ukuthi), v. = ukuti kwahla kwahla.

Twahlaza (Thwahlaza), v. = kwahlaza.

Twahlazela (Thwahlazela), v. = kwahla-
zehi.

i(li)-Twakele (Thwakele), n. Hard-wooded
forest-tree (Alsodeiasp.), growing along
the coast.

i-nTwaku (s.L; s.k.), n. Boiled mealie-grains
burnt in the pot. Cp. u(lu)-Kobe.

um-Twaku (Thivaku), n. 5. Lining, as of
any article of clothing. Cp. i-nTwaku-
ntxvakti.

i-nTwakubomvu (s.L; s.k.),n. = um-Toto.

i-nTwakumba (Twakumbha), n. Flea —
mostly applied to the variety infesting
dogs;' a sharp, cunning dodger, who is
never caught = i(li)-Zeze.
i-nTwakuntwaku (s.t.;s.k.),n. Very thin
dressed-skin, attenuated by over-scrap-
ing, as that of an isidwaba; hence,
any very light, thin-textured cloth. Cp.
i-aDwangu; i(li)-Tivatwasi.

Twaku twaku, ukuti (Thivaku thivaku, uku-
thi), i\ -- twakuzela.
Twakuza or Twakuz«la (Thwakuza), v. =
/ ibuzela.

TWA

Twala (Thwala), v. Bear or carry on the
head or shoulders (whether when sta-
tionary, or moving along), as a burden
(ace.) or any head-ornament of size [Skr.
vah, carry ; bharami, bear ; Lat. tuli,
latus, bear away; Ar. hamal, bear; Hi.
uthaua, carry ; Ga. twala, take ; Sw.
twaa, take; Her. tuara, carry away;
Bo. egala, carry; Ze. igara, take; Kag.
egalu; Kwafi. etanaba; Ya. tola].

Ex. ub'etwele, he was carrying (some bur-
den on the head).

Phr. Jculeso'sikati ngangisatwala, at that
time I was still carrying, *'. e. was still an
u-dibi.

uku-twala aman&i ngesifuba, to bear the
water on one's chest, i. e. cross a river with
the left hand towards its source, the right
hand carrying the staff and so making the
body stand obliquely against the down-
flowing current.

uku-twala amehlo, to look about in a
'cheeky', boldly free manner, as a stranger
iu a kraal or hut (instead of maintaining
an humble, respectful mien).

uku-twala icala, to bear the blame or
guilt (of any action). See tola.

uku-tioala amapiko, to hold the wings ex-
tended and at rest, as do some birds when
' floating ' through the air.

uku-twala ikanda, to hold the head high,
i. e. be haughty, think much of oneself.

uku-twala ingdnga, to go with the chest
thrown out (and stomach drawn in), as a
young-man when showing off, or a soldier
drilling.

uku-twala igwalagwala, to receive or 'car-
ry ' a bleeding wound on the head.

uku-twala iqolo, to be self-conceited, stuck-up.

uku-twala. imikono (or ixandhla) ekanda,
to carry the hands behind the head (some-
what as a Whiteman lounging in a chair),
i. e. to wail or cry the isi-Lilo for a dead
person (from the custom of the women of
so placing their hands when stricken with
grief, on which account the adoption of such
a posture at other times is not becoming
or proper).

uku-twala ixwe ugesifuba, to bear the
country on one's chest, i. e. to be going up-
couutry, towards inland.

uku-xi-twala, to carry oneself (with uku-
hamba), i.e. to take oneself along, force
oneself to travel, when from feebleness or
exhaustion one is really unfit to do so.

i •• n T w a I a fs. t.), n. Louse ; seed of the

i-mBuya or i-mBuyabatwa herb [Sw.

tawa, louse].
i-nTwalabombo or Twalalubombo (Tivala-

bombho), n. Certain climbing-plant =

i-mPindisa.

N.B. This bumble plant provides a good

TWA

X

example of the varied powers ( supposed and
otherwise) possessed, in the imagination of
the Native, by so many of the commonest
veldt-herbs and weeds, and the ' good uses '
to which they have learnt to apply them: —
a young man uses it as an emetic in or-
der to make his bodily appearance (i-y(i.i)
nice when going out courting, or washes his
face with it to give it a beautiful reddish
glow; the man afflicted with sexual im po-
tency drinks an infusion of it, mixed with
goat's milk, in order to restore the lost pow-
ers which some evil person has charmed
away from him ; the suspecting kraal-owner
sprinkles it about his yard to drive away
the 'black art' of an umtakati that may be
working there; the girl menstruating for the
first time, mixes it with Kafir-corn {u-jiba),
and drinks it as a kind of tonic suitable to
her indisposition; while the more sensible
housewife uses it simply as a soothing
draught for chest complaints.

isi-Twalambiza (Thwalambhiza), n. Mantis,
of which there are several species (lit.
the pot-bearer, from the peculiar for-
mation of the head).

isi-Twala-mehlo (Thwala-mehlo), n.

'Cheeky-eyed,' impudent-looking person,
as a boy who enters a sti'ange kraal in a
bold unmannered way = i(li)-Qalaqala.

isi-Twalo (Thwalo), n. Band of beadwork
worn by an i-nKehli below and round
the top-knot. Cp. isi-Qikela; um-Nqwazi.

um-Twalo (Thwalo), n. 5. Burden or load
r carried on the head or shoulders, or in
a wagon. See twala.

um-Twalume (Ihwalume), n. 5. Certain
tree, whose bark is used for dysentery.

Twalu twalu, ukuti (Ihwalu thwalu, uku-

thi), v. = ukuti kabu kabu.
Twaluza or Twaluzela (Thwaluza), v. =

kabuzela.
i(li)-Twane (s.t.),n. Fourth or digesting

stomach of cattle (cp. u(lu)-Sti); hence,

tripe = i(li)-Swili, u-Tintitwayo.

isi-Twanga or Twangatwanga (Thwanga), n.
(C.N.) = u-Twanqu.

Twanqa, ukuti (Thwdnqa, ukuthi), v. =
twanqaza ; twanqazeka.

Twanqaza (Thwanqaza), v. == ukuti tanqa.
Twanqazeka (Thtoanqazeka),v. = ukuti
tanqa.

Twanqu, ukuti (Thwanqu, ukuthi), v. Be
of despicably low degree, as a poor
common fellow respected by nobody.

Ex. nrtiimtu twanqu, a poor common per-
son =* u-Twanqu.

u-Twanqu (Thwanqu), n. Person of despi-
cably low degree, ti'eated with unconcern

669 TWA

or contempt by everybody (cp. isi-Tu-
nunu); also applied to a common 'dir-
ty' fellow who never washes his body
(— isi-Hwab<nl iya)\ poor, worthless,
'whitish' snuff = u(lu)-Twanqwi\ cp.
u-Panqu.

Ex. utwauijn umuntu ong'umfokoxana mfo,
an utwanqu is a poor fellow of the Lowest
type.

u(lu)-Twanqusi (Thwanqnsi), n. = u(lu)-

Twanqu.
Twantsu, ukuti (Thwantsu, ukuthi), v. =

ukuti dantsu.

Twantsu la (Thwantsula), v. = dantsula.

Twanya, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.), v. = twanyaza.

Twanya (s. t), v. = twanyaza.

isi-Twanyatwanya (s. t.), n. = i-nTwani/a-
ntwanya.

i-nTwanyantwanya (s. t.), n. = i-nTanyanta-
nya; more generally applied to softly
mashy, pappy foods ( such as are eaten
with a spoon, not with the fingers), as
ubu-bende, porridge, amasi, etc.

Twanyaza (s. t.), v. = tanyaza ; eat, handle,
etc., anything (ace.) as above.

Twanyazeka (s.t.; s.k.),v. — tanyazeka;
be of the nature of an i-nTwanya-
ntwanya.

Twapa (s.t.; s.p.),v. Ladle or take out
largely, as with a large spoon or with
the hand, anything (ace.) of a softly
mashy, pappy nature, as porridge (=
tivapuna); hence, go beyond a reason-
able limit in taking, or (metaphor.)
doing generally.

Phr. ulcu-zi-twapela, to ladle out, or take
largely out, for oneself, help oneself to more
than one has a right to, as to the cattle of
a deceased person.

Twapuna (s.t.; s. p.), v. = twapa.

Twasa (Thwasa = eTwasa^, v. Come out
(into public view) for the first time,
come out anew (only used in certain
connections), as the new moon, a planet
or constellation 'coming out' again after
a temporary disappearance, a new sum-
mer-season (i(li)-Hlobo) coming round
anew, or a young um-Ngoma emerging
from his initiation and starting practice.
Ex. inyanga iy'etwasa ngomuso, the moon

changes, i.e. comes out anew, to-morrow.
ngtxawubuya ng'ezawutwasa, [shall return

by the one (moon) that will next change,
i.e. the coming or next month.

uku-twasa kwonyaka, the coming-in of the
new year, /. e. the spring-time.

i\inkinin> \iifetivasa nonyaka, cattle com-
mence their new course of breeding along
with the new year.

TWA

i(li)-Twasa (Thwasa), n. Young um-Ngoma
or witch-doctor in the first years of his
practice.

Twaseka (Thwaseka), v. Go crazy, act in
an extraordinary manner (in the manner
of many student witchdoctors), doing
or talking away in a wild, frantic, insane
kind of way.

Twasha (Thwdsha), v. = twahla.

Twasha or Twashe, ukuti (Thwdsha, uku-
thi), v. = ukuti cwasha.

Twashaza (Thwashaza), v. = ukuti cwasha.

Twashela (Thwashela), v. = cwashela.

Twasisa (Thwasisa), v. Bring out i. e. take
through one's course of initiation, as
an old um-Ngoma does a novice (ace).

isi-Twatwa (Thwathwa), n. Frost; also
applied to ice = u-Ngqoqwane; cp. %(li)-
Qwa.

Twatwalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. = ukuti
two.

Twatwalazeka (s. t.; s. k.), v. Get let go
deeply down or right into any very
deep hole — see ukuti twa.

Twatwalazi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. L), v. = ukuti
twa.

i(li)-Twatwashi (Thwathwashi), n. (C.N.)
= i(li)-Twatwasi.

i(li)-Twatwasi (Thwathwdsi), n. Any very
thin thing, as a membranous skin, very
thin cloth or covering of any kind, an
isidwaba worn almost through (not
used of anything hard, as metals — see
i(li)-Hengesi) = u(lu)-Ntwentive, i-nTwa-
twasi.

i-nTwatwasi (Twathivasi), n. = i(li)-Twa-
twasi.

Twa twa twa, ukuti (Thiva, ukuthi), v. Let
fall a few large drops only, as the sky
(i-zalu) rain at times; deal a few heavy
blows only, have a few whacks, as com-
batants having a slight skirmish with
sticks = twatwaza.

Ex. bati Iwa twa twa, basebeyeka, they
had a few whacks and then left off.

Twatwaza (Thwathwaza), v. = ukuti twa
twa twa.

Twaxa, ukuti (Thwaxa, ukuthi), v. Adhere,
cling, combine very closely and firmly
together, as the sticks of a fagot when
tightly bound round with a cord, a para-
sitic plant clinging firmly to the trunk
of a tree, two inseparable friends, or
flour well combining with the water in
a dough; make so adhere, cling to,
combine together, as the rope which
binds a fagot <>f sticks (ace).

i-nTwaxa (s.t.),u. A tongue that wriggles

670 TWE

round about people in every direction,
i.e. deceptive; hence, such a double-
tongued, deceptive talker, here saying
one thing, there another = i(li)-Nyali-
nyali. See twaxaza.

Ex. uLiiliin i-lii' ntwaxa, Mr. Double-tongue.
owakwa' Lulimi-lu'ntwaxa, one of Mr.

Double-tongue's people.

u(lu)-Twaxa (Thwaxa), n. Anything clinging,
adhering, combining closely and firmly
together, or with something else, as
above — see ukuti twaxa.

Twaxaza (Thwaxaza), v. Talk in a double-
tongued manner, deceiving all round.
Cp. paxaza; i-nTwaxa.

u(lu)-Twaxela (Thwaxela), n. = u(lu)-Twa-

xa.
Twaxu, ukuti (Thtvdxu, ukuthi), v. Make
the sharp 'smacking' noise of a whip,
or the 'slapping' noise of a wet hide;
cause a thing (ace.) to make such a
noise, hence, ' smack ' a whip, slap with
a hide, etc. (= twaxu la).

Twaxu la (Thwaxula), v. = ukuti twaxu.
um-Twaxutwaxu (Thwaxuthwaxu), n. 5. =

um-Kwaxuk waxu.
Twaxuzela (Thwaxuzela), v. = kwaxuzela.

isi or u(lu)-Twayi (s. t.), n. Eczema, in man;
scab, in sheep or goats ; mange, in dogs
or horses = u-Gtvebula, u(lu)-Kwekwe.

u-Twayibana (s.t.),?i. Red person i.e. of
ruddy yellowish complexion; (mod.).
Turkey-red cloth, of the stores (=
u-Nembe ).

u(lu)-Twayitwayi fs. t.), n. Long, lanky per-
son or thing.

Twayizela (s.t.),v. = dwayizela.

Twazi, ukuti (Thwcizi, ukuthi), v. Just ap-
pear or come out into view, as the
new moon. See twasa.

um-Twazi (Thwazi),n.5. Monkey-rope (Cis-
sus rhomboidea), a stout forest-climber
stripped up and used as ropes by Na-
tives.

Twebu, ukuti (Thwebu, ukuthi), v. = tive-

h/rfa.

Twebu la (Tluoebula), v. Spirit or conjure
away, remove by some magical process,
the isi-Tunzi of a person or thing
(ace), as that he become no longer
highly esteemed by the chief or among
the girls, or that his crops lose their
fine-looking, thriving appearance.

um-Twebulo (Thwebulo), n. 5. Any medi-
cine or charm, used for the above pur-
pose.

Twece, ukuti (Thwece, ukuthi), v. (C.N.)
= ukuti luca.

TWE

671

TWI

• !

i(li)-Tweka (Thweka), u. Man or beast

with only one testicle = i(li)-Tekwa.
Twele, ukuti (ukuthi; 8.t), v. ukuti lolo.

i (li)-T w e I etwel e (s.t.),n. Nervousness,
anxiety, apprehension, Tear i(li)-Bele-
belc, i(li)-Twelwe.

isi-Tweletwele (s. L), n. Jew's-harp, of the
stores (mod).

Twelezela (s. t.), v. = twetwezela.

Twesa (Tkwesa = etwesaj, v. Help or
make to carry on the head or shoulder,
as when giving a servant a load to
carry (doub. ace.), or when assisting a.
carrier to raise a burden from the
ground on to his head (— twalisa);
teach or initiate another (ace.) into any
trofession, practices of skill, etc., as
might a doctor or an umtakati a per-
son he is training (lit. meaning that he
causes the learner to accompany him
when out on his professional travels,
giving him the various medicines and
charms to carry - though the form
twalisa is not generally used in this
last sense, nor is the word twesa ap-
plied to the initiation into their profes-
sion of young witchdoctors, for which
see twasisa).

Tweshe, ukuti (Thweshe, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti heshe.

Tweshezela (Thweshezela), v. = kabuzela.

i-nTwesi (s.t.),n. Sharp-brained, clever-
handed person, who knows how to
speak and how to do skilfully.

ubu-Twesi (s. f), n. Sharpness, smartness,

as above.
Twetsha (s. t.), v. Select the choicest, best

(aec.) from among a number = domu-

la; cp. keta.

Twetwe, ukuti (Thwethwe, ukuthi), v. Spring
up on to or at, as a cat springing up
on to a cupboard, or a monkey on to
a higher branch (cp. ukuti luca, ukuti
gubu); take out slightly, just a little, as
a handful of mealies (ace.) out of a sack,
or a ladleful of beer from a barrel (=
ukuti wawu, ukuti heshe).

Ex. awuntjite.Ii1 twetwe, 'mngane, just do
for me a handful (of anything), friend.

Tw« twe, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Do, go,
etc., in a nervous, flurried, agitated
manner.

Tw5 twe, ukuti (Thwe thwe, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti ktibu kabu.

i(li)-Twetwe (s. /.), n. = i(li)-Tweletwele.

i-nTwetwe (Twethwe), n. One of the pea-
like seeds growing in pods on some
mimosa trees, and eaten by bucks and
goats.

isi-Twetwe (Thwethwe), n. Small branch
(of any kind) with its foliage for en-
twining about the stakes of a kraal-fence
in order to fill out the empty interstices.
See um-Belo; vis ha.

u(lu)-Twetwe (Thwethwe), n. Anything dried
up hard, as a lump of meal become
hard and dry, a corpse already stiff, or
a dirty dish-cloth dried hard ; also =
i-nTwetwe.

Twetweza or Twetwezela (Thwethweza), v.
= kabuzela.

Twetwezela (s. t.), v. Do anything in a
nervous, fearful, agitated manner, with
loss of presence of mind. Cp. tatazela.

u(lu)-Twezula (Thweezula), n. Tall, slender-
bodied person ■= u(lu)-Twayitwayi.

Twi, ukuti (Thwi, ukuthi), v. Be straight,
whether perpendicularly as a Qagstaff,

or horizontally as a railway-line |
ukuti twishi); 'touch up' with a slight
sharp stroke, as a carriage-horse (ace.)
with a whip, or an infant with a small
stick (— ukuti tshwibi). See ukuti twi
twi.

Ex. uloku eti twi entabeni, he keeps stand-
ing straight up, i.e. standing up still, on
the hill.

Tw'i'bi, ukuti (Thwlbi, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
tshwibi.

i(li)-Twibisha (Thwibisha), n. (C.N.) =
i(li)-Tsweba.

TwVnqi, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. = twinqila.

Twinqila (s.t.),v. Give one (ace.) a sharp
prick, sting, as a wasp a person (= su-
zela), or as one person another with
painful words = ukuti twinqi.

TwVqi, ukuti (Thiviqi, ukuthi), v. Make to
crack, as one might a small whip (ace.)
or slash (= twiqila; cp. ukuti tsxvibi;
ukuti twa); crack, as the whip itself
(= twiqika).

Twiqika (Thwiqika), v. = ukuti twiqi.

Twiqila (Thwiqila), v. = ukuti twiqi.

um-Twisazwe (Thwisazwe), n. 5. One of a
regiment, or the regiment itself, formed
by Mpande next after the u(lu)-Kande-
mpemvu, with which it was afterwards
incorporated.

Twisha (Thwisha), v. = twishila.

Twisheka (Th wisheka), v. = twishika.

Twi'shi, ukuti (Thwishi, ukuthi), v. Strip
off, peel off strip-wise, pull off in a long
peeling manner, as the soft skinny bark
(ace.) of a tree, the hide from a slaugh-
tered beast, or the separate fibres out
of a fibrous stalk; scrape off in peels
or strips, as when planing a plank, or

TWI

scraping the membranous skin from the
inside of a hide; strip, as a plum (ace.)
or slaughtered beast of its skin (doub.
ace.) = twishila, twisha; get so stripped
off, as the skin above; go straightly off
or along or up, lie straightly out, be
perfectly straight, as a flagstaff, a road,
or a man lying stretched out at full
length = twishika; cp. ukuti twi.

i(li)-Twishi (Thwishi), n. A strip, or long
peeled-off piece, as of soft skinny bark
from a tree, or a strip of cloth == um-
Dweshu. Cp. um-Shontsholozi (App.).

Twishika (Tlucishika), v. = ukuti twishi.

672 UKU

Twishila (Thwishila), v. = ukuti twishi.
Twitwa (Thwithwa), v. Eat anything (ace.)

with a slushing sound, as a juicy fruit
(ace), piece of meat, or watery por-
ridge.

TwY twi', ukuti (Thivi thw'i, ukuthi), v. Deal
stroke after stroke with a switch, hence,
whip, as a mother a naughty child (ace.).

Twitwiza (Thwithwiza), v. Eat anything
(ace.) with the slushing sound, as above
(= twihva); hoe with a lazy, strength-
less motion, merely letting the hoe fall
without anjr force.

u

Uin Zulu always takes the Continental
sound, as in the English word 'resume'.
It lias three varieties of length — (1), a
short u, resembling the u in the English word
•hull,' as in the words t'/i (straight), lenu
(your), and i-sulubexi (bad luck); (2), a full
u, like that in the English word 'ruler,' and
mostly found in the penultimate of words, as
in the words nqunia (become solid), and kuye
(to him); ('A), a long u, rarely occurring, and
non-existent iu English, as in the word nqit/ma
lent off i. and which may be most conveniently
distinguished in script by the sign uu.

U, j>ers. pron. nom. for nouns of the 1st.
and 5th. classes sing, commencing with
the prefix u, um, or umu [Same in
many Bantu langs.].
Ex. u-ti, he says.

a mila (in/tiiti), it (the tree) grows.
U, pers. pron. Thou [Av. tu; Lat. tu, and
in most Bantu langs. J.
Ex. u-ti, thou sayest.

Uba, conj. — ukuba (= ube, ubani, ube-
ni); interrog. pron. = ubani.

Ubani, interrog. pron. Who?; whom?
( uba t; indef. pron. So-and-so; conj.
that (= ukuba ).

Ex. ubani owasho njalo? who said so?
washo ku'bani? to whom did lie say it?
afilce njalo, ati, ubani ungishayile, he comes
Continually, saying, So-and-so has struck me.

Ube, conj. = ukuba.

Ubeni, conj. = ukuba.

Ukuba (s.k.),conj. That; it being that,
when; it being that, if; it being that,
since, because = uba, ubani, ube, ubeni,
ukxibani, ukubeni.

Ex. ngitanda ukuba nihambe kusasa, I
wish that you may go to-morrow.

kute ukuba sifike ekaya, impi yayingaseko,
when we reached home, the enemy was no
longer there.

ngayishile ingubo, ukuba ngingasheshanga
ngafika, the blanket would have been burnt,
if T had not quickly arrived.

basho, ukuba bebotia ixinkomo, they say so
because they see (our) cattle.

Ukubani (s.k.), conj. = ukuba.
Ukubeni (s.k.), conj. = ukuba.
Ukude (s.k.), conj. That constantly — see de.
Ukudimde (s.k.), conj. That merely — see
dimde.

Ex. ukudimde niye kona nje, kakuyikusixa
Vuto, to merely go there (or, that you should
merely go there), will not help anything.

Ukuhie (s. k.), conj. That actually — - see hie.

Ex. ukuhie n'enxe njalo enkosini genu! that

you should actually do thus to your chief!

Ukuma (s.k.), conj. (C.N.) = ukuba.

Ukunga (s.k.), conj. 'To would that,' that
( with the thought of longing desire ) -
the use is almost confined to Natal,
the Zulus substituting sengati.

Ex. iray'efisa ukunga (or sengati) angaba
kona naye, he was longing that (would that)
he too might be there.

Ukupela (Ukuphela), adv. That alone, only
that, that's all; alone, only; completely,
entirely, the whole of it or them; except
= kupela.

Ex. ngifuna ukubeka ix/vi Ube linye uku-
pela, 1 wish to state just (or only) one word.

ng'uye lo, ukupela hvake kimi, it is this
one alone that I have, or, this is the only
one I have.

sewaxieita ukupela,, he has by this wasted
the whole lot of them (his cattle).

ngicela yona nje, ukupela, I merely ask
for it (my money), that's all.

bayakuhamba bonke, ukupela lo'mfana, they
shall go all of them, only (i.e. except I this
hoy.
Ukusimze (s.k.), conj. = tikudimde.

UKU 673

Ukuti (Ukuthi), conj. That (in the souse
of 'namely, to wit'); this or that par-
ticular thing, such and such a thing.

Ex. kwasho ubani ukuti manixe lapa'i who
said, namely (= thai i you should come here?

simxe itshn nje ukuti ufuna ukuti, just
simply say that you want this or that (or
such and such a thing I.

aba at ii bat i isigudhlo, ukuti nje, into yo-
kugudhla, the Natives say {i.e. call it) an
isigudhlo, that is to say (or, in other words),
a thing for scraping with.

Ukuye (s. k.), adv. Mostly used in Natal =
itkuze.

Ukuze (s.k.),adv. In order that, to the
end that, that it may come that.

Ex. ngikunika le'mali ukuxe ungahlupeki
oTukela, I give you this money, to the cud

that you may not have trouble at theTukela
( in crossing it).

VA
Uma, adv. [f; when; (C.N.) also ukuba

[Skr. ii'ii, as if; ni. or; Ar. i:n. it; Sw.

kama, if; Ga. nya\ MZT. a mar; Go.
inn ii i ; Sale, avi; Wan. me of ma, if).

Umakazi (s.k.), adv. kazi, pane.

Umhlolo or Umhlola, int. See um-Hlola.
Ungabe (C.N.) = ingabe.
Unganti (C.N). = inganti.

um-Ungwane, m. ,1 (C.N.) see umu-Wu-

ni/ wit a r.

Uqobo, adv. Really; often equivalent to
adj. real = invpela.

Ex. ngiyakiikubulala uqobo, I shall really
kill you.

uy'isituta uqobo, he is a real fool.

Us\m,adv. Derisively- see u(lu)-Sini.

Usulu, iiiIik Derisively -see u(lu)-Sulu.

V.

as in Eng-

Vin Zulu has the same sound
lish.

Va, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sit on the buttocks
(as a man), or on the haunches (as a

dog ) — - ukuti vo.

Va ( -- Eva), v. Come out well, get produced
(gen. by some process of working), as
butter from the milk in churning, from
the fire-stick by friction, or metal from
the ore in smelting; make so come out
well, produce, yield forth, as the milk
churned, fire-stick rubbed, or ore smelted ;
come out well i.e. through the process, as
a piece of pottery coining safely through
the baking without a crack ; bear or yield
well, ' increasingly, ' or largely, producing
augmentation in quantity, as any parti-
cular variety of seed, or breeding-stock,
j or milch-cow; be amiable, of kindly,
! benevolent disposition or frame of mind
| (used in perf. ) [prob. akin to za, vela,
zwa, and zala — Sw. iva, come to a
head].

Ex. mnafiita evile, the fat {i.e. butter]
has come out or got produced (from tin-
milk ).

lohi'bisi kaluvi, this milk doesn't give forth
(its butter i.

isitsha sami kasivanga, saba nofa, my
vessel didn't come out well, it got a crack
( in the baking ).

tnifrrn lolu'hlobo Imii mbila , this kind of
mealies yields well.

sf.irili ixinkomo tika'Bani, So-aud-so's
cattle have already given forth or increased
well.

indoda ivih namhlanje, the master of the

house is in a good frame of mind, kindly
disposed to-day.

iximbuxi xii/era ngesihlanu, the goats
have an increase or addition ( over the isliu-
iii i) of live, i.e. are fifteen.

i(li)-Va, n. A good yielding, bearing, in-
creasing, of one's stock. Cp. i(H)-Ce.
See va.

Ex. yek'umunhi eneva leukoma ! what a
yielding or increase of stuck that man
enjoys !

7(li)-Va (ii- Va - - the prefix being long^, n.
Thorn, as of a bramble; pick, gen. a
thorn, for extracting thorns from the
feet, etc.; pi. ame-Va, often used as of
euphemism for 'snake' — the word i-Nyo-
ka being disliked when used of one's
own family [Sw. mw-iba, thorn ; iva,
come to a head; Bo. mw-iwa, thorn;
Her. oku-iya; MZT. ka-nvua].

I'hr. uhlatshwe amera, he has been bitten
by a snake.

amera olwandhle, sea-urchin, echinus.

P. (amera) apuma nobovu! they i the

thorns i came out with the matter beiug
a remark made when anything annoying lias
at last been got rid of, as an unwelcome
visitor when he departs.

isi-Va, n. Boil or purulent swelling in
scrofulous children.

umu-Va, //. .j. The back or hinder part,
as of one's body, a but, anything
generally; 'one's own' left behind i.e.
.«ne's home or family which one can
always fall back upon for support; after-

43

VA

support, rear-guard, reserve force, rein-
forcements, of an army; used adverb-
ially or as preposition in loc. form
emuva or contr. emva, meaning 'behind,
at the back of (with kwa of thing);
at the back, in the hinder part or place;
at home, there where one has come from ;
back, backwards; later, after in time';
ka-muva, afterwards; ngemuva, towards
or about behind, backwards, further be-
hind [Sak. andemba, the back; ambuha,
behind; Sw. Ga. etc., nyuma, behind].

Ex. kasena'muva, he no longer has- a
home i>r relations to fall back upon.

sewashiya umuva, you have now left
behind your home or relations -- as might
be said of a girl marrying or a son aban-
doning his parents.

kwasekubonalcala umuva wabo, then their
rear-part, rear-guard, or reinforcements, ap-
peared.

emuva? how did yon
i. c. at home, or where

he arrived later, after

l'lir.
wards and forwards
a discussion when the

ukushiye hunjani

leave tilings behind,
yon come from?

yena wafika'muva,
( in time ).

usele emuva, he has remained behind
l whether at home, or along the road ).
loko kuka'muva, that was afterwards.
ufika njalo c in nee ni kivesikole, he arrives
always at the back of, in the time after,
the school [i.e. when it is over).
uku-buyeV emuva, to go back, return.

siya emuva, siyepambili, we go back-
as might be said of
talk wanders every-
where about, except directly to the point.
utnu-Va (last vowel of prefix is long), n. 5.
The" inferior child, the weakling (mostly
in an intellectual sense), the one left be-
hind by the other children of a family.
uku-Va, n. Amiability, kindly nature — the
nounal form of the verb va, in any of
its senses (seldom used).

Vaba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Place or leave
things (ace), or do generally, in an
untidy, neglectful, disorderly manner, as
a naturally untidy person = vabazela,
vatazela. See i(li)-Vabavaba.

Ex. wnke ixinto titiwe vaba, libelcwe
rah'/, everything is just thrown down,
carelessly left i without washing, putting
away, etc. I.

i(li)-Vaba, n. = i(li)-Varnh<i.

i-mVaba, a. Anything left neglected, nn-
eai-e'd for, as a pol i even though in
good state) left by somebody who has
gone away. Up. i(li)-Ginqi.

i(li)-Vabavaba, n. = i(li)-Vamba.

Vabazela,?'. Go out empty-handed, in an

674 VA

indolent-looking way, with the arms
swinging idly about, as a man, who is
always expected to carry a stick when
walking out (= ba?igcuzela, App. ); act
generally in an indolently neglectful, un-
tidily indifferent manner = ukuti vaba,
vatazela, zatazela. See i(li)-Vamba. Cp.
yabazela.

Vacu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take or scoop out
largely or deeply, as sugar or grain
(ace.) when thrusting the hands or scoop
far down into the sack; bring out lies
(ace.) or deceptive talk in 'bucketsful'
= ukuti mvi, ukuti vambu.

Vacula, v. = ukuti vacu, vambula.

Ex. intombi ka'Bani izivaeulile, So-and-
so's daughter has taken them (the lobola
cattle) out largely, i.e. has brought in to
her home a large number at once.

i(li)-Vaka (s.k.),n. Coward (= i(li)-Gwa-
la); (C.N.) = i(li)-Vamba.

Vakasha (s. k.), v. Go the rounds, walk
about here and there at night, as does
a watchman or guard ( such as was al-
ways on duty at night in the royal
kraals) ; hence, walk about (without an}r
particular object), take a walk, as Euro-
peans are accustomed ( this use is re-
cent, as the habit is unknown with the
Zulus) [Her. takama, be on one's guard;
Sw. tazamia, watch].

um or i(h)-Vakashi (s.k.),n.l. Night-walker
or watchman, as was appointed in the
royal kraals to guard against intruders
(gen. bent on immoral purposes) =
u- Gqayinyanga.

Vaka vaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Be dot-
ted or spotted about, as spots ( perhaps
a large as a crown-piece, therefore larger

than kifi kifi and
gqaba) on a skin
phor.) kraals when

dot about a

smaller than gqaba

or ch'ess, or ( meta-

thickly dotting a

thing

(ace), as

landscape ;

above.
ama-Vakavaka (s. k.; no sing.,), n. Spots,

as above. Cp. at/ia-Kifikifi; ama-Gqa-

bagqaba.

Vakaza (s. k.), v. = ukuti vaka vaka.

i-mVakazi (s. k.), n. Fringe-veil (originally
made of ub-Eudhle, now of bead-strings
or Berlin wool ), worn over the face by
a bride during the wedding-dance; also
— u(lu)-Hayi.

Vala, v. Close, shut, or stop up, a passage
or entrance of any kind, as of a hut,
kraal, box or bottle (ace); shut up i.e.
keep back, suppress, as a man his
utshwala (ace.) from visitors, the heavens
rain during a drought, or a doctor the
lightning after it has struck a kraal.

VA

675

VA

Cp. vula [Ar. "afal, shut; Pers. dar,
gate; Bo. vugala, shut; MZT. Jala;
Her. pata].

Ex. mla emnyango, shut the door (//7. close
up at the entrance ).

Phr. akuvalwa nje, ingoxi, it doesn't want
merely closing, it's really daugerous there
had better In- a slop put to this or it will
cause trouble, as might be said of a per-
verse person who requires strongly check-
ing (O.N.).
Valeka (s.k.),v. Be 'shuttable', capable
of being closed; get shut or stopped up.

Valela, v. Shut up a thing (ace.) inside of
something else (with loc.), as a man in
a room, an article in a box, or wine in
a bottle; shut up a thing (ace.) from or
against a person (ace.), as beer from
visitors.

Ex. wabavalela ukudhla endhlini, she shut
up the food from them in her hut.

ixulu lisivakle, the heavens [i.e. rain)
has shut us up i. e. lias kept us in.

Phr. sengifuna ukuti 'langa, valela! seku-
ngati ngingafa, I already would like to say,
sun, close me in! (that I may see thee no
more); it is as though I would like to die.

namhla, 'Bani, ngiti, 'langa, valela.' this
day, So-and-so, I say, sun, close in! (i.e.
make an end of it) — as may be used as a
threat of death either to the person spoken
to, or to the speaker himself who in desper-
ation threatens to risk his life over his ad-
versary.

isi-Valela, n. Sort of cage or trap, used
for catching birds, monkeys, bucks, etc.
(C.N.)
Valelisa, v. Take leave, bid farewell to a
person (ace. or with ku, as below); have
the last of a dying person (ace), be his
'farewell' companions before death.

Ex. ngisaya 'kuvalelisa ku'baba, I am just
»ding to say good-bye to my father (as the
person departing would do).

ake ngiye 'kumvdlelisa umntanami, just let
me go to say good-bye to my child I as the
person remaining might say of his daughter
departing).

asiye 'kumvaklisa, let us go and have a
last look at him (i.e. a dying person).

y'iti esamvalelisayo, it is we who were
with him at the end, had the last farewell
with him i i. e. a dead person |.

Valelisana, />. Take leave of one another.

Valelisela, v. Bid goOd-bye for or on be-
half of.

Ex. wongivalelisela leu' Bani, wish farewell
for me to So-and-so.

i(li)-Valeliso, n. Anything given as a fare

well gift, as a beast to one's chief on

removing to other parts.
i-mVali, n. Gate-keeper, door-keeper, whose

business it is to look alter the entrance
of a kraal or hut, as in the high-class
kraals.

isi-Valo, n. Native hut-door; also anything
used for closing, as a lid, or stopper;
medicine used for 'closing the womb'
of a woman, so that she no longer hear.

um-Valo, n. 5. = um-Goqu.

u(lu)-Valo, n. Cartilage at the lower end
of the breast-bone (= u(lu)-Cabanga

which the Natives imagine to be the
seat of palpitation in the chest, having
but a very dim notion of the functions
of the heart); hence, palpitation (when
chronic, as from disease of the heart;
not of the healthy person after exer-
cise); jdarin, fearsome anxiety, nervous
apprehension, fright (= i(li)- Vuso ) ; in-
ternal uneasiness on account of guilt,
remorse of conscience, compunction;
(C.N.) plur. izi-mValo, diaphragm (
izi-nTlontla) [Skr. sphal, tremble; Ar.
khdf, to fear; Swe. fara, danger].

Ex. uku-shaywa (or Icwelwa) uvalo, to he-
come alarmed, filled with fearful apprehen-
sion, remorse, etc.

P. kusind'exakwa' Luvalwana, kufe exakura-
'Sibinjana, there have got safely through
those (cattle) of Mr. Frightened, and those
of Mr. Courageous have died = he gets
saved who has a due amount of fear; or,
discretion is better than valour.

Varna,?'. Have mostly (i.e. in larger de-
gree than something else), abound in
chiefly, as a certain locality having more
goats' (ace.) than cattle, or a certain
store more frequently inferior articles
than good; be mostly, chiefly, in greater
degree, as the goats or inferior goods
(nom.) in the places as above (used in
pert.); have abundantly, abound in, have
in conspicuously large degree, as a cer-
tain district being prolific of fevers, or
having a great number of large kraals,
or Coolies, or as a man having an unu-
sually large head (used in perf.) ; do
anything (with infill.) abundantly, most-
ly, generally, habitually, frequently.

Ex. kakuvamile lo/co, that is not very com-
mon, or frequently done.

avame amahnshi kidelo'xwe, they are
mostly horses in that country.

uvame ikala lo'mluugu, this whiteman has
an over-abundance of nose i.e. has a large

Hose.

uvame wfrdomo lo'mfaxi, this woman has
over-much talk.

43*

/

VA

kuvanywa ukuhanjiva ngaleyo'ndhlela, it i«
most commonly gone by that path.
i-mVama, ». The most, majority.

Ex. imvama yabo, kabay'dxi incwadi, the
most of them cannot read.
i-mVamamazwi, n. One who talks much
or keeps on gabbling.

i(li)-Vamba (Vambha),n. One by nature
indolently careless, slovenly, indifferent
M order or nicety of action, neglectful,
dirty, untidy, etc., as a woman who ha-
bitually leaves her pots about unwash-
ed, or a man who is incapable of keep-
inn himself tidy or his room in order
/(H)- Valid, i(li)-Xikiva, i(ll)-Yatatjata,
isi-Yatanga. See vabazela, xlkiza.

Vambu, ukuti (Vambhu, ukuthi),v. Strike
a person (ace), etc., soundly on the
body with a heavy stick; take or scoop
anything (ace.) out largely or deeply ( —
ukuti vaeu) = vambula, vambuza.

Vambula (Vambhula),v. = ukuti vambu.

Vambuza (Vambhuza), v. = ukuti vambu.

isi-Vambuza (Vambhuza), u. Heavy stick
or staff.

Vamela,?;. Do anything vehemently, as
push, pull, strike, etc. (C. N.)

Vamelela,?'. Do anything very abundantly,
constantly, etc.

isi-Vamelo, n. — (N). izi-Kwepa.

u(lu)-Vamvasholo, n. Any sharp-pointed
thing capable of giving a nasty wound,
as the splinter of a broken stick, long
piece of shattered glass, horns of cattle
when very pointed, a sharp thorn, long-
sharp front teeth, or a person whose
lower limbs are small and tapering.

i-mVana, n. Lamb (dim. of i-mVti).

i-mVandasi (no plur.), n. Quill or quills
of the porcupine— for which the name
is also euphemistically used, the Natives
frequently having a repugnance against
Mini this animal by its proper name
(or i-Ngungumbane) = i-Nungu.

isi-Vande, n. = isi-Fe [Kamb. vanda, to
plant; Her. oma-vanda, fields; Sw. pa-
nda, to plant; Ha. danga, garden].

Vanga, /\ .Mingle or mix together (/runs.)
several things of different kinds, as sev-
eral varieties of heads (ace.), or grain-
-luflV, or cattle along with sheep and
iats vanganisa. <"|>. xuba; i(li)-

Xubevange; hlanganisa [Bo. hangar
nya, mingle together; Sw. changanya],

Vangana, v. .Mingle (intrans.) or get mix-
ed up tog -1 1 1 ' - 1 , as the heads, stock, etc.

above.

676 VA

Vanganisa,?*. Cause or make to get min-
gled together, as above = vanga.

Vangaza, v. Do numerously all over, cover,
as the body (ace.) with incisions, White-
men spreading numerously over the
land (ace), beetles all over kitchen-walls,
etc. Cp. ukuti vaka vaka.

i(li)-Vangazi, n. = i(li)-Jengezi.

um-Vangazi.w. 5. Two different forest trees,
one with yellowish wood (— u(lu)-So-
lo), the other with white.

Vange, aux. verb. (C.N.) = zange.

i(li)-Vange, n. = i(li)-Xubevange.

i(li)-Vanto (s.t.),n. Certain kind of soft
white stone, used for bringing good luck,
etc. (C.N.).

Vanxu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take out any li-
quid, as water (ace), beer, etc., in bulk,
i. e. by dipping in the whole bucket or
beer-pot bodily, not by ladling it in with
some smaller vessel ; pour out largely
lies (ace), deceitful talk, etc. = ukuti
vambu, vanxula, ukuti vatu, ukuti vo-
nxo.

Vanxula,?;. = ukuti vanxu.

u(lu)-Vanzi, n. Things all scattered abroad,
spread disorderly about, as cattle all
about the veldt, or pots, mealie-cobs, gar-
ments, etc., lying all about a room (cp.
i-nTlakantlaka) ; person leading a loose,
undisciplined life, wandering about as
he likes, as an uncontrolled boy or girl
(= i-nKapane).

Vata (Vatha—^ert vatile or vete),v. = bi-
nca [Skr. vas, wear clothes ; Sw. vaa, put
on clothes; Sag. vala; MZT. Ang. zuata;
L. Cong, vuata ; Lu. Jala].

i(li)-Vatavata (Vathavatha), n. Indolently

untidy, dirty, neglectful person (= i(li)-

Vamba ) ; man who habitually goes with

loose hands i. e. without a stick. See

vatazela.

Vatazela (Vathazela), v. = vabazela.

Vate, ukutana (Vathe, ukuthana),v. Be
quite equal, neither surpassing nor con-
ceding a point to the other, used chief-
ly in matters of contest, as two equally
powerful men wrestling, or horses rac-
ing, or two equally headstrong women
engaged in an argument = ukutana
zate\ cp. ukutana xo; o-Zaqa.

u(lu)-Vati (Valid), n. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Zwati.

isi-Vato (Vat ho), u. Euphem. for a tampon
of soft leaves, etc., inserted by women
into the vagina at the menstrual epoch
( isi-Bineo)] certain weed having a
yellow flower; certain veldt-herb having
a white flower.

VA

677

Vatu, ukuti (Vdthu, ukuthi), v. = ukuti

vanxu.
Vatula or Vatuza (Vathula), v. ■ vanxula.

Vava, v. Shatter into splinters or sharp

pieces, as a bone (ace.) or bottle by a
crashing blow, or an opponent's stick
when fighting, or a bull its horn when
in conflict with another.
um or u(lu)-Vava, n. 5. Split, cleft, or part-
ing asunder of a thing (not a mere sur-
face crack, or chink u(lu)-Fa, but pass-
ing right through from side to side), as a
split in an earthen-pot or a wooden board;
such a cracked vessel; cleft, groove, or
long pit left in the flesh of a person,
gen. on the skull, after a deep length-
wise wound has healed (not a circular
hole-like pit = i-nKoxe) — um-Vekeve,
um-Veve; sometimes also = u(lu)-Vavc.

Vavanya.v. (N) = Vivinya.

u(lu)-Vavasholo, n. = u(lu)-Vamvasholo.

u(lu)-Vave (Vaave), n. Splinter i.e. any
long sharp broken piece, as of a shat-
tered stick, bottle, bone, etc.

Vaxu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vanxu.

Vaxula or Vaxuza, v. = vanxula.

Vaze, aux verb. (C.N.) = zange.

u(lu)-Vazi,w. (C.N.) = u(lu)-Vanzi.

Ve, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti veke.

u(lu)-Ve, n. Small bush-bird, South-African
Paradise Fly-catcher {Terpsiphone per-
spicillata), whose long tail-feathers are
much liked as an ornament; one of the
Zulu regiment formed by Cetshwayo next
after the i-nGobamakosi (= u(lu)-La-
ndandhlovu).

P. uvt ludhVisisila salo, the fly-catcher
eats off its own tail (as the bird is said to do
when closely pressed by hunting-hoys)— as
may he said of a person whose had conduct
reacts harmfully on himself*, as a father ill-
treating his own children, etc.

Vece, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fece.

Veceza, v. — feceza.

isi-Veka (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = isi-Fcbe.

Veke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Talk away
uninterruptedly in a loud, noisy manner,
'jaw' away, as a woman scolding = ve-
keza, ukuti vete. Cp. kweteza.

u(lu)-Veke (s.k.),n. = u(lu)- Vekeveke.

um-Vekeve (s.k.),n.5. = um-Vava.

Veke veke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
veke.

u(lu)-Vekeveke (s. k.),n. Person given to
much, incessant scolding or loud noisy
talking. See ukuti veke.

VE

Vekeza (a. k.), o. = ukuti veke, veieza ;

(C.N.) vevezela.
Veku, ukuti (ukuthi; 8. k.), v. Stand pointing

upwards (gen. of piercing or cutting

things), as thorns lying on the ground

with the points erect, sharp stumps of

shrubby vegetation <>r coarse grass alter
the tops have been cul off and which
pierce the foot when trodden upon,
glass-chips or broken bottles lying with
the sharp edges upwards on a road or
prison wall, hairs of a frightened cat,
etc.; make stand pointed upwards, as
the thorns (ace), glass bottles, etc.,
above, or the penis vekuza, ukuti
vcmvcucnc. Cp. ukuti peku.
i(li)-Veku (s.k.), n. Pit for trapping game,
at the bottom of which pointed stakes
were fixed erect, upon which the animal
fell and was impaled; hence, any danger-
ous veldt-pit, or mealie-hole in old kraal
sites, into which one might fall as into
a trap.
u(lu)-Veku (s.k.), n. Thing standing point-
ed upwards and (most commonly) such
as would pierce or cut anything falling
upon it, as the stakes fixed erect at the
bottom of a game-trap, glass on the top
of a prison wall, stumpy ends of recently
cut shrubby vegetation, sharp splinters
of bones on a path, hair of a frightened
cat, etc. (=4-mVemvenene); raging lust
in a man (from the organ).

Phr. uhamba evimvekwini, he is going in
a dangerous place, where he may get injured
— as a man travelling among hostile people.
besiti iyakuba vaimveku (inkunxi), we
thought it was going to be 'pointings up-
wards' or vehement business (on the part
of the bull).
i-mVekula (s. k.), n. Person with prominenl
front teeth pointing forwards; tooth or
teeth themselves. Cp. i-nGovolo.
Veku veku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v.-- vekuza.
Vekuza (s.k.), v. Make stand pointing up-
wards, as above (see ukuti veku); point
(the penis) upwards repeatedly in vehe-
ment copulation (obscene— cp. jeka,
tikitela, fenda). Cp. pekuza.
Vela, v. Come forth out of or from, as a
man travelling out from a certain town
or a woman coming from her field ( with
loc. or ku); come forth into sight, ap-
pear, as out of a hole or bush, or over
a hill-top; come forward or forth, come
out to the fore, as a soldier stepping
forth from among his troop or a cer-
tain individual among a crowd; come
out prominently i. e. come to the fore,
become prominent or distinguished, as

VE

678

VE

a rising induna with his chief; come to

pass, occur, happen, as any event; also
used as an aux. verb signifying 'from
the beginning, always, from beforehand,
already', as below [see va — Ar. gara,
happen; Her. ngara, seem].

Ex. uBani uvele enkosini, So-aod-su is
becoming prominent, rising in importance,
with the chief.

uvela-pi? where do you come from.

bengivela for bcngivele) eTekwini, I was
coming from (or had come from i Durban.

baeela hahabako, there were none ( may-be
no boys) from the begiuning, there were
never any.

ngacela ngasho, I always said so, I had
said so already before.

ngangivele nyayibona ebusuku, I had
already seen it beforehand in the night, i.e.
I had already dreamed it, saw it coming,
knew it would happen.

uku-vela ngomnyango, to appear at the
door (whether from within or without].

uku-vela ngekanda (ngonyawo, nr/ekala,
etc.), to just show one's head i foot, uose,
etc. i, as above water or over a hedge.

i(li)-Vela-kancane (s. k.), n. Thing which one
conies across only rarely, rarity (gen.
used of things of a good or desirable
nature), as meat (in the order of food),
"i- an article of some peculiar pattern
= i(li)- Velakanci.

i(li)-Velakanci (s.k.; accent on penultimate,),
//. = i(li)-Velakancane.

u-Vele, n. One already prominent or come
ispicuously forward officially, at court,
or among his own class. See vela.

i-mVeleio, //. Forehead = i(li)-Bunzi.

u-Ve!etshete (Veletshethe), n. Certain kind
<•!' running grass growing thickly in
damp places = u-Mevetshete.

Veleza, v. Talk in a free, bold, unreserved
manner with everybody (gen. in a bad
sense), as a person who sits down and
sips secret or undesirable affairs
with any stranger he may meet along
the road, or a 'fast' girl who talks
boldly with any young-man she may
meet. Sec i (I i)- Veleza.

i(li)-Veleza, n. Person habitually doing as
above.

i(li)-Velisa, n. Any kind of young buck,
jusl showing the horns.

i-mVelo, n. Habit or natural custom, of
any tribe or individual; nature or na-
tural state, of a thing = isi-Milo.

Ex. imvelo yakt njalo, it;- his nature, you
know.

u(lu) Vomvane. a. Butterfly; moth, of the

larger kinds only (= isi-Papa >,; cp. i(U)-
Bu)\ certain shrubby weed (Sida rhom-
bifolia), growing in old fields, etc.,
and whose fibre is used for the urn-
Qamjala.

um-Vemve, n. 5. African Pied Wagtail
(Motacilla vidua), Cape Wagtail (M.
i-apensis), and the Long-tailed Wagtail
(M. Ion <j i cauda); young feeble calf,
a few days old.

Vemvenene, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti veku.

i-mVemvenene, n. = u(lu)-Veku.

Vendhle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti viti.

u-Vendhle, n. Kind of large sorrel ( Ru-
mex sp.), the roots of which are used
by young-men as a charm for bring-
ing a girl to consent.

i-mVendhlemvendhle, n. == i-)tiVitimoiti.

Vendhleza, v. = = vitiza.

Vendhiezeka (s.k.), v. = vitizeka.

Venge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti habu.

i(li)-Venge, n. Large strip or lump of
cooked meat, to be cut up into ania-
Qata for distribution; also = i(li)-Ge-
7n fe.

Vengeza, v. = habuza.

isi-Vengeza or Vengezi, n. ■= isi-Habuza.

Vequ, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti peku.

Vequza, v. = pekuza.

Veshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti feshe.

i-mVeshe, n. = i-mFeshe.

um-Veshe or Vesho.M. 5. Big, fat, old
bullock (of cattle, pigs, etc.) = u-Shebe.

i-mVemshemveshe, n. = i-mFeshemfeshe.

Vete ukuti (Vethe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
veke.

u-Vete (s.t.),n. Tree-frog (Hula sp.), of
which there are three varieties, one of a
whitish colour with two green stripes
along the back and a loud croak, another
very white and stripeless, and a third
of a reddish colour with white stripes,
—all climb and sleep clinging to long-
grass, mealies, etc.

Veteza or Veteveteza (Vetheza), v. = vekeza.

Vetu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Throw up

and down the buttocks in acta copt/la-
tionis (- ukuti veku, feshe), or as a
horse kicking out by both hind legs.

i-mVetu (x.t.),n. A throwing out of the
hind-quarters, or hind legs as above =
isi- Vetula.

Vetu la (s. L), n. = ukuti vetu.
isi -Vetu la (s.t.),n.= i-mVetu; also, a girl
who indulges in immoral intercourse

VE

679

VI

with males; one given t<> pettishly throw-
ing up the upper-lip.

Veva, v. = vevezela.
f Vevezela, v. Quiver, as a long reed under
L^ slight movement, or the voice of a per-
son when affected by strong emotion of
\ any kind = biba.

um-Veve (Veeve), n. 5. = um-Vava; also
very big-bodied beast (with kazi end-
ing for cow = um-Vesho)', beast with
very long horns (though body be
small).

u(lu)-Veve, n. Horn with a hole bored at
the pointed end and blown as a trum-
pet Cp. i(li)'Gilongo.

Veza, v. caus. form of vela. Cause to
come forth into sight, in any sense;
hence, bring forth or forward into view,
produce, show, exhibit, as one might an
article (ace.) hidden in a cupboard, a
shilling from one's pocket, or one's
valuables for inspection; disclose openly,
expose, divulge, as an unknown culprit
(ace), a secret affair, or the pudenda
purposely to another (often in reflect,
form); pass tapeworms (ace. or alone).

Ex. inkonyane iyavexa, the calf is just
showing its fore-feet (as from the vagina of
its mother just previous to birth), or is
just showing the horns (when a few months
old).

baxe bamvexa, they at last produced or
ex nosed him (as somebody they had been
concealing).

wati anyixirexe, he asked me to expose
myself {i.e. the pudenda).

uBanri uyavexa, So-and-so 16 passing, or
lias, tapeworms.

isi-Veza,w. Man with the glans penis
naturally protruding beyond the pre-
puce (used often as word of abuse).
See soka.

i(li)-Vezandhlebe, n. = i(li)-Zanenkande.

i(li)-Vezimanzi, n. = i(li)-Vuzimanzi.

VT, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rise up vertically
all at once, suddenly, quickly, all toge-
ther, as a company of men springing
to their feet together, a boy 'springing'
up rapidly in growth, or a flock of
birds flying up together into the air.
Cp. ukuti vu.

Vi, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation of
vowel,), v. Give a shrill whistle, as a
boy, between the fingers, when calling
after his dog ; sound shrilly, as such a
whistle itself = ukuti viyo. See um-

—L&zi; i(li)-Kwelo.

i(li)-Vi, n. Knee-pan, patella [Ga. vivi, knee-
pan].

isT-Vi (isii-Vi), n. An amiable, naturally

kind-hearted person. See r,i.

umu-Vi, n. 5. Hornet or wasp, of any of
the numerous varieties; ichneumon fly.
Cp. isi-Qanda [I>o. ma-vu, hornet].

P. uyadela umuvi, voona waxibopa nye-
xama, wabonakala, he is happy, is the hor-
net, who bound himself with an i-xama bell
before all the world (this belt being worn
chiefly by a woman after parturition, who
'has got the child she wished for') = happy
is he who gets to obtain what he longs for
— as might be said by a young-man solilo-
quising over his chances of winning the girl
he loves.

X.B. An abundance of ichneumon-flies
denotes a plentiful harvest, perhaps from the
good they do by killing so many cater-
pillars and other pests in the fields.

u(lu)-Vi, n. Grey or white hair, as of a
man's head — u(lu)-Vu [Ga. mvwi, grey
hairs; Sw. mvi; Reg. imvwi; Bo. /'/].

i - m V i b i I i , n. Any worthless, good-for-
nothing thing or person, as useless corn,
an old pot, etc.

izi-Vicoco (no sing.), n. = izi-Cagogwana.

Vika (s.k.),v. Ward off any danger or
trouble, as a fencer warding off the stick
(ace.) or blows of his adversary (=
zola), or a man dodging from a missile
thrown or wild-beast charging down .
upon him, or an advocate interceding V
for a client (ace. with ela form) [Sw. *
king a, ward off].

Viki, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. — ukuti viti.

i-mViki (s. k.), n. One who is expert at
warding off, as a good fencer. See vika.

i-mVi'kimviki (s.k.),n. = i-mVitimviti.

Vikishi, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Fall or sit
down all at once, bodily, as a tired per-
son throwing himself quickly down =
ukuti vikiti.

Vikiti, ukuti (Vikitlii, ukuthi), v. — ukuti

vikishi.
Vikiza (s. k.), v. = vitiza.
Vikizeka (s.k.),v. = vitizeka.
um-Viko (s.k.),n.o. (C.N.) = i(li)-Goda.
i(li)-Vila, n. Lazy person [Sw. vivu, lazy].
ubu-Vila, n. Laziness [Sw.ii-vivu, laziness].

Vilapa (Vilapha), v. Idle, be idle, do
nothing from laziness or indolence; do
anything in a lazy, sluggish manner. Cp.
enqena.

Ex. baloku bevilapa nje emizini, they just

keep idling about in the kraals.

Vilapisa (Vilaphisa), v. Make a person,
(ace.) idle; induce to laziness, as the fact

VI

680

y\

X

of a child having everything done for
him.

i(h) Vilefuti (Vilehdhi), )/. Name of a climb-
ing plant (C.N.).

i-niVili (no />///>:), n. Small particles drop-
ping off, or blown off by the wind, from
anything being worked, as filings from
iron in turning, saw-dusl from wo >d in
boring, or particles from grass in thatch-
ing.

um-Vili, >/. 5. Vangueria infausta (N.).

u(lu)-Vili, a. Gravy poured off from boiled
collops (or ttbu-Bende), minced tripe,

., an<l drank alone, or allowed to
congeal into a jelly = i-nTiki. Cp.
n(l n)- Vi">.
isi-Viliba, n. Short, stout um-Zaea q.v.;
short and fat person; ear-ornament, re-
sembling a button, formerly made of
baked and polished clay, now of hone,
fine wood, etc.

Vimba (Vimbha), v. Stop up, close, hlock,
plug, bar up, any orifice or passage,
as a gateway (ace), path, one's ears, a
bottle, etc. = cinq. See vimbela [Sw.
fumba, stop the eye, mouth, etc.; ziba,
fill up; vimba, swell; Ga. ziba, stop the
eye, etc.; Bo. fingiza, stop, hinder].

Ex. vimba bo! stop or block the way i as
ol a thief running away).

IMir. uku-vimba umfaxi for iaela, or ixulu),
to stop up a woman i that she may not bear),
or a thief l that he overcome his stealing
propensity i. or the heavens (that they give
forth no rain i.

u or i-mVimba (Vimbha), n. Rectum of
an ox (slaughtered) which, stuffed with
lumps of fat, is fastened up at each end
like a large sausage, boiled and eaten.
Cp. um-Tshazo.

ubu-Vimba (Vimbha), n. Certain small
shrub ( Withania somnifera), bearing
red berries, and used as under = u-
Vimbbkulu.

N.B. When a cow has lost her calf, in
order to secure her milk, the hack of a
strange calf is smeared with the root of the,
above plant, mixed together with crab-flesh
[i-mVumana) or may-be with hippo, fat,
and then led to her. The saltiness, or some
other quality of the mixture, induces her to
liek the calf and allow it to suck, thus draw-
ing the milk. Further, the pounded leaves
of the plant are rolled into a ball and slipped
into the vagina of the cow. followed up by
a vigorous blow with the mouth into
the cavity, in order to drive the pellet well
home, and the words mvume, nangu um-
niwana wako! (accept him, hen; is your
child, -The plant is further used as me-

dicine for sores, colds, and chest-complaint

Vimbana (Vimbhana), v. Close together
(intrans.) so as to stop or block up,
as the nostrils (nom.) with catarrh, a
water-pipe, ulcer or wound when healing,
spring that has ceased giving water, or
a woman no longer bearing children;
hence, be or get closed, stoppered, bung-
ed, or blocked up, as nostrils, etc., above
( used in perf. ) ; be over-close together,
confined for room, as mealies in a field
or sleepers in a hut = driana.

Ex. ngivimbene amakala, I am closed up
as to the nostrils i. c. my nose is stopped
( with catarrh ).

VVmtae, ukuti (V'imbhc, ukuthi), v. Stopper
up or close in affectually, as a deafening
noise, or an outbreak of sickness that
shuts in the whole kraal (ace).

i-mVimbe (Vimbhe), n. = i-m Vimba.

Vimbela (Vimbhela), v. Close or block up
the passage for i. e. stop, prevent, hinder,
obstruct, keep back, as a man (ace.)
entering or leaving a hut, cattle from
going into a field, an army in its course,
or rainy-weather a person from travell-
ing = nina. Cp. vimba ; jiyela.

i(li)-Vimbela (Vimbhela), n. Charm or
medicine of any kind used for the pur-
pose of 'stopping up' or preventing, as
an inveterate thief from stealing, the
physic of a doctor from having its good
effect, a woman from bearing, etc.;

/'(C.N.) fabulous huge water-snake (cp.
* um-Ningi ).

Vimbezela (Vimbhezela), v. Close in, shut
in, bar up (so as to be unable to come
out), as an army investing a town (ace.)
or shutting up the people (ace.) therein,
or when retaining a person prisoner in
a hut, or a young-man his sweetheart,
as below. Cp. vimbela.

N.B. A girl having consented to become
the sweetheart of any young-man. the latter,
at any time during the period of courtship,
may send word to her covertly, asking her
to pay him a secret visit in his kraal, where
she will, according to custom, pass two days
and nights, closely kept out of sight of
the young-man's hut, having
the time sexual intercourse with
him, and leaving again in the third day.
Of this Zulu practice it is said, Namhla
Ic'oBani kuvinjexelwe intombi ka'&ibanibani
(to-day at So-and-so's kraal the daughter of
So-and-so is on a vimbezela visit). -The
action, when occurring between two duly be-
trothed parties, is connived at See quda.

um-Vimbezelo (Vimbhezelo), n. 5. A shut-
ting-in, investing, blockading, as above
(with ukw-enza).

and nights,
strangers, in

throughout tl
u:.„ l l„..,

VI

um-Vimbi (Vimbhi), n. 5. Continuous hea-
vy ruin persisting throughout the day,
or perhaps two or three days, 'keeping
everybody in'; continuous outpour of
talk so that one can't get in a word
(= um-Vumbi); also = um-Vimbo.

isi-Vimbo (Vimbho), n. Stopper, of any
kind, for a bottle, calabash, beer-barrel,
etc.

um-Vimbo (Vimbho), n. 5. Long mark,
stripe, or weal, left on the body of a
man or beast after a heavy blow with
some long-lying instrument, as a sham-
bok or stick = um-Vimbi.

ubu-Vimbo (Vimbho), n. = ubu-Vimba.

u-Vimbokulu (Vi/nbhokhulu), n. — ubu-Vi-
mba.

Vinga, v. Break up, chop up, cut up into
small particles, as when breaking a plate
(ace.) to atoms, mincing meat, etc. =
ukuti vinyl, vingiza.

i-mVingci, n. Certain food prepared by
Natal Natives from ground mealies
cooked and then fermented with malted
Kafir-corn (C.N.).

Vingi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Break or chop up
into bits or small particles, as above =
vingiza; be or get so broken up — vi-
ngizeka. Cp. ukuti viti.

i-mVTngimvingi, n. Thing all broken or
chopped up into bits or particles, as
above. Cp. i-mVitimviti.

Vingiza, n. = vitiza.

i-mVingo, n. (C.N.) certain stringed mu-
sical-gourd = i-nKoka.

Vingoqa, v. — vingqoza.

u-Vingoqo, u. A crawling along with an
undulating movement, like a caterpillar
(with ukw-enza). See vingqoza.

um-Vingqa or Vingqi, u. 5. Thick fold of
fatty flesh as under the chin, or about
the waist of very stout
wrinkling the body. Cp.

Vingqo, ukuti (ukuti hi), v. =

Vingqoza, v. Crawl along
lating movement of the
erpillar when walking =
vingqo. Cp. fingqana.

i(li)-Vinkili (s.k.),n. Country-store (in the
towns generally called isi-Tolo) [D. win-
kel, shop].

u(lu)-Vini, n. Two or three different Kafir
'dishes' e. g. colloped tripe mixed with
coagulated blood dried and ground, or
chopped fat mixed with dried blood, or
chopped fat boiled alone and eaten after
the liquid fat has been removed. Cp.
u(Iit)-Vili.

681 VI

isi-Vinini, n. A going with impetus or
great swiftness, a whizzing along, as of
people or horses swiftly running, or a

persons when
i(li)-Nyonti.

- vingqoza.

with an undu-

body, as a cat-

vingoqa, ukuti

lying is i
- ukuti

Vu.

vingqo.

In. 'ivy-knobbed stirk
V'inqo, ukuti (ukuthi), »,
Vinqoza.v. = vingqoza.
Vinyelela, v. = viya.
Visa ( Evisa,1, v. cans, form of Va. Give

01' be over and above an ishumi or ten.

Ex. w'ecisa wjc&inkomo eximbili, he gave
two beasts outside the ten (when paying
lobota for his girl |.

Visha, v. Fill out, as hair (ace.) by pick-
ing out the hairs so that they stand
out in a loose swollen mass as though
combed up, as one might do with the
i-nTloko of a woman or a man's hair
beneath the isi-Coco, or as when filling
out the empty spaces between the stakes
of a cattle-fold by inserting leafy
branches (see isi-Twetwe); (C.N.) also
= vitiza.

um-Visholo, n. 5. Woman's head-dress in
which the reddened strings of hair sit
like a flattened mop or thick cap upon
the head (N.).

Vita (Vitha), v. Deal a person, beast or
thing (ace.) a violent 'smashing' blow,
as with all one's might == ukuti viti,
vobela, zambula, zipula.

urn or u(lu)-Vitane (Vithahe), n. 5. —
u-IIlule.

isi-Vitanekazi (Vithanekazi), n. fern, of isi-
Vitela.

isi-Vitela (Vithela),n. Man or boy with a
plump well-filled-out body, neither fat
nor thin.

Viti, ukuti (Vithi, ukuthi), v. Make fall to
pieces or ruins in any way ; hence, shat-
ter to pieces, smash to atoms, pull to
bits, wreck, reduce to ruins, as any
brittle article (ace), like a stick, wooden
box, wagon by tumbling it over a pre-
cipice, house by an earthquake, earthen
pot by a blow, or grass- mat by rough
treatment = vitiza; get so shattered,
smashed, pulled or knocked to pieces,
as above; fall to pieces, as one's body
with exhaustion = vitizeka ;
pletive expressing ' to do
thoroughly, entirely.' Cp.
vingi, vendhle, venge.

Ex. uBani ulele ute viti, So-and-so is in
a profound sleep ; or, So-jmd so (in regard to
his physical appearauee) is a thoroughly in-
sipid kind of person, one can neither
him for his good looks nor dislike him
ugliness i = u-Hluh i.

ummbilu sowu/ca/ilele viti, the mealies
now entirely in flower.

/

also, as ex-
completely,
ukuti viici,

like
for

are

VI

682
done

amabele sesiwate viti, we have now
completely with the amabele i.e. the work
connected with it.

umximba sowute viti, my body is just
falling in a heap, with fatigue, exhaustion,
etc.

i(li)-Viti (Vithi), n. Snuff-holder or wrap,
made from the paunch of an ox or the
hull) of the i-nCoto plant, and used by
old women = i-nJadu.

i-mViti (Vithi), n. = i-mVitimviti.

um-Viti (Vithi), n. 5. = um-Tshiki; also
(C.X.) large shady tree.

i-mVttimviti (VZthimvithi),n. Heap of ruins,
a wreck, collected fragments of some-
thing smashed, knocked or pulled to
pieces = i-mVendhlemvendhle, i-mVe-
ngemvenge, i-mVikimviki, i-mVingi-
mvingi, i-m Vitizeko.

Ex. umximba wami kivaba imvitimviti,
ray body was just a falling heap of bones —
from utter exhaustion, etc.

Vitiza (Vithiza), v. = ukuti viti, vendhle-
:n. vengeza, etc.

Vitizeka (Vithizeka), v. = ukuti viti, ve-
ndhlezeka, vengezeka, etc.

i-mVitizeko (Vithizeko), n. = i-m Viti mviti.

Viva, v. Group together (intrans.), collect
or go closely together in a company,
as people forming together into a party,
or marching in a small troop, or cattle
gathering round something in the veldt;
(C.N.) also = vita.

Ex. uku-viva iviyo, to form a group.

bahamba bevwile, they march in a body.

isi-Vivane, n. Lucky-heap, as below.

N. B. A superstitious Native wishing to
bring down upon himself good success for
his journey, may, at any point thereon, pull
up a few blades of grass, lay it down along-
side the road, and then place upon it, to
hold it fast, a small stone upon which he
has previously spat 'for luck'. Subsequent
passers-by, knowing this to have been done
by some previous traveller along that path
in order to ensure good-fortune ahead, will
naturally feel impelled to do likewise, by an
innate superstitious dread of becoming un-
lucky if they neglect to do so; until at
length a great heap of small stones arises
on the spot. A few such heaps are still to
be found scattered about in Zululand and
Natal. A similar custom exists in New-Zea-
land, Borneo, Central Asia, North America,
Polynesia, and throughout South Africa.

isi-Vivi, //. Any lukewarm thing, as water
or food (liquid or solid) when becom-
ing cold.

u(lu)-Vivi, n. Twilight or faint light of very

VO

early morning when the darkness of
night in just commencing to decrease
and one can see objects indistinctly =
u(lu)-Kwikwi. Cp. uku-Sa; ukuti ktvi;
utwela [Her. omu-hi, twilight].

Vivinya, v. Try, test, make a trial of, as
one might with his stick ( ace.) to dis-
cover its strength, an axe by chopping
a tree to discover its sharpness, a per-
son as to his knowledge or intent, or
as a headman would test a law-case be-
fore taking it on to the chief. Cp. hlo-
la; linga.

VTya (Viiya), v. Do with great muscular
effort, strain, do with all one's might,
as when dragging a very heavy thing
(ace), pulling at anything powerfully,
binding tightly, pressing down very
forcibly, holding very firmly, etc. =
vinyelela. Cp. ntsala, qantsa.

Viyo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Limp along, as a
lame person when walking — viyoza.

Viyo, ukuti (ukuthi — last syll. prolonged), v.
Give a shrill whistle (with i(li)-Kwelo)
= viyoza, ukuti vi.

i(li)-Viyo, n. Group, cluster, as of men (say
15 or 20) moving or standing in a body,
cattle, stars, etc. (cp. i(li)-Hlolohvane;
i(H)-Qoqo; um-Qukutu; i(li)-Qulo\ i(li)-
Hlukuzo); edible fruit of the um-Viyo
tree (= i(li)-Tulwa, N.). See viva [Her.
e-vio, gathering of people].

um-Viyo, n. 5. Kind of wild medlar tree,

bearing a brown edible fruit (see i(li)-

Viyo ).
Viyoza, v. = ukuti viyo.
Vo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti va.
Vo, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation of

the vowel ), v. — vononeka.
umu-Vo, n. 5. That which is over and

above any completed i(li)-Shumi or ten.

See va.

Ex. umuvo iccxinkomo %akiti u'sihlanu,

the number of our cattle beyond ten is five

*'. e. an i-shumi and five more.

zina'muvo'muti (or 'mti) , they (the cattle)

have an extra number (beyond the ten) of

so many (shown on the fingers).

zina'mHro'ntlami, they are five beyond

ten i. e. fifteen.

76 be, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = vobela.

Vobela, v. Deal a person (ace.) or animal
a heavy violent blow = vita; ukuti vobe.

Voko, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = vokoza.

i-mVoko (s. k. — no plur.>, n. Person or
persons who are not their own masters,
fuyiwe or owned, as it were, by another,
i.e. human property (as distinguished
from stock, etc.), as might be applied to

vo

the slaves of ;i man, or children belong-
ing to a boarding -school; hence, child
or children (collect.) born of the Zulu
king (ami distinguished by this name
from the um-Ndhlunkulu — see isi-Go-
dhlo); that part of the royal kraal occu-
pied by such children; member of a
Zulu regiment(= um-Kulutshane ) form-
ed by Dingane next after the u(lu)-
Dhlambedhlu = i-mVokwe.
Vokomala (s.k.), >'. Swell out, become puff-
ed out, as a handful of dry hops when
freed from the hold, or a sponge, or a
feather pillow when shaken, or a person
with self-conceit. Cp. fukuza.

Ex. uku-vokomalisa ixwi, to make swell
the voice, as a person suddenly assuming ;i
grave tone, or talking in an imposing man-

ner as though he were 'somebody'.
i-mVokoqo (s. k.), n. Spoon with a deep
(not the usual shallow ) ladle. Cp. u(lu)-
Kezo.

u-Vokotane (s.k.; s.t.),n. (C.N.) = u-Vo-
kwana.

i(li)-Vokoviyana (s.k.), 71. Utterly helpless
individual, without spirit, intelligence,
or capability of doing anything or of
being of any usefulness.

Vokoza (s. k.), v. = qobodisa.

u-Vokwana (s. k.), n. = isi-Lebe.

i-mVokwe (s.k.),n. = i-mVoko.

i(li) or sometimes ama-Volovolo, n. Fat of
meat, of a very soft, juicy nature (=
ama-Livilivi) ; also = i(li)-Folofolo.

Volozela, v. = folozela.

Vondhla, v. = vorroza.

Vondhlo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vorro.

Vondhloza, v. = vorroza.

Vondo or Vondo vondo, ukuti (ukuthi), v.
== vondoza, ukuti votsho.

i-mVondomvondo, n. Anything of a limp,
flabby, flaccid nature, loosely hanging
about, as a wet hide or dress, a long
slice of meat, dead snake, or the languid
weak-limbed body of a lanky man —
i-m Votshomvotsho.

Vondoza, v. Fall about in a heavily loose
manner, as any limp, flabby thing;
hence, be limp, flaccid, flabby of nature,
falling about with a dead looseness, as
a wet hide or dress, a dead snake, or
long slice of meat, or the long languid
body of a lanky man; do anything
'limply, flabbily', as when wearing,
handling, eating, etc., anything (ace.) of

-this nature = votshoza, ukuti vondo.

isidwaba,

lankv man

lazy-looking

Von doze I a, v.
ber' way,

Go along

as a

in
wo nan

a 'flabby
wearing .•

hm-
wet

683 VO

or a languid
= votshozela.
i(li)-Vondwe, u. Cane ral (Aulacodus sioin-

derianus), eaten by Natives.
Vongo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. - ukuti habu.
i-mVongololo, u. Tall, lank, feeble person

(C.N.).
Vongota (Vongotha), v. = vongoteka.

Vongoteka ( Vongotheka), v. Fill out (in-
trans.), become full, put on body, as an
infant growing, a sick person recovering
from sickness, or a young pumpkin fill-
ing out in bulk = ukuti vongoto, ukuti
vukutu.

um-Vongoti (Vongothi), n. 5. Single fruit
of the um-Gxamu tree.

Vongoto, ukuti (Vougotho, ukuthi), v.
vongoteka.

isi-Vongoto (Vongotho), n. Thing filling

. out, or filled out, putting on plumpness,
as an infant at about three or four
months after birth, a person recovering
from sickness, a full plump face, or a
young pumpkin beginning to get bulky
= isi-Vukutu. See vongoteka.

um-Vongoto (Vongotho), n. 5. Large full
breast (of females), but less in size than
the u(lu)-Belendhlovu.

Vongoza, v. = habuza.

isi-Vongoza or Vongozi, n. = isi-IIabxiza.

u-Vongwe, n. Large-bodied thing of its
kind, as a large variety of bee (= u-No-
dongo), a very big man or woman, etc.
(C.N.).

Vononeka (s.k.), v. Exude, sweat out, or
ooze out gently but abundantly (without
any perceptible motion or agitation ), as
water through the sides of a porous
water-bottle, through a hole dug in the
sand by a river, thi'ough a small crack
in a vessel, or the sap from a tree where
it has been cut = ukuti vo, vonono.
Cp. cinineka; eica.

Vonono, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = vononeka.

Vononoka (s. k.), v. = vononeka.

Vonqobala, v. = gonqobala.

Vonxa, v. = ukuti vanvu.

Ex. inkomo iyavonxwa nje, the cow is
taken from in bucketsful, i. e. is a heavy
milker.

Vonxo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vanxu.

Vonxoza, v. — vanxula.

Vorro, ukuti (ukuthi), /'. Break anything
with a crashing sound, as an animal the
dry bush (an\) or mealie-stubblo when
'crashing' through it = vorroza; break
{intra n*.) or get broken, as above =
vorrozeka, vorroka.

VO 684

Vorroka (s. k.), v. = ukuti vorro.

Vorroza, v. = ukuti vorro, vondhla, vo-
ndhloza.

Vosho, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vondo.

i-mVoshomvosho, n. = i-mVondomvondo.

Voshoza, v. = vondoza.

Voshozela, v. = vondozela.

Voto, ukuti (Votho, ukuthi), v. Deal a per-
son (ace), etc., a violent blow with a stick,
fist, or foot = votoza.

Votoza (Vothoza), v. = ukuti voto.

Votsho, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vondo.

Votshoza, v. = vondoza.

Votshozela, v. = vondozela.

Vova, r. Strain, as liquid (ace.) by passing
it through a strainer or sieve of some
kind; filter (= hluza); put a person
(ace.) right (lit. clear him of his evil
ways), 'take the cheek, etc., out of him,'
cure him, as one might a bully, a cheeky
boy, etc., by giving him once a sound
humiliating thrashing [Lat. colo, I strain ;
Ga. boyo, a strainer].

Ex. us'evovekile, kasayikupinda, he is now
cured (of his bad habit), he won't do it
again.

i-mVove, n. Fat or fatty-juice in the cells
of spongy bones, which comes out when
sucked or boiled.

um-Voviyane, n. 5. (N) = i-m Vumvuwane.

u-Vovo, n. Red flower of the aloe-plant;
honey-dew or sweet water found within
the cups of same and collected and
drunk by children.

Ex. asiye 'kuvov'uvovo, let us go and strain
the aloe-flowers i.e. collect their sweet water,
as above.

i(li) or isi-Vovo, n. = i(li)-Hluzu.
Vovololo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fofololo.
Vovononeka (s. k.), v. — ukuti fofololo.
Vovononisa, v. Make a thing (ace.) hang

lifelessly, loosely (see ukuti fofololo),

as famine a man's body.

Vovonono, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti fofo-
lolo.

Vbxo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti vanxu.

Voxoza, v. = vanxula.

Vu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Get up or rise to a
standing posture, or in an upward manner,
all together or at once, as an assembly
of men, or flock of birds (= ukuti vi);
open one's mouth, say a word ( mostly
in neg. — ukuti nka).

Ex. bati vu bo nice abantu, all the people
rose n f) together.

katanga vu, he didn't say a word.

VU

i-mVu, n. Sheep; applied to a quiet, easily
managed person or animal [Lat. ovi's,
sheep; Chw. n-ku; Her. o-ndu; Kamb.
ngondu; Sw. kondoo; Kag. kholu; Heh.
inkholo].

Phr. uku-dhla intra, to cat a sheep (which
is held tight at the mouth when being killed),
i. e. to remain quiet or silent when one
ought to speak, as when questioned about
anything, or when sent with a message aud
just remaining silent instead of delivering
it. See i(li)-Masa.

P. xifa nga'mm'nye, they (the sheep) die
through one sheep (from their habit of follow-
ing the leader into any danger) = one scabby
sheep affects the flock, or one ' black sheep '
may lead many astray.

isi-Vu, n. = isi-Vinini. Cp. isi-Ju.

u(lu)-Vu, n. = u(lu)-Vi.

Vuba, v. Mix up together, as two different
sorts of things (ace), or most commonly
the um-caba (or crushed boiled mealies)
with the ania-si, or people so that they
come to quarrel (= xuba); eat such
thickened amasi [Bo. vuga, stir to-
gether; Her. runga, zunga; Sw. boru-
ga\.

Phr. lolo'hlobo ungevube ngalo, you could
not mix ( your amasi) with that kind of people
( i.e. from their nature they would not unite,
or eould not become familiarly associated
with, anything nice) —as might be said of
some Natives whom one may treat kindly,
but who will still only despise you, not
joining on to you gratefully on that account.

hum husavutshwa ngoludala (ukezo), there
it is still eaten (amasi) with the old fashion-
ed spoon, i.e. they still follow the old
fashioned manner of life.

i(li)-Vuba, n. Pelican (Pelicanus rufescens);
also = u-Ngoqo.

isi-Vuba, n. Great African Kingfisher
(Ceryle maxima). Cp. isi-Pikeleli; u-
Nongozolo.

Vubela, v. Mix up, as the worts of Kafir-
beer (ace.) with the malt, sour-milk
(amasi) with the crushed mealies (um-
caba), etc.

i-mVubelo, n. Anything for mixing into
or up with something else, as the leaven,
crushed mealies, etc., above (cp. imi-To-
mbo); also = i(li)-Xubevange.

um-Vubo, n. 5. Any food into which some
second kind has been mixed, as the
amasi when already mixed up with
crushed boiled mealies (umcaba), or
squeezed beer-dregs (umxtcku) similarly
mixed.

Vubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = vubulu.

y

VU 685

i-mVubu,%. Hippopotamus; shambok of
such hide; hugely fat person ( i-mVu-
bumvubu) = i-mBoma [Ga. mvubw,
MZT. im-vuvu; Reg. nguvu; Bo. vu/u;
Te. m-bvu; Bor. ngurutu; Her. o-nduu].

Vubukula (s.k.),v. = kupulula; also ?;w-
&m/« |Sw. vumbua, discover, strike
upon; Bo. vumbula, discover).

Vubukuli, ukuti (ukuthi; 8.k.),v. = kupu-
lula, vubukula.

um-Vubukulo (s. k.), n. 5. = um-Qubukusho..

Vubula, v. Provoke, excite to quarrel, as
a person (ace.) by saying or doing some-
thing hurtful to his feelings = gala,
vubukula, pobola.

i-mVubumvubu, n. Hugely fat person
(mostly used of males) = isi-Fufununu.

isi-Vubuvubu, n. Hugely fat person ( most-
ly used of females).

Vucu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fucuza.

u(lu)-Vucu, n. Largo collection, assemblage,
or great heap, 'heaps' (metaphor.), as
of cattle at a fair, men at a dance, grass
or rubbish stacked high. Cp. i-mFucu-
mfucu.

Vuculula, v. = fucuza.

Vucululu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = fucuza.

i-mVucumvucu, n. = i-niFucumfucu.

Vucuza, v. = fucuza.

i-mVucuza, n. = i-mFucumfucu.

i-mVu-emnyama, n. One of a certain sec-
tion of the i-nDhluyengwe regiment,
afterwards incorporated with the um-
Lambongwenya of the um-Xapo regi-
ment.

Vuka (s. k.), v. Get up or rise from a
lying posture, as a person reclining, or
a buck starting up from lying in the
grass (cp. suka); get up, i.e. rise from
bed or sleep; rise again, from the dead

VU

or grave ; have the passions or spirit
aroused, as a man active with anger, a
bull at the start of the breeding season,
or a sluggish person now setting vigor-
ously to work (used in perf.); become
stiff again, as a hide previously supple
with grease [MZT. buka, awake; Ga.
stuka, get up; Bo. yuyufca, rise from
dead ; Sw. fufuka, rise from dead ; ruka,
spring],

Ex. ini yona eloku ivuk'icwila otshanini?
what is that which keeps bobbing up and
down in the grass V

iiaafumanisa indoda ivukile ngemisebenxi,
I found the old-man all in excitement or
earnest about the works (to be done).

Phr. u&'evuke isibekcuane exintotubini, he
has got his old passiou lor girls aroused
agaiu.

8ebevuke (or vukwe) amadhlingo&i, they
have now got up with an intense excitement,
are all in a frenzy, as excited dancers, a
frantic witch-doctor, etc.

kabavuki 'fcaya, they have nol conic from
any home i hut from sonic strange, inhospi-
table kraal, whence they were sent oil with-
out anything to eat I.

i(li)-Vuka (s.k.),n. Young bull, just begin-
ning to mount; boy of about sixteen
years; young, recently initiated umngo-
ma.

i-mVuka (s. k.), n. Food prepared for the
indoda or kraal-head daily, soon after
sun-rise, and before which nobody, in
polite society, is supposed to eat.

um-Vuka (s. k.), n. 5. Any old thing rising
up anew, as weeds growing up again
after being hoed, pumpkins coming up
afresh from old stalks, or an old affair
being raked up anew. Cp. wnt-Simama.

Ex. uBani uvuke umvuka (ox uvuse umvu-
ka) ngaleya'nkomo, So-and-so has risen up
(or raised up) a resurrection or new dispute
about that there beast, etc.

i(li)-Vukana (s. k.), n. Young-bull, just com-
mencing to mount.

i(li) or isi-Vukazi (s. k.), n. Young ewe-
sheep, that has not yet lambed.

i-mVukazi (s. k.), n. Ewe-sheep.

Vukela (s. k.), v. Rise up or get up early
for, any particular purpose; rise up
against, attack, as an angry man or
wild-beast violently turning on a person
(ace). See vuka.

Phr. isangoma siya 'kuvukela ka'Ndabambi,
the witchdoctor has gone to get into a frenzy
(i.e. dance) at Ndabambi's kraal.

ngixovukela ugwayi ku'Sibanibam, I shall
so and beg for some tobacco of So-and-so.

i(li)-Vukusi (s.k.),n. Mole (with plur.);
mole-hill, or lot of hills (collect.) about
any particular spot = i-m Vukuzane
[Her. o-hukuha, mole].

Vukuta (Vukutha),v. = vongoteka, ukuti
vukutu.

Vukuteka (Vukutheka), v. = ukuti vukutu,
vongoteka.

Vukutu, ukuti (Vukuthu, ukuthi), v. — ukuti
vanxu; also vongoteka.

i(li)-Vukutu (Vukuthu), n. Black or Speck-
led Pigeon (Columba arquatrix). See
i(li)-Hobe [Her. o-nguti, pigeon].

isi-Vukutu (Vukuthu), n. = isi-Vongoto.
Vuku vuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), V. vukuza.
Vukuza (s. k.), v. = fukuza.
i-mVukuzane (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Vukusi.

1'. iyadela imvukuxane, yon'ihamba pant si.

X

VU 686

umhlaba ingawuboni, happy is the mole,
who goes underground, and does not see the
world!-- as might be s;iid by :i young-man
lamenting the fact that he can do nothing.
cannot get to his girl, etc., without every-
body seeing and knowing it.

i(li)-Vukuzi (s.k.),n. = i(ti)-Vukusi.

i-mVukuzi (s. /;:), //. = i(li)-Vukusi.

u(lu)-Vukuzi (s.k.),n. = u(lu)-Vuzi.

Vula, /•. Open, actually or metaphor., as
a box (ace.), bottle, one's ears, etc.;
clear, make open, as a passage or path ;
broach, tell out, as an affair; open up,
restart, as works that have been tempor-
arily closed. Cp. vala [MZT. jula;
Ang. jikula; Bo. vugula; Sw. fungua;
Ga. sumulila; Mai. buka].

Ex. sesavulwa amehlo, we have now seen,
had our eyes opened (to sonic fact we hud
hitherto not believed |.

. vuTemnyango, open the door {lit. at the
doorway i.

lavidwa ng'iiBani isango lalapa ekaya? by
whom was the gale opened here in this
kraal? i.e. who was the first wife to get
married here?

ngiyakumvul'indhletshana, I will open his \
little ears for him i. e. make him do what 1*
he is told.

i(li)-Vula, w. = um-Vulasango.

i-mVula, n. Rain [Skr. plu, flow ; Lat. plu-

via, rain; Go. Kag. mvula; Sw. m-vua;

Bo. Ngu. Ze. fula; Heh. mfula; Kainb.

mbua; Her. o-mbura; Nyanye. m-bula;

Congo Forest Dwarfs, m-bu; Mamb.

Icuma; Ya. u-la; Mai. hudjan; Bui.

i-por],

Ex. liyana imvula, it i the heavens) sheds
forth rain, i. p.. it is raining.

um-Vulasango, n. 5. Coat or bullock pre-
sented by the bridegroom's people to
the bride's party 'while standing at the
gate' upon their arrival on the evening
preceding the wedding; also applied to
the um-Poso.

Vuma, /'. Assent, agree, agree to, be wil-
ling, as to anything being dune, or to
the terms of an agreement (with Jcu, ela
form with ace, or ulcuba); allow, per-
mit, as any action (ace), or person (ace.
with ela form and ukuba) that he do
anything; accept, as a person (ace.) for
workman or pupil; admit, as a fault
[ace.); approve, admire, a person (ace.)
in any of his actions, as his dancing,
dressing, disputing, <-te. (used in perf.);
acknowledge or return a salutation ;
answer yizwa to a witch-doctor during
the hula process; sound i.e. return or
give forth a sound, as a musical instru-

VU

ment when played ; sing the low accom-
paniment or second part in any song
(comp. hlaba; i-nRrwazo); grow well,
thrive, as any particular plant or crop;
turn out well, as a pot in the baking,
or a hide in the dressing. Comp. ukuti
kete; nqaba. See vumela [Sw. vuma,
bellow; blow, as wind; Bo. vumilila,
bear with ; Her. nana, agree with].

Ex. uku-vuma kahle, to meet a person civ-
illy, obligingly, as to what he says or wants.

luvuma kahle lolu'gubu, it sounds, 'plays'
nicely, does this organ.

ngimvumile uBani, egiya, I admire So-
and-so as to his dancing.

ngiyavuma lexi eximbili, exinye ngiyaxi-
pifca, I admit or agree to these two (cattle),
the others I deny (know nothing about
them ).

P. ukuvuma kulandula, Jcwasho uNtente-
mana wakwa'Ndhlomt, to agree to is to say
No ( with us ), as said Ntentemana of the
Ndhlovu clan — he having attained notoriety
through consenting to everything without
having the slightest intention of ever doing
what he said.

u-Vuma,w. = isi-Kwali.

i-mVuma,«. Goat or bullock slaughtered
\---'by the bridegroom for the bride, at the
\ time of the uku-baleka or uku-via.

um-Vuma, n. 5. Certain tree, whose ber-
ries are eaten by bucks.

u-Vumalefati, n. ama-Lala dial. = u-Ba-
fazini.

um-Vumaze, n. 5. Assent given indiffer-
ently, not intended to be of any conse-
quence.

u-Vumazonke (s. k.), n. One who assents,
saying yebo, to everything he may be
asked or told. -

ubu-Vumba (Vumbha), n. (N) = ubu-Vi-
mba.

Vumbe, ukuti (Vumbhe, ukuthi),v. = ukuti

sJmme.
Vumbeka (Vumbheka), v. = shumeka.
um-Vumbi (Vumbhi), n. == um-Vimbi.

Vumbu, ukuti (Vumbhu, ukuthi), v. = uku-
ti qubu.

Vumbuka (Vumbhuka), v. = ukuti qubu,
qubuka, vumbuluka.

um-Vumbukane (Vumbhukane), n. 5. =
urn- Vumhidukane.

Vumbuluka (Vumbhuluka), v. Get unstop-
pered or uncorked, as a bottle or the
cork therein; get opened again as to
the womb, as a woman beginning again
to have children after having been 'stop-
ped up' by an umtakati, etc. ( uku-
tiwa vumbululu); come up suddenly

vu

into sight, appear suddenly rising out
of, as a man hiding in the grass or a
bush, or coming up out <>f the water
(= ukuti vumbuluki)] break out all

sides at Once

as

a rash (= ukuti

mealies
nu mini,

^

s

over, on all
growing, <>i

ru in hit ha).

um-Vumbulukane (Vumbhulukane), n. 5. A

rash or eruption, all over the body (=
um-Vumbukane); also (C.N.) trap-door
spider (^= u-Nqonqonqo).

Vumbuluki, ukuti (Vumhliiiliiki, iikuthi),v.
Come up or rise up suddenly into sight
see vumbuluka.

Vumbulula (Vumbhulula), v. Unstopper or

uncork, as one might a bottle (ace.) or
the cork therein, or a woman that she
bear children again = ukuti nunihulnlu

Vumbululu, ukuti (Vihnbliululu, ukuthi), v.
= vumbulula.

Vumela, v. object form of Vuma, q. v. Al-
low, a person (ace.) or thing; agree with
a person (ace.) as to anything (with
ku); side with, a person (ace.) in any
dispute (= Vuna).

Ex. uku-vumela pantsi, to agree or con-
sent reluctantly, not readily.

uku-vumela pexulu, to agree or consent
readily, at once.

Phr. nyivumela wena rye (oivake w'enxa
kanje), 1 am just siding with yon (who once
acted thus), i. c. I am merely paying you
back in your own coin, doing as you did to
me.

Vumelana, v. Agree or consent mutually,
come to an agreement, make a contract
with one another.

i-mVumelano, u. Mutual
tract, covenant.

i(li)-Vumelo, n. General approval or assent,
as when a man has the support of all
though in the wrong (C.N.).

isi-Vumelwana, n. Beast presented by the
bridegroom's people to a bride's father,
outside of the lobola cattle (N).

Vumisa, v. Make, or bring a person (ace.)
to agree or consent; induce or persuade
him, to do anything.

i-mVumo, u. Low or deep-toned accom-
paniment of a song or dance, usually
sung by the men. Cp. i-nRrwazo; vu-
ma.

um-Vumo, w. 5. = um-Gwayo.

u-Vum-okwenina (s.k.),u. = u-Bafazini.

Vumvu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Scatter a 'pinch'

or very small quantity of any powdered
^substance over anything else (ace.). Cp.

vumvuzela |Sw. vumbi, dust; Ga. mfufu,

dust].

agreement, con

687 VU

i-mVumvu, n. == i-mVutuluka', also i-m Vu
nge,

isi-Vumvu ( Vuumvu), n. = is-Amvu.

um-Vumvu, u. 5. Kamdeboo Stinkwood

(Celtis Kraussiana, also Celtis Burman-

ni or rhamnifolia).

Vumvunyeka (s.k.),v. - vungunyeka.

i-mVumvuwane or Vumvuyane (Vuumvu-
wane), n. African Goshawk (Astur tu-
ctiiro); sometimes applied to similar
hawks = u-Rrebe.

Vumvuza, v. = ukuti vumvu.

Vumvuzela,?'. Sprinkle, in any quantity,
as salt or nutmeg (ace.) upon food, or
the food (ace.) with salt, etc. See ukuti
vumvu. Cp. fafazela.

Vuna, v. Harvest, reap, gather in crops
(ace. — com p. fula); side with, take the
part of, as of any particular party (ace.)
in a dispute or law-case (not in actual
fighting) (= vumela, uku-ma na); ga-
ther a person (ace.) in i.e. pitch into
him with sharp vigorous action with a
stick, thrash him smartly [Sw. MZT.
vuna, reap ; Her. vonga],

Ex. vfaneVukungcna, wamvunavuna nge-

ndulcu, he had no sooner entered, than he
pitched into him smartly with a stick.

uvuna bona, he supports them, is on their
side.
uku-Vuna, n. Harvesting.

Vunda, v. Be or become rich, as soil (used
in perf. ); be or become high or bad,
going on to decay or rottenness, as meat,
mealies, porridge, or a sore becoming
foul; have the sulks against a person
(ace), retain an internal ill-feeling or
grudge towards him, e. g. because he
has done something unfriendly (used
in perf. = qumba); have abundance of
foodstuffs, mealies (ace), etc., as a man
(used in perf. — see i-mVundo, isi-Vii-
ndi) [Skr. vridh, grow, increase; Sw.
Bo. Ga. vunda, rot; Sw. u-vundu, stink;
Ang. ma-vunzu, dung].

Ex. umhlabati ovundileyo, rich soil.

lowo'mnumxana uvundile (ngamabele), that
gentleman has any amount of food | Kali r-
corn, and the like I.

ungivundile, he is in the sulks with me,
is harbouring ill-feeling against me = ungi-
qumbile.

Phr. ngiyakubuxa, kuvunde igundane, I
shall ask you again, when your rat has
rotted, i.e. when your pet fad or intention
has tailed — said to one who stubbornly
rejects the advice of another, or momentarily
despises his elder.

um-Vundela, n. 5. Anything already stink-

from putrefaction, etc., as meat gone

(U . Wt

■

vu

had, etc. (cp. uflu)-Futa)', long-standing
sulks, grumpiness, ill-feeling against a
person, kept till it rots in tlie heart
(= i-nQushumbane, i(li)-Cqubn) = um-
Vundevu [Sw. itrvundu, stink].

ama, isi or um-Vundevu, n. 5. = um-Vu-
ndela.

Vundhla, v. Go lengthways along the slop-
ing side of a thing, as when walking
along the side of hill, or a beetle walk-
ing along the length of a wall. Cp.
kupuka.

Ex. wohamba ngexivundhlayo (ixindhhla)
njalo, you must go by tide-paths, down
where you will not be seen (not by exposed
ways i. .is a person who wants to sneak along'
unobserved.

uku-vundklisela amehlo, to turn the eyes
around so as to see something alongside
without moving the head.

um-Vundhla, n. 5. Hare = u-Nogwaja.
Phr. umvundhla o'xikundhla -.ibili, >ish-
ngulo oluy'txibunubunicane olttcije emva na-
pambili, a hare whose holes are two, a many-
buttocked needle pointed both before and
behind said of a deceptive person who
pretends friendship with both of two hostile
parties (originally used by Mpande of the
u-Kandempemvu regiment ).

umvundhla tiwunqande pambili, they (the
dogs) have cut off the hare in front — said
of anything whose escape is cut off.

Vundhla vundhla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ukuti
vunya vunya.

isi-Vundhlavundhia, n. — isi-Vunyavunya.

Vundhlaza, v. = vunyaza.

Vundhlazeka (s.k.),v. = vunyazeka.

Vundhlazela, v. = vunyazela.

um-Vundhlo, n. 5. Side or face of a hill
or ridge. See vundhla.

isi-Vundi, u. One who has an abundant
supply of food.

i(li)-Vundo, n. — i(li)-Gqubu. See vunda.

i-mVundo,H. Abundant supply of food in
any kraal. See vunda.

i-mVunduna, n. Golden-green Cuckoo
i Chrysococcyx cupreus); black ox of a
-iniiliir colour, having white spotting*
all over the body (— i(li)-Hwanqa).

i-mVundumvundu, //. Soil soft and louse
from abundance of manure, as on an
old kraal-site; meat sodden from over-
boiling.

Vunduza, v. Have to do with any softly
sinking thing, as when walking on such
a soft loose soil as above, oi eating a
piece of soft meat.

Vune, ukuti (ukuthi),v. (C.N.) — ukuti name.

688 VU

Vuneka (s. k.), v. (C.N.) = nameka.
i-mVunga, n. (C.N.) = i-mVunge.

Vunga vunga, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = vunga-

zela.
Vungama, v. Murmur i. e. utter complaints,
a low, half-suppressed voice;

etc., in

growl, as a dog at a person (ace. with
ela form ) when angry, or distant thun-
der. Comp. vungazela; vungunyeka.

i-mVungamvunga, n. = i-mVunge.

Vungazela,?'. Make a low continuous mur-
muring sound, as of men talking lowly
in a quiet place, or bees buzzing a little
distance off, or machinery rumbling in-
distinctly within a factory == ukidi vu-
nga vunga. Cp. vungama; vungunyeka.

i-mVunge, n. Low continuous murmuring
sound, as of men talking lowly in a quiet
place, bees buzzing at a distance, or
machinery making an indistinct rumble
within a factory = i-m Vumvu. See vu-
ngazela; vuiigunyeka.

Ex. banemvunge nyami, they are talking
(in undertones) about me, have something
about me they don't wish me to hear.

um-Vunge, n. 5. Tall, robust, broadly built
person.

i-m or ubu-Vungu, n. Amasi put aside for
an infant as food.

Vungula, v. Pick out from between the
teeth, as a particle of meat (ace). Cp.
bangula; coyiya.

ama-Vungula-mfonono, n. Nasty, undesir-
able affairs which an evil-minded busy-
body gets raking up (used with banga).

i-mVungu!a-mfonono, n. Such a malicious
person or talker, as above.

Vungunyeka (s. k.), v. Talk together in un-
dertones about some affair (with hga)
or person, as when a number of discon-
tented or complaining persons talk to-
gether about something that has com-
monly affected them or about something
serious that has happened = vunivu-
nyeka.

u(lu)-Vunguvu, n. Any matter of impor-
tance which is a subject of general half-
suppressed talk among people.

isi-Vunguvungu, n. Very strong and wildly
blowing outbreak or blast of wind, such
as lifts huts and breaks trees, as
when a furious south-wester rises. Cp.
isi-J'epo; isi-Kwishi [Sw. kl-mvunga,
typhoon].

Vunguza or Vunguzeka (s. k.), v. Blow very
strongly and wildly about, as a south-
wester furiously rising [Sw. ?>«/««, blow
as wind; ki-mvunga, typhoon].

vu

689

VU

isi-Vunguzane, n. Strong short sudden
gust of wind.

Vunisa, v. Assist a person (ace.) with his
harvesting; work for food by harvesting
at somebody's fields, as in time of dearth.

Ex. ngiya 'kuvunisa uBam, I am going to
assist So-and-so with her harvesting.

ngiya 'kuvunisa k'oBani, I am going to

harvest for food at So-and-so's kraal.

Vunku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Break sharp-
ly or snap (trans.) in two, as a pencil,
rafter, bone, snake, or string (== vu-
nkula); get so broken or snapped in
two, as above (= vunkuka) = ukuti juqu.

isi-Vunku (s.k.),n. Broken piece, as of a
stick, rafter, bone, or snake, that has
broken, etc., in two = isi-Juqu.

Vunkuka (s. k.), v. ■= ukuti vunku, juquka.

Vunkula (s. k.), v. = ukuti vunku, juqula.

Vunula, v. = hloba.

i-mVunulo, n. = i(li)-Hlobo.

um or ubu-Vunya, n. 5. Mites or small
maggots found in the inside of foul
«masi-gourds, and also similar tiny ver-
min that eats holes in izidwaba, etc. =
ubu-Ttimushe [Ga. mvunya, maggot;
Sw. funza; Her. orii-vingo, mite].

Vunya vunya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = vunya-
za; vunyazela; vunyazeka.

isi-Vunyavunya, n. Great big broad person
who takes up all the room to himself
= isi-Vundhlavundhla, isi-Fuftmunu.

Vunyaza or Vunyazela, v. Spread out broad-
ly, as one'slblanket (ace.) when throw-
ing it down unfolded on the floor; spread
oneself out or make oneself of big ap-
pearance by abundance of ti'appings or
finery, as a woman in her full 'Sunday-
best ' kilt, or a thin man rigged out with
coat and broad trousers = vundhlaza.

Vunyazeka (s. k.), v. Get put down in a
broadly spreading manner, as a blanket;
place oneself or sit broadly spread out,
in a lounging fashion, so as to take up
all the room ; sit spread lazily out i. e.
lounge about doing nothing, as an in-
dolent person = vnndhlazeka.

Vusa, v. caus. form of vuka. Make get up
or arise, as a person (ace.) or buck ly-
ing in the grass; make get up i.e.
arouse, or awaken, a person, etc., from
sleep or bed; alarm, as people by a dis-
turbing report (see um-Kosi); rouse
up to activity, rouse up the passions or
spirit, as of a bull, or a sluggish man;
raise up, as a house or family; renov-
ate, raise up anew, as any old thing
rendered useless through want of re-
pair.

um-Vusa-nkunzi (s. k.), u. 5. Certain forest
shrub, having a pretty white flower.

i-mVusi, n. One who muses people by
giving them the alarm. Cp. u(lu)-Qunga.

i(li)-Vuso, //. Alarm, nervous apprehension,
remorse, or internal uneasiness gener-
ally = u(hi)- Valo.

Vuta (Vutha),v. Flame, burn (in the sense

of showing flame), as a candle, or fire-
wood; blaze, as a gun when fired, or a
match when struck; he on fire, burning
about something, as one's heart or pas-
sions. Cp. languza; lumata; okela
[Skr. jval, blaze; Her. veta, burn as the
sun; Sw. vuta, smoke a pipe; vukuta,
blow with bellows].

Ex. ukuni oluvutayo, a flaming or burning
firebrand.

i(li)-Vuta (Vutha), ?i. Very dry soil, where
crops do not thrive unless with abun-
dance of rain, getting quickly burned up
by the sun.

Vute, ukuti (Vuthe, ukuthi), v. = vuteleka.

Vutela (Vuthela), v. Blow up a flame (with
the mouth) in a newly-made or dull
fire; blow into the vagina of a cow to
induce it to adopt a calf that is not its
own (see tibu-Vimba).

P. yox'iyikote; yivutele! it will come to
lick it; keep on blowing it up! i.e. persev-
ere in your effort; it will at last take on,
be a success, what you are aiming at.

Vuteleka (Vutheleka), v. Be nicely filled
out, plumpish and round of body, as a
person, bullock, etc. (used in perf.) =
ukuti vtite.

isi-Vutevute (Vuthevuthe), n. Hot, burning
sun, or wind, or thing generally.

i(li)-Vutisa-mjadu (Vuthisa-mjadu), n. A
just middling kind of dancer, sufficient
to fill a place.

Vutu, ukuti (Vuthu, ukuthi), v. = vutuza;
vutuka.

i-mVutu (Vuthu, no \A\\r.),n. = i-mVutu-
luka.

Vutuka (Vuthuka), v. Get made to fall off
in a loose manner or in particles ; hence,
fall off, as leaves or fruit from a tree,
crumbs when eating anything of a crum-
bling nature, rubbish from a mat, or
grass-particles from a coat when shaken ;
fall out, get shed, as teeth (cp. kumuka) ;
get thrown off i. e. go off or disperse,
as people from a kraal or church in
which they were assembled = vutuluka,
ukuti vutu.

Vutuluka (Vuthulnka), v. = vutuka.

i-mVutuluka (Vuthuluka; no plur.j, n. An\

11

age have long ago

VU 690

thing which fails, gets cast or shaken
off as negligable particles, as crumbs
from a piece of bread one is eating,
Leaves or fruit fallen from a tree, bits of
rubbish falling from a mat or coat when
shaken, etc. ; also applied to <>irls left
when others of their
got married = i-mVutu,

Phr. bay'imputuluka, umcaba osala ema-
sini, they are the cast-aways, the erusbed-

mealies left (discarded) in the antasi — as
might be said of old girls, as above.

Vutulula (Vuthulula), v. — vutuza.

u(lu)-Vututu (Vat hut hu), n. Very large
broad isi-1 uku, or blanket, that will
cover two or three people at once =
u(lu)-Wambalala.

Vutuza (Vuthuza), v. Make to fall off in

VU

particles or in a 'shedding' manner;
hence, cast off, as a tree its leaves or
fruit (ace), or a man a garment or snake
from his body; shake or knock off, as
rubbish from a mat or grass-particles
from a coat; make crumbs i.e. let fall
in ] (articles, as when eating anything
(ace.) of a crumbling nature = vutulula,
ukuti vutu [Sw. jmlcusa, shake off; Her.
pukumuna; Ga. vuna, crumble; tuka,
fall].

Ex. wapika, wavutuxa, he denied, he cast
the whole thing away from him (would have
nothing to do with it).

ub'eximtuxa, he was clearing himself, en-
deavouring to get rid of, as a charge (ace.)
brought against him.

kail i' sirufuxa inyama ka'Sibani, we have
been eating away at meat ever so long at So-
and-so's {lit. have been shaking it about).

iis'exiputuxe ixingubo, he has already cast
off the clothes, as a Christian Native who
baa returned to Kafir life.

Vutwa (Vuthwa),v. Be thoroughly cooked,
as meat or vegetables; be or become
ripe, or ripened, as grain or fruit on
the plant, or a pipe or stick when chang-
ing its colour and becoming polished by
use; be thoroughly curdled, as amasi
(cp. hloba); be red or dark of colour,
the face from straining or choking
(cp. gqunqa)', be or become sobered
down, as a wild youth by aging or edu-
cation ; be thoroughly dressed or rigged
out in good form, as a person well
dressed up (used in pert, in all cases).
Cp. vuta [Sw. pevusha, ripen; Ga. nvu,
ripe].

Ex. sekuvutiwe nari kakukavutwa, is it
already cooked? it is not yet cooked (or
ripened, etc. ).

ngavifuniniiisfi mtiiire, I found him quite
up (as when about to go out visiting).

icmuntu onyavidwanga, a person who has
not ripened or sobered down, as a youth
still wild and intractable. See xwata.

P. liwashaya (hula), evutiwe (amabele), it
(the heavens or hail) strikes it (the Kafir-
corn) down when already ripe = gather
your crop without delay; make hay while
the sun shines.

ibele lendhlela kalivutwa — see i(U)-Belc.

i (I i)- Vutwa (Vuthwa), n. Person who is
just ripe, of average kind of appearance,
neither very handsome now yet having
any ugliness.

i-mVutwamini (Vuthwamini), n. Name
given to the 'Hickory king' mealie, from
its rapidity of growth = u-Hlezane.

um-Vutwamini (Vuthwamini), n. 5. Certain
bush (Plectroniaventosa), bearing small
brownish edible berries ; one of the last
regiment of girls formed by Shaka, and
next after the um-Cekeceke.

isi-Vuvu (Vuuvu), n. = is-Amvu.

Vuvuka (s. k.), v. Swell, get swelled, as the
body from a blow, etc. Cp. vuvukala
[Bo. vutika].

Ex. us'evuvuke nekanda, he has swollen
or got a swelling on or about the head, as
when the side of the face is all swollen.

us'evuvuke ikanda, he is already swelled
up in the head *. e. is very angry, in a great
rage.

wavv/vukelwa unyawo, he got swollen feet,
as from dropsy.

Vuvukala (s. k), v. Be swollen i. e. in swell-
ed state, as one's leg (used in perf.).
Cp. vuvuka.

isi-Vuvumakazi (s.k.),n. Plump-bodied child

( mostly of
filled out.

;irls ), well ' swollen ' i. e.

Vuvunyeka (s. k.), v. = vungunyeka.

Vtiza (Vuuza), v. Reward, give in acknow-
ledgment of good services rendered =
rromela [Sw. tuza, reward].

Ex. wamvuxa ngembuxi, he rewarded him
with a goat.

Vuza, v. Leak, as a vessel with a small
hole in it; drip, as a soaking garment
from which the water is running. Cp.
huda [Sw.' vuj a, leak].

Ex. nmkono wake uyavuxa utshwala, his
sleeve is dripping with beer (having fallen
into it).
i(li)-Vuzamanzi, n. = i(li)-Vuzimanzi.

um-Vuzane, n. 5. Certain shrub (Lasiosi-

phon Kraussii).
u-Vuze, n. Natal Grass Warbler (Sphence-

acacus Natalensis ).
um-Vuzi (Vuuzi), n. 5. Marsh-mungoose

(Herpestes yalera). Cp. um-Hlangala.

vu

u(lu)-Vuzi (Vuuzi), n. Thick entanglement
of vegetation growing upon the surface
of standing water; such an overgrown

spot in the water.

i(!i)-Vuzimanzi, n. Certain water-snake,
about a yard long, of a Mack glossy
colour, fatally poisonous and generally

691 WA

living in the crevices between rocks

below the water ( i(li)-Vezimanzi) ;

sometimes applied to the eel ( urn-

Bokwane).
um-VCfzo (Vuuzo), n. 5. Reward. Sec vuza.
i-mVwana, «. dim. of v-mVu. Lamb.

w.

Wis much more truly a semi-vowel in the
Zulu than in the English language. Its
pronunciation must, therefore, not be con-
founded with the broad mouthful peculiar to the
English speech: it is simply the close vowel U,
as occurring in the English word ' resume ',
which, coming before another vowel, glides
smoothly into it, combining as a diphthong,
though still retaining its original close sound.
Thus, the words woxa (come) and wetu (our)
must be prouounced somewhat as uoza and
uetu, the pair of vowels, of course, not being
separated, but glided together in one sound.
It is precisely this, to our ears, unusually
weak pronunciation of the w that has so com-
monly led Europeans to miss its presence in
Zulu speech altogether, and to write, as many
incorrectly do, um-H.au instead of um-Hawu,
or isi-Ula instead of isi-Wula.

Wa, int. used to scare away crows from a
field or an infant from doing something.

Wa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Deal a person (ace.)
a slap with the palm of the hand (=
ukuti wahla); go to bed on an empty
stomach (= ukuti rnahla).

Wa, v. Fall, in any sense; set, as a pump-
kin which, on attaining a certain size,
falls from the erect position on to the
ground ; do or say an undesirable thing
inadvertently or rashly; come down
plentifully, in great abundance, as crops,
rain, or bees in any particular year, or
sickness when very prevalent ; fall i. e.
strike anything, as lightning. See wela
[Skr. qad, pat, fall; Hi. pama, fall; Ar.
wa"aj, fall; Bo. Ga. Ze. Ngu. giva, fall;
MZT. Her. wa; Ya. wa, die; Go. kagwa,
fall; Kamb. vahtka; At. too].

Ex. kutiiva liwile (ixulu) ha'Bani, they
say the lightning has struck at So-and-so's
kraal.

inula ("or aiuabele) iwile nonyaka, a food-
abundance (or Kafir-corn) has fallen plenti-
fully this year. Cp. lata.

ha! ishungu lami liwile, oh! my snuff-
box has fallen or dropped (and got lost on
the way — said previous to searching for it).

i(li)-Wa, n. = isi-Wa; also (C.N.) forest

plant, eaten in time of famine.
isi-Wa, n. Precipice, cliff, perpendicular

ascent = i(li)-Wa. Cp. i(li)-Lc>i</c/cii>/' ■
i-nKelekete [Her. oru-una, cliff; MZT.
lu-ala].
umu-Wa (no plur.),n.5. Loose grains of
Kafir-corn that have fallen to the ground
beneath a heap of ears; sick person
already unable to walk.

Waba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wabazcla.

i(li)-Waba, n. Black ox (- i(li)-Wasakazi
being used for a cow) with a white patch
under the belly and running slightly up
the flanks or about the stump of the
tail; black shield having a white mark
at one or both sides = i(li)-Wasa. Cp.
i(li)-Bangqtda; i(li)-Qola; i(li)-Lunga.

Wabazela, v. Walk with the body hanging
loosely or lifelessly, as when tired out
on a march, a sick weakly person, or a
man going along with the empty hands
swinging loosely about (=tva?ica, ivancu-
zela); move the wings when flying in
a hanging manner, flapping the sides
as it were, peculiar to the i-Sakabuli,
u-Mawube, and some other birds =
uktiti ivaba.

Ex. wabaya ewabaxela nje, she returnee 1
with the arms hanging loose, i. c. empty-
handed, not having obtained what she had
gone for.

\Nabo,poss.adj. Their; its (of the seventh
class ) — see abo.

u-Wabo, n. One of the same age or i-uTa-
nga as he, she, or they. Cp. u-Wetu,
u- Wenu.

Ex. ung'owabo, he is of the same age ^as
So-and-so ).

Phr. umuntu ongenaye mcabo (= oica-
knbo), a person who has nobody of his fa-
mily or kraal), i.e. who has no relatives of
any kind.

u-Wabokazi (s.k.),u. Female of the same
establishment i. e. wife of the same man
as she or they = u-Zakwabo.

Ex. ung'uwabokaxi, she is a wife of the
same husband as she.

u(lu)-Waca, n. = u(lu)-Wanca.

Wahla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Deal a person a
slap with the palm of the band I ukuti

44*

WA

wahle); pour out in one 'slap' i.e. bo-
dilv, in bulk, lmt not entirely, as when
pouring half a bucket of water on lime
at a single go, or half a pot of beer bo-
dily into another vessel.

Wahla wahla, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Rattle, as
a lot of loose beadwork about the body
or rattling ankle-ornaments — wahlaza,
wahlazela.

Wahlaza, v. Rattle, as above; also ukuti
wahla.

Ex. uku-wahlaxa ihlombe, to slap i.e.
make a clap 01 clapping (with the hands).

Wahlazela, v. Go rattling along, as a wo-
man or man with body ornaments, as
above — see ukuti wahla wahla.

Wahle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Deal a person
(ace.) a slap with the palm = wahlela,
ukuti wahla. Cp. i-mPama.

Wahlela, v. = ukuti wahle, wahlaza.

Waka (s. k.), v. Deal or transact business
with intent to cheat or defraud, as an
unprincipled trader or 'sharper' deceiv-
ing a purchaser (C.N.) [Eng. ivork\.

u-Waka (s.k.),n. One given to such prac-
tices as above, a cheat, a 'sharper'.

ubu-Waka (s. k.), n. Character, or practices
of such a person as above.

Wake (Wakhe), poss. adj. His, her, its ~
see ake.

Wako (Wakho), poss. adj. Thy ; its — see
ako.

i(h) or more freq. ama-Wala, n. Rough,
thoughtless, carelessly hasty manner of
doing anything, as with some clumsy
careless workmen who through rough
violence destroy much, or servants
roughly handling fragile vessels, or a
big boy when using thoughtless violence
when playing with a small child = ama-
Gugu; i(/i)-Putu; see ivalazela.

Ex. unamawala lo'mtmtu, he is carelessly
hasty, is rough in action, is that person.

Walakahla, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Throw
down, pour out, etc., bodily, in a heap,
all at one go, as a cow when expelling
the calf (ace.) right off at one motion,
Or a person pouring out liquid bodily
or at one easting.

i(li)-Walakahla (s.k.),n. = isi- Walakahla;
also any object, aim, etc., which is 'a
great thing' i.e. of great value or in-
terest to one, as a prized object, a hob-
by, or specially interesting undertaking
one has in hand (= i(li)-Gugu).

isi-Walakahla (s.k.), n. Any very big broad
thing, as a hut, river, field, mat, etc. =
isi-Kelekehle.

u(lu)-Walakahla (s. k.), n. A very tall per-

692 WA

son, who when lying stretched out, 'cov-
ers the whole breadth' of the hut.

Wala wala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = walazela.

i(li)-Walawala, n. One who is carelessly
hasty, rough, thoughtlessly hurried
about work or in doing generally = isi-
Putuzeli. Cp. i(li)-Xapaxapa.

Walazela, v. Do or act generally in an care-
lessly hasty, rough, thoughtlessly hurried
way, in such a manner as generally to
spoil or do badly — guguzela. Cp. xa-
pazela; ama-Wala; i(li)-Walawala.

Walo, poss. adj. Its— see alo.

WSmba, ukuti (Wambha, ukuthi), v. Cover
up or over, as a heap of grain (ace.) by
a sail-cloth or grass, or the body with
a blanket.

isi-Wamba or Wambana (Wambha), n. Per-
son with the intellect 'muffled up', a
naturally stupid fellow, as generally seen
from his sleepy idiotic kind of gait or
looks.

um-Wamba (Wambha), n. 5. = um-Shabu;
also sometimes = u-Mabobe.

u(lu)-Wamba (Waambha— no plurj, n. Lo-
cust Bird or Black-winged Pratincole
(Glareola melanoptera) = u(lu)-Duku.

u(lu)-Wambalala (Wambhalala), u. = u(lu)-

Vututu.
u(lu)-Wambazi (Wambhazi), n. = u(lu)-

Vututu.
Wami, poss. adj. My — see ami.
Wanca, v. = ivabazela.

u(lu)-Wanca, n. Thing hanging loosely,
lifelessly down, as a broken arm, long
loosely hanging female breasts, or ears
of Kafir-corn blown about and bent
down by violent winds.

Wancu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be loosely, life-
lessly hanging, as the limbs of a strength-
less person, or long female breasts =
wancuzela; ivabazela.

Wancuzela, v. = ukuti wancu; wabazela.

umu-Wane, m. 5. (N) = u-Ntliziyonkulu.

u(lu)-Wangala, n. Any useless, worthless
thing, as a good-for-nothing soil, empty
unprofitable talk, or a worthless fellow.

Ex. uhuluma uwangala (or inkangala),
you are talking stuff, with nothing in it.

Wanga wanga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wanga-

zela, bunguzela.
Wangazela, v. = bunguzela.

isi-Wanguwangu, n. A white or very light
skinned person, newly born infant, etc.

Wanqa, v. Encircle, enclose, wrap round
so as to effectually grasp or prevent
escape, as an impi enclosing an enemy

WA 693

(ace), a wrestler enclosing another within
his arms, or a person wrapping a blan-
ket closely round the body (com p. hanqa;
ukuti ngci); hence, bring one (ace.) into
a predicament or perplexing position,
so that he know not what to do (com p.
yibaza; kohlwa).

Wanqa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wanqa.

Wanqeka (s. k.), v. Get so encircled or
enclosed in, as above; get placed in a
predicament, caught in a perplexing
position (used in pert'.) — see wanqa.

Wanya wanya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wanyaza.

Wanyaza, v. Do anything in a scamping,
hastily neglectful manner, as when mere-
ly bunching clothes together instead of
folding them carefully, or when hoeing
a field in a superficial imperfect manner,
or when chewing one's food only partly
from painful teeth or from want thereof.

i(li)-Wasa, n. = i(li)-Waba (the latter word
being mostly used of a bullock or bull ).

i(li)-Wasakazi (s.k.),n. Cow coloured like
the i(li)-Waba bullock, q. v.

Washa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — ■ ukuti hu.

isi-Washawasha, n. Any very white thing,
as a whiteman, white ox, or dress =
um-Gwagwa. Cp. um-Hanga.

Washu washu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = washuza.

i(li)-Washuwashu, n. Glib, unscrupulous
talker, whose word can scarcely be relied
on from habitual exaggeration and laxi-
ty of truth = i(li)-Wesheweshe.

Washuza v. Talk glibly away in a loose
manner, unscrupulous as to facts. See
i(li)- Washuwashu.

Waso, poss. adj. Its — see aso.

u(lu)-Wata (Watha),n. = ubu-Watalala.

Watalala, ukuti (Wdthalala, ukuthi), v. Lie
spread broadly out on the ground, as
a great number of sheep or cattle lying
down (not moving) on the veldt, corpses
spread thickly about after a battle,
people lying numerously sick in a kraal,
or a large carpet spread over the floor
= ukuti watata.

Watalala (Wathalala), v. = ukuti watalala.

ubu-Watalala (Wathalala), n. A lying
broadly spread out upon the ground,
as of cattle, locusts, corpses, etc., as
above — u(lu)-Wata.

i(li)-Watanga (Wathanga), n. Hill-side,
slope of a hill = i(li)-Wuba. i(li)-Qele.

Cp. i(li)-Dobo.

Watata, ukuti (Wdthatha, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti watalala.

Watu, ukuti (Wathu, ukuthi), v. Take
small drink, swallow a mouthful.

WE

Watu watu, ukuti (Wathu, wathu, ukuthi), v.

Drink away, as from a pot of beer (ace)

or water watuza, ukuti ya ya ya.
Watuza (Wathuzii),v. = ukuti watu watu.
u-Wawa, u. Stepmother (a term disliked,

as expressing more or less contempt).

Cp. u-Babana.

Ex. uiKjinii limine, mjildrxi kn'/eaiva, 1 linve
no mother; I live with a stepmother.
i(li)-Wawa, n. 'Big,' exaggerated talk, as
of a person boasting or one magnifying
the facts of a case; empty barking of
a dog without biting = i(li)-Haba, i(/i)-
Tanw. See toaivaza.

isi-Wawa, n. = isi-Wombe.

Wawasa, v. Eat with the gums, mumble,
as an infant or old toothless person
eating; also = ivaivaza.

Wawaza, v. Talk 'big, exaggerated talk,'
as a person boasting or one magnifying
the facts of a case; bark emptily, without
biting, as a dog = hanisa. Cp. i(li)-
Waiva.

Wawo, poss. adj. Its ; their — see awo.
Wawu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti twetwe.
u-Wayawaya, n. A going off for good,
never to return.

Ex. sewaya k/ca'wayaivaya, he has gone
whence no man returns.

kungaba uwayawaya, it would be a going
off never to return (to go there).

Wayo, poss. adj. Its ; their — see ayo.

Wazo, poss. adj. Their — see azo.

We, int. Heigh! I say! — used in calling
a person, or in acknowledging such a call ;
also sometimes 'catch me! what next!
etc. '

Ex. 'we.' 'Bcmi." 'We." 'Heigh! So-and-
sol' (by the caller); 'Heigh!' (in response
by the one called ).

ive mina! ; we Una! = what's the use of
asking me, us, etc.

We, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be or do thoroughly,
properly, in a perfect manner, etc., and
equivalent to Eng. advs. and adjs.
'altogether, thoroughly, properly, really,
perfectly, real, genuine', etc. = ukuti
mwe.

Ex. salunga sati ia>, it (the vessel in mak-
ing ) came out perfectly.

uhlakanipile ute tee, he i> thoroughly
clever.

ng'uye ire, it is liis real self.

ung'umlungu ire, he is a genuine white-
man l not (if half caste taini i.

i(li) or isi-Webesi, n. Any 'llappy' or
'flabby' thing hanging in a loose, flaccid
manner, as loose drapery covering a

/

WE 694

thing, wide trousers on a man, a big
pouch or belly when drooping from
emptiness.

We be we be, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = webezela.

Webezela, r. Hang in a loose, flaccid,
flappy manner, as above.

i-nWebu, n. — see i-Nwebu.

i-nWebunwebu, n. — see i-Nwebunwebu.

isi-Wehle, n. Large quantity on any place
of hard 'rattling' things (giving forth
the sound wehle), as at a place with a
lot of loose stones thickly about, or with
a large quantity of bones scattered about,
or a large quantity of money on a
table or in one's hand. Cp. u-Weshe;
wehleza.

Wehle wehle, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wehleza;
wehlezela.

Wehleza,?-. Rattle, as a lot of beads or
bones striking together, small stones in
a tin-can, or Native ankle-ornaments in
dancing = ukuti wehle wehle; ukuti
yehle.

ama-Wehleza or Wehiezi, n. Any rattling

WE

ornament, as long strings of large beads
about the head or body, or rattles (ama-
Fohlowane) about the feet.

Wehlezela, v. Go along rattling, as a per-
son adorned with much rattling dress-
ornamentation.

Weke weke, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = we-
kezela.

Wekezela (s. k.), v. Make a great din or
confusion of shrill, high-toned talking,
as a lot of women or children at a beer-
drink = tshwekezela, welexela; cp. xo-
kozela.

i(li) or isi-Wekeweke (s.k.),n. Great con-
fused hi^h-pitched noise, as of women
or children beer-drinking or wrangling,
as above = i(li)-Welewele.

ubu-Wekeweke (s. k.), n. Practice of mak-
ing, or character of, such a noise, as
above.

Wela, v. obj. form of wa. Fall upon, into,
towards, etc.; ford or cross a river or
expanse of water (ace); cross over, at,
• ■v., a liver (with loc.) ; go over the sea,
to Europe, etc., or over the Tukela.

Ex. umhmgu kaseko, sewawela, the white-
man i- do longer here, lie has already cross-
ed i the sea, for Europe, etc. ).

ubaba wawela noMpande, my father crossed
over (the Tukela) with IVlpande the Tu-
kela being the boundary-line separating Zu-
luland from the Whiteman'e colony oi Natal,
which latter place is commonly termed pe-
sheya in Zulu land.

uyakuwela </<■</'■ emLalaxi, ub'us'wruboiia,

you will just cross over the Umlalazi, when
you will see it (the kraal).

uyakuwela umLalaxi, uyakuwela umHlatu-
xe, uyakuwela imFoloxi, you will cross the
Umlalazi, the Umhlatuze, the Imfolozi, etc.

ungiwele ngentlamba^ ngingakawisi i-.iri,

he came down upon me with insulting lang-
uage, before I had spoken a word.

i(li)-Wele, n. Twin = i(li)-Pahla; cp.
i-mFusi [com p. bill].

N.B. A person suffering from a stiff neck,
must have it twisted by a twin, and none
other, and it will immediately be cured!

um-Welela, n. 5. Certain shrub, whose

roots are used as a love-emetic, dream-

y medicine, etc., by young-men in their

A dealings with the girls, and the leaves

\as hnifino.

X.B. In spitting out the charm in the
direction of the girl he wishes to make dream
of him, the young-man would say, hamba!
'mwelela-kwelipesheya, 'mxaca osikomb'ama-
X <i wane!

Wele wele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. == wekezela.

i(li) or isi-Welewele, n. = i(li)-Wekeweke.

Welezela, v. — wekezela.

Welisa, v. Help, or make, a person (ace.)
cross a river (loc, or cloub. ace).

Ex. /com welisa umLalaxi, ubi/ye, you shall
see him across the Umlalazi, and then return.

Wena, emph. pron. Thou; thee.

i(li)-Wenana, n. Very last fresh mealies of
a season's growing, and following later
than the is-Ancape = i-nGumu.

izi-Wenguwengu (no sing.), n. Great con-
fusion of conflicting noises, some talking
loudly, others laughing, other singing
or shouting, as at a fair, or noisy mar-
riage feast.

Wenguza, v. Make a great noise, as above.

Wenu.^oss. adj. Your — see enu.

u-Wenu, n. = u-Wabo, when applied to
the second pers. sing, or plur.

u-Wenukazi (s.k.),n. = u-Wabokazi, when
applied to the second pers. sing, or plur.

u-Weshe, n. = u-Kiveshe.

i(li)-Weshe or Wesheweshe, n. = i(li)-Wa-

shuwashu.
Weshe weshe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = washuza.
Wesheza, v. = washuza.
Wetu (Wethu),poss.adj. Our— see etu.

u-Wetu ( Wethu), n. = u-Wabo, when ap-
plied to the first pers. sing, or plur.
the common term of familiarity used by
one young-man addressing another, even
though not of the same age.

WE 695

Ex. awungishiyele, wetu! give us a pinch

of snuff, thou of ours, or mate!
u-Wetukazi (Wethukazi), n. - u-Wubokazi,

when applied to the I'irst person sing.

or plur.
isi-Wewe, n. = m-TFa.

Wewete, ukuti (ukuthi; s.t.),v. Just skim
off, from, or over, the top of anything,
as cream (ace.) From set-milk, a small
ladle of utshwala from the beer-pot, or
a stone just skimming- along the top of
a thing = ukuti yeke or yekeke.

Weza, v. caus. of wela = welisa.

WV, ukuti (uhuthi), v. Be quite empty, bare,
as a room of furniture or a kraal of
people = ukuti he.

Wi, ukuti (ukuthi — with prolongation of

the vowel,), v. Flow, run or shower down,
as tears, or rain softly falling.

isi-Wici (with plur.), n. Things, happenings,
events (gen. of an unpleasant nature)
such as befal one from time to time
during his precarious existence on earth
= isi-Yiba.

Ex. kiti kuvele isiwiei kusihlwa sokuti,
there occurred a happening (something hap-
pened ) at our kraal last night, namely, etc.

isi-Widi,w. = isi-Widili.

Widili, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Sweep off, as a
full river sweeping off loose things,

crops, persons crossing, etc.; get swept
off, as such things, with the water.

isi-Widili, n. Anything swept off by the
current of a full river, as tree-stumps,
boxes, etc., floating down; such a river
in full flood; heavy rain such as will
bring the rivers to a 'sweeping' flood.

i(li)-Wili, n. Amabele that has degenerated
or become 'wild', so as to resemble imfe
and so be of no use as grain ; (N.) Green
bulbul (Antropadus importunus).

isi-Wili or WVIiwili, n. Loud, hurried and
indistinct confusion of voices, as of
a lot people arresting some imminent
dangei', quarrelling, disputing, etc. See
wilizela.

Wili wili, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wiliza, tvili-
zela.

i(li)-Wi!iwili, n. Person with a naturally
hurried, flurried, indistinct utterance, as
though excited.

Wiliza, v. Speak in a quick, flurried, in-
disiinct manner, as above — see i(li)-
\X 'Hi 'wili.

Wilizela, v. Make a hurried, agitated, in-
distinct confusion of sound, as above —
see isi-Wiliwili.

Wisa, v. caus. form of wa. Make or help

WO

a thing to fall; hence, knock down, casl
down, etc., as anything (ace.) standing of
itself, as a man, tree, pot, etc. (not any-
thing contained in tin; hand see hi-
///<i); cause the fruit to fall, from the
erect position on to the ground, as pump-
kins when attaining a certain size; put
off one's guard, throw dust in one's
eyes, by crafty talk or action (= lalisa).

Ex. ngawiswa ihashi (ox itshe), I was

thrown down by a horse (or caused to fall
by a stone).

Phr. inkomo yami iirisilr, my cow has
thrown down (its calf before time) — has
miscarried.

i\idn liwisile ekutini, the heavens have
cast down (hail) at such-and-such a place.

i(li)-Wisa, n. Large knob on the top of a
kerry ; hence, such stick or knobkerry
entirely. Cp. i-nTsulugu; isi-Monqo.

isi-Wisa, n. Very nice beer or snuff. Cp.
isi-Ncinzwakanye.

Wo, int. expressing amazement ( whether
of admiration or displeasure), regret,
grief, etc., hence, oh ! alas ! etc.

isi-Wocongo, n. = isi-Kopoco.

Wohlo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make a rattling
'showering' sound, as of a lot of bones,
mealies, money, poured out in a heap
together ; rattle down ( metaphor.) i. e.
fall off or down in a shower, shower or
fall dropping down, as leaves or fruit
falling of themselves off a tree, raindrops
from a branch when shaken, tears from
a person weeping, loose hair from a
person's head = wohloka; cause so to
rattle 'showeringly ', as a lot of bones
(ace.) when pouring them out ; make
shower or fall dropping down, as the
raindrops, leaves, etc., as above = wo-
hloza.

um-Wohlo,w. 5. Old dried-up person or
animal (— i-nKoiilomba); old bachelor,
or old maid ; old-looking, wizened young
person = um-Wohlowohlo, uiu-Wolo-
kohlo.

Wohloka (s. k.), v. = ukuti wohlo.

Wohloza, v. = ukuti wohlo.

Woko or Woko woko, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),
v. = wokola; wokoka; wokoza.

Wokoka (s.k.),v. Get loosely done, or made
to hang loosely, as the bundle, gourd,
etc. — see wokoza.

Wokola (s.k.),v. Touch upon slightly, re-
fer to, a subject (ace. coinp. j>'i/>n;
also = wokortt.

Wokomalisa (s.k.),v. (C.N.) = woko.".

isi-Wokoqo (s.k.),n. = isi-Kopoco.

i(li) or isi-Wokowoko (s.k.), n. Any loosely

WO 696

hanging thing, as a loosely tied bundle,
trousers hanging loose, an empty blad-
der, a thin-shelled calabash with soft
sides, or mealies hanging loosely about
from having been over-run by cattle,
marauders, etc. = i(li)-Wokosi. Cp.
ukuti woko.
i(li)-Wokosi (s.k.),n. = i(li)-Wokowoko.

Wokoza (s. k.),v. Make hang loosely, do
in a loose fashion, as a bundle (ace.) or
knot when tying it loosely, trousers
when allowing them to hang loosely,
mealies or other crops when breaking
them about through indiscriminate run-
ning or tramping through them, or as
a child loosely holding together the
hands so that small things contained in
them drop out between the fingers =
ukuti woko.

Wola, v. Gather up or remove from the
ground by a gathering process, as when
taking up a small heap of ashes or
rubbish between both hands, or when
sweeping it into a dustpan, basket or
other receptacle [Ga. yola, gather into
a heap; Her. vonga, gather together].

Plir. uku-wola uishwala, etc., to gather in
beapwise, i.e. guzzle or gorge, beer (ace.) or
any other foodstuff (prob. from obsolete
meaning of wola viz. make stream or flow
into. See wolekela .

isi-Wolamlota (Wolamlotha), n. Any old
broken pot used for removing ashes;
also = i-nTlalamazaleni.

Wole, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wola.

Wolekela (s.k.),v. = tutelekela.

Wolokohla (s. k.), v. = ukuti wolokohlo.

Wolokohlo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Tumble
down bodily, as a man over a cliff or
a box from an elevated position (cp.
ukuti kalakata) = wolokohleka; make
so fall down bodily i.e. throw, cast,
pour down, as a box (ace.) from the
bead, a basketful of mealies, etc. = wo-
lokohla. Cp. ukuti golokoxo.

isi or u(lu)-Wolokohlo (s. k.), n. Deep pre-
cipice = i(li)-Lengelenge. Cp. i-nKele-
Jeete.

um-Wolokohlo (s.k.),n. 5. =

um-Wolonyama, a. 5. Heap

fallen one above tin- othei

in a scramble, corpses on

corn blown down by wind in a field -

a ni- Wo wane.
Womba (Wombha), v. = yenga.
isi-Wombana (Wombhana), n. = isi Wa-

mbana.
i(li)-Wombe (Wombhe), n. Name first given

by Shaka to all the old men remaining

um-Wohlo.
of anything

, as of people
a battlefield,

WO

in his time from Senzangakona's reign;
then applied by Dingane to a certain
regiment of his own formation ( = u(lu)-
Kokoti) and of which his brother Mpa-
nde was member; and finally revived
again as another regiment following the
i(li)-Hlaba (= u-Ndabakawonibe, isi-
Sho\i) by Mpande after becoming king.

isi-Wombe (Wombhe), n. Single meeting
or joining in conflict between two con-
tending armies, charge, onslaught, attack
(referring not to the on-rush, but to
the actual meeting in conflict) = isi-
Wawa.

Wona, emph. pron. It — for nouns of the
5th. cl. sing, with the prefix umu; they
- for nouns of the 2nd. cl. plur. with
the prefix ama.

i(li)-Wonde, n. Species of cormorant
(? Phdlacroeorax lucidus). Cp. um-Pi-
shamanzi.

isi-Wondo, n. = isi-Danga.

Wondo wondo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wondo-
za.

u(lu)-Wondowondwane, n. Little bit of an
emaciated person or animal, scarcely
able to keep firm on its legs. See onda.

Wondoza, v. Go along in a rickety fashion,
like an emaciated person who is merely

a pillar of bones. See onda.

Wongo wongo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = xvongo-
za; wongozela.

ama-Wongowongo (no sing.), n. Imagined,
dreamed, foundationless statements or
reports, as of an old women seriously
relating all kinds of nonsensical rumours
(= ama-Wunguwungu); also = ama-
Xongoxongo.

Wongoza, v. Talk as above.

Wongozela, v. = bongozela.

isi-Wonqo, n. = isi-Kopoco.

isi-Wonqoba, n. = isi-Koj)oco.

Wonxo wonxo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wonxo-
zela.

um-Wonxowonxo, n. 5. Person or animal
with skin already flabby and loose from
emaciation.

Wonxozela, v. Go with the skin loosely
hanging or flabby, as above.

Woshi, int. expressing surprise, etc., 'oh
my ! just look ! ' Cp. ye-he-he.

Ex. woshi! yekHxvnkomo! oh! what cattle
{i.e. what a large number)!

Wota or Wotawota (s. t.), v. Pet, fondle,
handle lovingly, as one might a dear
child, an infant when humouring it, or
a little pet article. Cp. totosa.

i(li)-Wowa, n. = i(li)-Woxvo.

wo

um-Wowane, n. 5. Certain kind of trap
for catching large animals, as leopards,
hyo-nas, etc., in which heavy logs and
ami stones Fall crushingly upon them;
heap of things lying one upon or over-
lapping the other, as corpses thick and
overlying each other, or corn blown
down in a i'ield so that what is before
lies overlapping what is behind, or a
lot of people sleeping together in a hut
the head of one resting upon the body
of him above (with la/a).

i(li)-Wowo,w.. Large heap or pile, as
of firewood, wattles, stones, etc. Cp.
i-Nqwaba.

Woza, impert. sing, of the verb za.

i(li)-W6zawoza, n. Attractiveness, attraction,
as of anything which excites a strong
/y' desire, as it were, continually saying
'come, come' {woza, woza).

Wu ( very much prolonged in pronuncia-
tion), int. — a shout of alarm, giving
notice of the approach of danger =
i, iwu.

Ex. wu! ingene.! hoar ye! it (the enemy)
has entered i.e. is here in our midst!

Wu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Hang strengthlessly
or thoroughly done up, as one's body
when quite exhausted (— ukuti dica);
come out, go, etc., in an uninterrupted
stream, as people coming out from a
church, treacle poured from a pot, or a
continual flow of tears (= ukuti wulu,
wululeka, wuza ).

i(li)-Wuba, n. Slope of a hill, hillside (=
i(li)-Watanga); plur. ama-Wuba, 'hill-
sides' i.e. hill-side or hidden paths,
round which one may sneak without

may
*• being seen ; hence, secret ways generally ;
adv. secretly, in secret.

Ex. wohaniba ngexamawuba for ngama-
wuba), you must take hillside-paths or hid-
den ways (so as not to be seen).

uqeda ukudhla ngamatvuba, he eats up
the food on hillsides, in hidden places, in
secret.

isi-Wukulu (s. k.), n. Dumb (by birth,
incapable of speech, and with the Kafirs
gen. more or less idiotic) person (=
isi-Mungulu ; cp. isi-Tuli) ; vessel, gourd,
etc., without a hole or mouth made
therein (= isi-Muku ) ; certain goat or
bullock killed for the bride's party on
their arrival at the bridegroom's kraal
on the evening previous to the wedding
(cp. i-nDhlakudhla, u-Meke); (C.N.)
certain kind of owl [Sw. bubu, dumb].

arna-Wukuwuku (s. k. — no sing.,), n. =

ama- Wongowongo.
isi-Wukuwuku (s. k.), n. Speechless idiot,

697 WU

dumb and intellectually silly person. Cp.
isi-Wukulu.

Wukuza (s.k.),v. Talk, think, see, etc.,
imaginary things, dreams, empty stuff
without substance, as one dreaming all
kinds of things while asleep, or talking
foundationless nonsensical rubbish. Cp.
pujia; ama- Wukuwuku.

i(li)-Wula, n. Oribi antelope {Calotragus
scoparius or Ourebia scoparia).

isi-Wula, n. Fool, stupid person, without
any natural sense or intellect. Cp. wi-
Tuta; isi- Wukuwuku.

Phr. (isiwida) esatunywa ugwayi, saya ebo-
teni for sagijimela umlota), a fool who wax
sent for tobacco or snuff and wTeut for the
i(li)-boxa plant (or ran for ashes).

ubu-Wula, n. Folly; foolishness.

Wulaza, v. Make a fool of a person (ace),
make feel foolish = pukuza.

Wulazeka (s. k.), v. Get made a fool of,
get made to look or feel quite foolish =
pukuzeka.

Wuleka (s.k.),v. Do anything in a stupid
manner, act foolishly.

Wulu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti wu, wu-
luleka.

Wuluka (s.k.),v. = wululeka.

Wulukuhlu, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Pour
or cast out bodily, all at once, as water
(ace.) from a bucket, or grain from a
basket = wulukuhlu la; get so thrown or
poured out = wulukuhluka.

isi-Wulukuhlu (s.k.),n. A 'whoppingly'
large head, knob of a knobkerry, etc. ;
a great ' pouring out, ' as above, a flow-
ing mass, as of carriages or people com-
ing from a gathering.

Wulukuhluka (s. k.), v. = ukuti wulukuhlu.

Wulukuhlula (s.k.),v. = ukuti wulukuhlu.

Wulula, v. Make to come forth in an un-
interrupted stream, as below = ukuti
wulu.

Wululeka (s.k.),v. Come forth in an un-
interrupted stream, as people from a
church, treacle from a pot, or a contin-
ual flow of tears = ukuti wulu, wuza.

Wuma,r. Begin to dry up, be getting
shrivelled up, as the leaves of a tree recent-
ly dead, or a sick person beginning to
get thin, or new mealies put out to dry =
huma.

WCima, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wui/ni.

isi-Wumba (Wumbha).n. Black rust of
diseased Kafir-corn, mealies, grass, etc. ;
such 'rusted,' useless ear of grain, etc.

isi-Wumbana (Wumbhana), n. Simpleton,

y

wu

Young

silly fellow with the brains and ways of

u child. Cp. isi-Tuta.
Wumbu, ukuti (Wumbhu, ukuthi), v. =

wumbitzela.
Wumbuzela ( Wumbhusela), v. Go, roll,

or wave along with an undulating motion,

as long grass or grain before the wind,

or wind rising from the stomach along

the windpipe = gelezela.
i(li)-Wundhlu, n. Young of the lion, leopard,

civet, and such-like animals. Cp. um-

Wundhlwane; i{li)-Zinyane; isi-Xuxu-

wana; isi-Xumu.
isi-Wundhlu, n. = isi-Lundhlu.
um-Wundhlu or Wundhlwane, n.

of the dog, pup. Cp. i(li)-Wundhlu
Wundhlu wundhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. =

wundhluzela.
Wundhluzela, v. = lundhluzela.

Wundu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wunduka;
wundula.

Wunduka (s.k.),v. Get so pulled or torn
up, as below.

Wundula, v. Pull up or out from the
ground anything (ace.) easily yielding,
as grass or weeds from a soft light soil,
or as the wind blows over a hut or
fence stuck in soft ground ; sometimes
used for, obtain anything, as cattle (ace),
in an easy way, without any exertion.

isi or u(lu)-Wunduwundu, n. Any liquid of
a thick, congealed or viscid nature that
slides into the mouth in thick waves
or masses, as treacle, thick gruel, or
utshwala. See wunduza.

Wunduza, v. Take in by the mouth i.e.
eat, drink, swallow, etc., anything (ace.)
of the nature of an isi-Wunduwundu;
pull up or out from the ground anything
easily yielding, as grass or weeds from
soft soil (= wundula); hence, pullover
the earth easily i. e. hoe in a soft loose
soil, readily yielding.

698 WU

Wunga, v. (N) = wusha.
Wungu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wungula.
Wungula, v. Gather or clear away surface

rubbish (ace.) with the hands, as when
clearing aside the dried weeds when
preparing a field, the coarser portions
from the top of a heap of shop-sweep-
ings leaving the fine dust to be taken
separately, or all the pots and other
paraphernalia away from a hut in
which a person has died, etc., or all the
children away from a kraal for any par-
ticular ptirpose = ivunguza.

ama- Wungu wungu (no sing.), n. = arna-

Wongoivongo.
Wunguza, v. = wungula. —■

isi-Wunguza, n. Hail = isi-Coto.
um-Wungwane, n. 5. (N ) = isi-Yingayinga.
Wurru, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = wurruza.

Wurruza, v. Slap a person (ace.) with the
palm of the hand on the face = hida.

Wusha, v. Get out from people by plaus-
ible manners their private doings and
affairs and then go and report them
about; hence, let out, report about secret
affairs.

i(li)-Wushane, n. = i(li)-Wushuivushu.

Wushu, ukuti (uktdhi), v. = ukuti hushu.

Wushuka (s. k.), v. = hushuka.

i(li)-Wushuwushu, n. One who has the
practice of letting everything he has
seen or heard 'slip out' (see hushuka),
i. e. makes it known to everybody — see
wusha.

i(li)-Wuwa, n. Barren mealie-cob i.e. with-
out any grains; unfertile egg.

Wuza, v. Go with the body hanging pow-
erless, as a person quite exhausted;
come forth in an uninterrupted flow or
stream (= wululeka) = ukuti wu.

um-Wuzawuza, n. 5. A silly person, idiot.

X.

Xis used in Zulu to represent the lateral
click, of which there are four varieties —
(1), the lateral click simple, represented
by the letter x, as in the word ukuti xa (to
spread apart); (_'j, the aspirated lateral click,
represented by an xh, as in the word i-xha
(handle); ( ;i, a hard liquid lateral click, re-
presented by the combination gx, as in the
word gxoba (pound with a stone;; (4), a soft
liquid lateral click, likewise represented by a
gx, as in the word wiQxovangxova a muddle)
the difference between these last two var-
ieties being sufficiently marked by the fact
that the latter or softer kind only occurs after

an n, immediately preceding it in the same
syllable, the sound being found mostly in
words of which the radical really commences
with an x, but the sound of which has now
become tempered down or softened by the
nasal ring of the n preceding it. It must be
noted, however, that there are some words in
which the simple lateral click, written with an
./-, also follows immediately after an n in the
same syllable, and without having its sound
affected in any way; but in such cases it may
be regarded as more probable that the n is.
along with the .c, an intrinsic part of the ori-
ginal root, and not a subsequently added pre-

XA

699

XA

fix (as, fur instance, in the wend i-Nxenye,
one side), though this it not always the case
(as iu the word i-nXakcmxaka, a disorder,
from the verb xakaxa ).

X, int. expressing vexation, impatience, dis-
appointment. See nximfa.

Xa, ukuti (ukuthi),v. Spread or open apart,
as the legs (ace.) — xamalaza.

i(li)-Xa, n. Cheek or chops on the side of
a cow's head, cut off along with the ear
and eaten by the herd-boys.

i(li)-Xa (Xha), n. Small bundle, of fire-
wood, grass, etc., such as is borne by
a child on the head. Cp. i-Nyanda.

isi-Xa, 11. Bush-veldt, or spot therein, dense-
ly ' overgrown with bush, so that a
person travelling through it, does not
appear. Cp. i(li)-Hlanze; isi-Hoqoba.

Xaba, v. Get stuck in across anything, as
a small stick might get stuck crosswise
within a calabash (ace), a bone in the
throat of a person (ace), a bit of food
between the teeth, or any work that
' makes one stick ' i. e. puts one in a fix
or dilemma (= xalca) — often transposed
into passive form; stick' 'a bone of con-
tention' between two people (ace), raise
strife between them, as a malicious gos-
siper might do; make it 'warm', un-
pleasant for one, as a master the life of
a servant (ace), or one person the life
of another living with him ; be fixed
firmly in one's evil habits, be gone irre-
deemably bad, as a youth ( used in perf.).
Ex. yaxatshwa intambo empinjeni, it (the
dog) was stuck across for, i.e. choked, by
a bone in the throat.

i(li)-Xaba, n. Strife-making, contentious in-
dividual. See u(lu)-Xabosi.

Xabalaza, v. Be set or placed far apart,
as stripes in a sleeping-mat, or vessels
of beer when about to be filled; (C.N.)
= xamalaza.

ubu-Xabalazi, n. Condition or quality of
an i-nGxabalazi (q. v.); also — u(lu)-
Titi.

Xabana,?>. Be at cross purposes i. e. quarrel,
be at strife one with another (with na).

isi-Xabano, n. Cause of a disagreement or
quarrel.

Xabeka (s. k.), v. Get made to stick across,
as the .-tick, etc., above — see xaba; be
stuck in a fix or difficulty, as a person
with his work (used in pert'.); get
brought into strife, as two men = xa-
keka.

Xabelela (Xabhelela), v. Bring one (ace)
into trouble or involve in blame pur-
posely, as by some underhanded trick-

i(li)-Baxa
as above;
spread-oui

cry, e.g. a servant who secretly breaks
a thing for winch another will be hold
responsible and so gel blamed, or a
man who by wilfully disregarding the
superstitious rites accompanying a bur-
ial, brings down evil on tin- kraal.

Ex. ngaxajelelwa uye, I was got into
trouble by him.

Xabiya, y. Bar or block up an open space
by setting stick's across, as Natives do
at the entrance to a cattle-fold (with
loc), or the empty interstices in a
branch-built fence, by filling it in with
other twigs (— gcizela ).

i(li)-Xabiyo, n. Forked stick or
for thrusting in the twigs,
big broad foot with 'forked'
toes = i(U)-Xasiyo, i(li)-Ba.ca

um-Xabo, n. 5. — isi-Qongqwane.

u(lu)-Xabosi,y/. Strife-seeking, quarrelsome,
splenetic temperament in a person
u(lu)-Shikishi; cp. u(lu)-Sikisiki.

Xafu or Xafu xafu, ukuti (XJiafu, ukuthi),

v. = xafvza.
ubu-Xafuxafu (XhafitxJiafu), n. .Manner of
eating with a slushing sound, as of a doe.

Xafuza (Xhafuza), v. Eat with a slushing
sound, as a dog (cp. kamfuza); 'tuck
into' a person (ace) like a dog i.e.
abuse him roughly with low language;
mess up talk or an affair (ace) so that
it be unintelligible; do slightly any work
(ace) and then leave it (cp. xakalaza).

Xaka (s. k.), v. Get stuck across in or for
a thing (ace), as a bone in one's throat,
a bit of food between the teeth, or any
work which puts one into a fix or diffic-
ulty — often transposed into the pas-
sive form (= xaba ); make eat or drink
by forcing into the mouth (perhaps
from a custom of keeping the latter
open with a stick), as a cow (ace) by
pouring medicine down its throat while
the mouth is held open, or an infant
when thrusting the food into its mouth
by holding the hand with the food
firmly before it (cp. funza).

Ex ngixakwe umsebenxi, I am stuck in
a tix with my work (as when not knowing
how to get through it .

Xaka (Xhaka),v. Send off shoots from
the root, as a tree or an i-dumbi plant,
or from an old stem; intrude oneself
into other people's affairs (= xanta)\
(N. from Xo.) tie or hook on to some-
thing ( cp. bangqa).

ubu-Xaka (Xhaka), n. Small bundle of nice-
ly cut sticks about a foot and a half
in Length and bound at one or both

/

ends, and used by

girls

to hold in the

XA 700

hand and rattle together when dancing
See xakcusa.
Xakalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v

XA

Be in a
state of confusion, disorder, turmoil, as
things thrown disorderly about a room,
or people on a market-place = ukuti
xibilili, bixilili, hlakalala.
ubu or i-nXakalala (s.k.), n. Disorder, con-
fusion, of things or persons, as above
= ubu-Hlakalala.

Xakalaza (Xhakalaza), v. Do anything just
slightly or partially, not finishing it
off, as a man who works a bit at any-
thing (ace.) and then leaves it, or who
stabs a beast but not sufficiently to
have any effect = ukuti xakalazi.

Xakalazi, ukuti (Xhdkalazi, ukuthi), v. =
xakalaza.

i-nXakanxaka (s.k.),n. General disorder
or confusion, as of things thrown about,
or a muddled affair = i-nXovanxova;
cp. i-nTlakantlaka.

Xakata, ukuti (Xhdkatha, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti dhlakata.

Xakatisi, ukuti (Xhdkathisi, ukuthi), v. =
ukuti dhlakata.

Xakaxa (s. k.), v. Disengage or free any-
thing (ace.) that has got fixed into or
between something else, hence, pick out,
disentangle, as a stone jammed in be-
tween two others, a particle of meat
stuck between the teeth, pips from
among the pulp of a pumpkin, or a com-
plicated mass of string.

Xaka xaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. ■= xa-
kaza; xakazeka.

Xaka xaka, ukuti (Xhaka xhaka, ukuthi),
v. = xakaza (xhakaza).

ubu-Xakaxaka (s. k.), n. State of being dis-
orderly scattered about or in confusion,
as of things or persons = i-nXaka-
nxaka.

isi-Xakaxolo (Xhakaxholo), n. = isi-Ba-
mbane.

Xakaza (s. k.), v. Make or put in disorder
or confusion, as things (ace.) or people.
Cp. hlakaza; nyakaza.

Xakaza (Xhakaza), v. Rattle together, as
assegais (ace.) or the ubu-Xaka, when
held in the hand.

Xakeka (s. k.), v. = xabeka.

Xakela (s. k.), v. Get stuck across for or
in, as the body of a child in the womb
of its mother when being born — freq.
transposed into passive form.

Ex. itxakekoe ingane, kayipumi, she is
stuck across for by the child (lying awk-
wardly in the womb), it doesn't come forth.

i(li) or isi-Xama (Xhama), n. Woman's fibre
girdle (= isi-Fociya); belt of beadwork
worn by young-men and girls around
the chest or waist (= i-mFacane).

Xamalaza, v. Have the legs wide apart,
whether when sitting or standing (used
in perf.) = ukuti xa, xangalaza, danga-
laza; cp. xabalaza.

Ex. ihashi alihlale examalazile, he sits
astride the horse.

i(li)-Xamaxama (Xhdmaxhama), v. Impet-
uous, over-hasty person.

Xamazela (Xhamazela), v. Do with impa-
tient haste, be impetuous.

u-Xamu,w. Monitor (M. nilotieus), of
which there are several varieties.

P. uxamu ubambhidwala, the monitor
clings to the flat-rock (where there is nothing
to hold on to) —said of a man making an
ineffectual effort to defend himself against
a charge of which he is plainly guilty.

Xangalasa, v. = xangasa.

Xangalaza, v. = xamalaza.

ama-Xangalaza (no sing.), n. A spreading

apart or straddling of the legs (with

ukivenza ).
Xangasa, v. Go or walk with the legs far

apart, as one with a sore between the

thighs = xangalasa.

Xanta (Xhanta), v. Send off shoots from
the root (as a tree or an i-dumbi plant),
or from the trunk, branches, or an old
stem (as trees in spring, or a cut ama-
bele stalk sprouting anew ) ; intrude
oneself into other people's affairs =
xaka. See tim-Xantela.

i-nXantela, n. = um-Xa?itela.

um-Xantela (Xhantela), n. 5. Shoot or
sprout, as growing up from the root of
a tree or dumbi plant or along a tree-
trunk in spring-time ; person who thrusts
himself into other people's affairs =
i(li)-Hlumela, i-nXanxatela ; cp. i(li)-
Rrume.

isi-Xanti (Xhanti), n. The row of upper
dorsal vertebrae, about the hump in an
ox; meat of a beast thereabout; the
same locality, or flesh, in human-beings.
Cp. isi- Jingo; isi-Konkosi.

i-nXanxatela (Xanxathela), n. = um-Xa-
ntela.

Xapa (Xhapha),v. Lap, as a dog or cat
( from the sound produced ) ; splutter or
'boil,' as mealie-grains in a pot (— xa-
]jazela; cp. badhla; bila ).

isi -Xapa (Xhaapha), n. Calabash of a cer-
tain kind = i(li)-Qaga.

Xapa xapa, ukuti (Xhapha xhapha, uku-
thi), v. = xapazela.

x-a^JU i 'Y^

XA

i(li)-Xapaxapa (Xhaphaxhapha), n.
wasteful lavish scatterer, a Bquanderer,
through lack of careful economical in-
stincts. Cp. i(li)-Hlapahlapa.

Xapaza (Xhaphaza), v. Do in a squandering,

wasteful way; scatter carelessly, prodi-
gally about, as when distributing food
(ace), making presents, etc.

Xapazela (Xhaphazela), v. Splutter up or
'boil,' as mealies or similar food in a
pot (= xapa; cp. badhla ) ; slush through,
•splutter up,' the mud (with loc. ), as a
person walking in very wet weather;
splutter up, boil up, as an angry man
getting into a rage.

um-Xapo (Xhapho), n. 5. Regiment, or
member thereof, formed by Mpande
next after the u(lu)-Dududu = u(lu)-
Hlwayi.

u-Xapozi (Xhaphozi), n. Herb (Ranuncu-
lus pinnatus) with yellow flower, grow-
ing in marshy places, and whose pungent
leaves are used as a febrifuge; another
similar marsh-herb, eaten as imifino.

i(li)-Xapozi (Xhaphozi), n. Marsh, swamp.

i(li)-Xasiyo, n. = i(li)-Xabiyo.

isi-Xatu (Xathu), n. Mark left by pressure
on any soft substance ( of which a por-
tion adheres to the object pressing), as
when one treads on a clayey floor and
brings away a portion with the foot, or
when one touches wet paint — not used
of a simple mark of pressure or in-
dentation. See xatula.

Xatuka (Xathuka), v. Be or get pulled off
or removed by the pressure of some-
thing to which it adheres, as the soft
wet clay of the floor above, or wet paint
when touched, or the skin from a stroke
with a shambok.

Xatukisa (Xathukisa), v. = xatula.

Xatula (Xathula), v. Pull off or remove
the external soft clay (ace), paint, or
skin as above, by making it adhere to some
pressing object; cast off the exterior
roughness of the horns, as does a young
ox a certain age (= xebula). See isi-
Xatu.

Xatuxolo, ukuti (Xdthuxolo, ukuthi), v. Be

exactly like in appearance, colour, size,

etc., as one vase with another (with na

- not used to express simply 'equal to,

in size — see ukuti xo).

Xavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Cut or scoop out
(C.N.).

Xawula (Xhawula), v. Shake hands (C.N.).

N.B. The custom of shaking hands is un-
known among the Zulus; the kissing of her
child by a woman was the only greeting of

701 XE

A this description in vogue before the advenl

of the w liilcinan.

Xaxa, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Il«>p about,

frog: shift about constantly from spot
to spot, as a man constantly moving his
kraal; go out or away for a moment,

to, as from a hul or

mar by = xarnunt.

Any old, battered-in

take a 'hop ' over

work to any place

xoxoma.
isi-Xaxa (Xaaxa), n.

basket or i-qoma - i-nTlahla.
Xaxama, v. = ukuti xaxa.
Xa xa xa, ukuti (Xha xha xha, ukuthi), v.

= xaxaza.

Xaxaza (Xhaxhaza), v. Make the sound
xa xa, as rain dripping from all parts
of a hut-roof, or a number of people
hoeing together ( = tjxaza; xalcaza ) ;
cause to make such a noise, as a woman
the utshwala (ace.) when she squeezes it
in the strainer and makes it drip abun-
dantly into the pot, or a young man
his sticks (ace.) when he holds them
loosely rattling together in the hand
(= xakazisa ).

i(li)-Xayi, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Xabiyo.

ubu-Xayi, n. (C.N.) -- Natal corruption for
ubu-Cayi.

Xayiba, v. (C.N.) = xabiya.

Xazula, v. = xazidula.

Xazulula, v. Put asunder, separate forcibly,
as things (ace.) firmly joined together,
like glued wood, the closed jaws of an
ox, or two boys fighting (cp. hlazulu-
la); disentangle, pull apart, as a lot of
entangled string (ace); lay out plainly,
separate the details' clearly, explain, as
an intricate matter (= hlazulula ).

Xebuka (s. k.), v. Get stripped or pulled off
in long lumps, strips, or cakes, as the
woody bark of a tree, or plaster from
a wall, or flesh adhering to the hide
when skinning a beast; peel off in cakes
of itself (intrans.), as such a bark, or
the dry cowdung smeared on a floor =
xepuka.

Xebula, v. Strip, pull or tear off in heavy
strips, lumps or cakes, as the woody
bark (ace), plaster, or flesh, as above ; cast
or strip off the original external rough-
ness of the horns, as a young ox at
a certain age (= xatula) = xepula.

Xega, v. Be shaky, unsteady, loose, as a
fence-post, the leg of a chair, or a
wagon-wheel; be loose, slack, not taut
or tightly bound, as a rope,
or knot = xeketa, yeketa.

um-Xegelele, n. 5. = um-Xegexege.

um-Xegexe, n 5. = um-Xegexege.

bandage,

XE 702

Xege xege, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Shake about,
as a wagon going on rickety wheels, or
an old man whose limbs arc infirm.

um-Xegexege, n. 5. Any rickety, shaky
thing, as an old wagon or chair, or a
man whose limbs are shaky.

Xegisa, v. Make a thing (ace.) to shake
or be loose; let the udder hang loosely
so as to shake about, as a cow when
approaching its calving time (cp. faka)
= xckciisa.

i(li)-Xegu (Xhegu), n. Man in advanced
old age and no longer able to get about
from feebleness. Cp. is-Alukazi ; xegula.

Xegula (Xhegula), v. Attain advanced old
age, become an i(li)-Xegu — sometimes
used by comparison of old women.

Ex. ungexe waxegtda, you will never see
old age — Baid as a reproach, threat, etc.

A". /)'. Very old men and women among
the Zulus who succumb to senile decay, are
not said to die (xku-fa), but to 'go home'
[uku-goduka), and consequently are not
mourned for i uku-lila). Everybody else is
supposed to die an 'unnatural' death, which
is to be lamented.

Xeka (s. k.J, v. Put on or wear several
waist-bands (or izi-Fociya) at one time,
so as to form a broad belt, as might
a women. Cp. gxeka.

Xeka (Xheka), v. = xanta.

isi-Xeke (Xheke), n, = isi-Hleke, isi-Xobo.

um-Xeke (s. k.), n. 5. Tall or long thing
made up of several jointed pieces (C.N.).

Xeketa (Xeketha),v. Be loose, shaky, not
tight or taut (= xega); have a loose
tongue, be always talking = yeketa.

Xeketisa (Xekethisa), v. Make a thing (ace.)
be loose, shaky, or not tight; let the
udder hang loosely, as a cow when ap-
proaching calving = xegisa, yeketisa.

um-Xeko (s. k.), n. o. Broad belt composed
of several izi-Fociya (q. v.) worn at the
same time. See xeka.

Xela (Xhela), v. Be choked, as by food

entering the windpipe (C.N.).
i-nXeleha, n. — see i-Nxeleha.
Xepu, ukuti (Xephu, ukuthi), v. = xepuka,

xepula.
Xepuka (Xephuka), v. = xehuka.
Xepula (Xephula), v. = xebula.

isi-Xexe legu, n. A combine or concert
against another, as to do him injury,
or exclude him from their society (=
i(li)-Ci ; cp. u(lu)-Mbimbi ; u(lu)-Zu-
ngu); person with a conspicuously broad
back (cp. isi-Xwembe).

i(li)-Xiba (Xhiba), n. A roughly-built or

XI

'makeshift' kind of hut, for merely tem-
porary purposes, or for cooking or keep-
ing goats in; hence, any old, dilapidat-
ed hut used for similar purposes (cp.
i(li)-Fokozi); small temporary watch-
hut, built in the fields (cp. is-Akamu-
kanya); company or party, into which
a larger body of people may be divided.
Xibilili, ukuti (Xibhilili, ukuthi; or more
freq. with s. b.), v. Be in a general dis-
order, confusion or muddled state, as
people, things or affairs = ukuti xaka-
lala, bixilili.

i-nXibilili (Xibhilili, or more freq. s. b.), n.
= izi-Xibilili.

isi or more freq. izi-Xibilili, n. People,
things or affairs in a general state of
disorder, confusion or muddle = ubu-
Xakalala.

XVbu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Make a single cut
with the hoe or spade, when turning
over the soil.

Xibula, v. Dig up, as the ground (ace), or
potatoes therein. Cp. mba.

XVfi, ukuti (Xhifl, ukuthi), v. = xifiza.

Xifiza (Xhifiza), v. = cifiza.

Xika (s.k.),v. Anoint the body (ace.) ex-
cessively, 'make it run' with oil or
grease (with nga or ace). Cp. gcoba.

X'iki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. Be 'running'
with oil or grease, as after an excessive
anointing of the body or hair = xika.

i(li)-Xikiva (Xhikiva), n. Slovenly, untidy,
careless, indolent person == i(li)-Vamba.
See xikiza.

ama-Xikixiki (Xhtkixhiki), n. Dirtiness or
untidiness, about a thing or an action;
the dirty, untidy thing itself, as an un-
washed vessel, a dirty-bodied boy, food
droppings all over a table or floor, or
an untidily kept or badly built hut =
ama-Dhlikidhliki.

Xikiza (Xhikiza), v. Make anything (ace.)
be in a disordered, untidy, dirty state,
as a goat a hut by pulling about the
thatch, a child food by dropping it all
about, or its clothes by tearing them
= dhlikiza.

um-Xiliba (Xhiliba), n. 5. Muscle on each
side of the neck when drawn tight and
prominent by old age, as in an old wo-
man.

i(li)-Xilongo, n. (C.N.) Natal corruption of
i(li)- Cilong o.

Xina (Xhina), v. Cause one (ace.) distress
by hampering his movements or free-
action, as a strict master, or excessive
work, or sick children by keeping one
at home against his will.

XI

703

X0

Xinana (Xhinana),v. Dish-ess or tamper
mutually, as crowded people, stuffed
nostrils, etc. (C.N.).

Xinanisa (Xhinanisa), v. Make be so dis-
tressed or hampered, as above (C.N.).

Xinaniseka (Xhinaniseka), v. Get made,
i.e. be, so distressed or hampered, as
above (C.N.).

Xinanisela (Xhinanisela), v. Cause one
(ace.) to be hampered or distressed mu-
tually; hence, stop bis breath, as by
holding the hand over his mouth (C.N.).

Xineka (Xhineka), v. Get distressed or
hampered in one's movements or free-
action, as by urgent work or sick chil-
dren winch keep one persistently at
home (used in peri'.).

Xinela (Xhinela),v. 'Woo' the cow (ace.)
i.e. persistently and lovingly go along-
side of it, as does the bull (for the
actual mounting, see zeka, kwela).

Xinelela (Xhinelela), v. Constrain one (ace.)
to do, i.e. distress or inconvenience him
until he do; constrain or force oneself
to do something disliked, as when
taking disagreeable medicine (C.N.).

Xinga (alone, or in reflect, form with si), v.

Show off, be conceited or proud of oik's

fine trappings, figure or appearance, go
/ proudly along, as a young man rigged

up in all his finery = qenya, fehla, fe-

fenyeka; cp. nakaza.
Xingazela, v. = xinga.

Xingova, v. Mix up together, as food-stuffs
(ace), affairs, or people so that they
quarrel.

i(li)-Xingovu, n. Strife-causing person, who
'mixes' people up, puts them at logger-
heads; species of .caterpillar or /'(//)-
Cimbi of a variegated black-and-white
colour, commonly found on the um-
Ganu tree; hence, anything of a grey
checkered colour, as cloth.

X6, ukuti or ukutana (Xhb, ukuthi), v. Be
equal to, of exactly the same size, as
any two things = ukuba izitupa; cp.
ukuti xatuxolo, vate.

Ex. x/itene xo, they are exactly equal.

Xoba, v. Get something extra out of one

(C.N.) ; also = hloma.
i(li)-Xoba, n. Reward given one for some

work well done (C.N.). See i(li)-Xosho.

Xobeka (s. k.), v. = hlomeka.

Xobisa, v. Bother, trouble, worry, as an
outbreak of sickness in a kraal might
V^ the owner (ace), weeds a woman hoeing, |
y\ or one person another by some annoy-
ing treatment. Cp. qoba.

Xobiseka (s.k.),v. Get so bothered, trou-
bled, or worried, ;is above ( used in perf.).

isi-Xobo (Xhobo),n. Great collection of
large stones or rocks aboul in one place,

as on the lops and side- of lOme hills;
hence, such rocky place (cp. isi-Qogo);
group, as of people standing together;
cluster, clump, as of mealies growing
thickly together, trees, or tambootie-
grase (the thought referring to the close
collection of things above ground
isi-Xeke, isi-Hleke; cp. isi-Qundu). Cp.
i(li)-Xongo; isi-Xuku; i(li)-Viyo; isi-
Qumbi.

Xobonga, v. = xokoiui.

i(li)-Xobongo, n. = i(li)-Xokovu.

i-nXobongo, n. — i-nGxobongo.

isi-X6fuxofu, n. (C.N.) — isi-Hamfuhamfu.

Xoka (s.k.), v. Tell lies (C.N. Er. Xo.) [Mpo.
noka, tell lies).

i(li)-Xoki (s.k.),n. Person intolerable to

others by the trouble he causes, by his
bad temper, fault finding or quarrel-
some nature; (C.N. fr. Xo.) liar.

ubu-Xoki (s.k.),n. Nature of a person or
quality of action as above.

Xokola (Xhokola), v. Dig out, cut out, or

'chisel' out, in a pecking kind of a way
with an isi-Xokolo or similar instrument,
as the first portion of a mealie-pit (ace.),
or a hole for planting a tree; in = xo-
losa.

isi-Xokolo (Xhokolo), n. Short stick with
an old hoe-iron stuck in the end and
used for digging or pecking out the
earth at the mouth of a new mealie-pit
(= isi-Xoloso) ; large collection of large
stones or rocks (= isi-Xobo).

Xokololo, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = xoko-

zela.
isi-Xokololo (s.k.),n. Confused hubbub or

noise of general loud talking, as at a

beer-drink or quarrel.

Xokova (Xhokova), v. Make anything cue.)
in a rough, ugly-looking, imperfeel kind
of way, as a make-shift hut, a roughly-
made mat Tor some purpose, or an un-
skilled person attempting to make an
earthen-pot; hence, make look ugly, as
small-pox a person (ace.) = xobonga.

i(li)-Xokovana (Xhokovana), n. dim. of fol-
lowing.

i(li)-Xokovu (Xhokovu), n. Anything of a
badly, roughly or imperfectly made na-
ture, as a poorly-made hut, a mat rough-
ly prepared for any common need, or
an earthen-pot made by one without
any skill i(li)-Xobongo.

xo

704

XO

Xokozela (s. k.), v. Make a confused hub-
bub, as a lot of men talking louding or
wrangling together at a beer-drink =
ukuti xokololo; cp. wekezela.

Xola, v. Be at peace, as people or a coun-
try (C.X. fr. Xo.).
Xola (Xhola), v. Enquire closely (C.X.).

Xolela, v. Be at peace for a person (ace.)

i. e. make it up with him, pardon him

(C.X. fr. Xo.).
i(li)-Xolo (often used in plur. ama-Xolo), n.

Bark (rough or smooth), of a tree;

small veldt-plant [Sw. gome, bark].

u(lu)-Xolo, n. Peace; pardon (C.X. fr. Xo.).

Xolosa (Xholosa), v. Castrate a dog (ace.)
— only used of this animal (see tena);
limp, as a person when lame (= xuga) ;
also = xokola.

isi-Xoloso (Xholoso), n. = isi-Xokolo.

i-nXolovana, n. (X) = i-nGxobongo.

Xoma (Xhoma), v. Baise on high (C.X.
fr. Xo.).

Xomeka (Xhomeka), v. Live uncomfortably
(C.X. fr. Xo.).

i(li)-Xongo, ?i. Small cluster or group, as
of three or four people standing; gen.
used in plur. ama-Xongoxongo, separated
groups or clusters of people standing
about here and there in one place, as
' crowds ' of people attending a wedding-
dance or garden-party (= ama-Wongo-
tvongo ) — not gen. applied to parties or
people sitting (see ama-Henqahenqa).
Cp. isi-Xuku; i(li)-Viyo; isi-Qumbi.

Xonxa (Xhonxa),v. Plant (by the hand)
seeds (ace.) of any kind too closely to-
gether, as pumpkins, potatoes, etc. (=
xoxa ) — for broadcast sowing when too
thick, see fumba, cinana; also (C.X.) =
xoxa generally.

i(li)-Xonxo (Xhonxo), n. A planting too
closely together, as above; ox with horns
coming closely round together, one in
front of the other before the face (cp.
i(li)-Nxele); also (C.X.) = i(li)-Xoxo.

i-nXonxo,rc. Certain piece of meat adjoining
the thigh-joint, or the place where it lies.

i(li)-Xonya, n. (C.X.) = i(li)-Cacane.

Xonza (Xhonza), v. (C.X.) = xoza.

Xopa (Xhopha), v. Hurt the eye (ace.) in
any way so as to render it unable to
look, as anything striking it, a particle
entering it, or anything dazzling it -
mostly transposed into passive form
xoshwa.

S.I'. The Xative method for removing a
foreign body from the eye is to hold apart
the Eds and vigorously blow into it, or some-
times by licking the eyeball.

um-Xopo (Xhopho), n. 5. Species of inarsh-
grass, used for thatching; (now nearly
obsolete) marshy place; thing of a dark-
green colour (darker than the i(li)-Bu-
ma).

Phr. 'so-la'mxopo 1 'so-la'mxopo.' hade nyi-
bekile; nya! eye of the marsh! long have
I been looking (for you); but nothing ap-
pears — a common ejaculation of one who
has long expected or waited for a person
who never arrives.

Xosha, v. Drive away, as a cow (ace.) from
a field, a person from a kraal, or an
army the enemy ( properly used only of
such things as can run, hence not usual-
ly of flies, a headache, etc.); drive
away along with, i. e. chase after, pur-
sue, as a dog chasing a buck (ace.) in
order to catch it (= huba); get or re-
ceive a present, reward, or token of fav-
our, as a man receiving a beast (ace.)
from the chief generally in recognition
of some services rendered [Ga. goba,
drive; Xo. gxota; Bo. engata].

i(li)-Xoshelo, n. Pertinacity of pursuit, as
in a dog that does not quickly give up
the chase (C.X.).

isi-Xoshi, n. Man who has been favoured
by the chief with a present, as a token
of regard or recognition.

Xoshisa. v. Cause a person to receive,
i.e. give him, a present (doub. ace.)
by way of showing regard or recogni-
tion of services, as might a chief.

i(li)-Xosho, n. Present of a beast, an
i-nGxota, etc., made by a chief to a man
as a token of regard or thanks for ser-
vices rendered.

Xova, v. Mix up by kneading or pressure,
anything (ace.) of- a thick consistency,
as mortar or dough ; mix up people (ace.)
in strife, as a mischievous gossiper (=
xaba); mix up one's talk or an affair
(ace), saying one thing here and another
there, etc. ; have sexual intercourse with
a female (ace.) externally (obscene =
jeka) [Her. hoveka, mix].

i-nX6vanxova, n. Mixed-up, muddled affair;
disorderly state of things; disturbing,
muddling action or conduct, mixing
affairs or people up in a turmoil or
confusion = i-nXakanxaka.

isi-Xovi, n. Mischievous person who, by
his talk, mixes up affairs and brings
people into strife = i(H)-Xungebe.

Xoxa, v. Tell, r elate ( in a social, not for-
mal or official manner), as a story or
occurrence (ace), to a person (ace. with
ela form = hawuza, zeka, landisa ) ; talk
nicely with, i. e. woo ( conversationally),

xu

with na or loc.

705
qomi- I

XU

a girl (ace, or
sa).

Xoxa (Xhoxha), v. Poke away at with the
pointed end of any instrument; hence,
press with a spoon, as fat meat (ace.)
when boiling so as to get out the juice,
or iibu-bende so as to soften the small
lumps of meat; poke or thrust away at
one (ace.) with the point of a stick, as
a man might an adversary who has
fallen; poke away at the ground with
one's staff, as a Native might when
standing waiting, or a hoy when being
scolded; also = xonxa.

i(li)-Xoxo,w. Pleasant talk or conversation
about any light topics, adventures, etc.
(with uku-dhla, hlala— see xoxa); any
kind of frog or toad (= i(li)-Sele).

i(li)-Xoxo (Xhoxho), n. Fat pressed out of
fat-meat while Coiling (see xoxa); such
piece of fat-meat after the juice has
been pressed out.

Xoxoma, v. = cocoma, xaxama.

Xoza, v. Knock or chop away any external
irregularities (ace), as knots or twigs
from the outside of a stick (ace.) or si-
milar wooden thing; chip off small
pieces from a stake (ace.) and the like,
in order to point or shape it evenly ;
knock off the grains (ace.) from a mealie-
cob (acc.j, gen. by knocking it with
another held firmly within the palm (cp.
gumma, hulula).

i(li)-Xoza (Xhoza), n. Large, powerful male
dog (of any breed — cp. i(li)-Calaha) ; one
of the Cape Colony Kafirs.

i-nXoza (no plur.J.n. Fibre or fibres, for
Native sewing, gen. obtained from the
tmm-Nga and similar trees; hence, freq.
applied to any kind of fibre.

Xozeka (Xhozeka), v. Be chippable ( as
above — see xoza) i.e. be miserably thin,
merely skin and bone, the latter pro-
truding like knots all over the body.

Xozomela, v. = dhlozomela.

isi-Xozomeli, n. One of a hot violent tem-
perament.

Xuba, v. Mingle together, mix up together
(trans.) as different kinds of beads (ace),
mealies with Kafir-corn, sheep with
goats = xubanisa, pitikeza [Sw. unga],

Xuba (Xubha),v. Rinse the teeth (ace)
with water after eating (= xukn.ni ) ; also
= Mukuhla.

Xubana, v.

traits.).
Xubanisa,?'
i(li)-Xube, n

or

Mingle

or mix

together

( in-

mingling

= xuba.
A mixed-up

thing, mixture
together of different kinds,

used

as a

i in.' ■

love-

Insipid, under

as different kinds of sioc|<, varieties of
beads, etc. = i(li)-Xubevange, i(li)-Va-
nge.

Xubela, v. Mix up for (ace).

Ex. ulcu-xubcla intombi, to mix m
dicine | tor a girl — to he
charm.

um-Xubeni (Xubheni), n. 5.

fermented um w-Nyuza.
i(li)-Xubevange, n. = i(li)-Xube.

Xubeza, v. Mix or mingle together (=
xubanisa); be turning grey, as a man
growing old.

isi-Xubo, n. — i(li)-Dhlula.

u-Xubugwegwe, n. (C.N.) = um-Qumbu-

kwekwe.
i(li)-Xubungu, a. Person of a noisily gay

disposition, fond of boisterous play or

merry-making.
Xubuza (Xubhuza), v. = gxubuza; also

(C.N.) = xumbuza.
Xuga, v. Go or walk lame, as a man or

beast with a painful foot (= hluzela,

quia); also = xega [Her. tukara, go

paralysed].

Xuka, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v.=.ukuti tutu,
ukuti tika.

i(li)-Xukazi (Xhukazi), n. Young ewe that
has not yet had a lamb.

i(li)or isi-Xuku (s.k.), n. Group, as of people
or cattle (about a dozen); clump or cluster
of things standing together, as mealies
or tambootie grass. Cp. i(li)-Xo)igo;
i(li)-Viyo; i(li)-Hlokova; isi-Qumbi ; isi-
Xobo [Skr. varga, multitude; Lat. vul-
gus, the common 'crowd'].

um-Xuku (s. k.), n. 5. Mixture of utshwala
dregs and crushed boiled mealies, eaten
mostly by women.

isi-Xukulu (s.k.),n. Big, protruding mouth
with prognathous jaws, like an ape. Cp.
isi-Mbengce.

isi-Xukushwana (s. k.), n. Small group or
cluster.

Xukuxa (s.k.),v. Shake or pull about vig-
orously, as a stake (ace) when with-
drawing it from the ground; take the
life out of one (ace), thoroughly exhaust
or fatigue him, as heavy work or a tir-
ing journey (= tuba); take by the ear,
pull the ear (ace. or with nga), as a
naughty child (ace); impress thoroughly
on a person (ace.), as an order or mes-
sage sent from higher authority ( la-
yisisa); also (C.N.) = xuba (xubha)
[Her. huka, shake violently; Sw. sul.it-
suka, shake].

Ex. wamgwaxa, wamxukucea, lie stahbed

15

XU 706

him aud shook him about (by working the
assegai vigorously iu the wound).

Xukuxeka (s. k.), v. Be in a knocked-up
condition, get thoroughly exhausted, as
by heavy work or walking ( used in per-
fect); be in prime condition as to one's
body = tubeka.

um-Xukuxo (s. k.),n. 5. Medicine used for
flatulence, from the tree um-Kuhlu (C.N.).

Xuku xuku, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = xu-
kuza.

Xukuza (s.k.),v. Shake up or about vig-
orously, as a person a calabash (ace.)
of amasi or a bottle of medicine, or a
wagon a person (ace.) riding therein;
hence, metaphor, harass ; rake out the
inside — a certain method of Native
medicinal treatment, chiefly for an isi

XWA

hilo q. v., — by taking an um-Xukuzo
whether by mouth or as an enema =
kuxuza [Her. huka, shake violently;
Sw. sukasuka, shake].
um-Xukuzo (s. k.), n. 5. Any one of the sev-
eral plants used medicinally for xuku-
za q. v.

Xula, v. Grab at a person (ace.) or thing,
or as a dog at a stranger (ace.) in a
kraal; take impetuously, grab up or out
of, as a person taking from the food-pot
while still on the fire, a child grabbing
at the food (ace.) being brought in, or
a person withdrawing without consider-
ation from another's small food-supply.
Cp. hlwita.

isi-Xula, n. Pied Kingfisher (Cerylerudis);
by some applied to the Blue or Half-col-
lared Kingfisher (Alcedo semitorquata);
also to isi-Xulamasele q. v.

isi-Xula-masele, n. Stilt (Himantopus can-
didus); also applied by some to the
Spoonbill (Platalea alba); also to the
isi-Xula, q. v.

Xuma (Xhuma),v. Spring up, spring about,
spring along, as an umngoma when
dancing, a boy dancing wildly about, a
wild ox when held by a reim, or a buck
when running; join something (ace.) on
to the end of a thing so as to make it
longer, as one piece of string on to an-
other (= xumelela).

Xumbu, ukuti (Xumbhu, ukuthi), v. Make
the plumping noise of any heavy body
falling into deep water; hence, plunge
through, as a drift with the water about
one's knees; plunge in, fall in, throw
in, etc., as into a deep pool = ukuti
gqumbu.

Xumelela (Xhumelela), v. Join or fasten
something (ace.) on to the end of ano-
ther thing so as to make it longer, as

one piece of string on to another, or
extra oxen on to a span = xuma, fake-
lela, lungelela.

isi-Xumu (Xhumu), n. Obstinately conten-
tious, cross-tempered, strife-seeking per-
son ( = isi-Xuta ) ; young of buck, of
any kind ( cp. i(li)- Wundhlu ).

Xunga,?;. = dung a (mostly used by women).

Xungazela, v. Make turbid, as the water
(ace.) boiling for beer-making, by mixing
therewith a little mabele-dough = du-
ng azela.

i(li)-Xungebe, n. Mischievous talker, mis-
chief-maker = isi-Xovi.

Xungula (Xhungula), v. Pick up the hair
(ace.) with a thorn, so that it stand
puffed out in a frizzy fashion, as when
combed.

u(lu)-Xushela, n. = u(lu)-Cushela.

Xuta (Xhutha),v. Have an excessively moist,
'oily' skin (disliked by the Natives);
behave or speak to one (ela form and
ace.) in a cross-tempered, quarrelsome
manner, as a surly strife-loving man
(= Xutuzela).

isi-Xuta (Xhutha),n. Person with an
excessively moist, 'oily' skin; also =
isi-Xumu.

Xutuzela (Xhuthuzela), v. = xuta.

Xuxu, ukuti (Xhuxhu, ukuthi), v. — xuxuze-
la.

Xuxu ma (Xhuxhuma), v. Spring about,
struggle, as a calf, when tied, to get
free; be restless, smuggling with strong-
desire, as a child to get away to play.

Xuxuzela (Xhuxhuzela),v. Rumble, as wind
in the stomach (nom.), with a liquid
sound and pain, as when the bowels
are loose with diarrhoea ( cp. kokoza ) ;
also = Xapazela.

\s\-Xuxwana (Xhuxhwa?ia), n. Young of the
goat, sheep, and like animals. Cp. isi-
Xumu; i(li)-Wundhlu.

um-Xwagele, n. 5. Bald Ibis (Ibis calva).

Xwala (Xhwala — pert', xwalile), v. Go
wrong radically, get into a chronically
bad state, become corrupted, as a per-
son morally (intliziyo), or physically,
as to the stomach, etc. Comp. onakala.

i(li)-Xwala (Xhwala), n. Consumption, in
man (cp. u(lu)-Fuba); certain lung-
disease in cattle ; also = isi-Xwala.

y. B. A person who dies of i-Xwala is
Dot mourned or wailed for (kakalelwa).

isi-Xwala (Xhwala), n. Person gone wrong
(morally), become bad or corrupted.

isi-Xwanguxwangu (Xhwanguxhwangu), n.
Surly-tempered, bad-natured person, who

XWA 707

cannot be touched or spoken to without
growling at one.
Xwanguza (Xhwanguza), v. Act in an irri-
table, bad-tempered manner, as a surly,
tetchy individual.

Xwasa, v. = cwasa.

Xwata (Xhivatha), V. = baclhla.

Ex. umuntu onyaxwatile, a person who

has not yet got thoroughly boiled, /. c. is
still wild and unsobered, as a young man.
Cp. riilirti.

Xwaya.v. Be cautious (used in peri'.), on one's
guard, on the look out (with ela form
and ace. of thing avoided); fight shy
of, keep away from, avoid, as any object
(ace.) of suspicion or danger, keep away
from one (ace), dislike him, not readily
take to him, as certain kinds of food or
country to which one is not accustomed
(used in perf.); have a 'shy' appearance,
not bright and freshly green, be dried up,
as the veldt in the summer when burnt
up by sun and drought (used in perf.).

Xwayeka (s.k.),v. Be avoidable; be suspi-
cious-looking.

i(li)-Xwayela, n. Quick-eyed, cautious-going
person, habitually on his guard.

Xwayisa, v. Caution or warn a person
(ace.) against anything (with nga or ku),
put on one's guard.

Ex. uku-xivayin'antcldo, to put the eyes
on the look-out — as a cautious person with
suspicions aroused.

isi-Xwayixwayi, n. Scoundrel, scamp (C.N.).

isi-Xwazi, n. Internal injury or contusion,
or pain therefrom, remaining from an
old blow on the body, generally about

YA
the ribs = isi-Lalo; cp. i(li)-Tubuyela.
isi-Xwe (Xhwe),n. = i(li)-Bimbi.

isi-Xwebedu, a. Person having a broad
back and loins isi-Xwembe.

um-Xwebesi (Xwebhesi), v. 5. Trousers when
big, baggy and fulling at the seat; wearer
thereof (N).

Xwebula, v. = xebula.

i(li)-Xwele (Xhwele), n. Great snuff-taker,
hemp-smoker, or beer-drinker, i.e. very
fond of partaking of those things. Com p.
i(li)-Rroza.

um-Xwele (Xhwele), n. Throat (internal),
of man or beast (= um-Vimbo ) ; hence,
inner feelings of a man, 'heart,' con-
sciousness, mind, life—the throat being
generally pointed to as the seat of those
faculties or emotions (= um-Pimbo,
i-nTliziyo ).

Ex. usahlexi ngomxwele for ngentlixiyo),

he stills exists by his throat, i.e. he is still
merely breathing, life is not quite extinct;
or may be used hiberniee.

Phr. ukii-m-hlaba umxivele for intlixiyo),
to make one's heart rejoice, please him, do
according to his taste.

i-nXweleha, n. — see i-Nxeleha.

isi-Xwembe (Xweembhe), n. Any broadly
spread-out, flat thing ; hence, very broad-
backed person ; certain kind of large broad
wooden-spoon or ladle for serving out
food or eating ubu-bende (= i-nGxwembe,
isi-Pakuluzi; cp. isi-Foboza).

isi-Xwexwe, n. Broad, thin, flat plate of a
thing (whether quite rigid or only stii'l-
ish), as oil-cloth, sheet of zinc, or a
pane of glass = isi-Bebe; comp. u(lu)-
Bembechi, i(li)-Keke.

Yin Zulu is sounded as in English c. y. as
in the word yelloir.

Y is, in Zulu as in English, a semi-
vowel, being simply the vowel i coming be-
fore another vowel into which it glides, form-
ing a diphthong. Like the ir, however, it pre-
serves much more of the pure vowel-sound
than in English, and, when preceding another
i, is to English ears so weak and indistinct
that its presence is oftentimes quite overlooked
— a fact which has led many to write, though
incorrectly, such words as ai (no) and u-gwai
(tobacco), instead of ayi and u-gwayi.

All words of the 3rd. class, having the pre-
fix i-n and the root apparently commencing
with a }', will be found entered under Ny, we
having preferred, in accordance with our rule
concerning vowels occurring in a similar posi-
tion, to regard the n in such cases as a part

of the root, the prefix therefore becoming mere-
ly a short i. Such words must accordingly
be sought for under N.

Ya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti yo.

Ya, atisc. verb. part, used in formation of

pres. prog, and future tenses.
Ya, v. Go (for ' walk' — see hamba) [Skr.
ya, gu, gam, go; Hi. j ana; Ar. r</// ;
Lat. vado, eo; OB. da; Her. ya, go; za,
go away; Bo. etc. ta; Be. uiya; Suk.
dyaga; At. ka; Ila. za; Ibo. ga ; Ev.yiJ.
Ex. kakulungi, kuya ngoba, it does nol do
well, because {lit. it is or goes becaue
kuya ngani ukuba, why is it that, etc.
baye-pi? when' have they gone?
kuyiwe ngapi' whereabouts are you going
to,? or, where have they gone toV [lit. it is
going, or gone, to where aboute).

45*

YA 708 YA

us'eye pandkle, he has already gone out- Yabiza, v. = ukuti yabi

(for

side ( of the hut

usaya ngapandhle, he is gone out
the necessities of nature, to stool).

ngisimxe ngaya emva, ngaya pambili, I
just went backwards and forwards (as when
continually going about on a fruitless errand).

bengiya >ial<> ixwi lako, I was going along
with, acting in accordance with, your advice
or orders.

wadimde waya nabo nje (umkuhlane), it
( the fever) just went off with them (as when
driving them along nolens voleus).

ibanga lingakanani, ukuya nokubuya? how
far is it. there and back'?

kuya ngokuya, it goes by goings or comings
thereto i.e. by gradual degrees, each one
coming gradually thereto in his proper time
or turn (not all at once), as the privileges
of adult age, any work taken in turns, etc.

(ieala) laya ngokuya likula, it (the law-
case) got gradually bigger as it went along.

mou! eliraud/tle ngnbe icayawaya, oh! to
sea! you would be gone for good and all, it
would be as good as perishing outright.

kungiyile ukuba (kumyile, etc.^, it has gone
for me that etc. = it has put me quite
at a loss to understand how that; it has
done for me, has that, etc. = kungimi,

ama-Ya (no sing.), n. Worthless thing, of no
use or consequence, as an insignificantly
small quantity of food, useless empty
talk, etc.

Ex. kwafa kuseng'amaya, it (the infant)
died while still a nothing (i.e. before be-
coming of any account as an umuntu).

Yaba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti yabi.

u(lu)-Yaba, n. Thing going loosely all over
the place — hence, swarm i. e. great wan-
dering number, as a man's very numer-
ous children, a great herd of cattle, or
swarm of locusts (= u(lu)-Buzela) ; per-
son leading a loose, vagrant life, going
about uncontrolled here and there as he
or she likes.

isi-Yabakazane (s.k.),n. = isi-Yabazane.

Yabaza, v. = yabiza.

isi-Yabazane, n. Craving or greedy desire,
as of a very thirsty or hungry person
for drink or food = isi-Yabakazane, isi-
Yangazane. Cp. i-nKivankwa.

Yabazela, v. Go loosely, carelessly, uncon-
trolled, about or along, as a man walk-
ing out with empty hands, an alarmed
person going hastily along careless of
persons or obstacles, or a girl leading an
uncontrolled, loose life = yatazela. Cp.
vabazela.

Yabi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Motion a person
(ace.) away with the hand = yabiza,
yabuza.

Yabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti laku; ukuti
yabi; ukuti yalu.

u(lu)-Yabu, n. Restless, roving person,
going continually about from place to
place; also = u(lu)-Yaba. See yabula.

Yabu la, v. Motion a person (ace.) away
with a swing of the hand (= yabiza);
pick or take up anything (ace.) smartly
(= lakuza); be restless, agitated, mov-
ing disturbedly or wildly about, as one
throwing himself about with pain, going
anxiously about seeking for something-
lost, water boiling furiously in a pot,
etc.; hence, throw oneself about from
pain, a thrashing, etc. (= yaluza ) ; look
or seek about everywhere (even with-
out anxiety) for anything (ace.) lost, as
among the goods in a hut, or a beast
about the veldt (= yalula); boil wild-
ly, as water (= yaluza ) ; go roving
about here and there, as from a restless
nature (= yaluza; see u(lu)-Yabu).

i(li)-Yabulani, n. = u(lu)-Yabu.

i-nYabule, n. — see i-Nyabule.

Yabu yabu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yabuzela,
ukuti yatu yatu.

Yabuzela, v. Go smartly or quickly along
= yatuzela.

Ex. ake uti yabu yabu for uyabuxcle),
uye 'kuka amanxi, just go along sharply and
fetch some water (from the spring).

Yaca, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yaca, ukuti ya-
paca.

Yaca, v. Rock bodily to and fro, splash
to and fro, as water in a bucket when
carried or, by comparison, in the sea,
or grain iii a basket when shaken = ya-
caka; yapaceka. Cp. kapa; yenda.

Ex. ake nyiye 'kuti yaca emfuleni, just let
me go and have a splash about in the river.
u(lu)-Yaca, n. Certain kind of loin-girdle
worn originally by girls and consisting
of a long fringe of ub-Endhle which en-
circled the whole body.

Yacaka (s. k.), v. = yaca, yapaceka; cp.
kapaka.

Yacaza, v. Make so to rock to and fro,
as above.

Yafu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Waft upon, whiff
towards a person, as a smell of any kind.

u m - Y a g a y i , n. 5. (N) = um-Hayihayi
(Append.).

Yaizi, int. = yayizi.

Yaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Be brightly
green or bluish, as new grass or clear
water — ukuti ewe.

isi-Yaka (s. k.), n. Bunch of long feathers

YA

worn at the back of the head; (C.N.)
very white tail of an ox.

um-Yaka or YSkayaka (s. k.), n. 5. An isi-
Giyo or isi-Bongo given to a wildly
courageous warrior who rushes boldly
on the foe, creating disorder right and
left.

Ex. umyakayaka ongd'fu! a desperately
brave fellow who comes ou overpoweringly
like a great cloud!

i(li)-Ya-kade (s.k.),n. Long coming or
future time (C.N.).

Ex. kivoba iyahndc ngikuqomisa, it will
be for a long time that I shall woo you,
i.e. I am not going to give up because
I meet with difficulties at the start.

Yakasha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. Rush wild-
ly in among, throw oneself with uncon-
trolled bravery upon the foe.

Yakasheka (s. k.), v. = ukuti yakasha.

i-nYakato, n. — see i-Nyakato.

ama-Yakayaka (s. k. — no sing.,), n. Dis-
orderly mop of a thing, as a head of
long hair hanging dishevelled about, an
ear of imfe when drooping loosely about
on all sides instead of being compact
and upright, or the thatch on a hut when
blown about in all directions by the wind.

Yakaza (s. k.), v. Rinse out, as a bottle
(ace.) or basin with water.

Yakazela (s.k.),v. Rush courageously,
wildly on or among the foe, dealing
death right and left, as a brave.

Yake (Yakhe), poss. adj. His, her, its —
see ake.

i-nYakeni, n. - see i-Nyakeui.

Yako (Yakho), poss. adj. Thy - - see ako.

Yala, v. = laya.

i(li)-Yala or Yali, n. Certain thorny climb-
ing plant (Smilax Kraussiana), used
for making hut-doors = i-nGqaqabulani.

i-nYala, n. — see i-Nyala.

Yalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti zalala.

Yalaza, v. Rub over gently, so as to ren-
der fine or smooth, as snuff with the
stone when grinding, or fine soil over
seed in a box (cp. lolonga) ; speak gentle
words to a person (ace), as when
soothing anger or smoothing away
some misunderstanding = leleza.

Yale, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Breath one's last,
give up the ghost, depart life — yale-
la, ukuti laye.

Ex. kuyikati yale, it (the ox) is not
quite dead yet.

Yaleka (s. k.), v. — layeka.

Yalela, v. = layela; also = ukuti yale.

709 YA

Yaleza, v. = layeza; also ukuti yale.

Yalezela, v. = layezela.

isi or um-Yalezelo, ?/. 5. Order delivered

as message ••- see layazela.
i-nYali, «. — see i-Nyali.
isi-Yalijana, n. = isi-Halijana.
Yalo, poss. adj. Its — see alo.

um-Yalo, n. 5. Direction, order, command-
ment, admonition, etc. — see laya (M).

Yalu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Burst up or break
forth on all sides or everywhere at
once, as seed sprouting up all over a
field at the same time (= ukuti dhlenu),
or an eruption over the body; burst
forth with commotion, as water from
a spring, or the water at the middle
of a boiling pot (== y alula).

isi-Yalu, n. Spring, of water; an un-
intelligible, muddled-up affair; person
whose eyes have the iris unnaturally
high, showing the white of the ball
below, so that he seems to look out
from under the eyelids = isi-Petu.

u(lu)-Yalu, n. (C.N.) Mixture of pumpkin
and mealies (cp. isi-Hiya); person with
eyes as above — see isi-Yalu.

Yaluka (s. k.), v. Get bursted or broken
forth, as above— see ukuti yalu; break
forth intellectually i. e. come to the use
of one's reason, or to one's senses, as
a child beginning to show under-
standing, or a drunken man coming
round again.

Yalukisa (s.k.), v. Cause one (ace.) to come
to his reason or senses, open his eyes,
by giving him advice or explanations
about any matter (ace. or more com.
with nga).

Yalu I a, v. Search everywhere about for
something (ace.) lost, as among the goods
in a hut, or all about the veldt; burst
forth or up in commotion, as water at
a spring, or at the middle of a pot
boiling furiously (= ukuti yalu).

i(li)-Yalule, n. = i(li)-Bukazana.

Yalu yalu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yaluza.

isi-Yaluyalu, n. Anything in a state

of
of

commotion, or general confusion
movement, as the waters of a rapid, or
a crowd of people moving wildly about.
Yaluza or Yaluzela, v. Move restlessly
about, be in a state of agitated move-
ment or commotion, as a person in great
pain, a boy when being punished, water
when boiling furiously or in the rapids
of a river, or a person or beast roving
restlessly about the country, or the eyes
of a person (see isi-Yalu) when rolling

YA 710

about and showing the whites. Cp. ya-
bula; y alula; ukuti yalu yalu; janqu-
za.

i-nYama, n. — see i-Nyama.

i-nYamazane, n. — see i-Nyamazane.

i(li), isi or um-Yambazi (Yambhazi), n.
Porridge made of crushed Kafir-corn,
or sometimes mealies = i(li)-Qaslia. Cp.
umu-Nyma.

Yambe, ukuti (Yambhe, ukuthi), v. Cover
slightly with some overspreading thing,
as a heap of corn (ace.) left outside by
slightly covering it with grass, a new
hut by hastily putting on a little tem-
porary thatch, or a sleeping child by
throwing over him a small cloth or
blanket; cover up one's feelings, so as
not to let appear in one's speech or
actions how angry, displeased, etc., one
is = yambeza, ukuti yembe.

Yambeza (Yambheza), v. == ukuti yambe.

Yami, ]>oss. adj. My — see ami.

i-nYanda, n. — see i-Nyanda.

i-nYandezulu, n. — see i-Nyandezulu.

Yandhlu yandhlu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ya-
ndhluza.

Yandhluza, v. Get thrown or tossed wild-
ly about in every direction, as a cloth
hanging out, boughs of a tree, corn in
a field, before a furious gust of wind,
or the bed-clothes of a restless sleeper.

i-nYandula, n. — see i-Nyandula.

i-nYanga, n. — see i-Nyanga.

i-nYanga, n. — see i-Nyanga.

isi-Yanga or Yangayanga, n. Baboon =

i-mFene.
Yanga yanga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yangaza.

Yangaza or Yangazela, v. Look about mov-
ing the eyes shamefully here and there,
as a child caught doing wrong (from
consciousness of guilt), or who has
received nothing at a distribution of
good things (from disappointment), or
who is agitated or alarmed in the pre-
sence of a scolding parent whose attitude
is threatening, etc. Cp. bakaza.

isi-Yangazane, n. = isi-Yabazane.

i-nYango, n. — see i-Nyango.

ubu-Yanquyanqu, n. = ubu-Yaluyalu.

Yanquza, v. = yaluza.

-Yantlukano, n. — see iy-Antlukano.

-nYantula, n. — see i-Nyaniula.

-nYanyadu, n. — see i-Nyanyadu.

Yapaca, ukuti (Ydphaca, ukuthi), v. (C.N.)
= ukuti yaca.

Yapaceka (Yaphaceka), v. (C.N.) = yacaka.

YE

Yape, ukuti (Yaphe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
shalu.

Yapeza (Yapheza), v. = shaluza.

Yaso, ])oss. adj. Its — see aso.

isi-Yatanga (Yathanga), v. = i(li)-Hatanga.

i(li)-Yatayata (Ydthayatha), n. = i(li)-Ha-
tanga.

Yatazela (Yathazela), v. = yabazela.

i-nYatelo, n. — see i-Nyatelo.

i-nYati, n. — see i-Nyati.

i-nYatuko, n. — see i-Nyatuko.

Yatu yatu, ukuti (Ydthu ydthu, ukuthi), v.

= ukuti yabu yabu.
i(li) or isi-Yatuyatu (Yathuyathu),n. Smart,

quick walker. See yatuzela.

Yatu ze I a (Yathuzela), v. = yabuzela.
Yavu yavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yavuza.

i(li)-Yavuyavu, n. One who talks merrily
away without cessation, as an amiable
gossiper at a beer-drink.

Yavuza, v. Talk away merrily without ces-
sation, as above; also = hhavuza.

Yawo, ])oss. adj. Its ; their — see axvo.

isi-Yaya, n. String of feathers worn as an
ornamental circlet round the neck ; also
sometimes (incorrectly) applied to ubu-
Tekwane.

Yayateka (Yayatheka), v. Run quickly
along or about in a nervous, agitated
manner, as a boy in search of his mas-
ter's property he has lost, or away
from any fearful thing. Cp. papateka.

i(li)- Yayateka (Yayatheka), n. A running,
nervous fellow ; a coward (=i(li)-Gwala).

Ya ya ya, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ivatu.

Ex. ngafwmanisa ntshwala, ngasengiti ya
ya ya, I came across some beer and had a
good drink.

Yayizi, int. shouted to scare off an ox or
wild-beast when attacking anything, or
(by comparison) to the chief or a brave
displaying himself at the um-Kosi or
uku-giya = hayizi.

Yayo,poss. adj. Its; their — see ayo.

Yaza, v. = ukuti ya, yola.

Yazo, poss. adj. Their — see azo.

i(li)-Ye, n. Large ant, frequently seen car-
rying about bits of grass; person given
to carrying about tales and reports (=
i-nTateli).

isi-Yebukana (Yebhukaua), n. = i(li)-Bu-
kazana.

Yebo, adv. Yes, in giving a simple affirm-
ative or assenting reply, or in starting
off an important statement or declara-

YE

tion (cp. ayi-ke); indeed? is it so? in
expressing amazement at a statement
made. Comp. ehe [Sw. ivo; Ya. helo;
Kam. vifo; Khu. vivo; Ga. ye; Ba. ya;
Her. iya\.
Yebuya or Yebuya bo, int. Heigh! as when
shouting after a distant person to draw
his attention, call him hack, or arrest
his action; also used metaphor, for ex-
pressing admiration (by drawing atten-
tion of others), for checking or reprov-
ing, etc.

Ex. yebuya bo! kutiwa kuy'indoda, I say!
oh my ! they say this is a man — as a rude
boy might call out to his companions when
making sport of an old man or cripple.

' ixintsi ingvbo oitlc ka'Bani/* ' Yebuya
bo; uyangibinqa', 'here's a nice dress of
So-and-so's 1 ' 'Have done! stay that talk!
you are speaking sarcastically of me'.

i(li)-Yece, n. = i(li)-Cece.

isi-Yedi, n. (N) = isi-Yejane.

Ye-he-he (with final particle prolonged),
int. Oh my! just look! — expressing
merry surprise at anything. Cp. woshi,
ho-lo-lo.

Ex. ye-he-he! namp'abantu ! oh my! there
are people for you !

ye-he-he! uyabona %'aluka! there are fine
cattle for you! just look at them going out!
— shouted by a gleeful herdboy taking out
the cattle to graze.

Yehle, ukuti (tikuthi), v. Rattle, as a lot of
beads or bones together, or as the per-
son rattling them (ace.) ; hang numer-
ously dangling down, be loaded or in
loads, cover with abundance (used pro-
perly of hanging things ), as a great
quantity of fruit on a tree, toys on a
Christinas tree, a lot of gourds suspen-
ded from a hut-roof, or ( metaphor.) a
great abundance of pumpkins in a field,
seeds of the black-jack weed hanging
from one's clothes, or black-beetles cov-
ering a wall, or long trappings dangling
about a person (= tikuti yeye, ukuti
yika) = yehleza, yehleka.

Yehleka (s.k.),v. = ukuti yehle.

Yehleza, v. = ukuti yehle; (C.N.) strike

violently on the head with a stick;

break, as a tooth (see ukuti kehle).
isi-Yejane, n. Stupid, silly person, doing

wrong things, not wilfully, but from

weakness of mind (C.N.).

Yeka (s. k.), v. Leave off, give over, as any
action ( with uku — cp. peza ) ; let go, a
rope (ace.) or other thing held in the
^grasp; let alone, as a person (ace.) who
has done wrong (cp. yekela) or is being
tormented by others ; leave, as one might

711 YE

his child (ace.) to stay in another kraal

(cp. shiyn.) [(la. dclca, leave oil'!; htktt,
leave; Her. yesa, leave off: Sw. isha,
leave off; Ya. leka, leave; Bo. tela,
let go].

Yeka (s. k.), int. expressing surprise, ad-
miration, displeasure, etc.; also used by
females in affirming a truth or taking
an oath.

Ex. yek'ingubo entle! oh my! what a nice
dress!

yek'umfana egangile! just look at this
naughty boy!

yek'umame.' oh, mother! — as a female
might say when expressing jocose surprise
at anything.

' kanti uslw iqiniso na?' ' Yeka.' /or Yelea-
ke kona!)' 'and are you really speaking a
truth?' 'A fact! Don't ask it!'

Yeke, ukuti (s. k.), v. = yekeza; also =
tikuti wewete.

isi-Yeke (s. k.), n. Bullock with horns stand-
ing upright and at the ends bent back-
wards over the shoulders (cp. i(li)-Go-
dhla); (C.N.) = isi-Fonyo.

Yekeke, ukuti (s. k.), v. = ukuti iveivete.

Yekela (s.k.),v. Let alone, let go for;
hence, let off, as a person (ace.) from
punishment or restitution in regard to
some fault (cp. tetelela); let or allow a
person (ace.) to go or do something
(with subj.); carry something on the
head without holding it.

Ex. ub'elitwala (ibotwe), eyckele ("or cliye-
kelele), she was carrying it (on her head),
without holding it (the pot).
Phr. uku-yekela gqala — see yqala.

Yekelana (s. k.), v. Let one another alone,

off, etc.
Yeketa (Yeketha), v. = xeketa.
Yeketisa (Yekethisa), v. = xeketisa.
i-nYekevu, n. — see i-Nyekevu.

Yekeza (s. k.), v. = xeketisa; also = ukuti
wewete.

Yekezeka (s. k.), v. = xeketa.

Yekezisa (s. k.), v. = xeketisa.

um-Yeko (s. k.), n. 5. Hair (whole head there-
of) twisted in long strings (= u(lu)-Poto )
so as to hang down over the head all
round = isi-Yendane, isi-Yendhle.

Yela, v. Go for, to, etc.

Ex. uku-zi-yela, to go for or of oneself.

Yela (= Eyela), v. Stumble or tumble into
or at a hole, whether bodily or merely
by the foot. Cp. ukuti yele.

Ex. uxiyelckixch ecaleni, he has caused
himself to get fallen into, i.e. mixed up with,
a lawease.

YE 71

isi-Yela, n. Anything into which one could
stumble or tumble, as a large hole on
one's path; name given to any girl or
Female child by way of flattery or coax-
ing, as when begging a favour or admir-
ing.

Ex. hambani 'xiyela exintle, ningilandeh
amanxi, go nice little girls, and fetch me
some water.
Yele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Go, or make go, or
fall, down out of sight, as a person dis-
appearing down beyond a hilltop.

Ex. ake ngiye 'ktUi yele ka'Bani, just let
me disappear for a moment, i.e. run over
for a few minutes, to So-and-so's.

Ye-le-le (with final particle prolonged), int.
expressing surprise, grief at, etc.

F.x. ye-le-le.' naxi ixintomhi! oh my! here
are some fine girls. Cp. Ito-lo-lo.

ye-le-le/ nantsi indaba! oh my! here's a
fine affair (something wrong).

i(li)-Yelesi or Yeleswa, n. Very thin shell-
ed gourd. Cp. i(li)-Hengesi.

Yeleza, v. = ukuti yele.

i-nYelezele, n. —see i-Nyelezele.

isi-Yelo, n. = isi-Yela.

Yembe, ukuti (Yembhe, ukuthi), v. = ukuti
yambe.

i(li)-Yembe (Yeembhe), n. Shirt [D. hemd\.

i-nYembe, n. — see i-Nyembe.

Yembeza (Yembheza), v. = yambeza.

Yeme, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Lean or slant
towards one side, as the palisades of a
kraal-fence, or pillar of a hut when fall-
ing sideways; draw or fall about here
and there from side to side, as the
members of a hunt or fight when seeing
the game, etc., coming on close towards
them, so as to confuse it and get out of
its way, while at the same time blocking
its path = yemeza; cp. eyama.

isi-Yeme, n. (C.N.) = isi-Yence.

urn -Yeme, n. 5. Delicate, strengthless thing,
as a child or invalid; also = um-Peme.

u(lu)-Yeme, n. Leaning or slanting of a
thing towards one side, as of the palis-
ades of a falling kraal-fence or pillars of
a hut (with enza).

Yemeza, v. = ukuti yeme.

Yena, emph. pron. He, she, it; him, her,
it. Cp. mina.

Ex. ngawumnikile yena, you ought to have
given (it) to him himself.

Yenca, v. — genca.

i(li)-Yence, n. = i(li)-Cece.
isi-Yence, n. = i-?nBe?nba.
Yendn, v. Wave or droop continually from

2 YE

side to side, as a tree-branch or growing
grain in the wind or long thin plank
stood vertically (= tengatenga); drop
the head from side to side i. e. be dozy,
be sleepy, as a child in the evening;
stagger from side to side, as a drunken
man. Cp. ukuti yende; ukuti yendu
[Her. yendama, lean; Sw. inama],

i(li)-Yenda, n. Variety of imfe, having a
pendulous, drooping panicle = i(li)-Ye-
ngantombi.

isi-Yendane, n. Hair dressed so as to hang
in long twisted strings (= um-Yeko) \
person wearing such (= isi-Yendhle) ;
plur. izi-Yendane, Shaka's name for the
ama-Hlubi.

Yende, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Droop or fall
pendulously to one side, as a long corn-
stalk. Cp. yenda.

i(li)-Yende, n. = isi-Qentu.

Yendela, ?». Clear grain of foreign-bodies
( doub. ace.) by washing, sifting, or other
separating process, as when cleaning
mealies of sand by washing in water and
allowing the sand to sink to the bottom.

Ex. mi! yendela nanli'amabele amakoba,
here! clear this Kafir-corn of empty-husks
(by shaking it about in a basket when the
lighter husks will rise to the top ).

i-nYendhlane, n. — see i-Nyendhlane.

i-nYendhle, n. — see i-Nyendhle.

isi-Yendhle, n. Person wearing am um-
Yeko; sometimes applied to the um-Yeko
itself.

um-Yendhle, n. 5. = um-Yeko.

Yendu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Lean over con-
siderably to one side, so as to be ready
to fall, stand resting on the edge, as a
cupboard standing dangerously on the
slant, or a person about to faint = ye-
nduka, ukuti gembeqe, ukuti ketti; cp.
genuka; qetuka; penuka; yenda [Her.
yendama, lean; Sw. inama].

Yenduka (s.k.), v. = ukuti yendu.

Yenga, v. Allure, entice, beguile, seduce,
or otherwise lead a person (ace.) to do
something by plausible, inviting speech
or appearances. Cp. hung a; kanga;
golomba [Sw. tega, lure].

i(li)-Yenga, n. Seducer, one given to lur-
ing others, as a boy or girl given to
enticing those of the other sex into un-
lawful ways, or a person sent to lead
an enemy into a trap = isi-Yengane.

isi-Yengane, n. = i(li)-Yenga.

i(li)-Yenga-ntombi (Yenga-ntombhi). n. =
i(li)- Yenda.

Yenge, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Have the eyes

YE 713

come over or fill with tears. Cp yenge-
zela.

isi-Yengelele, u. = isi-TIlekelele.

Yengezela.v. Have the eyes filled with
tears, as when saddened, or from snuff
ijr or smoke = hlengezela.

isi or u(lu)-Yengezi, n. Any very broad-
mouthed or broadly spread out vessel
or basket; applied to the i-nDinganiso;
ox with such widely spread-out horns =
u(lu)-Hengezi.

isi-Yengo, n. Anything intended to lure,
entice, tempt, or seduce. See yenga.

um-Yeni, n. 1. Bridegroom; husband, gen-
erally; an ubu-Tumushe ant (which
Natives superstitiously dislike calling
by its real name, lest they thereby 'draw
these troublesome insects to them');
plur. aba-Yeni, bridegroom's people
or party - a name given to them in
any of the ceremonies accompanying a
marriage. Cp. u-Makoti.

Ex. abak'omyeni, the bridegroom's people.
See i-uTombi.

P. waza iv'enda, 'myeni! so, bridegroom,
you at last got to be married! — said of
one who has at last got successfully over
some difficulty.

N.B. ' us'exidlilile umyeni; ayi 'baba!
/nthi<ya naxo ', ' the bridegroom has now got
possession of them ( my cattle — though
really referring to her own person); alas! he
has got hold of them' — sung by a girl on
the evening of the second day succeeding
the wedding when she is forcibly driven by
the other girls in the kraal into the hut of
her husband; to which the other girls
reply liayc! uy'intandane, loxa lishone for
E! uy'intandane, x/ayixc neno) i. e. yes!
you are an orphan or poor helpless body,
till the sun goes down, or for all time
(or, yes! you are an orphan; let him — the
husband — come over to us here).

YeT\u,j)oss.adj. Your — see enu.

i-nYenyezulu, n. -- see i-Nyenyezulu.

Yepe, ukuti (Yi;p he, ukuthi), v. Give a
person (ace), etc., a cut or gash, as
with a knife or sword, or as coarse
grass one's finger = yepeza.

Yepeza (Yepheza), v. = ukuti yepe.

Yepezeka (Yephezeka), v. Get so cut or
gashed, as above.

Yepezela (Yephezela), v. = kebezela.

isi-Yepu (Yephu), n. Any long-haired fringe-
like thing, as the filaments of maize or
the long dangling hair of a goat ; such
a long-haired goat.

P. nany'unontandakubukwa onjengesiyepu I

there's a person who likes to be looked at,

YE

like a long-haired goat — said t<> a vain
person who likes to be admired.

Yepuka (Yephuka), v. = ukuti yepu yepu.

Yepu yepu, ukuti (Yephu yephu, ukuthi),
v. Wave danglingly about (trans.), as
one might a long loose fringe (ace.) or
a goat its long hair yepuza; wave
Or gel shaken thus loosely to and fro
(intrans.), as the above = yepuka.

Yepuza (Yephuza), v. = ukuti ypu ypc

Yepuzela (Yephuzela), v. Go along amidst
long waving fringes, as a goat with its
long hair waving from side to side, or
a man adorned with many long loosely-
hanging trappings.

Yeshe (final syll. accentuated), int. of
address — as below.

Ex. yeslir ! 'nyamaxane! siyihlnbe, siyi-
bambe; sikulekela ugudukaxi olungasena-
'maxinyo! hail, game! may we stab and
catch it (the game we are going to hunt | ;
we beg for an old-woman of a beast that
no longer has any teeth! — said by young-
men by way of a prayer to the hunting-god
(called for the purpose 'nyamaxane) pre-
vious to going out on a huut.

Yesh'i, int. = woshi.

Yeshila, int. (C.N.) = hashila.

Yeta (Yetha), v. = lendhla.

Yetelele, ukuti (Yethelele, ukuthi), v. Be

drooping, hanging without life or firm-
ness, as the body when quite done up
with exhaustion, or a limp supple skin,
or the heart of a person when depressed
or low-spirited = ukuti letelele, le-
ndhlelele, lisa, dica, etc.
Yeti, pi. Yetini (Yethi, Yethini), int. the
tefula form of leti q. v. and most com-
monly used in Natal in this form, pro-
bably from the fact of its having been
introduced there most widely by the
Qwabe and other tribes that tefula. —
The plur. form yetini seems to be a
corruption (perhaps arising from a mis-
understanding of the original meaning
of the word) peculiar to Natal ; in Zulu-
land it would be yetani.

Yetu (Yet Jui), poss. adj. Our— see etc

i(li)-Yevane, n. = i(li)-Yevuyevu.

i-nYevu, n. — see i-Nyevv.

Yevu yevu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yevuza.

i(li)-Yevuyevu, n. One who talks away in-
cessantly anything and everything. Cp.
i(li)-Gevugevu; yevuza.

Yevuza, v. Talk way without cessation, as
above. Cp. gevuzu.

i-nYewe, n. see i-Nyewe.

i-nYewo, it. - see i-nNyewo.

YE

714

Yl

isi-Yeya, n. tefula form of isi-Yela.
Yeye, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti yehle.
Ye ye, int. expression of derision, as might

be used by a naughty boy calling after

an old man.

isi-Yeye, n. Certain flat bead necklace (N);
also (N.) = isi-Yela.

u(lu)-Yeyemana, u. A sleepy-going person
with no life or energy in him = um-
Lelcmu.

Yeyesa, v. Speak as some tribes, substi-
tuting a y for every /, as do the Qwabe
and Zulu coast clans generally (C.N.) —
tefula.

i(li)-Yeyesi, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Tefula.

i(li)-Yeyeye, n. = i(li)-Tefula.

i(li)-Yezane, n. = i(li)-Tongivane—ioY which
it would seem to be the regular hloni-
pa word (fv.i(li)-Yezo, h\on.i(ii)-To?igo),
although now in universal use even
among men.

i-nYezane, n. see iNyezane.

Yezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti yozi.

ama-Yezi (no sing.), n. Cloudiness of the
sky, causing a constant hiding of the
sun or moon (prob. originally meaning
' shadows ' — see hlon. word i(li)- Yezi —
and only used in connection with the
sun or moon, not of the mere clouds
themselves).

Ex. ixulu linamayexi namhla, the sky is
cloudy to-day, i. e. shadowy, shady, as regards
the sun or moon.

isi-Yezi, n. Haziness that comes over the
eyes, upon the deadening of the senses,
when a person is about to faint. Cp.
i-nZululwane.

ama-Yeziyezi (no sing.), n. = ama-Hlenge-
hlenge.

Yezu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti tezu (used
also by women for hlon. purposes).

Yezuka (s.k.),v. = tezuka.

um-Yezuka (s. k.), n. 5. = um-Tezuka.

Yiba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti cwantalala,
ukuti yibaba; also yibaza, yibazeka.

Ex. abaiitn bnbehlexi bete yiba, the people
were sitting spread out in an immense crowd.

bengtti ngiyakumtshela, ngasengiti yiba,
I had intended to tell him, and then forgot.

isi-Yibaor Yibayiba (latter when in plur. ), n.
= isi-Wici.

Ex. unexvyiba/yiba lowo'muxi, there's al-
ways something happening in that kraal.

u(lu)-Yiba, n. = u(lu)- Cwantalala.
Yibaba, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti cwanta-
lala.

isi-Yibayibana, n. Stupid, unintelligent
person.

Yibaza, v. Forget i. e. have pass from the
memory, as when one had intended
doing something and then forgot ; be at
a loss as to what to do or how to act
= kohlwa, ukuti yiba [Ga. elabila,
forget].

Yibazeka (s.k.),v. Get to forget.

Yibazela, v. Be dilatory at work, do in
an idling manner = yikiza.

u-Yihlo, n. Thy or your father; or father's
own sister (i.e. of same hut, a paternal
aunt ) ; thy or your master, guardian,
or present 'possessor,' of a child or
servant (the poss. adjs. are gen. omitted,
being used merely for emphasis or dis-
tinction). Cp. u-Baba; u-Yihlwana [Her.
iho; Sha. isho; Reg. ishaw; MZT. uso].

u-Yihlokazi (s.k.),n. Any brother or half-
brother of thy or your father (cp. u-
Malume); any sister or half-sister of
your father i. e. paternal aunt (cp.
u-Nyokokazi); any um-Zala (male or
female) of your father.

u-Yihlomkulu (Yihlomkhulu),n. Thy or
your grandfather, or grandfather's
sister or brother (i.e. great uncle).

u-Yihlwana, n. Thy or your step-father
(only used as term of contempt) — the
respectful term would be u-Yihlo simply,
as 'present owner'. Cp. u-Babana.

YVka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti yehle.

Cp. jika.
i(li)-Yika (s.k.), n. = i-nGqalati (used now

by "women to hlon. i-Saka (sack).
Yikatisa (Yikathisa), v. (C.N.) yikazisa.

ama-YTkayika (s. k.), n. Lot of things hang-
ing dangling from the roof of a hut,
and gen. referring to miscellaneous
articles of Native use that give the hut
a loose, slovenly appearance. See ukuti
yika.

Yikaza (s.k.), v. Hang dangling abundantly,
be loaded or covering in abundance, as
a lot of gourds, etc., hung up on a roof,
fruit on a tree, or (metaphor.) beetles
about a wall, or cattle in a kraal = ukuti
yika, ukuti yehle. Cp. jika.

Yikazela (s. k.), v. Go loaded with clothes
or ornaments hanging about the person.

Yikazisa (s.k.), v. Make hang dangling
abundantly as above (see yikaza), load,
as a person covering his person with
an abundance of hanging clothing or
finery, etc.

isi-Yfkiyiki (s. k.), n. Dilatory, idling worker.
See yikiza.

Yl

715

Yl

Yikiza (s.k.),v. = yibttzela.

isi-Yiko (s. k.), n. Any strange, wonderful,

unintelligible thing- or occurrence; event,
happening, generally; defect, blemish,
fault, as in a new pot, or on the body
of a person deducting from his beauty
(— isi-Yinga) = um-IIlola; isi-Ci, isi-
Wici; isi-Yiba.

P. aku'gexc lingena'siyiko, there's no
beautiful person without some defect.

Y'ikona (Y'ikhona), adv. It is then or
there, equivalent to Eng. thereupon,
then, upon this or that, upon doing
so; it is now (&itt\ participle).

Ex. ugakirenxa ngexwi /ami, y'ikona kuyn-
kn/iu/ga, you shall act iu accordance with
my instructions, then it will be right.

y'ikona ngixwayo, it is now that I under-
stand.

y'ikona njalo, it is there precisely.

i-nYiki (s. k.), n. — see i-Nyiki.
i-nYikinyiki (s. k.), n. — see i-Nyikinyiki.

Y'ikuba (s. k.), conj. It is because, by
reason that, on account of = kwazisu-
kuti.

Ex. akulungauga kdhle, y'ikuba umniniyo
(iiidlilu) eb'engeko, it was not done quite as
it ought, (it was) on account of the owner
being absent.

Y'ilapa (Yilapha), prep.; adv. It is here
(in place or time).

Y'ilapo (Y'ilapho), prep.; adv. It is or
was there or then = y'ikona.

Ex. yenxa ngexwi lami, y'ilapo kuyaku-
lunga, act in accordance with my directions,
(it is) then it will be allright.

y'ilapo ngaqal'uleuxwa for kway'ilapo ngi-
qal'ukuxwa), it was then (or thereupon was
it ) I began to understand.

Yilayileka (s.k),v. Be in an agitated, dis-
turbed, restless state internally, as a
sick person unable to find rest, or a
a person whose mind is bothered with
many anxieties requiring pressing atten-
tion.

Yilileka (s.k.),v. = hleleleka.

Y'ilo (last syll. accentuated), Y'ilohle, Y'i-
loku (Y'ilokhu), Y'ilo kuhle, Y'ilo kwahle,
Y'iloku kwahle (most common in the
third form ), adv. All along ; ever since,
always, continually = kulo, etc.

Ex. tvay'e y'ilo esho, he was always saying
so.

ivaba y'iloku clambile, he was all the time
hungry.

y'ilokulde wakuluma, you have been all
along talking.

y'ilokuhle agulayo (m agula), he has been
continuously sick.

woba y'iloku mlhln ixinto eximnandi, you
will be eating nice thioga always, perpetually.

y'iloku kwahle kuhanjwa, it is perpetually
being goue about i i. e. there ia perpetually
some walking to be done I.

i-nYimfinyimfi, n. See i-Nyimfi ngimfi.

Yinga, v. (C.N.) = yingiliza.

isi-Yinga, n. Certain kind of bead neck-
lace; blemish, fault, defect, as in a work-
ed article or a person's beauty ( isi-
Yiko ).

isi-Yingayinga, n. Silly, daft, foolish-look-
ing person who acts as below urn-

Yi ikj iiui iic, isi- Yiugisa.
Yingaza, v. Look about here and there in
a stupid, daft kind of way, as a simple-
ton when spoken to, or when sent to
look for some article.

isi-Yinge, n. = isi-Yingelezi.

Yingeleza, v. = yingiliza.

Yingelezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yingiliza.

isi-Yingelezi, n. Circle; hence, any circu-
lar, round, ring-shaped thing; revolution,
or going round of a body on its axis;
whirling round, as of water in a whirl-
pool = isi-Yinge, isi- Zing elezi.

Yingili, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Form together
in a circular body or group, as of cattle
or a scattered crowd gathering toge-
ther in a compact clump.

isi-Yingili.w. = isi- Yingelezi; also isi-
Yingayinga.

Yingiliza, v. Make or draw a circle, as
when moving the finger round in a cir-
cular way, or when making anything
(see yingilizisa) of a circular form;
describe a circle, revolve, whirl round,
as a wheel, or water of a whirl-
pool ; clear round by a circular motion,
as the remnants of food (ace.) from the
sides of a pot by sweeping round the
extended finger, or the hair from round
about a headring ; make insinuating
remarks about, hint at a person (ace),
= yingeleza, ukuti yingilizi. zingeleza.
Cp. ukuti dingilizi.

Yingilizeka (s.k),v. Get made in a circle
or to be of circular form ; get made to
revolve or whirl round ; gel cleared off
by a circular motion - see above.

Ex. leli'qoma seliyingilixekile, this basket
has already got 'circled' at the bottom
i.e. ha* the bottom DO longer lying flat
on the ground, but standing on its edges,
as on a ring, from the centre having be-
come concave.

Yingilizisa,?-. Make anything (ace.) to be
in a circle, or of a circular form.

Yingilizi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yingiliza.

Yl 71

isi-Yingisa, n. = isi-Yingayinga.
Y'ingoba or Y'ingokuba (s.k.), conj. It is
or was because, by reason that, on ac-
count of.

Ex. kawumili kakle, y'ingoba ixulu lisuke
I'omisHe, it doesu't grow well, (it is) be-
cause the heavens have got to dry up i.e.
on account of scarcity of rain.
ama-Yingoti (Yingothi; seldom in sing.),n.
= ama-Gemegeme.

um-Yingoti (Yingothi), n. 5. = isi-Yinga-
yinga.

um-Yingwane, n. 5. = isi-Yingayinga.

Y'ini, adv. What is it? Why is it (with

uknba)"? Which is it - equivalent to
Eng. 'or not, yes or no'. See ni.

Ex. y'ini lokuya okumnyama otshanini?

what is it, that black thing over there in the
gras^ 1

y'ini ukuba ungahambi, es'ekutshelilena?
why is it that you do not go, after his
having told you ?

uyahamba, y'ini? are you going, or not
( lit. which is it ) ?

kawutandi, y'ini? do you not like (lit. you
do not like, or which is it)?

Y'inini, adj. (C.N.) = kunini.

Yiniza, v. Be saying y'ini, say y'ini at.
Ex. uyinixa-ni? what are you saying
yini at? — as when a child is told to do
something and instead of listening atten-
tively to the order, merely replies y'ini.

Yisa, v. caus. form of ya. Make or cause
to go ; hence, send ; take ; bring ; ( more
partic.) send off or hand over a girl
to be married, as her father might do.

Ex. miyisa-pi? where are you taking
them (the cattle) to?

ngiyakuyiyisa kusasa, I .shall send it
to-morrow I the money).

u-Yisana, n. His or her step-father (only
used as term of contempt — u-Yise
being the proper term). Cp. u-Babana.

u-Yise, n. His, her or their father; father's
own sister (i.e. of own hut, paternal
aunt); his, her or their master, guard-
ian or 'present owner' — see u-Yihlo.
Cp. u-Yisana [Her. ihe; Sha. ishe; MZT.
u-ise; Reg. ishake],

u-Yisekazi (s.k.),n. Any brother or half-
brother of his, her, or their father, i.e.
paternal uncle (cp. u-Malume); any
Bister or half-sister of father, i.e. pater-
nal aunt (cp. u-Xinakazi); any um-Zala
(male or female) of father.

u-Yisemkulu (Yisemkhulu), n. His or their
grand-father, or grand-father's sister or
brother.

6 YO

Yishi-ke, int. = ishi-ke.

Yisi, int. (C.N.) = yizi.

Yiti (Yithi), imper. of uku-ti — used by a
person requesting another to move a
little that he pass, or shouted by a boy
fighting with another whenever he suc-
cessfully parries off the stick or stroke
of his adversary.

Y'i'va yiva, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yivaza.

i(li)-Yi'vayiva, n. Person of a slothful, in-
dolent nature, habitually neglecting
everything in the way of work or exer-
tion.

Yivaza, v. Act, or lead such a life, as above.

Yiya, int. = iya.

isi-YTya (Yiiya), n. (C.N.) — isi-Hiya.

i(li)-Yiyane, n. Good-for-nothing, bad char-
actered person, lazy, and loose of life.
um-Yiyane, n. 5. = u-Miyane.
Yi ye, int. Bravo! go it! (C.N.).

Yi yV or Yi" yT yV, int. a cry of women when
showing off their joy at a wedding-dance
(= lilizela), or their grief when wailing
over a dead person (= lilisela).

Yiyiteka (Yiyitheka), v. Go 'loafing' about,
roving here and there in an indolent
manner, never doing any work; laugh
away in a long soft manner, as when
'splitting one's sides' (cp. gigiteka).

i(li)-Yiyiteka (Yiyitheka), n. Idle, loafing
fellow, doing no work, but roving indol-
ently about from place to place.

Yiyiza, v. Utter the cry yi yi, as above;
whinny, as a horse.

Yiyizela, v. = lilizela.

YTzi, int. (C.N.) = yayizi.

Yo, verb, suffix - only used with participles
and relative pronouns = ko.

Ex. knmgahamba otandayo for otamlako),
he may go who likes.

Yo, int. cry of a woman when wailing. See
yoyoza.

Yo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be perfectly or
thoroughly done, with nothing left want-
ing, as utshwala thoroughly fermented,
fruit thoroughly ripe, food thoroughly
cooked, a garment thoroughly washed,
water perfectly clear, or a man thorough-
ly clever or good = yola, ukuti ya.

Yoba, int. (C.N.,) = yobe.

Yobe, int. Stop, stay, it's all right! -
word called after a person sent in order
to bring him back or stay his action.

Yobayoba, v. = shobashoba.

Yobe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Hush (intrans.),
become quite still or silent, as children

YO

717

YO

when a stranger enters, or as the wind
ceasing = ukuti nyamjm, yobeza.

Yobeka (s. k. — used only in reflect form
with zi),v. Get oneself into a scrape or
mess, as when a person thinking to
make peace between fighters finds him-
self embroiled = leba.

Yobela, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti yobe.

Yobeza, v. = ukuti yobe.

isi-Yobi, u. = isi-Yobinga; also (N). =
n-Nomagende.

i(li) or isi-Yobinga, n. Disorderly tufts of
grass, hair, etc., left hanging about, as
in a field slovenly hoed, remaining on
the head after hair-cutting, or on badly-
made tails of a Natives isi-Tobo ; tuft of
hair left purposely remaining on the
middle or front of the head as an orna-
ment.

i (plur. izi)-Yobo, n. 3. Young man who,
at the u-Nomzimane or gathering of
sweethearts, is rejected by all the girls
(C.N.).

Yobu, ukuti (ukuthi), v.= yobuka; yobula.

Yobuka (s. k.), v. Get peeled off so as to
reveal the raw substance beneath, as
the skin from one's body where scalded,
the soft bark from a green switch, or
the peel from a sweet-potato when
thoroughly boiled; become so peeled,
as the body, stick, sweet-potato itself =
ukuti yobu. Cp. ukuti lovu, lovuka.

Yobula, v. Peel off, or cause to get peeled
off, as the skin (ace.) of a thing, or the
thing (ace.) itself, as above (= ukuti
yobu); pull off 'peelingly,' as very sod-
den meat (ace.) from the bone from
which it readily separates (= yobuza);
also = yova.

Yobuza, v. Eat a little meat, e. g. a goat
or a fowl (ace.) privately with one's
family alone; eat i.e. be pulling off
'peelingly,' very sodden meat which,
through over-boiling, peels from the
bone in shreds (= N. yubuza); hence
sometimes, pull into shreds any rotten
or worn-out thing, as an old blanket
(— cosula).

Yoca, v Pluck, as a hair (ace) from the
head, the strings from fresh beans or
imifino, etc. ; pull about or pluck a per-
son (ace. metaphor.), as by rating him
soundly = hluta.

Yocu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take off the skin
(ace.) forcibly from a thing (ace), as by
tearing, grazing, ripping, burning, etc. =
yocu la; get so taken off = yocuka. Cp.
ukuti hlosu.

um-Yocu, n. 5. Spot on the body, etc., now

raw from having the skin removed.

Yocuka (s.k.),v. = ukuti yarn.

Yocu la, v. = ukuti yocu.

i-nYoka, u. — see i-Nyoka.

i-nYokayabafazi, u. — see i-Nyokayabafazi.

Yoko, ukuti (8.k.),v. Be quite green or
blue (= luhlaza, ukuti yaka); be quite
raw, as food not thoroughly cooked :
cook food (ace.) so as to leave it hall'
raw (— yokoza).

ubu-Yoko (s. k.), n. Vomit of the lion, con-
sisting of undigested bones, flesh, etc,
and sold in a dry state as a valuable
medicine for charming grain-fields into
successful bearing.

Yokoza (s. k.), v. Cook food (ace.) so as
to leave it half raw; (N) steep crushed-
mealies (ace.) in warm, not boiling, water
and leave over-night to be ground finely
for utshwala on the morrow (cp. fudu-
mezela); (C.N.) belch up food into the
mouth from the stomach — now obsolete,
only used by woman for hlon. purposes.

Yola, v. Be thoroughly or perfectly well
done, leaving nothing further to be
desired, as utshwala when thoroughly
fermented, food of any kind when well
cooked, a garment thoroughly washed,
water perfectly clear, or a person thor-
oughly clever or good (= ukuti yo ) ;
bring down upon a person (ace.) some
serious harm or misfortune (sometimes
also, by comparison, a good thing) by
means of charms, as cause him to go
out of his mind, develop a mania for
stealing, become dumb, etc. (cp. lumba)
= loya.

Ex. uku-r.i-yola, bring down trouble on
oneself, get oneself into a mess. See le/m.

Yolanisa, v. Wish a person (ace.) some
serious harm, as that he die, become
insane, bear a monstrosity, etc.; curse
him = qanganisa, qalekisa, lokotela.

i(li)-Yoli, w. Stramonium, a common weed
on old kraal-sites, whose large moist
leaves make an excellent plaster for
sores; also = i(li)-Y<do.

Yolisa,?'. Make thoroughly well done or
be in perfect condition (see yola); also
= yolanisa.

isi-Yol iyoli, n. Any food nicely prepared, so
as to be pleasant eating. Cp. ul-Ovela.

i(li)-Yolo, n. Misfortune or harm (gen.
touching the person), as insanity, irre-
sistible mania for stealing, impotency to
bear, etc. brought down upon a person
by the evil-charms of an wm-Takati\
such evil oharms themselves = iflij-
Loyo or Loyi. Cp. i(li)-Lumbo.

YO

71

um-Yolo, n. 5. Person who has 'gone
wrong ' in some strange, unaccountable
manner, as when affected by an i(li)-
Yolo as above.

i-nYomfonyomfo, n. — see i-Nyomfonyomfo.

Yona, emph. pron. It — for nouns of the
3rd. el. sing, having the prefix i-m or
i-n ; they or them — for nouns of the
5th. el. plur. having the prefix imi.

Ex. mnike yona (imcdi), give him it (the
money), or give it to him.
ngisho yona, I mean them.

isi-Yonco, n. ■= isi-Lonco.

isi-Yondo, n. (C.N.) — isi-Wondo.

i-nYonga, n. — see i-Nyonga.

i-nYongo, n. — see i-Nyongo.

isi-Y6ngoyongo, n. = i-mFene.

Yongoza, v. Sing lewd songs (ama-gamu
okubina), as at the tomba ceremonies
of a girl, at the um-Shopi, etc. Cp.
bina.

i-nYoni,w. — see i-Nyoni.

i-nYosi, n. — see i-Nyosi.

Yosu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti hlosu.

Yosuka (s. k.J, v. = hlosuka.

Yosu la, v. = hlosula.

isi-Yosuyosu, n. = isi-Cosueosu.

Yotu, ukuti (Ybthu, ukuthi), v. = ukutilotu.

Yotuka (Yothuka), v = lotuka.

Yotula (Yothula), v. = lotula.

Yotuza (Yothuza), v. Pluck out or pull
out easily, as weeds (ace.) readily separ-
ating from the soil, or the down of a
fowl. Cp. hluta.

Yova, v. Rate or scold a person (ace.)
soundly.

Yovu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti lovu.
isi-Yovu, n. Anything scalding or burning

hot, as food, water, hot-iron, etc.
Yovuka (8. k.), v. = lovuka.
Yovu la, v. = lovula.

i(li)-Y6vuyovu, n. Person eating hastily
any very hot thing; hence, one who
can't keep anything in his mouth, must
let out secrets and everything else he
knows.

isi-Y6vuyovu, n. = isi-Yovu.

Yovuza or Yovuzela, v. Eat anything (ace.)
very hot (from the noise made by the
mouth see isi-Yovii); also = Yova.

Yoyi, ukuti (tikMthi), v. Do anything very
slightly i.e. in very small quantity, as

8 YU

when serving out or giving to a person
(ace.) an insignificant quantity of food
= tikuti gqobi.

Ex. wangiti yoyi ngesijingana, he gave
me a tiny bit of pumpkin-mash.

ubu-Yoyi, n. = ubu-Yoyo.

Yoyiza, v. = ukuti yoyi.

Yoyo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Do very softly,
gingerly, with the hands or feet, as a
person treading stealthily towards an
object so as not to arouse it, or walking
in bare feet over stony ground, or when
holding a vase (ace.) softly between the
hands as though afraid of crushing it,
or a person who instead of dealing a dog
caught in a trap a decided blow, walks
gingerly round about it seeking the most
favourable point whereas really half a-
fraid to tackle it = yoyosa, yoyoza.

i si -Yoyo, n. Tiny little thing, used of an
infant just born, or similarly an un-
fledged bird, rabbit, or other small
animal born in a hairless or bare state.

ubu-Yoyo, n. A tiny, insignificant quantity
or lump of anything, as of food, snuff,
a 'tiny bit' of an infant, etc. == ubu-
Yoyi. See ukuti yoyi.

Ex. ubuyoyo lobu buyakusebenxa-ni? this
little bit of a thing, of what use will it be.

Yoyosa, v. = ukuti yoyo.

i(li)-Yoyosi, n. One who acts in a softly,
gingerly manner, as above — see ukuti
yoyo.

Yoyoza, v. = ukuti yoyo ; also, utter the

cry yo, as women wailing.
isi-Yozi, n. Short or sudden drowsiness,

as of one sitting at evening-time (with

fikelwa ).

Yozi yozi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Hang sha-
dowly or hazily about the eyes, as sleep-
iness, i. e. come over drowsily or with
drowsiness, as one's eyes (gen. used in
the impersonal form or with ubu-To-
ngo) = ukuti yezi yezi.

Ex. sekuti yozi yozi ubutonyo kimi, it
has now come over hazy with sleepiness to
me *'. e. I am already gettiug drowsy.

isi-Y6ziyozi (mostly in plur.), n. Eyes
with a great rolling glare, goggle eyes,
like those of a cat or owl.

Yubu yubu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) = yo-

buza.
Yubuza, v. (C.N.) = yobaza.
i-nYumba, n. ■- see i-Nyumba.
i-nYundu, n. — see i-Nyundu.

ZA

719

ZA

z

Zin Zulu has the same Bound as in Eng-
lish; and when immediately following a //,
approximates to d\ .

Za ( Eza), v. Come. Cp. ya; fika [Skr.
(jd, come ; Ar. get, come ; zahab, go ;
MZT. za, come; Aug. Nyam. iza; Bo.
eza; Ga. Sw. ja; Su. thla; Her. ya; At.
va; Son. ka; Ibo. zi, send; Su. /«].

Ex. /mxa wat'UHia, lie came and agreed
l. e. at last came to agree.

way'e njalo, icaxe for uaxa) wafa, he was
so, he came to die i. e. until he died.

ngixa'kukamba, I come to go i.e. I shall go.

ib'ixa nayo, it (the impi) was coining
along with it (the enemy) i.e. was bringing
them along forcibly, driving them before it.

idtoxa (== ube uxa), kaboxa, niboxa, ba-
buxa, nayo (inkomo), may thou, he, you, or
they, be coming back with it ( the cow ) i.e.
bring it back with you, let him bring it back
with him, etc., — a direction given to a per-
son going somewhere that he bring some-
thing with him when returning.

i(li)-Za, n. Wave, of the sea — - see i(li)-
Ndhlambi (C.N. fr. Xo.).

l(li)-Za (ii-Za — the prefix is long,), n. Yel-
low rhebuck (Pelea capreolus).

isi-Za, n. Site or spot for building a hut
upon within a kraal; site of or for a
kraal, upon which it stands; spot pre-
pared for threshing amabele upon (=
isi-Buya ).

u(lu)-Za (with plur.), n. Single hair from
the armpits or pubes. Cp. u(lu)-Nwele
[Her. oty-ezu, hair on private parts; Ga.
bwiza, hair on hand ; Sw. singa, hair of
animals; Be. mu-sisi, hair; Sum. mu-
sasi; Reg. ma-osa, hair on body].

Zaba, v. = nqaba [Her. zapa, refuse].

i(li)-Zaba, n. (C.N.) = is-Aba.

Zabalaza, v. Plant oneself firmly on one's
feet and put forth all one's strength, as
when wrestling with another, or pulling
at a tug of war, or lifting any very
heavy weight: stand thus firmly plant-
ed, fixed to the ground, as a man firm-
ly standing with the legs stretched out,
or a tree firmly fixed by reason of its
fast-holding roots (used in perf.); do
generally with all one's strength (in
matters of stationary exertion); refuse
to budge, remain fixed like a rock, as
a person when requested to move. Cp.
ukuti zala.

»<li)-Zabela, n. Chip, as of wood when
chopping at a tree (= i(li)-Jubela);
cutting, lopping, i. e. small branches and

twigs lopped off as useless from :i tier-
trunk when cutting a post, or as chop-
ped off from a tree for firewood.

Zabo, poss. adj. Their — see abo,

Zaca, v. = onda.

um-Zaca, n. 5. = um-Shiza.

Zacu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Take out deeply
or largely with both hands or a dish,
as mealies or sugar (ace.) from a sack
— zacula, zafuna, nafuna. Cp. ukuti
conn; capuna; ukuti copolozi.

Zacula,?\ = ukuti zacu. Cp. capuna.

Zacuna, v. = ukuti zacu.

u-Zadongwe, n. A 'huge' thing — used ad-
jectively of things unusually large of
their kind, as a female humble-bee, a
'king' vulture, etc. = u-Nodongwe.

Ex. iiiqe hka'xadongwe, a huge vulture

applied to their supposed king, (?) the mara-
bou stork.

Zafu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti zacu.

Zafuna, v. = ukuti zacu.

u-Zagiga, n. Mumps = u-Gqilaza.

N.B. A child with the mumps should go
to the hole of white-ants and call into it,
very early in the morning (or to the um-
Oanu tree, and bite a piece off the hark),
saying 'Zagiga! 'xagiga! ngiyeke! i mumps,
mumps, leave me!) and indeed they will go
away !

Zaka, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = vakaza.

i-nZaka (s.k.),n. only in idiom below.

Ex. iir.uka ngife! 1 would die first (rather

than that such and such a thing should be !

kungaba 'nxaka (or kunga nxaka) ngife,

kunokuba ngivume loko! I would rather die

than agree to that.

isi-Zaka (s. k.), n. Certain bush in the
thorn-country.

ubu-Zaka (s. k.), n. A raising of objections
or making of difficulties in the way of
doing something, as a disobliging or
pig-headed person, or a father raising-
obstacles as to giving his daughter in
marriage (with ua).

Ex. unobuxaka, kavumi kahle, he is hard-
headed, he doesn't readily consent.

Zakaza (s. k.), v. = vakaza.

Zaka zaka. ukuti (tikittlti; s.k.),v. Go tot-
tering along, shaky or unsteady on the
feet, as one without strength to walk or
run from great age or fatigue = zaka-
zela; cp. guxalazela [Mpo. i-zage, duck;
Her. o-mbaka, duck].

/

ZA 720

Zakazakaza (s. k.), v. = ukuti zaka zaka.

Zakazela (s. k.), v. Go along, as above —
see ukuti zaka zaka, guxalazela, zanga-

zela.

Zakazelisa (s. k.), v. Drive along, as an
enemy (ace.) till they become 'wobbly'
i. e. are quite done np with fatigue.

Zake (Zakhe),poss.adj. His, her — see ake.

Zako (Zakho), poss. adj. Thy — see ako.

Zaku zaku, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = zaku-
zisana.

um-Zakuzakwane (s. k.), n. 5. Tussle, skir-
mish, short fight, as young men with
sticks or two persons wrangling with
words.

Zakuzisana (s. k.), v. Have a tussle, wrestle,
skirmish, a short fight, as above.

u-Zakwabo (s. k.J, n. Companion in mar-
riage i. e. married to the same man =
u-Wetukazi, etc.

Ex. uxakwctbo wami (wake, wabo, etc.^,
my i his, their, etc.) companion- wife.

Zala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be firmly or tight-
ly fixed so as to be unmovable, as a
nail in the wall, rope round a box, knot,
post firmly planted, or person taking
his stand stoutly and immovably when
wrestling or pulling with effort. Cp.
zabalaza.

Zala, v. Beget, generate, as the male ani-
mal; give birth to, bear, bring forth, as
tlte female (used also of cattle, horses,
pigs, sheep and goats. Cp. nyelezela);
I"' full to the brim, as a pail or river
( used in perf. zele = gcivala, ukuti za-
lala) [Skr. jan; Lat. na-scor; pario;
Ax. tn rah, bear, as fruit; Ga. zala, beget;
Sw. zaa; MZT. ziala; Aug. vuala; Sen.
bat a; Bo. vuala; Her. koata, bear chil-
dren; zara, bear troubles; Sak. n-zari,
mother].

Ex. owokuxalwa (umuntu), a native or
one belonging by birth to a kraal or coun-
try. Cp. owokumbelwa.

Phr. xaPowako, mimic ngalo, beget your
own I chilil) and call him by it (that name)
call me by my proper name or name of
courtesy — said to check a person who, con-
trary to Native etiquette, calls a person by
hi- birth-name, not by his isitakaxo, regi-
ment, or a woman by her father's name.

um-Zala, n. 1. Cousin, i.e. male or female
child born of one's father's sister (not
brother — see um-Fo) or any other child
of such woman's kraal; also any child
of one's mother's brother (not mother's
sister see um-Ntaka'mame).

i(li)-Zala (Zaala), n. Heap of ashes (as
where they are thrown away outside of

ZA

the kraal), or of mealie-bracts (where
the cobs are peeled in the field at the
time of harvesting). Cp. i-nGqumelo.

i-nZala (no plur.), n. Seed of any kind of
grass (whole tuft or flower = i-nTsha-
Icaza ). Cp. i-mBeivu.

um-Zala (Zaala), n. 5. Ash or ashes =
tun-Lota.

uku-Zala, n. Birth; child-bearing.
i-nZalabantu (s.t.),n. Semen-maris = ama-
Lota.

Zalakasha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti
zalatsha.

Zalala, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be full to the
brim, as a bucket or river = ukuti ya-
lala, zala.

i-nZalamizi, n. Patriarch or head of a large
family of children, each with his own
kraal. Cp. um-Zimkulu.

Ex. kus'enzalamixi lapo, it is at the head
of the family's there.

Zalana, v. Prodnce offspring, 'increase and
multiply ', breed, as any kind of stock,
locusts, etc., operating so as to increase
in numbers; be of the same 'house' or
family ( in near relationship, not merely
of same remote lineage or clan).

Ex. uBaui noBani bayaxalana, So-and-so
and So-and-so are of the same house or
stock i. e. of the one grandfather or great-
grandfather— (not merely of remote rela-
tionship, as between different members of the
same clan, the which = ba'hthlobo luntje).

Zalanisa,]?». Make to breed or produce in-
crease, as stock (ace), or nowadays mon-
ey by speculation or banking.

Zalatsha, ukuti (ukuthi; s. t.), v. Be per-
fectly level or equal all over, as a floor,
beadwork of beads of an identical size,
or a person 'equalised' as to body i.e.
evenly filled out all over, not thin and
not fat = ukuti zalakasha.

Zaleka (s.k.),v. Get begotten 'in a right
good manner' i.e. well left by one's
father, be comfortably set up, be well
off. Cp. ceba, nota.

Kx. uxalekile (ov waxaleka) uBani. he got
begotten i. e. has been well placed as to
property, has So-and-so (by his father or
inheritance).

Zalela, v. Bring forth or bear young, used
of any animal or bird which produces
a litter or numerous offspring and so
makes a 'nest' for its young and re-
mains with them after birth, as a buck,
cat, pig, or any bird.

Ex. inkttl.il yami is'iyaxalela, my fowl is
now laving ( not brooding = fukamela).

ZA 721

Phr. uku-xalda pantsi, to bear young to
no purpose i. e. offspring which habitually die.

u(lu)-Zalela (no pltir.), n. Hair or hairs
straggling out irregularly from the
others, not growing in the same direc-
tion, or longer than them, as on one's
head or moustache; a brimming fullness,
as of a river, etc. (see ukuti zalala).

Ex. sekugcwdc uxalela hvabantu endhlini,
it is already brimming full of people in the
hut.

um-Zalelwane, n. 1. = um-Zalwane.

um-Zali, n. 1. Parent, of either sex.

i(li)-Zalibeletwe (Zalibelethive), n. = i(li)-
Zanankande.

i(li)-Za-

ZA

/

i(li)-Zalipetwe (Zaliphethwe), n.
nankande.

Zalisa, v. Assist or cause to bring forth,
as a midwife does another woman (ace.)
at childbirth; hence, help another (ace.)
generally in anywork requiring strain-
ing, as to lift a heavy burden (used in
this sense by women); help to bring
forth talk, as one man another (ace.) by
suggesting words or prompting; change
a larger coin of money into smaller
change, apparently 'multiplying' it; fill
to the brim, as a bucket (ace.) with
water (with nga); cause money (ace.)
etc., to bear interest by banking, etc.

Ex. wux'ungixalise ixwi, come and help
me to speak (at the meeting, disputation,
or trial) i. e. assist me with words and
thoughts.

auungixaiise lo'mpondo, may you change
for me this sovereign into smaller coin.

Zalo, poss. adj. Its — see alo.

i-nZalo, n. Offspring, progeny, children,
young; interest, on stock or money.

isi-Zalo, n. Womb, of a female; origin of
a person i. e. his tribal name or that of
his clan ; mouth or outlet of a river i. e.
where it enters the sea (probably so
called from the fact that practically all
local l-ivers pour their waters into a
blind lagoon, the water filtering beneath
the sand into the sea ) — not properly
used of the outlet of one river into
another — see i-nTlangano ; source of a
river (used thus by up-country Natives,
though um-Tombo would be the more
correct expression).

Ex. oivapi icena, isixalo sakini? nging'o-
wahva'Zungu, of which clau are you? I am
of the Zungu clau.

u(lu)-Zalo, n. All those descended from the
same father. Cp. um-Quba.

um-Zalwane, n. 1. One of the same blood,
brother (C.N. - M).

Zama, ?>. Strive, exert oneself, as to <ln
anything; strive over or about, as any
particular work (ace.), or a person in
order to get him to do something. Cp.
liny a.

Zamana, c. Do with an effort or exertion,
struggle with (metaphor.), as anything
requiring an effort, or as a hugely Cat

person rising from the ground ( with no |.

Zamazama, v. Shake (intrans.), rock, move
about with quick vibrations, as a shaky
house, the earth in an earthquake, a
post unfirmly fixed in the ground, etc.
(cp. xega; ukuti zaka zaka); be shaky
or fidgety with desire to leave, do some-
thing, etc.

Zamazamisa, v. Shake (trans.), rock about,
make move rapidly about, as one might
a post (ace.) to loosen it from the
ground, or a person a rickety box, or
a drowsy person to rouse him.

Zamazisa, v. = zamazamisa.

um-Zamaziso, n. 5. String stretched with
feathers attached, to frighten birds, etc.
= um- S hay o.

i(li)-Zambane (Zambhane), n. Certain veget-
able cultivated by the Natives for its
small edible tubers; hence, potato (of
European variety ).

isi-Zambane (Zambhane), n. Garden of
i(li)-Zambane, as above.

Zambu, ukuti (Zdmbhu, ukuthi), v. = za-
mbula.

Zambula (Zambhula). v. Deal a person
(ace.) a violent blow on the body with
any stick, rod, or shambok = vita, da-
ntsula.

u-Zamcolo or Zamcole, n. Flood or deluge
— a name given to a certain famous
rain of eight days in April, 1856 (and
perhaps to other similar rains before
it) in which 'whole hillsides were wash-
ed away;' hence, applied to Biblical
Deluge [cp. Xo. u-Nogumbe, great flood
about 1818].

Zami, poss. adj. My — see ami.

Zamisa, v. Stir about with a spoon or
stick, as porridge (ace.) or utshwala. Cp.
govuza; bonda.

u-Zamjiki (s. k.), n. = um-Jikeni.

u-Zamlandela, n. Camphor, which like
many other chemicals is used as a love-
charm, girls irresistibly following after
a young-man who is carrying it!

Zamluka (s.k.),v. = zamuluka.

um-Zamo, n. 5. A striving, a straining
effort; great muscular or 'straining'
strength, as of a young-man whose

46

ZA

722

ZA

'strain" when wrestling, pulling, etc., is
powerful. See zama.

Zamula, v. Gape, yawn, with the mouth
when sleepy, etc.

Phr. uku-xamtila ngepimbo, to yawn with
the voice i. e. utter a great cry, scream, or
shriek = xamuluka.

Zamuluka (s. k.), v. Utter a great cry, wail,
scream, or shriek, as one being murder-
ed, or a woman when struck = dazuluka.

i(li)-Za-nambeleko (Za-nambheleko), n. =
> ( Ji )-Za nankande.

i(li)-Za-nankande (s. k.), n. Boy (or even
girl) who comes to the kraal bearing
his playing-darts (see u(lv)-Kande) i. e.
already grown up — a name applied to
any child not born in the kraal and
therefore not strictly belonging to it, as
a child accompanying a widowed mother
on her second marriage, an illegitimate
child born by one of the wives through
adultery, etc. (all these names are of
course disliked by the one to whom
applied) = i(li)-Zalibeletwe, i(li)-Veza-
ndhlebe, i(li)-Hlabaloku)?ibelzva, i(li)-
Gologodo.

um-Zane, n. 5. White ironwood, or Bastard
sneezewood (Toddalia lanceolata) (C.N.)
= u-Mozane.

Zanga, v. Get the better of, be too much
for, beat a person (ace), overcome, as
weeds in a field, or an amazing affair
= ahlula, tika; cp. tantata.

Ex. isisu sesimzangile uBani, the enlarged
abdomen of So-and-so ( from pregnancy ) has
quite overcome her (she cannot get up easily,
nor walk).
Zangana, v. = zanga.

Ex. us'exangene umsebenxi, he is quite
overcome or got the better of by (over-
abundance of) work.

i-nZanganzanga, n. A tottering old man
<>r woman already quite rickety on the
legs, so as to be unable to rise, walk
or run easily = i-nZanzamba. See za-
ngazela.

Zanga zanga, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti
zaka zaka, zangazela.

Zangazela, v. Be 'wobbly' or rickety on
the legs, when rising, walking or run-
ning, as a tottering old man or woman,
or a bullock quite powerless with fatigue
= zakazela, ukuti zanga zanga.

u-Zangqovu, n. An i(li)-Cimbi found on
the umu-Nga tree.

u-Zangqozi, n. as below only.

Ex. 'xangqoxi, 'zangqozi, besiti siyadhlala,
kanti nena uyakala, zangqozi, zangqozi, we
thought we were only playing and yet you,

you are crying — said by children to one of
their number whom their nlay has made
cry, etc.
u-Zankeva (s. k.), n. only in prov. below.

Phr. bengiye kwa 'Zankeva, ngafika ngadhla
amas'eiolc, I have been to Mr. Hungry's
(see uku-nkera), and got to eat some amas'e-
tole (or calfs-milk, this being the name of
a tree) — instead of being offered the proper
amasi.

u-Zanrreni, n. Certain marsh-plant, whose
very bitter roots are eaten as a stomach-
corrective at the opening of the summer
season. See esfuvama.

u-Zantleni, n. = u-Zanrreni.

i(li)-Zantsi (s.t.),n. The country down
along the coast; loc. ezantsi, down-
country. Cp. i(li)-Ntla [akin to pantsi\.

um-Zantsi (s. L), n. 5. South-east wind
(= u-Nomanyewu, um-Bokazana ) ; lower
part of one's body from the hips down-
wards; hence, frock, of females [akin to
pantsi].

Ex. uBani noBani bang'umxantsi, So-and-
so and So-and-so are down-country or coast
people (sometimes with plur.). Cp. umu-Ntla.

Zantungwana — see is-Antungtvana.

um-Zanyana, n. 1. Placenta or afterbirth,
of women bearing ; nurse-child i. e. child
to take care of a newly-born infant =
um-Lizanyana. Cp. um-Hlapo.

i-nZanzamba (Zanzambha), n. = i-nZa-
nganzanga.

o-Zaqa (Zaqha), no sing. n. Equal rivals,
neither able to get the better of another,
as in racing, disputing, wrestling, hoeing,
etc. See uku-tana vate.

Ex. kwatolana (bambema, etc^ oxaqa, there
got hold of one another equal rivals, Greek
met Greek.

Zaso, poss. adj. Its — see aso.

Zatazela (Zathazela), v. = vabazela.

Zate, ukutana (Zathe, ukuthana), v. =
ukutana vate.

Zatu, ukuti (Zathu, ukuthi), v. = zatula;
zatuza.

isi-Zatu (Zathu), n. Sharp, ill-tempered,
snappish tongue; (C.N. fr. Xo.) starting-
point or origin, as of any matter (= isi-
Qu, isi-Deku).

Zatula (Zathula), v. Strike, or deal a
person (ace.) a sharp blow with a stick
or shambok (= zambula); take out
deeply or largely with both hands or
a dish, as grain or salt (ace.) from a
sack (= zacula). See zatuza.

i-nZatula (Zathula), n. = i-nZawu. See
zatula.

ZA

723

ZE

Zatuza (Zathuza), v. Rite sharply, nip, as
a dog, black-beetle, or a snake the body
of a person (ace.); also = zatula.

u-Zavolo, n. Goat-sucker, or Nightjar, of
which there are five varieties ( Capri-
mulgiis Natalensis ; C. europaeus, etc.).

N.B. The cry of this bird is said to be
'Zavolo.' 'Zavolo. f sengeVabantabako! Zarolo!
Zavolo! milk for thy children! — which is
curiously reminiscent of the old-fashioned
European idea that these birds have the
custom of sucking the teats of gouts during
the night.

Zavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Open or expose
broadly anything (ace.) of a 'cavernous'
nature, as the nostrils, a female the
pudenda, etc. (= ukuti habu, zavuza ) ;
also = zavula.

Zavula, v. Rite 'a great hole' in one (ace),
bite severely (generally), as any animal
with long tusky teeth.

Ex. nmshaye, wamxavula ebusweni, he
pitched into him, biting great lumps out of
his face.

i-nZavula, n. Long formidable tooth, or
tusk, as of a wild-beast, such as can bite
a 'great hole' in anything (mostly used
in plur.); person with long front-teeth
or 'tusks' := i-nGovolo.

Zavuza, v. = ukuti zavu.

Zawo, p oss. adj. Its (with

5th. cl. sing, having the

their (with nouns of the

having the prefix ama).

Zawu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = zawula; zawuza.

i-nZawu, n. Sharp-tongued, angrily snap-
pish, ill-tempered person (= i-nZatula,
u-Nomzatu); member of the first girl's
i(li)-buto formed by Dingana, and next
following the i(li)-Cenyane.

Zawula, v. Cut small slits or incisions in
the skin (ace), as for rubbing in medi-
cine (= rrawula, ycaba; cp. u(lu)-Hla-
nga); also = zaivuza.

Zawuza, v. Cut away at a person (ace.)
with sharp angry talk, snap away at
him, as an ill-tempered sharp-tongued
person turning on one, scolding, etc.;
also = zawula. See i-nZawu.

Zsyo,poss.adj. Its (with nouns of the
3rd. cl. sing, having the prefix i-n);
their (with nouns of the 5th. cl. plur.
having the prefix imi).

Zaza or Zazela (Zaaza), v. Move round
about, here and there, close at hand,
seeking a chance of getting at something,
as a bull at the cow (ace. with ela form ),
birds at the corn in a field, or a person

nouns of the
prefix umu);
2nd. cl. plur.

seeking an opportunity t<> fight or speak
with another. Cp. tilazila.
u-Zaza (Zaaza), n. Certain variety of the
Native i(li)-Durnbi (not the u-Dumbe-
dumbe), having long-shaped tubers. Cp.
i(l.i)-Duvibi.

ili or i-nZaza, n. Torpedo-fish (Torpedo
marmorata) (N) = isi-Tetemezi.

Zazalaza, v. = ukuti zazalazi.

Zazalazeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti zazalazi.

Zazalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Drop drown
suddenly or instantly, as an animal shot
in a vital part, or a person dying sud-
denly (= zazalazeka); make so drop
down, or bring down, instantly, at a
single blow, etc., as a buck (ace), etc.
(= zazalaza) = ukuti po, ukuti ntla-
ntlalazi.

ubu-Zaze or Zazi (Zaaze), n. Reluctance
of one thing to allow itself to be got at
by another, as the cow keeping the
bull constantly on the look out for an
opportunity, or its calf whose sucking
it dislikes (see zazela); tickling sensa-
tion, as felt in one's hand when warm.

Zazo, poss. adj. Their — see azo.

Ze.adj. and adv. Empty; emptily; naked;
nakedly ; worthless, of no value — this
word is always joined as a final affix
to verbs or pronouns [Her. omu-zu,
nakedness; zema, to empty; Sw. wazi,
bare; uchi, naked; Ga. erere, empty,
naked].

Ex. lesiya'sitsha sinani pakati? Qa! sixr
iijc, what is there in that vessel? No, it is
just empty.

nku-lala-xe, hlala-xe, hamba-xe, bnya-xr,
muka-xe, to lie naked, sit or live with-
out anything, go naked, or unloaded ( as a
wagon), come back empty-handed, go away
empty-handed.

i(li)-Ze, n. A nothing, thing of no value
or consequence; rubbishy nonsensical
talk.

Ex. ixitsha lexi mbehmgu life i\c, these
vessels of the whiteman break at nothing
?'. e. at a mere touch.

7igisrhenxela ixe, I work for a mere no-
thing, a woithless wage. Cp. isi-Hlr.

bayaiu/on'ixc tije, they make me a no-
thing, a thing of no account, disregard me
as worthless.

uhamba (or ukuluma, etcj ngexe, you go
(speak, etc.) in vain, to no purpose.

ubu-Ze,?/. Emptiness; nakedness; nothing-
ness—used adverbially as ze in con-
junction with verbs e. y. hamba, laid,
buy a, etc.

46*

ZE 724

Ex. kanti sisahlexi'buxe nje (isitsha), it
[the vessel) is actually still empty.

Zeca, v. = juqula, ukuti zece.

Zece, ukuti (ukiithi), v. — ukuti juqu.

i-nZece, n. Person who habitually thrusts
himself abruptly into other people's
business, disputes, etc., and, to his own
satisfaction, settles them off by a single
word. See ukuti zece.

Zefe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti zavu.

Zefeza. v. = ukuti zavu.

Zeka fs. k.), v. Mount or cover the cow
(ace), as the bull— the word is only used
of cattle and similar animals (= zeta;
cp. beba — see note below); relate (in
social or conversational manner), tell, as
a story (ace.) or adventure (= xoxa;
cp. landisa); (C.N.) marry (simply),
take to wife, as a man any female (ace.)
[akin to jeka].

S.B. Care must be taken in the use of
this word. The thought among the Zulus
being obscene, referring solely to the male
action, its application to human-beings is
with them extremely vulgar and never per-
missible in respectable society, although iu
reference to cattle (cp. also beba) it is the
common expression and can be quite de-
cently used by males or females. It is the
local equivalent of the Natal word jeka,
now obsolete in Zululaud, save for the pur-
poses of hlonipa, and with which it is ety-
mologically identical.

In Natal, on the other hand, the word
teka, having altogether lost its original and
coarser meaning, can be used in quite res-
pectable society, expressing, as it does, sim-
ply 'to marry, take to wife', without any
further qualification of thought. In writing
literature for Native use, the words ganwa,
lata, etc., should be adopted.

Ex. indaba ngiyayixeka, y'ini? do I then
speak of the affair? = it is quite too much
tor me (as any utterly amazing matter), it
quite beats me.
i-nZeka (s. k.), n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Rrezelo.
u-Zekamanzi (s.k.),n. Dragon-fly = u-Jeka-
manzi.

S.B. The word is disliked in Zulu land as
vulgar ; females there would probably use
u-Jekamanvi as a euphemistic substitute.
The contrary would hold good for Natal.

isi-Zeke (s.k.),n. (C.N.) = isi-Gwadi.

Zekeca fs. k.), v. Carry reports, or inform
against a person (ace.) to others or the
chief, as to his private doings or say-
ings = ceba, Mala. Cp. tatela.

i(li)-Zekecela (s. k. — gen. used in plur.), n.
Any of the raised projections on the

ZE

surface of anything rough with horny
protuberances or scaly elevations, as the
back of a crocodile, the skin of a moni-
tor, the rough foot-skin of some Natives,
or a wall with lumps of dried mud un-
evenly bespattered upon it. Cp. i(li)-
Zinga.
um-Zekeci (s. k.), n. 1. or 5. One given to
acting as above. Cp. um-Sheshengwana ;
u-Tasi.
Zekela (s. k.), v. Relate or tell to a person
(ace.) in a social or conversational man-
ner, as a story (ace.) or adventure ( =
xoxela; cp. landisa); (C.N.) engage a
wife for a person ( doub. ace.), as a father
for his son.
Zekelela (s.k.),v. Go 'longly' into an af-
fair (ace.) when relating it, multiplying
words by going into every circumstance;
hence, go a long way round, as to get
to any place (= zombelezela) = zenge-
lela.
u(lu)-Zekezeke (s.k.),n. Persistent keeping
on at a thing, never giving in or making
an end of it, as with any talk, complaint,
or work which in spite of recurrent dif-
ficulties one still goes on with (with
na of person) = u(lti)-Nembe; also i-nZe-
nzane.
Zekisa (s. k), v. Tell or relate thoroughly
to a person some affair or story (doub.
ace.) in a social or conversational man-
ner. Cp. zekela; landisa.
isi-Zeko (s. k.), n. Amiable disposition in

a husband towards a wife (C.N.).
Zela, v. Come for something (ace.).

Ex. uku-zi-xela, to come on one's own
account.

kaxelanga ukueita umteto, he did not come
(for) to destroy the law.
i(li)-Zele, n. Stalk of the mealic, amabele,
or similar reed-like plant, while still
green (cp. u(lu)-Hlanga; i-mB/)dlilo-
ngo); body of a person when "nicely
glossy and fresh-looking, showing good
health (cp. u(lu)-Hlanga).
i(li)-Zele (Zeele), n. -Small conical grass-
hut or wigwam for preserving grain in
a kraal = isi-Ngxoko. Cp. i-nGoma.
ubu-Zele, n. Discharge of blood, etc., from
the womb following immediately upon
the expulsion of a child = um-Zenze.
Zeleza, v. Act as a person with u(lu)-Ze-

kezeke (N).
Zelezeka (s. k.), v. = ukuti zele zele.
Zele zele, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be comfort-
ably off, lead a life of ease and plenty, as
a rich man, or a woman married into a
well-off family. Cp. bunusa.

ZE

725

ZI

Isi, or i-nZema or Zemazema, n. Any
very big, heavy, bulky thing, as a great
stone, heavy log, or unusually heavy
child = i(li)-Dbitsi. Cp. nzima.

um-Zemane, n. 5. Certain soft-wooded
coast tree (N).

be (Zembhe), n. Native axe or
aTcher, consisting of a wooden handle
with a triangular iron blade fixed in by
a spoke near the end and in a direction
parallel with the handle (cp. is-Ampo-
twe); small iron instrument for scrap-
ing hides ; certain disease ( really several
different diseases), appearing as dysen-
tery, bleeding from bladder, bleeding
from the stomach, kidney diseases,
culminating sometimes in insanity, and
so on, and contracted, only by men, as
below (= u(lu)-Jovela, isi-Kuba, i-Nya-
mazane); medicine, etc., used in the
treatment of such disease (in Natal
mostly confined to this last sense of
'medicine' only) [Kamb. zembe, hoe; Ze.
gembe; Sw. jembe; Ga. nkumbi].

N.B. When a husband suspects his wife
of infidelity, he treats her with certain me-
dicines, which have the magical effect of
inducing the i-Zembe disease in her paramour
on the occasion of their next iutercourse,
and lor which disease turkey-fat. mixed with
other ingredients, is a potent remedy! See
um-Srxi.

Again, a man who, in battle or otherwise,
has killed another, contracts ( potentially,
though not actually) a similar disease; and
in order to clear himself of it, he must, be-
fore re-entering his kraal, go through an
elaborate course of purification (see qunga).
He must carry on his head a spray of the
■i(li)-Pi)iyantloya plant, must treat himself
with all manner of herbs, must abstain from
several kinds of food, and above all must
remain and sleep out on the veldt, until he
has had sexual intercourse with some strange
female (or in case of necessity, any boy) he
may chance to come across {uku-sula ixembe),
which female in turn, though experiencing
no inconvenience herself, will transmit the
disease to her present or even future hus-
band upon the occasion of their intercourse.

ama-Zende, n. Certain tree bearing yellow
edible berries ; berries of same.

Zenene, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti ntsenene.

Zeneneka (s. k.), v. = ntseneneka.

Zeneneza, v. ±= ntseneneza.

Zenga, v. = denga; also tenga; also zeke-
lela.

ama-Zenga or Zengwa, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-
Zekecela.

i-nZenga, n. (C.N.) = i-Nungu.

u(lu)-Zenga, ». Long, round-about path,
or drawled out story. Sec zenga. <'\>.
i(li)-Zombe.

Zengazenga, v. = tenga (s.t).

ama-Zenge, w. (N) = i(li)-Zekeceta.

Zengebula, v. = tenga (s.t.).

Zengelela, v. = zekelela.

Zengemula, v. = tenga (s.t.).

i-nZengenzenge, n. = i-nTengantenga.

Zengezela, v. = tengezela.

Zenu, poss. adj. Your — see enu.

Zenzalaza, v. = ukuti po.

Zenzalazi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti po.

i-nZenzane, n. Itch or scabies, a skin-
disease caused by the itch-mite and
causing intense itching = u(hi)-Zekezeke\
cp. i-mPehla.

i(li)-Zenze,w. (C.N.) = i(li)-Zeze.
isi-Zenze, n. Dwarf, pigmy; (C.N.) scissors,
shears (cp. isi-Nqindi).

Phr. ilanya selidhliwe ixixenxe, the sun
has now sunk below the horizon (lit. has
been eaten up by the pigmies, — perhaps the
last remaining tradition of the fact that at
sometime in their history the Zulus had the
pigmy tribes as their western neighbours |.

ukudhla kudhliwe ixix,enxe, the food has
been eaten up by pigmies i. e. has been
cleared off in no time, as at a feast when
the people are in greater proportion than
the food.
um-Zenze, n. 5. = ubu-Zele.

Phr. uBani ivaxala y'ini? icalahla umuntu,
wabuya nomxenxe, did then So-and-so bear
anything? why she threw away the child,
and kept the blood-flow — said <>f a woman
whose parturition has been a failure tbr. m>rli
the infant dying, etc.
Zeta (Zetha),v. = zeka (not quite so vul-
gar as latter word).

Zetu (Zethu), poss. adj. Our — see etu.

Ze ze, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be here and there,
not close or thick together, scattered
about, as when one meets with goats in
every third or fourth kraal, or mealies
growing in patches in a field (more
numerous than gqivaba gqwaba).

i(li)-Zeze, n. Flea = i-nTwakumba, i(li)-
Kululu [Sw. inzi, fly comp. the similar-
ity of the word i-nTwa-kumba with the
word umu-Twa (Bushman, dwarf), and
that between the word i(li)-Zenze or
Zeze (flea) and isi-Zenze ( dwarf, pigmy) |.

Zi, pers.pron. They -used with nouns
plur. of the 3rd., 4th., ami 6th. classes,

having the prefix izi.

Zi, reflect. pron. Self; selves.

V

726

Zl

Ex. )igi-xi-shaya, I strike myself; wa-xi-
shaya, he struck himself; bayaku-xi-shaya,
they will strike themselves.

is7-Zi (isii-Zi), ». Confiscated property
(collectively) of any and every descrip-
tion (cattle, children, wives, etc.) taken
by the chief from any particular kraal,
whose owner has been killed by the
king's order or has died without heirs.

u m u - Z i , n. 5. Kraal ; people of a kraal,
family; sometimes applied to a whole
tribe or nation ( cp. i-nDhlu) [Her. oru-
ze, chief village; Ga. azi, village; Sw.
mji\ MZT. mu-nzi).

Ex. amasi as'emxini, curds of the kraals
( i. e. strange kraals, of no relationship with
the speaker).

abantu bas'emxini, strangers, not of the
family or clan.

kits' emxini, at the kraal of one's wife's
family, one's wife's home = kus'ebulanda.

P. induku kayina'muxi, the stick has no
kraal = where there is much quarrelling
and fighting, the family will not flourish.

umu-Zi (umuu-Zi — with plur.,), n. 5. Cer-
tain kind of grass, used for platting
women's girdles, roof-mats, etc.

Ex. umuxi ofelwe utwale ixinqwaxi xe-
mixi, a family {i.e. wives thereof) who have
been died for (by the husband) carry (round
their head) circlets of timuxi-grasB.

u(lu)-Zi (no plur.),n. Sewing-fibre, in any
state, whether as the whole growing plant
or tree, the rough un stringed bark or
stalk brought home from the forest, or
the strings when already twisted for
use [Sw. u-zi, thread; Ga. bwuzi; Bo.
Sag. lu-zi).

Phr. sadhla isiji?igi esimnandi, sas'ebula
uxi nje, we ate a nice pumpkin-mash, it was
like stripping off the wet fibre-bark (it slid
down so softly and pleasantly) — only used
of soft semi-solid foods.

Zfba, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = ukuti zibe.

Ziba, v. Pretend not to hear, as undesir-
able talk (ace. with ela form ), or a call-
ing person whom one doesn't wish to
listen to; pretend not to see or notice,
as undesirable doings of another, or as
a lazy person when scamping work ;
pretend not to understand what one is
talking about or referring to (not to
openly declare ignorance of), as when
a policemen comes for a concealed fu-
gitive; make people (ace.) not to see or
notice something by purposely drawing
off their eyes or attention to something
else, blind one ( metaphor.), as a con-
jurer or a practised thief; make not to
be seen, cover over so as to appear as

though there were nothing there, as
does the grass the paths (ace.) when
growing long in summer, or the wind
footmarks in the sand, or as one does
seed by raking the soil over it = sizi-
yela, sivelela, talalisa; cp. tufela [Sw.
shiba, be full up; Ga. ziba, close or
stop up the eyes].

Ex. wakidata, esixiba ngendaba, he took
it while blinding us with a story.

ilanya selixitshwe amafu, the sun is now
covered over by the clouds.

isi-Ziba, n. Deep hole-like basin, or deep
pool, such as are of frequent recurrence
here and there along the course of local
rivers and streams. Cp. u(lu)-Zwa; iflij-
Cibi [Sw. ki-zitva, pond; Bo. ziwa; Her.
otyi-zeva, pool; MZT. chi-liba, well].

P. xonke ixixiba xogewala intlabati, all
river-pools will become filled with earth =
everything gets covered up, forgotten, comes
to an end in time (N).

isi-ZTba (Ziiba), n. Patch of skin for mend-
ing the isidwaba of a woman; hence,
patch generally; skin covering for the
penis worn in former times by men =
isi-Cibi.

u-Zibandhlela, n. Month beginning about
or after the middle of October, and fol-
lowing next after u-Mfumfu, lit. the
time when the paths are overgrown =
u-Lwezi, u-Dhlolo.

i(li)-Zibantonto, n. Certain fish {Exoeoctus
spilonopterus) (N).

ZVbe, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Come over dark,
hazy, or shadowy, as in the evening
time, or during daytime when black
clouds cover the sky, or one's vision
( amehlo ) when giddy or about to faint.

i - n Z i b e , n. Darkness or haziness that
comes over the eyes from vertigo or
fainting. Cp. isi-Zunguzane.

Zibekela (s.k.),v. = sibekela.

Z'ibu, ukuti (ukuthi), v Hurl an assegai
(ace.) so that it get fixed standing up-
right in the ground ; fix itself upright
in the ground, as an assegai so hurled
( cp. ukuti nko ) ; also = zibula.

i(li)-Z7bu (Ziibu), n. Species of water-lily
(Nymphcea stellata).

i(li)-Zibuko (s. k.), n. Drift, ford, on a
river; nocturnal seminal emission (cp.
ama-Ja) [MZT. zubuka, cross a river;
Ga. somoka; Sw. vuka; ki-vuko, drift;
Bo. ki-buga, gonorrhoea; Ga. n-zaku],
Phr uku-shaywa ixibuko, to have a noc-
turnal emission, as a young-man. S^e ama-
Nxi.

uku-kupuka exibukweni, to come up from

Zl

727

the seminal emission i. c. to have it become
effective, to conceive, as a wife. Sec ama-
Nxi.

wambonga, wamwelisa ngamaxibuko mike,
he praised him and carried him (in triumph)
over all the drifts — may mean, lie extolled
him abundantly, or abused him roundly.
Zibukula (s. k.), v. = sibukula.

Zibula, v. Bear offspring for the first time,
^ as man or beast.

Ex. waxibula ngomfana, she opened with
a boy-child.

i(li)-Zibule, n. = i(li)-Zibulekazana.

i(li)-Zibulekazana (s.k.), n. Heifer that has

already calved once. Cp. isi-Tole.
i(li)-Zibulo, n. First-born, of man or beast.

Cp. i(li)-Tumbu.

Ex. umntwana wake wexibulo (or warria-
xibulo), her first-born child.

u-Zibute (Zibuthe), n. Magnetic stone, used
as charm for 'drawing' the girls.

ZTca, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — zicazela.

u(lu)-Zica,w. Tough-natured thing (=u(lu)-
Nama, u(lu)-Zivenda, u(lu)-Zbeo, u(lu)-
Sololo); used as adj. 'luzica — see Lu-
nama.

Zicalazela, ?>. = zicazela.

Zicazela, v. Go in a stiff-legged, stilted man-
ner, as one with some disability in the
lower limbs, or as some people natur-
ally.

Zika (s. k.), v. Go down to the bottom,
sink to the bottom, as anything heavy
thrown into water, or sediment settling
in a bottle of liquid; go off out of sight,
disappear after being called, as a child ;
go to the bottom, get dropped, as a
law-dispute that has been given up ;
sing in a deep voice i. e. taking on a
very lowr pitch, as men or women; go
deeply into an affair, as when examining
a witness [Sw. shuka, descend].

Ex. us'ezikile-pi? where has he disap-
peared to now? — as one who has been
summoned and suddenly disappears.

indaba is'ixiktle, the affair lias gone to
the bottom, been dropped.

i-nZika (s.k.),n. Sediment, dregs, when

settled = izi-Bidi; cp. i-nGqubu.
Zikalala, ukuti (ukuthi; s. k.), v. = ukuti lo-

tololo.

Ex. sekuti tikcdala (esiswini), it has now

calmed down, as the pangs of hunger after

one has received food.

ubu-Zikazikane (s.k.),n. Tickling, itching
sensation, as sometimes felt in the band
or foot and which makes one scratch.
Cp. i-nZenzane.

.Make go down to the

um-Ziki (Ziiki), n. 5. = i-nTlangu.

um-Zikilili (s. k.), n. 6. (C.N.) = u,„-Singi-
I Hi.

Zikisa (s. k.), r.
bottom.

Phr. lo'mfaxi uxdkiaa kwesake (isi.su), tliis
wife is greedy, mean; in giving to others
she just takes off the top of the porridge,

but for her own belly she makes the B] n

go down to the bottom.

Zikiza (s. k.), v. = junduza.

u-Zikiza (s. k.), n. Mr. Blunt-one — an isi-
bongo of some young-men, perhaps i>>-
cause their wooing of the girls somehow
never 'cuts home'.

ZTki zTki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.),v. = jundu-
za, zikiza.

ubu-ZVkiziki (s.k.),n. A cutting or 'saw-
ing' away at a thing with a blunt in-
strument, as a knife (not a saw).

i(li)-Ziko (s.k.), n. Circular earthen border
made in the centre of a Native but to
enclose the fire-place; hence, the spot
or fire-place enclosed by such a border;
hence, any spot whereon fire is habit-
ually made, as the lightning-fireplace
(iziko lezuhi) where medicine is custom-
arily burnt to charm away lightning, or
the cattle-fireplace (iziko lezinkomo), a
spot within the kraal where cattle-charms
are burnt at certain periods ; pi. ama-
Ziko, encampment of an impi [Her. e-
zuko, fireplace ; Sw. meko\.

Ex. kubeke exiko, put it on the fireplace.
isi-Ziko (s.k.), n. Any round mark left by
fire or burning, as the circle of baked
earth where a fireplace has formerly
been, a 'fairy-ring' on the veldt where
lightning is said to have struck, a round
scar on one's body as where burnt, or
a round spot generally, as on any cloth.

um-Zikululu (s.k.),n.5. (C.N.) = um-Si-
ngilili.

Zila, v. Abstain from doing something in
accordance with custom or ordinance,
as from work (ace. — on the morrow of
a hail-storm, or at the change of moon ),
from sleep (at the death of a person in
the kraal), from certain words (such as
a woman is required t<» hlonipa », from
certain kinds of food upon particular
occasions, etc. [Bo. zila, abhor; diza,
abstain ; Cong, ki-zila, a fetish proba-
bly akin to ukuti site],

Ex. lelo'gamu ngiyulixila, I abstain from
that word, as a woman might say when she
hlonipa's a particular name.

A'//. The uku-xtla of the Zulus is oue
and the same thing, under another name,

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728

Zl

as the fetish (ki-xila) of the Negroes and
the tabu or taboo of the Polynesians. It is
one of the few remaining links still connect-
ing them in origin with this latter race. It
may probably be correctly regarded as a
part of the 'religion' of these primitive
peoples. Its object is to ensure reverence for
tilings that are feared, and flagrant disrespect
towards which may result in evil befalling
the whole tribe or family. Transgressions of
its established ordinances, mainly prohibitory,
are, therefore, the 'sacrileges' of this relig-
ious system. The custom of hlonipa is simply
the uku-xila, or fetish, as applied to lang-
uage, the tabu ot certain words.

The Zulu word uku-xila is manifestly of
one origin with the word ukuti xile ( to be
black, hence by inference, dark, awe-inspir-
ing, feared). As a witness that this was the
primary meaning of the word, we find the
days of prohibition or abstinence, referred to
above, still technically called by the Zulus
)i(lu)-Suku olumnyama (a black day) or
u(lu)-Suku hvexilo (a day of a dark, feared
thing).

um-Zila, n.o. Broad track generally con-
sisting of several paths alongside each
other, such as are made by a herd of
cattle going habitually that way, or by
an impi = um-Kenene; also = i-mVi-
mba. Cp. um-Gudu [MZT. in-zila, road;
Lu. n-jila; Bo. sila; Sw. n-jia; Her.
o-ndyira\.

um-Zila-nyoni, n. 5. Certain hard-wooded
coast tree, whose bark is used to stay
bleeding at the nose; also certain bush
supposed to be poisonous, and so avoid-
ed by birds, and used by abatakati as
an umbulelo.

Phr. uBani uy'isildahla somxilauyoni,
So-and-so is an umxilanyoni bush (to which
no birds come) — said of a young-man dis-
carded by the girls.

Zi'lazila, v. Move restlessly about, here
and there, with some desire or intention,
as a stranger who wishes to get the
chance of speaking with somebody ( ace.
with ela form ), or a thief seeking an
opportunity of getting at something, or
as a man who, though seated among a
company, keeps constantly looking at a
person as though he would like to say
something to him = ziyaziya. Cp. zaxe-
la.

Zile, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be quite or very
black = ukuti kace. See zila.

Zileba, v. — see Leba.

um-Zilikihli (s.k.),n.5. Tall and very fat
person, male or female.

u-Zilile, ?*. Variety of imfe, q.v.

u-Zililo.w. Carrion Flower (Stapelia gi-
gantea), a cactus-like creeper used as a
love-charm by young-men. See isi-Bete-
lelo.

i(li)-Zilo, n. An abstaining or abstinence
(with u(lu)-Suku). See zila.

Ex. ng'olwezilo namhlanje, knfe inyanga
ixolo, it is a day of abstinence (from work)
to-day, for yesterday the moon died.

isi-Zilo (Zilo), n. Coal shale, or coal itself,
taken from near Mpande's Empangiswe-
ni kraal, and used by women for black-
ening their isi-divaba, by blacksmiths
for making coke, and ( C.N. ) put into
a basket of seed for good fortune ( prob.
so called from its black colour — see zi-
la, ukuti zile).

u-Ziluba, n. Supposed father of the heron
( C.N. ) See u-Tektvane.

Zima, adj. Heavy, as a box or affliction
(see st?ida); weighty, impressing with
importance, imposing, as an order from
a great person, or the personality itself
of such a great one (cp. isi-Tunzi) ;
serious, grievous, as an affair or fault;
difficult, hard, as work or tasks given
to a labourer to do; black or dark-
skinned (mostly used of young females
and cows ) ; strong, forcible, or awe-
inspiring, as the current of a river from
its apparent heaviness on the body of
one crossing; crowded, full with people,
as a kraal or room (see isi-Kutu) =
nzima. See zimazisa [Her. zeu, heavy ;
Reg. nyema; Sw. zito; Ga. zitoa\.

Ex. sekuxima manje, kufike umnumxana,
hade kulula engeko, it is now weighty (in
the kraal) since the kraal-head has arrived;
it was quite light while he was away.

axima amanxi alowo 'mfula, they are heavy
(i. e. strong ) are the waters or current of
that river ( when they bear down upon one ).

ubu-Zima, n. Heaviness; seriousness;
weight, impressiveness; difficulty, hard-
ness ; force, strength — see zima.

i(li)-Zimakazi (s.k.),n. Dark-skinned girl.

i-nZimakazi (s.k.),n. Black cow.

Zimalaza, v. (C.N.) = zabalaza.

um-Zimandhlela, n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Ncele.

isi or um-Zimane, n. 5. Certain forest tree,
Black Ironwood (Olea latirifolia), used
as clyster for backache.

Zimaza, v. = zimazisa.

i-nZimazana n. Small black cow, or heifer.

Zimazisa. v. Give imposingness, impres-
siveness, weight, prestige, etc., to a person
(ace), etc., as a herd of cattle in a kraal
lend it a certain superior appearance,

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729

Zl

or as a high-class girl brings a certain
importance to the inferior man she has
married. Cp. lulaza. See zima; zimula.
i(li)-ZTmba (Ziimbha), n. Ear or panicle
of the i-mFe reed; sometimes applied to
growing imfe generally, by women, who
fear to call it by its own name, 'lest it
become a failure'; also (N) = i(li)-Wili.
[Xo. ama-zimba, Kafir-corn].

i-nZImba (Ziimbha), n. That quality in a
person, etc., which imposes, is command-
V ing of respect, impresses with greatness
> or power; hence, moral weight, prestige,
influence ; nobleness, dignity, as is mani-
fest in the face and bearing of a high-
born person = isi-Tunzi.

Ex. umuntu ongena'nximba, common-class,
low person.

ubadhlula ngenzimba, he overcomes them,
gets power over them by his appearauce of
rank, dignity, weight, etc.
um-Zimba (Zimbha), re. 5. Body, of man
or animal [Lu. mu-jimba; Reg. ki-tumba,
dead body ; Son. ga, body].

P. umximba uxwiwa nghtmnvndwo, the

body is felt by its owner = each one feels
his own pain (though unknown to others).

ubu-Zimba (Zimbha), n. Normal bodily
quality or state, as below; (C.N.) also
= i-nQina.

Ex. umximba ivake sowubuyele ebupiimbeni
bawo, his body has now returned to its
proper or normal state (after being emaciated
by sickness).

i(li)-Zimbane (Zimbhane), re. Certain strip-
ed deep-sea fish (N).

isi-Zimbati (Zimbhathi),n. = in-Gqikiti.

um-Zimb'omubi (Zimbh'omubi), re. 5. Scro-
fula, generally recognized by the Natives
by scrofulous swellings, glandular tu-
mours, etc.

A7. B. This constitutional taint is almost
universal among the Zulus, and is a cause
of many of their bodily ailments.

Zimbu, ukuti (Zimbhu, uknthi), v.= zimbu-
ka; zimbula.

Zimbuka (Zimbhuka), v. Get lifted bodily
up, as below.

Zimbula (Zimbhula), v. Lift or raise up
bodily anything of bulk or heaviness,
as a great stone (ace), or pot, or as the
wind 'lifts out' a tree from the ground,
or a man of inferior quality winning
for himself a wife in any way much
superior to himself (cp. zimula). Cp.
fukula; sibukula.

um-Zime, n. 5. Well-built, full-limbed
person (male or female), standing well
on his pins = um-Zimelela.

u(lu)-Zime, //. Walking-staff (-.. v(ht)-l!<,-
ko); one of the heads or 'pillars' of a
family i.e. one of the chief men thereof.

Zimelela, v. = simelehi.

um-Zimelela, n. 5. = um-Zime.

um-Zimkulu (Zimkhulu — \oc. em-Zimkulu),
n. 5. Chief or head kraal of any family.
Cp. i-nZalamixi.

Zimpunyu (C.N.) —see i-mPunyn.

Zi'mu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = zimuka; zimula.

i(li)-Zimu, n. Cannibal - of whom there
were still some in Natal, etc., during the
upheaval caused among the clans by
Shaka during the early years of last
century [see um-Zimu].

um-ZTmu (Ziimu),n. 5. Spirit -the word
being now obsolete, save in phrase
below [Bwa. ma-zimu, spirit; Da. mu-zi-
mo, ancestral spirit; Sag. i-zimu, evil
spirit; Bo. ku-zimu, place of departed
spirits; .Ga. msamiza, familial- spirit;
Her. mu-sisi, ancestral spirit; (hi. m-kis-
si, ancestral spirit or image thereof;
At. mimi, ghost].

Phr. inkotno yomximu (or yemiximu), a

beast of the spirit i.e. slaughtered for it.

Zimuka (s.k.), v. Be or get large in body
or bulk, as a pumpkin, sweet potato,
etc.; be or get big i. e. very fat (not gen.
of mere large bony or muscular build -
see j aha), as a man or bullock (used
in perf. — cp. kulupala).

Ex. uximukile lo'mlungu, this whiteman
is big i. e. large and stout ( ukulupele, would
mean rather 'he has fattened or grown fat,'
as after a previous thinness).

Zimula, v. Do largely i.e. in a great-sized
manner, as a woman bearing an unu-
sually big infant (ace), a tree growing
an unusually large fruit, a man making
a very large basket, or the wind blow-
ing down a very large tree.

Ex. uHlati waximida iiitonibi ka'Bani,
Hlati did off (i.e. got in marriage) tin-
great daughter (i.e. large of body, or gnat
by birth) of So-and-so.

umuti tcaximttieka pantsi, the tree got

done hugely down i.e. the

huge tree was

brought down to the ground (by the wind i.

i(li)-Zi'muzimu, n. = i(li)-Zimu.

isi-ZTnda (Ziinda), n. Contents of any
vessel, as water or grain, when filling
it somewhat more than half; a 'good
half (somewhat less than an isi-Qentu I;
certain hut, and more especially the
eldest son thereof, appointed by the
father of every well-established Zulu
kraal to be the 'formal head' of the
family in his own stead after his de-

/

21

730

Zl

cease; origin, original facts or essence,
of an affair.

y.B. This hut, or son, though in prece-
dence ranking below the i-nDklunkulu, i(li)-
Kohlwa, and i-nQadi, is nevertheless called
and regarded by them, after their parent's
death, as their uyise, and consequently all
family disputes, etc., are, as a matter of
courtesy, invariably referred to him in the
first instance. Being the appointed repre-
sentative of the deceased kraal-head, he
always remains as chief occupant of the old
kraal, the inkosana, ikoldwa, aud inqadi
generally moving off, after the father's death,
to establish their own kraals. But the po-
sition of the isiZinda is merely formal; he
inherits absolutely uo rights nor property of
any kind (save that of his own hut), and
has no concern with the estate or liabilities
left by his father. See i-nDklunkulu.

Zindela, v. Hold back or hesitate in doing,
do reluctantly or after doubting delay,
as when obeying, or giving consent. Cp.
denga [Sw. sita, hesitate].

Zindhla, v. Cogitate, ponder, consider,
meditate about any matter (with nga),
as of one's plans or action. Cp. caba-
nga [Sw. azima, purpose].

Zindhlekela (s.k.),v. Think for, presume
for a person (ace), i. e. assume a know-
ledge of his thoughts and actions; hence,
imagine for (in a bad sense), suspect
knowledge or guiltiness in a person
(ace.) = cabangela.

Ex. mus ' ukuxindhlekela omunye umuntu,
you should not entertain thoughts of sus-
picion about another.

i(li)-Zinga fmostly used in plur. ama-Zi-
nga), n. Narrow ridge, wrinkle, corru-
gation, or running elevation as formed
between two closely-placed grooves, or
by the overlapping of scales, etc., as
exist along the belly of a snake or the
back of a millipede, or the rings on the
horn of a cow, or the grooved patterns
of some lamps and vases. Cp. i(li)-
Zekecela [Sw. finyo, wrinkle].

Ex. isitsha esina/maxdnga, a grooved vase
i the Native mind, however, thinking of the
parallel elevations between the grooves).

i-nZinga, Zingamawa, Zingamaweni, Zinga-
weni, n. = i-mFene.

um-Zingandh!u, n. 5. Small brown and
harmless snake, very fond of sleeping
in huts; a boy who stays habitually at
home, not going out to herd with the
others, a molly-coddle (= um-Nqolo) =
a m-Jingandhlu.

i(li)-Zingati (Zingathi), n. Certain tree re-
sembling the i(li)-Rrolo (N) = i(li)-Cibo.

Zinge, verb. part. = jinge.

isi-Zinge, n. = isi-Yingelezi.

Zingela, v. Hunt, as game (ace.) of any
kind (cp. i-nQina); be prowlingly seek-
ing about after something, as an umta-
kati, or a thief about a locality; some-
times used for persecute (M). Cp. zu-
ngeza [Sw. tvinda, hunt; Ga. iigo],

Zingeleza, v. = yingiliza.

Zingelezi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = yingiliza.

isi-Zingelezi, n. = isi-Yingelezi.

Zingeza, v. = zungeza.

u-Ziningweni, n. South African Hoopoe
{Upupa Africana) (N).

um-Zinkawu (s. k.), n. 5. Kind of orchid =
i-mFeyenkawu.

u-Zintlu, n. = u-Zirru.

um-Zinyambo (Zi?iyambho),n. Sand shark
(N).

i(li)-Zinyane, n. Young-one, of any animal
or bird (though not used of a cow or
horse or other 'calving' animal — see
i-nKonyana; nor yet usually of a dog
— see um-Wundhlwane). Cp. isi-Nokive
[Sw. jinga, young; kinda, chick].

um-Zinyati (Zinyathi), n. 5. = um-Sikaba.

Zinyeza, v. (C.N.) — see nyeza.

i(li)-Zinyo, n. Tooth [Skr. jamb ha; OB.
zabu; Lith. zamba; Lu. di-zeu; Bo.
z-ino; Sw. ji-no; Ya. li-no; Sak. hihi;
Nyanye. m'ino; Cong. Forest Dwarfs.
mi-nyo; Her. e-yo; Di. lu; Sa. linde;
At. enyi).

Phr. sesakumuka amaxinyo, she (the old-
woman) has already lost (had fallen out)
all her teeth.

ingane iyabibidhla amaxinyo, the infant
is chewing in a dribbling fashion its teeth,
i. e. is moving about its jaws and dribbling,
as though eating, but really rubbing the
gums together at the teething period.

uyadlda amaxinyo ebusuku, he grinds his
teeth at night.

us'ehamba edhla amaxinyo, he lives now
grinding his teeth *. e. only in misery, only
to feel pain, having no happiness, as one
whom an enduriug misfortune has befallen.

Phr. uyedwa, njengexinyo libulala, he is
the only one, like a painful tooth = he is
a sole child, etc.

mtts'ukwenxa amaxinyo a'bushelexi, you
mustn't set other people's teeth on edge /. p.
cause strife or ill-feeling between them.

Zinza, v. Be comfortably placed, sit com-
fortably, as a man well set up with pro-
perty ( used in pert".), or a woman who
has married into a well-off family, or a
kraal built on a nicely level or a well

* j.*.

21 731

sheltered spot (used in perf.) = nete-
zeka, nekendeka.

Ex. ngingaxuxa inkomo engaka, ngibc ngi-
xinxile, if I could get a cow like that, I
should consider myself comfortably off".

isi-Zinzi,w. Crake, of which there arc
several varieties — Baillon's C, Rufous-
crested C, White-spotted C, etc.; some-
times applied to Adamson's Quail (Ex-
ealfactoria Adamsoni).

Z'inzi zYnzi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = zinza, ukuti
nete nete.

i(li)-Zipo (Zip ho), n. Claw, as of a beast
or bird.

u(lu)-Zipo (Zipho), n. Finger-nail, of man.
Zi'pu, ukuti (Ztphu, ukuthi), v. = zipula.
Zipula (Zip hula), v. = vita.
u-Zirru, n. Certain tree resembling the
u-Ntlangoti, but of redder wood.

See u(lu)-Zoko-

Zisa, v. Cause to come; hence, bring;
send. Cp. yisa.

Zisisa — see sisa.

Zisisezela — see sisezela.

u-Ziwombe (Ziwombhe), n. = u-Ziyongo.

ZTyaziya, v. = zilazila.

u-Ziyongo, n. — only in the prov. below.

P. ivoz'abiiye njengengubo ka'Ziyongo for
Zitcombe), he'll come hack again nt last like
the blanket ofZiyongo (some legendary per-
son)— said of an undutif'ul son who has
temporarily discarded the old people, or a
naughty child who runs away from punish-
ment.
i(li)-Zizi, n. Ravenous, greedy lover of
meat. Cp. i(li)-Rroza; i(li)-Zimu.

um-Zizima, n. 5. Blurredness, dimness,
dark mistiness so as to render one's
vision or the appearance of a thing in-
distinct, hazy, or darkly, as caused by
the falling shades of night, or by a fog,
or a dark cloud passing over the sky,
or the dark mark of a bruise on one's
skin.

i(li)-Zizimane, n. Certain soft-wooded coast
tree (N).

isi-Zobi, n. Discoloured spot on the skin
(as from the bite of an insect) or on
the hide of an ox.

i(b)-Zoco, n. Deadly hatred, enmity, as
between two families = i(li)-Fahlela.
J Cp. i(li)-Tambo.

u(lu)-Zoco,ra. = u(hi)-Zica. See lunama.

Zocola, v. — zokoca; zocoza.

u(lu)-Zocolo, n. Short-tempered, irritable
person; also == u(lu)-Zica. See lunama.

Zocoza or Zocozela, v. Co or walk in a long
slender-bodied manner, like a long limp

ZO

switch (= u(lu)-Zoco).

cwana.
Zoco zoco, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = zocoza.
Zokoca (s. /c), r. Chew or masticate with

effort any 'tough' thing ( uflu)-Zo-

koco), as meal (ace) or hard mealie-

grains.

u(lu)-Zokoco (s.k.),?i. = u(lu)-Zicu. Bee

lunama.
u(lu)-Zokocwana (s. k.), n. Little long limp

thing, applied to a person with a long,

very thin, slender body, like a long,

supple switch. See zocoza.

i-nZ6konzoko (s. k.), n. Shrub (Seneiio cor-
onatus), used for poultices.

Zokozela (s.k.),v. Push persistently on
with anything or at anybody (ace.), as
when persistently quarrelling with a
person about some old fault or griev-
ance, or as a disease whicb continues
persistently progressing Forward in spite
of every remedy taken = pokopela.

u-Zokozela (s. Ic), n. (C.N.) = VrZozo.

um-Zokozo (s.k.),n. 5. Dogged persistency,
or continual pushing forward in regard
to anything, as above — see zokozela.

Ex. ngangiti leyo'iidaba idhluliU , iiiganti
ungibambele umxokoxo, I had thought that
affair had passed, hut he retain- for me a
continual pushing away at it.

Phr. ngiyakulima, kuxe kuxokoxe umxokoxo
ekaleni, I shall plough away (or do any
other action ) with dogged persistency I until
I get so-and-so far finished, or in spite <>('
somebody else's prohibition )-- where the lat-
ter part of the sentence is not clear and is
probably merely a play on the words, mean-
ing 'until the thrusting forward thing, or
point of the nose, gets thrust forward'.

isi or u(lu)-Z6kozoko (s.k.),n. Persistent
impelling forward of the heart or emo-
tions, as when one retains a persistent
wish to quarrel with another about some
old matter, or has a continued insur-
mountable longing after anything or for
doing anything. Cp. um-Zokozo. See
zokozela.

um-Zokwe (s. k.), n. 5. Leech = um-Nyundu.

Zola,?'. Parry, ward, as the stick (ace.)
of an adversary (= vika); be calm,
still, without wind (even when cloudy
or with quiet rain — bektt); be at peace,
sit happily, as two sweethearts together
(used in perf.).

u-Zolo, n. (mod.) = u(ht)-l'ttttt.

ama-Zolo (no sing.), it. Dew tan-Bete

[Lat. ros, dew; (la. fl8Ulo\.

u(lu)-Zolobela, //. u(lu)-Twa.

u(lu)-Zololo, n. it(hi)-Ttctt.

zo

732

ZO

i-nZolombela (Zolombhela),n. = u(lu)-Tiva.

i-nZolongo, n. = u(lu)-Twa.

Zolwana, adv. (C.N.) = mzolwana.

Zomba (Zombha),v. (C.N.) = zombeza.

Zombe, ukuti (Zombhe, ukuthi), v. = zo-
mbeza.

Zombe (Zombhe), adj. Crooked, zigzag,
as a winding river or road, or 'crook-
ed ' ways.

Ex. bavume ukukuluma oku'xombe okupa-
mbene nomteto, they agree (to listen to)
unstraightlorward or perverse talk, contrary
with the law.

i(li)-Zombe (Zombhe), n. Zigzag, winding,
crooked way or path (actual or meta-
phor.), as a path or river winding here
and there so that one can scarcely know
in which direction it is actually going,
or a crooked 'zigzag' stick = i(li)-
Gwinci. Cp. u(lu)-Zungu [Her. kombo-
kombo, zigzag; Sw. kombokombo].

Ex. inihihu e'maxombe, a zigzag i. e. spiral-
ly carved, screw-shaped stick.

abantu abang'ondhlela xi'maxombe, people
of crooked, unstraightforward ways.

Zombe\eze\a (Zombhe! ezela), v. Wind about,
twist round about in a zigzag fashion,
as a climbing-plant entwining about a
tree or over a bush (loc); try and get
about a person (ace.) in a bad sense,
encoil or entangle him in some quarrel
or difficulty.

Zombeza (Zombheza), v. Go in a zigzag,
crooked, winding manner, as a path,
road, river, or a person in his unstraight-
forward, crooked ways = gwinciza, go-
nciza. Cp. zekelela.

Zombi, ukuti (Zombhi, ukuthi), v. = zo-
mbeza.

Zombiza (Zombhiza),v. = zombeza.

Zona, emph.pron. They; them— used with
plur. nouns of the 3rd., 4th., and 6th.
classes.

Zonda, v. Hate, detest; pain persistently,
chronically, fixedly (not momentarily -
cp. ubu-Hlungu); have a strong liking
or desire for anything (ace.) [Her. to-
nda, detest].

Ex. leyo'ngubo ngiyayixonda, oh ! I do
like or covet that dress.

ngitwalile okuxima. kuxoiidile csilaliveni,
I have been carrying something heavy, and
there is a fixed continuous pain in my old
wound (consequently).

imgishaye, kwaxonda lapa entlafimweni,
he struck me and there is now a settled
chronic pain here about my cheek-bone.
Zondela or Zondelela, v. Have a strong

desire, longing, or liking for anything,
or to do anything.

i-nZondela, n. Any person or thing much
liked by its owner, to which he has
strong attachment.

Ex. wamsoxisela ngenxondela yake, he
deprived her of her much-loved or favourite
child.

u-Zondhle, n. White-flowered veldt-plant.

i(li)-Zondo, n. = i(li)-Qaza.

isi or i-nZondo, n. Long-settled, con-
tinuous and strong ill-feeling or dislike
against a person, hatred; fixed, con-
tinuous, chronic pain in any part of the
body. See zonda.

Ex. sekwahlala inxondo kona, there is
now a fixed chronic pain settled there.

um-Zondo, n. 5. Name applied to several
kinds of small, gen. foul-smelling, garden
bugs and beetles.

Phr. inkabi e'mxofido, an ox spotted all
over with dark-brown and white patches =
i-nZota.
Zongama, v. Do in a slow, deliberate
manner (not hurriedly), as a person
rising slowly from the ground, or when
speaking slowly so that all may under-
stand (C.N.).

Zongela, v. (C.N.) = potela.

Zongolezela, v. = zongoloxela.

Zongolozela, v. Bind, wind, or wrap round,
as cotton (ace.) round a reel ( loc. ) or a
bandage round one's leg ; try and encoil
or embroil a person (ace.) in a quarrel
or trouble. Cp. zotnbelezela; zungelezela.

i(li)-Zongwe, n. Nape of the neck, or pro-
minent bone at the top of the spine ( =
isi-Jingo); sometimes used for the whole
pillar of the neck ( cervical vertebras ) ;
(C.N.) dog with a white ring about its
neck (see um-Seka). Cp. i-nTamo.

Ex. unexongive lo'muntu, this person has
a strong neck (for supporting heavy weights
on the head).

bamnquma ixongwe, they cut through his
neck- bone for him.

Zonya, v. Dress the hair, as below (N).

um-Zonyo, n. 5. Small upright pointed
tuft of hair, such as are made standing
about the head, by means of a hollow
reed, in a certain manner of Native
head-dressing (N) = i(li)-Ngele.

i(li)-Zonzo, n. (C.N.) = i(li)-Nzonzo.

um-Zonzo (mostly in plur.), n. = um-Co-
ndo. See nzonzoza.

Zota (Zotha), v. Be of a pleasantly sub-
dued, nicely toned down, sobered, calm-
ed state or appearance ; hence, be of

zo

a warmly subdued colour or polish, as
a nicely browned meerschaum pipe, or
polished wood, or a brownish cloth
(not glaring red), or the veldt in sum-
mer when nicely covered with fresh
green grass ( after the glaring dryness
of winter); be of a calm, sober, agree-
ably polite, dignified nature or bearing,
as a kindly, gentlemanly-mannered per-
son ; be pleasantly mild, as the weather
or climate; be cozy, comfortably warm,
sheltered, etc., as a well-thatched hut or
well-protected kraal ( in all cases, used
in perf. ).

i-nZota (Zotha), n. Beast spotted all over
with chocolate-brown and white patches
= urri'Zondo.

isi-Zota or Zoto (Zotha or Zotho), n. Sub-
dued, sobered, calm quality, nature or
condition of a thing — see zota.

Ex. ixdmpahla xctu kaxikafiki, kasikatoli
isixota, our goods (furniture, etc.) have not
yet arrived ; we have not yet been able to
settle down (at rest).

umwitii onesixota, a person of a calm,
sober, quiet, geutlemanly nature.

le'ndwangu ibomini, kuyina'sixoto, this
cloth is red, but not of a subdued, restful
nature (i.e. it is 'loud', glaringly red, as
scarlet).

Zoto, ukuti (Zotho, ukuthi), v. = zota.

Zovo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti habu.

Zovola, v. = habuza.

Zoyi Zoyi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = zoyiza.

izi-Z6yizoyi (no sing.), n. Confused jump-
ing about i. e. the tiny bubbles or spar-
kling of effervescence, confusion of dart-
ing flashes or ' stars ', as in the eye after
a blow or being dazed, etc.

Zoyiza, v. Dance or dart confusedly about
with izi-Zoyizoyi, throw off 'spai'kles'
or 'stars', as soda-water when effervesc-
ing, or one's eye when struck; simmer,
boil with a gentle silent effervescence
(previous to the uku-huba), as water
in a pot.

u-Zozo, n. Natal-sore, an intractable kind
of spreading ulcer forming on the feet
and shins, etc., in the coast districts.

Zozoza, v. = nzonzoza.

Zozo zozo, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = nzonzoza.

Zu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti po.

Zuba, v. = juba.

i(li)-Zubazonzo, n. (C.N.) = i-mVemvanc.

i(li)-Zube, n. = i(li)-Jubela.

i(li)-Zubela, n. = i(li)-Jubela.

u(lu)-Zubela (Zubhela), n. — u(lu)-Tshubu-
ngu.

733

Zubulunda, v. =
Zubulundi, ukuti
u(lu)-Zubungu, n.
i-nZubunzubu, n.

ZU

ukuti ]><>.
(ukuthi), r. ukuti po.

= u(lu)~Tshubungu.
Any limp, supple thing,

as a well dressed skin, a limply pliant
shambok, or the strengthless body of a
Fainting person; also used of calm, plea-
sant weather -irnZutumutu. Cp. t-nlio-

bontsobo.

Zubuza, v. Supple, make soft and limp,

as one might a skin (ace.) or switch.
Zucu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = ukuti juqu.
u(lu)-Zucu, n. = u(lu)-Gamfu.
Zucuka (s. k.), v. = juquka.
Zucu la, v. == juqula.
u(lu)-Zuculu, n. = isi-Jumba.

Zuka (s. k.), v. Break up (trans.) into pieces,
crumble to bits, as a person a lump
of dry bread (ace.) or earth with the
hand (cp. tubuza); break up crumpling
wise, crumple down or up, as a piece
of paper (ace.) or long grass by sitting
or tramping on it; knock a person (ace.)
up physically or mentally, as excessive
heat or work, or a master compelling a
person so to work and get knocked up,
or a heavy affliction befalling one so as
to rob him of all courage and spirits;
knock a person (ace.) to bits ( metaphor.),
as with blows of a stick.

Ex. asihambanga, saxukwa ilanga, we

didn't do any travelling to speak of, we were
knocked up by the sun (i.e. excessive heat i.

u-Zuka (s. k.), n. Sixpenny-piece (T).

Zukeka (s.k.),v. Be or get so broken or
crumbled to bits, crumpled up, or down,
knocked up, or knocked to bits, as
above (used in perf.).

Ex. bafika, bexukekile kakulu ukuhamba,

they arrived quite knocked up with tra-
velling (i.e. exhaustion).

u-Zukela (s. k.), n. Certain herb whose roots
are used as a love-charm by young-men
to 'quite knock up' a girl and render
her incapable of refusing.

Zukelekela (s.k.), v. Creep or crawl under
or into, as through the low aperture
into a hut (loc.) or under a table (with
ngapantsi) = ukuti zukeleki.

Zukeleki, ukuti (ukuthi; s.k.), v. = zukele-
kela. Cp. ukuti shume.

um-Zuko (s.k.),n.o. A trotting (C.N.).

um-Zukulu (s.k.),n.l. — um-Zukulwana.

isi-Zukulu (s. k.), n. = isi-Zukulwana.

um-Zukululu (s.k.), n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Si-

>/<//'/ 'Hi.

um-Zukulwana (s.k.),n.l. Grandchild.

V

zu

isi-Zukulwana (s.k.), n. Offspring (whether
collectively or individually) of a grand-
child and beyond ; descendant or de-
scendants; generation.

i(li)-Zukumba (Zukumbha), n. Slightly
' pugged ' or broken nose ; the possessor
thereof. Cp. isi-Kopoco.

Zukwana (s. k.), adv. (C.N.) = mzukwana.

um-Zukuzuku (s.k.), n. 5. = um-Zuzu.

Zula, v. Rove about, wander or roam about
a place or country (loc. or with na), as
a man about the town looking for work,
or unherded cattle about the veldt, or
a bird in search of prey (cp. shanga);
hang down suspended from any place,
as a calabash tied by a string to the
roof, or a bunch of bananas from the
stem, or a spider from its thread ( cp.
jika) [Sw. zunguka, wander].

u(lu)-Zulane, n. Roamer, wandering per-
son or animal without any home or
friends, a waif = um-Hambuma.

Zulazula.v. = zula.

isi-Zule, n. Anything hanging down sus-
pended from above (see zula); any thing-
bound or holding together in a bunch,
and gen. suspended or for suspending,
as a bunch of mealie-cobs, grapes or
bananas.

u-Zulu.w. Son of Malandela (by Nozidiya),
and brother of Qwabe; clan (collect-
ively ) originating from him ; whole Zulu
nation i. e. all those ( even of different
clans) subject to the Zulu king [see
i(li)-Zulu\.

Ex. nging'otcakica'Zulu, I am one of the
Zulu clan (having the isihongo 'uZulu' and
the isitakazo ' Ndabexita ' ) ; or, I am one
/ e. a person, resident or Native, ofZululand.
kiraZulu, among the Zulu clan or people;
the Zulu country, Zululand.

N.B. There are several branches of the
Zulu clan, caused by the descendants of any
particularly great man therein calling them-
selves after him and hanging his name on
to that of uZulu in their isibongo. Thus
there is uZulu ka'Ntombela; uZulu ka'Nta-
mi; 11 Zulu ka'Biyela, etc. These different
1 tranches of the original Zulu clan are now
intermarrying. The present royal family of
the Zulus simply calls itself uZulu, which
unqualified appellation seems to be now con-
fined to that family alone i.e. to the house
of Jama. The genealogical descent of this
family is uDinuxulu, Ica'Cct.shwayo, ka'Mpa-
nde, ka' Senxtmgakona, lea' Jama, ka'Ndaba,
Ica'Punga, ka'Mageba, ka' Malandela, who
through his wife uNoxidiya, begot uZtdu
an<] u Qwabe, the originators respectively of
the Zulu and Qwabe clan».

734 ZU

i (I i)- Zulu (no plur.),v. Sky, heavens;
weather; lightning (= u(lu)-Bani, —
those who, through superstitious fear,
dislike to call it by its commoner name
of i-Zulu, sometimes use the word
um-Pezulu as a euphemism ) [Skr. dyaus,
dyu, sky, heaven; sura, sublime; sku,
cover; Gr. Zeus, god (fr. Skr. dyaus);
Lat. Ju-piter, Father of above, or in
heaven; Ga. gulu, sky; MZT. ijulu;
i-zuba, sun; Sw. juu, above; jua, sun;
Sa. ulu, sun ; Her. e-yuru, sky ; Ang.
ori-e-ulu and ka-lunga, heaven; Reg.
i-yubu, heaven; Di. due, sky; Mamb.
noro; Ra. kuguno; Kus. zu, fire; Sak.
dzuva, sun].

Ex. linjani ixulu? how is the sky i.e.
weather?

savinjelwa ixulu, we were prevented by
the weather.

kwehle ixulu ixolo ka'Bani, the lightning
struck yesterday at So-and-so's kraal. —
When there is lightning about, all white
things should be hidden, e. g. amasi, beads,
clothing, as the lightning 'is very fond of
while-coloured things ' !

i-xtdu elipexulu, the heavens above — a
name of praise sometimes given to the Zulu
kiug.

i-nZulu, n. Whirl of deep water (C.N.).

isi-Zulu, n. Language of the Zulu people;
(C.N.) = isi-Julu; i-nZulu.

u-Zulucwatile (Zulucwathile),n. Small
very light-blue opaque bead or beads
(Mod.). Cp. i(li)-Juba.

Zululeka (s. k.), v. Saunter about, stroll
idly about, as a lazy fellow at any labour,
or a labourer temporarily without work
( cp. zula; yiyiteka ) ; ' swim ', as the eyes
or head when giddy.

i-nZululekane (s.k.),n. = i-nZululwa?ie.

i-nZululwane, n. Giddiness, dizziness,

swimming of the head = u-Zunguzane.

Cp. isi-Yezi; isi-Ndiyandiya.

isi-Zululwane, n. A giddy, whirling motion,
or the place thereof, as a whirlpool in
a river; also = i-nZululwane.

Zulumba (Zulumbha), v. Watch stealthily
for a chance, keep the eye on a person
(ace.) or thing, as when wanting to get
at it unawares or unperceived, as a thief
or umtakati, or a person who wants an
opportunity of speaking with another
momentarily engaged. Cp. zilazila; zi-
ng ela.

\(\\)-Zu\iMr\ba(Zulu?nbha),n. Stealthy watch-
er i. e. who keeps on the watch for
opportunities to steal — somewhat equi-
valent to Eng. 'prowler'.

Zuma, v. = juma.

£m~

zu

f

isi-Zumbe (Zumbhe), n. = isi-Jumba.

um-Zumo, m. o. Surprisal, a surprise.

u(lu)-Zuncu, n. = u(lu)-Gamfu.

i-nZungelezane, n. Merry-go-round (T).

Zungelezela, v. Surround, encircle, as a
wire surrounding a hut (ace), a man's

affirms encircling the trunk of a tree, or
an impi surrounding a kraal in a circle
(cp. hanqa); surround or encircle, as a
person might the hut (ace.) above with
the wire, or the tree with his arms, etc. ;
also sometimes used for zongolozela =
zungezela. Cp. zungeza.

Zungeza, v. Go round, move round, make
the circuit of, as a person walking round
a hut (ace), or a wire 'going round' or
being taken round any enclosure. Cp.
zungelezela [Sw. zungushia, surround;
Bo. zunguluka].

Zungezela, v. = zungelezela.

isi-Zungu, n. Feeling of loneliness or soli-
tariness, as of a person living alone,

/ without companions, etc. [Her. kunga,
/ lonely; Bo. u-zungu, hollowncss].

Ex. unesixunyu, he is lonely, feels lone-
liness.

P. isixungu sabulala inkonyana (njenga-
kwa'Masuku), a feeling of loneliness was the
death of the calf (as at Masuku's) — as
might be said of or by anyone feeling the
want of a companion, wife, etc.

u(lu)-Zungu, n. General combine or corn-
plot (public in as far as the particular
elan or district is concerned, but secret
to the other party), as when a whole
locality or tribe conspire together to
make away with any particular in-
dividual, kraal, etc. (cp. isi-Gungu;
u(lu)-Mbimbi; u(lu)-Solo; isi-Xexelegu);
round-about, circuitous path or way
(cp. i(li)-Zombe; zungula).

Phr. inqina yoxungu, a hunting-party
which is a combined conspiracy ( under the
pretence of being a hunt) and to which the
whole male portion of the clan or commun-
ity would be required to go (as to a
war); the name is now sometimes applied
to a large or general hunt in which the
whole district is asked to turn out.

Zungula, v. Go by a round-about or cir-
cuitous way, as to any place; be persis-
tently at or after a person (ace.) in
order to quarrel or fight with him

um-Zungulu, n. 5. Certain bush
gia obovata), whose bark is
rope, etc., for binding.

P. umxungulu ubopa womile, the umxu-
ngulu bark "is just as good for binding a
tiling up with even when dry = don't make

735 ZWA

too small account "I a person by reason <>f
his old withered looks.

{Dalber-

used as

u or isi-Zunguzane, n. i-nZululwane ;
isi-Zululwane [Sw. ki-zunguzungu, gid-
diness].

i(li)-Zunguzungu, n. = isirJingo.

isi-Zunzubezi, n. = isi-Jungubt

i(li)-Zupe (Zuphe), n. = i(U)-Jupe.

i-nZutunzutu (Zuthunzuthu), n.3. i-»/.n-
bunzubu.

Zuza, v. Get, obtain, acquire anything (ace.)

by an effort of any kind, as by working,
speculating, trading, righting, borrowing,

etc.; get a person (ace.) i.e. succeed in
getting hold of him, as one after whom
one has been for some time, so as to
fight, quarrel, etc., with him.

Ex. siyakuxuxana ngomuso, we shall gel
hold of one another, have it out, some day.

Zuza (Zuuza), v. Linger restlessly in par-
turition, be slow in expulsion of offspring,
as a cow, woman, etc. Cp gudhla.

i-nZuzo, n. That which is gained, profit.

um-Zuzo (Zuuzo), n. 5. (N) = u(lu)-Quqo.

um-Zuzu,w. 5. Awhile, some little time,

as when one stays a whole aften i

on a visit to a "friend, or perhaps a
month at some friend's place — uin-Z.u-
kuztiku.

Phr. ukwenxa imixuxu, to take a long time
in getting through a piece of work, as when
ploughing a field or building a hut in a
slow, loitering manner.

um-Zuzwana, n. 5. dim. of above. A little
while, very short time.

Zwa, ukuti (ukuthi),v. = ukuti po; ukuti
twa; nzonzoza, ztuazwaza; also = ukuti
(/(/waba.
Zwa, (= Ezwa; imperat. yizwa, zwanaj, v.
Perceive, as by any of the senses < ex-
cept sight — see bona): hence, feel <>r
experience a thing (ace.), whether as
touching or being touched, or as any
emotion of body or mind; smell, as the
scent (ace) of a Bower, or the flower
producing such scent (cp. nuka; seeela);
taste, as food (ace) of any kind, or as
does the mouth; taste or feel with the
nose, as snuff (ace.); hear, as a person
(ace) or his speaking; give ear t<>, hear-
ken to, obey, as one's superior (ace.),
or such superior's word; understand,
grasp the meaning of. anything (ace.)
said (cp. <i<ui<1a)\ have the senses still
active, still perceive I.e. be alive, live,
as any animal not dead; be sound, still
capable of use, with no flaw of vital
importance, as a pot of any kind (cp.

ZWA

736

ZWE

fa; bulala) [Skr. prw, hear; Ar. jash,
live; kvest.sra.vah, word; Gr. zoe, life;
S«'. jua, be aware; jiona, feel; Hi. jitia,
live; Sha. iva; Her. 27«>a, hear; MZT.
mvua, hear; L. Cong, wa; Xo. v«; Hot.
tea, feel].

Ex. uy'exwa na1? i/yiy'ex/ca, do you under-
stand? Yes.

lo'mfaiia k'c\/ca. this boy doesn't hearken
i. c. doesn't obey.

ngapuma, ngingas'exwa I'uto, I came out
quite dead (with consternation, auger, etc.).

uxwa-ni be! there you are! just as I told
you !

uku-ii-\wa, to hearken to oneself i. e. have
self-control; to feel oueself i.e. have self-
conceit.

is'ex/ra (inkomo), it (the beast) is still
alive (not quite dead).

umu-Zwa (umnu-Zwa), n. 5. Small fibrous
rootlet, as of running grasses, etc.;
radicle or thread-like shoot, as of any
germinating seed (cp. i(li)-Kaba); stalk-
like rootlet of the mealie-plant.

u(lu)-Zwa, n. = u(lu)-Twa.

Zwacela, v. = hwelela.

Zwakala (s. k. = ezwakala,), v. Get per-
ceived, in any sense — hence, heard,
tasted, smelt, understood, etc.; be per-
ceptible, in any sense-- hence, audible,
tastable, smellable, understandable, etc.
See zwa.

Ex. kny'exwakala kamnandi, it is sweet to
the ear.

aJc'exwakali lo'gwayi, this snuff doesn't
get felt i. e. has no strength.

i-nZwakubi (s.k.),n. Impetuously angry
person, one who rushes into a rage,
without second thought, upon any slight
provocation, as hearing a word, finding
something misplaced, etc.; such reck-
lessly angry manner of doing, replying,
etc.

u(lu)-Zwalabela, n. = u(lu)-Twa.

u(lu)-Zwambuzwambu (Zwdmbhuzwa-
mbhu), n. Small thin-bodied non-poison-
ous snake, of a light brown colour
with dark lines down the back; some-
times applied to any long, thin-bodied
person = i-nTsakalubisi.

Zwana ( — Ezwana), v. Understand one
another; be on good terms one with
another.

i(li)-Zwandaba, n. A thing that perceives
a (coining) event — applied to a bull, or
other cattle, when it does anything un-
commonly strange, as when bellowing
during the night, etc., which action is
supposed to prognosticate some evil.
Cp. i(li)-Bika.

um-Zwangedwa, n. 5. Any affliction, pain,
etc., only known to the sufferer.

Ex. nyiyabulawa umxwanyedwa lapa esi-
swini, I am being afflicted here in the
stomach by some ailment nobody knows of
but myself.

u-Zwa-ngendaba, n. Second hand informant,
one who hears only from others.

um-Zwangwenya, n. 5. Regiment formed
after the is-Angqu by Mpande, along
with or at the same time as the um-
Kuze and incorporated with the u(lu)-
Dhlambedhlu.

i(li) or u(lu)-Zwani, n. Toe; pi. ama-Zwani,
toes i. e. foot or footprint of a fowl or
bird. Cp. u-Qukulu; u-Cikicane; ama-
Zwayiba.

Pbr. kulile ukwanda ngamaxrvani, it is
good to grow as to one's toes (by which
one stands ) i. e. it is well to have a large
number of friends, etc., for the more one
has, the more support and help he cau
obtain iu life.

isi-Zwati (s. t.), n. Small indentation, dim-
ple, or hole on the body, as on the
cheeks, or of a healed wound (N.).

u(lu)-Zwati (Zwathi), n. Fire-stick i. e.
either of the sticks used for producing

\ fire by friction ( see pehla ) ; very thin-
bodied person ; a ' mere stick ' of a leg,
as the legs of a bird or of a thin-legged,
calfless man (= imi-Condo ; i(li)-Nzonzo).
Phr. uku-susa uxwati, to raise up strife.

Zwatiza, (Zwathiza), v. = nzonzoza.

Zwati zwati. ukuti (Zwathi zwathi, ukuthi),

v. — nzonzoza.

Zwatuza (Zwathuza), v. Just do here and
there, far apart, as a few large scattered
drops of rain or hail falling. Cp. ukuti
pose pose.

Zwatu zwatu, ukuti (Zwathu zwdthu, uku-
thi), v. = zwatuza.

imi-Zwayi, n. (C.N.) = izi-Zoyizoyi; u(lu)-
Cwazi; imi-Tontsela.

ama-Zwayiba (no sing.), n. Tip-toes — only
used as below = ama-Nzonzo.

Ex. uku-ma ngamaxwayiba, to stand
(dance, etc.) on tiptoes.

Zwayiza, v. = ukuti zwayi zwayi.

Zwayi zwayi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (C.N.) =
zoyiza; ukuti yqwaba; nzonzoza.

i(li)-Zwe, n. Country (in the sense of
' land ' ; less frequently in the sense of
' kingdom ' ) ; the world ; sometimes
applied as below to all the people of a
land or district. Cp. um-Hlaba [Gr. ge,
earth ; MZT. mu-se; Nya. li-nze; Ga.
insi; Her. ou-ye; Sw. inchi].

ZWE

737

ZWI

Ex. angilandi ixwe lakona, I don't liko
the country there.

eUnye ixioe lelo, that's another country,
another part of the world.

kwakubutene hmke ixwe, all the land was
assembled there.

P. ixwe Ufa ngempofana, the country is
ruined on account of a pauper i. e. little
things lead to grave results.

isi-Zwe, n. Clan; tribe; nation. Cp, u(lu)-
Hlobo.

Ex. umuntu wexixwc, a person of the
claus or other tribes, i.e. a foreigner (may
be applied to one of quite a different race,
or merely of a different clan, and the term
is quite polite in its meaning).

Zwebela, v. Act as below.

i-nZwebeli, n. Spying gossip, one who
goes, or is sent, to ' spy out ' what other
poeple are saying or doing and then
proceeds to carry tales abroad.

i-nZwece, n. (C.N.) = u(lu)- Ve.

i(li)-Zwekufa (s. k.), n. Ruined or desolate

state of a land owing to famine, the

devastations of war, etc.

Ex. sekul'ixwekufa kwelakiti indhlala, it is

now in a state of desolation in our land
owing to famine

Zwela, v. Perceive, hear, etc., for, on be-
half of another (ace); readily feel, be
sensitive to, as an impressionable or
sensitive person quickly feeling the
effect of words, or quickly 'feeling' or
suspecting the actions of another (see
nyeza), or a delicate person being sen-
sitive to pain ; readily absorb, as a skin
the oil (ace.) with which it is suppled.
See zwa.

Ex. umuntu ongaxweUyo, a person who
is not sensitive or easily impressionable,
upon whom the talk or actions of another
has little or uo effect whether good or ill.

n/:i(-\ i- 1 wela, to hear for oneself.

a/tony ixwela fctoenye inyanga, you shall
hear for me, on my behalf, from another
witch-doctor i.e. make enquiries, consult for
me.

u(lu)-Zwela, n. Sensitiveness, impression-
i^ ableness, readily taking to heart the
yrS^words or actions of another, in a good
or ill sense.

i-nZwembu (Zwembhu), n. Species of grass
growing in woods and resembling the
u-Kazikazi.

u(lu)-Zwenda, n. = u(lu)-Zica.

um-Zwezwe, n. 5. (C.N.) = um-Hluhluwe
( of cock ).

ZwV, adv. Only one, one alone = shulu,
qwi, etc.

Ex. urn mil ,ii i umkonto kirn inn, 1 have
only one solitary assegai.

Zwi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Throw down bo-
dily, as a poison might a burden (ace.),
or a strong man another with whom lie
is wrestling = ukuti tanqa.

Zwi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be a great confu-
sion of noise, so that nothing is distinct-
ly audible, as the noise made by a lot
of people loudly quarrelling (= ukuti
ne); also = ukuti zwibi.

i(li)-Zwi,«. Word (cp. i(li)-Gamu); voice
(= i(li)-Pimbo) ; order; message |Lu.
li-zui; Bo. vuzo, voice •— prob. derived
fr. zwa].

Ex. wongituma ixwi, you shall send me
a message.

inkosi ya/cipa ixwi lokuti, the chief gave
an order that, etc.

kwangati ixwi lake, it seemed to be his voice.

Phr. waliposa (ixwi), tad/da ngokuqina, he
threw it (the word) out and it went firmly
home i. e. he hit the nail right on the head,
or, he spoke one settling, decisive word
(that brought the matter to a head or an
end at once),

Zwiba, v. = ukuti zivibi, jiba.

Zwibeka (s.k.),v. = ukuti zivibi.

Zwtbi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Send 'flying',
throw or make go far away, as a siiek
or other missile (ace.) flung afar (==
zwiba, ukuti ji); go off far away, as
such a stick, or a person travelling to
a far place (= zwibeka).

Zwica, v. = ukuti ztvice.

Zwfce, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Hit or strike a
person (ace.) violently by some thrown
missile, as a stick, clod, or a hard pain-
ful word.

i(li)-Zwili, n. — i-mBoma.

um-Zwili, n. 5. = um-Zwilili.

um-Zwilili, n. 5. Cape Canary (Serinus
canicollis) = um-Zwili.

ZwTIi or ZwYli zwTIi, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Drop
in or arrive, drop away or leave, in ones
and twos or in a very slight manner,
as people arriving for some assembly,
or departing therefrom = zwiliza.

Ex. akc ngiti x/wili ka'Baiti, just let me drop
in or run over for a moment to So-and-so's.

Zwiliza, v. = ukuti zwili zwili.

um-Zwingili, n. 5. Cabanis Weaver-bird
(Hyphantornis Cabanisi).

Zwisa, v. Cause one (ace.) to perceive, feel,
hear, understand, etc.; hear or under-
stand properly, perfectly.

Ex. angixioisanga kal/lc loko, I didn't hear,
or understand, that perfectly.

47

VOCABULARY

OF THE

IILONIPA LANGUAGE OF THE ZULU WOMEN.

An explanation of this custom will be found under the word hlonipa in the text.
The list here given contains only some of the commoner expressions, which, we may-
add, differ considerably in different localities. The majority of the words, it will be
noticed, are formed for the purpose simply by a change of one or other of the con-
sonants in the pure Zulu word, the consonant substituted being selected to taste
according to euphony.

The orthography here used is that of the new system, as indicating more cor-
rectly the actual pronunciation of the hlonipa words.

The words with an * are genuine Zulu words, especially adopted for the pur-
poses of hlonipa.

Zulu

is-Adhla

ahlukana

ahlula

akha

ala

aluka

alusa

is-Ambliane

ambhula

ainuka

an da

am-Andhla

is Andhla

uIw-Andhle

is-An^cokolo

apliula

azi

u-Baba
i-uiBabala
babaza
bala

i(li)-Bala

u(lu)-Bala

baleka

bambha

u(lu)-Bambho

i(li)-Bandhla

banga

Hlonipa

is-Atsha

acukana

acula

ana; cakula

aca

acuka

actisa

• s-Axilana

anjula

ashuxa

angca

is-Amukelo

is-Amukelo

u(lu)-Nwange

is-Anokolo

ashula

agi, angci, eyika

u-Tshatsha, u-Caca

i-nJabala, i-Nantshala

ncamaza

nala

i(li)-Ctvatha, i(li)-Gceke*

u(lu)-Ctvatha *

ctvatheka

xhaza, nanga

u(lu)-Xhazo, u(lu)-Nango

i(li)-Tshandhla

hang a, hag a

Zulu

i(li)-Banga
um-Bango

Hlonipa.

i(li)-Hanga, i(li)-Xhanga
um-Hango, um-Xhango

um-Bani um-Tshani

banzi tshanzi

basa ndhlala

i si-Bay a isi-Khwiya, isi-Cwatha

baza nanga

beka qitha, citha

(li)-Bele (corn) i(li)-Centa, i(li)-Khwentsha
i(li)- Genctva

i(lij-Bele ( .breast) i(li)-Centa, i-Ncintiso

beletha

u(lu)-Bende

ubu-Bende

bhala

i(li)-Bhamuza

i(li)-Bhantshi

um-Bhaqanga

bhebha

i(li)-Bhece

bheda

bheka

bhema
i-mBhenge

i(li)-Bheshu
u(lu)-Bhici

nyabeka, khwexela

u(lu)-Gcofi

ubu-Gcofi

jala

i(li)-Jamuza

i(li)-Cant,shi

um-Jaqanga

jeja

u-Jodo

jeda

cida, gqala,
[Kag. langa, see; MZT
Sw. angalia, look to].

khangela,
langa, look;

hela, fosa
isi-Sibekelo,

nGcelu*
i(li)-Jeshu
u(lu)-Jixhi

i-nGcazi, * i-

739

Zulu

bhidhlika
izi-Bhidi

um-Bhila — see

I) hin a

u(lu)-Bhishi

i-mBhiza

bhobhoza

i-inBhobo

isi-Bhobo

bhoboza

i(li)-Bhodhlela

u(lu)-Bhoko

i-mBhokode

i-mBhongolo

i(li)-Bhotwe

i-inBhube

bhubha

isi-Bhuda

bhula

i(li)-Bhulukwe

isi-Bhumbhe

bhuna

bhuqa

i-mBhuya

i-inBhuzi

bi

isi-Bi

bika

bila

bili

isi-Bindi

bingelela

u(lu)-Bisi

biza

bohla

bola

ama-Bomu

bomvu

bona

bonakala

bonda

isi-Bondo

bonga

isi-Bongo

bopha

isi-Bopho

u(bu)-Boya

buka

bukhali

bulala

bumbha

i(Ii)-Bumbha

bunga

busa

butha

i(li)-Butho

buya

buza

Hlonipa

jidhlika

izi-Dunge

um-Mbhila

jina

u(lu)- Gcishi

i-nKangu

jojoza

i-Ncamu, i-nJobo

isi-Ncamu, isi-Chamu

joboza

i(li)-Jodhlela

u(lu)-Joko

i-Nqakatha, i-nTsilo

i-nJongolo

i(li)-Xhotwc, i(H)-Khanzi *

i-nJube

juja

isi-Rrwabha

dibula, cothola, nclbula

i(li)-Julukwe

isi-Junge

tshuna

juqa

i-Ncandolo

i-nKushu, is-Aga, i-Nya-
nyalala, i-Ngqayi, i-
nTshitane, i-Ncololo

ntshwamu, gxibhi

isi-Tshambtii

ncoma *

chwatha, haza *

nyonqa, mbhanqa, nkwica

isi-Qhina, isi-Khuthazo

cinyelela, tshinyelela

u(lu)-Chago

nconya, lonya

dambha *

thuhla, guca, khenya

ama-Ntshotnu

gebhu, rrudwa, ntongwe

yana, yona, tshona

tshonakala, yonakala

conda, nonda

isi-Gxobo"

tshonga, nonga

isi-Tshongo

ntsala *

isi-Ntsalo

u(bu)-Tshoya, u(bu)Khenya

gqala, tshuka

bengu

cishiba, khilala

donga, dongoloza

i(li)-Donga

tshunga

tshusa

tshutha, wola*

i(li)-Tshutho, i(li)- Wole

khiya, khwlya, khwishika

nconga

Zulu

caba
um-Caba

eabanga

i(li)-Cala

canda

i(li)-Cantsi

casha

ceba

i(li)-Cebo

cela

u-Celembha

i(Ii)-Chibi

isi-Chotho

elm ma

cima

i(li)-Cimbhi

u(lu)-Cingo

isi-Coco

contsa

eupha

cwala

cwazimula

ewe

cweba

cwenga

cwila

i-nDaba

dabuka

u-Dade

u(lu)-Daka

dakwa

dala

i-nDa\vo

de

i-nDebe

u(lu)-Debe

dela

dhla

dhlala
i-nDhlala
i-nDhle
i-nDhlebe

i-nDhlela

i(li)-Dhlelo

i-nDhlovu

i(li)-Dhlozi

i-nDhlu

u(lu)-Dhlubu

dhlula

diliza

i-nDima

dina

u(lu)-Diwo

i-nDoda

Hlonipa

xahn
um-Phothulo

ntlm a (/a

i(li)- Hints ho, i(li)-]i<i wa

xanda

ulw-Aluko

.rasha

khwatha; tnheba

i(li)-Khwatha, i(li)-Xebo

bawa

u- Gence

i(li)-Xhibi

isi-Nontshe

nuina

khwisha *

i(li)-Xhinji

u(lu)-Ningo

isi-Nono, u-Ngiyane

xontsa

thiya *

visha *

nazimula

tshive

nentsha

mvenga

gwinja *

i-nJusho, i-Moso, i-Mosa,

i-Ncingo
hantshuka, rrayeka *
u-Nyaze

u(hi)-Nika, u(lu)- Gxusha
ngcashwa
jata, zica
i-Mandhlo
ntshwe, depha *
i-nTshezo, i-Nyezo
u(lu)-Dengele
jata, ngcesha
nkiba, maya, nyaza, ngca,

munda
ngcala, tshekula *
i-nKengane
u(h()-Thuvi *
i-Nqotho, i-Phuya, i-nGa-

dhlu
i-Nyatuko, i-mBhanuko
i(li)-Nkibelo
i-nZxtnga
i(li)-Thonga *
i-nKiba, i-Ncumbha, i-

Ngxumbha, i-Matsheko,

i-nKatshcko.
i-Nqotho, i-mPunde
ngqula, phunda
khithiza
i-mFezo
khathaza *
u(lu)-Nyambha
i-nJonga, i-Nxeza, i-nJeza,

i- Yeka

— 740

Zulu

i(li)-Dolo
donda

u(lu)-Donga

uni-Doni

dontsa

i(li)-Dubc

duka

i-nPuku

isi-Puli
duma
dumaza
u(lu)-Dumbha

i(li)-Dumbhi

isi-Dumbhu
i-nDuna
isi-Pwaba
i-nDwangu

dweba
i(li)-Dwala

eba

ebula

edwa

eh la

ekuseni

olaina

elapha

eleka

omlihatha

emsamo

emuva

ena

cut la

endhlala

endhle

eneka

entla

enyela

enyuka

enza

eqa

esaba

eyisa

ezantsi

fa

u(lu)-Fa

faka

fakaza

fana

um-Fana

fanela

um-Fanyana

am-Fazi

i-mFene

feketha

Hlonipa

i(li)-Guqa
gcongea, dinda

u-(lu)-Kliithika

um-Jata

enyuka *

i(li)-Yezane

mmuka, nquka, gcuka

i-mViko, i-nZaca, i-nTsa-

ntsi, i-nZambhulo
isi-Nengele

wanga, ngqiza, huma, goha
ngcumaza
i-n Tlu mayo u(lu)-Hluma-

yo, u(lu)-Nawane
i(li)-Ngqiza
isi-Bili *
i-nZaka

isi-Nwayi, isi-Ncwasha
i-nKizo, isi-Bangu
rrwebha*
i(li)-Ncivasha

nyonka,* munya*

etshula

entshwa (\. e. ngentshwa,

wentshwa, yentshwa).
ctvuka*

ekuyabukeni, ekuqubukeni
ecama
ecapha
eceka
eneza
emenyuko
empenda, etiva
echa

enca, gana*
enjuza
engce, egce
cceka, chaya*
emenyuko
nyanta*
dontsa*
enga

exa, ngqdbitha
eyipha, enkaba, ecusa
ecisa
etvati, eg antsi

nta, nay a, nayeka, noboka,
khaseka

u(lu)-Khaseko

haka

nakaza, cakaza

In ma

um-Khapha

hanela

um-Khapheyana

iiin.-Thekeli, um-Yazi, urn-
Nazi

i-Xeakala, i-Ncene

ceketha, ntela*

Zulu

fika

i(li-Findo
fingqa
imi-Fino

finyela

finyelela

fisa

isi-Fo

focoka

i(li)-Fu

isi-Fuba

fudumeza

fukamela

fula

um-Fula

fulathela

fulela

fumana

funa

funda

i-mFunda

funga

fuphi

futhi

fuya

i-mFuyo

fuza

isi-Ga

isi-Gaba

i(li)-Gade

i-nGalo

i(li)-Gama

gana

gandaya

i-nGane

i(li)-Ganga

um-Ganrra

i(li)-Gatsha

gawula

isi-Gaxa

gaya

i(li)-Gazi

gazinga

gcaba

gcagca

gcina

gcoba

gcwala

isi-Gege

i(li)-Geja

geza

m-Gibe

igjima

goba

i-nGobo
isi-Gobongo
i(li)-Goda
godhla

Hlonipa

khapha

i(li)-Thekelezo

finyeza *

itni-Hana, im-Bhidtva, imi-

Caza
goqana *
khaphelela
cisa, khanuka *
isi-Nayo, isi-Khaseko
toboza *

i(li)-Yezi, i(li)-Cu, i(li)-Ncu
isi-Hana

hadameza, chadameza
cukamela
watha
um,-Natho
culathela
culela
khaphana
hana

yanda, cunda
i-Ncinda
cunga
cup hi

chuthi, cuthi
fukatha, cuya
i-Ncuyo
ncuza

isi-Nca, is-Anca

isi-Naba

i(li)-Xili, i(li)-Jade

um-Gcono, um-Bambhelo

i(li)-Qambho

enda *

gqiba, * gxoba *

i-Mane

i(li)-Duli *

um-Zica

i(li)-Naca, i(li)-Natsha

nqtima *

isi-Khuxungu

sila, nosha

i-Nconjwa

tshweleza *

gxaba

gida *

gxina

thambhisa *

ncwasha, ngcwaba

isi-Nene *

i(ll)-Khuba, * i(li)-Lephulo

ngivinja, khaphazela

i(li)-Lengiso, i-nKintsho

qubatha, gicima

qhothisa *

is-Andhlwane *
isi- Yethezi
i(li)-Joda
jodhla

— 741

Zulu

Hlonipa

isi-Godhlo

isi-Nyodhlo

um-Godi

um-Gintsi, urn- DIM, um-

Thill. um-Lindi [MZT.

mu-lindi, pit].

goduka

joduka

i(li)-Golo

i(li)-Jolo

um-Goqo

um- Valo

i-nGozi

i-nGongoma, i-nJozi

gqiba

ganda *

isi-Gqiki

isi-Camelo

gqoka

gxoka

isi-Gqoko

isi-Noko, isi-Gxoko

i(li)-Gqubu

i(li)-Gxubu

isi-Gubbu

isi-Gcingi

u(lu)-Gubhu

u(lu)-Betho, u(lu)- Gcingi

i-nGubo

i-Nezo

i(li)-Gudu

i(li)-Shawule

guga

luphala

gula

ntentsa

i(li)-Gula

i(li)- Ghathazo, i(li)- Gceka,

{(li)-Muku.

i-nGulube

i-nKothotho

gunda

gaga*

i(li)-Gundane

i(li)-Njova, i(h)-Khioence,

i(li)-Phuku

um-Gwaqo

um-Gadhlu

gwaza

gciba

i-nGwe

i(li)-Shikane*

u(lu)-Gxa

isi-Mbho *

haha

ha, 'bukali

hambha

khija, nyambha, janga

haqa

kaka *

i(li)-Ha\vu

i(li)- Gqoko

um-Hawu

wn-Phezane, um-Nawu

hawukela

liawukela

i(li)-Hele

i(li)-Numa

hila

hintsha *

umu-Hla

umu- Gea

hlaba

gciba

um-Hlaba

um- Gabadi, ium-Phantsi

isi-Hlabathi

isi-Cangathi

mn-Hlabathi

urn,' Gabadi, um-Gcangathi

hlabelela

nyibelela

hlafuna

cafuna

i(li)-Hlahla

i(li)- Wasa, 1(H)- Caca

isi-Hlahla

isi- Visho

hlakanipha

cakanisha, bakanipha

hlakaza

eakaza *

blakula

yendeza, khtvacaza

um-Hlakuva

um- Cakuva, um-Hlafuthwa

hlala

shefa, thema, chewa, zonya

ubu-Hlalu

ubu-Phethu

hlambha

cwecwa, nyephisa

um-Hlana

um-Beba, umu- Va

isi-Hlandbla

isi- Visho

um-Hlandhla

um-Cangca

um-Hlanga

um-Khobosi

u(lu)-Hlanga

u(lu)-Khobosi

hlangana

qingana

Zulu

u(lu)-Hlangothi

hlanya

u(lu)-Hlanya

hlanza

i(li)-Hlathi

um-Hlathi

isi-Hlava

lilawula

u(lu)-Hlaza

hie

hleba

hleka

hlela

hlephuka

i(li)-Hlo

hloba

i(li)-Hlobo

isi-Hlobo

hlola

um-Hlola

hloma

u(lu)-Hlomo

lilubuka

hluma

ubu-Hlungu

hlupha

hlupheka

u(lu)-Hlupho

hluza

um-Hluzi

i(li)-Hluzu

hola

bona

isi-Honqa

bosba

liuba

buda

hudula

hulula

hlwa

umu-Hlwa

hlwabusa

u(lu)-Hl\vayi

inipela
ukw-Indhla
izolo
i-nJa

jabba

jabula

isi-Jingi

jiya

i-n.Iobo

u(lu)-Jovola

i(li)-Jul>a

i(li)-Jwabu

Hlonipa

u(iu)-Cangothi

khinka

u(lu)-Khinka

yokoza, /ihalaza*

i(li)~Yobo, i(li)-Coki, i(li>-

Coboshi
um-Hlafuno
isi-Cava
cawula

u(lu)-Cwambha
nke, qotho*
ceba *

ntika, netsha, nkesha
nela
nephuka
i(li)-Qaphelo, i(li)-Kha-

ngelo
dhlikila, vunula *
i(Ii)-Cobo
isi-Yoco, isi-Cobo
cola

iim-Nola, urn- Geo la
choma
u(lu)-Chomo
cubuka
cuma

ubu-Cungu
yoca, cup ha
yoceka, cupheka
u(lu)-Cupho
xuza, vova*
um-Thibo
isi-Monyo

h lid ii I a

xona

i(li)-(jitnia *

khokha *

cuba

sheka*

hola*

gumuzii

cwa

umu-Xwa

nwabusa

u(lu)-Cwayi

intshela
ukw-Ingca
it/ a I >ii, igoco

i-Ngcanga, i-mBhuki8a,um-
Hogwane, i-Malasi

nabha, gxabha

null H In, i ). ii i hill 1 1

isi-lfiya*

niij a, shuba*

i-Nobo

nona

u(lu)-Novela

i(li)-Nuba

i(li)-Xn'iihu

- 742 -

Zulu

jwayela

i-nKaba

i-nKabi

i-nKala

kangaka

i-nKani

i-nKanyezi

i-nKatha

kha

khala

i(li)-Khala

izi-Khali
khalima
khalipha
u(lu)-Khambha

khanda

i(li)-Khanda

i(li)-Khanka

khanuka

khanya

i(li)-Khasi

khathala

isi-Khathi

khawuka

i(li)-Khaya

ama-Kbaza

khetha

isi-Khetho

u(lu)-Khezo

khipha

khohlela

khokha

u-Khokho

kholwa

i(li)-Kbol\va

khombha

um-Khomo

um-Khondo

khononda

um-Khonto

isi-Khonyane

khonza
um-Khosi

kbotba

khothama

um-Kbovu

um-Khuba

kliuhla

um-Khuhlane

khula
khuleka
khulu
khulula

Hlonipa

exwabela, exwayela

i-nTunga*

i-nTena

u(lu)-Gegebu, i-?iTshala

kamaka

i-Ncopho

i-nKwenkwezi*

i-Ncelezo, i-nTsitha

cakula

khica

i(li)-Thuba, i-mPumulo, *

i(li)-Tshala
izi-Cishi
shalima
ntshalipha
u(lu)-Lavathi, u(lu)-Nya-

mbha
qonqa* gxoba*
i(li)-Choza, i(li)-Chelezo
i(li)-Shantsha
hanuka, fisa*
thuba, bhaqa*
i(li)-Cuba*
diniva*

isi-Shathi, isi-Ncathi
tshawuka

i(li)-Batha, i(li)-Chabu
ama-Mpoyi
ny alula* bandhla*
isi-Nyalulo, isi-Bandhlo
u(lu)-Qikolo
shisha
shwehlela
ntshoka, shosha
u-Nono, u-Ntshotsho
enyuka* nolwa, ntsholwa
i(li)-Nyuka
nombha
um-Shomo
um-Shondo
ncononda, tshononda
xmi-Bhikado, um-Phatho
isi- Cwangubane* isi-Ncwa-

ngubane
nconza, shonza
um-Jibu, um-Tshangwe, um-

Tshosi
ceketha
shothama
um-Ncbvu

um-Nuba, um-Shuba
shuhla
urn- Yilane, u(lu)-Khevethe,*

um-Ngcishane, um-Nyi-

mbhane
depha *

nuleka, ntshuleka
thulu
monyula*

Zulu

khuluma

isi-Kbumbha

um-Khumbhi

khumbhula

khumuka

isi-Khundhla

u(lu)-Khuni

khuza

isi-Khwama

i(li)-Khwani

i(li)-Khwapha

ubu-Khwe

khwela

khweza

kithi

i-nKobe

kodwa

u-Koko

i-nKomo

i-nKonjane
i-nKonkoni

i-nKonyane

i-nKosana
i-nKosi

i-nKuku

i-nKunzi

kusihlwa

kwabo

kwakhe

kwakbo

kwami

kwenu

kwethu

lahla

u(lu)-Laka

lala

i(li)-Lala

isi-Lalo

lambha

um-Lamu

landa

landela

i(li)-Langa

i(li)-Langabi

lapha-ya

i(li)-Lavvu

lawula

um-Laza

isi-Lebe

u(lu)-Lembhu

lenga

um-Lenze

letha

Hlonipa

nuluma, shuluma, loma.
isi-Bethelo, isi-Shumbha
um-Shumbhi, um-Ncurn b hi
ntshumbhula
shumuka
isi-Shundhla
u(lu)-Thezo
shuza

isi-Navama, isi-Tshwama
i(li)-Ciko
i(li)-Shwapha
ubu-Shtve

enyuka, tshwela, nwela
shweza
kinki

i-mPothulo
kontshwa
u-Ntshotsho

i-nTsitha, i-nTinta, i-Ninga,
i-Mesha, i-Matji, i-nGxama
i-Nenjane

i-nJongoni, i-Moboni, %•
nTshontshoni.

i-nDekane, i-Nenyane,
i-Matane

i-Nqotshana, i-nTshosana

i-nTshosi, i-Nqobo, i-nTshesi,
i-nTsomi

i(li)-Khwibi, i-nTshingi-
ntshingi

i(li)-Buso, i-nZetha, i-nZeka

kusicwa

kivatsho

kwate

kwato

kwati

kwenku

kweshu, kivetshu

ninga, ntshinga *
u(lu)-Caka
ciyama, giyama
i(li)-Giyamo
isi-Giyamo, isi-Ciyamo
kheca
um-Camu
nxasa, canda
nxasela, candela
i(li)- Tshida, i(li)-Dontselo,
i(li)-Shisa, i(li)- Cathamo
i(li)- Gqamu/co
lasha-ya
i(li)-Shama
cawula

um or i-Ncwenga
u(lu)-Voktvane*
i(li)-Ntlenga, u(lu)- Cevibhu
juza, * cenga
um-Simamo, um-Simelelo
cetha

— 743 -

Zulu

Hlonipa

Zulu

Hlonipa

isi-Levu

isi-Hende

u-Moya

um-Phukane, i-n Tlenge-

i(li)-Liba

i(li)-Tshiba, i(li)-Thwia *

thwa, um-Hunguzo

libala

cibala

mpofu

thuqwa, ntshofu

lila

khica

muka

khalalu

isi-Lilo

isi-Khico

um-Lilo

um-Baso, um-Tubiso, um-

na

netha *

Khanyiso, um-Phembho

naba

thwishika *

lima

genca

naka

chaka

u(lu)-Limi

u(lu)-Zeca

i-Nala

i-Chala (3rd. el.).

linda

nxasa

namathela

chamatheht

linga

gema* cinga

nameka

phaqeka *

lingana

shikana

namlila

narndesha

isi-Lo

isi- Canakazana

i-Nanzi

i-Canzi (3rd. cl. ).

um-Lobokazi

um-Cobokazi, u-Makoti*

ncane

goshane

lobola

cobola

i-Nceku

i-Neku

lodwa

lontshwa

ncela

neinta, * anyisa *

lola

jambhela, khaliphisa

um-Ncele

um-Gwesha

um-Lomo

um-Sikinyo, um-Gwinyo,

i-Ncema

i-n Gosha

um-Hlafu, um-Shido,

ncenga

ngxenga

um-Cumo

ncinda

ngxinda

ubu-Longwe

ubu-Shaqa, ubu-Njabeko,

ncinza

ngxinza

ubu-Nameko

ncisha

gosha

um-Lotha

um-Shubelo, i-Ngqubathi,

i-Ncwadi

i-Madi (3rd. cl.)

i-Ngqumathi

ncweda

focela *

um-Lozi

um-Cozi

um-Ndeni

um-Dindo

luhlaza

lucwambha

i-Nembhe

i-Ngxeze

lukhuni

luthezo

isi-Nene

isi-Chene

lula

i(li)-Hengesi *

nenga

cenga

luma

zeea

netha

chetha

i(li)-Lunda

i(li)-Dema

ama-Nga

ama-Mpoyi, ama-Qambho

lunga

cunga

umu-Nga

umti- Gca

i(li)-Lunga

i(li)-Depha, i(li)-Cunga

ngaka

masha

um-Lungu

um- Qhadasi, urn- Gwadi,

i-Ngane — see

i-nGane

tern- Wezi

um-Ngane

um-Ashe (1st. el.).

lwa

cwa

i-Ngcuba

i-nTokolo, i-Ngqingith tea

ngedwa

ngentshwa

ma

gcula *

ngena

khatheka

u-Makoti

u-Matshoti

u-Ngiyane

um-Bhodiya *

i-Mali

i-nDali

um-Ngoma

um-Moma (1st. cl. ), um-

u-Malume

u-Mazeca

Cothoyi

mamatheka

nanasheka

ngomuso

ngomgaceka, ngomnya-

i-Mambha

i-Nyambha

buka

mangala

cangala

u-Ngoqo

u-Ngogxa

u-Mazwenda

u-Mazece

i-Ngqakala

i-Ngxakali(

mbha

xila

i-Ngqatho

i-nZece

um-Mbhila

um-Miliso, um-Ncaza

i-Ngqondo

i-Ngxoudo

i-Mbho

i-Njo

umu-Ngu

um-Thakathi *

mbhoza

njoza

i-Ngxotlia

i-Metha

mekeza

lengeza

nika

entshesa, chika

mema

ceca

u-Nina

u-China

memeza

lengeza

ninda

nembha *

mhlophe

mqwayi

ningi

vivama, gcezi

i-Mini

i-nKweza

i-Ningizimu

irChingizimu (3rd. cl.)

minya

goja *

um-Nini

tt m -Chini

minyana

cinana *

njalo

nalo. ngxalo

mitha

khulelwa *

njani

nam, ngxani

mnandi

mncayi

nje

ngxe

mnene

mehene

njenga

nenga, ngxenga

mnyama

mpisholo, mkivaea, mfipha

u-Nkonka

u-Ntshontsha

u-Mona

u-Moca

isi-Nkwa

isi-Phoco

— 744

Zulu

nona

i(li)-Noni

i(li)-Nono

notha

nqaba

nqamula

nqanda

i(li)-Nqe

isi-Xqe

nqena

i-Nqolobana

i-Nqulu

nquma

nqunu

Qtambhama

u-Ntloyile

ntshinga

umu-Ntu

ntula

um-Ntwana

nuka

um-Nurnzana

umu-Nwe

u(lu)-Nwele

i(li)-Xxi\va

nxusa

nya

u(lu)-Xya

um-Nyaka

i-Xyakatho

nyakaza

ama-Nyala

i-Nyama

i-Nyamazane

Hlonipa

ehona

i(li)-Choni

i(li)~Chono

ehotha

ngxaba

zucula

ngxanda

i(li)-Che

isi-Bunu* isi-Ngxe, isi-Che

chena

is- A kit a m ukhanya *

i-Chulu (3rd. cl.)

zucula, ngxuma

bhushu

nkazama

is-Andulela, u-Kholo *

ninga

umu-Sho, um-Abi, um-Enzo

ehula

um-Bana

nqombha, ncaya, tshoha

um-Chumzana

umu- Chwe

u(lu)-Sonto

i(li)-Suko

nenga

phumela *

u(lu)-Cha

tim-Ntwasa

i-Chakatho (3rd. cl. )

zcwnazama*

ama-Mbhi

i-Ngcosa, im-Peko,

Shane
i-nTapazane, i-mPekwa

zane

i(li).

i-Xyanga (doc-
tor and moon) i-rnPengu
um-Nyango

um-Phundo, nm-Khothamo
tim-Khatheko

u(lu)-Sicilo

u-Chawothi

chwe, qhiuaba *

isi-Phenduko, isi- Che

i-nTaca

i-nTwasa

i-mPaphe, i-nTusa, i-Ndi-
zane

i-mBhunga

i-Numbha

um-Totiza, u-Malala (5th. cl.)

ama-Tshivede, ama- Vothi,
ama-Jilimbha, ama-Yiwa, ama-Kuba-
ne, ama-Nkwenta, ama-Kweta, ama-Da,
a ma- Cubane, ama-Ndambhi
azima gqintsi

u(lu)-Nya\vo

u-Nyawotlii

nye'

i.-i-Xye

i-Xyoka

i-Xyongo

i-Xyoni

i-Xyosi
i-Nyumbha
umu-Nyuza
ama-Nzi

obala

ocwatha

is-Oeo

is- Ozo

odwa

ontshwa

Zulu

okhela

oma

ona

onda

opha

ophula

osa

otha

ozela

i-inPahla

i-mPaka

i-mPalo

i-mPande

i-mPandhla

i-mPethu

pha

u(lu)-Phahla

phaka

phakama

phakathi

phala

phalaza

phambhana

phambhili

phanda

phandhle

isi-Phanga

phantsi

phanyeka

phaphama

u(lu)-Phaphe

i(li)-Phaphu

phatha

u(lu)-Phawu

phehla

pheka

jihela

i(li)-Phela

phelekezela

phembha

phendula

phenye

isi-Phepho

phesheya

pheza

phezu

phezulu

u(lu)-Phico

phika

phikelela

i(li)-Phiko

phila

phinda

i(li)-Phini

i(li)-Phithi

phola

u(lu)-Phondo

um-Phongolo

Hlonipa

ontshela, lumatha *

ganzingeka *

ocha

caka *

ontsha

oshula

hamula* lumeka *

ontsha

ogela, ocela

i-nTshahla

i-Ncwabi *

i-nTwisho

i-Ngxabo *

i-nTshandhla

i-nTshethu

sha

u(lu)-Shahla

shaka, aba*

qokama* shakama

chakathi, tshakathi

ntwisha

cwambha

shanjana

shanjili

mbhulula *

shandhle

isi-Nisha

chintsi, khinya

hloma* shanyeka

shashama

u(lu)-Siba* u(lu)- Shashe

i(li)-Bhakubha *

nanga, xhaza

u(hi)-Bekane

shikisha,* tshehla

qitha, nitha, xhayeka

chela, shela

i(li)-Totoyi

J: hap ha *

basa*

chengula

vvalu

isi-Hungu

ngesheya

cheza, sheza

ekhezo, xhezu

phejaka, engciza, phe-

ngquza
u(lu)-Hido, u(lu)-Saba *
chopha
chophelela
i(U)-Phapha
shila
shinga
i(li)-Zamiso,
i-nTshndu
qanda *
u(lu)-Shibo
um-Lavafhi

i(li)-Bondo

- 745 -

Zulu

phoqa

phosa

photha

phucula

phuma

phunga

i(li)-Pnunga

phungula

phunza

phupha

phuza

i-mPi

i-mPisi

i-mPongo

i-mPukane

i-mPunzi

i(li)-Qabi

qabuka

u-Qadolo

i(li)-Qakala

qala

qambha

i(li)-Qanda

qaphela

qatba

qeda

qephula

qha

qhakaza

qha in a

i(li)-Qhawe

i(li)-Qhezu

i(li)-Qhikiza

qholisa

isi-Qhova

qhuba

u(lu)-Qliuqho

i(li)-Qhwa

i(li)-Qili

qina

qinisa

qoma

i(li)-Qoma

isi-Qu

um-Quba

qumbha

isi-Qunga

u(lu)-Qweq\rc

sa

uniu-Sa

saba

i(li)-Saka

sakaza

sal a

uni-Samo

i(li)-Sando

Hlonipa

shoqa

ginza, shosa

swaca *

sing a*

cabuka, ntasha, ntaluka,

ntashuka
thiba
i(li)-Thibo
thibela
bhuhiba *
hungazela
masha, matha
i-n Tlaselo, i-Ny ci
i(li)-Hhewu
i-m Vuthuza
i-nDeva, i-Ndizane
u (In)- Cwa m b h a, u(lu)-

Hlaza *

i(H)-Khetho, 'i(l'i)- Yabi

xabuka

u-Cucuza *

i(li)-Tshakala

sungula* yila

xambha

i(li)-Hunga

xaphela, ng/pela

xatha

phica, swaza

nephula, xephula

xha

khahlela*

xha in a

i(li)-Nawe

i(ly-Hl&phuko

i(li)'Nikisa

nothisa

isi-Xhova

xhuba, nuba

u(lu)-Fehlane

ama-Mpoyi

i(li)-Gwayica

.1 ina

bophisa,* xinisa

bona* khombha

isi-Fundelo

isi-Gcino

iiui-Bhuquzo

numb ha

isi-Bunga

u(lu)-Khwethulo

gaceka

urn- Gaceka

eyipha

i(li)-Nikino, i(li)- Yika

chithiza *

kwayeka, nkala

um-Enyuko

is-Agco

Zulu

i(li)-Sango
um-Sebe
u(lu)-Sebe
sebenza

um-Sebenzi

i(li)-Seko

i(li)-Sela

i(U)-Sele

u(lu)-Selwa

i(li)-Sende

senga

ubu-Senge

sha

um-Sliaba

shanela

shaya

um-Shayo

shesha

shinga

sliisa

sliiya

i(li)-Shiyi

sho

i(li)-Shoba

shona

shuka

shumayela

i(li)-Shungu

ania-Si

u(lu)-Si

sibekela

sika

i(li)-Sikela

isi-Sila

uin-Sila

sina

sinda

um-Sindo

u(lu)-Singa

um-Sipha

sitha

siza

um-Sizi

u(lu)-Sizi

i(U)-So

ul)ii-So

sodwa
i(li)-Soka

sola

sombhuluka

sondela

i(li)-Sondo

sonta

i(li)-Sonto

i(li)-Su

Hlonipa

i(li)-Chako, i(li)-Phundo
um-Kebe
u(lu)-Nkebe

yimbheka, nebenda, nke-
benga

u m- Ynnhlnl.n

i(li)-Thiyo

i(li)-Kela, i(li)-Cela

i(li)-Nele, i(li)-Nkele

u(lu)-Celwa

i(li)-Khwahla, is-A ba

cheka, chaga, nkenga

ubu-Nkenga

babuka, hanguka

urn- Yakazo

etvula*

ngcaya

iiin-Ngcayo

nena

ngcinga, ninga

ncabula, babula* Im-

ngula *
khwaya
i(li)-Kii/i
no

i(li)-Noba
tona, nco/in
cuka

ncumayela
i(li)-Yezane
ama-Phivane, ama-Gcu-

iii ane
n(lii)-Nki
nkibekela

nkiga, </ii/'t,* lu'pliiila
i(li)-D) i/e/n, i(li)-Hephulo
isi-Nkila

um-Gaca, um-Khwaca
a hi mi, gida*
nkinda
urn- Yanutko
u(lu)-Nkinga
um-Kipha
nkitha

nkiga, ntshapa
um-Kigi
u(lu)-Nkigi
i(li)-GqalOj i(li)-Qaphelo,

i(li)-Khangelo
ubu-Gqalo, ubu-Qaphelo,

a 1 1 a -Ko
sontshwa

i(i;)-Khir,i, i(li)-Coka
nolo

nkombhuluka
nkondela
i(li)-Nqina

inrilii, slu Kiu

i(li)-Shaqa
i(//)-X/n\ i(li)-Nku

— 746

Zulu

isi-Su

Nkibelo,
u(lu)-Su
suka

u(lu)-Suku
ubu-Suku
sula

i(li)-Sundu
u(lu)-Sungulo
sutha
um-Suthu
suza

u(lu)-S\vazi
swela

Hlonipa

isi-Minzelo, isi-Deni, isi-
isi- Gintselo, isi- Qimbhelo
u(lu)-Cu
lothuka
u(lu)-Khwashu
ubu-Khwashu, ubu-Lothu
cula

i(li)-Nkundu
u(lu)-Chodoba
cut ha

um-Khtvintshi
mpentsha
u(lu)-Cwaci
cwela

i-nTaba

i-nTambho

i-nTebe

i-nTelezi

i-nTethe

tha

thakatha

um-Thakathi

i(li)-Thambho

i(li)-Thamo

thanda

u(lu)-Thando

i(li)-Thanga

u(lu)-Thango

thatha

thathu

isi-Thebe

thekela

thela

thembha

isi-Thembliu

tliena

thenga

thetha

thethelela

theza

thezuka

um-Thezuka

thi

umu-Thi

am-Thimbha

tliimula

thina

thinta

isi-Tho

u(lu)-Tho

tlioba

thokoza

thola

i(li)-Thole

tnombha

um-Thombho

um-Thondo

i-nKwasa, i-mPosa

hnTswaco

i-Ncindo

i-mFumbhelo

i>?iTsheshe

catha *

khunkula *

um-Khunkuli

i-nTleza, i(li)-Fahlelo,

i(li)-Cabo
i(li)-Mumatho
khaza

%i(lu)-Khazo
i(li)-Phuzi *

u(lu)-Nango, u(lu)-Thiyo
cakusha, khwabasha
khwashu
isi-Gayelo
entshekela
fumbha
eshembha
isi-Shembhu
ntshena

hega, hweba (Xo)
babaza *
cecelela
nonka
yezuka
urn- Yezuka
nki
um- Gawulo, um- Cakathi,

tim-Shanyuzo, um- Citva
um-KimbJia
qhirnula
tshina
qhinqa
isi-Simamo
ulw-Enzo
choba

ntshokoza, nokoza
shola

i(li)-Vanda, i(li)-Qeku
ajruka '
um-Chusha
um-Gcabhazo, tcm-Chamo

Zulu

um-Thondolo

i(li)-Thongo

ubu-Thongo

thuka

thukuthela

thula

u(lu)-Thuli

thuma

i(li)-Thumbha

Hlonipa

i-nTshonjolo

i(li)- Yezo

ubu-Yezo, ub-Ozelo

tshuka

jameka,sinama* sinabala

mungeka, tshula

u(lu)-Suko

shuma

i(li)- Chusha

i(li)-Thumbhu i(li)-Ncumbhu, isi-Mila
i(li)-Thuna i(li)-Fipha *
shobinga

tliunda

thunga

i(li)-Thunga

i(li)-Thunzi

isi-Thupha

thusa

isi-Thutha

u(lu)-Thuthu

thuthumela

i(li)-Thwabi

thwala

i(li)-Thwani

thwasa

isi-Thwathwa

i-nTlahla

i-nTlamvu

i-nTlangu

i-nTlanzi

i-nTliziyo

i-nTloko

i-nTloni

i-nTlonze

i-nTlunu

i-nTo

i-nTombhi

i-nTonovvane

chusha

i(li)-Sengelo, i(li)-Chaga

i(li)-Sitha

u- Gquza *

ntshusa

isi-Luthu

u(lu)-Shushu

gedezela *

i-nGwici, i(li)-Chivabi

cheleza

i(li)- Vuthuzo

entshesa, enkesa

isi-Ntshwantshwa, isi-

Ngquma *
i-nGcagca
i-Nunku
i-nCangu

i-nCivambhi, i-n Canzi
i-nKedamo, i-nTshefana,

i-Ningiyo
i-nTenca, isi-Foko
i-nConi
i-nConze
i-nCunu
i-nTsho
i-nTshiki
i(li)- Yezane

nTothoviyanei-w Concoviyane

i-nTsangu
i-nTsele
i-nTselo
isi-Tsha

umu-Tsha

tshala

u(bu)-Tshani

i-Notha
i-nKele
i(li)-Sondo *
isi-Nyazelo, isi-Fundelo,

isi-Dhlelo
um- Kindt
hlwanyela *
i-nKotha, ubu-Nca, u(bu)-

Dwani
i(li)-Silo, i(li)-Gayo i(li)-
i(li)-Choba, i(li)-

i(li)-Tshe

Gayezo, i(li)-Fothozo,

Khinyo
i(li)Tsheketshe i(li)-Nekene
tshela cela

tsheleka eneleka

u(bu)-Tshwala ubu-Habulo, i-Ntantiya,

u(bu)-Cwanta
i-nTsika i-nTiyo, i(li)-Bambhelelo

i-nTsila i-Ngxi, * i-Ncala

i-nTsimbhi i-nKimbhi

- 747

Zulu
i-nTsimu

i-nTsingizi

i-nTsipho

i-nTsumpa

i-nTuba
i-nTuthu

i(li)-Va

vala

isi-Valo

u(lu)-Valo

varaa

vela

veza

i(li)-Vezamanzi

vika

i(li)-Vila

vimbhela

isi-Vimbho

u(lu)-Vivi

i(li)-Viyo

vova

i-mVu

vubela

i-mVubu

vuka

i-mVukuzi

i-mVula

vuma

vumbhulula

vuna

vunda

vusa

vutha

i-mVuthuluka

vuthwa

vuza

i-mVuzi

wa

i(li)-Wa

i(li)-Wawa

wedwa

wela

i(li)-Wele

i(li)-Wisa

xabalaza

xabana

u-Xamu

i(li)-Xhaphozi

xega

i(li)-Xhegu

i(li)-Xhiba

x lm m a

Hlonipa

i(li)-Buya, i-nGaco, i(li)-
Dima

i-nGududu *
i-Washo (3rd. cl.)
i-nKumpa
i-nTshukushu
i-nTunqa

i(li)-Bangulo, i(li)- Vangnlo

khwangca

isi-Khwangeo, isi- (losho

u(lu)-Kh wang co

gcama

thuza

gceza

i(li)-Nezimada

thiya

i(li)-Cungathi

khwangca

isi-Ciko, isi-Khwangco

u(lu)-Khwashuko

i(li)-Dhlidhlo

hluza *

i(li)-Hungele

xubela

i-nCubu

khwabuka, kushuka

i(li)-Hu7igusi

i-Netha

chuma

khwangculula, cunulula

khivica *

gctmda

khivabukisa, khushukisa

ngcutha

i-Wohloloka (3rd. cl.)

gcuthwa

hoza

i-nGcuzi

khithika, * bhuntsuka *

isi-Khithiko

i(li)-Hamu

iventshwa

chapha

i(li)-Mbhanqa

is-Agila *

nabalaza

hingana, hints hana,

u-Ndweshe

i(li)-Bhojo, * i-'/iKaphozi

nega

i(li)-Gugo, isi-Guga

i(li)-Phempe, i(li)-Fokozi *

numa

Zulu

i(li)-Xhwala
um-Xhwele
xosha

xova

xoxa

xoza

xubana

um-Xuku

xwaya

ya

yala

yaluza

yebo

yedwa

yeka

um-Yeko

um-Yeni

isi-Yephu

u-Yise

yovula

za

u-Zagiga
zala
zama

i(li)-Zapibhane
zamula
ezantsi
i(li)-Ze
zaka
i(li)-Zele
i(li)-Zembhe
i(li)-Zeze
uniu-Zi
u(lu)-Zi
isi-Ziba (pool)
„ (patch
i(li)-Zibuko
i(li)-Ziko
um-Ziniblia
zingela
i(li)-Zinyane
i(li)-Zinyo
u(lu)-Ziplio
ama-Zolo
zonda
i(li)-Zulu

zungeza
isi-Zungezane

zuza
zwa

Hlonijxt

i(li)-Qhuza, isi-Gaxa '
ma- I'h i mbho '

lclllltlllll.il

iii/nl iilu, ' nova
nantsha

ll'isllil

p hit hana, <Iili<ni<i
ii in -S til,- ii

nwaya

na

caya

phethuza *

yetsho

yentshwa

cheka

um-Photho, inn- Yendhle

um-Cheni

isi-Naphu

u- Yinke

chovula

ij a

u-Zagcigca

cwabada

gama

i(li)-Oambhane

gamula

egantsl

i(li)-Qe

geka

i(li)-Zabeko

i(li)- Gawulo, i(li)-Ceztdo

i(li)-Geze

wm-Khaya, um-Batha

u(lu)-X<hi mhli i
isi-Bhukudo
)isi-Chihi
i(li)- Weza
i(li)-Doma

um-Sinyazo, utn-Gimbha
heleja

i(li)-Ginyane
i(li)-Hlafuno
u(lu)-Rrebhulo
ama-Bethe, unm-Goco
gconda
i(li)-Thafa, i(li)-Binga,

((li)-Ngqiza, i(li)-Goho
gingeka
isi- Yendesane, isi-Ndilile-

In nc

niiiui, cuca
khwa, ncwa

IZIBONGO

OR

TRIBAL NAMES

l)

<

(a) The following clans have representatives at the present time in Zululand.
A few of the names represent merely stray immigrants from outside tribes, in Tonga-
land, Sutos of the Transvaal, or Lalas from Natal; but with these, perhaps two or
three, exceptions, they are the names of clans aboriginal to the territory between the
Tukela and Mzinyati rivers on the south and the Pongolo river on the north (a
territory now called Zululand), and they were there previous to the disturbance of
the tribes by Shaka. Save in the immediate vicinity of the Tukela below its junction
with the Mzinyati (where the eMbho clan was living about the Mfongosi river, the Ngo-
ngoma on the lower Ntsuze, and the emaCubeni at the Nkandhla forest), there were
no Lala Natives dwelling in Zululand when Shaka was born. There were, however,
a few clans, as the emaNcwangeni, Mfekane, Msane, Vundhla, Seme, etc., who seemed
to possess some taint of Tonga blood, residing about the Mkuze and St. Lucia Lake.
For the rest, the whole land was inhabited by the abaNtungwa clans enumerated
below. This latter was, no doubt, originally the generic name for the whole Zulu-
Kafir family "as distinguished from tlfe Tongas and Swazis on the north, the Sutos
on the west, the Lalas to the south and the Xosas still south of them. The Lalas
having in a remoter period occupied the whole of the coast regions, the name aba-
Ntungwa came therefore to possess a rough signification of 'up-country people' —
their route of descent or first appearance having probably been from that direction.
In such a sense is it mainly used to-day, and applied to those tribes, as the emaNgwa-
neni, the Ndwandwes, the Kumalos, the Zulus, the Butelezis, the emaMbateni, the ema-
Chunwini, and others, who were found occupying the upper-parts of the country prior
to their disturbance by Shaka, those resident near the coast, as the Qwabes, the eLa-
ngeni, the Mtetwa, the Mkwanazi, etc., and who somehow mostly tefula'd in their
speech, being called abaZantsi. These abaNtungwa is it, who are said by tradition to
have come down with a grain-basket (b'ehla ngesilulu).

isi bongo

ema-Bheleni = kwa-
'Ntuli.

kwa'Bhiyaha (name
now sometimes giv-
en to Zibebu's secti-
on of the Zulu clan ).

ezi-Bisini

kwa' Biyela ( branch
of the emGazini)

kwa' Buthelezi

ttn-Bhuyeni

kwa Cebekhulu

isitakaxelo

Ndabezitha.
Mlotslia, Phakathi

Ntshangasc

Sh eng e, Nd a b ezith a

Linda, Mafu

isibongo

ema-Chunwini
ema-Cubeni (Lala)

em-Dhletsheni
kwa' Dhludhla
kw a ' Du b azan a

e- Gazini ( branch of

the Zuhi ),
em- Gazini (branch of

the Zulu)
ema-Gengeni

kiva'Goqo

isitakaxelo

Nyanda
Shezi

Mdhletshe
Sebeni

Ndabezitha

Ntshangase
Mlondo

Ndabezitlta

— 749

isibongo
kwa' Hlabisa

kwa Khanyile (branch
of the emaGhuntoini )

kwa'Khoza (branch
of the Qwabe)

kwa Khubisa

kwa' Khumalo (branch
of the Nxumalo),

kwa Khuzwayo

(branch of the Qwa-
be),

kwa Lang a (branch ot

the Khanyile) Sothole

e-Langeni ' Mhlongo

kwa'Linda Mbhekane

kwa Lunyawo = kwa'Nyawo

iaitakaxolo

Ngwana

Gumede
Nko?no

Xdabezitha, Ndaba,
Ntungwa V,

Uumede

kwa'Mabasa (branch

of Khumalo)
kwa Madon tsela
kwa Magubane
kwa Magwaza
kwa Makhoba
kwa Mangazi
kwa Manqele
kiva Manyoni
kwa Maphalala
kwa Masindane
kwa Masondo
kwa Masuku
kwa'Mathe
kwa Mathontsi
kwa' Mavundhla

ema-Mbhatheni (prob.
branch of the
Khumalo),

kwa'Mbheje

e-Mbho (Lala)

kwa Mbhokazi

kwa ' Mbhonamhh i

kwa Mbit udu (Tonga)

kwa Mbhuyisa

kwa Mdhlalose

kwa Mfekane or Mfe-
kaye (branch of the
emaNcwangeni),

ema-Mfeneni

kwa'Mgabhi

kwa'Mhayi

kwa'M kwanazi (branch
of the Mtetwa),

kwa Mnomiya

ema-Mpembheni
(branch of the cma-
Ngwaneni),

kwa'Mpungose

kwa Msane

kwa' Msimamo

Ndaba, Xdalxzitha
Bunene

Sengwayo

Ndaba

Mlhonga

Madebe

Thumbhu

Mphembha

Mf/tethwa

Zisongo

Ncanana

Mthembhu

Majola

Shandu, Ndabezitha
Shandu
Mkhize

Mbhuyazi, Thekeyi

Mlotshwa

Jomela

Phakathi
kwa'Thusi

Ntungwa
Mbheje

Ndoma

Mpembhe
Bunene

isibongo

kwa' Msweli
kwa' Mthabela
kwa' Mthenjana
kwa' Mthethwa

kwa'MvubU

Nxeli
Nyambhosi

Mlotsha
Phakathi

tnm-Xciiliiiii

ema-Ncwangeni

kwa'Ndhlela

kwa'Ndhlovu . Phakathi

kwa'Ndima/tdv Ncwentsa

kira'NduH Khwelo

kiva' Nd wit ltd wv liranch

of the Nxumalo), Mkhatshwa

Lira Xcne

ema-Nga d ini Na ema

kwa'Ngongoma ( Lain) Ngcobo
kwa'Ng/uoo Buhlalu

ema-Ngwaneni Luhlongane, .s'</

ngweni
kwa'Nobetha = eGazini
ema-Nqayini
kwa'Nqibuka
kwa'Ntanzi (branch Ntombhela, Ndabe-

of the Zulu), sitha

kwa'Ntlongaluvalo = kwa'Nyawo
kwa' Ntombhela

(branch of the Zulu) Mahlobo
riiia-Ntseleni Kim mala —

ema-Ntshalini Hlabangana

kwa'Ntuli Mphembha, Mbhele

l.-iraX.riiiiialo Ndwandwe\ see also

Khumalo.
ema-Nyandwini Mngunyana

kwa'Nyawo (Swazi Tonga)
kwa' Nyembhe

kwa'Nzimande _ ^

ema-Nzimeleni Mng " n i

kwa'Nzuza (branch of Mahlobo

the Ntombela \.

ema-Phiseni

Mkhatshwa

kwa' Qwabe (same

origin as the Zulu), Gumede —-
ema-Qungebeni Ngofa

eba-Qulusini (branch of the Zulu).

kwa-Seme (branch of

Mbhonambhi),
kwa'Sibiya
kwa Sikhakhana
kwa Sit hole

fnva'Shoba

kwa'Shobede
kwa'Sokhulu

kwa'Thala
eba-Thenjini

kwa'Thusi

Mbhuyazi
Oumede, Ndaba
Mbhoma
Ngqikazi

Mlondo

Sithole — •
Mvelase
Cwabaza, Ngwenya

— 750

isibongo

kwa Vilakazi
kwa Vundhla

kwaJCimbha
kwa'Xulu

isitakaxelo

Hwanqa
Buncne

Ml aba
Madango

isibongo isitakaxelo

kwa' Zibani Zikhonjwa

kwa Zondo Mthiyane

kwa' Zulu ( same ori- Ndabezitha, Lufenu-

gin as the Qwabe) Iwenja ( obsolete )
kwa, 'Zungu Sengwayo

(b) The following clans have representatives mainly in Natal. They are mostly
of the aboriginal ama-Lala stock, with the exception of stray members of Xosa, Suto
and Tonga or other East Coast tribes. There is, of course, in Natal a very large
percentage of the population of Zulu origin i. e. belonging to tribes, as the Qwabe,
Khumalo, Khuzwayo, Khanyile, emaNgwaneni, ebaThenjini, Zulu, emaChunwini, eLa-
ngeni, etc., whose original home was in the country north of the Tukela. Such tribes
will be found entered on the preceding list.

isibongo

isitakaxelo

ema-Bhaceni — a modern name given to
a collection of remnants of several ama-
Lala tribes, of whom the chief is the
a ma Wushe.

kwa' Bomb ho

ema-Bhomvwini Ngubane

kwa Bhulose Ndela

Ndosi, Khumbhuza
Lushaba

kwa'Cele

L/ca Chili
ema- Cindaneni

ema-Dimeni — see kwa'Mdima
kwa'Dube Bayise

kwa Dumisa Duma

kwa'Dunge Mkhatheni; Chiliza

kwa Fuze or Funze

[branch of the Nyuswa), Ngcobo

ema- Gwenyaneni

kwa'Hlophe Samela

kwa' Hlongwa Bhijase

ema-Hlutshini Hadebe

ema-Khabeleni

kwa Khanywayo

em-Kulwini

ema-Khuzeni

)>

ema-Langeni
kwa'Luthuli

Makhaye

Dhlamini, NgiibakgjM
Zimande

Ngcobo
Ngcolosi

Mlipha; Ndhlovu

— emaNgangeni
Nqulunga

kwa Macibise
lewa' Madhlala

kwa' Magwenya
kwa ' Majola
kwa ' Makhanya

(branch of the Qirabe),Gumede .
kwa Maphumulo Masiyane, Zulu
kiva' Mbambho Thcneza, Khumbhuza

ema-Mbhayini Mnguni (Xosa)

ema-Mbhedwini "~

fprob. branch of the

Bombo) Mpunzi

cma-Mbhilini Owacela

isitakaxelo

isibongo

c-Mbho

ema-Mbhovaneni
kwa'Mdima
kwa' Memela
kwa' Mkhulisa
kwa ' Mpandeni
kwa Mpumuza
kwa' Mthalane

e-Nadi
kiva' Ndelu
kwa' Ndhlazi
kiva Ndhlovu

ema-Ncwabeni
ktva'Ndunge — see
ema-Ngangeni
kwa'Ngcolosi
kwa'Ngcwabe
kwa'Ngidi
kwa' Ngongoma
(branch of the Nyuswa
ema-Nkonya?ieui
kwa ' Nomandhla
ema-Ntanjeni
kwa'Ntinga
kwa' Ntshangase
kwa' Nxamdlala
e-Nyamvwini
kwa' Nyuswa

ema-Phemvwini
ema-Phephethcni
kwa Phewa

ema-Qadini (branch

of the Nyuswa) Ngcobo, Ooba

kwa' Sabela

ema-Selekwini Duma

kwa' Shabalala Mshengu

kwa ' Shabane Sithuba

kwa Shabangu Shabangu

o-Shabeni Luthuli
kwa'Shangase (branch

of the Nyusiva) Shuku, Ngcobo

Mkhize
Shange
Mthembhu
Nyandu

Zondi

Hadebe —**
Qatshcni, Mwelase
Dhlamini ^*»
Makhathini
kwa'Dunge
Lushozi
Bhengu; Ngwane

) Ngcobo

Mdhlakama

Zuma

Ngcobo

(hvala
Ocunwane

751

isibongo

kwa'Sishi
ema-Somini
Java' Sosibo

isitakaxeh

M thuya
Hlombhe

kwa'Thabethe

kwa'Tembhe (Tonga) Mbhudu, Mwayi,

e-nTlangwini (branch

of the emaKImzeni) Dhlamini

ema-Tholweni

ema-Thulini Zuba

isibongo

kwa'Thunzi

ema-Vundhleni

kwa' Wosiane
ema- Wusheni

kwa' Yane

ema-Zizini
em-Zuhiuni

laka :>/•>

Khungeka

Lushozi

Gcwentsa

(c) Names of various foreign tribes and people of colour, individuals <»f which
are found scattered about Natal.

amaAwuwa, certain Transvaal Suto tribe.
amaBholomane, Cape Half-castes [? Eng. brown man].
iziChwe = abaThwa.
amaOqivelana, Griquas (Kimberley ).
abaHlambheli, certain Suto tribe.
amaKapunana Cape Half-castes.
amaKhahla, certain Bechwana tribe.
amaKhalanga, the Kalanga tribe, from the Zambezi.
amaKhiwa, the Kua East-Coast tribe
amaKunyukunyu\ t, Oreolps < Durban >

amaLala, Natal tribes (aboriginal).

amaLawu, Hottentots; applied also to Cape Half-castes.

amaMpondo, the Pondo tribe (Cape Colony).

amaMpondomise, tribe bordering on the Pondos.

amaNdatvo, certain Lower Zambezi tribe; also indiscriminately applied to Yaoa and

other East Coast tribes.
amaNdebele, the Matebeles (Rhodesia).
oNorrintsi, Chinamen.
amaNtlenga or Ntlwenga = abaTshweki.
amaNyafoktve or Nyamfokwe, certain East Coast tribe.
amaNyembhane, Inhambanc Tongas.
amaSalamusi, Malays ( Capetown ).
amaSanteliya, Natives of St. Helena.

amaShangana, the people of Ngungunyana (Portuguese East Africa).
amaShona, Natives of Mashonaland (loc. cmaSkona).
amaSulumana, Arabs [Eng. Arab. Mussulmans].
abeSuthu, Suto Natives.

amaSwazi, Natives of Swaziland (loc. eSwazini).
amaThonga, Tongaland Natives.
abaThwa, Bushmen.

amaXhoza, the Kafirs of the Cape Colony generally.
amaZezembhane, Natives of Zanzibar and adjacent African coast.

PROPER NAMES

OF

PERSONS, RIVERS, MOUNTAINS, etc.

N.B. We have preferred to enter all names of places in their locative form, as
that in which they are practically always used. To have registered them under their
nominative form might have been inconvenient and misleading; for instance, people
would generally look for the Native name of Durban under eTekwini, not under iTeku,
and they would scarcely expect to find emTo?ijaneni under umTonjana. Again, had
we shown only the nominative form, people might often have been at a loss as to
the correct manner of constructing the locative, which, as said, would be the form
they would almost always require to use.

We have affixed, wherever necessary, the number of the class to which each
name belongs, so that the nominative forms may be easily constructed, when required,
by a mere change of the prefix, the root of the word, save in the few exceptions
duly marked, remaining the same for both forms.

The improved orthography has been used throughout, showing at once the
correct pronunciation of each name.

es-Andhlwana, hill in the Nqutu district.
es-Angqu, Orange River, in Basutoland
[Su. Senqu].

e-Babanango, 2. hill in the Vryheid Dis-
trict.
kwa' Bahlokasi, 1. Leo Kop, Newcastle Dist.
u-Baleni, former chief of the enTlangwini

clan.
e-Batshe, 2. tributary of the Buffalo river,

on northern side.
ema-Bedhlane, 2. plur. hill near the Mzi-

mkulu; another hill in Zululand.
n-Bltacela, former chief of the emaLa-

ngeni clan.
o-Bhalule, 6. Limpopo river.
u-Bhebhe, former chief of the Elangeni

clan and father of Mbengi.
u-Bheja, former headman in the Nxumalo

clan.
e-mBhekamnzi, 3. tributary of the Mfolozi

river.
u-Bhekuzulu, son of Sihayo.
e-Bheleya, 2. Bellair.
e-Bheliya, 2. Berea.
em-Bheluzi, 5. river in Tongaland.
e-rn I; h<-une, 3. river in Alfred county.
u-BJiiijhl, wife of Senzangakona.

e-mBhokondweni (izi-mBhokondo, 8), riv-
er in Durban county.

u-Bhongoza, certain Zulu who entrapped
the Boers at oPate.

kwa Bhota, Botha's Hill, Durban county.

e-mBhubu, Zwart Kop, near Maritzburg.

kwa' Bhulawayo, 1. principal kz-aal of Sha-
ka, between the Mlalazi and Mhlatuze
rivers; principal kraal of Mzilikazi, in
Matebeland ; Bulawayo town.

kwa Bhulihaivu, 1. mountain at Bush-
man's River Pass in the Drakensberg.

e-mBhulwana, 3. mountain in the Mooi
River Heights.

u-Bhungane, father of Mtimkulu and son
of Ntsele.

u-Bhunu, son of Mbandeni.
; em-Bilo, 5. river in Durban county.

e-Bisi, 2. tributary of the Mzimkulu, on
the south side.

o-Bivane, 6. tributary of the Pongolo river.

o-Bonjcni (u-Bombo, 6), range of hills
between Swazi and Tonga territory.

u-Boyiya, son of Mdakuda.

esl-Bulazi, 4. hill in Mvoti county.

e-Bululwanc, 2. tributary of the White
Mfolozi.

753

e-Cabhane, 2. tributary of the Mzimkulu,
on south side.

kwa'Cekwane, Dronk Vlei.

e-Chibini, 2. place near Camperdown.

e-Cikweni, 2. Botha's Pass in tho Drakens-
berg, Newcastle district.

ebu-Coshi, 7. tributary of the White Mfo-
lozi.

e-Cweben/,2. Mhlatuze lagoon; e-Cwebeni
las'eNtlengeni, St. Lucia Lake.

u-Dabulamanzi, son of Mpande.
nna-Dadiyela, 2. plur. village in Griqua-

land East.
e-nDaka, 3. Sunday's river, Klip River

county.
e-nalrcgobheX , Dd g

e-Dalakubhei

e-n.Daleni, 3. hill near Richmond.
e-Dandi, 2. Dundee.
e-nDawane, 3. tributary of the

Ngwa-

ngwane.

e-nDayimana, 3. Diamond Fields, Kim-

berley.
u-Doyitigubo, son of Zwide.
u-Deliiy son of Mangcuku.
u-Dhladhla, father of Ntshingwana.
kiva' Dhlangezwa, 1. military kraal of Sha-

ka, near the mouth of the Mhlatuze.
tt-Dhlekezela, father of Manyosi.
u-Dhlemudhlemu, son of Nontsobo, and

father of Mhawu.
u-Dhlomo, son of Hadebe. • — ^iV.

em-Dhlothi, 5. river in Victoria county.
u-Dibandhlela, former chief of the Cele

tribe ; also of the Mapumulo tribe.
e-nDlko, 3. Vet river, Orange River Colony.
u-Dilikana, former hereditary chief of

the emaMbateni clan.
u-Dingana or Dingane, son of Senzanga-

kona, and king of Zululand.
u-Dingistvayo, former chief of the Mtetwa

clan, and « son of Jobe.
u-Dinuzulu, son of Cetshwayo.
e-nDololwane, 3. hill between the Mkuze

and Pongolo rivers.
em-Dolombha, 5. hill in Somkele's district.
e-?iDo?ida-ktisuka, 3. flat near the Lower

Drift, Tukela, where Cetshwayo and

Mbulazi fought.
u-Dubingoma, son of Ndabayake (Ndhlela).
e-Bukuduku, 2. forest between S. Lucia

Lake and the ocean.
kwa Dukuza, 1. kraal of Shaka in Victoria

county, where he was assassinated;

Stanger town.
emDalinde, 3. hill southward of Eshowe.
e-nDumeni, 3. hill in the Biggarsberg

range.
em-Dumezulu, 5. kraal of Mpande.
u-Dwnezweni, son of Mgitshwa.

e-Fafa, 2. river in the Alexandra county.
o-Fafa, a. river in the 1x<>|m> district
u-Faku, former chief of the Pondos, and

father or Bdqikela.
e-Filidi, 'J. Vryheid.
u-Fo</<>, former chief of tin- emaKuzeni

clan.
e-mFolozi, 3. river in Zululand.
e-mFongoH, 3. tributary of the Tukela, in

Zululand.
e-mFule,3. tributary of the Mhlatuze;

Melmoth village.

u-Gabangaye, son of Pakade.
e-nGagane, 3. tributary of the Buffalo

river, Newcastle district.

kwa'a<ix(i, 1. Ngungunyana's country, Por-
tuguese territory.

e-nG(izi, hill in the Lower Mfolozi dis-
trict.

kwa'Gcologcolo, 1. Kelly Hill, Mvoti
county.

u-Gcwabe, father of Zihlandhlo.

e-nGele,3. mountain range in Alfred county.

e-nGeleni, 3. hill in Weenen county.

em-Geni, 5. river in Durban county.

u-Gihuti, Gert Maritz.

tt-Gijima, daughter of Senzangakona and
wife of Mlandela.

u-Giluti, Rev. Mr. Grout, former mis-
sionary.

u-Godide, son of Ndhlela.

e-?iGogo,3. tributary of the Buffalo rive]-,
Newcastle district.

e-Goli,2. Johannesburg, the Gold Fields.

em-Golweni, 5. Spion Kop, Lions River
division

e-nGomankulu,3. Vaal Kop, near Ifaritz-
burg.

e-nGome. 3. Ngome forest, near the Bouroe
of the White Mfolozi.

cm-Gonyana,5. Crocodile river, Transvaal.

ti-Gowujcma, son of Senzangakona.

kwa' Gqikazi, 1. kraal of Mpande, near
Eshowe.

u-Gqngqu, son of Senzangakona.

e-Gubazi,2. tributary of the Buffalo, in
Zululand.

u-Gzibhela, father of Gcwabe.

e-nGuduma, 3. tributary of the White
Mfolozi.

e-nGula,3. Upper Klip river.

em-Gungundhlovu, 5. chief kraal of Di-
ngana; Maritzburg.

em-Gungundhloviiuuia, 5. Greytown,

e-Gungununu, 2. tributary of the Ngwa-
ngwane.

u-Gunqukubantwana, fabulous monster.

u-&uqa-badele, iribongo or praise-name
-iven to God by the early Christian
Natives of Natal on account of His an-

48

754 —

swering their prayers for rain, etc., lit.

He to whom one kneels and gets his

heart's desire.
e-Gwa,2. Vaal river, Transvaal.
u-Gwababa, son of Ndabayake (Mtetwa).
em-Gwahumbke, 5. tributary of the Ulovu.
u-Gwala, son of Ngonj^ama and father of

M anan.ua.
kwa' Gwalagwala, I. Pomeroy, Klip River

division.
e-nGwangwane, 3. tributary of the Mzim-

knlu, on the south side.
e-nGwanyane, 3. tributary of the Sand

river, Klip River division.
u-Gwegwana, induna of Hamu.
em-Gwenya,5. tributary of the Bushman's

river.

u-Hadebe, ancient chief of the Hlubi tribe.

c-Hadini, 2. Harding town.

u-Haga, probably some former leader of

the Boers in Natal.
ka'Hawana (inqaba), Kambula Hill, Vry-

heid district.
ii-Hhamu, son of Mpande.
u-Hhayiyana, brother of Zibebu, and son

of Mapita.
ema-Hlabathini (ama-Hlabathi), country

about the lower White Mfolozi, on both

sides.
em-Hlahlana, 5. tributary of the White

Mfolozi.
cm-Hlali, 5. river in Victoria county;

\R illiamstown village.
o-Hlange, 6. river in Victoria county;

Phoenix station.
em-Hlangeni, 5. Gordon Memorial, Msinga

district.
Lira Hlathikhulu, 1. forest-covered hill in

the Lubombo range, north of Zululand;

ditto near Washbank, Klip River county;

ditto in the Mooi River Heights, Weenen

county .
cm-Hlathuzana, 5. tributary of the Mhla-

tuze, Zululand; river in Durban county.
< m-Hlathuxe, 5. river in Zululand.
o-Hlawe, 6. river in Victoria county; Vic-
toria village.
I. iru ! Flu zakazi, 1. mountain in the Nqutu

district.
e-Hlimbhithwa, 2. tributary of the Mvoti.
e-Hlobane, 2. hill in the Vryheid district.
rm-Hlongamvula or Hlwengamvula, hill

north of the White Mfolozi; also another

in Swaziland.
i imi-Hlongwa, 2 plur. river in Alexandra

county.
u-Hlube, son of Mbunda, and former chief

of a mixed Basuto tribe placed by the

Government in Zululand.
r-lfliiliiuu'r,2. river in Zululand, running

into St. Lucia Lake.

u-Hluma, son of Makasana.

em-Hlumbha, 5. mountain in the Mooi Riv-
er Heights.

em- H lung wane, 5. stream in the Nqutu
district.

e-Hluthankungu,2. hill in the Alexandra
county.

em-Holweni, 5. Mount West, on the boun-
dary of Weenen county.

u-Hoqokazi, fabulous female who ate peo-
ple.

em-Hug ani, 5. Caledon river, Basutoland.

u-ffiiqu, certain half-witted man who acted
as Shaka's 'jester.'

e)>ia-Hwaqa, 2. plur. mountain near Polela.

ema-Jalimaneni, New Germany; New
Guelderland.

u-Jama, father of Senzangakona, and son
of Ndaba; also certain former chief of
the Tembu clan.

kwa'Jimu, Rorke's Drift, on the Buffalo
river; Riverside Drift, on the Ngwa-
ngwane river.

u-Jinindi, nickname for Cetshwayo.

u-Jobe, son of Mkayi, and father of Di-
ngiswayo ; also certain induna of Ngoza,
chief of the Tembu clan.

kiva'Jonono, Eland slaagte.

e-Jozi, 2. Johannesburg. ^~

ema-Juba, 2. plur. mountain in the New-
castle district.

u-Jubhele, Genl. Joubert, of the late Trans-
vaal Govt.

e-nKandhla, 3. forest-covered hill in Zulu-
land.

e-nKanini, 3. former great-place of the
Swazi king.

esi-Kebheni, 4. Colenso village.

u-Khabazele, father of Mavovo.

o-Khahlambheni (u-Khahlambha, 6), por-
tion of the Drakensberg bordering on
Basutoland.

e-Khamanzi, 2. tributary of the Mvoti.

em-Khambhathini, 5. Table Mountain,
near Maritzburg.

u-Khambhi, son of Hamu.

u-Khawule, son of Sonqandile, and father
of Ndabayake (Ndhlela).

kwa' Khehlelifantini, Town Hill, Maritz-
burg.

u-Khenkedunusa, fabulous personage.

e-Khetheni, 2. mountain in the Newcastle
district.

em-Khobeni, 5. tributary of ,the Mkomazi.

em-Kholombhe, 5. mountain in the Mooi
River Heights.

em-Khomazi, 5. river in Natal.

u-Khondhlo, father of Pakatwayo.

u-Khonela, n. heir of Zibebu.

em-Khonjane, 5. hill in the Nqutu dist.

755 —

u-Khopho, former chief of the emaKebe-
leni clan.

cma-Khowe, range of hills in the Lower
Mfolozi district.

em-Khukhuze, 5. tributary of the Mlalazi.

u-Khundhlase, mother of Zibebu.

em-Khunya, 5. hill in the Alexandra county.

em-Khnze, 5. river to the north of Zulu-
land.

csi-Khwebezi, 4. tributary of the Black
Mfolozi.

kwa'Khtvcla, Otto's Bluff, near Maritz-
burg.

e-nKonzo,3. tributary of the Mzimkulu.

c-nKunzi, 3. tributary of the Sundays river.

e-nKuzane,3. stream in the Nongoma dis-
trict.

ezi-nKwazi, 3. plur. river in Victoria coun-
ty-

e-nKwelo, 3. mountain in the Newcastle

district.

ebu or kwa'Lahlabantu, precipitous place
at the White Mfolozi where people were
executed in Mpande's time.

em-Lalazi, 5. river in Zululand.

em-Lamlhomunye, 5. Karkloof river, tri-
butary of the Mgeni.

on-Lambhongwenya, 5. kraal of Mpande's
mother, near the White Mfolozi.

em-La?nbhonja, 5. tributary of the Tukela.

o-Landandhlovu, 6. military kraal of Ce-
tshwayo, near Eshowe.

u-Langa, father of Zwide (Ndwandwe
clan ).

u-Langa, former chief of the Sokulu clan,
and father of Mazwi.

u-Langanasibi, certain chief driven north-
wards by Shaka.

u-Langa-libalele, former chief of the ema-
Hlutshini clan in Natal, son of Mtim-
kulu. p .

u-Langazana, wife of Senzangakona.

e-Langwane, 2. Volksrust, Transvaal.

ema-Lani, mountain in the Drakensberg,
in Newcastle dist.

kwa'Lasha, applied to any 'bottomless'
place, abyss or chasm, such as are fre-
quently used for executions.

em-Lazi, 5. river in Durban county.

e-Lenge,2. Job's Kop, Klip River county.

u-Lokothwayo, son of Madhlebe.

e-Lovu — see el-Ovu.

u-Lukulimbha, notable Natal man in Sha-
ka's time.

ti-Lukhuni, Sir. Evelyn Wood.

u-Mabele?nade, certain queen said to re-
side 'far away north' (place indicated
being probably north Tongaland), who is
the reputed cause of the present locust
plague. The locusts are said to 'come

forth from the grave <»f Bfakasana |
name below), who was the original owner
and was buried with his property, the
konyane' probably from the fact of the
locusts having temporarily disappeared
about that time. Blabelemade resurrected

the pest, and, to wit, as a new Species, all
her own.

u-Mabhodhla, ancient chief of the Hbo-
nambi flan, who 'struck the Bea with a
ln-ass rod, whereupon it divided and he
and his passed over on dry ground.1
He probably went north with Nqabfl
Uzangandaba, by whom this same miracle
is said to have been worked on the Zam-
bezi.

u-Mabhoko, son of Masipula.
hwa'Mabhudu, district in Tongaland (pro-
bably about the Maputa river).
u-Madngwane, former chief of the ema-

Cunwini tribe.
u-Madhlebe, headman of the ZungU elan

and father of Lokotwayo.
u-Madango, son of Xaba, ami father of

Mkayi.
kwa' Madhlozi, hill in the Nkandhla dis-
trict.
u-Madipha, chief son of Shangana, and

killed by Dingiswayo.
u-Madikane, former chief of the Wushe

clan.
u-Madumbha, son of Mpande.
u-Magadaza, former chief living near

Mpiitshini river.
u-Mafithi, son of Ndabayake (Mtetwa).
u-Mafonqonyana, younger son of Kondhlo.
ti-Magawukazi, praise-name of Langazana.
u-Magaye, son and heir of Dibandhlela.
u-Mageba, son of Zulu.
u-Magela, uncle of Mnini.
u-Magembhc, father of Manukuza of the

Mbokazi clan, and son of Ntshitikazi.
u-Magenge, former chief of the eNadi clan.
u-Magidigidi, son of Magaye.
kwa'Magubana, De Beer's Pass, in the

Drakensberg.
u-Mahavmle, former chief of the Fuze

tribe; also of the emaSomini.
u-Mahhit, son of Tokotoko.
hwa' Mahlashana, Kearsney villa
n-Mahloknhhi, early name of Hnnu.
u-Majiya. induna of Mpande; former

chief of the emaPepeteni tribe.
e-Makhala, Helpmakaar Village.
e-Makhaleni, Kornet Spruit, Basutoland.
u-Makkandhkme, former chief, father of
Mdhlayi, and driven northward by Shaka.
urMahhasana, son of Mwayi, and father

,>f Noziyingili.
urMakhedama, former chiei of certain
up-country tribe.

is*

756 —

u

u-Makhosana, son of Sigcwelegcwele.

kwa' Malakatha, place in Nqutu district.

u-Malamulela, Swazi name for Sir Francis
do Winton.

u-Malanda, father of Somkele, and indu-
na of Dingiswayo.

u-Malandela, lather of Qwabe and Zulu.

u-Malimade, Sir Melmoth Osborn.

e-Malivana, 2. Malvern.

u-Mambka, father of Masipula.

e-Mambha, S. river in the Eshowe divi-
sion, tributary of the Tukela.

u-Mambhame, former chief of the emKu-
lwini clan.

kioa' Mampontshe, certain former chief liv-
ing 'far, far away.'

UrMananga, son of Gwala and father of
Ngiba.

u-Mande, son of Dibandhlela.

kwa' Mandhlakazi, country inhabited by
Zibebu's following, who are called by
this name. Cp. o-Sutu.

u-Mangcuku, former chief of the Ndelu
tribe.

u-Mangobe, father of Mwayi, a former
Tonga chief, and from whose country
cats were first brought into Zululand.

u Mangondowane, chief said to reside 'far
away north', and who possesses a leo-
pard as watch-dog.

u-Mankulumane, son of Somapunga.

u-Mantantashiya, son of Mpande.

iirMantathisi, father of Sigonyela.

u-Manukuza, subsequent name of Sosha-
ngana when in Portuguese territory ;
also certain son of Magembe and chief
of the Mbokazi clan.

UrManyonyo, former chief of the ema-
Mbedwini or Bombo clan.

UrManyosi, of the emaMbateni clan, and
inceku of Shaka.

u-Manzini, father of Ngqumbazi.

u-Manzolwandhle, son of Cetshwayo.

u-Maphitha, son of Sojiyisa.

a- Vapholoba, former chief of the Nyuswa
clan.

kwa Maphumido, locality in the Victoria
county.

UrMaqhwakazi, mountain in Zululand,
near Eshowe.

I.irii Masende, 1. Mount Erskine, Bush-
man's. River Range.

UrMashiya, son of Dhlomo.

i-Mashobana, father of Mzilikazi, and
headman of the Kumalo clan.

KrMashongwe, man who became famous
through having his eyes plucked out by
Shaka.

n-Masiphula, chief induna of Mpande.

u-Matiwana or Matiivane, former chief
of the emaNgwaneni clan.

kwa' Matiwana, certain ridge opposite

Dingana's Mgungundhlovu kraal, where

executions took place.
u-Matshana, son of Mondise.
u-Mavovo, father of Gubela.
u-Mavumengwana, son of Ndhlela.
u-Mawa, wife of Senzangakona, who, in

1843, fled from Mpande into Natal.
u-Mazwi, son of Langa ( Sokulu ), and

father of Nontsobo.
u-Maiveive, son of Jobe, and elder brother

of Dingiswayo.
u-Maiveva, son of Soshangana.
u-Mbelebele, son of Pakade.
emu-Mbha, 5. hill in the Klip River district.
u-Mbhandeni, former king of Swaziland,

and father of Bunu.
u-Mbhekane or Mbhekwane, father of

Nqaba.
u-Mbhengi, son of Bebe, and father of

Nandi.
e-Mbho, 3. country inhabited by the eMbo

clan, now about the middle Ulovu;

Xosa name for Natal generally.
u-Mbhulazi, son of Mpande by Monase.
u-Mbiya, son of Shangana.
u-Mbilini, certain Swazi chief.
u-Mbopha, inceku of Shaka, who assisted

in his assassination ; also a former chief

of the Hlabisa clan.
u-Mcolosi, former chief of the eNyamvwini

clan.
u-Mdabula, son of Mfanawendhlela.
u-Mdakuda, former chief of the Dunge

tribe.
U'Mdava, man of the Dunge clan who in-
troduced cannibalism into Natal in Sha-

ka'stime.
kwa' Mdedelele or Mdedeleku, Cathkin

Peak in the Drakensberg.
u-Mdhlalose, n. headman in Shaka's time.
u-Mdhlayi, son of Makandhlana.
u-Mdindwa, certain brave in Shaka's time.
u-Mdungazive, brother of Ngungnnyana.
u-Mehlokazulu, son of Sihayo.
u-Menzi, another name for Senzangakona.
u-Mepha, former chief of the Ngcolosi tribe.
u-Mfana-wendhlela, hereditary chief of the

Zungu clan.
n-Mfihlo, son of Senzangakona, killed by

Dingana.
u-Mfinyeli, hereditary chief of the Xulu clan.
u-Mfunda, daughter of Pakatwayo and

mother of Nandi.
u-Mgabi, n. former chief of the eLangeni

clan.
u-Mgamule, son of Nzobo.
u-Mgengi, praise-name of Shaka.
u-Mgidhlana, son of Mpande.
u-Mgitshwa, son of Mvundhlana, and

induna of Cetshwayo.

- 757 -

u-Mgojana, son of Somapunga.
u-Mhawu, son of Dhlemudhlemu, and pro-
spective hereditary chief of the Sokiiluclan.

u-Mhlaba-wadabuka, son of Sigode and

brother of Soshangana.
u-Mhlangana, son of Senzangakona, who

helped to assassinate Shaka.
u-Mjadu, son of Ngcubula, and father of

Sonqandile.
u-Mjulela, former chief of fllongwa tribe.
u-Mkhabayi, daughter of Jama and lull-
sister of Senzangakona.
u-Mkhaliphi, former chief of the eNya-

mvwini tribe.
u-Mkhanyeli, another name for Nobeta.
u-Mkhayi or Mkhali, father of .lobe, chief

of the Mtetwa clan.
u-Mkhonto, son of Magaye.
u-Mkhosana, father of Somlomo, and son

of Sigota.
u-Mkhungo, son of Mpande.
u-Mlandela, son of Mbiya, and father of

Sokwetshata.
u-Mlotshwa, former headman of the Ku-

malo elan.
UrMncumb hatha, former chief of the

emaNcwanganeni clan.
u-Mnini, chief of the emaTulini tribe.
u-Mnyamana, son of Ngqengelele, and a

chief induna of Cetshwayo.
u-Monakali, former chief of a section of

the emaHlutshini tribe.
u-Monase, wife of Mpande, and mother

of Mbulazi.
u-Mondise, son of Jobe, induna of the

Tembu clan.
u-Mondiso, brother of Dingiswayo.
u-Moni, father of Ncozana.
u-Moyeni, former chief of one branch of

the emaSomini tribe.
u-Mpande, son of Senzangakona, and

father of Cetshwayo.
u-Mpangazithu, former chief of a portion

of the emaHlutshini tribe.
u-Mpehlela, mountain in Zululand, near

Eshowe.
u-Mpepha, son of Zwide.
kiva Mpukunyoni, country north of the Low-
er Mfolozi, inhabited by Somkele's people.
u-Mpungose, induna of the ancient chief

Zulu.
u-Mqikela, son of Faku, and father of

Sigcawu.
u-Mqiindane, induna of Sir T. Shepstone,

and placed by him over the umTinta-

ndaba tribe.
u-Msholozi, former chief of the Nxamalala

tribe.
u-Msasane, certain brave in Shaka's time.
u-Mshiyane, former chief of the Ntsha-

ngase tribe.

u-Msushwana, hereditary chief of the

Mdhletshe clan.
u-Mmthu, son of Mpande.
u-MswazL father of Mbandeni.
UrMthimkhulu, Bon of Bungane, and chief

oi the emaHlutshini clan.
u-Mthonqa, son of Mpande.
kwa'Mtshanjalo, St. John's (Durban Poinl

name), Pondoland.
u-Mmi, younger son ,,r Kondhlo.
u-Mvundhlane, father of Mgitshwa.
UrMwayi, son of Mangobe.
u-Myandeya u-Mlandela.
n-M:itin>ii, John hiinn.
u-Mzila, son of Soshangana.
UrMzilitcazi, son of Mashobana, and rather

of Nombengula.
UrMzingeli, former chief of He- Mfekane

clan.

u-Mzintlanga, eldest daughter of Senza-
ngakona by his first wife.

e-Nadi, tributary of Tukela in Natal.
UrNanabahule or Nanahule, fabulous

animal living in river pools.

em-Nambhithi, .',. Klip river and its upper
tributary the Sand river; town of Lady-
smith.

e-Nanda, 3. range of lulls in Victoria
county.

e-Neandu,3. tributary of the Ngagane river.

e-Ncibidwana, 3. tributary of the Bush-
man's river.

e-Ncome,S. Blood River, tributary of the
Buffalo.

e-Nconcosi.,3. tributary of the Tukela.

VrNcozana, certain brave in Shaka's time

e-Ncuba, tributary of the Buffalo, north
side; town of Utrecht.

e-Ncwaoube, 3. Lindley.

e-Ncwadi, ■'»'. tributary of the Mkomazi.

u-Ndaba, son of Punga,

u-Ndabayakhe, son of Kawule, and here-
ditary chief of the Ndhlela clan.

u-Ndabayakhe, son of Dingiswayo (Mte-
twa chief ).

UrNdabuko, sou of Mpande, and full-bro-
ther of Cetshwayo.

u-Ndelu, former chief of the Bombo clan.

kwa' Ndhlalangubo or Ndhlayangubo, I.
kraal of shaka's on n ridge between
the Ngoye lulls and tin' Mhiatuze, ami
where Nfandi died.

ema-Ndhlalathi, 2. plur. tributary of the
Tukela in Natal.

u-Ndhlebende, former chief of the Ka-
nywayo tribe.

u-Ndhlela, a chief induna of Dingana.

kwa' Ndhlovukazi, Lesseyton.

o-Ndini (u-Ndit6.), Drakensberg range;
kraal of Mpande between th<- Ngoye

- 758 -

hills and the Mhlatuze, afterwards mov-
ed to Nodwengu.

bwa'Ndintsa, place near Delagoa Bay.

u-NdulungOf son of Mnyamana.

u-Ndungunya, father of Sobuza.

ema-Xgana, 2. pint: tributary of the
Mgeni.

u-Ngawonde, ancient chief of the Mbona-
m bi clan.

u-Xgendeyana, reputed father of Ngwadi.

ema-Xgeni, 3. plur. hill in the Nqutu dis-
trict.

u-Xgiba, father of Sigota and son of Ma-
nanga.

UrNgcubula, father of Mjadu.

u-Xgodongwana, early name of Dingis-
wayo.

u-Ngomane, induna of Dingiswayo, and
of the Mdhletshe tribe.

e-Ngome — see e-nGome.

u-Ngonyama, son of Ngawonde, and
father of Gwala; also former chief of
the emaKuzeni clan.

u-Xyotsha, father of Songiya.

o-Ngoye, 6. range of forest-covered hills
between the Mlalazi and Mhlatuze rivers.

u-Ngoza, former chief of the Tembu tribe.

u-Ngoza, induna of Sir T. Shepstone, and
placed over part of the Tintandaba tribe.

n-Xgqengelele, father of Mnyamana.

kiva'Xgqumbhu, certain pool in the Nye-
zane river where criminals were thrown.

u-Ngqumbhazi, mother of Cetshwayo.

u-Ngungunyana, son of Mzila, and king
of the Gasa Tongas.

u-Xgwadi, son of Nandi by Ngendeyana.

u-Ngivane, father of Ndungunya.

ema-Ngweni, 2. plur. military kraal of
Cetshwayo, in which remnants of Mpa-
nde's regiments were re-assembled.

u-Njakaba, son of Sopana.

u-Nje?ije, former chief of the Madhlala clan.

u-Xjoli, former chief of the emaXasibeni
clan.

e-Njisuthi, 3. Little Tukela river.

%i-X junju-wohlanga, praise-name of Din-
gana.

ema-Nkamane, 2. plur. portion of the
Biggarsberg Range.

u-Nkankane, son of Nobeta.

kwa 'Nkatha, hill near the White Mfolozi,
where criminals were executed.

kwa' Nkosinkulu, certain spot, marked by
a euphorbia tree, in the vicinity of Din-
gana's Mgungundhlovu kraal, where
trials used to be held and where probably
some ancestor was buried.

a-Xktdunkuhi, the Great-great-ancestor or
ancestral-spirit (of mankind), the first
man who is supposed to have made most
of the things round about; hence, adopted

by missionaries to express God, Creator.
u-Xkuna, former chief of one branch of

the emaSomini tribe.
kwa' Nobambha, kraal of Senzangakona;

Weenen village.
u-Nobanda, certain brave in Shaka's time.
u-Nobetha, son of Zivalela and originator

of the eGazini clan.
u-Nocandambhedu, former chief of the

emaGwenyaneni clan.
u-Xobhadu — see Dictionary.
u-Xomagaga, former chief of the Nadi

clan.
u-Xomcoba, daughter of Senzangakona by

Nandi.
u-Nodumehlezi, praise-name of Shaka.
kwa Nodwengu, principal residence of

Mpande.
kwa Nogqaza, Howick.
u-Nomaguma, father of Ngiba.
u-Nomahlanjana, heir of Zwide.
u-Nombhengula, son of Zwide; also son

of Mzilikazi and king of Matebeleland

(known as Lobengula).
ti-Nombheuni, former chief of the enTla-

ngwini clan.
u-Nomganga, former chief of the Dhla-

nyoka clan.
u-Nomkhubtdwana — see Dictionary.
u-Nomo, uncle of Kondhlo.
u-Nomqotho, daughter of Senzangakona,

and wife of Mlandela.
u-Nondaba, former chief of the Wushe

tribe.
e-Xondvjeni, 3. tributary of the Nguduma;

gold-fields thereabout.
u-Xongalaza, chief induna of Mpande.
u-Xongidi, cluster of hills near the lower

Mfolozi.
e-Nonothi, 3. river in Victoria county.
u-Nontsobo, son of Mazwi, and father of

Dhlemudlilemu.
u-Nozidiya, wife of Malandela, and mother

of Zulu.
u-Noziyingili, son of Hluma, and chief of

the Tongas north of Zululand.
u-Nqaba, son of Mbekwane, of the Kuma-

lo clan, driven northward by Shaka.
u-Nqabeni, son of Langa, and brother of

Zwide.
u-Nqinambhi, former chief of the Wushe

clan.
e-Nquthu, 3. hill in Zululand.
u-Ntaba, former chief of the emaTulini

tribe.
kwa' Ntaba-kayikhonjwa, Blinkwater Moun-
tain, in Mvoti county.
kwa' Ntabamhlophe, mountain in Weenen

county.
kiva Ntabankulu, mountain in the Vryheid

district.

— 759 -

u-Ntanyana, daughter of Macingwane.

u-Ntombhazi, mother of Zwide.

kwd Ntoningi, Mount Arrochar, Weenon
county.

u-Ntsele, son of Mashiya.

ii-Ntshilikazi, father of Magembe.

u-Ntshingwana, son of Dhladhla, driven
north by Shaka.

u-Ntshingwayo, son of Maholi, and com-
mander of the Zulu troops at Isandhlwa-
na.

ka Ntunjambhili, Krans Kop, in the Mvoti
county; Fort Buckingham.

e-Nukhasela, 3. Newcastle.

emu-Nweni, 5. tributary of the Tukela.

e-Nyamakazi, 3. Wilge river, Orange River
Colony. —

e-Nyamazane,3. hill in the Mvoti county.

esi-Nyambhothi, 4. Eland's Kop, Mvoti
county.

e-Nyamvtibu, 3. tributary of the Mooi Ri-
ver; Riet Vlei.

ema-Nyane, 2. plur. tributary of the Tu-
kela, in Zululand.

kwa'Nyawo, Sambane's territory (from
Nyawo, his father).

u-Nyembhezi, son of Ndabayake (Mtetwa).

e-Nyengezi, 3. Marburg.

e-Nyezane, 3. river in Zululand.

e-Nyoni, 3. two rivers in Zululand.

u-Nzenze — see Dictionary, under i(li)-Fa.

ema-Nzimtoti, 2. plur. river in Durban
county.

u-Nzibe, son of Senzangakona, and full-
brother of Mpande.

u-Nzobo, a chief induna of Dingana.

u-NzwaJcele, certain induna under Cetshwa-

yo.

el-Ovu or ol-Ovu (ul-Ovu, 6*.; occasionally,
though incorrectly, il-Ovu, 2.), river in
Durban county.

e-mPandhleni, 3. hill in the Nkandhla dis-
trict.

e-mPangeni, 3. tributary of the Mhlatuze.

e-mPaphala, 3. tributary of the Tukela, in
Zululand.

u-Phalane, uncle of Ndabayake (Ndhlela).

u-l'hakade, son of Macingwane ; also son
of Sikunyana.

e-Phayindi, 2. Point, Durban.

e-Phayindana, 2. Pinetown.

e-mPembheni, 3. tributary of the White
Mfolozi.

e-viPendhle, 3. hill in the Lion's River
division.

u-Pewula, Paul Kriiger.

e-Phakwe,2. Mount Allarol, Mvoti county.

em-Phambhanyoni, 5. river in Alexandra
county.

o-Phathe, 6. place in the Nongoma district.

esi-Phezi, l. mountain in tli<' Nqutu district
o-Phitido, (>. mountain in tin- Nkandhla

district
eri-Phingo, 4. village in Durban county.
o-Phisweni, 6. mountain in Mvoti county.
e-Pholela, 2. tributary of the Mzimkulu;

Bulwer village.
o-Phongolo, 6. tributary of tin- Usutu.
kirn ■' I'huiiixihu irii, ciant'f < ':i - 1 1 •-, in the

Drakensberg.
ema-Phothweni, 2. plur. kraal of lipande.
u-Phunga, boh of Mageba.
e-Pikin in i (i(Ii)-l Hkin mi), Verulam.
e-mPisi, 3. tributary of the Tukela, in Natal.
u-Piti, Piet Retief.

e-mPofana, 3. Mooi river; Weston vill
e-mPofu iii/iii) a, .7. Sterk Spruit; Lion's

river, tributary of tin- Mgeni; :i tribu-
tary of the .Mooi river.
e-mPolweni, 3. tributary of the Mgeni.
e-mPond<>,3. tributary of the Ngagane.
e-mPumulonja, 3. .Mount Gilboa, Lion's

River division.
UrPhungashe, former chief of tin- Butelezi

clan.

kwd Qathaza, Highflats.

em-Qeku, 5. tributary of the Mgeni.

e-Qhudeni, 2. forest-covered hill in the
Nkandhla dist

u-Qili, another name for UrNkulunkulu
(Callaway).

ema-Qongqo, 2. plur. two adjoining moun-
tains in the Nongoma dist.

e-Qwaba,2. M odder river, Orange River
Colony.

esi-Rrebhe?ii, kraal of Tshaka.

u-Sambhane, independent Swazi chief,
north of Zululand.

e-Sandhlwana — see es-Andhlwana.

kivd Sangwana, Little Noodsberg.

e-Sayide,2. Port Shepstone.

U-Sathane, Satan, the Devil.

u-Sekethwayo, induna of Cetshwayo, and
of the Mdhlalose flan.

UrSenzangakhona, son of Jama, and fa-
ther of Shaka.

u-Shaka, '2. son of Senzangakona.

e-Shalistawini, Charlestown.

u-Shangana, son of Jobe, :i\i<\ brother oJ
Dingiswayo.

u-Shingana, son of Mpande.

ema-Shishini, Lydenburg.

e-Showe,2. town and forest in Zululand.

em-Shwathi, 5. New Hanover.

UrSibonda, certain chief north of Zululand.

u-Sidumo, son of Mafongonyana and fa-
ther of Sigxotshana.

w-Sigcawu, son of Mqikela, and duel ,.i
the Pondos.

— 760

u-Sigcwelegcwele, induna of Cetshway o and
hereditary chief of the emaNgadini clan.

u-Sigidi, praise-name of Shaka.

u-Sigode, younger son of Langa, and fa-
ther of Soshangana.

u-Sigonyela, son of Mantatisi, and former
chief of the Tlokwa Sutos, on the Caledon.

u-Sigotha, son of Ngiba and father of
Mkosana.

UrSigxotshana, son of Sidumo.

u-Sihayo, certain headman under Cetsh-
wayo.

itrSikhotha, son of Mpande and full-bro-
ther of Mhulazi.

u-Sikhukhukhu, son of Sikwata.

u-Sikhunyana, eldest son of Zwide.

o-Sikisiki, 6. forest on the Qudeni hill, in
Zululand.

U-Sikwata, father of Sikukuku, and chief
of the Peda Sutos.

u-Silomo, Swazi name for Sir Ashmead
Bartlett.

u-Silosimaphundu, fabulous animal.

ii-Simamana-wengwe, ancient chief of the
Mtetwa tribe, and father of Xaba.

(•///-Shiga, 5. hill in the Msinga district.

u-Sintwangu, son of Mpande.

u-Sishemane, son of Zwide.

u-Sitheku, son of Mpande.

u-Sitimela, adventurer, who called himself
the son of Somveli.

u-Siyephu, son of Langalibalele.

VrSiyingela, son of Zihlandhlo.

u-Sobhuza, father of Mswazi.

u-Sokhothi, former chief of the emaNga-
ngeni clan.

u-Sojiyisa, son of Jama, and brother of
Senzangakona.

u-Sokwetshatha, son of Mlandela.

u-Sidoyi, former chief of the emaKuzeni
clan.

u-Somapl/unga, son of Zwide.

u-Somcuba, brother of Sobuza.

u-Somhlola, father of Ndungunya.

u-Somkhele, son of Malanda, and chief of
the Mkvvanazi clan.

u-Somlomo, son of Mkosana, and descen-
dant of Mabodhla.

u-Somnganiso, praise-name for God, prob-
ably coined by the early Christians of
Natal.

u-Songiya, mother of Mpande.

u-Sonqandile, son of Mjadu, and father
of Kawule.

u-Somveli, heir of Dingiswayo, who mi-
grated into Portuguese territory.

u-Sophana, son of Pakatwayo.

a -Soshangana, son of Sigode, and father
of Mzila.

u-SukaJii, son of Mpande.

em-Suluzi, 5. Blauwkrantz river.

em-Sunduze, 5. tributary of the Mgeni;
ditto of the Matigulu in Zululand;
ditto of the Isiteza.

e-Sungtibala, 2. Olivier's Hoek Pass, in
the Drakensberg.

o-Sathu, 6. the country of the Sutos;
country inhabited by Cetshwayo's
following (as opposed to that of Mbula-
zi) and now applied to that where Dinu-
zulu resides; river north of Zululand.

e-nTa, Valsh river, Orange River Colony.

e-nTanyane, Pakadi's Peak, Mooi Range;
also hill in the Nqutu district.

e-nTabazwe, Harrismith.

ema-Tatiyele — see ema-Dadiyela.

kwa Thahana, pool in the Kula stream,
used as place of execution by Cetshwa-
yo.

o-Thaka, 6. Wakkerstroom.

e-Thalastoni, 2. Standerton.

ema-Thamo, 2. plur. Little Bushman's
River.

em-Thamvuna, 5. river in Alfred county.

e-Thawini, 2. Maritzburg.

e-Thekwini (i(li)-Theku), Durban (name
prob. imported by Xosa-speaking pio-
neer Colonists, from Xo. i(li)-Teko, place
of meeting).

e-Thelezini (i(li)-Thelezi), mountain near
the Blood River.

esi-Theza, coast stream in Zululand.

em-Thin-emide, place north of the middle
Mhlatuze.

um-Thintandaba, mixed tribe formed by
Sir T. Shepstone and placed under
Mqundane and others.

e-Thintwa, 2. mountain in the Drakensberg,
in the Klip river division.

u-Thixo, Xosa name for God.

o-Thongathi, 6. river in Victoria county.

em-Thonjaneni, 5. hill-range beyond Mel-
moth, in Zululand.

o-Thukela, 6. river between Natal and
Zululand.

em-Thtvalume, 5. river in the Alexandra
county.

em-Thwashini, 5. Doesburg.

ema-Tigulu, 2. plur. river in Zululand, next
beyond the Tukela.

e-nTili, 3. hill in the Biggarsberg.

e-nTimbhankulu, S. place near the middle
Ulovu; forest-clad hill near the lower
Mzimkulu.

e-nThiini, 3. tributary of the White Mfo-
lozi.

e-nTlangakazi, 3. Mount Sargeaunt, in the
Noodsberg.

e-nTlaveni, 3. = i(li)-Xobho.

e-nTlazatshe, 3. mountain beyond the
upper White Mfolozi.

761 -

e-nTlazuka, 3. mountain in the Richmond

division.
e-nltomula, 3. mountain in the Biggars-

berg Range.
e-nTlosane, 3. mountain in the Lion's

River division.
e-nTI umayo, 3. mountain in the Klip River

division.
e-nTluzela, 3. mountain in the Lion's River

division.
u-Tokotoko, brother of Mapita.
e-nTolwane, 3. liill between Eshowe and

Nkandhla.
e-nTonteleni, 3. kraal of Shaka, soutli of

the lower Mlalazi.
e-nTsangwini, 3. Richmond Road Station.
e-nTseleni, 3. river in Zululand.
e-nTshangwe, 3. hill near Camperdown.
em-Tshezana, 5. Rensburg Spruit.
em-Tshezi, 5. Bushman's River; Estcourt

town.
u-Tshonkweni, son of Mpande.
e-nTsikazi, 3. hill in Alexandra county.
e-nTsikeni, 3. hill in Griqualand East.
e-nTsonge, 3. tributary of the Mooi River.
e-nTsuze, 3. tributary of the Tukela, in

Zululand.
e-nTulwini, 3. Fort Nottingham.
e-nTumeni, 3. hill and forest near Eshowe.
e-nTweka, 3. Spitz Kop, in the Mgeni di-
vision.

em-Vothi, 5. river in the Mvoti county;

Groutville.
e-m Vukasha, 3. One Tree Hill, in the

Biggarsberg.
e-Vuna,2. tributary of the Isikwebezi.
u-Vundisa, inceka of Shaka at Dukuza.
e-m Vuzane, 5. tributary of the Tukela, in

Zululand.

e-Wombhane, 2. hill near Eshowe.

UrXaba, Bon of Simamana, and father <>f

Madan
e-Xedeni, kraal of Zibebu.
u-Xhabashe, Bon of Mande.
em-Xhakeni, 5. lull near Maritzbui
n-Xhoko, originator of the Biyela clan.
e-Xobho,3. tributary of the Mkomazi; i

po village.
kwa'Xoloxolo,l, mountain in the Drakens-

berg al the source of the Ngwangwane.
e-Xowe,2. Bushman's Neck Pass, in the

Drakensberg.

ema-Yiwane. 2. plur. two adjacent hill*
in the Mahlabatini dist.

u-Zangandaba u-Nqaba. ■ —
VrZanya, son of Lokothwayo.
u-Zibhebhu, son of Mapita, and 2nd. cousin

of Cetshwayo.
u-Zihlandhlo, father of Siyingela, and

former chief of the eMbo clan.
em-Zimkhulu, r>. river in Natal.
em-Zimkhulwana, 5. tributary of tin-

Mzimkulu.
em-Zinto, f>. river in the Alexandra county ;

Mzinto village.
em-Zinyathi, 5. Buffalo River, tributary of

the Tukela; also tributary of the ftfgeni.
u-Zivalela, father of No beta.
iirZiwedu, son of Mpande.
U-Ziwombhe, see Dictionary.
u-Ziyongo, see Dictionary.
em-Zumbhe, 5. river in Alexandra county.
ema-Zungeni, 2. plur. hills near the upper

White Mfolozi.
u-Zwangendaba u-Nqaba.
o-Zwathini (u(lu) Zwathi), Noodsberg.
u-Zwebu, former chief of the Eilon{

tribe.
u-Zwide, son of Langa, and former chief

of the Nxumalo clan.

APPENDIX

CONTAINING

ADDITIONAL WORDS, IMPROVEMENTS,
CORRECTIONS, etc.

A.

is-Aga, n. Add: 'something' (in an inde-
finite sense), as a peculiarity, marked
feature, defect, etc., by which anything
may be distinguished = isi-Ci.

Ex. aku'nyawo lungena'saya, everybody's
foot has some peculiarity of its own.

Ala (Aala),v. Add: [Su. ala, spread out;
Ga. ch-alu, field],

is-Amuyisane, n. Insert: (Paspalum scor-
bieulatum).

is-Anci, n. Delete and substitute: Aard
Wolf (Proteles cristatus).

is-Andela, n. Delete and substitute: Bream
(fish) (N).

is-Andhla, n. Add: [Sak. ntanga, hand].

ulw-Andhle, n. Add: [Za. lu-anda, river;
Ga. nyanja, lake; Kar. nyanza; Cong.
i-anga.

is-Andhlulane,?i. Jumping hare [Su. thlu-
la, jump].

is-Andulela, n. Certain herb.

is-Angci,w. Add: sometimes used for is-
Anci.

is-Ango, n. Add: [Sw. anga, glare].

is-Antiyane or Antunyane (s. t.), n. Certain
sea-fish (N).

iz-Anya, n. Add: [Sw. hay a, modesty].

Azi, v. Add: (Mai. isen, know].

B

u-Baba, n. Add: [Ha. oba, father; Bush.

haho; Wol. baye].
i-mBabala, a. Add: or Tragelaphus sylva-

ttCtC8.

u-Babukeleni (s.k.),n. Shilling (N).
isi-Babule After 'sulphur', add: [Dutch].
i(li)-Bada (Bhada),n. Yellow-breasted Bul-

bul ( Chlorocichla flaviventris ).
isi-Bahlazi, n. Any 'huge' thing, as a

kraal, hut, person or pot.

i(li)-Bakajana (Bhakajana), n. Sharp-eyed,
crafty-looking fellow (N).

isi-Bakabu (Bhakabhu), n. Delete and sub-
stitute: Great wound, whether deep
or broad (C.N.).

i-mBalakacana (Bhalakacana), n. Single
small dropping — see palakaca.

u-Balalinye, n. Certain sea-fish, the 'Sev-
enty-four'. See i(li)-Bando (N).

Baleka (s.k.),v. Add: make the 'sweet-
heart's flight', as below = guqa.

N.B. So soon as a sweetheart is desir-
ous of bringing her love-suit to a head and
of hastening along her marriage, selecting a
companion from among her acquaintances
and without informing her parents, she sur-
reptitiously betakes herself to the kraal of
her lover. There, so soon as possible, a
beast, mostly a heifer (called the eyokume-
inexa), is selected and at once sent to the
girl's father, in charge of an elderly male
friend or relation of the bride-groom, which
person is technically known as the umkwe-
nyana or umloboli. Arrived at the kraal
of the girl's people, and while still standing
out on the veldt, he lustily shouts out to
the kraal inmates, ' Funelani neno, nina bn-
ka'Zungu' (or whatever the proper isibongo
may be) i.e. 'look for her over here, you
of the Zungu clan!' Having delivered his
beast, he hears whatever the father may have
to say as to consent, or payment of lobola.

763 —

The girl remains where she is, in the bride-
groom's kraal, perhaps :i fortnight <>i a
month, and generally until her father 1ms
given a satisfactory answer in her regard
and the people of the prospective bride-
groom have duly accepted it. She then
returns home, accompanied by the bride-
groom's-man orumloboli as above, and bring-
ing with her all or some of her lobola eattle.
The payment of the lobola having at length
been completed, the girl assumes the redden-
ed top-knot, and awaits the final consent
of her father to the celebration of the wed-
ding.

Bamba (Bambha), v. Add: [Son. tarn,
catch; Mai. djabat, take hold].

i-mBambela (Bhambhela), n. Delete and
substitute: Poulpe or octopus (N). Cp.
i-Ngwane.

i(li)-Banda, n. Certain species of lizard.
Cp. i-nTulo.

i(li)-Bando, n. Certain sea-fish, the 'Sev-
enty-four' (= u-Balalinye); also the
'Hottentot', and the 'Soldier' (N).

urn- Bane (Bhane), n. 5. Certain sea-fish
(N) = um-Bwane.

isi-Banga, n. Space i. e. length or breadth
of a section, as between two lines, or
of bead work in a belt (C.N.). Cp. isi-
Gaba.

um-Bangaqwa (Bangaqhwa), n. 5. South-
African Thick-knee or Dikkop ( CEdi-
cnemus capensis).

Bangcuzela (Bhangcuzela), v. Go along
'empty-handed' i.e. without carrying a
stick, as a man ought, etc. = vabazela.

u-Bani,M. Add: [Ha. wa, who?].

i-mBanjane (Bhanjane), n. Certain kind
of long reed-like grass, resembling the
u(lu)Hlonga, but shorter.

um-Bashelana (Bhashelana), n. 5. Very
short, 'stunted' person. See basha.

i(li)-Bata (Batha), n. Insert: [Hi. bat, duck].

i-mBati (Bhati),n. Add: Kind of hard
white sponge-like substance (perhaps
coral or alcyonium) imported by Tongas
as a powerful charm.

N.B. A small quantity of this substance
is burnt on a cinder and the smoke then
blown away in the direction of the person
one wishes to harm. It will reach him, even
though he be a hundred miles distant, ami
will cause the formation of a fatal kind of
'black spots' (? melasma, or purpura) on
the lower limbs.

u-Batini (s. t.), n.
bracteolata).

Certain tree (Trerna

i-mBawula (Bhawtlla), n. Fire-damp, in

coal mines (X).

i(li)-Bayi (Bhayi), „. Kind of cotton blanket,
or loin-covering made therefrom (N. It.
Xo). Cp. u-Gampokwe.

Bayi bayi, ukuti (Bh&yi bh&yi, ukuthi),v.
= bayiza.

i-mBayimbanjane (Bhayimbhanjane), n.
i-m Banjane.

Bayiza (Bhayiza), r. Do anything, look,
speak-, etc., in a Most,' confused, help-
less kind of way, as when attempting
to defend one self but not knowing what
to say, or searching for a lost article
and not knowing where to look for it, etc.

u-Baza, n. Natal sardine, or pilchard (N).

u-Bebezela (Bhebhezela), n. (N) /.•>/-/'.
Icepeke.

i-mBedhle (Bhedhle), n. = vmBedhlane.

u-Bejane (B lie jane), n. Add: certain
fish (Monocanthus setifer. Benn).

Beka (Bheka), v. delete that portion of tin-
explanation referring to the weather.

i(ii)-Beka (s. k.), n. Certain herb.

isi-Baya, n. Delete: seraya, camp, fort.

i(li)-Bekapantsi (Bhekaphantsi), n. Large
fruit-hat = i(U)-Gomunqo.

u-Bek-enyakato (Bhek-enyakatho), it. should
be 1st. class, not 6th.

i(li)-Bekezantsi (Bhekezantsi), n. delete
reference to 'Large bat'— see i(li)-Be-
kapantsi.

ubu-Bekubeku, n. should be (Bhekubheku),
not (Bheknbeku).

i(li)-Bele (Kafir-corn) — Insert : [At. boba,
sorghum].

i-mBelu (Bhelu), n. Saw-fish (X).

u(lu)-Belu (Bhelu), n. Substitute: Afrikan-
der cattle, first captured by Dingana
from Mzilikazi, after the raids of this
latter on the trekking Boers and Sutos
(hence, also called u(lu)-Sutu) in 1SH7.

um-Belume (Bhelume), n. .',. Substitute:
Two varieties of Rock-cod (Epinephelus
lunceolatus and Ep. grammatophorus).
Cp. isi-Dawn.

i-mBengula (Bhengula), n. (N) UrCelemba.

Benisisa (Bhenisisa), r. Look carefully
into; carefully consider, as an affair.

i-mBewu (Bhewu), n. Add: [Mai. biji. seed].

u(lu)-Bezenge (Bhezenge), n. Certain crest-
ed-bird (X).

i-mBTba (Bhiiba), n. Insert: (also some-
times short i).

Bibiya, /•. bibiyela; (X) fish by a drag-
ging or 'gathering' process <<i any kind.

- 764 —

u-Bici (Bhici),n. Insert: in the year 1863.
i(li)-Bicongo (Bhicongo), n. Large bush,
bearing edible berries.

um-Bicongo (Bhicongo), n. (N) = um-Go-
qongo.

um-BTdhli (Bhiidhli), n. 5. Add: —

Phr. nangombidhli ngasala (ox sasala, bn-
sala, etc.,), yes, and even at the umbidhli
time I remained behind — :i common remark
ia Natal, and mostly of females, after a
departing friend has wished one Good-bye
or Sola kahle.

Bihliza, v. Add: [Ibo. bibi, knock to
ruins].

i(li)-Bikili (s.k.),n. Certain sea-fish (N).

i-mBila (Bhila), n. Insert: or Procavia
Capensis.

Bili, adj. Add: [Ha. bin, two; L. M.
buloara; Wir. bula; Kamil. bular; Tur.
biidela; Dip. bular; Tas. pia-wa; Ibo.
abuo; Fanti. ebien; Ef. iba].

i(li)-Bilidokwe (Bhilidokwe),n. Pointer dog
[Eng. big dog].

u(lu)-Bisana, n. Certain small tree, hav-
ing a white bark, and very durable
wood when exposed to the weather.

i(ii)-Bisholo, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

um-Bixi (Bhixi), n. 5. General mixed-up
state or thing, confused mingling
together of things. See ukuti bixilili.

i(li)-Bobo (Bhobho), n. Certain plant, grow-
ing along river-banks.
isi-Bobo (Bhobho), n. Certain sea-fish (N).
u(lu)-Bobo (s.b.),n. = u(lu)-Tatawe.

i-mBodhla (Bhodhla), n. Add: hence,
Wild Cat (Felis Cafra).

i-mBodwane (Bhodwane), n. Bull (fully
grown) of the koodoo. See um-Ganrra;
cp. i(li)-Velisa; um-Shiba.

u(lu)-Bolo (Bholo),n. Add: [Sw. mbo, pe-
nis].

isi-Boma (Bhoma),n. delete (reference to
cattle) and substitute: (N) izi-Boma,
certain beast brought along by the bride's
party, together with the utnbeko, isi-
kumba, udondolo and izimbuzi, and
slaughtered by them on the evening of
their arrival for the wedding at the
bridegroom's kraal and eaten by them
at the isihlahla on the following morn-
ing. Cp. isi-Wukulu.

um-Bombo (Bombho), n. 5. Add: certain
sea-fish, the 'Englishman.'

um-Bomvana, n. 5. Insert before ( Ochna
arbor ea): Redwood or Cape Plane.

i(li)-Bomvwana, n. (N) = isi-Gtve.

um-Bomvwane, n. 5. (N) = um-Bomvana.

Bona, v. Add: [Mpo. pona, see; Wan. na;
Ibo. hn].

Ex. wofik'uti nBani ubonile for uhonile.
kuive), you shall get to say that So-and-so
greets you, sends his regards to you =
ukonxi/e.

isi or um-Bondwe, n. 5. Delete and sub-
stitute: Certain tree in the coast dis-
tricts (C.N.).

ama- Bongo, n. should be (Bhongo), not
( Bongo ).

um or i-mBotwane (Bliothwane).n. 5. Cape
Salmon or Maigre (Scicena aguita.
Lacep.).

i-mBube (Bhube),?i. Insert after 'lion':
(Felis leo).

isi-Bubu (Bhubhu),n. Substitute: Certain
small tree, used for spoon-making.

u-Bububu (Bhubhubhu), n. Certain climb-
ing plant, having a milky sap.
isi-Bubulungwana, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

i(li)-Bucu, n. Certain tree whose bark,
introduced from Tongaland, is used as
an umbulelo, causing swelling of the
body (N).

i(li)-Budhle (Bhudhle), n. read: lcp.isi-Pu-
hla', instead of '= isi-Puhla'.

i(li)-Bukesi (s.k.),n. Hugely fat person.
Cp. i(li)-TubesL

um-Bukwane (Bhukwane), n. 5. Delete and
substitute: Blue Bustard ( Trachelotis
cairulescens ).

Bulala, v. Add: [Mai. bunoh, kill; Ibo.
bu].

i(li)-Bululu (Bliululu),n. Add: Certain sea-
fish (Murcena tessellata) (N).

Buna, v. Insert: [Mai. bunoh, kill].

Bungazela, v. for 'affectation' read 'affec-
tion '.

isi-Bungu, n. Add: certain human intes-
tinal parasite, or small white caterpillar
with a black head, and really the grub
of a certain white-spotted fly ; certain
large maggot inhabiting the flesh of
human beings, giving rise to a kind of
tumour from which it can be squeezed;
sand-worm ; mite, in old amasi gourds.

Bunqu, ukuti (Bhiinqu, ukuthi),v. Come
forth, or rise, in volume, belch forth, as
smoke from a furnace-chimney or cannon
= bunquka; make so to come forth,
belch forth, as smoke (ace.) = bunqukisa.

Bunquka (Bhunquka), v. = ukuti bunqu.

Bunqukisa (Bhunqukisa), v. = ukuti bu-
nqu.

— 765 —

isi-Bunu (Bhunu), n. Boer Dutch, the Taal.
um-Buso, n. 5. Add: might also be used

for 'reign'.
i-mButuma (Bhuthuma), n. Add: (C.N.)

gnu or herd of gnus.
i(li)-Buyelakona (Buyelakhona), n. Certain

sea animal (N).
Buza.v. Insert: [Ibo. dzu, ask].
i-mBuzazana (Bhuzazana), n.=i-mBuzana.
i(li)-Buzi, n. Substitute: Black rat (Mus

rattus).
i-mBuzi (Bhuzi), n. Insert: [Sak. bengi,

goat.

c.

i-nCakalala, n. Expunge. See hlonipa
words.

u-Cakide (Chakide), n. Delete and substi-
tute: Slender mungoose ( Herpes tes gra-
cilis ).

i(li)-Cala, n. Insert: [Skr. papa, sin; Mai.
salah].

u-Cambalala (Cambhalala), n. Certain
spreading grass.

i-nCapa, read (Capha), not {Chap ha).

i-nCape, read (Caphe), not (Chaphe).

i(li)-Cashela, n. Certain sea-fish (Pristi-
poma hasta) (N).

i(li)-Cezwana, n. Certain sea-fish resem-
bling a haddock.

i(li)-Cibo (Chibo),n. Certain tree {Greiuia
sp.) = i(li)-Zingati.

isi-Cintsi (Chintsi), n. Certain sea-animal.

Cishisa, v. (N) = kohlisa.

i(li)-Cita (Chitha), n. Certain herb ( Scilla
Kraussii), used by an umtakati to raise
strife and disruption in a kraal or fa-
mily.

u(lu)-Coko (Choko), n. (N) = u(lu)-Qoko.

isi-Colo (Cholo),n. Add: certain sea-fish
(Pristipoma multimaculatum ).

i-nCombo (Combho),n. Add: tiny light-
yellow bird.

um-Como (Chomo), n. 5. Kind of isi-Ne?ie
with the skin-strips cut after a certain
fashion (N).

i(li)-Copo (Chopho), n. Add: hence also,
corner, as of a handkerchief or similar
cloth article.

isi-Cutamlomo (Ctitha7nlomo),n. Certain
sea-fish (Gerres longirostris) (N).

Cwisha or Cwishisa, v. (N) = cisha and
cishisa.

I).

um-Dabu, n.5. Add:

N. //. The roots of tin- plants are also
mixed with fat 'by those in the know' ami
used for rubbing oa the feet "I :< |">
who wished to cause a dangerout ling

of the lower limb-' in another who may be
travelling behind hint.

i-nDabula-luvalo, n. Certain tree, whose
bark is used for chesl and heart com-
plaints.

i-nDabushe, //. Caracal (N).

i(li)-Dada, n. Substitute: Generic name
fur any bird of the 'duck' kind; in
especially, Black duck (Anas sparsa).
Cp. i(li)-Hoi/e; also (N) i(li)-Cacane

[sec text].

u(lu)-Dakalala (s.k.),u. u(lu)'Duduma.

i(li)-Dakane (s.k),n. Delete and substitute:

= um-Dakane.
um-Dakwa or Dakwa-nezinja (s. k.),n. 5.=
i(li)-Labateka.

i(li)-Dambisa or Dambiso (Dambhiso). n.
Delete and substitute: Certain running
herb (Senecio concolor), used for poul-
ticing.

Dandabuza, v. Alter to: = tandabuza\ <■]>.
shishizela (not = shishimeza).

i-nDawo-lucwata, n. Add: for children's
ailments and also by aba-Ngoma.

isi-Dawu, n. Species of encephalartos < En.
Ghellinckii) (cp. uiu-Sgqabc; i-mFingo);
(N) kind of rock-cod (cp. um-Belunu

De, adj. Insert: [Galla. dera, long].

i-nDebelele, n. Certain kind of fish (N).

isi-Derrezana or Devezana, ;/. isi-Dcuju-

na.
Dhla, v. Insert: [Wan. za, eat; Bush. //'/,

eat].
uku-Dhla, n. Food substitute: uku-Dhla,

(the second u in the prefix is Inn- », ».

Food, etc.
um-Dhlakwe (s.k.),n. ~>. Certain spiny

fish (N).
u(lu)-Dhlangubo, n. Long flowing string "f

beads worn dangling from over the

shoulders.
i-nDhlazi, n. Substitute: South African

Colv (Coitus striatus), whose tail-fea-
thers are used as a head-ornament;

also White-backed Coly (Coitus capen-

sis). Cp. um-Tshivovo.
um-Dhlebe. n. 5. Add: and hark i- used

as an umbulelo, causing swelling of

the limbs.

— 766

Dhledhlezela, v. Insert: jog along.

i-nDhlela, n. Insert: [ Malg. lalana path].

isi-Dhli,/*. (N) = is-Adhla.

isi-Dhlindhli, n. (N) = is-Adhla.

i(li)-Dhliso, n. Any poison for being intro-
duced by the mouth.

um-Dhliwa-ngwenya, n. 5. Certain tree,
whose bark is used as an antidote
against an i(li)-Dhliso.

i(li)-Dhlodhlongwane, u. Nickname given to
the East Coast Natives about the Bluff.

i-nDhlondhlo, n. Delete and substitute:
Very old Black Mamba (see i-Mamba),
now of a dull lustrous blackish colour
and having the shields on the head
grown long and raised so as to resemble
a crest ( see u(lu)-Pape ), very fierce
and venomous.

in-Dhlovudawana, n. Delete (Potamochai-
rus c/xcrop.), and substitute: (Phaco-
ch rents Africanm). Cp. i-nGulube.

i-nDhlu, n. Insert: [Mai. ritmah, house;
Esk. ichdlu, hut].

i(li)-Dhlula, n. Add:

N.B. The bulbous root of the above,
mixed with the soil from a grave and a little
earth from the particular individual's footprint,
is placed by an umtakati on the edge of a
precipice, while he at the same time cries Dklula,
'Bnni (Pass on, So-and-so)! — and So-and-so
immediately proceeds to die!

i-nDhluzele, n. Add: (or Bubalis Lichten-
steini ).

Dibana, v. = xubana (mostly used for
hlonipa purposes— prob. from an obso-
lete verb diba).

um-Didi-ka'Ndhlela, n. 5. see the introduc-
tory Sketch of Zulu History, p. 66*.

i(li)-Dimane, n. Certain bush, used for
sticks = i(li)-Kukuze.

i-nDindibali, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

i(li)-Dingi, n. Lighter, barge (N).

i-nDoda,«. Insert: [Ha. da, son].

u(lu)-Donqabatwa (Donqabathwa),n. De-
lete: ( Chenopodium murale), and sub-
stitute: (Ceratotheca triloba).

Du, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Add: [Ha. da, entire-
ly J-

u-Duba (Dublin), n. Certain love-medicine
IX).

i-nDudumela.w. Read: Certain forest climb-
ing- plan t (= i(li)-Sendelengulube ) ;
Spur-winged Plover ( Hoplopterus spe-
ciosus ) .

um-Dukudu (s./c.),n.o. Certain sea-fish

(Percis nebulosus and Platycephalus
)»alabaricus).

i(IJ)-Duli,w. Add: [Mai. bula, hill].

i(li)-Dulushe, n. Certain disease of dogs (N).

um-Dumba (Dumbha),n. 5. Add: hence,
pod, of any similar kind.

um-Dumbula (Dumbhtda), n. Manioc, plant
or root (N. prob. from East Coast Na-
tives ) .

i-nDuna, n. Insert: [Ma. litunu, captain].

i-nDundulu, n. = i-nTundu.

isi-Dungulu, n. = i-nDungulu.

i-nDwa,w. Substitute: Blue or Stanley
Crane {Tetrapterix paradisea); also
(N) sometimes applied to Wattled Crane
(Bugeranus carunculatus) .

i-nDwangu,?i. Insert: [cp. also i-nTiva-
nkuntwanku ] .

i-nDweba, n. (T) = i-Mfengane.

E.

Elula, v. Add:

N.B. A person suffering from paralysis
of the legs is treated as follows : — a hole
is dug in the ground, a great fire is kindled
inside and, after the ashes have been with-
drawn, the patient enters and is covered up
therein and so allowed to perspire freely for
some time. He comes out cured (more
or less). The whole process is termed ukw-
ehda umuntu (to straighten out a person).
Cp. i(li)-Pungido.

um-Embesa (Embhesa),n.5. Add: 'poison-
ous' before 'roots'.

is-Engama, n. Certain tree, whose bark is

used for the misa (q. v.) of a chief.
is-Esulelo, n. = isi-Sulelo.
is-Esulo, n. = isi-Sulo.
ulw-Ezi, n. Add: certain sea-fish (N).

Fa, v. Insert: [Malg. vono, kill; V. fa, die].

u-Fagolweni, n. = u-Mfagohveni.

um-Fana, n. 1. Insert: [Ha. yaro, boy].

im-Fanzi, n. 5. Read: Prawn or shrimp,
etc. = um-Dambi.

um-Fazi, n. 1. Insert: [Sak. vali, wife;

Bush. cati].
i(li)-Fefe, n. Boiler, of which there are

several varieties ( Coracias garrulus,

etc.).

i(li)-Felakona, read: (Felakhona), not (s. k.).

767 —

T-mFe-yenkala (s.k.),n. Delete and sub-
stitute: (N) = i-niFeyesele.

7-mFe-yenkawu (s. k.), re. Certain epiphytic
orchid, growing in Ngoye Forest, etc.
= um-Zinlcawu.

7-mFe-yesele, n. Delete the reference to
'epiphytic orchid, etc' — see i-mFc-ye-
nkawu.

i-mFezi (Feezi), n. Substitute: Species of
cobra or naia (cp. i(li)-Pimpi) ; a black
ox having white spottings about the
throat (cp. u(lu)-Fukufu).

i-mFingo.w. Substitute: Species of cyca-
dea ( Stangeria paradoxa ), used as an
i-nTelezi and as a personal charm for
rendering harmless and unsuccessful
the machinations of enemies and evil-
doers of whatever kind (cp. um-Ngqa-
be; i-mPundu) ; hence, any medicine
used for such a purpose (see finga);
certain kind of climbing fern ; (N) shark.

i-mFingwane, re. (T) = i-Mfengane.

Finini, ukuti (ukuthi), v. (N) = ukuti mfi-
nini.

Fininiza, v. (N) = mfininiza.

i-mFinyezi, re. Add: (N) = i(li)-Buyela-
kona.

Fisa, v. Insert: [Mai. baso/t, wish].

isi-Fu, n. Add: (N) cuttle-fish = i-Ngwa-
ne; cp. i-mBambela.

i(li)-Fuba, w. Expunge — see i(li)- Vuba.

i(li)-Fubesi, n. Verreaux's Eagle Owl {Bubo
lacteus).

isi-Fuce, n. Add: also similar tree {Rhus
lancea).

u(lu)-Fudu, n. Add to N.B.:— Further, a
mixture of tortoise-flesh, the spine of
imBulu lizard, the brain of an iMamba
and the intestinal worms of a puff-adder,
is used as a powerful i(li)-Dhliso or
poison.

um-Fula, n. 5. Add: [Sw. mvule, large tree,
used for canoe-making].

isi-Fulwane, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

Futa (Futha), v. Insert: [Son. fu, blow
out].

G

i-nGalo, n. Insert: [Esk. taleq, arm].
i(li)-Gamu, n. Insert: [Son. ma, name; Mai.

namd\.
um-Ganrra, n. 5. should follow after urn-

Gano, not after ganzinga.
i(li)-Gazi, n. Insert: [Son. ga, body; Mai.

darah, blood].

isi-Gcamfu, i/. Circlet of beadwork haying
a kind of frilled border and worn on
neck, loins or Bhoulders (N).

i-nGcelemba (Qcelembha), re. (N) m t

Iruilm.

i-nGciciyela, //. read: LnGcebengela, not

i-nFcebengela.
i-nGcindezi, //. (N) i-mBemba.
i-nGebe (Qebhe), ". Trembling fear, a*»

From imminent danger (with na).
Gemenga, r. (N) gemenca.
Gemunca, v. (N) gemenca.
i-nGeqe, n. IUisli from a COW'S tail worn

as a full-dress ornament <>n the armi or

legs. Cp. i(li)-Shoba.

i-nGerre, n. Add: also Short-billed White
Egret ( II. brachyrhyncha ).

i-nGevu (Geevu),n. i-nOwevu.

um-Gexo, n. c>. Substitute: Coil of stringa

(not single string see UnOeji | of
beadwork worn round the neck, wrist,
or body. Cp. um-Gaxo.

i-nGidi, n. Great heavy stone or rock
(nearly obsolete — occurring in the ieir
bongo of Senzangakona).

i-nGila, n. Insert after 'gizzard': also crop.

um-Gobandhlovu, n. 5. Certain shrub, D
as emetic and to vtisa (cj. v.) a chief.

i(li)-Gobe (Gobhe),n. Beer prepared by
both the bride and bridegroom's people
and carried to the kraal of this latter
on the day preceding his wedding to be
drunk at the feast (N).

i(li)-Gobongo, n. Instead of: 'wide-mouthed
calabash, etc.' read: Empty shell of :t
gourd or calabash, whether of a large
or small size ami with or without a
head, but having a large hole or mouth
(anything larger than one's thumb) and
used for water or beer carrying (cp.
isi-Gubu).

i(li)-Goda (Gooda), n. Add:

Phr. iyoda lika'Mpande Bee the intro-
ductory Sketch of Zulu History, p. 'm*.

isi-Godo, n. Add: [Heh. m-goda, tree].

u-Gogo, n. nearly obsolete u-K<>k<> (s. k.).

i-nGola,M. Substitute: Mole-rat f(
rychus Hottentotu8)=imiPukuluti [Heh.
gole, rat].

i(li)-Gomonqo, n. Head : = ifUJ-Bekapantri
(not i(li)-Bekezantsi).

i-nGongoni, n. Coarse long-stalked veldt-
grass {ArisHda .-/'•» irnKonkoni.

isi-Gongoni, u. isi-QopamuH.

i(ii)-Gongosi (with plur.),n. Large black

- 768 —

winged ant, that swarms from the earth

after rain (N).
i(li)-Goqo, n. Add: bull of the koodoo

buck (— i-mBodwane).
i-nGosongoso, n. Kind of flutemouth fish

{Fistularia sp.) (N).
i-nGqaba, n. read: (N.) = i-nCweba (not

i-nCfgalaba ).
u-Gqaba-maweni (Gqabka-maweni), n.

Species of bignonia creeper (N).

i-nGqapunana ( Gqaphunana), n. Add:
small bush (Sculia Commersoni), used
for making a dog 'sharp' at the chase.

i-nGqaqabulani,«. Substitute : Certain
creeper covered with small and very
sharp thorns (Smilax Kraussiana),
growing in the woods (= i(li)-Yala).

i-nGqayingqayi, n. not i-Gqayingqayi.

um-Gqob\ya(Gqobhiya),n. 5. Read: Fourth
(not fifth) milking.

i-nGqobo (Gqobho),n. Read: = u-Moho
(not um-Moro).

i-nGqokolo (s. Jc.), n. Stout piece of fire-
wood, as the thicker branches of a tree
when dry; (N) also — i-nQushumbana.

um-Gqovu, n. 5. Person with a fine, tall,
handsome body (not muscularly fine as
the i-Jaha).

Gqumisa, v. Soak amabele (ace.) that is
weevil-eaten or on any other account
will not sprout, then leaving it to mould
(not drying it) for future use in beer-
making.

i-nGqumu, n. Certain mactra-like sea-shell.

i(li)-Gqumusha, n. Substitute: Name applied
to several birds — the Black-headed
Oriole (= u(lu)-Hlaza, um-Goqongo),
the Ruddy-breasted Bush Shrike, and
the Large Puff-backed Bush Shrike ( =
i(li)-Boboni).

i-nGqungqulu, n. Substitute: Bateleur's or
the Tumbler Eagle (Helotarsus ecau-
datus) = (N) i-nDhlazanyoni.

imi-Gqunqa (no sing.), u. Kafir-corn
treated as above — see gqumisa.

i-nGqwangane, n. Insert after 'bush':
( Celastrus buxifolius).

i-nGubo, n. Insert: [Ha. tufa, clothing;
Bar. bongo, garment].

isi-Gubu (Gubhu), n. Instead of: 'Gourd
or-calabash, etc' read: Empty shell of
a gourd or calabash, whether of a large
or small size, but having a small hole
or mouth (not larger than one's thumb)
and used as water or beer-vessel (cp.
i(li)-Gobongo ).

u(lu)-Gubu (Gubhu), n. Certain small bird
of the woods.

i-nGudhlu, n. Kind of sole (Pseudorhombus
Rmsellii) (N),

um-Gudhlula, n. 5. (N) = u-Ngulazibuya.

um-Gugwane, n. 5. = u-Fukwe.

i(li)-Gula-lomntwana, n. = isi-Pikeleli.

i-nGula-mlomo, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

i-nGulube, n. Insert after 'wild': (Pota-
mochaerus chair op otamus); also [Sin.
ura, pig; Mai. babi],

i(li)-Gulugulu, n. Dull bluish-green fruit
of the following, sometimes eaten (cp.
i(li)-Hlala); hence, a large bleared
green-looking eye-ball.

um-Gulugulu, n. 5. Insert: Certain tree
(Strychnos Mackenii), bearing a large
fruit resembling the i(li)-Hlala: hence,
certain dull bluish-green large kind of
bead, etc.; delete reference to 'eyes.'-
see above.

um-Gulugunqe, n. 5. (N) = um-Gulugulu.

um-Guluguza, n. 5. Delete and substitute:
(N) = um-Gulugulu.

i-nGumbane, n. Add after 'disease': prob.
ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda.

i(li)-Gundane, n. Insert after 'kind': except
the i-Ngoso and i-nGola.

i(li)-Gundwane, n. (N) = i(li)-Gundane.

um-Gunuguza, n. 5. (N) = um-Gulugulu.

um-Gunya, n. 5. Certain herb — see i(U)-
Pungulo.

u(lu)-Gwaba (Gwabha),n. Certain climb-
ing plant, eaten as imifino.

isi-Gwaca, n. Substitute: Common quail
(Coturnix capensis); also applied to the
Harlequin quail.

i(ii)-Gwalagwala, n. Add: also Purple-
crested Loury ( Gallirex porphyreo-
lophus).

i-nGwane, n. Delete and substitute: Cuttle-
fish = isi-Fu. Cp. i-mBambela.

i-nGwangwa, n. Common spreo or Cape
starling {Spreo bicolor).

i-nGwavuma, n. Certain tree, growing in
the Tonga country, whose bark is used
for u-Jovela and isi-Lumo.

um or i-nGwawu, n. 5. Certain reddish-
colored fish (N).

u-Gwayi, n. Add: certain sea-fish (Holo-
canthus alternans ).

i-nGwe, n. Insert after 'leopard': (Felis
pardus).

isi-Gwe, n. Insert after 'finch': the
Bishop-bird {Pyromelana oryx).

769

i-nGwenya, n. Insert: [Mai. hun.ya, croco-
dile].

i-nGweyeduli, >/.. (N) = i-nTshindane.

um-Gwinya, n. 5. Large tree, bearing a

fruit resembling the i(li)-Viyo.
um-Gxamu, n. 5. Insert, after 'mimosa':

the Boer Bean tree (Schotia latifolia

or brachypetala).

H.

ubu-Halaoi- Hale, n. Delete and substitute:
Banded mungoose (Crossarchus fascia'
tics) == ubu-Haye.

Halahala, int. Add: sometimes equivalent
to 'hurrah, bravo' — see i(li)-Shoba\ and
instead of 'address of an induna, etc'
substitute: 'address of Shaka t<> his
warriors before a battle with the Ndwa-
ndvves'.

Hamba (Hambha), v. Insert: [Mai. mbran,
go; Bui. f/be].

u-Hambangana (Hambhangana), n. A

'rough', uncouth-mannered low-class

person.
Hame, int. (N) = mame.
ubu-Haye, n. = ubu-Hale.

um-Hayihayi (Hhayihkayi), n. 5. Kind of
milkwood tree (Mimusops s/).) — um-
Yagayi; cp. um-Nweba; ama-S'etole.

isi-Hlabati (Hlabathi), n. Alter to: an
ibuto lezinfombi named by Dingana
just previous to his overthrow by Mpa-
nde, under whom they grew up and
married [Mai. dag at, sand].

um-Hlabati (Hlabathi), n. 5. Insert: [Skr.
bhutala, earth].

isi-Hlahla (Hlaahla),n. (N) = i-?iTlahla.

um-Hlahle, n. 5. Add: also (N) certain tree
{Mimusops sp.), resembling the um-
Nweba.

um-Hlahlemangcwibi, n. 5. (N) = um-Hla-
hle (tree).

isi-Hlakoti (Hlakothi),n. Add: also similar
tree (Rhus laevigata).

Hlala, v. Insert: [Mai. taroh, place].

um-Hlalamakwabe (Hlalamakhwabe), n. 5.
(N) = um-Hlalamahwaba.

isi-Hlalamangcwibi, n. (N) = um-Hlahle
( tree ).

Hlambuluka (Hlambhuluka), v. Add:

Phr. uku-hlambtduka esistoini, to U>- relaxed
in the bowels, have diarrhoea I used in pert'. |.
Cp. huda.

u(lu)-Hlamvu, n. should be without long a.

um-Hlange, ,i. ■',. fellow-striped rockn

(Aulacocephalus temmxnekti. Bit

Cp. um-Belume.
isi-Hlangozi, //. Kind of night ha1

fowl- (N).
isi-Hlangu, //. A<hl ■ 1 lartlaul.'s Cucll

Shrike (Campophaga Hartlaubi
um-Hlangwe, n. .'>. Insert after 'anaki

( Simocephalus cap<
ama-Hlanzo (no I, ". ( N't

i(ii)-Hlati (Hlathi), n. Insert: [Mai. «'

forest].

u(lu)-Hlaza, //. A<hi regarding 'bird': also
by others Black-headed < )noh
I a rent us i(U)-< /'/" in us tin, um-Ooqongo).
Golden Oriole [Or. galbula), Natal
Bush Shrike (Laniartus quadricolor),
and Yellow-fronted Bush Shrike.

u(lu)-Hlaza-lwesiwa, //. DeleU "ml sul
tuff: Bacbakiri Bush shrike i Laniar-
ins bakbakiri).

u(l u)-H I azazana, n. Collared Bunbird

( Ci miyris Afrit ).

isi-Hlazi (Hlaasfi), n. DeleU and substi-
tute: Certain herb, whose r>"its are u-'-d
as an emetic by abaNgoma, and also in
coast malarial districts as a valuable
remedy for fever; hence, any of the
emetics used by abaNgoma during their
process of initiation, etc.

Hlazulula, v. Read: cp. xazulula (not
xazulula).

isi-Hleke (s.k.),n. S| ies of cephalopod,

resembling the i-mBambela (N).

i(li)-H lengetwa (Hlengethica), n. A<1>/:
used medicinally for spinal di-

um-Hlezane, n. 5. Certain bush [Ochna

arborea > (N) = um-Bomvane.
um-Hlobo (Hloobo),n.5. Add: [V. /><>.

friend].
um-Hlohlongwane, should be um-Hlohlolo-

ngwane.
i(li)-Hlokolo (s.k.).n. Grunter, Bea-fish

( Pristipoma operculare), also i / •

inn multimaculatum
um-Hlokoshane (s.k.),n,5. i-nTlo-

koshane.
isi-Hlonono, n. Delete reference to "

cricket ' and substitute: Tree-locu
um-Hlonono, ». .">. Certain s. a-fish (N).
um-Hlontlo, ». .',. Add after 'cancer':

for lung-sickness in cattle, and by aba-

takati as an umbulelo.
um-Hloshazana, n. 6. Add: certain plant

(Schmidelia melanocarpa >•

19

770 —

isi-Hlubu, n. Delete and substitute: Red
rock-cod (X). Cp. um-Beltime.

um-Hluhlube, n. 5. Spur, of a cock (N) =
um-ffiuhluwe.

isi-Hlungu, n. Add: kind of rock-cod (N).

isi-Hlute ( Hint he), n. (N) = isi-Fuce.

um-Hlwazi, u. 5. Insert after 'snake':
( ? Fhilotamnus semivariegatus).

i(li)-Hoya (Hhoya), n. correct the h = i(li)-
Titihoya.

u(lu)-Hududu, n. Add: any 'dirty old'
garment (generally), as a worthless
ragged blanket, or a woman's old worn-
out isidwaba.

isi-Huhwa, n. Substitute: Crowned Hawk-
eagle (Spizaetus coronatus), also Martial
Hawk-eagle (Sp. bellicosus).

isi-Hulane, n. = i(li)-Huzu; 'slang' or
town-Kafir language (N).

i(li)-Hungcu, n. Blue fish (N).

i-nJa, n. Insert: [Mai. andjin, dog].
ubu-Nja, read: ubu-nJa.
um-Jebelengu, n. 5. Certain bird (N).
um-Jekejeke (s.k.),n. 5. Corn-crake (N).
um-Jelengi, n. 5. (N) = um-Jeninengu.
i-nJemane, n. = u(lu)-Mpe.
um-Jeninengu, n. 5. Trogon (Hapaloder-
m n narina).

i-nJi'kinjiki (s.k.),?i. => um-Tondo (for
which it is a vulgar term, mostty used
by females).

i(li)-Jingela, n. Whiting (sea-fish) (N).

i-nJomane, n. Add after 'Zululand': and
-o-called probably from the resemblance
of the long flying tail of the horse to
the plumes of the Kafir-finch or u-Jo-
mela — the root join apparently suggest-
ing the thought.

i-nJomela, read: i-nJojomela, not i-nJo-
njomela.

i(!i)-Juba, n. read: Ga. j-iba, pigeon (not

d iba).
i(li)-Jubane, n. Add: sometimes used in

plur. ama-Jubane, as below.
Ex. idni-pikisana ngamajubane, to contend

with one another as to speeds, i.e. have a race.

i-nJumbane (Jumbhane),n. Add: Certain
pod-bearing tree growing about Tonga-
land, used as a charm for poisoning.

K

Kafuza (Khafuza),v. instead of: 'in volume'
read: 'in puffs or jets.'

i-nKambapantsi (Kambhaphantsi),n. De-
lete: (Anguis fragilis); add: (N) also
applied to eel (Trichiurus haumela.
Forsk.).

i(li)-Kanka (Khanka),n. Delete and sub-
stitute: Black-backed jackal (Canis me-
somelas) and Side-striped jackal (Canis
adustus).

i-nKanku (s.k.),n. Add: also Black and
White Cuckoo (Coccystes Jacobinus).

isi-Kanya-matumbu (Khanya-mathumbhu).
n. Natal mackerel (Chirocentrus dorab.
Forsk.) (N).

isi-Kati (Khathi),n. Insert: [Mai. kala,
time].

i-nKawu (s.k.),n. Add: also certain fish
(Antennareus permiceps. C.V.) (N).

i-nKaye (s.k.),n. Natal eel (N). Cp. urn-
Bokivane.

i(li)-Kehlane (Khehlane),n. Certain small
tree.

i-nKehli (s.k.),n. Add: also certain tree
(Afzelia cuanzensis), having a plum-like
fruit.

Kikilizela (s.k.),v. read Kikizela (s.k.).

isi-Kobo (Khobo),n. Certain sea-fish (N).

Kobonga (Khobonga),v. remove the marks
of parenthesis in the last line.

i-nKohlo (s.k.),n. Add: King-fish (N).

um-Kokoba(Khokhoba),n.5. Sand fish (N).

i(li)-Kokofumba (Khokhofumbha),n. Certain
sea-fish (Sargus durbanensis) (N).

u-Kokologo, n. Read: = u-Kulukulwane
(not u(lu)-Kulukulwane).

i(li)-Kokoti (Khokhothi), n. Insert after
' snake ' : ( Thelotornis Kirtlandii ).

Kolo (Kholo), adj. Of a speckled or mot-
tled colour i. e. covered with small black
and brown and grey spottings, as the
hide of a cow — the exact colour denoted
by this word is much disputed (N).

u-Kolo (Kholo), n. Delete and substitute:
Yellow-billed Kite (Milvus JEgyptius),
of a yellowish-brown colour throughout
= u-Ntloyile.

i(li)-Kolo (Kholo), n. Ox marked as above
— see kolo (N).

i(li)-Kolwa (Kholwa),n. Add: (N) also =
i(li)-Kolo.

i-nKolongwane (s.k.),n. Large antelope,
perhaps Sable Antelope (Hippotragus
niger), or Hartebeeste (Bubalis Liehten-
steini ).

um-Kolwane (Kholwane), n. 5. Insert: 'or
Crowned', after 'Red-billed'.

— 771

um-Kombe (Khombhe), n. 5. read : Or. hum-
bos, hollow (not 'Ga').

Komkulu (Komkhulu),n. Add: [Nya. kwi-
kuru, great place or residence of the
king].

i-nKonde (s.k.),n. Delete and substitute:
(N) = um-Xwagele.

isl-Konko (Khonko),n. Insert alter 'grass':
(Digitaria eriantha).

i-nKonkoni (s.k.),n. Add: also coarse long-
stalked veldt-grass (Aristida sp. = i-
nOongoni).

i(li)-Konyana (Khonyana), n. Certain sea-
fish (Dinoperca Queketti).

i-nKopoli (Kopholi),n. Shaft, of a mine
(N) [? Eng.]

i-nKota (Kotha),n. Add: also Little Bee-
eater (Milittophagus meridionalis) and
the Green Bee-eater (Merops persicus).

u-Kotetsheni (Khothetsheni),n. Add: also
(N) certain sea-animal.

isi-Koti (s.k.;s.t.),n. Sunken or hole-like
scar, as where a bullet-wound has healed,
or on a pumpkin.

isi-Kova (Khova),n. Delete and substitute-
Generic name for owl; (in a particular
sense) Cape Eagle-owl (Bubo capensis).
Cp. u-Mandubulu; i-nKovana; i(li)-Fu-
besi; u- Mab eng wane.

isi-Kovampondo (Khovampo?ido),n. (N) =
isi-Kova (Cape Eagle Owl).

i-nKovanafs. k.), n. Any small owl; hence,
Barn Owl (Strix flammea), Short-eared
Owl, etc.

u(lu)-Kozi (Khozi),n. read: (Aquila Ver-
reauxi), instead of: (Aquila Verrauxi);
add: also applied to Black-breasted
Harrier Eagle ( Circmtus pectoralis ),
Banded Gymnogene (Polyborides typi-
cus), and sometimes to the Martial
Hawk Eagle ( Spizaetus bellicosiis — see
isi-Huhwa ).

u m - Ku h I u (Khuhlu), n. 6. After ' emetica ',
insert: ' or Dregeana ' ; and after 'seeds',
add: and whose poisonous roots are
used medicinally.

i-nKuku (s.k.),n. Insert: [L. Cong, nsusu,
hen],

i(li)-Kukuze (Khukhuze), n. = i(li)-Dimane.

um-Kukuze (Khukhuze), n. 5. Certain tree
( Cassine capensis ).

isi-Kukuku (Khukhukhu), n. Instead of:
'echinus or sea-urchin (= ameva olirn-
ndhle)', read: certain sea-animals or
fish (Tetrodon inermis, T. stellatus, and
Ostracion cubicus ).

um-Kulukulwane (Khulukhulwa „, i. n. f. (N)

= UrKulukulwaru .
i(l i)- Kumalo (Khumalo),n. Add and wl

bark i.-^ used for UrJovt in.

i-nKumankenke (s. k.). ,,. .[,1,1 [8w.
vagina}.

isi-Kumba (Khumbha), n. instead of : ' =
um-Beko', read: (N) beast Ben1 al<
wiili a bride's party by ber father ana
together with the umBeko, uDond
ieiBoma and istimBuzi on the -lav <>f
her going off to be married, and
slaughtered in the bridegroom's kraal
on tlir day following thai of the weddi
dance (cp. um-Qoliso; irMpempe)\ also
instead <>f: '[Sw. sku, cover]', read:
'[Ski-, sku, cover 1 '.

um-Kumbe (Khumbhe), n. 6. insert: l
phalophus Natalensis >.

um-Kumulantsika (Khumulantsika), >
(N) = um-Kumuladolo.

i(li)-Kunata (Khunatha), "■ Trumpeter
hornbill (Bycanistes buccinator). Cp.
um-Kolwane.

u(lu)-Kuni-ng'omile (Khuni-ng omile), ».
Certain sea-animal (N).

i-nKunzana (s. k.), n. Delete: Certain bush,
bearing red flowers — see ifli)-Nku
na; add ln-fore 'small': '(N); also (N)
gurnard, sea-fish (Trigla kumu)'.

um-Kuwe (Khuwe), n. 5. (X) utm-Kiwa-

ne.
i-nKuyeyane (s. k.), n. Certain Bea-fish

(Lepidopus caudatus. Euph,) (N).

i-nKwali (s. k.), n. Add: also Grey-win
Partridge (Francolimts African*

isi-Kwali (Khwali), n. Certain river-fish
(Tilapia natalensis) (N).

i(li)-Kwani (Khtoani), ». Instead of: 'bul-
rush', read: 'rush (Cyperus sp.)'

isi-Kwantsese (Khwantsese), n. Certain Bea-
Bsh (X).

u(lu)-Kwatu (Khwathu), n. Add: [ Sw.
lewata, hoof].

isi-Kwehle (Khwehle), >>. Add: siao Bmith's
Partridge.

isi-Kwenene (Khwenene), n. Le Vaillant's
Parrol (Pceocephalus robustus).

i(li)-Labateka (Labatheka), n. Certain plant.
growing in the woods, ami whose very
poisonous bulbous rool is said to cs
insanity and is al><> put in feed t" kill
vermin (X) umrDakwa.

772

um-Lahleni, n. 5. Certain tree, whose bark,
mixed with urine, is smeared round the
belly by an umtakati, who thereupon
proceeds to any gathering of people
where all who may come in contact with
him will be caused to suffer from strict-
ure (N).

i(li)-Landa, n. Delete and substitute: Little
Egret (Herod ins garzetta), and also
Great White Heron {Her. alba). Cp.
i-nGerre.

i(li)-Langa, n. Delete: [Skr. laghn, light];
insert-. [L. Cong, tangiva, sun].

u-Lantunta (s.f.), n. (N) = isi-Shimeyana.

isi-Lembe (Lembhe), n. Certain sea-fish
( Gazza equulwformis and Psettus fal-
ciform is. Lacep.) (N).

i(li)-Leti (Lethi), n. Small tree, whose bark
is used as an emetic, and for smelling
for headache (N).

i(li)-Liba, n. Insert: [Ga. m-lamba, corpse].

um-Lolwa, n. 5. Certain tree (Dombeya
rot audi folia); also another similar tree
(Hibiscus tiliaceus) (N).

um-Lonjana, n. 5. Add: [MZT. mu-longa,
river; Chw. mo-latshivana, small river].

i(li)-Lovwane, n. Certain sea-fish, the 'Five-
fingers' (Caranx djeddaba. Forsk.).

isi-Lumo, fourth line should be 'disease
of both sexes', not 'of men'.

um-Lunge, n. ■'>. instead of: 'gladiolus', read :
iridaceous plant (Antholyzapanictdata),
whose bulbous root is a valuable remedy
for dysentery and diarrhoea.

um-Lwalume, n. 5. Certain tree, used as
the i-nOwavuma.

M

u-Mabebane (Mabhebhane), n. (N) = isi-

Pekepeke.
u-Mabilwana, n. Add: Bar-throated War-

bler {Apalis thoradca) (N).
u-Mabobe, n. Add after 'grass': {Andro-

pogon cymbarius) = um-Wamba.
u-Mabope (Mabophe),n. Alter to: Small

tree {Acridocarpus Natalitius); also

another tree (Cassine albanensis).

u-Mabukula or Mabukule (s. k. — gen. in
]>\\\v.),n. Read: cp. izi-mPengti (not =
iii- m I'engu).

u-Madhlozana, n. Certain tree (Turroza
heterophylla); also = u-Bububu.

u-Madulini, n. Certain small bird, often
seen perching on ant-heaps (N).

u-Magcagcana, n. String of small bead-

work squares, worn on the neck, head,
etc. (N).

u-Magwanyana, n. Certain herb. See i(li)-

Pungulo.
u-Mahlenevu, n. Man with long flowing

beard (N) — u-Celemba.

u-Makanda-ka'Ntsele (Makhandaka Ntselc),
n. Certain veldt-plant (Eucomis undu-
lata), whose large bulb is a remedy for
u(lu)-Jovela.

i-Mamba (Mambha), n. Delete and sub-
stitute: Generic name for several varie-
ties of a kind of colubrine snake of si-
milar form and habits, having long
slender bodies thicker towards the middle
part, the spine slightly prominent, long
thin prehensile tails, small clearly cut
neck, small heads of a longish narrow
shape, eyes unusually large and protrud-
ing, all occasionally climbing trees, fond
of dung, and venomous [Mpo. o-mamba,
snake; Sw. Bo. Heh. mamba, croco-
dile ; Ga. sarambwa, black and white
snake; Xo. i-mamba, python; Su. ma-
mpharoane, lizard].

Phr. imamba yequbtda (ox yesiqunga), a
mamba of the old graas (or of the tambootie-
grass), which is supposed to be fiercer than
those met elsewhere (perhaps from its young
being in such places).

N.B. The various kinds of imamba as
commonly known in Zululand, though in
some points the explanations are conflicting,
are as follows: —

1. emnyama, also called i-Mambalukoto
(Dendrasjyis angusticeps), colour black, belly
white, favourite habitat rocky and bushy
places, gen. up to about ten feet in length,
and fatally poisonous, death occurring within
from two to twenty-four hours.

2. i-nDhlondhlo, or crested-mamba, which
is a very old Black Mamba (emnyama), of
a dull lustrous blackish colour, and having
the scales or shields on the head grown
long and raised so as to present the appear-
ance of a crest (see u(lu)-Pape) living in
unfrequented bushy and rocky places, of the
same size as the preceding, and equally as
venomous, rarely seen, though of a very
aggressive nature and much dreaded.

3. empofu, of a lightish dirty-brown colour,
slightly yellowish about the belly, not so
fierce nor yet so fatally poisonous as both
the preceding, being supposed, by the Natives,
to be in an intermediary stage of develop-
ment between that of the emnyama and
the i-nDhlondldo. It is frequent about watery
places, 'because when struck, it makes at
once for the water. '

4. e'hddaza ewe, also called i-Mambaluti,

773

of about the same length as the emnyama,
colour bright unmarked green throughout
the whole length of upper-body, belly elear
white, much given to climbing trees in
bushy-country, and in the grass to standing
highly erect 'so as to appear like a stick-'
(whence the second name), rare, and as
fatally poisonous as the emnyama] said by
some Natives to be of a dark colour when
young, assuming the green colour only
when about three feet in length.

5. e'iuklaxa enamaxinga for eqopile), of a
green colour, having black stripes running
round the sides of the body following the
ribs, but somewhat hidden on the back when
the green assumes a darker shade; it is of
a much smaller size than the preceding,
being seldom more than four or five feet
long. Though apparently in reality it does
not, as all the preceding, belong to the Den-
draspis family, being technically called a
'green tree-snake' ( Dispholidus |, nevertheless,
from the anatomical similarity to them, the
Natives class it with the mambas. Its fe-
male is of a brown colour.

u-Mamhlangeni,w. Certain bird of prey,

perhaps South-African Marsh Harrier

(Circus ranivorus) (N).
u-Mananda, u. Natal Chat Thrush (Cossy-

pha Natalensis) ; also Natal Mocking-bird

(Cossypha bieolor) (N).
u-Manaye,«. Certain tree, whose bark is

used to misa (q. v.) a chief (N).
u-Mandubuli or Mandubulu, n. Delete and

substitute: Large kind of owl, prob.

Spotted Eagle Owl (Bubo maculosus).

u-Mangobe, n. See Proper Names.

u-Mankunkunku (s.k.),n. Delete and sub-
stitute: Certain tree, wdiose bark, intro-
duced from Tongaland, is placed by an
umtahati in the quill of a crow, which
be then sets up in the footprint of his
victim, in whom it will cause a 'fatal
swelling of the body'; such disease
itself; another parasitical plant (Cuscuta
eassythioides), perhaps also supposed
to cause the disease.

u-Manqina, n. Delete and substitute: (N)
= um-Zungulu.

u-Mantunta (s.L), n. (N) = isi-Sliimcyana.

u-Manyongana, n. Certain disease (swine
fever) of the spine and hinderquarters
in pigs.

u-Mapili (Maphili), n. Yellow-breasted
Bulbul (Chlorociehla flaviventris) ; also
Sombre Bulbul.

u-Maqunda, n. Certain tree, wdiose bark
is used against lightning.

u-Ma-sengakot'idolo {)!,, ikhoth'ido-

/<>),//. African Jacana ( Phyllop Ifri-

eanus ).

u-Masika (s. k.), n. Certain small bosh
bird (N).

u-Masikwe (s. k.),n. Certain bird, resem-
bling a snipe (N).

isi-Mata, //. (N) isi-Mwata.

u-Matebeni (Mathebeni), n, Subatitu
South-African Kestrel < ( '< rchi tvi-

cola ); also applied to the Pallid Harrier
(Cirrus macrurus) li-Zasengu

u-Matimula (Mathimula), n. Certain

fish (N).
u-Mavuta (Mavutha), n. Certain forest tree,

whose reddish wood makes good firewood.

u-Mayihlwayele, n. Certain bird of prey,
perhaps African Buzzard Eagle (.1 ■////•-
inula monogranimica) u-E

u-Mayime, n. Add: also as isi-Hlamb

to facilitate parturition.
u-Mazingeli, ». (N) i-mPica.

u-Mazwenda, //. Read: 'cp. um-Zungulu't
instead of '= um-Zungulu'.

um-Mba-matsheni (Mbha-matsheni), n. Cer-
tain bush, growing in rocky places.

u-Mbayiyana (Mbhayiyana), n. Delete and
substitute: Bitter coldness (oi the atmos-
phere), as on a frosty winter's morning.
Cp. u(lu)-Gwele.

Mbi (Mbhi), adj. Substitute: bi, thus
sometimes mambi, kumbi, limbi, el

isi-Mema, ;/. Add: also Silver Salmon (N).

u-Mhlopekazi (Mhlophekazi), //. !.•
Puff-backed Bush Shrike ( Dryoscopus
cubla) (N).

i-Mfonyomfonyo, n. 3. not i(li)-Mfonyomfo-
nyo, >i. 2., as in text.

um-Mnyama, ». ;T. A reddening or dark-
ening of the skin, appearing in '
streaks or patches on the breasts, i
etc., generally about the time of attain
to puberty.

um-Mnyamana, n. 5. Black bream (N).

u-Mombo (Moombho), n. 5. instead of
Mombo, as in text.

Monyuka (s. /,:), r. ukuti monyu I

text ).

Monyula, /•. ukuti monyu i- )•

u-Moyaqongo, n. ■',. (N) um-Ooqongo.

u-Moya-wovungu, n. /. Certain tree, wl
barb is used for heart-disease.

i-Mpalampala (s.p.),n.3. Bi protruding
bells , as from pregnancy or abnormal
stoutness.

- 774 -

u-Mpandu (s.p.),n. should follow Mpamu-
za, not isi-Mpantsholo.

u(lu)-Mpe (s.p.),n. Add: [Sw. tembo, palm-
wine].

u-Mpetwane (Mpethwane), n. Add:

Phr. (ikekeba) elika'mpetwane, the last-
made, still soft part of a honeycomb.

i-Mpofazana (s.p.), n. 3. — see i-viPofaza-
nu.

i-Mpofu (s.p.), n.S. Insert after 'eland':
(Oreas canna).

u-Mpondonde (s. p.),n. 1. Substitute: Spe-
cies of aloe, used to misa ( q. v. ) a chief,
though said to cause disease in a kraal
if growing near it; also sometimes ap-
plied to Afrikander cattle.

isi-Mwamwa, n. Silly, grinning person,
or fool (N).

isi-Mwata (Mivatha), n. Certain sea-fish
(X).

Mzukulwana (s.k.),adv. = mhla.

N

isi-Nama, n. Substitute after 'grass':
(Setaria verticillata), not {Panicum
vcrticillatum).

um-Nama, n. 5. Add: also used by young-
men as a charm to make their sweethearts
firm.

i(li)-Namfu, n. Nave of wagon-wheel [Eng].

Nangu, demon, pron. Add:

Ex. 'we! 'Mali!' 'heigh! Mali!' 'Nangu."
'here I am!' (or 'Nangu uMali!' 'here is
Mali!').

um-Nanja, n. 5. Add: (Phytolacca stricta),
and whose poisonous roots are used for
lungsickness and snakebite.

i-Nanzi,w. Read: third stomach, not fourth
stomach. See u(lu)-Twane.

umu-Nca, n. 5. Certain wasting disease of
cattle in the coast malarial districts.
Cp. u(lu)-Xakane.

isi-NdYyandiya, w. Instead of: certain plants,
read: certain forest tree on the coast
(Bersama lucens) having an exceed-
ingly hard bark and used medicinally
Eor the isi-Lumo disease, also eaten by a
man, etc. ; an herbaceous plant (Spermaco-
ce Natalensis), used in a similar way.

um-Ndweza, n. 5. Omit sign: '(N)'.

i-Nevu, n. 3. Add: (N) certain sea-animal

(»r fish.
i-Ngcangiyana (with plur.),n. Delete and

substitute: (C.N.) nut or underground

berry of the isi-Tate or isi-Nungu herb.
Cp. u-Nomngcangiyana.

i-Ngoso, n. 3. Add: any 'mousy' smell,
such as some Natives are supposed to
have.

Ex. unengoso, he has a mice-like bo-
dy-smell.

um-Ngqabe, n. 5. Add: (N) White-flanked
Fly-catcher (Batis molito?'), also Cape
Fly -catcher (Batis capensis) .

i-Ngungumbane (Ngungumbhane), n. 3.
Insert: (Hystrix Afrai-Australis), and
add: (N) certain sea-fish (Diodon spi-
7iosissimus Cuv.).

i-Ngwangwa, n. 3. — see i-nOwangwa.

um-Nikamb7ba (Nikambhiiba) ,n. 5. (N) =
um-Nukambiba

u-Nkonka (s. k.), n. Delete and substitute:
Bull (fully grown) of the bush-buck or
i-mBabala — the latter being the proper
name of the species, both male and female
sexes, the former being used merely as
a nickname (= um-Shiba; cp. i-mBo-
dwane; i(li)-Velisa), although in Natal
it is used as the actual and only name
for the animal.

u-Nku!unkulwane (s.k.),n. (N) = u-Kulu-
kulwane.

i(ii)-Nkunzana (s. k.), n. Certain bush, bear-
ing red edible flowers.

u-Nobadu (Nobhadu),n. Read in Ex.: sa-
pika ngonyawo, instead of: sapika no-
nyawo.

u-Nobatekeli (Nobathekeli), n. = u-Mabe-
ngwane.

u-Nobiya, n. (N) = i(li)-Pimpi.

u-Nogwaja, n. Insert: after 'hare': (Lepus
saxatilis).

u-Nogwa!etiko, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

u-Nomacaceni, n. Delete and substitute:
Name of several similar fish — Black-
spotted rock-cod, the Fireman, the Devil
fish, the Black fish, etc. (N).

u-Nomngcangiyana, n. Read:— wn-Swempe.

u-Nondhlande, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

u-Nondwayimbane (Nondwayimbhane —
with plur.),w. Sugar ant, a large brown
species very fond of sugar (N).

u-Nondwayiza, n. Certain bird.

u-Nonkumeyana (s.k.),n. Certain sea-fish
(N).

u-Nonombi (Nonombhi),n. Certain sea-
fish (N).

u-Nonqamunqamana, n. (N) =i(li)-Gcuma.

u-Nonyongwe, n. Certain sea-animal or fish
(N).

775 -

u-Noswiswi, n. (N) = uhv-Eswiswi.

u-Nota (Notha),n. Read: = u-Ngqaqa, in-
stead of : = u-Nqaqa.

i-Nqala, n. 3. Add: also certain herb,
used for poulticing.

isi-Nqawunqawu, n. Delete and substitute:
Any 'stinging' tiling i.e. causing a burn-
ing irritation of the skin, as a nettle,
some ants, or blistering medicines;
hence, a sharp-tempered, immediately
irritated person, not to be touched
— isi-Nqanqa.

Nqawuza, v. Sting or cause prickly, burn-
ing irritation of the skin, as a nettle,
certain ants, or blistering medicines;
show a sharp inflammable temper, fly
immediately into an angry passion, as
some very short-tempered persons who
are not to be touched ■= nqanqaza.

i(li)-Nqe, n. Add: also applied to the
Southern Lammergeyer ( Gypaetus ossi-
fragus ).

um-Nqendane, n. 5. = um-Nqandane.
um-Nqumo (Nquumo), n. 5. Substitute:
Olive-wood tree (Olea verrucosa).

u-Ntelika (s. t.; s. k.), n. Enteric fever
( mod. ).

i(li)-Ntiyane (s.t.),n. Add: and other
varieties of Waxbill.

u-Ntloyile, n. Yellow-billed kite (Mil r us
Egyptius), of a light-brown colour
throughout = u-Kolo.

u(lu)-Ntontonto (s.t.),n. Certain tree -
sometimes called u(lu)-Solo (though
not the Flat Crown).

ubu, uku or i-Ntshindane, n. 3. Red-headed
squirrel (Seiurus palliatus), really the
whole body is of a reddish-brown colour
= i-nOwejeje.

i-Ntshongolo, n. 3. Delete and read:— see
i-nTshongolo.

Ntunta (s. t.), v. Do, go, speak, etc., in a
dazed, stupefied kind of way, not know-
ing where one is going or what one is
doing, as a person besotted or light-
headed.

um-Ntwana-wemfingo, n. 1. Species of re-
mora or sucking-fish (Eeheneis nunc ra-
tes) (N).

um-Nukambiba (Nukambhiba), n. 5. Read:
Horsewood tree.

i-Nunu, n. 3. Add: also = i-nGumbane.

i(li)-Nxala, n. Insert: or Mountain reed-
buck.

i(li)-Nxenge, n. Substitute: Tiny kind of
finch, going in flocks, perhaps the

Hooded Weaver Pinch i Spei „;-

griceps).

unfi-Nyama.fi. 5. Expung um-Mnya-

inn.

i-Nyambe (Nyambhel ,,.:;. i-nKwahoa;
also (N) certain plant ( Oamolein

lis).

um-Nyankomo (a. k.), n. 5. Add: also an-
other similar grass < Chloris gaya

um-Nyani, >,.:,. Add : (N) certain
(diihs trilobata and -/. lunari ),

isi-Nyekefu (s.k.),n. isi-Nyemfu.

umNyelele, //..-. (N) umrShwelele.

um-Nyeleza, //. :,. Certain sea-fish (N).

i-Nyendhle, n. 3. Add: also (N) large kind
of earth-cricket whose shrill chirruping
is hcani along tin ast on early-sum-
mer evenings i isi Hlonono i.

i-Nyoni-ayipumule see Phr. under i-Nyo-
ni. Delete and substitute: Collectioi
white cattle formed by hfpande about
the time of the marriage or the i-n > •
sho (<|.v.) girls, whose bridegrooms
were each required to pay a tribute of
one white beast into the herd.

isi-Nywane, n. = um-Timatane.

P' or Pa, insert: (PK or Pha).
isi-Pambato (Phambhatho), n. Delete and

substitute : (X) isi-l'a m pato.

isi-Pampato (Phampatho), u. Certain
hard-wooded forest tree (Plectronia spi-

nosa), growing along the coa

u(lu)-Papa, should be u(lu)-Pape (Phaphe).
isi-Pekepeke (Phekepheke), u. Delete the
sign '(N)\

i(li-)-Pelemvu (Phelemvu), n. (N) i(li)-

Pemvu.
i(\\)-Peir\bane(Phe>nbl/a?/e), u. Silver Bream

(X).

u-Pezu-kwoinkono (Phezu-kwomkhono), u.

Red-chested Cuckoo (Ouculus solitarius),

of which the hack IS dark slate colour

(N).
isi-Petu (Pin linn. u. Add: (X) low] with

the feathers naturally ruffled (see anta-

Nyakabana).
i(li)-Pikanini (s.p; S.k.), should be: i(l)i-Pi-

kinini.
u(lu)-Piko (Phiko), u. Ashestos, found in

Zululand and used medicinally against

poisoning (X).
i(li)-Pimpi (Phimpi), n. Insert: The ring-

776

hals snake, a species of spitting cobra

or naia, etc.
i(li)-Pipi (s.p.),n. Pipe, whether for water

or for smoking [Eng.].
u(lu)-P5ko (Phooko),n. Instead of: {Chlo-

ris sp.), read: (Eleusine coroccana).
u-Puiule (Phulule), n. Certain tree, used

for making fire by friction (see u(lu)-

Zwati).
Puma (Phuma),v. Add:

Ex. umuti kawukapumi, the (purgative)

medicine has not yet come out i. e. worked.
i-mPunzi (s.p.),n. Add:

P. kwa'mpunx'edhFemini, there where a

back may eat { the potatoes ) in the day-
time — see senga.

Q

Qabavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Read: (cp. ukuti
tutu), instead of (= ukuti tutu).

isi-Qaloshana, n. Certain forest tree resem-
bling the um-Qaloti.

isi-Qalotana, or isi-Qaloti, n. Delete — see
isi-Qaloshana.

um-Qantondolo, n. 5. (N) = um-Nqangqa-
ndolo.

Qavita (Qaoitha),v. Add: [Kamb. tavia,
tell].

i(li)-Qeshela, n. Certain sea-fish (Gerres
lineolatus. Gthr.) (N).

isi-Qolo (Qholo),n. Add: (N) also, certain
red-mouthed fish.

um-Qongoto (Qongotho), n. 5. Long-tailed
Bush Shrike {Urolestes melanoleucus).

um-Qumane (Qhumane), n. 5. Add: certain
whitish root, used medicinally for goats.

um-Qumbi (Qumbhi), n. 5. Add:

Phr. uku-liamba ku'mqumbi, life is a
closed- up ear-boll, the grain about to come
forth from which nobody can be sure of =
life is a closed book, nobody can foretell
what the morrow will bring.

um-Qunge or Qungu, n. 5. Add: a striped
beast, gen. of shades of brown.

isi-Quzi,w. Insert after 'lizard': (Ger-
rhosaurus Bibroni). Expunge: or small
iguana.

i(li)-Qweleba, n. Certain very hard-wooded
forest tree, growing on the coast.

R.

u-Rrebe, n. Delete and substitute: African
Goshawk {Astur tachiro); also applied

to African Buzzard Eagle ( Asturinula
monogrammica) and African Hawk
Eagle = i-mVumvuwane.
i(li)-Rreledwane, n. Grey Cuckoo Shrike
(Graucalus coesius) (N).

um-Rrevvu, n. 5. Grey Loury (Schizorhis

concolor) (N).

s.

CI The soft sound represented in this work by
fO the sign Sh is not exactly identical with
the sound represented by an sh in English.
In the Zulu the sound has a slight almost imper-
ceptible dentalization, which dentalization is
by some still further hardened until it ap-
proaches the sound of the ch in English.

Page 560, third paragraph, second line
from bottom — Read :

salela, not 'salela'.

Page 560, fourth paragraph — Read : N.B.

'All words whose', instead of 'all words

who. '
u-Saiakuts'nelwa (s. k.), n. Isibo?igo of Se-

nzangakona.
i(li)-Send3-lengulube, n. Add: = i-nDu-

dumela.
Sesha, v. Search a person (ace), as a

detective [Eng.].
isi-Shadi, n. Add: also applied metaphor.

to any stain or spot where the original

ground has been spoiled, as a stain on

one's dress, but not to a natural spot

as on the skin of an ox.
Shavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. Be of a very fair

or light yellowish complexion.
Shavu shavu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. — shavuza.

Shavuza, v. Keep the tongue incessantly

active, as a loquacious person chattering

or scolding.
i(li)-Shavuza, n. Such a loquacious talker,

as above.
Shenu, ukuti (ukuthi), v. = shenuka; she-

nula; also (N) = ukuti peku.

isi-Shenu, n. Damaged spot or scar, as
on a pumpkin that has been bitten
about externally by a buck, the cover
of a book eaten by beetles, or a dish
where the enamel has been knocked off
(ep. isi-Koli); also (N) = isi-Pekula.

Shenuka (s. k.), v. Get to have such a
damaged spot or scar, as above (used
in perf. ) ; also (N) = pekuka.

Shenula, v. Cause a thing (ace.) to have
such a damaged spot or scar, as above;
also (N) = pekula.

777 —

um-Shiba, n. 5. Bull of the bush-buck
u-Nkonka. See i-mBabala; i(li)-Velisa.

u(lu)-Shikishi (s.k.),n. Read: Irritably

angry nature.
isi-Shishishi, n. Any semi-liquid food when

of a very thick consistency.
Shishiza.v. Boil with a soft splutter, ;is

any food of a very thick consistency,

like porridge, etc.

i(li) or u(lu)-Shiyi, n. Delete and substitute:
Eyebrow i.e. single arch of hair above
the eye (not merely a single hair there-
from ).

i(li)-Shongololo, n. Certain sea-animal (N).

um-Shontsholozi, n. 5. Long, very narrow-
strip (only used regarding forms in
nature, not of cloth, etc.), as of ploughed
land, grass left unburnt on the veldt,
or a long strip of bush running along
a valley.

um-Shwelele, n. 5. Delete audi substitute :
Kind of owl, prob. the Grass Owl (Strix
capensis) (N).

um-Shwenene, n. 5. (N) = um-Shwelele.

Sfci, ukuti (ukuthi), v. read thus, instead
of Sici, ukuti.

u-Simakabombo (Simakabombho), n. Cer-
tain fish (N).

u-Simbaze (Simbhaze), n. Certain sea-fish
(N).

isi-Simbishana (Simbhishana),n. = urn-
Simboshana.

um-Simbiti (Simbhithi), n. 5. Add: [Sw.
imbite, beautiful wooded tree, having
brown and yellow stripes].

i(li)-Sita (Sitha), n. Delete: White spark-
ling stone, and substitute: Mica, found
in Zululand and, etc.

u-Siwetu-emehlweni (Siwethu), n. One who
poses as a friend or comrade only when
in the presence of another (no longer
caring for him when he is absent).

i(li)-So, n. Delete mid substitute: Eye (i.e.
the organ of sight); eye-ball (entirely);
etc.

i(li)-Soka-lakwa'Zulu, n. Add: used medi-
cinally for thrush and croup in children.

ubu or uku-Sula or Sulu, n. Add: [from
the Tonga].

u-Sutumbu (Suthumbhu), n. Certain sea-
fish (N).

i(li)-Swili, n. Certain sea-fish, the 'Five
fingers' (N).

T

Takaza (Thakaza), v.
tutu1: = tokoza.

Delete and sttbsti-

Takazela (Thakazela), v. Delete and tub-

stitute - tokozela.
Takazelana (Th ■>■ and

substitute: tokozelana.
isi-Takazelo (Thakazelo),n, (lead:

Tokozelo, isi-Taka .<».

isi-Takazo (Thakazo), n. Read: To-

kozo, isi-Takazelo.

i(li)-Tambo (Thambo),n. Add

Tin. aku'mtakati , lambo, it i-

iioi an umtakati; why, be even runs ofl boh
with a bone (to prepare lii- evil mediciue*
therefrom ) = he is aow an unusually
umtakati.

ingadhla itambo, ijwayele, it (a i
may eat a bone and gei (thereby) accustom-
ed = you Bhouldn'1 give a dog [i.e. r
beggiug person i n bone i. e. throw him r
copper), or he will tret accustomed.

isi-Tandamanzi (Thandamanzi)t //. Kind
of stork (N).

i-nTangu f'.s-. t.), n. Great abundance of
water, 'floods', as of water in a full
river, a great quantity of beer at a f«
etc. — amarDamu.

i(li)-Tantsi (ThantH), n. Certain Bea-fish re-
sembhng the Torpedo (N).

isi-Tebe (Thebe),n. Add: (N) also a kind
of sea-fish.

i-nTenetsha (s.t.),n. Delete and substitute :
Red hare (Lepus crassicaudatus), duell-
ing in rocky places and much resem-
bling a rabbit in its habit -.

i(li)-Tilongo (8. t.), n. Add: i.\i the Hi
Bird or Bush Weaver Bird [Sycobrotus
bicolor); also i(li)'Cilongo.

i(li)-Timula (Thimula), n. Certain Bea-fish,
the BlacktaU (Sargusrondeletii. C.V.) (N).

i-nTlabandhlazi, n. Species of aloe.

i-nTlanganya or Tlanganywa. //. Certain
sea-fish, resembling salmon (N).

i-nTlengezwa, ;/. Kind of mullet (N). <'p.
i-nTulo.

i-nTlosi, ». Sea-barbel (N).

Tokozelana (Thokozelana), v. Manifest joy
reciprocally; heme, show kindness or
friendship towards each other; live as
friends together, on friendly terms,
two neighbours, or persons residing at
the same place takazelana.

i-nTolobantshi (Tolobhantshi), >>. Waist-
coat (N) [l>. oitth r-h<itttji\.
i(li)-Tontsi (Thontsi), ». Add:

Phr. ui/f kwaba'inatontsi til>nii>.i. In; ha*
gone there where the 'lr<>|M are large, i. e.
where the drops fall heavily, whew he will

— 778 -

be worse oft' or harder treated than he was
before.

i-nTsayintsayi (s.t.), n. Certain sea-fish (N).

i(li)-Tshawe, n. Certain thorny climber,
bearing red edible berries.

i-nTsengetsha (s. t.), n. Delete and substi-
tute: Kind of white felspar or granitic
rock, used in sharp chips for cutting, etc.

i-nTshindane, n. Delete and substitute: — see
i-Ntshindane.

i-nTshingela, n. Certain sea-fish (N).

i-nTshubungu, n. Certain sea-fish (Amphi-
sile punctulata) (N).

i-nTsontswane (s. t.), n. Certain sea-fish
(Etrumens tnicropus) (N).

i(li)-Tubela (Thubela), n. instead of Tubela
(s. L).

i(li)-Tundu (Thundu), n. Dog-headed skate
fish (N)

umu-Twa (Thwa), n. 1. Add: The word in
its origin would seem to have suggested
simply 'a very tiny person, a pygmy or
dwarf and is probably related to the
words i-nTwala and i-nTwakumba ex-
pressing 'a flea'.

i-nTwenkulu (s. t; s. k.), n. Certain sea-fish
(N).

V

i(li)-Vayivayi, n. = i(li)-Vatavata.

Vayizela, v. = vatazela.

isi-Veke (s. k.), n. Certain flying sea-fish
(Pterois volitans) (N).

u-Vikinduku (s.k.),n. Certain sea-fish (N).

um-Viyo-totshana (Viyo-thotshana), n. 5.

Certain small tree, resembling the urn-

Viyo.

i(li)-Vuba, n. Add: [Ga. vuba, to fish].

isi-Vuba.rc. Add: [Ga. vuba, to fish].

i(li)-Vukutu (Vukuthu), n. Add: also Rame-
ron Pigeon.

Phr. w'ctukela pexulu, okivamacukutu, he
started at nothing, like a black-pigeon —

said of a person who starts with pretended
surprise at something he knows very well
about.

i-mVula-mlomo, n. Beast, or its equivalent,
demanded by a girl's father previous
to his entering into marriage negotia-
tions with her intended (lit. a mouth-
opener); also (N) = i-nGudhlu.

i-mVunduna, n. Add: also Le Vaillant's
Barbel (Trachyphonus Cafer).

um-Vusa-nkunzi (s.k.),n.5. Add: and red
edible fruit like the i(li)-Tungulu.

um-Vutu (Vuthu), n. 5. Kind of goshawk.

u-Vuzi, n. Darter (Plotus Levaillanti).

w

u-Wili, n. Green Bulbul (Antropadus im-

portunus ).
i(li)-Wuba, n. Add:

Phr. uhamba ngeyamawuba, njengoSobuxa
eya etotolweni, you steal along by hidden
paths, as did Sobuza when he went after
the woman who was as harmless as a child
— said of one going with needless stealth.

X

i(li)-X6boxobo, n. Certain plant ( Osteo-
spermum grandidentatum ) (N).

i(li)-Xola, n. Parrot fish (Julis hebraica.
Lacep.) (N).

um-Xopo (Xhopho), n. 5. Insert after
' marsh-grass ' : ( Fuirena pubescens ).

um-Xozane.w. 5. Kind of sedge (Kyllinga
elatior), used as fibre (N).

u-Zasengwa, n. South- African Kestrel
(Cerchneis rupicola); also applied to
the Blue-shouldered Kite (Elanus cae-
ruleus) = u-Matebeni.

umG-Zi,ft. 5. Add: = um-Hlahle.

u-Zikewana (Zikhewana), n. Prism glass
(from chandeliers), used as love-charm
for girls and also against lightning (N).

History of the Zulu People.
(Introductory).

page 28*, line 12, read: were the Lala clans

- the eMbo about the Mfongosi river,

the emaCubeni at the Nkandhla forest,

and the Ngongoma at the lower Ntsuze.

page 28*, line 14, read: about Nqutu and
away beyond the upper White Mfolozi
towards the Ntabankulu mountain, were
the emaNgwaneni tribe.

page 28*, line 17, read: about Utrecht

and the sources of the Mzinyati or
Buffalo river, were the very large ema-
Hlutshini tribe,
page 28*, line 21, read: while south-east
of these latter, from the eTaleni hill off
towards the Tukela, were the emaCu-
nwini clan under Macingwane, along
with the Langa and Kanyile branches
of the same tribe.

Printed at the Mariannhill Mission Press, Pinetown, Natal.

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